['Aging of the skin is affected by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Especially important extrinsic factor is ultraviolet radiation, which causes premature aging of the skin. Intrinsic aging is influenced by genetic factors, and changes in hormones. In menopause, changes in hormonal balance have been suggested to enhance aging of the skin.'] Do systemic estrogens have no conclusive beneficial effect on human skin connective tissue?