['Preejaculatory fluid, a viscous, lubricating secretion expressed by penile urethral glands during sexual excitement, may play a role in the sexual transmission of HIV-1. The urethra has been shown to be an important site of HIV infection in men and male macaques, and preejaculatory fluid and urethral swabs from HIV-1-infected men often contain HIV. Recent studies have shown that HAART reduces but does not eliminate seminal HIV shedding in infected men, and that the penile urethra remains a site of persistent simian immunodeficiency virus infection in HAART-treated macaques. The objective of this study was to determine whether HIV-infected men on stable HAART continue to shed HIV into preejaculatory secretions.', 'Single-center prospective study.', 'Sixty HIV-infected men on HAART were recruited to provide preejaculatory fluid, semen, and blood for HIV RNA quantification by reverse transcription-PCR.', 'Eight men had detectable HIV in blood; of these four had HIV in semen (range: 40-96\u200a000\u200acopies/ml), and one had HIV in preejaculate (2400\u200acopies/sample). Fifty-two men had undetectable HIV RNA in blood; of these 10 (19.2%) had HIV RNA in semen (range: 59-800\u200acopies/ml) whereas none (0%) had HIV RNA in preejaculate (P\u200a=\u200a0.004).'] Is hIV-1 undetectable in preejaculatory secretions from HIV-1-infected men on suppressive HAART?