['Insulin resistant states are associated with increased fatty acid flux to liver and intestine, which stimulates the production of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL). ApoC-III production and plasma and TRL concentrations are increased in insulin resistance and may contribute to the hypertriglyceridemia of these conditions. The mechanism underlying that increase is not known, but because apoC-III and VLDL production are closely linked we hypothesized that FFAs may stimulate TRL apoC-III production.', 'We used Intralipid/heparin (IH) to raise plasma FFA in 12 healthy men in the fed state, and stable isotopes to examine apoC-III metabolism. TRL apoC-III concentration was significantly higher in the IH study, and this increase was associated with higher production (PR) and fractional catabolic rate (FCR). The increase in production was greater than in FCR (90% versus 30%, respectively), accounting for the elevated concentration. Glycerol infusion had no effect on apoC-III concentration, PR, or FCR compared to saline, indicating that the effect was not attributable to glycerol released from intralipid.'] Is triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-associated apolipoprotein C-III production stimulated by plasma free fatty acids in humans?