Government functions and costs have been controversial, but research in this area seems to be in a state where opinions and positions are far from being consistent. One important reason is the limitation of research perspectives and methods. Generally speaking, there are two types of research One is to abide by the presuppositions of neo-classical economic theory, that the market can effectively solve problems in economic and social development, and hold the view of "small government"; the other is to abide by the presuppositions of government interventionism, that the government's intervention from time to time Necessary conditions for healthy operation. I believe that to solve this dilemma, we must have a new theoretical perspective and new research methods, and the emerging classical economic theory is one of them. This text is most likely to tell next:. ['Theoretical framework and research methods of emerging classical economy.', 'How can the new theoretical perspective help improve the administrative efficiency of the government?', 'Limitations of Presuppositions in Neoclassical Economics.', 'Reasons for the inconsistency between government functions and costs.']