['To determine if dopamine (D3) receptor genotypes are associated with anovulation and response to ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate.', 'Clinical and laboratory characteristics of anovulatory patients and ovulatory controls were compared with findings at the DNA level.', 'An outpatient clinic at an university medical center.', 'One hundred eighty human Hispanic female volunteers (130 of these with documented ovulatory status) were studied.', 'Genomic DNAs were extracted from each patient. Polymerase chain reaction with subsequent restriction digest was performed to analyze the D3 receptor allele status (two possible alleles).', 'Menstrual history, serum T, and midluteal serum Ps from spontaneous and clomiphene cycles were correlated with D3 receptor genotype.', 'Hispanic females with the 22 genotype compared with the other genotypes (11 and 12) were more likely to have irregular menses, an elevated serum T (> or = 70 ng/dL [conversion factor to SI unit, 3.467]), and hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation. These patients tended to be resistant to ovulation induction requiring a significantly higher dose of clomiphene to achieve an ovulatory response (22 genotype [mean +/- SEM] [140.0 +/- 19.0 mg] versus 11 [77.1 +/- 17.5 mg] or 12 [69.2 +/- 13.1 mg]). This effect was independent of patient age, weight, or serum T level.'] Is a dopamine D3 receptor genotype associated with hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation and resistant to ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate in female Hispanics?