['Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the major causes of chronic hepatitis infection (CHI). This longitudinal cohort study investigated the association of CHI with hepatic and extrahepatic cancer development in Taiwan.', 'Patients with HBV infection and HCV infection were identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95\xa0% confidence intervals (CIs) for determining the association between CHI and cancer development.', "The patients with HBV infection exhibited an increased risk of colorectal cancer (HR: 1.36, 95\xa0% CI: 1.09-1.70), liver cancer (HR: 21.47, 95\xa0% CI: 18.0-25.6), gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct cancer (HR: 2.05, 95\xa0% CI: 1.07-3.91), pancreatic cancer (HR: 2.61, 95\xa0% CI: 1.47-4.61), kidney cancer (HR: 1.72, 95\xa0% CI: 1.10-2.68), ovarian cancer (HR: 2.31, 95\xa0% CI: 1.21-4.39), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (HR: 2.10, 95\xa0% CI: 1.25-3.52). The patients with HCV infection exhibited an increased risk of liver cancer (HR: 25.10, 95\xa0% CI: 20.9-30.2), gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct cancer (HR: 2.60, 95\xa0% CI: 1.42-4.73), ovarian cancer (HR: 5.15, 95\xa0% CI: 1.98-13.4), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (HR: 2.30, 95\xa0% CI: 1.34-3.96)."] Is chronic hepatitis infection associated with extrahepatic cancer development : a nationwide population-based study in Taiwan?