['Vascular endothelial inflammation, including the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), is a key event in vascular diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of ICAM-1 are largely unknown.', 'To investigate the mechanisms on the regulation of ICAM-1 by NOP2/Sun domain family, member 2 (NSun2)-mediated mRNA methylation and the impact of NSun2-ICAM-1 regulatory process in vascular inflammation and allograft arteriosclerosis.', 'By using in vitro, in cells, and in vivo methylation assays, we showed that the tRNA methyltransferase NSun2 methylated the ICAM-1 mRNA. Methylation by NSun2 promoted the translation of ICAM-1, thereby increasing the adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells. Tumor necrosis factor-α or homocysteine activated the methyltransferase activity of NSun2 by repressing the phosphorylation of NSun2 by Aurora-B. The levels of ICAM-1 induction and of leukocyte adhesion to vascular endothelium observed with homocysteine treatment in wild-type rats were markedly decreased in NSun2(-/-) rats. In a rat model of aortic allograft, the lack of donor NSun2 impaired the formation of allograft arteriosclerosis.'] Does nSun2 Deficiency protect Endothelium From Inflammation via mRNA Methylation of ICAM-1?