['In addition to patient self-efficacy, spouse confidence in patient efficacy may also independently predict patient health outcomes. However, the potential influence of spouse confidence has received little research attention.', 'The current study examined the influence of patient and spouse efficacy beliefs for arthritis management on patient health.', "Patient health (i.e., arthritis severity, perceived health, depressive symptoms, lower extremity function), patient self-efficacy, and spouse confidence in patients' efficacy were assessed in a sample of knee osteoarthritis patients (N\u2009=\u2009152) and their spouses at three time points across an 18-month period. Data were analyzed using structural equation models.", 'Consistent with predictions, spouse confidence in patient efficacy for arthritis management predicted improvements in patient depressive symptoms, perceived health, and lower extremity function over 6\xa0months and in arthritis severity over 1\xa0year.'] Does spouse confidence in self-efficacy for arthritis management predict improved patient health?