['In a retrospective analysis, adjuvant intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with modern chemotherapy improved advanced gastric cancer survival rates compared to a combination of three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and conventional chemotherapy. We report on the long-term outcomes of two consecutive patient cohorts that were treated with either IMRT and intensive chemotherapy, or 3D-CRT and conventional chemotherapy.', 'Between 2001 and 2008, 65\xa0consecutive gastric cancer patients received either 3D-CRT (n\u2009=\u200927) or IMRT (n\u2009=\u200938) following tumor resection. Chemotherapy comprised predominantly 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid (5-FU/FA) in the earlier cohort and capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) in the latter. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).', 'Median OS times were 18\xa0and 43\xa0months in the 3D-CRT and IMRT groups, respectively (p\u2009=\u20090.0602). Actuarial 5-year OS rates were 26\xa0and 47\u2009\u2009%, respectively. Within the IMRT group, XELOX gave better results than 5-FU/FA in terms of OS, but this difference was not statistically significant. The primary cause of death in both groups was distant metastasis. Median DFS times were 14\xa0and 35\xa0months in the 3D-CRT and IMRT groups, respectively (p\u2009=\u20090.0693). Actuarial 5-year DFS rates were 22 and 44\u2009\u2009%, respectively. Among patients receiving 5-FU/FA, DFS tended to be better in the IMRT group, but this was not statistically significant. A similar analysis for the XELOX group was not possible as 3D-CRT was almost never used to treat these patients. No late toxicity exceeding grade\xa03 or secondary tumors were observed.'] Does adjuvant IMRT/XELOX radiochemotherapy improve long-term overall- and disease-free survival in advanced gastric cancer?