['We objectively measured body composition, energy expenditure, caloric intake and sleep in a large, diverse sample of healthy men and women and determined how energy balance and diet associated with sleep physiology.', "Healthy adults (n=50; 21-50y) participated in an in-laboratory study involving two baseline sleep nights (BL1-2, 10h time-in-bed/night, 2200h-0800h). Polysomnography was recorded on BL2. Demographic information, body composition and energy expenditure measurements were collected at study admittance and on BL1. Daily food/drink intake was recorded both before (on BL1) and after (on BL2) the sleep measurement. Partial Pearson's correlations assessed the relationship between energy balance and sleep physiology variables.", "At baseline, greater fat-free mass associated with lower total sleep time (r=-0.52, p=0.030), lower sleep efficiency (r=-0.53, p=0.004), and greater wake after sleep onset (r=0.55, p=0.002). Higher body fat percentage (r=0.39, p=0.038) and being overweight (BMI 25-30; p=0.026) associated with more rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Higher protein intake (r's=0.46-0.52; p's<0.001-0.002) and lower carbohydrate intake (r's=-0.31--0.34; p's=0.027-0.046) on BL1 and BL2 associated with more REM sleep, and greater fiber consumption on BL1 and BL2 associated with more slow-wave sleep (SWS; r's=0.33-0.35; p's=0.02-0.03). More SWS related to increased carbohydrate intake the following day (BL2, r=0.32, p=0.037)."] Are objective measurements of energy balance associated with sleep architecture in healthy adults?