['To evaluate whether non-closure of the visceral peritoneum after total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH) and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) in patients with uterine corpus carcinoma influences the volume of the small intestine within the irradiated volume during adjuvant radiotherapy or late radiation intestinal toxicity.', 'A total of 152 patients after TAH\xa0+\xa0BSO with adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy were studied. The state of peritonealization was retrospectively evaluated based on surgical protocols. The volume of irradiated bowels was calculated by CT-based delineation in a radiotherapy planning system. The influence of visceral peritonealization upon the volume of the small intestine within the irradiated volume and consequent late morbidity was analyzed.', 'Visceral peritonealization was not performed in 70 (46%) of 152 studied patients. The state of peritonealization did not affect the volume of the irradiated small intestine (p\xa0=\xa00.14). Mean volume of bowels irradiated in patients with peritonealization was 488\xa0cm(3) (range 200-840\xa0cm(3), median 469\xa0cm(3)); mean volume of bowels irradiated in patients without peritonealization was 456\xa0cm(3) (range 254-869\xa0cm(3), median 428\xa0cm(3)). We did not prove any significant difference between both arms. Nor did we observe any influence of non-peritonealization upon late intestinal morbidity (p\xa0=\xa00.34).'] Does non-closure of peritoneum after abdominal hysterectomy for uterine carcinoma increase late intestinal radiation morbidity?