['We previously identified association between the ID3 SNP rs11574 and carotid intima-media thickness in the Diabetes Heart Study, a predominantly White diabetic population. The nonsynonymous SNP rs11574 results in an amino acid substitution in the C-terminal region of ID3, attenuating the dominant negative function of ID3 as an inhibitor of basic HLH factor E12-mediated transcription. In the current investigation, we characterize the association between the functionally significant polymorphism in ID3, rs11574, with human coronary pathology.', 'The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is a longitudinal study of subclinical cardiovascular disease, including non-Hispanic White (n\u200a=\u200a2,588), African American (n\u200a=\u200a2,560) and Hispanic (n\u200a=\u200a2,130) participants with data on coronary artery calcium (CAC). The Coronary Assessment in Virginia cohort (CAVA) included 71 patients aged 30-80 years, undergoing a medically necessary cardiac catheterization and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) at the University of Virginia. ID3 SNP rs11574 risk allele was associated with the presence of CAC in MESA Whites (P\u200a=\u200a0.017). In addition, the risk allele was associated with greater atheroma burden and stenosis in the CAVA cohort (P\u200a=\u200a0.003, P\u200a=\u200a0.04 respectively). The risk allele remained predictive of atheroma burden in multivariate analysis (Model 1: covariates age, gender, and LDL, regression coefficient\u200a=\u200a9.578, SE\u200a=\u200a3.657, p\u200a=\u200a0.0110; Model 2: covariates Model 1, presence of hypertension, presence of diabetes, regression coefficient\u200a=\u200a8.389, SE\u200a=\u200a4.788, p\u200a=\u200a0.0163).'] Is a functionally significant polymorphism in ID3 associated with human coronary pathology?