table of contents cdw corporation and subsidiaries method or straight-line method , as applicable . the company classifies deferred financing costs as a direct deduction from the carrying value of the long-term debt liability on the consolidated balance sheets , except for deferred financing costs associated with revolving credit facilities which are presented as an asset , within other assets on the consolidated balance sheets . derivative instruments the company has interest rate cap agreements for the purpose of hedging its exposure to fluctuations in interest rates . the interest rate cap agreements are designated as cash flow hedges of interest rate risk and recorded at fair value in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets . the gain or loss on the derivative instruments is reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss until reclassified to interest expense in the same period the hedge transaction affects earnings . fair value measurements fair value is defined under gaap as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date . a fair value hierarchy has been established for valuation inputs to prioritize the inputs into three levels based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market . each fair value measurement is reported in one of the three levels which is determined by the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety . these levels are : level 1 2013 observable inputs such as quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets . level 2 2013 inputs are based on quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets , quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities . level 3 2013 inputs are generally unobservable and typically reflect management 2019s estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability . the fair values are therefore determined using model-based techniques that include option pricing models , discounted cash flow models and similar techniques . accumulated other comprehensive loss the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss included in stockholders 2019 equity are as follows: .
in millions , what was the average loss from foreign currency translation from 2015-2017?
revenue recognition the company is a primary distribution channel for a large group of vendors and suppliers , including original equipment manufacturers ( 201coems 201d ) , software publishers , wholesale distributors and cloud providers . the company records revenue from sales transactions when title and risk of loss are passed to the customer , there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement for sale , delivery has occurred and/or services have been rendered , the sales price is fixed or determinable , and collectability is reasonably assured . the company 2019s shipping terms typically specify f.o.b . destination , at which time title and risk of loss have passed to the customer . revenues from the sales of hardware products and software licenses are generally recognized on a gross basis with the selling price to the customer recorded as sales and the acquisition cost of the product recorded as cost of sales . these items can be delivered to customers in a variety of ways , including ( i ) as physical product shipped from the company 2019s warehouse , ( ii ) via drop-shipment by the vendor or supplier , or ( iii ) via electronic delivery for software licenses . at the time of sale , the company records an estimate for sales returns and allowances based on historical experience . the company 2019s vendor partners warrant most of the products the company sells . the company leverages drop-shipment arrangements with many of its vendors and suppliers to deliver products to its customers without having to physically hold the inventory at its warehouses , thereby increasing efficiency and reducing .