['In patients with chronic renal failure, the main cause of mortality is cardiovascular disease. Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are found to be related with decreased survival in both the normal population and in patients with chronic renal failure in different studies. Our aim is to investigate the relationship between cTnT and BNP in patients with chronic renal failure.', '58 chronic haemodialysis patients were enrolled prospectively for the study. Blood samples for measurement of cTnT and BNP were collected after the haemodialysis. The patients are divided into 3 groups according to cTnT measurements. Group I included the patients with cTnT < 0.05 ng/ml, Group II included the patients with cTnT between 0.05 and 0.1 ng/ml and group III included the patients with cTnT > 0. 1 ng/ml. We performed echocardiography in all patients to measure the left ventricular ejection fraction and thickness of septum and posterior wall. When BNP levels were compared among the 3 groups, we found that the BNP level was lowest in group I and highest in group III (165.13 +/- 125.44 pg/dl; 236.0 +/- 107.83 pg/dl; 280.71 +/- 153.25 pg/dl, respectively) (P = 0.01).The difference in BNP levels among groups was statistically significant and independent from left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular ejection fraction and volume overload in multiple regression analysis. We also searched the relationship between plasma cTnT and BNP levels and found a positive correlation (r = 0.3; P = 0.023).'] Does brain natriuretic peptide correlate with troponin T in patients with renal failure?