['Accumulating evidence indicates that microRNAs play a pivotal role in the development and progression of prostate cancer. The present study was aimed at clarifying the biological functions of miR-153, one of the upregulated microRNAs in prostate cancers, and the signaling transduction induced by miR-153.', "miR-153 was identified to be overexpressed in prostate cancers. The probable biological function of miR-153 in cellular proliferation was then examined by diverse assays, such as MTT, colony formation and BrdUrd incorporation assay. Moreover, real-time PCR and western blotting analysis were applied to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism induced by miR-153. Luciferase assays were used to determined the FOXO1 transactivity and the direct regulation of PTEN-3'-UTR by miR-153.", 'High-throughput method identified miR-153 to be upregulated in prostate cancers, which is further confirmed by the upregulated expression in four paired prostate tumor/adjacent non-cancerous tissues from the same patients. Further studies revealed that overexpression of miR-153 promoted cell cycle transition and cell proliferation, while inhibition of miR-153 reduced this effect. Moreover, miR-153 overexpression in prostate cancer cells increased the G1/S transitional promoter, cyclin D1 expression, and decreased cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor, p21(Cip1) expression. In addition, we demonstrated that miR-153 directly targeted the PTEN tumor suppressor gene, activated the AKT signaling and downregulated FOXO1 transcriptional activity.'] Does upregulation of miR-153 promote cell proliferation via downregulation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene in human prostate cancer?