['We sought to determine whether the addition of nitrous oxide (N(2)O) to an anesthetic with propofol and remifentanil modifies the bispectral index (BIS) during the induction of anesthesia and orotracheal intubation. Thirty ASA physical status I or II patients were randomly allocated to receive either 50% air in oxygen (control group) or 60%-70% N(2)O in oxygen (N(2)O group) that was commenced via a mask simultaneously with the induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia was performed in all the patients with IV propofol at the target effect compartment site concentration of 4 microg/mL throughout the study. A target-controlled infusion (TCI) of remifentanil was initiated 3 min after the TCI of propofol and maintained at the effect-site concentration of 4 ng/mL until the end of the study. After loss of consciousness, and before the administration of vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg, a tourniquet was applied to one arm and inflated to a value more than the systolic blood pressure. An examiner, blinded to the presence of N(2)O, sought to detect any gross movement within the first minute after tracheal intubation, which was performed 10 min after remifentanil TCI began. Inspired and expired oxygen, N(2)O, and carbon dioxide were continuously monitored. A BIS value was generated every 10 s. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate (HR) were measured noninvasively every minute. Measures of mean arterial pressure (MAP), HR, and BIS were obtained before the induction, before the start of the remifentanil TCI, before laryngoscopy, and 5 min after intubation. No significant intergroup differences were seen in BIS, HR, and MAP throughout the study. Maximum changes in BIS, HR, and MAP with intubation were significant (P < 0.01) for both groups but comparable. Six patients in the control group and none in the N(2)O group moved after intubation (P < 0.05).'] Does nitrous oxide prevent movement during orotracheal intubation without affecting BIS value?