Meyer was found by his employer to have committed scientific fraud by falsifying data. The University of Williamstown, from which Meyer held a PhD, validated this finding and subsequently investigated whether he had falsified data in his doctoral thesis, finding no evidence that he had. But the university decided to revoke Meyer' s PhD anyway. Which one of the following university policies most justifies the decision to revoke Meyer's PhD? ['Anyone who holds a PhD from the University of Williamstown and is found to have committed scientific fraud will have the PhD revoked.', 'Anyone who holds a PhD from the University of Williamstown and is found to have committed academic fraud in the course of pursuing that PhD will have the PhD revoked.', 'No PhD program at the University of Williamstown will admit any applicant who has been determined to have committed any sort of academic fraud.', 'Any University of Williamstown student who is found to have submitted falsified data as academic work will be dismissed from the university.']