['Individuals with high trait anxiety (HTA) can be studied to examine the effect of elevated levels of anxiety on the processing of stimuli and the selection of actions. The anterior cingulate cortex has been implicated in the detection and processing of errors. This investigation examined the hypothesis that HTA subjects are more sensitive to errors than nonanxious comparison subjects during a simple decision-making task and show increased activation in the anterior cingulate, particularly at low error rates.', 'Thirteen HTA subjects were compared with 13 normal trait anxiety (NTA: 40th-60th percentile) subjects during functional magnetic resonance imaging while performing a two-choice prediction task at three different error rates.', 'Both HTA and NTA subjects performed similarly during a simple two-choice prediction task; however, during the low-error-rate condition, activation in the anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex was significantly higher in HTA subjects and was correlated with trait but not state anxiety.'] Is anterior cingulate activation in high trait anxious subjects related to altered error processing during decision making?