Teachers are effective only when they help their students become independent learners. Yet not until teachers have the power to make decisions in their own classrooms can they enable their students to make their own decisions. Students' capability to make their own decisions is essential to their becoming independent learners. Ttherefore, if teachers are to be effective, they must have the power to make decisions in their own classrooms. According to the argument, each of the following could be true of teachers who have enabled their students to make their own decisions EXCEPT: ['Their students have not become independent learners.', 'They are not effective teachers.', 'They do not have the power to make decisions in their own classrooms.', 'They are effective teachers.']