['To investigate the effectiveness of valerian for the management of chronic insomnia in general practice.', 'Valerian versus placebo in a series of n-of-1 trials, in Queensland, Australia.', 'Of 42 enrolled patients, 24 (57%) had sufficient data for inclusion into the n-of-1 analysis. Response to valerian was fair for 23 (96%) participants evaluating their "energy level in the previous day" but poor or modest for all 24 (100%) participants\' response to "total sleep time" and for 23 (96%) participants\' response to "number of night awakenings" and "morning refreshment". As a group, the proportion of treatment successes ranged from 0.35 (95% CI 0.23, 0.47) to 0.55 (95% CI 0.43, 0.67) for the six elicited outcome sleep variables. There was no significant difference in the number (P=0.06), distribution (P=1.00) or severity (P=0.46) of side effects between valerian and placebo treatments.'] Does valerian appear to reduce symptoms for patients with chronic insomnia in general practice using a series of randomised n-of-1 trials?