['Our aim was to investigate the effect of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) on subsequent mortality in young ischemic stroke patients in a population-based study.', 'Young ischemic stroke patients were invited to a follow-up on average 6 years after their index stroke. HRQOL was measured by Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and the Nottingham Health Profile (NPH). Data on socioeconomic and functional states were obtained. Subsequent survival was obtained by examining the official population registry. Multivariate analyses were performed.', 'One hundred eighty-eight patients were included. The mean age on follow-up was 48 years, and the subsequent follow-up period was 12 years. Cox regression analysis revealed that mortality was associated with NHP sum score (P < .001) after adjusting for age (P = .09), sex (P = .11), and alcoholism (P = .04). Cox regression analyses, including subscores of SF-36 or NHP separately, revealed that mortality was associated with pain (P = .05), sleep disturbances (P = .02), and physical function (P = .02) after adjusting for confounders.'] Is poor health-related quality of life associated with long-term mortality in young adults with cerebral infarction?