['The aim was to identify age- related and gender-related differences in the clinical presentation and outcome of patients with primary cutaneous melanoma (CM).', 'A total of 4785 CM patients without clinical evidence of metastasis diagnosed during the period 1976-2001 in southern Germany included in the analysis. Kaplan-Meier analyses were performed to estimate and to compare disease-specific survival (DSS) and survival after first recurrence (SAR). The Cox proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the effect of multiple variables on DSS and SAR.', 'Increasing age and male gender were independently associated with thicker tumors (>2 mm) and histologic ulceration (P< .001). Patients older than 65 years had lower 10-year DSS than younger patients (81.8% vs 88.4%, P< .001) and this difference was more pronounced in women (P< .001) than in men (P= .06). Males had lower 10-year DSS than females (83.5% vs 88.5%, P< .001) but this difference did not reach statistical significance in patients older than 65 years (P= .162). In multivariate analysis adjusted for tumor thickness, ulceration, anatomic site, histologic subtype, DSS, site of first recurrence, time trend, sentinel lymph node status, age, and gender were independent predictors of DSS and SAR (P< .05).'] Are age and gender significant independent predictors of survival in primary cutaneous melanoma?