['To compare the reproductive outcome in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) associated with septate uterus after hysteroscopic metroplasty compared with patients who did not undergo surgery.', 'Longitudinal evaluation (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).', 'University of Rome, Tor Vergata-affiliated endoscopic unit.', 'Forty-eight consecutive women with septate uterus and RSA were enrolled in the study.', 'Hysteroscopic metroplasty.', 'Reproductive outcome in terms of term pregnancy was significantly improved after hysteroscopic metroplasty compared with controls (76% vs. 20%). No differences were found in the prevalence of preterm delivery between groups (4% vs. 5%).'] Does hysteroscopic metroplasty improve gestational outcome in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion?