item 7a . quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk ( amounts in millions ) in the normal course of business , we are exposed to market risks related to interest rates , foreign currency rates and certain balance sheet items . from time to time , we use derivative instruments , pursuant to established guidelines and policies , to manage some portion of these risks . derivative instruments utilized in our hedging activities are viewed as risk management tools and are not used for trading or speculative purposes . interest rates our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to the fair market value and cash flows of our debt obligations . the majority of our debt ( approximately 93% ( 93 % ) and 91% ( 91 % ) as of december 31 , 2012 and 2011 , respectively ) bears interest at fixed rates . we do have debt with variable interest rates , but a 10% ( 10 % ) increase or decrease in interest rates would not be material to our interest expense or cash flows . the fair market value of our debt is sensitive to changes in interest rates , and the impact of a 10% ( 10 % ) change in interest rates is summarized below . increase/ ( decrease ) in fair market value as of december 31 , 10% ( 10 % ) increase in interest rates 10% ( 10 % ) decrease in interest rates .
what was the ratio of the 10% ( 10 % ) increase/ ( decrease ) in interest rates to the in fair market value as of december 312012
we have used interest rate swaps for risk management purposes to manage our exposure to changes in interest rates . during 2012 , we entered into and exited forward-starting interest rate swap agreements to effectively lock in the benchmark rate related to our 3.75% ( 3.75 % ) senior notes due 2023 , which we issued in november 2012 . we do not have any interest rate swaps outstanding as of december 31 , 2012 . we had $ 2590.8 of cash , cash equivalents and marketable securities as of december 31 , 2012 that we generally invest in conservative , short-term investment-grade securities . the interest income generated from these investments is subject to both domestic and foreign interest rate movements . during 2012 and 2011 , we had interest income of $ 29.5 and $ 37.8 , respectively . based on our 2012 results , a 100 basis point increase or decrease in interest rates would affect our interest income by approximately $ 26.0 , assuming that all cash , cash equivalents and marketable securities are impacted in the same manner and balances remain constant from year-end 2012 levels . foreign currency rates we are subject to translation and transaction risks related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates . since we report revenues and expenses in u.s . dollars , changes in exchange rates may either positively or negatively affect our consolidated revenues and expenses ( as expressed in u.s . dollars ) from foreign operations . the primary foreign currencies that impacted our results during 2012 were the brazilian real , euro , indian rupee and the south african rand . based on 2012 exchange rates and operating results , if the u.s . dollar were to strengthen or weaken by 10% ( 10 % ) , we currently estimate operating income would decrease or increase between 3% ( 3 % ) and 5% ( 5 % ) , assuming that all currencies are impacted in the same manner and our international revenue and expenses remain constant at 2012 levels . the functional currency of our foreign operations is generally their respective local currency . assets and liabilities are translated at the exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date , and revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates during the period presented . the resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss , net of tax , in the stockholders 2019 equity section of our consolidated balance sheets . our foreign subsidiaries generally collect revenues and pay expenses in their functional currency , mitigating transaction risk . however , certain subsidiaries may enter into transactions in currencies other than their functional currency . assets and liabilities denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are susceptible to movements in foreign currency until final settlement . currency transaction gains or losses primarily arising from transactions in currencies other than the functional currency are included in office and general expenses . we have not entered into a material amount of foreign currency forward exchange contracts or other derivative financial instruments to hedge the effects of potential adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. .