Some people believe that saying that an organization is hierarchical says everything there is to say about how that organization operates. All bureaucratically controlled organizations are hierarchical. Yet the Public Works Department, although bureaucratically controlled, operates quite differently than most other bureaucratically controlled organizations operate. If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also be true on the basis of them? ['Not all hierarchical organizations operate in the same way.', 'The Public Works Department operates more like a nonbureaucratically controlled organization than like a bureaucratically controlled organization.', 'Whether or not an organization is bureaucratically controlled has nothing to do with how that organization operates.', 'From the fact that a given organization is hierarchical nothing can reliably be concluded about how that organization operates.']