['The neonatal surgical patient is threatened by exuberant inflammatory reactions. Neonatal macrophages are key players in this process. We investigated the ability of neonatal macrophages to initiate a local inflammatory reaction upon exposure to different bacterial or viral ligands to toll-like receptors (TLRs).', 'Peritoneal wash outs from neonatal (<24 h) and adult (42 days) C57BL/6J mice were gained by peritoneal lavages. In a first set of experiments, macrophages were purified and stimulated for 6 h by four different TLR ligands. mRNA was extracted for transcriptome analysis. In a second set of experiments, lipopolysaccharide was applied into peritoneal cavities. After 6 h of incubation, the cellular composition of the inflamed cavities was evaluated by cytological staining as well as chipcytometry.', 'Neonatal murine peritoneal macrophages differed significantly in the expression of pro- and anti-chemotactic genes. Functional assignment of these genes revealed enhanced chemotactic potential of neonatal macrophages and was confirmed by a higher influx of pro-inflammatory cells into neonatal peritoneal cavities.'] Do neonatal murine macrophages show enhanced chemotactic capacity upon toll-like receptor stimulation?