Journalist: It is unethical for journalists to lie -- to say something untrue with the purpose of deceiving the listener -- to get a story. However, journalists commonly withhold relevant information in interviews in order to elicit new information. Some argue that this, like lying, is intentional deception and ttherefore unethical. However, this argument fails to recognize the distinction between failing to prevent a false belief and actively encouraging one. Lying is unethical because it actively encourages a false belief. The journalist argues by ['defining a concept and then showing that under this definition the concept applies to all of the cases under discussion', 'pointing out a difference between the two cases being compared in order to show that a conclusion based on their similarities should not be drawn', 'clarifying and defending a moral principle by comparing a case in which it applies to one in which it does not apply', 'appealing to a counterexample to undermine an ethical principle that supports an argument the journalist is trying to refute']