Company president: Grievance procedures should allow the grievant and the respondent to select a mediator who will attempt to work out a resolution. Grievances are costly and mediation could help to resolve many of them. However, beginning mediation fairly late in the process, as our human resources department proposes, would be relatively ineffective. Which one of the following, if true, most helps to justify the company president's criticism of the human resources department's proposal? ["Adversaries' positions tend to harden as a dispute wears on, making compromise less likely.", 'The mediation process itself is likely to cost as much in time and money as the present grievance procedures.', 'Many disagreements are already being solved without the intervention of a mediator.', 'Respondents tend to be supervisors who cannot give in to employees without losing authority.']