['Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a rate-limiting enzyme in heme degradation, leading to the generation of free iron, biliverdin, and carbon monoxide (CO). CO exerts potent antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory effects in the vascular walls, thereby influencing neointimal formation after vascular injury. A dinucleotide GT repeat in the promotor region of human HO-1 gene shows a length polymorphism that modulates the level of gene transcription. This study aimed to assess the association of the length of (GT)(n)repeats in HO-1 gene promotor with restenosis and adverse cardiac events after coronary stenting.', 'Quantitative coronary angiography was evaluated before, immediately after and 6 months after stent implantation in 323 consecutive patients with successful coronary stenting. In each patient, the allele frequency of (GT)(n)repeats in HO-1 gene promotor was examined. Compared with those with shorter (S, <26) GT repeats, patients with longer (L, > or =26) GT repeats on either allele had more frequent angiographic restenosis with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 3.74 (95% confidence interval, 1.61 to 8.70, P=0.002). Such association was even more prominent in patients with small coronary arteries or complex lesions before stenting. Besides, carriers of L/L genotype had an increased risk (adjusted OR, 3.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.58 to 6.72, P=0.001) for adverse cardiac events during follow-up.'] Is heme oxygenase-1 gene promotor microsatellite polymorphism associated with angiographic restenosis after coronary stenting?