['To determine the improvements of post-infarction heart function after transplantation of autologous skeletal myoblasts transfected with VEGF165 in rabbits.', 'Myocardium infarction was induced in rabbits by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. At 2 weeks, 1.75×10(7) autologous skeletal myoblasts transfected with pcDNA3.1-VEGF165 were infused into the region of MI via direct intramuscular injection; pcDNA3.1 served as a control.', 'The DAPI-labeled and Desmin-positive immunostained skeletal myofibers were found throughout the infracted areas and border zones, and the density of blood capillary in the MI region transplanted by myoblasts with VEGF165 was increased (measured 4 weeks later and compared with controls). Heart function was examined by the Buxco system and demonstrated that maximum dp/dt [(1607.23±102.67) mmHg/s vs (1217.77±89.91) mmHg/s] and minimum dp/dt [(-1535.09 ± 81.34) mmHg/s vs (1174.58 ± 91.5) mmHg/s] were improved in the heart transplanted with the transfected myoblasts(P<0.05).'] Does [ Transplantation of autologous myoblasts transfected with VEGF165 improve heart function after myocardial infarction in rabbits ]?