['Impaired allostimulatory function of dendritic cells in patients with AIDS has been reported previously. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) can restore the T-cell stimulatory function in transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1)-inhibited murine accessory cells. We now report the effect of intravenous recombinant human GM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) on accessory cells of HIV-infected patients.', 'The in vivo effect of GM-CSF on allostimulatory function of accessory cells was evaluated. Seventeen individuals with AIDS received a single infusion of rhGM-CSF (125 mg/m(2) over 120 minutes). Samples of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) were taken at 1, 5, and 24 hours after infusion, and the allostimulatory capacity was measured.', 'A single bolus infusion of rhGM-CSF resulted in significantly increased accessory cell function in 13/17 (88%) patients at one or more assayed time points after infusion.'] Does granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( GM-CSF ) restore allostimulatory function to accessory cells in patients with AIDS?