The new perfume Aurora smells worse to Joan than any comparably priced perfume, and none of her friends likes the smell of Aurora as much as the smell of other perfumes. However, she and her friends must have a defect in their sense of smell, since Professor Jameson prefers the smell of Aurora to that of any other perfume and she is one of the world' s foremost experts on the physiology of smell. The reasoning is flawed because it ['misrepresents the position against which it is directed', 'calls into question the truthfulness of the opponent rather than addressing the point at issue', 'ignores the well-known fact that someone can prefer one thing to another without liking either very much', 'makes an illegitimate appeal to the authority of an expert']