['While cervical cancer screening is useful for detecting and then treating the disease at an early stage, most women with screen-positive results are free from cervical cancer but nevertheless subject to the unnecessary worry entailed in receiving such results. The purpose of this study was to examine whether receiving a screen-positive result was actually related to psychological distress among Japanese women who underwent cervical cancer screening.', 'We conducted a questionnaire survey at health facilities in a semiurban city of Ibaraki prefecture, involving 1744 women who underwent cervical cancer screening and 72 who received screen-positive results and then underwent further testing. We used the K6 scale to assess their psychological distress (K6 score\xa0≥5) and performed multiple logistic regression analyses to estimate the relative effect of receiving screen-positive results on psychological distress.', 'Psychological distress was more prevalent among women with screen-positive results (OR 2.22; 95\xa0% CI 1.32-3.74), while it was also related to history of mental health consultation (OR 2.26; 95\xa0% CI 1.69-3.01) and marital status (OR 1.32; 95\xa0% CI 1.02-1.70).'] Does psychological impact of positive cervical cancer screening result among Japanese women?