['We investigated the role of neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapies on survival for resectable biliary tract cancer. We hypothesized that neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy should improve the survival probability in these patients.', "This was a retrospective review of a prospective database of patients resected for gallbladder cancer (GBC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC). One hundred fifty-seven patients underwent resection for primary GBC (n\u2009=\u200963) and CC (n\u2009=\u200994). Fisher's exact test, Student's t test, the log-rank test, and a Cox proportional hazard model determined significant differences.", 'The 5-year overall survival rate after resection of GBC and CC was 50.6 % and 30.4 %, respectively. Of the patients, 17.8 % received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, 48.7 % received adjuvant chemotherapy, while 15.8 % received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Patients with negative margins of at least 1 cm had a 5-year survival rate of 52.4 % (p\u2009<\u20090.01). Adjuvant therapy did not significantly prolong survival. Neoadjuvant therapy delayed surgical resection on average for 6.8 months (p\u2009<\u20090.0001). Immediate resection increased median survival from 42.3 to 53.5 months (p\u2009=\u20090.01).'] Does neither neoadjuvant nor adjuvant therapy increase survival after biliary tract cancer resection with wide negative margins?