['Paraplegia after thoracoabdominal aortic surgery is a devastating complication attributed to motor neurons loss and dysfunction, due to spinal cord ischemia. β-Catenin is a protein that has been associated with cell survival and healing and many studies have correlated this protein with late ischemic preconditioning (IPC). Herein we investigate the potential contribution of β-catenin in an early IPC animal model, and its relationship with heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70), suggesting a possible role of this protein as a first window of protection.', 'A total of 42 pigs were used in an experimental thoracoabdominal aortic occlusion model. Twelve animals were used for neurologic evaluation and were randomly assigned to 2 groups (A and B). The remaining 30 animals were used in experiments for biologic measurements and innunohistochemical studies, and were randomly assigned to 5 groups (1-5). Western blotting analysis and immunoprecipitations were performed to study the levels of β-catenin and its binding relationship with Hsp70. The cellular distribution of β-catenin at various time-points was investigated by immunohistochemical studies.', 'According to neurologic evaluation, the animals in the IPC+ischemia group had significantly better neurologic scores compared with those in the ischemia group, indicating a protective role for IPC. The biologic measurements demonstrated a significant (P=0.03) increase in β-catenin levels and translocation of the protein in the nucleus at the end of ischemic preconditioning.'] Does spinal cord early ischemic preconditioning activate the stabilized fraction of β-catenin after thoracoabdominal aortic occlusion in pigs?