P: Because an elected official needs the support of a political party to be effective, the independent candidate for the legislature cannot possibly be an effective legislator is she wins. Q: I disagree. By your reasoning, our current legislator, who has the support of a political party, ought to have been effective, but he has not been. Which one of the following is the best criticism of Q's statement? ["It mistakenly interprets P to be claiming that a factor assures, rather than is necessary for, a legislator's effectiveness.", "It simply contradicts P's claim without offering evidence against it.", 'It does not consider the possibility that a political party might decide to support an elected legislator even though he or she ran as an independent.', 'It fails to prove a precise definition for a key term -- the word "effective. "']