The huge labor supply has supported the rapid economic development since the reform and opening up, and formed a demographic dividend. However, the population size does not necessarily translate into a demographic dividend, and basic cultural qualities are also needed. Since the reform and opening up, China has placed basic education in an important position, formulated compulsory education law and other laws and regulations, and continuously increased investment in related fields, thus ensuring the improvement of the quality of the labor force. In recent years, as the level of aging continues to increase, the labor force has shown signs of shrinking in size. In order to achieve sustainable economic development under the new labor supply conditions, it is necessary to implement employee quality construction projects, promote the construction of a large army of knowledge-based, technical and innovative laborers, and promote the transformation of the demographic dividend into a talent dividend. This text mainly says? ['The current situation puts forward new requirements for improving the quality of the population.', 'Education is the key to achieving sustainable economic development.', 'The current economic development needs to release the demographic dividend.', 'Improving the quality of the labor force needs to strengthen basic education.']