Pretzels can cause cavities. Interestingly, the longer that a pretzel remains in contact with the teeth when it is being eaten, the greater the likelihood that a cavity will result. What is true of pretzels in this regard is also true of caramels. Ttherefore, since caramels dissolve more quickly in the mouth than pretzels do, eating a caramel is less likely to result in a cavity than eating a pretzel is. The reasoning in the argument is vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument ['mistakes the cause of a particular phenomenon for the effect of that phenomenon', 'treats a correlation that holds within individual categories as thereby holding across categories as well', 'relies on the ambiguous use of a key term', 'is based on premises that cannot all be true']