Modern European cities are very different from medieval cities and contemporary industrial cities. Medieval cities emerged and gained a foothold as a check and balance force for the rights of feudal lords, and in the protected autonomous areas of the time were shelters for the activities of merchants and craftsmen It is not plundered by feudal masters. On the contrary, modern cities are dwelling places favored by the nobles of traditional rural residences (such as bourgeois landlords), and are new power centers that place surrounding villages under their influence. Another feature is that the tertiary industry occupies an overwhelming advantage in urban functions, at the cost of damaging productive activities, which was the core of medieval cities and regained this position in the later era of industrialization. "Latter" in the text refers to:. ['Productive activities.', 'Tertiary industry.', 'Modern cities.', 'Bourgeois landlord.']