['To evaluate the effects of interleukin (IL)-13, a T-helper (Th)2 cytokine, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-beta, a Th1 cytokine, on the production of IL-6 family cytokines and chemokines by endometrial stromal cells (ESC).', 'The effects of IL-13 and TNF-beta, on the production of IL-6, IL-11, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), IL-8, growth-regulated oncogene alpha (GROalpha), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), regulated on activation, T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), and eotaxin were investigated.', 'Research laboratory at a medical university.', 'Thirteen endometrial specimens in the late proliferative phase were used.', 'The ESC were incubated for 24 hours with recombinant human IL-13 and recombinant human TNF-beta.', 'The concentration of IL-6, IL-11, LIF, IL-8, GROalpha, MCP-1, RANTES, and eotaxin in the culture media was measured using ELISA.', 'The increase in levels of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and eotaxin in the culture media of ESC paralleled the addition of increasing amounts of IL-13 and TNF-beta, whereas the levels of IL-11 and LIF were decreased with increasing amounts of IL-13, but were increased with increasing amounts of TNF-beta. Tumor necrosis factor-beta enhanced the production of GROalpha and RANTES in dose-dependent manner; however, IL-13 did not affect the expression of GROalpha or RANTES.'] Do interleukin-13 and tumor necrosis factor-beta differentially regulate the production of cytokines by cultured human endometrial stromal cells?