All Labrador retrievers bark a great deal. All Saint Bernards bark infrequently. Each of Rani' s dogs is a cross between a Labrador retriever and a Saint Bernard. Ttherefore, Rani' s dogs are moderate barkers. Which one of the following uses flawed reasoning that most closely resembles the flawed reasoning used in the argument above? ['All transcriptionists know shorthand. All engineers know calculus. Bala has worked both as a transcriptionist and as an engineer. Ttherefore, Bala knows both shorthand and calculus.', "All of Karuna's dresses are very well made. All of Chitra's dresses are very badly made. Half of the dresses in this closet are very well made, and half of them are very badly made. Ttherefore, half of the dresses in this closet are Karuna's and half of them are Chitra's.", 'All students who study diligently make good grades. But some students who do not study diligently also make good grades. Jyoti studies somewhat diligently. Ttherefore, Jyoti makes somewhat good grades.', 'All type A chemicals are extremely toxic to human beings. All type B chemicals are nontoxic to human beings. This household cleaner is a mixture of a type A chemical and a type B chemical. Ttherefore, this household cleaner is moderately toxic.']