['Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection exerts diverse effects on atherogenesis. We investigated whether malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) is associated with the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in anti-HCV-positive hemodialysis (HD) patients.', 'Twenty-two anti-HCV-positive HD patients with CAD and 61 anti-HCV-positive HD patients without CAD (as controls) were included. Data were obtained from hospital records, patients were evaluated for risk factors for CAD. The same physician performed MIS evaluation.', 'MIS of anti-HCV-positive HD patients with CAD were significantly higher than patients without CAD (8.8+/-4.0 vs 6.5+/-2.6, P=0.02). In patients with CAD, basal (P=0.002) and peak C-reactive protein (P=0.03) and serum ferritin (P=0.01) concentrations were higher, serum albumin concentrations (P=0.003) were lower than those patients without CAD. MIS was positively correlated with age (r=+0.359, P=0.001) and viral load (r=+0.629, P<0.0001). In univariate logistic regression analysis, advanced age (odds ratios (OR)=1.093, confidence interval (CI): 1.039-1.150, P=0.001), hypertension (OR=3.143, CI: 1.084-9.116, P=0.035), diabetes mellitus (OR=5.344, CI: 1.343-21.269, P=0.017), low triglyceride (OR=0.992, CI: 0.984-0.999, P=0.026) and high MIS (OR=1.259, CI: 1.066-1.488, P=0.007) were associated with the presence of CAD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified age (OR=1.090, CI: 1.007-1.179, P=0.033) and MIS as the factors associated with the presence of CAD (OR=1.232, CI: 1.004-1.511, P=0.04).'] Is malnutrition inflammation score associated with coronary artery disease in hepatitis C virus-infected hemodialysis patients?