['The role of dietary fatty acids in ulcerative colitis (UC) pathogenesis has been shown in animal models; however, human studies are rare. We hypothesized that there might be a relationship between dietary fatty acid composition and the risk of developing incident UC.', 'Overall, 62 new cases of UC and 124 healthy age and sex-matched controls were studied. Information on usual diet was measured by a validated country-specific food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounding variables was carried out to compare dietary fatty acid intakes between cases and controls.', 'We found positive associations between dietary intake of total fat (P value for trend <0.01), oleic acid (P value for trend <0.01), saturated fatty acid (SAFA) (P value for trend\u2009=\u20090.02), total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (P value for trend\u2009=\u20090.04), and trans fat (P value for trend <0.01).'] Are dietary fatty acid intakes related to the risk of ulcerative colitis : a case-control study?