['Adiponectin may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We investigated the relation of adiponectin on early functional and structural markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in a large population-based cohort of young men and women.', 'We measured serum adiponectin using radioimmunoassay in 2,147 young adults (ages 24-39 years) participating in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. The subjects had ultrasound data on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), carotid artery elasticity (n = 2,139) and brachial flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) (n = 1,996). In univariate analysis, adiponectin was inversely associated with IMT (r = -0.16, P < 0.0001) and directly with FMD (r = 0.12, P < 0.0001) and carotid elasticity (r = 0.20, P < 0.0001). The associations for IMT and FMD remained significant in multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, obesity indices, serum lipids, blood pressure, leptin, glucose, and C-reactive protein: IMT (β = -0.018 ± 0.005, P = 0.0002) and FMD (β = 0.72 ± 0.25, P = 0.004). The relation between adiponectin and carotid elasticity attenuated to non-significant after adjusting for waist circumference and systolic blood pressure.'] Is adiponectin related with carotid artery intima-media thickness and brachial flow-mediated dilatation in young adults -- the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study?