['The gene responsible for hereditary hemochromatosis close to the human leukocyte antigen A locus was previously identified and designated as HFE. This study was performed to evaluate the clinical significance of two mutations, C282Y and H63D of HFE, in Japanese patients with hepatic iron overload.', 'We examined C282Y and H63D in 11 patients with primary hemochromatosis, 94 patients with chronic hepatitis C, 54 patients with miscellaneous liver diseases, and 151 healthy volunteers. The HFE gene region of DNA samples extracted from peripheral leukocytes was amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Restriction enzyme analysis was performed using SnaBI for C282Y and BclI for H63D. Direct sequence analysis was then performed when products suggested the presence of a mutation.', 'All the subjects studied were free from C282Y. None of the patients with hemochromatosis had H63D. One patient with chronic hepatitis C was homozygous, and 4 patients were heterozygous for H63D. Two patients with alcoholic liver disease were heterozygous for H63D. The prevalence of chromosomes with H63D was 6/188 (3.2%) in patients with chronic hepatitis C, 2/108 (1.9%) in patients with miscellaneous liver diseases, and 8/302 (2.6%) in healthy volunteers. These differences were not significant.'] Do c282Y and H63D mutations in the HFE gene have no effect on iron overload disorders in Japan?