['To determine the prevalence, associated correlates and impact of oral pain in 12-year-old schoolchildren in Stayroypoli, Greece.', 'Cross-sectional survey of all schoolchildren attending the last year of government primary schools using self-administered questionnaires. Approval was granted by the Greek Ministry of Education and Religion. Cooperation was obtained from the schools. Children whose parents did not refuse their participation were invited to complete a questionnaire. Oral pain prevalence was estimated and association with sociodemographic/economic factors tested. Associations between pain experience and impact on daily activities were examined.', 'Of the 296 children registered, 225 (76.0%) were present on the days data were collected. Usable questionnaires were completed by 187 children (83.1%). Oral pain in the previous 4 weeks, reported by 70 (37.4%), was more likely to affect children living with one parent/other people (OR 3.0, 95% CI = 1.2-7.4, P = 0.013) and those who brushed less than twice a day (OR 2.8, 1.5-5.2, P = 0.001). Impact on daily activities was reported by 64 children (91.4%). The most commonly stated impacts were eating (40.0%), cleaning teeth (25.7%) and sleeping (18.6%).'] Is family structure associated with oral pain in 12-year-old Greek schoolchildren?