['The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)(2)-based paste (Calen) associated or not to 0.4% chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) on RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line culture.', 'The cell viability (MTT assay), immunostimulating properties (NO dosage), and anti-inflammatory properties (NO, TNF-alpha, and IL-1alpha dosage) were evaluated after cell exposure to the materials. Data were analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis test at 5% significance level.', "There was low immunostimulating activity of the Calen paste associated or not to 0.4% CHX in the different materials' concentrations evaluated (P > .05). Anti-inflammatory activity with inhibition of NO and cytokine (TNF-alpha and IL1-alpha) release was observed only with Ca(OH)(2) + CHX at the highest concentration (25 microg/mL)."] Do effect of a calcium hydroxide-based paste associated to chlorhexidine on RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line culture?