['Autistic disorder (AD) and Williams syndrome (WS) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by contrasting abnormal social behavior (the former, socially avoidant; the latter, outwardly social); nonetheless, there are individuals with WS who display some behaviors that are characteristic of AD. We quantified the extent to which autism spectrum disorder (ASD) behaviors were present in children with WS.', 'Twenty children with WS (27-58 months) and 26 age- and IQ-equivalent children with AD were administered the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). ADOS behaviors were compared between groups.', 'Two children with WS met DSM-IV criteria for AD, one of whom was also classified as having AD by the ADOS algorithm. Discriminant analysis of ADOS behaviors indicated that gesture, showing, and quality of social overtures best discriminated the groups.'] Do social interaction behaviors discriminate young children with autism and Williams syndrome?