['The present study was designed to assess the impact of direct current shocks on cardiac troponin I (cTnI), which has greater sensitivity and specificity than creatine kinase (CK) for the diagnosis of myocardial injury.', 'Transthoracic direct current shocks can cause myocardial injury. They also cause elevations of total CK and CK-MB fraction (CK-MB).', 'We obtained measurements of cTnI total CK and CK-MB before and after elective cardioversions in 38 patients. Blood samples were drawn before and 8, 16, 24 and 48 h after cardioversion. Shock energy, current, impedance and number of shocks delivered were tabulated.', 'Patients received a mean (+/-SD) of 2.1 +/- 1.2 shocks with a median cumulative energy of 300 J (range 50 to 1,580). Three patients had minimal elevations (1.5, 1.2 and 0.8 ng/ml, normal < or = 0.6 ng/ml) of cTnI. Two of these patients had impaired left ventricular contractility by echocardiography. Thirty-five of the 38 patients had no elevations of cTnI. Sixty-two percent of patients had an increase in CK after cardioversion, but CK-MB was elevated to an abnormal level of 12.7 ng/ml (normal < 6.7) in only one patient after cardioversion.'] Are cardiac troponin I levels normal or minimally elevated after transthoracic cardioversion?