['Epileptic discharges from the temporal lobe may influence the release of hormones from the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. If epilepsy surgery influences the underlying epileptic disorder one might expect serum hormone concentrations to return to normal following surgery.', 'Twenty-two men with epilepsy aged 25 to 48 years (mean, 34.9 years) were investigated before surgery and at 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. Medication (all patients received carbamazepine) was maintained following surgery.', 'Hormone measurements included luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiol, testosterone, free testosterone, androstenedione, prolactin, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, cortisol, growth hormone, and sex hormone-binding globulin. These hormone levels were compared with those of 105 healthy men (mean age, 33.9 years).', "Fourteen of the 22 patients (63.6%) achieved total seizure control following epilepsy surgery. The 14 patients with successful seizure control entered further analysis. Before surgery these patients' free testosterone and androstenedione concentrations were significantly lower compared with healthy men. In seven of the 14 patients a significant increase of hormone serum concentrations could be demonstrated for testosterone, free testosterone, and androstenedione. Laterality of epileptic focus, enzyme-inducing medication, stress, and the decreasing number of patients during the follow-up did not correlate with the finding of a normalization of serum androgens. PATIENTS without complete seizure control did not show an increase in serum androgen concentrations."] Do serum androgens return to normal after temporal lobe epilepsy surgery in men?