['To compare meta-analyses of diagnostic test accuracy using the Moses-Littenberg summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) approach with those of the hierarchical SROC (HSROC) model.', 'Twenty-six data sets from existing test accuracy systematic reviews were reanalyzed with the Moses-Littenberg model, using equal weighting ("E-ML") and weighting by the inverse variance of the log DOR ("W-ML"), and with the HSROC model. The diagnostic odds ratios (DORs) were estimated and covariates added to both models to estimate relative DORs (RDORs) between subgroups. Models were compared by calculating the ratio of DORs, the ratio of RDORs, and P-values for detecting asymmetry and effects of covariates on DOR.', 'Compared to the HSROC model, the Moses-Littenberg model DOR estimates were a median of 22% ("E-ML") and 47% ("W-ML") lower at Q*, and 7% and 42% lower at the central point in the data. Instances of the ML models giving estimates higher than the HSROC model also occurred. Investigations of heterogeneity also differed; the Moses-Littenberg models on average estimating smaller differences in RDOR.'] Does the Moses-Littenberg meta-analytical method generate systematic differences in test accuracy compared to hierarchical meta-analytical models?