['In this ex vivo laboratory study, we investigated the effects of E5564 (eritoran), a toll-like receptor 4-directed endotoxin antagonist, on intracellular expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human monocytes assessed by flow cytometry.', 'Whole blood samples from 10 healthy volunteers (average age: 32 +/- 2 years) were pre-incubated with 0.001, 0.003, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1 and 10 ng/ml E5564 for 45 min and after this stimulated with LPS (0.2 ng/ml), a dose we found to be the most effective for stimulation. Samples were incubated for 3 h at 37 degrees C and 5% CO(2). Intracellular expression of IL-6 and TNF-alpha was assessed by flow cytometry.', 'Our investigation showed that E5564 (0.03 ng/ml up to 10 ng/ml) caused a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on IL-6 and TNF-alpha production in LPS-stimulated human monocytes.'] Does e5564 ( Eritoran ) inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production in human blood monocytes?