['Video-capsule endoscopy (VCE) has shown that intestinal ulcers are common in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) users, although the mechanisms and management have not been clearly defined. To explore the contribution of oxidative stress and potential of antioxidants for NSAIDs-induced intestinal ulcers, we assessed human serum oxidative stress balance and the effect of antioxidants using a mouse model.', 'A total of 30 NSAIDs users (17 aspirin and 13 non-aspirin users) received VCE. Serum reactive oxygen metabolite (d-ROM) and antioxidative OXY-adsorbent test (OXY) were measured. The indomethacin (IND)-induced mouse intestinal ulcer model was used to assess the effect of antioxidants. Eight-week-old mice were divided into four groups; control diet and diet including IND (N group), IND and L-carnitine (NC group), and IND and vitamin E (NE group).', 'Serum OXY levels among non-aspirin users were lower in the mucosal injuries positive group than the negative group (P\u2009<\u20090.05). In the mouse models, the degree of mucosal injuries was lower in NC and NE than N (P\u2009<\u20090.01). Serum d-ROM levels were lower in NC and NE than N (P\u2009<\u20090.01), and OXY levels were higher in NC than N and NE (P\u2009<\u20090.01). The degeneration of intestinal mitochondria was mild in NC and NE. The serum KC/CXCL-1 level and hepatic expression of the anti-oxidant molecule Gpx4 were lower in NC than N.'] Are oxidative stress controlling agents effective for small intestinal injuries induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs?