['Very little is known about the relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and substance use disorder (SUD). The aim of this study is to compare the co-occurrence of OCD with SUD to the co-occurrence of SUD with other psychiatric disorders in a representative community sample.', 'In order to examine the association of SUD and OCD, logistic regression analyses were used generating odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for life-time prevalence and 12-month prevalence.', '\u2003 Cross-sectional data were derived from the Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS), a large representative sample of the Dutch population (n\u2003=\u20037076).', '\u2003 The Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) 1.1 was used to assess Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Axis I criteria for psychiatric disorders.', '\u2003 The life-time and 12-month odds of being diagnosed with SUD in subjects with OCD are significantly higher than the odds of SUD for people without a psychiatric disorder. In men, the co-occurrence of substance dependence and OCD is significantly higher than the co-occurrence of substance dependence and other psychiatric disorders, whereas in women this co-occurrence does not differ significantly.'] Do co-occurrence of obsessive-compulsive disorder and substance use disorder in the general population?