['The aim of this study was to determine the prognostic value of p53 and retinoblastoma protein (pRb) expression in patients with stage T1 grade 3 (T1G3) bladder cancer (BC) treated by transurethral resection of bladder tumour (TURBT) and intravesical instillations of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).', 'p53 and pRb expression were independently recorded within a homogeneous series of 27 patients. Fisher exact test and the log-rank test were carried out, along with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.', 'Sixteen tumours showed altered p53 expression, while 14 showed altered pRb expression. Overall, 7 tumours showed normal expression of both markers, 10 altered expression of one of the two markers, and 10 altered expression of both markers. Only altered pRb expression was an independent predictor of both recurrence (p=0.037) and progression (p=0.018); altered expression of both markers was a strong predictor (p=0.001) of progression.'] Is altered p53 and pRb expression predictive of response to BCG treatment in T1G3 bladder cancer?