On the first day of the course, a philosophy professor told the class that no student has ever earned an A without reading all of the mandatory books. Jorge read all of the mandatory books and suggested course materials for his philosophy course. Ttherefore, Jorge will earn an A in his philosophy course. What mistake does the argument commit in its reasoning? ['It confuses probability and certainty.', 'It confuses relative and absolute solutions.', 'It confuses a necessary and sufficient condition.', 'It confuses correlation and causation.']