['Pancreatic islet amyloid deposition is a characteristic feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) is co-secreted with insulin, but its secretion profile and relationship to insulin and C-peptide in response to glucose and non-glucose stimuli has not been clearly defined.', 'Forty subjects (13 NGT, 12 IGT and 15 T2DM) participated in an OGTT and two-step hyperglycemic (225 and 400\xa0mg/dl) clamp (80\xa0min/step) followed by an IV arginine bolus. Acute insulin (AIR), C-peptide (ACPR) and IAPP (AIAR) responses during each hyperglycemic step and following arginine (AIR', 'AIR and ACPR during both hyperglycemic steps and after arginine progressively decreased from NGT to IGT to T2DM. Fasting IAPP concentrations were higher in T2DM compared to NGT and IGT subjects. The acute IAPP'] Is islet amyloid polypeptide response to maximal hyperglycemia and arginine altered in impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus?