The radio station claims that its new format is popular with listeners because more than three-quarters of the listeners who call in requests to the station say they are pleased with the format. This, however, is hardly conclusive. It would be like trying to determine whether a political candidate is popular with voters by interviewing only those people who have already decided to vote for the candidate. The argument proceeds by ['claiming that an inference leads to a contradiction in order to show that the inference is unreasonable', 'referring to an inference that is clearly flawed in order to undermine an analogous inference', 'questioning the legitimacy of an inference by proposing a more reasonable inference that could be drawn from the evidence', 'providing a direct counterexample to a conclusion in order to show that the conclusion is false']