['Human intravenous IgG (IVIG) containing specific antibodies protects neonatal rats from septic death. However, IVIG has immunosuppressive properties and clinical trials of IVIG in neonates at risk for sepsis have yielded conflicting results.', 'This study was designed to test the hypothesis that nonspecific antibodies in IVIG reduce survival in neonatal rats infected with Escherichia coli.', 'Specific antibodies were adsorbed from IVIG with E. coli to produce IVIG/anti-E. coli-. After transthoracic administration of E. coli, survival was determined in neonatal rats injected intraperitoneally with phosphate-buffered saline, IVIG/anti-E. coli- (500 mg/kg) or IVIG containing anti-E. coli antibodies (IVIG/anti-E. coli+). Complement-mediated hemolytic activity of neonatal rat serum was quantified using sensitized sheep erythrocytes.', 'Compared with placebo, intraperitoneal IVIG/anti-E. coli- reduced neonatal survival after E. coli infection. In contrast, IVIG/anti-E. coli+ protected infected animals. Both IVIG/anti-E. coli- and IVIG/anti-E. coli+ impaired the complement-mediated hemolytic activity of neonatal rat serum.'] Does nonspecific human IgG reduce survival in neonatal rats infected with Escherichia coli?