2015 compared to 2014 when compared to 2014 , costs of revenue in 2015 increased $ 41 million . this increase included a constant currency increase in expenses of approximately $ 238 million , or 8.9% ( 8.9 % ) , partially offset by a positive impact of approximately $ 197 million from the effects of foreign currency fluctuations . the constant currency growth was comprised of a $ 71 million increase in commercial solutions , which included the impact from the encore acquisition which closed in july 2014 , a $ 146 million increase in research & development solutions , which included the incremental impact from the businesses that quest contributed to q2 solutions , and a $ 21 million increase in integrated engagement services . the decrease in costs of revenue as a percent of revenues for 2015 was primarily as a result of an improvement in constant currency profit margin in the commercial solutions , research & development solutions and integrated engagement services segments ( as more fully described in the segment discussion later in this section ) . for 2015 , this constant currency profit margin expansion was partially offset by the effect from a higher proportion of consolidated revenues being contributed by our lower margin integrated engagement services segment when compared to 2014 as well as a negative impact from foreign currency fluctuations . selling , general and administrative expenses , exclusive of depreciation and amortization .
what was the gross revenues in 2016 based on the percent of the selling general and administrative expenses
2016 compared to 2015 the $ 196 million increase in selling , general and administrative expenses in 2016 included a constant currency increase of $ 215 million , or 26.4% ( 26.4 % ) , partially offset by a positive impact of approximately $ 19 million from the effects of foreign currency fluctuations . the constant currency growth was comprised of a $ 151 million increase in commercial solutions , which includes $ 158 million from the merger with ims health , partially offset by a decline in the legacy service offerings , a $ 32 million increase in research & development solutions , which includes the incremental impact from the businesses that quest contributed to q2 solutions , a $ 3 million increase in integrated engagement services , and a $ 29 million increase in general corporate and unallocated expenses , which includes $ 37 million from the merger with ims health . the constant currency increase in general corporate and unallocated expenses in 2016 was primarily due to higher stock-based compensation expense . 2015 compared to 2014 the $ 34 million increase in selling , general and administrative expenses in 2015 included a constant currency increase of $ 74 million , or 9.5% ( 9.5 % ) , partially offset by a positive impact of approximately $ 42 million from the effects of foreign currency fluctuations . the constant currency growth was comprised of a $ 14 million increase in commercial solutions , which included the impact from the encore acquisition which closed in july 2014 , a $ 40 million increase in research & development solutions , which included the incremental impact from the businesses that quest contributed to q2 solutions , a $ 4 million increase in integrated engagement services , and a $ 14 million increase in general corporate and unallocated expenses . the constant currency increase in general corporate and unallocated expenses in 2015 was primarily due to higher stock-based compensation expense and costs associated with the q2 solutions transaction. .