['Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of progressive and degenerative visual impairment. Although the exact pathogenic mechanism of AMD is still unknown, clinical observations such as the high accumulation of oxidative products and macrophages in retina suggest the importance of oxidative stress and inflammation in AMD.', 'Mouse photoreceptor-derived 661\xa0W cells and human ARPE-19 cells were treated with oxidized phospholipids (Ox-PC) or H', 'Oxidative damage by both H'] Does oxidative damage induce MCP-1 secretion and macrophage aggregation in age-related macular degeneration ( AMD )?