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test_200	what is the share of agriculture in indian economy?	n/a	[ "17.32%", "23%" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16203522", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nAgriculture in India The history of Agriculture in India dates back to Indus Valley Civilization Era and even before that in some parts of Southern India. India ranks second worldwide in farm outputs. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for 15.4% of the GDP (gross domestic product) in 2016 with about 31% of the workforce in 2014. India ranks first globally with highest net cropped area followed by US and China. The economic contribution of agriculture to India's GDP is steadily declining with the country's broad-based economic growth. Still, agriculture is demographically the broadest economic sector and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5758912", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nits construction, retail, software, IT, communications, hospitality, infrastructure operations, education, healthcare, banking and insurance, and many other economic activities. India ranks second worldwide in farm output. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry, logging and fishing accounted for 17% of the GDP.The sector employed 49% of its total workforce in 2014. Agriculture accounted for 23% of GDP, and employed 59% of the country's total workforce in 2016. As the Indian economy has diversified and grown, agriculture's contribution to GDP has steadily declined from 1951 to 2011, yet it is still the country's largest employment source and a significant piece of its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584398", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nin recent decades. In 2009–10, remittances from Indian migrants overseas stood at , the highest in the world, but their share in FDI remained low at around 1%. Agriculture is an important part of the Indian economy. At around , India has the second-largest amount of arable land, after the US, with 52% of total land under cultivation. Although the total land area of the country is only slightly more than one third of China or the US, India's arable land is marginally smaller than that of the US, and marginally larger than that of China. However, agricultural output lags", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5758913", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\noverall socio-economic development. Crop-yield-per-unit-area of all crops has grown since 1950, due to the special emphasis placed on agriculture in the five-year plans and steady improvements in irrigation, technology, application of modern agricultural practices and provision of agricultural credit and subsidies since the Green Revolution in India. However, international comparisons reveal the average yield in India is generally 30% to 50% of the highest average yield in the world. The states of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar, West Bengal, Gujarat and Maharashtra are key contributors to Indian agriculture. India receives an average annual rainfall of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10742978", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nproblems in Indian agriculture and its marketing. Kandawale is one of such e-commerce website which sells Indian Red Onions to bulk users direct from farmers, reducing unnecessary cost escalations. Agriculture in India The history of Agriculture in India dates back to Indus Valley Civilization Era and even before that in some parts of Southern India. India ranks second worldwide in farm outputs. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry and fisheries accounted for 15.4% of the GDP (gross domestic product) in 2016 with about 31% of the workforce in 2014. India ranks first globally with highest net cropped area followed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9004817", "chunk_text": "\"Farming systems in India\"\n10 thousand years. Currently the country holds the second position in agricultural production in the world. In 2007, agriculture and other industries made up more than 16% of India's GDP. Despite the steady decline in agriculture's contribution to the country's GDP, agriculture is the biggest industry in the country and plays a key role in the socioeconomic growth of the country. India is the second biggest producer of wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane, silk, groundnuts, and dozens more. It is also the second biggest harvester of vegetables and fruit, representing 8.6% and 10.9% of overall production, respectively. The major fruits produced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5805756", "chunk_text": "\"Monsoon of South Asia\"\nEarth given the quantity of their rainfall, though there are other cities with similar claims. They receive more than 11,000 millimeters of rain each from the monsoon. In India, which has historically had a primarily agrarian economy, the services sector recently overtook the farm sector in terms of GDP contribution. However, the agriculture sector still contributes 17-20% of GDP and is the largest employer in the country, with about 60% of Indians dependent on it for employment and livelihood. About 49% of India's land is agricultural; that number rises to 55% if associated wetlands, dryland farming areas, etc., are included.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4215645", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\n159.7 million hectares (394.6 million acres) is the second largest in the world, after the United States. Its gross irrigated crop area of 82.6 million hectares (215.6 million acres) is the largest in the world. India is among the top three global producers of many crops, including wheat, rice, pulses, cotton, peanuts, fruits and vegetables. Worldwide, , India had the largest herds of buffalo and cattle, is the largest producer of milk and has one of the largest and fastest growing poultry industries. The following table presents the 20 most important agricultural products in India, by economic value, in 2009.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2859808", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\n2010, only about 35% of agricultural land in India was reliably irrigated. About 2/3rd cultivated land in India is dependent on monsoons. The improvements in irrigation infrastructure in the last 50 years have helped India improve food security, reduce dependence on monsoons, improve agricultural productivity and create rural job opportunities. Dams used for irrigation projects have helped provide drinking water to a growing rural population, control flood and prevent drought-related damage to agriculture. , India had a large and diverse agricultural sector, accounting, on average, for about 16% of GDP and 10% of export earnings. India's arable land area of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1288118", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nbegan adopting improved methods and technologies in dairying, fisheries and livestock, and meeting the diversified food needs of a growing population. As with rice, the lasting benefits of improved seeds and improved farming technologies now largely depends on whether India develops infrastructure such as irrigation network, flood control systems, reliable electricity production capacity, all-season rural and urban highways, cold storage to prevent spoilage, modern retail, and competitive buyers of produce from Indian farmers. This is increasingly the focus of Indian agriculture policy. India ranks 74 out of 113 major countries in terms of food security index. India's agricultural economy is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16203553", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nof the country because of lack of water. In other areas regional floods, poor seed quality and inefficient farming practices, lack of cold storage and harvest spoilage cause over 30% of farmer's produce going to waste, lack of organised retail and competing buyers thereby limiting Indian farmer's ability to sell the surplus and commercial crops. The Indian farmer receives just 10% to 23% of the price the Indian consumer pays for exactly the same produce, the difference going to losses, inefficiencies and middlemen. Farmers in developed economies of Europe and the United States receive 64% to 81%. Although India has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10115447", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nit the seventh largest agricultural exporter worldwide, and the sixth largest net exporter. This represents explosive growth, as in 2004 net export were about $5 billion. India is the fastest growing exporter of agricultural products over a 10-year period, its $39 billion of net exports is more than double the combined exports of the European Union (EU-28). It has become one of the world's largest supplier of rice, cotton, sugar and wheat. India exported around 2 million metric tonnes of wheat and 2.1 million metric tonnes of rice in 2011 to Africa, Nepal, Bangladesh and other regions around the world.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13067077", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nProcess Outsourcing (BPO) services, and software services with $154 billion revenue in FY 2017. This is the fastest-growing part of the economy. The IT industry continues to be the largest private-sector employer in India. India is the third-largest start-up hub in the world with over 3,100 technology start-ups in 2014–15. The agricultural sector is the largest employer in India's economy but contributes to a declining share of its GDP (17% in 2013–14). India ranks second worldwide in farm output. The industry (manufacturing) sector has held a steady share of its economic contribution (26% of GDP in 2013–14). The Indian automobile", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4128879", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nto protecting minority investors or getting credit. The strong efforts taken by the Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP) to boost ease of doing business rankings at the state level is said to impact the overall rankings of India. The following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2017. Inflation under 5% is in green. Historically, India has classified and tracked its economy and GDP in three sectors: agriculture, industry and services. Agriculture includes crops, horticulture, milk and animal husbandry, aquaculture, fishing, sericulture, aviculture, forestry and related activities. Industry includes various manufacturing sub-sectors. India's definition of services sector includes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584393", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\naccounted for about 52.1% of the total workforce in 2009–10. While agriculture employment has fallen over time in percentage of labour employed, services which includes construction and infrastructure have seen a steady growth accounting for 20.3% of employment in 2012–13. Of the total workforce, 7% is in the organised sector, two-thirds of which are in the government-controlled public sector. About 51.2% of the workforce in India is self-employed. According to a 2005–06 survey, there is a gender gap in employment and salaries. In rural areas, both men and women are primarily self-employed, mostly in agriculture. In urban areas, salaried work", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10027141", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nand a total annual precipitation of 4000 billion cubic metres, with the total utilisable water resources, including surface and groundwater, amounting to 1123 billion cubic metres. of the land area, or about 39% of the total cultivated area, is irrigated. India's inland water resources and marine resources provide employment to nearly six million people in the fisheries sector. In 2010, India had the world's sixth-largest fishing industry. India is the largest producer of milk, jute and pulses, and has the world's second-largest cattle population with 170 million animals in 2011. It is the second-largest producer of rice, wheat, sugarcane, cotton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5064744", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nfocus on improving rural infrastructure primarily in the form of irrigation and flood control infrastructure, knowledge transfer of better yielding and more disease resistant seeds. Additionally, cold storage, hygienic food packaging and efficient modern retail to reduce waste can improve output and rural incomes. The low productivity in India is a result of the following factors: In 2012, the National Crime Records Bureau of India reported 13,754 farmer suicides. Farmer suicides account for 11.2% of all suicides in India. Activists and scholars have offered a number of conflicting reasons for farmer suicides, such as monsoon failure, high debt burdens, genetically", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4128853", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nthe workforce also in the secondary and tertiary sectors, higher than in Europe, where 65–90% of its workforce were in agriculture in 1700 and 65–75% were in agriculture in 1750. Agricultural production increased under Mughal agrarian reforms, with Indian agriculture being advanced compared to Europe at the time, such as the widespread use of the seed drill among Indian peasants before its adoption in European agriculture, and higher per-capita agricultural output and standards of consumption. The Mughal Empire had a thriving industrial manufacturing economy, with India producing about 25% of the world's industrial output up until 1750, making it the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584400", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nfact that only 46% of the total cultivable land was irrigated resulting in farmers still being dependent on rainfall, specifically the monsoon season, which is often inconsistent and unevenly distributed across the country. In an effort to bring an additional two crore hectares (20 million hectares; 50 million acres) of land under irrigation, various schemes have been attempted, including the Accelerated Irrigation Benefit Programme (AIBP) which was provided 80,000 crore (800 billion) in the union budget. Farming incomes are also hampered by lack of food storage and distribution infrastructure; a third of India's agricultural production is lost from spoilage. Corruption", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13067116", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nprocessing units in Kollam, Kerala. India's foodgrain production remained stagnant at approximately 252 million tonnes (MT) during both the 2015–16 and 2014–15 crop years (July–June). India exports several agriculture products, such as Basmati rice, wheat, cereals, spices, fresh fruits, dry fruits, buffalo beef meat, cotton, tea, coffee and other cash crops particularly to the Middle East, Southeast and East Asian countries. About 10 percent of its export earnings come from this trade. Industry accounts for 26% of GDP and employs 22% of the total workforce. According to the World Bank, India's industrial manufacturing GDP output in 2015 was 6th largest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14406855", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nundergoing structural changes. Between 1970 and 2011, the GDP share of agriculture has fallen from 43% to 16%. This isn't because of reduced importance of agriculture or a consequence of agricultural policy. This is largely because of the rapid economic growth in services, industrial output, and non-agricultural sectors in India between 2000 and 2010. Agricultural scientist MS Swaminathan has played a vital role in the green revolution. In 2013 NDTV awarded him as 25 living legend of India for outstanding contribution to agriculture and making India a food sovereign country. Two states, Sikkim and Kerala have planned to shift fully", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2859812", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nby an Indian farmer, Sumant Kumar, with 22.4 tonnes per hectare in Bihar, also in a demonstration plot. These farmers claim to have employed newly developed rice breeds and system of rice intensification (SRI), a recent innovation in farming. The claimed Chinese and Indian yields have yet to be demonstrated on 7 hectare farm lots and that these are reproducible over two consecutive years on the same farm. The total production and economic value of horticultural produce, such as fruits, vegetables and nuts has doubled in India over the 10-year period from 2002 to 2012. In 2012, the production from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14505360", "chunk_text": "\"Economic development in India\"\nFY 2015-16 and FY 2016-17 Respectively as Major Reforms had Been Taken Place like Demonitisation and Implementation of GST in FY 2016-17 the Economic Growth has Been Slow Down in 2017-18 as it is Expected to Grow at 6.7 and Forecasted to Rebound by 8.2% in 2018-19. India ranks second worldwide in farm output. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry, logging and fishing accounted for 18.6% of the GDP in 2005, employed 60% of the total workforce and despite a steady decline of its share in the GDP, is still the largest economic sector and plays a significant role in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584399", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nfar behind its potential. The low productivity in India is a result of several factors. According to the World Bank, India's large agricultural subsidies are distorting what farmers grow and hampering productivity-enhancing investment. Over-regulation of agriculture has increased costs, price risks and uncertainty, and governmental intervention in labour, land, and credit are hurting the market. Infrastructure such as rural roads, electricity, ports, food storage, retail markets and services remain inadequate. The average size of land holdings is very small, with 70% of holdings being less than one hectare (2.5 acres) in size. Irrigation facilities are inadequate, as revealed by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3696976", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\n85.9 million tonnes of wheat, a 6.4% increase from a year earlier. Rice output in India hit a new record at 95.3 million tonnes, a 7% increase from the year earlier. Lentils and many other food staples production also increased year over year. Indian farmers, thus produced about 71 kilograms of wheat and 80 kilograms of rice for every member of Indian population in 2011. The per capita supply of rice every year in India is now higher than the per capita consumption of rice every year in Japan. India exported $39 billion worth of agricultural products in 2013, making", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16203552", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\n2.5, 2.5, 3.0, 2.6, and 1.8% per annum. Corresponding analyses for the index of total agricultural production show a similar pattern, with the growth rate for 1994-2000 attaining only 1.5% per annum. The biggest problem of farmers is the low price for their farm produce. A recent study showed that proper pricing based on energy of production and equating farming wages to Industrial wages may be beneficial for the farmers. India has very poor rural roads affecting timely supply of inputs and timely transfer of outputs from Indian farms. Irrigation systems are inadequate, leading to crop failures in some parts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5801178", "chunk_text": "\"Women in India\"\nthe labour force. In overall farm production, women's average contribution is estimated at 55% to 66% of the total labour. According to a 1991 World Bank report, women accounted for 94% of total employment in dairy production in India. Women constitute 51% of the total employed in forest-based small-scale enterprises. In 2017, a study by Monster Salary Index (MSI) showed the overall gender pay gap in India was 20 percent. It found that the gap was narrower in the early years of experience. While men with 0–2 years of experience earned 7.8 percent higher median wages than women, in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584317", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nAsian countries. Since 1965, the use of high-yielding varieties of seeds, increased fertilisers and improved irrigation facilities collectively contributed to the Green Revolution in India, which improved the condition of agriculture by increasing crop productivity, improving crop patterns and strengthening forward and backward linkages between agriculture and industry. However, it has also been criticised as an unsustainable effort, resulting in the growth of capitalistic farming, ignoring institutional reforms and widening income disparities. Subsequently, the Emergency and Garibi Hatao concept under which income tax levels at one point rose to a maximum of 97.5% – a world record for non-communist economies", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19038084", "chunk_text": "\"History of agriculture in the Indian subcontinent\"\nforced non-farmers into farming, and the absence of suitable counseling services. Since independence, India has become one of the largest producers of wheat, edible oil, potato, spices, rubber, tea, fishing, fruits, and vegetables in the world. The Ministry of Agriculture oversees activities relating to agriculture in India. Various institutions for agriculture related research in India were organised under the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (est. 1929). Other organisations such as the National Dairy Development Board (est. 1965), and National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (est. 1982) aided the formation of cooperatives and improved financing. The contribution of agriculture in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1990164", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nworld's second largest producer of the following agricultural products: In 2009, India was the world's third largest producer of eggs, oranges, coconuts, tomatoes, peas and beans. In addition to growth in total output, agriculture in India has shown an increase in average agricultural output per hectare in last 60 years. The table below presents average farm productivity in India over three farming years for some crops. Improving road and power generation infrastructure, knowledge gains and reforms has allowed India to increase farm productivity between 40% to 500% over 40 years. India's recent accomplishments in crop yields while being impressive, are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2365285", "chunk_text": "\"Women in agriculture in India\"\nWomen in agriculture in India India has a national tradition bound to agriculture fertility. In the North, the Indus valley and Brahmaputra region are critical agricultural areas graced by the Ganges and monsoon season. Based on 2011 World Bank data, only 17.5% of India's gross domestic product (GDP) is accounted for by agricultural production. Yet for a majority of the country, an estimated 72% of the 1.1 billion people who live in rural India, it is a way of life. Agriculture in India defines familial tradition, social relations and gender roles. Female in the agricultural sector, whether through traditional means", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12367096", "chunk_text": "\"Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare\"\nthe bulk of wage goods required by non-agriculture sectors and most of the raw materials for the industries sector. India is a largely agrarian economy - with 52.1% of the population estimated to directly or indirectly employed in agriculture and allied sectors in 2009-10. The combined efforts of Central Government, State Governments and the farming community have succeeded in achieving record production of 244.78 million tonnes of foodgrains during 2010-11. This record production has been achieved through effective transfer of newly developed crop production technologies to farmers under various crop development schemes, such as the Agriculture MMP, which is run", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14410972", "chunk_text": "Slum\npopulation has increased at a far greater rate than the total amount of arable land, even as agriculture contributes a much smaller percentage of the total economy. For example, in India, agriculture accounted for 52% of its GDP in 1954 and only 19% in 2004; in Brazil, the 2005 GDP contribution of agriculture is one-fifth of its contribution in 1951. Agriculture, meanwhile, has also become higher yielding, less disease prone, less physically harsh and more efficient with tractors and other equipment. The proportion of people working in agriculture has declined by 30% over the last 50 years, while global population", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9621002", "chunk_text": "\"Women in agriculture in India\"\nor industrial, for subsistence or as an agricultural laborer, represents a momentous demographic group. Agriculture is directly tied to issues such as economic independence, decision-making abilities, agency and access to education and health services and this manner has created externalities such as poverty and marginalization, and compounded issues of gender inequality.* Based on 2012 data, India is home to the fourth largest agricultural sector in the world. India has an estimated 180 million hectares of farmland with 140 million of which are planted and continuously cultivated. Yet India's agricultural profile is shadowed by the controversial impacts of Green Revolution policies", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5064743", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nUnion. No single state of India is best in every crop. Tamil Nadu achieved highest yields in rice and sugarcane, Haryana in wheat and coarse grains, Karnataka in cotton, Bihar in pulses, while other states do well in horticulture, aquaculture, flower and fruit plantations. These differences in agricultural productivity are a function of local infrastructure, soil quality, micro-climates, local resources, farmer knowledge and innovations. The Indian food distribution system is highly inefficient. Movement of agricultural produce is heavily regulated, with inter-state and even inter-district restrictions on marketing and movement of agricultural goods. One study suggests Indian agricultural policy should best", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3967256", "chunk_text": "\"Women in agriculture in India\"\nfor their livelihood is as high as 84%. Women make up about 33% of cultivators and about 47% percent of agricultural laborers. These statistics do not account for work in livestock, fisheries and various other ancillary forms of food production in the country. In 2009, 94% of the female agricultural labor force in crop cultivation were in cereal production, while 1.4% worked in vegetable production, and 3.72% were engaged in fruits, nuts, beverages, and spice crops. Women's participation rate in the agricultural sectors is about 47% in tea plantations, 46.84% in cotton cultivation, 45.43% growing oil seeds and 39.13% in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13584365", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\norganised retail. Compliance with over thirty regulations such as \"\"signboard licences\"\" and \"\"anti-hoarding measures\"\" must be made before a store can open for business. There are taxes for moving goods from state to state, and even within states. According to \"\"The Wall Street Journal\"\", the lack of infrastructure and efficient retail networks cause a third of India's agriculture produce to be lost from spoilage. The World Travel & Tourism Council calculated that tourism generated or 9.4% of the nation's GDP in 2017 and supported 41.622 million jobs, 8% of its total employment. The sector is predicted to grow at an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16203545", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nIncluded in the table is the average productivity of India's farms for each produce. For context and comparison, included is the average of the most productive farms in the world and name of country where the most productive farms existed in 2010. The table suggests India has large potential for further accomplishments from productivity increases, in increased agricultural output and agricultural incomes. The Statistics Office of the Food and Agriculture Organization reported that, per final numbers for 2009, India had grown to become the world's largest producer of the following agricultural products: Per final numbers for 2009, India is the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15515554", "chunk_text": "\"Income in India\"\nincome is the fact that rural India is mostly dependent on agriculture. The agriculture sector in India grew at a rate of only 1.6% in 2008-09, while the Indian Economy grew at a rate of 6.7%, despite the 2008 Financial Crisis. An extremely slow rate of growth in the agriculture sector of the Indian economy has serious implications for the rural-urban divide, both in terms of income and GDP. Some estimates say that the average income of a person living in an urban area may be up to 4 times higher than that of a person living in a rural", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1745695", "chunk_text": "India\nproducts include rice, wheat, oilseed, cotton, jute, tea, sugarcane, and potatoes. Major industries include textiles, telecommunications, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, food processing, steel, transport equipment, cement, mining, petroleum, machinery, and software. In 2006, the share of external trade in India's GDP stood at 24%, up from 6% in 1985. In 2008, India's share of world trade was 1.68%; In 2011, India was the world's tenth-largest importer and the nineteenth-largest exporter. Major exports include petroleum products, textile goods, jewellery, software, engineering goods, chemicals, and leather manufactures. Major imports include crude oil, machinery, gems, fertiliser, and chemicals. Between 2001 and 2011, the contribution", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9795564", "chunk_text": "\"Economic history of India\"\neconomies. Silver reserves increased in size, causing gold to rise in relative value. The impact on silver-based India was profound, given that most of its trade was with Britain and other gold-based countries. As the price of silver fell, so too did the exchange value of the rupee, when measured against sterling. The Indian economy grew at about 1% per year from 1880 to 1920, matching population growth. The result was no change in income levels. Agriculture was still dominant, with most peasants at the subsistence level. Extensive irrigation systems were built, providing an impetus for growing cash crops for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13067082", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nriver-borne commerce. Most overland trade was carried out via the Khyber Pass connecting the Punjab region with Afghanistan and onward to the Middle East and Central Asia. Although many kingdoms and rulers issued coins, barter was prevalent. Villages paid a portion of their agricultural produce as revenue to the rulers, while their craftsmen received a part of the crops at harvest time for their services. The Indian economy was large and prosperous under the Mughal Empire, up until the 18th century. Sean Harkin estimates China and India may have accounted for 60 to 70 percent of world GDP in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4128937", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of India\"\nnation slowed to 5.6% in 2010–11, down from 6.4% in the previous year. These consumption levels are on an individual basis. The average family income in India was $6,671 per household in 2011. According to 2011 census data, India has about 330 million houses and 247 million households. The household size in India has dropped in recent years, the 2011 census reporting 50% of households have four or fewer members, with an average 4.8 members per household including surviving grandparents. These households produced a GDP of about $1.7 trillion. Consumption patterns note: approximately 67% of households use firewood, crop residue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6933416", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nto organic farming by 2015 and 2016 respectively. Indian irrigation infrastructure includes a network of major and minor canals from rivers, groundwater well-based systems, tanks, and other rainwater harvesting projects for agricultural activities. Of these, the groundwater system is the largest. Free power and attractive minimum support price for water intensive crops such as sugarcane and rice have encouraged ground water mining leading to groundwater depletion and poor water quality. Of the 160 million hectares of cultivated land in India, about 39 million hectare can be irrigated by groundwater wells and an additional 22 million hectares by irrigation canals. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5064741", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nattained self-sufficiency in food staples, the productivity of its farms is below that of Brazil, the United States, France and other nations. Indian wheat farms, for example, produce about a third of the wheat per hectare per year compared to farms in France. Rice productivity in India was less than half that of China. Other staples productivity in India is similarly low. Indian total factor productivity growth remains below 2% per annum; in contrast, China's total factor productivity growths is about 6% per annum, even though China also has smallholding farmers. Several studies suggest India could eradicate its hunger and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8994261", "chunk_text": "\"Women in agriculture in India\"\nfemale agricultural laborer or cultivator is limited to less skilled jobs, such as sowing, transplanting, weeding and harvesting, that often fit well within the framework of domestic life and child-rearing. Many women also participate in agricultural work as unpaid subsistence labor. According to United Nations Human Development Report only 32.8% of Indian women formally participate in the labor force, a rate that has remained steady since 2009 statistics. By comparison men constitute 81.1%. An estimated 52-75% of Indian women engaged in agriculture are illiterate, an education barrier that prevents women from participating in more skilled labor sectors. In all activities", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8151647", "chunk_text": "\"Irrigation in India\"\nin India. The total arable land in India is 160 million hectares (395 million acres). According to the World Bank, only about 35% of total agricultural land in India was reliably irrigated in 2010. The ultimate sustainable irrigation potential of India has been estimated in a 1991 United Nations' FAO report to be 139.5 million hectares, comprising 58.5 mha from major and medium river-fed irrigation canal schemes, 15 mha from minor irrigation canal schemes, and 66 mha from groundwater well fed irrigation. India's irrigation is mostly groundwater well based. At 39 million hectares (67% of its total irrigation), India has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16203524", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\nchickpea, okra and milk, major spices like chili pepper, ginger, fibrous crops such as jute, staples such as millets and castor oil seed. India is the second largest producer of wheat and rice, the world's major food staples. India is currently the world's second or third largest producer of several dry fruits, agriculture-based textile raw materials, roots and tuber crops, pulses, farmed fish, eggs, coconut, sugarcane and numerous vegetables. India ranked in the world's five largest producers of over 80% of agricultural produce items, including many cash crops such as coffee and cotton, in 2010. India is one of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1990149", "chunk_text": "\"Agriculture in India\"\neggs, meat, fish, chicken, etc. at affordable prices India has shown a steady average nationwide annual increase in the kilograms produced per hectare for some agricultural items, over the last 60 years. These gains have come mainly from India's green revolution, improving road and power generation infrastructure, knowledge of gains and reforms. Despite these recent accomplishments, agriculture has the potential for major productivity and total output gains, because crop yields in India are still just 30% to 60% of the best sustainable crop yields achievable in the farms of developed and other developing countries. Additionally, losses after harvest due to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20164280", "chunk_text": "\"Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation Programme\"\nand size since the 2000s as India's economy grew rapidly. With foreign aid it receives accounting for only 0.3% of its GDP, India has now emerged as a net donor of foreign aid. Its National Agricultural Research System under the Indian Council for Agricultural Research, one of the largest in the world, and the Indira Gandhi National Open University have played key roles in facilitating ITEC assistance. South Asia accounts for 70% of the grants dispersed under ITEC. Lines of credit are also offered under ITEC and African nations have been the major beneficiaries under this head. Assistance under ITEC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_201	who sings the song it ain't me?	n/a	[ "Selena Gomez", "American singer Selena Gomez" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "760851", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\nIt Ain't Me \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" is a song by Norwegian DJ Kygo and American singer Selena Gomez. It was released by Interscope Records, Sony and Ultra on 17 February 2017 as the lead single from Kygo's first EP, \"\"Stargazing\"\". The song was written by Kygo, Gomez, Andrew Watt, Brian Lee and Ali Tamposi. It was produced by Kygo, Watt, Ben Rice and Louis Bell. A dance-pop, electropop and tropical house song, \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" comprises an acoustic guitar line, and a build-drop arrangement in its chorus featuring pulsing piano notes, bass, synthesizers, finger-snap claps and pan flute melodies. Gomez", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15132825", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me Babe\"\nIt Ain't Me Babe \"\"It Ain't Me Babe\"\" is a song by Bob Dylan that originally appeared on his fourth album \"\"Another Side of Bob Dylan\"\", which was released in 1964 by Columbia Records. According to music critic Oliver Trager, this song, along with others on the album, marked a departure for Dylan as he began to explore the possibilities of language and deeper levels of the human experience. Within a year of its release, the song was picked up as a single by folk rock act the Turtles and country artist Johnny Cash (who sang it as a duet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1572030", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\nand \"\"We Don't Talk Anymore\"\". A music video, directed by Philip R. Lopez, was released on 24 April 2017 on Kygo's official Vevo channel. The video revolves around a couple involved in a motorcycle accident. The boyfriend is rendered comatose. The video depicts the boyfriend's unconscious state, with the girlfriend dancing and singing by his bedside at the hospital. The song is featured in tenth episode of the television series \"\"The Bold Type\"\". Credits adapted from Qobuz. It Ain't Me \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" is a song by Norwegian DJ Kygo and American singer Selena Gomez. It was released by Interscope", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "760853", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\nwritten by Andrew Watt, Brian Lee and Ali Tamposi. With Watt previously working with Kygo, the DJ's manager Myles Shear contacted Watt for a session with Kygo which Watt also facilitated for Lee and Tamposi. During their session for \"\"It Ain't Me\"\", they initially found the track very poor, but were trying to salvage it. Kygo and Shear suggested that they continue working on the song. After Kygo and Shear had left, Tamposi told Watt and Lee to play guitar and \"\"Fleetwood Mac it\"\", spawning a 45-minute jam session as well as the demo of \"\"It Ain't Me\"\", a simple", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12708283", "chunk_text": "\"That Wasn't Me\"\nThat Wasn't Me \"\"That Wasn't Me\"\" is a song by American recording artist Brandi Carlile. The song serves as the lead single off Carlile's fourth studio album, \"\"Bear Creek\"\". The song's lyrics were inspired by the addiction and recovery of one of Carlile's friends while the style was influenced by Elton John, The Beatles and Sheryl Crow. The song is written from the viewpoint of the addict, and addresses the healing process and reconciliation that comes with overcoming addiction. On March 19, 2012, \"\"That Wasn't Me\"\" was announced along with Carlile's fourth studio album via her official website. The announcement", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19562597", "chunk_text": "\"It Wasn't Me\"\nIt Wasn't Me \"\"It Wasn't Me\"\" is the first single from Jamaican-American reggae artist Shaggy's multi-Platinum studio album \"\"Hot Shot\"\" (2000). The song features vocals from Shaggy, and RikRok. The lyrics of the song depict one man asking his friend what to do, after his girlfriend caught him having sex with another woman. His friend's advice is to deny everything, despite clear evidence to the contrary, with the phrase \"\"It wasn't me.\"\" \"\"It Wasn't Me\"\" has been regarded as Shaggy's breakthrough in the pop market, and is his highest charting song to date, topping the charts in Australia, Austria, France,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8983723", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't I\"\nAin't I \"\"Ain't I\"\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Yung L.A., released as his debut single on November 25, 2008 via Grand Hustle and Interscope Records. The song was intended to be the lead single from his then-debut album \"\"Futuristic Leland\"\", which was later shelved. The song, produced by B Franks, features guest appearances from his then-mentor Young Dro and Grand Hustle label-boss T.I., after the two remixed the song to release it commercially. Upon its release, the song reached number 47 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart, on March 28, 2009. The single is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1572028", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\nfirst full week of tracking, the song climbed to number 12, aided by sales of 67,000 copies, 15.5 million streams and a 19 million airplay audience. \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" became Kygo's highest-charting single in the US, surpassing the number 92 peak of his 2014 single \"\"Firestone\"\", and marked Gomez's seventh top 10 entry in less than four years, continuing her \"\"chart hot streak\"\" according to Gary Trust of \"\"Billboard\"\" magazine. As of May 2017, the song has sold 484,000 copies in the United States. It peaked at number 10 making it Kygo's first top 10 and Gomez's seventh top 10", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15132826", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me Babe\"\nwith his future wife June Carter). Dylan's biographers generally agree that the song owes its inspiration to his former girlfriend Suze Rotolo. He reportedly began writing the song during his visit to Italy in 1963 while searching for Rotolo, who was studying there. Clinton Heylin reports that a \"\"Times\"\" reporter at a May 1964 Royal Festival Hall concert where Dylan first played \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" took the chorus \"\"no, no, no\"\" as a parody of the Beatles' \"\"yeah, yeah, yeah\"\" in \"\"She Loves You\"\". Nat Hentoff's late October 1964 \"\"New Yorker\"\" article on Dylan includes an account of Hentoff's presence", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15132828", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me Babe\"\nscale descending through a minor third. (Dylan played at the Royal Festival Hall on Sunday, May 17, 1964. The \"\"Times\"\" reviewed the performance in the following day's edition under the heading of \"\"A Minnesota Minstrel.\"\" However, the review makes no mention of \"\"It Ain't Me, Babe.\"\") It Ain't Me Babe \"\"It Ain't Me Babe\"\" is a song by Bob Dylan that originally appeared on his fourth album \"\"Another Side of Bob Dylan\"\", which was released in 1964 by Columbia Records. According to music critic Oliver Trager, this song, along with others on the album, marked a departure for Dylan as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11523405", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Not Lisa\"\nI'm Not Lisa \"\"I'm Not Lisa\"\" is a country song recorded and written by American country artist Jessi Colter. It was released as a single on January 16, 1975, by Capitol Records. \"\"I'm Not Lisa\"\" would become Colter's first major hit as a solo artist. \"\"I'm Not Lisa\"\" was written by Colter and describes the pain that comes with dating someone who has not gotten over a previous lover. Specifically, the song is about a woman named Julie who laments the fact that her boyfriend keeps mentioning his previous girlfriend, named Lisa. While singing on the recording of the original", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16230200", "chunk_text": "\"She's Not You\"\nShe's Not You \"\"She's Not You\"\" is a 1962 song recorded by Elvis Presley and published by Gladys Music, Elvis Presley's publishing company. \"\"She's Not You\"\" reached No. 5 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and No. 13 on the R&B chart. In the UK, the single reached No. 1 where it stayed for three weeks. It was written by Doc Pomus in collaboration with Leiber and Stoller. It was released by Presley in the key of F major. Episode 1 of the 2004 BBC miniseries \"\"Blackpool\"\" featured the Presley recording, accompanied on screen by the singing and dancing of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "760857", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\nfolk-like acoustic guitar riff. It is followed immediately by Gomez singing the first verse in a husky tone. As the song develops, a steady bass and synthesizers are heard. The production is subtle and varied with finger snaps sometimes being louder than the kick drum, and the guitar riff and piano notes alternating in and out. In the chorus, Gomez is accompanied by background vocals that pertain to the sound of a choir. The chorus has a new melodic arrangement and a \"\"crescendo\"\". It is ensued by chord-buoyed builds and drops comprising finger snaps and pan flute melodies. The same", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19562608", "chunk_text": "\"It Wasn't Me\"\naccount. CD Single Cassette single It Wasn't Me \"\"It Wasn't Me\"\" is the first single from Jamaican-American reggae artist Shaggy's multi-Platinum studio album \"\"Hot Shot\"\" (2000). The song features vocals from Shaggy, and RikRok. The lyrics of the song depict one man asking his friend what to do, after his girlfriend caught him having sex with another woman. His friend's advice is to deny everything, despite clear evidence to the contrary, with the phrase \"\"It wasn't me.\"\" \"\"It Wasn't Me\"\" has been regarded as Shaggy's breakthrough in the pop market, and is his highest charting song to date, topping the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "231451", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't Your Mama\"\nAin't Your Mama \"\"Ain't Your Mama\"\" is a song recorded by American singer Jennifer Lopez. It was written by Meghan Trainor, Theron Thomas, Jacob Kasher Hindlin, Gamal \"\"Lunchmoney\"\" Lewis, Henry \"\"Cirkut\"\" Walter and Dr. Luke, while production was handled by the latter two. A pop song with influences of reggae, dancehall and Latin music, the song has percussion, drums, minimal synths and a Latin beat in its main instrumentation. Lyrically, \"\"Ain't Your Mama\"\" deals with themes of female empowerment, where the protagonist will not accept a partner who needs to be taken care of. The song was released on April", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12708284", "chunk_text": "\"That Wasn't Me\"\nstated that the single would be sent to radios soon. On March 26, via social networking site Twitter, Carlile \"\"tweeted\"\" the single cover and announced that the single would be released online on April 3. That Wasn't Me \"\"That Wasn't Me\"\" is a song by American recording artist Brandi Carlile. The song serves as the lead single off Carlile's fourth studio album, \"\"Bear Creek\"\". The song's lyrics were inspired by the addiction and recovery of one of Carlile's friends while the style was influenced by Elton John, The Beatles and Sheryl Crow. The song is written from the viewpoint of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19768861", "chunk_text": "\"Say It's Not You\"\nSay It's Not You \"\"Say It's Not You\"\" is a song by American country singer George Jones. It was written by Dallas Frazier. Musicor released \"\"Say It's Not You\"\" as a single in 1968. The song, a ballad in which a man confronts his adulterous lover, reached #8 on the country \"\"Billboard\"\" charts. During his time with Musicor, Jones would record at a furious pace, cutting over 280 singles, and remained a constant presence on the country charts. However, the hastily produced sessions, combined with the sloppy LP packages that were issued under his name, left some with the impression", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "760854", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\nacoustic guitar recording with Tamposi on vocals. Watt, Lee and Tamposi then asked Kygo to return to their studio to hear \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" for a second time. Tamposi recalled, \"\"When they pushed the space bar to play the song, [Kygo] went from this very sweet, polite, charming young man to this super-human producer guy. I was watching his eyes go back, left and right, just mapping out how he envisioned the production of the song. He was extremely excited\"\". Lee and Tamposi then left for Kygo and Watt to work on the production where they followed the melodies and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13341158", "chunk_text": "\"She Ain't You\"\nchart. In the United Kingdom, the song debuted at number 90 on the UK Singles Chart dated October 15, 2011, and peaked at number 53 on November 12, 2011. It also charted on the UK R&B Singles Chart, where it peaked at number 17. Credits adapted from the liner notes for \"\"F.A.M.E..\"\" She Ain't You \"\"She Ain't You\"\" is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown. The mid-tempo R&B, pop-flavored ballad was written by Brown, Jean Baptiste, Ryan Buendia, Kevin McCall and Jason Boyd, and was produced by Free School. It was sent to urban contemporary radio in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16230201", "chunk_text": "\"She's Not You\"\ncharacters, as part of the story. Chris Isaak covered this song on his 2011 album, \"\"Beyond the Sun\"\". She's Not You \"\"She's Not You\"\" is a 1962 song recorded by Elvis Presley and published by Gladys Music, Elvis Presley's publishing company. \"\"She's Not You\"\" reached No. 5 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and No. 13 on the R&B chart. In the UK, the single reached No. 1 where it stayed for three weeks. It was written by Doc Pomus in collaboration with Leiber and Stoller. It was released by Presley in the key of F major. Episode 1 of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2564433", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't You\"\nAin't You \"\"Ain't You\"\" is a song by American R&B singer K. Michelle. It was released on February 12, 2016, as the second single from her third studio album, \"\"More Issues Than Vogue\"\" (2016). The song received positive reviews from music critic's. Fuse reviewed the song stating \"\"Ain't You\"\" was \"\"a soul-bearing affair, in which the singer gripes about the emotional pain and pitfalls of romance. She sings as part of the chorus: \"\"Baby I ain't tryin' to change you\"\" over an atmospheric beat that features a thumping snare drum.\"\" Rap-Up reviewed the song \"\"On the honest and soulful ballad,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3597562", "chunk_text": "\"That's Not Me\"\nThat's Not Me \"\"That's Not Me\"\" is a song written by Brian Wilson and Tony Asher for American rock band the Beach Boys, the third track from their 1966 album \"\"Pet Sounds\"\". It is a work influenced by psychedelic drugs that inspired Wilson to turn his attention inward and probe his deep-seated self-doubts. Wilson explained that the song \"\"reveals a lot about myself, just the idea that you're going to look at yourself and say, 'Hey, now look, that's not me, kind of square off with yourself and say 'this is me, that's not me'.\"\" It is the only track", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4108202", "chunk_text": "\"That's Not Me\"\nThat's Not Me \"\"That's Not Me\"\" is a song written by Brian Wilson and Tony Asher for American rock band the Beach Boys, the third track from their 1966 album \"\"Pet Sounds\"\". It is a work influenced by psychedelic drugs that inspired Wilson to turn his attention inward and probe his deep-seated self-doubts. Wilson explained that the song \"\"reveals a lot about myself, just the idea that you're going to look at yourself and say, 'Hey, now look, that's not me, kind of square off with yourself and say 'this is me, that's not me'.\"\" It is the only track", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "760852", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\nsings the track in a husky tone, while in the chorus her vocals are reduced to recurring syllables. The lyrics are nostalgic and narrate a past relationship ruined by alcoholism and partying too often. In addition to reaching number one in Croatia, Lebanon, and Norway, the song attained a top five peak in Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Sweden and Switzerland. It also reached the top 10 in Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States. The lyrics of \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20504373", "chunk_text": "\"It Wasn't Me (Solé song)\"\nIt Wasn't Me (Solé song) \"\"It Wasn't Me\"\" is the first second released from Solé's debut album, \"\"Skin Deep\"\". It was produced by Christopher \"\"Tricky\"\" Stewart and featured a guest verse from Ginuwine and the album version featured J-Weav. The song was a minor hit peaking at number three on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, number forty-four on Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, twenty-six on Billboard Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop chart and nineteen on Billboard Rhythmic. The song was featured on the list of the most-played clips on BET and played on The Box for the week end of April", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "760860", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\n17 / summer nights and liberties / never growing up,\"\" while the second teaser was a snippet of the song's beat. Gomez later revealed the single's cover art and release date on Instagram on 13 February 2017, and shared three teasers of the song on Snapchat the following day. \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" was released for digital download by Interscope, Sony and Ultra Music on 17 February 2017 as the first single from Kygo's upcoming second studio album. Interscope was the primary label since it is Gomez's label. A remix of the song featuring actor Vin Diesel was released on Facebook", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13341144", "chunk_text": "\"She Ain't You\"\nShe Ain't You \"\"She Ain't You\"\" is a song by American recording artist Chris Brown. The mid-tempo R&B, pop-flavored ballad was written by Brown, Jean Baptiste, Ryan Buendia, Kevin McCall and Jason Boyd, and was produced by Free School. It was sent to urban contemporary radio in the United States on March 28, 2011, as the fourth US single from Brown's fourth studio album, \"\"F.A.M.E.\"\" (2011). Musically, \"\"She Ain't You\"\" samples the remixed version of SWV's \"\"Right Here\"\" (1993), and also samples Michael Jackson's \"\"Human Nature\"\" (1983). The song's lyrics are about Brown falling in and out of love. \"\"She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1879537", "chunk_text": "\"She Ain't You (New Hollow song)\"\nShe Ain't You (New Hollow song) \"\"She Ain't You\"\" is a song by American recording artist/band New Hollow. The song was written and performed by the members of New Hollow, and was produced by Michael J. Clouse and Joe Viers. It initially debuted on Hot AC radio in the United States as an independent release on Monkee Hollow Records. On July 3, 2013, \"\"She Ain't You\"\" began getting airplay on SiriusXM radio. In December 2013, \"\"She Ain't You\"\" was voted the \"\"Breakthrough Song Of 2013\"\" by The Pulse (Sirius XM), beating out \"\"Let Her Go\"\" by Passenger (singer), \"\"Best Day", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20504374", "chunk_text": "\"It Wasn't Me (Solé song)\"\n10. It Wasn't Me (Solé song) \"\"It Wasn't Me\"\" is the first second released from Solé's debut album, \"\"Skin Deep\"\". It was produced by Christopher \"\"Tricky\"\" Stewart and featured a guest verse from Ginuwine and the album version featured J-Weav. The song was a minor hit peaking at number three on the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart, number forty-four on Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, twenty-six on Billboard Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop chart and nineteen on Billboard Rhythmic. The song was featured on the list of the most-played clips on BET and played on The Box for the week end of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14343261", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me Babe (album)\"\nIt Ain't Me Babe (album) It Ain't Me Babe is the first studio album by the American rock band the Turtles. It was released in October 1965 on White Whale Records. Prior to recording, the band members required written permission from their parents due to being underage. Included on the album is original work from the band's high school performing days and their own interpretations of popular songs from other musicians. The most successful track \"\"It Ain't Me Babe\"\" reached #8 on the national charts. Sundazed Records licensed the rights to the Turtles' library and has re-released most of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7650107", "chunk_text": "\"Wasn't Me (Barei song)\"\nJuly 2017. A lyric video to accompany the release of \"\"Wasn't Me\"\" was first released onto YouTube on 23 June 2017 at a total length of three minutes and fourteen seconds. Wasn't Me (Barei song) \"\"Wasn't Me\"\" is a song performed by Spanish singer/songwriter Barei. The song was released in Spain as a digital download on 23 June 2017. The song peaked at number 32 on the Spanish Singles Chart. On 19 June 2017, Barei announced on Twitter that she was bringing out three new songs with different themes. \"\"Wasn't Me\"\" was released in Spain as a digital download on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8711672", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Not Lisa\"\nthe song with Colter for her 2007 album, \"\"The Chain.\"\" The rock band Killdozer also covered \"\"I'm Not Lisa\"\" on their 1986 release \"\"Burl\"\". I'm Not Lisa \"\"I'm Not Lisa\"\" is a country song recorded and written by American country artist Jessi Colter. It was released as a single on January 16, 1975, by Capitol Records. \"\"I'm Not Lisa\"\" would become Colter's first major hit as a solo artist. \"\"I'm Not Lisa\"\" was written by Colter and describes the pain that comes with dating someone who has not gotten over a previous lover. Specifically, the song is about a woman", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17406295", "chunk_text": "\"Jessi Colter\"\nJessi Colter Mirriam Johnson (born May 25, 1943), known professionally as Jessi Colter, is an American country music artist who is best known for her collaboration with her husband, country singer and songwriter Waylon Jennings, and for her 1975 country-pop crossover hit \"\"I'm Not Lisa\"\". Jessi Colter was one of the few female artists to emerge from the mid-1970s \"\"outlaw country\"\" movement. After meeting Jennings, Colter pursued a career in country music, releasing her first studio LP in 1970, \"\"A Country Star Is Born.\"\" Five years later, Colter signed with Capitol Records and released her first solo single, \"\"I'm Not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13341146", "chunk_text": "\"She Ain't You\"\nYou\"\" was written by Brown, Jean Baptiste, Ryan Buendia, Kevin McCall and Jason Boyd, and was produced by Free School. It was recorded at Stadium Red Studios in New York City—and Brian Springer mixed the song at The Record Plant—a studio in Los Angeles, California. Springer was assisted by Iain Findlay and Mark Beaven. Amber Streeter of R&B girl group RichGirl performed background vocals on the song. The song was sent to urban contemporary radio in the United States on March 28, 2011. It also impacted rhythmic contemporary radio on April 19, 2011, and contemporary hit radio on May 31,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14676295", "chunk_text": "\"It's Not Me, It's You\"\nIt's Not Me, It's You It's Not Me, It's You is the second studio album by English singer Lily Allen. It was released on 4 February 2009 by Regal Recordings and Parlophone. It was produced and co-written by Greg Kurstin, with whom Allen had previously worked on her debut studio album, \"\"Alright, Still\"\" (2006). The album represents a departure from the ska and reggae influences of its predecessor, incorporating electropop with elements of jazz and country. Upon release, \"\"It's Not Me, It's You\"\" received positive reviews from critics, praising Allen's \"\"sharp tongue\"\" and calling the album \"\"wonderful\"\". The album was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17406311", "chunk_text": "\"Jessi Colter\"\nhad one son, Waylon Albright \"\"Shooter\"\" Jennings (born May 19, 1979). In the early 1980s, Colter and Jennings nearly divorced due to his addiction to drugs and other forms of substance abuse. However, they remained together until Jennings's death in 2002. Jessi Colter Mirriam Johnson (born May 25, 1943), known professionally as Jessi Colter, is an American country music artist who is best known for her collaboration with her husband, country singer and songwriter Waylon Jennings, and for her 1975 country-pop crossover hit \"\"I'm Not Lisa\"\". Jessi Colter was one of the few female artists to emerge from the mid-1970s", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4705133", "chunk_text": "\"I Am Not My Hair\"\nI Am Not My Hair \"\"I Am Not My Hair\"\" is a song by American soul and R&B singer–songwriter India.Arie from her third studio album, \"\"\"\" (2006). Written by Arie, Shannon Sanders, and Drew Ramsey, it was released as the album's lead single in late 2005 to moderate chart success. The song was nominated for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance and Best R&B Song at the 2007 Grammy Awards. A remix version of \"\"I Am Not My Hair\"\" featuring Akon was also released. The song's original version with only Arie singing featured acoustic guitar and prominent bass over a midtempo", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8228866", "chunk_text": "\"That's Not Me (Skepta song)\"\nThat's Not Me (Skepta song) \"\"That's Not Me\"\" is a song by British MC Skepta, featuring his brother Jme. It was released on 8 June 2014 as a digital download in the United Kingdom on iTunes as the lead single from Skepta's fourth album \"\"Konnichiwa\"\" (2016). The song peaked at number 21 on the UK Singles Chart. The song's debuted on the videogame FIFA 15, where the song achieved viral status. The song is an intentional throwback to the early era of grime music. A music video directed made by Tim & Barry to accompany the release of \"\"That's Not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4188783", "chunk_text": "\"Not Me, Not I\"\nNot Me, Not I \"\"Not Me, Not I\"\" is a pop song written by Gary Barlow, Delta Goodrem, Eliot Kennedy, Kara DioGuardi and Jarrad Rogers, produced by Barlow and Kenndy for Goodrem's first album \"\"Innocent Eyes\"\" (2003). It was released as the album's fourth single in Australia on 15 September 2003 (see 2003 in music). The song peaked at number-one in the Australian Singles Chart, making Goodrem's fourth number-one single, breaking Kylie Minogue's record of having the most songs released from an album to reach number-one. This single is a love song, which talks about her pain at losing her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9767812", "chunk_text": "\"Wasn't Me (Barei song)\"\nWasn't Me (Barei song) \"\"Wasn't Me\"\" is a song performed by Spanish singer/songwriter Barei. The song was released in Spain as a digital download on 23 June 2017. The song peaked at number 32 on the Spanish Singles Chart. On 19 June 2017, Barei announced on Twitter that she was bringing out three new songs with different themes. \"\"Wasn't Me\"\" was released in Spain as a digital download on 23 June 2017. It was the first of three song to be released by Barei week-on-week, \"\"Forget It\"\" would be released on 30 June 2017, and \"\"Worry, Worry\"\" released on 7", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1509813", "chunk_text": "\"(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone\"\n(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone \"\"(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone\"\" is a rock song written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart. It was first recorded by Paul Revere & the Raiders and appeared on their album \"\"Midnight Ride\"\", released in May 1966. The song is simple musically, with a repeating verse chord progression of E major, G major, A major, and C major, and a repeating bridge in cut time of E major, G major, A major, and G major. It is best known as a hit for The Monkees (US #20), released in November 1966, (making it the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19567478", "chunk_text": "\"Say It's Not You\"\nDean of \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" in 1996, \"\"I'll be honest with you: I love Keith Richards more than anything as a person. He's a character – just fun to be around.\"\" In his own autobiography Richards recalled, \"\"George was a great guy to work with, especially when he had the hairdo going. Incredible singer.\"\" Say It's Not You \"\"Say It's Not You\"\" is a song by American country singer George Jones. It was written by Dallas Frazier. Musicor released \"\"Say It's Not You\"\" as a single in 1968. The song, a ballad in which a man confronts his adulterous lover, reached", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12470676", "chunk_text": "Kygo\nAugust at the Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, as part of a segment that promoted the new Olympic Channel service launching after the Games. On 9 February 2017, Kygo posted a snippet of his collaboration with American singer and actress Selena Gomez. They confirmed the single titled \"\"It Ain't Me\"\", via their social media accounts on 13 February. It was released on 16 February. The song is the lead single from Kygo's first EP, \"\"Stargazing\"\". On 28 April, Kygo released the second single from the EP, \"\"First Time\"\", with British singer Ellie Goulding. On 15 September 2017, Kygo remixed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "133529", "chunk_text": "\"I Am Not My Hair\"\nKonvict Remix of the song. I Am Not My Hair \"\"I Am Not My Hair\"\" is a song by American soul and R&B singer–songwriter India.Arie from her third studio album, \"\"\"\" (2006). Written by Arie, Shannon Sanders, and Drew Ramsey, it was released as the album's lead single in late 2005 to moderate chart success. The song was nominated for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance and Best R&B Song at the 2007 Grammy Awards. A remix version of \"\"I Am Not My Hair\"\" featuring Akon was also released. The song's original version with only Arie singing featured acoustic guitar and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "760856", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\ntropical house song, \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" is composed in the key of C Major and is set in the time signature of \"\"alla breve\"\" at a tempo of 100 beats per minute. Gomez's vocal range spawns from the low note G to the high note E, while the music follows the chord progression of Am–C–F–C–F–C–G. Later in the song, the piano plays in a Chord Progression of: Am--C--G--F--Am--C--G. The song carries a calm tone and a drop common in tropical house music, but is complemented by an equal measure of electronic and pop rock elements. The track starts with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6585380", "chunk_text": "\"Blue Ain't Your Color\"\nBlue Ain't Your Color \"\"Blue Ain't Your Color\"\" is a song written by Steven Lee Olsen, Hillary Lindsey, and Clint Lagerberg and recorded by New Zealand-born Australian country music singer Keith Urban. It was released on 8 August 2016 as the fourth single from Urban's 2016 album \"\"Ripcord\"\". The song has been a big commercial and chart success. In the United States, it reached number one on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts for 12 straight weeks in that position on the former. It also peaked at number 24 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. \"\"Blue Ain't", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2564434", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't You\"\nthe Jack Daniels spokeswoman keeps it 100 as she sings about relationship drama. “I done dodged so many ceremonies / Could have had 50 mill in alimony / Give you everything, what you want from me, you know,” she sings.\"\" The music video for the song premiered on June 8, 2016. \"\"Ain't You\"\" debuted at number 41 on US Billboard R&B/Hip-Hop Digital Songs on March 5, 2016. Ain't You \"\"Ain't You\"\" is a song by American R&B singer K. Michelle. It was released on February 12, 2016, as the second single from her third studio album, \"\"More Issues Than Vogue\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "760858", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\nsynthesizers from the verses are repeated with a sidechained piano in the background. In the drop Kygo introduces sidechained vocal chops of Gomez singing syllables and are accompanied by percussion instruments. \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" is a breakup song with a theme of nostalgia. The lyrics are about standing up for yourself in the face of a toxic relationship. Gomez narrates the regret of a previous relationship ruined by her former lover's habits of drinking and partying too often. The lyrics specifically address alcohol abuse, a type of alcoholism. Tamposi explained that \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" is about a woman finding the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13215693", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't I\"\na remix of the original version, which features Grand Hustle label-mate Big Kuntry King. \"\"Ain't I\"\" was nominated for \"\"Best Collaboration\"\" at the BET Awards. The Kai Crawford-directed music video was released on BET's \"\"106 & Park\"\" on December 9, 2008. The video features cameo appearances from DJ Drama and Lil Duval. It managed to peak at #2 on \"\"106 & Park\"\" and ranked at #87 on BET's \"\"Notarized: Top 100 Videos of 2009\"\" countdown. Ain't I \"\"Ain't I\"\" is a song by American hip hop recording artist Yung L.A., released as his debut single on November 25, 2008 via", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1572024", "chunk_text": "\"It Ain't Me\"\nstrength to walk away from a toxic relationship despite the pressure she receives from society to stand by her man. Although the lyrics are sombre, the song has a distinctly uplifting and empowering sound. In early February 2017, \"\"It Ain't Me\"\" was registered on the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers (ASCAP) database. Gomez first teased the single with two Instagram stories on 3 February 2017. The first teaser showed a half-profile of the singer with a black \"\"X\"\" over her mouth as a 10-second snippet plays with the lyrics, \"\"I had a dream / we were back to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_202	when does the nba season end this year?	n/a	[ "April 11, 2018" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8177970", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NBA season\"\nthe game 114−103. The 2018 NBA Playoffs began on Saturday, April 14, 2018, ESPN aired the 2018 Eastern Conference Finals and TNT aired the 2018 Western Conference Finals. For the first time since 1979 both Conference Finals series went to a deciding Game 7. The season ended with the 2018 NBA Finals which began on May 31, 2018 and ended on June 8, 2018 on ABC. Awards were presented at the NBA Awards ceremony, which were held on June 25. Finalists for voted awards were announced during the playoffs and winners were presented at the award ceremony. The All-NBA Team", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2073102", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 NBA season\"\n2018–19 NBA season The 2018–19 NBA season is the 73rd season of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The regular season began on October 16, 2018, and will end on April 10, 2019. The playoffs will begin April 13, 2019, with the NBA Finals concluding in June. The 2019 NBA All-Star Game will be played on February 17, 2019, at the Spectrum Center in Charlotte, North Carolina. Free agency negotiations began on July 1. Players began signing on July 6 after the July moratorium ended. The preseason began on September 28 and ended on October 12. The Toronto Raptors played two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7385303", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NBA season\"\nregular season ended on April 11, 2018. The playoffs began on April 14, 2018 and ended on June 8 with the Golden State Warriors defeating the Cleveland Cavaliers in the 2018 NBA Finals. Free agency negotiations began on July 1. Players began signing on July 6, after the July moratorium ended. For the first time since the inauguration of the BAA, there would be no coaching changes going from the previous season to entering the regular season. In fact, the 536 days from Dave Joerger being fired as coach of the Memphis Grizzlies to the day the Phoenix Suns fired", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6130309", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 NBA season\"\n2017, ESPN aired the Western Conference Finals and TNT aired the Eastern Conference Finals. The season ended with the 2017 NBA Finals which began on June 1, 2017 and ended on June 12, 2017 on ABC. Awards were presented at the NBA Awards ceremony, which were held on June 26. Finalists for voted awards were announced during the playoffs and winners were presented at the award ceremony. The All-NBA Team was announced in advance in order for teams to have all the necessary information to make offseason preparations. The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Players of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2444539", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NBA Playoffs\"\nEastern Conference Finals, while the Western Conference Finals will be televised by TNT. ABC will have exclusive television rights to the NBA Finals for the 16th consecutive year. 2018 NBA Playoffs The 2018 NBA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 2017–18 season. The playoffs began on April 14, 2018 and ended on June 8 at the conclusion of the 2018 NBA Finals. Within each conference, the eight teams with the most wins qualify for the playoffs. The seedings are based on each team's record. Each conference's bracket is fixed; there is no reseeding. All rounds are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6107504", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NBA Playoffs\"\n2018 NBA Playoffs The 2018 NBA Playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 2017–18 season. The playoffs began on April 14, 2018 and ended on June 8 at the conclusion of the 2018 NBA Finals. Within each conference, the eight teams with the most wins qualify for the playoffs. The seedings are based on each team's record. Each conference's bracket is fixed; there is no reseeding. All rounds are best-of-seven series; the team that has four wins advances to the next round. All rounds, including the NBA Finals, are in a 2–2–1–1–1 format. Home court advantage in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6130307", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 NBA season\"\nCharlotte's Spectrum Center, was removed as the host on July 21, 2016 due to the league's opposition against North Carolina's Public Facilities Privacy & Security Act. The regular season ended on April 12, 2017, and the playoffs began on April 15, 2017 and ended on June 12, 2017, with the Golden State Warriors going 16-1 in the playoffs and beating the Cleveland Cavaliers in five games during their third consecutive matchup in the NBA Finals. Free agency negotiations began on Friday, July 1, 2016 at 12:01 a.m. e.t. Players can sign starting on July 6, after the July moratorium ended.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13769267", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 NBA season\"\npreseason games in Canada: first against the Portland Trail Blazers at the Rogers Arena in Vancouver on September 29, and second with the Brooklyn Nets in Montreal at the Bell Centre on October 10. The Dallas Mavericks and the Philadelphia 76ers played two preseason games in China, in Shanghai on October 5 and in Shenzhen on October 8. The regular season began on October 16, 2018 and will end on April 10, 2019. The entire schedule was released on August 10, 2018. Notes On June 20, 2018, the NBA announced that the Washington Wizards would play the New York Knicks", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2405550", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NBA season\"\nOklahoma City Thunder, Phoenix Suns, Portland Trail Blazers, San Antonio Spurs and Washington Wizards. 2017–18 NBA season The 2017–18 NBA season was the 72nd season of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The regular season began on October 17, 2017, earlier than previous seasons to reduce the number of \"\"back-to-back\"\" games teams were scheduled to play, with the 2017 Eastern Conference champion (and Finals runner–up) Cleveland Cavaliers hosting a game against the Boston Celtics at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio. The 2018 NBA All-Star Game was played on February 18, 2018, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. LeBron", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6130308", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 NBA season\"\nThere were no head coaching changes during the regular season. This was the first time since the 1963–64 NBA season that there was no in-season coaching changes, the fourth time this happened in league history. The preseason began on October 1, 2016 and ended on October 21, 2016. The regular season began on Tuesday, October 25, 2016. Christmas Day games were played on Sunday, December 25, 2016. The regular season ended on Wednesday, April 12, 2017. The schedule was released at 6:00 p.m. ET on August 11, 2016. Notes The 2017 NBA Playoffs began on April 15, 2017. In May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7385302", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NBA season\"\n2017–18 NBA season The 2017–18 NBA season was the 72nd season of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The regular season began on October 17, 2017, earlier than previous seasons to reduce the number of \"\"back-to-back\"\" games teams were scheduled to play, with the 2017 Eastern Conference champion (and Finals runner–up) Cleveland Cavaliers hosting a game against the Boston Celtics at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio. The 2018 NBA All-Star Game was played on February 18, 2018, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California. LeBron James of the Cleveland Cavaliers was named the All-Star Game Most Valuable Player. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2405545", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NBA season\"\nEarl Watson as head coach would be the longest period in NBA history without any coaching changes occur. The last time no head coaches were hired in the off-season occurred during the 1975–76 season. The preseason began on September 30 and ended on October 13. The Golden State Warriors and Minnesota Timberwolves played two preseason games in China, at Shenzhen on October 5 and Shanghai on October 8. Minnesota won the first game 111–97, while Golden State emerged victorious in the second one, 142–110. The regular season began on October 17, 2017 and ended on April 11, 2018. Notes On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6107506", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NBA Playoffs\"\ntop seed. The Rockets clinched the best record in the NBA a day later on March 31, 2018. For the first time since the 1996–97 NBA season, two teams played their last game against each other for the 8th and final spot in the playoffs. The Minnesota Timberwolves defeated the Denver Nuggets 112–106 in overtime to clinch the final playoff seed in the West. This also ended Minnesota's 13-year drought without a playoff appearance having last played in 2003–04 season. For the first time since the 2010–11 NBA season, the Los Angeles Clippers would miss the postseason following a loss", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14284577", "chunk_text": "\"2011–12 NBA season\"\n2011–12 NBA season The 2011–12 NBA season was the 66th season of the National Basketball Association (NBA), began with the signing of a new collective bargaining agreement (CBA) between the owners of the 30 NBA teams and the NBA's players. The previous CBA, which was ratified in 2005, expired at 12:01 AM EDT on July 1, 2011, resulting in a lockout. With the new deal in place, the regular season was shortened from the normal 82 games per team to 66, because of nearly two months of inactivity. The season began on December 25, 2011, and ended on April 26,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14061916", "chunk_text": "\"National Basketball Association\"\nwhich include the names of the various sponsors who have paid for naming rights. Shortly after the All-Star break is the trade deadline, which is set to fall on the 16th Thursday of the season (usually in February) at 3pm Eastern Time. After this date, teams are not allowed to exchange players with each other for the remainder of the season, although they may still sign and release players. Major trades are often completed right before the trading deadline, making that day a hectic time for general managers. Around the middle of April, the regular season ends. It is during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19597296", "chunk_text": "\"2014–15 NBA season\"\n2014. The regular season began on Tuesday, October 28, 2014, with the defending NBA champions San Antonio Spurs hosting the first game against the Dallas Mavericks. The regular season ended on Wednesday, April 15, 2015. Christmas Day games were played on Thursday, December 25, 2014. The NBA is mulling a week-long All-Star break in February 2015, and the full schedule was released during a one-hour schedule release special on August 13, 2014 at 6:00 p.m. EDT on NBA TV. Notes The 2015 NBA playoffs began on Saturday, April 18, 2015 and concluded with the 2015 NBA Finals which began on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20130226", "chunk_text": "\"2014–15 NBA season\"\nValuable Player Award. The regular season ended on Wednesday April 15, 2015 and the playoffs began on Saturday, April 18, 2015 and ended with the 2015 NBA Finals on June 16, 2015, after the Golden State Warriors defeated the Cleveland Cavaliers in six games to win their fourth NBA title. The Charlotte Bobcats played their first official game as the Charlotte Hornets since 2002. Free agency negotiations began on July 1, 2014, when players began to sign starting on July 10, after the July moratorium ended. The preseason began on Saturday, October 4, 2014 and ended on Friday, October 24,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13769268", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 NBA season\"\nat the O2 Arena in London, United Kingdom on January 17, 2019. On August 7, 2018, the NBA announced that the Orlando Magic would play two games at Mexico City Arena in Mexico City. They played against the Chicago Bulls on December 13, 2018, and they played against the Utah Jazz on December 15, 2018. The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Players of the Week. The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Players of the Month. The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Rookies of the Month. The following coaches", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12683188", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 NBA season\"\n2015–16 NBA season The 2015–16 NBA season was the 70th season of the National Basketball Association. The regular season began on Tuesday, October 27, 2015 at the United Center, home of the Chicago Bulls, with their game against the Cleveland Cavaliers. The 2016 NBA All-Star Game was played at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on February 14, 2016. The regular season ended on April 13, 2016. The playoffs started on April 16, 2016 and ended with the 2016 NBA Finals on June 19, 2016, with the Cleveland Cavaliers becoming NBA Champions for the first time in franchise", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8747751", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NBA Playoffs\"\n2017 NBA Playoffs The 2017 NBA Playoffs began on April 15, 2017. It concluded with the Golden State Warriors defeating the Cleveland Cavaliers 4 games to 1 in the NBA Finals, their third consecutive meeting at the Finals. Kevin Durant was named the NBA Finals MVP in his first year on the team. The Warriors set the record for the longest playoff winning streak (15) and the best record (16-1) in NBA playoff history. The Golden State Warriors began the finals with a playoff record of 12–0. The first two finals' games were blowouts by Golden State, game three was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6401077", "chunk_text": "\"National Basketball Players Association\"\n200 days, and wiped out 464 regular-season games. After players and owners reached an agreement, the season did not start until February 5, 1999, with each of the 29 NBA teams playing a 50-game schedule. The current collective bargaining agreement was reached in July 2005, and expired at 12:01 EST on July 1, 2011, following completion of the 2010–11 NBA season, resulting in a lockout, similar to the 2011 NFL lockout. ESPN has reported that the owners and players failed to reach an agreement and broke off negotiations, and that the owners began a lockout immediately after the collective bargaining", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12683190", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 NBA season\"\nthe New Orleans Pelicans at 10:30 p.m. EDT at the Oracle Arena. Christmas Day games were played on Friday, December 25, 2015. The regular season ended on Wednesday, April 13, 2016. The schedule was released at 6:00 p.m. EDT on August 12, 2015. Notes The 2016 NBA playoffs began on Saturday, April 16, 2016 and ended with the 2016 NBA Finals which began on June 2, 2016 and ended on June 19, 2016 on ABC. ESPN broadcast the Eastern Conference Finals and TNT broadcast the Western Conference Finals. ABC broadcast the NBA Finals. The following players were named the Eastern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19854575", "chunk_text": "\"Basketball: A Love Story\"\nApp on September 18, 2018, and subsequently also aired on ESPN in a serialized format of four-hour blocks over six weeks, beginning October 9 and ending November 13, 2018. Klores and a team of producers conducted more than 500 hours of interviews with 165 personalities representing all sides of basketball, including players, coaches, executives, and journalists. Interviewees include Adam Silver, David Stern, Kobe Bryant, LeBron James, Shaquille O'Neal, Allen Iverson, Steve Nash, Charles Barkley, Julius Erving, Earl Monroe, John Havlicek, Bill Walton, Isiah Thomas, Moses Malone, David Robinson, Elvin Hayes, Mike Krzyzewski, Doug Collins, Rick Pitino, Phil Jackson, Hubie Brown,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12683189", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 NBA season\"\nhistory after defeating the Golden State Warriors in seven games. Free agency negotiations began on Friday, July 1, 2015 while players will begin to sign starting on July 7, after the July moratorium ended. The preseason began on Friday, October 2, 2015 and ended on Friday, October 23, 2015. The regular season began on Tuesday, October 27, 2015 at the United Center, home of the Chicago Bulls, who hosted a game against the Cleveland Cavaliers at 8:00 p.m. EDT, then the Atlanta Hawks hosted the Detroit Pistons at 8:00 p.m. EDT. Finally, the defending NBA champion Golden State Warriors hosted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6130306", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 NBA season\"\n2016–17 NBA season The 2016–17 NBA season was the 71st season of the National Basketball Association. The regular season began on October 25, 2016, with the 2016 NBA champion Cleveland Cavaliers hosting a game against the New York Knicks. The 2017 NBA All-Star Game was played at the Smoothie King Center in New Orleans, Louisiana, on February 19, 2017, with the West defeating the East 192–182. Anthony Davis of the New Orleans Pelicans was named the All Star Game MVP after breaking Wilt Chamberlain's record by scoring 52 points in the All Star Game. The original host of the game,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16745521", "chunk_text": "\"NBA All-Star Game\"\nof fan, player, and media voting, while the reserves are chosen by a vote among the head coaches from each squad's respective conference. Coaches are not allowed to vote for their own players. If a selected player is injured and cannot participate, the NBA commissioner selects a replacement. The vote leaders for each conferences are assigned as captains and can choose from a pool of players named as all-stars to form their teams. The newly formed teams will also play for a charity of choice to help the games remain competitive. On January 25, 2018, LeBron James and Stephen Curry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6107505", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NBA Playoffs\"\nany round does not necessarily belong to the higher-seeded team, but instead to the team with the better regular season record. If two teams with the same record meet in a round, standard tiebreaker rules are used. The rule for determining home court advantage in the NBA Finals is winning percentage, then head to head record, followed by record vs. opposite conference. On March 7, 2018, the Toronto Raptors became the first team to clinch a playoff spot. On March 30, 2018, the Houston Rockets clinched the Western Conference ending a three-year run by the Golden State Warriors as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8177972", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NBA season\"\nbroadcast partner due to the Cumulus Media Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing nulling and voiding many broadcasting agreements. The team's games moved from Cumulus's WLS to Entercom's WSCR on February 3, 2018. Advertisements began to appear on league uniforms. With this, the NBA became the first of the \"\"Big Four\"\" North American professional sports league to use corporate sponsorship patches on its jerseys. As of March 6, 2018, there were 21 NBA teams that had signed uniform sponsorship contracts: Nine teams that did not sign a uniform sponsorship contract during the 2017–18 season: Chicago Bulls, Houston Rockets, Indiana Pacers, Memphis Grizzlies,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12683193", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 NBA season\"\nwinning percentages below .200. 2015–16 NBA season The 2015–16 NBA season was the 70th season of the National Basketball Association. The regular season began on Tuesday, October 27, 2015 at the United Center, home of the Chicago Bulls, with their game against the Cleveland Cavaliers. The 2016 NBA All-Star Game was played at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on February 14, 2016. The regular season ended on April 13, 2016. The playoffs started on April 16, 2016 and ended with the 2016 NBA Finals on June 19, 2016, with the Cleveland Cavaliers becoming NBA Champions for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6107507", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NBA Playoffs\"\nto the Denver Nuggets on April 7, 2018. This is the first time since 1960 that none of the teams from Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago made the playoffs. Teams in bold advanced to the next round. The numbers to the left of each team indicate the team's seeding in its conference, and the numbers to the right indicate the number of games the team won in that round. The division champions are marked by an asterisk. Teams with home court advantage, the higher seeded team, are shown in italics. This was the second playoff meeting between these two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7766316", "chunk_text": "\"2013–14 NBA season\"\n2013 at the Mall of Asia Arena in Manila featuring the Houston Rockets versus the Indiana Pacers. The arena was also the venue of the 2013 FIBA Asia Championship. The regular season began on Tuesday, October 29, 2013, with the Indiana Pacers hosting a game against the Orlando Magic. The regular season ended on Wednesday, April 16, 2014. The season featured the unveiling of national television games such as on Christmas Day along with Chicago Bulls at Brooklyn Nets, Oklahoma City Thunder at New York Knicks, Miami Heat at Los Angeles Lakers, Houston Rockets at San Antonio Spurs and Los", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13852939", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NBA Finals\"\nthe Finals did not feature either of the top seeds in each conference. The 2018 Finals began on May 31 and ended on June 8. The series was sponsored by the Internet television service YouTube TV and officially known as the \"\"2018 NBA Finals presented by YouTube TV\"\". This was the Cleveland Cavaliers' fourth consecutive trip to the NBA Finals, and fifth appearance overall. This is also the eighth consecutive NBA Finals appearance for LeBron James. Prior to the 2017–18 season, point guard Kyrie Irving demanded to be traded away from the Cavaliers. The Cavaliers agreed to his request, trading", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8747765", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NBA Playoffs\"\nFinals for the 15th consecutive year. 2017 NBA Playoffs The 2017 NBA Playoffs began on April 15, 2017. It concluded with the Golden State Warriors defeating the Cleveland Cavaliers 4 games to 1 in the NBA Finals, their third consecutive meeting at the Finals. Kevin Durant was named the NBA Finals MVP in his first year on the team. The Warriors set the record for the longest playoff winning streak (15) and the best record (16-1) in NBA playoff history. The Golden State Warriors began the finals with a playoff record of 12–0. The first two finals' games were blowouts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2405546", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NBA season\"\nAugust 9, 2017, the NBA announced that the Brooklyn Nets would play two regular season games at Mexico City Arena in Mexico City, Mexico. On December 7, 2017, the Nets played against the Oklahoma City Thunder and on December 9, 2017, they matched up against the Miami Heat. The Nets prevailed 100–95 over the Thunder in their first game, but lost to the Heat 101–89 in their second game. On August 10, 2017, the NBA announced that the Philadelphia 76ers would play the Boston Celtics at The O2 Arena in London, United Kingdom on January 11, 2018. The Celtics won", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19257668", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 NBA season\"\nwere named the Eastern and Western Conference Coaches of the Month. This will be the third year of the current nine-year contracts with ABC, ESPN, TNT, and NBA TV. In April 2016, the NBA announced that teams would be permitted to sign a uniform sponsorship contract for the 2017–18 season. Prior and during the 2017–18 season, 21 teams signed a uniform sponsorship contract. Before and during the 2018–19 season seven more teams signed such contracts: As of December 19, 2018, one team has not signed a uniform sponsorship contract: Oklahoma City Thunder. 2018–19 NBA season The 2018–19 NBA season is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15477414", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Golden State Warriors season\"\nof their last seventeen games. For the first time since the 2013–14 season, they did not clinch first place for home-court advantage for the playoffs and failed to win 60 games for the first time under Steve Kerr. This season marked David West's final season in the NBA. He retired on August 30, 2018; having won two NBA championships with the Warriors. The 2017 NBA draft was held on June 22, 2017, at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn. The Warriors didn't have a pick, but acquired the Chicago Bulls 38th pick in the second round for cash. They chose power", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12683192", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 NBA season\"\nSunday afternoons. The first Saturday night game was Saturday, January 23, 2016 with the Cleveland Cavaliers hosting the Chicago Bulls. The following teams placed on-court advertisements for this season: The 1998–99 season was shortened to 50 games by a lockout, but in the shortened season the Grizzlies were on pace for a 13–69 record over a full season and thus a fourth successive sub-20-win seasonFor comparison, in three consecutive seasons – 1996–97's Vancouver Grizzlies and Boston Celtics; 1997–98's Denver Nuggets and Toronto Raptors; and 1998–99's Vancouver Grizzlies and Los Angeles Clippers – but in no others, two teams finished with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8177971", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 NBA season\"\nwere announced in advance in order for teams to have all the necessary information to make offseason preparations. The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Players of the Week. The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Players of the Month. The following players were named the Eastern and Western Conference Rookies of the Month. The following coaches were named the Eastern and Western Conference Coaches of the Month. This is the second season of the current nine-year contracts with ABC, ESPN, TNT, and NBA TV. The Chicago Bulls experienced a mid-season change in their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1138680", "chunk_text": "\"2011–12 NBA season\"\nThe following players won the Community Assist Award. 2011–12 NBA season The 2011–12 NBA season was the 66th season of the National Basketball Association (NBA), began with the signing of a new collective bargaining agreement (CBA) between the owners of the 30 NBA teams and the NBA's players. The previous CBA, which was ratified in 2005, expired at 12:01 AM EDT on July 1, 2011, resulting in a lockout. With the new deal in place, the regular season was shortened from the normal 82 games per team to 66, because of nearly two months of inactivity. The season began on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7676869", "chunk_text": "\"National Basketball Association\"\ntook place in 2011. In two matchups, the New Jersey Nets faced the Toronto Raptors at the O2 Arena in London in front of over 20,000 fans. The 2011–12 NBA season, scheduled to begin November 1, 2011, with a matchup between the defending champion Dallas Mavericks and the Chicago Bulls, was postponed due to a labor dispute. The lockout officially ended on December 8, 2011, when players and owners ratified a new collective bargaining agreement, and the season began on Christmas Day. After the 2012–13 season, the New Orleans Hornets renamed themselves the Pelicans. During the 2013–14 season, Stern retired", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "86779", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Minnesota Timberwolves season\"\n2017–18 Minnesota Timberwolves season The 2017–18 Minnesota Timberwolves season was the 29th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). They clinched their first winning season since 2005 with a win over the New York Knicks on March 23, 2018. On April 11, 2018, the Timberwolves clinched a playoff berth for the first time since 2004 with a win over the Denver Nuggets, ending what was the longest post-season drought in the NBA at the time, at 13 seasons to pass the Sacramento Kings to currently make the longest postseason NBA drought. The last time the Wolves made", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "70073", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Oklahoma City Thunder season\"\nMiami Heat on April 9, 2018. They finished the regular season with 48–34, which clinched the 4th seed. In the playoffs, the Thunder faced the 5th seeded Utah Jazz in the First Round, a team led by rookie Donovan Mitchell, and lost in six games. This season also marked the end of long-time veteran Nick Collison's career, after 14 years. Sometimes referred to as \"\"Mr. Thunder\"\", Collison appeared once in the finals (2012), and following his retirement, left Jeff Green of the Washington Wizards and Kevin Durant of the Golden State Warriors as the last remaining active players who played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14778596", "chunk_text": "\"NBA on TNT\"\nTNT's opening night game featuring the Cleveland Cavaliers. TNT normally aired NBA Christmas Day games only if it falls on a Thursday (except during the 2011–12 season). However, the network announced that they would air a Christmas Day game on December 25, 2017 (a Monday) featuring the Minnesota Timberwolves and the Los Angeles Lakers. It also marked the first time that the \"\"Inside the NBA\"\" crew of Ernie Johnson, Kenny Smith, Charles Barkley and Shaquille O'Neal called the game. TNT also announced that the \"\"Players Only\"\" games will now air every Tuesday starting January 23; the franchise also expanded to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "411276", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NBA All-Star Game\"\non January 26, 2017. The West reserves include Russell Westbrook of the Oklahoma City Thunder, Klay Thompson and Draymond Green of the Golden State Warriors, DeMarcus Cousins of the Sacramento Kings, Marc Gasol of the Memphis Grizzlies, DeAndre Jordan of the Los Angeles Clippers, and Gordon Hayward of the Utah Jazz. Jordan and Hayward were selected as all-stars for the first time in their respective careers. The East reserves include Kyle Lowry of the Toronto Raptors, Isaiah Thomas of the Boston Celtics, John Wall of the Washington Wizards, Paul George of the Indiana Pacers, Kevin Love of the Cleveland Cavaliers,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17039825", "chunk_text": "\"NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement\"\nnew CBA, they are receiving about 49–50% of revenue. At that time, the next CBA discussion was set for ten years. or if necessary, in 2017. In 2016, the NBA and NBA Players Association met to work on a new CBA, which both sides approved in December of that year. This most recent agreement will start with the 2017–18 season and run through 2023–24, with a mutual opt-out after 2022–23. A team may have a maximum of 15 players on its active roster, and at least eight active players must suit up for every game. Any remaining players are placed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16037807", "chunk_text": "\"NBA playoffs\"\nNBA playoffs The NBA playoffs are a best-of-seven elimination tournament annually held after the National Basketball Association (NBA)’s regular season to determine the league's champion. In September 2015, the NBA announced changes to the formula used to determine the format of the 2016 NBA Playoffs. The top eight teams in each conference (East and West), ranked in order by win-loss records, qualify for the playoffs. The tie-break criteria for playoff seeding and home-court advantage have also changed; head-to-head results between the tied teams is the first tie-breaker, and whether a team won its division championship is the second tie-breaker. These", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9665220", "chunk_text": "\"2012–13 NBA season\"\n2012–13 NBA season The 2012–13 NBA season was the 67th season of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The regular season began on Tuesday, October 30, 2012, when the 2011–12 NBA Champions Miami Heat started the season by hosting the Boston Celtics. The 2013 NBA All-Star Game was played on February 17, 2013, at Toyota Center in Houston, Texas. The regular season ended on Wednesday, April 17, 2013, and the playoffs began on Saturday, April 20, 2013 and ended on June 20, 2013 with the Miami Heat defeating the San Antonio Spurs in seven games to win the 2013 NBA Finals.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3522345", "chunk_text": "\"NBA TV\"\nof the broadcast is repeated during the overnight and early morning hours. On October 11, 2017, it was announced that the \"\"Players Only\"\" franchise, which made its debut last season on TNT, will show live games on NBA TV, starting October 24, 2017 and every Tuesday after that, for the first half of the 2017-18 season before transitioning to TNT for the remainder of the regular season starting January 23, 2018. NBA TV HD is a 1080i high definition simulcast feed of NBA TV that is available on most providers. All studio programs and original programs are shot in HD,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15087082", "chunk_text": "\"NBA Gametime Live\"\nchosen at random if they have the correct answer, is announced at the end of the halftime show (although sometimes the winner is announced on NBA TV's Twitter page, before halftime) with the correct answer displayed. On October 24, 2017, the channel replaced Fan Night with \"\"Players Only.\"\" Making its debut on TNT in February 2017, it will show live games on NBA TV and every Tuesday after that, for the first half of the 2017-18 season before transitioning to TNT for the remainder of the regular season starting January 23, 2018. Webber hosts, while Thomas & McHale give analysis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3027850", "chunk_text": "\"2018 BIG3 season\"\n2018 BIG3 season The 2018 BIG3 season was the second season of BIG3. The regular season began on June 22, 2018 and ended on August 10, 2018. Prior to this season, BIG3 signed a streaming deal with Facebook. Notes The first week of games in the BIG3 Basketball League took place at the Toyota Center, in Houston, Texas. The second week of games in the BIG3 Basketball League took place at the United Center, in Chicago, Illinois. The third week of games in the BIG3 Basketball League took place at the Oracle Arena, in Oakland, California. The fourth week of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_203	what us president is the only president to become an eagle scout?	n/a	[ "Ford" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12946029", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nin 1968. In 1982, 13-year-old Alexander Holsinger of Normal, Illinois was recognized as the one-millionth Eagle Scout, and Anthony Thomas of Lakeville, Minnesota was the two-millionth in 2009. About 2.25 million Scouts had earned Eagle Scout through January 2014. In 2012, 57,976 Eagle Scout awards were presented, about seven percent of the 2012 membership. Four Nobel Prize laureates are known to be Eagle Scouts: Dudley R. Herschbach, Peter Agre, Robert Coleman Richardson, and Frederick Reines. On October 11, 2017, the Boy Scouts announced that in 2019, a program for older girls will be available, enabling girls to earn the rank", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5939236", "chunk_text": "\"Boy Scouts of America\"\nMany famous Americans are Eagle Scouts: astronaut Neil Armstrong, film director Michael Moore, TV host Mike Rowe, Steven Spielberg, Mayor Michael Bloomberg, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, and President Gerald Ford are just a small sample of Eagle Scouts. Starting in February 2019, girls will be eligible to earn ranks and merit badges including Eagle Scout, following the same requirements as the boys. There will even be extra time afforded to girls and boys 16 years or older joining Scouts BSA to complete all Eagle Scout requirements since the minimum time required is about 18 months. Additionally, this first class", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9901155", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\naward include Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton, Marriott International CEO J. W. Marriott, Jr., and Michael Bloomberg, Mayor of New York City and founder of Bloomberg L.P. Eagle Scouts who have held public office include 38th President of the United States Gerald R. Ford, 22nd U.S. Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, 13th and 21st U.S. Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld, 69th U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court Stephen Breyer and 84th U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions. In academia, Eagle Scouts are represented by Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction-winner E.O. Wilson, E. Gordon Gee, former", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5970202", "chunk_text": "\"Arthur Rose Eldred\"\nArthur Rose Eldred Arthur Rose Eldred (August 16, 1895 – January 4, 1951) was an American agricultural and railroad industry executive, civic leader, and the first Eagle Scout in the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). As a 16-year-old candidate for the highest rank bestowed by the BSA, he was personally interviewed by a panel composed of the youth organization's founding luminaries, including Ernest Thompson Seton and Daniel Carter Beard. Eldred was awarded the coveted distinction of Eagle Scout on September 2, 1912, becoming the first of more than two million boys in the U.S. since then to earn Scouting's most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19238365", "chunk_text": "\"Paul J. Selva\"\nat the time serving as Commandant of the Marine Corps, to serve as the next Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. General Selva was nominated for a second term as Vice Chairman by President Donald Trump on May 16, 2017. Rating: Command pilot Hours flown: More than 3,100 Aircraft flown: C-5, C-17A, C-141B, C-37, KC-10, KC-135A and T-37 Selva, was acknowledged in President Obama's announcement speech on May 5, 2015. Selva achieved the rank of Eagle Scout in the Boy Scouts of America in 1974. Paul J. Selva Paul Joseph Selva (born September 27, 1958) is a United States", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9901154", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nglobally.\"\" In 2018, Boy Scouts officially stated plans to expand entry to include all females, and change the name of the program from \"\"Boy Scouts of America\"\" to \"\"Scouts BSA.\"\" Eleven Eagle Scouts have been awarded the Medal of Honor: Eugene B. Fluckey, Aquilla J. Dyess, Robert Edward Femoyer, Walter Joseph Marm, Jr., Mitchell Paige, Thomas R. Norris, Arlo L. Olson, Ben L. Salomon, Leo K. Thorsness, Jay Zeamer Jr. and Britt K. Slabinski. At least forty astronauts earned the rank as a youth, including Neil Armstrong and Charles Duke who walked on the moon. Businessmen who have earned the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12946075", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nit uses the standard knot emblem with a silver border. From 1912 to 1943 the BSA issued an index-sized card with information about the Eagle Scout. Wallet-size cards were introduced in 1944 and switched to a plastic credit card style in 1991. Certificates suitable for framing were first issued in 1944. As the honorary president of the BSA, the signature of the President of the United States appears on all certificates. Replacement of a card or certificate can be made by application through the National Eagle Scout Association (NESA). Eagle Scouts are expected to set an example for other Scouts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11708203", "chunk_text": "\"Silver Buffalo Award\"\n1930, #33 Harry Truman 1950, #34 Dwight D. Eisenhower 1946, #36 Lyndon B. Johnson 1964, #37 Richard Nixon 1971, #38 Gerald Ford 1975 (also a Distinguished Eagle Scout), #39 Jimmy Carter 1978, #40 Ronald Reagan 1982, #41 George H.W. Bush 1990, #42 Bill Clinton 1997, #43 George W. Bush 2002, and #44 Barack Obama 2013. Eight Presidents of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints have been awarded the Silver Buffalo: #7 Heber J. Grant 1938, #8 George Albert Smith 1934, #9 David O. McKay 1953, #11 Harold B. Lee 1963, #12 Spencer W. Kimball 1984, #13 Ezra Taft", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6805195", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nlinebacker Manti Te'o. Religious leaders who have earned Eagle Scout include Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of Baltimore William H. Keeler, and Howard W. Hunter, 14th president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Other notable recipients include Sam Berns, an American teen who had progeria and helped raise awareness about the disease, and Ross Ulbricht, the creator of the darknet Silk Road (marketplace). The National Eagle Scout Association researched the total volunteer hours of the Eagle service projects ever done and it came a total of more than 100 million hours of service. Each year, new Eagle Scouts add", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12129859", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Boy Scouts of America\"\nsecond-class councils with volunteer commissioners could keep five cents. The first annual meeting was held in February 1911 at the White House. It was agreed that the President of the United States— then William Howard Taft —was to be the honorary president of the BSA. Every U.S. president since has been elected by the Executive Board as the honorary president of the BSA. Former President Theodore Roosevelt was selected as the Chief Scout Citizen and honorary vice-president. Gifford Pinchot was selected as Chief Woodsman. The new edition of the handbook– \"\"The Official Handbook for Boys\"\" was published. West was elevated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4280018", "chunk_text": "\"National Scout jamboree (Boy Scouts of America)\"\ngateway to display trademarks of their council or state. Gateways ranged from the very simple to the extremely elaborate. Complex gateways were eliminated beginning in 2013 to match World Jamboree standards of providing standard camping equipment upon arrival, thus allowing contingents to travel by air. Typically opening and closing shows are planned that celebrate and promote Scouting brotherhood. Attended by all participants, staff, and visitors, crowds can be large in excess of 50,000 persons. Speeches are made by dignitaries. Presidents Roosevelt, Truman, Eisenhower, Johnson, George H. W. Bush, George W. Bush, Trump, Vice President Nixon, Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3866778", "chunk_text": "\"Boy Scouts of America membership controversies\"\nPresident of the United States William Howard Taft began serving as the first Honorary President of the Boy Scouts of America in 1911; the tradition has been followed by each succeeding U.S. President. In July 2001, President George W. Bush addressed the National Scout Jamboree via videotape and, although he did not directly discuss the controversies, reiterated his support for the organization. Bush commended the Scouts for upholding \"\"values that build strong families, strong communities, and strong character\"\" and said that the Scouts' values \"\"are the values of America.\"\" In January 2009, the American Humanist Association and eighteen other nontheistic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18387712", "chunk_text": "\"Edgar Cunningham\"\neither of the Waterloo colored troops to earn Eagle Scout on June 8, 1926. He received a hand-written letter from President Calvin Coolidge acknowledging him as the first black Eagle Scout and Scoutmaster Page received a presidential citation. Cunningham married Susie Ann Rockett on September 14, 1931, in Galena, Illinois. They had five children, eighteen grandchildren and seventeen great-grandchildren. After Cunningham died in 1980, the Winnebago Council (the successor to the Wapsipinicon Area Council) made inquiries to the National Council of the BSA to determine if he was indeed the first black Eagle Scout. Since Cunningham had earned Eagle Scout", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5539883", "chunk_text": "\"President of the United States\"\nthe All-Star Game, or the World Series, usually with much fanfare. The President of the United States has served as the honorary president of the Boy Scouts of America since the founding of the organization. Other presidential traditions are associated with American holidays. Rutherford B. Hayes began in 1878 the first White House egg rolling for local children. Beginning in 1947, during the Harry S. Truman administration, every Thanksgiving the president is presented with a live domestic turkey during the annual National Thanksgiving Turkey Presentation held at the White House. Since 1989, when the custom of \"\"pardoning\"\" the turkey was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "389410", "chunk_text": "\"Distinguished Eagle Scout Award\"\nin 2003 and Col. Thorsness in 2017, leaving Norris as the only living Eagle/DESA Medal of Honor recipient. Of the 24 men who traveled to the moon, three were Eagle Scouts: Neil Armstrong, Jim Lovell, and Charles Duke. All three were awarded the DESA. Armstrong and Lovell are also among the 28 recipients of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor and both also received the Silver Buffalo Award. Of the 13 men who have served as the Chief Scout Executive, eight were Eagle Scouts. Of those eight, seven have been awarded the DESA. At least two known father/son pairs have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12946027", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nwas a profile of an eagle in flight, but was changed to the current design before any were issued. In their original conceptions, Life Scout, Star Scout (Life preceded Star until 1924) and Eagle Scout were not ranks, but part of the merit badge system that recognized Scouts who had earned a specified number of merit badges. Eagle Scout was awarded to any First Class Scout who had earned 21 merit badges. The first Eagle Scout medal was awarded in 1912 to Arthur Rose Eldred, a 17-year-old member of Troop 1 of Rockville Centre, Long Island, New York. Eldred was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11969776", "chunk_text": "\"Alvin Townley\"\nand track teams. He interned in the U.S. House of Representatives, then went to work for Arthur Andersen LLP, where he managed responsibilities for global strategy and communication in their Worldwide Executive Office. In his twenties, he began a one-year trek across the country to interview Eagle Scouts and discover the legacy of Scouting. The well-known Eagle Scouts Townley met include Michael Bloomberg, Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer, Ross Perot, Defense Secretary Robert Gates and Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson, William H. Gates, Sr., J.W. Marriott, Jr., Bill Bradley, and Jim Lovell of Apollo 13. Others include Tuskegee Airman Percy Sutton,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9901098", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nEagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America) Eagle Scout is the highest achievement or rank attainable in the Boy Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). The designation \"\"Eagle Scout\"\" was founded over one hundred years ago. Only four percent of Boy Scouts are granted this rank after a lengthy review process. The requirements necessary to achieve this rank take years to fulfill. Since its founding, the Eagle Scout rank has been earned by almost 2.5 million young men. Requirements include earning at least 21 merit badges. The Eagle Scout must demonstrate Scout Spirit, an ideal attitude based upon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17833613", "chunk_text": "\"Gerald Ford\"\nbetter prescription for a superb family upbringing.\"\" Ford was involved in the Boy Scouts of America, and earned that program's highest rank, Eagle Scout. He is the only Eagle Scout to have ascended to the U.S. Presidency. Ford attended Grand Rapids South High School, where he was a star athlete and captain of the football team. In 1930, he was selected to the All-City team of the Grand Rapids City League. He also attracted the attention of college recruiters. Ford attended the University of Michigan, where he joined the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity (Omicron chapter). He washed dishes at his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5970213", "chunk_text": "\"Arthur Rose Eldred\"\ndedicating Eagle Scout Park in the village in his memory. The ceremony was attended by his widow, son Bill and grandsons. Arthur Rose Eldred Arthur Rose Eldred (August 16, 1895 – January 4, 1951) was an American agricultural and railroad industry executive, civic leader, and the first Eagle Scout in the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). As a 16-year-old candidate for the highest rank bestowed by the BSA, he was personally interviewed by a panel composed of the youth organization's founding luminaries, including Ernest Thompson Seton and Daniel Carter Beard. Eldred was awarded the coveted distinction of Eagle Scout on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "131470", "chunk_text": "\"David Lynch\"\nhis early life, Lynch has remarked: Alongside his schooling, Lynch joined the Boy Scouts, although he would later note that he only \"\"became [a Scout] so I could quit and put it behind me\"\". He rose to the highest rank of Eagle Scout. It was through being an Eagle Scout that he was present with other Boy Scouts outside of the White House at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy, which took place on Lynch's birthday in 1961. Lynch had become interested in painting and drawing from an early age, becoming intrigued by the idea of pursuing it as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12946077", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nupon academic, financial need and Scouting participation. The application requirement for the Scout is to have a minimum score of 1290 on the SAT Reasoning Test or 28 on the ACT. Scholarships vary in the amount awarded. The Scout may be awarded: The list of Eagle Scouts is extensive. In addition, the accomplishment is considered to be notable as Adult Scouters who earned Eagle Scout as a youth are entitled to wear a square knot emblem with a red, white, and blue striped square knot above the left shirt pocket. Eagle Scouts may join the National Eagle Scout Association (NESA),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9344145", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Boy Scouts of America\"\nof Light and led by Akela. \"\"Webelos\"\" was also an acronym meaning \"\"Wolf, Bear, Lion, Scout\"\". The initial rank structure was Wolf, Bear and Lion, with ages of 9, 10 and 11. Dens of six to eight Cubs were entirely led by a Boy Scout holding the position of den chief. Boy Scouts served as crowd control at the inauguration of President Woodrow Wilson in 1913, and have served at every inauguration since in some ceremonial role. The Philadelphia Area Council started a Scout honor society called the Order of the Arrow in 1915 that eventually became an important part", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7716865", "chunk_text": "\"Daniel Carter Beard\"\nfounded Boy Scouts Troop 1 in Flushing, New York, which is believed to be one of the oldest continuously chartered Boy Scout Troops in the United States. Beard became an Eagle Scout at the age of 64 on February 15, 1915. Prior to the establishment of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award, Dan Beard was recipient of the only \"\"gold Eagle badge\"\" awarded at the Second National Training Conference of Scout Executives held in 1922 in Blue Ridge, North Carolina. Dan Beard was also involved with the Culver Academies' summer camp program for many years, which used his \"\"Sons of Daniel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "33352", "chunk_text": "\"Clifford H. Pope\"\n\"\"Honorary Scout\"\", a new category of Scout created that same year. This distinction was give to \"\"American citizens whose achievements in outdoor activity, exploration and worthwhile adventure are of such an exceptional character as to capture the imagination of boys...\"\". The other eighteen who were awarded this distinction were: Roy Chapman Andrews; Robert Bartlett; Frederick Russell Burnham; Richard E. Byrd; George Kruck Cherrie; James L. Clark; Merian C. Cooper; Lincoln Ellsworth; Louis Agassiz Fuertes; George Bird Grinnell; Charles A. Lindbergh; Donald B. MacMillan; George Palmer Putnam; Kermit Roosevelt; Carl Rungius; Stewart Edward White; Orville Wright. Starting in 1940 Pope worked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "389408", "chunk_text": "\"Distinguished Eagle Scout Award\"\nThe DESA was first introduced in 1969 and is awarded by the National Eagle Scout Association. Prior to the establishment of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award, a \"\"gold Eagle Scout badge\"\" was awarded to Daniel Carter Beard at the Second National Training Conference of Scout Executives held in 1922 in Blue Ridge, North Carolina. This was the only time this gold badge was awarded. The DESA does not have a clear order of issue like the numbers assigned to each NOESA recipient, though the majority have a date of rank as a Distinguished Eagle recorded. On January 16, 1969 the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6805196", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nmore than three million more hours. Eagle Scouts completed about 9.5 million hours in 2011. August 1, 2012, was designated by the BSA as National Eagle Scout Day in recognition of Eldred's accomplishment in 1912. Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America) Eagle Scout is the highest achievement or rank attainable in the Boy Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). The designation \"\"Eagle Scout\"\" was founded over one hundred years ago. Only four percent of Boy Scouts are granted this rank after a lengthy review process. The requirements necessary to achieve this rank take years to fulfill. Since", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18387711", "chunk_text": "\"Edgar Cunningham\"\nEdgar Cunningham Edgar V. Cunningham, Sr. (December 11, 1910 – February 27, 1980) was an early youth member of the Boy Scouts of America who is believed to be the first African American Eagle Scout. Cunningham was born in New Orleans, Louisiana and was a member of Troop 12 in Waterloo, Iowa in what was then Wapsipinicon Area Council. Troop 12 was a \"\"colored troop\"\" formed in 1925 during the period when Scout units were segregated and, with Troop 9, was one of the two colored troops in Waterloo formed by James Lincoln Page. Cunningham was the first Scout in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18387713", "chunk_text": "\"Edgar Cunningham\"\nfourteen years after the first Eagle Scout was awarded and National did not track ethnicity, there has been no way to validate the claim. Edgar Cunningham Edgar V. Cunningham, Sr. (December 11, 1910 – February 27, 1980) was an early youth member of the Boy Scouts of America who is believed to be the first African American Eagle Scout. Cunningham was born in New Orleans, Louisiana and was a member of Troop 12 in Waterloo, Iowa in what was then Wapsipinicon Area Council. Troop 12 was a \"\"colored troop\"\" formed in 1925 during the period when Scout units were segregated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12946048", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\ngold Palm. The order of bronze, gold and silver follows heraldic traditions borrowed from the U.S. military. A new Eagle Scout can instantly receive, alongside his Eagle medal, all Eagle Palms he has earned for merit badges completed before he became an Eagle Scout. These Palms recognize additional merit badges earned before completing the Eagle board of review. Previously, an Eagle Scout needed to wait three months between each Palm — even if he earned the extra merit badges before becoming an Eagle. This meant that, under the old rules, a young man who became an Eagle Scout at 17", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15398085", "chunk_text": "\"Donald Baxter MacMillan\"\nScout\"\", a new category of Scout created that same year. This distinction was given to \"\"American citizens whose achievements in outdoor activity, exploration and worthwhile adventure are of such an exceptional character as to capture the imagination of boys...\"\". The other eighteen who were awarded this distinction were: Roy Chapman Andrews; Robert Bartlett; Frederick Russell Burnham; Richard E. Byrd; George Kruck Cherrie; James L. Clark; Merian C. Cooper; Lincoln Ellsworth; Louis Agassiz Fuertes; George Bird Grinnell; Charles A. Lindbergh; Clifford H. Pope; George Palmer Putnam; Kermit Roosevelt; Carl Rungius; Stewart Edward White; and Orville Wright. MacMillan Pier in Provincetown, Massachusetts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5814579", "chunk_text": "\"National Scout jamboree (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nScouting, but was delayed two years after being cancelled due to a polio outbreak. The 1937 jamboree in Washington attracted 25,000 Scouts, who camped around the Washington Monument and Tidal Basin. The event was covered extensively by national media and attended by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. Following the disruption of World War II, the next jamboree was not held until 1950 in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. Subsequent jamborees have been held around the country as a means to promoting Scouting nationally. From 1981 to 2010, the jamboree was located in Fort A.P. Hill, Virginia. Since 2013, jamborees are permanently held at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10747639", "chunk_text": "\"National Eagle Scout Association\"\nof specific scholarships are awarded by religious, civic/military groups and many colleges and universities. A complete list and application instructions can be found at NESA's website. Shortly after the National Eagle Scout Association was established in 1972, it began to make available a NESA Scoutmaster Award. The award was presented to one Scoutmaster per BSA area each year. These Scoutmasters' records demonstrated proper use of Boy Scout advancement, and a significant number of their Boy Scouts attained the Eagle Scout rank. This award was discontinued on December 31, 1987. The president of the Boy Scouts of America requested that NESA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12946028", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nnotified that he was to be awarded the rank of Eagle Scout in a letter from Chief Scout Executive James West, dated August 21, 1912. The design of the Eagle Scout medal had not been finalized by the National Council, so the medal was not awarded until Labor Day, September 2, 1912. Eldred was the first of three generations of Eagle Scouts; his son and grandson hold the rank as well. In the 1960s, the Kansas City area awarded more Eagle Scout badges than any other council in the country, resulting in the creation of the Eagle Scout Memorial there", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2717637", "chunk_text": "\"Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)\"\nmade to the required merit badge list in 1970. In 1972, the Improved Scouting Program increased to 24 the number of merit badges needed to obtain Eagle, while reducing the list of required merit badges to ten, eliminating badges that required swimming and outdoor skills—both of which were later reinstated, and adding the requirement to show leadership during the service project. In 1978, the number of merit badges needed for Eagle was lowered to the original 21, and the number of required merit badges was set at 11 (this was changed to 12 in 1993). In 2014 the number of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12461063", "chunk_text": "\"Sherrod Brown\"\nson of Emily (née Campbell) and Charles Gailey Brown, M.D. He has Scottish, Irish, German, and English ancestry, and was named after his maternal grandfather. He became an Eagle Scout in 1967. He received a Bachelor of Arts degree in Russian studies from Yale University in 1974. At Yale, he lived in Davenport College. While in college, Brown campaigned for liberal politicians such as George McGovern. He went on to receive a Master of Arts degree in education and a Master of Public Administration degree from Ohio State University at Columbus in 1979 and 1981, respectively. He taught at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5939235", "chunk_text": "\"Boy Scouts of America\"\ncalled an Eagle Scout. Since its introduction in 1911, the Eagle Scout rank has been earned by more than two million young men. Requirements include earning at least 21 merit badges and demonstrating Scout Spirit through the Scout Oath and Law, service, and leadership all before or by age 18. This includes an extensive service project that the Scout plans, organizes, leads, and manages. Eagle Scouts are presented with a medal and a badge that visibly recognizes the accomplishments of the Scout. Additional recognition can be earned through Eagle Palms, awarded for completing additional tenure, leadership, and merit badge requirements.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13337022", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Boy Scouts of America\"\nissue. In 1912, Sea Scouting became an official program, based on the British Sea Scout program. Arthur Rose Eldred became the first Eagle Scout in 1912. The original handbook used a wealth of material from Baden-Powell's handbook. The comments on loyalty to employers concerned the labor unions– the Industrial Workers of the World in Portland, Oregon protested loudly during the 1912 tour. These comments were removed from the 1911 edition and West made much of the labor positions of the rival American Boy Scouts. Protests over the inclusion of African Americans arose early in the program. When Boyce departed, he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "389409", "chunk_text": "\"Distinguished Eagle Scout Award\"\nfirst ten DESAs were approved. Alphabetically, Alden G. Barber is the first DESA recipient. Based upon the date of the original Eagle Scout rank, Zenon C.R. Hansen, who earned Eagle Scout in 1921, is the first. Of the nine Eagle Scouts who received the Medal of Honor for valor in combat, five were eligible for the DESA (four received the MOH posthumously and are therefore not eligible). Of those five, three have been awarded the DESA: Mitchell Paige, Leo K. Thorsness, and Thomas R. Norris. The other two died in 2007 without a DESA nomination being processed. Col. Paige died", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10309494", "chunk_text": "\"Boy Scouts of America membership controversies\"\nby 61% to 38%. Openly gay boys are allowed to become Scouts from January 2014 but openly gay adults were still forbidden to be leaders. Pascal Tessier, a 17-year-old from Chevy Chase, Md., became the first known openly gay Boy Scout to be an Eagle Scout in 2014. Tessier became the first openly gay adult Boy Scout in the nation to be hired as a summer camp leader when he was hired by the Boy Scouts' New York chapter, Greater New York Councils. In May 2015, BSA President Robert Gates told the national meeting of the BSA in Atlanta that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5856586", "chunk_text": "\"Merian C. Cooper\"\n19 prominent Americans who were given the title of \"\"Honorary Scouts\"\" by the Boy Scouts of America for \"\"... achievements in outdoor activity, exploration and worthwhile adventure ... of such an exceptional character as to capture the imagination of boys\"\". The other honorees were Roy Chapman Andrews, Robert Bartlett, Frederick Russell Burnham, Richard E. Byrd, George Kruck Cherrie, James L. Clark, Lincoln Ellsworth, Louis Agassiz Fuertes, George Bird Grinnell, Charles Lindbergh, Donald Baxter MacMillan, Clifford H. Pope, George Palmer Putnam, Kermit Roosevelt, Carl Rungius, Stewart Edward White, and Orville Wright. In 1949 \"\"Mighty Joe Young\"\" won an Academy Award for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20834841", "chunk_text": "\"Scouting in Pennsylvania\"\nin Pennsylvania are the result of mergers which began to occur in the 1960s through the present day. 1941 saw the creation of Camp Ockanickon in Bucks County Council. Among the claimants for \"\"First Boy Scout Troop in the United States\"\" is Troop 1 in Bala Cynwyd. Pennsylvania is home to the oldest annual Scouting event in the nation, the Valley Forge Pilgrimage and Encampment. In 1928, Eagle Scout (and Erie native) Paul Siple was one of the first Scouts to travel to Antarctica with Admiral Richard Byrd. Byrd had held a national contest to invite worthy Eagle Scouts onto", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17107126", "chunk_text": "\"Boy Scouts of America\"\nJames E. West successfully lobbied Congress for a federal charter for the BSA which President Woodrow Wilson signed on June 15, 1916. One of the principal reasons for seeking a congressional charter was as a way to deal with competition from other Scout organizations including the United States Boy Scouts and the Lone Scouts of America, The 1916 statute of incorporation established this institution among a small number of other patriotic and national organizations which are similarly chartered, such as the Girl Scouts of the USA, the Civil Air Patrol, the American Legion, the Red Cross, Little League Baseball, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1448108", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Edward Femoyer\"\nSuccess Center. Robert Edward Femoyer Robert Edward Femoyer (October 31, 1921 – November 2, 1944) is one of only nine known Eagle Scouts to receive the Medal of Honor; the others are Aquilla J. Dyess, Eugene B. Fluckey, Thomas R. Norris, Arlo L. Olson, Mitchell Paige, Ben L. Salomon, Leo K. Thorsness, and Jay Zeamer, Jr.. He served in the U.S. Army Air Forces and is the only navigator awarded the Medal of Honor. Femoyer was from Huntington, West Virginia, an Eagle Scout, he attended Virginia Tech, from 1940 to 1943. A building at Virginia Tech is named in his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3406728", "chunk_text": "\"Louis Agassiz Fuertes\"\nIn 1927, the Boy Scouts of America made Fuertes an \"\"Honorary Scout\"\", a new category of Scout created that same year. This distinction was given to \"\"American citizens whose achievements in outdoor activity, exploration and worthwhile adventure are of such an exceptional character as to capture the imagination of boys...\"\". The other eighteen who were awarded this distinction were: Roy Chapman Andrews; Robert Bartlett; Frederick Russell Burnham; Richard E. Byrd; George Kruck Cherrie; James L. Clark; Merian C. Cooper; Lincoln Ellsworth; George Bird Grinnell; Charles A. Lindbergh; Donald Baxter MacMillan; Clifford H. Pope; George Palmer Putnam; Kermit Roosevelt; Carl Rungius;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12032166", "chunk_text": "\"Winkler v. Rumsfeld\"\nnear Fredericksburg, Virginia. Scouts from all over the country camp together for ten days and participate in activities emphasizing physical fitness, appreciation of the outdoors, and patriotism. Seven Presidents have attended the jamboree since President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1937. The jamboree grounds at Fort A.P. Hill are open to the public, and an estimated 300,000 visitors attended in 2005 along with 43,000 Scouts and their leaders. The 2010 Jamboree will celebrate the 100th Anniversary of Boy Scouts of America. The United States Congress has found that the military’s logistical support for the national Scout jamboree is an incomparable training", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10379524", "chunk_text": "\"Sons of the American Revolution\"\n1889 and are not listed above, presidents Grover Cleveland, Richard Nixon, Bill Clinton and Barack Obama all had patriot ancestors but did not join the SAR. Presidents Woodrow Wilson, John F. Kennedy, Ronald Reagan, and Donald Trump did not have patriot ancestors. Of the presidents who served prior to the founding of the SAR, six qualify as patriot ancestors - George Washington, John Adams, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, James Monroe and Andrew Jackson. In addition to the above, the following vice presidents were SAR compatriots and later became President of the United States: Theodore Roosevelt, Calvin Coolidge, Harry S Truman,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17107151", "chunk_text": "\"Boy Scouts of America\"\ncollection tracing uniforms, themes, and documents from the beginning of the Scouting movement in America. Among the museum's artifacts are the Eagle Scout medal of Arthur Rose Eldred, the first Eagle Scout. The National Court of Honor certifies the BSA's highest awards: lifesaving and meritorious action awards, distinguished service awards, Eagle Scout and Quartermaster. For administrative purposes, the BSA is divided into four regions—Western, Central, Southern and Northeast. Each region is then subdivided into areas. Each region has a volunteer president, assisted by volunteer officers, board members, and committee members. The day-to-day work of Scouting is managed by the regional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15110575", "chunk_text": "\"Rapidan Camp\"\n\"\"Camp Hoover.\"\" As maintenance costs rose, however, the Scouts withdrew from the lease in 1958. In 1960, the structures built by the Boy Scouts and many decayed Hoover-era buildings were demolished, leaving only three of the original buildings. From 1960 to 1963, further rehabilitation work was done at camp. Some Presidents have expressed interest in the camp, but Jimmy Carter was the first President since FDR to visit. Until 1992, the camp was a vacation perk for high-ranking federal government officials, including Alaska Senator Ted Stevens and Vice President Walter Mondale, who was snowed in on one visit and had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15944926", "chunk_text": "\"Gerald Rudolff Ford\"\nof Commerce and chairman of the Kent County, Michigan Republican Committee from 1944 until 1948 when he stepped down after the future President began his first run for Congress. The elder Ford was active with his four sons in the Boy Scouts of America. The future President would be the first Eagle Scout to become Vice President or President. The President was to say later that the award was one of his proudest accomplishments. The President was to write later: The elder Ford died on January 26, 1962 in Grand Rapids, Michigan. The couple is buried in Woodlawn Cemetery in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_204	when was the drinking age set to 21?	n/a	[ "By mid-1988" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12218063", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state\"\nfrom 21 to 18 in 1971 with the 26th amendment. Many states started to lower their minimum drinking age in response, most of this occurring in 1972 or 1973. Twelve states kept their purchase ages at 21 since repeal of Prohibition and never changed them. From 1976 to 1983, several states voluntarily raised their purchase ages to 19 (or, less commonly, 20 or 21), in part to combat drunk driving fatalities. In 1984, Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act, which required states to raise their ages for purchase and public possession to 21 by October 1986 or lose", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12218062", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state\"\nthe minimum age for \"\"consumption\"\" of alcoholic beverages, although they have often been the same. As one can see in the table below, there has been much volatility in the states' drinking ages since the repeal of Prohibition in 1933. Shortly after the ratification of the 21st amendment in December, most states set their purchase ages at 21 since that was the voting age at the time. Most of these limits remained constant until the early 1970s. From 1969 to 1976, some 30 states lowered their purchase ages, generally to 18. This was primarily because the voting age was lowered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15528810", "chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Drinking Age Act\"\nNational Minimum Drinking Age Act The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 () was passed by the United States Congress on July 17, 1984. It was a controversial bill that punished every state that allowed persons below 21 years to purchase and publicly possess alcoholic beverages by reducing its annual federal highway apportionment by 10 percent. The law was later amended, lowering the penalty to 8 percent from fiscal year 2012 and beyond. Despite its name, this act did not outlaw the \"\"consumption\"\" of alcoholic beverages by those under 21 years of age, just its \"\"purchase\"\". However, Alabama, Indiana,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17687780", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol law\"\nCanada enacted prohibition of alcohol sales, consumption and distribution between the years of 1910 and 1920. After prohibition was ended, most provinces had a minimum drinking age of 21 years, while in the early 70s the age limit was lowered to either 18 or 19 years of age. Later a few provinces and territories raised their age limit from 18 to 19 in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The legal age for buying and possessing (but not necessarily for drinking) has been 21 years in every state since shortly after the passage of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12218064", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state\"\n10% of their federal highway funds. By mid-1988, all 50 states and the District of Columbia had raised their purchase ages to 21 (but not Puerto Rico, Guam, or the Virgin Islands, see Additional Notes below). South Dakota and Wyoming were the final two states to comply with the age 21 mandate. The current drinking age of 21 remains a point of contention among many Americans, because of it being higher than the age of majority (18 in most states) and higher than the drinking ages of most other countries. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act is also seen as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20247233", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol law\"\nin 1984, which tied federal highway funds to states' maintaining a minimum drinking age of 21. Despite a rekindled national debate in 2008 on the established drinking age (initiated by several university presidents), a Fairleigh Dickinson University PublicMind poll found in September 2008 that 76% of New Jerseyans supported leaving the legal drinking age at 21 years. No significant differences emerged when considering gender, political affiliation, or region. However, parents of younger children were more likely to support keeping the age at 21 (83%) than parents of college-age students (67%). Seventeen states (Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Florida, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15528823", "chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Drinking Age Act\"\nevidence that traffic deaths were merely shifted from the 18-20 age group to the 21-24 age group rather than averted. Additionally, Canada, Australia, the UK, and several other nations saw similar or faster declines in traffic fatalities than the USA did since the early 1980s despite not raising their drinking ages to 21. Thus, the magnitude of any public health and safety benefits of the 21 drinking age, at least relative to a legal drinking age of 18, remains unclear. National Minimum Drinking Age Act The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 () was passed by the United States", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15528812", "chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Drinking Age Act\"\noccasions (e.g. communion wines, Kiddush). The act was expressly upheld as constitutional in 1987 by the United States Supreme Court in \"\"South Dakota v. Dole\"\". Legislation concerning the legal minimum drinking age in the United States can be traced back to the days of Prohibition. In 1920, the 18th amendment to the U.S. Constitution declared it illegal to manufacture, transport, or sell intoxicating liquors. This was repealed with the passing of the 21st Amendment in 1933, which was followed by the adoption of minimum legal drinking age policies in all states, with most states electing a minimum legal drinking age", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10281202", "chunk_text": "\"Legal drinking age controversy in the United States\"\neveryday basis and used as a thirst quencher and to provide the majority of nutrients and calories. In China, alcohol was used as a \"\"spiritual food\"\" and for ceremonial use. Europe enforces strict alcohol and liquor tax laws that are aimed at targeting young people. They also limit the hours that stores selling alcohol are open. They feel that this contributes to their lower numbers of alcohol-related problems. The US, along with only a handful of other countries, maintains the highest drinking age worldwide at 21. In 1985, South Dakota challenged the Drinking Age Act. In 1987, the Supreme Court", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15528815", "chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Drinking Age Act\"\nalcoholic beverages. However, these changes were soon followed by studies showing an increase in motor vehicle fatalities attributable to the decreased MLDA. In response to these findings, many states raised the minimum legal drinking age to 19 (and sometimes to 20 or 21). In 1984, the National Minimum Legal Drinking Act, written by Senator Frank Lautenberg (D-NJ) and influenced by Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), required all states to enforce a minimum legal drinking age of 21 or else risk losing 10% of all federal highway construction funds. As the MLDA was still left to the discretion of the state,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15528813", "chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Drinking Age Act\"\n(MLDA) of 21. Between 1970 and 1975, 29 states lowered the MLDA from 21 to 18, 19, or 20. This was primarily due to the passing of the 26th Amendment, which lowered the required voting age from 21 to 18. During the 1960s, both Congress and the state legislatures came under increasing pressure to lower the minimum voting age from 21 to 18. This was in large part due to the Vietnam War, in which many young men who were ineligible to vote (or legally drink) were conscripted to fight in the war, thus lacking any means to influence the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12218061", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state\"\nU.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state The alcohol laws of the United States regarding minimum age for purchase have changed over time. This history is given in the table below. Unless otherwise noted, if different alcohol categories have different minimum purchase ages, the age listed below is set at the \"\"lowest age given\"\" (e.g. if the purchase age is 18 for beer and 21 for wine or spirits, as was the case in several states, the age in the table will read as \"\"18\"\", not \"\"21\"\"). In addition, the \"\"purchase age\"\" is not necessarily the same as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15528816", "chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Drinking Age Act\"\nthe act did not violate the 21st amendment which reserved the right to regulate alcohol for all responsibilities not specifically appointed to the federal government to the states. However, as the act controlled the distribution of anywhere from $8 million to $99 million, depending on the size of the state, the act gave a strong incentive for states to change the drinking age to 21. By 1995, all 50 states, two permanently inhabited territories, and D.C. were in compliance, but Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands (and Guam until 2010) remained at 18 despite them losing 10% of federal highway", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2118184", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol laws of Maryland\"\nis applied at the consumer level, appearing as a line-item on the customer's receipt. Prior to 1973, the minimum age to buy or possess alcoholic beverages was 21 years old. In 1973, the minimum age was decreased to 18 years old in Montgomery County and Prince George's County. In 1974, the minimum age was decreased to 18 years old for the entire state. In 1982, the minimum age was increased to 21 years old but with a grandfather clause which allowed those who had already turned 18 (born June 30, 1964 or earlier) to consume beer and wine. Alcohol laws", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16028985", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol laws of New Jersey\"\nillegally consume it school, the state raised the drinking age to 19 in 1980. Citing statistics that indicated an increase in car deaths among drivers under 21, the drinking age was raised back to 21 in 1983. At the same time, the penalties for underage drinking were increased to include a mandatory driver's license suspension. In 1985, the state made it illegal for an adult to give alcohol to a person under 21, with exception for religious services and parents serving alcohol to their own children at home or in a private area. Historically, a few municipalities had ordinances against", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6259532", "chunk_text": "\"United States Constitution\"\nTwenty-first Amendment (1933) repealed the Eighteenth Amendment and returned the regulation of alcohol to the states. Each state sets its own rules for the sale and importation of alcohol, including the drinking age. Because a federal law provides federal funds to states that prohibit the sale of alcohol to minors under the age of twenty-one, all fifty states have set their drinking age there. Rules about how alcohol is sold vary greatly from state to state. The Thirteenth Amendment (1865) abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime, and authorized Congress to enforce abolition. Though millions of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10281200", "chunk_text": "\"Legal drinking age controversy in the United States\"\nLegal drinking age controversy in the United States The legal drinking age varies from country to country. In the United States, the legal drinking age is currently 21. Other countries have raised the prices of alcohol and encouraged the general public to drink less. Having a legal drinking age of 21 allows for the hope that drinking would become less reckless and the people drinking would be more mature to make reasonable decisions when it comes to alcohol consumption. A survey of Australian college students demonstrated that they and other students witnessed blackouts during parties with alcohol consumption and around", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16028976", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol laws of New Jersey\"\ntheir own children in a private location (such as a private home). New Jersey and all other U.S. states comport with the requirement of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984, which sought to set a national standard of 21 as the minimum age for purchasing and publicly possessing alcoholic beverages. To make states comply, Congress tied a state's failure to enact a drinking age at 21 to a punitive decrease in a state's apportionment of federal highway funding. Federal law requires colleges and universities that accept federal financial aid institute policies to sanction students who violate underage drinking", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12218065", "chunk_text": "\"U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state\"\na congressional sidestep of the tenth amendment. Although debates have not been highly publicized, a few states have proposed legislation to lower their drinking age, while Guam has raised its drinking age to 21 in July 2010. 94. Citation for Wisconsin drinking law: https://www.revenue.wi.gov/Pages/FAQS/ise-atundrg.aspx U.S. history of alcohol minimum purchase age by state The alcohol laws of the United States regarding minimum age for purchase have changed over time. This history is given in the table below. Unless otherwise noted, if different alcohol categories have different minimum purchase ages, the age listed below is set at the \"\"lowest age given\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9825197", "chunk_text": "\"Prohibition in the United States\"\nscourge of organized crime. On March 22, 1933, President Franklin Roosevelt signed into law the Cullen–Harrison Act, legalizing beer with an alcohol content of 3.2% (by weight) and wine of a similarly low alcohol content. On December 5, 1933, ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment repealed the Eighteenth Amendment. However, United States federal law still prohibits the manufacture of distilled spirits without meeting numerous licensing requirements that make it impractical to produce spirits for personal beverage use. Consumption of alcoholic beverages has been a contentious topic in America since the colonial period. In May 1657, the General Court of Massachusetts made", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2165829", "chunk_text": "\"Legal drinking age\"\nSomalia and Sudan the sale, production and consumption of alcohol is completely prohibited. The minimum age to purchase and consume varies, but the most common age is 18 years. However, in North America the age limits varies between 18 and 21 years of age. Throughout the United States the minimum legal age to purchase any alcoholic beverage from a shop, supermarket, liquor store, bar, club or any other licensed premises is 21 years of age. In Canada each province can decide which minimum age limit is to be set to buy or consume alcohol. Most provinces have a minimum age", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17687788", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol law\"\nmaintained a drinking age of 18. United States customs laws stipulate that no person under the age of 21 may bring any type or quantity of alcohol into the country. Alcoholic beverages are subject to excise taxes. Additionally, they fall under different jurisdiction than other consumables in many countries, with highly specific regulations and licensing on alcohol content, methods of production, and retail and restaurant sales. Alcohol tax is an excise tax, and while a demerit tax, is a significant source of revenue for governments. The U.S. government collected 5.8 billion in 2009. In history, the Whiskey Rebellion was caused", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10281203", "chunk_text": "\"Legal drinking age controversy in the United States\"\nruled the Act was constitutional and the States still had the right to set their own drinking ages. However, the Federal Government can give the state a 10% penalty on highway funds if the state chooses to have their drinking age lower than 21. Not even a year later, all 50 states of the United States officially made 21 the minimum legal drinking age. MLDA-21 is not the only variable; the shift in demographics, increased enforcement, increased seat belt use, safer cars, increased parental monitoring and \"\"designated driver\"\" emphasis could also be a reason why after the age was raised,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17189617", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol in New Zealand\"\nto 21 - however minors could still buy alcohol to take home until 1914 when the age for both on- and off-licence purchase was set at 21. In 1969 the purchase age was lowered from 21 to 20. (although 18-year-olds were allowed to drink in bars from 1990 on certain conditions.) But in 1999 the legal purchasing age was lowered from 20 to 18 and despite several calls and legislation to raise the drinking age again, Lawmakers have overwhelmingly favoured the status quo and the age remains 18. It has never been illegal for a minor to drink alcohol in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18427195", "chunk_text": "\"Legal drinking age\"\nof 19 years, while Alberta, Manitoba and Quebec have set a minimum age of 18 years. In South America all countries have set a minimum purchase age of 18 years, except for Guyana where minors aged 16 or 17 may consume a glass of beer, wine or cider in a restaurant provided they buy a meal, and Paraguay the only country with a minimum legal purchase and drinking age of 20 years. Most countries within Europe have set 18 as the minimum age to purchase alcohol. Although Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Denmark, Germany, Gibraltar, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Serbia and Switzerland (except", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "893800", "chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Drinking Age Act\"\nas his motivations. In 1998, the National Youth Rights Association was founded, in part, to seek to lower the drinking age back to 18. In 2004, the president of Vermont's Middlebury College, John McCardell, Jr. wrote in \"\"The New York Times\"\" that \"\"the 21-year-old drinking age is bad social policy and terrible law\"\" that has made the college drinking problem far worse. Groups that oppose the 21 minimum include Choose Responsibility, the Amethyst Initiative, and Students for Sensible Drug Policy. Mothers Against Drunk Driving supports the 21 law and has been the main opponent to lowering it back to 18.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872560", "chunk_text": "Prohibition\nuses. Alcohol consumption was never illegal under federal law. Nationwide Prohibition did not begin in the United States until January 1920, when the Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution went into effect. The 18th amendment was ratified in 1919, and was repealed in December 1933 with the ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment. Concern over excessive alcohol consumption began during the American colonial era, when fines were imposed for drunken behavior and for selling liquor without a license. In the eighteenth century, when drinking was a part of everyday American life, Protestant religious groups, especially the Methodists, and health reformers, including", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19764352", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol in New Zealand\"\nThe Act banned alcohol sales on Sundays, Christmas Day, and Good Friday. The first registered consumption age limits were imposed for the first time meaning nobody under the age of 18 could drink in a public bar and nobody under the age of 13 could buy alcohol to take home. The Licensing Act of 1881 created a minimum age of 16 to purchase alcohol in a bar, however did not impose a minimum age to purchase alcohol to be taken away. The legal drinking age was again amended in 1910 when the legal age to drink in hotels was increased", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2682353", "chunk_text": "\"Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution\"\nthe Senate voted similarly the next day. The Volstead Act set the starting date for nationwide prohibition for January 17, 1920, which was the earliest date allowed by the 18th amendment. The act was conceived and introduced by Wayne Wheeler who was a leader of the Anti-Saloon League, a group which found alcohol responsible for almost all of society's problems, and were also responsible for many campaigns against the sale of alcohol. The law was also heavily supported by Judiciary Chairman at the time, Andrew Volstead from Minnesota and was named in his honor. The act in its written form", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15528822", "chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Drinking Age Act\"\nstudents. Several studies, including a 2011 review, were found to disprove the idea that raising the drinking age to 21 actually saved lives in the long run. For example, Miron and Tetelbaum (2009) found that when the federally coerced and non-coerced states were separated out, any lifesaving effect is no longer statistically or practically significant in the coerced states, and even in the voluntary-adopting states the effect does not seem to last beyond the first year or two. They also find that the 21 drinking age appears to have only a minor impact on teen drinking. There is also some", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19772989", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol laws of New York\"\non-premises consumption. Williamson, in Wayne County, bans on-premises sale of beer at race tracks, outdoor athletic fields and sports stadia where admission is charged. In all, there are 39 partially dry towns. In response to the National Minimum Drinking Age Act in 1984, which reduced by up to 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum purchasing age of 21, the New York Legislature raised the drinking age from 19 to 21, effective December 1, 1985. (The drinking age had been 18 for many years before the first raise on December 4, 1982, to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16806912", "chunk_text": "\"Epidemiology of binge drinking\"\nhas led to a review of liquor advertising being announced by the New Zealand government in January 2006. The review considered regulation of sport sponsorship by liquor companies, which at present is commonplace. Previously the drinking age in New Zealand was 20, then dropped to 18 in 1999. In direct conjunction with the age-lowering, the Police were found to strictly enforce the on-license (bar, restaurant) code for underage-drinking, less so for the off-licences (liquor stores, supermarkets). As a result, young people ages 15–17 found it significantly \"\"harder\"\" to get into (or be served at) bars and restaurants than it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10281205", "chunk_text": "\"Legal drinking age controversy in the United States\"\ndrinking age for every state in the nation 21, there has been a steady increase in prevalence of alcohol use, heavy use, and frequent use among underage drinkers as the age increases. Across all ages, highest rates for alcohol abuse occur among persons 19 years old due to illegality of their behavior, and peak alcohol dependence is age 22. The US Economy loses hundreds of billions of dollars from lost productivity and earnings with alcohol-related illness being a primary factor. The most dangerous social problem involved in underage drinking is driving under the influence because of its contribution to fatalities", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15528814", "chunk_text": "\"National Minimum Drinking Age Act\"\npeople sending them off to risk their lives. \"\"Old enough to fight, old enough to vote,\"\" was a common slogan used by proponents of lowering the voting age. The slogan traced its roots to World War II, when President Franklin D. Roosevelt lowered the military draft age to 18. With the lowering of the voting age to 18, the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) was similarly lowered under the notion that by being able to vote (and for males, be subject to being involuntarily drafted into the enlisted ranks of the military), one should also be able to legally consume", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10281207", "chunk_text": "\"Legal drinking age controversy in the United States\"\n44% of college students were binge drinkers and that binge drinking peaked at age 21. Approximately three quarters of college students aged 18–20 years old drank alcohol in 2009. Within the U.S., youth are being targeted by social media in order to drive sales higher by highlighting alcohol consumption in a positive way. The legal drinking age was set to 21 years of age because studies showed that the leading cause of death of people age 1 to 34 accounted for one third of deaths due to unintentional injury from alcohol consumption. The liver is the organ that is most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10281211", "chunk_text": "\"Legal drinking age controversy in the United States\"\nis already common, but NHTSA spokeswoman Evelyn Avant believes that lowering the drinking age would lead to even more alcohol use among young people. Legal drinking age controversy in the United States The legal drinking age varies from country to country. In the United States, the legal drinking age is currently 21. Other countries have raised the prices of alcohol and encouraged the general public to drink less. Having a legal drinking age of 21 allows for the hope that drinking would become less reckless and the people drinking would be more mature to make reasonable decisions when it comes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8466755", "chunk_text": "\"Repeal of Prohibition in the United States\"\nRepeal of Prohibition in the United States The repeal of Prohibition in the United States was accomplished with the passage of the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution on December 5, 1933. In 1919, the requisite number of state legislatures ratified the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, enabling national prohibition one year later. Many women, notably members of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, were pivotal in bringing about national Prohibition in the United States, believing it would protect families, women, and children from the effects of alcohol abuse. Around 1820, \"\"the typical adult white American male consumed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12188366", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol laws of Australia\"\nis the \"\"Liquor Licensing Act 1997\"\" (SA). The principal aim of the Act is to minimise the harm associated with the consumption of alcohol in South Australia. The drinking age was lowered from 21 to 20 in 1968 and by 1971 South Australia had a drinking age of 18. Between 1836 and 1839, liquor licences were granted by the Governor. On 21 February 1839, Act No. 1 of 1839 became the first liquor licensing legislation in the Province, including three licenses: In 1869, a Storekeeper's Colonial Wine Licence was introduced. Alcohol may not be sold in Victoria without a licence", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10281204", "chunk_text": "\"Legal drinking age controversy in the United States\"\nmotor vehicle incidents have decreased. Alcohol is the most commonly used and abused drug among youth in the United States, more than tobacco and illicit drugs. Although the purchase of alcohol by persons under the age of 21 is illegal, people aged 12–20 years old drink 11% of all alcohol consumed in the US. Among the 14 million adults aged 21 or older who were classified as having alcohol dependence or abuse in the past year, more than 13 million had started using alcohol before age 21. Since 1984, when the National Minimum Drinking Age Act made the minimum legal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19474985", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol laws of Kansas\"\nreduced by 10% the federal highway funding of any state which did not have a minimum drinking age of 21, the Kansas Legislature raised the drinking age from 18 to 21, effective January 1, 1985. Previously, the drinking age for CMB was 18. Persons under 21 are prohibited from purchasing or possessing any type of alcohol, from consuming alcohol for anything other than religious or prescribed medicinal purposes, or from having a blood alcohol level of more than .02%. There is exception for parents wishing to provide their own child CMB under K.S.A. 41-727(e). Alcohol laws of Kansas The alcohol", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3434774", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States\"\nAlcohol consumption by youth in the United States Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States of America is an umbrella term for alcohol consumption by individuals under the age of 18 in the country. Although the minimum legal age to purchase alcohol is 21 in all states (see National Minimum Drinking Age Act), the legal details for consumption vary greatly. While a few states completely ban alcohol usage for people under 18, the majority have exceptions that permit consumption. Underage drinking has become an activity primarily done behind closed doors. Typically, underage drinkers hide their alcohol consumption by drinking", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16028981", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol laws of New Jersey\"\none year. The first drinking age law in New Jersey was passed in 1846. It allowed the parents of a student under 21 to sue for up to $10 ($ in modern dollars) in damages against a tavern keeper or shopkeeper who supplied alcoholic beverages to their children. In 1880, a criminal statute was enacted, fining businesses that sold liquor to people under 18 if their parents had told the establishment not to sell to their child. The law was amended in 1888 to eliminate the parental consent provision, thus making it illegal in all cases for a tavern or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2682345", "chunk_text": "\"Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution\"\ntransport, and sale of intoxicating liquors illegal, though it did not outlaw the actual consumption of alcohol. Shortly after the amendment was ratified, Congress passed the Volstead Act to provide for the federal enforcement of Prohibition. The Volstead Act declared that liquor, wine, and beer all qualified as intoxicating liquors and were therefore prohibited. Under the terms of the Eighteenth Amendment, Prohibition began on January 17, 1920, one year after the amendment was ratified. Although the Eighteenth Amendment led to a decline in alcohol consumption in the United States, nationwide enforcement of Prohibition proved difficult, particularly in cities. Organized crime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9643067", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol laws of Wisconsin\"\nmay be served, possess, or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18-20 may also be served, possess or consume alcohol if they are with a parent, legal guardian, or spouse who is of legal drinking age. Those age 18 to 20 may also possess (but not consume) alcohol as part of their employment. The 1983 Wisconsin Act 74, effective July 1, 1984, created a drinking age of 19. Meeting in special session at the call of the governor, the legislature enacted 1985 Wisconsin Act 337, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11357889", "chunk_text": "Systembolaget\ndecided a new policy was needed. In 1955 the rationing system was abolished, and people were allowed to start buying as much alcohol as they wanted from Systembolaget stores (as long as they are sober, over 21 and not suspected of trying to sell it on). This led to increased consumption, so the government increased taxes heavily and made it compulsory that everyone had to show ID to get served. There was also an age limit of 21, which in 1969 was changed to 20. In 1965 it became legal for privately run stores to sell beer up to 4.5%", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11453083", "chunk_text": "\"Society of the United States\"\n\"\"dry\"\", and to this day, a handful still do. During the Vietnam War era, attitudes swung well away from prohibition. Commentators noted that an eighteen-year-old could be drafted into the military to fight in a war overseas, but could not buy a beer. Most states lowered the legal drinking age to eighteen. Since 1980, the trend has been toward greater restrictions on alcohol and drug use. The focus this time, however, has been to criminalize behaviors associated with alcohol, rather than attempt to prohibit consumption outright. New York was the first state to enact tough drink-driving laws in 1980; since", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17687770", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol law\"\nthe Norwegian Vinmonopolet and the Swedish Systembolaget (though in Sweden the limit for allowed ABV in supermarkets is 3.5%. In the United States, there was an attempt from 1919 to 1933 to eliminate the drinking of alcoholic beverages by means of a national prohibition of their manufacture and sale. This period became known as the \"\"Prohibition era\"\". During this time, the 18th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States made the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages illegal throughout the United States. Prohibition led to the unintended consequence of causing widespread disrespect for the law, as many people", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15856199", "chunk_text": "\"Low-alcohol beer\"\ncontent. In the United States, 3.2 beer was the highest alcohol content beer allowed to be produced legally for nine months in 1933. As part of his New Deal, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed the Cullen–Harrison Act that repealed the Volstead Act on March 22, 1933. In December 1933, the Twenty-first Amendment to the United States Constitution was passed, negating the federal government's power to regulate the sale of alcoholic beverages, though states retained the power to regulate. After the repeal of Prohibition, a number of state laws prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors remained in effect. As these were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3434779", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States\"\nAdministration created the \"\"Talk. They Hear You\"\" campaign that involved a mobile app to assist parents with having conversations about alcohol usage to their children. To summarize the motivations for underage drinking, cultural norms allow underage drinking while social pressures facilitate them. Although the legal drinking age is set at 21, drinking at age 18 or upon entrance into college is the culturally accepted limit. This cultural permission is the primary reason many college students ignore laws concerning drinking. In addition to cultural motivations, students are socially expected to drink. Often if not always, social gatherings are centered on drinking.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9643068", "chunk_text": "\"Alcohol laws of Wisconsin\"\nraised the drinking age to 21 and brought the state into compliance with the NMDA (National Minimum Drinking Age) on September 1, 1986. The NMDA law was amended to permit an exception for those persons who were between ages 18 and 21 on the effective date of the law. Wisconsin 19- and 20-year-olds were “grandfathered in” by this exception after enactment of Act 337. In effect, the state did not have a uniform age of 21 until September 1, 1988. Alcohol laws of Wisconsin The alcohol laws of Wisconsin consist of both statewide statutes and local ordinances governing the sale", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_205	method used by a writer to develop a character?	n/a	[ "Anthropomorphism", "Personification", "Hamartia", "Pathetic fallacy" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11183518", "chunk_text": "\"Character arc\"\nCharacter arc A character arc is the transformation or inner journey of a character over the course of a story. If a story has a character arc, the character begins as one sort of person and gradually transforms into a different sort of person in response to changing developments in the story. Since the change is often substantive and leading from one personality trait to a diametrically opposite trait (for example, from greed to benevolence), the geometric term \"\"arc\"\" is often used to describe the sweeping change. In most stories, lead characters and protagonists are the characters most likely to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15173636", "chunk_text": "\"Author surrogate\"\nAuthor surrogate As a literary technique, an author surrogate is a fictional character based on the author. On occasion, authors insert themselves under their own name into their works, typically for humorous or surrealistic effect. Frequently, the author surrogate is the same as the main character and/or the protagonist, and is also often the narrator. As an example, the author surrogate may be the one who delivers political diatribe, expressing the author's beliefs at an appropriate time, or expound on the strengths and weaknesses of other characters, thereby communicating directly the author's opinion on the characters in question. Philosophers may", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12519391", "chunk_text": "\"Building a Character\"\nBuilding a Character Building a Character () is the second of stage actor/director Constantin Stanislavski's three books on his method for learning the art of acting. It was first published in Russian in 1948; Elizabeth Reynolds Hapgood's seminal English translation was published by Theatre Art Books of New York the following year. In Stanislavski's most widely read work, \"\"An Actor Prepares\"\", he describes a process by which an actor imagines the character he will become. In \"\"Building a Character\"\", he explains that the outward expressions of character must flow from that character's inner life: his memories, beliefs, preoccupations, and so", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10340647", "chunk_text": "\"Character creation\"\nCharacter creation Character creation (also character generation or character design) is the process of defining a game character or other character. Typically, a character's individual strengths and weaknesses are represented by a set of statistics. Games with a largely fictional setting may include traits such as race and class. Games with a more contemporary or narrower setting may limit customization to physical and personality traits. Character creation is typically the first step taken by the players (as opposed to the gamemaster) in preparation for a game. The result of character creation is a \"\"direct characterization\"\" that is recorded on a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1478822", "chunk_text": "\"Character (arts)\"\nmiming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality, self-determination, and the social order. In fiction writing, authors create dynamic characters by many methods. Sometimes characters are conjured up from imagination; in other instances, they are created by amplifying the character trait of a real person into a new fictional creation, or are created from scratch as a matter of expediency. In his book \"\"Aspects of the Novel\"\", E. M. Forster defined two basic types of characters, their qualities, functions, and importance for the development of the novel: flat characters and round characters. Flat characters are two-dimensional, in that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6387828", "chunk_text": "\"Free writing\"\nFree writing Free writing is a prewriting technique in which a person writes continuously for a set period of time without regard to spelling, grammar, or topic. It produces raw, often unusable material, but helps writers overcome blocks of apathy and self-criticism. It is used mainly by prose writers and writing teachers. Some writers use the technique to collect initial thoughts and ideas on a topic, often as a preliminary to formal writing. Free writing is not the same as automatic writing. Unlike brainstorming where ideas are simply listed, in freewriting one writes sentences to form a paragraph about whatever", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7418437", "chunk_text": "Prewriting\nPrewriting Prewriting is the first stage of the writing process, typically followed by drafting, revision, editing and publishing. Prewriting can consist of a combination of outlining, diagramming, storyboarding, clustering (for a technique similar to clustering, see mindmapping). Prewriting usually begins with motivation and audience awareness: what is the student or writer trying to communicate, why is it important to communicate it well and who is the audience for this communication. It helps you put your thought out onto the paper on what you want to write about. Writers usually begin with a clear idea of audience, content and the importance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10734331", "chunk_text": "Characterology\nCharacterology Characterology (from Greek \"\"character\"\" and , \"\"-logia\"\") is a method of character reading that attempted to combine revised physiognomy, reconstructed phrenology and amplified pathognomy, with ethnology, sociology and anthropology. Developed by L. Hamilton McCormick in the 1920s, characterology was an attempt to produce a scientific, objective system to assess an individual's character. Characterology attempted to resolve flaws in the phrenological systems of Franz Joseph Gall and Johann Spurzheim. McCormick tried to distance himself from those earlier systems, and wrote extensively about how his ideas improved upon them. McCormick suggested possible applications for characterology, e.g., advice for parents and educators,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5185049", "chunk_text": "\"Writing style\"\nWriting style In literature, writing style is the manner of expressing thought in language characteristic of an individual, period, school, or nation. Thus, style is a term that may refer, at one and the same time, to both conventions that go beyond the individual writer and to singular aspects of individual writing. Beyond the essential elements of spelling, grammar, and punctuation, writing style is the choice of words, sentence structure, and paragraph structure, used to convey the meaning effectively. The former are referred to as \"\"rules\"\", \"\"elements\"\", \"\"essentials\"\", \"\"mechanics\"\", or \"\"handbook\"\"; the latter are referred to as \"\"style\"\", or \"\"rhetoric\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "848914", "chunk_text": "\"Zooming (writing skill)\"\nZooming (writing skill) Zooming is a common writing skill especially used in descriptive writing that gives the reader the feeling of moving through space towards or away from a character or object. It can be divided into two types, zooming in and zooming out. When zooming in, the storyteller guides the reader to follow his/her point of view. At the start, it is usually an aerial shot of the fictional world, giving a bird's eye view of the place. The writer then delimits the reader's scope and finally leads the reader to the object of focus, or the focalised object.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7201542", "chunk_text": "\"Palmer Method\"\nthe writer to effectively compete with the typewriter. To educators, the method's advocates emphasized regimentation, and that the method would thus be useful in schools to increase discipline and character, and could even reform delinquents. The Palmer Method began to fall out of popularity in the 1950s and was eventually supplanted by the Zaner-Bloser method, which sought to teach children manuscript before teaching them cursive, in order to provide them with a means of written expression as soon as possible, and thus develop writing skills. The D'Nealian method, introduced in 1978, sought to address problems raised by the Zaner-Bloser method,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6387829", "chunk_text": "\"Free writing\"\ncomes to mind. Dorothea Brande was an early proponent of freewriting. In her book \"\"Becoming a Writer\"\" (1934), she advises readers to sit and write for 30 minutes every morning, as fast as they can. Peter Elbow advanced freewriting in his book \"\"Writing Without Teachers\"\" (1973), and it has been popularized by Julia Cameron through her book \"\"The Artist's Way\"\" (1992). The technique involves continuous writing, usually for a predetermined period of time (often five to fifteen minutes). The writer writes without regard to spelling, grammar, etc., and makes no corrections. If the writer reaches a point where they can't", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1478819", "chunk_text": "\"Character (arts)\"\nCharacter (arts) A character (sometimes known as a fictional character) is a person or other being in a narrative (such as a novel, play, television series, film, or video game). The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person, in which case the distinction of a \"\"fictional\"\" versus \"\"real\"\" character may be made. Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ, the English word dates from the Restoration, although it became widely used after its appearance in \"\"Tom Jones\"\" in 1749. From this, the sense of \"\"a part played by an actor\"\" developed. Character, particularly when enacted by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2983395", "chunk_text": "\"Fiction-writing mode\"\nthat it takes up less space than other fiction-writing modes. Effective use of summarization requires a balance between showing and telling, action and summary, with rhythm, pace and tone playing a role. Introspection (also referred to as internal dialogue, interior monologue, or self-talk) is the fiction-writing mode used to convey the thoughts of a character, allowing the expression of normally unexpressed thoughts. Introspection may also be used to: Recollection is the fiction-writing mode whereby a character remembers a detail or event. It plays a vital role in conveying backstory by allowing writers to convey information from earlier in the story", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "84578", "chunk_text": "\"Building a Character\"\non. He then elaborates ways in which the actor's manner of speech, dress, and movement (gestures, facial expressions, etc.) evidence the character's inner experience. \"\"Creating a Role\"\", the final book in the trilogy, followed \"\"Building a Character\"\" in 1957. Building a Character Building a Character () is the second of stage actor/director Constantin Stanislavski's three books on his method for learning the art of acting. It was first published in Russian in 1948; Elizabeth Reynolds Hapgood's seminal English translation was published by Theatre Art Books of New York the following year. In Stanislavski's most widely read work, \"\"An Actor Prepares\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1449779", "chunk_text": "Characterization\nthe writer must show them doing and saying things, but a character must be defined by more than one single topic of conversation or by the character’s accent. The character will have other interests or personality quirks as well. Although individual temperament is the largest determinant of what a character says, it is not the only one. The writer can make the characters’ dialogue more realistic and interesting by considering several factors affecting how people speak: ethnicity, family background, region, gender, education, and circumstances. Words characterize by their diction, cadence, complexity, and attitude. Mannerisms and catch-phrases can help too. Considering", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17794232", "chunk_text": "Writer\nWriters use prose, poetry, and letters as part of courtship rituals. Edmond Rostand's play \"\"Cyrano de Bergerac\"\", written in verse, is about both the power of love and the power of the self-doubting writer/hero's writing talent. Writers sometimes use a pseudonym, otherwise known as a pen name or \"\"nom de plume\"\". The reasons they do this include to separate their writing from other work (or other types of writing) for which they are known; to enhance the possibility of publication by reducing prejudice (such as against women writers or writers of a particular ethnicity); to reduce personal risk (such as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1449780", "chunk_text": "Characterization\nthe degree of formality in spoken language is also useful. Characters who spend a lot of their lives in a more formal setting often use a more formal language all the time, while others never do. Characterization Characterization or characterisation is the representation of persons (or other beings or creatures) in narrative and dramatic works of art. This representation may include direct methods like the attribution of qualities in description or commentary, and indirect (or \"\"dramatic\"\") methods inviting readers to infer qualities from characters' actions, dialogue, or appearance. Such a personage is called a character. Character is a literary element.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3906445", "chunk_text": "\"Character creation\"\nadd new ones, usually by spending experience points or when gaining a new experience level. Character advancement typically uses similar rules as character creation. To avoid unrealistic sudden changes in character concept, though, character advancement is usually more restricted than the initial character creation. For example, attributes are almost always harder (if not impossible) to change during character advancement. The term character development is, in some contexts, used interchangeably with \"\"character advancement\"\" (in a sense similar to \"\"professional development\"\" or \"\"Human Development\"\"), whereas elsewhere \"\"character development\"\" refers instead to the player’s indirect characterization of the character through role-playing (in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7418450", "chunk_text": "Prewriting\nprocessors, spreadsheets and publishing programs; however, technology appears to be more useful in the revision, editing and publishing phases of prewriting. Teaching writing as a process is accepted pedagogical practice, but there is increasing concern that writing tests do not allow for the full writing process, especially cutting short the time needed for prewriting tasks. Prewriting Prewriting is the first stage of the writing process, typically followed by drafting, revision, editing and publishing. Prewriting can consist of a combination of outlining, diagramming, storyboarding, clustering (for a technique similar to clustering, see mindmapping). Prewriting usually begins with motivation and audience awareness:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4428869", "chunk_text": "\"Film treatment\"\nbeing of seven to twelve pages. Treatments are widely used within the motion picture industry as selling documents to outline story and character aspects of a planned screenplay, whereas outlines are generally produced as part of the development process. Screenwriters may use a treatment to initially pitch a screenplay, but may also use a treatment to sell a concept they are pitching without a completed screenplay. Film treatment A film treatment (or simply treatment) is a piece of prose, typically the step between scene cards (index cards) and the first draft of a screenplay for a motion picture, television program,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6423330", "chunk_text": "\"Character blogging\"\nCharacter blogging Character blogs are a type of blog written as though a fictional character, rather than an actual person, is making the blog post. There are many character blogs on the Internet, and it has recently become popular among TV show producers as a means of promoting their show. Sometimes these character blogs are done as a simple means of expression by fans or regular people unaffiliated with any professional media. In the current decade they have become an outlet for fans of TV show, movie, and comic book characters, to play with and interact with characters ranging from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17794174", "chunk_text": "Writer\nWriter A writer is a person who uses written words in various styles and techniques to communicate their ideas. Writers produce various forms of literary art and creative writing such as novels, short stories, poetry, plays, screenplays, and essays as well as various reports and news articles that may be of interest to the public. Writers' texts are published across a range of media. Skilled writers who are able to use language to express ideas well, often contribute significantly to the cultural content of a society. The term \"\"writer\"\" is also used elsewhere in the arts – such as songwriter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10220940", "chunk_text": "Ethopoeia\nEthopoeia Ethopoeia (ee-tho-po-EE-ya)is the ancient Greek term for the creation of a character. \"\"Ethopoeia\"\" was a technique used by early students of rhetoric in order to create a successful speech or oration by impersonating a subject or client. Ethopoeia contains elements of both ethos and pathos and this in noticeable in the three divisions of ethopoeia. These three divisions are pathetical (dealing with emotions), ethical (dealing with character) and mixed ( a combination of both emotion and character). It is essential to impersonation, one of the fourteen progymnasmata exercises created for the early schools of rhetoric. Ethopoeia, derived from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10798943", "chunk_text": "\"Fiction writing\"\nand is usually a person, but may be any persona, identity, or entity whose existence originates from a fictional work or performance. Characters may be of several types: The plot, or storyline, is the rendering and ordering of the events and actions of a story. Starting with the initiating event, then the rising action, conflict, climax, falling action, and ending possibly with a resolution. Plot consists of action and reaction, also referred to as stimulus and response and has a beginning, a middle, and an ending. The climax of the novel consists of a single action-packed sentence in which the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5820523", "chunk_text": "\"Character evolution\"\nCharacter evolution Character evolution is the process by which a character or trait (a certain body part or property of an organism) evolves along the branches of an evolutionary tree. Character evolution usually refers to single changes within a lineage that make this lineage unique from others. These changes are called character state changes and they are often used in the study of evolution to provide a record of common ancestry. Character state changes can be phenotypic changes, nucleotide substitutions, or amino acid substitutions. These small changes in a species can be identifying features of when exactly a new lineage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16234358", "chunk_text": "Backstory\nBackstory A backstory, background story, back-story, or background is a set of events invented for a plot, presented as preceding and leading up to that plot. It is a literary device of a narrative history all chronologically earlier than the narrative of primary interest. In acting, it is the history of the character before the drama begins, and is created during the actor's preparation. It is the history of characters and other elements that underlie the situation existing at the main narrative's start. Even a purely historical work selectively reveals backstory to the audience. As a literary device, backstory is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1535446", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Dann\"\nof material to fuel further creative work. He studied in Method acting in the 1960s, a technique which involves total immersion into a character's life, experiences, habits and outlook, and parallels this propensity for in depth research. He has made links between this training and his approach to developing his fictional characters. In the case of his novel \"\"Bad Medicine\"\", which includes a character who is a Native American medicine man, he spent a year with the Sioux People, and participated in traditional ceremonies. He advocates the development of writing technique through rigorous writing workshops, where emerging writers are guided", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17902135", "chunk_text": "\"Method acting\"\nMethod acting Method acting is a range of training and rehearsal techniques that seek to encourage sincere and emotionally expressive performances, as formulated by a number of different theatre practitioners. These techniques are built on Stanislavski's system, developed by the Russian actor and director Konstantin Stanislavski and captured in his books \"\"An Actor Prepares\"\", \"\"Building a Character\"\", and \"\"Creating a Role\"\". Among those who have contributed to the development of the Method, three teachers are associated with \"\"having set the standard of its success\"\", each emphasizing different aspects of the approach: Lee Strasberg (the psychological aspects), Stella Adler (the sociological", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16924180", "chunk_text": "\"Method acting\"\nMethod acting Method acting is a range of training and rehearsal techniques that seek to encourage sincere and emotionally expressive performances, as formulated by a number of different theatre practitioners. These techniques are built on Stanislavski's system, developed by the Russian actor and director Konstantin Stanislavski and captured in his books \"\"An Actor Prepares\"\", \"\"Building a Character\"\", and \"\"Creating a Role\"\". Among those who have contributed to the development of the Method, three teachers are associated with \"\"having set the standard of its success\"\", each emphasizing different aspects of the approach: Lee Strasberg (the psychological aspects), Stella Adler (the sociological", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17907406", "chunk_text": "\"False protagonist\"\nFalse protagonist In fiction, a false protagonist is a literary technique, often used to make the plot more jarring or more memorable by fooling the audience's preconceptions, that constructs a character who the audience assumes is the protagonist but is later revealed not to be. A false protagonist is presented at the start of the fictional work as the main character, but then is eradicated, often by killing them (usually for shock value or as a plot twist) or changed in terms of their role in the story (i.e. making them a lesser character, a character who leaves the story,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3052239", "chunk_text": "\"Exposition (narrative)\"\nexposition, sometimes called incluing, is a technique of worldbuilding in which the reader is gradually exposed to background information about the world in which a story is set. The idea is to \"\"clue\"\" the readers in to the world the author is building without them being aware of it. This can be done in a number of ways: through dialogues, flashbacks, characters' thoughts, background details, in-universe media, or the narrator telling a backstory. Instead of saying \"\"I am a woman\"\", a first person narrator can say \"\"I kept the papers inside my purse.\"\" The reader (in most English-speaking cultures) now", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15385317", "chunk_text": "Screenwriting\nis to evoke those thoughts and emotions through subtext, action, and symbolism. Several main screenwriting theories help writers approach the screenplay by systematizing the structure, goals and techniques of writing a script. The most common kinds of theories are structural. Screenwriter William Goldman is widely quoted as saying \"\"Screenplays are structure\"\". The three acts are setup (of the location and characters), confrontation (with an obstacle), and resolution (culminating in a climax and a dénouement). Usually, in a two-hour film, the first and third acts both typically last around 30 minutes, with the middle act lasting roughly an hour, but today", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10340652", "chunk_text": "\"Character creation\"\nare made according to the following principles: \"\"Prescription\"\": The decision is predetermined by the rules (often by a formula or a table that maps one or more already-established statistics to a specific choice for another), or it is made by the game master prior to character creation. Examples would be the skill bonuses a character gets from his attributes in many games (which are usually determined by a table or a simple formula) or the amount of character points a player gets to use for character creation (in \"\"GURPS\"\", for example, this is set by the game master). This method", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18112665", "chunk_text": "\"Character structure\"\nCharacter structure A character structure is a system of secondary traits that are manifested in the specific ways that an individual relates and reacts to others, to various kinds of stimuli, and to the environment. A child whose nurture and/or education cause them to have conflict between legitimate feelings, living in a illogical environment and interacting with adults who do not take the long-term interests of the child to heart will be more likely to form these secondary traits. In this manner the child blocks the unwanted emotional reaction that would have normally occurred. Although this may serve the child", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20960274", "chunk_text": "\"Fiction-writing mode\"\nFiction-writing mode A fiction-writing mode is a manner of writing with its own set of conventions regarding how, when, and where it should be used. Fiction is a form of narrative, one of the four rhetorical modes of discourse. Fiction-writing also has distinct forms of expression, or modes, each with its own purposes and conventions. Currently, there is no consensus within the writing community regarding the number and composition of fiction-writing modes and their uses. Some writing modes suggested include action, dialogue, thoughts, summary, scene, description, background, exposition and transition. The concept goes back at least as far as Aristotle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10734332", "chunk_text": "Characterology\nguidance in military officer promotions, evaluating thinking patterns (i.e., reason-oriented or memory-oriented ), assessing business associates and competitors, career counseling, and selecting marital partners. Characterology Characterology (from Greek \"\"character\"\" and , \"\"-logia\"\") is a method of character reading that attempted to combine revised physiognomy, reconstructed phrenology and amplified pathognomy, with ethnology, sociology and anthropology. Developed by L. Hamilton McCormick in the 1920s, characterology was an attempt to produce a scientific, objective system to assess an individual's character. Characterology attempted to resolve flaws in the phrenological systems of Franz Joseph Gall and Johann Spurzheim. McCormick tried to distance himself from those", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3052238", "chunk_text": "\"Exposition (narrative)\"\nExposition (narrative) Narrative exposition is the insertion of important background information within a story; for example, information about the setting, characters' backstories, prior plot events, historical context, etc. In a specifically literary context, exposition appears in the form of expository writing embedded within the narrative. Exposition is one of four rhetorical modes (also known as \"\"modes of discourse\"\"), along with description, argumentation, and narration, as elucidated by Alexander Bain and John Genung. Each of the rhetorical modes is present in a variety of forms, and each has its own purpose and conventions. There are several ways to accomplish exposition. Indirect", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11183519", "chunk_text": "\"Character arc\"\nexperience character arcs, although it is possible for lesser characters to change as well. A driving element of the plots of many stories is that the main character seems initially unable to overcome opposing forces, possibly because they lack skills or knowledge or resources or friends. To overcome such obstacles, the protagonist must change, possibly by learning new skills, to arrive at a higher sense of self-awareness or capability. Protagonists can achieve such self-awareness by interacting with their environment, by enlisting the help of mentors, by changing their viewpoint, or by some other method. Throughout the trajectory of narratives with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3906446", "chunk_text": "\"Character creation\"\nsense similar to \"\"film developing\"\"). A character’s initial attribute scores are usually either generated randomly or determined by distributing character points, and some systems use a combination of both possibilities. Some game systems allow attribute scores to be increased later in the game in a way similar to skills (but much less frequently), usually by some sort of point distribution system. Characters can also gain a number of skills. What types of skills the characters can learn and how easily they can be learned usually depends on if the character creation system is “class based” or “skill based”. The process", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4820418", "chunk_text": "\"Constructing a Story\"\nThe general principle of Lavandier’s approach is: \"\"\"\"You don’t build a house starting with the wallpaper.\"\"\"\" As in \"\"Writing Drama\"\", the author puts forth a vision of the \"\"three-act structure\"\" that differs to that of many Anglo-Saxon theorists and that he considers \"\"\"\"simple, logical, and more importantly, natural: before the action, during the action, after the action.\"\"\"\" In addition to several passages covering the work of characterization, a large chapter is dedicated entirely to the character arc, the potential for psychological transformation for one of the characters. The author proposes tools to justify such a transformation and analyzes some twenty", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2983397", "chunk_text": "\"Fiction-writing mode\"\nhelp draw the reader in by conveying the actual sensations of things comprising the story, breathing life into its physical world. Since the reader has experienced only a portion of the sensations experienced by the character, the author aims to either provoke recall from the reader, or convey the experience, drawing the reader in and maintaining interest in the story. The fiction-writing mode of emotion conveys the feelings of the character, and is a vital component of creative writing. Connecting the character to his own emotions allows the author to connect with the reader on an emotional level. In \"\"Poetics\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16234362", "chunk_text": "Backstory\nFilling in details helps an actor interpret the script and create fully imagined characters. Backstory A backstory, background story, back-story, or background is a set of events invented for a plot, presented as preceding and leading up to that plot. It is a literary device of a narrative history all chronologically earlier than the narrative of primary interest. In acting, it is the history of the character before the drama begins, and is created during the actor's preparation. It is the history of characters and other elements that underlie the situation existing at the main narrative's start. Even a purely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1478820", "chunk_text": "\"Character (arts)\"\nan actor in the theatre or cinema, involves \"\"the illusion of being a human person\"\". In literature, characters guide readers through their stories, helping them to understand plots and ponder themes. Since the end of the 18th century, the phrase \"\"in character\"\" has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor. Since the 19th century, the art of creating characters, as practiced by actors or writers, has been called characterisation. A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type. Types include both stock characters and those that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13134854", "chunk_text": "\"Composite character\"\nComposite character In a work of media adapted from a real or fictional narrative, a composite character is a character based on more than one individual from the preceding story. Two or more fictional characters are often combined into a single character in the course of an adaptation of a work for a different medium, as in adapting a novel in the course of authoring a screenplay for a film. A composite character may be modeled on historical or biographical figures. An amalgamation or amalgam, when used to refer to a fictional character or place, refers to one that was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17048059", "chunk_text": "Autofiction\nAutofiction Autofiction is a term used in literary criticism to refer to a form of fictionalized autobiography. Serge Doubrovsky coined the term in 1977 with reference to his novel \"\"Fils\"\". Philippe Vilain distinguishes autofiction from autobiographical novels in that autofiction requires a first-person narrative by a protagonist who has the same name as the author. Autofiction combines two mutually inconsistent narrative forms, namely autobiography and fiction. An author may decide to recount his/her life in the third person, to modify significant details or 'characters', using fiction in the service of a search for self. It has parallels with faction, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10494301", "chunk_text": "Self-insertion\nSelf-insertion Self-insertion is a literary device in which a fictional character, who represents the real author of a work of fiction, appears as an idealized character within that fiction, either overtly or in disguise. In art, the equivalent is the inserted self-portrait, where the artist includes a self-portrait in a painting of a narrative subject. This has been a common artistic device since at least the European Renaissance. This literary device should not be confused with a first-person narrator, an author surrogate, or a character somewhat based on the author, whether the author included it intentionally or not. Many characters", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12597666", "chunk_text": "Creativity\nhigher levels of openness to experience and lower levels of conscientiousness, while scientists are more open to experience, conscientious, and higher in the confidence-dominance facets of extraversion compared to non-scientists. An alternative are biographical methods. These methods use quantitative characteristics such as the number of publications, patents, or performances of a work. While this method was originally developed for highly creative personalities, today it is also available as self-report questionnaires supplemented with frequent, less outstanding creative behaviors such as writing a short story or creating your own recipes. For example, the Creative Achievement Questionnaire, a self-report test that measures creative", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1935759", "chunk_text": "\"Level of detail (writing)\"\ncognitive effort required by the reader is appropriate to the general subject of the written as a whole. Authors use level of detail to maintain continuity in syntactic hierarchy in texts, such as a screenplays. Continuity in text is achieved by using transitional expressions to move from one detail, or level of detail, to another. Within the basic writing structure of \"\"introducing\"\", \"\"characterising\"\" and \"\"bringing to a close\"\" of any proper subject description, level of detail is used in theme development during \"\"elaboration\"\", \"\"evaluation\"\" and \"\"adding context\"\" as a repertoire of retrieval strategies. Van der Pool in 1995 had found", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "143448", "chunk_text": "\"Character sketch\"\nCharacter sketch The word character sketch means a rough-and-ready rendering or thumbnail portrayal of an individual, capturing, in brief, that person's physical characteristics, psychological attributes, and the like. The brief descriptions often capitalize on the more unusual or humorous aspects of the person’s character. Character sketches are usually identified by irony, humor, exaggeration, and satire. The term originates in portraiture, where the character sketch is a common academic exercise. The artist performing a character sketch attempts to capture an expression or gesture that goes beyond coincident actions and gets to the essence of the individual. The first English writer to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_206	when is the womens ice skating for the olympics?	n/a	[ "21 February", "21–23 February", "23 February" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7125208", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The five events took place between 9 and 23 February 2018. A total of 148 quota spots were available to athletes to compete at the games. Each NOC could enter a maximum of 18 athletes, with a maximum of nine men or nine women. An additional six quota spots were made available for the team event. A further ten team trophy quotas (two in each discipline) were distributed to countries who qualified for the team", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4165113", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles The ladies' single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 21 February, and the free skating was held on 23 February. For a complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best scores were set during this competition: The Olympic Athletes from Russia set two subsequent world records in the short program on February 21, with Evgenia Medvedeva scoring 81.61 and then Alina", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16954724", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nmade their Olympic debuts in the sport. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The five events took place between 9 and 23 February 2018. A total of 148 quota spots were available to athletes to compete at the games. Each NOC could enter a maximum of 18 athletes, with a maximum of nine men or nine women. An additional six quota spots were made available for the team event. A further ten team trophy quotas (two in each discipline) were distributed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3649085", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event The team event was a figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics that was held from 9 to 12 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. It took place over three days between 9–12 February with the short programs and the short dance taking place on 9 and 11 February, and the free skates and the free dance taking place on 11 and 12 February. In the victory ceremony, the medals were presented by Tricia Smith, Lydia Nsekera, and Britta Heidemann, members of the International", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3649088", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event\"\nwas held on 11 February 2018. The women's short program was held on 11 February 2018. The pairs free program was held on 11 February 2018. The men's free program was held on 12 February 2018. The women's free program was held on 12 February 2018. The ice dancing free program was held on 12 February 2018. After all events. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event The team event was a figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics that was held from 9 to 12 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4165115", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles\"\nfree skate 36.00. The short program was held on 21 February. The free skating was held on 23 February. <nowiki>*</nowiki> Evgenia Medvedeva finished at higher place due to better program component score <BR> The skaters were ranked according to their overall score. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles The ladies' single figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 21 February, and the free skating was held on 23 February. For a complete list of figure skating records, see", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20706805", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament\"\nIce hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament The women's tournament in ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held in Gangneung, South Korea between 10 and 22 February 2018. Eight countries qualified for the tournament; five of them did so automatically by virtue of their ranking by the International Ice Hockey Federation, one, South Korea, automatically qualified as hosts, while the two others took part in a qualification tournament. Under a special agreement with the IOC and the IIHF, twelve North Korean players joined the host team to form a united team. They were allowed to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17500007", "chunk_text": "\"2018 U.S. Figure Skating Championships\"\nfrom October to November 2017 or earned a bye. Skaters must place in the top 4 in order to earn a spot at the National Figure Skating Championships. In late December 2017, U.S. Figure Skating published the list of skaters who had qualified or received a bye. The competition took place over ten days. All times are in PST. U.S. Figure Skating began announcing the team for the 2018 Winter Olympics on January 6, 2018. The selections for the team event at the Olympics were as follows: U.S. Figure Skating began announcing the team for the 2018 World Championships on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10248563", "chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Oval in Gangneung, South Korea between 10 and 24 February 2018. A total quota of 180 athletes were allowed to compete at the Games (maximum 100 men and 80 women). Countries were assigned quotas based on the results of the entire 2017–18 ISU Speed Skating World Cup in the autumn of 2017. Each nation was permitted to enter a maximum of three athletes per gender for all events apart from the 5000m, 10,000m and mass start events, for which they could", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11219063", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey\"\nToronto, Ontario, Canada. This was followed by the first IIHF World Championship in 1990 in Ottawa. Women's ice hockey was added as a medal sport at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan. The United States won the gold, Canada won the silver and Finland won the bronze medal. The United States won the gold medal again in 2018 at the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The United States Hockey League (USHL) welcomed the first female professional ice hockey player in 1969–70, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch. One woman, Manon Rhéaume, has played in an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10248566", "chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\ninline speed skating and ice speed skating in order to compete at the Olympic games.<br> Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Oval in Gangneung, South Korea between 10 and 24 February 2018. A total quota of 180 athletes were allowed to compete at the Games (maximum 100 men and 80 women). Countries were assigned quotas based on the results of the entire 2017–18 ISU Speed Skating World Cup in the autumn of 2017. Each nation was permitted to enter a maximum of three athletes per gender for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6347461", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance The ice dance competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 19 and 20 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short ice dance was held on 19 February and the free ice dance was held on 20 February. Tessa Virtue and Scott Moir scored 83.67 in the short dance, breaking their own world record. Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron finished in second place, 1.74 points behind Virtue/Moir. Madison Hubbell and Zachary Donohue finished in third place, and Maia Shibutani and Alex Shibutani were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20706809", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament\"\nby points, then goals. Only the top five goaltenders, based on save percentage, who have played at least 40% of their team's minutes, are included in this list. Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament The women's tournament in ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held in Gangneung, South Korea between 10 and 22 February 2018. Eight countries qualified for the tournament; five of them did so automatically by virtue of their ranking by the International Ice Hockey Federation, one, South Korea, automatically qualified as hosts, while the two others took part in a qualification", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5776346", "chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's mass start\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's mass start The women's mass start speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held 24 February 2018 at Gangneung Oval in Gangneung on This was the first time the mass start has been introduced to the Olympics. The competition was held as a points race. There were 12 skaters in each semifinal. The eight best finishers from each of two semi-finals competed in the final. Each race consisted of 16 laps. Three leaders after last 16th lap received 60, 40 and 20 points respectively. Three intermediate sprints award points", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3649086", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event\"\nOlympic Committee; accompanied by Halina Gordon-Poltorak, ISU Ice Dance Technical Committee Chair, Fabio Bianchetti, ISU Single and Pair Skating Technical Committee Chair, and Christopher Buchanan, ISU Synchronized Skating Technical Committee Chair. For a complete list of figure skating records, see list of highest scores in figure skating. The following new best score was set during this competition: This record was shortly broken in the 2018 Winter Olympics Ladies's Short Program by Alina Zagitova with a score of 82.92. Evgenia broke her own record with a score of 81.61, before Zagitova scored higher after skating after. A total of 10 teams", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12492767", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the Olympic Games\"\ngold, rebounding from a two-nothing deficit late in the game. With the win, Canadians Hayley Wickenheiser, Jayna Hefford and Caroline Ouellette became the first athletes to win four ice hockey gold medals. They also joined Soviet biathlete Alexander Tikhonov and German speedskater Claudia Pechstein as the only athletes to win gold medals in four straight Winter Olympics. In the bronze medal game Switzerland beat Sweden 4–3 to win their first women's medal. In 2018, the United States defeated Canada for the gold medal in a shootout, winning 3–2. The Americans' winning the gold medal game marks the first time in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6412736", "chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 500 metres\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 500 metres The women's 500 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 18 February 2018 at Gangneung Oval in Gangneung Pre-race favourites were Nao Kodaira, world record holder at this distance and winner of every single pre-Olympic ISU World Cup 500m in the 2017/18 season, and Lee Sang-hwa, two-time Olympic 500m gold medallist. Skating in the fourth pair, Jorien Ter Mors posted a time of 37.53, which stood until Brittany Bowe improved it by 0.009 seconds in the eleventh pair. Starting in pair 16 versus Karolína", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20706806", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament\"\nhave an expanded roster of 35 where 22 players dress for each game. Three North Korean players were selected for each game by coach Sarah Murray. The United States winning the gold medal game against Canada marks the first time in 20 years that the United States took home a gold medal in women's hockey. They previously won in 1998 in Nagano, Japan, which was also against Canada. Canada's loss effectively ended their winning streak of four consecutive winter games, having won since 2002. Canada and the United States assured themselves of top four ranking after the 2016 Women's Ice", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10837898", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\naccommodate a break, but allowed its top players to leave the clubs and participate in the Olympic Games. The women's tournament ran from 10 to 22 February with eight nations competing. The format was the same as 2014. The top 4 seeded teams played in group A and the next four in group B. The top two seeds from group A received a bye from the quarterfinal round. The bottom two group A teams played the top two group B teams in the quarterfinal round. The winner of these two games played the top two group A teams in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2069782", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nFor the women’s tournament, the most attended games were, respectively, the United States of America, Korea, Finland, and Canada. A total of 496 athletes from 14 nations (including the IOC's designation of Olympic Athletes from Russia) were scheduled to participate (the numbers of athletes are shown in parentheses). The IOC initially admitted 13 men's or women's teams to compete. Later, North Korean athletes were rostered to participate in the women's tournament alongside South Korean athletes in a combined women's Korean team. Men's rosters can be made up of 25 players, while women's rosters can consist of up to 23. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "446924", "chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 5000 metres\"\nSpeed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 5000 metres The women's 5000 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at Gangneung Oval in Gangneung on 16 February 2018. The event was won by Esmee Visser, skating her first Olympic race. The defending champion Martina Sáblíková finished second. Natalya Voronina was third, also earning her first Olympic medal. Skating in the first pair, Annouk van der Weijden raced to a time of 6:54.17, shaving two seconds off her personal best and taking the lead. She retained it until the fourth pair, where Esmee Visser, in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664136", "chunk_text": "\"Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament\"\nCurling at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament The women's curling tournament of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 14 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. Ten nations competed in a round robin preliminary round, and the top four nations at the conclusion of the round robin qualified for the medal round. The teams are listed as follows: All draw times are listed in Seoul Time (UTC+9). \"\"Wednesday, 14 February, 14:05\"\" \"\"Thursday, 15 February, 09:05\"\" \"\"Thursday, 15 February, 20:05\"\" \"\"Friday, 16 February, 14:05\"\" \"\"Saturday, 17 February, 09:05\"\" \"\"Saturday, 17 February, 20:05\"\" \"\"Sunday, 18 February, 14:05\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937009", "chunk_text": "\"Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nand 9 female) across all four individual and pairs events. This meant Canada qualified the most figure skaters out of all nations. The team was announced after the conclusion of the 2018 Canadian Figure Skating Championships. Canada also qualified in the team event after finishing in first place in the overall qualification rankings. Canada qualified a men's and women's team for a total of 48 athletes (25 men and 23 women). Canada men's national ice hockey team qualified by finishing 1st in the 2015 IIHF World Ranking. The official roster of the games was announced on January 11, 2018. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16954744", "chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nShort track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The eight events were scheduled to take place between 10 and 22 February 2018. A total quota of 120 athletes were allowed to compete at the Games (60 men and 60 women). Countries were assigned quotas using the results of the entire 2017–18 World Cup in the autumn of 2017. Each nation was permitted to enter a maximum of five athletes per gender if it qualified a relay team and three", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7962347", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Winter Olympics\"\nand with the Olympic anthem played at any ceremony. Apart from the respective delegations, North Korea and South Korea formed a unified Korean women's ice hockey team.<br> To accommodate primetime broadcasts in the Americas, figure skating events were scheduled with morning start times; figure skating is one of the most popular Winter Olympic sports among U.S. viewers (due to the substantial fees NBC has paid for rights to the Olympics, the IOC has allowed NBC to have influence on event scheduling to maximize U.S. television ratings when possible). This scheduling practice affected the events themselves, including skaters having to adjust", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4197318", "chunk_text": "\"Freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's aerials\"\nFreestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's aerials The Women's aerials event in freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 15 and 16 February 2018 at the Bogwang Phoenix Park, Pyeongchang, South Korea. The top 25 athletes in the Olympic quota allocation list qualified, with a maximum of four athletes per National Olympic Committee (NOC) allowed. All athletes qualifying must also have placed in the top 30 FIS World Cup event or FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships during the qualification period (July 1, 2016 to January 21, 2018) and also have a minimum of 80", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4197312", "chunk_text": "\"Freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's moguls\"\nFreestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's moguls The Women's moguls event in freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place at the Bogwang Phoenix Park, Pyeongchang, South Korea from 9 to 11 February 2018. It was won by Perrine Laffont, with Justine Dufour-Lapointe taking silver and Yuliya Galysheva taking bronze. For Laffont and Galysheva these were first Olympic medals. Galysheva also won the first ever medal in Kazakhstan in freestyle skiing. The field included the defending champion, Justine Dufour-Lapointe, and the 2014 silver medalist and her sister, Chloé Dufour-Lapointe. Both advanced to Final 1, but only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16954746", "chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nparentheses). Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The eight events were scheduled to take place between 10 and 22 February 2018. A total quota of 120 athletes were allowed to compete at the Games (60 men and 60 women). Countries were assigned quotas using the results of the entire 2017–18 World Cup in the autumn of 2017. Each nation was permitted to enter a maximum of five athletes per gender if it qualified a relay team and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17068822", "chunk_text": "\"United States women's national ice hockey team\"\nthe 2018 4 Nations Cup. Head Coach: Bob Corkum Roster for the 2018 U22 Series. Head coach: Joel Johnson For the 2010 Olympics, the team's training and development program was located in Blaine, Minnesota, at the Schwan Super Rink, the largest ice facility in the world. For the 2014 Olympics, the team's training was located in the Greater Boston region at the Edge Sports Center in Bedford, Massachusetts, while off-ice fitness facility was located at the Mike Boyle Strength & Conditioning Center in Woburn, Massachusetts. On 15 March 2017, players for the U.S. women's ice hockey team announced that they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10096760", "chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 500 metres\"\nShort track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 500 metres The Women’s 500 metres in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place from 10 to 13 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The defending champion from 2014, Li Jianrou, had retired, but the 2014 silver medalist Arianna Fontana competed and eventually won the event. Elise Christie and Choi Min-jeong, who set two Olympic records each in heats and quarterfinals, were considered heavy favorites. They both qualified to the final, but Christie crashed out and finished fourth, and Choi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4197266", "chunk_text": "\"Short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 500 metres\"\nShort track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 500 metres The Women’s 500 metres in short track speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place from 10 to 13 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The defending champion from 2014, Li Jianrou, had retired, but the 2014 silver medalist Arianna Fontana competed and eventually won the event. Elise Christie and Choi Min-jeong, who set two Olympic records each in heats and quarterfinals, were considered heavy favorites. They both qualified to the final, but Christie crashed out and finished fourth, and Choi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16555738", "chunk_text": "\"Single skating\"\nAutumn Classic International in Montreal, Quebec. Russian skater Alina Zagitova holds the highest single women's short program score of 82.92, which she earned at the 2018 Winter Olympic Games in PyeongChang, South Korea. The short program for senior single skaters consists of seven required elements. The sequence of the elements is optional. Skaters can choose their own music, but their programs must be skated in harmony with it. Men single senior skaters must have the following elements in their short program: a double or triple axel; one triple or quadruple jump; a jump combination consisting of either a double jump", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4197310", "chunk_text": "\"Freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's slopestyle\"\nFreestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's slopestyle The Women's slopestyle event in freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place on 17 February 2018 at the Bogwang Phoenix Park, Pyeongchang, South Korea. The top 30 athletes in the Olympic quota allocation list qualified, with a maximum of four athletes per National Olympic Committee (NOC) allowed. All athletes qualifying must also have placed in the top 30 of a FIS World Cup event or the FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2017 during the qualification period (July 1, 2016 to January 21, 2018) and also have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6333221", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating\"\nthe minimum total elements score, which does not include component scores. For the short program this was 20.00 and the free skate 36.00. The short program was held on 14 February. The free skating was held on 15 February. The skaters are ranked according to their overall score. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating The pairs figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 14 February and the free skating on 15 February 2018. Aliona Savchenko and Bruno Massot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14017329", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 figure skating season\"\n2017–18 figure skating season The 2017–18 figure skating season began on July 1, 2017, and ended on June 30, 2018. During this season, elite skaters competed on the ISU Championship level at the 2018 European, Four Continents, World Junior, and World Championships. They also competed in elite events such as the Grand Prix series and Junior Grand Prix series, culminating in the Grand Prix Final, and the ISU Challenger Series. Skaters are eligible to compete in ISU events on the junior or senior levels according to their age: If skaters of different nationalities team up, the ISU requires that they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6347465", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance\"\nto have met the minimum total elements score, which did not include component scores. For the short program this was 19.00 and for the free skate it was 29.00. The short ice dance was held on 19 February. The free ice dance was held on 20 February. The skaters were ranked according to their total combined (overall) score. Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ice dance The ice dance competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 19 and 20 February 2018 at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short ice dance was held", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10709389", "chunk_text": "\"Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament\"\n\"\"Monday, 19 February, 09:05\"\" \"\"Monday, 19 February, 20:05\"\" \"\"Tuesday, 20 February, 14:05\"\" \"\"Wednesday, 21 February, 09:05\"\" \"\"Wednesday, 21 February, 20:05\"\" \"\"Friday, 23 February, 20:05\"\" \"\"Saturday, 24 February, 20:05\"\" \"\"Sunday, 25 February, 9:05\"\" The final standings are: Player percentages during round robin play are as follows: Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament The women's curling tournament of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 14 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. Ten nations competed in a round robin preliminary round, and the top four nations at the conclusion of the round robin qualified for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20706807", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament\"\nHockey World Championships by the end of the 2015 Championships and qualified for the A group. Finland, Russia, and Sweden qualified by their ranking after the 2016 Championships. South Korea qualified as the host team. The remaining two teams qualified from qualification tournaments. The top four teams based on the 2016 IIHF World Ranking, the United States, Canada, Finland and Olympic Athletes from Russia, compete in Group A, while the remaining four teams compete in Group B. The top two teams in Group A received a bye to the semifinals. In the quarterfinals, the third placed team in Group A", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7336102", "chunk_text": "\"Participation of women in the Olympics\"\ntime. At the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, women's ski jumping made its first appearance. Carina Vogt of Germany won the first gold medal for women in the sport. The 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro saw the first rugby sevens competition. The tournament was won by the Australian team. Golf was also re-added to the programme for the first time for women since 1900. Inbee Park of South Korea won the tournament. The 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang saw the addition of big air snowboarding, mixed doubles curling, mass start speed skating, and mixed team alpine skiing. Women", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "402718", "chunk_text": "\"Snowboarding at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's big air\"\nSnowboarding at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's big air The women's big air competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 19 and 22 February 2018 at the Alpensia Ski Jumping Stadium in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The event made its Olympic debut. The top 30 athletes in the Olympic quota allocation list qualified (for both big air and slopestyle, the rankings were combined). This meant only a maximum of 30 could qualify across both events. A maximum of four athletes per National Olympic Committee (NOC) was allowed. All athletes qualifying must also have placed in the top 30", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7905699", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nIce hockey at the 2018 Winter Olympics The ice hockey competitions of the 2018 Winter Olympics were played at two venues within the Gangneung Coastal Cluster in Gangneung, South Korea. The Gangneung Hockey Centre, which seats 10,000, and the Kwandong Hockey Centre, which seats 6,000, were both originally scheduled to be completed in 2016 but appear to have been completed in early 2017. Both venues contain Olympic-sized rinks (). Twelve teams competed in the men's tournament, which was to be held from 14 to 25 February, while eight teams competed in the women's tournament, from 10 to 22 February. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3649087", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Team event\"\nqualified to compete. Each nation must have qualified in three of the other four events to be considered for the team event. All athletes must have qualified for one of the other four events. However, if a nation did not qualify in one of the other four events, it was awarded an additional quota only for the team event. This was only used for Israel in the women's event. Member nations submitted the following entries: The men's short program was held on 9 February 2018. The pairs short program was held on 9 February 2018. The ice dancing short program", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9081612", "chunk_text": "\"Ice hockey at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament\"\nteam in 1920–32. Canadians Hayley Wickenheiser, Jayna Hefford and Caroline Ouellette became the first hockey players to win four Olympic gold medals. They also joined Soviet biathlete Alexander Tikhonov and German speed skater Claudia Pechstein as the only athletes to win gold medals in four straight Winter Olympics. On December 6, 2017 six Russian ice hockey players were disqualified for doping violations. Results of the Russian team were annulled. The IIHF was requested to modify the results accordingly. Tatiana Burina and Anna Shukina were also disqualified ten days later. Russia qualified as the host. Canada, the United States, Finland, Switzerland,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6333218", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating\"\nFigure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Pairs skating The pairs figure skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Gangneung Ice Arena in Gangneung, South Korea. The short program was held on 14 February and the free skating on 15 February 2018. Aliona Savchenko and Bruno Massot became Olympic champions after finishing fourth in the short program and setting a record with their score in the free program. Sui Wenjing and Han Cong, leading after the short program, made a couple of mistakes in the free program and won silver. Meagan Duhamel and Eric Radford", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16937011", "chunk_text": "\"Canada at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nskaters in August 2017. Later in 2017 after the conclusion of the 2017–18 ISU Short Track Speed Skating World Cup, Canada qualified a full team of ten athletes (five per gender), allowing all athletes named to the team to compete. On January 25, 2018, Speed Skating Canada officially unveiled the team and which events each athlete would compete in. Canada qualified the maximum team size of three men and three women. The team was officially announced on January 24, 2018. Canada qualified two ski jumpers, one male and one female. The team was officially announced on January 24, 2018. Canada", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4197315", "chunk_text": "\"Freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's moguls\"\nqualification round. In the first final round, the 12 best athletes qualified for the second final round. In the second final round, the 6 best athletes qualified for the third final round. The third final round determined the winner. Freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's moguls The Women's moguls event in freestyle skiing at the 2018 Winter Olympics took place at the Bogwang Phoenix Park, Pyeongchang, South Korea from 9 to 11 February 2018. It was won by Perrine Laffont, with Justine Dufour-Lapointe taking silver and Yuliya Galysheva taking bronze. For Laffont and Galysheva these were first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5776347", "chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's mass start\"\nto the first three competitors (5 points, 3 points, 1 point) after 4th, 8th and 12th laps. Event rankings were based on points gained in sprints, then by finish time for athletes with equal points. In the Gangneung Oval, the accurate distance of 16 laps of the warm-up lane, is 5,695.175 m (355.948 m each lap). All races were skated on the same day, 24 February 2018. The first semifinal was held at 20:00, the second at 20:15. The final was on the same day at 21:30. Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's mass start The women's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6412738", "chunk_text": "\"Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 500 metres\"\nSkating Championships, was unable to challenge for a medal in the final pair, finishing fourth. Prior to this competition, the existing world, Olympic and track records were as follows. The following records were set during this competition. The races were held at 20:56. Speed skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Women's 500 metres The women's 500 metres speed skating competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 18 February 2018 at Gangneung Oval in Gangneung Pre-race favourites were Nao Kodaira, world record holder at this distance and winner of every single pre-Olympic ISU World Cup 500m in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2618192", "chunk_text": "\"Curling at the 2018 Winter Olympics\"\nCurling at the 2018 Winter Olympics The curling competition at the 2018 Winter Olympics was held between 8 and 25 February 2018 at the Gangneung Curling Centre. This was the seventh time that curling is on the Olympic program. In each of the men's and women's competitions, ten nations competed. As decided in 2015, a third competition, mixed doubles curling, has graduated from a spectator sport to a full medal competition. Teams consisted of one woman and one man. There were eight participating countries in the mixed competition. Qualification to the curling tournaments at the Winter Olympics was determined through", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4165114", "chunk_text": "\"Figure skating at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Ladies' singles\"\nZagitova scoring 82.92 ten minutes later. A total of 30 skaters qualified to compete in the event, with each country allowed to only enter a maximum of three. 24 quotas were handed out during the 2017 World Figure Skating Championships and the remaining six were given out at the 2017 CS Nebelhorn Trophy. Each country decided the entry of its teams, and athletes winning the quota were not necessarily granted the right to compete. All athletes competing must have met the minimum total elements score, which does not include component scores. For the short program this was 20.00 and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_207	what position did doug peterson play in the nfl?	n/a	[ "holder on placekicks", "quarterback" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1990997", "chunk_text": "\"Cal Peterson\"\nCal Peterson Calvin Elston Peterson (born October 6, 1952) is a former professional American football linebacker in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Kansas City Chiefs and Los Angeles Raiders. He played college football at UCLA. Peterson prepped at Los Angeles High School, before moving on to UCLA, where he played the \"\"loose\"\" defensive end position and was a three-year starter. Peterson was selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the third round (72nd overall) of the 1974 NFL Draft, with the intention of converting him to an outside linebacker. As a rookie, his speed allowed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11612582", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Peterson (American football)\"\nKevin Peterson (American football) Kevin Lamont Peterson (born March 22, 1994) is an American football cornerback for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Oklahoma State. He has also been a member of the Chicago Bears. Peterson played high school football at Wagoner High School in Wagoner, Oklahoma. He recorded 1,621 rushing yards, 25 rushing touchdowns, 42 tackles and 3 interceptions his senior year in 2011, helping Wagoner win the Class 4A State title. This was the first football state championship in school history. In 2011, Peterson was named Oklahoma's Defensive Player", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10063792", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Peterson\"\nSolomon. Peterson is married to his wife Chantal and they have two sons: Mike, Jr. and Gavin. Mike Peterson Porter Michael Peterson (born June 17, 1976) is an American football coach and former player. He is currently the outside linebackers coach at the University of South Carolina. Peterson played college football at the University of Florida, where he was a member of a national championship team and earned All-American honors. He was a second-round pick in the 1999 NFL Draft and played professionally for thirteen seasons with the Indianapolis Colts, Jacksonville Jaguars and Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15164517", "chunk_text": "\"Julian Peterson\"\nJulian Peterson Julian Thomas Peterson (born July 28, 1978) is a former American football linebacker who played in the National Football League (NFL) for eleven seasons. He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the first round of the 2000 NFL Draft. He played college football for Michigan State University. Peterson also played for the Seattle Seahawks and the Detroit Lions. Peterson attended Crossland High School in Temple Hills, Maryland. He was the 1996 Chesapeake Classic MVP. Peterson attended Valley Forge Military Academy and College for two years before attending Michigan State. In two seasons at Valley Forge, he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1292164", "chunk_text": "\"Cal Peterson\"\nhe played for the Los Angeles Raiders and was active in 4 games. Cal Peterson Calvin Elston Peterson (born October 6, 1952) is a former professional American football linebacker in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Kansas City Chiefs and Los Angeles Raiders. He played college football at UCLA. Peterson prepped at Los Angeles High School, before moving on to UCLA, where he played the \"\"loose\"\" defensive end position and was a three-year starter. Peterson was selected by the Dallas Cowboys in the third round (72nd overall) of the 1974 NFL Draft, with the intention", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14209800", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Peterson (American football)\"\npreseason game. Kevin Peterson (American football) Kevin Lamont Peterson (born March 22, 1994) is an American football cornerback for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Oklahoma State. He has also been a member of the Chicago Bears. Peterson played high school football at Wagoner High School in Wagoner, Oklahoma. He recorded 1,621 rushing yards, 25 rushing touchdowns, 42 tackles and 3 interceptions his senior year in 2011, helping Wagoner win the Class 4A State title. This was the first football state championship in school history. In 2011, Peterson was named Oklahoma's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "427020", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Peterson\"\ncaptain in 1998, he was a first-team All-Southeastern Conference (SEC) selection and a first-team All-American, and was selected as the Gators' most valuable player by his teammates. Peterson was inducted into the University of Florida Athletic Hall of Fame as a \"\"Gator Great\"\" in 2011. The Indianapolis Colts selected Peterson in the second round (thirty-sixth pick overall) of the 1999 NFL Draft, and he played for the Colts for four seasons from to . Peterson also played for the Jacksonville Jaguars for the six seasons from to when he and coach Jack del Rio had a verbal altercation during a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9023798", "chunk_text": "\"Kenny Peterson\"\nalso a star basketball player achieving all-city selection as a senior. Peterson played college football at Ohio State. During his senior season, he was honored with second-team All-Big Ten Conference and helped his team win the BCS National Championship Game. He finished his college career with 84 tackles, 12 sacks, one interception, and three forced fumbles. Peterson was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the third round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He spent three seasons in Green Bay recording only three sacks. He was released by the Packers on September 2, 2006. On October 11, 2006 Peterson signed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12558522", "chunk_text": "\"Greg Peterson (American football)\"\nall-conference, all-state, was East Duplin’s Male Athlete of the Year and the teams Most Valuable Player. Peterson played college football at North Carolina Central University in Durham, North Carolina after spending two seasons at Hinds Community College in Raymond, Mississippi. During his senior year, he was named a Division II All-American and Sheridan Broadcasting Network Black College All-American. He finished his college career with 104 tackles, 10.5 sacks, three forced fumbles, two fumble recoveries, and one interception. Peterson was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the fifth round of the 2007 NFL Draft. He recorded his first career sack", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13931270", "chunk_text": "\"Todd Peterson\"\ntwo years at the U.S. Naval Academy before transferring to the University of Georgia where during Peterson's senior year, he led the SEC in field goal percentage, and was named the University's first GTE Academic All-American in more than a decade since Terry Hoage. Peterson was also inducted into the University of Georgia's highest order, Sphinx in 1993. Peterson was drafted with the 9th pick in the 7th round of the 1993 NFL Draft, but didn't debut until 1994 with the Arizona Cardinals, where he only appeared in 2 games that season, before going to the Seattle Seahawks. Peterson went", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6053655", "chunk_text": "\"Kenny Peterson\"\nwith the Denver Broncos. He was suspended for the first four games of the 2007 season for violating the NFL's steroid policy. During 2007 the Broncos released him twice but decided to re-sign him each time. On March 4, 2009, Peterson re-signed with the Broncos on a three-year contract. He was cut once again on March 10, 2010. Kenny Peterson James Kenneth Peterson (born November 21, 1978) is a former American football defensive end. He was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the third round of the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at Ohio State. Peterson played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12558521", "chunk_text": "\"Greg Peterson (American football)\"\nGreg Peterson (American football) Greg Peterson (born January 21, 1984) is a former American football defensive end. He was most recently a member of the Hartford Colonials of the United Football League. He was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the fifth round of the 2007 NFL Draft. He played college football at North Carolina Central University. Peterson also played for the Jacksonville Jaguars. Peterson was signed and released during the 2010 off season by the Washington Redskins. Peterson played high school football at East Duplin High School in Beulaville, North Carolina. During his senior year, he was named", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "988208", "chunk_text": "\"Julian Peterson\"\nLions for defensive tackle Cory Redding and a 2009 fifth-round pick on March 14, 2009. On January 5, 2011, Peterson was given his release by the Lions. Key Peterson is married to wife Aimee and has two sons, Jayson and Jadden. Julian Peterson Julian Thomas Peterson (born July 28, 1978) is a former American football linebacker who played in the National Football League (NFL) for eleven seasons. He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the first round of the 2000 NFL Draft. He played college football for Michigan State University. Peterson also played for the Seattle Seahawks and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1990999", "chunk_text": "\"Cal Peterson\"\nfully recover from his knee injury and was waived the next off-season after failing a physical. Peterson signed with the Los Angeles Rams in 1978, but was waived before the start of the season. He signed with the Kansas City Chiefs for the 1979 season and went on to start thirteen games in the span of three years. In 1981, he started the season on the reserve non-football injured list after coming to training camp with a virus that limited him, but recovered to play in 11 games. He was waived before the start of the 1982 season. In 1982,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "427018", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Peterson\"\nMike Peterson Porter Michael Peterson (born June 17, 1976) is an American football coach and former player. He is currently the outside linebackers coach at the University of South Carolina. Peterson played college football at the University of Florida, where he was a member of a national championship team and earned All-American honors. He was a second-round pick in the 1999 NFL Draft and played professionally for thirteen seasons with the Indianapolis Colts, Jacksonville Jaguars and Atlanta Falcons of the National Football League. Peterson was born in Gainesville, Florida in 1976. He attended Santa Fe High School in nearby Alachua,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17783830", "chunk_text": "\"Adrian Peterson (American football, born 1979)\"\nAdrian Peterson (American football, born 1979) Adrian Nicholas Peterson (born July 1, 1979) is a former American football running back who played in the National Football League and United Football League. He was drafted by the Chicago Bears in the sixth round of the 2002 NFL Draft, playing eight seasons for Chicago. Then he played for the Virginia Destroyers in the UFL. He is an alumnus of Georgia Southern University, where he set numerous school, conference, and NCAA Division I-AA records, as well winning two 1-AA National Championships and receiving the Walter Payton Award for most outstanding player in 1-AA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1990998", "chunk_text": "\"Cal Peterson\"\nhim to become a key special teams player. In 1975, he was the fourth linebacker on the depth chart and was used on passing downs, on a team that played in Super Bowl X. The Tampa Bay Buccaneers selected him from the Cowboys roster in the 1976 NFL Expansion Draft. He was a starter and considered the team's best linebacker, until suffering a sprained knee in the fourth game of the season. He returned in the eighth game to play against the Denver Broncos, but he reinjured his knee and was placed on the injured reserve list. He could never", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12697649", "chunk_text": "\"Greg Peterson (Canadian football)\"\nGreg Peterson (Canadian football) Gregory Peterson (born February 18, 1960) is a Canadian former gridiron football player who played in the Canadian Football League (CFL) for nine years. Peterson played defensive back for the Calgary Stampeders from 1984 to 1992. He was part of the Stampeders 1992 Grey Cup winning team. Peterson was an All-Star in 1990. He played college football at Brigham Young University and high school football at Dr. E.P. Scarlett. Following retirement in 1993, Peterson began a career in law, and is currently a partner at law firm Gowlings, specialising in business law. Peterson is also a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19410237", "chunk_text": "\"Kamau Peterson\"\nKamau Peterson Kamau Peterson (born September 16, 1978) is a former professional Canadian football wide receiver and currently the offensive coordinator for the York Lions football team. He last played for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League. He was originally drafted sixth overall by the Calgary Stampeders in the 2001 CFL Draft and won the 89th Grey Cup with the team that year. Although he was born in Los Angeles, California, United States, Peterson grew up in LaSalle, Ontario, so he counts as a non-import in the CFL. Kamau transitioned into his post-football career by running PlaymakerU which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14439776", "chunk_text": "\"Bill Peterson\"\nBill Peterson William E. Peterson (May 15, 1920 – August 5, 1993) was an American football player, coach, and college athletics administrator. His career included head coaching stops at Florida State University, Rice University and with the Houston Oilers of the National Football League (NFL). Considered one of the unique characters in college sports, Peterson is credited with bringing the pro passing game to college football. He is also known as the \"\"Coach of Coaches\"\", having tutored such coaches as Joe Gibbs, Bill Parcells, Bobby Bowden, Don James, Dan Henning, Ken Meyer and many others. Coach \"\"Pete\"\", as he was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20883126", "chunk_text": "\"Patrick Peterson\"\nare Patrick and Shandra Peterson of Fort Lauderdale, FL. He is a relative of NFL players Bryant McFadden, Walter McFadden, Sinorice Moss and Santana Moss (his maternal cousins). Peterson's younger brother, Avery Johnson (who has also changed his last name to \"\"Peterson\"\"), was a member of the \"\"ESPNU\"\" 150 Watch List in 2012. On April 7, 2015, Peterson revealed he has type two diabetes. Patrick Peterson Patrick De'mon Peterson Jr. (born July 11, 1990) is an American football cornerback for the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Louisiana State University (LSU), where he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19839520", "chunk_text": "\"Patrick Peterson\"\nfor the 2014 Pro Bowl as a cornerback, marking the third of his career. On July 29, 2014, the Arizona Cardinals signed Peterson to a five-year, $70 million contract extension with $48 million guaranteed and a $15.3 million signing bonus. He began the season as the Arizona Cardinals' starting cornerback, opposite Antonio Cromartie, and no longer had to handle return duties due to the arrival of Ted Ginn Jr. On November 9, 2014, he made two solo tackles and intercepted two passes from St. Louis Rams' quarterback Austin Davis during a 31-14 victory. He returned one interception for a 30-yard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4816448", "chunk_text": "\"Todd Peterson\"\ncareer. Todd Peterson Joseph Todd Peterson (born February 4, 1970) is a retired American football placekicker. He was drafted by the New York Giants from the University of Georgia with the ninth pick of the seventh round (177th overall) in the 1993 NFL Draft. Peterson last played with the Atlanta Falcons in 2005. His contract with the Falcons expired on March 11, 2006 and he retired after that season. He and his wife, Susan, are co-owners of Cabell's Designs LLC, with Cabell Sweeney. Cabell's is a design and licensing group focusing on collegiately licensed products in the giftware industry. Peterson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12558523", "chunk_text": "\"Greg Peterson (American football)\"\non September 30, 2007. He was waived/injured on August 13, 2009 and subsequently reverted to injured reserve. Peterson was released with an injury settlement on August 20. Peterson signed with the Jacksonville Jaguars on September 29, 2009. Peterson signed with the Washington Redskins on April 15, 2010. He was released June 20, 2010. Greg Peterson (American football) Greg Peterson (born January 21, 1984) is a former American football defensive end. He was most recently a member of the Hartford Colonials of the United Football League. He was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the fifth round of the 2007", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19410238", "chunk_text": "\"Kamau Peterson\"\ntrains young athletes in many sports but especially football. Based in Sherwood Park, Alberta he operates out of a new facility. Kamau Peterson Kamau Peterson (born September 16, 1978) is a former professional Canadian football wide receiver and currently the offensive coordinator for the York Lions football team. He last played for the BC Lions of the Canadian Football League. He was originally drafted sixth overall by the Calgary Stampeders in the 2001 CFL Draft and won the 89th Grey Cup with the team that year. Although he was born in Los Angeles, California, United States, Peterson grew up in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15164518", "chunk_text": "\"Julian Peterson\"\nrecorded 39.5 sacks and was first-team NJCAA All-America and Seaboard Conference Defensive Player of the Year as a sophomore. Peterson played college football at Michigan State University for his junior and senior year. As a junior, he was the honorable mention All-Big Ten pick by the media. As a senior, he was an All-American selection by \"\"Football News\"\" and the \"\"Sporting News\"\" after recording 15 sacks. In his two years at Michigan State he recorded 140 tackles and 25 sacks in only 23 games. Peterson was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers 16th overall in the 2000 NFL Draft. As", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10660274", "chunk_text": "\"DeAngelo Peterson\"\nOregon helping LSU win 40-27. On September 10, 2011, he had a nine-yard reception against Northwestern State as LSU wins 49-3. On January 9, 2012, in the BCS Championship Game, he recorded one reception for 7 yards. Source: On April 30, 2012, Peterson signed as an undrafted free agent with the St. Louis Rams following the 2012 NFL Draft. On August 31, 2012, he was released during final roster cuts. On September 3, 2012, he signed with the Washington Redskins to join the practice squad. Peterson was signed to reserve contract on January 8, 2013. On June 12, the Redskins", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13931269", "chunk_text": "\"Todd Peterson\"\nTodd Peterson Joseph Todd Peterson (born February 4, 1970) is a retired American football placekicker. He was drafted by the New York Giants from the University of Georgia with the ninth pick of the seventh round (177th overall) in the 1993 NFL Draft. Peterson last played with the Atlanta Falcons in 2005. His contract with the Falcons expired on March 11, 2006 and he retired after that season. He and his wife, Susan, are co-owners of Cabell's Designs LLC, with Cabell Sweeney. Cabell's is a design and licensing group focusing on collegiately licensed products in the giftware industry. Peterson spent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9344829", "chunk_text": "\"Rick Peterson\"\nknown for placing his hand on the shoulder of the pitcher during mound visits. Peterson was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey. He graduated from Mt. Lebanon High School in the Pittsburgh suburb of Mt. Lebanon, Pennsylvania. The Baltimore Orioles drafted him out of high school, but instead of signing with the Orioles, he chose to go to Gulf Coast Junior College in Panama City, Florida. He then attended Jacksonville University and graduated with a combined degree in psychology and art. Peterson was drafted for the second time in the 21st round of the June 1976 free agent draft by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3003320", "chunk_text": "\"Merrill Douglas\"\nCleveland Browns in exchange for offensive tackle Ed Nutting. On September 10, 1962, he was waived by the Cleveland Browns. On September 18, 1962, he was signed as a free agent by the Philadelphia Eagles. He was the third-string fullback. On September 3, 1963, he was released by the New York Jets. Douglas was a side judge in the NFL for eleven seasons from 1981 through 1991, wearing uniform number 102. He worked for the Salt Lake County Sheriff's Department for 25 years. Merrill Douglas Merrill George Douglas (born March 15, 1936 in Salt Lake City, Utah) is a former", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20883093", "chunk_text": "\"Patrick Peterson\"\nPatrick Peterson Patrick De'mon Peterson Jr. (born July 11, 1990) is an American football cornerback for the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Louisiana State University (LSU), where he won the Chuck Bednarik Award as the best defensive player in the country, the Jim Thorpe Award as the best defensive back, and was unanimously recognized as an All-American. He was selected fifth overall by the Cardinals in the first round of the 2011 NFL Draft. Peterson has been invited to the Pro Bowl in each of his first eight seasons in the NFL.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15732658", "chunk_text": "\"Ivory Lee Brown\"\nIvory Lee Brown Ivory Lee Brown (born August 17, 1969) is a former professional American football running back in the National Football League and World League of American Football. He played for the Phoenix Cardinals of the NFL and the San Antonio Riders of the WLAF. Brown is the uncle of Minnesota Vikings running back Adrian Peterson. Brown was born in Palestine, Texas, and was a highly recruited running back out Palestine High School. As a senior in 1986, Brown rushed for 1,800 yards and was the rated the #2 recruit in Texas. Brown originally intended to sign with Texas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15197143", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Peterson (American football)\"\nPaul Peterson (American football) Paul Peterson (born July 29, 1980) is a former quarterback for the Boston College Eagles. He was the first Boston College quarterback to start his career 6–0, and compiled a 12–2 record for his career at Boston College, including two bowl victories in the Continental Tire Bowl and the Diamond Walnut San Francisco Bowl. He was named the Big East Offensive Player of the Week twice, the MVP of the Continental Tire Bowl, and BC's team MVP in 2004. Peterson was an all-state selection as junior and senior at Bingham High School in South Jordan, Utah.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6045400", "chunk_text": "\"G. P. \"\"Bud\"\" Peterson\"\nand enterprise to Tech’s mixed-use community of innovation and education. The project is scheduled for completion by mid-2018. Peterson was born in Palo Alto, California in 1952, but spent his early life in Prairie Village, Kansas, a suburb of Kansas City. He attended Shawnee Mission East High School, where he lettered in football, basketball, and track. He subsequently went to Kansas State, where he played American football first as a walk-on and later as a scholarship student-athlete with the Kansas State Wildcats. He started 26 games and lettered three years as a tight end/wide receiver from 1970 to 1974, catching", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14209799", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Peterson (American football)\"\nwas signed to the Los Angeles Rams' practice squad on December 27, 2016. He signed a reserve/future contract with the Rams on January 3, 2017. On September 4, 2017, Peterson was waived by the Rams and signed to the practice squad the next day. He was promoted to the active roster on September 16, waived on September 19 and signed to the team's practice squad on September 21. He was promoted back to the active roster on November 22, 2017. On August 11, 2018, Peterson was placed on injured reserve after he suffered a torn ACL in the Rams' first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12998778", "chunk_text": "\"Adrian Peterson\"\nso at 30 years of age. Peterson was indicted in September 2014 by a Montgomery County grand jury on charges of reckless or negligent injury to a child that occurred earlier that year, and was suspended for the rest of the 2014 season until being reinstated by the league in April 2015. A free agent coming into the 2017 season, Peterson signed a two-year contract with the New Orleans Saints, but was traded to the Arizona Cardinals just five weeks into the season before being released following the season's end. For the 2018 season, Peterson signed with the Washington Redskins.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "427019", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Peterson\"\nFlorida, where he played for the Santa Fe Raiders high school football team. Peterson accepted an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, and played for coach Steve Spurrier's Florida Gators football team from 1995 to 1998. He was a member of the 1996 Gators team that finished 12–1 and won the Bowl Alliance national championship by defeating the top-ranked Florida State Seminoles 52–20 in the Sugar Bowl. Peterson started twenty-four of forty-two games in which he played, posted 249 tackles, three forced fumbles, thirteen tackles for a loss and 8.5 sacks. As a senior team", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19839527", "chunk_text": "\"Patrick Peterson\"\nfinished the 2017 season with 13 punt returns for 88 net yards, 34 total tackles, one fumble recovery, eight passes defensed, and one interception. In week 1 against the Washington Redskins, Peterson had 1 tackle and 1 sack on quarterback Alex Smith. In week 2 against the Los Angeles Rams, Peterson made 8 tackles and intercepted quarterback Jared Goff once. In week 7 against the Denver Broncos, Peterson made 6 tackles and intercepted quarterback Case Keenum once. Peterson went by the last name \"\"Johnson\"\" when he signed with LSU, but formally changed it to \"\"Peterson\"\" in August 2008. His parents", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6304931", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Bergstrom\"\nTony Bergstrom Steven Anthony \"\"Tony\"\" Bergstrom (born August 8, 1986) is an American football center and offensive guard for the Washington Redskins of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Utah, and was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the third round of the 2012 NFL Draft. He has also played for the Houston Texans, Arizona Cardinals, and Baltimore Ravens. Bergstrom was a three-year starter and team captain on the powerhouse Skyline Eagles football team. It was there he gained the nickname, \"\"The Man with the Silver Biceps.\"\" In 2002 and 2003 the Eagles made the state", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "121907", "chunk_text": "\"Doug Free\"\nhe was forced to start at right tackle as a freshman, when sophomore tackle Shea Fitzgerald was killed along with 12 others, in a back porch collapse during a party in Lincoln Park, in Chicago, Illinois. In college, he developed into an athletic player that earned him the nickname \"\"Doug Freak\"\" among his teammates. He eventually settled at left tackle and was named second-team All-MAC as a sophomore and first-team All-MAC and honorable mention All-American as a junior. Free was selected in the fourth round (122nd overall) of the 2007 NFL Draft by the Dallas Cowboys. As a rookie, he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "427021", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Peterson\"\nteam meeting. Peterson played for the Atlanta Falcons from to . On March 13, 2012, he became an unrestricted free agent, but re-signed with the Falcons on July 23, 2012. Peterson again became an unrestricted free agent in 2013. Upon retirement from the NFL, Peterson returned to the University of Florida in 2013 to complete his undergraduate degree. He first worked as an undergraduate assistant coach on the Gators strength and conditioning staff then took over as its coordinator in 2014 after graduating. In 2016, Peterson was hired as outside linebackers coach on Will Muschamp's staff at South Carolina. Peterson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19839521", "chunk_text": "\"Patrick Peterson\"\ntouchdown, marking the first defensive touchdown of his career. On December 7, Peterson recorded a season-high eight combined tackles and sacked Kansas City Chiefs' quarterback Alex Smith in a 17-14 victory. He finished the season with 50 combined tackles (43 solo), eight pass deflections, three interceptions, a forced fumble, and three fumble recoveries in 16 games and 16 starts. He was selected to the 2015 Pro Bowl as a cornerback, marking his fourth straight appearance. The Arizona Cardinals finished with an 11-5 record in 2014 and qualified for a playoff berth. On January 3, 2015, Peterson played in his first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7250817", "chunk_text": "\"Patrick Peterson\"\nEngland Patriots. On December 16, 2012, he recorded a season-high seven combined tackles and intercepted Detroit Lions' quarterback Matt Stafford in a 38-10 victory. The interception marked his seventh of the season. Peterson started all 16 games making 55 tackles with seven interceptions, 17 passes defended, and a NFL-leading five fumble recoveries. He also had 51 punt returns producing 426 return yards, three receptions for 11 receiving yards, and two carries for 13 rushing yards. On December 26, 2012, it was announced that Peterson was voted to the 2013 Pro Bowl as a cornerback. The Arizona Cardinals' new head coach", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19797363", "chunk_text": "\"Don Peterson (American football)\"\npick) of the 1952 NFL Draft. Don Peterson (American football) Donald W. \"\"Jiggs\"\" Peterson is a former American football player. He played college football for the University of Michigan from 1948 to 1951 and was selected as the Most Valuable Player of the 1951 Michigan Wolverines football team A native of Racine, Wisconsin, Peterson attended St. Catherine's High School and played football for the St. Catherine's Angels championship football team in 1945. He later enrolled at the University of Michigan and played football for the Michigan Wolverines football teams from 1948 to 1951. He played in the 1951 Rose Bowl", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19678898", "chunk_text": "\"Merrill Douglas\"\nhe posted 97 carries for 646 yards (second in the league), with a 6.7-yard average and 10 touchdowns, while also leading the conference in scoring. He also lettered in baseball. In 1988, he was inducted into the Utah Sports Hall of Fame. Douglas was selected by the Chicago Bears in the sixth round (65th overall) of the 1958 NFL Draft. He was a backup fullback behind Rick Casares. He was released in 1961. On September 7, 1961, he was claimed off waivers by the Dallas Cowboys and played in six games. On April 22, 1962, he was traded to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19797361", "chunk_text": "\"Don Peterson (American football)\"\nDon Peterson (American football) Donald W. \"\"Jiggs\"\" Peterson is a former American football player. He played college football for the University of Michigan from 1948 to 1951 and was selected as the Most Valuable Player of the 1951 Michigan Wolverines football team A native of Racine, Wisconsin, Peterson attended St. Catherine's High School and played football for the St. Catherine's Angels championship football team in 1945. He later enrolled at the University of Michigan and played football for the Michigan Wolverines football teams from 1948 to 1951. He played in the 1951 Rose Bowl game and finished the 1951 season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19839522", "chunk_text": "\"Patrick Peterson\"\ncareer postseason game and recorded two combined tackles during a 16-27 lost to the Carolina Panthers in the NFC Wildcard Game. Shortly after the 2014 NFL season, Peterson announced that he had been diagnosed with diabetes. He stated that this affected his performance in the 2014 season, that he had the disease under control, and was ready for the 2015 season. Peterson was named the starting cornerback and had full-time punt return duties after the departure of Ted Ginn Jr. On September 20, 2015, he recorded three solo tackles and intercepted Jay Cutler during a 48-23 win over the Chicago", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4298353", "chunk_text": "\"Bill Peterson\"\ngetting their first coaching jobs as a member of his staff. Together, these coaches claimed five Super Bowl wins and four major college football national championships. Since 2006, every head coach of college football's BCS national champion can be found in the Peterson coaching tree. Bill Peterson William E. Peterson (May 15, 1920 – August 5, 1993) was an American football player, coach, and college athletics administrator. His career included head coaching stops at Florida State University, Rice University and with the Houston Oilers of the National Football League (NFL). Considered one of the unique characters in college sports, Peterson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19839523", "chunk_text": "\"Patrick Peterson\"\nBears. In Week 5, he collected four combined tackles and intercepted a pass off Matthew Stafford, as the Arizona Cardinals defeated the Detroit Lions 42-17. The following game, he earned a season-high five solo tackles as the Cardinals were defeated by the Pittsburgh Steelers 13-25. Although he started all 16 games, Peterson finished with a career low 35 combined tackles (35 solo), eight pass deflections, and made two interceptions. The Arizona Cardinals finished first in the NFC West with a 13-3 record, receiving a playoff berth, home field advantage, and a first round bye week. After defeating the Green Bay", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "988207", "chunk_text": "\"Julian Peterson\"\nSeahawks he was selected to the Pro Bowl for the second straight year after posting 74 tackles and 9.5 sacks. During the 2008 NFL Training Camp, Peterson switched jersey numbers from #59 to #98, the number he wore during his previous tenure at San Francisco. In his third season with the team, Peterson made 86 tackles and five sacks, and was selected to his third consecutive Pro Bowl. In three seasons in Seattle, he recorded 249 tackles, 24.5 sacks, and three interceptions in 48 games and was elected to three Pro Bowls. The Seattle Seahawks traded Peterson to the Detroit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_208	who played lionel in as time goes by?	n/a	[ "Geoffrey Dyson Palmer, OBE", "Geoffrey Dyson Palmer" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1514406", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\"\nthe role of Jean (which was written with her in mind) due to her reluctance to uproot her life—specifically mentioning her dogs, garden, and family—in California. Second Lieutenant Lionel Hardcastle (Geoffrey Palmer) and Middlesex Hospital nurse Jean Pargetter (Judi Dench) met in the summer of 1953 and fell head over heels in love, calling her \"\"Pooh\"\", but then Lionel was posted to Korea. He wrote, but Jean didn't receive his letter. Because of this mix-up, each assumed the other had lost interest. After his war service Lionel emigrated to Kenya, became a coffee planter, and married Margaret, whom he later", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5027745", "chunk_text": "\"Geoffrey Palmer (actor)\"\nGeoffrey Palmer (actor) Geoffrey Dyson Palmer, (born 4 June 1927) is an English actor known for his roles in British television sitcoms playing Jimmy Anderson in \"\"The Fall and Rise of Reginald Perrin\"\" (1976–79), Ben Parkinson in \"\"Butterflies\"\" (1978–83) and Lionel Hardcastle in \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" (1992–2005). His film appearances include \"\"A Fish Called Wanda\"\" (1988), \"\"The Madness of King George\"\" (1994), \"\"Mrs. Brown\"\" (1997), and \"\"Tomorrow Never Dies\"\" (1997). Palmer's early television appearances included a variety of roles in Granada Television's \"\"The Army Game\"\", two episodes of \"\"The Baron\"\" and as a property agent in \"\"Cathy Come Home\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17771279", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (song)\"\nartists, it was sung by Rudy Vallée and Binnie Hale, and orchestra recordings were made by Jacques Renard and Fred Rich. In terms of popularity at the time, it was a modest hit. Elisabeth Welch included it in her cabaret act as soon as it was released. The song was re-introduced in 1942 in the film \"\"Casablanca\"\". It was sung by Sam (Dooley Wilson); Sam's piano accompaniment was played by pianist Elliot Carpenter. The song is heard throughout the film as a leitmotif. Wilson was unable to record his version of the song at the time due to the 1942–44", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6625047", "chunk_text": "\"Dooley Wilson\"\nwas survived by his wife, Estelle (née Williams), who died in 1971. Dooley Wilson Arthur \"\"Dooley\"\" Wilson (April 3, 1886 – May 30, 1953) was an American actor, singer and musician who is best remembered as Sam in the 1942 film, \"\"Casablanca\"\"; in the film, he also performed its theme song, \"\"As Time Goes By\"\". Wilson was a drummer and singer who led his own band in the 1920s, touring nightclubs in London and Paris. In the 1930s he took up acting, playing supporting roles onstage on Broadway and in a series of modest films. His role in \"\"Casablanca\"\" was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17207323", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\"\nIreland repeatedly. It has been broadcast by Gold for viewers in the UK and Ireland as of 2010, and by UKTV in Australia as of 2011. \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" was adapted and recorded for radio. Three series were broadcast on BBC Radio 2 between 1997 and 1999. The first episode included a flashback to Jean and Lionel 38 years before, something that never happened on television. All episodes correspond to a TV episode and featured the original cast, apart from Jon Glover substituting for Bretherton in episodes 1-5 of Series One. So far, only the first series has been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10047529", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (song)\"\nThe omitted lines refer to Albert Einstein. As Time Goes By (song) \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" is a song written by Herman Hupfeld in 1931. It became most famous in 1942 when part of it was sung by the character Sam (Dooley Wilson) in the movie \"\"Casablanca\"\". The song was voted No. 2 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs special, commemorating the best songs in film (only surpassed by \"\"Over the Rainbow\"\" by Judy Garland). The song has since become the representative song of Warner Bros. (and used as such in the production logos at the beginning of many Warner", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1514410", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\"\nthe series. Other notable characters include Lionel's irrepressible father Rocky (Frank Middlemass), whose favourite saying is \"\"Rock On\"\" and who owns a large country house in Hampshire which he later gives to Lionel; the housekeeper, Mrs. Bale (Janet Henfrey), who has an unusual interest in the Shipping Forecast and gives exact times that meals are ready, and the gardener, Lol Ferris (Tim Wylton), who says Jean is a \"\"tender woman\"\". In an early series of the show, Lionel received news from Rocky's physician that his father was dying and had less than a year to live, but this plotline was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14390922", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (song)\"\nAs Time Goes By (song) \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" is a song written by Herman Hupfeld in 1931. It became most famous in 1942 when part of it was sung by the character Sam (Dooley Wilson) in the movie \"\"Casablanca\"\". The song was voted No. 2 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs special, commemorating the best songs in film (only surpassed by \"\"Over the Rainbow\"\" by Judy Garland). The song has since become the representative song of Warner Bros. (and used as such in the production logos at the beginning of many Warner Bros. films since 1999, as well as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1381882", "chunk_text": "\"Dooley Wilson\"\nDooley Wilson Arthur \"\"Dooley\"\" Wilson (April 3, 1886 – May 30, 1953) was an American actor, singer and musician who is best remembered as Sam in the 1942 film, \"\"Casablanca\"\"; in the film, he also performed its theme song, \"\"As Time Goes By\"\". Wilson was a drummer and singer who led his own band in the 1920s, touring nightclubs in London and Paris. In the 1930s he took up acting, playing supporting roles onstage on Broadway and in a series of modest films. His role in \"\"Casablanca\"\" was by far his most prominent, but his other films included \"\"My Favorite", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19425151", "chunk_text": "\"Philip Bretherton\"\nPhilip Bretherton Philip Bretherton (born 30 May 1955) is an English actor best known for his role as Alistair Deacon in the British television series \"\"As Time Goes By\"\". Bretherton was born in Preston, Lancashire, and studied English and drama at the University of Manchester, where he decided to become an actor. Bretherton appeared in \"\"Rumpole of the Bailey\"\" in \"\"The Barrow Boy\"\" as Hugo Shillingford in November 1988 and made a brief appearance as \"\"Rod\"\" in \"\"Coronation Street\"\" also in 1988. He then returned as \"\"Robert Weston\"\" in 1991, and again as \"\"Ian Davenport\"\" in 2004. Bretherton appeared in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10787277", "chunk_text": "\"Tim Wylton\"\nTim Wylton Tim Wylton (born Timothy Higginson; 27 February 1940) is a British actor best known for his television roles as Stanley Dawkins in \"\"My Hero\"\", and Lol Ferris in \"\"As Time Goes By\"\". As a stage actor he appeared in Zeffirelli's noted 1961 Old Vic production of \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\" and was a \"\"mainstay\"\" of the Royal Shakespeare Company between 1963 and 1977. Wylton attended Strathallan School, Perthshire and RADA. He has been acting on British television since 1964, when he made an appearance on \"\"The Comedy of Errors\"\". Other early appearances include \"\"The Liver Birds\"\", \"\"The Sweeney\"\", \"\"Maybury\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1514404", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\"\nAs Time Goes By (TV series) As Time Goes By is a British romantic sitcom which aired on BBC One from 1992 to 2005, running for nine series and three specials. Starring Judi Dench and Geoffrey Palmer, it follows the relationship between two former lovers who meet unexpectedly after not having been in contact for 38 years. The programme's original working title had been Winter with Flowers but was changed during its first day of filming due to the cast's protestations. The new title was taken from the 1931 Herman Hupfeld song \"\"As Time Goes By\"\", which was used as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "512328", "chunk_text": "\"Jenny Funnell\"\nTheatre in Basingstoke during September 2015. She, her husband, also an actor, and daughter live near Brighton in England. Jenny Funnell Jenny Victoria Funnell (born 20 May 1963) is a British actress best known for her role as Sandy in the British sitcom \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" (1992–2005). Funnell was born in Kenya, then still a British colony, and has a twin sister. She moved to Britain when she was four years old, and went on to attend the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art She initially started voice acting in radio drama while still a student at drama school,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19425153", "chunk_text": "\"Philip Bretherton\"\nfather of Vlad Dracula's bodyguard Talitha. As a young man Bretherton was in an episode of Agatha Christie's Marple: \"\"At Bertram's Hotel\"\", playing the character Detective Inspector Campbell. He played Matthew Woodley in Midsomer Murders “Made to Measure Murders”. Bretherton is probably best known in the role of Alistair Deacon in \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" from 1992 to 2005. He is also active in theatre, performing as Henry Higgins in a nationally acclaimed production of \"\"Pygmalion\"\" at Clwyd Theatr Cymru, Mold, Flintshire. In 2013 he appeared in \"\"The Fifth Estate\"\" in the role of Bill Keller. Philip Bretherton Philip Bretherton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "512325", "chunk_text": "\"Jenny Funnell\"\nJenny Funnell Jenny Victoria Funnell (born 20 May 1963) is a British actress best known for her role as Sandy in the British sitcom \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" (1992–2005). Funnell was born in Kenya, then still a British colony, and has a twin sister. She moved to Britain when she was four years old, and went on to attend the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art She initially started voice acting in radio drama while still a student at drama school, winning the Carleton Hobbs BBC Radio Drama Award in 1984. Her earliest television work was also in drama, including", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1514408", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\"\nfirst meet again when Lionel picks up Judith for a dinner date. Although Lionel and Jean's reunion is full of missteps and miscues, their romance gradually rekindles. In the third series, Lionel moves into Jean's house in Holland Park, London; they marry during the fourth series. In the first series Judith develops a crush on Lionel while Lionel's publisher, Alistair Deacon (Philip Bretherton), takes a similar interest in Jean and likes to call her \"\"Lovely Lady\"\". Both crushes are brief; eventually Judith and Alistair fall for each other and, in the final series, marry. Other story arcs feature Lionel being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5891744", "chunk_text": "\"Dooley Wilson\"\nsalary, $350 per week, and Paramount kept the balance. Wilson was cast in the role of Sam, a singer and pianist employed by nightclub owner Rick (Humphrey Bogart). Wilson performs the Herman Hupfeld song \"\"As Time Goes By\"\", a continuing musical and emotional motif throughout the film. According to Aljean Harmetz, \"\"Variety\"\" singled out Wilson for the effectiveness of the song, and \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" said he created \"\"something joyous\"\". The phrase \"\"Play it again, Sam\"\", commonly believed to be a quote from the film, is never heard in \"\"Casablanca\"\". In the film, Wilson as Sam performs several other songs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11564573", "chunk_text": "\"Moyra Fraser\"\nMoyra Fraser Moyra Fraser (3 December 1923 – 13 December 2009) was an Australian-born English actress and ballet dancer, who is best known for playing Penny Johnson in the long-running sitcom \"\"As Time Goes By\"\". Her sister was the actress Shelagh Fraser. She married author Douglas Sutherland, with whom she had a daughter, and Old Etonian Roger Lubbock, by whom she had two sons. Moyra Fraser was born in Sydney, Australia to John Newton Mappin Fraser, a director of Mappin & Webb, and Vera Eleanor (née Beardshaw) on 3 December 1923 and with her family emigrated to the United Kingdom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4766457", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (novel)\"\nAs Time Goes By (novel) As Time Goes By is a novel written by American author Michael Walsh, intended as a prequel/sequel to the film \"\"Casablanca.\"\" It was published in 1998. The book alternates between the early life of Rick Blaine (played by Humphrey Bogart in the film) in America and the period immediately after the plane leaves Casablanca at the end of the 1942 film. 1931-35 Yitzik \"\"Rick\"\" Baline is a small-time New York criminal during the time of Prohibition. He meets and falls in love with Lois, daughter of Solly Horowitz, a big-time gangster and becomes a favorite", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4841289", "chunk_text": "\"D'Urville Martin\"\n\"\"to bed the fine-ass women who can't keep their hands off him.” D'Urville Martin D'Urville Martin (February 11, 1939 – May 28, 1984) was an American actor and director in both film and television. He appeared in numerous 1970s movies in the blaxploitation genre. He also appeared in two unaired pilots of what would become \"\"All in the Family\"\" as Lionel Jefferson, the role which was eventually played by Mike Evans. Born in New York City, Martin began his career in the mid-1960s and soon appeared in prominent films such as \"\"Black Like Me\"\" and \"\"Guess Who's Coming to Dinner\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1514411", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\"\ndropped and Rocky continued to appear throughout the show's later series, including the final \"\"Reunion Special\"\" in 2005. Rocky marries Madge (Joan Sims), as much a character as Rocky is, when he is 85 and she is 78. They travel the world, are country and western music fans, tool about in Madge's classic Cadillac convertible (with steer horns on the grille), and hang out at the local pub, where Madge sings. In series nine, Madge is mentioned as being on an archaeological dig in Egypt; in reality Joan Sims died before filming began. Also appearing many times are Penny (Moyra", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1514412", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\"\nFraser), the neurotic sister of Jean's late first husband, who calls Jean \"\"poor Jean\"\", and Penny's well-meaning but dull dentist husband, Stephen (Paul Chapman), who once accidentally declined an OBE. The programme ran for nine series, from 12 January 1992 to 4 August 2002. Nearly every episode was thirty minutes long. The final series episode was followed by an hour-long compilation show on 11 August 2002, and by a two part \"\"Reunion Special\"\" broadcast on 26 and 30 December 2005. The reunion specials were the last appearance of Frank Middlemass, who played Rocky, before his death in 2006. Actress Joan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15070080", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (novel)\"\nhas remained in London. Rick's Café Americain is still operating. As Time Goes By (novel) As Time Goes By is a novel written by American author Michael Walsh, intended as a prequel/sequel to the film \"\"Casablanca.\"\" It was published in 1998. The book alternates between the early life of Rick Blaine (played by Humphrey Bogart in the film) in America and the period immediately after the plane leaves Casablanca at the end of the 1942 film. 1931-35 Yitzik \"\"Rick\"\" Baline is a small-time New York criminal during the time of Prohibition. He meets and falls in love with Lois, daughter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1059518", "chunk_text": "\"Joan Sims\"\nRocky Hardcastle played by Frank Middlemass, and stepmother of Geoffrey Palmer's character Lionel in \"\"As Time Goes By\"\". Sims also appeared in episodes of the hit television comedy series \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\", the 1987 Christmas Day special \"\"The Frog's Legacy\"\", and \"\"The Goodies\"\", in the \"\"One Foot in the Grave\"\" special \"\"One Foot in the Algarve\"\", and made a guest appearance in a sketch show with Victoria Wood. In her later years, Sims fought a long battle against depression. This was worsened by the deaths of her agent Peter Eade, her best friend Hattie Jacques and her mother, all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4857616", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Stander\"\nLionel Stander Lionel Jay Stander (January 11, 1908 – November 30, 1994) was an American actor in films, radio, theater and television. Lionel Stander was born in The Bronx, New York City, New York, to Russian-Jewish immigrants, the first of three children. According to newspaper interviews with Stander, as a teenager he appeared in the silent film \"\"Men of Steel\"\" (1926), perhaps as an extra, since he is not listed in the credits. During his one year at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, he appeared in the student productions \"\"The Muse of the Unpublished Writer\"\", and \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1514407", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\"\ndivorced due to \"\"mutual boredom\"\". Some time after his divorce he returned to England. Meanwhile, Jean had also married and bore one child, Judith (Moira Brooker). After her husband's death, Jean opened Type for You, a secretarial agency. Her daughter Judith, 35 years old during the series, is twice divorced (from Ken, who had \"\"sad eyes\"\", and Edward, who was \"\"very clever\"\") and, during most of the series, lives with her mother and also works at the secretarial agency. Lionel, now writing his memoir, hires a typist through Type for You, unaware that Jean owns the agency. He and Jean", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15197431", "chunk_text": "\"D'Urville Martin\"\nD'Urville Martin D'Urville Martin (February 11, 1939 – May 28, 1984) was an American actor and director in both film and television. He appeared in numerous 1970s movies in the blaxploitation genre. He also appeared in two unaired pilots of what would become \"\"All in the Family\"\" as Lionel Jefferson, the role which was eventually played by Mike Evans. Born in New York City, Martin began his career in the mid-1960s and soon appeared in prominent films such as \"\"Black Like Me\"\" and \"\"Guess Who's Coming to Dinner\"\". Martin also directed films in his career, including \"\"Dolemite\"\", starring Rudy Ray", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11469637", "chunk_text": "\"A L\"\nMonroe in \"\"Gentlemen Prefer Blondes\"\" in 1953, and \"\"Magic Moments\"\" by Burt Bacharach and Hal David, a 1958 hit for Perry Como. No singles were released to promote the album, but all four songs were performed at popular Italian TV show \"\"W le donne\"\" which Amanda hosted at that time, starting with \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" in March 1985. \"\"A L\"\" was never released on CD in its entirety, but \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" and \"\"Bye Bye Baby\"\" were included on the 2005 compilation \"\"Forever Glam!\"\". A L A L is an EP by French singer Amanda Lear released in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15191181", "chunk_text": "\"Herman Hupfeld\"\nhad been given the part of Maria in Paramount's \"\"For Whom the Bell Tolls\"\" and had cut her hair for the part, it would not have been possible to reshoot any of her scenes with the song being performed, or to have her request that Sam play a different song. Herman Hupfeld Herman Hupfeld (February 1, 1894June 8, 1951) was an American songwriter whose most notable composition was \"\"As Time Goes By\"\". He wrote both the lyrics and music. Hupfeld was born in Montclair, New Jersey, the son of Fredericka (Rader), a church organist, and Charles Ludwig Hupfeld. He was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15909617", "chunk_text": "\"Damon Evans (actor)\"\nDamon Evans (actor) Damon Evans (born November 24, 1949) is an American actor, born in Baltimore, Maryland, best known as the second of two actors who portrayed Lionel Jefferson on the CBS sitcom \"\"The Jeffersons\"\". He also portrayed the young Alex Haley (ages 17–25) in the ABC television miniseries \"\"\"\". Evans attended the Interlochen Academy on a Reader's Digest Scholarship. After graduation, he attended the Boston Conservatory of Music. While in Boston he appeared in productions of \"\"Two If by Sea\"\", \"\"Hair\"\", and \"\"The Corner\"\" at the Theatre Company of Boston. His Off-Broadway credits include performances in \"\"A Day in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "517233", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (Bobby Vinton and George Burns album)\"\nAs Time Goes By (Bobby Vinton and George Burns album) As Time Goes By was a duet album recorded by Bobby Vinton and George Burns; it was Vinton's thirty-seventh and final studio album. The first three songs are recorded by Vinton and Burns as duets. The fourth, fifth, and tenth tracks are solos by Burns, while the sixth to ninth tracks are solos by Vinton. At the end of the song \"\"As Time Goes By,\"\" Burns makes a reference to the film \"\"Casablanca\"\" by saying, \"\"Y'know, Bobby, this could be the start of a beautiful friendship.\"\" The song \"\"Gracie\"\" was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13265042", "chunk_text": "\"Casablanca (novella)\"\nout of the car and, almost blinded by the rain, hurries to the entrance door. Just then somebody starts playing \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" on a piano at the back of the room. The player is identical to Sam, but much older; he is wearing the same suit jacket that is shown in the film, but worn out now. In one of the corners, an old man in dark glasses, who looks like Humphrey Bogart, is dozing at a table. When the song is over, the black man starts to tell the narrator the story of the place and of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8733440", "chunk_text": "\"Joan Sims\"\nJoan Sims Irene Joan Marion Sims (9 May 1930 – 27 June 2001) was an English actress remembered for her roles in the \"\"Carry On\"\" films, including \"\"Carry On Nurse\"\" (1959), \"\"Carry On Cleo\"\" (1964) and \"\"Carry On Camping\"\" (1969). She played Mrs. Wembley, the cook with a liking for sherry in \"\"On the Up\"\" (1990–92), and Madge Hardcastle in \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" (1994–98). Sims was born on 9 May 1930, the only child of John Henry Sims (1888-1964), station master of Laindon railway station in Essex, and his wife Gladys Marie Sims, née Ladbrook (1896-1981). Sims's early interest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7874530", "chunk_text": "\"Moira Brooker\"\nPBS stations' pledge drives. She is the daughter of Victor Brooker and Ethel Bassett. She has an older sister, Janis. Brooker married actor Anthony Milner in 1985 and has two children. Milner died in July 2015. Moira Brooker Moira Brooker (born 1957) is an English actress. She played Judith Hanson in the British sitcom \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" (1992–2005). The programme lasted for nine seasons and was popular in the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and the United States, where it is still broadcast weekly on PBS. In 1995, Brooker appeared in the series \"\"Ghosts\"\" in the episode \"\"Blood and Water\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10859476", "chunk_text": "\"Casablanca (film)\"\nlighting was used in several scenes, particularly towards the end of the picture. Rosenzweig argues these shadow and lighting effects are classic elements of the Curtiz style, along with the fluid camera work and the use of the environment as a framing device. The music was written by Max Steiner, who was best known for the score for \"\"Gone with the Wind\"\". The song \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" by Herman Hupfeld had been part of the story from the original play; Steiner wanted to write his own composition to replace it, but Bergman had already cut her hair short for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3413061", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Stander\"\nthe first time in 1932 and the last in 1972. All but the last marriage ended in divorce. He fathered six daughters (one wife had no children, one had twins). Stander died of lung cancer in Los Angeles, California, in 1994 at age 86. He was buried in Glendale's Forest Lawn Memorial Park Cemetery. Lionel Stander Lionel Jay Stander (January 11, 1908 – November 30, 1994) was an American actor in films, radio, theater and television. Lionel Stander was born in The Bronx, New York City, New York, to Russian-Jewish immigrants, the first of three children. According to newspaper interviews", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14854961", "chunk_text": "\"Donald L. Taffner\"\nTaffner bought the adaptation rights to the British series \"\"Keep It in the Family\"\" (1980-1983) and produced \"\"Too Close for Comfort\"\". After a few failed attempts, such as \"\"Check It Out!\"\", a series starring Don Adams, Taffner co-produced the British sitcom \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" in partnership with Theatre of Comedy Entertainment, and starring Judi Dench. The television series had 9 seasons, produced between 1992 and 2002, returning with specials in 2005. Donald L. Taffner Donald L. Taffner (November 29, 1930 - September 6, 2011) was an American television producer. Taffner and his wife-business partner Eleanor Bolta were responsible for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3888897", "chunk_text": "\"The Happiness Patrol\"\nand revolt was intended as a reference to the 1984-1985 miners' strike. Most of this element was eventually toned down. In the story, the Doctor sings \"\"As Time Goes By\"\", the song famously sung by Dooley Wilson in the 1942 film \"\"Casablanca\"\". John Normington played Morgus in \"\"The Caves of Androzani\"\", and later appeared in \"\"Ghost Machine\"\", an episode of the \"\"Doctor Who\"\" spin-off \"\"Torchwood\"\". Bassett's complained over the similarity between the Kandy Man in this story and their trademark character. The BBC agreed not to use the Kandy Man again. In \"\"The Discontinuity Guide\"\", Paul Cornell, Martin Day and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "344705", "chunk_text": "\"Janet Henfrey\"\nShe appeared in the 2002 adaption of the British Miniseries Tipping The Velvet, playing the character Mrs Jex, based on the novel by Sarah Waters. She also appeared in the 2015 British miniseries adaptation of \"\"Wolf Hall\"\". Janet Henfrey lives in Islington, north London. She is a member of the Labour Party and a trustee of the International Performers Aid Trust. Janet Henfrey Janet E. A. Henfrey (born 16 August 1935) is a British stage and television actress. She is best known for playing Mrs. Bale on \"\"As Time Goes By\"\", which is still rerun in the United States on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "517234", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (Bobby Vinton and George Burns album)\"\nwritten in memory of Burns' wife, Gracie Allen. Adapted from AllMusic. As Time Goes By (Bobby Vinton and George Burns album) As Time Goes By was a duet album recorded by Bobby Vinton and George Burns; it was Vinton's thirty-seventh and final studio album. The first three songs are recorded by Vinton and Burns as duets. The fourth, fifth, and tenth tracks are solos by Burns, while the sixth to ninth tracks are solos by Vinton. At the end of the song \"\"As Time Goes By,\"\" Burns makes a reference to the film \"\"Casablanca\"\" by saying, \"\"Y'know, Bobby, this could", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16634302", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Middlemass\"\nFrank Middlemass Francis George “Frank” Middlemass (28 May 1919 8 September 2006) was an English actor, who even in his early career played older roles. He is best remembered for his television roles as Rocky Hardcastle in \"\"As Time Goes By\"\", Algy Herries in \"\"To Serve Them All My Days\"\" and Dr. Alex Ferrenby in \"\"Heartbeat\"\". Middlemass was also active in the Royal Shakespeare Company and was the fourth and final actor to play Dan Archer in \"\"The Archers\"\". Born to Thomas Middlemass and Mary Elizabeth Hoggett, Frank Middlemass was the youngest of four children after sisters Dorothy Mary (born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5096828", "chunk_text": "\"Nigel Betts\"\nsitcom \"\"As Time Goes By\"\" and Steve Taylor's laconic neighbor in an episode of the sitcom \"\"Coupling\"\". Betts has also numerous theatre credits including playing an assortment of roles for the Royal Shakespeare Company, including playing a variety of successful characters in the RSC's \"\"Gunpowder\"\" season. Other theatre credits include \"\"The 39 Steps,\"\" a British play adapted from the 1915 novel by John Buchan and the 1935 film by Alfred Hitchcock, and Arthur in \"\"War Horse,\"\" the National Theatre's award winning show in the West End. Nigel Betts Nigel Betts is an English actor who has an irregular recurring role", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1854190", "chunk_text": "\"Brian Sergent\"\nBrian Sergent Brian Sergent (born 29 December 1959) is an actor born and based in Wellington, New Zealand. Sergent’s acting career began at age 15 playing Lionel in the soap opera, \"\"Close to Home\"\". Brian is also known for playing Eric on \"\"Outrageous Fortune\"\", the New Zealand Prime Minister on \"\"Flight of the Conchords\"\" (similarly named Bryan), and Harold in \"\"The Lost Children\"\". One of his most popular characters, cabin steward Gavin Soper, appeared on the \"\"Pulp Comedy\"\" television series. Sergent has a strong association with Circa Theatre in Wellington. He performed as five different characters in \"\"Time of My", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19673206", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (1988 film)\"\nsmall-town cop \"\"Rider\"\", before being dragged into a world of small-town politics, time travel and a scheme involving Joe Bogart, a time-travelling alien whose spaceship's camouflage unit stopped working while he was in Los Alamos working on the Manhattan project; \"\" Joe Bogart's\"\" Nique Needles won Best Actor in A Science Fiction Film at the 1988 Fantafestival. As Time Goes By (1988 film) As Time Goes By (originally titled The Cricketer) is a 1988 Australian science fiction comedy film. The title song is heard in the Australian version of the film but not in overseas prints, because of its high", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13532695", "chunk_text": "\"Lionel Long\"\nLionel Long Lionel Joaquin Paul Long, OAM (19391 January 1998) was an Australian country and folk singer, songwriter, guitarist, actor and artist. Long became one of Australia's most successful and popular country and folk artists in the 1960s, releasing over a dozen albums for EMI. He was also well known for his acting appearances on television programs such as \"\"Homicide\"\". Lionel Long was born in Burwood, a Sydney suburb, and grew up in Bondi with his mother Aileen and father Ernest who was an accomplished violinist. He went to Christian Brothers School where he was an A grade student and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17207325", "chunk_text": "\"As Time Goes By (TV series)\"\nright to release the complete series over two sets, with the first containing Series One to Four and the following set containing Series Five to Nine. Acorn Media has released to 'The Reunion Specials' on DVD. In Australia on Region 4, the complete series has been released as individual sets and as a complete collection. North America United Kingdom Australia As Time Goes By (TV series) As Time Goes By is a British romantic sitcom which aired on BBC One from 1992 to 2005, running for nine series and three specials. Starring Judi Dench and Geoffrey Palmer, it follows the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15909619", "chunk_text": "\"Damon Evans (actor)\"\nand Bess\"\", and again in the 1993 television adaptation of that production. In addition to Evans and other noted performers, this British production of Gershwin's 'American folk opera' featured the Glyndebourne Chorus and the London Philharmonic, both conducted by Sir Simon Rattle. Evans played Sportin' Life, a role originated by John W. Bubbles and originally written for famed 1920s and 1930s jazz bandleader and singer Cab Calloway. Damon Evans (actor) Damon Evans (born November 24, 1949) is an American actor, born in Baltimore, Maryland, best known as the second of two actors who portrayed Lionel Jefferson on the CBS sitcom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10086784", "chunk_text": "\"1973 (song)\"\nIbiza club that inspired the song and opened in 1973. Blunt has stated in a radio interview with KISFM on 8 September 2007, that the girl from his lyrics \"\"Simona\"\" was indeed based on a real woman he had met at the club. The lyrics include references to a few American popular songs: \"\"As Time Goes By\"\", written in 1931 by Herman Hupfeld and popularised by Dooley Wilson playing the character of \"\"Sam\"\" in the 1942 film \"\"Casablanca\"\"; \"\"It's the Same Old Song\"\", written by the legendary songwriting team Holland–Dozier–Holland and recorded in 1965 on the Motown label by The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19421210", "chunk_text": "\"Michael J. Willett\"\nMichael J. Willett Michael James Mansel Willett (born September 11, 1989) is an American actor and musician. Willett is known most for his roles as Lionel in \"\"United States of Tara\"\" and Tanner in \"\"G.B.F.\"\". He starred in the MTV show \"\"Faking It\"\" from 2014 until its cancellation in 2016. Willett grew up in Fresno, California, and attended Clovis West High School. From a young age he always wanted to perform, and has stated, \"\"When I was younger I was more uncomfortable with that side of myself, being outgoing and talkative. I realized along the way that was how you", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18030824", "chunk_text": "\"Michael J. Willett\"\nin the industry.\"\" Michael J. Willett Michael James Mansel Willett (born September 11, 1989) is an American actor and musician. Willett is known most for his roles as Lionel in \"\"United States of Tara\"\" and Tanner in \"\"G.B.F.\"\". He starred in the MTV show \"\"Faking It\"\" from 2014 until its cancellation in 2016. Willett grew up in Fresno, California, and attended Clovis West High School. From a young age he always wanted to perform, and has stated, \"\"When I was younger I was more uncomfortable with that side of myself, being outgoing and talkative. I realized along the way that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_209	how many co2 molecules are produced in aerobic respiration?	n/a	[ "6" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985316", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nADP and a phosphate group. Biology textbooks often state that 38 ATP molecules can be made per oxidised glucose molecule during cellular respiration (2 from glycolysis, 2 from the Krebs cycle, and about 34 from the electron transport system). However, this maximum yield is never quite reached because of losses due to leaky membranes as well as the cost of moving pyruvate and ADP into the mitochondrial matrix, and current estimates range around 29 to 30 ATP per glucose. Aerobic metabolism is up to 15 times more efficient than anaerobic metabolism (which yields 2 molecules ATP per 1 molecule glucose).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19611269", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nto make ATP but generates heat. This is particularly important in brown fat thermogenesis of newborn and hibernating mammals. According to some of newer sources the ATP yield during aerobic respiration is not 36–38, but only about 30–32 ATP molecules / 1 molecule of glucose , because: So finally we have, per molecule of glucose Altogether this gives 4 + 3 (or 5) + 20 + 3 = 30 (or 32) ATP per molecule of glucose The total ATP yield in ethanol or lactic acid fermentation is only 2 molecules coming from glycolysis, because pyruvate is not transferred to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985318", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nAcetyl CoA + 2 Carbon Dioxide + 2 Hydrogen\"\" 3. Krebs Cycle: --- \"\"2 Acetyl CoA + 3 O2 → 6 Hydrogen + 4 Carbon Dioxide + 2 ATPs\"\" 4. Electron Transport System: --- \"\"12 Hydrogen + 3 O2 → 6 Water + 32 ATPs\"\" Overall Reaction: --- \"\"Glucose + 6 O2 → 6 Carbon Dioxide + 6 Water + 36 ATPs\"\" Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that takes place in the cytosol of cells in all living organisms. This pathway can function with or without the presence of oxygen. In humans, aerobic conditions produce pyruvate and anaerobic conditions produce", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8559500", "chunk_text": "Glycolysis\nas part of glycolysis. These further aerobic reactions use pyruvate and NADH + H from glycolysis. Eukaryotic aerobic respiration produces approximately 34 additional molecules of ATP for each glucose molecule, however most of these are produced by a vastly different mechanism to the substrate-level phosphorylation in glycolysis. The lower-energy production, per glucose, of anaerobic respiration relative to aerobic respiration, results in greater flux through the pathway under hypoxic (low-oxygen) conditions, unless alternative sources of anaerobically oxidizable substrates, such as fatty acids, are found. The pathway of glycolysis as it is known today took almost 100 years to fully discover. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11142238", "chunk_text": "Glucose\nfor subsequent breakdown in later steps of glycolysis. At physiological conditions, this initial reaction is irreversible. In anaerobic respiration, one glucose molecule produces a net gain of two ATP molecules (four ATP molecules are produced during glycolysis through substrate-level phosphorylation, but two are required by enzymes used during the process). In aerobic respiration, a molecule of glucose is much more profitable in that a maximum net production of 30 or 32 ATP molecules (depending on the organism) through oxidative phosphorylation is generated. Tumor cells often grow comparatively quickly and consume an above-average amount of glucose by glycolysis, which leads to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985317", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nHowever some anaerobic organisms, such as methanogens are able to continue with anaerobic respiration, yielding more ATP by using other inorganic molecules (not oxygen) as final electron acceptors in the electron transport chain. They share the initial pathway of glycolysis but aerobic metabolism continues with the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The post-glycolytic reactions take place in the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells, and in the cytoplasm in prokaryotic cells. 1. Glycolysis: --- \"\"2 ATPs + Glucose → 2 Pyruvic Acid + 4 Hydrogen + 4 ATPs\"\" 2. Formation of Acetyl CoA: --- \"\"2 Pyruvic Acid + 2 CoA → 2", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985323", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\ncycle. The citric acid cycle is an 8-step process involving 18 different enzymes and co-enzymes. During the cycle, acetyl-CoA (2 carbons) + oxaloacetate (4 carbons) yields citrate (6 carbons), which is rearranged to a more reactive form called isocitrate (6 carbons). Isocitrate is modified to become α-ketoglutarate (5 carbons), succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and, finally, oxaloacetate. The net gain of high-energy compounds from one cycle is 3 NADH, 1 FADH, and 1 GTP; the GTP may subsequently be used to produce ATP. Thus, the total yield from 1 glucose molecule (2 pyruvate molecules) is 6 NADH, 2 FADH, and 2", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "353738", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular waste product\"\nCellular waste product Cellular waste products are formed as a by-product of cellular respiration, a series of processes and reactions that generate energy for the cell, in the form of ATP. Two examples of cellular respiration creating cellular waste products are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration. Each pathway generates different waste products. When in the presence of oxygen, cells use aerobic respiration to obtain energy from glucose molecules. Simplified Theoretical Reaction: CHO + 6O → 6CO + 6HO + ~ 30ATP Cells undergoing aerobic respiration produce 6 molecules of carbon dioxide, 6 molecules of water, and up to 30 molecules", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985321", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\noxidized to acetyl-CoA and CO by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). The PDC contains multiple copies of three enzymes and is located in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells and in the cytosol of prokaryotes. In the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, one molecule of NADH and one molecule of CO is formed. This is also called the \"\"Krebs cycle\"\" or the \"\"tricarboxylic acid cycle\"\". When oxygen is present, acetyl-CoA is produced from the pyruvate molecules created from glycolysis. Once acetyl-CoA is formed, aerobic or anaerobic respiration can occur. When oxygen is present, the mitochondria will undergo aerobic respiration which leads", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985319", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nlactate. In aerobic conditions, the process converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate (pyruvic acid), generating energy in the form of two net molecules of ATP. Four molecules of ATP per glucose are actually produced, however, two are consumed as part of the preparatory phase. The initial phosphorylation of glucose is required to increase the reactivity (decrease its stability) in order for the molecule to be cleaved into two pyruvate molecules by the enzyme aldolase. During the pay-off phase of glycolysis, four phosphate groups are transferred to ADP by substrate-level phosphorylation to make four ATP, and two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9636186", "chunk_text": "Biochemistry\npathway. In aerobic cells with sufficient oxygen, as in most human cells, the pyruvate is further metabolized. It is irreversibly converted to acetyl-CoA, giving off one carbon atom as the waste product carbon dioxide, generating another reducing equivalent as NADH. The two molecules acetyl-CoA (from one molecule of glucose) then enter the citric acid cycle, producing two more molecules of ATP, six more NADH molecules and two reduced (ubi)quinones (via FADH as enzyme-bound cofactor), and releasing the remaining carbon atoms as carbon dioxide. The produced NADH and quinol molecules then feed into the enzyme complexes of the respiratory chain, an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4909250", "chunk_text": "\"Oxidative phosphorylation\"\nThe amount of energy released by oxidative phosphorylation is high, compared with the amount produced by anaerobic fermentation. Glycolysis produces only 2 ATP molecules, but somewhere between 30 and 36 ATPs are produced by the oxidative phosphorylation of the 10 NADH and 2 succinate molecules made by converting one molecule of glucose to carbon dioxide and water, while each cycle of beta oxidation of a fatty acid yields about 14 ATPs. These ATP yields are theoretical maximum values; in practice, some protons leak across the membrane, lowering the yield of ATP. The electron transport chain carries both protons and electrons,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6398722", "chunk_text": "\"Anaerobic respiration\"\nmolecule. Therefore, generally speaking, anaerobic respiration is less efficient than aerobic. There are two important microbial methane formation pathways, through carbonate reduction (respiration), and acetate fermentation. Cellular respiration (both aerobic and anaerobic) utilizes highly reduced chemical compounds such as NADH and FADH2 (for example produced during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle) to establish an electrochemical gradient (often a proton gradient) across a membrane, resulting in an electrical potential or ion concentration difference across the membrane. The reduced chemical compounds are oxidized by a series of respiratory integral membrane proteins with sequentially increasing reduction potentials with the final electron acceptor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18682761", "chunk_text": "\"Basal metabolic rate\"\nin water—that is, 2 to 1—all of the oxygen consumed by the cells is used to oxidize the carbon in the carbohydrate molecule to form carbon dioxide. Consequently, during the complete oxidation of a glucose molecule, six molecules of carbon dioxide and six molecules of water are produced and six molecules of oxygen are consumed. The overall equation for this reaction is: Because the gas exchange in this reaction is equal, the respiratory quotient (R.Q.) for carbohydrate is unity or 1.0: The chemical composition for fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that fats contain considerably fewer oxygen atoms in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985314", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nstronger bonds to form, thereby transferring energy for use by the cell) can then be used to drive processes requiring energy, including biosynthesis, locomotion or transportation of molecules across cell membranes. \"\"Aerobic respiration\"\" requires oxygen (O) in order to create ATP. Although carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are consumed as reactants, it is the preferred method of pyruvate breakdown in glycolysis and requires that pyruvate enter the mitochondria in order to be fully oxidized by the Krebs cycle. The products of this process are carbon dioxide and water, but the energy transferred is used to break bonds in ADP as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985322", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nto the Krebs cycle. However, if oxygen is not present, fermentation of the pyruvate molecule will occur. In the presence of oxygen, when acetyl-CoA is produced, the molecule then enters the citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) inside the mitochondrial matrix, and is oxidized to CO while at the same time reducing NAD to NADH. NADH can be used by the electron transport chain to create further ATP as part of oxidative phosphorylation. To fully oxidize the equivalent of one glucose molecule, two acetyl-CoA must be metabolized by the Krebs cycle. Two waste products, HO and CO, are created during this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12481818", "chunk_text": "\"Carbon dioxide\"\nethanol, also known as alcohol, as follows: All aerobic organisms produce when they oxidize carbohydrates, fatty acids, and proteins. The large number of reactions involved are exceedingly complex and not described easily. Refer to (cellular respiration, anaerobic respiration and photosynthesis). The equation for the respiration of glucose and other monosaccharides is: Anaerobic organisms decompose organic material producing methane and carbon dioxide together with traces of other compounds. Regardless of the type of organic material, the production of gases follows well defined kinetic pattern. Carbon dioxide comprises about 40–45% of the gas that emanates from decomposition in landfills (termed \"\"landfill gas\"\").", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1263512", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular waste product\"\nCO is formed in Pyruvate decarboxylation, HO is formed in oxidative phosphorylation, and both are formed in the citric acid cycle. The simple nature of the final products also indicates the efficiency of this method of respiration. All of the energy stored in the carbon-carbon bonds of glucose is released, leaving CO and HO. Although there is energy stored in the bonds of these molecules, this energy is not easily accessible by the cell. All usable energy is efficiently extracted. Anaerobic respiration is done by aerobic organisms when there is not sufficient oxygen in a cell to undergo aerobic respiration", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14538427", "chunk_text": "\"Adenosine triphosphate\"\npathways in eukaryotes are (1) glycolysis, (2) the citric acid cycle/oxidative phosphorylation, and (3) beta-oxidation. The overall process of oxidizing glucose to carbon dioxide, the combination of pathways 1 and 2, is known as cellular respiration, produces about 30 equivalents of ATP from each molecule of glucose. ATP production by a non-photosynthetic aerobic eukaryote occurs mainly in the mitochondria, which comprise nearly 25% of the volume of a typical cell. In glycolysis, glucose and glycerol are metabolized to pyruvate. Glycolysis generates two equivalents of ATP through substrate phosphorylation catalyzed by two enzymes, PGK and pyruvate kinase. Two equivalents of NADH", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "590812", "chunk_text": "\"Respiratory system\"\nalso possess a heart that pumps blood containing hemocyanin as its oxygen-capturing molecule. Hence, this respiratory system is similar to that of vertebrate fish. The respiratory system of gastropods can include either gills or a lung. Plants use carbon dioxide gas in the process of photosynthesis, and exhale oxygen gas as waste. The chemical equation of photosynthesis is 6 CO (carbon dioxide) and 6 HO (water), which in the presence of sunlight makes CHO (glucose) and 6 O (oxygen). Photosynthesis uses electrons on the carbon atoms as the repository for the energy obtained from sunlight. Respiration is the opposite of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1263511", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular waste product\"\nof ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is directly used to produce energy, from each molecule of glucose in the presence of surplus oxygen. In aerobic respiration, oxygen serves as the recipient of electrons from the electron transport chain. Aerobic respiration is thus very efficient because oxygen is a strong oxidant. Aerobic respiration proceeds in a series of steps, which also increases efficiency - since glucose is broken down gradually and ATP is produced as needed, less energy is wasted as heat. This strategy results in the waste products HO and CO being formed in different amounts at different phases of respiration.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1423065", "chunk_text": "Photorespiration\nC3 serine in the mitochondria by the enzyme glycine-decarboxylase is a key step, which releases , NH, and reduces NAD to NADH. Thus, 1 molecule is produced for every 2 molecules of (two deriving from the activity of RuBisCO, the third from peroxisomal oxidations). The assimilation of NH occurs via the GS-GOGAT cycle, at a cost of one ATP and one NADPH. Cyanobacteria have three possible pathways through which they can metabolise 2-phosphoglycolate. They are unable to grow if all three pathways are knocked out, despite having a carbon concentrating mechanism that should dramatically reduce the rate of photorespiration (see", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13732694", "chunk_text": "\"Soil respiration\"\ntricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle – or citric acid cycle – is an important step in cellular respiration. In the TCA cycle, a six carbon sugar will be oxidized. This oxidation produces the CO and HO from the sugar. Plants, fungi, animals and bacteria all use this cycle to convert organic compounds to energy. This is how the majority of soil respiration occurs at its most basic level. Since the process relies on oxygen to occur, this is referred to as aerobic respiration. Fermentation is another process in which cells gain energy from organic compounds. In this metabolic pathway, energy is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15170174", "chunk_text": "\"Respiratory quotient\"\nat standard temperature and pressure. Many metabolized substances are compounds containing only the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Examples include fatty acids, glycerol, carbohydrates, deamination products, and ethanol. For complete oxidation of such compounds, the chemical equation is CHO + (x + y/4 - z/2) O → x CO + (y/2) HO and thus metabolism of this compound gives an RQ of x/(x + y/4 - z/2). For glucose, with the molecular formula, CHO, the complete oxidation equation is CHO + 6 O → 6 CO+ 6 HO. Thus, the RQ= 6 CO/ 6 O=1. The range of respiratory coefficients", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20454163", "chunk_text": "\"Respiratory system\"\nrelease energy). But the quantity of O used per hour is small as they are not involved in activities that require high rates of aerobic metabolism. Their requirement for air, however, is very high as they need CO for photosynthesis, which constitutes only 0.04% of the environmental air. Thus, to make 1 g of glucose requires the removal of all the CO from \"\"at least\"\" 18.7 liters of air at sea level. But inefficiencies in the photosynthetic process cause considerably greater volumes of air to be used. Respiratory system The respiratory system (also respiratory apparatus, ventilatory system) is a biological", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5091178", "chunk_text": "\"Carbohydrate catabolism\"\nmolecules of ATP is therefore one of the most important biochemical pathways found in living organisms. Glycolysis, which means “sugar splitting,” is the initial process in the cellular respiration pathway. Glycolysis can be either an aerobic or anaerobic process. When oxygen is present, glycolysis continues along the aerobic respiration pathway. If oxygen is not present, then ATP production is restricted to anaerobic respiration. The location where glycolysis, aerobic or anaerobic, occurs is in the cytosol of the cell. In glycolysis, a six-carbon glucose molecule is split into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvate. These carbon molecules are oxidized into NADH and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16231516", "chunk_text": "Crista\nmolecules of water (HO). By accepting the electrons, oxygen allows the electron transport chain to continue functioning. The electrons from each NADH molecule can form a total of 3 ATP's from ADPs and phosphate groups through the electron transport chain, while each FADH molecule can produce a total of 2 ATPs. As a result, 10 NADH molecules (from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle), along with 2 FADH molecules, can form a total of 34 ATPs during aerobic respiration (from a single electron transport chain). This means that combined with the Krebs Cycle and glycolysis, the efficiency for the electron transport", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985335", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nglycogen. During recovery, when oxygen becomes available, NAD+ attaches to hydrogen from lactate to form ATP. In yeast, the waste products are ethanol and carbon dioxide. This type of fermentation is known as alcoholic or ethanol fermentation. The ATP generated in this process is made by substrate-level phosphorylation, which does not require oxygen. Fermentation is less efficient at using the energy from glucose: only 2 ATP are produced per glucose, compared to the 38 ATP per glucose nominally produced by aerobic respiration. This is because the waste products of fermentation still contain chemical potential energy that can be released by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18641681", "chunk_text": "\"Anaerobic organism\"\nuse anaerobic respiration. Aerotolerant organisms are strictly fermentative. In the presence of oxygen, facultative anaerobes use aerobic respiration; without oxygen, some of them ferment; some use anaerobic respiration. There are many anaerobic fermentative reactions. Fermentative anaerobic organisms mostly use the lactic acid fermentation pathway: The energy released in this equation is approximately 150 kJ per mol, which is conserved in regenerating two ATP from ADP per glucose. This is only 5% of the energy per sugar molecule that the typical aerobic reaction generates. Plants and fungi (e.g., yeasts) in general use alcohol (ethanol) fermentation when oxygen becomes limiting: The energy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985315", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nthird phosphate group is added to form ATP (adenosine triphosphate), by substrate-level phosphorylation, NADH and FADH The negative ΔG indicates that the reaction can occur spontaneously. The potential of NADH and FADH is converted to more ATP through an electron transport chain with oxygen as the \"\"terminal electron acceptor\"\". Most of the ATP produced by aerobic cellular respiration is made by oxidative phosphorylation. This works by the energy released in the consumption of pyruvate being used to create a chemiosmotic potential by pumping protons across a membrane. This potential is then used to drive ATP synthase and produce ATP from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15866412", "chunk_text": "Photosynthesis\nof carbon dioxide to carbohydrate, cellular respiration is the oxidation of carbohydrate or other nutrients to carbon dioxide. Nutrients used in cellular respiration include carbohydrates, amino acids and fatty acids. These nutrients are oxidized to produce carbon dioxide and water, and to release chemical energy to drive the organism's metabolism. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are distinct processes, as they take place through different sequences of chemical reactions and in different cellular compartments. The general equation for photosynthesis as first proposed by Cornelis van Niel is therefore: Since water is used as the electron donor in oxygenic photosynthesis, the equation for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19813790", "chunk_text": "Breathing\nBreathing Breathing (or respiration, or ventilation) is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs to facilitate gas exchange with the internal environment, mostly by bringing in oxygen and flushing out carbon dioxide. All aerobic creatures need oxygen for cellular respiration, which uses the oxygen to break down foods for energy and produces carbon dioxide as a waste product. Breathing, or \"\"external respiration\"\", brings air into the lungs where gas exchange takes place in the alveoli through diffusion. The body's circulatory system transports these gases to and from the cells, where \"\"cellular respiration\"\" takes place. The breathing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "917048", "chunk_text": "\"Respiratory exchange ratio\"\nRespiratory exchange ratio The respiratory exchange ratio (RER) is the ratio between the amount of carbon dioxide (CO) produced in metabolism and oxygen (O) used. The ratio is determined by comparing exhaled gases to room air. Measuring this ratio can be used for estimating the respiratory quotient (RQ), an indicator of which fuel (carbohydrate or fat) is being metabolized to supply the body with energy. This estimation is only valid if metabolism is in a steady state. RER is about 0.8 at rest with a modern diet. This value, however, can exceed 1 during intense exercise, as CO production by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17462818", "chunk_text": "\"Maintenance respiration\"\nMaintenance respiration Maintenance respiration (or maintenance energy) refers to metabolism occurring in an organism that is needed to maintain that organism in a healthy, living state. Maintenance respiration in plants refers to the amount of cellular respiration, measured by the carbon dioxide (CO) released or oxygen (O) consumed, during the generation of usable energy (mainly ATP, NADPH, and NADH) and metabolic intermediates used for (i) resynthesis of compounds that undergo renewal (turnover) in the normal process of metabolism (examples are enzymatic proteins, ribonucleic acids, and membrane lipids); (ii) maintenance of chemical gradients of ions and metabolites across cellular membranes that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12481850", "chunk_text": "\"Carbon dioxide\"\naerobic fungi and bacteria. In vertebrates, the carbon dioxide travels in the blood from the body's tissues to the skin (e.g., amphibians) or the gills (e.g., fish), from where it dissolves in the water, or to the lungs from where it is exhaled. During active photosynthesis, plants can absorb more carbon dioxide from the atmosphere than they release in respiration. Carbon fixation is a biochemical process by which atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated by plants, algae and (cyanobacteria) into energy-rich organic molecules such as glucose, thus creating their own food by photosynthesis. Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and water to produce", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15553852", "chunk_text": "\"Respiratory exchange ratio\"\noften used as a secondary endpoint criterion of a VO max test. An RER of 0.70 indicates that fat is the predominant fuel source, RER of 0.85 suggests a mix of fat and carbohydrates, and a value of 1.00 or above is indicative of carbohydrate being the predominant fuel source. Oxidation of a carbohydrate molecule Oxidation of a fatty acid molecule Respiratory exchange ratio The respiratory exchange ratio (RER) is the ratio between the amount of carbon dioxide (CO) produced in metabolism and oxygen (O) used. The ratio is determined by comparing exhaled gases to room air. Measuring this ratio", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11801346", "chunk_text": "\"Bioenergetic systems\"\nlactic acid system is used predominately for the \"\"kick\"\" at the end of a race. This stage of the aerobic system occurs on the cristae (infoldings on the membrane of the mitochondria). The NADH+ from glycolysis and the Krebs cycle, and the FADH+ from the Krebs cycle produce electron carriers at decreasing energy levels, in which energy is released to reform ATP. Each NADH+ that travels this electron transport chain provides enough energy for 3 molecules of ATP, and each molecule of FADH+ provides enough energy for 2 molecules of ATP. If you do your math this means that 10", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18985324", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular respiration\"\nATP. In eukaryotes, oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondrial cristae. It comprises the electron transport chain that establishes a proton gradient (chemiosmotic potential) across the boundary of inner membrane by oxidizing the NADH produced from the Krebs cycle. ATP is synthesized by the ATP synthase enzyme when the chemiosmotic gradient is used to drive the phosphorylation of ADP. The electrons are finally transferred to exogenous oxygen and, with the addition of two protons, water is formed. The table below describes the reactions involved when one glucose molecule is fully oxidized into carbon dioxide. It is assumed that all the reduced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11361414", "chunk_text": "\"Conservation of mass\"\ntwo oxygen molecules are converted into one molecule of carbon dioxide () and two of water (). The number of molecules as result from the reaction can be derived from the principle of conservation of mass, as initially four hydrogen atoms, 4 oxygen atoms and one carbon atom are present (as well as in the final state), then the number water molecules produced must be exactly two per molecule of carbon dioxide produced. Many engineering problems are solved by following the mass distribution in time of a given system, this practice is known as mass balance. An important idea in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15508599", "chunk_text": "\"Citric acid cycle\"\nCitric acid cycle The citric acid cycle (CAC) – also known as the\"\" TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid cycle) \"\" or the\"\" Krebs cycle \"\"– is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to release stored energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and carbon dioxide. In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids, as well as the reducing agent NADH, that are used in numerous other reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16370235", "chunk_text": "\"Carbohydrate catabolism\"\nof electrons, is used to reduce NAD+ and FAD to NADH and FADH, respectively. NADH and FADH contain the stored energy harnessed from the initial glucose molecule and is used in the electron transport chain where the bulk of the ATP is produced. The last process in aerobic respiration is oxidative phosphorylation, also known as the electron transport chain. Here NADH and FADH, which contain the energy in the form of electrons, deliver their electrons to the inner membranes of the mitochondrion to power the production of ATP. Oxidative phosphorylation contributes the majority of the ATP produced, compared to glycolysis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "353742", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular waste product\"\nsuch as oxygen in aerobic respiration and nitrate in anaerobic respiration. These varied organic receptors each generate different waste products. Common products are lactic acid, lactose, hydrogen, and ethanol. Carbon dioxide is also commonly produced. Fermentation occurs primarily in anaerobic conditions, although some organisms such as yeast use fermentation even when oxygen is plentiful. Simplified Theoretical Reaction: CHO formula_1 2CHO + 2 ATP (120 kJ) Lactic Acid Fermentation is commonly known as the process by which mammalian muscle cells produce energy in anaerobic environments, as in instances of great physical exertion, and is the simplest type of fermentation. It starts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15463303", "chunk_text": "Carbohydrate\none gram of lipids yields about 38 kJ (9 kcal). The human body stores between 300 to 500 g of carbohydrates depending on body weight, with the skeletal muscle contributing to a large portion of the storage. Energy obtained from metabolism (e.g., oxidation of glucose) is usually stored temporarily within cells in the form of ATP. Organisms capable of anaerobic and aerobic respiration that metabolizes glucose and oxygen (aerobic) to release energy with carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. Catabolism is the metabolic reaction which cells undergo to break down larger molecules, extracting energy. There are two major metabolic pathways", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14134354", "chunk_text": "\"Carbohydrate metabolism\"\nFADH, which drive the creation of ATP in other processes. A molecule of NADH can produce 1.5–2.5 molecules of ATP, whereas a molecule of FADH will yield 1.5 molecules of ATP. Typically, the complete breakdown of one molecule of glucose via aerobic respiration (i.e. involving both glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle) is usually about 30–32 molecules of ATP. Oxidation of one gram of carbohydrate yields approximately 4 kcal of energy. Glucoregulation is the maintenance of steady levels of glucose in the body. Hormones released from the pancreas regulate the overall metabolism of glucose. Insulin and glucagon are the primary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5213923", "chunk_text": "\"Respiratory system\"\nan enzyme inside the red blood cells. The reaction can go in both directions depending on the prevailing partial pressure of CO. A small amount of carbon dioxide is carried on the protein portion of the hemoglobin molecules as carbamino groups. The total concentration of carbon dioxide (in the form of bicarbonate ions, dissolved CO, and carbamino groups) in arterial blood (i.e. after it has equilibrated with the alveolar air) is about 26 mM (or 58 ml/100 ml), compared to the concentration of oxygen in saturated arterial blood of about 9 mM (or 20 ml/100 ml blood). Ventilation of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15135766", "chunk_text": "Acetogen\nAcetogen An acetogen is a microorganism that generates acetate (CHCOO) as an end product of anaerobic respiration or fermentation. However, this term is usually employed in a more narrow sense only to those bacteria and archaea that perform anaerobic respiration and carbon fixation simultaneously through the reductive acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) pathway (also known as the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway). These genuine acetogens are also known as \"\"homoacetogens\"\" and they can produce acetyl-CoA (and from that, in most cases, acetate as the end product) from two molecules of carbon dioxide (CO) and four molecules of molecular hydrogen (H). This process is known", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1263515", "chunk_text": "\"Cellular waste product\"\nalong the same pathway as aerobic respiration, but once glucose is converted to pyruvate proceeds down one of two pathways and produces only two molecules of ATP from each molecule of glucose. In the homolactic pathway, it produces lactic acid as waste. In the heterolactic pathway, it produces lactic acid as well as ethanol and carbon dioxide. Lactic acid fermentation is relatively inefficient. The waste products lactic acid and ethanol have not been fully oxidized and still contain energy, but it requires the addition of oxygen to extract this energy. Generally, lactic acid fermentation occurs only when aerobic cells are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5785592", "chunk_text": "\"Anaerobic glycolysis\"\nAnaerobic glycolysis Anaerobic glycolysis is the transformation of glucose to lactate when limited amounts of oxygen (O) are available. Anaerobic glycolysis is only an effective means of energy production during short, intense exercise, providing energy for a period ranging from 10 seconds to 2 minutes. The anaerobic glycolysis (lactic acid) system is dominant from about 10–30 seconds during a maximal effort. It replenishes very quickly over this period and produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule or about 5% of glucose's energy potential (38 ATP molecules). The speed at which ATP is produced is about 100 times that of oxidative", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18162051", "chunk_text": "\"Adenosine diphosphate\"\nthe cytoplasm, the viscous fluid that fills living cells, where the glycolytic reactions take place. The citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or the TCA (tricarboxylic acid) cycle is an 8-step process that takes the pyruvate generated by glycolysis and generates 4 NADH, FADH2, and GTP, which is further converted to ATP. It is only in step 5, where GTP is generated, by succinyl-CoA synthetase, and then converted to ATP, that ADP is used (GTP + ADP → GDP + ATP). Oxidative phosphorylation produces 26 of the 30 equivalents of ATP generated in cellular respiration by transferring", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5513255", "chunk_text": "Fermentation\nto ATP and convert NAD+ to NADH. The pyruvates break down into two acetaldehyde molecules and give off two carbon dioxide molecules as a waste product. The acetaldehyde is reduced into ethanol using the energy and hydrogen from NADH, and the NADH is oxidized into NAD+ so that the cycle may repeat. The reaction is catalysed by the enzymes pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase. \"\"Homolactic fermentation\"\" (producing only lactic acid) is the simplest type of fermentation. The pyruvate from glycolysis undergoes a simple redox reaction, forming lactic acid. It is unique because it is one of the only respiration processes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_210	where does the optic nerve cross the midline ?	n/a	[ "optic chiasm" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7098878", "chunk_text": "\"Optic chiasm\"\nOptic chiasm The optic chiasm or optic chiasma (; Greek , \"\"crossing\"\", from the Greek 'to mark with an X', after the Greek letter 'Χ', \"\"chi\"\") is the part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross. The optic chiasm is located at the bottom of the brain immediately inferior to the hypothalamus. The optic chiasm is found in all vertebrates, although in cyclostomes (lampreys and hagfishes) it is located within the brain. The optic nerve fibres on the nasal sides of each retina (which correspond to the temporal side of each visual field, because the image is inverted)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4943126", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nof the retinal ganglion cells of one retina. In the fovea, which has high acuity, these ganglion cells connect to as few as 5 photoreceptor cells; in other areas of retina, they connect to many thousand photoreceptors. The optic nerve leaves the orbit (eye socket) via the optic canal, running postero-medially towards the optic chiasm, where there is a partial decussation (crossing) of fibres from the temporal visual fields (the nasal hemi-retina) of both eyes. The proportion of decussating fibers varies between species, and is correlated with the degree of binocular vision enjoyed by a species. Most of the axons", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14241452", "chunk_text": "\"Optic canal\"\nOptic canal The \"\"optic foramen\"\" is the opening to the optic canal. The canal is located in the sphenoid bone; it is bounded medially by the body of the sphenoid and laterally by the lesser wing of the sphenoid. The superior surface of the sphenoid bone is bounded behind by a ridge, which forms the anterior border of a narrow, transverse groove, the chiasmatic groove (optic groove), above and behind which lies the optic chiasma; the groove ends on either side in the optic foramen, which transmits the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery (with accompanying sympathetic nerve fibres) into the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1818992", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nOptic nerve The optic nerve, also known as cranial nerve II, or simply as CN II, is a paired nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain. In humans, the optic nerve is derived from optic stalks during the seventh week of development and is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glial cells; it extends from the optic disc to the optic chiasma and continues as the optic tract to the lateral geniculate nucleus, pretectal nuclei, and superior colliculus. The optic nerve is the second of twelve paired cranial nerves and is technically part of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7098884", "chunk_text": "\"Optic chiasm\"\nof crossing in their brains, they cross their eyes (strabismus). This is also seen in albino tigers, as Guillery & Kaas report. The crossing of nerve fibres, and the impact on vision that this had, was probably first identified by Persian physician \"\"Esmail Jorjani\"\", who appears to be Zayn al-Din Gorgani (1042–1137). Optic chiasm The optic chiasm or optic chiasma (; Greek , \"\"crossing\"\", from the Greek 'to mark with an X', after the Greek letter 'Χ', \"\"chi\"\") is the part of the brain where the optic nerves partially cross. The optic chiasm is located at the bottom of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16467086", "chunk_text": "\"Optic chiasm\"\ncross over (decussate) to the opposite side of the brain via the optic nerve at the optic chiasm (decussation of medial fibers). The temporal hemiretina (corresponding to the nasal visual field), on the other hand, stays on the same side. The inferonasal retina are related to anterior portion of the optic chiasm whereas superonasal retinal fibers are related to the posterior portion of the optic chiasm. The crossing over of optic nerve fibres at the optic chiasm allows the visual cortex to receive the same hemispheric visual field from both eyes. Superimposing and processing these monocular visual signals allow the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4943128", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nspace before joining the optic chiasm. There, partial decussation occurs, and about 53% of the fibers cross to form the optic tracts. Most of these fibres terminate in the lateral geniculate body. Based on this anatomy, the optic nerve may be divided in the four parts as indicated in the image at the top of this section (this view is from above as if you were looking into the orbit after the top of the skull had been removed): 1. the optic head (which is where it begins in the eyeball (globe) with fibers from the retina; 2. orbital part", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9870825", "chunk_text": "\"Optic disc drusen\"\nretinal ganglion cell axons. The optic nerve head, or optic disc is the anterior end of the nerve that is in the eye and hence is visible with an ophthalmoscope. It is located nasally and slightly inferior to the macula of the eye. There is a blind spot at the optic disc because there are no rods or cones beneath it to detect light. The central retinal artery and vein can be seen in the middle of the disc as it exits the scleral canal with the optic nerve to supply the retina. The vessels send branches out in all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14758707", "chunk_text": "\"Pupillary light reflex\"\nright. Segments 1 and 2 each includes both the retina and the optic nerve (cranial Nerve #2). Segments 3 and 4 are nerve fibers that cross from the pretectal nucleus on one side to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus on the contralateral side. Segments 5 and 6 are fibers that connect the pretectal nucleus on one side to the Edinger-Westphal nucleus on the same side. Segments Segments 3, 4, 5, and 6 are all located within a compact region within the midbrain. Segments 7 and 8 each contains parasympathetic fibers that courses from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus, through the ciliary ganglion, along the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14361311", "chunk_text": "\"Nasociliary nerve\"\nNasociliary nerve The nasociliary nerve is a branch of the ophthalmic nerve (CN V; one of three branches of the trigeminal nerve a.k.a. CN V). It is intermediate in size between the two other main branches of the ophthalmic nerve, the frontal nerve and the lacrimal nerve, and is more deeply placed. The nasociliary nerve enters the orbit between the two heads of the lateral rectus muscles and between the superior and inferior rami of the oculomotor nerve (CN III). It passes across the optic nerve (CN II) and runs obliquely beneath the superior rectus muscle and superior oblique muscle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4943129", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\n(which is the part within the orbit). 3. intracanicular part (which is the part within a bony canal known as the optic canal); and, 4. cranial part (the part within the cranial cavity, which ends at the optic chiasm). From the lateral geniculate body, fibers of the optic radiation pass to the visual cortex in the occipital lobe of the brain. In more specific terms, fibers carrying information from the contralateral superior visual field traverse Meyer's loop to terminate in the lingual gyrus below the calcarine fissure in the occipital lobe, and fibers carrying information from the contralateral inferior visual", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18314698", "chunk_text": "\"Optic tract\"\nOptic tract The optic tract (from the Latin \"\"tractus opticus\"\") is a part of the visual system in the brain. It is a continuation of the optic nerve that relays information from the optic chiasm to the ipsilateral lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), pretectal nuclei, and superior colliculus. It is composed of two individual tracts, the left optic tract and the right optic tract, each of which conveys visual information exclusive to its respective contralateral half of the visual field. Each of these tracts is derived from a combination of temporal and nasal retinal fibers from each eye that corresponds to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6919812", "chunk_text": "Retina\nganglion cells), and those showing non-linear summation are Y cells (also called magnocellular, M, or parasol retinal ganglion cells), although the correspondence between X and Y cells (in the cat retina) and P and M cells (in the primate retina) is not as simple as it once seemed. In the transfer of visual signals to the brain, the visual pathway, the retina is vertically divided in two, a temporal (nearer to the temple) half and a nasal (nearer to the nose) half. The axons from the nasal half cross the brain at the optic chiasma to join with axons from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16011677", "chunk_text": "\"Long ciliary nerves\"\nLong ciliary nerves The long ciliary nerves, two or three in number, are given off from the nasociliary nerve as it crosses the optic nerve. The nasociliary nerve that the long ciliary nerves branch from is itself a branch of the ophthalmic branch (V) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). They accompany the short ciliary nerves from the ciliary ganglion, pierce the posterior part of the sclera, and running forward between it and the choroid, are distributed to the iris and cornea. The long ciliary nerves provide sensory innervation to the eyeball, including the cornea. In addition, they contain sympathetic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4483636", "chunk_text": "\"Oculomotor nerve\"\npasses medially over the optic nerve. It supplies the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris. The \"\"inferior branch\"\" of the oculomotor nerve or the \"\"inferior division\"\", the larger, divides into three branches. All these branches enter the muscles on their ocular surfaces, with the exception of the nerve to the inferior oblique, which enters the muscle at its posterior border. The oculomotor nerve (CN III) arises from the anterior aspect of mesencephalon (midbrain). There are two nuclei for the oculomotor nerve: Sympathetic postganglionic fibres also join the nerve from the plexus on the internal carotid artery in the wall of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5812871", "chunk_text": "\"Chiasmal syndrome\"\ntract on the ipsilateral side. This arrangement allows the left half of the visual field to end up on the right side of the brain and the right half of the visual field to locate to the left side. The optic nerves consist of the axons from the retinal ganglion of each eye. At the chiasm, 53% of the axons from the nasal retina cross the midline to join the uncrossed temporal fibers. These nasal fibers carry information from the temporal visual field. Similarly, the temporal fibers transmit images from the nasal field. The two optic tracts, representing the right", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19421854", "chunk_text": "\"Lamina cribrosa sclerae\"\nLamina cribrosa sclerae The nerve fibers forming the optic nerve exit the eye posteriorly through a hole in the sclera that is occupied by a mesh-like structure called the lamina cribrosa. It is formed by a multilayered network of collagen fibers that insert into the scleral canal wall. The nerve fibers that comprise the optic nerve run through pores formed by these collagen beams. In humans, a central retinal artery is located slightly off-center in nasal direction. The lamina cribrosa is thought to help maintain the pressure gradient between the inside of the eye and the surrounding tissue. Being structurally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4943125", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\n(dura, arachnoid, and pia mater) rather than the epineurium, perineurium, and endoneurium found in peripheral nerves. Fiber tracts of the mammalian central nervous system (as opposed to the peripheral nervous system) are incapable of regeneration, and, hence, optic nerve damage produces irreversible blindness. The fibres from the retina run along the optic nerve to nine primary visual nuclei in the brain, from which a major relay inputs into the primary visual cortex. The optic nerve is composed of retinal ganglion cell axons and glial cells. Each human optic nerve contains between 770,000 and 1.7 million nerve fibers, which are axons", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9253795", "chunk_text": "\"Lacrimal nerve\"\nLacrimal nerve The lacrimal nerve is the smallest of the three branches of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. It sometimes receives a filament from the trochlear nerve that is derived from the branch that goes from the ophthalmic to the trochlear nerve. It passes forward in a separate tube of dura mater, and enters the orbit through the narrowest part of the superior orbital fissure. In the orbit it runs along the upper border of the lateral rectus, with the lacrimal artery, and communicates with the zygomatic nerve, a branch of the maxillary nerve. It enters the lacrimal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19694982", "chunk_text": "\"Optic disc\"\nOptic disc The optic disc or optic nerve head is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving the eye. Because there are no rods or cones overlying the optic disc, it corresponds to a small blind spot in each eye. The ganglion cell axons form the optic nerve after they leave the eye. The optic disc represents the beginning of the optic nerve and is the point where the axons of retinal ganglion cells come together. The optic disc is also the entry point for the major blood vessels that supply the retina. The optic disc in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2712724", "chunk_text": "\"Ophthalmic nerve\"\nof the trigeminal ganglion as a short, flattened band, about 2.5 cm. long, which passes forward along the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus, below the oculomotor and trochlear nerves; just before entering the orbit, through the superior orbital fissure, it divides into three branches, lacrimal, frontal, and nasociliary. It carries sensory branches from the eyes, conjunctiva, lacrimal gland, nasal cavity, frontal sinus, ethmoidal cells, falx cerebri, dura mater in the anterior cranial fossa, superior parts of the tentorium cerebelli, upper eyelid, dorsum of the nose, and anterior part of the scalp. Roughly speaking, the ophthalmic nerve supplies general somatic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4943127", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nof the optic nerve terminate in the lateral geniculate nucleus from where information is relayed to the visual cortex, while other axons terminate in the pretectal nucleus and are involved in reflexive eye movements. Other axons terminate in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and are involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle. Its diameter increases from about 1.6 mm within the eye to 3.5 mm in the orbit to 4.5 mm within the cranial space. The optic nerve component lengths are 1 mm in the globe, 24 mm in the orbit, 9 mm in the optic canal, and 16 mm in the cranial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4943135", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nand diagnose some optic nerve diseases but neuro-ophthalmologists are often best suited to diagnose and treat diseases of the optic nerve. The International Foundation for Optic Nerve Diseases (IFOND) sponsors research and provides information on a variety of optic nerve disorders. Similar to other CNS tracts, the optic has very limited regenerative potential after injury. However, some new techniques are being developed to increase this potential. Optic nerve The optic nerve, also known as cranial nerve II, or simply as CN II, is a paired nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain. In humans, the optic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14958627", "chunk_text": "\"Optic radiation\"\nOptic radiation The optic radiation (also known as the geniculocalcarine tract, the geniculostriate pathway, and posterior thalamic radiation) are axons from the neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus to the primary visual cortex. The optic radiation receives blood through deep branches of the middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery. They carry visual information through two divisions (called upper and lower division) to the visual cortex (also called \"\"striate cortex\"\") along the calcarine fissure. There is one such tract on each side of the brain. If a lesion only exists in one optic radiation, the consequence is called quadrantanopia, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6801772", "chunk_text": "\"Central retinal artery\"\nCentral retinal artery The central retinal artery (retinal artery) branches off the ophthalmic artery, running inferior to the optic nerve within its dural sheath to the eyeball. It pierces the eyeball close to the optic nerve, sending branches over the internal surface of the retina, and these terminal branches are the only blood supply to the larger part of it. The central part of the retina where the light rays are focussed after passing through the pupil and the lens is a circular area called the macula. The center of this circular area is the fovea. The fovea and a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14958629", "chunk_text": "\"Optic radiation\"\nexamination. Optic radiation The optic radiation (also known as the geniculocalcarine tract, the geniculostriate pathway, and posterior thalamic radiation) are axons from the neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus to the primary visual cortex. The optic radiation receives blood through deep branches of the middle cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery. They carry visual information through two divisions (called upper and lower division) to the visual cortex (also called \"\"striate cortex\"\") along the calcarine fissure. There is one such tract on each side of the brain. If a lesion only exists in one optic radiation, the consequence is called quadrantanopia,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20995487", "chunk_text": "\"Optic disc\"\nnormal human eye carries 1–1.2 million afferent nerve fibers from the eye towards the brain. The optic disc is placed 3 to 4 mm to the nasal side of the fovea. It is a vertical oval, with average dimensions of 1.76mm horizontally by 1.92mm vertically. There is a central depression, of variable size, called the optic cup. This depression can be a variety of shapes from a shallow indentation to a bean pot—this shape can be significant for diagnosis of some retinal disease. The optic disc or optic nerve head is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14241453", "chunk_text": "\"Optic canal\"\norbital cavity. Compared to the optic nerve, the ophthalmic artery is located inferolaterally within the canal. The left and right optic canals are 25mm apart posteriorly and 30mm apart anteriorly. The canals themselves are funnel-shaped (narrowest anteriorly). Optic canal The \"\"optic foramen\"\" is the opening to the optic canal. The canal is located in the sphenoid bone; it is bounded medially by the body of the sphenoid and laterally by the lesser wing of the sphenoid. The superior surface of the sphenoid bone is bounded behind by a ridge, which forms the anterior border of a narrow, transverse groove, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17019935", "chunk_text": "\"Optic neuropathy\"\nor indirect injury. Direct optic nerve injuries are caused by trauma to the head or orbit that crosses normal tissue planes and disrupts the anatomy and function of the optic nerve; e.g., a bullet or forceps that physically injures the optic nerve. Indirect injuries, like blunt trauma to the forehead during a motor vehicle accident, transmit force to the optic nerve without transgressing tissue planes. This type of force causes the optic nerve to absorb excess energy at the time of impact. The most common site of injury of the optic nerve is the intracanalicular portion of the nerve. Deceleration", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19505887", "chunk_text": "\"Optic disc\"\npatients without glaucoma. Optic disc The optic disc or optic nerve head is the point of exit for ganglion cell axons leaving the eye. Because there are no rods or cones overlying the optic disc, it corresponds to a small blind spot in each eye. The ganglion cell axons form the optic nerve after they leave the eye. The optic disc represents the beginning of the optic nerve and is the point where the axons of retinal ganglion cells come together. The optic disc is also the entry point for the major blood vessels that supply the retina. The optic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2712723", "chunk_text": "\"Ophthalmic nerve\"\nform the external nasal branch. The ophthalmic nerve is joined by filaments from the cavernous plexus of the sympathetic, and communicates with the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducent nerves; it gives off a recurrent (meningeal) filament which passes between the layers of the tentorium. The ophthalmic nerve supplies branches to the cornea, ciliary body, and iris; to the lacrimal gland and conjunctiva; to the part of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity; and to the skin of the eyelids, eyebrow, forehead and nose. It is the smallest of the three divisions of the trigeminal, and arises from the upper part", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9891884", "chunk_text": "\"Ophthalmic artery\"\nanterior clinoid process and runs anteriorly passing through the optic canal with and inferolaterally to the optic nerve. The ophthalmic artery can also pass superiorly to the optic nerve in a minority of cases. In the posterior third of the cone of the orbit, the ophthalmic artery turns sharply medially to run along the medial wall of the orbit. The central retinal artery is the first, and one of the smaller branches of the OA and runs in the dura mater inferior to the optic nerve. About 12.5mm (0.5 inch) posterior to the globe, the central retinal artery turns superiorly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12089583", "chunk_text": "\"Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy\"\nblood primarily from the pial branches of the ophthalmic artery. The optic canal, a boney tunnel leading to the brain, surrounds the most posterior part of this optic nerve segment. The anterior optic nerve receives blood primarily from the posterior ciliary arteries. The anterior optic nerve, a.k.a. the optic nerve head, is surrounded by the scleral canal, and is vulnerable to crowding of nerve fibers. The portion of the optic nerve head that is visible by looking into the eye with an ophthalmoscope is called the optic disc. At the onset of symptoms, ophthalmoscope examination can differentiate AION from PION.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3633422", "chunk_text": "\"Short ciliary nerves\"\nthe inner surface of the sclera, and are distributed to the ciliary muscle, iris, and cornea. The short ciliary nerve contains parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve fibers. The parasympathetics arise from the Edinger-Westphal nucleus and synapse in the ciliary ganglion via the oculomotor nerve, the postganglionic parasympathetics leave the ciliary ganglion in the short ciliary nerve and supply the ciliary body and iris. Sympathetics are provided by the superior cervical ganglion and they reach the ganglion either as branches of the nasociliary nerve or directly from the extension of the plexus on the ophthalmic artery (sympathetic branch to ciliary ganglion). Damage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16011678", "chunk_text": "\"Long ciliary nerves\"\nfibers from the superior cervical ganglion to the dilator pupillae muscle. The sympathetic fibers to the dilator pupillae muscle mainly travel in the nasociliary nerve but there are also sympathetic fibers in the short ciliary nerves that pass through the ciliary ganglion without forming synapses. Long ciliary nerves The long ciliary nerves, two or three in number, are given off from the nasociliary nerve as it crosses the optic nerve. The nasociliary nerve that the long ciliary nerves branch from is itself a branch of the ophthalmic branch (V) of the trigeminal nerve (CN V). They accompany the short ciliary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4943124", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\ncentral nervous system, rather than the peripheral nervous system because it is derived from an out-pouching of the diencephalon (optic stalks) during embryonic development. As a consequence, the fibers of the optic nerve are covered with myelin produced by oligodendrocytes, rather than Schwann cells of the peripheral nervous system, and are encased within the meninges. Peripheral neuropathies like Guillain–Barré syndrome do not affect the optic nerve. However, most typically the optic nerve is grouped with the other eleven cranial nerves and considered to be part of the peripheral nervous system. The optic nerve is ensheathed in all three meningeal layers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "331502", "chunk_text": "\"Retinal nerve fiber layer\"\nRetinal nerve fiber layer The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) or nerve fiber layer, stratum opticum, is formed by the expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve; it is thickest near the optic disc, gradually diminishing toward the ora serrata. As the nerve fibers pass through the lamina cribrosa sclerae they lose their medullary sheaths and are continued onward through the choroid and retina as simple axis-cylinders. When they reach the internal surface of the retina they radiate from their point of entrance over this surface grouped in bundles, and in many places arranged in plexuses. Most of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17793707", "chunk_text": "\"Sensory root of ciliary ganglion\"\nSensory root of ciliary ganglion Sensory fibers from the eyeball (the cornea, iris, and ciliary body) run posteriorly through the short ciliary nerves and pass through the ciliary ganglion without forming synapses. They leave the ciliary ganglion in the sensory root of ciliary ganglion, which joins the nasociliary nerve—a branch of the ophthalmic nerve. From there, the signal travels back through the ophthalmic nerve to the trigeminal nerve and back into specific nuclei in the thalamus where they are relayed to areas in the cerebral cortex. The exact distribution of sensory fibers, like the distribution of sympathetic fibers, is anatomically", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9253797", "chunk_text": "\"Lacrimal nerve\"\nmembranes. It also carries post-ganglionic parasympathetic fibers (originating in the pterygopalatine ganglion) to the lacrimal nerve via a communication. These fibers will eventually provide innervation to the lacrimal gland. Lacrimal nerve The lacrimal nerve is the smallest of the three branches of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve. It sometimes receives a filament from the trochlear nerve that is derived from the branch that goes from the ophthalmic to the trochlear nerve. It passes forward in a separate tube of dura mater, and enters the orbit through the narrowest part of the superior orbital fissure. In the orbit it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9651750", "chunk_text": "\"Color vision\"\noptic chiasma: a point where the two optic nerves meet and information from the temporal (contralateral) visual field crosses to the other side of the brain. After the optic chiasma the visual tracts are referred to as the optic tracts, which enter the thalamus to synapse at the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). The lateral geniculate nucleus is divided into laminae (zones), of which there are three types: the M-laminae, consisting primarily of M-cells, the P-laminae, consisting primarily of P-cells, and the koniocellular laminae. M- and P-cells receive relatively balanced input from both L- and M-cones throughout most of the retina,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17019931", "chunk_text": "\"Optic neuropathy\"\nsupplied by the short posterior ciliary artery and choroidal circulation, while the retrobulbar optic nerve is supplied intraorbitally by a pial plexus, which arises from the ophthalmic artery, internal carotid artery, anterior cerebral artery, and anterior communicating arteries. Ischemic optic neuropathies are classified based on the location of the damage and the cause of reduced blood flow, if known. Optic neuritis is inflammation of the optic nerve, which is associated with swelling and destruction of the myelin sheath covering the optic nerve. Young adults, usually females, are most commonly affected. Symptoms of optic neuritis in the affected eye include pain", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14360897", "chunk_text": "\"Ophthalmic nerve\"\nOphthalmic nerve The ophthalmic nerve (first division of fifth cranial nerve, ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve, first division of trigeminal nerve, CN V1, latin: nervus ophthalmicus) is the first branch of the trigeminal nerve. The ophthalmic nerve is a sensory nerve mostly carrying general somatic afferent fibers that transmit sensory information to the CNS from structures of the eyeball, the skin of the upper face and anterior scalp, the lining of the upper part of the nasal cavity and air cells, and the meninges of the anterior cranial fossa. Some of ophthalmic nerve branches also convey parasympathetic fibers. The frontal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12341730", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve hypoplasia\"\nOptic nerve hypoplasia Optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) is a medical condition arising from the underdevelopment of the optic nerve(s). This condition is the most common congenital optic nerve anomaly. The optic disc appears abnormally small, because not all the optic nerve axons have developed properly. It is often associated with endocrinopathies (hormone deficiencies), developmental delay, and brain malformations. The optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual signals from the retina to the brain, has approximately 1.2 million nerve fibers in the average person. In those diagnosed with ONH, however, there are noticeably fewer nerves. ONH may be found in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11376679", "chunk_text": "\"Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy\"\ncollect into the optic nerve. The optic nerve is the bundle of axons that carry the visual signals from the eye to the brain. This optic nerve must penetrate through the wall of the eye, and the hole to accommodate this is usually 20-30% larger than the nerve diameter. In some patients the optic nerve is nearly as large as the opening in the back of the eye, and the optic disc appears \"\"crowded\"\" when seen by ophthalmoscopy. A crowded disc is also referred to as a \"\"disc at risk\"\". While a risk factor, the vast majority of individuals with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9963800", "chunk_text": "\"Central retinal vein\"\nCentral retinal vein The central retinal vein (retinal vein) is a short vein that runs through the optic nerve, leaves the optic nerve 10 mm from the eyeball and drains blood from the capillaries of the retina into either superior ophthalmic vein or into the cavernous sinus directly. The anatomy of the veins of the orbit of the eye varies between individuals, and in some the central retinal vein drains into the superior ophthalmic vein, and in some it drains directly into the cavernous sinus. The central retinal vein is the venous equivalent of the central retinal artery, and like", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8412654", "chunk_text": "\"Visual acuity\"\nover which an animal is highly sensitive to such visual deprivation is referred to as the critical period. The eye is connected to the visual cortex by the optic nerve coming out of the back of the eye. The two optic nerves come together behind the eyes at the optic chiasm, where about half of the fibers from each eye cross over to the opposite side and join fibers from the other eye representing the corresponding visual field, the combined nerve fibers from both eyes forming the optic tract. This ultimately forms the physiological basis of binocular vision. The tracts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "331505", "chunk_text": "\"Retinal nerve fiber layer\"\nthat may generate micro bubble that can clog micro vessels. Retinal nerve fiber layer The retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) or nerve fiber layer, stratum opticum, is formed by the expansion of the fibers of the optic nerve; it is thickest near the optic disc, gradually diminishing toward the ora serrata. As the nerve fibers pass through the lamina cribrosa sclerae they lose their medullary sheaths and are continued onward through the choroid and retina as simple axis-cylinders. When they reach the internal surface of the retina they radiate from their point of entrance over this surface grouped in bundles,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15589263", "chunk_text": "\"Pupillary light reflex\"\nconsists of the retina, the optic nerve, and the pretectal nucleus in the midbrain, at level of superior colliculus. Ganglion cells of the retina project fibers through the optic nerve to the ipsilateral pretectal nucleus. The efferent limb is the pupillary motor output from the pretectal nucleus to the ciliary sphincter muscle of the iris. The pretectal nucleus projects crossed and uncrossed fibers to the ipsilateral and contralateral Edinger-Westphal nuclei, which are also located in the midbrain. Each Edinger-Westphal nucleus gives rise to preganglionic parasympathetic fibers which exit with CN III and synapse with postganglionic parasympathetic neurons in the ciliary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6919792", "chunk_text": "Retina\ntwo of synapses, including the unique ribbon synapse. The optic nerve carries the ganglion cell axons to the brain, and the blood vessels that supply the retina. The ganglion cells lie innermost in the eye while the photoreceptive cells lie beyond. Because of this counter-intuitive arrangement, light must first pass through and around the ganglion cells and through the thickness of the retina, (including its capillary vessels, not shown) before reaching the rods and cones. Light is absorbed by the retinal pigment epithelium or the choroid (both of which are opaque). The white blood cells in the capillaries in front", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4943131", "chunk_text": "\"Optic nerve\"\nthe absence of photoreceptors in the area of the retina where the optic nerve leaves the eye. Damage to the optic nerve typically causes permanent and potentially severe loss of vision, as well as an abnormal pupillary reflex, which is diagnostically important. The type of visual field loss will depend on which portions of the optic nerve were damaged. In general: Injury to the optic nerve can be the result of congenital or inheritable problems like Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy, glaucoma, trauma, toxicity, inflammation, ischemia, infection (very rarely), or compression from tumors or aneurysms. By far, the three most common", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_211	the grand tour season 2 episode 2 celebrity guests?	n/a	[ "Brian Wilson", "Kevin Pietersen, Brian Wilson", "Abbie Eaton", "Kevin Pietersen" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7589583", "chunk_text": "\"The Grand Tour\"\n16 November 2017 that both \"\"The American\"\" and \"\"Celebrity Brain Crash\"\" would not be returning and will be replaced for the second series as they had been unpopular with the viewers. The segment was replaced by \"\"Celebrity Face Off\"\" in which celebrities compete for the best lap times around a new track in a Jaguar F-Type. Abbie Eaton replaced \"\"The American\"\", being billed as \"\"Driver\"\". Hammond's crash in Switzerland and Clarkson's pneumonia, both of which were talked about between series, are also often used as a joke. Episode 4 of Series 2, Conversation Street was turned into an awards ceremony", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7589611", "chunk_text": "\"The Grand Tour\"\nas many moments when The Grand Tour manages the clever trick Top Gear could pull off at its best: raising a chuckle while sneaking in a bit of serious journalism at the same time.\"\" and ultimately gave the episode 3 out of 5 stars. Jeremy Clarkson himself believed that they had \"\"hit the ground running with series 2 of the Grand Tour\"\". \"\"Radio Times\"\" has criticised the gender balance of guests on the \"\"Celebrity Face Off\"\" segment. There was only one woman guest - in the episode \"\"Oh Canada\"\", (Paris Hilton). Australian free-to-air network Seven Network started broadcasting the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20086486", "chunk_text": "\"The Holy Trinity (The Grand Tour)\"\nMay received for driving a mere 37 MPH. Then the show's new test track, the \"\"Eboladrome\"\" at RAF Wroughton, is revealed, where after a Ferrari 488 is driven, Clarkson test drives a BMW M2, which is then taken around the \"\"Eboladrome\"\" by their new driver, former NASCAR champion Mike Skinner. Afterward, the \"\"Celebrity Brain Crash\"\" segment is introduced, featuring celebrities who are scheduled to appear on the show, but are all humorously \"\"killed\"\" before being able to take part. Jeremy Renner, Armie Hammer and Carol Vorderman all appear individually during this segment. Returning to Portugal, Belgian race car driver Jérôme", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8584315", "chunk_text": "\"The Grand Tour\"\nwatched premiere episode. Overall, the show has received positive reviews from critics. \"\"The Grand Tour\"\" is presented as a mix of pre-recorded television films and live-audience segments presented in a large tent to an audience of about 300 members. The show and its segments are hosted by Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May. The show is presented from a pair of large tents on a Grand Tour around the world. The presenters sit around a trestle table, with the studio audience seated in front of them. Each show is generally bookended by two television films, or two parts of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16480485", "chunk_text": "\"Abbie Eaton\"\nto Jalopnik of a compromise between the explicitly named \"\"the American\"\" test driver portrayed by Skinner, and being unable to use a completely anonymous driver like on \"\"Top Gear\"\". In April 2018, Eaton was interviewed by Red Bull about her work on \"\"The Grand Tour\"\". Abbie Eaton Abigail \"\"Abbie\"\" Eaton (born 2 January 1992) is a racing driver from the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. She stars as the test driver for the second series of \"\"The Grand Tour\"\". Eaton is a qualified racing instructor, and when not racing, works as a performance driving coach. Eaton lives in Northampton, England,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2123025", "chunk_text": "\"Abbie Eaton\"\nAbbie Eaton Abigail \"\"Abbie\"\" Eaton (born 2 January 1992) is a racing driver from the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. She stars as the test driver for the second series of \"\"The Grand Tour\"\". Eaton is a qualified racing instructor, and when not racing, works as a performance driving coach. Eaton lives in Northampton, England, along with her pets. Her father, Paul Eaton, is also a racing driver. Eaton began motor racing at the age of ten. Eaton set lap records in different racing series. Aged ten years old Eaton started karting in the Comer cadet class, gaining invaluable track", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12065115", "chunk_text": "\"Ryan Blaney\"\na cameo appearance as a delivery boy in the 2017 film \"\"Logan Lucky\"\". Blaney guest-starred in the TV show \"\"Taken\"\" season 2 episode 12 \"\"Imperium\"\", as Special Agent Nathan Wood; the episode aired on April 20, 2018. Blaney is the son and middle child of Lisa and Dave Blaney. He has two sisters: Emma and Erin. Blaney is of Irish descent. He is a close friend of fellow drivers and competitors Darrell Wallace Jr and Chase Elliott, and an avid \"\"Star Wars\"\" fan. Season still in progress<br> Ryan Blaney Ryan Michael Blaney (born December 31, 1993) is an American professional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20072131", "chunk_text": "\"Dinner with Racers\"\nthe country in a Honda Odyssey, significantly increasing their social media sharing and promotion as they visited guests. The second season once again included a great mix of sports car drivers, team owners, and engineers, while also expanding into the world of NASCAR, with guests such as Ricky Stenhouse Jr., Landon Cassill, Kenny Wallace and Marty Smith. A major theme of the series was Bill Riley of Riley Technologies, who was a guest host of the podcast in cardboard form. Bill Riley's performance during the season was considered.. flat. The team also created a music video in his honor. This", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8584320", "chunk_text": "\"The Grand Tour\"\nfor the testing of loud and fast cars. Following complaints regarding the \"\"Celebrity Brain Crash\"\" segment in the first series, this segment was replaced by \"\"Celebrity Face Off\"\". Two celebrities join the show each week, with a similar background or connection and often from different countries, to see which one of the two is faster. The car used for this segment is a Jaguar F-Type R-Dynamic coupe, racing around a half gravel, half asphalt track at Enstone. Prior to showing the lap results, Clarkson interviews the guests. Introduced by Hammond, the trio discuss car news. Running jokes in the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14233008", "chunk_text": "\"George Stroumboulopoulos Tonight\"\nfollowing day. Some of the previous guests have included: Adam Copeland, Sridevi, The Tragically Hip, M.I.A., Eckhart Tolle, Margaret Atwood, Hillary Clinton, Sarah Palin, Wyclef Jean, Chris Jericho, Tom Cruise, Bill Maher, James Cameron, Robert F. Kennedy Jr, Marlee Matlin, Tim Robbins, Jim Parsons, Michael Fassbender, Jason Segel, Spike Lee, Ricky Gervais, Tony Bennett, Greg Kinnear, John Legend, David Byrne, former President of the United States Jimmy Carter, Larry King, LeBron James, Henry Rollins, Evangeline Lilly, former White House Press Secretary Scott McClellan, Alanis Morissette, Malcolm Gladwell, Richard Branson, Howard Zinn, Kings of Leon, Kylie Minogue, Daniel and Henrik Sedin,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18289571", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Baxter (motorcyclist)\"\nand drove a lap of their circuit as the \"\"Star in a Reasonably Priced Car\"\", credited as the \"\"Blind Man\"\". He was guided around the circuit by the slightly nervous host, Jeremy Clarkson, and his official lap time was 2:02 minutes, which is faster than two of the fully sighted contestants (Terry Wogan and Richard Whiteley). Ex-Stig Ben Collins however stated in his autobiography that during practice sessions Baxter completed the lap in a time of 1:58 minutes. For the past few years, Baxter has been involved with various blind charities as a public speaker, educating groups of all ages", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2701578", "chunk_text": "\"Call My Agent!\"\nshaken by the sudden death of its founder, the four agents take us behind the scenes of the wild world of celebrity, where laughter, emotion, transgression and tears constantly rub. They appeared in the TV Series as themselves for one episode. Season 1 (2015)<br>\"\"Episode 1\"\": Cécile de France<br>\"\"Episode 2\"\": Line Renaud & Françoise Fabian<br>\"\"Episode 3\"\": Nathalie Baye, Laura Smet, Gilles Lellouche & Zinedine Soualem<br>\"\"Episode 4\"\": Audrey Fleurot<br>\"\"Episode 5\"\": Julie Gayet, Joeystarr & Zinedine Soualem<br>\"\"Episode 6\"\": François Berléand Season 2 (2017)<br>\"\"Episode 1\"\": Virginie Efira & Ramzy Bedia<br>\"\"Episode 2\"\": Fabrice Luchini & Christophe Lambert<br>\"\"Episode 3\"\": Julien Doré, Norman Thavaud & Aymeline Valade<br>\"\"Episode", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2723877", "chunk_text": "\"Top Gear: Patagonia Special\"\nand others missed the flight due to not hearing the call announcement, that the worker was actually from Spain, and had correctly prevented the group from boarding the flight after it was too late to do so. Top Gear: Patagonia Special Top Gear: Patagonia Special is a full length special that was aired as a two-part episode for the BBC car show \"\"Top Gear\"\"; the first part was aired on 27 December 2014, while the second part was aired a day later on 28 December. The special sees hosts, Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May, using a selection of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "206975", "chunk_text": "\"Space Cases\"\nfront and re-recorded to accommodate the removal of Catalina, the addition of Suzee, and some re-arranging to how the characters were presented. At some point after the series ended, Nickelodeon had the song re-recorded once more, using the same character arrangement as Season Two, but removing Suzee and adding Catalina back in, and created a new opening for the Season One episodes with this song. The series features a multitude of celebrity guest stars throughout its run, including George Takei, Mark Hamill, Bill Mumy, Katey Sagal, Michelle Trachtenberg, Danny Tamberelli and Robin Leach. In the first episode of the series,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10928533", "chunk_text": "\"Kia Picanto\"\ncommercials featuring actors Shim Eun-kyung, Park Jung-min, and Jin Kyung. For the international release of the Picanto and the fourth generation Kia Rio, Kia Motors produced two music videos featuring Korean-American singer Kate Kim and American musician Lee Radde in May 2017. The Picanto GT Line was featured in Season 2 episode 3 of \"\"The Grand Tour\"\", where co-presenters James May and Richard Hammond drove it on a \"\"lunchtime office car park racing\"\" track at Houghton Hall business park in the Luton/Dunstable Urban Area. The third generation Kia Picanto was met with positive reviews in Europe and Australia. \"\"Top Gear\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17505186", "chunk_text": "\"The Holy Trinity (The Grand Tour)\"\nThe Holy Trinity (The Grand Tour) \"\"The Holy Trinity\"\" is the first episode of British motoring series \"\"The Grand Tour\"\". It was made available exclusively through the Amazon Video streaming service, first on 17 November 2016 at 23:00 GMT. Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May, who previously presented as a trio on BBC Two motoring programme \"\"Top Gear\"\", present the show. Production of the episode was handled by W. Chump and Sons, with executive production done by Andy Wilman, who previously served as the executive producer of \"\"Top Gear\"\". Prior to filming, Clarkson's contract was not renewed by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7589612", "chunk_text": "\"The Grand Tour\"\nseries of \"\"The Grand Tour\"\" in mid-October 2017. French channel RMC Découverte started broadcasting the first series with the Namibian special episodes on 29 November 2017 and L'Équipe (TV channel) broadcast episodes 1 and 13 on 15 January 2018. At the start of 2018 high-speed Eurostar train services between Paris or Brussels and London began to feature \"\"The Grand Tour\"\" as part of the available on board entertainment package. The Grand Tour The Grand Tour is a British motoring television series for Amazon Video, presented by Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May, and produced by Andy Wilman. The four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8584318", "chunk_text": "\"The Grand Tour\"\nby former NASCAR driver Mike Skinner, known as \"\"The American\"\"; Amazon had requested that their test driver be American, according to the hosts. \"\"The American\"\" was portrayed with a stereotypical redneck accent and viewpoints, and prone to tangential speech and calling several things communist. Due to poor reception, for series two Skinner was replaced by British racing driver Abbie Eaton. Prior to the airing of the first episode the lap-board had been pre-populated with ten lap-times by a selection of cars. The laps themselves were not shown, only their lap-times. The first car to be shown, with an on-screen lap-time,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1526732", "chunk_text": "\"Cars 2\"\nsimilar in their protectable elements as a matter of law\"\". In November 2010, Owen Wilson, Larry the Cable Guy, Michael Caine, Emily Mortimer, Jason Isaacs, Joe Mantegna, Peter Jacobson, Bonnie Hunt, Tony Shalhoub, Cheech Marin, and Thomas Kretschmann were confirmed as the voice talent featured in the film. From November 2010 until May 2011, Disney released information about the other voice talent, including Jenifer Lewis, Katherine Helmond, Michael Wallis, Darrell Waltrip, Franco Nero, Vanessa Redgrave, Bruce Campbell, Sig Hansen, Michel Michelis, Jeff Gordon, Lewis Hamilton, Brent Musburger, David Hobbs, John Turturro, and Eddie Izzard. The \"\"Cars 2\"\" soundtrack was released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3759220", "chunk_text": "\"Merrick and Rosso\"\nand FunnyorDie was 'The Almost Transformers' which featured the stars disguised as a fridge and a washing machine for the purpose of terrifying shoppers. Another stunt included adopting an entire village in PNG (a popular trend amongst Hollywood celebrities) and renaming it Merrick & Rosso Land, distributing T-shirts bearing slogans such as \"\"Sorry Madonna, I'm Taken\"\", \"\"Angelina Rejected Me\"\" and \"\"Property of Merrick And Rosso\"\". Guests for the second series included Will Ferrell, The Wiggles, Ed Phillips, Tommy Williams, Magda Szubanski, Bob Evans, Eskimo Joe, David Wenham, Asher Keddie, Charlotte Dawson and Alex Perry, Antonia Kidman and cricketer Stuart MacGill.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16519332", "chunk_text": "\"Wimbledon Garden Party (TV Show)\"\nTwo - Thursday 27 June Guests - Wayne Hemingway, Donna Symmonds, Mike Read, Jilly Johnson Show Three - Wednesday 28 June Guests - Jamie Theakston, Steve Wilson, Craig Doyle. Show Four - Thursday 29 June Guests - Dean Gaffney, David Hempleman-Adams, Matt Dawson Show Five - Friday 30 June Guests - Ian Hislop, Mark Little, Phil Cornwell, Helen Young. Show Six - Saturday 1 July Guests - Kevin Day, Clare Balding, Polly Graham, Christopher Price, Mis-Teeq Show Seven - Monday 3 July Guests - Jo Whiley, Angus Deayton, Anneka Rice Show Eight - Tuesday 4 July Guests - Angela Griffin,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13683566", "chunk_text": "\"Carpool Karaoke: The Series\"\nepisode of season two would reportedly feature cast members from \"\"\"\" including Sonequa Martin-Green, Mary Wiseman, Anthony Rapp, and Doug Jones. On October 9, 2018, it was announced that season two would premiere on October 12, 2018. Episodes were set to feature guest stars including Jason Sudeikis with The Muppets, The Lonely Island with \"\"Weird Al\"\" Yankovic, Snoop Dogg with Matthew McConaughey, Rashida Jones with her father Quincy Jones, Tyra Banks, and Jamie Foxx with his daughter Corinne Foxx. It was further announced that beginning with season two, the series was expected to move to the Apple TV app with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16607859", "chunk_text": "\"SMAP×SMAP\"\nNiro, Tom Hanks, Hugh Jackman, Richard Gere, Harrison Ford, Nicolas Cage, Arnold Schwarzenegger, Denzel Washington, Whoopi Goldberg, Cameron Diaz, Paris Hilton, Jane Birkin, Amanda Seyfried, Miranda Kerr, Steven Spielberg, Quentin Tarantino, David Beckham, Neymar, Usain Bolt, Mikhail Gorbachev, etc. The second segment varies every week and lasts from 15 to 25 minutes. The band members usually participate in sketch comedies and games. Sketch comedies include both originals and parodies of popular films and television series. International guests include: Madonna, Janet Jackson, Destiny's Child, Cameron Diaz, Sarah Jessica Parker, Will Smith, Jaden Smith, Ashton Kutcher, Tom Cruise, etc. A musical segment,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8584313", "chunk_text": "\"The Grand Tour\"\nThe Grand Tour The Grand Tour is a British motoring television series for Amazon Video, presented by Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May, and produced by Andy Wilman. The four agreed to produce the series following their departures from the BBC series \"\"Top Gear\"\" with an initial agreement of 36 episodes over three years. Episodes are released weekly to those with Amazon Prime Video accounts, repeats of the first series began airing on traditional broadcasters in late 2017. the show was made available to an additional 195 countries and various territories. Studio audience segments for the first series were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11658135", "chunk_text": "\"Jessie Ware\"\nmother called “Table Manners” for Acast and Island Records about “family, food and the art of a good old chit-chat”. Each week there will be a new guest on the show, the first episode became available from 8 November 2017 and featured British singer-songwriter and friend Sam Smith as the guest. The second series started on 14 February 2018 and featured Ed Sheeran as the guest. The third series started on the May 30, 2018, and featured Randy Jackson. Other notable guests include Daniel Kaluuya, Paloma Faith, George Ezra and Annie Mac. Ware is a UNICEF UK ambassador and travelled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11445094", "chunk_text": "\"Top Gear test track\"\nfastest time. The guest does not learn their time until the interview. Practice laps, crashes and the drivers' facial expressions are also shown during the segment. The two slowest laps on the Liana celebrity list are held by Terry Wogan and Richard Whiteley, both of whom were beaten by Billy Baxter, a blind Bosnian war veteran. He guided the Liana through the track under direction from Clarkson in the passenger seat in a time of 2 minutes 2 seconds, which was 1.4 seconds quicker than Terry Wogan, and 4 seconds faster than Richard Whiteley. The fastest non-professional driver was Ellen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3108983", "chunk_text": "\"The Holy Trinity (The Grand Tour)\"\nare sure to please fans of \"\"Top Gear\"\" due to the similarities between the two. The Holy Trinity (The Grand Tour) \"\"The Holy Trinity\"\" is the first episode of British motoring series \"\"The Grand Tour\"\". It was made available exclusively through the Amazon Video streaming service, first on 17 November 2016 at 23:00 GMT. Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May, who previously presented as a trio on BBC Two motoring programme \"\"Top Gear\"\", present the show. Production of the episode was handled by W. Chump and Sons, with executive production done by Andy Wilman, who previously served as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6246725", "chunk_text": "Sommarkrysset\nShawn Hook (Canada), Måns Zelmerlöw, Alcazar, Joshua Radin] (USA) a.o. Returning guests during the season: Samir & Viktor, Bianca Wahlgren Ingrosso and Ellen Bergström. Host: Gry Forssell 10 June: Magnus Uggla, Nano, KSMB, Kamferdrops (Norway), Charlotte Perrelli 17 June: Marcus & Martinus (Norway), Rhys, Rebecca & Fiona with Dolores Haze, Niello feat. Robin Stjernberg, Martin Stenmarck 24 June: Margaret (Poland), Tjuvjakt, Tommy Nilsson, Tone Norum, Anton Ewald, The Music of Motown musical (feat. Gladys del Pilar, Jessica Folcker, Blossom Tainton) 8 July: Rita Ora (England), The Rasmus (Finland/USA), Eric Gadd, Mariette, Thomas Stenström 15 July: Starley (Australia), Jens Lekman, Linda", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9525594", "chunk_text": "\"Top Gear (series 2)\"\nTop Gear (series 2) The second series of the relaunched motoring show \"\"Top Gear\"\" was aired in 2003 and consisted of 10 episodes, beginning on 11 May and concluding on 20 July. The series was subsequently followed the week after it ended, with a \"\"Best Of Top Gear\"\" episode on 27 July, which charted the best moments from Series 1 and 2. It was the first series to feature James May as part of the hosting line-up, after motoring enthusiast Jason Dawe was axed following the previous series. Both Jeremy Clarkson and Richard Hammond remained as part of the hosting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16091614", "chunk_text": "\"Richard Hammond\"\nRichard Hammond Richard Mark Hammond (born 19 December 1969) is an English presenter, writer, and journalist, best known for co-hosting the BBC Two car programme \"\"Top Gear\"\" from 2002 until 2015 with Jeremy Clarkson and James May. He has also presented \"\"\"\" (2003–2008), \"\"Total Wipeout\"\" (2009–2012) and \"\"Planet Earth Live\"\" (2012). In 2016, Hammond began presenting \"\"The Grand Tour\"\" television series, produced by W. Chump & Sons. The show is co-presented with his former \"\"Top Gear\"\" co-hosts, Clarkson and May, as an exclusive distributed via Amazon Video to Amazon Prime customers. In November 2016 Hammond, alongside the co-presenters of \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11280176", "chunk_text": "\"We Love You, Conrad\"\nreturned as Jillian, and Lauren Conrad and Audrina Patridge guest starred as themselves. In her second guest appearance on the series, Conrad played a smart version of herself, which she proclaimed as being fun to play. She took the recording sessions seriously and did not do any improvisation with her lines. The show's staff was ultimately impressed with her performance, and series creator Seth MacFarlane praised her stamina and how prepared she was before the recording sessions. The episode also featured live-action sequences with talk show hosts Jay Leno, Craig Ferguson and Jimmy Fallon. \"\"We Love You, Conrad\"\" was met", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14560396", "chunk_text": "\"Family Guy Viewer Mail 2\"\nepisode was written by Tom Devanney, Alec Sulkin and Deepak Sethi and directed by Greg Colton. It received mixed reviews for its storyline and cultural references, the more positive reviews going to the \"\"Chap of the Manor\"\" and \"\"Point of Stew\"\" segments, and the more negative reviews going to the \"\"Fatman and Robin\"\" segment. This episode features guest performances from Cate Blanchett, Max Burkholder, John Finnemore, Colin Ford, Ioan Gruffudd, Tom Hollander, Rachael MacFarlane, Chris O'Dowd, Jeff Ross, and Joshua Rush, along with several recurring guest performers for the series. The episode was dedicated to musician Warren Luening. Just like", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "402590", "chunk_text": "\"My Next Guest Needs No Introduction with David Letterman\"\nconducting a long-form conversation with a single guest and in-the-field segments, in which he would explore topics on his own. On January 5, 2018, it was announced that Letterman's guests in the first season would include Barack Obama, George Clooney, Malala Yousafzai, Jay-Z, Tina Fey, and Howard Stern. It was also announced that the series would premiere on January 12, 2018 with Letterman's interview with Obama. This interview was Obama's first since leaving office. On December 14, 2018, it was announced that Netflix had renewed the series for a second season consisting of six episodes. The show's theme song and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16700128", "chunk_text": "Headcases\nsimilar footballers Steven Gerrard and Frank Lampard, whose attempts to work together for England are portrayed as Laurel and Hardy style slapstick comedy; angry, loud mouthed Jeremy Clarkson making ill informed judgements; Richard Hammond who was left drowning when global warming hit the 2050 episode of \"\"Top Gear\"\"; sleepy, drunk and drug addled Pete Doherty and Amy Winehouse; complainers Bono and Bob Geldof; coin operated Jonathan Ross; bachelor George Clooney; Sebastian Coe presenting updates for the 2012 Olympics; Mohamed Al-Fayed and his conspiracy theories involving Fiat Unos; alien Tom Cruise and his robot wife Katie, and common chavs Helen Mirren", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10344716", "chunk_text": "\"Peschardt's People\"\nGarimara, Indian writer Shobhaa De, gold prospector Cranston Edward, Thai businessman Sompan Charumilinda, plastic surgeon Fiona Wood, Indian businessman Vijay Mallya, Thai businesswoman Pannin Kitiparaporn, and Australian professional basketball player Luc Longley. A second series began on 7 April 2007, with interviews of mountaineer Edmund Hillary, businessman N. R. Narayana Murthy, actor Naseeruddin Shah, actress Shabana Azmi, and actor Amitabh Bachchan. In 2009, a new series included interviews with surgeon Chris O'Brien, designer Kim Young Se, politician Georgina Beyer, filmmaker Niki Caro, athlete Sun Ji Hai, writer Lijia Zhang, fashion designer Suzie Moncrieff, and golfer Greg Norman. Other interviews have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4158847", "chunk_text": "\"Indianapolis (Parks and Recreation)\"\nafter the second season ended as part of an early shooting schedule needed to accommodate actress Amy Poehler's pregnancy. The episodes were ultimately held for several months due to a scheduling hiatus. It was originally intended to be the last episode featuring guest star Rob Lowe, but he became a permanent cast member after it was filmed. The episode features a guest appearance by actor Jason Mantzoukas as fragrance maker Dennis Feinstein. According to Nielsen Media Research, \"\"Indianapolis\"\" was seen by 4.59 million household viewers, an increase in viewership from the previous week's episode, \"\"Media Blitz\"\". The episode received generally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14214860", "chunk_text": "\"Ricky Gervais\"\nKate Winslet and Francesca Martinez. A second series began on 14 September 2006 in the UK and featured appearances by Daniel Radcliffe, Dame Diana Rigg, Orlando Bloom, Sir Ian McKellen, Chris Martin, Keith Chegwin, Robert Lindsay, Warwick Davis, Ronnie Corbett, Stephen Fry, Richard Briers, Patricia Potter, Sophia Myles, Moira Stuart, David Bowie, Kate Winslet, Robert De Niro and Jonathan Ross. A Christmas special of \"\"Extras\"\" aired on 27 December 2007 in the UK and on 16 December 2007 in the US, featuring guest appearances by George Michael, Clive Owen, Gordon Ramsay, Jonathan Ross and David Tennant. Gervais was influenced by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8942750", "chunk_text": "\"Har Mar Superstar\"\n& \"\"Let's Create a Show.\"\" Guests have included Ellen Page, Macaulay Culkin, Alia Shawkat, Adam Green, Flea, Father John Misty, Jon C. Daly, MNDR, Gavin McInnes, Patrick Carney, Jake Fogelnest, Wyatt Cenac, David Yow, Mae Whitman, Jenny Eliscu, Jonah Ray, P.O.S, Channy Leaneagh, Randy and Jason Sklar, Jena Friedman, Jesse Pearson, Ted Leo, Matty McLoughlin, Matt Sweeney, Jenn Robinson, Jared Swilley, Bridey Elliott, Jesse Pearson, Paul Sprangers, Aaron Pfenning, Steve Agee, Harris Wittels, Cedric Bixler-Zavala, Dave Hill, Caveman, Tanlines, Doug Benson, Matt Mira, Simon O'Connor, Jack Dishel, Colin Hanks, James Levy, Ryan Jarman, Albert Hammond, Jr., and Julian Casablancas. \"\"Nocturnal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8128622", "chunk_text": "\"Star Trek: The Next Generation (season 2)\"\ncredited for the role as transporter chief B.G. Robinson after the majority of her scenes were cut from the final episode, resulting in her requesting that the credit be removed. That episode also featured a guest appearance by Billy Campbell, who had been the second choice in the original casting for Commander William Riker. He gained the role in the episode after contacting casting agent Junie Lowry and asking to be in an episode. Musician Mick Fleetwood made a cameo as an Antedean ambassador in the episode \"\"Manhunt\"\", although he did not have any lines. Robert O'Reilly, who appeared in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20709103", "chunk_text": "\"Først & sist\"\na new version of the show. Now in two countries, and under the name \"\"Skavlan\"\", which had been a common shorthand name for \"\"Først & sist\"\". Notable guests included Hans Blix, Pelé, Paulo Coelho, Liv Ullmann, Ronan Keating, Donald Trump, Robbie Williams, Leona Naess, Joe Cocker, Solomon Burke, Nicole Kidman, Desmond Tutu, Meat Loaf, Anastacia, the Pet Shop Boys, Marianne Faithfull, Jan Guillou, Isabella Rossellini, Kevin Warwick, Carola Häggkvist, Isabel Allende and Wyclef Jean, Barry Farber, Melanie Chisholm, Mika, Al Gore, Cary Fowler, Will Smith, Jada Smith. Først & sist Først & sist (\"\"First and Last\"\") was a Norwegian talk", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19559203", "chunk_text": "\"Kia Stinger\"\nin Season 2 episode 3 of \"\"The Grand Tour\"\", where co-presenter James May raced it against two longboard riders on a mountain road in Majorca, with the car going uphill and the skateboarders going downhill. On February 4, 2018, Kia released two Stinger commercials during Super Bowl LII. The first commercial features racing legend Emerson Fittipaldi. The second features Aerosmith lead vocalist Steven Tyler driving the car on an oval track in reverse until he becomes 40 years younger. Euro NCAP test results for a LHD, 2.2 liter CRDi GT-Line 5-door fastback variant on a 2017 registration: In 2018, Queensland", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3105079", "chunk_text": "\"Saturday Zoo\"\nand Patrick Marber. The music director and keyboard player was Janette Mason, who also wrote the show's theme tune. The series had a number of high-profile guests, including supermodel Naomi Campbell who appeared on the first episode. Other guests included Kylie Minogue, Danny DeVito, Christopher Walken and Jean-Claude Van Damme. Penn & Teller also performed, making their first live appearance on a UK television programme. Musical guests included former Dexys Midnight Runners frontman Kevin Rowland, Del Amitri, Suzanne Vega, Stereo MCs and P.M. Dawn, and k.d. lang performed her recent hit single, \"\"Constant Craving\"\". The show featured the first appearance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7589600", "chunk_text": "\"The Grand Tour\"\nused for recording the audience reaction laugh track within the tent. The mobile studio audio setup used Lawo mixing desks connected via MADI for live sound mixing, recording and talkback intercoms. For the second series, following Clarkson's pneumonia and Hammond's car crash, the producers decided that there would no longer be a travelling tent. Instead the tent would be in one location near Clarkson's home in the Cotswolds as this would be more convenient for the crew to operate. It also would be useful for new features such as Celebrity Face Off. In September 2017, West Oxfordshire District Council gave", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16474084", "chunk_text": "\"Top Gear France\"\nconference the production of a French version, which started broadcasting on 18 March 2015. Filming began at the end of 2014 and 27 January 2015 on the runways on the Brienne-le-Château airfield, located near Troyes. 200 candidates were suggested for the cast, including Christophe Dechavanne, Vincent Cerutti, Stéphane De Groodt, Vincent Perrot, and Stéphane Rotenberg. On 7 November 2014 the trio of presenters were announced. They are the actor (and former journalist) Philippe Lellouche, professional driver Bruce Jouanny, and electronic music artist and journalist Yann Larret-Menezo, former editor of the magazine \"\"Intersection\"\". This second season of Top Gear France contains", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1950893", "chunk_text": "\"Planes, Trains and Cars\"\nBurrell) wants to buy a new car and he takes his friend Andre (Kevin Hart) with him who convinces him to buy a two-seat convertible instead of his regular Cadillac. Despite his fear of Claire's (Julie Bowen) reaction, he decides to do it anyway. Phil gets back home in his new car. Luke (Nolan Gould) is excited seeing it but he asks if mom would be OK with it, so does Alex (Ariel Winter). Haley (Sarah Hyland) is also excited seeing the car because she believes her dad bought if for her since he is too old for that car.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2723854", "chunk_text": "\"Top Gear: Patagonia Special\"\nTop Gear: Patagonia Special Top Gear: Patagonia Special is a full length special that was aired as a two-part episode for the BBC car show \"\"Top Gear\"\"; the first part was aired on 27 December 2014, while the second part was aired a day later on 28 December. The special sees hosts, Jeremy Clarkson, Richard Hammond, and James May, using a selection of cars with V8 engines to celebrate the 60th anniversary of the small-block V8 engine, on a journey across Chile and Argentina, starting from Bariloche and ending on the outskirts of Ushuaia, and includes the famous scene involving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7589604", "chunk_text": "\"The Grand Tour\"\nin the opening sequence of episode 5, the tent was located in Rotterdam, and the DHL logo is featured on part of the crash barrier at the Eboladrome. During filming for some episodes in the second series of the show, the production team suffered major technical issues with the tent lighting, which threatened to derail filming. Nonetheless, all episodes were released on the correct dates, with all delays having been averted. the show has received positive reviews from critics, with \"\"The Guardian\"\" saying \"\"Jeremy Clarkson and co leave the BBC in their dust\"\". \"\"Daily Express\"\" TV reporter, Neela Debnath commented", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4951771", "chunk_text": "\"Robot Chicken (season 2)\"\nJob finds his specialized skills aren't in high demand with G.I. Joe, Mario and Luigi stumble into the violent world of \"\"Grand Theft Auto\"\", Stretch Armstrong needs a corn syrup transplant, and the cast of \"\"Sesame Street\"\" deals with a viral outbreak when Big Bird catches the bird flu. Many celebrities have guest starred in \"\"Robot Chicken\"\" season two they include, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Mila Kunis, Rachael Leigh Cook, Christian Slater, Corey Feldman, Macaulay Culkin, Jimmy Kimmel, Emma Caulfield, Michelle Trachtenberg, \"\"Weird Al\"\" Yankovic, Paul Rudd, Jamie Kaler, Corey Haim, Phyllis Diller, Ginnifer Goodwin, Abraham Benrubi, Bruce Campbell, Hal Sparks,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14702899", "chunk_text": "\"No Meals on Wheels\"\nentitled \"\"Family Guy\"\" Live. In addition to the regular cast, voice actor Barclay DeVeau, voice actor Keith Ferguson, singer Arnold McCuller and actor Patrick Stewart guest starred in the episode. Recurring guest voice actors Lori Alan, Johnny Brennan, writer Steve Callaghan, voice actor Chris Cox, writer Danny Smith, writer Alec Sulkin and writer John Viener also made minor appearances. The episode opens with the Griffin family watching an episode of \"\"America's Next Top Model\"\". The show's host, Tyra Banks, is also shown, becoming furious at a contestant, and a giant iguana emerges from her mouth. After Mort attempts to borrow", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2427152", "chunk_text": "\"Talking with Chris Hardwick\"\nHardwick's own The Nerdist Podcast following its broadcast airing. The series premiered on AMC on April 9, 2017, at 11:00 pm (Eastern) where it mostly airs in between seasons of \"\"The Walking Dead\"\" and \"\"Fear the Walking Dead\"\". The eight-episode second season was set to premiere on June 17, 2018. The initial lineup of guests set to appear were Chris Pratt, Bill Hader, Karen Gillan, Donald Glover, Ethan Hawke, Amy Adams, and Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg with Glover appearing in the season premiere. However, AMC pulled the show a day prior to the airing in light of allegations made", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_212	who was toot toot in the green mile?	n/a	[ "A trustee" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20607364", "chunk_text": "\"Doug Hutchison\"\nDoug Hutchison Doug Anthony Hutchison (born May 26, 1960) is an American character actor, known for playing disturbing and antagonistic characters. Such characters include Obie Jameson in the 1988 film \"\"The Chocolate War\"\", Sproles in the 1988 film \"\"Fresh Horses\"\", the sadistic corrections officer Percy Wetmore in the 1999 film adaptation of Stephen King's \"\"The Green Mile\"\", Eugene Victor Tooms on the series \"\"The X-Files\"\", and Horace Goodspeed in \"\"Lost\"\". He has a production company, Dark Water Inc. In 2011, at the age of 51, he received widespread criticism when he married 16-year-old singer Courtney Stodden. Hutchison was born in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1981681", "chunk_text": "\"Toots (film)\"\nfondly as a lover of New York, at a moment when the city was awash in wealth and celebrity as never before, and that the city's sizzle was once embodied by a sports bar in Midtown: a place of glamour and egalitarianism, where Joe DiMaggio and Frank Sinatra and Ernest Hemingway rubbed elbows with working stiffs. After deciding to pursue the project, she sent a fax to Walter Cronkite requesting an interview. Two days later Jacobson got a message: \"\"Kristi, it's Walter Cronkite. I knew and loved Toots. What can I do to help you?\"\" Soon more friends and admirers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20947989", "chunk_text": "Tootsie\nTootsie Tootsie is a 1982 American comedy film directed by Sydney Pollack and starring Dustin Hoffman, with a supporting cast that includes Bill Murray, Jessica Lange, Teri Garr, Dabney Coleman, Charles Durning, Geena Davis, Doris Belack and Pollack. The film tells the story of a talented but volatile actor whose reputation for being difficult forces him to adopt a new identity as a woman in order to land a job. The film was adapted by Larry Gelbart, Barry Levinson (uncredited), Elaine May (uncredited), and Murray Schisgal from a story by Gelbart and Don McGuire. The film was a major critical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6434374", "chunk_text": "\"Toots (film)\"\nof Shor were sitting in front of Jacobson's camera, recounting tales of boozy bonhomie: journalists (Gay Talese), broadcasters (Mike Wallace), athletes (Whitey Ford, Joe Garagiola). Tom Brokaw signed on as a consulting producer. It turned out that the most difficult interviewee to nail down was her own mother, Kerry Jacobson, one of Shor's four children with his wife, the former Ziegfeld Follies dancer Marion Shor, known as Baby. In fact, her daughter's was the first interview Kerry Jacobson ever consented to oblige. \"\"[Toots'] children were raised to keep their lives private, not to brag. It just wasn't [my mother's] instinct", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6548911", "chunk_text": "\"The Green Mile (film)\"\nThe Green Mile (film) The Green Mile is a 1999 American fantasy crime drama film written and directed by Frank Darabont and adapted from Stephen King’s 1996 novel of the same name. The film stars Tom Hanks as Paul Edgecomb and Michael Clarke Duncan as John Coffey, with supporting roles by David Morse, Bonnie Hunt, and James Cromwell. The film also features Dabbs Greer in his final film, as the older Paul Edgecomb. The film, told in a flashback format, tells the story of Paul's life as a death row corrections officer during the U.S. Great Depression, and the supernatural", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8329446", "chunk_text": "\"Willy Switkes\"\nWilly Switkes William B. \"\"Willy\"\" Switkes (November 12, 1929 – March 7, 2013) was an American character actor who appeared in more than eighty films throughout his career. He appeared in a notable scene as a passenger in a taxi cab with Dustin Hoffman in the 1982 comedic film, \"\"Tootsie\"\". In the scene, Switkes was thrown from the taxi when his character attempted to cut in front of Hoffman's. He was born in Washington D.C. in 1929. He moved to New York City in 1955, where he resided for most of his life, to pursue acting. Switkes film credits also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8329448", "chunk_text": "\"Willy Switkes\"\nThousand Clowns\"\", \"\"The Cherry Orchard\"\", \"\"Saint Joan of the Stockyards\"\", \"\"Sly Fox\"\", and \"\"What the Butler Saw\"\". Willy Switkes died from colon cancer at Montgomery Hospice Casey House in Rockville, Maryland, on March 7, 2013, at the age 83. Willy Switkes William B. \"\"Willy\"\" Switkes (November 12, 1929 – March 7, 2013) was an American character actor who appeared in more than eighty films throughout his career. He appeared in a notable scene as a passenger in a taxi cab with Dustin Hoffman in the 1982 comedic film, \"\"Tootsie\"\". In the scene, Switkes was thrown from the taxi when his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6548919", "chunk_text": "\"The Green Mile (film)\"\nand will also outlive Elaine. Paul later attends her funeral and muses that if John's power could make a normally short-lived mouse live for six decades as Mr. Jingles has, how much longer does he himself have left. The Detterick family, which John Coffey was wrongly convicted of victimizing, is played by William Sadler and Paula Malcomson as the parents, with young sisters Evanne and Bailey Drucker playing their murdered daughters. Darabont adapted the novel into a screenplay in under eight weeks. The film was shot at Warner Hollywood Studios, West Hollywood, California, and on location in Shelbyville, Tennessee and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16828008", "chunk_text": "\"The Green Mile (film)\"\n\"\"Green Mile\"\". In 1935, Paul supervises officers Brutus Howell, Dean Stanton, Harry Terwilliger, and Percy Wetmore at Cold Mountain Penitentiary. Paul is suffering from a severe bladder infection and receives John Coffey, a physically imposing but mentally challenged and gentle black man, into his custody. John had been sentenced to death after being convicted of raping and murdering two white girls. One of the other inmates is a Native-American named Arlen Bitterbuck, who is charged with murder and is the first to be executed. Percy demonstrates a severe sadistic streak, but, as the nephew of Louisiana's First Lady, he cannot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "293394", "chunk_text": "\"Annie Potts\"\nAnnie Potts Anne Hampton Potts (born October 28, 1952) is an American actress. She was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for \"\"Corvette Summer\"\" (1978) and won a Genie Award for \"\"Heartaches\"\" (1981), before appearing in \"\"Ghostbusters\"\" (1984), \"\"Pretty in Pink\"\" (1986), \"\"Jumpin' Jack Flash\"\" (1986), \"\"Who's Harry Crumb?\"\" (1989), and \"\"Ghostbusters II\"\" (1989). She also voiced Bo Peep in the Disney and Pixar animated films \"\"Toy Story\"\" (1995) and \"\"Toy Story 2\"\" (1999), and is set to reprise her role in \"\"Toy Story 4\"\" (2019). Potts is also known for playing Mary Jo Jackson Shively on the CBS sitcom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12341710", "chunk_text": "\"Splendor in the Grass\"\nabortion. Being so disappointed in their daughter, Bud's parents \"\"pin all their hopes\"\" on Bud, pressuring him to attend Yale University. The emotional pressure is too much for Bud, who suffers a physical breakdown and nearly dies from pneumonia. Bud knows one of the girls in high school, Juanita (Jan Norris), who is willing to become sexually involved with him, and he has a liaison with her. A short time later, depressed because of Bud's ending their relationship, Deanie models herself after Bud's sister Ginny. At a party she attends with Toots Tuttle (Gary Lockwood), another boy from high school,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6548914", "chunk_text": "\"The Green Mile (film)\"\nbe held to account. He is particularly abusive with inmate Eduard Delacroix (Del); he breaks Del's fingers with his baton, steps on a pet mouse named Mr. Jingles, which Del had adopted, repeatedly calls him by a gay slur, and ultimately sabotages his execution by deliberately failing to soak the sponge used to conduct electricity to Del's head, pretending he \"\"didn't know\"\" it was supposed to be wet; as a result, Del suffers a much more painful and graphic death by literally frying in the chair. John begins to demonstrate supernatural powers; he cures Paul's bladder infection, which also makes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6899130", "chunk_text": "\"Toots (film)\"\nToots (film) Toots is a documentary film which outlines the life of Toots Shor (1903–1977), Manhattan's premier saloonkeeper from the year 1940 to the year 1959. At 18, he relocated from South Philadelphia to New York and became a speakeasy bouncer. In 1940, he opened his restaurant, Toots Shor's at 51 West 51st St., which was frequented by sports heroes, actors, mobsters, cops, politicians, visiting dignitaries, and writers. The film is commentated by Shor's daughter, Frank Gifford, Peter Duchin, former sports writers, and others as the filmmaker mixes still photographs, archive footage, including an appearance on \"\"This Is Your Life,\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3915777", "chunk_text": "\"Toot, Toot, Tootsie (Goo' Bye!)\"\nage and image of the flapper during the Roaring Twenties. 'Toot, Toot, Tootsie' appeared in the films \"\"The Jazz Singer\"\" (1927), \"\"Rose of Washington Square\"\" (1939) and \"\"Remains to Be Seen (film)\"\" (1953). It was also performed in the fifth episode of \"\"The Brady Bunch Hour\"\". Other artists who recorded the song include Bill Murray together with Ed Smalle; Hoosier Hot Shots, Art Mooney, Eddy Howard, Wayne Newton, Brenda Lee and Jack Mudurian. Toot, Toot, Tootsie (Goo' Bye!) Toot, Toot, Tootsie (Goo' Bye!) is a 1922 song with music and lyrics by Gus Kahn, Ernie Erdman and Danny Russo, per", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14095684", "chunk_text": "\"Rooty Toot Toot\"\nRooty Toot Toot Rooty Toot Toot is a 1951 black comedy musical animated short film, directed by John Hubley. It was released by Columbia Pictures and produced by UPA. In 1994 it was voted #41 of the 50 Greatest Cartoons of all time by members of the animation field. It received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film in 1951, but lost out to Tom and Jerry's 6th award-winning cartoon \"\"The Two Mouseketeers\"\". Annette Warren provides the voices of both Frankie and Nelly Bly. Thurl Ravenscroft is the voice of Johnny and Honest John the Crook.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17349306", "chunk_text": "Tootsie\n1981, Sydney Pollack signed on to the film as both director and producer as per the suggestion of Columbia. The idea of having director Sydney Pollack play Hoffman's agent, George Fields, was Hoffman's. Originally the role was written for, and to be played by, Dabney Coleman. Pollack initially resisted the idea, but Hoffman eventually convinced him to take the role; it was Pollack's first acting work in years. Afterwards, Pollack still wanted to keep Coleman on board and cast him as the sexist, arrogant soap opera director Ron Carlisle. To prepare for his role, Hoffman watched the film \"\"La Cage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6548912", "chunk_text": "\"The Green Mile (film)\"\nevents he witnessed. The film received positive reviews from critics, and was nominated for four Academy Awards: Best Picture, Best Supporting Actor for Michael Clarke Duncan, Best Sound, and Best Screenplay Based on Material Previously Produced or Published. In a Louisiana assisted-living home in 1999, Paul Edgecomb begins to cry while watching the film \"\"Top Hat\"\". His companion Elaine becomes concerned, and Paul explains to her that the film reminded him of the events of 1935, which took place during The Great Depression when he was a prison officer, in charge of death row, what they refer to as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10422219", "chunk_text": "\"Toot Sweets\"\nToot Sweets \"\"Toot Sweets\"\" is a song from \"\"Chitty Chitty Bang Bang\"\", the 1968 musical motion picture. In the film it is sung by Dick Van Dyke and Sally Ann Howes. \"\"Toot Sweets\"\" is also featured prominently in the multi-award winning stage musical of the same name which premiered in London at the Palladium in 2002 and on Broadway in 2005 at the newly refurbished Foxwoods Theatre (then the Hilton Theatre). The song was written by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman (also known as the Sherman Brothers). The song title is a play on words, a humorous Anglicisation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20948006", "chunk_text": "Tootsie\nat this point in time it was only distributed in selected international territories such as Germany and Japan. The film was released on Blu-ray and DVD as part of The Criterion Collection on December 16, 2014. Tootsie Tootsie is a 1982 American comedy film directed by Sydney Pollack and starring Dustin Hoffman, with a supporting cast that includes Bill Murray, Jessica Lange, Teri Garr, Dabney Coleman, Charles Durning, Geena Davis, Doris Belack and Pollack. The film tells the story of a talented but volatile actor whose reputation for being difficult forces him to adopt a new identity as a woman", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18437818", "chunk_text": "\"Toots Shor\"\nraised in a home above the family candy store in South Philadelphia. When Shor was 15 years old, his mother was killed by an automobile while she sat on the stoop outside their home. His father committed suicide five years later. Shor attended the Drexel Institute of Technology and the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania before working as a traveling shirt-and-underwear salesman. Shor went to New York City in 1930 and found employment as a bouncer at the Five O'Clock Club, which served as his introduction to celebrities. He later worked at several other nightspots: The Napoleon Club,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17892473", "chunk_text": "\"Lucille Benson\"\ntwo young men (Tom Hanks and Peter Scolari) dress as women to take advantage of the inexpensive rent. She may be the actress seen reciting the Lord's Prayer in the train holdup scene of the \"\"Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid\"\" (1969). However, the actress is uncredited. She did work with the stars of that film in the following year: with Paul Newman in \"\"WUSA\"\" and with Robert Redford in \"\"Little Fauss and Big Halsy\"\". Benson died on February 17, 1984 in a hospital in Scottsboro, Alabama, aged 69, from liver cancer. She was cremated and her remains are buried", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19015703", "chunk_text": "\"Dabney Coleman\"\nforests and helped lead a campaign to educate others on how to care for and protect forests nationwide. Coleman is an avid tennis player, winning celebrity and charity tournaments. He played mainly at the Rivera Country Club as well as in local sanctioned tournaments. Dabney Coleman Dabney Wharton Coleman (born January 3, 1932) is an American actor. Coleman's best known films include \"\"The Towering Inferno\"\" (1974), \"\"9 to 5\"\" (1980), \"\"On Golden Pond\"\" (1981), \"\"Tootsie\"\" (1982), \"\"WarGames\"\" (1983), \"\"Cloak & Dagger\"\" (1984), \"\"The Beverly Hillbillies\"\" (1993), \"\"You've Got Mail\"\" (1998), \"\"\"\" (2001), \"\"Moonlight Mile\"\" (2002), and \"\"Rules Don't Apply\"\" (2016).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7995839", "chunk_text": "\"Big Top Pee-wee\"\nLincoln. One of the fans asks him for his autograph, but his disguise is promptly exposed. They chase after him and he flies off to his ranch. Pee-wee finally awakens from his dream that morning to work on his farm with Vance the pig (Wayne White). Later, he has lunch with his fiancée, school teacher Winnie Johnson (Penelope Ann Miller). Next, he races Vance to a general store owned by Mr. Ryan (Albert Henderson) to order a cheese sandwich. The Sheriff (Kenneth Tobey) warns everyone of a large storm approaching town. After the storm ends, Pee-wee emerges from his storm", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5846895", "chunk_text": "\"Alice Nunn\"\nAlice Nunn Alice Elizabeth Nunn (October 10, 1927 – July 1, 1988) was an American film and theatre actress. She was born in Jacksonville, Florida and died at her apartment in West Hollywood, California. Although she played many roles across her 31-year career, she is primarily remembered for her role as Large Marge, the scary truck driver, in Tim Burton's 1985 film \"\"Pee-wee's Big Adventure\"\", which is number 5 on the IFC list of the 25 scariest moments in non-horror film history. Alice Nunn was born in Jacksonville in 1927. Her parents were N.G. Nunn and Alice Bush. She showed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1408374", "chunk_text": "\"Toots Deville\"\nwealthy Jewish couple from South Carolina; Harriet (née Harrison 1916-1987) and Maurice Berle (1916-2005). She was an only child and her parents later divorced. Her adoptive father's last name was originally \"\"Berlinsky\"\" which he shortened to \"\"Berle\"\". His father was Philip Berlinsky, an immigrant from Poland that started the Berle Apparel Group, which still operates today. Little is known about where her stage name \"\"Toots\"\" came from. Her family moved to Stamford, Connecticut. She attended Dolan Middle School in Stamford, and ran away from home to New York City, and became addicted to drugs. Her parents sent her to therapy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3985732", "chunk_text": "\"Toot Sweets\"\nof the French expression \"\"tout de suite\"\", meaning \"\"at once\"\" or \"\"right away\"\". During World War I British soldiers serving in France, most of whom could not speak French, adopted the phrase as \"\"toot sweet\"\" to mean \"\"hurry up\"\" or \"\"look smart\"\". In the context of the film and stage musical, \"\"Toot Sweets\"\" is about a piece of confectionery (\"\"sweet\"\" being the British term for confectionery) invented by the main character, Caractacus Potts, that has holes in it, making the sweet playable as an edible whistle. Unfortunately for Potts, the toot sweets act like dog whistles, calling all the local", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9242651", "chunk_text": "\"Little Toot\"\nare bottled up in the harbor by a storm, Little Toot must single-handedly rescue the grounded liner...which he does. When Capitol Records produced a record with the Little Toot song, it was the first children's record to hit the 1,000,000 sales mark on \"\"Billboard\"\", according to then-president Alan Livingston. An animated adaptation of \"\"Little Toot and the Loch Ness Monster\"\" was seen in \"\"Shelley Duvall's Bedtime Stories\"\" and was narrated by Rick Moranis. There was also another movie based on \"\"Little Toot\"\" called \"\"The New Adventures of Little Toot\"\". It featured Samuel Vincent as the voice of the title character", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8731108", "chunk_text": "\"Fred Toones\"\nFred Toones Fred \"\"Snowflake\"\" Toones (January 5, 1906 – February 13, 1962) was an African-American actor and comedian. He appeared in over 200 films in his career spanning 23 years. Because of the sheer number of movies in which he appeared, Toones is one of the most prolific character faces in B-Westerns and cliffhangers. He appeared in over 200 films between 1928 and 1951; and between 1936 and 1947, Toones worked under contract for Republic Pictures, appearing in about 40 of its films. His standard characterization was that of a middle-aged \"\"colored\"\" man with a high-pitched voice and childlike demeanor.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13752231", "chunk_text": "\"Pat McCormick (actor)\"\nPat McCormick (actor) Pat McCormick (June 30, 1927 – July 29, 2005) was an American actor and comedy writer known for playing Big Enos Burdette in \"\"Smokey and the Bandit\"\" and its two sequels. He wrote for a number of performers such as Red Skelton, Phyllis Diller and Johnny Carson as well as for shows including \"\"Get Smart\"\". McCormick had a distinctive appearance being six feet, seven inches tall, weighing 250 pounds and having a walrus mustache. McCormick was born in Lakewood, Ohio, and was a 1945 graduate of Rocky River High School. McCormick was a high school athlete and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16982689", "chunk_text": "\"Virgil Frye\"\nVirgil Frye Virgil Charles Frye (August 21, 1930 – May 7, 2012) was an American actor and former Golden Gloves boxing champion. He grew up in Estherville, Iowa. He had two children, Sean Frye (\"\"E.T. The Extra Terrestrial\"\") and Soleil Moon Frye (\"\"Punky Brewster\"\"), and was the father-in-law of Jason Goldberg. Frye made an uncredited appearance in the 1969 film \"\"Easy Rider\"\" while working as a makeup artist. His credited films included roles in \"\"Nightmare in Wax\"\" (1969), \"\"The Jesus Trip\"\" (1971), \"\"Garden of the Dead\"\" (1972), \"\"Deadhead Miles\"\" (1973), \"\"The Cat Creature\"\" (1973), \"\"The Klansman\"\" (1974), \"\"Bobbie Jo and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15758129", "chunk_text": "\"Hollywood Steps Out\"\nLorre cryptically states, \"\"I haven't seen such a beautiful bubble since I was a child,\"\" possibly in reference to his breakthrough film role as a child murderer in \"\"M\"\". Henry Fonda is enjoying the act until he is pulled away by Alice Aldrich of \"\"The Aldrich Family\"\" saying \"\"Hen-\"\"reeeeee\"\"!\"\" J. Edgar Hoover then says \"\"Gee!\"\" several times as a pun on his position as a G-man. Boris Karloff, Arthur Treacher, Buster Keaton, and Mischa Auer watch the action in their typical deadpan manner until Ned Sparks, another famous movie \"\"grouch,\"\" asks them if they are having a good time; they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20421202", "chunk_text": "\"Harold Wertz\"\nHarold Wertz Harold Wertz (August 3, 1927 – November 21, 1999) was an American child actor. Wertz was born in Denison, Texas, and raised in Long Beach, California. He attended Woodrow Wilson High School in Long Beach. After seeing a notice in the local newspaper, his mother entered him in a contest to replace the Hal Roach produced Our Gang comedies fat boy character Joe Cobb who had outgrown the role. He won the role over 500 other entries. He played the character \"\"Bouncy \"\" in three \"\"Our Gang\"\" films in 1932. He was in the \"\"Our Gang\"\" films \"\"Choo-Choo!\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17349305", "chunk_text": "Tootsie\nrenamed \"\"Tootsie.\"\" Before Hoffman officially got involved, his role was previously offered to Peter Sellers and Michael Caine. The film remained in development for an additional year as producers waited on a revised script. As pre-production began, the film ran into additional delays when Richards left the role of director due to \"\"creative differences\"\". He assumed the role of producer instead, being replaced as director by Hal Ashby. Ashby was subsequently forced to leave the project by Columbia Pictures because of the threat of legal action if his post-production commitments on \"\"Lookin' to Get Out\"\" were not fulfilled. In November", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19797314", "chunk_text": "\"Danny DeVito\"\nDanny DeVito Daniel Michael DeVito Jr. (born November 17, 1944) is an American actor and filmmaker. He gained prominence for his portrayal of the taxi dispatcher Louie De Palma in the television series \"\"Taxi\"\" (1978–1983), which won him a Golden Globe Award and an Emmy Award. A major film star, he is known for his roles in \"\"Tin Men\"\", \"\"Throw Momma from the Train\"\", \"\"One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest\"\", \"\"Ruthless People\"\", \"\"Man on the Moon\"\", \"\"Terms of Endearment\"\", \"\"Romancing the Stone\"\", \"\"Twins\"\", \"\"Batman Returns\"\", \"\"Look Who's Talking Now\"\", \"\"Big Fish\"\", \"\"Other People's Money\"\", \"\"Get Shorty\"\", \"\"Be Cool\"\" and \"\"L.A.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6548924", "chunk_text": "\"The Green Mile (film)\"\nAwards 2000 Motion Picture Sound Editors (Golden Reel Awards) 2000 People's Choice Awards 2001 Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America (Nebula Award) 2000 Screen Actors Guild Awards 4th Golden Satellite Awards The Green Mile (film) The Green Mile is a 1999 American fantasy crime drama film written and directed by Frank Darabont and adapted from Stephen King’s 1996 novel of the same name. The film stars Tom Hanks as Paul Edgecomb and Michael Clarke Duncan as John Coffey, with supporting roles by David Morse, Bonnie Hunt, and James Cromwell. The film also features Dabbs Greer in his final film,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12806845", "chunk_text": "\"Harry Dean Stanton\"\nHarry Dean Stanton Harry Dean Stanton (July 14, 1926 – September 15, 2017) was an American actor, musician, and singer. In a career that spanned more than six decades, Stanton made appearances in the films \"\"Cool Hand Luke\"\" (1967), \"\"Kelly's Heroes\"\" (1970), \"\"Dillinger\"\" (1973), \"\"The Godfather Part II\"\" (1974), \"\"Alien\"\" (1979), \"\"Escape from New York\"\" (1981), \"\"Christine\"\" (1983), \"\"Repo Man\"\" (1984), \"\"Paris, Texas\"\" (1984), \"\"Pretty in Pink\"\" (1986), \"\"The Last Temptation of Christ\"\" (1988), \"\"Wild at Heart\"\" (1990), \"\"The Straight Story\"\" (1999), \"\"The Green Mile\"\" (1999), \"\"Alpha Dog\"\" (2006), \"\"Inland Empire\"\" (2006), and \"\"Lucky\"\" (2017), and had supporting roles in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19783133", "chunk_text": "\"Kung Fu Tootsie\"\nKung Fu Tootsie Kung Fu Tootsie (Thai: ตั๊ดสู้ฟุด or \"\"Tat soo foot\"\") is a 2007 Thai action-comedy film written and directed by Jaturong Mokjok. The English title of the film is an allusion to the 1982 American comedy film \"\"Tootsie\"\". A Thai slang term for transvestite or effeminate man, \"\"toot\"\" (ตุ๊ด), comes from the first syllable of \"\"Tootsie\"\". The Thai name of the film, \"\"Tat soo foot\"\" is a Thai spoonerism for \"\"toot soo fat\"\", which translates roughly as \"\"butt-kicking sissy\"\". \"\"Kung Fu Tootsie\"\" is set in Hong Kong, the story of Tien and Tao, twins separated at birth. When", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16502002", "chunk_text": "\"The Green Mile (novel)\"\nconvicted of killing a man in a fight over a pair of boots (also the first character to die in the electric chair); Arthur Flanders, a real estate executive who killed his father to perpetrate insurance fraud, and whose sentence is eventually commuted to life imprisonment (while serving his sentence, he is killed by another inmate in the laundry room); and Mr. Jingles, a mouse, to whom Del teaches various tricks. Paul and the other guards are irritated throughout the book by Percy Wetmore, a sadistic guard who enjoys antagonizing the prisoners. The other guards have to be civil to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "748758", "chunk_text": "\"Teri Garr filmography\"\nin the Sydney Pollack-directed comedy \"\"Tootsie\"\" (1982), for which she was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She subsequently had supporting roles in the comedy \"\"Mr. Mom\"\" (1987), and two Robert Altman films: \"\"The Player\"\" (1992), and \"\"Prêt-à-Porter\"\" (1994). Garr subsequently had small roles in the comedies \"\"Dick\"\" (1999) and \"\"Ghost World\"\" (2001) before going into semi-retirement due to her diagnosis with multiple sclerosis. Teri Garr filmography Teri Garr is an American actress who has appeared in over 70 films since beginning her career in the mid-1960s. She originally began her film career as a dancer in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18656328", "chunk_text": "\"Mary LaRoche\"\n1976. One of LaRoche's more complex and dramatic characterizations on television is in a one-hour episode of \"\"Gunsmoke\"\" in 1963, one titled \"\"Quint-Cident\"\". In that episode of the classic Western, in a central role opposite Burt Reynolds, she portrays a beleaguered and mentally exhausted widow trying to survive alone on an isolated farmstead in Kansas during the late 1870s. LaRoche was married to actor John Hudson and to actor-producer Sherwood Price. Mary LaRoche Mary LaRoche (July 20, 1920 – February 9, 1999) was an American actress and singer, best known for her roles in \"\"Gidget\"\", \"\"Bye Bye Birdie\"\" and \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17780634", "chunk_text": "\"Nancy Kelly\"\nNancy Kelly Nancy Kelly (March 25, 1921 – January 2, 1995) was an American actress. A child actress and model, she was a repertory cast member of CBS Radio's \"\"The March of Time\"\" and became a movie leading lady in the late 1930s, while still in her teens. She made 36 movies between 1926 and 1977, including portraying Tyrone Power's love interest in the classic \"\"Jesse James\"\" (1939), which also featured Henry Fonda, and playing opposite Spencer Tracy in \"\"Stanley and Livingstone\"\" later that same year. She had her greatest success in a character role, the suicidal mother in \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20740109", "chunk_text": "\"Frankie and Johnny (song)\"\nwoman. The song was the basis of a 1951 UPA cartoon \"\"Rooty Toot Toot\"\", directed by John Hubley. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Short Subject. Chicago's Redmoon Theater Company presented an adaptation of the Frankie and Johnny story at Steppenwolf Theater in 1997. The soundtrack was composed by Michael Zerang and performed by Fred Armisen, Fred Lonberg-Holm, and Jeremy Ruthrauff. The song was sung in a saloon by a leading lady in an episode of the tv show \"\"Cheyenne\"\" (1955–63), television's first hour-long western with actor Clint Walker as the jack-of-all-trades loner Cheyenne Brodie. Frankie and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1981684", "chunk_text": "\"Toots (film)\"\nReporter\"\" \"\"A nostalgic, meticulously researched full course meal from granddaughter Kristi Jacobson that will whet appetites of fest, specialty and tube diners.\"\" - Eddie Cockrell, \"\"Variety\"\" 3.5 out of 4 stars \"\"Shor's granddaughter Kristi Jacobson has made an unexpectedly good documentary about this sentimental, volatile ex-bouncer's life and times unexpected, because Jacobson isn't afraid to paint her grandfather (who died, in 1977, when she was 6) as a complicated, reckless and hard-swigging dreamer.\"\" - \"\"The Chicago Tribune\"\" Toots (film) Toots is a documentary film which outlines the life of Toots Shor (1903–1977), Manhattan's premier saloonkeeper from the year 1940 to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3426028", "chunk_text": "\"Anthony 'Scooter' Teague\"\nAnthony 'Scooter' Teague Anthony Scott Teague (born Edwin Ardell Teague, January 4, 1940 – June 2, 1989), also known as Scooter Teague, was an American actor and dancer. Born to Herman Charles Teague and Oleta Jones Teague in Jacksboro, Texas, Teague graduated from North Hollywood High School, class of Summer 1958. Teague first appeared on television on \"\"The Danny Thomas Show\"\", \"\"Alcoa Theatre\"\", and \"\"The Donna Reed Show\"\". In film he appeared as \"\"Big Deal\"\", one of the Jets, in \"\"West Side Story\"\" (1961), as Bud Frump in \"\"How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying\"\" (1967), and as Clarence", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3985734", "chunk_text": "\"Toot Sweets\"\nShow. Toot Sweets \"\"Toot Sweets\"\" is a song from \"\"Chitty Chitty Bang Bang\"\", the 1968 musical motion picture. In the film it is sung by Dick Van Dyke and Sally Ann Howes. \"\"Toot Sweets\"\" is also featured prominently in the multi-award winning stage musical of the same name which premiered in London at the Palladium in 2002 and on Broadway in 2005 at the newly refurbished Foxwoods Theatre (then the Hilton Theatre). The song was written by Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman (also known as the Sherman Brothers). The song title is a play on words, a humorous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12745376", "chunk_text": "\"Lila Finn\"\non November 15, 1996 at age 86. Lila Finn Lila Finn (born Lila Shanley; November 28, 1909 - November 15, 1996) was an American actress and stunt woman who performed in films for almost six decades and was known for such films as \"\"Gone with the Wind\"\", \"\"It's a Wonderful Life\"\", \"\"Blazing Saddles\"\", \"\"The Goonies\"\", \"\"Drum\"\", \"\"The Towering Inferno\"\", \"\"Suburban Commando\"\", \"\"\"\" and \"\"The Poseidon Adventure\"\". Finn was also an athlete who competed on the U.S. women's volleyball team from 1955 to 1960. At the age 50 Finn was awarded a silver medal in the 1959 Pan American Games in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20947992", "chunk_text": "Tootsie\nhis character as a feisty feminist, which surprises the other actors and the crew, who expected Emily to be (as written) another swooning female. His character quickly becomes a national sensation. When Sandy catches Michael in her bedroom half undressed because he wants to try on her clothes in order to get more ideas for Dorothy's wardrobe, he covers up by claiming he wants to have sex with her. Exacerbating matters further, he is attracted to one of his co-stars, Julie Nichols, a single mother in an unhealthy relationship with the show's amoral, sexist director, Ron Carlisle. At a party,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12745375", "chunk_text": "\"Lila Finn\"\nLila Finn Lila Finn (born Lila Shanley; November 28, 1909 - November 15, 1996) was an American actress and stunt woman who performed in films for almost six decades and was known for such films as \"\"Gone with the Wind\"\", \"\"It's a Wonderful Life\"\", \"\"Blazing Saddles\"\", \"\"The Goonies\"\", \"\"Drum\"\", \"\"The Towering Inferno\"\", \"\"Suburban Commando\"\", \"\"\"\" and \"\"The Poseidon Adventure\"\". Finn was also an athlete who competed on the U.S. women's volleyball team from 1955 to 1960. At the age 50 Finn was awarded a silver medal in the 1959 Pan American Games in Chicago, Illinois. Finn died from heart failure", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20947993", "chunk_text": "Tootsie\nwhen Michael (as himself) approaches Julie with a pick-up line that she had previously told Dorothy she would be receptive to, she throws a drink in his face. Later, as Dorothy, when he makes tentative advances, Julie—having just ended her relationship with Ron per Dorothy's advice—makes it known that she is not a lesbian. Meanwhile, Dorothy has her own admirers to contend with: older cast member John Van Horn and Julie's widowed father Les. Les proposes marriage, insisting Michael/Dorothy \"\"think about it\"\" before answering. When Michael returns home, he finds John, who almost forces himself on Dorothy until Jeff walks", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9723514", "chunk_text": "\"Marion Byron\"\nMarion Byron Marion Byron (born Miriam Bilenkin; March 16, 1911, Dayton, Ohio – July 5, 1985, Santa Monica, California) was an American movie comedian. After following her sister into a short stage career as a singer/dancer, she was given her first movie role as Buster Keaton's leading lady in the film \"\"Steamboat Bill, Jr.\"\" in 1928. From there she was hired by Hal Roach to co-star in short subjects with Max Davidson, Edgar Kennedy, and Charley Chase, but most significantly with Anita Garvin, where tiny (4'11\"\" in high heels) Marion was teamed with the 6' Anita for a brief three-film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_213	what is billy last name in where the red fern grows?	n/a	[ "Colman", "Billy Colman" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18903229", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nMedia, Inc. and Red Fern II Ltd. In it, Billy returns home as a veteran from World War II, bitter and sad at having lost a leg. His ailing grandfather gives him two new puppies which he is reluctant to accept, but his sister Sarah convinces him to do so. Later, he befriends a neighbor boy named Wilson. The film starred Wilford Brimley, Doug McKeon, Chad McQueen and Lisa Whelchel. Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film) Where the Red Fern Grows is a 1974 film directed by Norman Tokar, based on the 1961 novel of the same name. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12684294", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\nis badly wounded, and he dies late that night. Billy is heartbroken, and Little Ann loses the will to live, stops eating, and dies of grief a few days later on Old Dan's grave. Billy's father tries to tell him that it is all for the best, because with the money they received from winning the championship hunt, they can move to town. He goes to visit Old Dan and Little Ann's graves and finds a giant red fern between them. According to Native American legend, only an angel can plant one. He feels ready to move on. The novel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5817768", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\nWhere the Red Fern Grows (2003 film) Where the Red Fern Grows is a 2003 American family adventure film based on the children's book of the same name by Wilson Rawls. Directed by Lyman Dayton and Sam Pillsbury, it follows the story of Billy Colman who buys and trains two Redbone Coonhound hunting dogs to hunt raccoons in the Ozark mountains. The film stars Joseph Ashton, Dave Matthews, Ned Beatty and Dabney Coleman. An older Billy Coleman rescues a beagle from attack by another neighborhood dog. He takes it home with him so that its wounds can heal. In light", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15291413", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\ncontinues on. He comes to a sycamore tree with the names Dan and Ann carved inside a heart in the bark and decides to name the puppies Old Dan and Little Ann. To train Old Dan and Little Ann, Billy traps a raccoon with the help of his grandfather and uses its pelt to teach them to hunt. During their training, their personalities become apparent: Old Dan is brave and strong, while Little Ann is very intelligent. Both are very loyal to each other and to Billy. On the first night of hunting season, Billy takes Old Dan and Little", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12684286", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\nWhere the Red Fern Grows Where the Red Fern Grows is a 1961 children's novel by Wilson Rawls about a boy who buys and trains two Redbone Coonhound hunting dogs. When leaving work in Idaho's Snake River Valley, Billy Colman sees a pack of dogs attacking a stray coonhound. He takes the stray home to feed it. Once it has rested, Billy sets it free, knowing that it will return home. The experience reminds Billy of his childhood in the Ozark Mountains of Oklahoma. He wants a dog, and his parents offer to get him a collie from a neighbor.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15291414", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\nAnn out for their first hunt. He promises them that if they tree a raccoon, he will do the rest. They tree one in a large sycamore. As he tries to call them off, they look at him sadly and he cuts the tree down, though it takes two days and costs him blistered hands. In the end, when he's about to give up his effort, Billy offers a short prayer for strength to continue. A strong wind starts to blow and the tree falls. Billy and his hounds go hunting almost every night and become well-known in the Ozarks.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18903228", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nplanted by an angel, is growing between the two and Billy calls the family down to see it. Seeing the red fern satisfies Billy that what happened is for the best and he goes to Tulsa with his family. The film was produced by Lyman Dayton and filmed on location in Oklahoma. \"\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\" received generally positive reviews. The \"\"Nevada Daily Mail\"\" called the film \"\"quite simply a wonderful story\"\". In 1992, a sequel entitled \"\"Where the Red Fern Grows: Part Two\"\" (alternately titled \"\"Where the Red Fern Grows 2: The Homecoming\"\") was released by McCullough Family", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12684292", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\nhe trips, falls on it and dies. Billy's grandfather enters him into a championship coon hunt, putting him against experienced hunters and the finest dogs in the country. Before it starts, he enters Little Ann into a conformation contest, where she wins the silver cup. On the fourth night of the hunt, Old Dan and Little Ann tree three raccoons, making it to the final round. The sixth night, they tree one before a blizzard hits. Billy, his father, grandfather, and the judge lose sight of the dogs. When they finally find them, Billy's grandfather sprains his ankle. They build", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18903227", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nlion, but not before it mortally injures Old Dan. Billy carries Dan home but he dies on the kitchen table. They bury him down by the river. After Dan's death, Little Ann loses the will to live and dies on his grave a couple of weeks later. Billy buries her beside him. Billy's parents decide to use the prize money from the coonhunt to move the whole family to Tulsa to operate a store. On the day they're leaving, Billy walks down by the river to Dan and Ann's graves. A red fern, which according to legend can only be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "702351", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nWhere the Red Fern Grows (1974 film) Where the Red Fern Grows is a 1974 film directed by Norman Tokar, based on the 1961 novel of the same name. It stars James Whitmore, Beverly Garland, Stewart Petersen and Jack Ging. Twelve-year-old Billy Colman is obsessed with coon dogs and coon hunting, but good dogs cost money his family can't afford. However, he sees several good dogs belonging to others, including a man named Mr. Kyle. One day Billy's father mentions that there's a Bluetick pup for sale at his grandpa's store. Billy runs to see it, only to have the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5817773", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\nfound the ghost coon, and the boys attempt to cheat him by having him kill the coon before he can get his money, which was never part of the deal, that Billy and his dogs would simply tree him and find him, which results in a violent fallout between the boys. Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film) Where the Red Fern Grows is a 2003 American family adventure film based on the children's book of the same name by Wilson Rawls. Directed by Lyman Dayton and Sam Pillsbury, it follows the story of Billy Colman who buys and trains", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10744068", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\nhis father a pair of new overalls, his mother some sewing cloth to make dresses, and some candy for his two little sisters. Before he leaves, the Sheriff buys Billy a soda, something he's never had before. Finally, Billy begins his trip home. During the night, he senses something coming in the bushes. Hidden, he briefly sees the face of a mountain lion, but before it can come out and attack, Billy grabs a branch, lights it on fire, and uses it to scare it away. The next morning, Billy sees a heart carved in a tree that says \"\"Dan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5512609", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\nas children. There is a statue of Billy and his dogs at the Idaho Falls Public Library. Where the Red Fern Grows Where the Red Fern Grows is a 1961 children's novel by Wilson Rawls about a boy who buys and trains two Redbone Coonhound hunting dogs. When leaving work in Idaho's Snake River Valley, Billy Colman sees a pack of dogs attacking a stray coonhound. He takes the stray home to feed it. Once it has rested, Billy sets it free, knowing that it will return home. The experience reminds Billy of his childhood in the Ozark Mountains of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1321723", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\nLoves Ann\"\" in it, and decides to name his dogs Old Dan and Little Ann. While the book and 1974 film version depict Billy Coleman to have long blond hair, the Billy Coleman in the 2003 film has short, dark brown hair. The novel depicted the coon hunting competition to last about six nights, whereas the two film versions place it at four nights. In the novel and 1974 film version, Billy Coleman, his dogs, and the two Pritchard boys Rainie and Rubin hunt for the legendary ghost coon at night, but in the 2003 film, they hunt for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12684293", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\na fire, and when Billy's father chops down a tree, three raccoons jump out. Old Dan and Little Ann take two of them down, and chase the third to another tree. In the morning, the hunters find them covered with ice circling the tree. That raccoon wins them the championship, gold cup, and $300 of jackpot money. One night Old Dan and Little Ann see a mountain lion, and it attacks. Billy enters the fight with his axe, hoping to save his dogs, but they end up having to save him. Eventually, they kill the mountain lion, but Old Dan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12684291", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\nBilly and his grandfather make a bet with Rubin and Rainie Pritchard that Old Dan and Little Ann can tree the elusive \"\"ghost coon\"\". It leads them on a long, complicated hunt, and Rubin and Rainie want to give up. When they finally have the raccoon in a tree, Billy refuses to kill it. Rubin then lets his dog, Old Blue, attack Old Dan and Little Ann, and Rubin starts to beat Billy. Little Ann helps Old Dan gain the upper hand in the battle, and together they injure Old Blue; Rubin runs to attack them with an axe, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "702353", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\ndress cloth for Mama and candy for his younger sisters. Billy picks up the pups at the depot and carries them home in a gunny sack. He has to stop overnight and encounters a cougar which snarls at him until he makes a fire to scare it off. The next day Billy passes a tree with the names Dan and Ann carved inside a heart on the trunk. He names the female puppy Little Ann and the male Old Dan. Once Billy gets the puppies home he sets out to train them to be the best dogs in the Ozarks,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "702352", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nPritchard boys talk their father into buying it just to spite Billy. Billy's grandpa tells him that if he wants dogs he has to earn them. He begins working multiple jobs and finally earns the fifty dollars two puppies will cost. By that time, the price has dropped by ten dollars each. Billy orders the dogs, but they arrive in Tahlequah, 30 miles away, because the mail stage won't carry live animals. Billy sneaks out of the house in the night and travels to Tahlequah. He uses his leftover ten dollars to buy presents for his family; overalls for Papa,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15291411", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\nBut Billy doesn't want just any dog; he wants two coonhounds, but his parents cannot afford them. Billy finds a magazine ad for a Kentucky kennel which breeds Redbone Coonhounds and sells them for $25 each. He goes to work performing odd jobs and saves the $50 he needs with the help of his grandfather. Since it takes two years to do so, his grandfather writes to see if the kennel will honor the ad. They do and the price has dropped, so the two puppies only cost $40. Billy's dogs are delivered to the freight depot in Tahlequah. His", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12684297", "chunk_text": "\"Wilson Rawls\"\nWilson Rawls Woodrow Wilson Rawls, (September 24, 1913 - December 16, 1984) was an American writer best known for his books \"\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\" and \"\"Summer of the Monkeys\"\". When Rawls was 16, the United States economy entered the Great Depression, prompting his family to leave their Oklahoma home for California; however, the family's convertible broke down near Albuquerque, New Mexico, where Rawls's father found a job at the local toothpaste factory. In the 1930s and 1940s, Rawls became a carpenter and traveled to South America, Canada, and Alaska. He wrote five manuscripts during this period, including \"\"Where", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1321726", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\nin the book. Rubin's death is much more violent, graphic and prolonged in the book. In the movie, we only see him trip facedown, hear him let out a terrible scream. As Rainie runs off to get his father, Billy runs over to him and flips him over, and looks in horror as he sees the axe sticking out of Rubin's body. In this film, when Billy finds the ghost coon, he admits to the Pritchard boys that they were right and he was wrong. In the novel and 1974 film version, he tells them that he has in fact,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12684295", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\nwas made into a 1974 film starring Stewart Petersen, James Whitmore, Beverly Garland, and Jack Ging. It was followed by a sequel in 1992, which starred Wilford Brimley, Chad McQueen, Lisa Whelchel, and Karen Carlson. The film was remade in 2003 and starred Joseph Ashton, Dabney Coleman, Ned Beatty and Dave Matthews. Although sales of the novel began slowly, by 1974 over 90,000 copies had been sold. In 2001, Publishers Weekly estimated that it had sold 6,754,308 copies. Today \"\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\" is required reading in many American schools. One critic said it will please adults as well", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4320867", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\namazed by Billy's hard work. When he asks if he ever told his father, he reveals that he never knew, believing that his father would use the money to get a new mule, which is something he is in deep need of, if he ever knew about the money. Inspired by Billy's hard work, his grandfather guarantees that Billy will get his hounds. For many days, Billy desperately awaits for the day to come that his dogs would eventually come. When his father tells Billy that his grandfather has something for him, Billy immediately runs off to his grandfather's store,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17831374", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\nof this event, he has a flashback to when he was a ten-year-old boy living in the Ozark mountains. Growing up in the Ozarks with his parents and two younger sisters, Billy wants to own a pair of hunting dogs but his parents tell him that they can't afford them. He tries going to his grandfather when he learns that he's selling a Bluetick coonhound outside his store, but his rivals, the Pritchards, beat him to it. After they leave, Billy tells his grandfather that he believes that God doesn't want him to have any dogs. His grandfather replies that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "702356", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nPritchards get into a fight. At the same time, the Pritchard dog, Old Blue, gets loose and begins fighting Dan and Ann. Ruben Pritchard pulls Billy's hatchet out of his belt and runs toward the dogs. Billy trips him, and Ruben falls on the hatchet and dies. After Ruben's funeral, Billy tells his family he's never going hunting again. A few days later, Grandpa invites the whole family over to Sunday dinner. At the dinner, he tells them about a championship coonhunt that will be held soon and convinces Billy to enter. At the coonhunt, Billy wins the right to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4320866", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\nmaybe it's because Billy's not doing his fair share of the deal, and if he wants His help, he has to meet Him half ways. At first, he doesn't understand what that means, but after coming across an article in a sportsman magazine offering a pair of Redbone coonhounds in Kentucky for $25 each, he finally understands what his grandfather meant and decides to earn the money himself. For two years, he works many different jobs, and manages to save $50. When he reveals the money to his grandfather and tells him he understood what he meant, his grandfather is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10744066", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\nonly to discover that the dogs were delivered to Tahlequah, not to his store. Billy is discouraged, but his grandfather tells him to not worry, that he can get a ride in a week from that day. He also gives Billy his change of $10, telling him that prices are going down on everything due to the depression. However, Billy is convinced that his pups won't last that long, and sneaks out the following night to walk down to Tahlequah himself to get his dogs. After many hours, he finally reaches Tahlequah by daylight, and gets his dogs. However, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2861095", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\ngroup of classist boys start ganging up on Billy. When one of them start abusing one of his dogs by pulling on its ear, Billy warns him to stay away. However, the boy challenges him to a fight, which results in a fallout between Billy and the boys. Suddenly, the sheriff shows up and breaks up the fight, and orders the boys to leave. He tends to the beat up Billy, and compliments his dogs. He is amazed by how Billy got his dogs, and he befriends him. With $10 left over, he decides to go shopping for his family;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "702355", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nblows the tree over. Billy's dogs become famous in that part of the country. One day, he runs into the Pritchard boys again down at Grandpa's store. They tell him about a ghost coon that runs on their land and which no dog has ever been able to tree. They then antagonize Billy until he bets them that Dan and Ann can tree the ghost coon. On the hunt, Dan and Ann tree the coon in an old mill. Billy refuses to kill it, saying it deserves to live because it fooled every dog in the country. He and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16735895", "chunk_text": "\"The Petrified Forest\"\ndiner is run by Jason Maple (Porter Hall), his daughter Gabrielle (Davis), and Gramp, Jason's father (Charley Grapewin), who regales anyone who will listen with stories of his adventures in the Old West with such characters as Billy the Kid. Gabrielle's mother, a French war bride who fell in love with Jason when he was a young, handsome American serviceman, left her \"\"dull defeated man\"\" after the war and moved back to France when Gabrielle was a baby. She now sends poetry to Gabrielle, who dreams of moving to Bourges, where her parents first met, to become an artist. Alan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10484946", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows\"\nfamily does not have transportation, so he finds his own way to get to the depot and walks through the hills. He picks up his puppies, which are a male and a female. He buys a gift for each member of his family with his extra $10 before heading back home. On the way back home, he spends the night in Robber's Cave in the Sparrow Hawk Mountains. There he builds a fire and plays with the puppies. While trying to sleep, he hears a noise that he realizes is the cry of a mountain lion. In the morning, he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "702357", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nhunt in the championship round, along with two other hunters, one of whom is Mr. Kyle and his pair of Treeing Walker Coonhounds. On the final night of the coonhunt, a blizzard blows up. Dan and Ann tree one coon and are on the way to another one when Grandpa trips and sprains his ankle. Nobody notices as they chase after the dogs. Dan and Ann have three raccoons up a single tree. Just then, Billy notices that Grandpa is missing. He calls the dogs off the coons, even though Papa tells him it's impossible, and sends them to find", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "702358", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nGrandpa and they succeed. The next day is the awards ceremony. Mr. Kyle is given the prize, but he gives it to Billy instead, saying that he earned it but not to get too cocky because he and his Walkers were going to whip Billy and his Redbones next year. Not long after the championship hunt, Billy is out hunting with Dan and Ann when they start barking up a cliff. A mountain lion jumps off and the dogs attack him before he can get to Billy. During the fight, Billy manages to get out his hatchet and kill the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "702354", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (1974 film)\"\nusing a coonskin to teach them to scent trail. On the night of Billy's first hunt, the dogs get after a coon almost immediately but the coon foils them by crossing the river. Billy catches up with the dogs and tells them he's ashamed of them. He forces them to swim the river and pick up the track on the other bank. The dogs tree the coon up an enormous tree, and Billy starts trying to chop it down with his small hatchet even though it seems impossible. Finally he calls on God to help him and a strong wind", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17831381", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\nghost coon at daylight. Also, the 2003 film placed the boys' betted money at five dollars, while the 1974 film and novel, place the money at two dollars. In the 2003 film, when Billy and his hounds encounter the mountain lion, Billy and Little Ann chase away the lion after it fatally injured Old Dan. In the novel and 1974 film version, Billy kills the mountain lion with his axe to save Old Dan. Old Dan's death is much more graphic and gory in the book, which involved his intestines being torn out, trying to fix him back up, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4933579", "chunk_text": "\"Billy the Kid\"\nceremony. Shortly afterward, the family moved from Santa Fe to Silver City, New Mexico, and Joseph McCarty began using the name Joseph Antrim. Catherine McCarty died of tuberculosis on September 16, 1874. McCarty was 13 years old when his mother died. Sarah Brown, the owner of a boarding house, gave him room and board in exchange for work. On September 16, 1875, McCarty was caught stealing food. Ten days later, McCarty and George Schaefer robbed a Chinese laundry, stealing clothing and two pistols. McCarty was charged with theft and was jailed. He escaped two days later and became a fugitive,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16191091", "chunk_text": "\"Dan Shor\"\nDan Shor Daniel Shor (born November 16, 1956) is an American actor, director, writer, and teacher with a career spanning over 30 years. His most recognized roles include Enoch Emery in John Huston's \"\"Wise Blood\"\", Ram in \"\"Tron\"\" (1982) and Billy the Kid in \"\"Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure\"\" (1989). Shor was born and raised in New York City. He attended McBurney School from the 6th through the 8th grade. His mother, who was an actress, died when he was 14. He graduated from Elisabeth Irwin High School (June 1974) and began at Northwestern University that fall. He studied at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3720070", "chunk_text": "\"Where the Red Fern Grows (2003 film)\"\ndying the next day. In the 2003 film, we just see Old Dan struggle to get up and we only see a giant gash in his hip. Billy pets him and tells him it's going to be alright, but the scene transitions to the next day where it is revealed Old Dan didn't survive when it is seen that he is being buried. Before Billy gets his dogs, he learns his grandpa is selling a Bluetick coonhound. He goes to see him, however, the Pritchards buy him before he can, just to be mean to Billy. This scene never happens", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9817165", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Bathgate\"\nBilly Bathgate Billy Bathgate is a 1989 novel by author E. L. Doctorow that won the 1989 National Book Critics Circle award for fiction for 1990, the 1990 PEN/Faulkner Award for Fiction, the 1990 William Dean Howells Medal, and was the runner-up for the 1990 Pulitzer Prize and the 1989 National Book Award. The story is told in the first person by Billy \"\"Bathgate\"\" Behan, a fifteen-year-old boy who first becomes the gofer and then surrogate son of mobster Dutch Schultz. A 1991 film based on the novel starred Loren Dean as Billy, Dustin Hoffman as Schultz, Steven Hill as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6517199", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Bathgate (film)\"\nis a poor teenage boy from the Bronx. One day he catches the attention of gangster Dutch Schultz. Changing his last name to Bathgate, after a local street, he goes to work for Schultz's organization, serving mostly as a gopher for Schultz. Billy is present when Schultz murders his former partner Bo Weinberg, who Schultz believes betrayed him. Schultz then begins a relationship with Weinberg's beautiful, married, girlfriend, Drew Preston. Facing legal charges in a court in upstate New York, Schultz brings Billy and Drew along. He successfully charms the locals, presenting himself as charming and good natured. While his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10991054", "chunk_text": "\"Good-bye, Billy Radish\"\nGood-bye, Billy Radish Good-bye, Billy Radish is a prize-winning, historical, young-adult novel by the American writer Gloria Skurzynski. It is set in 1917 in the fictional mill town of Canaan (a parallel to the author's hometown of Duquesne, Pennsylvania, just south of Pittsburgh on the Monongahela River). The book tells the story of two working-class boys, Hank Kerner, who considers himself all-American, and his best friend Bazyli Radichevych, a Ukrainian immigrant whom Hank nicknames Billy Radish. Both are scheduled to enter the steel mill when they turn 14. As they exit childhood, they must cope with the challenges of industrial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4493368", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Boy\"\nmiddle-aged New York City musician who, after being dumped by her husband, develops a relationship with a middle-aged divorced social worker. The song \"\"Billy Boy\"\" is also performed in the film. Billy Boy \"\"Billy Boy\"\" is a traditional folk song and nursery rhyme found in the United States. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 326. It is a variant of the traditional English folk song \"\"My Boy Billy\"\", collected by Ralph Vaughan Williams and published by him in 1912 as number 232 in \"\"Novello's School Songs\"\". While the tone of the nursery rhyme is ironic and teasing,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19547221", "chunk_text": "\"You're Fired\"\n\"\"You're fired!\"\" addressed to him, then Helen, sole heiress of the Rogers' millions in gold, can never be his. While this is a terrible test, Billy is game. His first job as a stenographer he resigns at the end of his first day to avoid being fired. Job number two is at a restaurant where he is required to wear the garb of an ancient warrior known to all readers of historical novels as a halberdier, and then pose as a statue on the landing of the stairs. To the restaurant comes fair Helen, her father Gordon, and Tom (Woodward),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7068098", "chunk_text": "\"Sprout (novel)\"\ncloses the novel. Sixteen-year-old Daniel Bradford is nicknamed Sprout. In a flashback, the reader learns that his mother dies of cancer when he is 12 years old. His father has trouble dealing with her death and becomes an alcoholic. Early one morning, Sprout's father announces they are leaving New York and heading for Kansas. Sprout's father buys a plot of tree-covered land near Hutchinson, Kansas. The family takes up residence in a very small vacation trailer. Sprout's father begins covering the trailer in vines, and plants upside-down tree roots all over the property. Sprout's father has no job; the family", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18152687", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Frank Jr.\"\nBilly Frank Jr. Billy Frank Jr. (March 9, 1931 – May 5, 2014) was a Native American environmental leader and treaty rights activist born in 1931 to Willie and Angeline Frank. A Nisqually tribal member, Frank is known specifically for his grassroots campaign for fishing rights on the tribe's Nisqually River, located in Washington state, in the 1960s and 1970s. He is also known for promoting cooperative management of natural resources. The tribal nations in western Washington reserved the right to fish at all their usual and accustomed places in common with all citizens of the United States, and to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15842610", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Bathgate\"\nmoll in exchange for her life. Schultz amicably turns himself in to the authorities, based on the condition that he be allowed to choose the site of his trial. Schultz and his attorney, Dixie Davis, choose a small farming community in upstate New York, then arrive several weeks before jury selection and buy an entire floor of the local hotel. Schultz presents himself as a philanthropic businessman unjustly persecuted by the government, Billy as an orphan boy whom he has taken under his wing as a business apprentice, and Drew as a governess employed to supervise Billy's education. Schultz uses", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17525079", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Martin\"\ncouple for a time, during which Billy Martin was born at his maternal grandmother's house in West Berkeley. Billy Martin acquired his name because his grandmother, who never mastered English, would croon \"\"bello\"\" (beautiful) repeatedly over the baby, who only learned his birth name when a teacher used it at school. The Martin couple broke up soon after Billy was born, and each later accused the other of infidelity. In any event, Billy Martin would have no further contact with his father until he was in his thirties, and the conflict between the parents likely left him with emotional wounds.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17525080", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Martin\"\nWith Al Martin having returned to his native Hawaii, Jenny no longer used his name, either in conversation or as part of hers, and before Billy's first birthday had met John \"\"Jack\"\" Downey, a laborer and jack-of-all-trades, who she married in late 1929, and whose name she took for herself, but not for her sons. Billy Martin later called his stepfather a \"\"great guy\"\". Jenny always regretted that fame came to her son under the name Billy Martin, not Billy Downey. Billy was an indifferent student once he started school, and from the age of about 12, was often in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4852529", "chunk_text": "\"Delores Taylor\"\nDelores Taylor Delores Judith Taylor (September 27, 1932 – March 23, 2018) was an American film actress, writer and producer, known for her roles in the \"\"Billy Jack\"\" films of the 1970s. Taylor was born in 1932 in Winner, South Dakota and grew up near Rosebud Indian Reservation. Her father, Harry Taylor, was a postmaster general, who ran a post office that was frequented by Native Americans. Her mother, Ann Nelson, was a homemaker. She met actor Tom Laughlin while a student at the University of South Dakota in 1953, and married him while she was a graphic artist on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15088988", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Abbott\"\nBilly Abbott Billy Abbott is a fictional character from \"\"The Young and the Restless\"\", an American soap opera on the CBS network. Created by William J. Bell as the son of John Abbott (Jerry Douglas) and Jill Abbott (Jess Walton), the character is currently portrayed by Jason Thompson. He was born onscreen during the episode airing on July 7, 1993. For the character's first six-year period, he appeared as a minor, portrayed by various child actors. In 1999, David Tom began portraying Billy as a teenager. Tom was acclaimed for his portrayal, winning a Daytime Emmy Award in 2000. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_214	who painted the ceiling of the florence cathedral?	n/a	[ "Giorgio Vasari", "Federico Zuccari", "Giorgio Vasari and Federico Zuccari" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12665395", "chunk_text": "\"Sistine Chapel ceiling\"\nparticular pentimenti, highlights and shadows, and other detailing painted \"\"a secco\"\" – was lost in the removal of various accretions. Vasari Johann Wolfgang Goethe Waldemar Januszczak The art critic and television producer Waldemar Januszczak wrote that when the Sistine Chapel ceiling was recently cleaned, he \"\"was able to persuade the man at the Vatican who was in charge of Japanese TV access to let me climb the scaffold while the cleaning was in progress.\"\" Gabriele Bartz and Eberhard König Pope John Paul II Sistine Chapel ceiling The Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted by Michelangelo between 1508 and 1512, is a cornerstone", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12665317", "chunk_text": "\"Sistine Chapel ceiling\"\nSistine Chapel ceiling The Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted by Michelangelo between 1508 and 1512, is a cornerstone work of High Renaissance art. The ceiling is that of the Sistine Chapel, the large papal chapel built within the Vatican between 1477 and 1480 by Pope Sixtus IV, for whom the chapel is named. It was painted at the commission of Pope Julius II. The chapel is the location for papal conclaves and many other important services. The ceiling's various painted elements form part of a larger scheme of decoration within the Chapel, which includes the large fresco \"\"The Last Judgment\"\" on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18261175", "chunk_text": "\"Florence Cathedral\"\nthe drum and through the lantern. Brunelleschi had proposed the vault to glimmer with resplendent gold, but his death in 1446 put an end to this project, and the walls of the dome were whitewashed. Grand Duke Cosimo I de' Medici decided to have the dome painted with a representation of \"\"The Last Judgment\"\". This enormous work, 3,600 metres² (38 750 ft²) of painted surface, was started in 1568 by Giorgio Vasari and Federico Zuccari and would last till 1579. The upper portion, near the lantern, representing \"\"The 24 Elders of Apoc. 4\"\" was finished by Vasari before his death", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7172420", "chunk_text": "\"Sistine Chapel\"\nis decorated with frescoed hangings in silver and gold. Above the narrative frescos, the upper tier is divided into two zones. At the lower level of the windows is a \"\"Gallery of Popes\"\" painted at the same time as the \"\"Lives\"\". Around the arched tops of the windows are areas known as the \"\"lunettes\"\" which contain the \"\"Ancestors of Christ\"\", painted by Michelangelo as part of the scheme for the ceiling. The ceiling was commissioned by Pope Julius II and painted by Michelangelo between 1508 and 1512. The commission was originally to paint the twelve apostles on the triangular pendentives", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13991799", "chunk_text": "Michelangelo\nof the \"\"Last Judgement\"\" and the frescoes of the Capella Paolina. The Sistine Chapel ceiling was a work of unprecedented grandeur, both for its architectonic forms, to be imitated by many Baroque ceiling painters, and also for the wealth of its inventiveness in the study of figures. Vasari wrote: Michelangelo Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni or more commonly known by his first name Michelangelo (; ; 6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564) was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect and poet of the High Renaissance born in the Republic of Florence, who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9846833", "chunk_text": "\"Francesco Pagano\"\nFrancesco Pagano Francesco Pagano, (fl. 1471–1506) was an Italian painter working primarily in Spain. His date of birth is not known. Pagano was active in Valencia, and primarily painted religious-themed works for local churches. He is credited with helping import the Italian Renaissance style to Spain. In 1472 he was commissioned in conjunction with Paolo da San Leocadio by the papal envoy Rodrigo Borja, a Spaniard who became Pope Alexander VI, to paint the ceiling of the Valencia Cathedral. A false ceiling had hidden the fresco for more than 330 years, until an investigation into some pigeons led to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3762719", "chunk_text": "\"Illusionistic ceiling painting\"\n\"\"Assumption of the Virgin\"\" that overwhelmed contemporary spectators with its exuberant illusionistic effects and became one of the first high baroque masterpieces. Lanfranco's work in Rome (1613–1630) and in Naples (1634–1646) was fundamental to the development of illusionism in Italy. Pietro Berrettini, called Pietro da Cortona, developed the illusionistic ceiling fresco to an extraordinary degree in works such as the ceiling (1633–1639) of the \"\"gran salone\"\" of Palazzo Barberini. From 1676 to 1679 Giovanni Battista Gaulli, called Baciccio, painted an \"\"Adoration of the Name of Jesus\"\" on the ceiling of the Church of the Gesù, the Jesuit headquarters in Rome.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12665321", "chunk_text": "\"Sistine Chapel ceiling\"\n\"\"Life of Moses\"\" on the left side. It was carried out by some of the most renowned Renaissance painters: Botticelli, Ghirlandaio, Perugino, Pinturicchio, Signorelli and Cosimo Rosselli. The upper level of the walls contains the windows, between which are painted pairs of illusionistic niches with representations of the first thirty-two popes. A draft by Matteo d'Amelia indicates that the ceiling was painted blue like that of the Arena Chapel and decorated with gold stars, possibly representing the zodiacal constellations. It is probable that, because the chapel was the site of regular meetings and Masses of an elite body of officials", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16906649", "chunk_text": "\"Ciro Ferri\"\nCiro Ferri Ciro Ferri (1634 – 13 September 1689) was an Italian Baroque sculptor and painter, the chief pupil and successor of Pietro da Cortona. He was born in Rome, where he began working under Cortona and with a team of artists in the extensive fresco decorations of the Quirinal Palace (1656–59). He collaborated with Cortona and completed for him the extensive frescoed ceilings and other internal decorations begun in the Pitti Palace, Florence (1659–65). His independent masterpiece is considered an extensive series of scriptural frescoes in the church of Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore (Bergamo). Also well known is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17879524", "chunk_text": "\"Florence Cathedral\"\nFlorence Cathedral Florence Cathedral, formally the (; in English \"\"Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Flower\"\"), is the cathedral of Florence, Italy (). It was begun in 1296 in the Gothic style to a design of Arnolfo di Cambio and was structurally completed by 1436, with the dome designed by Filippo Brunelleschi. The exterior of the basilica is faced with polychrome marble panels in various shades of green and pink, bordered by white, and has an elaborate 19th-century Gothic Revival façade by Emilio De Fabris. The cathedral complex, in Piazza del Duomo, includes the Baptistery and Giotto's Campanile. These three", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2976954", "chunk_text": "\"Sistine Chapel\"\nceiling restoration began on 7 November 1984. The restoration complete, the chapel was re-opened to the public on 8 April 1994. The part of the restoration in the Sistine Chapel that has caused the most concern is the ceiling, painted by Michelangelo. The emergence of the brightly coloured Ancestors of Christ from the gloom sparked a reaction of fear that the processes being employed in the cleaning were too severe and removed the original intent of the artist. The problem lies in the analysis and understanding of the techniques utilised by Michelangelo, and the technical response of the restorers to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15720055", "chunk_text": "\"Andrea Pozzo\"\nAndrea Pozzo Andrea Pozzo (; Latinized version: \"\"Andreas Puteus\"\"; 30 November 1642 – 31 August 1709) was an Italian Jesuit brother, Baroque painter and architect, decorator, stage designer, and art theoretician. Pozzo was best known for his grandiose frescoes using the illusionistic technique called quadratura, in which architecture and fancy are intermixed. His masterpiece is the nave ceiling of the Church of Sant'Ignazio in Rome. Through his techniques, he became one of the most noteworthy figures of the Baroque period. He is also noted for the architectural plans of Ljubljana Cathedral (1700), inspired by the designs of the Jesuit churches", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6657574", "chunk_text": "\"Florentine painting\"\npainting for the next half millennium. Many other Renaissance artists painted versions of \"\"the Last Supper\"\", but only Leonardo's was destined to be reproduced countless times in wood, alabaster, plaster, lithograph, tapestry, crochet and table-carpets. Apart from the direct impact of the works themselves, Leonardo's studies of light, anatomy, landscape, and human expression were disseminated in part through his generosity to a retinue of students. In 1508 Pope Julius II succeeded in getting the sculptor Michelangelo to agree to continue the decorative scheme of the Sistine Chapel. The Sistine Chapel ceiling was constructed in such a way that there were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14431694", "chunk_text": "\"Art patronage of Julius II\"\nArt patronage of Julius II Pope Julius II (reigned 1503–1513), commissioned a series of highly influential art and architecture projects in Rome. The painting of the Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo and various rooms in the Vatican by Raphael are considered among the masterworks that mark the High Renaissance in Rome. His decision to rebuild St Peters led to the construction of the massive basilica we see now. Julius died in 1513, and except for the Sistine Chapel ceiling, which he lived to see finished, his very largest commissions were finished after his death. The term \"\"High Renaissance\"\" was first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9343823", "chunk_text": "\"Domenico Cunego\"\nDomenico Cunego Domenico Cunego (1724/25 – 8 January 1803) was an Italian printmaker. Cunego was born at Verona. Having studied under the otherwise-unknown painter Francesco Ferrari, he began his artistic career as a painter, producing several works, all of which are now lost or untraceable. At age 18, however, he switched to engraving (a field in which he was possibly self-taught). He died in Rome. The engravings he made depicting Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling, published in Gavin Hamilton's \"\"Schola Italica Picturae\"\" (1773), were an important source for the artists of his time. He is notable not only for reproducing paintings", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18650367", "chunk_text": "\"Michelangelo Cinganelli\"\nMichelangelo Cinganelli Michelangelo Cinganelli, also known as Michele Cinganelli (Florence, circa 1558 - Florence, September 26, 1635) was an Italian painter. He was a pupil or strongly influenced by Bernardino Poccetti of Florence. Along with Orazio Riminaldi, he painted the four Evangelists and angels (1597) in the cupola of the Cathedral of Pisa; a \"\"Birth of the Virgin\"\" and \"\"Annunciation\"\" (1598) in the choir; and decoration of the organ in 1602. He also painted in the church of San Domenico, Pistoia. He is documented as working for the tapestry shop of the Medici in Florence. Cinganelli supervised the designs by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7993150", "chunk_text": "\"Florence Cathedral\"\narchitects. The lantern was finally completed by Brunelleschi's friend Michelozzo in 1461. The conical roof was crowned with a gilt copper ball and cross, containing holy relics, by Verrocchio in 1469. This brings the total height of the dome and lantern to . This copper ball was struck by lightning on 17 July 1600 and fell down. It was replaced by an even larger one two years later. The commission for this bronze ball [atop the lantern] went to the sculptor Andrea del Verrocchio, in whose workshop there was at this time a young apprentice named Leonardo da Vinci. Fascinated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5274180", "chunk_text": "\"Cesare Aretusi\"\nCesare Aretusi Cesare Aretusi (1 September 1549 – 4 October 1612) was an Italian painter of the late-Renaissance period. He was born in Modena and trained with Bartolomeo Ramenghi (Bagnacavallo). Known primarily as a portrait painter, Aretusi also painted the cupola of the cathedral of St. Peter in Bologna, where he was assisted by Giovanni Battista Fiorini. Aretusi is described by Lanzi as the better colorist, while Fiorini, the better designer. Aretusi restored the frescoes of Correggio for the tribune of the Cathedral of Parma, and made a copy of the famous \"\"La Notte\"\" painting by Correggio for the church", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18261174", "chunk_text": "\"Florence Cathedral\"\nit is now on display in the Museum Opera del Duomo. Many decorations date from the 16th-century patronage of the Grand Dukes, such as the pavement in colored marble, attributed to Baccio d'Agnolo and Francesco da Sangallo (1520–26). Some pieces of marble from the façade were used, topside down, in the flooring (as was shown by the restoration of the floor after the 1966 flooding). It was suggested that the interior of the 45 metre (147 ft) wide dome should be covered with a mosaic decoration to make the most of the available light coming through the circular windows of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7993157", "chunk_text": "\"Florence Cathedral\"\nGirolamo Savonarola. Many decorations in the church have been lost in the course of time, or have been transferred to the Museum Opera del Duomo, such as the magnificent cantorial pulpits (the singing galleries for the choristers) of Luca della Robbia and Donatello. As this cathedral was built with funds from the public, some important works of art in this church honour illustrious men and military leaders of Florence: • Lorenzo Ghiberti had a large artistic impact on the cathedral. Ghiberti worked with Filippo Brunelleschi on the cathedral for eighteen years and had a large number of projects on almost", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6334165", "chunk_text": "Raphael\nmore important commission than any he had received before; he had only painted one altarpiece in Florence itself. Several other artists and their teams of assistants were already at work on different rooms, many painting over recently completed paintings commissioned by Julius's loathed predecessor, Alexander VI, whose contributions, and arms, Julius was determined to efface from the palace. Michelangelo, meanwhile, had been commissioned to paint the Sistine Chapel ceiling. This first of the famous \"\"Stanze\"\" or \"\"Raphael Rooms\"\" to be painted, now known as the \"\"Stanza della Segnatura\"\" after its use in Vasari's time, was to make a stunning impact", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12665381", "chunk_text": "\"Sistine Chapel ceiling\"\nof God, impassively watching and waiting on the fate of Humankind. Their painting demonstrates, more than any other figures on the ceiling, Michelangelo's mastery of anatomy and foreshortening and his enormous powers of invention. In their reflection of classical antiquity they resonate with Pope Julius' aspirations to lead Italy towards a new 'age of gold'; at the same time, they staked Michelangelo's claim to greatness. However, a number of critics were angered by their presence and nudity, including Pope Adrian VI who wanted the ceiling stripped. Michelangelo was the artistic heir to the great 15th-century sculptors and painters of Florence.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15564033", "chunk_text": "\"Agnolo di Domenico del Mazziere\"\nto \"\"Master of Santo Spirito\"\" have been variously attributed to Agnolo or to both. According to tax documents Donnino was the head of the workshop, which began sometime after 1480. Their style suggests that they may have apprenticed with Cosimo Rosselli. Agnola's mention in Giorgio Vasari's Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects as well as by Filippo Baldinucci, indicates that he was the more recognized and talented of the brothers. Agnolo was among a group of select artists to consult with Michelangelo for the Sistine Chapel ceiling between 1507 and 1508. 1490 through 1515 was a period", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12673937", "chunk_text": "\"Villa Madama\"\nin Nero's recently rediscovered \"\"Domus Aurea\"\"; and finally, both Giovan Francesco Penni (\"\"il Fattore\"\") and the Florentine sculptor Baccio Bandinelli worked there too. Aside from the Raphael loggia, the villa's greatest artistic element is the \"\"salone\"\" painted by Giulio Romano, with its magnificent vaulted ceiling. After Giulio de' Medici became the second Medici pope, as Clement VII in 1523, work resumed in 1524-1525 only to stop again in 1527 during the Sack of Rome. During this time, the villa suffered damage. While parts of it were rebuilt, the villa was never completed. The Villa Madama was one of the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7993166", "chunk_text": "\"Florence Cathedral\"\nBrunelleschi. While its location is prominent, the actual tomb is simple and humble. That the architect was permitted such a prestigious burial place is proof of the high esteem he was given by the Florentines. Florence Cathedral Florence Cathedral, formally the (; in English \"\"Cathedral of Saint Mary of the Flower\"\"), is the cathedral of Florence, Italy (). It was begun in 1296 in the Gothic style to a design of Arnolfo di Cambio and was structurally completed by 1436, with the dome designed by Filippo Brunelleschi. The exterior of the basilica is faced with polychrome marble panels in various", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18261171", "chunk_text": "\"Florence Cathedral\"\nchurch is particularly notable for its 44 stained glass windows, the largest undertaking of this kind in Italy in the 14th and 15th century. The windows in the aisles and in the transept depict saints from the Old and the New Testament, while the circular windows in the drum of the dome or above the entrance depict Christ and Mary. They are the work of the greatest Florentine artists of their times, such as Donatello, Lorenzo Ghiberti, Paolo Uccello and Andrea del Castagno. \"\"Christ crowning Mary as Queen\"\", the stained-glass circular window above the clock, with a rich range of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8334178", "chunk_text": "\"Antonio Rolli\"\nAntonio Rolli Antonio Rolli or Roli (1643–1695) is an Italian painter active painting quadrature during the Baroque period, mainly in his native Bologna. He trained with Angelo Michele Colonna and worked alongside his brother \"\"Giuseppe\"\" or \"\"Gioseffo Maria Rolli\"\" (1645-1727), who painted the figures. He painted the ceiling (1695) for the church of San Paolo Maggiore, Bologna. He died from a fall from a scaffold while completing this work. Paolo Guidi and his brother Gioseffo (or Giuseppe) helped complete the work. He helped decorate the oratory of Santa Maria della Neve, Bologna. Giuseppe Antonio Caccioli trained with the Rolli brothers.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14503947", "chunk_text": "\"Giuseppe Antonio Caccioli\"\nGiuseppe Antonio Caccioli Giuseppe Antonio Caccioli (October 18, 1672 – July 20, 1740) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. Giuseppe Antonio Caccioli was born in Bologna. When he was three, his father the painter Giovanni Battista Caccioli died, and from a very early age he was taught to paint by his tutors. He later apprenticed with the brothers Giuseppe and Antonio Rolli who at the time were painting the ceiling of San Paolo Maggiore church in Bologna. Caccioli had a natural predisposition for the art of painting. He married Rosa Teresa Fontana with whom he had two boys.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2598186", "chunk_text": "\"Domenico di Michelino\"\nDomenico di Michelino Domenico di Michelino (1417–1491) was an Italian painter of the Florentine school and a follower of the style of Fra Angelico. He was born and died in Florence. Michelino predominantly painted scenes from the Bible. His most famous work can be found on the west wall of Florence's \"\"Duomo\"\" (cathedral) Santa Maria del Fiore, including \"\"La commedia illumina Firenze\"\" (\"\"The Comedy Illuminating Florence\"\"), showing Dante Alighieri and the \"\"Divina Commedia\"\" (\"\"Divine Comedy\"\"). Along with Dante and the city of Florence, the work depicts Hell, Mount Purgatory, the earthly Paradise (with Adam and Eve) and the celestial spheres.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2270091", "chunk_text": "\"Raffaellino del Garbo\"\nwas his pupil. Raffaellino del Garbo Raffaellino del Garbo (1466 or perhaps 1476 – 1527) was a Florentine painter of the early Renaissance. His real name was Raffaello Capponi; \"\"del Garbo\"\" was an appellation, bestowed upon him seemingly from the graceful nicety (\"\"garbo\"\") of his earlier works. He has also been called Raffaello de Florentia, and Raffaello de Carolis or \"\"Karli\"\". He was a pupil of Filippino Lippi, with whom he remained till 1490, if not later. He accompanied Filippino to Rome, where he painted the ceiling of the chapel of St. Thomas Aquinas (Caraffa Chapel) in the church of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1174748", "chunk_text": "\"Rinaldo Botti\"\nRinaldo Botti Rinaldo Botti (1658 in Florence – March 31, 1740 in Florence) was an Italian painter active in the Baroque period. He was a pupil of Jacopo Chiavistelli, and specialized in quadratura. He collaborated with Andrea Landini in frescoing some salons of Villas belonging to the Corsini family. He painted the ceiling of Santa Elisabetta delle Convertite. In other projects, he collaborated with Alessandro Gherardini, Filippo Maria Galleti, Giovanni Andrea Brunori, and Giovanni Sacconi. In the palace of Francesco Maria Niccolò Gabburri on via Ghibellina, he worked with Lorenzo del Moro in decorating some murals (1708). With the same", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6657578", "chunk_text": "\"Florentine painting\"\npainters are drawn together. The rounded forms and luminous colours of Perugino, the lifelike portraiture of Ghirlandaio, the realism and lighting of Leonardo and the powerful draughtsmanship of Michelangelo became unified in the paintings of Raphael. In his short life he executed a number of large altarpieces, an impressive Classical fresco of the sea nymph, Galatea, outstanding portraits with two popes and a famous writer among them, and, while Michelangelo was painting the Sistine Chapel ceiling, a series of wall frescoes in the Vatican chambers nearby, of which \"\"the School of Athens\"\" is uniquely significant. This fresco depicts a meeting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13277336", "chunk_text": "\"Sistine Chapel ceiling\"\n\"\"The whole world came running when the vault was revealed, and the sight of it was enough to reduce them to stunned silence.\"\" The frescoes of the Sistine Chapel were restored between June 1980 and December 1999, with preliminary tests taking place in 1979. The first stage of restoration, the work upon Michelangelo's lunettes, was achieved in October 1984. The work then proceeded on the ceiling, completed December 1989 and from there to the Last Judgement. The restoration was unveiled by Pope John Paul II on 8 April 1994. The restoration team comprised Gianluigi Colalucci, Maurizio Rossi, Piergiorgio Bonetti, Bruno", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5956618", "chunk_text": "Giotto\nGiotto Giotto di Bondone (; 1267 – January 8, 1337), known mononymously as Giotto () and Latinised as Giottus, was an Italian painter and architect from Florence during the Late Middle Ages. He worked during the Gothic/Proto-Renaissance period. Giotto's contemporary, the banker and chronicler Giovanni Villani, wrote that Giotto was \"\"the most sovereign master of painting in his time, who drew all his figures and their postures according to nature\"\" and of his publicly recognized \"\"talent and excellence\"\". In his \"\"Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects\"\", Giorgio Vasari described Giotto as making a decisive break with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6334167", "chunk_text": "Raphael\nnot interrupt the work at all, as he was succeeded by Raphael's last Pope, the Medici Pope Leo X, with whom Raphael formed an even closer relationship, and who continued to commission him. Raphael's friend Cardinal Bibbiena was also one of Leo's old tutors, and a close friend and advisor. Raphael was clearly influenced by Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling in the course of painting the room. Vasari said Bramante let him in secretly. The first section was completed in 1511 and the reaction of other artists to the daunting force of Michelangelo was the dominating question in Italian art for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1436055", "chunk_text": "\"Illusionistic ceiling painting\"\nsotto in sù\"\". This was the prototype of illusionistic ceiling painting that was to become an important element of Italian baroque. Correggio at Parma took the illusionistic ceiling a step farther in his frescoes of Christ and the Apostles for the cupola at the San Giovanni Evangelista and in the \"\"Assumption of the Virgin\"\" in the dome of the Cathedral of Parma, which is Correggio's most famous work (1520–24); in these frescos Correggio treats the entire surface as the vast and frameless vault of heaven in which the figures float. In a visual continuity between the architectural interior and its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5354943", "chunk_text": "\"Santa Maria del Carmine, Florence\"\nand Adam and Eve. Those by mostly Masaccio are The Tribute Money, St Peter Healing with his Shadow, The Crucifixion of St Peter, The Baptism of the Neophytes, and The Expulsion from Paradise. Their treatment of figures in believable space made the frescoes among the most important to have come out of the Early Renaissance. The cycle was finished by Filippino Lippi. The elaborated Italian Rococo ceiling is from one of the most important 18th century artists in the city, Giovanni Domenico Ferretti. The Corsini, one of the richest families in Florence during the 17th–18th centuries, had this chapel built", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13277264", "chunk_text": "\"Sistine Chapel ceiling\"\nJulius who began the rebuilding of St. Peter's Basilica in 1506, as the most potent symbol of the source of papal power. In the same year 1506, Pope Julius conceived a program to paint the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel. The walls of the chapel had been decorated twenty years earlier. The lowest of three levels is painted to resemble draped hangings and was (and sometimes still is) hung on special occasions with the set of tapestries designed by Raphael. The middle level contains a complex scheme of frescoes illustrating the \"\"Life of Christ\"\" on the right side and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15136908", "chunk_text": "\"Vincenzo Meucci\"\nVincenzo Meucci Vincenzo Meucci (1694–1766) was an Italian painter of the late-Baroque period. Born in Florence. He was a pupil first of the painter Sebastiano Galeotti, then of Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole in Bologna. He was patronized by the Marchese Giovan Battista Salimbeni of Siena, as well as the cardinals Alessandro Chigi Zondadari and Neri Corsini. His masterpiece was a commission by Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, the last Medici resident of the Pitti Palace, who contracted him to fresco the cupola of the Basilica di San Lorenzo di Firenze with the \"\"Glory of Florentine Saints\"\" (1742). Among his pupils", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18261176", "chunk_text": "\"Florence Cathedral\"\nin 1574. Federico Zuccari and a number of collaborators, such as Domenico Cresti, finished the other portions: (from top to bottom) \"\"Choirs of Angels\"\"; \"\"Christ, Mary and Saints\"\"; \"\"Virtues, Gifts of the Holy Spirit and Beatitudes\"\"; and at the bottom of the cupola: \"\"Capital Sins and Hell\"\". These frescoes are considered Zuccari's greatest work. But the quality of the work is uneven because of the input of different artists and the different techniques. Vasari had used \"\"true fresco\"\", while Zuccari had painted \"\"in secco\"\". During the restoration work, which ended in 1995, the entire pictorial cycle of \"\"The Last Judgment\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18365670", "chunk_text": "\"Pietro da Cortona\"\nPietro da Cortona Pietro da Cortona (1 November 1596/716 May 1669) was an Italian Baroque painter and architect. Along with his contemporaries and rivals Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Francesco Borromini, he was one of the key figures in the emergence of Roman Baroque architecture. He was also an important designer of interior decorations. He was born Pietro Berrettini, but is primarily known by the name of his native town of Cortona in Tuscany. He worked mainly in Rome and Florence. He is best known for his frescoed ceilings such as the vault of the \"\"salone\"\" or main salon of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12035713", "chunk_text": "\"Italian Renaissance painting\"\n\"\"Allegory of the Active and Triumphant Church\"\" is remarkable for its depiction of Florence Cathedral, complete with the dome which was not built until the following century. During the later 14th century, International Gothic was the style that dominated Tuscan painting. It can be seen to an extent in the work of Pietro and Ambrogio Lorenzetti, which is marked by a formalized sweetness and grace in the figures, and Late Gothic gracefulness in the draperies. The style is fully developed in the works of Simone Martini and Gentile da Fabriano, which have an elegance and a richness of detail, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3388792", "chunk_text": "Spirituali\nSpirituali The Spirituali were members of a reform movement within the Roman Catholic Church, which existed from the 1530s to the 1560s. The movement is sometimes also called evangelism. The ranks of the Spirituali included Cardinal Gasparo Contarini (1483–1542), Cardinal Jacopo Sadoleto (1477–1547), Cardinal Reginald Pole (1500–1558), Italian poet Vittoria Colonna, and her friend, the artist Michelangelo (1475–1564), who painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and the very controversial \"\"Last Judgement\"\". These \"\"Italian evangelicals\"\" proposed to reform the Church through a spiritual renewal and internalization of faith by each individual, viewing the intense study of scripture and justification by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4025641", "chunk_text": "\"Pietro Baldancoli\"\nPietro Baldancoli Pietro Baldancoli (December 7, 1834 – 1901) was an Italian painter. He was born in Florence, where he initially studied ornamentation with Vincenzo Saccardi, and at the age of 12 years, he apprenticed with Alessandro Maffei at the Academy of Fine Arts of Florence. At the age of 14, his right arm was amputated during a hunting accident. He then began to paint with his left arm, and by eighteen years of age, began to paint ceiling decorations. He studied figure painting with Paolo Sarti. In 1857, Baldancoli moved to Livorno to paint various ceilings in the Palazzi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9881372", "chunk_text": "\"Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes\"\nand by the painting of the \"\"Last Judgment\"\", commissioned by Pope Clement VII and completed in 1541, again by Michelangelo. The tapestries on the lowest tier, today best known from the Raphael Cartoons (painted designs) of 1515–16, completed the ensemble. Together the paintings make up the greatest pictorial scheme of the Renaissance. Individually, some of Michelangelo's paintings on the ceiling are among the most notable works of western art ever created. The frescoes of the Sistine Chapel and in particular the ceiling and accompanying lunettes by Michelangelo have been subject to a number of restorations, the most recent taking place", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18611896", "chunk_text": "\"Filippo Brunelleschi\"\nFilippo Brunelleschi Filippo Brunelleschi (; 1377 – April 15, 1446) was an Italian designer and a key figure in architecture, recognised to be the first modern engineer, planner and sole construction supervisor. He was one of the founding fathers of the Renaissance. He is generally well known for developing a technique for linear perspective in art and for building the dome of the Florence Cathedral. Heavily dependent on mirrors and geometry, to \"\"reinforce Christian spiritual reality\"\", his formulation of linear perspective governed pictorial depiction of space until the late 19th century. It also had the most profound – and quite", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20280353", "chunk_text": "Cangiante\n(for example, mixing the original hue with black or brown), but these can render the shadow color dull and impure. During the Renaissance, the variety and availability of paint colors were severely limited. The greatest practitioner of the \"\"cangiante\"\" technique was Michelangelo, especially in many parts of the Sistine Chapel ceiling. For example, in the image of the prophet Daniel, a transition from green to yellow is evident in the subject's robes. After Michelangelo's time, the technique found widespread acceptance and is now a standard painting technique. Cangiante According to the theory of the art historian Marcia B. Hall, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "886400", "chunk_text": "\"Francesco Cozza (painter)\"\nFrancesco Cozza (painter) Francesco Cozza (1605 – 13 January 1682) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. Cozza was born in Stilo in Calabria and died in Rome. As a young man, he went to Rome where he was apprenticed to Domenichino, with whom he traveled to Naples in 1634. He is best known for his expansive panegyric ceiling fresco, \"\"Apotheosis of Pamphili House\"\" (1667-1673) in the library of Palazzo Pamphili in Piazza Navona in Rome. During 1658 to 1659, he frescoed the \"\"Stanza del Fuoco\"\" in Palazzo Pamphili in Valmontone, working alongside Pier Francesco Mola, Gaspar Dughet, Mattia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2270088", "chunk_text": "\"Raffaellino del Garbo\"\nRaffaellino del Garbo Raffaellino del Garbo (1466 or perhaps 1476 – 1527) was a Florentine painter of the early Renaissance. His real name was Raffaello Capponi; \"\"del Garbo\"\" was an appellation, bestowed upon him seemingly from the graceful nicety (\"\"garbo\"\") of his earlier works. He has also been called Raffaello de Florentia, and Raffaello de Carolis or \"\"Karli\"\". He was a pupil of Filippino Lippi, with whom he remained till 1490, if not later. He accompanied Filippino to Rome, where he painted the ceiling of the chapel of St. Thomas Aquinas (Caraffa Chapel) in the church of Santa Maria sopra", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15891537", "chunk_text": "Cinquecento\nrendered with credible motion and in an appropriately decorous style. The most famous painters from this time period are Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, and Michelangelo Buonarroti. Their images are among the most widely known works of art in the world. Leonardo's The Last Supper, Raphael's The School of Athens and Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel ceiling are the textbook examples of this period. High Renaissance painting evolved into Mannerism (c. 1520-80), especially in Florence. Mannerist artists, who consciously rebelled against the principles of High Renaissance, tend to represent elongated figures in illogical spaces. Contemporaries criticized this period as seeming artificial. Modern scholarship", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_215	who sings too much time on my hands lyrics?	n/a	[ "Tommy Shaw" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16160108", "chunk_text": "\"Too Much Time on My Hands\"\nToo Much Time on My Hands \"\"Too Much Time on My Hands\"\" is the second single released from Styx's 1981 triple-platinum album \"\"Paradise Theatre\"\". It was written and sung by Tommy Shaw, who also plays the lead guitar solo during the break in the song. The inspiration for its lyrics came from Shaw's experiences in a bar in Niles, Michigan, U.S. It reached No. 9 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, No. 2 on the Top Rock Tracks chart, and No. 4 on the \"\"RPM\"\" Top Singles chart of Canada. The song enjoyed a small revival when \"\"The Tonight Show\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16160109", "chunk_text": "\"Too Much Time on My Hands\"\nhost Jimmy Fallon started talking about the music video after hearing the song on the radio in April 2016. This culminated with the episode on April 29, 2016 when Fallon showed a shot-by-shot reenactment of the video with him and guest Paul Rudd on the show. In this video Fallon plays the part of Dennis DeYoung and Rudd plays Tommy Shaw, with A.D. Miles as James Young, Seth Herzog as John Panozzo, and Gerard Bradford as Chuck Panozzo. Tommy Shaw has commented positively and said he was impressed with Fallon's vocals. Too Much Time on My Hands \"\"Too Much Time", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7022191", "chunk_text": "\"Time on My Hands (song)\"\nTime on My Hands (song) \"\"Time on My Hands\"\" is a popular song with music by Vincent Youmans and lyrics by Harold Adamson and Mack Gordon, published in 1930. Introduced in the musical \"\"Smiles\"\" by Marilyn Miller and Paul Gregory, it is sometimes also co-credited to Reginald Connelly. The song was used in the Marilyn Miller biopic \"\"Look for the Silver Lining\"\" (1949) when it was performed by Gordon MacRae and June Haver at the Broadway rehearsal and during the opening night show. It was also employed in the 1953 film \"\"So This Is Love\"\" when it was sung by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4430470", "chunk_text": "\"Paradise Theatre (album)\"\nStudio with Redbeard\"\" about the making of the album.) Four singles from the album charted, three in the top 10. The lead single \"\"The Best of Times\"\", written by Dennis DeYoung, went to #3 on the Billboard Hot 100. \"\"Too Much Time on My Hands\"\", written by Tommy Shaw, went to #9 on the Billboard Hot 100, Shaw's only top 10 hit for Styx. \"\"Nothing Ever Goes as Planned\"\", written by DeYoung, went to #54 on the US Pop Chart. \"\"Rockin' the Paradise\"\" — written by DeYoung, Shaw and James Young — went to #8 on the Top Rock Track", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7022192", "chunk_text": "\"Time on My Hands (song)\"\nKathryn Grayson. \"\"Who Wrote That Song?\"\" by Dick Jacobs and Harriet Jacobs. Published \"\"Writers Digest Books\"\" Time on My Hands (song) \"\"Time on My Hands\"\" is a popular song with music by Vincent Youmans and lyrics by Harold Adamson and Mack Gordon, published in 1930. Introduced in the musical \"\"Smiles\"\" by Marilyn Miller and Paul Gregory, it is sometimes also co-credited to Reginald Connelly. The song was used in the Marilyn Miller biopic \"\"Look for the Silver Lining\"\" (1949) when it was performed by Gordon MacRae and June Haver at the Broadway rehearsal and during the opening night show. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3191355", "chunk_text": "\"Dennis DeYoung\"\nstart of Styx's commercial success with the 1972 DeYoung-penned single \"\"Lady\"\", DeYoung became the creative force behind most of the band's hit songs. DeYoung wrote and sang lead on six of the band's seven top 10 \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100-ranked hits during this period, with Tommy Shaw's \"\"Too Much Time on My Hands\"\" (#9) being the sole exception. The seven DeYoung penned-and-performed Top 10 Billboard hits, in order of their peak chart placement: A self-taught keyboardist, DeYoung quickly became one of the most notable keyboard players in rock. Featured on the cover of the January 1981 issue of \"\"Contemporary Keyboard\"\" magazine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5231695", "chunk_text": "\"Ring on Her Finger, Time on Her Hands\"\nRing on Her Finger, Time on Her Hands \"\"Ring on Her Finger, Time on Her Hands\"\" is a song written by Don Goodman, Pam Rose and Mary Ann Kennedy and first recorded by American country music artist Lee Greenwood. It was released in February 1982 as the second single from his album \"\"Inside Out\"\". Greenwood's version peaked at number 5 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles chart. A cover was released by Reba McEntire in November 1995 as the second single from her album \"\"Starting Over\"\". McEntire's version reached number 9 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20294416", "chunk_text": "\"Hands of a Working Man\"\nHands of a Working Man \"\"Hands of a Working Man\"\" is a song written by D. Vincent Williams and Jim Collins, and recorded by American country music artist Ty Herndon. It was released in January 1999 as the third single from his album, \"\"Big Hopes\"\". The song reached number 5 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in May 1999, and was Herndon's last Top Ten country hit. The lyric paints a vivid picture of a working man who punches a time clock to pay for braces and other family necessities. He may get tired and frustrated, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5231698", "chunk_text": "\"Ring on Her Finger, Time on Her Hands\"\na female's perspective. Ring on Her Finger, Time on Her Hands \"\"Ring on Her Finger, Time on Her Hands\"\" is a song written by Don Goodman, Pam Rose and Mary Ann Kennedy and first recorded by American country music artist Lee Greenwood. It was released in February 1982 as the second single from his album \"\"Inside Out\"\". Greenwood's version peaked at number 5 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles chart. A cover was released by Reba McEntire in November 1995 as the second single from her album \"\"Starting Over\"\". McEntire's version reached number 9 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10531071", "chunk_text": "\"Styx (band)\"\nPhilippines in 1981. In January 1981, Styx released \"\"Paradise Theatre\"\", a concept album that became their biggest hit, reaching No. 1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" pop albums chart and yielding five singles, including the top ten hits \"\"The Best of Times\"\" by DeYoung (#3) and \"\"Too Much Time on My Hands\"\" by Shaw (#9). \"\"Paradise Theatre\"\" became the band's fourth consecutive multi-platinum album. The band was accused by a California religious group and later the Parents Music Resource Center of backmasking Satanic messages in their anti-cocaine anthem, \"\"Snowblind\"\". James Young has denied this charge during his introduction for \"\"Snowblind\"\" when played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14575494", "chunk_text": "\"And Those We've Left Behind\"\nat Northwestern University, where Rosemont had met with executive producer Jeff Pinkner. Pinkner asked Rosemont if her husband would be interested in guest starring on a \"\"Fringe\"\" episode; Rosemont quickly affirmed he would, but only if she was also asked to participate. When Walter leaves Olivia and Peter behind in the lab, you can hear the song \"\"No Time\"\" by The Guess Who playing in his room. While Peter and Olivia theorize in the lab, Walter listens on his headphones to the song \"\"Too Much Time on My Hands\"\" by American rock band Styx. Walter references the Marvel Comics superhero", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19267673", "chunk_text": "\"Got the Time\"\nGot the Time \"\"Got the Time\"\" is a song written and performed by the British new wave musician Joe Jackson, appearing as the closing track on his 1979 debut album, \"\"Look Sharp!\"\". The song has since been performed frequently in live concerts by Jackson. The song was covered in 1990 by thrash metal band Anthrax. In a live performance at \"\"Rock Goes to College\"\", Jackson dedicated the song to \"\"anyone out there who leads a hectic life.\"\" In the lyrics of the song, Jackson sings of a frantic lifestyle where he is constantly being encountered by new obligations and duties.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18704898", "chunk_text": "\"Got the Time\"\nis, Thanks for the royalties, guys.\"\" Got the Time \"\"Got the Time\"\" is a song written and performed by the British new wave musician Joe Jackson, appearing as the closing track on his 1979 debut album, \"\"Look Sharp!\"\". The song has since been performed frequently in live concerts by Jackson. The song was covered in 1990 by thrash metal band Anthrax. In a live performance at \"\"Rock Goes to College\"\", Jackson dedicated the song to \"\"anyone out there who leads a hectic life.\"\" In the lyrics of the song, Jackson sings of a frantic lifestyle where he is constantly being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8794773", "chunk_text": "\"Too Busy Being in Love\"\nToo Busy Being in Love \"\"Too Busy Being in Love\"\" is a song written by Victoria Shaw and Gary Burr, and recorded by American country music singer Doug Stone. It was released in October 1992 as the second single from the album \"\"From the Heart\"\". The song reached the top of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and on The Canadian RPM Tracks chart. In this song, the narrator says he could probably give his woman everything and write a poem better than Shakespeare, but that he was \"\"Too Busy Being in Love\"\" with her to do so.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20862829", "chunk_text": "\"Too Much, Too Young, Too Fast\"\nToo Much, Too Young, Too Fast \"\"Too Much, Too Young, Too Fast\"\" is the 2nd single from \"\"Runnin' Wild\"\" by the Australian hard rock band Airbourne. It is one of the band's most famous songs. The lyrics focus on the singer's dissatisfaction with the state of modern society. The song likens bankers to \"\"street gangs and mad men\"\" and their business manoeuvres to \"\"private wars\"\", and continues by criticising \"\"the eye in the sky\"\" (personal surveillance), specifically facial recognition, and the paranoia that this then causes. In the chorus, the singer affirms that \"\"if it's the end of days, I'm", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1301369", "chunk_text": "\"Too Much, Too Little, Too Late\"\nToo Much, Too Little, Too Late \"\"Too Much, Too Little, Too Late\"\" is a song performed by singers Johnny Mathis and Deniece Williams. Lyrics and music are arranged by Nat Kipner and John Vallins. The single was a comeback of sorts for Mathis, as it was his first chart-topping hit in the US since 1957's \"\"Chances Are\"\". Released as a single in 1978, it reached number 1 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 pop chart, Adult Contemporary chart, and R&B chart. Outside the U.S., the song peaked at number nine on the Canadian Singles Chart and number three on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4390506", "chunk_text": "\"John Vallins\"\nJohn Vallins John Vallins (Born 19 January 1950) is an Australian Gold and Platinum award winning songwriter/musician best known for his 1970s song “Too Much, Too Little, Too Late”. One of only a handful of Australian songwriters ever to make No 1 on the American Billboard Chart, the song reached the top position in May 1978 sung as a duet by Johnny Mathis and Deniece Williams. It was top ten in both Canada and the UK and certified Gold by the R.I.A.A and the BPI. It was also covered by English band Silver Sun in 1998 and reached number 20", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13262079", "chunk_text": "\"Get Right\"\nhim that \"\"before the night is up we can get right\"\" during the song's chorus. She later states \"\"I'm about to fill your cup/So we can get it right\"\". In the bridge of \"\"Get Right\"\", the lyrics are identical to Usher's \"\"Ride\"\". Lopez sings, \"\"So much we've got to say, but so little time/ And if tonight ain't long enough, don't leave love behind/ (Don't leave this man behind)/ Baby, take my hand\"\". On the song's remix, American rapper Fabolous is featured. His lyrics include \"\"I ain't Mr. Right, I'm Mr. Right Now\"\". CBBC Newsound collected public reviews of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18961172", "chunk_text": "\"Troppo tempo\"\nTroppo tempo Troppo Tempo (literally \"\"Too Much Time\"\" in English) is a song recorded by Italian singer Laura Pausini, for her eleventh studio album, \"\"Inedito\"\". It was supposed to be the sixth and last single promoting the album, but when Pausini discovered that she was pregnant, she changed her mind to \"\"\"\"Celeste\"\"\"\", included on the same album. The song features a guitar solo and vocals in the chorus provided by also-Italian singer Ivano Fossati. The song was written by Ivano Fossati. A Spanish-language version, titled \"\"Hace tiempo\"\" was recorded and included on the Spanish version of \"\"\"\"Inedito\"\"\"\", \"\"\"\"Inédito\"\"\"\". It was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11201103", "chunk_text": "\"No Time for It\"\nNo Time for It \"\"No Time for It\"\" is a song recorded by the American singer Fantasia for her fifth studio album, \"\"The Definition Of...\"\" (2016). It was released on January 7, 2016, as the album's lead single. Brian Kennedy produced the track and co-wrote it along with Paris Jones and Lance Eric Shipp. With a synths, snares and organ backing, the mid-tempo song's lyrics center on blocking out drama and negativity in favor of professional and financial success. Fantasia described it as a continuation of the \"\"rock soul\"\" sound she introduced on her previous album, \"\"Side Effects of You\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19890510", "chunk_text": "\"Ruth-Anne Cunningham\"\nRuth-Anne Cunningham Ruth-Anne Cunningham (born 2 April 1988) is an Irish singer-songwriter. She is best known for co-writing \"\"Too Little Too Late,\"\" performed by the American singer JoJo, \"\"In the Name of Love\"\" performed by Martin Garrix and Bebe Rexha, \"\"Work Bitch\"\" performed by Britney Spears, \"\"Slow Hands\"\" performed by Niall Horan, \"\"Where Do Broken Hearts Go\"\", \"\"No Control\"\" performed by One Direction and \"\"Beautiful World\"\" performed by Westlife. She also wrote and vocally features on the Fifty Shades Darker soundtrack with her song \"\"Pray.\"\" She also has uncredited vocals for the Avicii song, \"\"All You Need is Love\"\", in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20082799", "chunk_text": "\"Too Much (Zayn song)\"\nToo Much (Zayn song) \"\"Too Much\"\" is a song by English singer and songwriter Zayn featuring American rapper Timbaland. The song was released as the fourth single from Zayn's second studio album, \"\"Icarus Falls\"\" (2018), on 2 August 2018. The song is written by Zayn Malik, Angel Lopez, Timothy Mosley and Federico Vindver, with the production handled by Timbaland, Lopez and Vindver. On 7 April 2018, Timbaland teased the song when he posted on his Instagram account that he was working with Malik on a song. On 30 July, Malik posted on his Twitter a 15-second animated gif with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3267311", "chunk_text": "\"Rest Your Love on Me\"\nRest Your Love on Me \"\"Rest Your Love on Me\"\" is a country ballad performed by the Bee Gees written and sung by Barry Gibb. It was the B-side of the US No. 1 hit \"\"Too Much Heaven\"\". \"\"Rest Your Love on Me\"\" was written by Barry Gibb in 1976 and recorded it in May 2 on the \"\"Children of the World\"\" sessions. Stephen Stills played bass on its original demo. It was not used until \"\"Too Much Heaven\"\" was released, as \"\"Rest Your Love on Me\"\" was chosen as the B-side. As a country song, it did not fit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18961174", "chunk_text": "\"Troppo tempo\"\nchannel. They are also included on the DVD \"\"Inedito Special Edition\"\". Troppo tempo Troppo Tempo (literally \"\"Too Much Time\"\" in English) is a song recorded by Italian singer Laura Pausini, for her eleventh studio album, \"\"Inedito\"\". It was supposed to be the sixth and last single promoting the album, but when Pausini discovered that she was pregnant, she changed her mind to \"\"\"\"Celeste\"\"\"\", included on the same album. The song features a guitar solo and vocals in the chorus provided by also-Italian singer Ivano Fossati. The song was written by Ivano Fossati. A Spanish-language version, titled \"\"Hace tiempo\"\" was recorded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2789325", "chunk_text": "\"The Night's Too Long\"\nThe Night's Too Long \"\"The Night's Too Long\"\" is a song written by Lucinda Williams, and originally recorded by her 1988 self-titled album. It was recorded by American country music artist Patty Loveless. It was released in September 1990 as the second single from her album \"\"On Down the Line\"\". The song is about a restless young woman decides to move from her small town to the big city, where she can take in the nightlife and meet the man of her dreams. The first part of the song has her sacrificing to set up her move, which takes place", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16398716", "chunk_text": "\"Keith Barnhart\"\nmusician for many other commercial productions. In 1992 Barnhart began composing for music libraries, most notably Aircraft that used his works in hundreds of different productions. His composing skills were utilized on the feature film bonus material for the movie Tooth Fairy. His songwriting highlight was his co-writing of the hit single \"\"Seems Your Much Too Busy\"\" with R&B singer Angie Stone for her band Vertical Hold, which topped the Billboard R&B aired single chart. He penned a single in Canada for Marie Denise Pelletier, and three songs for Lebanese superstar Lydia Canaan. Earlier this decade Plex was invited to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5257776", "chunk_text": "\"One Too Many Mornings\"\nOne Too Many Mornings \"\"One Too Many Mornings\"\" is a song by Bob Dylan, released on his third studio album \"\"The Times They Are a-Changin'\"\" in 1964. The chords and vocal melody are in some places very similar to the song \"\"The Times They Are A-Changin'\"\". \"\"One Too Many Mornings\"\" is in the key of C Major and is fingerpicked. In addition to featuring the song on \"\"The Times They Are a-Changin\"\"', Dylan subsequently performed \"\"One Too Many Mornings\"\" in electric arrangements -- notably during his 1966 world tour and in 1976 during his second Rolling Thunder Revue tour. Dylan's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4143342", "chunk_text": "\"Long, Long Time\"\nTime\"\" as part of her musical set. The Nancy Wade character was played by actress Jesse Welles. The episode aired on March 7, 1975. The song appears in the 2018 movie Hot Summer Nights. Long, Long Time \"\"Long, Long Time\"\" is a song written by Gary White. The song was a hit for Linda Ronstadt in 1970. In 1970, Linda Ronstadt released the song as a single and on the album \"\"Silk Purse\"\". The single spent 12 weeks on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart, peaking at No. 25, while reaching No. 15 on Canada's \"\"\"\"RPM\"\" 100\"\", No. 8 on Canada's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7316555", "chunk_text": "\"My Hands\"\nby Manny Marroquin at Larrabee Studios in Universal City, California; he was assisted in the process by Christian Plata and Erik Madrid. Stephem Simmonds contributed background vocals. Lasting for a duration of , \"\"My Hands\"\" is a song about \"\"life after the end of a relationship.\"\" It is composed in the key of D major using common time and is 80 beats per minute. Andy Gill for \"\"The Independent\"\" listed it as one of the top four tracks to download from \"\"Echo\"\", along with \"\"Happy\"\", \"\"Lost Then Found\"\" and \"\"Brave\"\". A reviewer for CBBC's \"\"Newsround\"\" labelled the song, along with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16216093", "chunk_text": "\"Too Much, Too Little, Too Late\"\n\"\"Too Much, Too Little, Too Late\"\" and released by Sony Music in 1995, featured the title track among other songs by the Mathis/Williams duo. English power pop band Silver Sun recorded a cover of \"\"Too Much, Too Little, Too Late\"\" for their album \"\"Neo Wave\"\". It was also released as a single, reaching number 20 in the UK Singles Chart in 1998. Too Much, Too Little, Too Late \"\"Too Much, Too Little, Too Late\"\" is a song performed by singers Johnny Mathis and Deniece Williams. Lyrics and music are arranged by Nat Kipner and John Vallins. The single was a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19287684", "chunk_text": "\"I Ain't Got Time to Tarry\"\nI Ain't Got Time to Tarry \"\"I Ain't Got Time to Tarry\"\", also known as \"\"The Land of Freedom\"\", is an American song written by blackface minstrel composer Dan Emmett. It premiered in a minstrel show performance by Bryant's Minstrels in late November 1858. The song was published in New York City in 1859. The lyrics tell of a black man in the Northern United States who is homesick for the South. He decides to return to the South, as illustrated in the chorus: The pining ex-slave scenario was a common idiom of blackface minstrelsy during the 1850s. Emmett would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3953071", "chunk_text": "\"Shea Seger\"\nTime\"\". Her next track, \"\"Clutch\"\", peaked at number 47 in the UK Singles Chart in May 2001. The third single from the album was \"\"I Love You Too Much\"\". She contributed two tracks to the soundtrack of the film \"\"Railed\"\" (2008); written and directed by Ryan Fox. The tracks were \"\"Hourglass\"\" and \"\"Surrender\"\". On July 19, 2010, Seger released her self-titled second album through the independent record label, Truthcore. Shea Seger Shea Seger (born 1979) is an American singer-songwriter born in Fort Worth, Texas. Her sound has been likened to a combination of Janis Joplin, Sheryl Crow, Ani DiFranco and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15580239", "chunk_text": "\"You Had Time\"\nYou Had Time \"\"You Had Time\"\" is a song written and recorded by American songwriter Ani DiFranco from her 1994 album \"\"Out of Range\"\". The song, which was one of her more critically lauded from the album, describes the complicated emotions associated with the breakup of a long-term relationship. The album recording begins with an acoustic piano solo of more than two minutes, before breaking into the song itself. Writer and occasional music journalist Nick Hornby featured the song in his work \"\"31 Songs\"\" (also known as \"\"Songbook\"\"), in which he discussed his thoughts on a number of his favourite", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8920362", "chunk_text": "\"Too Much (Blondie song)\"\nToo Much (Blondie song) \"\"Too Much\"\" is a song by the American rock band Blondie, written by Matthew Katz-Bohen and Laurel Katz-Bohen. It was released as the third single from their eleventh studio album \"\"Pollinator\"\" on June 12, 2017 in European countries as a CD single, as well as a digital download. Two versions of the single exist, the full-length album version released as a single in Europe, as well as a radio edit released to radio in America as well. The song was recorded in 2016, and was one of the first songs recorded for \"\"Pollinator\"\". Lyrically, it is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4465708", "chunk_text": "\"Time Is on My Side\"\nTime Is on My Side \"\"Time Is on My Side\"\" is a song written by Jerry Ragovoy (using the pseudonym \"\"Norman Meade\"\"). First recorded by jazz trombonist Kai Winding and his Orchestra in 1963, it was covered (with additional lyrics by Jimmy Norman) by both soul singer Irma Thomas and the Rolling Stones in 1964. Winding session arranger Garry Sherman contacted friend and colleague Ragovoy after Kai had expressed an interest in going in a more commercial and rhythmic direction (in gratitude for the gig Ragovoy granted Sherman 50% of the publishing rights, which he kept until an expensive divorce", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3267314", "chunk_text": "\"Rest Your Love on Me\"\nwent to number one for one week and spent a total of 10 weeks within the Top 40. Rest Your Love on Me \"\"Rest Your Love on Me\"\" is a country ballad performed by the Bee Gees written and sung by Barry Gibb. It was the B-side of the US No. 1 hit \"\"Too Much Heaven\"\". \"\"Rest Your Love on Me\"\" was written by Barry Gibb in 1976 and recorded it in May 2 on the \"\"Children of the World\"\" sessions. Stephen Stills played bass on its original demo. It was not used until \"\"Too Much Heaven\"\" was released, as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7848807", "chunk_text": "\"She Didn't Have Time\"\nShe Didn't Have Time \"\"She Didn't Have Time\"\" is a song written by Pat Bunch and Nicole Witt, and recorded by Canadian country music artist Terri Clark. It was released in July 2005 as the lead-off single from her album \"\"Life Goes On\"\". The song was Clark's fourteenth Top 20 hit on the Canadian country charts, reaching a peak of number 15. \"\"She Didn't Have Time\"\" is a mid-tempo country ballad, backed primarily with steel guitar and fiddle. The song describes a narrator's struggles of being left to care for her baby after the man in her life walks out.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19151667", "chunk_text": "\"My Hands\"\nMy Hands \"\"My Hands\"\" is a song recorded by British singer-songwriter Leona Lewis for her second studio album \"\"Echo\"\" (2009). It was written by Arnthor Birgisson and Ina Wroldsen and produced by the former. Alongside Birgisson, Lewis was involved with the song's vocal production. Lyrically, it is about life after the end of a relationship. The strings were performed by Urban Soul Orchestra, who were led by Simon Fischer. \"\"My Hands\"\" was selected as the official theme song for the English version of the video game \"\"Final Fantasy XIII\"\". Lewis decided to accept the offer of her track being used", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18871830", "chunk_text": "\"Careless Hands\"\nCareless Hands \"\"Careless Hands\"\" is a popular song written by Carl Sigman and Bob Hilliard, and first recorded in 1948. The song was originally recorded by Sammy Kaye with vocals by Don Cornell, and then recorded in 1949 by Mel Tormé, whose version reached no.1 on the US pop chart and became Tormé's first major success. It was also recorded by many other singers including Bing Crosby (recorded March 22, 1949) and Al Martino. There were no less than four charted versions in 1949, Mel Tormé (#1), Sammy Kaye (#3), Bing Crosby (#12) and Bob & Jeanne (#21). In the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1732554", "chunk_text": "\"No Time for It\"\nher biting lyrics. Idolator's Mike Wass described the song as a \"\"catchy mid-tempo anthem\"\" and its lyrics, such as \"\"Bitch, no time for the haters tripping\"\", as exemplifying that \"\"Fantasia has always been the realest\"\". According to \"\"Time\"\" Maura Johnston, the song's lyrics are a \"\"kiss-off\"\" and \"\"a salvo aimed right at any gossipmongers who fill their hours with loose talk\"\". Ariana Gordon wrote on the Music Times website that the lyrics reflected Fantasia's attempt to move beyond her past struggles (her attempted suicide, an affair with a married man, a home foreclosure, and toxic relationships with family members) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3240439", "chunk_text": "\"Turn Back the Hands of Time\"\nTurn Back the Hands of Time \"\"Turn Back the Hands of Time\"\" is a song recorded by American R&B singer Tyrone Davis. The song was co-written by Jack Daniels and Bonnie Thompson and produced by Willie Henderson. Daniels and Thompson wrote \"\"Turn Back the Hands of Time\"\" based on the relationship problems that Daniels was having at the time. Daniels had co-written Davis's 1968 hit \"\"Can I Change My Mind\"\" and the recording session for \"\"Turn Back the Hands of Time\"\" included some of the same musicians from \"\"Can I Change My Mind\"\". \"\"Turn Back the Hands of Time\"\" was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "42526", "chunk_text": "\"Hands (Mike Perry song)\"\nprogrammed the track and provided additional vocals with Furner, Tizzard and Preston. Clapping was provided by Furner and Preston while Tizzard played piano. Tizzard and McVey play guitar on the track. The song was performed by The Vamps on their Middle of the Night Tour, alongside Carpenter, who toured together with them as a supporting act. Recording and management Personnel Credits adapted from \"\"Night & Day\"\" and Tidal liner notes. Hands (Mike Perry song) \"\"Hands\"\" is a song by Swedish DJ Mike Perry, featuring British band The Vamps and American singer Sabrina Carpenter. It was released on 19 May 2017", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9368098", "chunk_text": "\"LeRoi Moore\"\nLeRoi Moore LeRoi Holloway Moore (September 7, 1961 – August 19, 2008) was an American saxophonist. He was a founding member of the Dave Matthews Band. Moore often arranged music for songs written by Dave Matthews. Moore also co-wrote many of the band's songs, notably \"\"Too Much\"\" and \"\"Stay (Wasting Time)\"\". Moore was born September 7, 1961, in Durham, North Carolina, to Roxie Holloway Moore and Albert P. Moore. Raised in Virginia, he attended college at James Madison University studying tenor saxophone, and later became an accomplished jazz musician in Charlottesville, Virginia, playing with artists such as John D'earth and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1128335", "chunk_text": "\"Morris Day\"\nthe \"\"Ass, Gas, or Cash\"\" album. This song was essentially a direct sampling of a similarly named \"\"Gigolos Get Lonely Too\"\", recorded by The Time in the 80s. A song called \"\"Morris Day\"\" appears on the album \"\"\"\" by the hip-hop group Felt. Mentioned in Dirt Nasty's song \"\"1980\"\". Mentioned in Kid Rock's 2000 hit \"\"Wasting Time\"\", \"\"\"\"On the line I got more time than Morris Day\"\"\"\". Australian musician Dave Graney repeats a Morris Day quote—\"\"As a concept—incredible! But I’m a reality!\"\"—over and over throughout the title song from his 2009 album, 'Knock Yourself Out'. In the movie \"\"Superfly\"\" (2018),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12725520", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Outta Time\"\nthat of The Beatles' \"\"A Day in the Life\"\", which also contains a three octave jump in C major. Liam jokingly claims that it took him nine years to write the song. However, in a different interview Liam Gallagher claimed that he wrote the song \"\"While sitting on the end of my bed\"\". The song features a short speech sample from John Lennon taken from one of his last interviews in 1980. The speech sample says: \"\"As Churchill said, it's every Englishman's inalienable right to live where the hell he likes. What's it going to do, vanish? Is it not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9650559", "chunk_text": "\"Slow Hands (Niall Horan song)\"\nSlow Hands (Niall Horan song) \"\"Slow Hands\"\" is a song recorded by Irish singer and songwriter Niall Horan, released as a single on 4 May 2017 by Capitol Records. The song was written by Horan, Alexander Izquierdo, John Ryan, Julian Bunetta, Ruth Anne Cunningham and Tobias Jesso Jr., while the production was handled by Bunetta. It was serviced to US contemporary hit radio on 9 May 2017 as the second single from Horan's debut solo album \"\"Flicker\"\" (2017). \"\"Slow Hands\"\" peaked at number seven on the UK Singles Chart and number eleven on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, becoming Horan's highest-charting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18437181", "chunk_text": "\"Can't Wait Too Long\"\nCan't Wait Too Long \"\"Can't Wait Too Long\"\" (also known as \"\"Been Way Too Long\"\") is a song written by Brian Wilson for the American rock band the Beach Boys. The song dates from 1967, and remains unfinished by the group. In 2008, a newly recorded \"\"Can't Wait Too Long\"\" was released for Wilson's solo album \"\"That Lucky Old Sun\"\". The Beach Boys version consists of an elaborate collection of vocal and instrumental tracks comparable to the group's earlier compositions \"\"Good Vibrations\"\" and \"\"Heroes and Villains\"\". It includes a melody line played instrumentally without sung lyrics, a bass line bearing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11735349", "chunk_text": "\"Hands to Myself\"\na relationship affected by drugs and mental health, further manifested in the line, \"\"The doctors say you're no good\"\". Spencer Kornhaber of \"\"The Atlantic\"\" writes that the lyric \"\"you're metaphorical gin-and-juice\"\" \"\"rebukes the idea that Millennials like the 23-year-old Gomez don't get the meaning of 'literal'; is a redundant description given that it's unlikely she'd be singing to an actual cocktail; and is further proof of Long Beach gangsta rap's grand influence\"\". \"\"Hands to Myself\"\" is written in the key of E major with a tempo of 111 beats per minute. The song follows a chord progression of EGmCmB, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18735538", "chunk_text": "\"D. Vincent Williams\"\nD. Vincent Williams David \"\"D.\"\" Vincent Williams (born September 18, 1969 in Houston, Texas) is an American country music singer/songwriter. His songs have been recorded and released by major country recording artists, including “I’m Movin‘ On” by Rascal Flatts, Ty Herndon’s “Hands Of A Working Man” and James Otto’s “Just Got Started Lovin' You.” Williams is a BMI songwriter who has written over 550 songs. Williams lived in Houston until 1980 when his family moved east and settled in Lufkin, Texas. Following high school, Williams spent four years in neighboring Nacogdoches, Texas playing in several bands. One of the most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8794774", "chunk_text": "\"Too Busy Being in Love\"\nThe music video was directed by Michael Merriman and premiered in late 1992. Too Busy Being in Love \"\"Too Busy Being in Love\"\" is a song written by Victoria Shaw and Gary Burr, and recorded by American country music singer Doug Stone. It was released in October 1992 as the second single from the album \"\"From the Heart\"\". The song reached the top of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and on The Canadian RPM Tracks chart. In this song, the narrator says he could probably give his woman everything and write a poem better than Shakespeare, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_216	who has hosted the most fifa world cups?	n/a	[ "Italy", "Germany", "France", "Brazil", "Mexico" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241835", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\ntwo titles each; and England and Spain with one title each. The World Cup is the most prestigious association football tournament in the world, as well as the most widely viewed and followed sporting event in the world, exceeding even the Olympic Games; the cumulative viewership of all matches of the 2006 World Cup was estimated to be 26.29 billion with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the final match, a ninth of the entire population of the planet. 17 countries have hosted the World Cup. Brazil, France, Italy, Germany and Mexico have each hosted twice, while Uruguay, Switzerland, Sweden,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12214425", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\ncountry is now chosen in a vote by FIFA's Congress. This is done under an exhaustive ballot system. The decision is currently made roughly seven years in advance of the tournament, though the hosts for the 2022 tournament were chosen at the same time as those for the 2018 tournament. Only Mexico, Italy, France, Germany (West Germany until shortly after the 1990 World Cup) and Brazil have hosted the event on two occasions. Mexico City's Estadio Azteca and Rio de Janeiro's Maracanã are the only venues ever to have hosted two FIFA World Cup finals. Only the 2002 FIFA World", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241834", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\npreceding three years, to determine which teams qualify for the tournament phase, which is often called the \"\"World Cup Finals\"\". After this, 32 teams, including the automatically qualifying host nation(s), compete in the tournament phase for the title at venues within the host nation(s) over a period of about a month. The 21 World Cup tournaments have been won by eight national teams. Brazil have won five times, and they are the only team to have played in every tournament. The other World Cup winners are Germany and Italy, with four titles each; Argentina, France and inaugural winner Uruguay, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7519421", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nfuture boycotts or controversy, FIFA began a pattern of alternating the hosts between the Americas and Europe, which continued until the 1998 FIFA World Cup. The 2002 FIFA World Cup, hosted jointly by South Korea and Japan, was the first one held in Asia, and the first tournament with multiple hosts. South Africa became the first African nation to host the World Cup in 2010. The 2014 FIFA World Cup was hosted by Brazil, the first held in South America since Argentina 1978, and was the first occasion where consecutive World Cups were held outside Europe. The host country is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11075599", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nplayed the most World Cup matches (109), Germany appeared in the most finals (8), semi-finals (13), quarter-finals (16), while Brazil has appeared in the most World Cups (21), has the most wins (73) and has scored the most goals (229). The two teams have played each other twice in the World Cup, in the 2002 final and in the 2014 semi-final. FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the \"\"\"\" (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7519426", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nsecond round on home soil in 1982. England (1966) won its only title while playing as a host nation. Uruguay (1930), Italy (1934), Argentina (1978) and France (1998) won their first titles as host nations but have gone on to win again, while Germany (1974) won their second title on home soil. Other nations have also been successful when hosting the tournament. Switzerland (quarter-finals 1954), Sweden (runners-up in 1958), Chile (third place in 1962), South Korea (fourth place in 2002), and Mexico (quarter-finals in 1970 and 1986) all have their best results when serving as hosts. So far, South Africa", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5708543", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nbanned in 2002), because there was only one organizing committee per joint bid, unlike Korea–Japan, which had two different organizing committees. Countries that announced their interest included Australia, England, Indonesia, Japan, Qatar, Russia, South Korea, United States, the joint bid of Spain and Portugal and the joint bid of Belgium and Netherlands. The hosts for both World Cups were announced by the FIFA Executive Committee on 2 December 2010. Russia was selected to host the 2018 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time that the World Cup will be hosted in Eastern Europe and making it the biggest country", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241874", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\ntwo gold medals at the 1924 and 1928 Summer Olympics and their two World Cup titles in 1930 and 1950). With five titles, Brazil are the most successful World Cup team and also the only nation to have played in every World Cup (21) to date. Brazil were also the first team to win the World Cup for the third (1970), fourth (1994) and fifth (2002) time. Italy (1934 and 1938) and Brazil (1958 and 1962) are the only nations to have won consecutive titles. West Germany (1982–1990) and Brazil (1994–2002) are the only nations to appear in three consecutive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7519425", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\ntime a World Cup has been shared by three host nations. The 2026 tournament will be the biggest World Cup ever held, with 48 teams playing 80 matches. Sixty matches will take place in the US, including all matches from the quarter-finals onward, while Canada and Mexico will host 10 games each. Six of the eight champions have won one of their titles while playing in their own homeland, the exceptions being Brazil, who finished as runners-up after losing the deciding match on home soil in 1950 and lost their semi-final against Germany in 2014, and Spain, which reached the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241877", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\ncurrently it is the first time with four champions in a row from the same continental confederation. Italy and Brazil successfully defended their titles in 1938 and 1962 respectively, while Italy's triumph in 2006 has been followed by wins for Spain in 2010, Germany in 2014 and France in 2018. Currently, it is also the first time that one of the currently winning continents (Europe) is ahead of the other (South America) by more than one championship. At the end of each World Cup, awards are presented to the players and teams for accomplishments other than their final team positions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5708564", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nthe top four at home. Only South Africa in 2010 managed to not go past the group stage. FIFA World Cup hosts Seventeen countries have been FIFA World Cup hosts in the competition's twenty tournaments since the inaugural World Cup in 1930. The organization at first awarded hosting to countries at meetings of FIFA's congress. The choice of location was controversial in the earliest tournaments, given the three-week boat journey between South America and Europe, the two centers of strength in football at the time. The decision to hold the first cup in Uruguay, for example, led to only four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5708521", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nFIFA World Cup hosts Seventeen countries have been FIFA World Cup hosts in the competition's twenty tournaments since the inaugural World Cup in 1930. The organization at first awarded hosting to countries at meetings of FIFA's congress. The choice of location was controversial in the earliest tournaments, given the three-week boat journey between South America and Europe, the two centers of strength in football at the time. The decision to hold the first cup in Uruguay, for example, led to only four European nations competing. The next two World Cups were both held in Europe. The decision to hold the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241875", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nWorld Cup finals. Germany has made the most top-four finishes (13), medals (12), as well as the most finals (8). To date, the final of the World Cup has only been contested by teams from the UEFA (Europe) and CONMEBOL (South America) confederations. European nations have won twelve titles, while South American have won nine. Only two teams from outside these two continents have ever reached the semi-finals of the competition: United States (North, Central America and Caribbean) in 1930 and South Korea (Asia) in 2002. The best result of an African team is reaching the quarter-finals: Cameroon in 1990,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13551634", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nand beyond are not included. It is widely considered that home advantage is common in the World Cup, with the host team usually performing above average. Of the eight countries that have won the tournament, only Brazil and Spain have not been champions while hosting, and England has their only title as hosts. Further, Sweden got to its only final as hosts of the 1958 tournament, and only the Swedes and Brazilians finished as runner-up in home soil. The host country reached the semi-finals thirteen times in twenty tournaments, and both Chile and South Korea had their only finishes on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11075595", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nin the tournament. There are currently six awards: An \"\"All-Star Team\"\" consisting of the best players of the tournament has also been announced for each tournament since 1998. Three players share the record for playing in the most World Cups; Mexico's Antonio Carbajal (1950–1966) and Rafael Márquez (2002–2018); and Germany's Lothar Matthäus (1982–1998) all played in five tournaments. Matthäus has played the most World Cup matches overall, with 25 appearances. Brazil's Djalma Santos (1954–1962), West Germany's Franz Beckenbauer (1966–1974) and Germany's Philipp Lahm (2006–2014) are the only players to be named to three Finals All-Star Teams. Miroslav Klose of Germany", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12214449", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nCup tournaments. On the other hand, Canada becomes the fifth country to host both the men's and women's World Cups, after Sweden (Men's: 1958/Women's: 1995), United States (Men's: 1994/Women's: 1999, 2003), Germany (Men's: 1974, 2006/Women's: 2011), and France (Men's: 1934, 1998/Women's: 2019). The United States becomes the first country to host both men's and women's World Cup twice each. The bidding process for this World Cup has yet to start. Some early bids for the 2030 FIFA World Cup - the Centennial World Cup - have however been proposed. The first proposed bid has been a collective bid by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5708530", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nduties over Argentina. Results: Three hosts for the 1974, 1978, and 1982 World Cups were chosen in London, England on 6 July 1966 by the FIFA Congress. Spain and West Germany, both facing each other in the running for hosting duties for the 1974 and 1982 World Cups, agreed to give one another a hosting job. Germany withdrew from the 1982 bidding process while Spain withdrew from the 1974 bidding process, essentially guaranteeing each a hosting spot. Mexico, who had won the 1970 hosting bid over Argentina just two years prior, agreed to withdraw and let Argentina take the 1978", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241836", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nChile, England, Argentina, Spain, the United States, Japan and South Korea (jointly), South Africa and Russia have each hosted once. Qatar are planned as hosts of the 2022 finals, and 2026 will be jointly hosted by Canada, the United States and Mexico, which will give Mexico the distinction of being the first country to have hosted games in three finals. The world's first international football match was a challenge match played in Glasgow in 1872 between Scotland and England, which ended in a 0–0 draw. The first international tournament, the inaugural British Home Championship, took place in 1884. As football", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14153342", "chunk_text": "\"South America\"\nBrazil holds the record at the FIFA World Cup with five titles in total. Argentina and Uruguay have two titles each. So far four South American nations have hosted the tournament including the first edition in Uruguay (1930). The other three were Brazil (1950, 2014), Chile (1962), and Argentina (1978). South America is home to the longest running international football tournament; the Copa América, which has been regularly contested since 1916. Uruguay won the Copa América a record 15 times, surpassing hosts Argentina in 2011 to reach 15 titles (they were previously equal at 14 titles each during the 2011", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241881", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nFrance's Didier Deschamps are the only people to date to win the World Cup as both player and head coach. Zagallo won in 1958 and 1962 as a player and in 1970 as head coach. Beckenbauer won in 1974 as captain and in 1990 as head coach, and Deschamps repeated the feat in 2018, after having won in 1998 as captain. Italy's Vittorio Pozzo is the only head coach to ever win two World Cups (1934 and 1938). All World Cup-winning head coaches were natives of the country they coached to victory. Among the national teams, Germany and Brazil have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12214447", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\n2020 as the last in a four-phase process. On 14 October 2016, FIFA said it would accept a tournament-sharing bid by CONCACAF members Canada, Mexico and the United States. On 10 April 2017, Canada, the United States, and Mexico announced their intention to submit a joint bid to co-host, with three-quarters of the games to be played in the U.S., including the final. On 11 August 2017, Morocco officially announced a bid to host. Therefore, the official 2026 FIFA World Cup bids were from two football confederations. The first one was from CONCACAF, which was triple bid by Canada, United", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241833", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nFIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the \"\"\"\" (FIFA), the sport's global governing body. The championship has been awarded every four years since the inaugural tournament in 1930, except in 1942 and 1946 when it was not held because of the Second World War. The current champion is France, which won its second title at the 2018 tournament in Russia. The current format of the competition involves a qualification phase, which currently takes place over the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7519424", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nThe rotation policy was introduced after the controversy surrounding Germany's victory over South Africa in the vote to host the 2006 tournament. However, the policy of continental rotation will not continue beyond 2014, so any country, except those belonging to confederations that hosted the two preceding tournaments, can apply as hosts for World Cups starting from 2018. This is partly to avoid a similar scenario to the bidding process for the 2014 tournament, where Brazil was the only official bidder. The 2026 FIFA World Cup was chosen to be held in the United States, Canada and Mexico, marking the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12214448", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nStates and Mexico, and the second one was from CAF with a bid by Morocco. The host was announced on 13 June 2018 at the 68th FIFA Congress in Moscow, Russia. The United Bid from Canada, Mexico and the United States was selected over the Morocco bid by 134 votes to 65 with 1 selecting neither and 3 abstentions. This will be the first World Cup to be hosted by more than two countries. Mexico becomes the first country to host three men's World Cups and its Estadio Azteca, should selected, will become the first stadium to stage three World", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12214426", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nCup had more than one host, being split between Japan and South Korea. Upon the selection of Canada–Mexico–United States bid for the 2026 FIFA World Cup, the tournament will be the first to be hosted by more than two countries. Mexico becomes the first country to host three men's World Cups and its Estadio Azteca, should it be selected, will become the first stadium to stage three World Cup tournaments. Except 1934, host nations are granted an automatic spot in the World Cup group stages. The first host ever to fail to advance past the first round was South Africa", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5708522", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nsecond of these, the 1938 FIFA World Cup, in France was controversial, as the South American countries had been led to understand that the World Cup would rotate between the two continents. Both Argentina and Uruguay thus boycotted the tournament. The first tournament following World War II, held in Brazil in 1950, had three teams withdraw for either financial problems or disagreements with the organization. To avoid any future boycotts or controversy, FIFA began a pattern of alternation between the Americas and Europe, which continued until the 2002 FIFA World Cup in Asia. The system evolved so that the host", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7725881", "chunk_text": "\"2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids\"\nballot system was used to determine the tournament host. All eligible members of the FIFA Executive Committee had one vote. The candidate country that received the fewest votes in each round was eliminated until a single candidate was chosen by the majority. In the event of a tied vote, FIFA President Sepp Blatter would have had the deciding vote. There are twenty-four members on the Committee, but two of those were suspended due to accusations of selling votes. Eleven bids were submitted in March 2009 covering thirteen nations, with two joint bids: Belgium-Netherlands and Portugal-Spain. Mexico also submitted a bid,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241842", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nFrance, Romania, and Yugoslavia to make the trip. In total, 13 nations took part: seven from South America, four from Europe and two from North America. The first two World Cup matches took place simultaneously on 13 July 1930, and were won by France and the USA, who defeated Mexico 4–1 and Belgium 3–0 respectively. The first goal in World Cup history was scored by Lucien Laurent of France. In the final, Uruguay defeated Argentina 4–2 in front of 93,000 people in Montevideo, and became the first nation to win the World Cup. After the creation of the World Cup,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19657340", "chunk_text": "\"2018 FIFA World Cup\"\nStadium over which would be constructed first. The final choice of host cities was announced on 29 September 2012. The number of cities was further reduced to 11 and number of stadiums to 12 as Krasnodar and Yaroslavl were dropped from the final list. Of the 12 stadiums used for the tournament, 3 (Luzhniki, Yekaterinburg and Sochi) have been extensively renovated and the other 9 stadiums to be used are brand new; $11.8 billion has been spent on hosting the tournament. Sepp Blatter stated in July 2014 that, given the concerns over the completion of venues in Russia, the number", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13716031", "chunk_text": "\"National team appearances in the FIFA World Cup\"\na group stage, with the final 16 progressing to knockout stages to decide the winner. As of the 2018 FIFA World Cup, 79 national teams have competed at the final tournaments. Brazil are the only team to have appeared in all 21 tournaments to date, with Germany having participated in 19, Italy in 18, Argentina in 17 and Mexico in 16. To date, eight nations have won the tournament. The inaugural winners in 1930 were Uruguay; the current champions are France. The most successful nation in the competition are currently Brazil, who have won the cup on five occasions. Five", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13551614", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nas a host. Brazil was the only nation to submit a formal bid when the official bidding procedure for CONMEBOL member associations was opened in December 2006, as by that time, Colombia, Chile and Argentina had already withdrawn, and Venezuela was not allowed to bid. Brazil made the first unopposed bid since the initial selection of the 1986 FIFA World Cup (when Colombia was selected as host, but later withdrew for financial problems). The FIFA Executive Committee confirmed it as the host country on 30 October 2007 by a unanimous decision. Result: 2018 Bids: 2022 Bids: FIFA announced on 29", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6885500", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup Organisers\"\nFIFA World Cup Organisers The following were the presidents of the organising committees of the FIFA World Cup, also the presidents of FIFA and the heads of state of the hosting nation included. Besides being the president of FIFA and the French Football Federation, Jules Rimet was also chairman of the organising committee of the 1938 FIFA World Cup. In addition to organising the World Cup that was played in the United States in 1994, Alan Rothenberg had been the organiser of the 1984 Summer Olympics. The 2002 World Cup, which was played in Korea and Japan, was organised for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5663413", "chunk_text": "\"2018 and 2022 FIFA World Cup bids\"\nthat all games would be played at English grounds. The venues selected on 16 December 2009 to form the bid were: London (three stadiums), Manchester (two stadiums), Birmingham, Bristol, Leeds, Liverpool, Milton Keynes, Newcastle, Nottingham, Plymouth, Sheffield and Sunderland. FIFA officials also expressed interest in an English bid. David Will, a vice-president of FIFA, noted England's World Cup proposal as early as May 2004. Franz Beckenbauer, leader of Germany's successful bid for the 2006 World Cup and a member of FIFA's Executive Committee, twice publicly backed an English bid to host the World Cup, in January and July 2007. FIFA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5708533", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\non 1 July 1992. Only one round of voting was required to have France assume the hosting job over Morocco. Result: Bids: On 31 May 1996, the hosting selection meeting was held in Zürich for the fifth straight time. A joint bid was formed between Japan and South Korea, and the bid was \"\"voted by acclamation\"\", an oral vote without ballots. The first joint bid of the World Cup was approved, edging out Mexico. Results: The 2002 FIFA World Cup was co-hosted in Asia for the first time by South Korea and Japan (the final was held in Japan). Initially,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241845", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nin the match called \"\"Maracanazo\"\" (Portuguese: \"\"Maracanaço\"\"). In the tournaments between 1934 and 1978, 16 teams competed in each tournament, except in 1938, when Austria was absorbed into Germany after qualifying, leaving the tournament with 15 teams, and in 1950, when India, Scotland, and Turkey withdrew, leaving the tournament with 13 teams. Most of the participating nations were from Europe and South America, with a small minority from North America, Africa, Asia, and Oceania. These teams were usually defeated easily by the European and South American teams. Until 1982, the only teams from outside Europe and South America to advance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5708526", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nthe first World Cup coincided with the centennial anniversary of the first Constitution of Uruguay. For that reason, the main stadium built in Montevideo for the World Cup was named Estadio Centenario. Bids: Sweden decided to withdraw before the vote, allowing the only remaining candidate Italy to take the hosting job for the 1934 World Cup. The decision was ratified by the FIFA Congress in Stockholm, Sweden and Zürich, Switzerland on 14 May 1932. The Italian Football Federation accepted the hosting duties on 9 October 1932. Results: Bids: Without any nations withdrawing their bids, the FIFA Congress convened in Berlin,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5708527", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\nGermany on 13 August 1936 to decide the next host. Electing France took only one ballot, as France had more than half of the votes in the first round. Results: Bids for 1942: Cancelled FIFA election of the host for the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939. Bids for 1946: Bid: Brazil, Argentina, and Germany had officially bid for the 1942 World Cup, but the Cup was cancelled after the outbreak of World War II. The 1950 World Cup was originally scheduled for 1949, but the day after Brazil was selected by the FIFA Congress on 26", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3508932", "chunk_text": "\"1982 FIFA World Cup\"\nCup. This was the first World Cup in which teams from all six continental confederations participated in the finals, something that did not happen again until 2006. 17 stadiums in 14 cities hosted the tournament, a record that stood until the 2002 tournament, which was played 20 stadiums in two countries. The most used venue was FC Barcelona's Camp Nou stadium, which hosted five matches, including a semi-final; it was the largest stadium used for this tournament. With Sarrià Stadium also hosting three matches, Barcelona was the Spanish city with the most matches in Espana '82 with eight; Madrid, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7519427", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\n(2010) has been the only host nation to fail to advance beyond the first round. The best-attended single match, shown in the last three columns, has been the final in half of the 20 World Cups . Another match or matches drew more attendance than the final in 1930, 1938, 1958, 1962, 1970–1982, 1990 and 2006. The World Cup was first televised in 1954 and is now the most widely viewed and followed sporting event in the world. The cumulative viewership of all matches of the 2006 World Cup is estimated to be 26.29 billion. 715.1 million individuals watched the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3241876", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nSenegal in 2002 and Ghana in 2010. Only one Oceanian qualifier, Australia in 2006, has advanced to the second round. Brazil, Argentina, Spain and Germany are the only teams to win a World Cup outside their continental confederation; Brazil came out victorious in Europe (1958), North America (1970 and 1994) and Asia (2002). Argentina won a World Cup in North America in 1986, while Spain won in Africa in 2010. In 2014, Germany became the first European team to win in the Americas. Only on five occasions have consecutive World Cups been won by teams from the same continent, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11056709", "chunk_text": "FIFA\nFIFA The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA ; French for 'International Federation of Association Football') is an organization which describes itself as an international governing body of association football, fútsal, and beach soccer. FIFA is responsible for the organization of football's major international tournaments, notably the World Cup which commenced in 1930 and the Women's World Cup which commenced in 1991. FIFA was founded in 1904 to oversee international competition among the national associations of Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, and Switzerland. Headquartered in Zürich, its membership now comprises 211 national associations. Member countries must each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5708544", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup hosts\"\ngeographically to host the World Cup. Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup, making it the first time a World Cup will be held in the Arab World and the second time in Asia since the 2002 tournament in South Korea and Japan. Also, the decision made it the smallest country geographically to host the World Cup. Bids: Under FIFA rules as of 2016, the 2026 Cup could not be in either Europe (UEFA) or Asia (AFC), leaving an African (CAF) bid, a North American (CONCACAF) bid, a South American (CONMEBOL) bid or an Oceanian (OFC) bid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13027898", "chunk_text": "\"History of the FIFA World Cup\"\nHistory of the FIFA World Cup The FIFA World Cup was first held in 1930, when FIFA, the world's football governing body, decided to stage an international men’s football tournament under the era of FIFA president Jules Rimet who put this idea into place. The inaugural edition, held in 1930, was contested as a final tournament of only thirteen teams invited by the organization. Since then, the World Cup has experienced successive expansions and format remodeling, with its current 32-team final tournament preceded by a two-year qualifying process, involving over 200 teams from around the world. The first official international", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18809271", "chunk_text": "\"2018 FIFA World Cup\"\nAs such, there were eventually four bids for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, two of which were joint bids: England, Russia, Netherlands/Belgium, and Portugal/Spain. The 22-member FIFA Executive Committee convened in Zürich on 2 December 2010 to vote to select the hosts of both tournaments. Russia won the right to be the 2018 host in the second round of voting. The Portugal/Spain bid came second, and that from Belgium/Netherlands third. England, which was bidding to host its second tournament, was eliminated in the first round. The voting results were as follows: The English Football Association and others raised concerns of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7519400", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nout of the first round were: USA, semi-finalists in 1930; Cuba, quarter-finalists in 1938; North Korea, quarter-finalists in 1966; and Mexico, quarter-finalists in 1970. The tournament was expanded to 24 teams in 1982, and then to 32 in 1998, also allowing more teams from Africa, Asia and North America to take part. Since then, teams from these regions have enjoyed more success, with several having reached the quarter-finals: Mexico, quarter-finalists in 1986; Cameroon, quarter-finalists in 1990; South Korea, finishing in fourth place in 2002; Senegal, along with USA, both quarter-finalists in 2002; Ghana, quarter-finalists in 2010; and Costa Rica, quarter-finalists", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10180755", "chunk_text": "\"2026 FIFA World Cup bids\"\nthe second hosted by more than one country—the other having been the 2002 tournament, hosted by South Korea and Japan. Upon this selection, each country made hosting records of their own. Canada becomes the fifth country to host both men's and women's World Cup—the latter having been in 2015; Mexico becomes the first country to host the men's World Cup three times—having done so previously in 1970 and 1986; and the United States becomes the first country to host both men's and women's World Cup twice—having hosted the 1994 men's and the 1999 and 2003 women's World Cups. The FIFA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10437326", "chunk_text": "\"2014 FIFA World Cup bids\"\nbe narrowed down to meet FIFA's requirement that no more than one host city feature two host stadiums. It may also include new stadiums to be built in the next years. Brazil hosted the 1950 World Cup and has hosted the Copa América four times (1919, 1922, 1949, and 1989). Colombia formally declared its candidacy on 18 December 2006, and withdrew it on 11 April 2007. The president of Colombia, Álvaro Uribe, had initially announced on 15 July 2006 that Colombia would submit a bid. During his speech at the opening ceremony of the 2006 Central American and Caribbean Games,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9728140", "chunk_text": "\"2014 FIFA World Cup\"\nof 64 matches were played in 12 venues located in as many host cities across Brazil. For the first time at a World Cup finals, match officials used goal-line technology, as well as vanishing spray for free kicks. FIFA Fan Fests in each host city gathered a total of 5 million people, and the country received 1 million visitors from 202 countries. Every World Cup-winning team since the first tournament in 1930 – Argentina, Brazil, England, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Uruguay – qualified for this tournament. Spain, the title holders, were eliminated at the group stage, along with England", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11075597", "chunk_text": "\"FIFA World Cup\"\nhave won three World Cup winners' medals (1958, 1962, and 1970, although he did not play in the 1962 final due to injury), with 20 other players who have won two winners' medals. Seven players have collected all three types of World Cup medals (winners', runner- ups', and third-place); five players were from West Germany's squad of 1966–1974 including Franz Beckenbauer, Jürgen Grabowski, Horst-Dieter Höttges, Sepp Maier and Wolfgang Overath (1966–1974), Italy's Franco Baresi (1982, 1990, 1994) and the most recent has been Miroslav Klose of Germany (2002–2014) with four consecutive medals. Brazil's Mário Zagallo, West Germany's Franz Beckenbauer and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6153831", "chunk_text": "\"North, Central American and Caribbean nations at the FIFA World Cup\"\n4–1 by Czechoslovakia. At the ranking remained the 12 place. The 1994 FIFA World Cup was held in nine cities across the United States. The United States was chosen as the host by FIFA on 4 July 1988. Average attendance was 69,000, a record which still stands today (no other FIFA World Cup has exceeded 53,000 average attendance). The total attendance of nearly 3.6 million for the final tournament remains the highest in World Cup history, despite the expansion of the competition from 24 to 32 teams (and from 52 to 64 matches) in the 1998 World Cup. A total", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_217	which is the lion's mane jellyfish's species within its genus?	n/a	[ "C. capillata", "capillata", "Cyanea capillata" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1631625", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nLion's mane jellyfish The lion's mane jellyfish, also known as the giant jellyfish or the hair jelly, is the largest known species of jellyfish. Its range is confined to cold, boreal waters of the Arctic, northern Atlantic, and northern Pacific Oceans. It is common in the English Channel, Irish Sea, North Sea, and in western Scandinavian waters south to Kattegat and Øresund. It may also drift into the southwestern part of the Baltic Sea (where it cannot breed due to the low salinity). Similar jellyfish – which may be the same species – are known to inhabit seas near Australia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11057324", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\none. Two distinct taxa, however, occur together in at least the eastern North Atlantic, with the blue jellyfish (\"\"Cyanea lamarckii\"\" Péron & Lesueur, 1810) differing in color (blue, not red) and smaller size (10–20 cm diameter, rarely 35 cm). Populations in the western Pacific around Japan are sometimes distinguished as \"\"Cyanea nozakii\"\", or as a subspecies, \"\"C. c. nozakii\"\". In 2015, Russian researchers announced a possible sister species, \"\"Cyanea tzetlinii\"\" found in the White Sea, but this has not yet been recognized by other authoritative databases such as WoRMS or ITIS. Lion's mane jellyfish (\"\"Cyanea capillata\"\") are named for their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8506665", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nshore. Like other jellyfish, lion's manes are capable of both sexual reproduction in the medusa stage and asexual reproduction in the polyp stage. Lion's mane jellyfish have four different stages in their year-long lifespan: a larval stage, a polyp stage, an ephyrae stage, and the medusa stage. The female jellyfish carries its fertilized eggs in its tentacle, where the eggs grow into larva. When the larva are old enough, the female deposits them on a hard surface, where the larva soon grow into polyps. The polyps begin to reproduce asexually, creating stacks of small creatures called ephyrae. The individual ephyrae", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11057329", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nlion's mane jellyfish. This was later corrected – in 1864, a bootlace worm (\"\"Lineus longissimus\"\") was found washed up on a Scottish shore that was long. (\"\"That\"\" claim has its critics: because bootlace worms can easily stretch to several times their natural length, it is possible the worm did not actually grow to be that length.) Lion's mane jellyfish The lion's mane jellyfish, also known as the giant jellyfish or the hair jelly, is the largest known species of jellyfish. Its range is confined to cold, boreal waters of the Arctic, northern Atlantic, and northern Pacific Oceans. It is common", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8506663", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nblue whale – has earned it the status of one of the longest known animals in the world. As coldwater species, these jellyfish cannot cope with warmer waters. The jellyfish are pelagic for most of their lives but tend to settle in shallow, sheltered bays towards the end of their one-year lifespan. In the open ocean, lion's mane jellyfish act as floating oases for certain species, such as shrimp, medusafish, butterfish, harvestfish, and juvenile prowfish, providing both a reliable source of food and protection from predators . Predators of the lion's mane jellyfish include seabirds, larger fish such as ocean", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8506659", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nand New Zealand. The largest recorded specimen, found washed up on the shore of Massachusetts Bay in 1870, had a bell with a diameter of and tentacles long. Lion's mane jellyfish have been observed below 42°N latitude for some time in the larger bays of the east coast of the United States. The lion's mane jellyfish uses its stinging tentacles to capture, pull in, and eat prey such as fish, sea creatures, and smaller jellyfish. The taxonomy of the \"\"Cyanea\"\" species is not fully agreed upon; some zoologists have suggested that all species within the genus should be treated as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8506662", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nis a balance organ at each of the eight indentations between the lobes – the rhopalium – which helps the jellyfish orient itself. From the central mouth extend broad frilly oral arms with many stinging cells. Closer to its mouth, its total number of tentacles is around 1200. The long, thin tentacles which emanate from the bell's subumbrella have been characterised as “extremely sticky”; they also have stinging cells. The tentacles of larger specimens may trail as long as or more, with the tentacles of the longest known specimen measured at in length. This unusual length – longer than a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8506661", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nshowy, trailing tentacles reminiscent of a lion's mane. They can vary greatly in size: although capable of attaining a bell diameter of over , those found in lower latitudes are much smaller than their far northern counterparts, with a bell about in diameter. Size seems to dictate coloration: larger specimens are a vivid crimson to dark purple while smaller specimens grade to a lighter orange or tan, occasionally colorless. The bell of the lion's mane jellyfish is scalloped into eight lobes (lappets), each lobe containing from 70 to 150 tentacles, arranged in four fairly distinct rows. Along the bell margin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1631632", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nsunfish, other jellyfish species, and sea turtles. The leatherback sea turtle feeds almost exclusively on them in large quantities during the summer season around Eastern Canada. The jellyfish themselves feed mostly on zooplankton, small fish, ctenophores, and moon jellies. Lion's mane jellyfish remain mostly very near the surface, at no more than 20 m depth. Their slow pulsations drive them forwards weakly, so they depend on ocean currents to travel great distances. The jellyfish are most often spotted during the late summer and autumn, when they have grown to a large size and the currents begin to sweep them to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7822087", "chunk_text": "Jellyfish\nthe hydromedusae of many species that have just been released from their parent polyps; some of these live only a few minutes before shedding their gametes in the plankton and then dying, while others will grow in the plankton for weeks or months. The hydromedusae \"\"Cladonema radiatum\"\" and \"\"Cladonema californicum\"\" are also very small, living for months, yet never growing beyond a few mm in bell height and diameter. The lion's mane jellyfish, \"\"Cyanea capillata\"\", was long-cited as the largest jellyfish, and arguably the longest animal in the world, with fine, thread-like tentacles that may extend up to long (though", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8506666", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nbreak off the stacks, where they eventually grow into the medusa stage and become full-grown jellyfish. Most encounters cause temporary pain and localized redness. In normal circumstances, and in healthy individuals, their stings are not known to be fatal. Vinegar can be used to deactivate the nematocysts, but due to the large number of tentacles, medical attention is recommended after exposure. There may be a significant difference between touching a few tentacles with finger tips at a beach, compared to accidental swimming into one. The initial sensation is more strange than painful, it feels like swimming in to a bit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7822089", "chunk_text": "Jellyfish\nalways much greater than the Lion's Mane, whose bell diameter can reach . The rarely encountered deep-sea jellyfish \"\"Stygiomedusa gigantea\"\" is another candidate for \"\"largest jellyfish\"\", with its thick, massive bell up to wide, and four thick, \"\"strap-like\"\" oral arms extending up to in length, very different from the typical fine, threadlike tentacles that rim the umbrella of more-typical-looking jellyfish, including the Lion's Mane. Jellyfish have a complex life cycle which includes both sexual and asexual phases, with the medusa being the sexual stage in most instances. Sperm fertilize eggs, which develop into larval planulae, become polyps, bud into ephyrae", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19825387", "chunk_text": "Tentacle\nThe tentacles of the Lion's mane jellyfish may be up to 120 feet (37 meters) long. They are hollow and are arranged in 8 groups of between 70 and 150. The longer tentacles are equipped with cnidocytes whose venom paralyses and kills prey. The smaller tentacles guide food into the mouth. Bryozoa (moss animals) are tiny creatures with tentacles around their mouths. The tentacles are almost cylindrical and have bands of cilia which create a water current towards the mouth. The animal extracts edible material from the flow of water. Trypanorhynch cestodes are parasitic in fish. Their scolex shows four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8506668", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nremains of a lion's mane jellyfish that had broken up into countless pieces in Wallis Sands State Beach, Rye, New Hampshire, in the United States. Considering the size of the species, it is possible that this mass incident was caused by a single specimen. The lion's mane jellyfish appears in the Sherlock Holmes short story \"\"The Adventure of the Lion's Mane\"\" published in \"\"The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes\"\". Holmes discovers at the end of the story that the true killer of a professor who died shortly after going swimming (shouting \"\"the lion's mane\"\" before he succumbed) was actually this jellyfish.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11057326", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nwarmer and somewhat effervescent water. Some minor pains will though soon follow. Normally there is no real danger to humans (with exception of people suffering from special allergies). But in cases when someone has been stung over large parts of their body by not just the longest tentacles but the entire jellyfish (including the inner tentacles, of which there are around 1200), a visit to a health care centre or similar is recommendable. Although rare, at deep water severe stings can also cause panic followed by drowning. On a July day in 2010, around 150 beachgoers were stung by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19774075", "chunk_text": "\"Cyanea (jellyfish)\"\nCyanea (jellyfish) Cyanea is a cosmopolitan genus of stinging jellyfish, primarily found in northern waters of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The same genus name has been given to a genus of plants of the Hawaiian lobelioids, an example of a \"\"parahomonym\"\" (same name, different kingdom). The taxonomy of \"\"Cyanea\"\" species is not fully agreed upon. Some zoologists have suggested that all species within the genus should be treated as one. However, in the North Sea at least, the lion's mane jellyfish and the blue jellyfish appear as distinct species. \"\"Cyanea\"\" may be a species complex of recently diverged species.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19774074", "chunk_text": "\"Cyanea (jellyfish)\"\nCyanea (jellyfish) Cyanea is a cosmopolitan genus of stinging jellyfish, primarily found in northern waters of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The same genus name has been given to a genus of plants of the Hawaiian lobelioids, an example of a \"\"parahomonym\"\" (same name, different kingdom). The taxonomy of \"\"Cyanea\"\" species is not fully agreed upon. Some zoologists have suggested that all species within the genus should be treated as one. However, in the North Sea at least, the lion's mane jellyfish and the blue jellyfish appear as distinct species. \"\"Cyanea\"\" may be a species complex of recently diverged species.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2318390", "chunk_text": "\"Blue jellyfish\"\nBlue jellyfish Cyanea lamarckii, also known as the blue jellyfish or bluefire jellyfish, is a species of jellyfish in the family Cyaneidae. Populations in the western Pacific around Japan are sometimes distinguished as \"\"Cyanea nozakii\"\" or \"\"Cyanea capillata nozakii\"\". This species is found in the pelagic zone off the west coast of Scotland, the North Sea and the Irish Sea, sometimes with the more common Lion's Mane Jellyfish, (\"\"Cyanea capillata\"\"). \"\"C. lamarckii\"\" has a blue or yellow tone and grows to approximately 10 to 20 cm across, but specimens can grow to 30 cm. In Scandinavian seas this species rarely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11057328", "chunk_text": "\"Lion's mane jellyfish\"\nSuspicion was originally laid upon the professor's rival in love, until the latter was similarly attacked (he survived, although badly stung). In the context of the story, it is only because the school professor has a weak heart that he succumbs, as is confirmed by the survival of the second victim. A photograph widely distributed on the internet appears to show an anomalously large lion's mane dwarfing a nearby diver by several times. The photo was subsequently shown to be a hoax. On the popular television program \"\"QI\"\" the show claimed that the longest animal in the world was the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6701816", "chunk_text": "\"The Adventure of the Lion's Mane\"\nthe bathing pond to test a theory he has formed which might explain McPherson's death. As he is about to leave, Murdoch arrives, helped in by Stackhurst, who is afraid that Murdoch might be dying; he fainted twice in pain. He has the same wounds on him that McPherson had. In great agony, he passes out, but finally recovers. At the bathing pond, Holmes spots the murderer: a Lion's Mane Jellyfish (\"\"Cyanea capillata\"\"), a deadly creature about which Holmes has read. Holmes takes a rock and kills it. Murdoch is exonerated. It turns out that, given his former relationship with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8391057", "chunk_text": "\"Aurelia (cnidarian)\"\nAurelia (cnidarian) Aurelia is a genus of scyphozoan jellyfish, commonly called moon jellies. There are at least 13 species in the genus \"\"Aurelia\"\" including many that are still not formally described. It has been suggested that \"\"Aurelia\"\" is the best-studied group of gelatinous zooplankton, with \"\"Aurelia aurita\"\" the best-studied species in the genus; two other species, \"\"Aurelia labiata\"\" and \"\"Aurelia limbata\"\" have also been investigated (studies summarized by Arai). Since most previous studies of \"\"Aurelia\"\" were done without the benefit of genetic identification, one cannot positively attribute the results of most research to the species named. Species of \"\"Aurelia\"\" can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19761730", "chunk_text": "\"Blue jellyfish\"\na similar way to the life cycle of the moon jellyfish. Blue jellyfish Cyanea lamarckii, also known as the blue jellyfish or bluefire jellyfish, is a species of jellyfish in the family Cyaneidae. Populations in the western Pacific around Japan are sometimes distinguished as \"\"Cyanea nozakii\"\" or \"\"Cyanea capillata nozakii\"\". This species is found in the pelagic zone off the west coast of Scotland, the North Sea and the Irish Sea, sometimes with the more common Lion's Mane Jellyfish, (\"\"Cyanea capillata\"\"). \"\"C. lamarckii\"\" has a blue or yellow tone and grows to approximately 10 to 20 cm across, but specimens", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1063014", "chunk_text": "\"Aequorea victoria\"\nmay also include some crustacean zooplankton such as copepods, crab zoëals, barnacle nauplii & other larval planktonic organisms. Gelatinous organisms consumed include ctenophores, appendicularians and other hydromedusae, including rarely other \"\"Aequorea victoria\"\" if conditions are appropriate. Prey is ensnared in long tentacles containing nematocysts, and ingested with a highly contractile mouth that can expand to consume organisms half the medusae’s size. Due to their voracious nature, \"\"Aequorea victoria\"\" density can be inversely correlated to zooplankton density, indicating a competitive presence in shared environments. \"\"Aequorea\"\" medusae are eaten by the voracious scyphozoa \"\"Cyanea capillata\"\", commonly called the Lion’s Mane Jelly, as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4263516", "chunk_text": "\"Lineus longissimus\"\niron or sewage. This toxic mucus has been shown to kill crabs and cockroaches, and could have applications as an agricultural insecticide. In 1864 a specimen washed ashore in the aftermath of a severe storm by St Andrews, Scotland, which was more than long, longer than the longest known Lion's mane jellyfish, the animal which is often considered to be the longest in the world. However records of extreme length should be taken with caution, because the bodies of nemerteans are flexible and can easily stretch to much more than their usual length. Like other nemerteans, \"\"Lineus longissimus\"\" feeds using", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10755481", "chunk_text": "Cnidocyte\nInstitute of Marine Science. It can cause excruciating pain to humans, sometimes followed by death. Other cnidarians, such as the jellyfish \"\"Cyanea capillata\"\" (the \"\"Lion's Mane\"\" made famous by Sherlock Holmes) or the siphonophore \"\"Physalia physalis\"\" (Portuguese man o' war, \"\"Bluebottle\"\") can cause extremely painful and sometimes fatal stings. On the other hand, aggregating sea anemones may have the lowest sting intensity, perhaps due to the inability of the nematocysts to penetrate the skin, creating a feeling similar to touching sticky candies. Besides feeding and defense, sea anemone and coral colonies use cnidocytes to sting one another in order to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18578013", "chunk_text": "\"Largest organisms\"\nriver-dweller is and almost . Before amniotes became the dominant tetrapods, several giant amphibian proto-tetrapods existed and were certainly the dominant animals in their ecosystems. The largest known was the crocodile-like \"\"Prionosuchus\"\", which reached a length of . The largest known species of sea sponge is the giant barrel sponge, \"\"Xestospongia muta\"\". These massively built sponges can reach in height and can be of about the same number of feet across at the thickest part of the \"\"body\"\". Some of these creatures have been estimated to be over 2,400 years of age. The lion's mane jellyfish (\"\"Cyanea capillata\"\") is the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19050803", "chunk_text": "Haliclystus\nHaliclystus Haliclystus is a genus of stalked jellyfish that contains 11 species and one nomen nudum (\"\"Haliclystus sanjuanensis\"\"). It is the largest genus in the order Stauromedusae. Members of this genus are found in the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and Southern oceans. Two members of this genus, \"\"Haliclystus kerguelensis\"\" and \"\"Haliclystus antarcticus\"\", are found in the Southern hemisphere only. The remaining 9 members are found in the Northern hemisphere only. Species in this genus have four longitudinal planes of symmetry. They have eight arms which are tipped with clusters of secondary tentacles. The number of these secondary tentacles is reported", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6867871", "chunk_text": "\"Spotted jelly\"\nSpotted jelly The spotted jelly (\"\"Mastigias papua\"\"), lagoon jelly, golden medusa, or Papuan jellyfish, is a species of jellyfish from the Indo-Pacific oceans. Like corals, sea anemones, and other sea jellies, it belongs to the phylum Cnidaria. \"\"Mastigias papua\"\" is one of the numerous marine animals living in symbiosis with zooxanthellae, a photosynthetic alga. They have a lifespan of approximately 4 months and are active primarily in mid-summer to early autumn. The spotted jelly is so named because of the little dots that garnish its jelly. It usually measures between in length and between in diameter but some individuals can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10616411", "chunk_text": "\"Stalked trumpet jelly\"\nStalked trumpet jelly The stalked trumpet jelly (\"\"Depastromorpha africana)\"\", is a species of stalked jellyfish in the family Depastridae. It is the only member of the genus Depastromorpha. This small stalked jellyfish grows up to 2 cm in height and may be pale to reddish in colour. It has a wrinkled body column and multiple stalked tentacles with knobbed ends surrounding the mouth. This species has been found only around the South African coast from the Cape Peninsula to Hermanus from the shore to shallow subtidal. It is possibly endemic to this region. This stalked jelly is usually found on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "331512", "chunk_text": "Tiburonia\nTiburonia Tiburonia is a genus of jellyfish in the family Ulmaridae. It was erected in 2003, following the discovery of its only species yet identified, Tiburonia granrojo. It was discovered by a crew from MBARI led by George Matsumoto. Its genus name is Tiburonia because the ROV the crew were using was called Tiburon, meaning \"\"shark\"\" in Spanish. Its species name was originally to be called \"\"Big Ugly\"\", but Kirsten Matsumoto raised objections to this name, and renamed it granrojo, meaning \"\"big red\"\" in Spanish. \"\"Tiburonia granrojo\"\" is one of the largest sea jellies and unusual in a number of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10502027", "chunk_text": "\"Aurelia aurita\"\nAurelia aurita Aurelia aurita (also called the common jellyfish, moon jellyfish, moon jelly or saucer jelly) is a widely studied species of the genus \"\"Aurelia\"\". All species in the genus are closely related, and it is difficult to identify \"\"Aurelia\"\" medusae without genetic sampling; most of what follows applies equally to all species of the genus. The most common method used to identify the species consists of selecting a jellyfish from a harbour using a device, usually a drinking glass and then photographing the subject. This means that they can be released in to the harbour shortly afterwards and return", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17485054", "chunk_text": "\"Blue jellyfish\"\ngrows larger than 15 cm. This jellyfish has many stinging tentacles. The four mouth arms are large with many wrinkles and ripples. The taxonomy of \"\"Cyanea\"\" species is not fully agreed upon. Some zoologists have suggested that all species within the genus should be treated as one. However, \"\"Cyanea lamarckii\"\" exists with two other distinct taxa in at least the eastern North Atlantic. The species specifier originates from the French naturalist Lamarck (Latin name form: Lamarckius). The medusae bud and loosen from the mature polyps between January and March around the British Isles and southern North Sea. This occurs in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19972869", "chunk_text": "\"Melibe leonina\"\nMelibe leonina Melibe leonina, commonly referred to as the hooded nudibranch, lion nudibranch, or lion's mane nudibranch, is a species of predatory nudibranch in the family Tethydidae. The body of \"\"M. leonina\"\" is translucent and is usually colorless to pale yellow or green. The average body dimensions are 102mm long and 25mm wide. It has a large expandable oral hood, fringed with two rows of cirri. The oral hood is typically over 51mm wide. This species of \"\"Melibe\"\" lacks jaws or a radula. There are a single pair of rhinophores on the hood that contain four to six lamellae. Two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6443294", "chunk_text": "\"Sanderia malayensis\"\nSanderia malayensis Sanderia malayensis is a species of jellyfish in the family Pelagiidae, native to the tropical Indo-Pacific. It has a complex life cycle and is thought to be venomous and to have caused injuries to humans. The medusa phase of \"\"Sanderia malayensis\"\" is distinguished from other related species by having 32 marginal lappets at the edge of the transparent bell, and 16 tentacles alternating with 16 rhopalia. The edge of the bell has a short vertical \"\"skirt\"\", about as wide as one sixth of the bell. The stomach has four heart-shaped radial pouches each edged with up to 40", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13028095", "chunk_text": "\"Red lionfish\"\nRed lionfish The red lionfish (\"\"Pterois volitans\"\") is a venomous coral reef fish in the family Scorpaenidae, order Scorpaeniformes. \"\"P. volitans\"\" is natively found in the Indo-Pacific region, but has become an invasive problem in the Caribbean Sea, as well as along the East Coast of the United States. This and a similar species, \"\"Pterois miles\"\", have both been deemed as invasive species. Red lionfish are clad in white stripes alternated with red/maroon/brown stripes. Adults in this species can grow as large as 47 cm (18.5 in) in length, making it one of the largest species of lionfish in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5885469", "chunk_text": "\"Jellyfish Lake\"\nthat live in their tissues and part of their nutrition from captured zooplankton. However, the golden jellyfish are morphologically, physiologically, and behaviourally distinct from the spotted jellyfish. They are easily distinguished from the spotted jellyfish by the almost complete loss of spots on the exumbrella and the almost complete loss of their clubs, an appendage attached to the oral arms. Marine biologist Michael Dawson proposed that the golden jellyfish that inhabit Jellyfish Lake be classified as a subspecies (\"\"Mastigias cf. papua etpisoni\"\") of the spotted jellyfish living in the nearby lagoons. The species identification is uncertain (denoted by cf. in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7822123", "chunk_text": "Jellyfish\nseveral countries; jellyfish caused a cascading blackout in the Philippines in 1999, as well as damaging the Diablo Canyon Power Plant in California in 2008. They can stop desalination plants and ships' engines. Jellyfish Jellyfish or sea jellies are the informal common names given to the medusa-phase of certain gelatinous members of the subphylum Medusozoa, a major part of the phylum Cnidaria. Jellyfish are mainly free-swimming marine animals with umbrella-shaped bells and trailing tentacles, although a few are not mobile, being anchored to the seabed by stalks. The bell can pulsate to provide propulsion and highly efficient locomotion. The tentacles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19972876", "chunk_text": "\"Melibe leonina\"\nleonina\"\" swim mostly at night. Experiments in a laboratory setting have supported this theory; showing that on average \"\"M. leonina\"\" swim 20 times more often at night. Melibe leonina Melibe leonina, commonly referred to as the hooded nudibranch, lion nudibranch, or lion's mane nudibranch, is a species of predatory nudibranch in the family Tethydidae. The body of \"\"M. leonina\"\" is translucent and is usually colorless to pale yellow or green. The average body dimensions are 102mm long and 25mm wide. It has a large expandable oral hood, fringed with two rows of cirri. The oral hood is typically over 51mm", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10616412", "chunk_text": "\"Stalked trumpet jelly\"\nseaweeds, particularly \"\"Caulerpa filiformis\"\". Stalked trumpet jelly The stalked trumpet jelly (\"\"Depastromorpha africana)\"\", is a species of stalked jellyfish in the family Depastridae. It is the only member of the genus Depastromorpha. This small stalked jellyfish grows up to 2 cm in height and may be pale to reddish in colour. It has a wrinkled body column and multiple stalked tentacles with knobbed ends surrounding the mouth. This species has been found only around the South African coast from the Cape Peninsula to Hermanus from the shore to shallow subtidal. It is possibly endemic to this region. This stalked jelly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18480042", "chunk_text": "\"Jellynose fish\"\nThey are known from the Caribbean Sea, eastern Atlantic, the western and central Indopacific, and the Pacific coast of Central America. Their skeletons are largely cartilage (hence \"\"jellynose\"\"), although they are true teleosts and not at all related to Chondrichthyes. The heads are large, with a bulbous nose, and the (usually) elongated body tapers towards the tail. Their caudal fins are very small, and except for \"\"Guentherus\"\", it is merged with the long anal fin (which has 70 fin rays or more). The pelvic fins of juveniles have up to 10 rays, but in adults this is reduced to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13028096", "chunk_text": "\"Red lionfish\"\nocean, while juveniles are typically shorter than . The average red lionfish lives around 10 years. As with many species within the family Scopaenidae, it has large, venomous spines that protrude from the body, similar to a mane, giving it the common name lionfish. The venomous spines make the fish inedible or deter most potential predators. Lionfish reproduce monthly and are able to quickly disperse during their larval stage for expansion of their invasive region. No definitive predators of the lionfish are known, and many organizations are promoting the harvest and consumption of lionfish in efforts to prevent further increases", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7822074", "chunk_text": "Jellyfish\nthe word \"\"fish\"\" with its connotations of an animal with a backbone, though shellfish, cuttlefish and starfish are not vertebrates either. In scientific literature, \"\"jelly\"\" and \"\"jellyfish\"\" have been used interchangeably. Many sources refer to only scyphozoans as \"\"true jellyfish\"\". The term jellyfish broadly corresponds to medusae, that is, a life-cycle stage in the Medusozoa. The American evolutionary biologist Paulyn Cartwright gives the following general definition: The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines jellyfish as follows: Given that jellyfish is a common name, its mapping to biological groups is inexact. Some authorities have called the comb jellies and certain salps jellyfish, though other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12994440", "chunk_text": "\"Spotted jelly\"\nthe absorbed nutrients available to the zooxanthellae. Spotted jelly The spotted jelly (\"\"Mastigias papua\"\"), lagoon jelly, golden medusa, or Papuan jellyfish, is a species of jellyfish from the Indo-Pacific oceans. Like corals, sea anemones, and other sea jellies, it belongs to the phylum Cnidaria. \"\"Mastigias papua\"\" is one of the numerous marine animals living in symbiosis with zooxanthellae, a photosynthetic alga. They have a lifespan of approximately 4 months and are active primarily in mid-summer to early autumn. The spotted jelly is so named because of the little dots that garnish its jelly. It usually measures between in length and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16837662", "chunk_text": "Stellamedusa\nStellamedusa Stellamedusa is a genus of jellyfish. The genus is monotypic with a single species recognized, Stellamedusa ventana. The species was first described in the \"\"Journal of the Marine Biological Association\"\" in 2004 by Kevin Raskoff and George Matsumoto of the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute. As of February 2004, seven specimens have been observed, five off the California coast in Monterey Bay and two in the Gulf of California. Unlike most medusae, they lack marginal tentacles. Specimens so far found reach almost 10 cm in diameter, which is large for a scyphomedusa. The bell is blue-white in colour. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "331514", "chunk_text": "Tiburonia\ndiscovery was announced by Dr. Matsumoto and colleagues in \"\"Marine Biology\"\" in 2003. Tiburonia Tiburonia is a genus of jellyfish in the family Ulmaridae. It was erected in 2003, following the discovery of its only species yet identified, Tiburonia granrojo. It was discovered by a crew from MBARI led by George Matsumoto. Its genus name is Tiburonia because the ROV the crew were using was called Tiburon, meaning \"\"shark\"\" in Spanish. Its species name was originally to be called \"\"Big Ugly\"\", but Kirsten Matsumoto raised objections to this name, and renamed it granrojo, meaning \"\"big red\"\" in Spanish. \"\"Tiburonia granrojo\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16784748", "chunk_text": "\"Sanderia malayensis\"\nnematocytes are continuing to discharge. Sanderia malayensis Sanderia malayensis is a species of jellyfish in the family Pelagiidae, native to the tropical Indo-Pacific. It has a complex life cycle and is thought to be venomous and to have caused injuries to humans. The medusa phase of \"\"Sanderia malayensis\"\" is distinguished from other related species by having 32 marginal lappets at the edge of the transparent bell, and 16 tentacles alternating with 16 rhopalia. The edge of the bell has a short vertical \"\"skirt\"\", about as wide as one sixth of the bell. The stomach has four heart-shaped radial pouches each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2526848", "chunk_text": "\"Helmet jellyfish\"\nHelmet jellyfish The helmet jellyfish (\"\"Periphylla periphylla\"\") is a luminescent, red-colored jellyfish of the deep sea, belonging to the order Coronatae of the phylum Cnidaria. It is the only species in the monotypic genus \"\"Periphylla.\"\" \"\"P. periphylla\"\" represents an exception, very rarely found in the phylum \"\"Cnidaria\"\": the medusae do not go through a polyp stage, thus presenting a \"\"holopelagic\"\" life cycle. The medusae strew fertilized eggs in open water and these develop directly into medusae, whose development rests entirely upon the egg's high yolk supply. The ephyra stage common among other jellyfish is not observed in \"\"P. periphylla\"\". The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20423196", "chunk_text": "Marivagia\nMarivagia Marivagia is a monotypic genus of jellyfish, containing only the species, Marivagia stellata, that was first described in 2010 following the discovery of several specimens on the Mediterranean coast of Israel. The genus name, \"\"Marivagia\"\", is derived from the Latin 'mari' (sea) and 'vagus' (wanderer), while the species name is from the Latin 'stella' (star) for the dots and star-burst like pattern on the exumbrella. The earliest specimen of \"\"Marivagia stellata\"\" was collected off the coast of Tel Shikmona, at the southern entrance to the port city of Haifa, in 2006. It was photographed, preserved and then sent for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8573565", "chunk_text": "Pterois\nPterois Pterois is a genus of venomous marine fish, commonly known as lionfish, native to the Indo-Pacific. Also called zebrafish, firefish, turkeyfish, tastyfish or butterfly-cod, it is characterized by conspicuous warning coloration with red, white, creamy, or black bands, showy pectoral fins, and venomous spiky fin rays. \"\"Pterois radiata\"\", \"\"Pterois volitans\"\", and \"\"Pterois miles\"\" are the most commonly studied species in the genus. \"\"Pterois\"\" species are popular aquarium fish. \"\"P. volitans\"\" and \"\"P. miles\"\" are a recent and significant invasive species in the west Atlantic, Caribbean Sea and Mediterranean Sea. There are currently 12 recognized species in this genus: \"\"Pterois\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18213623", "chunk_text": "Nuda\nNuda Nuda is a class of ctenophores or comb jellies. The class contains a single family, Beroidae, with two genera, \"\"Beroe\"\" and \"\"Neis\"\", and the group is more commonly referred to as the \"\"beroids\"\". They are distinguished from other comb jellies by the complete absence of tentacles, in both juvenile and adult stages. \"\"Beroe\"\" is found in all the world's oceans and seas, and the monotypic \"\"Neis\"\" occurs only near Australia; all beroids are free-swimmers that form part of the plankton. Some members of the diverse genus \"\"Beroe\"\" may occasionally attain a length of up to , though most species", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_218	who was the buccaneers qb when they won the superbowl?	n/a	[ "Brad Johnson" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3578623", "chunk_text": "\"Brad Johnson (American football)\"\nBrad Johnson (American football) James Bradley Johnson (born September 13, 1968) is a former American football quarterback. Born in Marietta, Georgia, Johnson grew up in Black Mountain, North Carolina and later played both college basketball and football at Florida State. The Minnesota Vikings drafted Johnson in the ninth round of the 1992 NFL Draft. He spent seven seasons with the Vikings and two seasons with the Washington Redskins before becoming the starting quarterback of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in 2001. He led the Buccaneers to their Super Bowl XXXVII title over the Oakland Raiders. He played for the Buccaneers for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4243197", "chunk_text": "\"Jameis Winston\"\nJameis Winston Jameis Lanaed Winston ( ; born January 6, 1994) is an American football quarterback for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). Born and raised in Alabama, he was a highly regarded quarterback in high school, and led his team to the state championship as a junior. Winston played college football for the Florida State Seminoles and as a Redshirt freshman became the youngest player to win the Heisman Trophy and helped lead the Seminoles to a victory in the 2014 BCS National Championship Game. In his sophomore and final year, the Seminoles advanced to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4243224", "chunk_text": "\"Jameis Winston\"\nto suspend Winston for the first three games of the 2018 season as a result of his involvement in the incident, which it carried through on June 28. Jameis Winston Jameis Lanaed Winston ( ; born January 6, 1994) is an American football quarterback for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). Born and raised in Alabama, he was a highly regarded quarterback in high school, and led his team to the state championship as a junior. Winston played college football for the Florida State Seminoles and as a Redshirt freshman became the youngest player to win", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20518341", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season\"\nBay began their season in Week 2 against Chicago. Jameis Winston threw for 204 yards and 1 touchdown pass to Mike Evans, as the Buccaneers routed the Bears 29-7. Bears quarterback (and former Buccaneer) Mike Glennon lost a fumble, and threw two interceptions, one of which was returned for a touchdown. Before the game, wide receivers Mike Evans and DeSean Jackson kneeled during the national anthem after comments made by president Donald Trump about national anthem protests two days prior. The Vikings jumped out to a 28-3 lead by the third quarter, while the Buccaneers defense could not contain Case", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2686781", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nIncluded was the drafting of Heisman Trophy winner Bo Jackson with the first pick in the 1986 draft. Jackson had let it be known that he would never play a down for Hugh Culverhouse at Tampa Bay. Making good on his threat, he opted instead to play baseball for the Kansas City Royals and would later return for parts of football seasons with the Los Angeles Raiders. Along with Williams, who later was a Super Bowl champion QB for Washington, two other Buc quarterbacks during this era led other teams to Super Bowl wins. Steve Young won with the 49ers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "594467", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\ncoordinator, Dirk Koetter, to be their new offensive coordinator after parting ways with QB coach and interim offensive coordinator Marcus Arroyo. Having a 2–14 record, tied for worst in the NFL, Tampa gained the 1st overall pick in the 2015 NFL draft. They also made some headlines when they released QB Josh McCown on February 11, 2015 to save $5.25 million in cap space. With the first overall pick in the NFL draft, the Buccaneers selected Jameis Winston from Florida State. Throughout the offseason, there was much debate whether the Buccaneers should pick Jameis, or Oregon QB Marcus Mariota. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16048196", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXVII\"\nSuper Bowl XXXVII Super Bowl XXXVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Oakland Raiders and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Tampa Bay Buccaneers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2002 season. The Buccaneers defeated the Raiders by the score of 48–21, tied with Super Bowl XXXV for the seventh largest Super Bowl margin of victory, and winning their first ever Super Bowl. The game, played on January 26, 2003 at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California, was the sixth Super Bowl to be held a week after the conference", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1168394", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXVII\"\nas Tampa Bay's head coach. In 2002, the Buccaneers ranked 25th in the league in total yards gained (5,222). Quarterback Brad Johnson made the Pro Bowl, completing 281 out of 451 passes for 3,049 yards, 22 touchdowns, and only 6 interceptions. Running back Michael Pittman led the team in rushing with 718 yards and one touchdown, and caught 59 passes for 477 yards. Pro Bowl fullback Mike Alstott had 548 rushing yards and 5 touchdowns, and also had 35 receptions for 242 yards and 2 touchdowns. Wide receiver Keyshawn Johnson led the team with 76 receptions for 1,088 yards and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2686838", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nbeer and did not pay them. After the conclusion of the 2014 season, Tampa Bay hired Ben Steele to become the team's new offensive quality control coach as well as former Atlanta Falcons offensive coordinator, Dirk Koetter, to be their new offensive coordinator after parting ways with QB coach and interim offensive coordinator Marcus Arroyo. Having a 2–14 record, tied for the worst record in the NFL in 2014, Tampa gained the 1st overall pick in the 2015 NFL draft. They also made some headlines when they released QB Josh McCown on February 11, 2015 to save $5.25 million in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16048236", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXVII\"\nwon a playoff game since. Super Bowl XXXVII Super Bowl XXXVII was an American football game between the American Football Conference (AFC) champion Oakland Raiders and the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Tampa Bay Buccaneers to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2002 season. The Buccaneers defeated the Raiders by the score of 48–21, tied with Super Bowl XXXV for the seventh largest Super Bowl margin of victory, and winning their first ever Super Bowl. The game, played on January 26, 2003 at Qualcomm Stadium in San Diego, California, was the sixth Super Bowl to be held", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5895155", "chunk_text": "\"Karl Williams\"\nBrooks and defensive tackle Warren Sapp on defense, and game-manager quarterback Brad Johnson on offense. Behind head coach Jon Gruden, the Buccaneers went 12-4 during the regular season, defeated their chief rivals the Philadelphia Eagles in the NFC Championship game, and dominated the Super Bowl against the Oakland Raiders, winning 48-21 to bring the Lombardi Trophy to the Tampa Bay area. Williams left Tampa Bay after the following season and signed with the Arizona Cardinals, playing one year in the desert before leaving the NFL for good at the end of the 2004 season. Williams also remains a fan favorite", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15817627", "chunk_text": "\"Tom Brady\"\nTom Brady Thomas \"\"Tom\"\" Edward Patrick Brady Jr. (born August 3, 1977) is an American football quarterback for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He is one of only two players in NFL history to have won five Super Bowls (along with defensive player Charles Haley), and he is the only player to have won them all with a single franchise. Because of his numerous accomplishments and accolades, many analysts and sportswriters consider Brady to be among the greatest quarterbacks of all time. After playing college football for the University of Michigan, Brady was drafted by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1154982", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nof James Wilder in the 1980s. Williams would later go on to receive the NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year Award. After starting 5–1, the team entered a midseason slump hampered by a season-ending injury to starting QB Brian Griese. Replacement starter Chris Simms struggled early, but came into his own, leading the team to a last-minute win over the Redskins. The Bucs won the NFC South Division finishing 11–5. The season ended abruptly, however, with a 17–10 loss in the Wild Card round, in a rematch with Washington that saw receiver Edell Shepherd drop the game-winning catch in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2009665", "chunk_text": "\"Jameis Winston\"\ntouchdowns. Winston finished his rookie season with 4,042 passing yards, finishing 23 yards short of the franchise record set by Josh Freeman in 2012. Winston also became the third rookie quarterback to pass over 4,000 yards in a season. He was named to the NFL All-Rookie Team for his 2015 season. Following his team's loss in the AFC Championship game, New England Patriots quarterback Tom Brady elected not to participate in the 2016 Pro Bowl; as a result, Winston was selected to his first Pro Bowl game making him the first rookie quarterback in Buccaneers' history to be selected. Winston's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6265871", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nendzone. After winning the division in 2005, the Bucs suffered through an abysmal 2006 season. The season was plagued by injuries, with starters such as guard Dan Buenning, wide receiver Michael Clayton, running back Cadillac Williams, defensive end Simeon Rice, cornerback Brian Kelly, and quarterback Chris Simms all being placed on injured reserve at some point in the season. The season also saw a lot of rookies starting for the Bucs, such as quarterback Bruce Gradkowski, tackle Jeremy Trueblood, and guard Davin Joseph. The Bucs started off the season 0–3, with Simms throwing only 1 touchdown to 7 interceptions. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2155125", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nRonde Barber and punter Josh Bidwell. Outside linebacker Derrick Brooks was named the Pro Bowl MVP, with a 59-yard interception return for a touchdown. After winning their division in 2005, the Bucs suffered through an abysmal 2006 season. The season was plagued by injuries, with starters such as G Dan Buenning, WR Michael Clayton, RB Carnell Williams, DE Simeon Rice, CB Brian Kelly, and QB Chris Simms all being placed on injured reserve at some point in the season. The season also saw a lot of rookies starting for the Bucs, such as QB Bruce Gradkowski, T Jeremy Trueblood, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1155011", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\ncap space. With the first overall pick in the NFL draft, the Buccaneers selected Jameis Winston from Florida State. Throughout the offseason, there was much debate whether the Buccaneers should pick Jameis, or Oregon QB Marcus Mariota. On January 6, 2016, Smith was fired by the Buccaneers after posting a record of 8–24 in his two seasons, including a 6–10 record in the 2015 season. On January 15, 2016, Dirk Koetter was promoted from offensive coordinator to become the new head coach of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. The teams' record sat at 3-5 following a blowout loss to the Atlanta", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14305362", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nBuccaneers fired Jon Gruden and swiftly elevated Morris to the head coach position. Bruce Allen was also let go, with Mark Dominik his successor as general manager. Several veterans were released including Derrick Brooks, Joey Galloway, and Jeff Garcia. The new staff traded for tight end Kellen Winslow Jr., signed quarterback Byron Leftwich, and drafted Josh Freeman with the 17th overall pick. The 2009 squad started out 0–7, behind Leftwich and later Josh Johnson. Following their bye week, the team elevated Freeman to starting quarterback, resulting in the team's first win of the season. The team finished 3–13, the worst", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2009667", "chunk_text": "\"Jameis Winston\"\nWinston lead Buccaneers began playing efficient offense as well as exceptional defense and special teams play, resulting in the Buccaneers' first 5-game winning streak since the Super Bowl winning 2002 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season. The win streak gave the Buccaneers possession of the 6th seed in the NFC playoff race, which they quickly lost after back-to-back losses to the Dallas Cowboys and New Orleans Saints. Winston led the Buccaneers to their first winning season in 6 years after defeating the Carolina Panthers in the regular season finale, during which he broke the franchise records for passing yards and passing touchdowns", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "594454", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nand Giants both won close games as well, thus sending the eventual Super Bowl champion Packers to the playoffs. For the second time in three years, the Bucs had finished with a winning record, yet missed the playoffs. The season marked a 7-game improvement over the previous one, and was highlighted by the superb play of second-year quarterback Josh Freeman and a strong rookie class led by Gerald McCoy, Arrelious Benn, Mike Williams, Cody Grimm, and LeGarrette Blount. No Buccaneers were selected to the Pro Bowl, but left tackle Donald Penn did play in the game as a replacement for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15272066", "chunk_text": "\"2011 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season\"\nFreeman drove Tampa Bay to the Tennessee 25-yard line in the final minute. Facing a 4th down and 1, Freeman tried a QB sneak, but fumbled the snap due to the wet ball. He was tackled for a loss, the Buccaneers turned the ball over on downs, and the Titans held on to win. Josh Freeman sat out due to injury, and Josh Johnson started at quarterback. Tampa Bay wore their throwback uniforms, and honored Jimmy Giles at halftime. Cam Newton ran for three touchdowns (setting an NFL single-season record for rushing touchdowns by a quarterback) as Carolina routed Tampa", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10656923", "chunk_text": "\"Trent Dilfer\"\nTrent Dilfer Trent Farris Dilfer (born March 13, 1972) is a former American football quarterback and analyst who played 14 seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He is best known as the starting quarterback for the Baltimore Ravens during their Super Bowl-winning season in 2000. After six seasons with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, who drafted him in the first round of the 1994 NFL Draft, Dilfer signed with the Ravens as a backup and became the team's starter midway through the year. Starting in the rest of the team's games, his time with the Ravens concluded with the franchise's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20154364", "chunk_text": "\"2013 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season\"\nOrleans 29 yard line, and attempted a field goal with 1:10 left. The kick missed, and the Saints took over with just over one minute left. Drew Brees drove the Saints to the Tampa Bay 9 yard line in three plays, and Garrett Hartley kicked the game-winning field goal as time expired. Tom Brady threw for 225 yards and two touchdown passes, as New England soundly defeated Tampa Bay 23–3. Josh Freeman was sacked three times, and threw one interception, while Doug Martin was held to only 88 yards rushing. Quarterback Josh Freeman was benched during the week, and Mike", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1168395", "chunk_text": "\"Super Bowl XXXVII\"\n5 touchdowns, while wide receiver Keenan McCardell had 61 receptions for 670 yards and 6 touchdowns. However, the Buccaneers' defense was still the strength of the team, leading the NFL in total defense (252.8 yards per game), pass defense (155.6 yards per game), points allowed (12.3 points per game), passing touchdowns allowed (10), interceptions (31), and opponent passer rating (48.4). Brooks, Lynch, Sapp, and defensive end Simeon Rice all had Pro Bowl years. Brooks led the team with 87 tackles and excelled at pass coverage, recording 5 interceptions, 218 return yards, and 2 touchdowns, plus 1 fumble return and 1", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20928965", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season\"\nJon Gruden was inducted into the Buccaneers Ring of Honor. He is best known for leading the Bucs to their one (and only) Super Bowl win. The Bucs drop their fifth straight for the second time this season. With this loss, the Bucs have had 7 of their 11 losses come by 7 points or less. The Bucs finish the season with a win against a division rival. A late 4th quarter touchdown pass from Jameis Winston to rookie wide receiver Chris Godwin with 9 seconds remaining gave the Bucs their first win against a division opponent this year. With", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4792121", "chunk_text": "\"Byron Leftwich\"\nByron Leftwich Byron Antron Leftwich (born January 14, 1980) is an American football coach and former quarterback who is the offensive coordinator of the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Marshall University and was drafted by the Jacksonville Jaguars seventh overall in the 2003 NFL Draft. Leftwich also played for the Atlanta Falcons, Pittsburgh Steelers and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. He earned a Super Bowl ring with the Steelers in Super Bowl XLIII as they beat the Cardinals. Leftwich attended Howard D. Woodson High School in Washington, DC and was a letterman in football,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "594441", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nthe Giants outscored the Bucs 24-0 until the last three minutes of play, when Jeff Garcia completed a touchdown pass to Alex Smith to bring the Bucs back to just a ten-point deficit, although an interception by R.W. McQuarters with two minutes left, sealed the victory for Giants. In the end the Buccaneers had been held to 271 yards of total offense and 3 turnovers, and lost the game 24–14. On January 28, the Buccaneers re-signed head coach Jon Gruden and GM Bruce Allen through the 2011 season. Also during the offseason, the Buccaneers expressed interest in acquiring QB Brett", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15817655", "chunk_text": "\"Tom Brady\"\nwhom had received positive reviews from then-quarterbacks coach Dick Rehbein. Ultimately, the Patriots front office chose Brady. Considering his subsequent success, many analysts have called Brady the best NFL draft pick of all time. Brady started the season as the fourth string quarterback, behind starter Drew Bledsoe and backups John Friesz and Michael Bishop; by season's end, he was number two on the depth chart behind Bledsoe. During his rookie season, he was 1-of-3 passing, for six yards. Tight end Rod Rutledge caught Brady's first and only completed pass of the season in a 34–9 loss to the Detroit Lions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18799928", "chunk_text": "\"Rohan Davey\"\nRohan Davey Rohan St. Patrick Davey (born April 14, 1978) is a Jamaican-born former American football quarterback. Davey won two Super Bowl rings with the New England Patriots, as a backup to Tom Brady in 2003 and 2004. Davey attended Hialeah-Miami Lakes High School in Hialeah, Florida and was a letterman in football and basketball. During his junior and senior year as high school quarterback, he threw for 4,126 yards and 52 touchdowns. In basketball, he averaged 17.1 points per game as a senior. He graduated in 1997. During his time playing for LSU, Davey threw for 4,415 yards and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15502270", "chunk_text": "\"2012 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season\"\ngame. During halftime, a ceremony was held to honor the reunited 2002 Super Bowl team. More than 50 players and coaches from the 2002 Super Bowl team gathered to celebrate the 10-year anniversary of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers' first ever Super Bowl Championship. Among those who attended the reunion were former head coach Jon Gruden, former defensive coordinator Monte Kiffin, Derrick Brooks, John Lynch, Warren Sapp, Brad Johnson, Mike Alstott, and Keyshawn Johnson. Ronde Barber was part of the 2002 Super Bowl team, but was playing on the field for Tampa Bay. Josh Freeman threw for 189 yards and 2", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15272061", "chunk_text": "\"2011 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season\"\nsince 2003. This \"\"MNF\"\" telecast was notable in that Hank Williams, Jr.'s \"\"All My Rowdy Friends\"\" opening was omitted due to comments he made on \"\"Fox & Friends\"\" earlier in the day where he compared a golf outing involving Barack Obama, John Boehner, Joe Biden, and John Kasich to \"\"Hitler playing golf with Netanyahu.\"\" Josh Freeman threw two interceptions (one returned for a touchdown), as Tampa Bay was routed 48–3 at San Francisco. Tampa Bay was held to only 86 yards rushing, had three turnovers, and suffered 9 penalties for a total of 96 yards. Josh Freeman threw for 303", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19514608", "chunk_text": "\"Evan Smith (American football)\"\nEvan Smith (American football) Evan Blake Smith (born Evan Blake Dietrich-Smith on July 19, 1986) is an American football center for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). He has also played for the Green Bay Packers and Seattle Seahawks. As a member of the Packers, he won Super Bowl XLV against the Pittsburgh Steelers. He played college football at Idaho State University. Smith grew up in Salinas, California. He attended and played high school football at Salinas High School.He also attended Buena Vista Middle School. He was signed by the Packers as an undrafted free agent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7980364", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Holcomb\"\nKelly Holcomb Bryan Kelly Holcomb (born July 9, 1973) is a former American football quarterback of the National Football League. He was signed by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers as an undrafted free agent in 1995. He played college football at Middle Tennessee State. Holcomb was also a member of the Indianapolis Colts, Cleveland Browns, Buffalo Bills, Philadelphia Eagles and Minnesota Vikings. Holcomb attended Lincoln County High School in Fayetteville, Tennessee, and was a student and a lettered in football as a quarterback, baseball as a shortstop, and basketball and led his football team to the 1990 Tennessee State Championship. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11956727", "chunk_text": "\"Jacoby Brissett\"\nJacoby Brissett Jacoby Jajuan Brissett (born December 11, 1992) is an American football quarterback for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Florida before transferring to NC State, and was drafted by the New England Patriots in the third round of the 2016 NFL Draft. As a member of the Patriots he won Super Bowl LI over the Atlanta Falcons as a backup to Tom Brady, and was traded to the Colts the following season. Brissett attended William T. Dwyer High School in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida. Rivals.com ranked him as a four-star", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2256302", "chunk_text": "\"Josh Freeman\"\nJosh Freeman Joshua Tyler Freeman (born January 13, 1988) is a former American football quarterback. He played college football at Kansas State University, and was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the first round of the 2009 NFL Draft. Freeman was also a member of the Minnesota Vikings, New York Giants, Miami Dolphins and Indianapolis Colts, as well as the Brooklyn Bolts of the Fall Experimental Football League (FXFL) and the Montreal Alouettes of the Canadian Football League (CFL). Freeman passed for over 7,000 yards at Grandview High School where he was a four-star rated prospect by both Rivals.com", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17176757", "chunk_text": "\"Jon Gruden\"\nJon Gruden Jon David Gruden (born August 17, 1963) is an American football coach who is the head coach of the Oakland Raiders. He had been the head coach of the Raiders from 1998 to 2001 and Tampa Bay Buccaneers from 2002 to 2008. With the Buccaneers, he won Super Bowl XXXVII in 2003 in his first year with the team, defeating the Raiders, who had traded him to Tampa Bay the previous offseason. At the time, Gruden, aged 39 years, 5 months and 9 days, was the youngest head coach to win a Super Bowl. Before returning to coaching", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "594440", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nby Atlanta, whose star quarterback Michael Vick had been arrested on dog fighting charges in the preseason, and the season-ending ACL tear suffered by New Orleans running back Deuce McAllister. they finished off the season on a low point, however, but still won the NFC South division, and qualified for a playoff spot at 9–7. Tampa Bay were set to host the New York Giants at Raymond James Stadium for their second home playoff game in three seasons. They began well opening up the scoreboard with the first touchdown of the game, which was a 1-yard Earnest Graham run. However,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11342900", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Boryla\"\ndebut at Plays and Players Theatre in Philadelphia performing \"\"The Disappearing Quarterback\"\", a one-man autobiographical theatrical performance that includes history, wit, and thinly veiled opinions regarding professional sports concussions. Mike Boryla Michael Jay Boryla (born March 6, 1951) was an American football quarterback in the National Football League for the Philadelphia Eagles and Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the 1970s. He played college football at Stanford University, where he was the team's MVP during his senior season. Chosen by the NFL's Bengals in the 4th round of the 1974 NFL Draft, Boryla was then traded to the Eagles. At the 1976", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1155013", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\n(traded to Pittsburgh Steelers), former New York Jets kicker Nick Folk, and veteran quarterback Ryan Fitzpatrick. They were hampered with poor performance and an early kicking situation, as they failed to improve or match their 9–7 record from the previous season. After a loss to the Detroit Lions, they were mathematically eliminated from the playoffs with a 4–9 record. The Bucs finished the season 5-11. This was their tenth consecutive season without a playoff appearance, with their last being in the 2007 season. Also, the Bucs finished last in the NFC South for the seventh time in nine seasons. Throughout", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13136075", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Prior\"\nMike Prior Michael Robert Prior (born November 14, 1963) to Donald and Mary Prior, is an American former professional football player who was selected by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the 7th round of the 1985 NFL Draft. A 6'0\"\", . safety from Illinois State University, Prior played in 13 NFL seasons from 1985 and 1987 to 1998 for the Buccaneers, Indianapolis Colts, and Green Bay Packers, recording 35 interceptions and 17 fumble recoveries. Prior was one of the captains of Super Bowl XXXI and intercepted a pass for the Packers thrown by quarterback Drew Bledsoe of the New England", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "94743", "chunk_text": "\"2012 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season\"\nBuccaneers walked out of Bank of America Stadium with perhaps one of the most impressive comeback wins in their franchise history. Quarterback Josh Freeman threw for 248 yards and 3 touchdowns. Freeman threw 2 interceptions in this game as well. Nate Byham caught a 3-yard pass for a touchdown for the Bucs in the first quarter. Connor Barth scored 2 field goals in this game. Late in the fourth quarter, Vincent Jackson caught a 24-yard pass for a touchdown with 12 seconds left. Jackson caught the two-point conversion to tie the game. Dallas Clark caught a 15-yard pass for a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1484216", "chunk_text": "\"Josh Freeman\"\nDecember 27, 2009, he led the Buccaneers to a 20–17 overtime win over the 13–1 New Orleans Saints, preventing them from clinching the top seed in the playoffs for one more week. Freeman began the 2010 season as the Buccaneers' starting quarterback. He started all 16 games of the season, the first Buccaneer quarterback to do so since Brad Johnson in 2003. On December 26, 2010, Freeman completed 21 of 26 pass attempts for 227 yards and 5 touchdowns against the Seattle Seahawks, matching a franchise record for touchdowns in a game. On January 1, 2011 Freeman completed 21 of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20518343", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season\"\nThe Giants took a 23–22 lead with 3:16 remaining in regulation after a 2-yard touchdown pass from Eli Manning to Rhett Ellison. In the final three minutes, Winston drove the Buccaneers to the Giants' 16-yard line. Folk kicked a 34-yard field goal just inside the left upright as time expired, and Tampa Bay won 25–23. The Tampa Bay defense played significantly better, picking off Patriots quarterback Tom Brady (his first interception of the season) and getting a sack fumble. Running back Doug Martin returned from his suspension, and had a productive showing, rushing for 74 yards on 14 carries and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15185154", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Boryla\"\nMike Boryla Michael Jay Boryla (born March 6, 1951) was an American football quarterback in the National Football League for the Philadelphia Eagles and Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the 1970s. He played college football at Stanford University, where he was the team's MVP during his senior season. Chosen by the NFL's Bengals in the 4th round of the 1974 NFL Draft, Boryla was then traded to the Eagles. At the 1976 Pro Bowl he threw two touchdown passes in the final minutes of the game to lead the NFC to a 23-20 win. In 2014, Boryla made his professional acting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6265865", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nthe Bucs in each of the last two seasons' wild card games. Tampa Bay entered the game as heavy underdogs and fell behind early. However, the Bucs persevered and took a ten-point lead into the fourth quarter. Ronde Barber sealed the win in dramatic fashion with a late interception return for a touchdown, and a 27–10 victory. The Bucs then went on to rout Gruden's former team, the Raiders, who had the league's number one offense, by a score of 48–21 in Super Bowl XXXVII, nicknamed 'The Pirate Bowl'. Soon after the Super Bowl victory, a growing number of press", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9945985", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Tampa Bay Buccaneers season\"\ndrives, and trimmed the deficit to 8 points with just over three minutes remaining. Facing a 3rd down & 11 at their own 24 yard line, Ryan Fitzpatrick scrambled 12 yards for a Buccaneers first down at the two minute warning. The victory was secure as the Saints had no more time outs, and the Buccaneers took a knee three times to run out the clock. Tampa Bay won their second straight game, starting the season 2–0 for the first time since 2010. Quarterback Ryan Fitzpatrick threw for 402 yards and 4 touchdown passes, the first player in NFL history", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9235046", "chunk_text": "\"Byron Leftwich\"\n1 touchdown. Leftwich earned a Super Bowl ring as the Steelers' backup when the Steelers defeated the Arizona Cardinals in Super Bowl XLIII. Leftwich agreed to terms on a two-year contract worth $17 million with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on April 12, 2009. On August 29, Buccaneers head coach Raheem Morris named Leftwich the team's starter for the 2009 regular season. On September 28, Buccaneers benched Leftwich after a disappointing loss to the New York Giants and an 0-3 start to the season. Josh Johnson was named the Tampa Bay Buccaneers' new starting QB, while Leftwich moved down to 3rd", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1154999", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\n2015 lawsuit by Tynes that settled in 2017. During training camp, a reported rift began to divide Schiano and quarterback Josh Freeman. After an 0-3 start, Freeman was benched, and ultimately released. This was after Freeman reportedly missed several team meetings, along with the team's annual photograph. Schiano started rookie Mike Glennon, but the team continued to lose. The fans' confidence of Schiano began to decay rapidly, and after an 0-8 start, the team finally got its first win of the season on a Monday night against Miami. A brief win streak saw improvements with Glennon at quarterback, and Bobby", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18626260", "chunk_text": "\"Jon Gruden\"\nTampa Tribune\"\" on March 28, 2007, Buccaneers executive vice president Joel Glazer discussed the state of the Buccaneers. During the interview, Joel Glazer defended Gruden's performance, citing lost draft picks, injuries, and salary cap issues. However, he also said \"\"Mediocrity will never be standard for the Buccaneers, but we have to move on.\"\" In 2007, the team finally cleared itself of salary cap constraints and united Gruden with a mobile West Coast quarterback in former Pro Bowler and Grey Cup winner Jeff Garcia. The Buccaneers returned to the playoffs in 2007 with a 9–7 record, including five divisional wins (after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3565154", "chunk_text": "\"Tampa Bay Buccaneers\"\nblowout against struggling Washington. The Bucs would lose the next three games and were officially knocked out of playoff contention in week 14. The Bucs would finish 2–14, winning 2 less games than the previous season and secured the first-overall draft pick for the 2015 NFL draft. Despite the team's record, first-round draft pick wide receiver Mike Evans had more than 1,000 receiving yards and he became the youngest NFL player to record more than 200 receiving yards in a single game. Vincent Jackson also had more than 1,000 yards receiving, which represented Tampa Bay's first pair of 1,000 yard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_219	who did the central powers defeat on the eastern front before concentrating back on france?	n/a	[ "the Russian army" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "101922", "chunk_text": "\"Central Powers\"\nFrench and US forces in north-eastern France and Belgium. There was no unified treaty ending the war; the Central Powers were dealt with in separate treaties. Central Powers The Central Powers (; ; / ; ), consisting of Germany, , the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria—hence also known as the Quadruple Alliance ()—was one of the two main coalitions that fought World War I (1914–18). It faced and was defeated by the Allied Powers that had formed around the Triple Entente. The Powers' origin was the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1879. Despite having joined the alliance before, Italy refused", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "876064", "chunk_text": "\"Central Powers\"\nCentral Powers The Central Powers (; ; / ; ), consisting of Germany, , the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria—hence also known as the Quadruple Alliance ()—was one of the two main coalitions that fought World War I (1914–18). It faced and was defeated by the Allied Powers that had formed around the Triple Entente. The Powers' origin was the alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary in 1879. Despite having joined the alliance before, Italy refused to take part in World War I on the side of the Central Powers; the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria did not join until after World War", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17006235", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War I)\"\nthat war with either of these combatants would result in war with the other, which meant that there would be war in both the west and the east. Therefore, the German General Staff, Alfred von Schlieffen, planned a quick, all-out ground war on the Western Front to take France and, upon victory, Germany would turn its attention to Russia in the east. Von Schlieffen believed Russia would not be ready or willing to move against and attack Germany due to the huge losses of military equipment that Russia suffered in the Russo-Japanese war, her low population density and lack of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15511956", "chunk_text": "\"Central Powers\"\nRussia, declared a state of general mobilization. In August 1914, Germany waged war on Russia, the German government justified military action against Russia as necessary because of Russian aggression as demonstrated by the mobilization of the Russian army that had resulted in Germany mobilizing in response. After Germany declared war on Russia, France with its alliance with Russia prepared a general mobilization in expectation of war. On 3 August 1914, Germany responded to this action by declaring war on France. Germany, facing a two-front war, enacted what was known as the Schlieffen Plan, that involved German armed forces needing to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17006227", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War I)\"\nEastern Front (World War I) The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (, , \"\"Vostochnıy front\"\") was a theatre of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between the Russian Empire and Romania on one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and the German Empire on the other. It stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, included most of Eastern Europe and stretched deep into Central Europe as well. The term contrasts with \"\"Western Front\"\", which was being fought in Belgium and France.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16155648", "chunk_text": "\"Joseph Joffre\"\nJoseph Joffre Marshal Joseph Jacques Césaire Joffre (; 12 January 1852 – 3 January 1931), was a French general who served as Commander-in-Chief of French forces on the Western Front from the start of World War I until the end of 1916. He is best known for regrouping the retreating allied armies to defeat the Germans at the strategically decisive First Battle of the Marne in September 1914. His political position waned after unsuccessful offensives in 1915, the German attack on Verdun in 1916, and the disappointing results of the Anglo-French offensive on the Somme in 1916. At the end", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14450059", "chunk_text": "\"European theatre of World War I\"\nWestern Front involved the allied powers of France, the British Empire, Belgium, and America fighting against the armed forces of the German Empire. The fighting on the Eastern Front was primarily contested by the German army and the Austro-Hungarian army on one side and the forces of the Russian Empire and Romania on the other. The Eastern front covered a very large territory, from the Baltic in the north to the Black Sea in the south and from Prussia and Galicia in the west to Latvia and Minsk to the east. The fighting on this front ended early, with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11456699", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of France\"\nin the Franco-Prussian War led to the loss of Alsace-Lorraine and the creation of a united German Empire, both results representing major failures in long-term French foreign policy and sparking a vengeful, nationalist revanchism meant to earn back former territories. The Dreyfus Affair, however, mitigated these nationalist tendencies by prompting public skepticism about the competence of the military. In World War I, the French, with their allies, managed to hold the Western front and to counterattack on the Eastern front and in the colonies until the final defeat of the Central Powers and their allies. After major conflicts such as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15511957", "chunk_text": "\"Central Powers\"\nmove through Belgium and swing south into France and towards the French capital of Paris. This plan was hoped to quickly gain victory against the French and allow German forces to concentrate on the Eastern Front. Belgium was a neutral country and would not accept German forces crossing its territory. Germany disregarded Belgian neutrality and invaded the country to launch an offensive towards Paris. This caused Great Britain to declare war against the German Empire, as the action violated the Treaty of London that both nations signed in 1839 guaranteeing Belgian neutrality and defense of the kingdom if a nation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17656165", "chunk_text": "\"Campaign in north-east France (1814)\"\nParis and during the early stages of the Congress of Vienna. Following defeats in the Wars of the Fourth and Fifth Coalitions, Prussia and Austria were forcibly allied with France during the Russian Campaign. When this campaign resulted in the destruction of Napoleon's Grande Armée, Prussia and Austria took advantage of this situation by forming a Sixth Coalition against France. The retreat from Russia turned into a new war on German soil, where Napoleon was decisively defeated at Leipzig. Most European countries then turned against Napoleon and started to invade France. When the last of the French troops had crossed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8868103", "chunk_text": "\"Great Retreat\"\nGreat Retreat The Great Retreat, () also known as the Retreat from Mons, is the name given to the long withdrawal to the River Marne, in August and September 1914, by the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) and the French Fifth Army, Allied forces on the Western Front in the First World War, after their defeat by the armies of the German Empire at the Battle of Charleroi (21 August) and the Battle of Mons (23 August). A counter-offensive by the Fifth Army, with some assistance from the BEF at the First Battle of Guise (Battle of St. Quentin failed to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17006266", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War I)\"\nForce commenced an incessant bombing of Bucharest. In an attempt to relieve some pressure, French and British forces launched a new offensive known as the Battle of the Somme, while the Brusilov Offensive continued in the East. The entrance of Romania into the war was disconcerting for von Hindenburg. On September 15, Paul von Hindenburg issued the following order, stating that: \"\"The main task of the Armies is now to hold fast all positions on the Western, Eastern, Italian and Macedonian Fronts, and to employ all other available forces against Rumania.\"\" Fortunately for the Central Powers, the quantity and quality", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17006265", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War I)\"\nthe Germans. In September 1916, German troops were mobilized to the Eastern Front. Additionally, the German Chief of the General Staff, General Erich Von Falkenhayn was forced to resign from office though his successor appointed him to command the combined Central Powers forces against Romania, along with General August von Mackensen. Kaiser Wilhelm II immediately replaced Falkenhayn with Paul von Hindenburg. Von Hindenburg's deputy, the more adept Erich Ludendorff, was given effective control of the army and ordered to advance on Romania. On September 3, the first troops of the Central Powers marched into Romanian territory. Simultaneously, the Bulgarian Air", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17006240", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War I)\"\nRussia's position immediately prior to the War. According to D. C. Lieven, Russia was formidable and was able to back up her diplomatic policies with force. In 1870–1914, the four leading powers in Europe were Russia, Prussia, Austria and France, each of whom exercised a similar proportion of power at the time. One of the most significant factors in bringing Russia to the brink of war was the downfall of her economy. The 20 percent jump in defense expenditure during 1866–77 and in 1871-5 forced them to change their position within Europe and shift the balance of power out of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17006263", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War I)\"\nmid-June. Although the Brusilov Offensive was initially successful, it slowed down considerably. An inadequate number of troops and poorly maintained supply lines hindered Brusilov's ability to follow up on the initial victories in June. The Brusilov Offensive is considered to be the greatest Russian victory of the First World War. Although it cost the Russians half a million casualties, the offensive successfully diverted substantial forces of the Central Powers from the Western front, and persuaded Romania to join the war, diverting even more Central Powers forces to the East. Up until 1916, the Romanians followed the tides of war with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11958277", "chunk_text": "\"History of France\"\nAugust, and started sending in troops on 7 August. Italy, although tied to Germany, remained neutral and then joined the Allies in 1915. Germany's \"\"Schlieffen Plan\"\" was to quickly defeat the French. They captured Brussels, Belgium by 20 August and soon had captured a large portion of northern France. The original plan was to continue southwest and attack Paris from the west. By early September they were within of Paris, and the French government had relocated to Bordeaux. The Allies finally stopped the advance northeast of Paris at the Marne River (5–12 September 1914). The war now became a stalemate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12294236", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Lorraine\"\nBattle of Lorraine The Battle of Lorraine (14 August – 7 September 1914) was a battle on the Western Front during the First World War. The armies of France and Germany had completed their mobilisation, the French with Plan XVII, to conduct an offensive through Lorraine and Alsace into Germany and the Germans with \"\"Aufmarsch II West\"\", for an offensive in the north through Luxembourg and Belgium into France, supplemented with attacks in the south to prevent the French from transferring troops to the greater threat in the north. Belgian military planning was based on the assumption that other powers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17006257", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War I)\"\nmid-1915, the Russians had been expelled from Russian Poland and hence pushed hundreds of kilometers away from the borders of the Central Powers, removing the threat of Russian invasion of Germany or Austria-Hungary. At the end of 1915 German-Austrian advance was stopped on the line Riga–Jakobstadt–Dünaburg–Baranovichi–Pinsk–Dubno–Ternopil. The general outline of this front line did not change until the Russian collapse in 1917. After the Battle of Sarikamish, the Russo-Turkish front quickly turned in favor of Russian forces. The Turks were concerned with reorganizing their army and committing the Armenian Genocide. Meanwhile, Russia was preoccupied with other armies on the Eastern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11509297", "chunk_text": "\"Second Battle of the Marne\"\nSecond Battle of the Marne The Second Battle of the Marne () (15 July – 6 August 1918) was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during the First World War. The attack failed when an Allied counterattack, supported by several hundred tanks, overwhelmed the Germans on their right flank, inflicting severe casualties. The German defeat marked the start of the relentless Allied advance which culminated in the Armistice with Germany about 100 days later. Following the failure of the Spring Offensive to end the conflict, Erich Ludendorff, Chief Quartermaster General, believed that an attack through Flanders would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9379693", "chunk_text": "\"Second Battle of the Marne\"\nSecond Battle of the Marne The Second Battle of the Marne () (15 July – 6 August 1918) was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during the First World War. The attack failed when an Allied counterattack, supported by several hundred tanks, overwhelmed the Germans on their right flank, inflicting severe casualties. The German defeat marked the start of the relentless Allied advance which culminated in the Armistice with Germany about 100 days later. Following the failure of the Spring Offensive to end the conflict, Erich Ludendorff, Chief Quartermaster General, believed that an attack through Flanders would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "597796", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War I)\"\na million German soldiers remained tied up in the east until the end of the war, attempting to run a short-lived addition to the German Empire in Europe. In the end, Germany and Austria lost all their captured lands, and more, under various treaties (such as the Treaty of Versailles) signed after the armistice in 1918. On 10 November, one day before the end of World War I, Romania re-declared war on the Central Powers, thus reigniting the Eastern Front. On 11 November, the last day of the war, the Romanian Army occupied Chernivtsi, the capital of the Austrian Duchy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13542707", "chunk_text": "\"Pierre Renouvin\"\nAugust 1918 was the \"\"black day of the German Army\"\", as that day marked the successful beginning of the Battle of Amiens, with the Canadian Corps of the British Expeditionary Force smashing through the German lines, leading to the Hundreds Days' Offensive with the French, British Commonwealth, and American forces steadily advancing through Northern France and into Belgium. By October 1918, the Ottoman Empire had surrendered, Austria-Hungary had collapsed as a state following a French-led offensive in the Balkans, under the command of Marshal Louis Franchet d'Espèrey, and America's enormous industrial capacity and manpower meant that Germany had no hope", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20540540", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War II)\"\nEastern Front (World War II) The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union (U.S.S.R.), Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945. It has been known as the Great Patriotic War (, \"\"Velikaya Otechestvennaya Voyna\"\") in the former Soviet Union and modern Russia, while in Germany it was called the Eastern Front (), or the German-Soviet War by outside parties. The battles on the Eastern Front of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4989602", "chunk_text": "\"World War I\"\nunder this, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August. On 12 August, Britain and France also declared war on Austria-Hungary; on the 23rd, Japan sided with the Entente, seizing the opportunity to expand its sphere of influence by capturing German possessions in China and the Pacific. The war was fought in and drew upon each powers' colonial empires as well, spreading the conflict across the globe. The Entente and its allies would eventually become known as the Allied Powers, while the grouping of Austria-Hungary and Germany would become known as the Central Powers. The German advance into France was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14569077", "chunk_text": "\"Operation Faustschlag\"\nOperation Faustschlag The Operation Faustschlag (\"\"Operation Fist Punch\"\"), also known as the Eleven Days' War, was a Central Powers offensive in World War I. It was the last major action on the Eastern Front. Russian forces were unable to put up any serious resistance due to the turmoil of the Russian Revolution and subsequent Russian Civil War. The armies of the Central Powers therefore captured huge territories in the Baltics, Belarus, and Ukraine, forcing the Bolshevik government of Russia to sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Bolsheviks took power in Russia during the October Revolution and announced that Russia would be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7376128", "chunk_text": "\"Operation Faustschlag\"\nOperation Faustschlag The Operation Faustschlag (\"\"Operation Fist Punch\"\"), also known as the Eleven Days' War, was a Central Powers offensive in World War I. It was the last major action on the Eastern Front. Russian forces were unable to put up any serious resistance due to the turmoil of the Russian Revolution and subsequent Russian Civil War. The armies of the Central Powers therefore captured huge territories in the Baltics, Belarus, and Ukraine, forcing the Bolshevik government of Russia to sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Bolsheviks took power in Russia during the October Revolution and announced that Russia would be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7855665", "chunk_text": "\"Western Front (World War I)\"\nwarfare on the Western Front, both sides tried new military technology, including poison gas, aircraft and tanks. The adoption of better tactics and the cumulative weakening of the armies in the west led to the return of mobility in 1918. The German Spring Offensive of 1918 was made possible by the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk that ended the war of the Central Powers against Russia and Romania on the Eastern Front. Using short, intense \"\"hurricane\"\" bombardments and infiltration tactics, the German armies moved nearly to the west, the deepest advance by either side since 1914, but the result was indecisive. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4916148", "chunk_text": "\"Strategy of the central position\"\nStrategy of the central position The strategy of the central position was a key tactical doctrine followed by Napoleon in the Napoleonic Wars. It involved attacking two cooperating armies at their hinge, swinging around to fight one until it fled, then turning to face the other. The strategy allowed the use of a smaller force to defeat a larger one. However, these tactics, while successful at the battles of Ligny and Quatre Bras, failed at the Battle of Waterloo, and Napoleon was defeated because he was not able to prevent the joining of the British and Dutch forces by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20281593", "chunk_text": "\"France–Russia relations\"\nbrought together Germany, Austria and Russia-had as its stated purpose the preservation of the monarchical order in Europe against the France of the Third Republic. After the defeat in the Franco-German war of 1870-71, French elites concluded that France could never hope to defeat Germany on its own, and the way to defeat the \"\"Reich\"\" would be with the help of another great power. Otto von Bismarck drew the same conclusion and worked hard to keep France diplomatically isolated. France was deeply split between the monarchists on one side, and the Republicans on the other. The Republicans at first seemed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3630054", "chunk_text": "\"Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive\"\nGorlice–Tarnów Offensive The Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive during World War I was initially conceived as a minor German offensive to relieve Russian pressure on the Austro-Hungarians to their south on the Eastern Front, but resulted in the Central Powers' chief offensive effort of 1915, causing the total collapse of the Russian lines and their retreat far into Russia. The continued series of actions lasted the majority of the campaigning season for 1915, starting in early May and only ending due to bad weather in October. The primary cause of the Central Powers victory was their superior artillery firepower. German heavy field guns", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15511958", "chunk_text": "\"Central Powers\"\nreneged. Subsequently, several states declared war on Germany in late August 1914, with Italy declaring war on Austria-Hungary in 1915 and Germany on 27 August 1916, the United States declaring war on Germany on 6 April 1917 and Greece declaring war on Germany in July 1917. Upon its founding in 1871, the German Empire controlled Alsace-Lorraine as an \"\"imperial territory\"\" incorporated from France after the Franco-Prussian War. It was held as part of Germany's sovereign territory. Germany held multiple African colonies at the time of World War I. All of Germany's African colonies were invaded and occupied by Allied forces", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17006255", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War I)\"\norder to attack the Austro-Hungarian troops further to the west. They made some progress, crossing the Carpathians in February and March 1915, but then the German relief helped the Austrians stop further Russian advances. In the meantime, Przemysl was almost entirely destroyed and the Siege of Przemysl ended in a defeat for the Austrians. In 1915 the German command decided to make its main effort on the Eastern Front, and accordingly transferred considerable forces there. To eliminate the Russian threat the Central Powers began the campaign season of 1915 with the successful Gorlice-Tarnow Offensive in Galicia in May 1915. After", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8103972", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Paris (1814)\"\nBattle of Paris (1814) The Battle of Paris was fought on March 30–31, 1814 between the Sixth Coalition—consisting of Russia, Austria, and Prussia against the French Empire. After a day of fighting in the suburbs of Paris, the French surrendered on March 31, ending the War of the Sixth Coalition and forcing Emperor Napoleon to abdicate and go into exile. Napoleon was retreating from his failed invasion of Russia in 1812. With the Russian armies following up victory, the Sixth Coalition was formed with Russia, Austria, Prussia, Great Britain, Sweden, Spain and other nations hostile to the French Empire. Even", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19423605", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Galicia\"\nthe Central Powers in the east (especially the Austro-Hungarian armies, which were Russia's primary target), Conrad believed that their best option was an early advance into southern Poland where the Russians would be concentrating their newly mobilized units. Conrad knew that his German allies were committed to an offensive in the West to defeat the French in the first ten weeks of the war. Only the German 8th army would be in the East, where they would stand on the defensive in East Prussia. However, their alliance with the French obliged the Russians to attack the Germans promptly, so substantial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14109616", "chunk_text": "\"Hundred Days Offensive\"\nHundred Days Offensive The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was an Allied offensive which ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed Central Powers back after their gains from the Spring Offensive. The Germans eventually retreated to the Hindenburg Line, culminating in the Armistice of 11 November 1918. The term \"\"Hundred Days Offensive\"\" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the German armies had no reply. The Spring Offensive of the German Army", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6622590", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of France\"\nBattle of France The Battle of France, also known as the Fall of France, was the German invasion of France and the Low Countries during the Second World War. In the six weeks from 10 May 1940, German forces defeated Allied forces by mobile operations and conquered France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands, bringing land operations on the Western Front to an end until 6 June 1944. Italy entered the war on 10 June 1940 and invaded France over the Alps. The German plan for the invasion consisted of two main operations. In \"\"Fall Gelb\"\" (Case Yellow), German armoured units", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1556061", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Grand Couronné\"\nBattle of Grand Couronné The Battle of Grand Couronné () took place in France after the Battle of the Frontiers, at the beginning of the First World War. After the German victories of Sarrebourg and Morhange; pursuit by the German 6th Army (Crown Prince Rupprecht of Bavaria) and the 7th Army took four days to regain contact with the French. The Germans attacked to break through French defences on the Moselle, from in three phases, the Battle of the Trouée de Charmes (24–28 August) when the German offensive was met by a French counter-offensive, a period of preparation from when", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17383823", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Question\"\nnot to establish any naval or military arsenal on that sea coast. The Black Sea clauses came at a tremendous disadvantage to Russia, for it greatly diminished the naval threat it posed to the Ottomans. Moreover, all the Great Powers pledged to respect the independence and territorial integrity of the Ottoman Empire. The Treaty of Paris stood until 1871, when France was crushed in the Franco-Prussian War. While Prussia and several other German states united into a powerful German Empire, Napoleon III was deposed in the formation of the French Third Republic. Napoleon had opposed Russia over the Eastern Question", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8868140", "chunk_text": "\"Great Retreat\"\nforces which had been in Belgium since August. Books Websites Great Retreat The Great Retreat, () also known as the Retreat from Mons, is the name given to the long withdrawal to the River Marne, in August and September 1914, by the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) and the French Fifth Army, Allied forces on the Western Front in the First World War, after their defeat by the armies of the German Empire at the Battle of Charleroi (21 August) and the Battle of Mons (23 August). A counter-offensive by the Fifth Army, with some assistance from the BEF at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7131731", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of the Frontiers\"\nBattle of the Frontiers The Battle of the Frontiers (; ; ) was a series of battles fought along the eastern frontier of France and in southern Belgium, shortly after the outbreak of the First World War. The battles resolved the military strategies of the French Chief of Staff General Joseph Joffre with Plan XVII and an offensive interpretation of the German deployment plan by Helmuth von Moltke the Younger. The German concentration on the right (northern) flank, to wheel through Belgium and attack the French in the rear, was delayed by the movement of French Fifth Army (General Charles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "100498", "chunk_text": "\"Plan XVII\"\nwith a counter-offensive at the First Battle of the Marne, assisted by the British. Helmuth von Moltke the Younger, Chief of the German General Staff, had tried to apply the offensive strategy of \"\"Aufmarsch I\"\" (a plan for an isolated Franco-German war, with all German forces deployed against France), to the inadequate western deployment of \"\"Aufmarsch II\"\" (only 80 percent of the army assembled in the west), to counter the French offensive of \"\"Plan XVII\"\". In 2014, Holmes wrote, The French offensive was defeated in a few days; on the right the First and Second armies advanced on 14 August", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7082844", "chunk_text": "Adlertag\nYellow), and also known as the Manstein Plan—began in the West on 10 May 1940. The central campaign—the Battle of France—ended in Allied defeat and the destruction of the main French Army forces. The British Expeditionary Force escaped during the Battle of Dunkirk, but the \"\"Wehrmacht\"\" captured Paris on 14 June and overran ⅔ of France. The French surrendered on 25 June 1940. With Western Europe neutralised, the OKL and OKW turned their attention to Britain, which was now home to the Allied base of operations in Europe. Hitler hoped Britain would negotiate for an armistice, for which he was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2683597", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Soissons (1918)\"\nBattle of Soissons (1918) The Battle of Soissons (also known as the Battle of the Soissonnais and of the Ourcq () was a battle during World War I, waged from 18 to 22 July 1918, between the French (with American and British assistance) and German armies. Ferdinand Foch, the Allied Supreme Commander, launched the offensive on 18 July; 24 French divisions and 2 British and 2 U.S. divisions under French command, supported by approximately 478 tanks, sought to eliminate the salient that was aimed at Paris. The Allies suffered 107,000 casualties (95,000 French and 12,000 American), while the Germans suffered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20540542", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War II)\"\nII, eventually serving as the main reason for the defeat of Nazi Germany and the Axis nations. The two principal belligerent powers were Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, along with their respective allies. Though never engaged in military action in the Eastern Front, the United States and the United Kingdom both provided substantial material aid in the form of the Lend-Lease to the Soviet Union. The joint German–Finnish operations across the northernmost Finnish–Soviet border and in the Murmansk region are considered part of the Eastern Front. In addition, the Soviet–Finnish Continuation War may also be considered the northern flank", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16634646", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of the Ardennes\"\nBattle of the Ardennes The Battle of the Ardennes was a battle of the First World War fought on the frontiers of France, Germany, Belgium and Luxembourg from 21 to 23 August 1914. The German armies defeated the French armies and forced the French armies to retreat. The battle was part of the larger Battle of the Frontiers, the first battle of the Western Front. Belgian military planning was based on an assumption that other powers would eject an invader but the likelihood of a German invasion did not lead to France and Britain being seen as allies or for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14342606", "chunk_text": "\"First Battle of the Marne\"\nFirst Battle of the Marne The Battle of the Marne (, also known as the Miracle of the Marne, \"\"Le Miracle de la Marne\"\") was a World War I battle fought from It resulted in an Allied victory against the German armies in the west. The battle was the culmination of the German advance into France and pursuit of the Allied armies which followed the Battle of the Frontiers in August and had reached the eastern outskirts of Paris. A counter-attack by six French armies and the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) along the Marne River forced the Imperial German Army", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4122118", "chunk_text": "\"World War I\"\nappointed as supreme commander of the Allied forces. Haig, Petain, and Pershing retained tactical control of their respective armies; Foch assumed a co-ordinating rather than a directing role, and the British, French, and US commands operated largely independently. Following Operation Michael, Germany launched Operation Georgette against the northern English Channel ports. The Allies halted the drive after limited territorial gains by Germany. The German Army to the south then conducted Operations Blücher and Yorck, pushing broadly towards Paris. Germany launched Operation Marne (Second Battle of the Marne) on 15 July, in an attempt to encircle Reims. The resulting counter-attack, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6488891", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Verdun\"\nBattle of Verdun The Battle of Verdun ( ; ), fought from 21 February to 18 December 1916, was the largest and longest battle of the First World War on the Western Front between the German and French armies. The battle took place on the hills north of Verdun-sur-Meuse in north-eastern France. The German 5th Army attacked the defences of the Fortified Region of Verdun (\"\"RFV, Région Fortifiée de Verdun\"\") and those of the French Second Army on the right bank of the Meuse. Inspired by the experience of the Second Battle of Champagne in 1915, the Germans planned to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18425910", "chunk_text": "Napoleon\nwar. The French launched a major invasion of Russia in the summer of 1812. The campaign destroyed Russian cities but resulted in the collapse of the \"\"Grande Armée\"\" and inspired a renewed push against Napoleon by his enemies. In 1813, Prussia and Austria joined Russian forces in the War of the Sixth Coalition against France. A lengthy military campaign culminated in a large Allied army defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Leipzig in October 1813, but his tactical victory at the minor Battle of Hanau allowed retreat onto French soil. The Allies then invaded France and captured Paris in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11749315", "chunk_text": "\"German invasion of Belgium\"\non the common border. A corollary to the emphasis on the Western Front was a lack of troops for the Eastern Front against Russia. In the east the Germans planned a defensive strategy and relied on the Austro-Hungarian Army (\"\"Landstreitkräfte Österreich-Ungarns/Császári és Királyi Hadsereg\"\") to divert the Russians from East Prussia, while France was crushed. Divisions from the German army in the west (\"\"Westheer\"\") would be redeployed to the East to deal with the Russians as soon as a breathing-space was gained against the French. Under Plan XVII the French peacetime army was to form five field armies, with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_220	what kind of fish live in the salton sea?	n/a	[ "tilapia" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2851627", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\nmud volcanoes are found on the eastern side of the Salton Sea. A number of geothermal electricity generation plants are located along the southeastern shore of the Salton Sea in Imperial County. The US Geological Survey describes the smell as \"\"objectionable\"\", \"\"noxious\"\", \"\"unique\"\", and \"\"pervasive\"\". Due to the high salinity, very few fish species can tolerate living in the Salton Sea. Introduced tilapia are the main fish that can tolerate the high salinity levels and pollution. Other freshwater fish species live in the rivers and canals that feed the Salton Sea, including threadfin shad, carp, red shiner, channel catfish, white", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1985666", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\nbody was initially a freshwater lake, but by the 1960s, its rising salinity had begun to jeopardize some of its species. With a salinity now exceeding 5.0% w/v (saltier than seawater), most species of fish can no longer survive. A freshwater fish notable for its ability to withstand the rising salinity of the Salton Sea, the desert pupfish, can survive salinities ranging from 0.0% to 7.0%. Fertilizer runoffs have resulted in eutrophication, with large algal blooms and elevated bacterial levels. By 2014, large swaths of lake bed were exposed and salt levels drastically increased due to mandated water transfers to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2851628", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\ncatfish, largemouth bass, mosquitofish, sailfin molly, and the vulnerable desert pupfish. The California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment has developed a safe eating advisory for fish caught in the Salton Sea based on levels of mercury or PCBs found in local species. The Salton Sea has been termed a \"\"crown jewel of avian biodiversity\"\" by Dr. Milt Friend of the Salton Sea Science Office. Over 400 species have been documented at the Salton Sea. The most diverse and probably the most significant populations of bird life in the continental United States are hosted, rivaled only by Big Bend National", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4136411", "chunk_text": "\"Tilapia as exotic species\"\nThe California Department of Fish and Wildlife introduced several species of oceanic fishes into the Salton Sea. These species originated from the Gulf of California and included some of the following, orangemouth corvina (Cynoscion xanthulus), bairdiella (Bairdiella icistia), sargo (Anisotremus davidsoni), and threadfin shad (Dorosoma petenense). The tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) was most likely introduced to the Salton Sea sometime during the 1960s. The exact time and location of tilapia introduction remains largely unknown, although speculation points to farmed tilapia escaping into the Salton Sea. Adult members of the tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus prey upon a variety of organisms within the Salton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16981309", "chunk_text": "\"Sonny Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge\"\ncontinuing supply of food for fish. Periodically, decomposition of large algal blooms diminishes the dissolved oxygen in the water. This decomposition has been tied to occasional fish die-offs that occur throughout the year. Tilapia is the most common fish found in the Salton Sea. Tilapia is the most populous fish in the Sea due to its ability to adapt to highly saline conditions and the fact that it is a prolific breeder. Tilapia are an important food source for birds and other fish, along with being a popular game fish. They can weigh more than . The refuge has two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16761095", "chunk_text": "\"Tilapia as exotic species\"\nwhich tilapia can be found. The Salton Sea is California’s largest body of inland water. During the early twentieth century, the Colorado River overflowed into a series of irrigation canals. From 1905-1907, river water collected into the Salton Sea basin, later forming the Salton Sea. For the past century, river runoff and evaporation have greatly increased the salinity of the Salton Sea. Presently, the introduced Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and only a handful of other fish species are capable of tolerating the Salton Sea's high concentrations of salinity. Although the Mozambique tilapia is most commonly an invasive species throughout much", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18483684", "chunk_text": "\"Death Valley pupfish\"\nDeath Valley pupfish The Death Valley pupfish (\"\"Cyprinodon salinus\"\"), also known as Salt Creek pupfish, is found in Death Valley National Park. There are two recognized subspecies: \"\"C. s. salinus\"\" and \"\"C. s. milleri\"\". It is endemic to two small, isolated locations and currently classified as endangered. The desert pupfish is a small, silvery colored fish with 6-9 dark bands on its sides. It has an average length of , with a recorded maximum of . The males turn bright blue during mating season, April through October. The pupfish can withstand harsh conditions that would kill other fish: water that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16761096", "chunk_text": "\"Tilapia as exotic species\"\nof the southwestern United States, in the Salton Sea tilapia have become a critical part of local ecology. Historically, the Colorado River has often flooded the Salton Sea basin. During the Pleistocene era, an ancient body of water named Lake Cahuilla was the last in a series of ancient lakes within the region. Today, ancient remnants of fish species that once lived in Lake Cahuilla can still be unearthed in the Salton Sea basin. Fossil evidence of fish species include machete (Elops affinis), bonytail (Gila robusta), and stripped mullet (Mugil Cephalus). Several decades after the formation of the Salton Sea,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3624847", "chunk_text": "\"Tilapia as exotic species\"\nand utilize the Salton Sea as an important destination for resting and feeding along the Pacific flyway. High salinity concentrations, algal blooms, agricultural runoff, hypoxia, wind events and temperature variability all contribute to fish die-offs in the Salton Sea. The high concentrations of tilapia in the Salton Sea (relative to other fish species) signify that tilapia often constitute the largest percentage of dead fishes during periods of excessive environmental stress. During fish kills, tilapia often wash ashore en masse. Tilapia as exotic species Throughout much of the tropics, tilapiine cichlids native to Africa and the Levant have been widely introduced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4454512", "chunk_text": "\"Sonny Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge\"\nspecies include the gopher snake, western diamondback snake, coachwhip, common kingsnake, whiptail lizard, desert spiny lizard and side-blotched lizard. The spiny soft-shell turtle and the desert tortoise are also found on the refuge. Spiny soft-shell turtles are found in freshwater drains and ponds, while the desert tortoise, although rarely seen, can be found in the upland desert areas. Fish populations thrive in the Salton Sea. The aquatic ecosystem is extremely productive because of the large amounts of nutrients it receives. The nutrients stimulate growth of phytoplankton and algae, which in turn, support zooplankton and worms. All of this provides a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2851629", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\nPark in Texas. It supports 30% of the remaining population of the American white pelican. The Salton Sea is also a major resting stop on the Pacific Flyway. On 18 November 2006, a Ross's gull, a high Arctic bird, was sighted and photographed there. The lack of an outflow means the Salton Sea does not have a natural stabilization system; it is very dynamic. Fluctuations in the water level caused by variations in agricultural runoff, the ancient salt deposits in the lake bed, and the relatively high salinity of the inflow feeding the sea are all causing increasing salinity. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2851626", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\nof fish that lived in the sea have been killed off by the combination of pollutants, salt levels, and algal blooms. Dead fish have been known to wash up in mass quantities on the beaches. The smell of the lake, combined with the stench of the decaying fish, also contributed to the decline of the tourist industry around the Salton Sea. Many people now visit the Salton Sea and the surrounding settlements to explore the abandoned structures. The town of Niland is southeast of the sea, with a population of 1,006. Evidence of geothermal activity is also visible. Mudpots and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12488949", "chunk_text": "\"New River (Mexico–United States)\"\nthe lack of an outlet, salinity has increased by approximately 1% per year. Due to high selenium levels, the public was strictly advised to limit fish consumption from the Salton Sea in 1986, after which any amount was likely a health risk. Increasing water temperature, salinity and bacterial levels led to massive fish die-offs (1992, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2006, 2008), and created the ideal breeding grounds for avian botulism, cholera and Newcastle disease, which also led to massive avian epizootics from 1992–2008. Currently, the Salton Sea has a salinity of 4.4% (4.4 parts per 100), making it saltier than ocean", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12287719", "chunk_text": "\"Longjaw mudsucker\"\nThey feed on nearly anything they can find in the mud, including small fish such as California killifish, but mostly live on invertebrates, the main choices depending on seasonal availability. Their range extends from Tomales Bay in the north to Bahia Magdalena in the south. A population in the Salton Sea was introduced in 1950, and now thrives there. They are considered good bait fish for freshwater fishing, such as on the Colorado River, because they can be kept alive packed in moist algae, and will not reproduce in fresh water if they happen to escape. Longjaw mudsucker The longjaw", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4149182", "chunk_text": "\"California killifish\"\nfins become bright yellow. They are coastal fish, occurring in shallow bays, estuaries, marshes, and the lower parts of streams from Morro Bay south to Magdalena Bay in central Baja California. Between Goleta Slough and the Tijuana River they occur almost continuously, the frequency of wetlands being sufficient to allow free movement. They tolerate a wide range of salinities, oxygen levels, and pollution. The diet consists of a variety of both benthic and planktonic invertebrates, anything from snails to crustaceans to insects, often found by foraging through areas of vegetation flooded by high tides. This species and the Baja killifish", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17574058", "chunk_text": "\"Desert pupfish\"\ndesert pupfish are located at a few sites in the Salton Sea drainage in California, and the Colorado River Delta in Baja California and Sonora, Mexico. The historic range of the desert pupfish included the lower Gila River basin in Arizona and Sonora, Mexico. It inhabited the Gila, Santa Cruz, San Pedro, and Salt Rivers as well as the lower Colorado River from around Needles, California, to the Gulf of California. \"\"Cyprinodon macularius\"\" was first described by Spencer Baird and Charles Girard in 1853. Originally, it was considered to be made up of three subspecies: the nominal desert pupfish (\"\"Cyprinodon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16267263", "chunk_text": "Sebastes\nSebastes Sebastes is a genus of fish in the family Sebastidae (though some include this in Scorpaenidae), most of which have the common name of rockfish. A few are called ocean perch, sea perch or redfish instead. Most of the \"\"Sebastes\"\" species live in the north Pacific, although two (\"\"Sebastes capensis\"\" and \"\"Sebastes oculatus\"\") live in the south Pacific/Atlantic and four (\"\"Sebastes fasciatus\"\", \"\"Sebastes mentella\"\", \"\"Sebastes norvegicus\"\" and \"\"Sebastes viviparus\"\") live in the north Atlantic. The coast off South California is the area of highest rockfish diversity, with 56 species living in the Southern California Bight. The fossil record of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19542953", "chunk_text": "\"Salt River (California)\"\nthe north. Both the San Andreas Fault system and the Cascadia Megathrust impact the geomorphology of the basin. There are five named tributaries which fall from the Wildcat hills and contribute water and sediment to the Salt River. \"\"Source: United States Department of Agriculture.\"\" Four species of anadromous salmonids, the coho salmon, chinook salmon, rainbow trout and coastal cutthroat trout are known from the estuary of the Salt River as are about two dozen estuarine fish including herring, sardine, smelt, stickleback, perch, sculpin, sole and flounder, and the freshwater invasive Sacramento pikeminnow. A Wiyot village named \"\"Wotwetwok\"\" was situated opposite", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2851613", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\nSalton Sea The Salton Sea is a shallow, saline, endorheic rift lake located directly on the San Andreas Fault, predominantly in the U.S. state of California's Imperial and Coachella valleys. The lake occupies the lowest elevations of the Salton Sink in the Colorado Desert of Imperial and Riverside counties in Southern California. Its surface is below sea level as of January 2018. The deepest point of the sea is higher than the lowest point of Death Valley. The sea is fed by the New, Whitewater, and Alamo Rivers, as well as agricultural runoff, drainage systems, and creeks. Over millions of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17574062", "chunk_text": "\"Desert pupfish\"\nthan most fish, and will occupy habitats inhospitable to invasive fish. Pupfish typically prefer clear waters with either rooted or unattached aquatic plants, restricted surface flow, or sand-silt substrates, and will do well if their habitats have little vegetation apart from mats of benthic algae. The distribution of the desert pupfish historically ranged from the lower Colorado River in Arizona and California to the Gulf of Mexico and onto its delta in Sonora and Baja California. Specifically, the desert pupfish occurred the Salton Sink basin in California; the Gila River basin in Arizona and Sonora, including the Gila, Santa Cruz,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12488950", "chunk_text": "\"New River (Mexico–United States)\"\nwater (3.5% for Pacific), and many species of fish are no longer able to reproduce or survive in the Salton Sea. It is now believed the tilapia may be the only fish species able to persist there for a limited time. Without restoration actions, the sea will likely increase in toxicity, and remain an ecological trap for avian species. The creation of the modern courses of the New River and the Alamo River, and the creation of the Salton Sea, started in the autumn of 1904 when heavy rainfall and snowmelt caused the Colorado River to swell, overrunning a set", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4995364", "chunk_text": "\"Tilapia as exotic species\"\nSea. The polychaete worm Neanthes succinea is an important part of tilapia diet. In addition to polychaete worms, adult tilapia regularly feed upon phytoplankton, copepods, smaller fishes and barnacles. Limited to smaller prey items, juvenile tilapia are dependent upon phytoplankton and small Salton Sea invertebrates. Oreochromis mossambicus is an adaptable species of tilapia. During periods of food scarcity, Oreochromis mossambicus feeds on fish waste and other detritus. Oreochromis mossambicus plays an important role in the ecology of the Salton Sea. This tilapia, along with several other fish species, provides food for hundreds of birds. Many of these birds are migratory,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "492351", "chunk_text": "\"Owens pupfish\"\nof cattails into the waterways. The plant clogs the habitat and collects detritus, which eliminates the pupfish's breeding substrates. The CDFG tends the four populations, clearing out the cattails. Introduced species of aquatic organisms also pose a threat. They include predatory fish such as largemouth bass (\"\"Micropterus salmoides\"\"), smallmouth bass (\"\"Micropterus dolomieu\"\"), brown trout (\"\"Salmo trutta\"\"), and bluegill (\"\"Lepomis macrochirus\"\"), as well as crayfish (\"\"Pacifastacus leniusculus\"\") and bullfrogs (\"\"Rana catesbeiana\"\"). The severe reduction of the species into a single small population may have created a genetic bottleneck; genetic analysis is underway. Other local \"\"Cyprinodon\"\" include Death Valley pupfish (\"\"Cyprinodon salinus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1985647", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\nRiver under the Quantification Settlement Agreement of 2003, the overall water level of the sea is expected to decrease significantly between 2013 and 2021. The lake's salinity, about , is greater than that of the Pacific Ocean (), but less than that of the Great Salt Lake (which ranges from ). Recently, the concentration has been increasing at a rate of about 3% per year. About of salt are deposited in the valley each year. The area was once part of a vast inland sea that covered a large area of Southern California. Geologists estimate that for three million years,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15520107", "chunk_text": "\"Kendall-Frost Mission Bay Marsh Reserve\"\ntides yet safe from land predators such as feral cats and raccoons. The tidal channels of the marsh shelter native fishes such as the California killifish (\"\"Fundulus parvipinnis\"\"), which live in hypersaline pools, and longjaw mudsuckers (\"\"Gillichthys mirabilis\"\"), while arrow gobies (\"\"Clevelandia ios\"\") live in burrows often occupied by ghost shrimp (\"\"Neotrypaea californiensis\"\"). The marsh is used by students and scientists to study salt marsh ecology and practice field research techniques. Restoration efforts, such as a project to rid the marsh of invasive mangrove, have helped to improve the functioning of the habitat and improve conditions for native species. Kendall-Frost", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14174320", "chunk_text": "Groundfish\nin fresh water. Groundfish Groundfish are fish that live on, in, or near the bottom of the body of water they inhabit. Some typical saltwater groundfish species are cod, flounder, halibut, and sole. Related terms used in different contexts include \"\"demersal fish\"\" and \"\"whitefish\"\", and (more broadly) \"\"bottom feeder\"\" . Saltwater groundfish harvesting is subject to numerous federal regulations in the United States, such as 50 CFR 679, dealing with fishing in Alaskan waters. Freshwater groundfish harvesting is not subject to federal regulation per se (certain species may be subject to other rules), perhaps because there are fewer true groundfish", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12758654", "chunk_text": "Groundfish\nGroundfish Groundfish are fish that live on, in, or near the bottom of the body of water they inhabit. Some typical saltwater groundfish species are cod, flounder, halibut, and sole. Related terms used in different contexts include \"\"demersal fish\"\" and \"\"whitefish\"\", and (more broadly) \"\"bottom feeder\"\" . Saltwater groundfish harvesting is subject to numerous federal regulations in the United States, such as 50 CFR 679, dealing with fishing in Alaskan waters. Freshwater groundfish harvesting is not subject to federal regulation per se (certain species may be subject to other rules), perhaps because there are fewer true groundfish species that live", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17574063", "chunk_text": "\"Desert pupfish\"\nSan Pedro, and Salt Rivers; the Rio Sonoyta in Arizona and Sonora; Puerto Peñasco, Sonora; and the Laguna Salada basin in Baja California. A large population of desert pupfish is protected at the Cibola National Wildlife Refuge. Due to both habitat destruction and species reclassification, however, the desert pupfish has a smaller territory distribution than previously thought. As of 2010, naturally occurring populations of the desert pupfish are restricted in the United States to two tributaries and various shoreline pools and irrigation drains of the Salton Sea in California. In Mexico, the desert pupfish is scattered along the Colorado River", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7831292", "chunk_text": "Sebastes\nspecies in this genus: Sebastes Sebastes is a genus of fish in the family Sebastidae (though some include this in Scorpaenidae), most of which have the common name of rockfish. A few are called ocean perch, sea perch or redfish instead. Most of the \"\"Sebastes\"\" species live in the north Pacific, although two (\"\"Sebastes capensis\"\" and \"\"Sebastes oculatus\"\") live in the south Pacific/Atlantic and four (\"\"Sebastes fasciatus\"\", \"\"Sebastes mentella\"\", \"\"Sebastes norvegicus\"\" and \"\"Sebastes viviparus\"\") live in the north Atlantic. The coast off South California is the area of highest rockfish diversity, with 56 species living in the Southern California Bight.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15600754", "chunk_text": "\"Pacific ladyfish\"\nStates. Most records come from the Colorado River Delta and the Gulf of California, as they spawn here and then travel southwest into Arizona. They were also common in the Salton Sea in California, but their numbers have been slowly declining. During floods, Pacific ladyfish enter the Lower Colorado River from the Gulf. They can be found in Yuma Colorado River portions, with records as far south as certain Mexican dams. Pacific tenpounders are primarily a marine form, meaning they require a higher salinity water content then most freshwater fish. Because of this, they have evolved efficient swimming techniques allowing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2851615", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\nfirst European settlers. Fish traps still exist at many locations, and the Native Americans evidently moved the traps depending upon the cycle. The most recent inflow of water from the now heavily controlled Colorado River was accidentally created by the engineers of the California Development Company in 1905. In an effort to increase water flow into the area for farming, irrigation canals were dug from the Colorado River into the valley. The canals suffered silt buildup, so a cut was made in the bank of the Colorado River to further increase the water flow. The resulting outflow overwhelmed the engineered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2851625", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\nthe Imperial Valley from the Colorado River led to the idea of the need for a dam on the Colorado River for flood control. The Salton Sea had some success as a resort area, with Salton City, Salton Sea Beach, and Desert Shores, on the western shore and Desert Beach, North Shore, and Bombay Beach, built on the eastern shore in the 1950s. However, many of the settlements substantially shrank in size, or have been abandoned, mostly due to the increasing salinity and pollution of the lake over the years from agricultural runoff and other sources. Many of the species", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11485119", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea State Recreation Area\"\npart of a deficit reduction program, not enacted then. The Recreation Area continues to be open to the public. The Salton Sea Recreation Area is in the Colorado Desert section of the Sonoran Desert, in the Lower Colorado River Valley geographic region. The Salton Sea is a stop on a major flyway for migrating birds. Salton Sea State Recreation Area Located on the northeastern side of the Salton Sea, the Salton Sea State Recreation Area offers hunting, fishing, swimming, and camping to visitors. The Salton Sea State Recreation Area is run by the California Department of Parks and Recreation. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "492352", "chunk_text": "\"Owens pupfish\"\nsalinus\"\"), Shoshone pupfish (\"\"Cyprinodon nevadensis shoshone\"\"), the extinct Tecopa pupfish (\"\"Cyprinodon nevadensis calidae\"\"), Devils Hole pupfish (\"\"Cyprinodon diabolis\"\"), and the desert pupfish (\"\"Cyprinodon macularius\"\"). Owens pupfish The Owens pupfish (\"\"Cyprinodon radiosus\"\") is a rare species of fish in the family Cyprinodontidae, the pupfish. It is endemic to California in the United States, where it is limited to the Owens Valley. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States. This pupfish is up to long, the largest males sometimes longer. The male is blue-gray, turning bright blue during spawning. The female is greenish brown with a silvery or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1423233", "chunk_text": "\"Beaufort Sea\"\ncontains numerous lakes and ponds which are inhabited by muskrat. The sea hosts about 80 species of zooplankton, more than 70 species of phytoplankton, and nearly 700 species of polychaetes, bryozoans, crustaceans and mollusks, but their total volume is relatively small owing to the cold climate. Major fish species include polar cod (\"\"Boreogadus saida\"\"), Arctic cod (\"\"Arctogadus glacialis\"\"), saffron cod (\"\"Eleginus gracilis\"\"), Arctic char (\"\"Salvelinus alpinus\"\"), chum salmon (\"\"Oncorhynchus keta\"\"), Arctic cisco (\"\"Coregonus autumnalis\"\"), least cisco (\"\"Coregonus sardinella\"\"), lake whitefish (\"\"Coregonus clupeaformis\"\"), broad whitefish (\"\"Coregonus nasus\"\"), Pacific herring (\"\"Clupea pallasii\"\"), fourhorn sculpin (\"\"Myoxocephalus quadricornis\"\"), inconnu (\"\"Stenodus leucichthys\"\") and flatfish. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17574064", "chunk_text": "\"Desert pupfish\"\nDelta and the Laguna Salada basin. Collectively, there are 11 known populations of extant wild desert pupfish within the United States and Mexico. Attempted reintroductions have yielded 16 transplanted populations in Arizona, as well as 46 captive or refuge populations in Arizona, California, and Mexico. Pupfish are omnivores that forage in shallow water during early morning and late evening; they will move out of the shallows during the day when water temperatures may rise to 36 °C or higher to avoid heat death. The rate of surface foraging drops when water temperatures fall below 21 °C. Pupfish show some dietary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18795034", "chunk_text": "\"Saltwater fish\"\nSaltwater fish Saltwater fish, also called marine fish, are fish that live in ocean water. Saltwater fish can swim and live alone or live in a large group together, called a school of fish. Saltwater fish are very popular among deep sea fishermen and aquariums all over the country. Saltwater fish are very commonly kept in aquariums for entertainment. Many saltwater fish are also caught to be eaten. Fish that live in the ocean can be carnivores, herbivores, or omnivores. Herbivores in the ocean eat things such as algae and flowering seagrasses. Many herbivores' diets consist of primarily algae. Most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9607206", "chunk_text": "\"Lake Cahuilla\"\nLake Cahuilla sediments include evening primroses, pine, Polypodiaceae, ragweed, saltbushes, \"\"Selaginella sinuites\"\" and sunflower. Many of these are represented by pollen. The Pleistocene lake and adjacent lagoons featured charophytes of the genus \"\"Chara\"\". The bird species that populated Lake Cahuilla resembled these around the present-day Salton Sea and may have contained species from the Gulf of California as well. They include \"\"Aechmophorus\"\" grebes, American coot, American white pelican, \"\"Anas\"\" and \"\"Aythya\"\" ducks, black-crowned night heron, eared grebes, pied-billed grebes and most likely shorebirds. Fish species that have been identified as having lived in Lake Cahuilla include \"\"Cyprinodon macularius\"\", \"\"Elops affinis\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19323844", "chunk_text": "\"Sonny Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge\"\nprovide nesting habitat for a variety of other species, including the least bittern, white-faced ibis, black-necked stilt and American avocet. All wetlands are flooded from water supplied by the Imperial Irrigation District. This water is termed \"\"class 1\"\" irrigation water, which is free of fertilizers, toxic pesticides and high levels of salts that are common in agricultural drain water. The refuge manages tree rows for native species and biodiversity. Species planted include honey mesquite, screwbean mesquite, blue palo verde, Mexican palo verde, fairy duster, sweet acacia, catclaw acacia, and desert ironwood. Tree rows continue to receive additional plantings throughout the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2851647", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\noccur. However, other factors such as hydrothermal vents, diffusion of salt from minerals and sediment, including concentrated brine, and evaporites are another contributor to salinity, as is the recent lowering of lake levels raising the salinity, though sedimentary records show the lake surface elevation reached levels 10–12 m above world sea level in the 1500s. The temperature of the surface water changes with the seasonally varying air temperature. Winter lows can reach temperatures as low as and summer highs can reach . http://water.ca.gov/LegacyFiles/pubs/conservation/salton_sea_history/history.pdf Salton Sea The Salton Sea is a shallow, saline, endorheic rift lake located directly on the San", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "148501", "chunk_text": "\"Southern California Bight\"\nkelp. Fish that live in and rely on kelp forests include kelp surfperch (\"\"Brachyistius frenatus\"\"), kelp bass (\"\"Paralabrax clathratus\"\"), giant kelpfish (\"\"Heterostichus rostratus\"\"), and kelp rockfish (\"\"Sebastes atrovirens\"\"). A study conducted near San Luis Obispo, California showed that when kelp was removed from a nearby reef, fish biomass declined by 63%. Juvenile fish rely on kelp beds a nursery grounds. Southern California Edison built a off San Clemente in 2008. The Southern California Bight is home to over 195 species of birds, including endangered species such as the light-footed clapper rail (\"\"Rallus longirostris levipes\"\"). Some birds nest and hunt near", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1985674", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea\"\nshrinking sea was a \"\"looming environmental and public health crisis\"\" With the increased shrinkage, dust storms would increase and a rotten-egg smell could reach to the coastal cities. In 2018, California's Natural Resources Agency received 11 proposals to increase waterflow to the sea in order to reduce dust and dust-borne toxins. Proposal costs ranged from $300 million to several billion dollars. No winner was selected in this phase. The Salton Sea and surrounding basin sits over the San Andreas Fault, San Jacinto Fault, Imperial Fault Zone, and a \"\"stepover fault\"\" shear zone system. Geologists have determined that previous flooding episodes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5663041", "chunk_text": "\"California sheephead\"\nCalifornia sheephead The California sheep head (\"\"Semicossyphus pulcher\"\") is a species of wrasse native to the eastern Pacific Ocean. Its range is from Monterey Bay, California, to the Gulf of California, Mexico. This species can live for up to 20 years in favorable conditions and can reach a size of up to and a weight of . They are carnivorous, living in rocky reef and kelp bed habitats, feeding primarily on sea urchins, molluscs, and crustaceans. All California sheephead are born female and morph into their male form at various stages in their lifecycle, determined by environmental conditions and pressures.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14588418", "chunk_text": "\"Half Moon Bay, California\"\nspeckled sanddab (Citharichthys stigmaeus) and the commercially important English sole (Parophrys vetulus), several species of rockfish (Sebastes sp.) with boccacio (S. paucispinis) most abundant, many members of the surfperch family, the most abundant being shiner (Cymanogaster aggregata) and dwarf surfperches (Micrometrus minimus), and the commercially important Pacific herring (Clupea harengus). Smaller populations of many other species, including significant commercial or sport species such as various surfperch, flatfish including halibut (Paralichthys californicus), lingcod (Ophiodon elongatus), and cabezon (Scoraenichthys marmotarus) also are found in the harbor during the summer. Abundant winter species include starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus) and topsmelt (Atherinops affinis). At", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7008016", "chunk_text": "\"Bering Sea\"\nspecies of fish. Some species of fish support large and valuable commercial fisheries. Commercial fish species include 6 species of Pacific salmon, Alaska pollock, Pacific cod, Pacific halibut, yellowfin sole, Pacific ocean perch and sablefish. Shellfish include red king crab and \"\"Chionoecetes\"\". Fish biodiversity is high, and at least 419 species of fish have been reported from the Bering Sea. The Bering Sea is world-renowned for its productive and profitable fisheries, such as king crab, opilio and tanner crabs, Bristol Bay salmon, pollock and other groundfish. These fisheries rely on the productivity of the Bering Sea via a complicated and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15043449", "chunk_text": "\"Salton Sea Authority\"\nwater. This newly pumped water will come from two sources, the Alamo River and the current salinated water of the Sea. This mixing of the two types of water will dilute the Sea's salinization levels to create a mixture capable of stabilizing and restoring the bay's natural habitat. The Red Hill Bay project will be used as an example to monitor the amount of time it takes for wildlife and fish to re-establish themselves back into this natural habitat in order to predict the ecological success for future potential Salton Sea restoration projects. Salton Sea Authority The Salton Sea Authority", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15437698", "chunk_text": "California\nthrives, from the state's mountain lakes and streams to the rocky Pacific coastline. Numerous trout species are found, among them rainbow, golden, and cutthroat. Migratory species of salmon are common as well. Deep-sea life forms include sea bass, yellowfin tuna, barracuda, and several types of whale. Native to the cliffs of northern California are seals, sea lions, and many types of shorebirds, including migratory species. , 118 California animals were on the federal endangered list; 181 plants were listed as endangered or threatened. Endangered animals include the San Joaquin kitfox, Point Arena mountain beaver, Pacific pocket mouse, salt marsh harvest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6275852", "chunk_text": "Saltonia\nthe fully aquatic species \"\"Argyroneta aquatica\"\". Before it was placed into the family Dictynidae by Lehtinen in 1967, it was grouped under the family Agelenidae. Before that, it was at times considered to belong to the Clubionidae, thus living up to its species name \"\"incerta\"\" which is Latin for \"\"uncertain\"\". Saltonia Saltonia is a genus of spiders with the sole species Saltonia incerta, a rare spider only known from California, United States, where it occurs on the shores of the Salton Sea, among salt-crusts in several dry or intermittent lake-beds, and from a small island in the Gulf of California.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1422206", "chunk_text": "Milkfish\nMilkfish The milkfish (\"\"Chanos chanos\"\") is the sole living species in the family Chanidae. However, there are at least five extinct genera from the Cretaceous. The species has many common names. The Hawaiian name for the fish is \"\"awa\"\", and in Tahitian it is \"\"ava\"\". It is called \"\"bangús\"\" in the Philippines, where it is the national fish. In the Nauruan language, it is referred to as \"\"ibiya\"\". Milkfish is also called \"\"bandeng\"\" or \"\"bolu\"\" in Indonesia. \"\"Chanos chanos\"\" occurs in the Indian Ocean and across the Pacific Ocean, from South Africa to Hawaii and the Marquesas, from California to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12649192", "chunk_text": "\"Scorpaena guttata\"\nScorpaena guttata Scorpaena guttata is a species of fish in the scorpionfish family known by the common name California scorpionfish. It is native to the eastern Pacific Ocean, where it can be found along the coast of California and Baja California. Its distribution extends from around Santa Cruz, California, to Punta Abreojos in Baja California Sur, and out to Guadalupe Island. It is also found in the Gulf of California. Another common name is spotted scorpionfish. This fish reaches up to 43 to 47 centimeters long. It is reddish brown in color with many brown and black spots, especially on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_221	when was the defensive 3 second rule implemented?	n/a	[ "the 2001–2002 season", "2001–2002 season" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10391206", "chunk_text": "\"Three seconds rule\"\nThree seconds rule The three seconds rule (also referred to as the three-second rule or three in the key, with often termed a lane violation) requires that in basketball, a player shall not remain in the opponents' restricted area for more than three consecutive seconds while their team is in control of a live ball in the frontcourt and the game clock is running. The three-second rule was introduced in 1936 and was expressed as such: no offensive player, with or without the ball, could remain in the key, for three seconds or more. The three-second rule came about in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10391209", "chunk_text": "\"Three seconds rule\"\nTerjesen and Klein. Something will have to be done or the game will become entirely too rough.\"\" Three seconds rule The three seconds rule (also referred to as the three-second rule or three in the key, with often termed a lane violation) requires that in basketball, a player shall not remain in the opponents' restricted area for more than three consecutive seconds while their team is in control of a live ball in the frontcourt and the game clock is running. The three-second rule was introduced in 1936 and was expressed as such: no offensive player, with or without the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16524844", "chunk_text": "\"Defensive three-second violation\"\npenetration. The Philippine Basketball Association used to follow the illegal defense rule until the 2003 PBA season when it was abolished. The high school game does not use this rule, nor does European basketball. The WNBA started using it in 2013. Defensive three-second violation A defensive three-second violation, also known as illegal defense, is a basketball rules infraction in the National Basketball Association (NBA) introduced in the 2001-2002 season. It is assessed when a member of the defending team spends more than three seconds in the free throw lane (also called the key, the 16-foot lane, or \"\"in the paint\"\")", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16524842", "chunk_text": "\"Defensive three-second violation\"\nDefensive three-second violation A defensive three-second violation, also known as illegal defense, is a basketball rules infraction in the National Basketball Association (NBA) introduced in the 2001-2002 season. It is assessed when a member of the defending team spends more than three seconds in the free throw lane (also called the key, the 16-foot lane, or \"\"in the paint\"\") while not actively guarding an opponent. To be considered actively guarding, a defender must be within arm's length of an opponent and in a guarding position. A three-second count is suspended if: In addition, a player guarding an opponent with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16551463", "chunk_text": "\"Rules of basketball\"\nEdwards is generally recognized as the player responsible for the 3 second rule. While the rule was originally adopted to reduce roughness in the area between big men, it is now considered to prevent tall offensive players from gaining an advantage by waiting close to the basket. When the NBA started to allow zone defense in 2001, a three-second rule for defensive players was also introduced. The shot clock was first introduced by the NBA in 1954, to increase the speed of play. Teams were then required to attempt a shot within 24 seconds of gaining possession, and the shot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16611838", "chunk_text": "\"Player efficiency rating\"\nthe \"\"three point foul\"\" and \"\"clear path\"\" rules were both introduced in the 1995–96 season with the effect of increasing the number of free throws, hand-checking (the amount of contact a defender may make with an opposing player) was banned in 1994 and the use of elbows was banned in 1997 (both rules had seen various degrees of limitation by earlier rule changes) although neither was fully implemented until 2004. The 2004 rule changes, which also included calling the defensive 3 second rule (\"\"[...] a defensive player may not station himself in the key area longer than three seconds\"\"—a longstanding", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4448623", "chunk_text": "\"Rules of basketball\"\nplayer is accordingly disqualified on his sixth foul. The first time restriction on possession of the ball was introduced in 1933, where teams were required to advance the ball over the center line within ten seconds of gaining possession. This rule remained until 2000, when FIBA reduced the requirement to eight seconds, the NBA following suit in 2001. The NCAA retains the 10-second rule for men's play, and adopted this rule for women's play starting with the 2013–14 season. U.S. high schools, whose rules are drafted by NFHS, also use the 10-second rule for both sexes. In 1936 the three-second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16524843", "chunk_text": "\"Defensive three-second violation\"\nball may be in the paint without actively guarding the opponent. The team committing a defensive three-second violation is assessed a team technical foul. The offense receives one free throw and retains possession of the ball. Prior to the 1983-1984 NBA season, any form of zone defense was considered an illegal defense violation and resulted in a warning on the first violation and then a technical foul for any subsequent violations. However, the defensive three-second violation makes it difficult for NBA defenses to play zone, since zone defenses usually position a player in the middle of the key to stop", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7938828", "chunk_text": "\"Leroy Edwards\"\nwon the game, 23–22. Edwards is generally recognized as the player responsible for the implementation of the three-second rule. Enacted in 1936, it was originally designed to limit rough play near the basket. The rule limits the time players can remain in the area in front of the basket known as the \"\"paint\"\" or free-throw lane. The rule has been modified and is still used today. In a different game that season, Edwards set another college basketball record, scoring 34 points against Creighton University. After coach Adolph Rupp's retirement in 1972 he was asked who was the best center he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1195831", "chunk_text": "\"Technical foul\"\nthe illegal defense rule to the \"\"defensive 3-second rule,\"\" which prohibits a defender from being in the shooting lane for three seconds, unless guarding an opponent within arm's reach (or the man with the ball, regardless of distance). The penalty is the same as it was for an illegal defense, except that no warning is issued. The WNBA implemented this rule in 2013. Additionally, home teams can be assessed technical fouls resulting from their partisans' misconduct for excessive use of artificial noise, the playing of music by their band, or for dangerous offenses such as throwing items (particularly ice or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11043790", "chunk_text": "\"Penalty corner\"\nwas outlawed in 1938 but hands could still be used to stop the ball. As such, a \"\"hand stop\"\" became a large part of early penalty corners; one player would inject, a second would hand stop and the third would shoot. In 1961, the number of defenders behind the goalline was reduced to six; the remainder had to stand beyond the 25-yard line and two years later this became the halfway line. There were too many goals from penalty corners and the use of the hands to stop the ball, and thus the hand stop, were prohibited from 1982; a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18169195", "chunk_text": "\"Kent McCloughan\"\nby later Oakland cornerbacks, such as Lester Hayes. The strategy appeared so successful in the eyes of NFL rule-makers that, to help the offense, the rules were changed in 1974, 1977, and 1978, with each rule change favoring the receiver over the defender (see Penalty (American football).) In 1974, the most severe rule change regarding pass receivers and defenders was enacted. This rule stipulated that a player could only make contact one time beyond 3 yards of the line of scrimmage. In 1977, the rule was amended to aid the pass receivers yet again. Starting that season, a defender could", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9872855", "chunk_text": "\"Holding the ball\"\nrule was the introduction of the 'prior opportunity' rule. The rule was initially introduced in 1986 and known as the \"\"perfect tackle rule\"\": tackling a player who had an opportunity to dispose of the ball before being tackled was defined as a perfect tackle, and the provision for a perfectly tackled player to have a reasonable time to dispose of the ball before being penalised was eliminated. The rule was introduced to speed up the game. This later became the modern 'prior opportunity' rule in 1996, and it was the first time that different holding the ball interpretations had been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15037631", "chunk_text": "\"Zone defense\"\nand one defender guards a specific player on the offense. A variant of this is triangle-and-two, in which three defenders are in a 2–1 zone and two defenders guard two specific offensive players. Zone defenses are common in international, college, and youth competition. In the National Basketball Association, zone defenses were prohibited until the 2001–2002 season, and most teams do not use them as a primary defensive strategy. The NBA has a defensive three-second violation rule, which makes it more difficult for teams to play zone, since such defenses usually position a player in the middle of the key to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10524757", "chunk_text": "\"5–3 defense\"\n5–3 defense In American football, the 5–3 defense is a defensive alignment consisting of five down linemen and three linebackers. The 5-3 is a defense that appeared in the 1930s due to the demands of the ever improving passing attacks of the time, as well as innovations in the T formation (in 1933, pro football's passing rules were liberalized). One origin story is that of Steve Owen, coach of the New York Giants. He says he invented it to surprise the Bears in 1933. He then goes on to say that the 5-3 was in part responsible for the division", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14510439", "chunk_text": "\"Key (basketball)\"\nsemicircle formally called the restricted area arc was also created. The change took effect in 2010. The lane is a restricted area in which players on offense (in possession of the ball) can stay for only three seconds. At all levels of play, after three seconds the player is assessed a \"\"three-second violation\"\" which results in a turnover. In FIBA-sanctioned tournaments, defending team players are allowed to stay in the key with no time limit. In American professional basketball, defending team players are prohibited from staying in the key for more than three seconds, unless the player is directly guarding", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7083724", "chunk_text": "\"4–3 defense\"\nchanges, and by the later 1930s, the standard defense in the NFL and college was the 6-2. The successes of the T formation and the introduction of free substitution (abolishing the one-platoon system) in the 1940s led to the almost universal adoption by 1950 of the five-man line. There were two versions popular in the NFL. The 5-3 was an older defense that remained popular through the 1940s and early 1950s. But by the late 1940s, Greasy Neale's defense was creating problems for offenses with a five-man line and four-man secondary. Roughly concurrently, Paul Brown had developed a vertical timing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12339357", "chunk_text": "\"Three points for a win\"\ncan be made for relative number of ties. The system was proposed for the English Football League (then known as The Football League) by Jimmy Hill. It was introduced in England in 1981, but did not attract much use elsewhere until it was used in the 1994 World Cup finals. In 1995, FIFA formally adopted the system, and it subsequently became standard in international tournaments, as well as most national football leagues. This lists association football leagues where the standard is three points for a win in regulation time, one point for a draw, zero for a defeat. The year", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9602953", "chunk_text": "\"Offside (field hockey)\"\nclubs in the London area. Offside was then applied to attacking players from the half-way line only. The 1886 offside rule remained unchanged until 1972, when offside was changed from 3 to 2 defenders. In 1987, the offside was amended to apply only in the 25 yards area. After various amendments, the offside rule was finally repealed. \"\"No offside\"\" was introduced as a mandatory experiment in 1990 and it was confirmed as a rule in 1992 by the Hockey Rules Board. The aims of this change were: New tactics were developed by many teams to exploit this new rule. Offside", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17583823", "chunk_text": "\"Four corners offense\"\nball until the clock ran out. The trailing team would be forced to spread their defense in hopes of getting a steal, which often allowed easy drives to the basket. Sometimes it was used throughout the game to reduce the number of possessions in hopes of getting an upset against a stronger team. The \"\"5 seconds closely guarded\"\" rule was originally introduced partly to prevent stalling, and other rule changes were made to the college rules through the 1970s in hopes of eliminating stalling without using a shot clock as the National Basketball Association had since the 1954–55 season. (Thus,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4133403", "chunk_text": "\"Offside (association football)\"\nprobably part of the \"\"Cambridge Rules\"\" from their inception in 1848. A ruleset dating from 1856 found in the library of Shrewsbury School is probably closely modelled on the Cambridge Rules and is thought to be the oldest set still in existence. Rule No. 9 required more than three defensive players to be ahead of an attacker who plays the ball. The rule states: When the original Laws of the Game were first drafted in 1863 no forward passes of any sort were permitted, except for kicks from behind the goal line. The rule states: As football developed in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1411804", "chunk_text": "\"Trent Tucker Rule\"\nTrent Tucker Rule The Trent Tucker Rule is a basketball rule that disallows any regular shot to be taken on the court if the ball is put into play with under 0.3 seconds left in game or shot clock. The rule was adopted in the 1990–91 season and named after New York Knicks player Trent Tucker, and officially adopted in FIBA play starting in 2010. When the WNBA was established in 1997, this rule was adopted too. The Official Rules of the National Basketball Association state The Article 16.2.5 of the 2010 FIBA Official Rules states: \"\"The game clock must", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19318568", "chunk_text": "\"Rules of basketball\"\ntakes the ball from the other end to start the second and third periods, while the winner of that jump ball takes the ball to start the fourth period from the other end of the court. In 1981, the NCAA adopted the alternating possession system for all jump ball situations except the beginning of the game, and in 2003, FIBA adopted a similar rule, except for the start of the third period and overtime. In 2004, the rule was changed in FIBA that the arrow applies for all situations after the opening tap. In 1976, the NBA introduced a rule", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15173309", "chunk_text": "\"Offside (ice hockey)\"\nposition behind the puck, thus forcing players to skate with the puck to move it forward. In the event of an offside pass, the play was stopped and a faceoff conducted from the point of the infraction, regardless of where it occurred. The first significant relaxation of this rule occurred in 1905 when the Ontario Hockey Association began to allow defensive players to play the puck within three feet of their goal if the puck rebounded off the goaltender. In some cases, a black line was painted onto the ice surface at that three foot mark and served as an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6710096", "chunk_text": "\"Zone blitz\"\nconceding a long touchdown pass. Miami Dolphins defensive coach Bill Arnsparger developed the zone blitz in 1971. He started by placing linebackers on the defensive line and having them drop back into coverage, and eventually included regular defensive linemen as well. The scheme did not gain widespread use in professional football until Dick LeBeau refined it with the Cincinnati Bengals and popularized the zone blitz in the early '90s, while being the defensive coordinator for the Pittsburgh Steelers, earning Pittsburgh the title of \"\"Blitzburgh\"\". Though the zone blitz has become common throughout the NFL, the 3–4 defense—3 defensive linemen, 4", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7083723", "chunk_text": "\"4–3 defense\"\n4–3 defense In American football, a 4–3 defense is a defensive alignment consisting of four down linemen and three linebackers. It is called a \"\"base defense\"\" because it is the default defensive alignment used on \"\"base downs\"\" (1st and 2nd downs). However, defenses will readily switch to other defensive alignments (such as a nickel) as circumstances change. Early in the history of the NFL, teams stacked the defensive line of scrimmage with seven linemen, typically using a 7-diamond or the 7-2. With the liberalization of the forward passing rules in 1933, the defenses began to evolve along with the offensive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2756487", "chunk_text": "\"History of rugby union\"\nin 1977, having been worth three points, except between 1891 and 1905 when it was worth four. The field goal was also banned in 1905 after previously being worth 4. The defence was originally allowed to attempt to charge down a conversion kick from the moment the ball was placed on the ground, generally making it impossible for the kicker to place the ball himself and make any kind of a run-up. As a result, teams had a designated placer, typically the scrum-half, who would time the placement to coincide with the kicker's run-up. In 1958, the law governing conversions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3396917", "chunk_text": "\"Tuck rule (American football)\"\nTuck rule (American football) The tuck rule was a controversial rule in American football used by the National Football League from 1999 until 2013. It stated: NFL Rule 3, Section 22, Article 2, Note 2. When [an offensive] player is holding the ball to pass it forward, any intentional forward movement of his arm starts a forward pass, even if the player loses possession of the ball as he is attempting to tuck it back toward his body. Also, if the player has tucked the ball into his body and then loses possession, it is a fumble. If the quarterback", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4017056", "chunk_text": "\"Nickel defense\"\n\"\"3–3–5\"\" for a lineup of three down linemen and three linebackers) that conveys more information with equal or greater conciseness. The nickel defense originated as an innovation of Philadelphia Eagles defensive coach Jerry Williams in 1960 as a measure to defend against star tight end Mike Ditka of the Chicago Bears. The Nickel defense was later used by then Chicago Bears assistant George Allen, who came up with the name \"\"nickel\"\" and later marketed the idea as his own. The nickel defense was popularized by head coach Don Shula and defensive coordinator Bill Arnsparger of the Miami Dolphins in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17482647", "chunk_text": "\"William S. Stevens\"\nis automatically out. The rule was first implemented in the short-lived Players' League in 1890 and adopted by the National League and American Association of Base Ball Clubs in 1894, applying only if a fly ball could be handled by an infielder with a runner on first base occupied and only one out, with additional changes made in subsequent years. Stevens was fascinated by the incremental development of the rule and the way in which the rule's formal, step-by-step development mirrored the process by which the common law was created. The semi-parodic paper was thoroughly footnoted to show how the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11672316", "chunk_text": "\"Three-point field goal\"\nUsed only in conference play for several years, it was adopted by the NCAA in April 1986 for the 1986–87 season at and was first used in the NCAA Tournament in March 1987. The NCAA adopted the three-pointer in women's basketball on an experimental basis for that season at the same distance, and made its use mandatory beginning In 2007, the NCAA lengthened the men's distance by a foot to , effective with the season, and the women's line was moved to match the men's in 2011–12. American high schools, along with elementary and middle schools, adopted a line nationally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11672315", "chunk_text": "\"Three-point field goal\"\nintroduced the three-point line in 1984, and it made its Olympic debut in 1988 in Seoul, South Korea. The NCAA's Southern Conference became the first collegiate conference to use the three-point rule, adopting a line for the 1980–81 season. Ronnie Carr of Western Carolina was the first to score a three-point field goal in college basketball history on November 29, 1980. Over the following five years, NCAA conferences differed in their use of the rule and distance required for a three-pointer. The line was as close as in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC), and as far away as in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16903966", "chunk_text": "\"Down (gridiron football)\"\nyards or else lose possession of the ball, a proposal meant to reduce sandbagging. Early in the 20th century, as the forward pass was added to the game and kicking rules became more restrictive, this was expanded to four downs, with a ten-yard requirement. The system of downs was introduced to Canadian football in 1903, where the Burnside rules imposed a ten yards in three downs requirement; those criteria remain in Canadian football to the present day. Three and out is a situation in American football in which a team, after starting an offensive possession, executes three plays and fails", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15201820", "chunk_text": "\"Tuck rule (American football)\"\nloses possession after he has tucked the ball into his body, it is a fumble. Notes Tuck rule (American football) The tuck rule was a controversial rule in American football used by the National Football League from 1999 until 2013. It stated: NFL Rule 3, Section 22, Article 2, Note 2. When [an offensive] player is holding the ball to pass it forward, any intentional forward movement of his arm starts a forward pass, even if the player loses possession of the ball as he is attempting to tuck it back toward his body. Also, if the player has tucked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17051387", "chunk_text": "\"Goalkeeper (association football)\"\nresults in an indirect free kick to the opposition. Furthermore any player negating the spirit of the new rule would be likely to be cautioned for unsporting behaviour and punished by an indirect free-kick. On 1 July 1997, FIFA decided to extend the back-pass rule by applying it also to throw-ins from defenders to their own goalkeeper; in order to prevent further time-wasting, FIFA also established that if a goalkeeper holds the ball for more than five or six seconds the referee must adjudge this as time-wasting and award an indirect free-kick to the opposing team. The position of goalkeeper", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15591401", "chunk_text": "\"Three-strikes law\"\nfelony charge would have been legally justified. Likewise, there is potential for witnesses to refuse to testify, and juries to refuse to convict, if they want to keep a defendant from receiving a life sentence; this can introduce disparities in punishments, defeating the goal of treating third-time offenders uniformly. Three-strikes laws have also been criticized for imposing disproportionate penalties and focusing too much on street crime rather than white-collar crime. Three-strikes law In the United States, habitual offender laws (commonly referred to as three-strikes laws) were first implemented on March 7, 1994 and are part of the United States Justice", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1033566", "chunk_text": "\"Man-to-man defense\"\ndefense, those defenders are generally teammates staying close to their own assigned offensive player, and thus are often not in good position to offer help should a weaker defender be eluded by the offensive player he is trying to guard. Zone defenses were disallowed by the National Basketball Association in 1947. During this period, an illegal defense violation was called when a defender was either guarding an area instead of a specific offensive player, or was double teaming an offensive player away from the ball. A rule change in 2001 eventually permitted zone defense, but also specified that a defender", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16188298", "chunk_text": "\"Back-pass rule\"\nthe new rule were at the 1992 Summer Olympics. Early matches with the new rule resulted in some confusion in defences; indeed in the very first game Italy fell foul of the new rule and USA were able to score after being awarded an indirect free kick 15 yards from goal. In 1997, the back-pass rule was extended to prevent goalkeepers handling the ball when received directly from a team-mate's throw in. The back pass rule is considered one of the most popular and successful rule changes in the modern game. As well as preventing dull play, it also required", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7488197", "chunk_text": "\"Forward pass\"\nshort pass to end Dan Riley (real name, Dan Policowski)\"\" in a game played at Massillon against a team from West Virginia. Since the Tigers \"\"ran up a 61 to 0 score on the hapless Mountain Staters, the pass played no important part in the result.\"\" According to National Football League history, it legalized the forward pass from anywhere behind the line of scrimmage on February 25, 1933. Before that rule change, a forward pass had to be made from 5 or more yards behind the line of scrimmage. Forward passes were first permitted in Canadian football in 1929, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3697743", "chunk_text": "\"5–2 defense\"\nwith their base 4–3 lead to a rapid conversion to the 4–3 in 1957. Almost all teams switched to the new defense at that time. Note that in this defense, if you pull the middle guard and replace him with a middle linebacker, you get to an early version of the 4-3 defense. Conversely, if you take a 4–3 defense and replace the middle linebacker with a middle guard, then you convert a 4–3 into a 5–2 Eagle. This latter switch is historically significant in at least one game. In 1972, George Allen pulled his middle linebacker, replacing him with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15037634", "chunk_text": "\"Zone defense\"\nof \"\"pass coverage\"\". See American football defensive strategy and zone blocking. The zone defence tactic, borrowed from basketball, was introduced into Australian football in the late 1980s by Robert Walls and revolutionized the game. It was used most effectively by Essendon Football Club coach Kevin Sheedy. The tactic is used from the fullback kick in after a behind is scored. The side in opposition to the player kicking in places their forward players, including their full-forward and centre half forward, in evenly spaced zones in the back 50-metre arc. This makes it easier for them to block leading players and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15891449", "chunk_text": "\"Five-second rule (basketball)\"\ncounts to occur. NCAA women's rules require the defender to be within three (3) feet and can occur anywhere on the playing court, but only applies when the offensive player is holding the ball. A count ends whenever the player with the ball gets his head and shoulders past the defender, the defender is no longer within the required distance, the same defender does not continuously closely guard the player in control of the ball, or another opponent is between the defender and the ball. High school rules mimic men's college basketball's closely guarded rule. A defender must be guarding", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9995817", "chunk_text": "\"Back-pass rule\"\nIf a player uses such a trick, they are cautioned for unsporting behaviour, and the opponents are awarded an indirect free kick from where the trick was performed. It is irrelevant as to whether the goalkeeper subsequently handles the ball or not. The United States Soccer Federation (USSF) has provided the following guidance on how this offence should be judged by referees: The back-pass rule was introduced in 1992 to discourage time-wasting and unduly defensive play after the 1990 World Cup was described as exceedingly dull, rife with back-passing and goalkeepers holding up the ball. The first games played with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16333034", "chunk_text": "\"Penalty kick (association football)\"\nto remain on the goal-line. In 1929, all other players were required to be at least 10 yards from the penalty-spot (in addition to being outside the penalty-area). In 1930, a footnote was appended to the laws, stating that \"\"the goal-keeper must not move his feet until the penalty kick has been taken\"\". In 1937, an arc (colloquially known as the \"\"D\"\") was added to the pitch markings, to enforce the 10-yard restriction. The goal-keeper was required to stand between the goal-posts. In 1995, all other players were required to remain behind the penalty spot. The Scottish Football Association claimed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13431665", "chunk_text": "\"Mercy rule\"\nIn other states with 6- or 8-man football, continuous clock rules are used, and the rule may be modified; for instance, in Iowa, the rule goes into effect if the 35-point differential is reached at any time after the first quarter. In a variant on the mercy rule used in Connecticut high school football from 2006 to 2016, the team's coach was issued a one-game suspension (i.e., for the team's next game) if at any point the team had a 50-point lead. In 2016 it was replaced with a running clock rule. The National Collegiate Athletic Association's mercy rule provides,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1411812", "chunk_text": "\"Trent Tucker Rule\"\nrestrictions only apply to 0.2 or 0.1, as the ball was put in play at 0.3. The NBA in 2016 adopted a deal with Tissot, requiring all scoreboards and shot clocks be manufactured by the Swiss timekeeper. All NBA venues must use the identical Tissot unit during games for consistency reasons. Trent Tucker Rule The Trent Tucker Rule is a basketball rule that disallows any regular shot to be taken on the court if the ball is put into play with under 0.3 seconds left in game or shot clock. The rule was adopted in the 1990–91 season and named", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16980937", "chunk_text": "\"Rules of basketball\"\nThis exception was introduced by the NBA in 2002 and adopted by FIBA in 2006. The NCAA, however, has permitted instant replay for timing, the value of a field goal (two or three points), shot clock violations, and for purposes of disqualifying players because of unsportsmanlike conduct. The NBA changed its rules starting in 2007 to allow officials the ability to view instant replay with plays involving flagrant fouls, similar to the NCAA. In Italy's Serie A, an American football-style coach's challenge is permitted to challenge (at the next dead ball) an official's call on any situation similar to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19749803", "chunk_text": "\"Records for safeties in football\"\na rule stating that if a team commits multiple fouls on the same down with the intent of manipulating the game clock, the team will be penalized 15 yards for unsportsmanlike conduct and the game clock will be reset in response to this incident. Under NFL overtime rules first adopted in 1974, the first team to possess the ball in overtime wins immediately if they score a touchdown, and the team that kicks off to them at the beginning of overtime wins immediately if they score a safety. There have been only three walkoff safety wins in overtime in NFL", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17071428", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Hinkle\"\nwas crowned national champion; in 1924, he had been assistant coach when they received similar honors. Overall, his basketball teams scored 560 victories versus 392 defeats, and he scored more than 1,000 victories in all sports. Hinkle was instrumental in ending the rule providing for a jump ball after every basket, and in the introduction of the three-second rule. Basketballs were generally brown until Hinkle introduced the orange basketball in the late 1950s. He also came up with the \"\"Hinkle System\"\" offense strategy, based on a complex system of motion, passes, picks and screens; it was adopted by many of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17482646", "chunk_text": "\"William S. Stevens\"\nof Pennsylvania Law School. The Infield Fly Rule (now covered by Major League Baseball rules 6.05e and 2.00), was adopted in the 1890s to prevent situations in which fielders could take advantage of base runners by intentionally allowing a ball to drop with runners on first and second or bases loaded and less than two outs in order to turn a double play or triple play on the base runners. In such circumstances, the Infield Fly Rule is invoked at the umpire's discretion if a fair fly ball can be caught by an infielder \"\"with ordinary effort\"\", and the batter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_222	when did jack mccoy join law and order?	n/a	[ "1994" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15517845", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nJack McCoy John James McCoy is a fictional character in the television drama \"\"Law & Order\"\". He was created by Michael S. Chernuchin and portrayed by Sam Waterston from 1994 until the end of the series in 2010. He is the second-longest tenured character on the show (16 seasons), after Lt. Anita Van Buren (17 seasons; portrayed by S. Epatha Merkerson). He appeared in 368 episodes of \"\"Law & Order\"\", four episodes of \"\"\"\", two episodes of \"\"\"\", two episodes of \"\"\"\", and the made-for-TV movie \"\"\"\". Waterston's performance as McCoy on the New York-based series was so popular that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536543", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\n\"\"some of the best episodes of the immortal series' 19th season.\"\" Tucker elaborates how the character, riding \"\"herd over a couple of stubborn young bucks — assistant DAs Mike Cutter (Linus Roache) and Connie Rubirosa (Alana de la Garza) — McCoy argues, bellows orders, and croaks with outrage when his charges disobey his legal advice.\"\" Jack McCoy John James McCoy is a fictional character in the television drama \"\"Law & Order\"\". He was created by Michael S. Chernuchin and portrayed by Sam Waterston from 1994 until the end of the series in 2010. He is the second-longest tenured character on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "108905", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nHe has subsequently developed a reputation with both colleagues and rival attorneys, once being referred to as \"\"the top of the legal food chain\"\" by a rival attorney during a trial. Following the 17th season (2006–2007), Jack McCoy was appointed interim district attorney, taking over from Arthur Branch (Fred Thompson). McCoy's appearance on \"\"\"\" on the November 13, 2007, episode \"\"Blinded\"\", marked his first appearance in the \"\"Law & Order\"\" universe as district attorney. The replacement for his former position is Michael Cutter (Linus Roache), a prosecutor with a penchant for recklessness not unlike McCoy's own in his younger days.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15517846", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nit resulted in him being declared a \"\"Living Landmark\"\" by the New York Landmarks Conservancy, along with fellow longtime series cast member Jerry Orbach (who portrayed the popular police detective Lennie Briscoe for 12 years). Jack McCoy brings 24 years of experience with him as he is appointed Executive Assistant District Attorney by Adam Schiff (Steven Hill) in the season five premiere episode \"\"Second Opinion\"\". He quickly establishes himself as a more unconventional, ruthless litigator than his predecessor, Ben Stone (Michael Moriarty). He often bends—and sometimes breaks—trial rules to get convictions, finds tenuous rationales for charging defendants with crimes when", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15517850", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nmurder case where the motive was racism against illegal immigrants of Hispanic descent. In the episode \"\"Skate or Die\"\", the place where his final campaign fundraiser would be held is discovered by the organizers to be owned by a man who served a 20-year prison sentence for racketeering. Eventually, the final campaign fundraiser is held at a Chinese seafood restaurant with a kosher section. McCoy was hand-picked for the interim DA position by Governor Donald Shalvoy (Tom Everett Scott), and the two initially have a friendly, productive working relationship. By the end of the 18th season, however, McCoy discovers that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536527", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nThis occasionally presents political difficulties for the new district attorney. More than once, McCoy berates Cutter for reckless conduct, in the same manner as he was berated by district attorneys when he was executive assistant district attorney. In the season 19 episode \"\"Lucky Stiff\"\", McCoy begins his election campaign for New York County District Attorney after serving the last season and a half as interim DA. In the season-19 episode \"\"Promote This\"\", in 1991 his wife Ellen (whom he was divorcing) is revealed to have unknowingly employed an undocumented immigrant as a nanny. This causes McCoy political havoc during a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536530", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nelection; he serves as DA for the remainder of this final season of \"\"Law & Order\"\". While he is a brilliant legal mind, McCoy has more than a few personal demons. He was abused by his father, an Irish Chicago policeman who had also beat Jack's mother, and who eventually died of cancer. McCoy says that his determination and unyielding work ethic are a byproduct of having been harshly punished by his father for losing at anything. He also revealed that his father was a racist who once hit him for dating a Polish girl. McCoy disliked his father, calling", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8349725", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nthe end of the episode, McCoy says that he lost his faith after the death of a childhood friend. McCoy's unconventional and sometimes ruthless professional conduct has put his job in jeopardy more than once throughout the series. Some of the more serious occurrences are: McCoy has appeared in four episodes of \"\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"\"; however, he is often referred to in the series, and his actions affect the ADAs working with the Special Victims Unit. \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" television critic Ken Tucker has praised \"\"Law & Order\"\"s creator Dick Wolf for putting McCoy at the center of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3564291", "chunk_text": "\"Abbie Carmichael\"\nAbbie Carmichael Abigail \"\"Abbie\"\" Carmichael is a fictional character on the TV drama \"\"Law & Order\"\" created by René Balcer and portrayed by model/actress Angie Harmon. The character was regularly featured from 1998 to 2001. She appeared in 78 episodes (72 episodes in \"\"Law & Order\"\", and 6 episodes in \"\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"\"). Abbie Carmichael is introduced in the episode \"\"Cherished\"\", having transferred from the Narcotics Bureau to replace Jamie Ross (Carey Lowell) as Jack McCoy's (Sam Waterston) assistant in the New York County DA's office. The series reveals that she is from Dallas and attended the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6268521", "chunk_text": "\"Sam Waterston\"\nSam Waterston Samuel Atkinson Waterston (born November 15, 1940) is an American actor, producer, and director. Among other roles, he is noted for his portrayal of Sydney Schanberg in \"\"The Killing Fields\"\" (1984), for which he received an Academy Award nomination, and his starring role as Jack McCoy on the long-running NBC television series \"\"Law & Order\"\" (1994–2010), which brought him Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards. He has been nominated for multiple Golden Globe, Screen Actors Guild, BAFTA and Emmy awards, having starred in over eighty film and television productions during his fifty-year career. He has also starred", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536539", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nexecution is unlikely. Kincaid asks McCoy if he is able to accept the probability of \"\"unlikely\"\"; his hesitation indicates that he has never considered the possibility. In later seasons, his view towards the death penalty has apparently changed: in season 18's \"\"Executioner\"\", he is deeply troubled hearing of a gruesomely botched execution in South Carolina, and in season 20's \"\"Four Cops Shot\"\", he resists efforts by a U.S. attorney to prosecute a suspect in the murder of a police officer under a federal death penalty statute. He has shown mercy on occasion, such as the 1997 episode \"\"Burned\"\" in which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536537", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nepisode, though he has won the case, McCoy is so troubled that he does not even want to share an elevator with Kincaid. While McCoy was not exactly a part of the 1960s counterculture, he did protest against the policies of the Richard Nixon administration, particularly the Vietnam War. In 1972, he published an article in the \"\"New York University Law Review\"\" in defense of Catholic priests who had been opposed to the conflict. He does retain some of the wild streak from his youth; he is a fan of The Clash and he rides a Yamaha motorcycle. He is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2817002", "chunk_text": "\"Ed Danvers\"\ncase personal, illustrating how the entire unit, and Al Giardello (Yaphet Kotto) in particular, has come to think of Danvers as a member of the Homicide \"\"family.\"\" Danvers is usually depicted as highly dedicated and skilled, with a nearly encyclopedic knowledge of practical trial law. He is also flexible, as evidenced in the show's crossovers with \"\"Law & Order\"\", in which his relationship with New York A.D.A. Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston) is depicted as alternately adversarial and cooperative, depending on the demands of the job. It is revealed in \"\"Sideshow\"\", a Season 7 crossover with \"\"Law & Order\"\", that, as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8349724", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nto his uncle, a priest. When the confession tape is labeled privileged, McCoy ignores the bishop's request to preserve the sacrament of reconciliation and instead tries to use the tape as evidence. When Detective Rey Curtis (Benjamin Bratt) tries to dissuade McCoy from doing so, reminding him that he is a Catholic, McCoy responds, \"\"Not when I'm at work.\"\" When a man is accused of killing a drug dealer who killed the man's son, a priest (Denis O'Hare) confesses to the crime. Though McCoy personally believes that the priest is covering for the man, he prosecutes the priest, instead. At", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6302570", "chunk_text": "\"Law & Order\"\nfor Ben Stone involved him resigning over guilt after a woman he compelled to testify against a Russian mobster was murdered by his cohorts. To replace Moriarty, Sam Waterston was Wolf's first choice for the role of Executive Assistant District Attorney John J. \"\"Jack\"\" McCoy Jr.; Waterston's character was markedly different from Moriarty's in that Jack McCoy was conceived as more emotionally stable and having more sex appeal. Wolf dismissed Noth when his contract expired at the end of Season 5, because he felt that Lennie Briscoe and Mike Logan had become too similar to each other and the writers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "108914", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nman's lawyer, Paul Kopell (Ron Leibman), is one of McCoy's oldest friends, with whom he had a competitive relationship for years, and he proves to be equally aggressive in his approach to his work. As Kopell repeatedly stymies McCoy's prosecutorial efforts, McCoy takes the position that Kopell is not acting as an independent attorney, but as a participant in organized crime, and eventually prosecutes Kopell for conspiracy in the juror's murder. He tells Kopell's wife that the prosecution is not personal, but she angrily replies that McCoy simply wants the final victory over a rival. By the end of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15517853", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nhim a \"\"son-of-a-bitch\"\"; however, he admits he could have easily become like him. While not a nationalist, he cares enough about his heritage to be offended by a lawyer's insinuation that two murder suspects committed the crime because of their \"\"Irish temper\"\". McCoy has been divorced twice (one ex-wife having been a former assistant) and has an adult daughter, Rebecca, with first ex-wife Ellen. One of his ex-wives left him because he worked too many late nights. A gossip columnist writes that McCoy has not seen or spoken to his daughter since 1997, and McCoy receives an envelope containing pictures", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "888319", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Logan (Law & Order)\"\nfor upper-class professions, especially lawyers, accounting for his antagonistic relationship with EADA Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston). He has diverse political views; he is adamantly pro-choice, favors drug legalization, and compares the Patriot Act to George Orwell's \"\"Nineteen Eighty-Four\"\". While he has at various points held slight prejudices against people of Arabic and Japanese descent, by 2007 he shows unbridled disdain towards any form of racism. When Noth was fired from the show in 1995 over a salary dispute, the Logan character was written out; in the \"\"Law & Order\"\" universe, Logan is transferred from Manhattan Homicide to the Staten Island", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12193272", "chunk_text": "\"Casey Novak\"\nfor a schizophrenic child rapist to avoid him being extradited to Louisiana where he would face the death penalty. Manhattan's new DA Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston) calls Novak into his office and threatens to fire her and have her disbarred if she abuses the authority of the DA's office again. In the season 6 episode \"\"Goliath\"\", Novak states that she is a big supporter of the U.S military. She explains that her father was an M60 door gunner on a Huey during the Vietnam War. His helicopter crashed three times, and he received a Purple Heart. Novak lives in an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4308482", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Moriarty\"\nHollywood trade magazine, calling upon fellow artists to stand up with him against attempts to censor TV show content. He subsequently wrote and published \"\"The Gift of Stern Angels\"\", his account of this time in his life. The character of Ben Stone has yet to reappear on the franchise. The February 7, 2018, episode of \"\"\"\" opens with Sam Waterston's character of Jack McCoy delivering a eulogy at Ben Stone's funeral. Wolf and others working on \"\"Law & Order\"\" tell a different story, however. On November 18, 1993, Moriarty and Wolf, along with other television executives, met with Reno to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8349716", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nRebecca. In the season-20 episode \"\"Dignity\"\", McCoy mentions to EADA Michael Cutter (Linus Roache) and ADA Connie Rubirosa (Alana de la Garza) that his daughter is either pregnant or a new mother, thus making him soon to be or already a grandfather. He also has a nephew, which indicates that he has at least one sibling. By 2008, his nephew had a young daughter. McCoy has a reputation for having romantic affairs with his ADAs. Claire Kincaid (Jill Hennessy) mentions this when they first meet; he tells her he has had affairs with only three of his ADAs, but by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17491748", "chunk_text": "\"Rafael Barba\"\nleaves the DA's office midway through the nineteenth season, in the episode \"\"The Undiscovered Country.\"\" His regrets over having left his father on life support in a diabetic coma lead him to disconnect the life support system for a comatose infant whose parents have been feuding over whether to do so. DA Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston) insists on prosecuting him for murder. Although he is acquitted, Barba decides that it is time to move on, after 21 years as a prosecutor. Raúl Esparza was approached by \"\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit\"\" Executive Producer Warren Leight to appear in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "108916", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nopposed to the Iraq War. Unlike his predecessor Ben Stone (Michael Moriarty), McCoy embraces the option of the death penalty, claiming it is a suitable punishment for particularly heinous crimes and a useful threat in plea bargaining. This often leads to heated arguments with his more liberal colleagues. In \"\"Savages\"\", when the death penalty has just been restored in New York following the election of Governor George Pataki, Kincaid asks McCoy about the probability of executing an innocent individual. McCoy responds that, with the lengthy prosecution process and opportunities for the defendant to appeal the verdict, the probability of wrongful", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14711531", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nhe prosecutes a boy with bipolar disorder for murdering his sister. The boy's grandfather (Robert Vaughn), a wealthy CEO (and good friend of Schiff's) who also proved to suffer from the disorder, had attempted to get his grandson to plead guilty and go to jail rather than plead insanity and be committed to a mental institution, fearing that a public revelation of the boy's illness would provide enough evidence to reveal his own illness and affect his reputation. McCoy leads the effort to prevent an unjust punishment for the boy. Similarly, in season seven's \"\"Deadbeat\"\", he declines to prosecute a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "883072", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nHawthorne (Laila Robins), with whom he had a sexual relationship, was found to have suppressed evidence so they could win a case, resulting in an innocent man going to prison. During her trial for intentionally engineering the wrongful convictions, Hawthorne claims that the convictions earned McCoy a promotion he was seeking. Ironically, in the same trial, during which McCoy is forced to admit he was having an affair with Hawthorne, he is being represented by Kincaid, with whom he is presently having an affair. In \"\"House Counsel\"\", McCoy tries to prosecute a mobster for bribing and murdering a juror. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15517851", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nShalvoy is involved in a prostitution scandal that is tied to a murder case he is prosecuting. Angered and disappointed, McCoy orders Cutter to start investigating Shalvoy, who retaliates by lending his support to McCoy's opponent in the election. In the last episode of season 19, \"\"The Drowned and the Saved\"\", Cutter uncovers evidence that Shalvoy tried to buy a Senate seat for his wife, and threatens him with public disgrace unless he resigns. McCoy's opponent suddenly has no patron, giving McCoy good prospects for victory. In the opening episode of season 20, McCoy was revealed to have won the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2937357", "chunk_text": "\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 9)\"\n\"\"Blinded\"\" commented on the Kennedy v. Louisiana debate about punishing child rape with the death penalty. Sam Waterston made an appearance as his \"\"Law & Order\"\" character, DA Jack McCoy. Since the eighteenth season of \"\"Law & Order\"\" had yet to air at this point, this was the first time that Jack McCoy appeared as the DA rather than an EADA. The episode \"\"Fight\"\" featured guest appearances by UFC fighters Forrest Griffin and Renzo Gracie. Nicole \"\"Coco\"\" Austin also appeared and had a scene with her husband Ice-T. This marked their first acting appearance together even though Coco had appeared", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2527726", "chunk_text": "\"Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 19)\"\nof \"\"SVU\"\" (\"\"Something Happened\"\"). Walters played the rape victim, Laurel Linwood, who knows she was raped but can't remember what happened. Going played Laurel's sister, Leah, who is brought in to help fill in the blanks. On September 20, 2017, it was announced Sam Waterston would guest star in an upcoming episode of \"\"SVU\"\" as his \"\"Law & Order\"\" character, Jack McCoy. Waterston was re-united with show runner/EP Michael S. Chernuchin, who also held the same position at the time Waterston joined the original series in 1994; Chernuchin is credited as the creator of the McCoy character. This also marked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12536534", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nhaving an affair, with the relationship eventually confirmed in the season-9 episode \"\"Sideshow\"\", long after the Kincaid character had exited the show. Kincaid is killed in a car accident, a source of ongoing pain for McCoy; her death is implied to be the motivation for his legally questionable prosecution of an alcoholic who has killed several people while driving under the influence. Defense attorneys have used his sexual history against him. Since Kincaid's death, McCoy has kept his relationships with assistants professional, albeit friendly. McCoy's affairs with his ADAs have often had explosive consequences. For instance, his former ADA Diana", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3209944", "chunk_text": "\"John Munch\"\nthe \"\"Law & Order\"\" spinoff \"\"\"\". He appeared in the first fifteen seasons of that series from 1999 to 2014, and occasionally as a guest thereafter. On \"\"SVU\"\", Munch becomes a senior detective in the New York Police Department's Special Victims Unit, and is first partnered with Brian Cassidy (Dean Winters), followed by Monique Jeffries (Michelle Hurd), and Fin Tutuola (Ice-T). In the premiere, Munch is promoted to the rank of Sergeant and occasionally takes on supervisory functions within the department. In season 14, Munch is temporarily reassigned to the Cold Case Unit, after solving a decade-old child abduction case", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7407981", "chunk_text": "\"Law & Order (season 18)\"\n\"\"\"\", returned to \"\"Law & Order\"\" this season as executive producer. In May 2007, cast member Fred Thompson departed the series to return to politics, with reports saying he would seek the Republican nomination for the 2008 U.S. presidential election. His character, District Attorney Arthur Branch, was replaced in that function by Sam Waterston's Jack McCoy, with McCoy being promoted to Branch's vacant seat after serving as Executive Assistant District Attorney since the resignation of his predecessor Benjamin Stone. Since this move required that a new character be added to the series, the writers created the role of EADA Michael", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15468887", "chunk_text": "\"Claire Kincaid\"\nshare key information she learned while interviewing a witness, which subsequently comes out in trial, jeopardizing the case. Stone eventually relents and refuses to accept her resignation, relating to her because of a key mistake he made early in his career. In another case, Kincaid temporarily resigns after it is revealed she and a judge that the DA's office is prosecuting were once lovers, possibly jeopardizing the case against him. After Stone resigns from the DA's office, she is paired with Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston), the new Executive ADA. In the two seasons they appear in together, she and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6464200", "chunk_text": "\"Lennie Briscoe\"\nOrbach's death. He appears in 282 episodes (273 episodes of \"\"Law & Order\"\", two episodes of \"\"Law & Order: Trial by Jury\"\", one episode of \"\"\"\", three episodes of \"\"\"\", and three episodes of \"\"\"\"), the TV movie \"\"\"\" and the \"\"Law & Order\"\" video games \"\"\"\", \"\"\"\", \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\". Orbach's performance as Briscoe on the New York-based series was so popular that it resulted in him being declared a \"\"Living Landmark\"\" by the New York Landmarks Conservancy, along with fellow longtime series cast member Sam Waterston (who portrayed the prosecutor Jack McCoy on the show). Lennie Briscoe is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3209947", "chunk_text": "\"John Munch\"\non U.S television longer than Marshal Matt Dillon (\"\"Gunsmoke\"\") and Frasier Crane (\"\"Cheers\"\" and \"\"Frasier\"\"), both of whom were on television for 20 seasons. Munch's return to help his friends in the SVU seventeenth-season episode \"\"\"\" marks the 23rd season that the character has appeared on television in any capacity. Munch first appeared as a central character in the TV series \"\"Homicide: Life on the Street,\"\" as a homicide detective in the Baltimore Police Department's fictionalized homicide unit, which debuted January 31, 1993. The character was primarily based on Jay Landsman, a central figure in David Simon's true crime book", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "108912", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nthe end of the episode, she realizes that he has only had three female ADAs before her. In the episode \"\"Scoundrels\"\", McCoy reveals that Sally Bell, a recurring defense attorney played by Edie Falco, had been one of those ADAs. He at one point was revealed to have had a romantic relationship with his frequent courtroom adversary, defense attorney Vanessa Galiano (Roma Maffia). Kincaid initially makes it clear that she is not interested in a romantic relationship, and McCoy agrees to her stipulation. However, throughout the two seasons in which the two characters appear together, they are implied to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1794641", "chunk_text": "\"Serena Southerlyn\"\nSerena Southerlyn Serena Southerlyn is a fictional character (played by Elisabeth Röhm) on the long-running NBC drama series \"\"Law & Order\"\". She appeared in 85 episodes. Southerlyn joins the District Attorney's office in the 2001 episode \"\"Who Let the Dogs Out?\"\" as an assistant district attorney, replacing Abbie Carmichael (Angie Harmon). She worked under District Attorneys Nora Lewin (Dianne Wiest) and Arthur Branch (Fred Thompson) and Executive Assistant District Attorney Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston). She was the second longest serving junior ADA in the history of the series, having served three complete seasons and half of a fourth. Southerlyn often", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8349723", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nwoman who is the sole caregiver for a boy dying of cancer, although he implies that he may do so once the boy has died. McCoy was raised Catholic, but does not appear to be in practice, and has not been for some time; he describes himself as a \"\"lapsed Catholic\"\". McCoy was educated by the Jesuits. On several occasions, religion has been the subject of various cases. In the episode \"\"Thrill\"\", in which two teenaged boys are accused of killing a man just for fun, McCoy finds his case particularly complicated when one of the suspects confesses the crime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1165383", "chunk_text": "\"Dog and Cat\"\nDog and Cat Dog and Cat is an American television series that aired on ABC on Saturday night at 10:00 p.m Eastern time in 1977. Lou Antonio played Sgt. Jack Ramsey, an undercover detective with the Los Angeles Police Department, who found himself teamed with a very green partner named J.Z. Kane (Kim Basinger). Together they formed a relationship based on friendship and trust (completely platonic) that led to them capturing many of L.A.'s criminals. Lieutenant Arthur Kipling (Matt Clark) was their boss. \"\"Dog and Cat\"\" is a slang term used by police officers to denote a male-female partnership. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2041933", "chunk_text": "\"Adam Schiff (Law & Order)\"\nout. He is also pro-choice. While he is often stern and unforgiving in his professional conduct, he has amicable relationships with his assistants. He is closest to Benjamin Stone (Michael Moriarty), and is saddened to see him resign when a witness he is trying to protect is murdered. His relationship with Stone's successor, Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston), is more problematic, as McCoy is more ruthless and unconventional, and his habitual bending of trial rules occasionally garners Schiff bad publicity. However, the two eventually grow to like and respect each other. He has many friends among New York's elite, including powerful", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18593095", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Schlossberg\"\nto be done and we can all do something to help.\"\" On April 10, 2016, he and Caroline greeted the then U.S. Secretary of State, John Kerry, who arrived at the Iwakuni Marine Corps Air Station in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan to attend the G7 foreign ministers' meeting in Hiroshima prefecture. In November 2017, Schlossberg presented the New Frontier Award to U.S. Congressman Carlos Curbelo (R-Fla.) and May Boeve, executive director of 350.org. On May 11, 2018, Schlossberg made his acting debut as Officer Jack Hammer on the eighth-season finale of the television show \"\"Blue Bloods\"\". In 2017 he was named", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7981051", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Cutter\"\nfollowing the appointment of his predecessor Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston) to the New York County District Attorney seat vacated by Arthur Branch (Fred Dalton Thompson). He works closely with Connie Rubirosa (Alana de la Garza), the Assistant District Attorney who had previously aided McCoy. Because of this, he has occasionally discussed McCoy with her—usually with complaints—in an attempt to understand his new boss. As evidenced by his first appearance, he is familiar with former District Attorney Arthur Branch, having apparently been in Branch's office on at least one occasion. In the episode \"\"Executioner\"\", he reveals that he supports the death", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6268527", "chunk_text": "\"Sam Waterston\"\nseries \"\"Amazing Stories\"\" called \"\"Mirror Mirror\"\". In 1994, he appeared as US President William Foster, alongside Forest Whitaker and Dana Delany, in the television film \"\"The Enemy Within\"\", a remake of director John Frankenheimer's Cold War political thriller \"\"Seven Days in May\"\". In 1994, Waterston debuted as Executive Assistant District Attorney Jack McCoy in the fifth season of the television series \"\"Law & Order\"\". He played the role of McCoy, who would eventually become District Attorney, through the series finale in 2010, and has reprised the role throughout the \"\"Law and Order\"\" franchise. Upon the show's cancellation, Waterston was the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3583254", "chunk_text": "\"John Doggett\"\nto the final episode of season 9. Doggett made his first appearance in the 2000 episode \"\"Within\"\". Doggett served in the United States Marine Corps from the 1970s to the 1980s. Later he started working for the New York Police Department, he was eventually promoted to detective. After his son's death, he got a job in the FBI. He started to work for the Criminal Investigations Division. In 2000, he was assigned to the X-Files office, after the disappearance of Mulder. The introduction of Doggett was met with mostly positive reaction by critics, while getting more mixed response from longtime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "108910", "chunk_text": "\"Jack McCoy\"\nof his daughter. He does not open the envelope; rather, he places it in his bottom left desk drawer, next to a bottle of Jim Beam. In \"\"Fallout\"\", the last scene shows McCoy meeting his daughter at a restaurant. During a conversation with (fictional) New York Governor Donald Shalvoy, he mentions Rebecca has taken a job in San Diego, and that she drove up to Los Angeles to meet him there for dinner while he was attending a conference on official business; the governor uses this to try to smear McCoy, wrongly implying that he used public funds to visit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6302550", "chunk_text": "\"Law & Order\"\nAttorney's Office. Plots are often based on real cases that recently made headlines, although the motivation for the crime and the perpetrator may be different. The show has been noted for its revolving cast over the years. Among the longest-running main cast members were Steven Hill as District Attorney Adam Schiff (seasons 1–10), Jerry Orbach as Detective Lennie Briscoe (seasons 3–14), S. Epatha Merkerson as Lieutenant Anita Van Buren (seasons 4–20), Sam Waterston as Executive Assistant District Attorney Jack McCoy (seasons 5–20; later District Attorney) and Jesse L. Martin as Detective Ed Green (seasons 10–18). \"\"Law & Order\"\"s twenty seasons", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "291161", "chunk_text": "\"Alexandra Cabot\"\nof the early episodes had already been written before she was added. Plans were made for later episodes to explain Cabot's return to New York, plus a greater exploration of her personal life and past, but the cancellation of \"\"Conviction\"\" made this moot. The explanation of Cabot's return from witness protection to the DA's office in \"\"Conviction\"\" was finally revealed in the \"\"SVU\"\" season-10 episode, \"\"\"\", where she reveals to the SVU detectives that she has been asked by DA Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston) to step in for Kim Greylek (Michaela McManus), when Greylek was called back to the Justice", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19110184", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Winkelman\"\nPincus and directed by Hy Averback, with Richard Crenna later assuming some directing duties. Winkelman did not appear on \"\"The Real McCoys,\"\" after the February 1, 1962 episode, \"\"The Law and Mr. McCoy, in which the Walter Brennan character is arrested and jailed for burning trash and decides to tackle City Hall as a result. In the series' last season on CBS, Lydia Reed as Hassie McCoy, and Tony Martinez as farmhand Pepino Garcia, all appeared less frequently than they had in the first years on ABC. Subsequently, Winkelman found few acting jobs and entered the United States Navy during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15468886", "chunk_text": "\"Claire Kincaid\"\nwith the realities of the legal system. She graduated from Harvard Law School, where her stepfather Mac Geller (played by Len Cariou) had been one of her professors. It is suggested throughout the fifth and sixth season that Kincaid and Executive ADA Jack McCoy (Sam Waterston) have a sexual relationship. However, it is not explicitly stated until season 9, long after the character had exited the show. During her first season on the show, she is paired with Executive ADA Ben Stone (Michael Moriarty). During the prosecution of a rape case, he threatens to fire her after she fails to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18712158", "chunk_text": "\"Jack Ewing\"\nher half – fifty cents. After Jamie died and her will was left unsigned, Jack testifies in court that he sold his shares to Jamie to spite April so she would not benefit from him. The judge orders that April receives her five percent. After this, Jack leaves Dallas and is not seen again. Jack Ewing Jack Ewing is a character that appeared in the popular American television series \"\"Dallas\"\", played by Dack Rambo from 1985 to 1987. Jack was born in Alaska in 1951, to Jason and Nancy Ewing. He had a younger sister named Jamie Ewing. Jack married", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9391117", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Hagen\"\na guest-starring role on the classic 1950s police series \"\"Dragnet\"\", starring Jack Webb. Hagen began to work steadily in television and film. His first regular role on a series was in 1958 in the CBS Western \"\"Yancy Derringer\"\", starring Jock Mahoney in the title role. Hagen played John Colton, the city administrator of New Orleans, around 1868. At the beginning of each episode, Colton asks Derringer to halt some threat facing the city; at the end of each segment, he arrests Derringer for breaking the law to solve the crisis. On April 29, 1962, Hagen was cast as the lead", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_223	who did the music for your lie in april?	n/a	[ "Masaru Yokoyama" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790959", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April\"\nof the Blu-ray release of the anime series. It was later published in \"\"tankōbon\"\" format on August 17, 2016. A-1 Pictures has aired the anime production of \"\"Your Lie in April\"\". It premiered on October 10, 2014, in Japan and ended on March 20, 2015. The first opening theme song is by Goose house and the first ending theme song is by wacci. The second opening song is by Coalamode and the second ending theme is by 7!! (Seven Oops). The original soundtracks are composed by Masaru Yokoyama. In North America, Aniplex of America licensed the series within the region,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7809375", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April\"\nYour Lie in April Your Lie in April, known in Japan as or just simply Kimiuso, is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Naoshi Arakawa. The series was serialized in Kodansha's \"\"Monthly Shōnen Magazine\"\" from April 2011 to May 2015. An anime television series adaptation by A-1 Pictures aired from October 2014 to March 2015 on Fuji TV's Noitamina block. A live-action film adaptation of the same name was released in September 2016. Piano prodigy Kōsei Arima dominates various music competitions and becomes famous among child musicians, but also controversial. When his mother Saki dies suddenly, he has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3737762", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April (film)\"\nthat a pianist play with her, so Kaori forces Kosei to come out retirement and assist her. During the competition, Kosei experiences a breakdown again, but Kaori encourages him to restart the recital, despite the fact that it will disqualify her. He succeeds and while Kaori is disqualified, she is invited to play at a gala concert. For the gala, Kaori picks Love's Sorrow, a piece that Saki used to play as a lullaby for her son. Kosei is initially hesitant, but his mother's pianist friend, Hiroko Seto, tells him that it would be a good chance to prove to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13598943", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April\"\nAwards\"\". Your Lie in April Your Lie in April, known in Japan as or just simply Kimiuso, is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Naoshi Arakawa. The series was serialized in Kodansha's \"\"Monthly Shōnen Magazine\"\" from April 2011 to May 2015. An anime television series adaptation by A-1 Pictures aired from October 2014 to March 2015 on Fuji TV's Noitamina block. A live-action film adaptation of the same name was released in September 2016. Piano prodigy Kōsei Arima dominates various music competitions and becomes famous among child musicians, but also controversial. When his mother Saki dies suddenly, he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7809376", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April\"\na mental breakdown while performing at a piano recital which resulted in him no longer being able to hear the sound of his piano even though his hearing was perfectly fine. Four years later, Kōsei has not touched the piano and views the world in monochrome, without any flair or color, resigning himself to living out his life with his good friends, Tsubaki Sawabe and Ryōta Watari, until, one day, a girl changes everything. Kaori Miyazono, an audacious, free-spirited, fourteen-year-old violinist whose playing style reflects her manic personality, helps Kōsei return to the music world and shows that it should", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13598942", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April\"\nShintarō Anzai as Kōsei Arima, Arisa Matsunaga as Kaori Miyazono, Misato Kawauchi as Tsubaki Sawabe, Masanari Wada as Ryōta Watari, Haruka Yamashita as Emi Igawa, and Shōjirō Yokoi as Takeshi Aiza. Additional cast was later announced, with: Takako Nakamura as Yuriko Ochiai, Shun Mikami as Akira Takayanagi, Haruka Igarashi as Nao Kashiwagi, Kuniko Kodama as Hiroko Seto, and Ryōko Tanaka as Saki Arima. The manga won the award for Best Shōnen Manga at the 37th Kodansha Manga Awards. It was nominated for the 5th Manga Taishō. The anime adaptation was the winner of the Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper's \"\"2016 Sugoi Japan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3737766", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April (film)\"\nby Ikimono-gakari. The film was third placed on its opening weekend, with in gross and 200,036 admissions. Your Lie in April (film) Kosei Arima is a pianist who has won many awards and recognition due to his precision, timing, and ability to switch between tempos easily, earning him the moniker \"\"human metronome\"\". However, he came so far to his position because he was meticulously taught by his terminally ill mother, Saki, who was abusive and demanding. When, as a seven-year-old, she slapped him after a victory that she deemed unwarranted, he declared his refusal to play the piano again and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7115498", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April (film)\"\nYour Lie in April (film) Kosei Arima is a pianist who has won many awards and recognition due to his precision, timing, and ability to switch between tempos easily, earning him the moniker \"\"human metronome\"\". However, he came so far to his position because he was meticulously taught by his terminally ill mother, Saki, who was abusive and demanding. When, as a seven-year-old, she slapped him after a victory that she deemed unwarranted, he declared his refusal to play the piano again and wished that she died. Indeed, Saki died the following day; this caused Kosei to experience a mental", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14189498", "chunk_text": "\"You Lied\"\nYou Lied \"\"You Lied\"\" is a track originally performed by British progressive metal band Peach. It was notably covered live by Tool and released on their \"\"Salival\"\" live DVD/CD box set. The song itself in its Peach incarnation was heavily influenced by \"\"Opiate\"\" and \"\"Undertow\"\"-era Tool sound, with its central heavy guitar riffs. The lyrics and melody were originally written in the 1980s by Simon Oakes (Peach's vocalist) for Amelia Fletcher, singer with Talulah Gosh. It was originally recorded in 1990 by Amelia and Simon as members of Bloom. After Simon joined Peach in 1992, this was one of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13598941", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April\"\na stage play adaptation of the manga was green-lit, and set to run on August the same year. The stage play was announced to be held at the AiiA 2.5 Theater Tokyo from August 24, 2017, to September 3, 2017, and at the Umeda Arts Theater in Osaka from September 7, 2017, to September 10, 2017. The stage play is directed by Naohiro Ise, and written by Kaori Miura. It was also revealed that the play would have live musical performances, with Yuta Matsumura performing the piano, and Shuko Kobayashi performing the violin. The main cast was announced, and stars:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790961", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April\"\nannounced for the live-action adaptation of the series: Kento Yamazaki as Kōsei Arima, Suzu Hirose as Kaori Miyazono, E-girls' Anna Ishii as Tsubaki Sawabe, and Taishi Nakagawa as Ryōta Watari. While the original story depicts the characters in their junior high year, it is announced that they will be in their second-year of high school in the film. The adaptation, slated to be released in Japan in September 2016, will be written by Strawberry Night's live-action scriptwriter Yukari Tatsui, and directed by Paradise Kiss's live-action director Takehiko Shinjō. In the May issue of \"\"Monthly Shōnen Magazine\"\", it was announced that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7115499", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April (film)\"\nbreakdown, making him unable to hear sounds from the piano as well as seeing everything as black and white. Kosei subsequently quit the venue. Sometime in April of his teenage years, Kosei is asked by his childhood friends, Tsubaki Sawabe and Ryota Watari, to go on a double date with them and Kaori Miyazono, whom Tsubaki says is attracted to Watari. Kaori, as it turns out, is a bubbly children-loving violinist. She plays the violin in an unorthodox manner, refusing to follow the cues and instead creating her own flow that nevertheless impresses the audience. One of her competitions requires", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3737765", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April (film)\"\nviolin alongside him. At spring of the following year, Kosei opens a letter written by Kaori, who did not survive her operation. He learns that Kaori had been admiring him since very young and decided to take violin so she could someday play with him. When she learned that her illness was terminal, she transformed her image and personality drastically. Telling him to apologize to Tsubaki and Watari in her place. She told him that she had loved him all this time and not Watari, that was her lie in April. The theme song of the film is \"\"Last Scene\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11708468", "chunk_text": "\"Telling Me Lies\"\nTelling Me Lies \"\"Telling Me Lies\"\" is a song written by Linda Thompson and Betsy Cook, which was included on Thompson's 1985 \"\"One Clear Moment\"\" album (her first solo album, after divorcing husband and former collaborator Richard Thompson). A more famous recording of the song, however, was Linda Ronstadt, Dolly Parton and Emmylou Harris's version, which they included on their 1987 collaboration \"\"Trio.\"\" The song was also released as the album's second single, and it reached the top ten on the U.S. country singles charts in the fall of 1987. Parton, Ronstadt and Harris' recording of the song was nominated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13598935", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April\"\ninviting Kōsei to play at a Gala with her. However, Kaori fails to show up on the day of the Gala, and as her health deteriorates, she begins to give up on life. This time, Kōsei is the one who inspires her after playing a duet with Nagi Aiza, the pianist sister of a fellow rival of his named Takeshi Aiza. After shedding tears and listening to it, Kaori opts for a risky surgery that may kill her if it fails, just so that she can play with him one more time. While playing in the finals of the Eastern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1277991", "chunk_text": "\"Baby I Lied\"\nBaby I Lied \"\"Baby I Lied\"\" is a song recorded by American country music artist Deborah Allen. It was released in August 1983 as the first single from the album \"\"Cheat the Night\"\". The song reached number 4 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was also her only hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, where it went to number 26. The song was written by Allen, Rafe VanHoy and Rory Michael Bourke. The B-side of the single, \"\"Time is Taking You Away from Me\"\" was written by Allen and VanHoy, and is a track that has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17040931", "chunk_text": "\"Helen Terry\"\nHelen Terry moved into film and television production, beginning as a children's TV researcher in 1990, has worked as a producer for the BRIT Awards TV broadcast since 2001, becoming the executive producer in 2005. The 2008 broadcast attracted 6.1 million viewers. Track listing Helen Terry Helen Terry (born 25 May 1956) is a British singer, known for her backing vocal work with Culture Club. As a solo performer, she scored a Top 40 hit single in 1984 with \"\"Love Lies Lost\"\", and released one album in 1986, \"\"Blue Notes\"\". She then pursued a career in film and television production,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7656743", "chunk_text": "La-La-La-Lies\nLa-La-La-Lies \"\"La-La-La-Lies\"\" is the fourth track on the Who's debut album \"\"My Generation\"\". It was written by lead guitarist Pete Townshend. Townshend wrote the song during the summer of 1965, and the band recorded it consistently with his home demos. According to Townshend, the song \"\"wasn't as good as this before I did it with Keith [Moon]. It's not my favourite one on the LP. It reminds me a bit of Sandie Shaw.\"\" Chris Charlesworth calls the melody \"\"attractive.\"\" Charlesworth particularly highlights Moon's unusual drumming, in which Moon uses only his tom-toms during the verses and refrain and incorporates cymbals", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2683806", "chunk_text": "\"Lie About Us\"\nLie About Us \"\"Lie About Us\"\" is a song recorded by American recording artist Avant from his fourth studio album \"\"Director\"\" (2006). The song features former lead singer of the Pussycat Dolls Nicole Scherzinger. Inspired by Beau Dozier's relationship with soul singer Joss Stone he wrote it along with Bruce Boniface while production was handled by Ron Fair, Dozier and Tal Herzberg. \"\"Lie About Us\"\" is a neo soul ballad which lyrically discusses a man promising to his mistress to come clean to the world about their affair. An original version of the song appears on the 2004 Showtime album", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19276300", "chunk_text": "\"Lie (NF song)\"\nLie (NF song) \"\"Lie\"\" is a song by American hip hop artist and songwriter NF. It serves as the fourth single from his third studio album, \"\"Perception\"\", and was released on April 17, 2018, for digital download and streaming. The song is played in a F major key, and 95 beats per minute. \"\"Lie\"\" was released on April 17, 2018, as the fourth single for his third studio album, \"\"Perception\"\". The song is NF's second mainstream radio release, following \"\"Let You Down\"\". On the track, NF tells the story of a failed relationship and calls out a girl for being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3737763", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April (film)\"\nhis mother what a pianist he has become. During the concert, Kaori is unexpectedly hospitalized, so Kosei plays the piece solo. Kaori is later released and forces Kosei to \"\"replace\"\" Watari for a date the two had made, as a punishment for his not showing up for her during her hospitalization. The two visit the school that night, where Kaori reveals that she had lied about the date, as she is still hospitalized, but she does not want her illness to make her helpless. When she collapses, Kosei takes her to the hospital but otherwise is unable to say anything", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1254408", "chunk_text": "\"Sweet Lies (song)\"\nSweet Lies (song) \"\"Sweet Lies\"\" is a song by the English singer Robert Palmer, released in 1988 as a single from the soundtrack of the film of the same name. As well as appearing on the film's soundtrack release, it was also included on Palmer's 1989 compilation album \"\"\"\". The song was written by Palmer, Frank Blair and Dony Wynn, and produced by Palmer. Palmer's first single release since 1986, \"\"Sweet Lies\"\" was released by Island Records from the forthcoming \"\"Sweet Lies\"\" motion picture soundtrack. The single peaked at No. 94 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart and lasted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11692421", "chunk_text": "\"Lies (1931 song)\"\nLies (1931 song) \"\"Lies\"\" is a popular song with music by Harry Barris and lyrics by George E. Springer. It was published in 1931. The song was originally recorded in 1931-32 by: It has since been recorded by many other singers, including Perry Como for RCA Victor, Snooky Lanson for London, Julia Lee and Her Boyfriends for Capitol, and Jack Pleis and His Orchestra for Decca Records (United States). The Como recording was made on November 4, 1952 and released by RCA Victor Records as catalog number 20-5064 (78 rpm) and 47-5064 (45 rpm). The flip side of the single", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13056000", "chunk_text": "\"Telling Me Lies\"\nfor a Grammy award in 1988 for \"\"Country Song of the Year\"\". Telling Me Lies \"\"Telling Me Lies\"\" is a song written by Linda Thompson and Betsy Cook, which was included on Thompson's 1985 \"\"One Clear Moment\"\" album (her first solo album, after divorcing husband and former collaborator Richard Thompson). A more famous recording of the song, however, was Linda Ronstadt, Dolly Parton and Emmylou Harris's version, which they included on their 1987 collaboration \"\"Trio.\"\" The song was also released as the album's second single, and it reached the top ten on the U.S. country singles charts in the fall", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7269053", "chunk_text": "\"Betsy Cook\"\nBetsy Cook Betsy Cook is an American-born singer, songwriter and musician. Since the late 1970s, she has worked mainly in the United Kingdom and collaborated with various British artists such as Gerry Rafferty, Ray Jackson, Lindisfarne, George Michael, Paul Young, Seal and Marc Almond. She later became affiliated with the acclaimed producer Trevor Horn and worked on several of his projects in the late 1980s and early 1990s before releasing her own album, \"\"The Girl Who Ate Herself\"\", in 1992. As a songwriter, Cook was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1988 for the song \"\"Telling Me Lies\"\". Cook worked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20961351", "chunk_text": "\"Karen Souza\"\nIn 2013, she spent two months touring throughout Mexico. While she was known for her jazz renditions of 1980s hits, her repertoire includes a number of her own songs, such as \"\"Paris\"\", \"\"Break my Heart\"\" and \"\"Lie to Me\"\". Her version of \"\"Creep\"\" by Radiohead was used extensively in the film \"\"The Zero Theorem\"\" (2013). Terry Gilliam, who directed the film, was unfamiliar with the original. Karen Souza Karen Souza (born January 10, 1984) is a jazz singer from La Pampa, Argentina. Souza began her career by providing vocals for producers of electronic music. Under the pseudonyms Privé, Pacha Ibiza,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16675924", "chunk_text": "\"Real Lies\"\nReal Lies Real Lies are a London electronic group who first released music in 2013, composed of lyricist Kev Kharas, singer and songwriter Tom Watson and producer Patrick King. An early run of singles included the songs \"\"Deeper\"\" and \"\"World Peace\"\" (released together on vinyl in 2013), and \"\"North Circular\"\" and \"\"Dab Housing\"\" (released together on vinyl the following year). BBC Radio 1 DJ Zane Lowe awarded \"\"World Peace\"\" his 'Hottest Record in the World' accolade, while \"\"Dab Housing\"\" was premiered by Annie Mac on the same station. Expanding to a five-piece for live shows, the band embarked on a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8060096", "chunk_text": "\"Lie (NF song)\"\n\"\"cold\"\" to him and lying about how bad he was to her. Lie is NF's second highest charting song in the United States, peaking at No. 48 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. Recording Personnel Credits adapted from Genius. Lie (NF song) \"\"Lie\"\" is a song by American hip hop artist and songwriter NF. It serves as the fourth single from his third studio album, \"\"Perception\"\", and was released on April 17, 2018, for digital download and streaming. The song is played in a F major key, and 95 beats per minute. \"\"Lie\"\" was released on April 17, 2018, as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3769431", "chunk_text": "\"Little Lies\"\nLittle Lies \"\"Little Lies\"\" is a song by the English/American rock band Fleetwood Mac. It was the third single to be taken from their 1987 album \"\"Tango in the Night\"\". To date, it is their most recent top 10 hit in the US. The song was composed by the band's keyboard player and vocalist, Christine McVie and her then-husband Eddy Quintela. The lead vocals were performed primarily by McVie although the chorus of the song featured brief solo passages by Lindsey Buckingham and Stevie Nicks. When released, the song reached number 1 for four weeks on the Billboard adult contemporary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1277993", "chunk_text": "\"Baby I Lied\"\nregret.\"\" Baby I Lied \"\"Baby I Lied\"\" is a song recorded by American country music artist Deborah Allen. It was released in August 1983 as the first single from the album \"\"Cheat the Night\"\". The song reached number 4 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was also her only hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, where it went to number 26. The song was written by Allen, Rafe VanHoy and Rory Michael Bourke. The B-side of the single, \"\"Time is Taking You Away from Me\"\" was written by Allen and VanHoy, and is a track that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7664758", "chunk_text": "\"Grey Cloudy Lies\"\nthe basic track for \"\"Grey Cloudy Lies\"\" at A&M Studios in Hollywood on 24 April 1975. The line-up on the track was Harrison on electric guitar; David Foster on piano; Jesse Ed Davis on Leslie-effected guitar, played through a wah-wah pedal; Voormann on bass; and drummer Jim Keltner, another regular participant at Harrison recording sessions. In their book \"\"Eight Arms to Hold You\"\", Chip Madinger and Mark Easter suggest that Foster may have added his piano part during the album's overdubbing phase, however, between 31 May and 6 June. According to author Bruce Spizer, Harrison was dissatisfied with Voormann's contribution,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10524399", "chunk_text": "\"You Lie (The Band Perry song)\"\nYou Lie (The Band Perry song) \"\"You Lie\"\" is a song written by Aaron, Brian and Clara Henningsen, and recorded by The Band Perry, an American country music group. It was released in January 2011 as the third single from the band's self-titled debut album, and their second consecutive release to reach top ten on the Hot Country Songs chart. The song's female narrator is angered by her significant other's infidelity and constant lying, using similes to describe his lies. In the song's bridge, she throws his wedding ring in a river. The song was written by Aaron, Brian, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18930458", "chunk_text": "\"Erica Lindbeck\"\nErica Lindbeck Erica Lindbeck (born May 29, 1992) is an American voice actress known for voicing characters in English-dubbed anime and video games. In 2015, she became the voice of the latest generation of Barbie dolls and merchandise. In anime, she has voiced main characters Kaori Miyazono from \"\"Your Lie in April\"\", Eli Ayase from the \"\"Love Live!\"\" series, Ibara Naruse from \"\"Coppelion\"\", Kanae Kotonami from \"\"Skip Beat!\"\" and Oei from \"\"Miss Hokusai\"\". She graduated from UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television in 2014. She and fellow voice actress Mela Lee host their own web series called \"\"Lindbeck and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2820153", "chunk_text": "\"Love Lies (song)\"\nLove Lies (song) \"\"Love Lies\"\" is a song recorded by American singers Khalid and Normani. It was written by Khalid, Normani, Jamil Chammas, Ryan Vojtesak and Taylor Parks, with production handled by Charlie Handsome and Chammas. It was released commercially through RCA Records on February 14, 2018, as the second single from the movie soundtrack for \"\"Love, Simon\"\". It is Normani's debut solo single. Commercially, it has peaked at number nine on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. Normani first hinted at a possible collaboration between her and Khalid via an Instagram post in July 2017. Khalid also opened up about", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17040927", "chunk_text": "\"Helen Terry\"\nHelen Terry Helen Terry (born 25 May 1956) is a British singer, known for her backing vocal work with Culture Club. As a solo performer, she scored a Top 40 hit single in 1984 with \"\"Love Lies Lost\"\", and released one album in 1986, \"\"Blue Notes\"\". She then pursued a career in film and television production, most prominently behind the scenes as a producer and executive producer for the TV broadcast of the BRIT Awards since 2001. Terry was asked to perform on Culture Club's debut album, \"\"Kissing to Be Clever\"\", after lead singer Boy George met her at a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3251747", "chunk_text": "\"A Lie\"\nA Lie \"\"A Lie\"\" is a song recorded by Moroccan-American rapper French Montana featuring Canadian singer The Weeknd and American rapper Max B. The song was written by French, The Weeknd, Rory Quigley, Jason Quenneville, Danny Schofield, Charly Wingate, Matt Carillo, Fred Lowinger, Russ Mitkowski and Matthew Quenones, while the production was handled by Harry Fraud, DaHeala, DannyBoyStyles and Masar. The song was serviced to rhythmic radio on August 15, 2017 as the album's third single. The single peaked at number 75 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. The music video for \"\"A Lie\"\" premiered on July 14, 2017 on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19833764", "chunk_text": "\"Lies (Thompson Twins song)\"\nLies (Thompson Twins song) \"\"Lies\"\" is a 1982 song by the British band Thompson Twins. It was released as the first single from the album \"\"Quick Step and Side Kick\"\" (\"\"Side Kicks\"\" in the U.S.), and the song peaked at #67 on the UK singles chart. The single fared better in the United States, where it peaked at #30 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart in the spring of 1983. Along with the B-side track \"\"Beach Culture\"\", \"\"Lies\"\" also spent two weeks at #1 on the American dance chart in January 1983, becoming the band's second #1 on this chart", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17238309", "chunk_text": "\"Lies (Big Bang song)\"\nLies (Big Bang song) \"\"Lies\"\" () is a song recorded by the South Korean boy group Big Bang. The song was written and composed by rapper G-Dragon. It was released on August 16, 2007 by YG Entertainment as the first single from Big Bang's first extended play \"\"Always\"\" (2007). It became the group's breakout hit, topping charts in their home country for several weeks and consequently winning Song of the Year at the 2007 Mnet Asian Music Awards. The song remains one of their most critically acclaimed song to date and is often view as one of their signature songs.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18047908", "chunk_text": "\"Love the Way You Lie\"\nthe vocals with D-Verb—a reverberation software—and an Extra Long Delay plug-in. He preferred to make few changes; for \"\"Love the Way You Lie\"\" he almost exclusively used board compression and console equalization. Strange used the Bricasti and Eventide Reverb 2016 mixing tools for \"\"brighter\"\" reverberation. Detroit musician Luis Resto has contributed to the arrangement on many of Eminem's songs, but did not do so for \"\"Love the Way You Lie\"\". According to Strange, \"\"Everything we needed was already in the track, apart from the vocals.\"\" Two to three weeks after the sessions, Alex da Kid arrived to help mix and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6008023", "chunk_text": "\"Making April\"\nand titled \"\"The Egg Hunt\"\". In early 2008, the band supported rock artist Secondhand Serenade with Rookie of the Year, Automatic Loveletter and White Tie Affair, on a two-month national tour of the United States. During live shows, the band has been known to use digital string tracks, with the Apple computer program GarageBand, to create a closer sound to their recorded songs. The band performed on the Howard Stern show during a segment called \"\"cockyoke\"\". Making April Making April was an American piano-based alternative rock band formed in Verplanck, New York, in 2005. The band consisted of vocalist and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10511698", "chunk_text": "\"Christie Hennessy\"\nChristie Hennessy Christie Hennessy (born Edward Christopher Ross; 19 November 1945 – 11 December 2007) was an Irish folk singer-songwriter. Although Hennessy was unable to read or write due to severe dyslexia, he still wrote his own songs such as \"\"Roll back the Clouds\"\" and \"\"All the lies that you told me\"\". He sang \"\"All the lies that you told me\"\" with his daughter Hermione, but the song was made famous by Frances Black rather than Hennessy and his daughter. Hennessy was born in Tralee, County Kerry, Ireland. His first guitar was made, especially for him, from a tea chest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "757617", "chunk_text": "\"April Fools (song)\"\nApril Fools (song) \"\"April Fools\"\" is a song written and performed by American-Canadian singer-songwriter Rufus Wainwright. It originally appeared on his eponymous debut studio album, released by DreamWorks Records in May 1998. The song's music video was directed by Sophie Muller and features cameo appearances by Gwen Stefani and Melissa Auf der Maur. \"\"April Fools\"\" appears on two other albums in Wainwright's discography—\"\"All I Want\"\" (2005) and \"\"\"\" (2014)—as well as multiple compilation albums. \"\"April Fools\"\" is an approximately five minute long pop song written and performed by Wainwright. The track features Wainwright's vocals and a \"\"powerful\"\" piano performance over", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13598937", "chunk_text": "\"Your Lie in April\"\nmanga series is written and illustrated by Naoshi Arakawa, and began serialization on April 6, 2011, in Kodansha's \"\"Monthly Shōnen Magazine\"\". The first \"\"tankōbon\"\" was published by Kodansha on September 16, 2011, and the final volume was released in two editions, a regular edition and a limited edition, with the limited edition bundled with an OVA, and was released on May 15, 2015. The series is licensed in English in North America by Kodansha Comics, and the first volume was published on April 21, 2015. A spin-off manga titled \"\"Shigatsu wa Kimi no Uso: Coda\"\" was bundled with the release", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11692423", "chunk_text": "\"Lies (1931 song)\"\nby Decca in 1955 as catalog number 29664, with the flip side \"\"Hey There\"\". Lies (1931 song) \"\"Lies\"\" is a popular song with music by Harry Barris and lyrics by George E. Springer. It was published in 1931. The song was originally recorded in 1931-32 by: It has since been recorded by many other singers, including Perry Como for RCA Victor, Snooky Lanson for London, Julia Lee and Her Boyfriends for Capitol, and Jack Pleis and His Orchestra for Decca Records (United States). The Como recording was made on November 4, 1952 and released by RCA Victor Records as catalog", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18930459", "chunk_text": "\"Erica Lindbeck\"\nLee\"\" with local voice actor guests. Erica Lindbeck Erica Lindbeck (born May 29, 1992) is an American voice actress known for voicing characters in English-dubbed anime and video games. In 2015, she became the voice of the latest generation of Barbie dolls and merchandise. In anime, she has voiced main characters Kaori Miyazono from \"\"Your Lie in April\"\", Eli Ayase from the \"\"Love Live!\"\" series, Ibara Naruse from \"\"Coppelion\"\", Kanae Kotonami from \"\"Skip Beat!\"\" and Oei from \"\"Miss Hokusai\"\". She graduated from UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television in 2014. She and fellow voice actress Mela Lee host their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18362628", "chunk_text": "\"Lie Lie Lie\"\nLie Lie Lie \"\"Lie Lie Lie\"\" is a song by Serj Tankian. The song was released as a single from his debut solo album \"\"Elect the Dead\"\". The music video is directed by Martha Colburn. The music video is available on the iTunes order of \"\"Elect the Dead\"\". The song is characterized by opera singer Ani Maldjian singing: \"\"la la la la la la la la lie lie lie\"\" either with Serj or by herself. The song is featured in the opening titles of NBC's \"\"Fear Itself\"\", a horror anthology show from the creators of Masters of Horror, and can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8127237", "chunk_text": "\"I'd Lie for You (And That's the Truth)\"\nI'd Lie for You (And That's the Truth) \"\"I'd Lie for You (And That's the Truth)\"\" is a song composed and written by Diane Warren, and recorded by Meat Loaf and Patti Russo. The song was released in 1995 as the first single from the album \"\"Welcome to the Neighbourhood\"\". The single release reached No. 2 in the United Kingdom and No. 13 in the United States. The music video for \"\"I'd Lie for You\"\" was directed by Howard Greenhalgh and photographed by Daniel Pearl. The storyline appears to start out as a continuation of the \"\"I'd Do Anything for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10114618", "chunk_text": "\"Love Lies (song)\"\nmessages via text. On April 10, 2018, the two artists performed \"\"Love Lies\"\" on \"\"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\"\". On May 20, they performed the song at the 2018 \"\"Billboard\"\" Music Awards. Credits adapted from Tidal. Love Lies (song) \"\"Love Lies\"\" is a song recorded by American singers Khalid and Normani. It was written by Khalid, Normani, Jamil Chammas, Ryan Vojtesak and Taylor Parks, with production handled by Charlie Handsome and Chammas. It was released commercially through RCA Records on February 14, 2018, as the second single from the movie soundtrack for \"\"Love, Simon\"\". It is Normani's debut solo", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1827289", "chunk_text": "\"You Lie (Reba McEntire song)\"\nYou Lie (Reba McEntire song) \"\"You Lie\"\" is a song written by Bobby Fischer, Charlie Black and Austin Roberts, and recorded by American country music artist Reba McEntire. It was released in August 1990 as the first single from the album \"\"Rumor Has It\"\". \"\"You Lie\"\" was Reba McEntire's fourteenth number one country hit. The single went to number one for one week and spent a total of 20 weeks on the country chart. Before McEntire's version was released, Cee Cee Chapman cut it on her 1988 album \"\"Twist of Fate\"\". The narrator knows her husband no longer loves her,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16675926", "chunk_text": "\"Real Lies\"\nBlues\"\", their debut album \"\"Real Life\"\" was released in 2015, receiving positive reviews from NME, The Guardian and Clash (magazine). A video for the song \"\"One Club Town\"\" was premiered by i-D in February 2016. \"\"The Checks\"\" was released in April 2018 on their own UNREAL label. Clash Magazine called it \"\"a gritty, rave empowered return.\"\" In autumn of the same year, \"\"White Flowers\"\" – a collaboration with British producer Tom Demac – was released through Kompakt, and reviewed favourably by Pitchfork. Real Lies Real Lies are a London electronic group who first released music in 2013, composed of lyricist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_224	who died in the first episode of stranger things?	n/a	[ "Benny" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5930812", "chunk_text": "\"Eleven (Stranger Things)\"\nIn the first season, Eleven escapes from Hawkins Laboratory and attempts to steal food from a local restaurant. She and the owner bond, but the owner calls social services. The responding social worker, who turns out to be a Hawkins Laboratory agent, kills the owner. Eleven flees before being taken once again. She is then found by Mike Wheeler (Finn Wolfhard), Dustin Henderson (Gaten Matarazzo) and Lucas Sinclair (Caleb McLaughlin), who are looking for their missing friend, Will Byers (Noah Schnapp). Mike allows Eleven to live in his basement. Fearing recapture, Eleven convinces Mike not to tell any adults about", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7096025", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nStranger Things Stranger Things is an American science fiction-horror web television series created, written, and directed by the Duffer Brothers and released on Netflix. The Duffer Brothers, Shawn Levy, and Dan Cohen serve as executive producers. The first season stars Winona Ryder, David Harbour, Finn Wolfhard, Millie Bobby Brown, Gaten Matarazzo, Caleb McLaughlin, Natalia Dyer, Charlie Heaton, Cara Buono, and Matthew Modine, with Noah Schnapp and Joe Keery in recurring roles. For the second season, Schnapp and Keery were made series regulars, along with the additions of Sadie Sink, Dacre Montgomery, Sean Astin, and Paul Reiser; Maya Hawke joined the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17960931", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nrole, Gaten Matarazzo as Dustin, Caleb McLaughlin as Lucas, Natalia Dyer as Nancy, and Charlie Heaton as Jonathan. In September 2015, Cara Buono joined the cast as Karen, followed by Matthew Modine as Martin Brenner a month later. Additional cast who recur for the first season include Noah Schnapp as Will, Shannon Purser as Barbara \"\"Barb\"\" Holland, Joe Keery as Steve Harrington, and Ross Partridge as Lonnie, among others. Actors auditioning for the children roles read lines from \"\"Stand By Me\"\". The Duffer Brothers estimated they went through about a thousand different child actors for the roles. They noted that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6647097", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nand subsequent scripts incorporated aspects from these actors. The brothers said Modine provided significant input on the character of Dr. Brenner, whom they had not really fleshed out before as they considered him the hardest character to write for given his limited appearances within the narrative. In October 2016, it was announced that Schnapp and Keery had been promoted to the main cast for the second season, after each recurring in the first season, and that Sadie Sink and Dacre Montgomery would join the main cast as Max and Billy, respectively. Ryder, Harbour, Wolfhard, Brown, Matarazzo, McLaughlin, Dyer and Heaton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7096029", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nfictional rural town of Hawkins, Indiana, during the early 1980s. The nearby Hawkins National Laboratory ostensibly performs scientific research for the United States Department of Energy, but secretly does experiments into the paranormal and supernatural, including those that involve human test subjects. Inadvertently, they have created a portal to an alternate dimension called \"\"the Upside Down\"\". The influence of the Upside Down starts to affect the unknowing residents of Hawkins in calamitous ways. The first season begins in November 1983, when Will Byers is abducted by a creature from the Upside Down. His mother, Joyce, and the town's police chief,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5930810", "chunk_text": "\"Eleven (Stranger Things)\"\nEleven (Stranger Things) Eleven (born Jane Ives; later Jane Hopper) is a fictional character of the Netflix science fiction horror series \"\"Stranger Things\"\". Portrayed by English actress Millie Bobby Brown, she is a girl with psychokinetic and telepathic abilities. Eleven is the daughter of Teresa \"\"Terry\"\" Ives, a participant in the Project MKUltra experiments conducted by the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Eleven appears to have been born telekinetic. However, the use of her abilities temporarily weakens her and causes her nose to bleed. At birth, Eleven was taken away from her mother by Dr. Martin Brenner and was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7096104", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nwas the character of Barb, the nerdy friend and classmate of Nancy who is taken and killed by the monster early in the season. According to actress Shannon Purser, Barb \"\"wasn't supposed to be a big deal\"\", and the Duffer Brothers had not gone into great detail about the character since the focus was on finding Will. However, many fans sympathized with the character, with Laura Bradley of \"\"Vanity Fair\"\" suggesting that these people found that Barb would be a similar misfit in society, and \"\"looks more like someone you might actually meet in real life\"\" compared to the other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1403179", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nalso return for the season. Sean Astin as Bob Newby and Paul Reiser as Sam Owens are also part of the main cast in the season. Sean Astin's character, Bob, was originally meant to be a smaller role, but Astin performed his role so well the Duffer Brothers ended up having Bob be a major character, as well as giving him a heroic death. For Owens, the Duffer Brothers had referred to the character in their pitch to Netflix for the season as \"\"Paul Reiser\"\", and specifically alluded to Reiser's character Burke in \"\"Aliens\"\", with Ross referencing James Cameron's casting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2225095", "chunk_text": "\"Eleven (Stranger Things)\"\nand bags of salt. Eleven accesses the Upside Down and confirms that Will is alive. As laboratory personnel close in on the school, Mike tells Eleven that she can be a part of his family and asks her to the school dance. He then kisses her after struggling to explain his feelings towards her. Eleven helps the group escape by using her powers to kill most of the agents, although doing so leaves her drained. The monster from the Upside Down makes its way into their dimension, and Eleven seemingly sacrifices herself to destroy the creature and save her friends.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5930814", "chunk_text": "\"Eleven (Stranger Things)\"\ncliff into a river with Dustin being held hostage but Eleven returns, immediately intervenes before Mike is able to jump and saves both Mike and Dustin. Eleven, Mike, and Dustin reunite with Lucas and make amends. They travel to their middle school with Dr. Brenner and his associates in close pursuit. During the chase, Eleven uses her powers to cause a laboratory van to flip through the air. The group is aided by Joyce Byers (Winona Ryder), Police Chief Jim Hopper (David Harbour), Nancy Wheeler (Natalia Dyer), and Jonathan Byers (Charlie Heaton), produce a makeshift isolation tank with a pool", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15262724", "chunk_text": "\"Hershel Greene\"\nAlexandria compound. Wilson's performance in this episode was his last onscreen appearance; he died on October 6, 2018, shortly after the episode was filmed, of leukemia. Hershel makes his first chronological appearance in the franchise in \"\"Episode 1: A New Day\"\", which takes place before the events of Issue #10 in the comic book series. At the point where Lee Everett meets Hershel, Lee has just escaped from the nearby suburbs, together with Clementine, Shawn, who is still alive at this point, and depending on player actions, Shawn's friend Chet, or the police officer Andre Mitchell. Hershel tends to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2225096", "chunk_text": "\"Eleven (Stranger Things)\"\nOne month later, after a Christmas party, Hopper leaves the police station and drives to the woods. There, he leaves waffles in a concealed box. The whereabouts or condition of Eleven are left ambiguous. In the second season, it is revealed that Eleven is alive and, instead of dying, woke up in the Upside Down after destroying the creature at the end of the first season. Eleven escapes the Upside Down through a slimey portal, leading her back to the human universe. With the government forces still searching for her, she instead hides in a forest where she struggles to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1237547", "chunk_text": "\"Tanya Turner\"\nJason's fingers, causing him to let go of the roof and fall to his death. The series opened with a funeral, assumed to be Jason's, although it turned out to be Chardonnay's when a glass coffin with her name on in large crystal letters appeared from the back of a funeral car. Her widower, Kyle, bore her secret — she had killed Jason, and then battled with anorexia due to the pressure of her guilt, which eventually led to her death. Jason, however, was ruled in court to have committed suicide. Events in Tanya's life also took a surprising turn.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7096105", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\ncharacters, particularly Nancy, in the series. Hashtags such as \"\"#ImWithBarb\"\" and \"\"#JusticeforBarb\"\" grew in popularity after the series' release, and several fan sites and forums were created to support her. While Purser did not return for the second season, the Duffer Brothers used the real-life \"\"Justice for Barb\"\" movement as inspiration for narrative at the start of the second season, with Nancy addressing the fact \"\"that no one ever cares about\"\" Barb. Purser and several media outlets took her nomination as Barb for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series in the 69th Primetime Emmy Awards as achieving \"\"Justice for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18565670", "chunk_text": "\"Haven (season 1)\"\nthe death of Joe Sandimaro, as well as the deaths of Hessberg nurses Bill Rand and Mrs. Wilson. Nathan pursues a relationship with animal-rights activist Jess Minnion, though he experiences anxiety over being intimate with her because, as we find out, he can't feel physical sensation. The relationship ends after Minnion is attacked and nearly killed during one of Nathan's investigations (involving the Dark Man). Jess decides to return to Montreal, unable to cope with being drawn into the dangers inherent in Wuornos's line of work. After she leaves, Nathan discovers that he is able to feel the touch of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1403228", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\ncharacters to introduce its ARCore technology announced alongside its Pixel 2 phone in October 2017. \"\"Sesame Street\"\" created a young audience-appropriate spoof of \"\"Stranger Things\"\", called \"\"Sharing Things\"\", released in November 2017; it featured Cookie Monster as the \"\"Cookiegorgon\"\", Grover as Lucas, Ernie as Dustin, and included several nods to the narrative of the second season. Stranger Things Stranger Things is an American science fiction-horror web television series created, written, and directed by the Duffer Brothers and released on Netflix. The Duffer Brothers, Shawn Levy, and Dan Cohen serve as executive producers. The first season stars Winona Ryder, David Harbour,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17418303", "chunk_text": "\"Haven (season 1)\"\nAudrey Parker, and though he keeps the discovery to himself, he begins to find excuses to be in physical contact with her. Nathan attends a surprise birthday party for Parker at a hotel on a nearby island called Carpenter's Knot. A sudden storm hits and the lights go out. While trying to restore power, the guests find the hotel owner lying dead in a shapeless heap. Chief Wuornos, Nathan's father and one of the guests, explains the strange circumstances, saying that a shape-shifter must have been posing as the hotel owner for years. The \"\"chameleon\"\" has killed one of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3770970", "chunk_text": "\"The Cost of Living (Lost)\"\n\"\"Who are you?!\"\", and then finds the smoke monster. An arm of smoke attacks Eko, beating him into trees before he is slammed into the ground. Locke and the others rush out of the station to find a bloodied Eko. Locke approaches Eko, who whispers his dying words into Locke's ears. Sayid asks what he said, and Locke replies, \"\"We're next.\"\" At , Jack is invited by Ben Linus (Michael Emerson) to attend a memorial service being held for Colleen. On the way, Jack asks about the symptoms of Ben's spinal tumor, particularly pointing out that it will kill him.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10172116", "chunk_text": "\"Friday the 13th: A New Beginning\"\nJoey with an axe, and is subsequently arrested. The body is discovered by attending ambulance drivers Roy Burns and Duke. Roy is deeply disturbed by Joey's death, but Duke believes that the murder was a prank gone horribly wrong. That evening, greasers Vinnie and Pete are murdered by an unseen assailant after their car breaks down. The following night, Billy and his girlfriend Lana are killed with an axe. Panic begins to ensue, but the mayor refuses to believe the sheriff's claim that, somehow, Jason Voorhees has returned. The next day, Tina and Eddie sneak off into the woods to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8881064", "chunk_text": "\"After the First Death\"\nfull of preschoolers on a trip to school camp. Miro is assigned to kill the driver of the bus, unexpectedly a teenage girl substituting for her uncle. Artkin starts handing candies laced with sedatives to the children, knocking them unconscious. One child is killed by the drugs, most likely of an overdose or heart condition. Because of this, Artkin orders Miro not to kill the bus driver right away so that she can calm the children on the bus. The bus arrives at the bridge. Miro explains to the driver, Kate, that he participated in the hijacking in the belief", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7096030", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nJim Hopper, search for Will. At the same time, a young psychokinetic girl called Eleven escapes from the laboratory and assists Will's friends, Mike, Dustin, and Lucas, in their own efforts to find Will. The second season is set a year later, starting in October 1984. Will has been rescued, but few know of the details of the events. When it is discovered that Will is still being influenced by entities from the Upside Down, his friends and family learn there is a larger threat to their universe from the Upside Down. The third season is set a year later,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5930827", "chunk_text": "\"Eleven (Stranger Things)\"\nfor Best Hero and Best Actor in a Show, winning the latter award. She won Best Performance by a Younger Actor in a Television Series at the 43rd Saturn Awards. She was twice nominated for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series in 2017 and 2018. She won a Kids Choice Award for Best Female Actor in 2018. Eleven (Stranger Things) Eleven (born Jane Ives; later Jane Hopper) is a fictional character of the Netflix science fiction horror series \"\"Stranger Things\"\". Portrayed by English actress Millie Bobby Brown, she is a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5930821", "chunk_text": "\"Eleven (Stranger Things)\"\nto have visual hallucinations. Eleven stays with Kali and her friendsrunaways who are determined to take revenge on people who have hurt them. Kali tells Eleven that while using her powers, she needs to think about what makes her most angry. When they go to get revenge on Brenner's assistant who helped hurt Eleven's mother, Eleven begins to choke him to death but stops upon realizing that he has two daughters. She then stops Kali from shooting him. Back at the hideout, Eleven witnesses Hopper and Mike in danger through the void. While the gang are about to flee, Eleven", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17418301", "chunk_text": "\"Haven (season 1)\"\nseem to react to being shot. He also investigates the bizarre destruction of a ship called the Rust Bucket with Parker. Another case involves the bizarre behavior of doctors and patients at the Murray Q. Frederickson Psychiatric Facility, when Nathan suffers a psychotic episode after falling victim to Ray McBreen's metaphysical power. Other cases include the inexplicable putrefaction of food surrounding Bill and Jeff McShaw at the Second Chance Bistro, the rapid-aging deaths of Phil Reiser and Joe Campbell, the mauling deaths of T. R. Holt and Brad Donnelly, the baffling attack on Eliot Wallace aboard the ship Endorfin and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7581379", "chunk_text": "\"Levi Dunkleman\"\nand Nathan corner Levi, and he is shot in the shoulder. At that moment, Victor and his men abduct the entire group. Levi recovers and finds Maxie at the bedside of his very much alive father, Peter Harrell (David Gautreaux). As father and son plan to kill Maxie, Nathan rushes in and kills Peter with a single shot to the back. Nathan and Levi fight with Levi gaining the upper hand, until Maxie kills Levi by stabbing him in the back. Levi's remains appear to have been destroyed when the clinic exploded. Majority of viewers immediately hated the character and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15270633", "chunk_text": "\"The Stranger (Once Upon a Time)\"\nthat had swallowed them, Monstro, passes them and tilts their raft. In an effort to save each other, Geppetto tells him to take the life jacket, but Pinocchio refuses, jumps into the water, and tells Geppetto to save himself. The following morning, Geppetto washes up on shore and discovers that Pinocchio saved him as the lifeless puppet boy lies face-down in the water. As Geppetto weeps at the loss of his son, the Blue Fairy (Keegan Connor Tracy) appears, saying he can still save him and uses her wand to turn him into a real boy. As the Blue Fairy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5930824", "chunk_text": "\"Eleven (Stranger Things)\"\nalso have her seem a little scary.\"\" Originally, \"\"Stranger Things\"\" was pitched as a limited series, and it was planned that Eleven would sacrifice herself in the last episode of the series. However, Netflix were keen for the show to be continued in a second season, and so the brothers decided to keep the character alive. Of all the roles on the show, the brothers felt it was most difficult to cast Eleven. As the character had few lines, they wanted a child actor that was able to convey lots of emotion. The Duffers were concerned that they would not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11902322", "chunk_text": "\"13 Eerie\"\nwho is upset with Larry for inadvertently destroying much of the equipment, Megan finds Kate injured, carrying her back to the student cabin before she dies. Rob, believing something is up, leaves Daniel to go out on his own. As Kate revives as a zombie and Rob approaches her as one after being bitten to death by the tattoo zombie (Ryland Alexander) and thug zombie (Jason Truong), Megan is forced to gruesomely kill the two of them. The remaining crew splits up and searches for the missing others, and Daniel finds Megan. Back at the main cabin, as the zombies", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4497059", "chunk_text": "\"The Life and Death of Jeremy Bentham\"\nto protect Locke. After learning of Locke's plan to seek advice from Eloise Hawking (Fionnula Flanagan) on how to return to the island, Ben kills Locke, making it look like suicide. He then takes Jin-Soo Kwon's (Daniel Dae Kim) wedding ring, which Jin had entrusted to Locke. The narrative returns to the present on the island, where Locke discovers an unconscious Ben among the injured passengers of Flight 316. This episode and \"\"316\"\" were written at the same time by executive producers Lindelof and Cuse. \"\"The Life and Death of Jeremy Bentham\"\" was originally meant to be aired first, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13337387", "chunk_text": "\"Life Is Strange\"\nMeeting Chloe at the diner where her mother Joyce (Cissy Jones) works, they decide to experiment with Max's power at Chloe's secret scrapyard hideout. However, strain causes Max to have a nosebleed and faint. Chloe takes her back to Blackwell, but class is halted when everyone is called out to the courtyard. Kate commits suicide by jumping off the roof of the girls' dorm. Max manages to rewind and time stops unexpectedly as she reaches Kate, giving Max the opportunity to convince her to come down. Max ultimately resolves to uncover what happened to Kate and Chloe's missing friend Rachel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6525565", "chunk_text": "\"Eric Koenig\"\nbase Providence. Eric Koenig has Phil Coulson keep private about the fact that Nick Fury is still alive. In the episode \"\"The Only Light in the Darkness\"\", Eric Koenig conducts lie-detector tests on Phil Coulson's team in order to see who can be trusted. He is murdered offscreen by Grant Ward and his body is found in a ventilation duct by Skye. In the episode \"\"Nothing Personal\"\", Eric Koenig's body is found by Jemma Simmons, who confirms Eric Koenig's cause of death. Oswalt returned in the season finale \"\"Beginning of the End\"\" as Eric's twin brother Billy Koenig, who oversees", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12261343", "chunk_text": "\"Mythology of Lost\"\nis impossible on the Island (\"\"One of Us\"\"). Ben Linus appears deeply shocked when told he has a tumor on his spine, and Juliet notes the coincidence that Jack, a spinal surgeon, arrived on the island two days after Ben's condition was diagnosed. Similarly, Rose had been dying of cancer before crashing on the island. After the crash, she feels as if the cancer has \"\"left her body\"\" and, in \"\"S.O.S.\"\", credits her cure to the island. Jack contracts appendicitis while on the Island, which Rose observes is suspicious given that they expect their imminent rescue and the fact that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17464844", "chunk_text": "\"Series 1, Episode 6 (Humans)\"\nby adding synth technology to his brain and body. Eventually, David chased all of them away and committed suicide. Joe reconciles with Laura when Leo and Max arrive with the Hawkins children. Leo is able to restore Mia and then leaves with Max to meet Fred, but Joe calls authorities on them. Cornered by Edwin and police, Max, low on power, sacrifices himself to help Leo escape. Airing in the UK on 19 July 2015, the episode received 3.926 million viewers on Channel 4 and 0.387 million viewers on its timeshift service. It was the most watched programme on Channel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17514583", "chunk_text": "\"Detention of the Dead\"\nhis friend can survive his bite, quickly revealed to be denial from previously being bitten by Mrs. Rumblethorp on the finger himself (due to stupidly trying to grab her head when they decapitated her). However, Jimmy accepts his fate and jumps out a window where he is eaten by a group of zombies. As the group panic at their situation, Ash convinces the group to smoke weed to calm their nerves. While doing so, the group bond, learning more about each other, challenging their original high-school stereotypes, which they list openly: the nerd (Eddie), the social outcast and goth (Willow),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13660293", "chunk_text": "\"Characters of Carnivàle\"\nin the first season; fifteen of whom were part of the carnival storyline. The second season amounted to thirteen main cast members, supplemented by several actors in recurring roles. Although such large casts make shows more expensive to produce, the writers have more flexibility in story decisions. Ben Krohn Hawkins is the protagonist in \"\"Carnivàle\"\". He begins the story as a young Oklahoma farmer and chain gang fugitive who is picked up by a traveling carnival when his mother dies. Ben has displayed inexplicable healing powers since childhood, and with the beginning of the series, he has begun to suffer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17406640", "chunk_text": "\"Carnivàle\"\npart of the carnival storyline. The second season amounted to 13 main cast members, supplemented by several actors in recurring roles. Although such large casts make shows more expensive to produce, the writers are benefited with more flexibility in story decisions. The backgrounds of most characters were fully developed before the filming of \"\"Carnivàle\"\" began but were not part of the show's visible structure. The audience therefore only learned more about the characters as a natural aspect in the story. Season 1's first storyline is led by Nick Stahl portraying the protagonist Ben Hawkins, a young Okie farmer who joins", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15870142", "chunk_text": "\"Life Is Strange\"\nintoxicated, with Rachel being buried at Chloe's secret hideout. They hurry back to the scrapyard and find Rachel's grave, much to Chloe's despair. Max follows Chloe at the school party to confront Nathan, believing he will target fellow student Victoria Chase (Dani Knights). They receive a text from Nathan threatening to destroy the evidence, returning them to the scrapyard. All of a sudden, the two are ambushed by Jefferson, who anaesthetises Max and kills Chloe with a shot to the head. Max is kidnapped and held captive in the \"\"Dark Room\"\", a place Jefferson has been drugging and photographing young", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7096027", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nBrothers developed the series as a mix of investigative drama alongside supernatural elements portrayed with childlike sensibilities. They established its time frame in the 1980s and created a homage to the pop culture of that decade. Several themes and directorial aspects were inspired and aesthetically informed by the works of Steven Spielberg, John Carpenter, and Stephen King, among others, including several films, anime and video games. The first season of eight episodes premiered on Netflix on July 15, 2016. It received critical acclaim for its characterization, pacing, atmosphere, acting, soundtrack, directing, writing, and homages to 1980s genre films. The second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6533875", "chunk_text": "\"Millie Bobby Brown\"\nMillie Bobby Brown Millie Bobby Brown (born 19 February 2004) is an English actress and model. She earned worldwide fame for her role as Eleven in the Netflix science fiction horror series \"\"Stranger Things\"\", for which she received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series at the age of 13, becoming one of the youngest Emmy Award nominees of all time. She is the youngest person ever to feature on \"\"TIME\"\" 100 list of the 100 most influential people and the youngest person to be appointed as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. Brown was born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "497001", "chunk_text": "\"Rm w/a Vu\"\ncan get a nice apartment, then it shows that she will stop being punished. The team researches the building's history for a clue to the ghost's identity. The evidence points to Maude Pearson, builder, owner and first resident of the Pearson Arms building. While Doyle goes to pick up the arcane supplies for the exorcism, Angel finds out from Detective Kate Lockley that Maude Pearson died suddenly of a heart attack, and her son, with whom she was fighting because she disapproved of his fiancée, vanished afterwards. It seems clear to Angel: the son killed his mother, then skipped town", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16249735", "chunk_text": "\"Half-Sack Epps\"\nbecomes the first main character to be killed off in the series. Kurt Sutter, series writer and creator, said that Half-Sack was killed off because Lewis wanted to leave the show due to creative differences; \"\"We decided we'd find some noble way for him to go. It wasn't my intent to try to be sensational and kill off a main character.\"\" In the season premiere, SAMCRO buries Half-Sack with over 50 full-patch members from California, Washington, Nevada, and Oregon as well as numerous former military colleagues in attendance. A three-piece kutte is draped over his casket during the service, implying", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17911409", "chunk_text": "\"Fight of the Living Dead\"\nElla’s Office). Yousef Erakat (Tackled and presumed killed in Corridor). Help is Found (2) Dennis Roady (Arm ripped off in Corridor). It Begins! (1) Brittani Louise Taylor (Eaten alive in Corridor). Join Us (8) Juanpa Zurita (He got tackled and killed by a zombified version of Ken.) Hannah Stocking (Got tackled by a zombie before she could escape.) Jake Paul and Miles Jai escape. Helllo Jimmie (7) Wendy Ayche (Tripped over a pillow and was eaten by a Howler in the Business Center.) Eric Ochoa (Sacrificed himself for the All Access Pass and was eaten by a zombie and Jimmie.)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6647093", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nfor Joyce as \"\"she's out of her mind, but she's actually kind of onto something\"\", and that the producers had faith she could pull off the difficult role. The Duffer Brothers had been interested in Harbour before, who until \"\"Stranger Things\"\" primarily had smaller roles as villainous characters, and they felt that he had been \"\"waiting too long for this opportunity\"\" to play a lead, while Harbour himself was thrilled by the script and the chance to play \"\"a broken, flawed, anti-hero character\"\". Additional casting followed two months later with Finn Wolfhard as Mike, Millie Bobby Brown in an undisclosed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748261", "chunk_text": "\"Haven (season 1)\"\nguests during the blackout to assume a new identity. The elder Wuornos forbids anyone to leave the island until they discover the murderer, but then, his son falls under suspicion. Nathan has to act quickly to clear himself: he seizes Audrey, kisses her and then shoots her because he can't feel her touch and he knows that the chameleon has taken Parker's form. The chameleon, while dying, confesses to Nathan that Audrey is different and Nathan realizes that his partner is still alive. Fortunately, the guests find Parker and revive her. Nathan however, is very much aware that, in shooting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20434321", "chunk_text": "\"Joe Keery\"\nJoe Keery Joseph David Keery (born April 24, 1992) is an American actor and musician. He is best known for portraying Steve Harrington in the American science-fiction horror web television series \"\"Stranger Things\"\", as well as one of the guitarists for the American psychedelic rock band Post Animal. Keery grew up in Newburyport, Massachusetts, where he attended River Valley Charter School for elementary and middle school, and then Newburyport High School. He is the second of five children and grew up surrounded by 4 sisters. During his younger years he attended Theater in the Open, a performing arts camp at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5930813", "chunk_text": "\"Eleven (Stranger Things)\"\nher so the social workers don’t find her. Eleven helps to locate Will using her supernatural abilities, and determines that he is trapped in the Upside Down. The group sets out to find Will using their compasses, but Eleven interferes with their search when she realizes that they are being led towards the laboratory. Lucas, noticing her deception, becomes angry at her (having mistrusted her from the beginning). She flees, steals boxes of frozen waffles from a store, and consumes them in a forest. Mike and Dustin are threatened by bullies where Mike is forced to jump off a high", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18184473", "chunk_text": "\"Death Do Us Part (Grimm)\"\nthere was killed by an electric accident. While investigating, one of them, Raymond Miller (Ray Callaway) is killed by an electric creature. Meanwhile, Juliette (Bitsie Tulloch) reveals her form to Renard (Sasha Roiz), who deduces that it may be a side effect of the antidote. Juliette then tells him to call Elizabeth to find a solution. Nick (David Giuntoli) and Hank (Russell Hornsby) investigate the case and decide to ask the detective who investigated the death of the owners. He states that they were nearly unrecognizable and they were electrocuted to 200,000 amperes. He also adds that the woman, Patty", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8069650", "chunk_text": "\"Heroes (U.S. TV series)\"\none Claude portrayed by Christopher Eccleston who had the power of invisibility was instrumental in helping Peter understand his powers throwing him off a building to try to help him fly but he discovered he healed instead. Simone Deveaux was the first major character to be written out, dying near the end of season one. DL became a guest star after the events of the first season's finale, making two appearances throughout season two. Isaac Mendez was also written out, dying at the hands of Sylar, which was shown during Hiro Nakamura's time traveling expedition to New York earlier in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11694533", "chunk_text": "\"Friday the 13th: The Series\"\nMambo\"\" are examples). Played by: R. G. Armstrong Lewis Vendredi is an antiques dealer who sells his soul to the Devil (Satan) in exchange for immortality, wealth, and magic powers, including the power to heal wounds (\"\"Pipe Dream\"\"). His agreement with the Devil requires him to sell cursed antiques from his store \"\"Vendredi's Antiques\"\" (later renamed \"\"Curious Goods\"\"). In the series' first episode (\"\"The Inheritance\"\"), having grown tired of being a puppet for the Devil, he breaks the pact and is killed and taken to Hell. His niece Micki and nephew Ryan inherit his store and are soon joined by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1403193", "chunk_text": "\"Stranger Things\"\nso they created an animatronic to play the part of the demogorgon. However, the six-month filming time left them little time to plan out and test practical effects rigs for some of the shots. They went with a middle ground of using constructed props including one for the monster whenever they could, but for other shots, such as when the monster bursts through a wall, they opted to use digital effects. Post-production on the first season was completed the week before it was released to Netflix. The title sequence uses closeups of the letters in the \"\"Stranger Things\"\" title with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_225	who are the characters in yo gabba gabba?	n/a	[ "DJ Lance Rock", "Gooble", "Brobee", "Foofa", "Muno", "Plex", "Toodee" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4465977", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\nState, MGMT, Jack Black, Tony Hawk, Elijah Wood, Peter Bjorn and John, Trunk Boiz, The Shins, The Aggrolites, The Flaming Lips, Mýa, Biz Markie, Blitzen Trapper, The Ting Tings, Money Mark, Mariachi El Bronx, \"\"Weird Al\"\" Yankovic, Erykah Badu, The Wiggles, and Lil Wayne. Other non-musical celebrity guests to have appeared include Jason Bateman, Andy Samberg, Sarah Silverman, Laila Ali, Bill Hader, and Anthony Bourdain. Among the varied animation sequences during the show was \"\"Super Martian Robot Girl\"\", designed by indie cartoonists Evan Dorkin and Sarah Dyer; the title character of that segment was voiced by Ariela Barer. The toy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4465978", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\nmodels of the characters that appeared at the beginning and end of each show were made by Kidrobot. \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" was developed by two Southern California fathers, Christian Jacobs and Scott Schultz, who first started working together as teenagers, producing and directing skateboarding videos. Their goal was to design a kids' show that was entertaining while featuring real artists and real performers. Both had no previous experience writing for television, let alone children's broadcasting or education. In developing the show they took inspiration from a number of sources including \"\"Sesame Street\"\", \"\"The Electric Company\"\", \"\"Pee-wee's Playhouse\"\", as well as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4465981", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\nAll episodes follow a similar format. In the opening scene, DJ Lance Rock is shown walking on a plain white background while holding a gray radio with colorful buttons. He then gets to a table scenery that involves four different colored lands and a gray cloth underneath it. He then places down the radio, and then he shouts \"\"YOOOO Gabba Gabba!\"\" and opens the radio, and inside it are 5 toy figures: Toodee, Muno, Foofa, Plex, and Brobee. He places down the figures one-by-one, and then they become alive. The episode features four main segments (it was shortened to three", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19329727", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\nnamed DJ Lance Rock, the series featured a mix of live-action segments featuring cartoonish costumed characters—Muno (the red cyclops), Foofa (the pink flower bubble), Brobee (a little hairy green monster), Toodee (the blue cat-dragon) and Plex (the magic yellow robot)—and many short animated sketches and musical numbers. Popular artists who have appeared on the show include Mos Def, Bootsy Collins, Ladytron, The Killers, Enon, The Clientele, Jimmy Eat World, Solange Knowles, Taking Back Sunday, Datarock, The Aquabats, Devo, Anne Heche, Joy Zipper, Of Montreal, Chromeo, My Chemical Romance, Weezer, Hot Hot Heat, The Faint, The Roots, Paul Williams, Mates of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19329726", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\nnoted for its indie-culture guest stars and bands, and for drawing visual inspiration from 8-bit video games and \"\"H.R. Pufnstuf\"\", among other television shows. Created by Christian Jacobs (lead singer of the Aquabats) and Scott Schultz, the show's learning process has parents, older siblings, and younger kids watch the show together rather than letting it act as a babysitter.. The television program has spawned a touring live stage show, various toys and branded clothing. Trademarks relating to \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" and its characters are held by GabbaCaDabra, LLC. in partnership with The Magic Store and WildBrain. Hosted by a character", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19329725", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\nYo Gabba Gabba! Yo Gabba Gabba! was an American live action/puppet educational children's television show starring five costumed toys come to life and their friend DJ Lance Rock. The series premiered on Nick Jr. August 20, 2007 and ended on November 12, 2015. There is a single topic in each episode, e.g. \"\"Adventure\"\", \"\"Friends\"\", and \"\"Dance\"\", through songs and short storylines in the half-hour program. Additionally, the show teaches children life and social skills, such as sharing and trying new foods. It also encourages viewers to move along with and dance with the characters in the program. The show is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4465982", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\nafter the first season) that are connected to each other as a plot. They involve DJ Lance and the gabbas doing an activity. After each main segment, a short clip is shown that shows a kid dancing around. The kid says his or her name, followed by \"\"I like to dance!\"\". Between the main segments, there is another segment called \"\"The Super Music Friends Show\"\", which features a performance by a band about the episode's topic. Other small segments include \"\"Mark's Magic Pictures\"\" and \"\"Biz's Beat of the Day\"\". Near the end of each episode, DJ Lance and the gabbas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1241468", "chunk_text": "\"Parker Jacobs\"\nhe calls \"\"Daily Doodles\"\". Parker Jacobs has provided cover artwork and/or illustrations for the following albums, not including the albums listed above: Parker Jacobs Parker LeGrand Jacobs (born July 17, 1975) is an American artist, musician and former child actor. He is known for his work as an art director on the children's television series \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\", for which he has been nominated for four Daytime Emmy Awards, as well as for his involvement with the Californian bands GOGO13, The Aquabats and The Sandfleas. Parker LeGrand Jacobs was born in Ogden, Utah in 1975, the third child born into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3705709", "chunk_text": "\"Christian Jacobs\"\nChristian Jacobs Christian Richards Jacobs (born January 11, 1972) is an American musician, television producer, voice actor and former child actor. He is perhaps most recognized as the co-creator of the award-winning Nick Jr. children's television series \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\", on which he additionally serves as a writer, director, composer and voice actor. Under the stage persona of The MC Bat Commander, Jacobs is also well known for his work as lead singer for the Orange County rock band The Aquabats, which he co-founded in 1994. In addition to his musical work with the band, Jacobs also portrayed the character", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4465983", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\ndo a mix-like song about what had occurred during the main segments. After it is finished, DJ Lance shouts \"\"YOOOO Gabba Gabba!\"\" once again, and then Brobee, Muno, Toodee, Foofa, and Plex turn back into toys. One-by-one, DJ Lance puts them back in the radio, closes the radio, and then walks off carrying it. The credits then roll. Four albums have been released featuring songs from the show performed by the cast and the \"\"Super Music Friends Show\"\" segment. ABC for Kids released a CD in 2010 titled \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba! Party In My Tummy\"\". The world premiere live concert", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16150136", "chunk_text": "\"Parker Jacobs\"\nParker Jacobs Parker LeGrand Jacobs (born July 17, 1975) is an American artist, musician and former child actor. He is known for his work as an art director on the children's television series \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\", for which he has been nominated for four Daytime Emmy Awards, as well as for his involvement with the Californian bands GOGO13, The Aquabats and The Sandfleas. Parker LeGrand Jacobs was born in Ogden, Utah in 1975, the third child born into a Mormon family. His middle name is in honor of his great-grandfather, prominent Latter-day Saint leader LeGrand Richards. Following his family's relocation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14387264", "chunk_text": "\"Gabba Gabba Hey\"\nan outdoor event they were to perform at was canceled due to bad weather.) One of \"\"Freaks\"\" main characters is a microcephalic, or \"\"pinhead,\"\" named Schlitzie. In Allan Arkush's film, \"\"Rock 'n' Roll High School\"\", during a Ramones concert at The Roxy, a character in a Schlitzie mask appears on stage carrying a large sign with the phrase \"\"Gabba Gabba Hey.\"\" Afterwards, the band felt it necessary to relive experience, and a roadie, usually Mitch \"\"Bubbles\"\" Keller, would appear on stage in a pinhead mask, hand the sign to Joey Ramone, and perform a dance on stage, colloquially referred to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4465979", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\nSid and Marty Krofft puppet shows \"\"Banana Splits\"\" and \"\"H. R. Pufnstuf\"\". In 1999, after becoming parents, Jacobs and Schultz started playing around with ideas for children's television and produced a pilot independently financed by small loans from friends and family. \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" did not get much attention until it started circulating on the Internet. Jared Hess, the director of \"\"Napoleon Dynamite\"\" and \"\"Nacho Libre\"\", he saw the pilot online and recommended it to Brown Johnson, the executive vice president and executive creative director of Nickelodeon Preschool. \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" premiered on Nickelodeon on August 20, 2007. The show", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5906643", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Leela Leela\"\nYo Leela Leela \"\"Yo Leela Leela\"\" is the twenty-first episode of the sixth season of the animated sitcom \"\"Futurama\"\". It aired on Comedy Central in the United States on July 21, 2011. The title is a reference to the Nickelodeon kids' show \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\". The show is also parodied within the episode: Leela's show is similar, featuring people dressed up in fanciful costumes as its main characters. Leela visits the Cookieville Orphanarium for a storytelling session with the children there, but fails to make up a good story for the orphans. Hoping to come up with a better story,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6321056", "chunk_text": "\"Gabba Gabba Hey\"\nGabba Gabba Hey \"\"Gabba Gabba Hey\"\" is a catchphrase associated with the punk rock band the Ramones. The phrase is included in the song \"\"Pinhead\"\" (1977), which contains the lyrics: \"\"Gabba gabba, we accept you, we accept you, one of us.\"\" The song ends with: \"\"Gabba gabba hey, gabba gabba hey!...\"\" The phrase comes from a scene in the 1932 motion picture \"\"Freaks\"\", in which the title characters chant the line \"\"Gooble, gobble, we accept her, we accept her, one of us, one of us!\"\" (The Ramones saw \"\"Freaks\"\" at an art house cinema on a rare day off when", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1881107", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Yogi!\"\nPaul Frees before this series began. Taking place in Jellystone Town, it features Yogi Bear and the other popular Hanna-Barbera characters including his friends Boo-Boo Bear, Huckleberry Hound, Snagglepuss, and Yogi's girlfriend Cindy Bear depicted as 14-year-old crime fighters. The gang hung out at Jellystone Mall owned by \"\"Diamond\"\" Doggie Daddy with Augie Doggie as his heir to the mall business. Yogi and the gang work at an agency called L.A.F. (short for Lost and Found) where they act as detectives trying to solve mysteries under the supervision of the mall's security guard Officer Smith. Dickie Dastardly and his sidekick", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20031676", "chunk_text": "\"Gabbar Singh (character)\"\nGabbar Singh (character) Gabbar Singh is a fictional character, the antagonist of the 1975 Bollywood film \"\"Sholay\"\". Gabbar Singh alias Gabra was born in 1926 in Dang village of Bhind district, a Gujjar by caste. He was written by duo Salim-Javed, consisting of Salim Khan and Javed Akhtar. Played by Amjad Khan, he is depicted in \"\"Sholay\"\" as a dacoit who leads a group in looting and plundering the villages in the region of Ramgarh. He has a sadistic personality and insists on killing whenever required to continue his status and to take revenge on his enemies.The character is considered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3639527", "chunk_text": "\"Gabba Gabba Hey\"\nalbum called \"\"\"\" was released. Gabba Gabba Hey \"\"Gabba Gabba Hey\"\" is a catchphrase associated with the punk rock band the Ramones. The phrase is included in the song \"\"Pinhead\"\" (1977), which contains the lyrics: \"\"Gabba gabba, we accept you, we accept you, one of us.\"\" The song ends with: \"\"Gabba gabba hey, gabba gabba hey!...\"\" The phrase comes from a scene in the 1932 motion picture \"\"Freaks\"\", in which the title characters chant the line \"\"Gooble, gobble, we accept her, we accept her, one of us, one of us!\"\" (The Ramones saw \"\"Freaks\"\" at an art house cinema on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19329739", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\nwon two Kidscreen Awards for \"\"Best Non-Animated or Mixed Series 2013\"\" and \"\"Best Music 2013\"\" \"\"Official sites\"\" \"\"Channels\"\" \"\"Others\"\" Yo Gabba Gabba! Yo Gabba Gabba! was an American live action/puppet educational children's television show starring five costumed toys come to life and their friend DJ Lance Rock. The series premiered on Nick Jr. August 20, 2007 and ended on November 12, 2015. There is a single topic in each episode, e.g. \"\"Adventure\"\", \"\"Friends\"\", and \"\"Dance\"\", through songs and short storylines in the half-hour program. Additionally, the show teaches children life and social skills, such as sharing and trying new foods.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20031683", "chunk_text": "\"Gabbar Singh (character)\"\nthe character has been referenced by protagonist Venkataratnam Naidu (played by Telugu actor Pawan Kalyan), nicknaming himself after Gabbar Singh's character. Constable Ram Prasad (Ali) is nicknamed 'Samba' after Gabbar Singh's sidekick. The sequel \"\"Sardaar Gabbar Singh\"\" (2016 film), Pawan reprises his role, albeit with 'Sardaar' in front of his name, referring to the title given by Gabbar Singh's henchmen. Both Telugu films contain dialogues made famous by Sholay's antagonist, e.g. \"\"\"\"Joh darr gaya... samjho marr gaya\"\"\"\" (Whoever is afraid... they are dead). In the 2015 film \"\"Gabbar is Back\"\", the protagonist Aditya Singh Rajput (portrayed by Akshay Kumar) resembles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1881108", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Yogi!\"\nMuttley would cause trouble for Yogi and his gang. But Roxey Bear, a teenager, was causing trouble with Dickie Dastardly and she was Cindy's rival and Yogi's competitor. The characters were never seen at home or school. Some of Yogi's other pals like Top Cat, Secret Squirrel, Morocco Mole, Hardy Har Har, Squiddly Diddly and Wally Gator were also featured as young children. Other Hanna-Barbera characters are still in adult form: Hokey Wolf is the Mayor of Jellystone Town and Ding-A-Ling Wolf briefly appeared as his photographer, Loopy De Loop works at the Jellystone Mall's Picnic Basket Food Court, Atom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20031684", "chunk_text": "\"Gabbar Singh (character)\"\nGabbar Singh and he also nicknamed himself after Gabbar's character. Gabbar Singh (character) Gabbar Singh is a fictional character, the antagonist of the 1975 Bollywood film \"\"Sholay\"\". Gabbar Singh alias Gabra was born in 1926 in Dang village of Bhind district, a Gujjar by caste. He was written by duo Salim-Javed, consisting of Salim Khan and Javed Akhtar. Played by Amjad Khan, he is depicted in \"\"Sholay\"\" as a dacoit who leads a group in looting and plundering the villages in the region of Ramgarh. He has a sadistic personality and insists on killing whenever required to continue his status", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5906648", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Leela Leela\"\ncontinued \"\"a general trend this season of competence over risk.\"\" Yo Leela Leela \"\"Yo Leela Leela\"\" is the twenty-first episode of the sixth season of the animated sitcom \"\"Futurama\"\". It aired on Comedy Central in the United States on July 21, 2011. The title is a reference to the Nickelodeon kids' show \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\". The show is also parodied within the episode: Leela's show is similar, featuring people dressed up in fanciful costumes as its main characters. Leela visits the Cookieville Orphanarium for a storytelling session with the children there, but fails to make up a good story for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13906385", "chunk_text": "\"Gleaming the Cube\"\nof the Bones Brigade, appear in the film as members of Brian's skate crew. Future lead singer of The Aquabats and creator of \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\", Christian Jacobs, also appears in the film as Gremic. The film received a moderate release in the United States from 20th Century Fox (in 469 theaters). Although the film had a relatively low box office turnout, it garnered a significant cult following after its theatrical release, through basic cable replays on networks such as USA and the burgeoning VHS (and later DVD) market, as well as among skateboarders. The title of the film refers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10988274", "chunk_text": "\"I Yabba-Dabba Do!\"\nsavings when he bet it on his team, the Bedrock Brontos. Fred tries to ask for a raise from Mr. Slate, only to lose his job because of his violent temper. Fred enlists Barney's help in bringing more money for the wedding, but they fail, losing Barney's money to a real estate con artist. Meanwhile, Wilma's mother Pearl Slaghoople arrives to help with the wedding. Pebbles and Bamm Bamm decide to get married in Rock Vegas because of their parents' arguing and fighting. Wilma and Betty discover the truth about Fred and Wilma's nest egg, and Fred is forced out", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14038290", "chunk_text": "\"Scott Schultz (producer)\"\nBrea, California with his wife and four children. His brother, Ben Schultz, played the alto saxophone in The Aquabats and GOGO13. Scott Schultz (producer) Scott Schultz (born September 15, 1971) is an American television producer, artist and musician, best known for his collaborative work with Christian Jacobs in the creation of the Nick Jr. children's television series \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" and The Hub series \"\"The Aquabats! Super Show!\"\". Schultz is a longtime close friend of Christian Jacobs, as well as a cousin by marriage. The two have worked together on numerous art, music and video projects since the late 1980s.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4591029", "chunk_text": "\"Lance Robertson\"\nwhen Schultz was co-creating the show \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\", Robertson was asked to serve as host. In addition to appearing on \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\", Robertson tours with The Aquabats performing kid-friendly DJ sets and dancing with the monster \"\"cast\"\" of the series. Lance Robertson Lance Robertson is a Los Angeles-based American musician, singer, DJ, and actor also known as \"\"DJ Lance Rock\"\" on the Nick Jr. show \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\". Originally from Columbus, Ohio, Robertson is a 1983 graduate of Hazelwood East High School. He was the vocalist for a local electronic band called My Other Self in the 1990s", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15959746", "chunk_text": "Yabba\ninterjections. Yabba was portrayed by Paul Chubb in the 1984 mini-series \"\"Bodyline\"\". Some of Yabba's best remembered insults include: Yabba Stephen Harold Gascoigne, better known as Yabba, (19 March 1878 - 8 January 1942) was an Australian sports fan, remembered as a heckler at Sydney Cricket Ground cricket and rugby league games in the early part of the 20th century. \"\"Yabba\"\" was known for his knowledgeable witticisms shouted loudly from \"\"The Hill\"\", a grassy general admissions area of the SCG. In Yabba's era, cricket matches were watched like tennis matches, and spectators at the SCG were much quieter than today.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19329736", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\ntour of \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" took place in Australia in May 2009. DJ Lance Rock, Muno, Foofa, Brobee, Toodee and Plex performed in Wollongong, Melbourne, Brisbane and Sydney with an indie house-band and secret special guests at each show. Additional tours in the United States and other countries have been performed throughout 2013. Shows have been toured including three presented by Kia Motors and a special Christmas one presented by Citi, Just Dance Kids & Toys for Tots. Nick Jr. Australia released a tour in 2009 called Yo Gabba Gabba: LIVE on Stage! On March 8, 2017, the first season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "458116", "chunk_text": "\"Yogi Bear's All Star Comedy Christmas Caper\"\ngirl named Judy Jones rediscover her faith in Christmas when her father, a billionaire named J. Wellington Jones, is too busy for her. Yogi says that many parents have to work hard to support their kids, and since her father is not home, Yogi and Boo-Boo propose escorting Judy through the city to bring her to her dad. Ranger Smith and the others look for Yogi when they learn he and Boo-Boo are in the city. Yogi reunites with his friends, who help to look for Judy's father. In his search, Snagglepuss encounters Fred Flintstone and Barney Rubble as Street", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17848572", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Scheer\"\nand Jack McBrayer made semi-regular appearances on the Nick Jr. series \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\", during a segment called \"\"Knock Knock Joke of the Day\"\". Scheer and McBrayer were featured as themselves in the \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" comic book, and made appearances on the \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" live tour. In 2012, Scheer appeared as a villainous Cowboy Android in an episode of \"\"The Aquabats! Super Show!\"\", another series from the creators of \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" In 2006, \"\"Variety\"\" named Scheer one of the \"\"Top 10 Comics to Watch\"\" and \"\"Alternative Press\"\" hailed him as one of their favorite comedians. Scheer and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14038287", "chunk_text": "\"Scott Schultz (producer)\"\nScott Schultz (producer) Scott Schultz (born September 15, 1971) is an American television producer, artist and musician, best known for his collaborative work with Christian Jacobs in the creation of the Nick Jr. children's television series \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" and The Hub series \"\"The Aquabats! Super Show!\"\". Schultz is a longtime close friend of Christian Jacobs, as well as a cousin by marriage. The two have worked together on numerous art, music and video projects since the late 1980s. In 2005, Schultz, Jacobs and Justin Lyon founded the production company The Magic Store, through which they created the original pilots", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20031682", "chunk_text": "\"Gabbar Singh (character)\"\nhis \"\"Kaun Banega Crorepati\"\" TV show that when Amjad Khan visited their home, his son Abhishek Bachchan ran to him and said \"\"Papa, Gabbar Singh aaya hai\"\" (meaning: Father, Gabbar Singh is here!), and Bachchan had to convince his son that Gabbar was just a character played by Khan. Gabbar Singh has been a subject of parodies and jokes innumerable times in the popular Indian media. \"\"Filmfare\"\" named Gabbar Singh the most iconic villain in the history of Indian cinema, In \"\"Jai Hind\"\" (1994) comedian Senthil says \"\"Arre O Sambha\"\" while appearing as a dacoit. In 2012 film \"\"Gabbar Singh\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10932362", "chunk_text": "\"Adam Deibert\"\nAdam Deibert Adam Deibert is an American musician and voice actor, known for his work as a member of The Aquabats from 1994 to 2004, where he played guitar, trumpet and keyboards under the stage name of Prince Adam, and as the bass guitarist for the indie rock band Bikeride, among other projects. He also played trumpet in the Orange County Ska band The Goodwin Club in the early nineties. Deibert worked as a composer for the Nick Jr. children's series \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\", as well as providing the voice for the character of Muno the Cyclops. An educated musician,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15929299", "chunk_text": "\"The Problem Solverz\"\nRhode Island, to participate in the Fort Thunder music venue. After the venue's closure in 2001, Jones released animations on the Web using Adobe Flash, with some featuring Alfe. Paper Rad later produced animations with the premise of \"\"The Problem Solverz\"\" but with the three principal characters absent. The collective's 2006 direct-to-DVD release \"\"Trash Talking\"\" features a segment called \"\"Gone Cabin \"\" in which Alfe, Horace, and Roba appear. In tandem with these experiments, Jones worked as a television animator on \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" and \"\"Wonder Showzen\"\". The year of the DVD's release, Jones talked to Nick Weidenfeld, then an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20031680", "chunk_text": "\"Gabbar Singh (character)\"\nis the highest grossing movie in India. Although the movie boasted an ensemble cast of superstars including Dharmendra and Amitabh Bachchan, he stole the thunder with his unorthodox and eerie dialogue delivery that was perfectly opposite to the total lack of empathy his character was supposed to convey. Even after forty seven years people fondly remember his dialogues and mannerisms. He later appeared in advertisements as Gabbar Singh endorsing Britannia Glucose Biscuits (Popularly knowns as \"\"Gabbar Ki Asli Pasand\"\"), and it was the first incidence of a villain being used to sell a popular product. The role of Gabbar Singh", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20571651", "chunk_text": "\"Gabba (band)\"\nGabba (band) Gabba is a London-based British tribute band performing ABBA songs in the stripped down punk style of the Ramones, a style of pop punk they dubbed discopunk and claim to have invented. They formed in 1996 and took their name in 1999. They have released three albums . Gabba was informally formed in 1996 by Stig Honda, alleged \"\"professor at the Osaka Rock 'n' Roll High School\"\", who enrolled five students from all over the world to fuse the disco pop of Abba and the punk rock of the Ramones, creating \"\"disco-punk\"\". In 1999, the band took its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14907057", "chunk_text": "\"Gabbar Is Back\"\nprotests, and enraged students block his jail van. Pahwa requests him to speak to the students and he does, telling them to channel their anger against corruption and be the change society needs. As Aditya is taken to be hanged, Shruti breaks down, but he leaves, smiling, asking the hangman, \"\"Tera kya hoga, Kaalia\"\"- quoting the famous dialogue of the character Gabbar from the film Sholay. The songs of \"\"Gabbar Is Back\"\" are composed by Chirantan Bhatt, Yo Yo Honey Singh and Manj Musik, while the lyrics are written by Manoj Yadav, Kumaar, Sahil Kaushal, Manj Musik, Raftaar and Big", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7192105", "chunk_text": "\"Lance Robertson\"\nLance Robertson Lance Robertson is a Los Angeles-based American musician, singer, DJ, and actor also known as \"\"DJ Lance Rock\"\" on the Nick Jr. show \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\". Originally from Columbus, Ohio, Robertson is a 1983 graduate of Hazelwood East High School. He was the vocalist for a local electronic band called My Other Self in the 1990s and the owner of a record store called Deep Grooves. Robertson later relocated to Los Angeles. During this time, he met Scott Schultz of the Orange County indie pop band Majestic, and they eventually played a couple of shows together. Years later,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10988276", "chunk_text": "\"I Yabba-Dabba Do!\"\nbeing the marriage whackers, along with the real marriage whackers. While in detainment, Fred reveals all the trouble he has gone through to try to help Pebbles with her wedding ceremony which leads the marriage whackers to reveal to their crimes, to the dismay of the Whackers' mother. Fred, Barney, Pebbles and Bamm Bamm finally reunite with Wilma, Betty and the others. Mr. Slate rehires Fred, and Pebbles and Bamm Bamm get married, with Fred, Barney, Dino, Wilma and Betty as the happy ones seeing them getting married. At the end, Pebbles and Bamm Bamm reveal they are moving to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4465985", "chunk_text": "\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\n(20 episodes) of the show were made available for streaming on the Noggin video subscription service. The remaining three seasons (46 episodes) will be launched soon. On April 30, 2008 the television show received a Daytime Emmy nomination for Outstanding Achievement in Costume Design/Styling. The show has been nominated for a Daytime Emmy in both 2008 and 2009 for Best Costume Design. \"\"Time\"\" magazine's James Poniewozik, who said the show \"\"will convince you someone slipped something into your Fruity Pebbles\"\" named \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\" one of the Top 10 new TV series of 2007, ranking it at #8. In November", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18407315", "chunk_text": "BB3B\nher. Voiced by Jimmy Zoppi. Chubba Chubba is the teen babysitter of the Jenkins kids. He is a teenager of around 15 years old, and calls virtually everyone \"\"Dude\"\". His interests are science fiction shows/movies (anything on the television for that matter), eating pizza, watching old B movies, listening to punk music and hanging out with the kids. Chubba is a laid-back kind of person and goes strange after too long without TV. He gives the kids information on whatever they ask even if he has no clue. His real name is George, as mentioned in the episode when he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20523944", "chunk_text": "\"Jibba Jabba\"\nJibba Jabba Jibba Jabba was a British pre-school television series which aired on the children's block Tiny Living on the channel Living TV. The series is a computer animation series consisting of 32 five-minute episodes. It centers around two friends, 'Mo' and 'Max'. In each episode one character approaches a tree-house containing a dressing up box for Mo or Max to become a part of the story told in the episode. The stories told would often be a reenactment of a famous fairy tale or rhyme. Each episode included audience participation from children, calling out or responding. The series was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10988275", "chunk_text": "\"I Yabba-Dabba Do!\"\nof the house. Reconciling with Barney, Wilma and Betty, Fred asks Barney to help search for Pebbles and Bamm Bamm. Fred and Barney travel to Rock Vegas looking for Pebbles and Bamm Bamm. They stop at a casino where Barney wins more money. They are attacked by the Wedding Whackers gang after mistaking them for Pebbles and Bamm Bamm getting married and took a photo of them robbing a newlywed couple. Shortly afterwards they are rescued by Pebbles and Bamm Bamm. During the chase, the photo of the Wedding Whackers is destroyed, so the four are captured as suspects of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13769786", "chunk_text": "\"Gardhab Das\"\nGardhab Das Gardhab Das created by cartoonist brothers Neelabh Banerjee and Jayanto Banerjee was a comic section run in the Indian youth magazine Target. The main character Gardhab Das had a donkey face and was always depicted wearing a kurta and pajamas. His main trait was his singing or lack of it. He was a perpetually unemployed music teacher. Famously known for disturbing the peace with his vocals and his harmonium, he was always at loggerheads with his landlord, being a penniless 'singer'. In various strips, he gets jobs as a siren for the fire department, as a weapon during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13769788", "chunk_text": "\"Gardhab Das\"\nGardhab Das Gardhab Das created by cartoonist brothers Neelabh Banerjee and Jayanto Banerjee was a comic section run in the Indian youth magazine Target. The main character Gardhab Das had a donkey face and was always depicted wearing a kurta and pajamas. His main trait was his singing or lack of it. He was a perpetually unemployed music teacher. Famously known for disturbing the peace with his vocals and his harmonium, he was always at loggerheads with his landlord, being a penniless 'singer'. In various strips, he gets jobs as a siren for the fire department, as a weapon during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20031677", "chunk_text": "\"Gabbar Singh (character)\"\nto be one of the most iconic villains in Indian Cinema. He was featured in the 1991 spoof \"\"Ramgarh Ke Sholay\"\", with Amjad Khan portraying a parody version of the character. The character Gabbar Singh was modelled on a real-life dacoit of the same name who had menaced the villages around Gwalior in the 1950s. Any policeman captured by the real Gabbar Singh had his ears and nose cut off, and was released as a warning to other policemen. The character was also inspired by \"\"Gunga Jumna\"\", where Dilip Kumar's character Gunga is a dacoit speaking with a similar dialect,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12730780", "chunk_text": "\"Gabbar Singh (film)\"\nGabbar Singh\"\", was released in 2016. Venkataratnam Naidu is a young boy who lives with his younger half-brother (Ajay), stepfather Naidu (Nagineedu) and mother (Suhasini Maniratnam) in Kondaveedu which is a village in Guntur District. His stepfather is always partial towards his half-brother which constantly angers Venkataratnam. He starts to not care about what other people think about him and renames himself after the fictional character \"\"Gabbar Singh\"\". His anger towards his brother and father grows and he runs away from home. His stepfather, Naidu catches him and joins him in a boarding school away from Kondaveedu. 21 years later,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14860935", "chunk_text": "\"Super Rad!\"\nvia extension cord. In one scene, The Bat Commander fights with a costumed monster then known as the \"\"Cyclopfenstein\"\" (a portmanteau of cyclops and Scott Klopfenstein, trumpeter for the ska punk band Reel Big Fish, who frequently toured with The Aquabats); the design for this creature would later be used to develop the character of Muno for the children's television series \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\"\", of which Jacobs co-created. Super Rad! \"\"Super Rad!\"\" is a song by American band The Aquabats which appears on their 1997 album \"\"The Fury of The Aquabats!\"\". Issued by The Aquabats' then labels Goldenvoice and Time", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10423516", "chunk_text": "\"Ross Harris (actor)\"\neditor, and director of photography. He has contributed to advertising campaigns for Honda, Acura, Rayban, Levi's and the children's television show \"\"Yo Gabba Gabba\"\". Ross is the father of two children and lives in Southern California with his wife. Ross Harris (actor) Richard R. Harris (born March 13, 1969), better known by his nickname, Ross Harris, is an American actor, artist, and musician. Born in Ventura, California, Harris began acting at age six. He appeared in over 100 commercials in the 1970s. In 1979, at the age of 10, Ross landed the role of Joey in the classic comedy feature", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_226	who was the captain of the mayflower when it took the pilgrims to the new world?	n/a	[ "Captain Jones", "Master Christopher Jones", "Christopher Jones" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14063509", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\nMayflower The Mayflower was an English ship that transported the first English Puritans, known today as the Pilgrims, from Plymouth, England, to the New World in 1620. There were 102 passengers, and the crew is estimated to have been about 30, but the exact number is unknown. The ship has become a cultural icon in the history of the United States. The Pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact prior to leaving the ship and establishing Plymouth Colony, a document which established a rudimentary form of democracy with each member contributing to the welfare of the community. There was a second ship", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15862431", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\nto build a replica of the ship at Harwich, England. Mayflower The Mayflower was an English ship that transported the first English Puritans, known today as the Pilgrims, from Plymouth, England, to the New World in 1620. There were 102 passengers, and the crew is estimated to have been about 30, but the exact number is unknown. The ship has become a cultural icon in the history of the United States. The Pilgrims signed the Mayflower Compact prior to leaving the ship and establishing Plymouth Colony, a document which established a rudimentary form of democracy with each member contributing to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7001057", "chunk_text": "\"Plymouth Colony\"\nhad been designated by the Merchant Adventurers to act as shipboard governor during the trans-Atlantic trip; and Stephen Hopkins, a veteran of a failed colonial venture that may have inspired Shakespeare's \"\"The Tempest\"\". The group who later became the Leiden Leaders after the merging of ships included John Carver, William Bradford, Edward Winslow, William Brewster, and Isaac Allerton. The \"\"Mayflower\"\" departed Plymouth, England on September 6, 1620 with 102 passengers and about 30 crew members in the small, 106 foot-long ship. The seas were not severe during the first month in the Atlantic but, by the second month, the ship", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15979922", "chunk_text": "\"Isaac Allerton\"\nIsaac Allerton Isaac Allerton Sr. (c.1586 – 1658/9), and his family, were passengers in 1620 on the historic voyage of the ship \"\"Mayflower\"\". Allerton was a signatory to the Mayflower Compact. In Plymouth Colony he was active in colony governmental affairs and business and later in trans-Atlantic trading. Problems with the latter regarding colony expenditures caused him to be censured by the colony government and ousted from the colony. He later became a well-to-do businessman elsewhere and in his later years resided in Connecticut. Based on a deposition given in 1639, Allerton was born in England about 1586–88, although clues", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15862430", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\n140 passengers bound for Virginia. It never arrived. On October 18, 1642, a deposition was made in England regarding the loss. The Pilgrim ship \"\"Mayflower\"\" has a famous place in American history as a symbol of early European colonization of the future United States. The main record for the voyage of the \"\"Mayflower\"\" and the disposition of the Plymouth Colony comes from the letters and journal of William Bradford, who was a guiding force and later the governor of the colony. The 400th anniversary of the \"\"Mayflower\"\" sailing will take place in 2020. The Harwich \"\"Mayflower\"\" Heritage Centre is hoping", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15618145", "chunk_text": "Squanto\nSquanto Tisquantum (; 1585 (±10 years?) – late November 1622 O.S.), more commonly known by the diminutive variant Squanto (), was a member of the Patuxet tribe best known for being an early liaison between the native populations in Southern New England and the \"\"Mayflower\"\" Pilgrims who made their settlement at the site of Squanto's former summer village. The Patuxet tribe lived on the western coast of Cape Cod Bay, where in 1614 Squanto was kidnapped by English explorer Thomas Hunt. Hunt brought Squanto to Spain, where he was sold into slavery. Squanto escaped, eventually returning to North America in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12427228", "chunk_text": "\"Mayflower II\"\nMayflower II Mayflower II is a replica of the 17th-century ship \"\"Mayflower\"\", celebrated for transporting the Pilgrims to the New World. The replica was built in Devon, England during 1955–1956, in a collaboration between Englishman Warwick Charlton and Plimoth Plantation, an American museum. The work drew upon reconstructed ship blueprints held by the American museum, along with hand construction by English shipbuilders using traditional methods. \"\"Mayflower II\"\" was sailed from Plymouth, Devon on April 20, 1957, recreating the original voyage across the Atlantic Ocean, under the command of Alan Villiers. According to the ship's log, \"\"Mayflower II\"\" arrived at Plymouth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15862391", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\nall the tools that the Pilgrims would need, as well as all the equipment and utensils needed to prepare meals in the New World. Some Pilgrims loaded trade goods on board, including Isaac Allerton, William Mullins, and possibly others; these also most likely were stored in the cargo hold. There was no privy on the \"\"Mayflower\"\"; passengers and crew had to fend for themselves in that regard. Gun deck passengers most likely used a bucket as a chamber pot, fixed to the deck or bulkhead to keep it from being jostled at sea. The \"\"Mayflower\"\" was heavily armed; her largest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4140621", "chunk_text": "\"Christopher Martin (Mayflower passenger)\"\nChristopher Martin (Mayflower passenger) Christopher Martin (c. 1582-1621). He and his family embarked on the historic 1620 voyage of the Pilgrim ship \"\"Mayflower\"\" on its journey to the New World. He was initially the governor of passengers on the ship \"\"Speedwell\"\" until that ship was found to be unseaworthy, and later on the \"\"Mayflower\"\", until replaced by John Carver. He was a signatory to the Mayflower Compact. He and his family all perished in the first winter at Plymouth Colony. Christopher Martin first appears in the records of Great Burstead, Essex, England, with his 1607 marriage to a widow by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6947244", "chunk_text": "\"Mayflower Compact signatories\"\ntwo of the four More children who were on the ship: Mary, age 4, who died early, and Richard, age 6, who survived. In Plymouth Colony, Brewster was Ruling Elder of the Plymouth Church until his death in 1644 at age 80. Isaac Allerton - A Leiden Separatist and Merchant Adventurer originally from London who boarded the \"\"Mayflower\"\" with his wife and three children. During his life, he was a ship owner involved in New England and trans-Atlantic trading. In Plymouth Colony, he was second in authority to Governor Bradford in the colony’s early years. Later, Bradford felt that Allerton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10319028", "chunk_text": "\"Edward Doty\"\nEdward Doty Edward Doty (c. 1599 – August 23, 1655) was a passenger on the 1620 voyage of the \"\"Mayflower\"\" to North America; he was one of the signers of the Mayflower Compact. Doty came from England, but from where in England is currently unknown. A possibility might be East Halton in Lincolnshire. According to author Charles Edward Banks, Doty was from London and traveled with another Londoner, Stephen Hopkins, as his indentured servant. Hopkins was making his second journey to the New World as he had served about ten years prior under Capt. John Smith at Jamestown, Virginia Colony.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15862406", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\nbeen on board the ship for this entire time, and they were worn out and in no condition for a very taxing, lengthy Atlantic journey cooped up in the cramped spaces of a small ship. But the \"\"Mayflower\"\" sailed from Plymouth on September 6, 1620 with what Bradford called \"\"a prosperous wind\"\". Aboard the \"\"Mayflower\"\" were many stores that supplied the pilgrims with the essentials needed for their journey and future lives. It is assumed that they carried tools and weapons, including cannon, shot, and gunpowder, as well as some live animals, including dogs, sheep, goats, and poultry. Horses and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4311607", "chunk_text": "\"Christopher Newport\"\nChristopher Newport Christopher Newport (1561–1617) was an English seaman and privateer. He is best known as the captain of the \"\"Susan Constant\"\", the largest of three ships which carried settlers for the Virginia Company in 1607 on the way to found the settlement at Jamestown in the Virginia Colony, which became the first permanent English settlement in North America. He was also in overall command of the other two ships on that initial voyage, in order of their size, the \"\"Godspeed\"\" and the \"\"Discovery\"\". He made several voyages of supply between England and Jamestown; in 1609, he became Captain of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15862424", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\nhaberdasherie. At his death, his estate consisted of extensive footwear and other items of clothing, and made his daughter Priscilla and her husband John Alden quite prosperous. No cattle or beasts of draft or burden were brought on the journey, but there were pigs, goats, and poultry. Some passengers brought family pets such as cats and birds. Peter Browne took his large bitch mastiff, and John Goodman brought along his spaniel. According to author Charles Banks, the officers and crew of the \"\"Mayflower\"\" consisted of a captain, four mates, four quartermasters, surgeon, carpenter, cooper, cooks, boatswains, gunners, and about 36", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2007989", "chunk_text": "\"Mayflower Compact signatories\"\nWorld experience, being shipwrecked with others in Bermuda in 1609 for 9 months; they had built two small ships for escape to Virginia. In Jamestown, he worked for two years under Capt. John Smith and may have come in contact with the legendary Pocahontas, wife of fellow Bermuda castaway John Rolfe. His prior experience with Indians in Virginia served him well with Indian relationships in Plymouth Colony. Edward Tilley - (Name per Morton, 1669: Edward Tilly) He was from London and associated with Thomas Weston of the Merchant Adventurers before emigration. He and his wife were members of the Leiden", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15751147", "chunk_text": "\"Oceanus Hopkins\"\nOceanus Hopkins Oceanus Hopkins (16201626) was the only child born on the \"\"Mayflower\"\" during its historic voyage which brought the English Pilgrims to America. A boy, Peregrine White, was born on board, after arriving in America, as the ship lay at anchor. Oceanus was born to Stephen Hopkins and his wife, Elizabeth Hopkins (née Fisher), sometime between the boarding and arrival dates of September 6 and November 9, 1620. He died at about age six, certainly before the 1627 Division of Cattle. The location of his grave is unknown. He was named 'Oceanus', Latin for 'ocean', because he was born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18538099", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Hopkins (Mayflower passenger)\"\nStephen Hopkins (Mayflower passenger) Stephen Hopkins (1581 – June or July 1644) was a passenger on the \"\"Mayflower\"\" in 1620, one of 41 signatories of the Mayflower Compact, and an assistant to the governor of Plymouth Colony through 1636. He worked as a tanner and merchant and was recruited by the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London to provide the governance for the colony and to assist with the colony's ventures. He was the only \"\"Mayflower\"\" passenger with prior New World experience, having been shipwrecked in Bermuda in 1609 and arriving at Jamestown, Virginia in May 1610. Hopkins left Jamestown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15751148", "chunk_text": "\"Oceanus Hopkins\"\non the Atlantic Ocean. Oceanus Hopkins Oceanus Hopkins (16201626) was the only child born on the \"\"Mayflower\"\" during its historic voyage which brought the English Pilgrims to America. A boy, Peregrine White, was born on board, after arriving in America, as the ship lay at anchor. Oceanus was born to Stephen Hopkins and his wife, Elizabeth Hopkins (née Fisher), sometime between the boarding and arrival dates of September 6 and November 9, 1620. He died at about age six, certainly before the 1627 Division of Cattle. The location of his grave is unknown. He was named 'Oceanus', Latin for 'ocean',", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6765682", "chunk_text": "\"Thirteen Colonies\"\nbecame Charleston, originally Charles Town for Charles II of England. The Pilgrims were a small group of Puritan separatists who felt that they needed to physically distance themselves from the corrupt Church of England. After initially moving to the Netherlands, they decided to re-establish themselves in America. The initial Pilgrim settlers sailed to North America in 1620 on the \"\"Mayflower\"\". Upon their arrival, they drew up the Mayflower Compact, by which they bound themselves together as a united community, thus establishing the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. After its founding, other settlers traveled from England to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9863217", "chunk_text": "\"Mayflower Compact\"\nMayflower Compact The Mayflower Compact was the first governing document of Plymouth Colony. It was written by the male passengers of the \"\"Mayflower,\"\" consisting of separatist Puritans, adventurers, and tradesmen. The Puritans were fleeing from religious persecution by King James of England. The Mayflower Compact was signed aboard ship on November 11, 1620. They used the Julian Calendar, also known as Old Style dates, which was ten days behind the Gregorian Calendar. Signing the covenant were 41 of the ship's 101 passengers while the \"\"Mayflower\"\" was anchored in Provincetown Harbor within the hook at the northern tip of Cape Cod.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10511612", "chunk_text": "\"Christopher Raymond Perry\"\nand Massachusetts Bay colonies, and governor of Plymouth; and a descendant of \"\"Mayflower\"\" passengers, both of whom were signers of the Mayflower Compact, Elder William Brewster (c. 1567–1644), the Pilgrim colonist leader and spiritual elder of the Plymouth Colony, and George Soule (1593–1679), through his grandmother Susannah Barber Perry (1697–1755). Christopher Perry enlisted, at the age of 14, in a local militia company named the Kingston Reds early in the American Revolution. He then served on a privateer commanded by a Captain Reed. After one cruise with Reed, Perry signed on to the privateer \"\"Mifflin\"\" commanded by George Wait Babcock.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19975166", "chunk_text": "\"Octavius Winslow\"\nOctavius Winslow Octavius Winslow (1 August 1808 – 5 March 1878), also known as \"\"The Pilgrim's Companion\"\", was a prominent 19th Century evangelical preacher in England and America. A Baptist minister for most of his life and contemporary of Charles Spurgeon and J.C. Ryle, he seceded to the Anglican church in his last decade. Winslow was a direct descendant of John Winslow and Mary Chilton who braved the Atlantic to travel to America on the Mayflower in 1620. Legend has it that Mary was the first female of the little band to set foot in the New World. In 1624", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14275430", "chunk_text": "\"John Tilley (Mayflower passenger)\"\nill-clad and wet in freezing temperatures. It may be that they died from the effects of the exploration weather. One such extensive exploration in which the John and Edward Tilley are named as having taken part began on Wednesday, 6 December 1620 in freezing weather using the ship's shallop – a light, shallow-water boat with oars and sails navigated by two pilots and crewed by a master gunner and two sailors. The Pilgrims on board for this expedition, in addition to the Tilleys, were John Howland, Stephen Hopkins and his servant Edward Doty. Senior members on the expedition included John", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15862385", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\nnamed \"\"Mayflower\"\", which made the London to Plymouth, Massachusetts, voyage several times. The \"\"Mayflower\"\" was a square rig with a beakhead bow and high, castle-like structures fore and aft that served to protect the ship's crew and the main deck from the elements—designs that were typical with English merchant ships of the early 17th century. Her stern carried a 30-foot high, square aft-castle which made the ship extremely difficult to sail against the wind and unable to sail well against the North Atlantic's prevailing westerlies, especially in the fall and winter of 1620; the voyage from England to America took", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6720550", "chunk_text": "\"Clark's Island\"\nClark's Island Clark's Island is the name of a small island located in Duxbury Bay in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It was named for John Clark, the first mate of the \"\"Mayflower\"\", the ship that brought the Pilgrims to New England. The island was initially considered for the location of the Pilgrim's settlement, but was rejected in favor of a site to the south, which became known as Plymouth, Massachusetts. Today Clark's Island is a part of the town of Plymouth. Clark's Island is located in Duxbury Bay. Although physically closer to the town of Duxbury, the island is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9863218", "chunk_text": "\"Mayflower Compact\"\nThe \"\"Mayflower\"\" was originally bound for the Colony of Virginia, financed by the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London. Storms forced them to anchor at the hook of Cape Cod in Massachusetts, however, as it was unwise to continue with provisions running short. This inspired some of the non-Puritan passengers (whom the Puritans referred to as \"\"Strangers\"\") to proclaim that they \"\"would use their own liberty; for none had power to command them\"\" since they would not be settling in the agreed-upon Virginia territory. To prevent this, the Pilgrims determined to establish their own government, while still affirming their allegiance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18692029", "chunk_text": "\"Myles Standish\"\nMyles Standish Myles Standish (c. 1584 – October 3, 1656) was an English military officer hired by the Pilgrims as military adviser for Plymouth Colony. He accompanied them on the \"\"Mayflower\"\" journey and played a leading role in the administration and defense of Plymouth Colony from its inception. On February 17, 1621, the Plymouth Colony militia elected him as its first commander and continued to re-elect him to that position for the remainder of his life. He served as an agent of Plymouth Colony in England, as assistant governor, and as treasurer of the Colony. He was also one of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7949054", "chunk_text": "\"William Bradford (governor)\"\nfrom the Netherlands (itself an allusion to Hebrews 11:13 in the Bible): ...With mutual embraces and many tears, they took their leaves of one another, which proved to be the last leave to many of them...but they knew they were pilgrims and looked not much on those things, but lifted their eyes to heaven, their dearest country and quieted their spirits... The \"\"Mayflower\"\" departed Plymouth, England on September 6/16, 1620. The 100-foot ship had 102 passengers and a crew of 30 - 40 in extremely cramped conditions. By the second month out, the ship was being buffeted by westerly gales,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15862402", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\nship by 1620, along with Christopher Nichols, Robert Child, and Thomas Short. It was from Child and Jones that Thomas Weston chartered her in the summer of 1620 to undertake the Pilgrim voyage. Weston had a significant role in the \"\"Mayflower\"\" voyage due to his membership in the Company of Merchant Adventurers of London, and he eventually traveled to the Plymouth Colony himself. Approximately 65 passengers embarked the \"\"Mayflower\"\" in the middle of July 1620 at either Blackwall or Wapping on the River Thames. The ship then proceeded down the Thames into the English Channel and then on to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6479198", "chunk_text": "\"William Brewster (Mayflower passenger)\"\nwinter. When the passengers of the \"\"Mayflower\"\" landed at Plymouth Colony, Brewster became the senior elder, and so served as the religious leader of the colony; in the colony, he became a separatist leader and preacher, and eventually, as an adviser to Governor William Bradford. Brewster's son Jonathan joined the family in November 1621, arriving at Plymouth on the ship \"\"Fortune\"\", and daughters Patience and Fear arrived in July 1623 aboard the \"\"Anne\"\". As the only university educated member of the colony, Brewster took the part of the colony's religious leader until a pastor, Ralph Smith, arrived in 1629. Thereafter,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16822566", "chunk_text": "\"Mayflower II\"\ntransatlantic crossing. She was commanded on her maiden voyage by Alan Villiers, and among the crew was Peter Padfield, who went on to become a naval historian. Since 1957, \"\"Mayflower II\"\" has been a pier side tourist attraction, moored at Long Wharf near the site of Plymouth Rock. The ship has been a popular attraction near Boston; it has become the site of national and state celebrations. On Thanksgiving 1970 (the 350th anniversary of \"\"Mayflower\"\" landing), members of the American Indian Movement (AIM) led by Russell Means seized \"\"Mayflower II\"\" in protest of the United States government's failure to abide", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2007979", "chunk_text": "\"Mayflower Compact signatories\"\nchurch religious tracts. He boarded the \"\"Mayflower\"\" with his wife and two servants, one of whom was Elias Story, who died early along with 8-year-old Ellen More, who was in his care. His wife died in March 1621. In May 1621, he married the widow of William White as the first wedding in Plymouth Colony. He was quite prominent in colony governmental, religious, and Indian affairs. In 1646, he returned to England to join the anti-royalist Commonwealth government of Oliver Cromwell and died of fever in 1654 while on a military expedition in the Caribbean Sea. William Brewster - In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20100229", "chunk_text": "\"Colonial history of the United States\"\nGeorge Washington and was not disturbed during the war. The Pilgrims were a small group of Puritan separatists who felt that they needed to physically distance themselves from the Church of England. They initially moved to the Netherlands, then decided to re-establish themselves in America. The initial Pilgrim settlers sailed to North America in 1620 on the \"\"Mayflower\"\". Upon their arrival, they drew up the Mayflower Compact, by which they bound themselves together as a united community, thus establishing the small Plymouth Colony. William Bradford was their main leader. After its founding, other settlers traveled from England to join the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7940658", "chunk_text": "\"Plymouth Colony\"\nCaptain Reynolds for \"\"Speedwell\"\" and Captain Christopher Jones for \"\"Mayflower\"\". Other passengers joined the group in Southampton, including William Brewster, who had been in hiding for the better part of a year, and a group of people known to the Leiden congregation as \"\"The Strangers.\"\" This group was largely made up of people recruited by the Merchant Adventurers to provide practical assistance to the colony and additional hands to work for the colony's ventures. The term was also used for many of the indentured servants. Among the Strangers were Myles Standish, who was the colony's military leader; Christopher Martin, who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14084838", "chunk_text": "\"Resolved White\"\nResolved White Resolved White (c. 1615 – after September 19, 1687) was a passenger on the Pilgrim ship \"\"Mayflower\"\". In 1620, he accompanied his parents, Pilgrims William and Susanna White, on the journey. He married Judith Vassall, daughter of William Vassall, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Later in life White became a notable person of Plymouth Colony. Resolved White was the eldest son of \"\"Mayflower\"\" Pilgrims William and Susanna White. The Mayflower Society states that Susanna's maiden name is unknown. Resolved is believed to have been about five years of age in late 1620, having been born in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2008003", "chunk_text": "\"Mayflower Compact signatories\"\nsometime in the early months of 1621. There was a possible relationship to Isaac Allerton, but no documented evidence exists. Thomas English - He appeared in Leiden records as \"\"Thomas England.\"\" He was a \"\"Mayflower\"\" seaman hired as master of the ship’s shallop (light sailboat), which was for coastal transportation and trading. He died in the first winter, sometime before the \"\"Mayflower\"\" departed on its return to England in April 1621. Edward Doty - (Name per Morton, 1669: Edward Doten) He was from London and came as a servant of Stephen Hopkins, also from London. Per author Caleb Johnson, his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6947247", "chunk_text": "\"Mayflower Compact signatories\"\nPlymouth Colony. He left his family in Leiden and came on the \"\"Mayflower\"\" with only young servant William Butten, who died at sea a few days before reaching Cape Cod. He was the largely self-taught physician and surgeon of the colony and died in 1633 of an infectious fever that killed many that year. Christopher Martin - He was a prosperous leader of those non-religious persons known as \"\"Strangers\"\" on the \"\"Mayflower\"\", as well as a representative of the Merchant Adventurer investment group. He came on the ship with his wife and two servants, one of whom was his step-son", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15862429", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\nopen to the public. Another ship called the \"\"Mayflower\"\" made a voyage from London to Plymouth Colony in 1629 carrying 35 passengers, many from the Pilgrim congregation in Leiden that organized the first voyage. This was not the same ship that made the original voyage with the first settlers. This voyage began in May and reached Plymouth in August. This ship also made the crossing from England to America in 1630 (as part of the Winthrop Fleet), 1633, 1634, and 1639. It attempted the trip again in 1641, departing London in October of that year under master John Cole, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17406445", "chunk_text": "\"Plymouth, Massachusetts\"\nPlymouth was established in December 1620 by English separatist Puritans who had broken away from the Church of England, believing that the Church had not completed the work of the Protestant Reformation. Today, these settlers are much better known as the \"\"Pilgrims\"\", a term coined by William Bradford. The Mayflower first anchored in the harbor of Provincetown, Massachusetts on November 11, 1620. The ship was headed for the mouth of the Hudson River near Manhattan, which was part of the Colony of Virginia at the time, but it did not go beyond Cape Cod. The Pilgrim settlers realized that they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3465736", "chunk_text": "\"Edward Winslow\"\nEdward Winslow Edward Winslow (18 October 15958 May 1655) was a Separatist who traveled on the \"\"Mayflower\"\" in 1620. He was one of several senior leaders on the ship and also later at Plymouth Colony. Both Edward Winslow and his brother, Gilbert Winslow signed the Mayflower Compact. In Plymouth he served in a number of governmental positions such as assistant governor, three times was governor and also was the colony's agent in London. In early 1621 he had been one of several key leaders on whom Governor Bradford depended after the death of John Carver. He was the author of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11685316", "chunk_text": "\"Pilgrim Tercentenary half dollar\"\nhad stayed in England, as well as a scattering of others. Some would-be pioneers had to be left behind because of the problems with the \"\"Speedwell\"\". The \"\"Mayflower\"\" sailed from Plymouth, in South West England, on September 6, 1620, with 102 passengers and a crew of 47. The expedition sighted Cape Cod on November 9, 1620, and landed at what is now Provincetown, Massachusetts. Two days later, the men signed the \"\"Mayflower\"\" Compact, wherein all agreed to submit themselves to the will of the majority—one of the foundation documents of American democracy. They established a settlement at Plymouth Colony (today", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10061023", "chunk_text": "\"Christopher Jones (Mayflower captain)\"\nChristopher Jones (Mayflower captain) Capt. Christopher Jones Jr. (c. 1570 – about 5 March 1622) was the Captain of the 1620 voyage of the Pilgrim ship \"\"Mayflower\"\". Christopher Jones is believed to have been born in Harwich, Essex about 1570, although baptismal records are blank for his parish church for the period of time between April 1565 and June 1571. He was the son of Christopher Jones, Sr. and his wife Sybil. The senior Jones was also a mariner and ship owner who died in 1578, leaving to his young son, bearing his name, his interest in the ship \"\"Marie", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11562014", "chunk_text": "\"Moses Fletcher\"\nMoses Fletcher and his wife Mary. All of the lines are through his daughter Priscilla. Moses Fletcher Moses Fletcher (c.1564-1620/1). In Pilgrim records written by William Bradford his name is given as \"\"Moyses Fletcher.\"\" He came to America on the historic 1620 voyage of the Pilgrim ship \"\"Mayflower\"\". He was a signatory to the Mayflower Compact and perished shortly thereafter in the Pilgrims first winter in the New World. Moses was born about 1564 in County Kent, England, probably in the Sandwich area. He seems to have lived much of his early life there, having married Mary Evans in 1589", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6479196", "chunk_text": "\"William Brewster (Mayflower passenger)\"\nplaced as indentured servants with senior Separatists William Brewster, John Carver and Robert Cushman, on behalf of Samuel More, husband of the children's mother, Katherine More. The children were placed without their mother's permission after four rancorous years between the Mores over charges of adultery against Katherine and her longtime lover, the children's alleged father. Two children were placed with William and Mary Brewster. The \"\"Mayflower\"\" departed Plymouth in England in September 1620. The 100-foot vessel carried 102 passengers and a crew of 30 to 40 in extremely cramped conditions. During the voyage, the ship was buffeted by strong westerly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9604120", "chunk_text": "\"John Goodman (pilgrim)\"\nJohn Goodman (pilgrim) John Goodman (c. 1595 to 1623-1627) was a Pilgrim who traveled aboard the \"\"Mayflower\"\" in 1620 to Plymouth, Massachusetts. Virtually nothing is known about the details of John Goodman's life before the Pilgrims' voyage to New England. It is believed that Goodman was originally a passenger of the \"\"Speedwell\"\", a smaller companion ship of the \"\"Mayflower\"\". However, a number of irreparable leaks forced passengers of the \"\"Speedwell\"\" to be moved aboard the \"\"Mayflower\"\". At the time of the \"\"Mayflower's\"\" journey, he is listed as a linen weaver and being 25 years of age. There are conflicting records", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20442663", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Brewster\"\nin England is unknown, as is her maiden name; maiden names of Wentworth, Love, Wyrall, and others have been suggested. Mary Brewster Mary Brewster (ca. 1569 – April 17, 1627) was a Pilgrim and one of the women on the \"\"Mayflower\"\". She was the wife of Elder William Brewster. She was one of only five adult women from the Mayflower to survive the first winter in the New World, and one of only four such to survive to the \"\"first Thanksgiving\"\" in 1621, which she helped cook. As such, she is included in Plimoth Plantation's reenactment of that Thanksgiving. She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19207901", "chunk_text": "\"William Butten\"\nWilliam Butten William Butten was a young indentured servant of Samuel Fuller, a long-time leader of the Leiden Church. Butten died during the voyage of the \"\"Mayflower\"\" while traveling with Fuller, who had been appointed doctor for the group. At that time, children and young men were routinely rounded up from the streets of London or taken from poor families receiving church relief to be used as laborers in the colonies. Butten was sick the entire voyage and died at sea when near the coast of New England. The \"\"Mayflower\"\" departed Plymouth, England, on September 6/16, 1620. The small, 100-foot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1876650", "chunk_text": "\"John Crackston\"\nnot accompany them. William Bradford, writing 1651, recorded Crackston and his son embarked on the Mayflower: \"\"John Crakston, and his sone, John Crakston.\"\" The \"\"Mayflower\"\" departed from Plymouth, England aboard the \"\"Mayflower\"\" on September 6/16, 1620. The small, 100-foot ship had 102 passengers and a crew of about 30-40 in extremely cramped conditions. By the second month out, the ship was being buffeted by strong westerly gales, causing the ship's timbers to be badly shaken with caulking failing to keep out sea water, and with passengers, even in their berths, lying wet and ill. This, combined with a lack of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15862386", "chunk_text": "Mayflower\nmore than two months as a result. The \"\"Mayflower\"\"s return trip to London in April–May 1621 took less than half that time, with the same strong winds now blowing in the direction of the voyage. The exact dimensions are not known for the \"\"Mayflower\"\", but she probably measured about 100 feet (30 m) in length from the beak of her prow to the tip of her stern superstructure, about 25 feet (7.6 m) at her widest point, and the bottom of her keel about 12 feet (3.6 m) below the waterline. William Bradford estimated that she had a cargo capacity", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2091683", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Puritans under King James I\"\na group of Puritan separatists, known today as the Pilgrims, made their famous sea voyage on the Mayflower across the Atlantic to settle Plymouth Colony. They were led by governor William Bradford and church elder William Brewster. The Pilgrims were originally a part of the Puritan separatist movement in England. They began to feel the pressures of religious persecution while still in the English village of Scrooby, near East Retford, Nottinghamshire. In 1607, Archbishop Tobias Matthew raided homes and imprisoned several members of the congregation. The congregation therefore left England in 1609 and emigrated to the Netherlands, settling first in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_227	who won the national championship in volleyball 2017?	n/a	[ "Ohio State" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10415832", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NCAA National Collegiate Men's Volleyball Tournament\"\n2017 NCAA National Collegiate Men's Volleyball Tournament The 2017 NCAA National Collegiate Volleyball Tournament was the 48th edition of the NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Championship, open to teams from both Division I and II. The tournament was held May 2, 4, & 6 at St. John Arena in Columbus, Ohio, hosted by Ohio State University. The Ohio State Buckeyes won their second consecutive National Championship and fourth overall. The champions of Conference Carolinas, the Eastern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association, Midwestern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association, and Mountain Pacific Sports Federation received automatic bids to the tournament, while two other teams were selected", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3239380", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament\"\n2015 final, in which Loyola defeated Lewis; and the 2016 and 2017 finals, when Ohio State defeated BYU. UCLA, Southern California, Penn State, Stanford, and Long Beach State are the only schools in Division I to have won an NCAA national championship in both men and women's volleyball. (But for Hawaii's vacated 2002 title, it would have matched this feat with 3 NCAA and 1 AIAW women's national championships.) In addition, Stanford (1996–97) and Penn State (2007–08) are the only universities whose men and women's volleyball programs won the national championship in the same academic year. The 2016 championship tournament", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10415833", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NCAA National Collegiate Men's Volleyball Tournament\"\nat large. TWCS Hawaii carried the Hawaii first round match. The semifinals were streamed on NCAA.com and the championship match was broadcast on ESPN2. 2017 NCAA National Collegiate Men's Volleyball Tournament The 2017 NCAA National Collegiate Volleyball Tournament was the 48th edition of the NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Championship, open to teams from both Division I and II. The tournament was held May 2, 4, & 6 at St. John Arena in Columbus, Ohio, hosted by Ohio State University. The Ohio State Buckeyes won their second consecutive National Championship and fourth overall. The champions of Conference Carolinas, the Eastern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6778219", "chunk_text": "\"2017 National Invitational Volleyball Championship\"\nStephen F. Austin 3–0 and Arkansas State 3–1. Remaining a host team through the rest of the tournament, Ole Miss downed Georgia 3–0 in the quarterfinals, West Virginia 3–0 in the semifinals, and Texas Tech 3–0 in the championship match. Automatic qualifications (AQ) were granted to the best team from each of the 32 conferences that was not invited to the 2017 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament. An automatic qualifier from any conference that declined a bid vacated the qualifier for that conference. Invitations were declined by nine teams and/or their conferences. Three conferences were given at-large bids but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9861572", "chunk_text": "\"2017 National Invitational Volleyball Championship\"\n2017 National Invitational Volleyball Championship The 2017 National Invitational Volleyball Championship began on Tuesday, November 28, 2017 and concluded on Tuesday, December 12. The first 15 automatic qualifying teams were announced on Sunday, November 21, and the full field was announced after the NCAA Tournament selection show on the night of Sunday, November 26. All games were played at on-campus sites, and the finals were streamed live on ESPN3. Originally announced as featuring 64 teams, the inaugural tournament was limited to 32 teams. The University of Mississippi's \"\"Ole Miss\"\" Rebels hosted one of the eight regional tournaments, where they defeated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9637100", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship\"\n2017 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship The 2017 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship was the second annual tournament deciding the NCAA championship of beach volleyball, which competition is open to women only. It took place May 5-7 in Gulf Shores, Alabama, hosted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham. It was a double elimination tournament, with a single championship match. The USC Trojans won their second consecutive national title, defeating the Pepperdine Waves 3-2 in the championship match. The tournament is open to teams from Divisions I, II, and III. The top three teams each in the East and West Regions will", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12880073", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association\"\nfive conference champions and two at-large entries. Penn State has won every conference championship for the past 18 years, with the exception of 1998 when Princeton captured the title, 2016 when George Mason won the title and 2018 when Harvard emerged on top. The Nittany Lions are the only conference team to win the NCAA national championships, having captured the title in 1994 and 2008. As of the upcoming 2019 season (2018–19 school year), the EIVA consists of eight schools: the University of Charleston (in West Virginia; not to be confused with the College of Charleston in South Carolina), George", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10988319", "chunk_text": "\"Midwestern Intercollegiate Volleyball Association\"\ndue to player eligibility issues, and the NCAA no longer recognizes the title. Loyola won the national championship in both 2014 and 2015, and Ohio State won the title in 2011, 2016, and 2017. The MIVA comprises eight teams from the NCAA's Division I and Division II. The most recent change in MIVA membership was in 2017, when Grand Canyon left the MIVA for the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation. One current MIVA member changed its institutional and athletic identity after the 2018 men's volleyball season. Indiana University – Purdue University Fort Wayne (IPFW), a joint venture between the Indiana University", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9861575", "chunk_text": "\"2017 National Invitational Volleyball Championship\"\n=\"\" 2017 National Invitational Volleyball Championship The 2017 National Invitational Volleyball Championship began on Tuesday, November 28, 2017 and concluded on Tuesday, December 12. The first 15 automatic qualifying teams were announced on Sunday, November 21, and the full field was announced after the NCAA Tournament selection show on the night of Sunday, November 26. All games were played at on-campus sites, and the finals were streamed live on ESPN3. Originally announced as featuring 64 teams, the inaugural tournament was limited to 32 teams. The University of Mississippi's \"\"Ole Miss\"\" Rebels hosted one of the eight regional tournaments, where they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18559924", "chunk_text": "\"2016 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament\"\nand National Champion. 2016 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament The 2016 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament began on December 1, 2016 and concluded on December 17 at Nationwide Arena in Columbus, Ohio. The tournament field was determined on November 27, 2016. Stanford defeated Texas 3 sets to 1 in the final to claim their seventh title, tying them with Penn State for most all-time. The champions of the NCAA's 32 conferences qualified automatically, while the remaining 32 positions were filled with at-large selections. The Big Ten and Pac-12 led all conferences with eight teams each in the field,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11870979", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament\"\nmen's volleyball national championship; Loyola Chicago, Penn State, Ohio State and BYU are the only non-California universities to have won the National Collegiate championship; Hawaii and Lewis also won the championship tournament, but had their victories vacated due to NCAA rules violations. Only seven non-California universities have participated in the National Collegiate championship match (Loyola, BYU, Penn State, Ohio State, IPFW, Hawaii, and Lewis), although other universities such as Princeton and Ball State have participated in the final four. Only four finals have involved two non-California schools: the 2003 final, when Lewis defeated BYU but had its win vacated; the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19286542", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Tournament\"\n2018 NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Tournament The 2018 NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Tournament was the 49th annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA Division I and Division II men's collegiate indoor volleyball. The single-elimination tournament began on April 26 with a play-in match, with the remainder of the tournament hosted by UCLA from May 1–5 at Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles. Long Beach State became the Champions for the second time in school history with a 5-set victory over UCLA. With the addition of the Big West Conference, which began sponsoring men's volleyball in the 2018", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7257448", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament\"\nto the finals will all be streamed by WatchESPN or televised by ESPN Networks. \"\"First & Second Rounds\"\" \"\"Third & Fourth Rounds\"\" \"\"Semifinals\"\" \"\"First & Second Rounds\"\" \"\"Third & Fourth Rounds\"\" \"\"National Championship\"\" 2018 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament The 2018 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament began on November 29, 2018 and concluded on December 15 at the Target Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The tournament field was announced on November 25, 2018. Stanford beat Nebraska in the final to claim their eighth national championship. The columns R32, S16, E8, F4, CM, and NC respectively stand for the Round", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7257447", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament\"\n2018 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament The 2018 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament began on November 29, 2018 and concluded on December 15 at the Target Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The tournament field was announced on November 25, 2018. Stanford beat Nebraska in the final to claim their eighth national championship. The columns R32, S16, E8, F4, CM, and NC respectively stand for the Round of 32, Sweet Sixteen, Elite Eight, Final Four, Championship Match, and National Champion. First and second round matches will be streamed or televised by local school RSN's or streaming services. The 3rd round", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18559922", "chunk_text": "\"2016 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament\"\n2016 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament The 2016 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament began on December 1, 2016 and concluded on December 17 at Nationwide Arena in Columbus, Ohio. The tournament field was determined on November 27, 2016. Stanford defeated Texas 3 sets to 1 in the final to claim their seventh title, tying them with Penn State for most all-time. The champions of the NCAA's 32 conferences qualified automatically, while the remaining 32 positions were filled with at-large selections. The Big Ten and Pac-12 led all conferences with eight teams each in the field, followed by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15944543", "chunk_text": "\"Nebraska Cornhuskers\"\nno. 25 Notre Dame in overtime. Nebraska volleyball has sold out 236 consecutive matches between the Nebraska Coliseum and Devaney Center, the longest streak of its kind in women's college sports. The Cornhuskers have led the country in attendance for five straight seasons, and have played in eight of the ten highest-attended volleyball matches ever played. Nebraska's 3-1 victory over Florida in the 2017 national championship match set a new record with 18,516 fans in attendance, most of them in red. Nebraska has produced more total and football academic All-Americans than any other school . Through the 2016–17 academic year,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10665548", "chunk_text": "\"2016 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship\"\n2016 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship The 2016 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship was the first annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA women's collegiate beach volleyball in the United States. The tournament was played on the beaches of Gulf Shores, Alabama, hosted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, from May 6–8, 2016. The American Volleyball Coaches Association (AVCA) had previously sponsored a beach volleyball championship prior to the NCAA's sanctioning of the sport in 2015. USC defeated Florida State in the championship match, 3 sets to 0, to clinch the inaugural national title. This was the Trojans' second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "161428", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division II Women's Volleyball Tournament\"\nNCAA Division II Women's Volleyball Tournament The NCAA Division II Women's Volleyball Tournament is the annual event that decides the championship contested by the NCAA. It determines the national champion of Division II women's collegiate volleyball. It has been held annually since 1981, typically played in December after the fall regular season (the men's championship, conversely, is held in the spring). The 2018 champion is University of Tampa Spartans, winning their third. The most successful team has been Concordia–Saint Paul with nine titles, winning their ninth, in 2017, in a time-span of only eleven years. From 1970 through 1980, before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9861574", "chunk_text": "\"2017 National Invitational Volleyball Championship\"\nno AQs, based on criteria set by Triple Crown Sports. Vacancies were filled by at-large bids offered to the teams with the highest RPI, regardless of conference or geographic location. Teams were assigned to four-team geographic regionals that met at on-campus sites. \"\"Source= All games were played at campus sites. The sixteen first and eight second round regional tournament games were played November 28–December 1, 2017. Four quarterfinal games were played December 3–6. The two semifinal games were played December 7–9. The final game was played at 7 p.m. Eastern Time on Tuesday, December 12 and live-streamed on ESPN3. \"\"Source", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11870967", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament\"\nknow in men's volleyball, winning 5 of the last 7 national championships. Ohio State leads the Midwest in national championships, with 3 total national championships. Before the 2011–12 school year (2012 championship), men's volleyball did not have an official divisional structure; even now, that structure is truncated. The National Collegiate Championship remains as the NCAA's top-level championship, but Division III members now have their own championship event. With the introduction of an official Division III championship, schools in that division are no longer eligible for the National Collegiate Championship. The last exception was Rutgers–Newark, whose men's volleyball program had been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13463092", "chunk_text": "\"2017 College Football Playoff National Championship\"\nchampion of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision. The four teams were originally selected by a 13 member-committee. The championship game was a rematch of the 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship, where Alabama defeated Clemson, 45–40. Overall, the championship game marked the 17th meeting between the two schools; however, prior to the previous championship game, the programs had only met once in the regular season since 1975. Alabama was led by head coach Nick Saban. The Crimson Tide were undefeated in the regular season and played the Washington Huskies in the 2016 Peach Bowl, winning 24–7. Alabama's defense", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5861020", "chunk_text": "\"Nebraska Cornhuskers women's volleyball\"\nno. 16 seed Penn State, a game in which the Cornhuskers staved off two Penn State match points. This was Nebraska's third win of the year over the Nittany Lions. Nebraska swept Washington in the regional finals to advance to the national semifinals again, but the Cornhuskers lost a rematch with Texas. Nebraska's 2017 season opened with consecutive losses to Florida and Oregon in Gainesville, though the Huskers were shorthanded due to injury for both games. At 19–1 in conference play, Nebraska shared the Big Ten title with Penn State, and earned the no. 5 seed in the NCAA tournament.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7749159", "chunk_text": "\"UCLA Bruins\"\nwomen's team defeated Illinois to claim the 2011 NCAA title, twenty years after their previous title run. The UCLA Bruins women's volleyball team have an NCAA Division I Tournament record of 90–32 through thirty-five appearances. The beach volleyball team won its first national title on May 6, 2018 by defeating Hawaii and Florida State at Gulf Beach Place, Gulf Shores, Alabama. The women's team has captured 7 of the championships since it became an NCAA sponsored event. They also won non-NCAA national titles in 1996, 1997, 1998 and 2000. The men's team were champions 9 times and as runner-up 9", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3512953", "chunk_text": "\"2017 College Football Playoff National Championship\"\n2017 College Football Playoff National Championship The 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship was a bowl game that was used to determine a national champion of college football in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision for the 2016 season. The game was played at Raymond James Stadium in Tampa, Florida, on January 9, 2017. It was the culminating game of the 2016–17 bowl season. The game was played between the winners of two pre-designated bowl games played on December 31, 2016: the Clemson Tigers, who defeated the Ohio State Buckeyes in the Fiesta Bowl, and the Alabama Crimson Tide,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5861019", "chunk_text": "\"Nebraska Cornhuskers women's volleyball\"\njust the third freshman to win it. Junior Amber Rolfzen contributed 10 kills and four blocks. Sophomore setter Kelly Hunter had 42 assists, while junior libero Justine Wong-Orantes had a match-high 17 digs. Kadie Rolfzen had 14 kills, five digs, and four blocks. Nebraska's 2016 conference title was the school's first since 2011. Nebraska nearly ran the table as the country's no. 1 team, but an October loss to Ohio State knocked the Cornhuskers from the top spot for a mere week. After sweeping New Hampshire and TCU, no. 1 seed Nebraska won a memorable five-set thriller over rival and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8707874", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division III Women's Volleyball Tournament\"\nNCAA Division III Women's Volleyball Tournament The NCAA Division III Women's Volleyball Tournament is the annual event that decides the championships in women's volleyball from teams in Division III contested by the NCAA each winter since 1981. Washington–Saint Louis is the most successful program, with ten national titles. The most recent champions are Emory, who won their second title in 2018. From 1970 through 1980, before the NCAA governed women's collegiate athletics, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women alone conducted the women's collegiate volleyball championships. Volleyball was one of twelve women's sports added to the NCAA championship program for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15784058", "chunk_text": "\"Peach Bowl\"\nfor the 2017 season. As such, UCF was selected as the 2017 National Champions by at least one NCAA recognized selector and thus claims a share of the 2017 National Championship. Rankings are based on the AP Poll prior to the game being played. \"\"Italics denote a tie game.\"\" Won: Alabama, Arizona State, Army, Baylor, East Carolina, Houston, Syracuse, TCU, Texas A&M, UCF Lost: Duke, Illinois, Iowa State, Washington Tied: Texas Tech, Vanderbilt Michigan will appear in the upcoming 2018 game. Through the January 2018 playing, there have been 50 games (100 total appearances). Records are based on a team's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "200111", "chunk_text": "\"Nebraska Cornhuskers\"\nKathy DeBoer described Nebraska as \"\"the epicenter of volleyball fandom\"\". The Cornhuskers have led the country in attendance every year since moving to the Devaney Center and have sold out over 200 straight home matches, an NCAA record for any women's sport. Nebraska has played in eight of the ten highest-attended volleyball games ever, with four of these taking place in the NCAA tournament at the CenturyLink Center in Omaha. On December 16, 2017, 18,516 fans watched Nebraska defeat Florida 3-1 in the national championship match at the Sprint Center in Kansas City. This broke the all-time attendance record that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15270692", "chunk_text": "\"National Invitational Volleyball Championship\"\ntournament is run by Triple Crown Sports, which has run basketball's WNIT for the past two decades and also started a National Invitational Softball Championship in spring 2017. The new NIVC consists of 32 teams that did not make the NCAA Tournament. This includes automatic qualifications for the best team from each of the 32 conferences to not be invited to the NCAA Tournament, with any vacancies filled by at-large bids to the teams with the highest RPI, regardless of conference or geographic location. The field is grouped into 4-team regionals based on geographic location. The full field was announced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9637101", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship\"\nqualify automatically, and two additional teams will be selected at large. Selections were announced on April 30 on NCAA.com. As in 2016, the tournament was streamed on NCAA.com and broadcast on TruTV and TBS. NCAA.com streamed matches 1-5, 9, & 13, TruTV televised matches 6-8 & 10-12, and TBS the championship match. 2017 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship The 2017 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship was the second annual tournament deciding the NCAA championship of beach volleyball, which competition is open to women only. It took place May 5-7 in Gulf Shores, Alabama, hosted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18737930", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship\"\n2018 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship The 2018 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship was the third annual tournament deciding the NCAA champions for the 2018 collegiate beach volleyball season. It took place May 4-6 in Gulf Shores, Alabama, and was hosted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham. It was a double elimination tournament, with a single championship match. The tournament was open to teams from Divisions I, II, and III. The top three teams each in the East and West Regions qualified automatically, and two additional teams were selected at large. Selections for the tournament were announced on April 29 on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11047235", "chunk_text": "\"Texas Longhorns women's volleyball\"\ncontinued to excel following their national championship. In 2013 and 2014, they won the Big 12 and advanced to the national semifinals. In 2015, they once again won the Big 12 and advanced to the national championship game, but lost to Nebraska. In 2016, they finished second in the Big 12, snapping a streak of five consecutive Big 12 titles. However, they once again advanced to the national championship game, this time losing to Stanford. Texas, with a perfect 16-0 record, won the Big 12 championship in 2017 for the tenth time. In the 2017 NCAA tournament Texas was again", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2572177", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship\"\n2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship The 2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship was the 30th edition of the Men's European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the CEV. The tournament was held in Poland between 24 August and 3 September. Russia defeated Germany in the final to capture a record 14th title in the tournament. Serbia defeated Belgium for the bronze medal. Maxim Mikhaylov from Russia was elected the MVP. A spine tingling Opening Ceremony including show acts, live music and fireworks attended by an all-time record-breaking crowd set the tone for a historic night at PGE National Stadium", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4168964", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game\"\n2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game The 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game was the final game of the 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament. It determined the national champion for the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The game was played on April 3, 2017, at University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona between the Gonzaga Bulldogs and the North Carolina Tar Heels. North Carolina defeated Gonzaga, 71–65, to win its sixth men's basketball national championship. This was the first national championship game to be played in a state in either the Mountain", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9185242", "chunk_text": "\"Florida Gators women's volleyball\"\ntheir first NCAA title match in school history, the Gators lost to undefeated Southern California in four sets, 25–30, 30–27, 30–19, 30–26. Wise became the first Division I female coach to coach in a championship match. In addition, Florida set a then-NCAA record of 105 straight games won during the 2003 season. The Florida Gators opened the 2017 beating #1 Texas and #5 Nebraska in the opening weekend. They would eventually become the #1 ranked team...their first since 2010. The Gators finished the season 30-2 and reached their second final...falling to Nebraska 3-1. Rhamat Alhassan (1st Team), Carli Snyder (2nd", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9770916", "chunk_text": "\"Penn State Nittany Lions men's volleyball\"\nFort Wayne, Indiana, the Lions defeated defending NCAA champion UCLA in a five-set match. After falling behind 2 sets to 1, UCLA looked to have the championship in their hands after being up 11–4 in the fourth set, needing to only get to 15. However, the Lions mounted a stunning comeback and went on an 11–1 run to take set four 15–12 and set five with the same score to win the national championship. It was then-head coach Tom Peterson's last year. Penn State got back to the final four, losing to UCLA in a five-set match in the semifinals.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7749163", "chunk_text": "\"UCLA Bruins\"\ndefeated the Cal Bears to improve their NCAA record to 54 straight wins. On December 3, 2017, the men's team defeated rival Southern California, 7-5, to capture their third National Championship in four years. The win also pulled the Bruins even with fellow PAC-12 school Stanford University for the most NCAA team championships in school history, both schools with 114 each. Earlier in the day, the Cardinal had pulled ahead when their women's soccer team defeated the Bruins' women's team 3-2. The lead lasted less than six hours. Stanford subsequently won their 115th NCAA team championship, in men's soccer. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7326597", "chunk_text": "\"Penn State Nittany Lions women's volleyball\"\nfeat. Wilson and Brown trained with the United States national team in the summer, seeking roster spots for Team USA. In its thirty-third consecutive appearance in the NCAA tournament, Penn State returned to the podium by winning its sixth national championship and fifth in the previous seven years. The mark tied Stanford for most NCAA Division I national titles and continued one of the greatest dynasties in college volleyball history. The road to the championship included a 25-game win streak and tournament wins over Michigan State in the regional semi-final, perennial powerhouse Stanford in the regional final, Pac-12 champion Washington", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18795405", "chunk_text": "\"Penn State Nittany Lions\"\nis one of only 5 schools—and the only school not in California—to win a NCAA Championship for both men and women's volleyball, the others being Stanford, UCLA, USC, and Long Beach State. The men's volleyball team is coached by Mark Pavlik. The program has won two NCAA National Championships in 1994 and 2008 and 16 EIVA titles out of 17 years, including 10 consecutive. They finished as NCAA National runners-up in 1982, 1995 and 2006, to UCLA each time (twice at Rec Hall). They reached the NCAA final four 24 times including 13 out of the last 14 years through", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10237336", "chunk_text": "\"Men's European Volleyball Championship\"\nMen's European Volleyball Championship The Men's European Volleyball Championship (\"\"EuroVolley\"\") is the official competition for senior men's national volleyball teams of Europe, organized by the European Volleyball Confederation (CEV). The initial gap between championships was variable, but since 1975 they have been awarded every two years. The current champion is Russia, which won its fourteenth title at the 2017 tournament in Poland. The current format of the competition involves a qualification phase, which currently takes place over the preceding two years, to determine which teams qualify for the tournament phase, which is often called the \"\"European Championship Finals\"\". 16 teams,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9499896", "chunk_text": "\"Louisville Cardinals\"\nACC. Most recently, after the Cardinals joined the ACC in 2014, the Cardinals won the 2015 ACC title, the first ACC crown ever won by any Louisville team. Senior setter Katie George, also notable as that year's Miss Kentucky USA, was named ACC Player of the Year and Setter of the Year. In addition, Kordes was named Coach of the Year, and libero Molly Sauer was named Defensive Player of the Year and Freshman of the Year. The Cardinal volleyball team moved back into the newly expanded Cardinal Arena in 2017. Louisville has won three NCAA team national championships. <nowiki>***</nowiki>Vacated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10665550", "chunk_text": "\"2016 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship\"\nthe first round of a double-elimination style tournament to be played across a three-day span. Matches were won by the first team to win three-of-five sets. 2016 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship The 2016 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship was the first annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA women's collegiate beach volleyball in the United States. The tournament was played on the beaches of Gulf Shores, Alabama, hosted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, from May 6–8, 2016. The American Volleyball Coaches Association (AVCA) had previously sponsored a beach volleyball championship prior to the NCAA's sanctioning of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2572179", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship\"\nthe winner, 0 match points for the loser<br> Match won 3–2: 2 match points for the winner, 1 match point for the loser 2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship The 2017 Men's European Volleyball Championship was the 30th edition of the Men's European Volleyball Championship, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the CEV. The tournament was held in Poland between 24 August and 3 September. Russia defeated Germany in the final to capture a record 14th title in the tournament. Serbia defeated Belgium for the bronze medal. Maxim Mikhaylov from Russia was elected the MVP. A spine tingling Opening Ceremony including", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8707873", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division II Women's Volleyball Tournament\"\nmen's volleyball teams in Division I and Division II seeing as there are far fewer men's programs than women's. NCAA Division II Women's Volleyball Tournament The NCAA Division II Women's Volleyball Tournament is the annual event that decides the championship contested by the NCAA. It determines the national champion of Division II women's collegiate volleyball. It has been held annually since 1981, typically played in December after the fall regular season (the men's championship, conversely, is held in the spring). The 2018 champion is University of Tampa Spartans, winning their third. The most successful team has been Concordia–Saint Paul with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "549248", "chunk_text": "\"Men's European Volleyball Championship\"\nincluding the automatically qualifying host nation(s), compete in the tournament phase for the title at venues within the host nation(s) over a period of about two weeks. The 30 European Championship tournaments have been won by nine different national teams. Russia have won fourteen times (twelve as Soviet Union). The other European Championship winners are Italy, with six titles; Czech Republic as (Czechoslovakia), with three titles; Serbia with two titles (one as FR Yugoslavia); and France, Netherlands, Poland, Romania and Spain, with one title each. The 2017 European Championship took place in Poland. The next European Championship will be co-hosted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16458341", "chunk_text": "\"1973 NCAA Men's Volleyball Tournament\"\n8,000 fans attended the championship match which, at the time, was the largest crowd ever to witness a volleyball match in the United States. San Diego State defeated Long Beach State, 3–1 (11–15, 15–13, 15–8, 15–6), in the championship match to win their first national title. San Diego State's Duncan McFarland was named the \"\"Most Outstanding Player\"\" of the tournament. Until the creation of the NCAA Men's Division III Volleyball Championship in 2012, there was only a single national championship for men's volleyball. As such, all NCAA men's volleyball programs (whether from the University Division, or the College Division) were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20076292", "chunk_text": "\"2016 NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Tournament\"\n2016 NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Tournament The 2016 NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Tournament was the 47th annual tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA Division I and Division II men's collegiate indoor volleyball. The single elimination tournament was played at Rec Hall in University Park, Pennsylvania from May 3–7, 2016. With the creation of the separate NCAA Men's Division III Volleyball Championship in 2012, combined with the completion of the transition of the last Division III institution competing at the National Collegiate level, Rutgers–Newark, to Division III volleyball after the 2014 season, only NCAA men's volleyball programs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15376832", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NCAA Women's Gymnastics Championship\"\n2017 NCAA Women's Gymnastics Championship The 2017 NCAA Women's Gymnastics Championships were held April 14–15, 2017, at the Chaifetz Arena in St. Louis, Missouri. The Super Six finals were held on April 15. Oklahoma scored an NCAA championship record 198.3875 to win their second consecutive national title. The Sooners had the highest team scores on vault, uneven bars, and floor exercise. They were led by Maggie Nichols, who had the highest score of the day on vault and tied for the highest scores on balance beam, with a 10, and floor exercise. 1. Oklahoma - 198.3875 2. LSU - 197.7375", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4481796", "chunk_text": "\"2017 NCAA Division I Tennis Championships\"\nsingles, and doubles championships. 1. Wake Forest \"\"(Quarterfinals)\"\"<br> 2. Virginia (National Champions)<br> 3. Ohio State \"\"(Semifinals)\"\"<br> 4. USC \"\"(Round of 16)\"\" 5. UCLA \"\"(Quarterfinals)\"\"<br> 6. TCU \"\"(Quarterfinals)\"\"<br> 7. Baylor \"\"(Round of 16)\"\"<br> 8. California \"\"(Round of 16)\"\" 9. North Carolina \"\"(Runner-up)\"\" <br> 10. Texas \"\"(Quarterfinals)\"\"<br> 11. Oklahoma State \"\"(Second Round)\"\" <br> 12. Texas A&M \"\"(Round of 16)\"\" <br> 13. Georgia \"\"(Semifinals)\"\"<br> 14. Oklahoma \"\"(Round of 16)\"\"<br> 15. Florida \"\"(Round of 16)\"\" <br> 16. Stanford \"\"(Round of 16)\"\" 1. Florida (National Champions)<br> 2. North Carolina \"\"(Quarterfinals)\"\"<br> 3. Ohio State \"\"(Semifinals)\"\"<br> 4. Vanderbilt \"\"(Semifinals)\"\" 5. Georgia \"\"(Round of 16)\"\"<br> 6. Texas Tech", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1414914", "chunk_text": "\"FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship\"\nClub Volleyball Championship (Asia), African Clubs Championship (Africa), Men's South American Volleyball Club Championship (South America) and CEV Champions League (Europe), along with the host city's team and a nominated team from North America. The number of teams is increased through wild card invitees. The current champions are Italy's Trentino, who defeated another Italian club Lube Civitanova 3–1 in the final of the 2018 edition, to win their fifth title in the competition and the first title since 2012. Italian teams have been the most successful, with nine titles. FIVB Volleyball Men's Club World Championship The FIVB Volleyball Men's Club", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_228	name a food you might eat on thanksgiving?	n/a	[ "a large roasted turkey", "turkey" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872155", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\non days prior. Copious leftovers are also common following the meal proper. Traditional Thanksgiving foods are sometimes specific to the day, such as riced potatoes, and although some of the foods might be seen at any semi-formal meal in the United States, the meal often has something of a ritual or traditional quality. Many Americans would say it is \"\"incomplete\"\" without cranberry sauce, stuffing or dressing, mashed potatoes and gravy, and brussels sprouts. Other commonly served dishes include winter squash and sweet potatoes, the latter often prepared with sweeteners such as brown sugar, molasses, or marshmallows. Fresh, canned, or frozen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872143", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nThanksgiving dinner The centerpiece of contemporary Thanksgiving in the United States and Canada is a large meal, generally centered on a large roasted turkey. It is served with a variety of side dishes which vary from traditional dishes such as mashed potatoes, stuffing, and cranberry sauce, to ones that reflect regional or cultural heritage. The majority of the dishes in the traditional American version of Thanksgiving dinner are made from foods native to the New World, as according to tradition the Pilgrims received these foods, or learned how to grow them, from the Native Americans. Thanksgiving dinner is the largest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872159", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nwith pigeon peas) or arroz con maiz (rice with corn), pasteles (root tamales) stuffed with turkey, pumpkin-coconut crème caramel, corn bread with longaniza, potato salad, roasted white sweet potatoes and Spanish sparkling hard cider. Turkey in Puerto Rico is stuffed with mofongo. Cuban-Americans traditionally serve the turkey alongside a small roasted pork and include white rice and black beans or kidney beans. Vegetarians or vegans have been known to serve alternative entree centerpieces such as a large vegetable pie or a stuffed and baked pumpkin or tofu substitutes. Many Midwesterners (such as Minnesotans) of Norwegian or Scandinavian descent set the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11310763", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\nmillion Americans dining on the festive poultry, spending an expected $1.05 billion on turkeys for Thanksgiving in 2016. Mashed potatoes with gravy, stuffing, sweet potatoes, cranberry sauce, sweet corn, various fall vegetables, squash, Brussels sprouts and pumpkin pie are commonly associated with Thanksgiving dinner. Green bean casserole was introduced in 1955 and remains a favorite. All of these are actually native to the Americas or were introduced as a new food source to the Europeans when they arrived. Turkey may be an exception. In his book \"\"Mayflower\"\", Nathaniel Philbrick suggests that the Pilgrims might already have been familiar with turkey", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872158", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nMany African Americans and Southerners serve baked macaroni and cheese and collard greens, along with chitterlings and sweet potato pie, while some Italian-Americans often have lasagne on the table and Ashkenazi Jews may serve noodle kugel, a sweet dessert pudding. Other Jewish families may consume foods commonly associated with Hanukkah, such as latkes or a sufganiyah; the two holidays are usually in close proximity and on extremely rare occasions overlap. It is not unheard of for Mexican Americans to serve their turkey with mole and roasted corn. In Puerto Rico, the Thanksgiving meal is completed with arroz con gandules (rice", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872161", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\ndate to be one week before Thanksgiving beginning in 1985, and it is said to pair well with the wide variety of food served for Thanksgiving dinner. Thanksgiving marks the beginning of eggnog season. Thanksgiving dinner The centerpiece of contemporary Thanksgiving in the United States and Canada is a large meal, generally centered on a large roasted turkey. It is served with a variety of side dishes which vary from traditional dishes such as mashed potatoes, stuffing, and cranberry sauce, to ones that reflect regional or cultural heritage. The majority of the dishes in the traditional American version of Thanksgiving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872150", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nroasted. Sage is the traditional herb added to the stuffing, along with chopped celery, carrots, and onions. Other ingredients, such as chopped chestnuts or other tree nuts, crumbled sausage or bacon, cranberries, raisins, or apples, may be added to stuffing. If this mixture is prepared outside the bird, it may be known as dressing. Deep-fried turkey is rising in popularity due to its shorter preparation time, but carries safety risks. The consumption of turkey on Thanksgiving is so ingrained in American culture that each year since 1947, the National Turkey Federation has presented a live turkey to the President of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15084305", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (Canada)\"\nSunday of Thanksgiving weekend. While the actual Thanksgiving holiday is on a Monday, Canadians may gather for their Thanksgiving feast on any day during the long weekend; however, Sunday is considered the most common. Foods traditionally served at Thanksgiving include roasted turkey, stuffing, mashed potatoes with gravy, sweet potatoes, cranberry sauce, sweet corn, various autumn vegetables (mainly various kinds of squashes but also Brussels sprouts), and pumpkin pie. Baked ham and apple pie are also fairly common, and various regional dishes and desserts may also be served, including salmon, wild game, butter tarts, and Nanaimo bars. In Canadian football, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872153", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\ndeer hunting season in the Northeastern United States, which encourages the use of venison as a centerpiece. Vegetarians or vegans may have a tofu, wheat gluten or lentil-based substitute; or stuffed squash. In Alaskan villages, whale meat is sometimes eaten.Irish immigrants have been known to have prime rib of beef as their centerpiece since beef in Ireland was once a rarity; families would save up money for this dish to signify newfound prosperity and hope. Many Italian-Americans will serve capon as the main course to the Thanksgiving meal. In the United States, a globalist approach to Thanksgiving has become common", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872157", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\ndifferences as to the stuffing or dressing traditionally served with the turkey. The traditional version has bread cubes, sage, onion and celery. Southerners generally make their dressing from cornbread, while those in other parts of the country make stuffing from white, wheat or rye bread as the base. One or several of the following may be added to the dressing/stuffing: oysters, apples, chestnuts, raisins, and sausages or the turkey's giblets. Other dishes reflect the region or cultural background of those who have come together for the meal. For example, Sauerkraut (among those in the Mid-Atlantic; especially Baltimore) is sometimes served.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872144", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\neating event in the United States; people eat more on Thanksgiving than on any other day of the year. According to what traditionally is known as \"\"The First Thanksgiving,\"\" the 1621 feast between the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag at Plymouth Colony contained waterfowl, venison, ham, lobster, clams, berries, fruit, pumpkin, and squash. William Bradford noted that, \"\"besides waterfowl, there was great store of wild turkeys, of which they took many.\"\" Many of the foods that were included in the first feast (except, notably, the seafood) have since gone on to become staples of the \"\"modern\"\" Thanksgiving dinner. Early feasts of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872156", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\ncorn is popular and green beans are frequently served; in particular, green bean casserole, a product invented in 1955 by the Campbell Soup Company to promote use of its cream of mushroom soup, has become a Thanksgiving standard. A fresh salad may be included, especially on the West Coast. Bread rolls or biscuits and cornbread, especially in the South and parts of New England, are served. For dessert, various pies are usually served, particularly pumpkin pie, though apple pie, mincemeat pie, sweet potato pie, cherry pie, chocolate pie, and pecan pie are often served as well. There are also regional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872152", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nturkey. Sometimes, fowl native to the region where the meal is taking place is used; for example, an article in \"\"Texas Monthly\"\" magazine suggested quail as the main dish for a Texan Thanksgiving feast. John Madden, who appeared on television for the NFL Thanksgiving Day game from 1981 to 2001, frequently advocated his fondness for the turducken, deboned turkey, duck and chicken nested inside each other then cooked. In a few areas of the West Coast of the United States, Dungeness crab is common as an alternate main dish, as crab season starts in early November. Similarly, Thanksgiving falls within", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20690171", "chunk_text": "\"Turkey as food\"\ncombat obesity, turkey tails were banned from 2007 to 2013, only allowed back in Samoa to appease the demands of the World Trade Organization. For Thanksgiving in the United States, turkey is typically served stuffed or with dressing (on the side), with cranberry sauce and gravy. Common complementary dishes include mashed potatoes, corn on the cob, green beans, squash, and sweet potatoes. Pie is the usual dessert, especially those made from pumpkins, apples, or pecans. When eaten at Christmas in the United Kingdom, turkey is traditionally served with winter vegetables including roast potatoes, Brussels sprouts and parsnips. Cranberry sauce is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872148", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nholidays landed on Thursday in 1947. (Pumpkin pie was discouraged because it contained eggs.) The National Poultry and Egg Board furiously lobbied the President to cease promoting the plan; it culminated in a truce at the National Thanksgiving Turkey Presentation shortly before Thanksgiving. Turkey was no longer forbidden, but Eggless Thursdays remained for the rest of the year, meaning no pumpkin pie was served at the White House dinner that year. Turkey is the most common main dish of a Thanksgiving dinner, to the point where Thanksgiving is sometimes colloquially called “Turkey Day.” In 2006, American turkey growers were expected", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11310762", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\nthe Pilgrims who settled at Plymouth Plantation. It is continued in modern times with the Thanksgiving dinner, traditionally featuring turkey, playing a central role in the celebration of Thanksgiving. In the United States, certain kinds of food are traditionally served at Thanksgiving meals. Turkey, usually roasted and stuffed (but sometimes deep-fried instead), is typically the featured item on most Thanksgiving feast tables, so much so that Thanksgiving is also colloquially known as \"\"Turkey Day.\"\" In fact, 45 million turkeys were consumed on Thanksgiving Day alone in 2015. With 85 percent of Americans partaking in the meal, that's an estimated 276", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872154", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nwith the impact of immigration. Basic \"\"Thanksgiving\"\" ingredients, or the intent of the holiday, can be transformed to a variety of dishes by using flavors, techniques, and traditions from their own cuisines. Others celebrate the holiday with a variety of dishes particularly when there is a crowd to be fed, guests' tastes vary and considering the financial means available. Many offerings are typically served alongside the main dish—so many that, because of the amount of food, the Thanksgiving meal is sometimes served midday or early afternoon to make time for all the eating, and preparation may begin at dawn or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872151", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nthe United States prior to each Thanksgiving. These turkeys were initially slaughtered and eaten for the President's Thanksgiving dinner; since 1989, the presented turkeys have typically been given a mock pardon to great fanfare and sent to a park to live out the rest of their usually short natural lives. Non-traditional foods other than turkey are usually served as the main dish for a Thanksgiving dinner. Ham is often served alongside turkey in many non-traditional households. Goose and duck, foods which were traditional European centerpieces of Christmas dinners before being displaced, are now sometimes served in place of the Thanksgiving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3717582", "chunk_text": "\"United States\"\ncereal grain with about three-quarters of grain products made of wheat flour and many dishes use indigenous ingredients, such as turkey, venison, potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, squash, and maple syrup which were consumed by Native Americans and early European settlers. These homegrown foods are part of a shared national menu on one of America's most popular holidays; Thanksgiving, when some Americans make traditional foods to celebrate the occasion. Characteristic dishes such as apple pie, fried chicken, pizza, hamburgers, and hot dogs derive from the recipes of various immigrants. French fries, Mexican dishes such as burritos and tacos, and pasta dishes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872147", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nonions, parsnip fritters, olives, chicken salad, venison pastry, pumpkin pie, mince pie, Charlotte russe, almond ice cream, lemon jelly, hickory nut cake, cheese, fruits and coffee. Sugar, among other food commodities, was rationed from 1942 to 1946. In 1947, as part of a voluntary rationing campaign, the Harry Truman Administration attempted to promote \"\"Poultryless Thursdays,\"\" discouraging Americans from eating poultry or egg products on Thursdays. Because Thanksgiving is always on a Thursday, this meant that turkey and pumpkin pie, two Thanksgiving staples, were discouraged, not only for that holiday, but for Christmas and New Year's Day as well, since those", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6135716", "chunk_text": "Mofongo\nis accompanied by chicken broth soup, but braised meat has become more popular. It is also common in Puerto Rico to make mofongo with cassava (\"\"mofongo de yuca\"\"), taro and eddoe (\"\"mofongo de malanga y yautía\"\"), bread fruit (\"\"mofongo de pana\"\"), or a combination of cassava, ripe and green plantains (\"\"trifongo\"\"), ripe and unripe plantains (\"\"mofongo de amarillo\"\"). Thanksgiving is an American holiday that has been adopted by Puerto Rico. Turkey is the main focus on every thanksgiving table and is traditional stuffed with bread. The traditional bread stuffing is replaced with \"\"mofongo de batata\"\" (plantain and sweet potato mofongo)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1919710", "chunk_text": "Thanksgiving\nThanksgiving Thanksgiving Day is a national holiday celebrated on various dates in Canada, the United States, some of the Caribbean islands, and Liberia. It began as a day of giving thanks for the blessing of the harvest and of the preceding year. Similarly named festival holidays occur in Germany and Japan. Thanksgiving is celebrated on the second Monday of October in Canada and on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States, and around the same part of the year in other places. Although Thanksgiving has historical roots in religious and cultural traditions, it has long been celebrated as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872149", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nto raise 270 million turkeys, to be processed into five billion pounds of turkey meat valued at almost $8 billion, with one third of all turkey consumption occurring in the Thanksgiving-Christmas season, and a per capita consumption of almost . The Broad Breasted White turkey is particularly bred for Thanksgiving dinner and similar large feasts; its large size (specimens can grow to over 40 pounds) and meat content make it ideal for such situations, although the breed must be artificially bred and suffers from health problems due to its size. Most Thanksgiving turkeys are stuffed with a bread-based mixture and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872146", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\ntraditional dinner in New England. A Thanksgiving Day dinner served to the Civilian Conservation Corps in 1935 included: pickles, green olives, celery, roast turkey, oyster stew, cranberry sauce, giblet gravy, dressing, creamed asparagus tips, snowflake potatoes, baked carrots, hot rolls, fruit salad, mince meat pie, fruit cake, candies, grapes, apples, clams, fish, and many other food harvests. French drip coffee, cigars and cigarettes. The \"\"White House Cook Book\"\", 1887, by Mrs. F.L. Gillette, et al., had the following menu: oysters on half shell, cream of chicken soup, fried smelts, sauce tartare, roast turkey, cranberry sauce, mashed potatoes, baked squash, boiled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18940788", "chunk_text": "\"Turkey as food\"\n(flavored bread), cornbread, and sausage are the most traditional. Stuffing may either be used to stuff the turkey (as the name implies), or may be cooked separately and served as a side dish. Turkey as food Turkey meat, commonly referred to as just Turkey, is the meat from turkeys, typically domesticated turkeys. It is a popular poultry product, especially in North America where it is traditionally consumed as part of culturally significant events such as Thanksgiving and Christmas as well as in standard cuisine. Turkeys are sold sliced and ground, as well as \"\"whole\"\" in a manner similar to chicken", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14999974", "chunk_text": "Offal\nmeats\"\" or \"\"organ meats\"\" are used instead. In U.S culture, the consumption of organ meat is relatively uncommon, and sometimes even considered a taboo. However, some regional cuisines make extensive use of them. The derisive term \"\"mystery meat\"\" is often used to describe offal which have been ground or otherwise heavily processed in order to obscure its origin. In the United States, the giblets of chickens, turkeys and ducks are much more commonly consumed than the mammal offal. Traditional recipes for turkey gravy and stuffing typically include the bird's giblets (the traditional Thanksgiving meal in the US). Use of organs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3521183", "chunk_text": "Leftovers\nin the United States, it is customary to prepare much more food than necessary, specifically so the host can send leftovers home with guests. Cold turkey is archetypal in the United States as a Thanksgiving leftover, with turkey meat often reappearing in sandwiches, soups, and casseroles for several days after the feast. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Chinese cuisine gained a foothold in the United States with the opening of several chop suey restaurants. There is no set history of how American diners became enamored of \"\"chop suey\"\"—which means \"\"assorted pieces\"\" or \"\"miscellaneous leftovers\"\"—although it is unlikely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3020182", "chunk_text": "Gravy\n\"\"gravy\"\" does not include other thickened sauces. One of the most popular forms is onion gravy, which is eaten with sausages, Yorkshire pudding and roast meat. Throughout the United States, gravy is commonly eaten with Thanksgiving foods such as turkey, mashed potatoes and stuffing. One Southern United States variation is sausage gravy eaten with American biscuits. Another Southern US dish that has white gravy is chicken fried steak. Rice and gravy is a staple of Cajun and Creole cuisine in the southern US state of Louisiana. Gravy is an integral part of the Canadian dish poutine. It uses a mix", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15084337", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\nThanksgiving (United States) Thanksgiving is a national holiday in the United States, celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November. It originated as a harvest festival. Thanksgiving has been celebrated nationally on and off since 1789, with a proclamation by George Washington after a request by Congress. Thomas Jefferson chose not to observe the holiday, and its celebration was intermittent until the presidency of Abraham Lincoln, when Thanksgiving became a federal holiday in 1863, during the American Civil War. Lincoln proclaimed a national day of \"\"Thanksgiving and Praise to our beneficent Father who dwelleth in the Heavens,\"\" to be celebrated on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12069424", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\nin England, even though the bird is native to the Americas. The Spaniards had brought domesticated turkeys back from Central America in the early 17th century, and the birds soon became popular fare all over Europe, including England, where turkey (as an alternative to the traditional goose) became a \"\"fixture at English Christmases\"\". The Pilgrims did not observe Christmas. As a result of the size of Thanksgiving dinner, Americans eat more food on Thanksgiving than on any other day of the year. Thanksgiving was founded as a religious observance for all the members of the community to give thanks to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19764972", "chunk_text": "\"Rice and gravy\"\nof meat become tender. Beef, pork, chicken or any other meat can be used in its preparation. Fattier cuts of beef and pork, as well as chicken, squirrel, rabbit, turkey necks, wild pig, and duck lend themselves more easily to the making of the gravy, while venison and leaner cuts of beef and pork are more difficult to make tender, but can be helped by adding andouille sausage or cured pork tasso to the dish during the browning or smothering process. Often the meat is cooked with the Cajun holy trinity, a mirepoix variant of onions, bell peppers, and celery", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13573607", "chunk_text": "\"Pilgrim (sandwich)\"\nPilgrim (sandwich) A Pilgrim or Puritan is a sandwich which has connotations with the American Pilgrim Fathers and Thanksgiving Day. It was a traditional way of using up leftover food from Thanksgiving Day and thus is composed essentially of bread slices or a bap, into which are placed sliced roast turkey, cranberries or cranberry sauce and cheddar cheese. There is an enormous variation in its composition with a huge range of ingredients being employed in some sandwiches and a great variation of ingredients between recipes. At its most basic it can be two slices of bread with slices of turkey,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872160", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\ntable with lefse. The beverages at Thanksgiving can vary as much as the side dishes, often depending on who is present at the table and their tastes. Spirits or cocktails sometimes may be served before the main meal. On the dinner table, unfermented apple cider (still or sparkling) or wine are often served. Pitchers of sweet tea can often be found on Southern tables . Beaujolais nouveau is sometimes served; the beverage has been marketed as a Thanksgiving drink since the producers of the wine (which is made available only for a short window each year) set the annual release", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614222", "chunk_text": "\"American cuisine\"\ntribes, the Native American tribes of New England prized wild turkeys as a source of sustenance and later Anglophone settlers were enamored of cooking them using methods they knew from Europe: often that meant trussing the bird and spinning it on a string or spit roasting. Today turkey meat is a key ingredient in soups, and also a favorite in several sandwiches like the Pilgrim. For lunch, hot roast beef is sometimes chopped finely into small pieces and put on a roll with salami and American or provolone cheese to make a steak bomb. Bacon is often maple cured, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17545690", "chunk_text": "\"Turkey as food\"\nTurkey as food Turkey meat, commonly referred to as just Turkey, is the meat from turkeys, typically domesticated turkeys. It is a popular poultry product, especially in North America where it is traditionally consumed as part of culturally significant events such as Thanksgiving and Christmas as well as in standard cuisine. Turkeys are sold sliced and ground, as well as \"\"whole\"\" in a manner similar to chicken with the head, feet, and feathers removed. Frozen whole turkeys remain popular. Sliced turkey is frequently used as a sandwich meat or served as cold cuts; in some cases where recipes call for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12069426", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\nfirst Thursday in November would become its regular day for giving thanks\"\". The tradition of giving thanks to God is continued today in many forms, most notably the attendance of religious services, as well as the saying of a mealtime prayer before Thanksgiving dinner. Many houses of worship offer worship services and events on Thanksgiving themes the weekend before, the day of, or the weekend after Thanksgiving. At home, it is a holiday tradition in many families to begin the Thanksgiving dinner by saying grace (a prayer before or after a meal). The custom is portrayed in the photograph \"\"Family", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18215669", "chunk_text": "\"Turkey as food\"\nthe traditional condiment in the northern rural areas of the United Kingdom where wild cranberries grow. In the south and in urban areas, where cranberries until recently were difficult to obtain, bread sauce was used in its place, but the availability of commercial cranberry sauce has seen a rise in its popularity in these areas too. Sometimes sausage meat, cocktail sausages or liver wrapped in bacon is also served (known as bacon rolls or \"\"pigs in blankets\"\"). Especially during holiday seasons, stuffing, also known as dressing, is traditionally served with turkey. There are many varieties: oatmeal, chestnut, sage and onion", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17545694", "chunk_text": "\"Turkey as food\"\nstuffed turkey). Turkey meat has been eaten by indigenous peoples from Mexico, Central America and the southern tier of the United States since antiquity. In the 15th century, Spanish Conquistadors took Aztec turkeys back to Europe. Turkey was eaten as such as early as the 16th century in England. Before the 20th century, pork ribs were the most common food for the North American holidays, as the animals were usually slaughtered in November. Turkeys were once so abundant in the wild that they were eaten throughout the year, the food considered commonplace, whereas pork ribs were rarely available outside of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1313003", "chunk_text": "Thanksgivukkah\napplesauce. Others focused on sweet potato latkes, latke-crusted turkey cutlets, stuffing a turkey with challah bread, pecan pie rugelach, turkey doughnuts, pumpkin kugel, sufganiyot filled or topped with a sweet cranberry or apple compote or canned pumpkin, and sweet potato, prune and carrot tzimmes. Lower Manhattan restaurant Kutsher’s Tribeca announced that it would serve a three-course Thanksgivukkah dinner, including sweet potato latkes topped with melted marshmallows. The Manischewitz company launched a multimillion-dollar multimedia campaign in support of the holiday. Chicago chef and 2013 Kosherfest honoree Laura Frankel, Executive Chef at Spertus Institute for Jewish Learning and Leadership, curated a menu", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12069403", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\nThe most prominent historic thanksgiving event in American popular culture is the 1621 celebration at the Plymouth Plantation, where the settlers held a harvest feast after a successful growing season. Autumn or early winter feasts continued sporadically in later years, first as an impromptu religious observance and later as a civil tradition. The Plymouth settlers, known as Pilgrims, had settled in land abandoned when all but one of the Patuxet Indians died in a plague. After a harsh winter killed half of the Plymouth settlers, the last surviving Patuxet, Squanto (who had learned English and avoided the plague as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9842139", "chunk_text": "Thanksgiving\nAmerican occupation after World War II, cites it as an occasion for commemorating labor and production and giving one another thanks. It has roots in an ancient Shinto harvest ceremony (). The Harvest Festival of Thanksgiving does not have an official date in the United Kingdom; however, it is traditionally held on or near the Sunday of the harvest moon that occurs closest to the autumnal equinox. Harvest Thanksgiving in Britain also has pre-Christian roots when the Saxons would offer the first sheaf of barley, oats, or wheat to fertility gods. When the harvest was finally collected, communities would come", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15872145", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving dinner\"\nthe Order of Good Cheer, a French Canadian predecessor to the modern Thanksgiving, featured a potluck dinner with freshly-hunted fowl, game, and fish, hunted and shared by both French Canadians and local natives. The use of the turkey in the US for Thanksgiving precedes Lincoln's nationalization of the holiday in 1863. Alexander Hamilton proclaimed that no \"\"Citizen of the United States should refrain from turkey on Thanksgiving Day,\"\" and Benjamin Franklin had high regard for the wild turkey as an American icon, but turkey was uncommon as Thanksgiving fare until after 1800. By 1857, turkey had become part of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15084376", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\non Thanksgiving itself. The lower divisions of the game, including all of Divisions II and III, the NAIA, club football and the rest of the Championship Subdivision (except the Ivy League, whose season ends before Thanksgiving), are in the midst of playoff tournaments over Thanksgiving weekend. Some high school football games (which include some state championship games), and informal \"\"Turkey Bowl\"\" contests played by amateur groups and organizations, are frequently held on Thanksgiving weekend. Games of football preceding or following the meal in the backyard or a nearby field are also common during many family gatherings. Amateur games typically follow", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9208503", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\nto the Civil War and commemorated the British withdrawal from the United States after the American Revolution. During the second half of the 19th century, Thanksgiving traditions in America varied from region to region. A traditional New England Thanksgiving, for example, consisted of a raffle held on Thanksgiving Eve (in which the prizes were mainly geese or turkeys), a shooting match on Thanksgiving morning (in which turkeys and chickens were used as targets), church services—and then the traditional feast, which consisted of some familiar Thanksgiving staples such as turkey and pumpkin pie, and some not-so-familiar dishes such as pigeon pie.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9842142", "chunk_text": "Thanksgiving\nday of Poushya Purnima as per saka calender for western odisha and this day is marked as thanksgiving to the mother nature for good harvest and celebrated by making regional food items cultivated and harvested by the farmers. Thanksgiving Thanksgiving Day is a national holiday celebrated on various dates in Canada, the United States, some of the Caribbean islands, and Liberia. It began as a day of giving thanks for the blessing of the harvest and of the preceding year. Similarly named festival holidays occur in Germany and Japan. Thanksgiving is celebrated on the second Monday of October in Canada", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2576948", "chunk_text": "Stuffing\ndishes are sometimes served on special occasions. See gooducken and turducken. Almost anything can serve as a stuffing. Many popular Anglo-American stuffings contain bread or cereals, usually together with vegetables, herbs and spices, and eggs. Middle Eastern vegetable stuffings may be based on seasoned rice, on minced meat, or a combination thereof. Other stuffings may contain only vegetables and herbs. Some types of stuffing contain sausage meat, or forcemeat, while vegetarian stuffings sometimes contain tofu. Roast pork is often accompanied by sage and onion stuffing in England; roast poultry in a Christmas dinner may be stuffed with sweet chestnuts. Oysters", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16847320", "chunk_text": "Nanomonestotse\nmeal. The meal often features foods native to the Americas, such as corn, peanuts, sweet potatoes, chili peppers, cranberries, pumpkin and squash. In northern latitudes, First Nations tribes often celebrate this communal holiday with a pemmican feast or festival. During the week, friends and families greet other saying: \"\"May peace dwell in our village.\"\" Nanomonestotse Nanomonestotse is an autumn celebration of peace, observed within some Native American families. The word \"\"nanomónestôtse\"\" (pronounced NAH-noh-MAH-nay-STOHT-say) means \"\"peace\"\" in the Cheyenne language. Nanomonestotse traces its roots back to the early 1900s and a Native American woman named Marion Young, who is credited with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16161126", "chunk_text": "\"American football on Thanksgiving\"\nare often called a Turkey Day Game or a Turkey Bowl (not to be confused with Turkey bowling), as Americans typically eat turkeys on Thanksgiving, although the title varies with each game. Most commonly these games are between high school football rivalries although in many cases, when poor weather requires a shorter season, the game can be the culmination of league play among a high-school league, in which the winners of this game will be the league champions for the year. (Statewide playoffs were generally rare until the 1970s and 1980s, which allowed for longer regular seasons.) The custom dates", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12129338", "chunk_text": "\"Pumpkin soup\"\nPumpkin soup Pumpkin soup is a usually bound soup made from a puree of pumpkin. It is made by combining the meat of a blended pumpkin with broth or stock. It can be served hot or cold, and is a popular Thanksgiving dish in the United States. Various versions of the dish are known in many European countries, the United States and other areas of North America, and in Australia. Pumpkin soup was a staple for the prisoners of war in North Vietnamese prison camps during the Vietnam War. Squash soup is a soup prepared using squash as a primary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11310798", "chunk_text": "\"Thanksgiving (United States)\"\ntook advantage of their employers' broadband Internet connections to do online shopping and retailers began offering sales to meet the demand. Giving Tuesday takes place on the Tuesday after Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving (United States) Thanksgiving is a national holiday in the United States, celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November. It originated as a harvest festival. Thanksgiving has been celebrated nationally on and off since 1789, with a proclamation by George Washington after a request by Congress. Thomas Jefferson chose not to observe the holiday, and its celebration was intermittent until the presidency of Abraham Lincoln, when Thanksgiving became a federal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_229	when is the next episode of flash airing?	n/a	[ "May 8, 2018" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160180", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nfrom Earth-X. \"\"Arrow\"\" actor David Ramsey appears as John Diggle, as well as DeVoe's Diggle disguise earlier in the twenty-second episode. The season began airing on October 10, 2017, on The CW in the United States, and on CTV in Canada. The season concluded on May 22, 2018. Sky One acquired the rights to air the season in the UK & Ireland, airing it alongside the other Arrowverse shows. The season premiered October 17. In July 2017, cast from the series appeared at San Diego Comic-Con International to promote the season, where exclusive footage was shown. During the panel, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160163", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nThe Flash (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017, and ran for 23 episodes until May 22, 2018. The season follows a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who fights criminals, including others who have also gained superhuman abilities. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\". The season is produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros. Television, and DC Entertainment, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5962826", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nin the history of The CW, after \"\"The Vampire Diaries\"\" in 2009. It has been well received by critics and audiences, and won the People's Choice Award for \"\"Favorite New TV Drama\"\" in 2014. The series, together with \"\"Arrow\"\", has spun characters out to their own show, \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which premiered on January 21, 2016. On April 2, 2018, The CW renewed the series for a fifth season, which premiered on October 9, 2018. In season one, after witnessing his mother's supernatural murder, Barry Allen is taken in by Detective Joe West and his family. Barry becomes a brilliant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10224706", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nThe Flash (season 5) The fifth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 9, 2018 and is set to consist of 22 episodes. The season follows Barry, a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who fights criminals, including others who have also gained superhuman abilities, as he deals with the consequences of his future daughter's time traveling. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\". The season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8155557", "chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (TV series)\"\nLightning\"\". In February 2017, Fox passed on the series, with it being picked up by The CW with a new script for the pilot. The CW officially ordered the series in May 2017. The first season premiered on January 16, 2018, for a 13-episode run. On April 2, 2018, The CW renewed the show for a second season, which premiered on October 9, 2018. High school principal Jefferson Pierce, who retired from his superhero persona Black Lightning nine years ago after seeing the effects it had on his family, is forced to become a vigilante again when the rise of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10224715", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nseason also introduces Barry's \"\"Flash ring\"\" from the comics. The new suit adopts brighter colors than previous suits – which had maroon overtones – and, unlike prior incarnations, does not have a chin strap. Production for the season began on July 6, 2018, in Vancouver, British Columbia, and is set to conclude on April 10, 2019. Kevin Smith will direct an episode of the season. Danielle Panabaker will make her directorial debut this season. Tom Cavanagh directed the eighth episode of the season, which served as the 100th episode of the series and led into the annual crossover. Due to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16417100", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nMartin's back injury, the majority of his scenes were shot depicting Joe seated. In May 2018, \"\"Arrow\"\" star Stephen Amell announced at The CW upfronts that the next Arrowverse crossover would feature Batwoman and Gotham City. The crossover \"\"Elseworlds\"\" is slated to launch a 2019 solo series for the character. The season premiered on The CW in the United States on October 9, 2018. The annual crossover episode will swap time-slots with \"\"Supergirl\"\" for that week and will air on Sunday, December 9. The main cast of the season as well as executive producer Todd Helbing attended San Diego Comic-Con", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160186", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nDoviak gave the finale a B+, praising the light tone and character moments, while adding that \"\"None of this can make up for the long stretches of mediocrity this year, but at least it doesn’t leave me with a bad taste in my mouth.\"\" General references The Flash (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017, and ran for 23 episodes until May 22, 2018. The season follows a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19576874", "chunk_text": "\"What's Past Is Prologue (The Flash)\"\n\"\"Supergirl\"\" co-showrunner Robert Rovner added that the tease was only supposed to air with \"\"The Flash\"\"s eight episode, before being added to the other two episodes to make things easier for viewers since they \"\"are coming to [the crossover] from our separate shows and we wanted something that [connects them together].\"\" \"\"What's Past is Prologue\"\" was first aired in the United States on The CW on December 4, 2018. It became available for streaming on Netflix in Canada on December 6, 2018, while it was first aired in the United Kingdom on Sky One on December 6, as well. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8855446", "chunk_text": "\"Nora (The Flash episode)\"\nNora (The Flash episode) \"\"Nora\"\" is the first episode of the fifth season, and 93rd episode overall of the CW series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Todd Helbing & Sam Chalsen and directed by David McWhirter. It first aired on The CW on October 9, 2018. This episode marks the first appearance of Jessica Parker Kennedy as Nora West-Allen as a main character after making numerous cameos last season. Team Flash meet Nora, Barry and Iris' daughter from the future. While Iris expresses excitement, Barry is concerned that she could alter the timeline based on his own mistakes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "537610", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\non July 21, 2018 to promote the season. Starting on September 14, 2018, several billboards advertising Ralph Dibny as a private investigator were seen around Vancouver, the city where the show is filmed. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 93% approval rating for the fifth season with an average rating of 7.96/10, based on 132 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"\"\"\"The Flash\"\"s fifth season maintains the show's high standard for compelling visuals, chilling villains, and well-scripted moments of humor, but also turns a more focused gaze on the role of family dynamics amongst the increasingly complex characters.\"\" Reviewing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160178", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nblack market of metahuman supervillains. Filming for the season began on July 4, 2017, in Vancouver, British Columbia, and concluded on April 21, 2018. Kevin Smith returned to direct an episode in January 2018. In August 2017, series composer Blake Neely and Nathaniel Blume began to compose the music for the fourth season. In May 2017, The CW president Mark Pedowitz officially announced plans for a four-show Arrowverse crossover event, crossing over episodes of the television series \"\"Supergirl\"\", \"\"The Flash\"\", \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", and \"\"Arrow\"\". The crossover, \"\"Crisis on Earth-X\"\", began with \"\"Supergirl\"\" and a special airing of \"\"Arrow\"\" on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19576859", "chunk_text": "\"What's Past Is Prologue (The Flash)\"\n1990 television series in a pre-credits scene that ties-in with the Arrowverse crossover \"\"Elseworlds\"\". \"\"What's Past Is Prologue\"\" originally aired on The CW on December 4, 2018, and was watched by 1.78 million viewers according to Nielsen Media Research. The episode received a positive critical response. Barry Allen and Nora West-Allen time travel to gather items to stop Cicada; a highly magnetic alloy from Savitar's armor, dark matter, and Harry Wells' Speed Force transmitter to transfer dark matter into the armor piece. They first travel to Barry's final battle against Savitar. After a Time Wraith appears, Barry distracts it so", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17398980", "chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (season 2)\"\nBlack Lightning (season 2) The second season of the American television series \"\"Black Lightning\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Jefferson Pierce / Black Lightning, premiered on The CW on October 9, 2018 and will consist of 16 episodes. The season continues to follow Jefferson, a high school principal who recently re-emerged from retirement as the superhero Black Lightning, as he fights against the rising crime and corruption propagated by the local gang called The 100 in his community of Freeland. The season is produced by Berlanti Productions, Akil Productions, Warner Bros. Television, and DC Entertainment, with Salim", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2399562", "chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nWaterTower Music containing the songs featured the episode. After beginning in the ending scene of the March 20, 2017 episode of \"\"Supergirl\"\", \"\"Duet\"\" aired in the United States on The CW on March 21, 2017. It was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV Two. In early March 2017, a promotional poster for the episode was released, with it being marketed as \"\"Dynamic Duet\"\", a play on words of the phrase \"\"dynamic duo\"\". In Australia, where \"\"The Flash\"\" and \"\"Supergirl\"\" both air on Fox8, the crossover was marketed as a two-night event called \"\"DC Musical Crossover\"\". Jesse Schedeen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11280014", "chunk_text": "\"Crisis on Earth-X\"\ntrailers for the event were released throughout November, before the full trailer was released on November 20. All four episodes and the behind-the-scenes featurette \"\"Inside the Crossover: Crisis on Earth-X\"\", were released on Blu-ray and DVD in Region 1 along with the rest of \"\"Arrow\"\"s sixth season on August 14, 2018, with \"\"The Flash\"\"s fourth season on August 23, with \"\"Supergirl\"\"s third season on September 18, and with \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\"s third season on September 25. The four episodes were released together on a separate DVD on September 3, 2018 in Region 2, and September 5 in Region 4. Unlike", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160182", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nlatest.\"\" Collider's Allison Keene also noted Iris \"\"getting an actual storyline\"\" with Barry gone, and similarly presumed that he \"\"[would] be back in the fold by the end of the first episode\"\" alike to Flashpoint in the third season. She added, \"\"There are some new foes, lots of action, plenty of tech — it's great!\"\" The season was made available for streaming on Netflix in late May 2018, soon after the season finale aired. It will be released on Blu-ray on August 28, 2018. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 76% approval rating with an average rating of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5962861", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\n\"\"Supergirl\"\" novels. The first, \"\"The Flash: Hocus Pocus\"\", was released on October 3, 2017. The novel takes place in an alternate timeline where the show's \"\"Flashpoint\"\" event never occurred, and The Flash must fight a villain known as Hocus Pocus who can control the minds and actions of people. A sequel, \"\"The Flash: Johnny Quick\"\" was released on April 3, 2018, as well as a third novel, titled \"\"The Flash: The Tornado Twins\"\", on October 2, 2018. On October 21, 2016, \"\"The Art and Making of The Flash\"\" by Abbie Bernstein was released. This is a 160-page behind-the-scenes book with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10279911", "chunk_text": "\"Elseworlds (Arrowverse)\"\nnormally airs on Tuesdays at 8 pm, and \"\"Supergirl\"\", which normally airs on Sundays at 8 pm, swapped time-slots for the crossover. The first teasers for the crossover aired on November 12 and 13, 2018, during episodes of \"\"Arrow\"\" and \"\"The Flash\"\", respectively. On November 16, DC Comics released a poster for the event in the style of a comics cover, drawn by Amy Reeder. An additional teaser for the first episode aired during the November 18 episode of \"\"Supergirl\"\", and a week later, the official trailer was released. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100% approval rating", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20566291", "chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (season 1)\"\nBlack Lightning (season 1) The first season of the American television series \"\"Black Lightning\"\", based on the DC Comics character Jefferson Pierce / Black Lightning, premiered on The CW on January 16, 2018 and ran for 13 episodes until April 17, 2018. The season introduces us to Jefferson Pierce, a high school principal who retired from his superhero identity Black Lightning nine years ago after seeing the effects it had on his family, is forced to become a hero again when the rise of the local gang called The 100 leads to increased crime and corruption in his community of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20963024", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 3)\"\n\"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" on November 28. The third season began airing on October 10, 2017 on The CW in the United States, and concluded on April 9, 2018. The season was made available for streaming on Netflix in late April 2018, soon after the season finale aired. It was released on Blu-Ray on September 25, 2018. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100% approval rating with an average rating of 8.27/10 based on 13 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"\"\"\"DC's Legends of Tomorrow\"\" lightens up the tone in its third season while spotlighting adventurous plots and a distinct", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18102809", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 3)\"\nLegends of Tomorrow (season 3) The third season of the American television series \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which is based on characters from DC Comics, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017 and ran for 18 episodes until April 9, 2018. The season follows the Legends, a dysfunctional team of time-traveling superheroes and anti-heroes, and their mission to correct anachronisms in time that they unintentionally caused. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\" and \"\"The Flash\"\". The season is produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17363574", "chunk_text": "\"Flash in other media\"\nthat the film was rumored to be released in 2016 but it has not been announced. In October 2014, Warner Bros. announced \"\"The Flash\"\" would be released in 2018 as the sixth installment of the DC Extended Universe. Ezra Miller was cast to play the title role of Barry Allen. However, the Flash project had been renamed 'Flashpoint' and has tentatively been moved to an unspecified 2020 release date but possibly even later making it, at a minimum, the eleventh installment of the DC Extended Universe instead of the sixth. The Flash's first appearance in the DCEU happened in \"\"\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12137320", "chunk_text": "\"Static Shock\"\non January 30, 2018; and the fourth on April 13, 2018. Starting in September 2018, all episodes of the series have been made available on the DC Universe digital streaming service. \"\"Static Shock\"\"s episodes handle a variety of issues, including gangs, gun violence, homelessness, bullying, racism, mental illness, bigotry, and drugs. Other episodes also featured the subject of Chanukah and Christmas celebrations. The series was also marked by several crossover episodes with characters from the DC animated universe like Superman, Green Lantern, the Justice League, and the \"\"Batman Beyond\"\" cast. Several episodes also featured guest voice actors, including basketballers (like", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2399564", "chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nGustin and Benoist and that Gustin was able to \"\"reconnect with the character's endearing side.\"\" Von Doviak concluded, \"\"It's probably logistically untenable for them to ever be more than 'super friends,' but if this show ever needed the positive energy they generate together, now was certainly the time.\"\" Duet (The Flash) \"\"Duet\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which aired on March 21, 2017. The episode was written by Aaron Helbing and Todd Helbing from a story by Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg, and was directed by Dermott Daniel Downs. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10241029", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 4)\"\npm Monday time-slot to the 9:00 pm time-slot, to serve as the lead-out to \"\"Arrow\"\". The season began airing in the United States on The CW on October 22, 2018. The main cast of the season as well as Phil Klemmer attended San Diego Comic-Con on July 21, 2018, to promote the season. On October 15, 2018, Routh released a mock political ad on his Twitter page, voiced by Zano. The ad jokingly claimed that \"\"Arrow\"\", \"\"The Flash\"\", and \"\"Supergirl\"\" were trying to keep attention away from \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", followed by many headlines as well as real and fake", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8883228", "chunk_text": "\"Gorilla City (The Flash)\"\ntheir performances. Due to a prolonged snowfall in Vancouver, filming of the \"\"Gorilla City\"\" scenes had to be moved south of the original site. Visual effects for both episodes were handled by Encore Post. According to post-production producer Jeff Garrett, episodes with Grodd cost 50 percent more than other Flash episodes. The first part, \"\"Attack on Gorilla City\"\", aired on February 21, 2017, and concluded with part two, \"\"Attack on Central City\"\", on February 28, both on The CW. The event was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV for the first part, after which the series moved", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18818425", "chunk_text": "\"Invasion! (Arrowverse)\"\na separate DVD on August 17, 2017 in Region 2 and September 20 in Region 4. The episodes are available for streaming on Netflix and The CW app in the United States. \"\"Invasion!\"\" gave the CW its most-watched week in six years. \"\"The Flash\"\" episode had a season-three-high viewership (the series' largest since December 9, 2014) and a season-three-high 18–49 rating, the highest since February 16, 2016. The episode improved 40 and 36 percent in viewership and the 18–49 rating, respectively, on the previous episode, \"\"Killer Frost\"\". It increased by five percent in total viewers and seven percent in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160179", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nNovember 27, 2017, and concluded on \"\"The Flash\"\" and \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" on November 28. In August 2017, Berlanti noted that it would be \"\"a big life event for a few different people\"\" that would bring them all together for the crossover, adding \"\"There are many life events that happen.\"\" Prior to that, \"\"Arrow\"\" actress Emily Bett Rickards appears as Felicity Smoak in the fifth episode of the season. Following the crossover, Katie Cassidy (who has previously appeared on \"\"The Flash\"\" as both Laurel Lance and Black Siren) appears in the nineteenth episode as Siren-X, an alternate version of Laurel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2907148", "chunk_text": "Arrowverse\nactions of people. A sequel, \"\"The Flash: Johnny Quick\"\" was released on April 3, 2018, as well as a third novel known as \"\"The Flash: The Tornado Twins\"\" slated for a release on October 2, 2018. The second of these trilogies began in November, 2017 with \"\"Supergirl: Age of Atlantis\"\". The novel features Supergirl dealing with a surge of new powered people in National City, as well as a mysterious humanoid sea creature captured by the DEO who is seemingly attracted by the new superpowered people. A sequel, \"\"Supergirl: Curse of the Ancients\"\", was released on May 1, 2018, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7204354", "chunk_text": "\"Flash vs. Arrow\"\nAmell, Gustin, David Ramsey, Emily Bett Rickards, Danielle Panabaker and Carlos Valdes were joined by executive producers Berlanti, Kreisberg and Guggenheim for a Q&A panel. The first part of the crossover, \"\"The Flash\"\", was broadcast on December 2, 2014, followed by part two on \"\"Arrow\"\" on December 3, both on The CW. The crossover was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV. It first aired in the United Kingdom on Channel 5 on December 16 and December 18, 2014. In Australia, the episodes aired back-to-back on January 28, 2015, on Fox8, after Nine Network, which broadcasts \"\"Arrow\"\", allowed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3004674", "chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (season 2)\"\nit was reported that Erika Alexander had booked a three-episode recurring role as Jennifer's telepathic therapist, Perenna. On November 13, RJ Cyler was cast in the recurring role of Todd Green. Production for the season began on June 26, 2018 in Atlanta, Georgia. In May 2018, it was announced that \"\"Black Lightning\"\", which served as a mid-season entry in its first season, would debut in the fall for its second. The season premiered on The CW in the United States on October 9, 2018. In November, it was announced that the series would move to airing on Mondays for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18368672", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\nwhich premiered on October 22, 2018. Time Master Rip Hunter goes rogue after Vandal Savage murders Hunter's family. Intending to stop Savage, Hunter recruits a team consisting of Ray Palmer / Atom, Sara Lance / White Canary, Martin Stein and Jefferson \"\"Jax\"\" Jackson, who combine to form the hero Firestorm, Kendra Saunders / Hawkgirl, Carter Hall / Hawkman, Leonard Snart / Captain Cold, and Mick Rory / Heat Wave. They discover that the Time Masters are backing Savage in his domination of the world in 2166 to facilitate a successful repulsion of a Thanagarian invasion. Due to Snart's sacrifice, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8155560", "chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (TV series)\"\nshow for a second season, which premiered on October 9, 2018. Salim Akil stated that \"\"Black Lightning\"\" would not follow the villain of the week format or be a procedural, because he wanted to \"\"explore the characters, even the villains\"\". In late February 2017, Cress Williams was cast as Jefferson Pierce / Black Lightning, followed a month later by the casting of China Anne McClain and Nafessa Williams as his daughters, Jennifer Pierce and Anissa Pierce, respectively, and Christine Adams was cast as Lynn Pierce, Jefferson's ex-wife. At the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con International, it was announced that James Remar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18020597", "chunk_text": "\"Elseworlds (Arrowverse)\"\nElseworlds (Arrowverse) \"\"Elseworlds\"\" is the fifth annual Arrowverse crossover event, featuring episodes of the live-action television series \"\"The Flash\"\", \"\"Arrow\"\", and \"\"Supergirl\"\" on The CW. The crossover began on December 9, 2018, with \"\"The Flash\"\", continued on \"\"Arrow\"\" on December 10, and concluded on \"\"Supergirl\"\" on December 11. \"\"Elseworlds\"\" introduces the characters Batwoman and Lois Lane to the universe, as well as the fictional Gotham City. In the crossover, Green Arrow, Flash, and Supergirl are drawn to Gotham City to confront Dr. John Deegan over his work at Arkham Asylum. The crossover was confirmed in May 2018 at The CW's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1372113", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nis produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros. Television, and DC Entertainment, with Todd Helbing serving as showrunner. The season was ordered in April 2018, and production began that July. Grant Gustin stars as Barry, with principal cast members Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin also returning from previous seasons, while Hartley Sawyer, Danielle Nicolet, and Jessica Parker Kennedy were promoted to series regulars from their recurring statuses in season four. They are joined by new cast member Chris Klein. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Danielle Panabaker will direct the eighteenth episode of the season. Rebecca Johnson and Kevin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6682164", "chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (season 2)\"\nbe an engaging character-led series.\"\" Kyle Fowle of \"\"The A.V. Club\"\" gave the premiere an \"\"A-\"\" grade, noting, \"\"One of the reasons the first season was so compelling was that the show made the political personal. That’s once again evident here, as there’s a wonderful sense of the larger community throughout the premiere.\"\" Black Lightning (season 2) The second season of the American television series \"\"Black Lightning\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Jefferson Pierce / Black Lightning, premiered on The CW on October 9, 2018 and will consist of 16 episodes. The season continues to follow Jefferson,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "553659", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 4)\"\nLegends of Tomorrow (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which is based on characters from DC Comics, premiered on The CW on October 22, 2018, and is set to consist of 16 episodes. The season follows the Legends, a dysfunctional team of time-traveling superheroes and anti-heroes, and their mission to recapture the magical fugitives that they accidentally released throughout time. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\" and \"\"The Flash\"\". The season is produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160164", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nAndrew Kreisberg and Todd Helbing serving as showrunners. The season was ordered in January 2017, and filming began that July. Grant Gustin stars as Barry, with principal cast members Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Keiynan Lonsdale, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin also returning from previous seasons, and are joined by Neil Sandilands. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The series was renewed for a fourth season on January 8, 2017, earlier than usual for the series. Executive producer Andrew Kreisberg said on this, \"\"The great thing about our dear friends at The CW and Mark Pedowitz picking the shows up as early as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5822848", "chunk_text": "\"Young Justice (TV series)\"\nreturning for a third season, titled , which will premiere in early 2019. On November 17, 2018, a teaser trailer for the upcoming season revealed that it would be released on January 4, 2019. \"\"Young Justice\"\" focuses on the lives of a group of teenage sidekicks attempting to establish themselves as proven superheroes as they deal with normal adolescent issues in their personal lives. The show corresponds to the present time of our world, a time period Vietti has called \"\"a new age of heroes\"\". Robin, Aqualad, Kid Flash, and Speedy (Later revealed to be a clone of the original", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20707521", "chunk_text": "\"Freedom Fighters: The Ray\"\nappearance in the animated series line up more with the way Russell actually looks. There was just no way to turn those kind of changes around and release it before the crossover. It was just more important to have Russell's voice in the series than it was to get it out early\"\". \"\"Freedom Fighters: The Ray\"\" premiered on CW Seed on December 8, 2017, releasing the first six episodes of the series. The next six episodes, marketed as the second season, was released on July 18, 2018, after debuting at the 2018 San Diego Comic-Con. In June 2018, it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2103194", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\na series regular since his introduction in the second season, following the character's move to \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" during the previous season and Lonsdale's subsequent departure from that show as well. He will appear only in three episodes, including the season premiere. In June 2018, Danielle Nicolet, Hartley Sawyer, and Jessica Parker Kennedy, who recurred during the previous season as Cecile Horton, Ralph Dibny / Elongated Man, and Nora West-Allen, respectively, were promoted to series regulars for the fifth season. Nicolet had additionally guest-starred at the end of the first season and had been recurring in the series since the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10983659", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 2)\"\nTelevision, and DC Entertainment, with Andrew Kreisberg, Gabrielle Stanton, Aaron Helbing, and Todd Helbing serving as showrunners. The season was ordered in January 2015, and filmed from that July to the following April in Vancouver. Grant Gustin stars as Barry, alongside principal cast members Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin also returning from the first season, and are joined by Keiynan Lonsdale. This season also introduces characters from \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which was being developed as a spin-off. The first episode of the season premiered on October 6, 2015, with the season, consisting of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13127505", "chunk_text": "\"Gorilla City (The Flash)\"\n21, 2017 with \"\"Attack on Gorilla City\"\", and concluded on February 28 with \"\"Attack on Central City\"\". The first episode was written by Aaron Helbing and David Kob from a story by Andrew Kreisberg, and the second episode was written by Benjamin Raab and Deric A. Hughes from a story by Todd Helbing. Both episodes were directed by Dermott Daniel Downs. Grant Gustin portrays Barry Allen / Flash, joined by series regulars Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Tom Cavanagh, Jesse L. Martin and Keiynan Lonsdale and recurring cast members Tom Felton, Violett Beane, and Jessica Camacho. Keith David and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7179374", "chunk_text": "\"Supergirl (season 4)\"\nthe next Arrowverse crossover would feature Batwoman and Gotham City. The crossover \"\"Elseworlds\"\" is slated to launch a 2019 solo series for the character. In May 2018, it was announced that \"\"Supergirl\"\", which had aired on Mondays since its debut, would move to Sundays for its fourth season due to The CW's programming expansion to Sunday nights. The season premiered on The CW in the United States on October 14, 2018. The annual crossover episode will swap time-slots with \"\"The Flash\"\" for that week and will air on Tuesday, December 11. The main cast of the season as well as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7742629", "chunk_text": "FLCL\nfrom the music production company VERYGOO. The second season, \"\"FLCL Progressive\"\", premiered on June 2, 2018 on Adult Swim's Toonami block; the third and final season, \"\"FLCL Alternative\"\", premiered on September 8, 2018 and concluded on October 13, 2018. In Japan, \"\"Alternative\"\" and \"\"Progressive\"\" had theatrical screenings on September 7, 2018, and September 28, 2018, respectively. The first episode of \"\"FLCL Alternative\"\" unexpectedly premiered early at midnight on April Fool's Day on Toonami, airing entirely in Japanese with English subtitles. The day of the second season's US premiere, Toonami simultaneously announced via its Facebook page that they would be delaying", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6314752", "chunk_text": "\"Supergirl (TV series)\"\nand \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" (on the second night). In May 2018, \"\"Arrow\"\" star Stephen Amell announced at The CW upfronts that the next Arrowverse crossover would feature Batwoman and Gotham City. The crossover is slated to air in December 2018, ahead of a potential 2019 solo series for the character. \"\"Supergirl\"\" was confirmed to have a participating episode in August, which would close out the three-part crossover, trading nights with \"\"The Flash\"\" just for the event. Therefore the show’s participating episode airs on Tuesday, December 11. In July 2015, a four-page preview comic entitled \"\"Sister Act\"\", written by Ali Adler,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7359046", "chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (TV series)\"\ntakes place in Atlanta. Filming for the first season began August 14, 2017. Filming for the second season began June 28, 2018 Kurt Farquhar composes the soundtrack for the series while Godholly provides original music for the series. These tracks include \"\"Black Lightning\"\", \"\"Power\"\", \"\"Green Light\"\", \"\"Welcome to Freeland\"\", \"\"Can't Go\"\" and \"\"Thunder\"\". \"\"Black Lightning\"\" began airing on The CW on January 16, 2018, and ran for 13 episodes. Netflix airs new episodes of Black Lightning weekly outside of the United States. The first season was released on Blu-ray and DVD in Region 1 on June 26, 2018. On review", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10028694", "chunk_text": "\"Ejen Ali\"\nOctober 6 and October 13 respectively. Just like Season 1, It is shown every Friday, at 5:30 p.m. on TV3, Fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth episodes shown on November 17, November 24, December 1 and December 8 respectively. Episode nine to eleven aired from February 9 to February 23, 2018. The twelfth episode was released on March 23, 2018. Thirteenth episode (last episode of Season 2) was released on March 30, making 26 episodes total. These characters are the agents of M.A.T.A (\"\"Meta Advance Tactical Agency\"\"), a secret spy organization that possess advanced technologies and is responsible for keeping the peace", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18091805", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 2)\"\nthe crossover episodes also featured appearances by Melissa Benoist, reprising her role as Kara Danvers / Supergirl from the TV series \"\"Supergirl\"\". The season began airing on October 13, 2016 on The CW in the United States, and concluded on April 4, 2017. The season was made available for streaming on Netflix in late April 2017, soon after the season finale aired. It was later released on Blu-ray on August 15, 2017. Rotten Tomatoes gave the season an 80% approval rating, with an average rating of 6.06/10 based on 15 reviews. The website's consensus reads: \"\"Though the narrative remains too", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_230	what is the longest pier in the uk?	n/a	[ "Southend Pier" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19770099", "chunk_text": "Pier\nin 1821, and Brighton Chain Pier, built in 1823. Only the oldest of these piers still remains. At that time the introduction of the railways for the first time permitted mass tourism to dedicated seaside resorts. The large tidal ranges at many such resorts meant that for much of the day, the sea was not visible from dry land. The pleasure pier was the resorts' answer, permitting holidaymakers to promenade over and alongside the sea at all times. The world's longest pleasure pier is at Southend-on-sea, Essex, and extends 1.3 miles (2.1 km) into the Thames estuary. With a length", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19770101", "chunk_text": "Pier\nstorms in 1978 and was never repaired. The longest iron pleasure pier still remaining in Southend-on-Sea,Essex and dates from 1829 - however the world's oldest iron pier dates from 1834 and is in Gravesend, Kent. In a 2006 UK poll, the public voted the seaside pier onto the list of icons of England. Many piers are built for the purpose of providing boatless anglers access to fishing grounds that are otherwise inaccessible. Many \"\"Free Piers\"\" are available in larger harbors which differ from private piers. Free Piers are often primarily used for fishing. See the List of piers article for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15555414", "chunk_text": "\"Llandudno Pier\"\nPier is often chosen for Victorian and Edwardian seaside filming locations, notably for the 2002 TV production of \"\"The Forsyte Saga\"\". It also featured prominently on a 2013 advert for Volkswagen Citations Sources Llandudno Pier Llandudno Pier is a Grade II* listed pier in the seaside resort of Llandudno, North Wales, United Kingdom. At , the pier is the longest in Wales and the fifth longest in England and Wales. In 2005, was voted \"\"Pier of the Year 2005\"\" by the members of the National Piers Society. At the end of the pier is a deep-water landing stage, completely rebuilt", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16317160", "chunk_text": "Southend-on-Sea\nSouthend-on-Sea Southend-on-Sea (), commonly referred to simply as Southend, is a town and wider unitary authority area with borough status in southeastern Essex, England. It lies on the north side of the Thames Estuary, east of central London. It is bordered to the north by Rochford and to the west by Castle Point. It is home to the longest leisure pier in the world, Southend Pier. London Southend Airport is located north of the town centre. Southend-on-Sea originally consisted of a few poor fishermen's huts and farms at the southern end of the village of Prittlewell. In the 1790s, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "118686", "chunk_text": "\"Southport Pier\"\nSouthport Pier Southport Pier is a pleasure pier in Southport, Merseyside, England. Opened in August 1860, it is the oldest iron pier in the country. Its length of makes it the second-longest in Great Britain, after Southend Pier. Although at one time spanning , a succession of storms and fires during the late 19th and early 20th centuries reduced its length to that of the present day. The pier has been host to famous entertainers, including Charlie Chaplin in the early 20th century. It was visited by steamliners in its heyday, but silting of the channel meant that by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16935318", "chunk_text": "\"Southend Pier\"\nmarine radar training courses in a small room at the end of the pier. Students were billeted at various bed and breakfasts locally. Southend Pier Southend Pier is a major landmark in Southend-on-Sea. Extending into the Thames Estuary, it is the longest pleasure pier in the world. Sir John Betjeman once said that \"\"the Pier is Southend, Southend is the Pier\"\". The pier is a Grade II listed building. In the early 19th century, Southend was growing as a seaside holiday resort. At the time, it was thought that spending time by the sea was good for one's health, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19770105", "chunk_text": "Pier\narchitectural merit still standing, although some have been lost, including two at Brighton in East Sussex one at New Brighton in the Wirral and three at Blackpool in Lancashire. Two piers, Brighton's now derelict West Pier and Clevedon Pier, were Grade 1 listed. The Birnbeck Pier in Weston-super-Mare is the only pier in the world linked to an island. The National Piers Society gives a figure of 55 surviving seaside piers in England and Wales. Pier A pier is a raised structure in a body of water, typically supported by well-spaced piles or pillars. Bridges, buildings, and walkways may all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15555408", "chunk_text": "\"Llandudno Pier\"\nLlandudno Pier Llandudno Pier is a Grade II* listed pier in the seaside resort of Llandudno, North Wales, United Kingdom. At , the pier is the longest in Wales and the fifth longest in England and Wales. In 2005, was voted \"\"Pier of the Year 2005\"\" by the members of the National Piers Society. At the end of the pier is a deep-water landing stage, completely rebuilt for the third time in 1969, which is used by the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company for occasional excursions to Douglas, Isle of Man, and for an annual visit of the \"\"PS", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15078866", "chunk_text": "\"Garth Pier\"\nit was decided that the ban would be abolished. Garth Pier Garth Pier is a Grade II listed structure in Bangor, Gwynedd, North Wales. At in length, it is the second-longest pier in Wales, and the ninth longest in the British Isles. Designed by J.J. Webster of Westminster, London, the pier has cast iron columns, with the rest of the metal structure made in steel, including the handrails. The wooden deck has a series of octagonal kiosks with roofs, plus street lighting, which lead to a pontoon landing stage for pleasure steamers on the Menai Strait. Opened to the public", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19770103", "chunk_text": "Pier\nthe North Sea waves. The present pier is a successor of an earlier pier, which was completed in 1901 but in 1943 destroyed by the German occupation forces. The first recorded pier in England was Ryde Pier, opened in 1814 on the Isle of Wight, as a landing stage to allow ferries to and from the mainland to berth. It is still used for this purpose today. It also had a leisure function in the past, with the pier head once containing a pavilion, and there are still refreshment facilities today. The oldest cast iron pier in the world is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15078860", "chunk_text": "\"Garth Pier\"\nGarth Pier Garth Pier is a Grade II listed structure in Bangor, Gwynedd, North Wales. At in length, it is the second-longest pier in Wales, and the ninth longest in the British Isles. Designed by J.J. Webster of Westminster, London, the pier has cast iron columns, with the rest of the metal structure made in steel, including the handrails. The wooden deck has a series of octagonal kiosks with roofs, plus street lighting, which lead to a pontoon landing stage for pleasure steamers on the Menai Strait. Opened to the public on 14 May 1896, the ceremony performed by George", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16935300", "chunk_text": "\"Southend Pier\"\nSouthend Pier Southend Pier is a major landmark in Southend-on-Sea. Extending into the Thames Estuary, it is the longest pleasure pier in the world. Sir John Betjeman once said that \"\"the Pier is Southend, Southend is the Pier\"\". The pier is a Grade II listed building. In the early 19th century, Southend was growing as a seaside holiday resort. At the time, it was thought that spending time by the sea was good for one's health, and since it was close to the capital, many Londoners would come to Southend for this reason. However the coast at Southend consists of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19770104", "chunk_text": "Pier\nGravesend town pier, in Kent, which opened in 1834. However, it is not recognised by the National Piers Society as being a seaside pier. Following the building of the world's first seaside pier at Ryde, the pier became fashionable at seaside resorts in England and Wales during the Victorian era, peaking in the 1860s with 22 being built in that decade. A symbol of the typical British seaside holiday, by 1914, more than 100 pleasure piers were located around the UK coast. Regarded as being among the finest Victorian architecture, there are still a significant number of seaside piers of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19770100", "chunk_text": "Pier\nof , the longest pier on the West Coast of the US is the Santa Cruz Wharf. Providing a walkway out to sea, pleasure piers often include amusements and theatres as part of the attraction. Such a pier may be open air, closed, or partly open, partly closed. Sometimes a pier has two decks. Galveston Island Historic Pleasure Pier in Galveston, Texas has 1 roller coaster, 15 rides, carnival games and souvenir shops. Early pleasure piers were of wooden construction, with iron structures being introduced with the construction in 1855 of Margate Jetty, in Margate, England. Margate was wrecked in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11977215", "chunk_text": "\"Skegness Pier\"\noriginal Victorian pier. The pier won a Trip Advisor Certificate of Excellence Award in May 2015, celebrating excellence in tourism and hospitality based on visitor reviews. Citations Sources Skegness Pier Skegness Pier is a pleasure pier in Skegness, England. Opened in June 1881, it was at the time the fourth longest in England, originally stretching a length of . When originally built, it was a T-shaped pier with a saloon/concert hall at the pier head. Steamboat trips ran from the pier to Norfolk until 1910. During World War II, the pier closed in an attempt to prevent enemy invasion. A", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4167072", "chunk_text": "\"Felixstowe Pier\"\nhas been inaccessible since around 1999 due to corrosion and rotten timer beams supporting the pier deck. The original plan involved demolishing this section of pier until an alternate proposal to retain it was put forward. Citations Sources Felixstowe Pier Felixstowe Pier is a pleasure pier in the Edwardian seaside town of Felixstowe, Suffolk, England. The pier opened in August 1905 with a total length of with its own railway station and was once one of the longest in the country. Steamer services operated from the pier to various destinations. During the war, the pier was sectioned to reduce the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11977203", "chunk_text": "\"Skegness Pier\"\nSkegness Pier Skegness Pier is a pleasure pier in Skegness, England. Opened in June 1881, it was at the time the fourth longest in England, originally stretching a length of . When originally built, it was a T-shaped pier with a saloon/concert hall at the pier head. Steamboat trips ran from the pier to Norfolk until 1910. During World War II, the pier closed in an attempt to prevent enemy invasion. A severe storm in 1978 caused significant damage to the pier, isolating the pier head and shelters which were ultimately demolished in the mid-1980s due to the significant costs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16766338", "chunk_text": "\"Felixstowe Pier\"\nFelixstowe Pier Felixstowe Pier is a pleasure pier in the Edwardian seaside town of Felixstowe, Suffolk, England. The pier opened in August 1905 with a total length of with its own railway station and was once one of the longest in the country. Steamer services operated from the pier to various destinations. During the war, the pier was sectioned to reduce the risk of enemy invasion, which it never fully recovered from, resulting in the pierhead being demolished after the war, having been left to deteriorate. In 2017, a new shoreend structure was opened to the public at a cost", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14391607", "chunk_text": "\"Fleetwood Pier\"\nFleetwood Pier Fleetwood Pier, also known as the Victoria Pier, was a pleasure pier located in the English town of Fleetwood, Lancashire. At in length, it was one of the shortest piers in the country. It was built in 1910 at the end of the golden age of pier building, and other than a 1957 pier built in Deal, Kent to replace a structure damaged in World War II, it was the last pleasure pier to be built in the United Kingdom. The building was destroyed by fire and demolished in 2008. Fleetwood Pier opened on Whit Monday in 1910,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4701072", "chunk_text": "\"Southport Pier\"\nuntil June 2015. The pier is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building, first listed on 18 August 1975. At , Southport Pier is the second longest in Great Britain. As a result of silting in the water channel, part of the pier now passes overland before reaching the beach, as the silt has allowed land beneath the pier to be reclaimed. The entrance starts at Promenade Road and follows a route inland next to Princes Park, before crossing over Marine Drive and meeting the beach at approximately half-way along its length.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "913461", "chunk_text": "\"North Pier, Blackpool\"\nagreement to pay the outstanding balance owed to Carlsberg was made and Peter Sedgwick's company escaped liquidation. North Pier, Blackpool North Pier is the most northerly of the three coastal piers in Blackpool, England. Built in the 1860s, it is also the oldest and longest of the three. Although originally intended only as a promenade, competition forced the pier to widen its attractions to include theatres and bars. Unlike Blackpool's other piers, which attracted the working classes with open air dancing and amusements, North Pier catered for the \"\"better-class\"\" market, with orchestra concerts and respectable comedians. Until 2011, it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3590927", "chunk_text": "\"Pier in Sopot\"\nPier in Sopot The Sopot Pier () - the pier in the city of Sopot, built as a pleasure pier and as a mooring point for cruise boats, first opened in 1827. At 511.5m, the pier is the longest wooden pier in Europe. It stretches into the sea from the middle of Sopot beach which is a popular venue for recreation and health walks (the concentration of iodine at the tip of the pier is twice as high as on land) or public entertainment events, and it also serves as a mooring point for cruise boats and water taxis. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3936643", "chunk_text": "\"Clevedon Pier\"\nClevedon Pier Clevedon Pier is a seaside pier in the town of Clevedon, Somerset, England on the east shore of the Severn Estuary. It has been described by Sir John Betjeman, as \"\"the most beautiful pier in England\"\" and was designated a Grade I listed building in 2001. The pier was built during the 1860s to attract tourists and provide a ferry port for rail passengers to South Wales. The pier is long and consists of eight spans supported by steel rails covered by wooden decking, with a pavilion on the pier head. The pier opened in 1869 and served", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10819418", "chunk_text": "\"Queen's Pier Tramway\"\nQueen's Pier Tramway Ramsey pier is 2,160 ft long and was built for the Isle of Man Harbour Board for the sum of £40,752 (about £4.3m in today's terms) by Head Wrighton of Stockton-on-Tees, England. The designer was Sir John Coode, who later became president of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Construction work began in 1882 and the pier was officially opened on 22 July 1886 by Rowley Hill, Bishop of Sodor and Man, though it had already been in use for about one year whilst being finished. The pier was originally intended as a landing stage to allow Steam", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3936660", "chunk_text": "\"Clevedon Pier\"\nimprove the visitor centre. Clevedon Pier Clevedon Pier is a seaside pier in the town of Clevedon, Somerset, England on the east shore of the Severn Estuary. It has been described by Sir John Betjeman, as \"\"the most beautiful pier in England\"\" and was designated a Grade I listed building in 2001. The pier was built during the 1860s to attract tourists and provide a ferry port for rail passengers to South Wales. The pier is long and consists of eight spans supported by steel rails covered by wooden decking, with a pavilion on the pier head. The pier opened", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "913443", "chunk_text": "\"North Pier, Blackpool\"\nNorth Pier, Blackpool North Pier is the most northerly of the three coastal piers in Blackpool, England. Built in the 1860s, it is also the oldest and longest of the three. Although originally intended only as a promenade, competition forced the pier to widen its attractions to include theatres and bars. Unlike Blackpool's other piers, which attracted the working classes with open air dancing and amusements, North Pier catered for the \"\"better-class\"\" market, with orchestra concerts and respectable comedians. Until 2011, it was the only Blackpool pier that consistently charged admission. The pier is designated by English Heritage as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11780630", "chunk_text": "\"Ryde Pier\"\nRyde Pier Ryde Pier is an early 19th century pier serving the town of Ryde, on the Isle of Wight, off the south coast of England. It is the world's oldest seaside pleasure pier. Before the pier was built, passengers had the uncomfortable experience of coming ashore on the back of a porter and then, depending on the state of the tide, having to walk as far as half a mile across wet sand before reaching the town. The need for a pier was obvious, especially if the town was to attract the wealthy and fashionable visitors who were beginning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10930068", "chunk_text": "\"Victoria Pier\"\nfull orchestra pit. In 1903, the Victoria Pier Company decided to extend the neck to a length of 750 ft (227m) to facilitate outdoor theatrical performances. The pier featured intricate cast iron balustrades, manufactured by the Widnes Iron Foundry, and similar balustrade designs can be found at Mumbles Pier, and formerly at Grand Pier, Weston-super-Mare and Morecambe's Central and West End Piers. A 600-seat 'Bijou' theatre was built at the pier head in 1917 for the purposes of light entertainment. The first pavilion building was completely destroyed by fire in 1922. The Victoria Pier Company suffered serious financial difficulties after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17172813", "chunk_text": "\"King's Pier\"\nKing's Pier King's Pier is a 17th-century stone shipping quay, located on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, England; part of the Jurassic Coast. It is found at the boundary point of the land owned by Portland Port Ltd, on the east side of the island within the area of East Weares. To the north of the pier is Balaclava Bay, whilst further south along the coastline are the remains of Folly Pier and Folly Pier Waterworks, East Weare Rifle Range, the two Salt Pans, Little Beach and Durdle Pier respectively. When active, King's Pier was one of the most important", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10929360", "chunk_text": "\"Admiralty Pier Turret\"\nOriginally situated at the end of the western breakwater, the main turret is now part way along, after the breakwater was extended in 1897. It can be viewed from the adjacent Prince of Wales pier for free in daylight hours. Admiralty Pier Turret The Admiralty Pier Turret or Dover Turret, is an enclosed armoured turret built in 1882 on the western breakwater of Dover Harbour in southeast England. It contains two Fraser RML 16 inch 80 ton guns, the biggest installed in the United Kingdom. Declared obsolete in 1902, it is currently part of the port and inaccessible, though the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17172816", "chunk_text": "\"King's Pier\"\nby Portland Port Ltd, and the boundary fencing on King's Pier continues to stand today. King's Pier King's Pier is a 17th-century stone shipping quay, located on the Isle of Portland, Dorset, England; part of the Jurassic Coast. It is found at the boundary point of the land owned by Portland Port Ltd, on the east side of the island within the area of East Weares. To the north of the pier is Balaclava Bay, whilst further south along the coastline are the remains of Folly Pier and Folly Pier Waterworks, East Weare Rifle Range, the two Salt Pans, Little", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4866417", "chunk_text": "\"Deal, Kent\"\nwas not the first time the pier had been hit by shipping, with previous impacts in 1873 and 1884 necessitating extensive repairs. The present pier, designed by Sir W. Halcrow & Partners, was opened on 19 November 1957 by the Duke of Edinburgh. Constructed predominantly from concrete-clad steel, it is 1026 ft (311 m) in length (a notice announces that it is the same length as the RMS \"\"Titanic\"\", but that ship was just 882 feet in length), and ends in a three-tiered pier-head, featuring a cafe, bar, lounge, and fishing decks. The lowest of the three tiers is underwater", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10501719", "chunk_text": "\"Yarmouth, Isle of Wight\"\nship's captain, drunk after a court dinner, stole what he thought was a case of wine, as he returned to his ship. When he discovered it was a case of books, he threw it overboard. Yarmouth Pier was opened in 1876. It received Grade 2 listed status in 1975. Originally 685 ft (207.5m) long, it's now 609 ft (186m) but is still the longest timber pier in England open to the public, and also a docking point for the MV Balmoral and PS Waverley. Several Sites of Special Scientific Interest lie close to Yarmouth, including Yar Estuary SSSI & Bouldnor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3936649", "chunk_text": "\"Clevedon Pier\"\nIsambard Kingdom Brunel's South Wales Railway, with wood planks for the decking. By August 1868 of the pier had been built and the final section was completed by February 1869. The pier is long and above high water. Each of the eight spans is long. The legs are made up of Barlow rails which are riveted together; one of the rails separates from the main support close to the deck at the top, forming a transverse truss joining a rail from the opposite leg of the pier and longitudinal bracing is provided by further rails. The supporting piles, which are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16317164", "chunk_text": "Southend-on-Sea\nand proximity to London mean that much of the economy has been based on tourism, and that Southend has been a dormitory town for city workers ever since. Southend Pier is the world's longest pleasure pier at . It has suffered fires and ship collisions, most recently in October 2005, but the basic pier structure has been repaired each time. As a holiday destination, Southend declined from the 1960s onwards, as holidaying abroad became more affordable. Southend became the home of the Access credit card, due to it having one of the UK's first electronic telephone exchanges (it is still", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5973403", "chunk_text": "\"Hythe Pier, Railway and Ferry\"\nservice. After months of talks Lee Rayment of \"\"Blue Funnel\"\" completed negotiations to acquire the Pier, Train and Ferry with operations starting on 21 April 2017. The railway is the oldest continuously operating public pier train in the world. Hythe Pier stretches from the centre of Hythe to the deep water channel of Southampton Water. It is approximately wide, and carries a pedestrian walkway and cycleway on its northern side and the Hythe Pier Railway on its southern side. During normal high tides the pier is above the surface of the water. A company was formed to construct a pier", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11780642", "chunk_text": "\"Ryde Pier\"\nits demolition was ordered. By 1931 the Pier Hotel and the entire range of buildings back to the end of St. Thomas's Street had been removed, and Pier Street itself ceased to exist, becoming part of the Esplanade. Ryde Pier Ryde Pier is an early 19th century pier serving the town of Ryde, on the Isle of Wight, off the south coast of England. It is the world's oldest seaside pleasure pier. Before the pier was built, passengers had the uncomfortable experience of coming ashore on the back of a porter and then, depending on the state of the tide,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9234724", "chunk_text": "Skegness\nis on Church Road North. Tower Gardens, previously known as the Pleasure Gardens, opened in 1878 after being donated by the Earl of Scarbrough. The gardens have events during the summer. Skegness pier opened on Whit Monday in June 1881 by the Duke of Edinburgh Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha at a cost of £20,840 (equivalent to £ in ) and was at the time the fourth longest in England, at a length of long. A severe gale and storm surge in January 1978 caused disaster to Skegness Pier and it was irretrievably damaged, with just 127 yards of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12109837", "chunk_text": "\"Princes Pier\"\nPrinces Pier Princes Pier is a 580 metre long historic pier on Port Phillip, in Port Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It was known as the New Railway Pier until renamed Prince's Pier after the Prince of Wales (later Edward VIII) who visited Melbourne in May 1920. The pier was constructed between 1912 and 1915 by the Melbourne Harbour Trust to supplement the adjacent Station Pier (originally the 'Railway Pier'). From completion in 1915 until 1969 it was also a major arrival point for new migrants, particularly during the post-war period. In addition to a pier, there was a gatehouse and barriers,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12895449", "chunk_text": "Essex\nthe Guinness Book of Records as the longest pleasure pier in the world. Essex Essex () is a county in south-east England, north-east of London. One of the home counties, it borders Suffolk and Cambridgeshire to the north, Hertfordshire to the west, Kent across the estuary of the River Thames to the south, and London to the south-west. The county town is Chelmsford, the only city in the county. For government statistical purposes Essex is placed in the East of England region. Essex occupies the eastern part of the ancient Kingdom of Essex, which united with the other Anglian and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5490687", "chunk_text": "\"Bangor, Gwynedd\"\nnew arts centre complex, Pontio, the replacement for Theatr Gwynedd, was scheduled for completion in the summer of 2014, but the opening was delayed until November 2015. Bangor hosted the National Eisteddfod in 1890, 1902, 1915, 1931, 1940 (through the medium of radio), 1943, 1971 and 2005, as well as an unofficial National Eisteddfod event in 1874. Garth Pier is the second longest pier in Wales, and the ninth longest in the British Isles, at in length. It was opened in 1893 and was a promenade pier, for the amusement of holiday-makers who could stroll among the pinnacle-roofed kiosks. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9601059", "chunk_text": "\"Shorncliffe pier\"\nShorncliffe pier Shorncliffe Pier is a historic pier in Shorncliffe, Queensland, Australia, situated near Saint Patrick's College and lower Moora Park. The pier with its white faded timber railings, colonial street lamps spaced out along the stretch of pier, and resting shelter towards the end was a much visited attraction for families, residents and tourists to the area. Reaching 351.5 metres out into Bramble Bay it is the largest timber pier in Brisbane and one of the longest recreational piers in Australia. The renewed pier was reopened to the public in March 2016. During the early history of Shorncliffe and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19770097", "chunk_text": "Pier\nRiver frontage of New York, or the Embarcadero in San Francisco. The advent of container shipping, with its need for large container handling spaces adjacent to the shipping berths, has made working piers obsolete for the handling of general cargo, although some still survive for the handling of passenger ships or bulk cargos. One example, is in use in Progreso, Yucatán, where a pier extends more than 4 miles into the Gulf of Mexico, making it the longest pier in the world. The Progreso Pier supplies much of the peninsula with transportation for the fishing and cargo industries and serves", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16317186", "chunk_text": "Southend-on-Sea\nthe UK. Southend-on-Sea is home to the world's longest pleasure pier, built in 1830 and stretching some from shore. The Kursaal was one of the earliest theme parks, built at the start of the 20th century. It closed in the 1970s and much of the land was developed as housing. The entrance hall, a listed building, is a bowling alley arcade operated by Megabowl and casino. A short funicular railway, constructed in 1912, links the seafront to the High Street level of the town. The lift re-opened to the public in 2010, following a period of refurbishment. An amusement park", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "702982", "chunk_text": "Erith\nDavid Ives Stadium is next to the Leisure Centre. It is often called Erith Stadium and is home to Bexley Athletic Club. The Erith Playhouse Theatre is the largest in Bexley. Erith has a Health Centre and a library with a meeting room. Erith is the location of the longest pier in Greater London. The pier has recently been adapted from commercial to leisure use, and is popular with anglers. The annual Erith Riverside Festival has been held for a number of years in Riverside Gardens alongside the Thames. Erith is the starting point for the LOOP (London Outer Orbital", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10605164", "chunk_text": "\"Pier in Sopot\"\nis also an excellent point for observing the World Sailing Championship, the Baltic Windsurfing Cup and the Sopot Triathlon taking place on the bay. Sopot pier consists of 2 parts: the famous wooden walking jetty and the Spa Square on land, where concerts and festivities are organised. To contrast, Southend Pier, the longest pier in Europe is 2158m long but constructed primarily of iron, unlike the wooden Sopot Pier. The first pier was built in 1827, next rebuilt to the length of 150 metres, then to 315 m. It was brought to the contemporary length in 1928, along with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4725787", "chunk_text": "\"Cleethorpes Pier\"\nthe National Piers Society, The Pier, Cleethorpes has been named Pier of the Year 2016. In September 2016, the pier was again put up for sale, and was purchased by Papa's Fish and Chip chain for an undisclosed fee in December 2016. It then re-opened in time for the 2017 season, when it claimed to be the largest fish and chip restaurant in the country. Cleethorpes Pier Cleethorpes Pier is a pleasure pier in the town of Cleethorpes, North East Lincolnshire, England. It originally cost £8,000, which was financed by the Manchester, Sheffield and Lincolnshire Railway (later the Great Central", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6710124", "chunk_text": "\"Holyhead Breakwater\"\nmaintenance duties were taken over by various road and all-terrain vehicles. The breakwater, which took 28 years to complete, was officially opened on 19 August 1873 by Albert Edward, Prince of Wales. Since November 2014, concrete blocks have been placed at the entrance to block traffic. However, the breakwater is still accessible to walkers. Holyhead Breakwater Holyhead Breakwater is situated at the north-western end of Holyhead on the island of Anglesey in North Wales. The Victorian structure, which is long, is the longest breakwater in the United Kingdom. The breakwater, which is accessible in good weather, has a promenade on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16717268", "chunk_text": "\"Culture of the United Kingdom\"\nRenaissance styles. In this era of prosperity and development British architecture embraced many new methods of construction, but such architects as August Pugin ensured that traditional styles were retained. Following the building of the world's first seaside pier in July 1814 in Ryde, Isle of Wight off the south coast of England, the pier became fashionable at seaside resorts in the UK during the Victorian era, peaking in the 1860s with 22 being built. Providing a walkway out to sea, the seaside pier is regarded as among the finest Victorian architecture, and is an iconic symbol of the British seaside", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4395937", "chunk_text": "\"Southend Pier\"\nLord Mayor of the City of London Sir William Heygate, 1st Baronet, a resident of Southend. On 14 May 1829 the first Pier Act received the Royal Assent. On 25 July the Lord Mayor of London Sir William Thompson laid the foundation stone of the first section of the pier. By June 1830 a wooden pier was opened, based on oak piles. However this was still too short to be usable at low tide, so by 1833 it had been extended to three times its length and by 1848 was the longest pier in Europe at . It was sold", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_231	who did cora marry in once upon a time?	n/a	[ "Henry" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7224079", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Crane\"\nseries of adventures and misadventures. To gain freedom from the restriction that unmarried women required chaperones to go out in society, Cora married her first husband, Thomas Vinton Murphy. He was the son of Thomas Murphy, the former Collector of the Port of New York and a New York state politician. The younger Murphy and Cora went into business, running munitions and a gambling house. Two years later she married Captain Donald William Stewart, the son of Sir Donald Martin Stewart, 1st Baronet, Commander in Chief of India for Queen Victoria. She moved with him to England, where she cut", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1862130", "chunk_text": "\"Sisters (Once Upon a Time)\"\nbefore this escelates, Cora restores their childhood memories of each other and she regretted the way she raised them, and apologizes to her daughters. Now that the sisters have made peace, Cora decides that it's time for her to move on from her unfinished business. As they see their mother walk toward the bridge, the flames from the River of Fire erupt and wrap around her. But the flames die down, the bridge forms, and the gate opens, allowing Cora to move on to Mount Olympus to join her husband, Prince Henry Mills. Later on, Regina gives Zelena her blessing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8196180", "chunk_text": "\"Regina Mills\"\nRegina Mills Regina Mills (\"\"Latin\"\" for \"\"queen\"\"; alias: Evil Queen in Enchanted Forest; Roni in Hyperion Heights) is a fictional character in ABC's television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She is portrayed by Lana Parrilla, and has been praised by critics for her role as the series's first major antagonist. She has become a fan favorite since her debut. In the Enchanted Forest, Regina was born to the sorceress Cora and her husband Henry, the son of King Xavier. Despite being terrorized by her tyrannical mother, Regina found love in the form of Daniel Colter. However, after rescuing the princess", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17507980", "chunk_text": "\"Belle Cora (Arabella Ryan)\"\nsparking the Vigilance Committee to resurge and seize both Casey and Cora. The committee sentence both of them to hang on Friday, May 23, at 12 o'clock. For fear of escape, Charles Cora was led by 3,000 men and two field pieces. Before the execution, Belle and Charles got married by Father Michael Acoltti. Charles said nothing as the noose was placed around his head. The cord was cut at twenty minutes past one o'clock leaving Cora to drop 6 feet and hang for fifty five minutes before being turned over to the coroner. Belle Cora's stirring up of social", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14664520", "chunk_text": "\"The Miller's Daughter (Once Upon a Time)\"\nto the King and accepts Henry's resultant marriage proposal. The day before her wedding, Cora questions her plans; she is unlikely to become queen as Henry is fifth in line to the throne, while Rumplestiltskin, with whom she has been having an affair, offers her love. They agree to amend the contract so Cora owes Rumplestiltskin \"\"his\"\" child. He also agrees to teach her how to take a heart, so that she can kill King Xavier. That night, she confronts the king. He reveals that he knows of her relationship with Rumplestiltskin; telling her that \"\"love is weakness,\"\" he lays", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2033812", "chunk_text": "\"Felicia Gallant\"\npublished under her character's name). Felicia had affairs with Cass Winthrop, who later became her best friend, and Carl Hutchins. She married Louis St. George, Zane Lindquist, Mitch Blake, Lucas Castigliano, and Sergei Radzinsky. Lucas was, out of all the men she married, the true love of her life. When Lucas came to town, he came looking for the daughter he knew was alive, but she thought was stillborn (Felicia and Lucas had been lovers when they were teenagers). By extension, he revealed that she was born Fanny Grady and from a tempestuous family background. Since Felicia had taken a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7428961", "chunk_text": "\"Regina Mills\"\nof the best roles she has ever played: Regina Mills Regina Mills (\"\"Latin\"\" for \"\"queen\"\"; alias: Evil Queen in Enchanted Forest; Roni in Hyperion Heights) is a fictional character in ABC's television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She is portrayed by Lana Parrilla, and has been praised by critics for her role as the series's first major antagonist. She has become a fan favorite since her debut. In the Enchanted Forest, Regina was born to the sorceress Cora and her husband Henry, the son of King Xavier. Despite being terrorized by her tyrannical mother, Regina found love in the form", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15717992", "chunk_text": "\"Cora L. V. Scott\"\nenough to convince many people that she was indeed a channel for spirits. Married four times, Cora adopted the last name of her husband at each marriage, and at various times carried the surnames Hatch, Daniels, Tappan, and Richmond. Her first husband, whom she married at age 16, was the professional mesmerist Benjamin Franklin Hatch. Over 30 years her senior, Hatch was a skilled showman who managed Cora in order to maximize revenue, much to the dismay of serious spiritualists. The marriage ended bitterly, but since the period of their marriage coincided with her greatest fame, Cora is best known", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11436299", "chunk_text": "\"Babe Smith\"\nMail\"\") was critical of Babe's feelings for Stan, writing, \"\"[Babe was] only made worse by the scriptwriters' occasional, predictable, attempts at trying to evoke viewers' sympathy over her lovelorn feelings for her sister's husband Stan.\"\" When Stan is diagnosed with terminal prostate cancer, Babe is \"\"devastated\"\" at the prospect of losing him. Stan becomes engaged to Cora Cross (Ann Mitchell) and when his health deteriorates, they decide to marry quickly. Babe attempts to ruin it by bringing Sylvie to see Stan, but they decide to marry nevertheless. Babe is delighted when Stan is physically unable to say his vows, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299766", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nCarter (Linda Marlowe) walks in on them together. Cora decides to move to Newcastle with Dexter and Ava, but after Stan apologises to her and goes with her to the station, she has a change of heart and decides to stay. Stan then takes Cora to a retro dance event, but Cora walks out when Sylvie arrives there. She goes back there with Babe Smith (Annette Badland) but leaves again after seeing Stan and Sylvie sharing a dance and a kiss and learning that Babe has had feelings for Stan all along. Several weeks later, Stan invites Cora to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299758", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nabout, Ava Anderton (Clare Perkins). Cora refuses to discuss the matter, until later, when she burns the birth certificate and tells Tanya that Ava died shortly after birth. Tanya asks Cora find Rainie so she can be a bridesmaid at Tanya's second wedding to Max. Rainie sends her addiction sponsor to meet Cora, who reveals that Rainie has been sober for six weeks, Rainie blames Cora for her bad behaviour and does not want any further contact with her. Cora bins Rainie's bridesmaid dress and simply tells Tanya that Rainie refused to be a bridesmaid. Cora begins behaving strangely and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14664519", "chunk_text": "\"The Miller's Daughter (Once Upon a Time)\"\ngold, and offers to do so in exchange for her first-born child; he reveals that \"\"she is very important\"\" in the future he has seen. Cora asks Rumplestiltskin to teach her how to spin gold herself; to which he agrees and she signs his contract. Rumplestiltskin teaches Cora that magic is channeled through emotion rather than thought, and that he uses the anger he felt at being forced to kiss a man's boots in front of his son. As Cora imagines forcing the royals to bow to her, the straw changes to gold in her hands. Cora presents the gold", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299765", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nAbi move in with her when Max is revealed to have been having sex with Lauren's best friend, Lucy Beale (Hetti Bywater), before her recent murder (see Who Killed Lucy Beale?). Cora becomes suspicious that Max is withholding information from the police and calls them to clarify his statement. She later warns him not to hurt Lauren and Abi any further. Cora and Stan start dating and Stan, who has terminal prostate cancer, decides he wants to commit the time he has left with her. He surprises her with a Christmas dance, but things are ruined when Stan's ex-wife Sylvie", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9456224", "chunk_text": "\"Wilhelmina Slater\"\n\"\"...will always be run by a Meade\"\"), Wilhelmina resorts to seducing Bradford. She believes by doing this, it will convince Bradford that she can be the next Mrs. Meade, which would allow her to take over \"\"MODE\"\". She also assists Bradford in his scheme to get Alexis out of the country by recommending her counterpart at \"\"MODE Brasil\"\", Rodrigo, romance her. In the season finale, Bradford gives Wilhelmina a gaudy engagement ring he designed himself, setting things up for a November 2007 wedding. When Wilhelmina learned Claire escaped while en route to prison, hoping to stop Bradford from marrying Wilhelmina", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14664521", "chunk_text": "\"The Miller's Daughter (Once Upon a Time)\"\nout her choice between love and power. Cora returns to her room carrying a heart in a box. Later, she meets Rumplestilskin and informs him that she did not take the king's heart, and that she is going to marry the prince instead of running away with Rumplestiltskin. The heart she removed was her own, to prevent it from being an obstacle. Rumplestiltskin tries to invoke their contract, but she points out that he only has a claim on his own child, which she will never bear. Some time later, Princess Cora presents her and Henry's daughter to the court", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299773", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nbut Cora receives temporary custody of her. Max marries Rainie as part of a scam to gain custody of Abi, and a battle between them and Cora ensues. Cora visits with Abi one day and allows Rainie and Max to look after her overnight. Cora then offers Rainie the chance to leave Max and move to Exeter to run a tea shop and bring up Abi with Cora and Tanya. Rainie asks Cora for more, and gets her to write a cheque for £50,000, which Rainie shows to Max, saying she is turning it down as she wants to bring", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16449364", "chunk_text": "\"Grace Van Pelt\"\nends the relationship by saying she doesn't want that responsibility in a relationship. Rigsby pleads with her to talk it through but she says she knows herself and walks away, leaving him heartbroken. She is later seen walking into the elevator at the office, crying and sobbing. In the third season, Van Pelt dates FBI agent Craig O'Laughlin, much to Rigsby's displeasure. Van Pelt and O'Laughlin become engaged in the episode \"\"Blood for Blood\"\", stunning Rigsby, who still loves her. In \"\"Like a Redheaded Stepchild,\"\" she invites Rigsby to the wedding, but he refuses the invitation, stating he still loves", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11626585", "chunk_text": "\"Victor Henry Anderson\"\n\"\"have been self-trained or may have descended from an earlier person or group\"\". Anderson met Cora Ann Cremeans in Bend, Oregon, in 1944; they married three days later, on 3 May, claiming that they had encountered each other before in the astral realm. Born in Nyota, Alabama, in January 1915, Cora had been exposed to folk magical practices from childhood; reputedly, her Irish grandfather was a \"\"root doctor\"\" who was known among locals as the \"\"druid\"\". The Andersons claimed that one of their first acts after their marriage was the erection of an altar. The following year, a son was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7224080", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Crane\"\na social swath after the fashion of fellow American Jennie Jerome, who had married Lord Randolph Churchill in 1874. But, when Captain Stewart was assigned to India, Cora elected to stay in England as what was called an \"\"Empire widow.\"\" After living briefly at the country family estate, Cora had moved to London and entered its society. She soon became involved in a highly publicized affair with the heir of the Chase Bank fortune. She later resettled in Jacksonville, Florida, where she became involved with the writer Stephen Crane. Stewart hated Cora for not remaining faithful to him in his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4368703", "chunk_text": "\"Blake Carrington\"\nDaniel, and sends them to the other spouse. However, Blake and Krystle declare their love for each other. The entire family attends the wedding of Amanda and Prince Michael of Moldavia, and rebels storm the chapel and spray the church with bullets. Blake and his family survive the attack. Upon returning to Denver, Blake enters a business deal with Jason Colby, and is shocked to discover that Fallon is alive, suffering from amnesia, and married to Jason's son, Miles. Krystle is kidnapped by Joel Abrigore and replaced with a look-alike named Rita Lesley, who slowly poisons him on Joel's orders.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299784", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nPatrick Trueman are to embark on a fling with each other. Upon Tanya discovering that Cora had another daughter, Mitchell said that many twists and turns will follow. She added: \"\"The whole situation has pierced her thick skin.\"\" In September 2012, Kilkelly reported that Tanya would discover Cora has been keeping a secret from her for years. Tanya discovers that Cora once had a daughter by the name of Ava, after coming across a birth certificate by accident. Tanya questions Cora, but she remains secretive and refuses to talk to her daughter. Cora later opens up to Tanya and tells", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299767", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nhorse racing match in hopes of rekindling their relationship, but she turns him down as she feels she will lose him again. The same day, Stan collapses due to his cancer spreading leaving him paralysed from the waist down. Two days later, after much hesitation, Cora visits Stan in hospital to say goodbye to him, but is unperturbed by Babe's presence in caring for Stan. After Babe privately recalls to Cora how much she loved Stan from the minute she met him, Cora is surprised when Stan proposes to her. She rejects his proposal, not wanting to hurt Babe's feelings,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299760", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nand decides to leave things. However, she leaves her purse behind, and Ava returns it to Tanya's home, where Cora is horrified when she introduces herself by her name. Tanya reveals the truth, and Cora leaves after slapping Tanya for meddling in her private life. She is angry at Patrick when he says he told Tanya the truth and ends the relationship. Cora then speaks to Ava, and Ava has many questions. Ava says she thought about finding Cora before but decided against it as she wanted to keep the past in the past, and says that nothing has changed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299785", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nthat her daughter was called Ava, but that she died shortly after birth. It was later announced that Ava would be introduced to the show and that actress Claire Perkins had been cast in the role. Mitchell said that Cora was \"\"forced to give up Ava\"\" adding \"\"The baby's father was black and he left Cora before he knew she was pregnant. She was 18 and unmarried, and at that time, having a baby in her situation was a social stigma. She was made to feel enormous shame by her parents, who forced her to give the baby up for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8832440", "chunk_text": "\"Clint Buchanan\"\nthreatened by their closeness, Clint proposes. He and Nora marry, though Bo and Nora kiss the night before. Bo and Nora soon find themselves back in love; finding out, a vengeful Clint reveals the affair publicly to negatively impact Bo and Nora's careers. Though Asa had left his mansion to Nora, Clint forces her to sign it over to him or risk a costly lawsuit for damages to his reputation as a result of her affair. Clint encourages new mayor Dorian to fire Bo as Police Commissioner, and resumes an affair with his assistant, ex-stripper Kimberly Andrews. They marry on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299762", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nLauren goes through alcoholism. Tanya takes Lauren away to a clinic, but Tanya does not return when Lauren does. When Dexter's father Sam James (Cornell S John) arrives, he tries to win Cora over but she sees that Ava and Dexter are upset and warns him off. Ava and Sam reunite, and Cora eventually tells Dexter, who is initially angry but comes to terms with the relationship. Cora is jealous when Patrick picks Betty Spragg (Tessa Wyatt) as his dance partner, making fun of her behind her back and angering Patrick, putting a strain on their friendship. Abi and Kim", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19486109", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nand July 2015, returning for various guest stints until 15 December the same year, when she departed. It was confirmed that Mitchell was on a temporary year-long break from the serial although Cora did not return in 2016. It was announced in March 2017 that Mitchell would reprise the role and Cora returned for two appearances on 18 and 19 May. She made several further appearances until 16 February 2018, followed by two further return stints in July and November. Cora turns up at her daughter Tanya Branning's (Jo Joyner) house unannounced, and revealing that Tanya's fiancé Greg Jessop (Stefan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7238890", "chunk_text": "\"Bleeding Through (Once Upon a Time)\"\nto the palace, has been eavesdropping on their conversation. She uses that to her advantage later on at the banquet hall, where after Leopold, who has been hearing rumors of Cora's deception, learns from Eva about her after Cora lies to him about not being pregnant. Eva then tells Leopold to check Cora's pockets, which he discovers is laced with jewelry. Cora is then escorted out of the palace and Eva consoles Leopold, promising that she'll be able to give him an heir that is pure as snow after they are married. Months later, Cora gives birth to Zelena and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1689447", "chunk_text": "\"Aubrey Wentworth\"\neloping with Tess/Jessica and blackmailing Clint for a piece of his fortune and ownership of The Buchanan Mansion in exchange for committing their daughter to St. Anne's. Cutter later loses his piece of the Buchanan fortune and the mansion when he discovers that Clint had a loophole in the mansion's deed that he could take back ownership of the mansion anytime he wants to. Clint gives the mansion to his long-lost son Rex Balsom after he blackmails him for his entire fortune so that his recently \"\"deceased\"\" fiancée Gigi Morasco can donate her heart to Clint after he suffered a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12751435", "chunk_text": "\"Abigail Deveraux\"\nwith Abigail. After Thomas gets sick, it's revealed that Chad is his father, not Ben. In March 2016, Abigail marries Chad in a ceremony hosted at the DiMera mansion. At this time, Abigail begins to believe she is seeing hallucinations of Ben; in an attempt to confront her fears, she sets traps to see if she can catch him. When confronted by Ben, Abigail begins to question her own sanity and in a stint of absent-mindedness, she ties up and tortures Ben. As a result, Chad commits her Shady Hills psych ward; while there, she continues to be threatened by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7756878", "chunk_text": "\"Tina Lord\"\n1986, Clint ultimately lures Niki to witness a staged sexual encounter between him and Tina, which forces a shocked Viki to re-emerge. With Viki well and the sisters somewhat reconciled, Tina finds herself attracted to the good-natured Cord Roberts in 1986. When she discovers Cord is secretly Clint's son, Tina races to marry Cord before he knows he is a Buchanan heir. She succeeds, and Cord's paternity is revealed; he returns a gift of $1 million from his new-found grandfather, Asa Buchanan. Tina blackmails Asa (with the knowledge of his secret marriage to Pamela Stuart) into giving her the money.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299759", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nangrily tells Tanya the truth about Rainie. When Patrick questions Cora about a cake she is baking, she tells him it is for Ava's birthday, she is in fact alive and she was forced to give her up for adoption by her parents because she was unmarried and the baby was mixed race. Her erratic behaviour continues and she is subsequently fired from the charity shop. Patrick reveals to Tanya that Ava is alive, so Tanya tracks her down to a school in Dalston where she works as a deputy headmistress. Tanya is shocked to discover that Ava is mixed-race", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20189668", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Randolph Trimble\"\nCora Randolph Trimble Cora Randolph Trimble (May 29, 1871 – December 31, 1946) was an American socialite during the Gilded Age. Cora was born on May 29, 1871 and grew up at Brookwood, the family home in Mount St. Vincent on the Hudson River. She was the daughter of Edmund Dutilh Fitz Randolph, a banker and insurance executive, and Helen Earle (née Lothrop) Randolph. Among her siblings was Mary Welsh Randolph, who married Francis Egerton Webb, brother-in-law of Eliza Osgood Vanderbilt Webb and the son of Ambassador James Watson Webb. She was descended from the Fitz Randolph family that settled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19807665", "chunk_text": "\"One Life to Live characters (2000s)\"\nher to reconsider her frayed relationship with Asa Buchanan, the love of her life. Back in 2008, Moe proposes to Noelle, who accepts. In late 2008, an engaged Moe and Noelle visit Viki at the \"\"Buenos Dias Café,\"\" Carlotta Vega's burned-down diner rebuilt as a recreation of the Bon Jour Café. Dorian Lord invites Moe to be her personal chef, and he accepts. Later, as part of her plot to marry or gain power-of-attorney over Buchanan heir David, Dorian gives Moe her house and its contents. Moe and Noelle soon marry in Las Vegas on February 9, 2009. Noelle Ortiz", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2694292", "chunk_text": "\"Lindsay Rappaport\"\nLindsay. Even after Lindsay falls in love and marries hotshot lawyer Sam Rappaport (Kale Browne) and raises his two children, Lindsay is disappointed and angered when Sam's falls out of love with her and in love with Nora Hanen (Hillary B. Smith). A series of desperate affairs followed for Lindsay, including one with brother-in-law Colin MacIver, and the loveless marriage of Sam and Lindsay finally ended as their two children reached adulthood. Lindsay arrives in fictional Llanview following ex-husband Sam, immediately sparking a rivalry with Nora Hanen. She soon befriends and marries Clint Buchanan (Clint Ritchie), but the marriage falls", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7194608", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\ndaughter Abi Branning's (Lorna Fitzgerald) bridesmaid dress; Tanya does not want to see him so Cora attempts to sort him out. She tells Max that although the girls have his name, they are Crosses deep down. It is later revealed that Rainie is staying at Cora's house. Cora then attends Tanya's wedding, and finds it amusing when Jane Beale (Laurie Brett) says she kissed Greg the night before. Cora departs after the wedding on 15 April, and Rainie later reveals that she has moved out of her mother's home. Cora returns months later as she can no longer handle her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7344506", "chunk_text": "\"There's No Place Like Home (Once Upon a Time)\"\nGold and Belle are officially married, watched over by Belle's father Moe French and ordained minister Archie Hopper. The prisoner Emma rescued is revealed to be none other than Maid Marian, who eagerly runs to embrace Robin Hood and Roland. A distraught Regina notes that Emma has done exactly what her mother did: unintentionally ruin her chance for happiness by naively trying to make things better. Reduced to tears, Regina ominously warns Emma that Marian had better be the only thing she brought back. Back at the barn, a container from Rumplestiltskin's vault (which Hook accidentally disturbed in the vault)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8199891", "chunk_text": "\"Zelena (Once Upon a Time)\"\nobserved during Emma and Killian's wedding. Zelena was also an ally to Rumplestiltskin in Season 4, King Arthur in Season 5 and the Evil Queen in Season 6. Clinging to her dream to being more than a miller's daughter, Cora abandons her child in the woods, where a passing cyclone whisks the babe to Oz. Whilst walking along the yellow brick road, a woodcutter and his wife witness a cyclone and a small baby fall through it. The woman wishes to raise the baby as their own but her husband is more skeptical after seeing the baby move a tree", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7224087", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Crane\"\nand built what became a signature brothel in the LaVilla District. Called \"\"The Court\"\", it was located at the Southwest corner of Ward (now Houston) and Davis streets. The two-story brick building had 14 bedrooms (parlour rooms), a ballroom, kitchens, and dining room, and an annex with eight bedrooms. Business boomed and within short order, Cora expanded to take on partial ownership in several other \"\"resorts.\"\" She also built a grand tropical bordello at Pablo Beach, which she called the Palmetto Lodge. On June 1, 1905, Cora married Hammond P. McNeill. The 25-year-old man was the son of a prominent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12378085", "chunk_text": "\"Abby Newman\"\nand just married Ben Rayburn on December 31, 2015, but is having doubts. Married life seemed to be agreeing with Abby. It looked as if Ben and Abby had the perfect life laid out for them. That is until Stitch's (Ben Rayburn's) son Max was orphaned after his mom (Ben's ex) was suddenly killed in a fatal car accident the day of his and Abby's wedding. Stitch's son and mother were en route to the wedding so Max could be a part of his father's wedding. But misfortune took and Ben's son ended up at the Genoa City Police Department", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19413848", "chunk_text": "\"Leo Wyatt\"\nhim away just as the ceremony was beginning. The Elders ultimately allowed Leo to return, but placed him on probation to make sure their love wasn't interfering with their duties. The Elders eventually lifted their probation on Leo and allowed him to be engaged to Piper. The ceremony was performed by Grams, and the Elders allowed Patty Halliwell to return from the dead for one day to witness her daughter's wedding. Prue and Phoebe served as bridesmaids. The ceremony was also attended by Victor Bennett, Darryl Morris, and Cole. Throughout the fourth season, Leo and Piper discuss having a baby,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5299771", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Cross\"\nreturns after Abi contacts her and tells her that Lauren is engaged to Steven Beale (Aaron Sidwell). She is furious to discover Lauren has quit her job at Weyland and Co. Furthermore, she is surprised to discover that Max is now dating Carmel Kazemi (Bonnie Langford). She tells Lauren that she knows that Lauren doesn't love Steven and questions whether he is controlling her. Cora then encourages Lauren to visit Tanya. When Oscar is due to visit Max for his tenth birthday, Tanya changes her mind on letting Max see him when Denise informs Cora, about Max's part in conning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7238889", "chunk_text": "\"Bleeding Through (Once Upon a Time)\"\nto her aid, and it's revealed to be Prince Leopold, the future husband of Princess Eva (who he has yet to meet) and the future father of Snow White. As Leopold and Cora start to bond together, this eventually leads the two to get engaged. However, this union would start to unravel when Jonathan visits Cora in the gazebo and threatens to blackmail her because she hid the truth about the unborn baby and he has become greedy by using her. Cora decides to buy his silence by giving him gold in return, not knowing that Eva, who just arrived", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1091291", "chunk_text": "\"John Black (Days of Our Lives)\"\nMarlena began to wonder about John Black's \"\"true\"\" identity. The pair came to believe that John was really Marlena's husband, Roman Brady, who had been presumed dead. They resumed their lives as a happily married couple and parents. John Black, now Roman Brady, rejoined the Salem PD, and due to his sleuthing prowess, received a promotion to Commander. The couple's happiness was fleeting as Marlena was kidnapped and purportedly died. \"\"Roman\"\" moved on, eventually getting engaged to Isabella Toscano. Around the same time, though, Marlena reappeared in Salem alive, and was reunited with \"\"Roman\"\". That same year, Wayne Northrop was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14619719", "chunk_text": "\"Belle (Once Upon a Time)\"\na replica) and the two are married at the wishing well. Belle and Rumple share a blissful honeymoon in the Sorcerer's mansion, where Rumple discovers the Sorcerer's Hat. With Rumple's help, Belle discovers the Snow Queen's lair and is taunted by her reflection in the Snow Queen's magic mirror, causing her to question her faith in Rumple and their relationship. She quickly sets these doubts aside, however. Later, Belle helps Emma and Elsa deduce the Snow Queen's ultimate goal. Belle eventually learns of Rumple's deception, tearfully banishing her husband from the town with the power of the real dagger before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13396711", "chunk_text": "\"Abigail Deveraux\"\nLater, Abby begins bonding with Chad again, and their feelings are rekindled. They spend New Year's Eve together and, ironically, a year after they break up, they end up sharing a few kisses, and decide to get closer. Abby also becomes Gabi Hernandez's maid-of-honor in her wedding to Abby's cousin, Nick Fallon. When Chad ruins the wedding (which he attends as Abby's date) by revealing that Nick is not the father of Will Horton's baby Arianna, Abigail then tells Chad she is done with him. They then reconcile and on September 17, Chad and Abigail make love for the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14664518", "chunk_text": "\"The Miller's Daughter (Once Upon a Time)\"\nfinancial woes, and that she has nothing to offer him. Cora boasts that she can turn straw to gold, but will deny the king this gift because of his insults. King Xavier presents her to the ball with her claim. Cora claims she needs time to prepare, so he has her locked in a tower full of straw to spin into gold by morning; she can marry Henry if she succeeds, but will be put to death if she fails. As Cora considers jumping from the tower window, Rumplestiltskin (Robert Carlyle) appears. He demonstrates that he can spin straw into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8196361", "chunk_text": "\"Regina Mills\"\nHenry consumed the curse instead. This finally caused Emma to believe in magic, awakening Henry with true love's kiss and breaking the curse. However, defeated once more, Regina's new love for her son drove her to wish to redeem herself. Her plans for redemption were flouted when her mother Cora, whom she had thought dead at the hands of the pirate Captain Hook, returned. Cora framed Regina for the death of Dr. Archibald Hopper and forged an alliance with her. In the ensuing struggle of love versus power, Regina was eventually manipulated by Snow into killing her own mother, creating", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4711361", "chunk_text": "\"Melanie Hamilton\"\nan end. Eventually, Ashley returns to Tara and Melanie is overjoyed. Soon, Scarlett remarries her sister's fiance Frank Kennedy and moves to Atlanta. The Wilkes move there also with their little boy after Melanie persuades Ashley to help Scarlett start a lumber business. After Frank's accidental death (attributed to Scarlett's controversial business practices), Scarlett marries Rhett Butler. Melanie becomes a social pillar of Atlanta, known for her charity and kindness. She even takes in an old convict, Archie. He, along with India Wilkes, witness Scarlett's embrace with Ashley one day at the mill. Melanie refuses to believe the rumors that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14664517", "chunk_text": "\"The Miller's Daughter (Once Upon a Time)\"\nEva, a young woman, trips Cora, causing her to spill the flour. King Xavier (Joaquim de Almeida) refuses to pay for the flour and orders Cora to beg forgiveness on her knees. That night, Cora sneaks into a masked ball held for King Xavier's son Prince Henry (Zak Santiago). She criticizes the event as an opportunity for the king to sell his son to a wealthy bride, and is overheard by Henry. The prince invites her to dance, but they are interrupted by the king, who recognizes Cora. He tells her that he is superior to her, despite his kingdom's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_232	what nfl team is robert griffin the third playing for?	n/a	[ "currently a free agent" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748379", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nRobert Griffin III Robert Lee Griffin III (born February 12, 1990), nicknamed RG3 or RGIII, is an American football quarterback for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Baylor, where he won the 2011 Heisman Trophy. He was drafted by the Washington Redskins second overall in the first round of the 2012 NFL Draft, who traded up to get him. Griffin had a successful rookie season with the Redskins, setting records for the highest passer rating and highest touchdown to interception ratio by a rookie quarterback, and leading the Redskins to the top", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17133059", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nand signed shortly after with the Cleveland Browns. His tenure with the Browns was also plagued with injuries, and he was subsequently released after one season. After spending the entire 2017 season as a free agent, Griffin signed a one-year deal with the Ravens in 2018. Griffin was born in Okinawa, Japan, where his parents, Robert Jr. and Jacqueline, both U.S. Army sergeants, were stationed. The family later lived at Fort Lewis near Tacoma, Washington, and then moved to New Orleans, Louisiana. They finally settled in Copperas Cove, Texas in 1997 after retiring from the military. Griffin's paternal grandfather, Robert", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18565813", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nAccording to ESPN's Dollars blog, Griffin had \"\"earned more than any other rookie in NFL history before throwing his first regular-season pass,\"\" largely as a result of endorsements. Robert Griffin III Robert Lee Griffin III (born February 12, 1990), nicknamed RG3 or RGIII, is an American football quarterback for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Baylor, where he won the 2011 Heisman Trophy. He was drafted by the Washington Redskins second overall in the first round of the 2012 NFL Draft, who traded up to get him. Griffin had a successful rookie", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6343064", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Griffin (American football)\"\n9, 2016. On September 3, 2016, he was placed on injured reserve. On September 8, he was released from the Vikings' injured reserve. On September 27, 2016, Griffin signed with the Carolina Panthers. On May 6, 2018, he signed a one-day contract to retire as a member of the Tennessee Titans. In 2018, Griffin played as a member of the Roadrunners led by former quarterback, Michael Vick, in the American Flag Football League. Key In college, Griffin was an honors student majoring in youth and community studies. He graduated from the University of Texas' College of Education in May 2017.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1908872", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin (offensive lineman)\"\nRobert Griffin (offensive lineman) Robert Torrez Griffin (born November 22, 1989) is an American football offensive guard for the Texas Revolution of Champions Indoor Football (CIF). He was selected by the New York Jets in the sixth round, 203rd overall, in the 2012 NFL Draft. He played college football at Baylor University. Griffin attended Navarro College immediately after graduating from high school, before transferring to Baylor in 2010. When he arrived the more famous Robert Griffin III was already on the roster. Sharing the same name as the quarterback brought Griffin some notoriety before the draft. The New York Jets", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658403", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nmillion contract with the Cleveland Browns. On August 8, 2016, Browns head coach Hue Jackson named Griffin the team's starting quarterback for the 2016 season. Griffin was placed on injured reserve on September 12, after suffering a shoulder injury in the Browns' season opening loss to the Philadelphia Eagles. He was activated off injured reserve on December 9, 2016, prior to Week 14 against the Bengals. Griffin played in five games, all starts, in 2016, completing 87-of-147 passes for 886 yards and 2 touchdowns with 3 interceptions. He also rushed for 190 yards and two touchdowns. On March 10, 2017,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658404", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nGriffin was released by the Browns. On April 4, 2018, Griffin signed a one-year contract with the Baltimore Ravens. On September 2, 2018, Griffin was named the team's backup quarterback. Griffin began dating fellow Baylor student Rebecca Liddicoat in 2009, and the two were married on July 6, 2013. Rebecca gave birth to Griffin's first child, Reese Ann Griffin, on May 21, 2015. On August 16, 2016, it was reported that Griffin and his wife were separated and in the process of filing for divorce. In August 2016, Griffin and Estonian heptathlete Grete Šadeiko became romantically linked. They were engaged", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658399", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nseason with 3,203 passing yards, 16 passing touchdowns, and 12 interceptions to go along with 86 carries for 489 rushing yards and a rushing touchdown. On September 14, 2014, in Week 2, against the Jacksonville Jaguars, Griffin was carted off the field after suffering a dislocated left ankle. X-rays and MRIs revealed no fractures in the ankle. On October 29, it was reported that Griffin was set to return against the Minnesota Vikings in week 9. The Redskins then dropped their next three games, falling to the Vikings, Buccaneers, and 49ers. On November 25, it was reported that Griffin would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658401", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nGriffin showed strides of his rookie year. He threw for a season-high 336 yards and had 2 touchdowns (one passing, one rushing) in a 44–17 loss. Griffin was 2–5 as a starter in 2014 and the Redskins finished 4–12 and last place in their division. During Week 2 of preseason in a win over the Detroit Lions, Griffin fumbled the ball and recovered it but had a defensive lineman fall on top of him. Griffin suffered a concussion in the process and was questionable for the next game against the Ravens. Griffin was medically cleared for the game by a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658402", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nphysician, but a few days later the same physician declared Griffin not ready for the game, thus giving backup Kirk Cousins the start. After the win over the Ravens, Cousins was named the starter for the regular season opener and onward. On September 13, 2015, it was reported that Griffin was practicing as a safety with the scout team. He ended up third on the quarterback depth chart, behind Cousins and Colt McCoy, and remained inactive for the entire regular season. On March 7, 2016, Griffin was released by the Redskins. On March 24, 2016, Griffin signed a two-year, $15", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18565812", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\non May 13, 2017. On July 2, 2017, Griffin announced via Instagram the birth of their daughter, Gloria Griffin. The couple married on March 10, 2018. Griffin grew up a fan of the Denver Broncos and Mike Shanahan, whom he played under for his first two seasons with the Redskins. Griffin is a Protestant Christian, and has said his relationship with God is his \"\"most important influence.\"\" Before the start of his rookie season with the Redskins, Griffin had signed a number of endorsement deals from companies such as Adidas, Castrol Motor Oil, EA Sports, EvoShield, Gatorade, Nissan, and Subway.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17133058", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nof their division and their first playoff appearance in five seasons. He won the 2012 NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year award and although unable to participate due to a knee injury he suffered late in the season, was named to enter the 2013 Pro Bowl. However, Griffin was less successful during his subsequent tenure with the Redskins as he was plagued by injuries and poor performance. After suffering a concussion during the 2015 preseason, Griffin was replaced by Kirk Cousins who played the rest of the season. He was released by the team following the end of the season,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748405", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nto injuries on his ACL and LCL ligaments in his right knee, he was negated from the Pro Bowl roster and replaced by Drew Brees. Griffin also won the 2012 NFL Offensive Rookie of the Year award. After some controversy over whether Griffin would be ready for the season opener (he did not play a single preseason game), he debuted in the loss to Philadelphia Eagles. Griffin failed to replicate his 2012 success during the first half of the 2013 season and remained statistically below expectations until Washington's Week 7 game against the Chicago Bears. Leading the Redskins to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1908873", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin (offensive lineman)\"\ndrafted Griffin using their sixth round selection in the 2012 NFL Draft. Griffin signed a four-year contract on May 15, 2012. On August 31, 2012, Griffin was waived. Griffin was signed to the Indianapolis Colts' practice squad on December 12, 2012. He was released on December 18, 2012. Griffin was signed to a reserve/future contract on January 1, 2013. Griffin was waived by the Colts on August 1, 2013. On March 22, 2017, Griffin was released by the Marshals. On March 27, 2017, Griffin signed with the Texas Revolution. Robert Griffin (offensive lineman) Robert Torrez Griffin (born November 22, 1989)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748399", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nwas further rewarded after he was named \"\"NFL Rookie of the Week\"\", and he was given that honor once again after the Redskins' win over the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Week 4. On October 4, he was named September's \"\"NFL Offensive Rookie of the Month.\"\" The next week against the Atlanta Falcons, he left the game late in the third quarter after suffering a mild concussion after receiving a blow to the head by Sean Weatherspoon. He was cleared to play in the next game against the Minnesota Vikings, where he had another impressive performance that included a 76-yard rushing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658387", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nhimself as the No. 2 quarterback prospect for the 2012 NFL Draft, behind the unanimous first pick projection Andrew Luck. Griffin was widely projected to be the No. 2 pick of the draft, but the St. Louis Rams—the team originally holding the pick—had already selected Sam Bradford to be their long-term starting quarterback with the No. 1 overall pick in the 2010 NFL Draft. Wanting to stick with Bradford, the Rams decided to deal the pick prior to the draft, with the Cleveland Browns and Washington Redskins perceived as the most interested bidders. After a brief bidding process, the Redskins", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748398", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nsigning bonus. On September 9, 2012, Griffin officially became the NFL's first starting quarterback who was born in the 1990s. In his official debut as a starting quarterback in the NFL, Griffin opened the Redskins' season by completing 19 of 26 passes for 320 yards and 2 touchdowns while adding 10 carries for 42 rushing yards in a 40–32 victory over the New Orleans Saints. He was named \"\"NFC Offensive Player of the Week\"\" for his performance – the first time in NFL history that a rookie quarterback has been given that honor for his debut game. Griffin's debut performance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18565803", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nmade him the first player in the history of the \"\"Big Four\"\" professional sports leagues (NFL, MLB, NHL, and NBA) to have a Roman numeral on the back of his jersey, as the NFL changed the rule in 2012 to allow players to include generational titles in their names. Griffin previously had \"\"Griffin III\"\" on the back of his jersey while in college, which was actually necessary in order to distinguish him from the other Robert Griffin on the Baylor team. On July 18, 2012, the Redskins officially signed him to a four-year, $21.1 million contract with a $13.8 million", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658400", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nbe benched for Colt McCoy, heading into Sunday's game against the Indianapolis Colts. After McCoy went down with a neck injury against the New York Giants, Griffin came in and looked impressive in a loss to the Giants, throwing for 236 yards and 1 touchdown passing. Griffin was named the starter for the rest of the year when the Redskins put Colt McCoy on injured reserve. Griffin responded to that with a winning performance in a 27–24 victory over the Eagles. He threw for 220 yards and had one interception. In the final game of the year against the Cowboys,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17133075", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nright knee, twisting it in the process. On the final drive of the fourth quarter, Griffin was tackled after rushing for 13 yards and hopped on one leg for several plays before leaving the game. Backup quarterback Kirk Cousins would come in the game and lead the Redskins to a 31–28, overtime victory. The next day it was confirmed that Griffin had sustained a Grade 1 LCL sprain. It was decided that Griffin would sit out the next game against the Cleveland Browns to give him more time to heal and avoid the chance of further injuries. He returned the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748396", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nacquired the pick by giving the Rams four high-value draft picks over three years: their first-round picks in 2012 (No.6 overall), 2013 (No.22 overall), and 2014 (No.2 overall), as well as their second-round pick (No.39 overall) in 2012. As expected, the Redskins selected Griffin with the second overall pick, making him the second Baylor Bear to be drafted that high in four years (after Jason Smith in 2009), but the first Baylor quarterback to be chosen second overall since Adrian Burk in 1950. Griffin wore number 10 for the Redskins, with \"\"Griffin III\"\" on the back of his jersey. This", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15399663", "chunk_text": "\"Shaquill Griffin\"\nwas projected to be a third- or fourth-round pick by NFL draft experts and scouts. He was ranked the 17th-best cornerback prospect in the draft by NFLDraftScout.com. The Seattle Seahawks selected Griffin in the third round (90th overall) of the 2017 NFL Draft. He was the 13th cornerback selected in 2017. On June 15, 2017, the Seattle Seahawks signed Griffin to a four-year, $3.25 million contract that includes a signing bonus of $758,620. Griffin joined the defensive unit nicknamed the Legion of Boom for its final season. Throughout training camp, Griffin competed against Jeremy Lane, DeShawn Shead, and Neiko Thorpe", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748400", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\ntouchdown. The Redskins ended their home-game losing streak and Griffin was named \"\"NFL Rookie of the Week\"\" for a third time. On November 14 during the Redskins' bye week, the team voted Griffin an offensive co-captain. Following the Redskins' 31–6 victory against the Philadelphia Eagles, he was named \"\"NFC Offensive Player of the Week\"\" for a second time. Griffin's performance – passing for 200 yards with 4 touchdowns, rushing for an additional 84 yards, and finishing with a perfect 158.3 passer rating – made him the first rookie in NFL history to pass for 200 yards, pass for 4 touchdowns", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658398", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\n45–41 victory, Griffin recorded 298 passing yards and two touchdowns, including a 45-yard touchdown pass to Aldrick Robinson. The Redskins' 27–6 loss against the San Francisco 49ers in Week 12 was the first game in Griffin's collegiate and professional career where he failed to score a single offensive touchdown. On December 11, head coach Mike Shanahan announced that Griffin would be inactive for last three games of the season and that Kirk Cousins would finish the season as the starter. He claimed that it was done in order to eliminate risk of further injury to Griffin. He finished the 2013", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10412608", "chunk_text": "\"David Griffin (American football)\"\nDavid Griffin (American football) David Christian Griffin, Jr. (born September 26, 1991) is an American football offensive lineman for the Richmond Roughriders of the American Arena League (AAL). He played college football at University of Hawaii at Manoa and attended Florida A&M University Developmental Research School in Tallahassee, Florida. He has also been a member of the Edmonton Eskimos, Iowa Barnstormers, Cedar Rapids Titans, Cleveland Gladiators and Columbus Lions. Griffin attended North Florida Christian High School through this junior year before transferring to Florida A&M University Developmental Research School in Tallahassee, Florida where he played football and basketball. Griffin attended", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "338214", "chunk_text": "\"Kris Griffin\"\nKris Griffin Kristofor Lawrence Griffin (born May 27, 1981) is a former American football linebacker. He was originally signed by the Kansas City Chiefs as an undrafted free agent in 2005. He played college football at Indiana University of Pennsylvania. His younger brother Kirby Griffin played in the Arena Football League. Now he resides in Katy, Texas where he works at Tays Junior high school as a boy's athletic coach. He was also a member of the Cleveland Browns, Jacksonville Jaguars and Las Vegas Locomotives. Griffin attended Rochester Area High School where he played both at safety and wide receiver.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18565800", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nof Arts degree in political science with a 3.67 grade point average in December 2010, began pursuing a Master's in communications in 2011. On January 11, 2012, Griffin officially announced his intention to enter the 2012 NFL Draft. Griffin set or tied 8 single-game, 26 single-season, and 20 career Baylor records. Griffin was not perceived as a first-round draft pick prior to his junior season. By midseason, however, he had drawn the attention of NFL scouts and analysts, and some started projecting he would be an early first round selection. Towards the end of his junior season, Griffin had established", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658396", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nwere repaired. For the season, Griffin set records for highest passer rating by a rookie quarterback (102.4) and highest touchdown to interception ratio (4:1) (Both since broken by Dak Prescott). Aside from the week 15 game against the Cleveland Browns where he did not play, Griffin played a vital role in helping the Redskins finish the regular season on a 7-game winning streak after starting the season 3–6, leading the team to its first playoff appearance since the 2007 season. On December 26, Griffin was named to enter the 2013 Pro Bowl in recognition of his successful rookie season. Due", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18565795", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nOlympic Trials, in which he advanced to the semifinals. Griffin graduated in three years with a bachelor's degree in political science and a 3.67 GPA, while appearing on the dean's list twice. During his final year of college sports eligibility, he was studying for a master's degree in communications. As a true freshman playing for the Bears, Griffin earned Big 12 Conference Offensive Freshman of the Year honors. He started 11 of 12 games his freshman season. He made his collegiate debut in a loss to Wake Forest, where he was 11 of 19 for 125 passing yards and had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16658382", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nMay 18, 2008, with a time of 49.22 seconds. Rivals.com, a college football recruiting service, ranked Griffin the fourth-best dual-threat quarterback in the nation and the 42nd-best player in Texas in the high school prospect class of 2008. During the college recruiting period, Griffin was pursued by Stanford, Tennessee, Kansas, Nebraska, Houston, Tulsa, Illinois, Washington State, and Oregon. Griffin initially committed to play for Houston under head coach Art Briles. When Briles left Houston to take the head coaching position at Baylor, Griffin switched his commitment and eventually signed a letter of intent to play for Baylor, in part because", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10412610", "chunk_text": "\"David Griffin (American football)\"\nIndoor Football League in 2016. Griffin started 9 of 16 games for the Barnstormers. Griffin re-signed with the Barnstormers for 2017. He was released on February 16, 2017. On February 21, 2017, Griffin signed with the Cedar Rapids Titans. On March 24, 2017, Griffin was placed on the transfer list. On March 23, 2017, Griffin was assigned to the Cleveland Gladiators. On April 26, 2017, Griffin was placed on reassignment. On May 1, 2017, Griffin was placed on league suspension. On May 4, 2017, Griffin signed with the Columbus Lions. On August 4, 2017, Griffin re-signed with the Lions. David", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11939487", "chunk_text": "\"Ryan Griffin (tight end)\"\nHe started in the Houston Texans' season-opener against the Jacksonville Jaguars, but exited the game in the second quarter after suffering a concussion. On September 24, 2017, Griffin caught a season-high five passes for 61-yards and a touchdown during a 36–33 loss at the New England Patriots in Week 3. On November 5, 2017, Griffin suffered his second concussion of the season during the Texans' 20–14 loss to the Indianapolis Colts in Week 9. On November 10, 2017, the Houston Texans placed Griffin on injured reserve for the remainder of the season. He finished the 2017 NFL season with 13", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11939486", "chunk_text": "\"Ryan Griffin (tight end)\"\n52-yards during a 27–0 loss at the New England Patriots. On December 18, 2016, Griffin made eight receptions for a season-high 85-yards in the Texans' 21–20 victory against the Jacksonville Jaguars in Week 15. He finished the season with a career-high 50 receptions for 442 receiving yards and two touchdowns in 16 games and five starts. On January 16, 2017, the Houston Texans fired offensive coordinator George Godsey. Head coach Bill O'Brien took over duties as the Texans' offensive coordinator. On March 11, 2017, the Houston Texans signed Griffin to a three-year, $9 million contract that includes $3.22 million guaranteed.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10441547", "chunk_text": "\"Garrett Griffin\"\nthe New Orleans Saints as an undrafted free agent on June 6, 2016. He was waived by the Saints on September 3, 2016 and was signed to the practice squad the next day. After spending the entire season on the practice squad, Griffin signed a reserve/future contract with the Saints on January 2, 2017. On September 2, 2017, Griffin was waived by the Saints and was signed to the practice squad the next day. He was promoted to the active roster on December 2, 2017. He was placed on injured reserve on January 3, 2018 with a foot injury. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15787081", "chunk_text": "\"Ryan Griffin (quarterback)\"\npercentage. He is 2nd in passing yards, passing yards per game, pass attempts per game, completions per game, and 300-yard passing games. Griffin finished his college career with 9026 yards, 56 touchdowns, and 35 interceptions. Griffin signed with the New Orleans Saints as an undrafted free agent following the 2013 NFL Draft. On August 31, 2013, Griffin was released. On September 1, 2013, Griffin was re-signed to the Saints' Practice Squad. He was placed on the active roster on October 22, 2013, only after the St. Louis Rams offered Griffin an opportunity to sign with them. To facilitate Griffin's signing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748403", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nnext game and led the Redskins to another victory over the Eagles in Week 16. The knee injury emerged as a controversy on January 6, the day the Redskins faced the Seattle Seahawks in the NFC wild card game, when \"\"USA Today\"\" reported that – contrary to a previous statement made by Head Coach Mike Shanahan – Dr. James Andrews had not cleared Griffin to return for the post-injury plays in the December 9 game. Griffin then re-injured his knee in the wild card loss to the Seahawks. Griffin underwent surgery on January 9 and both his LCL and ACL", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748401", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nand rush for more than 75 yards in a single game. Along with that achievement, his performance against the Eagles made him the youngest player in NFL history, at 22 years and 284 days old, to achieve a perfect passer rating in a game. This record stood until 2015, when Tennessee Titans quarterback Marcus Mariota threw for a perfect passer rating at 21 years and 318 days old in his debut. In the Week 14 game against the Baltimore Ravens on December 9, the Redskins would suffer another injury scare when defensive end Haloti Ngata hit Griffin directly at his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17133060", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nGriffin Sr., was a foreman for a New Orleans construction company. He suffered from glaucoma for several years, and died in 1984 at age 43 from a brain aneurysm. Financial hardship caused the family to move to the Desire Projects neighborhood. Griffin's father was a basketball player at Kennedy High School and enlisted in the Army before he graduated. He met his wife Jacqueline (née Ross) while stationed in Fort Carson, Colorado. Griffin attended Copperas Cove High School, where he was a three-sport star in basketball, football, and track for the Bulldawgs. He started at quarterback for two seasons. During", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15787083", "chunk_text": "\"Ryan Griffin (quarterback)\"\nJameis Winston and Mike Glennon. He did not play any snaps during his first two seasons. On August 30, 2017, Griffin signed a one-year contract extension with the Buccaneers. He was placed on injured reserve on September 4, 2017 after suffering a shoulder injury in the preseason. He was activated off injured reserve to the active roster on November 7, 2017 to back up Ryan Fitzpatrick after starter Jameis Winston was sidelined with an injury. Ryan Griffin (quarterback) Ryan Griffin (born November 17, 1989) is an American football quarterback for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3270291", "chunk_text": "\"Quentin Griffin\"\nChiefs on a one-year deal, but in September 2006, he was cut from the team. On February 23, 2007, Griffin was chosen by the Hamburg Sea Devils as the second overall pick in the NFL Europa Free Agent Draft. Griffin was the Sea Devils' top rusher with a 4.6 yard average and was third-best among starting running backs in the NFLE. The multi-dimensional Griffin also led NFL Europa in kickoff return average. On February 29, 2008, he was signed to a one-year plus an option year contract with the Saskatchewan Roughriders. He was released by the Roughriders on June 20,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11981342", "chunk_text": "\"Quentin Griffin\"\nNational Football League with the 11th pick of the fourth round (108th overall) in the 2003 NFL Draft. He went on to appear in 16 games, including five starts in his initial two seasons in the league. He even set a Broncos franchise record in 2004 for most rushing yards in a season opener with a career-high 156 yards on 23 carries against the Kansas City Chiefs while also scoring the first three touchdowns of his pro career. His rise to the top came to a sudden halt in 2004 when he tore the ACL in his right knee in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20748391", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nthird start of his sophomore year. The Bears picked up a 68–13 victory over Northwestern State. Baylor finished the season with a 4–8 record (1–7 Big 12). Griffin was granted redshirt status so he entered the 2010 season as a sophomore. According to the bylaws, players who are injured after playing less than 30 percent of the season may be eligible (Griffin was injured during the third game of the 2009 season, with 25 percent of the season completed). Overall, he finished the season with 3,501 passing yards, 22 passing touchdowns, eight interceptions, and had 149 rushes for 635 rushing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10054217", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Griffin (American football)\"\nCarolina Panthers. On March 5, 2012 Griffin was assigned the franchise tag worth $6.2 million. On June 19, 2012 Griffin signed a 5-year $35 million contract. In Griffin's first season since signing his new contract he had 79 tackles, 2 forced fumbles, 1 sack, 4 interceptions and 4 pass deflections while playing all 16 games for a sixth season in a row. In a week 2 game against the New England Patriots, Griffin record a career-high 18 tackles. On November 9, 2012, Griffin was fined $20,000 for his horse-collar tackle on Chicago Bears running back Matt Forte. In the 2013", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15787078", "chunk_text": "\"Ryan Griffin (quarterback)\"\nRyan Griffin (quarterback) Ryan Griffin (born November 17, 1989) is an American football quarterback for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the New Orleans Saints as an undrafted free agent in 2013. He played college football at Tulane. After redshirting for the 2008 season, Ryan Griffin played in nine games of the 2009 season. Even though he was only a freshman, he led the team in total offense, passing attempts, completions, passing yards, and touchdown passes, while finishing 2nd in completion percentage and passing efficiency. All of his offensive numbers stand as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15787082", "chunk_text": "\"Ryan Griffin (quarterback)\"\nto the active roster, linebacker Martez Wilson was waived. On September 2, 2014, it was announced that the Saints had waived Griffin and re-signed kicker Shayne Graham to the 53-man roster. After clearing waivers on September 3, 2014, Griffin was re-signed to the Saints practice squad. To make room for Griffin, linebacker Todd Davis was released from the practice squad. Griffin was released on September 5, 2015 for final roster cuts before the start of the season. On September 6, 2015, Griffin was claimed off waivers by the Buccaneers. In 2015 and 2016, Griffin was the Buccaneers' third-string quarterback behind", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9181053", "chunk_text": "\"Rex Grossman\"\nlead the Redskins to a 3–1 start before being benched in a four-interception week 5 performance against the Eagles in favor of Beck. Grossman returned week 10 in a loss to the Dolphins. He led a last-minute touchdown drive the next week to tie Dallas but lost in overtime. He helped the Redskins snap a six-game skid the next week with a 23–17 win over the Seattle Seahawks in which he threw 314 yards, two interceptions, and two touchdowns. The Redskins re-signed Grossman to another one-year contract on March 17, 2012. The Redskins drafted Robert Griffin III (second overall) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9029941", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Jones (American football)\"\nwide receiver in the NFL for the Minnesota Vikings. Robert's second son Zay was a wide receiver at East Carolina University and the all-time receptions leader (399) in the history of college football. Zay was drafted by the Buffalo Bills in the second round of the 2017 NFL Draft. His third son, Levi, signed to play with the USC Trojans on February 1, 2017. Robert Jones (American football) Robert Lee Jones (born September 27, 1969) is a former American football linebacker in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys, St. Louis Rams, Miami Dolphins, and Washington Redskins. He played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11939488", "chunk_text": "\"Ryan Griffin (tight end)\"\nreceptions for 158 receiving yards and a touchdown in seven games and six starts. Griffin entered training camp slated as the \"\"de facto\"\" No. 1 tight end on the depth chart after C. J. Fiedorowicz announced his retirement due to concern over his numerous concussions. Griffin competed to retain his role against rookie Jordan Akins. Head coach Bill O'Brien named Griffin the starting tight end to begin the 2018 NFL season. Ryan Griffin (tight end) Ryan Francis Griffin (born January 11, 1990) is an American football tight end for the Houston Texans of the National Football League (NFL). He was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17133067", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Griffin III\"\nfor 359 yards, with 5 touchdowns and a 77.8% completion percentage. On the game-winning drive, Griffin also caught a key pass. Following the win, Baylor entered the AP Poll rankings for only the third time in the previous 15 seasons, at 20th, and Griffin was considered by many to be a Heisman Trophy candidate. After a bye week, Baylor shut out Stephen F. Austin State University 48–0, and Griffin went 20 of 22 (90.9%) for 247 yards and 3 touchdowns and ran for 78 yards. In week 4, Griffin ushered Baylor to their third win, beating Rice University 56–31; Griffin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6257314", "chunk_text": "\"Shaquem Griffin\"\nand subsequently claimed a controversial national championship. Griffin told Ralph Warner and NFL Network in November 2017 that he planned to continue his football career in the NFL. Shaquem stayed at UCF one season longer than Shaquill, as Shaquem redshirted his freshman year while Shaquill saw playing time. Shaquill graduated and was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the third round (90th overall pick) of the 2017 NFL Draft, while Shaquem stayed on for his redshirt senior year at UCF. After the end of his college career, Griffin was named as one of two recipients of the 2019 NCAA Inspiration", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_233	who owns the dower house in the archers?	n/a	[ "Lilian Bellamy", "Caroline Sterling" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18728187", "chunk_text": "\"Dowsby Hall\"\nDowsby Hall Dowsby Hall is an early 17th-century house situated in Dowsby, Lincolnshire, England, and to the north of Bourne. Originally a much grander house, attributed to the architect John Thorpe, it was converted to farm house in the late 18th century. It is listed Grade II*. From about 1920 to 1987, it was the home of Henry Burtt, who suggested the idea of the radio programme The Archers to the BBC producer Godfrey Baseley. The land on which the house stands was acquired by Thomas Rigdon of Chartham in Kent when he married Anne heiress of Anthony Villiers, whose", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12332373", "chunk_text": "\"The Archers\"\nrewritten and rerecorded at short notice, such as the death of Princess Margaret (particularly poignant because she had appeared as herself on the programme), the World Trade Center attacks, and the 7 July 2005 London bombings. The events and implications of the 2001 foot-and-mouth crisis required many \"\"topical inserts\"\" and the rewriting of several storylines. In January 2012, Oliver Sterling, owner of Grange Farm, together with his tenant, Ed Grundy, elected to vaccinate the badgers on their farm in an attempt to prevent the spread of bovine tuberculosis. The plotline came within weeks of the government confirming a badger cull", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12332369", "chunk_text": "\"The Archers\"\nlistening figures. Partly established with the aim towards educating farmers following World War II, \"\"The Archers\"\" soon became a popular source of entertainment for the population at large, attracting nine million listeners by 1953. \"\"The Archers\"\" is set in the fictional village of Ambridge in the fictional county of Borsetshire, in England. Borsetshire is situated between, in reality, the contiguous counties of Worcestershire and Warwickshire, south of Birmingham in The Midlands. Possibly based on the village of Cutnall Green, various other villages claim to be the inspiration for Ambridge; \"\"The Bull\"\", Ambridge's pub, is modelled on The Old Bull in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20844778", "chunk_text": "\"Delaval Astley, 23rd Baron Hastings\"\n2007, becoming the 23rd Baron Hastings and 13th Baronet Astley. The most recent Astley family seat was at Seaton Delaval Hall in Northumberland, prior to its being sold to the National Trust in December 2009. Lord Hastings is married to Veronica M. Smart, now Lady Astley, and the couple have one son and two daughters. For some years he played the character of Cameron Fraser in the long-running British radio drama \"\"The Archers\"\". Lord Hastings now resides near Letheringsett in Norfolk, where he is currently a farmer and businessman. He has been involved in a variety of local projects, such", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1917617", "chunk_text": "Borchester\nBorchester Borchester is a fictional town in the BBC Radio 4 radio series \"\"The Archers\"\". It is the county town of the fictional county of Borsetshire. According to series tradition it is located 6 miles north-east of Ambridge in the Am Vale and is an historic market and wool town. These typically English country-town features are complemented by more modern additions, such as Underwoods (an upmarket department store), Jaxx bar, which was previously a café both managed by Kenton Archer, and Ambridge Organics, the shop run by Helen Archer, who also makes the Borsetshire Blue cheese sold in Underwoods. As", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7719530", "chunk_text": "\"Dower house\"\ndeath duties upon the unexpected death of the 10th Duke in 1950. Byfleet Manor in Surrey served as the filming location of the dower house in the ITV's series \"\"Downton Abbey\"\". Dower house On an English, Scottish or Welsh estate, a dower house is usually a moderately large house available for use by the widow of the estate-owner. The widow, often known as the \"\"dowager\"\", usually moves into the dower house from the larger family house on the death of her husband if the heir is married, and upon his marriage if he was single at his succession. The new", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12332376", "chunk_text": "\"The Archers\"\nthus she is able to fit her work around recordings. Meanwhile, Graham Blockey, who plays Robert Snell, worked till recently as a full-time general practitioner in Surrey, commuting to and from BBC Birmingham at weekends and on his days off. He kept his role secret from his patients, for fear of losing their respect, until his retirement from medicine in March, 2017. Other examples include Felicity Finch (Ruth Archer), who also works as a BBC journalist having travelled on a number of occasions to Afghanistan; and Ian Pepperell (Roy Tucker), who manages a pub in the New Forest. A five-episodes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6528070", "chunk_text": "\"The Archers\"\nInkberrow, whereas Hanbury's St Mary the Virgin is often used as a stand-in for Ambridge's parish church, St Stephen's. Other fictional villages include Penny Hassett, Loxley Barrett, Darrington, Hollerton, Edgeley, Waterley Cross and Lakey Green. The county town of Borsetshire is Borchester, and the nearest big city is the cathedral city of Felpersham. Felpersham also has a university. Anywhere further from Ambridge may be referred to humorously with comments such as 'that's on the other side of Felpersham!', but characters do occasionally venture further: several attended the Countryside Alliance march in London, there have been references to the gay scene", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15038288", "chunk_text": "\"Jeffrey Archer\"\nJames Archer (born 1974), a financial adviser and businessman. Mary Archer has said that she does not consider sexual fidelity to be an important factor in a successful marriage, suggesting that friendship and loyalty are more important qualities. In 1979 the Archers purchased the Old Vicarage, Grantchester, a house associated with the poet Rupert Brooke. Every summer, they host a lavish garden party in the grounds to celebrate their wedding anniversary. By the early 1980s Archer was back in a comfortable financial position and began to hold shepherd's pie and Krug parties for prominent people at his London apartment, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14776805", "chunk_text": "\"West Wycombe Park\"\nthe house. On close inspection, it proves to be a fibre glass prop found at Pinewood Studios by the 11th Baronet who paid for it with 12 bottles of champagne. The local planning authority was furious but lost their lawsuit to have it removed. Today, from a distance, it has been \"\"known to fool experts\"\". The present head of the Dashwood family is Sir Edward Dashwood (born 1964), who is married and has three children. The contents of the house are owned by the family, who also own and run the estate. The house can be hired as a filming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13151619", "chunk_text": "\"Queen's Bower\"\nlodge for hunting deer in Borthwood, owned in the 13th century either by Isabella de Fortibus — last \"\"Queen\"\" of the Isle of Wight, or King Edward I's queen after he took over the Island. Although somewhere along the line between then and the present, the name has become lost in translation as it is believed to have been originally known as 'Queen Dower' as the land was passed down to her. The only commercial property in the area is the Queen Bower Dairy which is also a caravan park. The National Trust site of Borthwood Copse, which was originally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9949377", "chunk_text": "\"Upstairs, Downstairs (1971 TV series)\"\nof Southwold, and her husband Richard Bellamy MP, the son of a country parson. They married despite the objections of her parents and set up house at 165 Eaton Place, one of several London properties owned by Lord Southwold. Richard is a politician, and several plots revolve around his political ambitions and conflicts arising from his desire to follow his conscience and his allegiance to his father-in-law's political party, the Conservatives (\"\"Tories\"\"). Richard and Lady Marjorie Bellamy have two children, James and Elizabeth, who are, respectively, in their early twenties and late teens when the series starts in 1903. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5879453", "chunk_text": "\"Byfleet Manor\"\nremained virtually unaltered until 1905, when it was restored and enlarged with the addition of asymmetrical wings. The scant modern vestiges of the ancient manorial rights were sold to a firm of solicitors in that decade. In February 2013, a hidden room was found within the home. The house is open to the public for tea parties. It has served as the dower house in ITV's \"\"Downton Abbey\"\", as well as in the television adaptation of \"\"Agatha Christie's Poirot\"\": \"\"After the Funeral\"\" and in the BBC television series \"\"Cranford\"\". In the Disney production \"\"Into the Woods\"\" in 2014, its exterior", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19753536", "chunk_text": "\"Greys Court\"\nthe ITV series \"\"Agatha Christie's Poirot\"\" in 2013. In the adaptation of \"\"Elephants Can Remember\"\" it is used as the home of one of the people Ariadne Oliver visits while investigating the case. The episode was screened on 9 June 2013. Greys Court also appeared for external shots as \"\"Midsomer Priory\"\" in the \"\"Midsomer Murders\"\" Series 14 episode entitled \"\"A Sacred Trust\"\". Greys Court Greys Court is a Tudor country house and gardens in the southern Chiltern Hills at Rotherfield Greys, near Henley-on-Thames in the county of Oxfordshire, England. Now owned by the National Trust, it is located at ,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5420218", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Archer\"\nArcher (born 1972), a theatre producer, and James Archer (born 1974), a financial advisor and businessman. The Archers live in the Old Vicarage, Grantchester, near Cambridge, the former home immortalised by Rupert Brooke in a poem of that title. Mary Archer has commented that she does not consider sexual fidelity to be an important factor in a successful marriage, suggesting that friendship and loyalty are more important qualities. Between 1967 and 1974, she supported her husband's political career, first when he became a member of the Greater London Council, then from 1969 when he was elected as MP for Louth,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6528091", "chunk_text": "\"The Archers\"\nas containing events that would \"\"shake Ambridge to the core\"\". This phrase even gave rise to the initialism #SATTC trending on the website Twitter during that weekend as listeners speculated about what might happen, and then reported their views as the story unfolded. The main events in the episode were Helen Archer giving birth to her son Henry and Nigel Pargetter falling to his death from the roof of Lower Loxley Hall. This unlikely event provoked interest in the frequency and causes of death in the series. In fact, although the incidence of accidental death and suicide is seven times", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13820175", "chunk_text": "Inkberrow\nurban areas. They continue to produce music today, and have garnered critical acclaim and a cult following around the world. Inkberrow Inkberrow is a village in Worcestershire, England, often thought to be the model for Ambridge, the setting of BBC Radio 4's long-running series \"\"The Archers\"\". In particular, The Bull, the fictional Ambridge pub, is supposed to be based on The Old Bull in Inkberrow. The village's parish church is dedicated to St. Peter and contains the Savage family chapel. In 2006, Inkberrow was awarded the title of Worcestershire Village of the Year and won the Building Community Life section", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5961125", "chunk_text": "Coopersale\nArcher in the 1730s to the design of Adam Holt, the gardener of Wanstead Park, accommodated by the diversion of the public road of Houblons Hill away from the house. Later in the century Capability Brown provided design plans for the grounds which weren't carried out. The estate had been held by the Archer (later Archer-Houblon) family since the time of Henry V who changed the name of his Agincourt attendant Simon Dubois to Archer after Dubois performed well in an archery contest at Havering-atte-Bower. In 1914 Coopersale House was listed as unoccupied. The Archer-Houblon family sold the house and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18995377", "chunk_text": "\"Archers' Hall\"\nimpune lacessit\"\" by a Royal charter of Queen Anne, 1713. The building was extended in 1900 by Robert Rowand Anderson and his partner, A. F. Balfour Paul. The principal hall inside measures , and is high. Two other rooms of are contained in the building, as well as a kitchen, cellars, lobby, and other apartments. The ground behind the house was laid out into a bowling green, maintained by the Edinburgh Bowling Club until its redevelopment in 2008. The hall serves as a venue for various dinners and meetings of the Royal Company of Archers and the club. An external", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14341922", "chunk_text": "\"Dower house\"\nDower house On an English, Scottish or Welsh estate, a dower house is usually a moderately large house available for use by the widow of the estate-owner. The widow, often known as the \"\"dowager\"\", usually moves into the dower house from the larger family house on the death of her husband if the heir is married, and upon his marriage if he was single at his succession. The new heir occupies the now vacated principal house. The dower house might also be occupied by an elder son after his marriage, or simply rented to a tenant. The British royal family", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13820172", "chunk_text": "Inkberrow\nInkberrow Inkberrow is a village in Worcestershire, England, often thought to be the model for Ambridge, the setting of BBC Radio 4's long-running series \"\"The Archers\"\". In particular, The Bull, the fictional Ambridge pub, is supposed to be based on The Old Bull in Inkberrow. The village's parish church is dedicated to St. Peter and contains the Savage family chapel. In 2006, Inkberrow was awarded the title of Worcestershire Village of the Year and won the Building Community Life section of the competition. Inkberrow was marked as a new town in the 1960s, but this plan was not carried out.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5850494", "chunk_text": "\"Fyning Hill\"\napprehended. Hajjar sold the estate to the Australian publisher and broadcaster Kerry Packer for $5 million in May 1989. Packer built the headquarters for his polo team at Fyning Hill, and would arrive at the estate in May for the three-month English polo season. Packer subsequently bought the nearby Great House Farm for £580,000 in June 1989, and had acquired 600 acres of nearby countryside by June 1990. Packer's daughter, Gretel, was married on the estate in 1991. The estate totaled 424 acres with five houses and nine cottages by September 1999 when Packer put the estate up for sale.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2937044", "chunk_text": "\"Anmer Hall\"\nKent as their country house. In February 1990, the Duke and Duchess of Kent left Anmer Hall, moving to Crocker End House in Nettlebed in Oxfordshire. From 1990 to 2000, it was rented by Hugh van Cutsem (1941–2013). It was then leased to the family of James Everett, owner of kitchen timber company \"\"Norfolk Oak\"\". In January 2013, it was reported that the Queen had allocated Anmer Hall for use by the Duke of Cambridge, his wife the Duchess of Cambridge and family. The lease to the Everett family was terminated early, before its expiry in 2017, to allow redevelopment.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6158553", "chunk_text": "\"The Dower House, Stoke Park\"\nThe Dower House, Stoke Park The Dower House, Stoke Park is a building in Bristol, England. It is one Bristol's more prominent landmarks, set on Purdown, a hill above the M32 motorway on the main approach into the city, and painted yellow. The house was built in 1553 by Sir Richard Berkeley. Rebuilt by Norborne Berkeley, 4th Baron Botetourt circa 1760, it eventually became used as a dower house by the Dukes of Beaufort at nearby Badminton House. This included Charles Somerset, 4th Duke of Beaufort (The son of Henry Somerset, 2nd Duke of Beaufort) and wife Elizabeth Somerset, Duchess", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19583985", "chunk_text": "\"Ruth Archer\"\nof looking after the dairy herd, before becoming a partner in the farm. Ruth and David's first child, Philippa Rose, or Pip (Helen Monks; Daisy Badger), was born in February 1993. Joanna Toye and Adrian Flynn, authors of \"\"The Archers Encyclopaedia\"\", said Ruth took to motherhood well and did not let it stop her from playing an active part in Brookfield. The couple's second child, Joshua (Cian Cheesbrough; Angus Imrie), was born in 1997. Ruth and David later purchased some Hereford cattle and began to establish themselves as suppliers of traditional beef. Toye and Flynn observed that Ruth and David's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1165849", "chunk_text": "Borsetshire\nBorsetshire Borsetshire is a fictional county in the BBC Radio 4 series \"\"The Archers\"\". Its county town is the equally fictional Borchester. The county is supposedly set between Worcestershire and Warwickshire, but is also intended as a generic West Midlands rural county. Its name also echoes Anthony Trollope's fictional Barsetshire and the real Dorsetshire. Other places in the county include Ambridge, where \"\"The Archers\"\" is mainly set, Lower Loxley, a nearby village and Felpersham, a cathedral city which appears to be larger than Borchester. Ambridge is on the B3980 six miles south of Borchester and seventeen miles west of Felpersham.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2543892", "chunk_text": "\"Bayham Old Abbey\"\nElizabeth sold the estate outright. Following various changes in ownership, Bayham was finally sold to Sir John Pratt in 1714, and remained in that family until 1961, when it was donated to English Heritage. A brief archaeological survey was published in \"\"Journal of the Society for Medieval Archaeology\"\" 10 (1966:181-182). The Camden family, descended from the Pratts, built the Dower house (otherwise known as Bayham Old Abbey House), on the estate as the old residence. The new grounds were landscaped by Humphry Repton, who included within his plans the old abbey, which Samuel Hieronymus Grimm had sketched about 1785, emphasising", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18132288", "chunk_text": "\"The Abbey, Aston Abbotts\"\nThe Abbey, Aston Abbotts The Abbey, Aston Abbotts is a country house in Buckinghamshire, England. The house derived its name from being a property of St. Albans Abbey in the Middle Ages, and it belonged to the Dormer family from the Dissolution of the Monasteries until the early 19th century. While in their ownership the house was almost continuously tenanted, and it was altered in a piecemeal way as a result. In the early 20th century it was a secondary seat of the Spencer family of Coles Hall. It was the family home for Captain Harold and Mrs Beatrice (née", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13714422", "chunk_text": "\"Archer's Goon\"\nof chain and a padlock and gives it to the messenger, telling him to have Hathaway write the words himself; the street outside the Sykes house is subsequently dug up and re-paved over and over again as a form of punishment. When Quentin receives a letter from the town demanding payment of a huge amount in back taxes, Howard and Awful decide that they have to seek help from Hathaway who, they discover, lives 400 years in the past. The children visit Hathaway in his Elizabethan household by going through a white door marked \"\"CURATOR\"\" at the back of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18710928", "chunk_text": "\"Dower & Hall\"\nDower & Hall Dower & Hall is a British Jewellery brand that was established in 1990 by husband and wife team Dan Dower & Diane Hall. The brand has two standalone stores in London and Glasgow and are also stocked by independents and department stores, such as John Lewis and Fenwick, around the country. Dower & Hall was founded with the aid of a Prince’s Trust business loan. The brands initial success soon led to their first store opening in 1995 in Knightsbridge and their Glasgow store, which followed in 2004. The brand has gone from strength to strength with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12332375", "chunk_text": "\"The Archers\"\nBooks\"\" and \"\"Episodes\"\", so Debbie manages a farm in Hungary and her visits to Ambridge are infrequent. Felicity Jones played Emma Carter from the age of 15 but after a period of studying at Wadham College, Oxford, she gave up the role to move into television and cinema. Some of the actors, when not playing their characters, earn their money through different jobs altogether: Charlotte Connor, when not playing Susan Carter (credited as Charlotte Martin), works full-time as a senior research psychologist at the Birmingham and Solihull Mental Health Foundation; her office is a short walk from BBC Birmingham, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10165185", "chunk_text": "\"Kilgobbin House\"\nKilgobbin House Kilgobbin House is a country house in Adare, County Limerick, Ireland. The history of the house began in 1777 when Sir Richard Quin (later 1st Earl of Dunraven) married Lady Muriel Fox-Strangeways, daughter of the first Earl of Ilchester. Richard's father gave him Kilgobbin, where the couple lived until he inherited Adare Manor. It was the original seat of the Quin family, and served as the dower house after the construction of Adare Manor. It was the family home of Thady Wyndham-Quin, 7th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl, who sold Adare Manor as a hotel in the 1980s.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10165186", "chunk_text": "\"Kilgobbin House\"\nKilgobbin House Kilgobbin House is a country house in Adare, County Limerick, Ireland. The history of the house began in 1777 when Sir Richard Quin (later 1st Earl of Dunraven) married Lady Muriel Fox-Strangeways, daughter of the first Earl of Ilchester. Richard's father gave him Kilgobbin, where the couple lived until he inherited Adare Manor. It was the original seat of the Quin family, and served as the dower house after the construction of Adare Manor. It was the family home of Thady Wyndham-Quin, 7th Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl, who sold Adare Manor as a hotel in the 1980s.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11893270", "chunk_text": "\"Upstairs Downstairs (2010 TV series)\"\nrelative in the country. She returns to 165 Eaton Place as housekeeper to the new owners, the Holland family, with Dame Eileen Atkins playing one of the characters upstairs. There are no explanations as to what has happened to Lady Bellamy, Georgina, Lord Stockbridge, as well as Mr. Hudson, Mrs. Bridges, Edward, Daisy, and Ruby during that six-year period. In fact, in the first installment, the Bellamy family and the original staff are only fleetingly referred to when Mrs. Thackeray, the new cook, refers to 165 Eaton Place as \"\"the Bellamy house\"\". However, Rose does mention Lord Bellamy as \"\"the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6528093", "chunk_text": "\"The Archers\"\nserious, contemporary social issues: rural drug addiction; rape, including rape in marriage; inter-racial relationships; direct action against genetically modified crops and badger culling; family break-ups; and civil partnerships, and a family being threatened by a gang of farm thieves. There has been criticism from conservative commentators, such as Peter Hitchens that the series has become a vehicle for liberal and left-wing values and agendas, with characters behaving out of character to achieve those goals. However, one of the show's charms is to make much out of everyday, small concerns, such as the possible closure of the village shop, the loss", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "297175", "chunk_text": "\"Upstairs, Downstairs (1971 TV series)\"\nout shortly thereafter by a wealthy Armenian gentleman called Julius Karekin. She later becomes involved with Karekin, who buys her a hat shop. But Karekin is more interested in buying his way into British society than he is in Elizabeth's affections. He buys the lease of 165 Eaton Place after the Bellamys are forced to sell in the aftermath of Lady Marjorie's father's death in 1909. He offers the lease to Elizabeth who then gives it to her parents. Richard and Lady Marjorie are in Karekin's debt. Sarah returns to Eaton Place on the night the Bellamys host the King;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7615874", "chunk_text": "\"Culham Court, Berkshire\"\nthe newspaper owner Cecil Harmsworth King. In 1949, the house was bought by the financier Michael Behrens, later co-owner of Ionian Bank, and his wife Felicity. Their artist son Timothy Behrens grew up there, and would entertain friends including Hugh Casson and Edward Ardizzone. Behrens died in 1989, but Felicity lived there until 1996. In 1997, the house was bought by Sir Martyn Arbib for his daughter, Annabel (married to businessman Paddy Nicoll). Arbib bought it for £12 million, and in 2006, they sold it to Swiss-born British billionaire Urs Schwarzenbach for £35 million, £10 million above the asking price.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16727836", "chunk_text": "\"John Grayken\"\nfirst wife soon after he became a \"\"tax refugee\"\"; they reunited within a month of the final divorce decree, but divorced again six months later. Grayken later married actress Eilene Davidson in London, and they have four children. Grayken is married to Eilene Davidson, a British theatre producer and former actress. As of 2015, they owned Pyrford Court, Surrey, which features prominently in the 1976 movie, \"\"The Omen\"\". Pyrford Court is a Grade II listed 15-bedroom house, built in 1910 for Rupert Guinness, 2nd Earl of Iveagh. As of 2017, they live in a $70 million home in Chelsea, London,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16512767", "chunk_text": "\"Feudal barony of Dunster\"\nof the leading fork-lift truck company \"\"Lancer Boss\"\", a major employer in Leighton Buzzard, which went into receivership in 1994 due to problems with its German affiliate. Following his marriage in 1973, he retired from the business, having been a director for 17 years, and returned to Dunster, where he obtained a lease of Home Farm from the Crown Commissioners. He has a daughter Serena and a son, Hugh, qualified in estate management, whom he hopes will succeed him in the Home Farm tenancy, and who is also heir to his uncle at East Quantoxhead. He maintains links with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10358938", "chunk_text": "\"Elsie J. Oxenham\"\nJoan and Joy Shirley are living in Abinger Hall, in the gardens of which the Abbey is situated. Joy has been discovered to be the granddaughter of the late owner, Sir Antony Abinger, and the Hall is left to her, but Joan, who was not related to Sir Antony, has been left the Abbey \"\"Because of [her] love for it, and because [her] knowledge of it was so thorough.\"\" The Abbey and its influence pervades the whole series. Characters try to live up to the precepts of the early Cistercian monks who lived there, and even when facing difficult situations", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18052130", "chunk_text": "\"Clandon Park House\"\nparterre designed by John Fowler and Paul Miles was laid out on the south front, replacing early 20th-century flower beds. By the 2000s, the house contained, among other things, the Ivo Forde Meissen collection of Italian comedy figures, Mortlake tapestries, and other rich textiles and carpets. Due to its extensive costs of upkeep, the National Trust gained a marriage licence for the property, and it had become a popular local wedding venue. It was also in part or whole rented out occasionally to the media for various productions, including 2008's \"\"The Duchess\"\" starring Keira Knightley. In their 2012 At Risk", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1917621", "chunk_text": "Borchester\n1984. Also in Borchester is Borchester General Hospital. Borchester is the scene of frequent shopping trips and social encounters in the series. It has a mixture of trendy, \"\"southern England\"\" features such as wine bars and upmarket delis combined with some working-class neighbourhoods. The Grundy family lived for a while in a substandard council flat in Borchester after being evicted from Grange Farm in 2000. Borchester Borchester is a fictional town in the BBC Radio 4 radio series \"\"The Archers\"\". It is the county town of the fictional county of Borsetshire. According to series tradition it is located 6 miles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6195366", "chunk_text": "\"Bowes Castle\"\nruined, Bowes Castle was reclaimed by the Crown in 1361; between 1444 and 1471 it was controlled by the Neville family, powerful regional landowners, before reverting to the Crown once again. James I sold the castle in the early 17th century and the remaining fortifications were dismantled in the mid-17th century after the English Civil War. By 1928, the castle was in a poor condition, with little interest being shown in it from locals or its owner, Lady Lorna Curzon-Howe. Facing death duties on her estate, Curzon-Howe agreed to pass the castle into the care of the Office of Works", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8694741", "chunk_text": "\"Rushton Hall\"\nin \"\"Great Expectations\"\" was conceived from the Hall. The Clarke-Thornhills owned the hall until 1934. After the death of William Clarke-Thornhill, the Hall was let to an array of tenants including American socialite James J. Van Alen who reinstated much Tudor and Jacobean architectural detail. It became a Grade I listed building in 1951. In 1957 it became a school for blind children run by the RNIB; the school moved to Coventry in 2002. The Hazelton family bought the hall in August 2003, and restored it to open as a 4 star hotel and spa. The estate has early 20th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5420219", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Archer\"\nLincolnshire. She later supported him during his tenure as deputy chairman of the Conservative Party (1985–86), and again during his ultimately ill-fated campaign to become London Mayor in 1999. In the summer of 1974, the Archers were struck by a financial crisis when Jeffrey lost over £400,000 in a bad investment. Faced with the threat of bankruptcy, the Archers were forced to move out of their large house in The Boltons. Mary Archer took up a teaching post at Cambridge University which, together with her husband's eventual success as a novelist, saved them from financial ruin. In 1987 she gave", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9289216", "chunk_text": "\"Munden House\"\nfor productions like \"\"Mrs Dalloway\"\", \"\"Rosemary & Thyme\"\" (as \"\"Engleton Park\"\" in the 2004 episode \"\"Swords into Ploughshares\"\"), \"\"Midsomer Murders\"\", \"\"Poirot\"\", \"\"Jonathan Creek\"\", \"\"Endeavour\"\" and \"\"Silent Witness\"\". Munden House Munden House and its estate are located between Watford, Radlett and Bricket Wood in the county of Hertfordshire, England. It is a Grade II listed building. A ford on the River Colne is found just off the Hertfordshire Way at Munden House. It is the family seat of the Hon. Henry Holland-Hibbert, Viscount Knutsford, Lord of the Manor of Bricket Wood Common. The river lodge is on the Hertfordshire Way near", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14341923", "chunk_text": "\"Dower house\"\nmaintains a dower house in London as well as one in the country. Well-known royal dower-houses in London have included Clarence House, Marlborough House, and (for a time during the 18th century) Buckingham Palace (then known as \"\"Buckingham House\"\"). Frogmore House has served as Windsor Castle's dower house. The Dukes of Devonshire kept Hardwick Hall in Derbyshire as a dower house from time to time after the 1st Duke moved the family seat to nearby Chatsworth House; it was being so used by the widow of the 9th Duke when it was transferred to the National Trust in satisfaction of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6955247", "chunk_text": "\"Treago Castle\"\nin 1990, designed and made by Vanessa Marston, using ideas from the Mynors family crest. The Mynors' crest—a man's hand holding a bear's paw—is derived from the French sound a like \"\"\"\" (). The house is still owned by the Baskerville Mynors family and currently inhabited by Sir Richard Mynors (b. 1947)—the present holder of the Mynors of Treago Baronetcy and vintner—and his wife Lady Fiona Mynors who works as an educational consultant. The couple have inhabited the main building since 1989, along with their three daughters: Alexandra, Frances and Victoria. As a result of the move, major restoration and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15352403", "chunk_text": "\"Irvine Sellar\"\na property downturn in 1991, the company went bankrupt in 1991-92, when Sellar lost £30 million. Sellar founded the Sellar Property Group. He acquired the headquarters of PwC in London Bridge in 1998. That year, he acquired the site of what would later become The Shard. With 80% from Qatari investors, Sellar completed the construction of The Shard in 2012. He subsequently developed buildings near Paddington Station. In December 2016, his plan to develop the 19-storey Paddington Cube for £775 million was approved by the Westminster City Council. With his wife Elizabeth, Sellar had two sons, James, who went on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18995376", "chunk_text": "\"Archers' Hall\"\nArchers' Hall The Archers' Hall is the club house of the Royal Company of Archers, the Sovereign's Bodyguard in Scotland. It is located at 66 Buccleuch Street in the Southside of Edinburgh, and has been used by the company for over 230 years. Building commenced on 15 August 1776, and was completed in 1777 to designs by Alexander Laing. When the foundation stone was laid in 1776, two lines of Latin were inscribed on a plate which was set in the stone. These lines, beginning , were taken from: The Royal Company of Archers were granted the motto \"\"Nemo me", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_234	who sings that aint no way to go?	n/a	[ "Brooks & Dunn" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3037209", "chunk_text": "\"That Ain't No Way to Go\"\nThat Ain't No Way to Go \"\"That Ain't No Way To Go\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn. It was released in March 1994 the fifth and final single from their album \"\"Hard Workin' Man\"\". The song reached the top of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart. It was written by Kix Brooks, Ronnie Dunn and Don Cook. The music video was directed by Piers Plowden and premiered in April 1994. The song debuted at number 55 on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart dated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3037210", "chunk_text": "\"That Ain't No Way to Go\"\nApril 9, 1994. It charted for 20 weeks on that chart, and reached Number One on the chart dated June 11, 1994, holding the top spot for one week, and becoming the duo's sixth Number One single. That Ain't No Way to Go \"\"That Ain't No Way To Go\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn. It was released in March 1994 the fifth and final single from their album \"\"Hard Workin' Man\"\". The song reached the top of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart. It was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1557267", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't Got Far to Go\"\nAin't Got Far to Go \"\"Ain't Got Far to Go\"\" is a song by English singer and songwriter Jess Glynne. It was written by Glynne along with Janée \"\"Jin Jin\"\" Bennett, Knox Brown, and Finlay \"\"Starsmith\"\" Dow-Smith for her debut studio album, \"\"I Cry When I Laugh\"\" (2015), while production was helmed by Brown and Dow-Smith. The song was released as the album's sixth single on 26 February 2016. Prior to the single's release, the song charted at number 46 on the Scottish Singles Chart and number 67 on the UK Singles Chart. After the single's release, it peaked at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18947272", "chunk_text": "\"So Very Hard to Go\"\nSo Very Hard to Go \"\"So Very Hard to Go\"\" is a torch song performed by American rhythm and blues band Tower of Power, issued as the second single from their eponymous third album. It was produced by the band and written by band members Emilio Castillo and Stephen Kupka, with Lenny Williams performing the vocals. The song is the band's biggest hit to date in the United States, peaking at No. 17 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in 1973. \"\"So Very Hard to Go\"\" was covered by Filipino singer Martin Nievera for his 1999 album \"\"Return to Forever\"\". The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6678732", "chunk_text": "\"Hey, That's No Way to Say Goodbye\"\nHey, That's No Way to Say Goodbye \"\"Hey, That's No Way to Say Goodbye\"\" is a song by Leonard Cohen. It was first released in November 1967, in a version by Judy Collins on her album \"\"Wildflowers\"\". The following month, Cohen's own version was issued on his debut album \"\"Songs of Leonard Cohen\"\". Cohen wrote the song when staying at the Penn Terminal Hotel on 34th Street in New York City in 1966. He wrote:The room is too hot. I can't open the windows. I am in the midst of a bitter quarrel with a blonde woman. The song is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16229460", "chunk_text": "\"You Ain't Goin' Nowhere\"\nYou Ain't Goin' Nowhere \"\"You Ain't Goin' Nowhere\"\" is a song written by Bob Dylan in 1967 in Woodstock, New York, during the self-imposed exile from public appearances that followed his July 29, 1966 motorcycle accident. A recording of Dylan performing the song in September 1971 was released on the \"\"Bob Dylan's Greatest Hits Vol. II\"\" album in November of that year, marking the first official release of the song by its author. An earlier 1967 recording of the song, performed by Dylan and the Band, was issued in 1975 on the album \"\"The Basement Tapes\"\". The Byrds also recorded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3962511", "chunk_text": "\"What a Way to Go (song)\"\nWhat a Way to Go (song) \"\"What a Way to Go\"\" is a song written by Bobby David and Jim Rushing. It was originally recorded by Bobby Borchers in 1977. It was later recorded by American country music artist Ray Kennedy. It was released in November 1990 as the first single and title track from his debut album, \"\"What a Way to Go\"\". The song reached number 10 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in February 1991. Kennedy's version featured an altered verse from the original. To make the single more suitable for radio airplay, the line", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1557269", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't Got Far to Go\"\nI Laugh\"\". Ain't Got Far to Go \"\"Ain't Got Far to Go\"\" is a song by English singer and songwriter Jess Glynne. It was written by Glynne along with Janée \"\"Jin Jin\"\" Bennett, Knox Brown, and Finlay \"\"Starsmith\"\" Dow-Smith for her debut studio album, \"\"I Cry When I Laugh\"\" (2015), while production was helmed by Brown and Dow-Smith. The song was released as the album's sixth single on 26 February 2016. Prior to the single's release, the song charted at number 46 on the Scottish Singles Chart and number 67 on the UK Singles Chart. After the single's release, it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2083826", "chunk_text": "\"There's No Way\"\nThere's No Way \"\"There's No Way\"\" is a song written by John Jarrard, Lisa Palas and Will Robinson, and recorded by American country music band Alabama. It was released in January 1985 as the first single from the band's album \"\"40-Hour Week\"\". The song is a love ballad, and an example of the pop-styled aspect of Alabama's core musical style. The music video was directed by David Hogan and premiered in early 1985. When \"\"There's No Way\"\" reached No. 1 on the \"\"Billboard magazine\"\" Hot Country Singles chart in May 1985, it became Alabama's 16th straight No. 1 single in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16741481", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't No Way\"\nAin't No Way \"\"Ain't No Way\"\" is a song written by singer-songwriter Carolyn Franklin and sung by her elder sister Aretha Franklin as the B-side to her 1968 hit, \"\"(Sweet Sweet Baby) Since You've Been Gone\"\". This song should not be confused with a different song of the same title, recorded by Aretha Franklin on her 2003 CD \"\"So Damn Happy\"\": \"\"Ain't No Way\"\" by Barry J. Eastmond and Gordon Chambers. Written by Carolyn Franklin, her sister Aretha recorded the song and released it on her acclaimed \"\"Lady Soul\"\" album. Released as the B-side of her top-five hit single, \"\"(Sweet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6678733", "chunk_text": "\"Hey, That's No Way to Say Goodbye\"\nhalf-written in pencil but it protects us as we manoeuvre, each of us, for unconditional victory. I am in the wrong room. I am with the wrong woman. It was covered in 1969 by Roberta Flack on her debut album \"\"First Take\"\", and has been recorded by many other singers. Hey, That's No Way to Say Goodbye \"\"Hey, That's No Way to Say Goodbye\"\" is a song by Leonard Cohen. It was first released in November 1967, in a version by Judy Collins on her album \"\"Wildflowers\"\". The following month, Cohen's own version was issued on his debut album \"\"Songs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8447085", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Tepper\"\nRobert Tepper Robert Tepper (born May 30, 1950) is an American songwriter, recording artist and sporadically active singer, best known for his hit song \"\"No Easy Way Out\"\" from the \"\"Rocky IV\"\" motion picture soundtrack. Born in Bayonne, New Jersey, Tepper moved to New York where he became a staff writer. He paired up with fellow singer Benny Mardones, and together they wrote Mardones's hit ballad \"\"Into the Night,\"\" which earned them a Grammy Awards nomination. Tepper worked with Mardones on writing the latter's follow-up album \"\"Too Much to Lose\"\" in 1981. In 1985, Tepper signed with Scotti Brothers and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18947273", "chunk_text": "\"So Very Hard to Go\"\nsong appears in the 2016 video game \"\"Watch Dogs 2\"\". So Very Hard to Go \"\"So Very Hard to Go\"\" is a torch song performed by American rhythm and blues band Tower of Power, issued as the second single from their eponymous third album. It was produced by the band and written by band members Emilio Castillo and Stephen Kupka, with Lenny Williams performing the vocals. The song is the band's biggest hit to date in the United States, peaking at No. 17 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in 1973. \"\"So Very Hard to Go\"\" was covered by Filipino singer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13214233", "chunk_text": "\"What a Way to Go (song)\"\n\"\"I got hogtied by a hooker in Ohio,\"\" from the song's chorus, was edited to replace the word \"\"hooker\"\" with \"\"redhead.\"\" What a Way to Go (song) \"\"What a Way to Go\"\" is a song written by Bobby David and Jim Rushing. It was originally recorded by Bobby Borchers in 1977. It was later recorded by American country music artist Ray Kennedy. It was released in November 1990 as the first single and title track from his debut album, \"\"What a Way to Go\"\". The song reached number 10 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart in February", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9168955", "chunk_text": "\"Long Way to Go (Alan Jackson song)\"\nLong Way to Go (Alan Jackson song) \"\"Long Way to Go\"\" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Alan Jackson. It was released in June 2011 as the lead-off single from his seventeenth studio album \"\"Thirty Miles West\"\", and debut on his new label EMI Records Nashville. The song reached number 24 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart. When Alan Jackson was asked of the his self-penned song he stated, \"\"Seems like every time you turn around lately there's just something heavy going on in the world, so I felt like singing something that was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14687214", "chunk_text": "\"No Particular Place to Go\"\ndrive slow. In the third they decide to park and take a walk, but are unable to release the seat belt. In the last verse they drive home, defeated by the recalcitrant seat belt. The session(s) during which \"\"No Particular Place to Go\"\" was recorded were produced by Leonard and Phil Chess, and backing Berry were pianist Paul Williams, drummer Odie Payne, and an unknown bassist. No Particular Place to Go \"\"No Particular Place to Go\"\" is a song by Chuck Berry, released as a single by Chess Records in May 1964 and released on the album \"\"St. Louis to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20940426", "chunk_text": "\"Nicki Bluhm\"\nNicki Bluhm Nicki Bluhm (born September 22, 1979) is a singer-songwriter from Lafayette, California who joined The Gramblers in 2008. She has released three albums, \"\"Toby's Song\"\", \"\"Driftwood\"\", and \"\"To Rise You Gotta Fall\"\". Bluhm is from Lafayette, California and has released several albums since 2008 including two with The Gramblers. They recorded David Bowie's song, Pressure, specifically for the \"\"Best Moment\"\" segment of the Espys awards in 2012. Their version of the Hall & Oates song \"\"I Can't Go For That (No Can Do)\"\", which was recorded while driving in a car, has been viewed more than a million", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4410954", "chunk_text": "\"Want To\"\nWant To \"\"Want To\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music duo Sugarland. It was released in August 2006 as the first single from the album \"\"Enjoy the Ride\"\". It was their first single not to feature former member Kristen Hall, although Jennifer Nettles had previously been featured on Bon Jovi's Number One country hit, \"\"Who Says You Can't Go Home\"\", the song was also the first regular Number One hit of Sugarland's career in the U.S., spending two weeks at the top of the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs charts in late 2006. The duo's members, Jennifer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20940427", "chunk_text": "\"Nicki Bluhm\"\ntimes on YouTube. Nicki Bluhm Nicki Bluhm (born September 22, 1979) is a singer-songwriter from Lafayette, California who joined The Gramblers in 2008. She has released three albums, \"\"Toby's Song\"\", \"\"Driftwood\"\", and \"\"To Rise You Gotta Fall\"\". Bluhm is from Lafayette, California and has released several albums since 2008 including two with The Gramblers. They recorded David Bowie's song, Pressure, specifically for the \"\"Best Moment\"\" segment of the Espys awards in 2012. Their version of the Hall & Oates song \"\"I Can't Go For That (No Can Do)\"\", which was recorded while driving in a car, has been viewed more", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4154366", "chunk_text": "\"He'll Have to Go\"\nR&B charts. He'll Have to Go \"\"He'll Have to Go\"\" is an American country and pop hit recorded on October 15, 1959, by Jim Reeves. The song, released in the fall of 1959, went on to become a hit in both genres early in 1960. The song is about a man who's talking by telephone to the woman he loves when he realizes that another man is with her. The song was written by the husband-and-wife team of Joe and Audrey Allison, and was inspired by a phone conversation between them in which they had trouble making themselves understood. Because", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17784887", "chunk_text": "\"(Is This the Way to) Amarillo\"\nmedia appearances to \"\"Tony Christie featuring Peter Kay\"\". However, Kay does not appear on the record, since it is a re-issue of the original version and not a re-recording. Having sold 1.2 million copies by the end of 2009, \"\"(Is This the Way to) Amarillo\"\" was the third best-selling single of the 2000s in the UK, behind \"\"Anything Is Possible\"\"/\"\"Evergreen\"\" by Will Young and \"\"Unchained Melody\"\" by Gareth Gates. As of March 2017, it has sold 1.28 million copies. The Dutch singer Albert West covered the song in 1988. After the successful re-release of the song in the UK, Tony", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2083827", "chunk_text": "\"There's No Way\"\nas many single releases (excepting for the 1982 Christmas single \"\"Christmas in Dixie\"\"). The feat allowed Alabama to tie Sonny James' 14-year-old record for most No. 1 songs in as many consecutive single releases. There's No Way \"\"There's No Way\"\" is a song written by John Jarrard, Lisa Palas and Will Robinson, and recorded by American country music band Alabama. It was released in January 1985 as the first single from the band's album \"\"40-Hour Week\"\". The song is a love ballad, and an example of the pop-styled aspect of Alabama's core musical style. The music video was directed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16229461", "chunk_text": "\"You Ain't Goin' Nowhere\"\na version of the song in 1968 and issued it as a single. The Byrds' version is notable for being the first commercial release of the song, predating Dylan's first release by three years. A later cover by Byrds members Roger McGuinn and Chris Hillman reached the top 10 of the Hot Country Songs charts in 1989. The song has also been covered by many other artists, including Joan Baez, Unit 4 + 2, Earl Scruggs, Old Crow Medicine Show, Phish, Counting Crows, the Dandy Warhols, Tedeschi Trucks Band, Loudon Wainwright III, and Glen Hansard with Markéta Irglová. Starting in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "389549", "chunk_text": "\"He'll Have to Go\"\nHe'll Have to Go \"\"He'll Have to Go\"\" is an American country and pop hit recorded on October 15, 1959, by Jim Reeves. The song, released in the fall of 1959, went on to become a hit in both genres early in 1960. The song is about a man who's talking by telephone to the woman he loves when he realizes that another man is with her. The song was written by the husband-and-wife team of Joe and Audrey Allison, and was inspired by a phone conversation between them in which they had trouble making themselves understood. Because of background", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18473998", "chunk_text": "\"Not Letting Go\"\nNot Letting Go \"\"Not Letting Go\"\" is a song by British rapper Tinie Tempah. It features the vocals from British singer Jess Glynne. The song was released as a digital download in the United Kingdom on 21 June 2015 as the lead single for his third studio album \"\"Youth\"\". It also appears on the deluxe version of Glynne's debut album, \"\"I Cry When I Laugh\"\" (2015). \"\"Not Letting Go\"\" samples the song \"\"Not for Long\"\" by American rapper B.o.B. and also contains a sample from \"\"There's a Better Way\"\" from Jermaine Jackson's 1982 album \"\"Let Me Tickle Your Fancy\"\". The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17756343", "chunk_text": "\"When You Leave That Way You Can Never Go Back\"\nWhen You Leave That Way You Can Never Go Back \"\"When You Leave That Way You Can Never Go Back\"\" is a song written by Steve Clark and Johnny MacRae. The song—a bittersweet reflection of a condemned inmate's life, looking back at all the bridges he burned and wished could be repaired—was recorded by several country music artists, including Sam Neely, Bill Anderson and the band Confederate Railroad. \"\"When You Leave That Way ... ,\"\" told in first-person narrative, begins with the man remembering some things about his childhood with fondness: his mother, waking to the rooster's crow and listening", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15143110", "chunk_text": "\"I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)\"\nThe song has been sampled numerous times by rap/hip-hop artists as well as by pop artists, including: The song was used in the 2015 movie \"\"Aloha\"\".* I Can't Go for That (No Can Do) \"\"I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)\"\" is a song by the American duo Daryl Hall and John Oates. Written by Daryl Hall and John Oates, and co-written by Sara Allen, the song was released as the second single from their tenth studio album, \"\"Private Eyes\"\" (1981). The song became the fourth number-one hit single of their career on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7108800", "chunk_text": "\"Can't Let Go (Anthony Hamilton song)\"\nCan't Let Go (Anthony Hamilton song) \"\"Can't Let Go\"\" is an R&B–soul song written by American singer-songwriter Anthony Hamilton and songwriter/producer Mark Batson for Hamilton's third album, \"\"Ain't Nobody Worryin'\"\" (2005). Released in as the album's lead single in October 2005 and produced by Batson, it debuted at number seventy-six on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs the week of November 5, 2005; there, it had a whopping sixty-eight-week chart run, peaking at number thirteen. On the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, where it entered at number ninety-three the week of March 18, 2006, the stay was much more brief (nineteen weeks), as was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7108801", "chunk_text": "\"Can't Let Go (Anthony Hamilton song)\"\nits peak position (number seventy-one). Can't Let Go (Anthony Hamilton song) \"\"Can't Let Go\"\" is an R&B–soul song written by American singer-songwriter Anthony Hamilton and songwriter/producer Mark Batson for Hamilton's third album, \"\"Ain't Nobody Worryin'\"\" (2005). Released in as the album's lead single in October 2005 and produced by Batson, it debuted at number seventy-six on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs the week of November 5, 2005; there, it had a whopping sixty-eight-week chart run, peaking at number thirteen. On the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, where it entered at number ninety-three the week of March 18, 2006, the stay was much more", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15460355", "chunk_text": "\"No Particular Place to Go\"\nNo Particular Place to Go \"\"No Particular Place to Go\"\" is a song by Chuck Berry, released as a single by Chess Records in May 1964 and released on the album \"\"St. Louis to Liverpool\"\" in November 1964 (see 1964 in music). \"\"No Particular Place to Go\"\" was recorded on March 25, 1964 in Chicago, Illinois and features the same music as Berry's earlier hit \"\"School Days\"\". The song is a comical four verse story. In the first verse the narrator is cruising in his car with his girlfriend, and they kiss. In the second they start to cuddle, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17682555", "chunk_text": "\"Don't Go (Wretch 32 song)\"\nDon't Go (Wretch 32 song) \"\"Don't Go\"\" is a single from British rapper Wretch 32 that appears on his début album \"\"Black and White\"\" and features vocals from English singer Josh Kumra. The single was released in the United Kingdom as a digital download on 14 August 2011. The single peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart upon entry in August 2011, becoming Wretch 32's first chart topping song. The song, originally a demo by Maiday called \"\"The Only Thing I Need\"\", was given to Wretch and the hook and first verse were re-created by Kumra. In an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6717054", "chunk_text": "\"Les Taylor (singer)\"\nrecorded by Travis Tritt and Shelby Lynne. He also co-wrote Janie Fricke's Number One single, \"\"It Ain't Easy Bein' Easy.\"\" Les Taylor (singer) Leslie Christopher Taylor (born December 27, 1948 in Oneida, Kentucky) is an American country music artist. Taylor has released two studio albums on Epic Records. His highest charting single, \"\"I Gotta Mind to Go Crazy,\"\" peaked at No. 44 in 1991. In 1980, Taylor became the contributing lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of country-pop band Exile. He performed with the group until 1989, when he left to pursue a solo career. After parting ways with Epic, Taylor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8999432", "chunk_text": "\"Not Going Home\"\nNot Going Home \"\"Not Going Home\"\" is a song by Canadian electronic duo DVBBS and Dutch DJ and music producer CMC$, featuring vocals from Polish singer-songwriter Gia Koka. The song was written by Gia Koka, CMC$ and DVBBS, with production handled by the latter two. It was released to digital retailers on November 18, 2016, as the lead single from DVBBS' second extended play, \"\"Beautiful Disaster\"\". \"\"'Not Going Home' is sort of an anthem, a reminder that we all have roots and we all come the same place. For some home is where the heart is and for others home", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15179850", "chunk_text": "\"U Ain't Goin' Nowhere\"\nU Ain't Goin' Nowhere \"\"U Ain't Goin' Nowhere\"\" was the third single from Young Buck's second album, \"\"Buck the World\"\". It features contemporary R&B singer LaToiya Williams and was produced by Dr. Dre and Mark Batson. In the music video, the song is cut off about halfway through the video and goes to his other song, \"\"Buck the World\"\", which features Lyfe Jennings.. The video was directed by Gil Green (director). The music video was unique as it was filmed in Havana Cuba. The filming in Cuba was made possible after Interscope Records and Gil Green received special authorization from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4089882", "chunk_text": "\"David Lee Murphy\"\nDavid Lee Murphy David Lee Murphy (born January 7, 1959) is an American country music singer and songwriter. He is best known for his #1 country hits \"\"Dust on the Bottle\"\" and \"\"Everything's Gonna Be Alright\"\", as well as the hit songs \"\"Party Crowd\"\", \"\"Out with a Bang\"\", \"\"Every Time I Get Around You\"\", \"\"The Road You Leave Behind\"\", and \"\"Loco\"\". He has released five solo studio albums: \"\"Out with a Bang\"\" (1994), \"\"Gettin' Out the Good Stuff\"\" (1996), \"\"We Can't All Be Angels\"\" (1997), \"\"Tryin' to Get There\"\" (2004), and \"\"No Zip Code\"\" (2018). His songs \"\"Just Once\"\" and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12859860", "chunk_text": "\"Jeanne Black\"\nJeanne Black Gloria Jeanne Black (October 25, 1937 – October 23, 2014) was an American country music singer. Gloria Jeanne Black was born on October 25, 1937, in Pomona, California. She first gained wide exposure singing on Cliffie Stone's television program \"\"Hometown Jamboree\"\", from 1956 to 1959. Following this, she sang in Nevada, on the Las Vegas Strip and in Tahoe. She signed with Capitol Records in 1960 and released the single \"\"He'll Have to Stay\"\" later that year. The song, which was an answer record to Jim Reeves's hit \"\"He'll Have to Go\"\", was a hit in the US.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7692290", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't No Grave\"\nAin't No Grave Ain't No Grave (also known as Gonna Hold This Body Down) is a traditional American gospel song attributed to Claude Ely (1922-1978) of Virginia. Claude Ely describes composing the song while sick with tuberculosis in 1934 when he was twelve years old. His family prayed for his health, and in response he spontaneously performed this song. Originally recorded by Bozie Sturdivant in 1941 in a slower, Appalachian gospel style and in 1946-7 by Sister Rosetta Tharpe with barrelhouse piano; the song in Ely's version was recorded in 1953 but composed in 1934. Many notable artists have performed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15143103", "chunk_text": "\"I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)\"\nI Can't Go for That (No Can Do) \"\"I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)\"\" is a song by the American duo Daryl Hall and John Oates. Written by Daryl Hall and John Oates, and co-written by Sara Allen, the song was released as the second single from their tenth studio album, \"\"Private Eyes\"\" (1981). The song became the fourth number-one hit single of their career on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and the second hit single from \"\"Private Eyes\"\". It features Charles DeChant on saxophone. \"\"I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)\"\" is one of fourteen Hall &", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5400106", "chunk_text": "\"That's the Way It Goes (George Harrison song)\"\nThat's the Way It Goes (George Harrison song) \"\"That's the Way It Goes\"\" is a song by English musician George Harrison from his 1982 album \"\"Gone Troppo\"\". Harrison wrote the song during a period when he had become disinterested in contemporary music and was enjoying success as a film producer with his company HandMade Films. Partly influenced by his extended holidays in Hawaii and Australia, the lyrics convey his dismay at the world's preoccupation with money and status, although, unlike several of Harrison's previous musical statements on the subject, he expresses resignation and acceptance. Harrison recorded the song at his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20698519", "chunk_text": "\"Another Way to Go\"\nAnother Way to Go Another Way to Go is the fifth full-length album by country music singer-songwriter Radney Foster. It was released in 2002 on Dualtone Records; his second for the label. As with his previous records, he featured in the production. He also engineered the disc, and wrote five songs by himself, as well as co-writing the other eight songs. The disc peaked at number 39, and featured two singles; \"\"Everyday Angel\"\" (peaked at number 43) and \"\"Scary Old World\"\" (which reached number 52). Also included is \"\"A Real Fine Place to Start,\"\" which became a number 1 hit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8447089", "chunk_text": "\"Robert Tepper\"\nlist of the best songs from '80s action \"\"film montages\"\" that appeared on music website, \"\"No Echo\"\". Tepper has 5 children and currently resides with his wife in Los Angeles, California. Robert Tepper Robert Tepper (born May 30, 1950) is an American songwriter, recording artist and sporadically active singer, best known for his hit song \"\"No Easy Way Out\"\" from the \"\"Rocky IV\"\" motion picture soundtrack. Born in Bayonne, New Jersey, Tepper moved to New York where he became a staff writer. He paired up with fellow singer Benny Mardones, and together they wrote Mardones's hit ballad \"\"Into the Night,\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2864031", "chunk_text": "\"Don't Go (En Vogue song)\"\nDon't Go (En Vogue song) \"\"Don't Go\"\" is a song by American group En Vogue. It was written by Denzil Foster and Thomas McElroy for their debut album \"\"Born to Sing\"\" (1990). One of the first recordings for its parent album, the song is a mid-tempo ballad informing the male lover that his female counterpart still cares for him and does not want him leave. It features a lead vocal progression by Terry Ellis displaying her vocal range. Released as the album's fourth and final single in April 1991, \"\"Don't Go\"\" peaked at number three on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7692294", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't No Grave\"\nversion was featured in the end credits to the first episode of \"\"Westworld\"\". In 2017 Cash's version was featured in the second trailer for the movie \"\"\"\". In 2017 Cash's version was featured in the 2017 BBC television documentary \"\"The Scottish Bounty Hunter\"\" starring Christian Matlock. Ain't No Grave Ain't No Grave (also known as Gonna Hold This Body Down) is a traditional American gospel song attributed to Claude Ely (1922-1978) of Virginia. Claude Ely describes composing the song while sick with tuberculosis in 1934 when he was twelve years old. His family prayed for his health, and in response", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14080441", "chunk_text": "\"Randy Weeks\"\nFrost also feature Weeks’ songs. Weeks self-released \"\"Sold Out at the Cinema\"\" in 2004, and followed it with \"\"Sugarfinger\"\" (produced by Jamie Candiloro) in 2006. Upon relocating to Austin, Texas from Los Angeles in 2007, Weeks signed with Certifiable Records, and released the album \"\"Going My Way\"\" in 2009. Helping out were Will Sexton, Eliza Gilkyson, Cindy Cashdollar, Rick Richards, and Mark Hallman. Randy Weeks Randy Weeks is an American singer and songwriter. Lucinda Williams (who covered Weeks' song \"\"Can't Let Go\"\") has said: \"\"Randy Weeks writes amazingly well crafted, beautifully melodic songs and delivers them with his own brand", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10055200", "chunk_text": "\"One Way Ticket (Because I Can)\"\nOne Way Ticket (Because I Can) \"\"One Way Ticket (Because I Can)\"\" or simply \"\"One Way Ticket\"\" is a song written by Judy Rodman and Keith Hinton, and recorded by American country music artist LeAnn Rimes. It was released in September 1996 as the third single from the album \"\"Blue\"\". The single made her the fourth teen-aged country music act to score a Number One single on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" country music charts. It is also her only Number One country hit. According to one of the producers present at the song's recording session, Rimes recorded her vocals in only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3473343", "chunk_text": "\"Elaine Laron\"\nElaine Laron Elaine Laron (February 18, 1930 – June 6, 2013) was an American songwriter and lyricist. She was known for her work on the children's television show \"\"The Electric Company\"\". Born in The Bronx, New York in 1930, she began her writing career with greeting cards and soon turned to writing song lyrics. Her first recorded release was \"\"Those Are the Breaks\"\" by cabaret performer Arthur Siegel in 1954. In the 1960s, she wrote \"\"The Loving Song\"\" by Nana Mouskouri and the anti-war song \"\"Hell No, I Ain't Gonna Go\"\" by civil rights activist Matthew Jones. She collaborated with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "335373", "chunk_text": "\"...That's the Way It Is\"\n...That's the Way It Is ...That's the Way It Is is the thirteenth album by American singer Harry Nilsson, released in 1976 on RCA Records. Aside from two original songs, the album consists of cover tunes. The songs include \"\"That Is All\"\", written by George Harrison and originally released on \"\"Living in the Material World\"\" in 1973; America's \"\"I Need You\"\", from their eponymous 1971 album; Randy Newman's \"\"Sail Away\"\", from his 1972 album of the same name; and the Heartbeats' \"\"A Thousand Miles Away\"\". Harrison's song was recorded twice by Nilsson, to open and close the album. Another cover", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2114775", "chunk_text": "\"No Easy Way Out (album)\"\nNo Easy Way Out (album) No Easy Way Out is the debut studio album from American singer-songwriter Robert Tepper, released by Scotti Brothers Records in 1986. It reached No. 144 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 chart. Four singles were released from the album: \"\"No Easy Way Out\"\", \"\"Don't Walk Away\"\", \"\"Angel of the City\"\" and \"\"If That's What You Call Lovin'\"\". \"\"No Easy Way Out\"\" reached No. 22 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. \"\"Don't Walk Away\"\" reached No. 85 on the same chart. Having signed with Scotti Brothers Records in 1985, Tepper's debut album was preceded by the title track,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17756348", "chunk_text": "\"When You Leave That Way You Can Never Go Back\"\nvideo also cuts to the band performing the song in a room. When You Leave That Way You Can Never Go Back \"\"When You Leave That Way You Can Never Go Back\"\" is a song written by Steve Clark and Johnny MacRae. The song—a bittersweet reflection of a condemned inmate's life, looking back at all the bridges he burned and wished could be repaired—was recorded by several country music artists, including Sam Neely, Bill Anderson and the band Confederate Railroad. \"\"When You Leave That Way ... ,\"\" told in first-person narrative, begins with the man remembering some things about his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5349001", "chunk_text": "\"There's Got to Be a Way\"\nThere's Got to Be a Way \"\"There's Got to Be a Way\"\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey from her self-titled debut studio album (1990). Columbia released it as the fifth and final single from the album in the United Kingdom. It was one of four songs Carey wrote with Ric Wake during their first recording session together in February 1990, but \"\"There's Got to Be a Way\"\" was the only composition to make the final track listing. It is a socio-political conscious R&B-pop song which addresses the existence of poverty, racism and war in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_235	who beat university of virginia in basketball this year?	n/a	[ "Virginia Tech", "UMBC", "West Virginia" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14691567", "chunk_text": "\"Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball\"\nwhere Virginia beat UNC 71-63. As the two Power Conference teams in the Commonwealth, the Cavaliers and Hokies have a long-standing rivalry. While the intensity has picked up since Virginia Tech joined the ACC in 2004, the series has long been dominated by UVA, with the Cavaliers leading the series 91-55 (.623 winning percentage). The most recent matchup occurred at John Paul Jones Arena in Charlottesville, with UVA falling in overtime 61-60 on February 10, 2018. The Cavaliers have appeared in the NCAA Tournament twenty two times. Their combined record is 29–21. The Cavaliers have appeared in the National Invitation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13528520", "chunk_text": "\"John Paul Jones Arena\"\nunder Tony Bennett and Joanne Boyle defeated strong competition by the exact score of 76–27, a margin of 49 points and nearly a tripling of the opponent's scoring. On December 20, 2014, No. 6 ranked UVA defeated an NCAA Tournament bound Harvard team 76–27. Harvard, coached by Tommy Amaker, had been ranked in the AP Top 25 just one month prior. Barely two years later on January 26, 2017, the unranked UVA women's team would upset No. 19 Virginia Tech, coached by Kenny Brooks, by an identical score of 76–27. In both cases, the Cavaliers' defensive style forced their highly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2905470", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game\"\nVirginia and No. 4 seed Arizona, and second round losses by No. 2 seed Cincinnati and No. 3 seed Tennessee, led to the South Region becoming the first ever to not advance any of its top four seeds to the Sweet Sixteen. Another Cinderella, No. 11 seed Loyola-Chicago, won the region by beating Kansas State 78–62, becoming the fourth 11-seed ever to advance to the Final Four. 2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game On March 16, 2018, during the first round of the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament, the University of Virginia (Virginia; also UVA) Cavaliers played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1895427", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Bennett (basketball, born 1969)\"\ngame by reviewing tape of UVA suffocating No. 18 Clemson 61–36; Joel Berry II explained, \"\"We want to be like [Virginia] defensively.\"\" UVA attained its first AP No. 1 ranking since 1982. With a 66–37 victory at Pitt, Virginia won its third outright regular season title in five years. The Cavaliers won the 2018 ACC Tournament by defeating North Carolina 71–63. UVA earned the first overall seed in the NCAA Tournament, only to lose ACC Sixth Man of the Year De'Andre Hunter to a broken wrist. The injury led the \"\"New York Daily News\"\" to change their pick from Virginia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14691565", "chunk_text": "\"Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball\"\nRoad outsiders, Maryland and Virginia have a long-standing rivalry that spans many decades. Traditionally, these two schools would meet in the last game of the season, and they both acted as spoilers to the other as they sought conference championships and NCAA tournament appearances. This rivalry has been dormant in recent years however, thanks to Maryland's move to the Big Ten Conference, though they did match up in the 2018 ACC-Big Ten Challenge. The most recent matchup was 76-71 win for the Cavaliers on November 28, 2018 in College Park, Maryland. As two of the ACC's oldest and most successful", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4404189", "chunk_text": "\"University of Virginia\"\nnow eight) ACC titles. The stakes have never been so high, yet, for the annual football game to contest the rivalry's Commonwealth Cup which has been dominated by the opposition in recent history. Virginia Tech has won the previous 15 contests, including a 34-31 win in 2018. UVA has not won a contest in Lane Stadium since 1998. The ACC is often regarded as the best college basketball conference, and UVA leads the series in its official ACC basketball rivalries: against Virginia Tech 91–56, and Louisville 13–4, . A budding but lopsided series between Virginia's Tony Bennett and Louisville's Rick", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13512043", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team\"\nthrough the end of the regular season and became the first ACC team to win 17 conference games. The Cavaliers won the ACC Tournament by handily defeating Louisville 75–58, Clemson 64–58, and North Carolina 71–63 in the championship game. In the process the team broke the school's single-season win record, which had twice been tied by Bennett-led teams in the past five years. ACC Sixth Man of the Year De'Andre Hunter broke his wrist in the ACC Tournament victory, and was announced to be out for the NCAA Tournament two days before it began. The injury led the \"\"New York", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2905463", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game\"\ngo out there and play loose.\"\" In a rebuilding year under head coach Tony Bennett, Virginia had entered the season unranked but proceeded to win the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) regular season championship outright by four games over pre-season AP No. 1 Duke, finishing 17–1 in conference play including Bennett's first win at Cameron Indoor Stadium. They then capped an improbable ascendancy by defeating North Carolina in the ACC Tournament championship, finishing the regular season 31–2. Two days before NCAA tournament play, the Cavaliers lost the ACC Sixth Man of the Year, forward De'Andre Hunter, to a season-ending left wrist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2905458", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game\"\n2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game On March 16, 2018, during the first round of the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament, the University of Virginia (Virginia; also UVA) Cavaliers played a college basketball game against the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) Retrievers at the Spectrum Center in Charlotte, North Carolina. The Cavaliers, who were seeded first in the South regional bracket and first overall in the NCAA Tournament, faced the Retrievers, who were seeded 16th in the South regional bracket and ranked 63rd overall (out of a field of 68). Virginia and UMBC competed for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2905459", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game\"\nright to face ninth-seeded Kansas State, which had already won their first-round game against Creighton earlier in the day. The Retrievers defeated the Cavaliers 74–54, becoming the first No. 16 seed to defeat a No. 1 seed in the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament. It was only the second time in college basketball overall, after the No. 16 seeded Harvard women defeated overall No. 1 Stanford twenty years earlier. UMBC also earned its first NCAA Tournament win in school history. With Virginia set as a 20.5 point favorite heading into the game, UMBC's victory was the second-biggest upset in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "45305", "chunk_text": "\"Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball\"\nVirginia Cavaliers men's basketball The Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball program represents the University of Virginia in the Atlantic Coast Conference in Division I of the NCAA. The team is coached by Tony Bennett. Since 2006 the team has played at John Paul Jones Arena, an on-campus arena on the North Grounds of the university, in front of 14,593 spectators whom ESPN College Gameday has called some of the most responsive and engaged fans in college basketball. Virginia has been ranked AP No. 1 on 17 occasions, first in January 1981 and most recently in March 2018. The Cavaliers have a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "45309", "chunk_text": "\"Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball\"\na 2017 Cavalier win delaying or preventing an ACC regular season title, while an injury to star player Justin Anderson during the 2015 matchup derailed UVA's national championship aspirations. The March 2018 matchup between the two teams ended with Virginia scoring 5 points in the final 0.9 seconds and dealing what proved to be a mortal blow to Louisville's NCAA tournament hopes. Virginia leads the all-time series 11-4. The most recent matchup was a 75–58 Virginia win in the ACC Tournament on March 8, 2018. Thanks to the proximity of these two long-time ACC members, and their status as Tobacco", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13528516", "chunk_text": "\"John Paul Jones Arena\"\ngame, the fans in attendance said goodbye to two fourth-year players, J. R. Reynolds and Jason Cain, both of whom had contributed to the Virginia basketball program. On February 28, 2013, Virginia upset No. 3 Duke which led to thousands of fans rushing the court. The 2012–2013 Cavaliers set a school record with 18 regular season home wins, finishing with a home record of 18–1. On March 1, 2014, Virginia (then ranked No. 12) beat No. 4 Syracuse at JPJ to win the ACC regular season title outright (i.e., with no ties) for the first time since the 1980–81 season.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2905464", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game\"\nfracture. The injury led the \"\"New York Daily News\"\" to change their pick from Virginia winning the national championship to not advancing out of the Sweet Sixteen. Virginia entered the tournament seeded first overall. The game was played at the Spectrum Center in Charlotte, North Carolina. The attendance for the game was 17,943. Spectrum Center had previously hosted the tournament in 2008, 2011, and 2015, respectively. The game was televised nationally on TNT and announced by Jim Nantz, Bill Raftery, and Grant Hill, with Tracy Wolfson as their sideline reporter. The game was played after the conclusion of the Kansas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15467278", "chunk_text": "\"Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball\"\nmembers, the UVA-UNC rivalry spans all sports and has persisted since the late 1800s. The 1980s were a particular highlight for this series as All-time greats like Ralph Sampson and Michael Jordan leading both programs to national prominence. While the Tar Heels have a significant lead in the All-Time series, the resurgence of both programs under Roy Williams and Tony Bennett has rekindled this once-fierce rivalry, as both schools have regularly found themselves at or near the top of national and conference polls during the 2010s. The most recent matchup came in the ACC Tournament championship on March 10, 2018,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15467273", "chunk_text": "\"Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball\"\ntotal of eight ACC regular season championship seasons, third best (behind Duke and North Carolina) all-time. UVA won those titles outright (no ties) in 1981, 2014, 2015 and 2018; won the 1976, 2014, and 2018 ACC Tournaments, and are six-time Runners-Up of the ACC Tournament. The Wahoos, as they are unofficially known, have appeared in the NCAA Tournament twenty-two times, advancing to the Elite Eight six times (1981, 1983, 1984, 1989, 1995, 2016). They further advanced to the 1981 and 1984 Final Fours; in the former winning the last NCAA third place game ever played, defeating No. 1 LSU 78–74.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5491062", "chunk_text": "\"2018 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n2018 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament The 2018 ACC Men's Basketball Tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Atlantic Coast Conference held at Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York from March 6–10, 2018. It was the 65th annual edition of the tournament, and the second year in a row being held at Barclays Center. The Virginia Cavaliers entered the tournament as the top seed, with a 17–1 conference record (28–2 overall) under the guidance of Tony Bennett. UVA also began the tournament unanimously ranked No. 1 in the country in both major polls. The Cavaliers defeated Louisville 75–58 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13512042", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team\"\n2017–18 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team The 201718 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team represented the University of Virginia during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by head coach Tony Bennett in his ninth year, and played their home games at John Paul Jones Arena in Charlottesville, Virginia as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. In a rebuilding year with low expectations, the Cavaliers began unranked but ascended all the way to the No. 1 ranking in the AP Poll for the first time since December 1982. The team then held on to that ranking", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14362265", "chunk_text": "\"Virginia Commonwealth University\"\ndecision to allow VCU to participate in the tournament was widely criticized among pundits and the media. VCU defeated USC 59–46 in the \"\"First Four\"\" play-in game. VCU then went on to upset Georgetown 74–56 in the round of 64. The 11th-seeded VCU Rams then upset 3rd-seeded Purdue 94–76 to advance to the Sweet 16 for the first time in school history. In the sweet sixteen, VCU defeated 10th-seeded Florida State 72–71 on a last second bucket in overtime to advance to the Elite 8 for the first time in school history. VCU beat the No. 1 seed Kansas in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4516530", "chunk_text": "\"NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament upsets\"\nvictories are almost always considered upsets (to date only one 11th or lower seeded team in the first round won having been the betting \"\"favorite\"\"; this occurred in 2017 when twelfth seeded Middle Tennessee defeated fifth seeded Minnesota in the Round of 64). Most victories by these teams in later rounds were usually against better seeded opponents as well. On March 16, 2018, the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC) Retrievers became the first 16-seed to upset a 1-seed when they defeated the Virginia Cavaliers 74–54 in the first round. This round was called the First Round until 2011, when", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13512044", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team\"\nDaily News\"\" to change their pick from Virginia winning the national championship to not advancing out of the Sweet Sixteen. UVA entered as the No. 1 overall seed, placed in the South regional, but suffered a historic upset in the first round to UMBC and became the first No. 1 seed to lose to a No. 16 seed since the field expanded to 64 teams in 1985. The first round losses by No. 1 seed Virginia and No. 4 seed Arizona, and second round losses by No. 2 seed Cincinnati and No. 3 seed Tennessee, led to the South Region", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8245882", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game\"\nthe No. 6 Houston Cougars, 64–63, on a buzzer beater by Jordan Poole. They made it to the Elite Eight by defeating the Texas A&M Aggies, 99–72. Michigan advanced to the Final Four by defeating the Florida State Seminoles, 58–54, and defeated the \"\"Cinderella story\"\" of the tournament, the Loyola-Chicago Ramblers, in the Final Four by a score of 69–57. The Villanova Wildcats won the NCAA Tournament in 2016. In 2017–18, Villanova set the NCAA record for three-point shots in a season and in the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament. After completing a 30–4 regular season, including winning the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13512045", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team\"\nbecoming the first ever to not advance any of its top four seeds to the Sweet Sixteen. Nevertheless, for taking an unranked team to finish four games above pre-season AP No. 1 ranked Duke and winning the ACC Tournament over North Carolina, Bennett was awarded his third Henry Iba Award for the nation's top coach of the season. The Cavaliers finished the 2016–17 season 23–11, and 11–7 in ACC play to tie Duke for fifth place. They defeated Pittsburgh in the second round of the ACC Tournament to advance to the quarterfinals where they lost to Notre Dame. The Wahoos", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2886121", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team\"\n2018–19 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team The 2018–19 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team represented the University of Virginia during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team is led by head coach Tony Bennett in his tenth year, and played their home games at John Paul Jones Arena in Charlottesville, Virginia as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. The Cavaliers finished the 2017–18 season 31–3, and 17–1 in ACC play to win both ACC Regular Season and tournament titles. The Cavaliers received an automatic bid to the NCAA Tournament as the No. 1 seed in the South region,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4404188", "chunk_text": "\"University of Virginia\"\ngame. The Cavaliers competed against the Hokies in the \"\"Commonwealth Challenge\"\" and more recently compete in the \"\"Commonwealth Clash\"\", under new rules, for many sports in which they compete head-to-head. The Cavaliers were 2–0 against the Hokies in the \"\"Challenge\"\" and are 2–2 in the \"\"Clash\"\" (4–2 overall) . Perhaps the most significant rivalry game ever played against the Hokies was on March 1, 2007. The two teams played a men's college basketball game in which the winner would clinch at least a share of the ACC regular season title. UVA won the game 69–56 and took their fifth (of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17963906", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team\"\n2015–16 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team The 2015–16 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team represented the University of Virginia during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season, in their 111th season of play. The team was led by head coach Tony Bennett, in his seventh year, and played their home games at John Paul Jones Arena in Charlottesville, Virginia as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. They finished the season 29–8, 13–5 in ACC play to finish in a tie for second place. They defeated Georgia Tech and Miami (FL) to advance to the championship game of the ACC Tournament", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2905469", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game\"\nthe win, Odom said, \"\"Unbelievable — it’s really all you can say.\"\" After the game, UMBC received national attention and was featured in articles from \"\"The Washington Post\"\" to \"\"USA Today\"\". UMBC advanced to the Round of 32, in which they faced 9-seed Kansas State Wildcats on March 18, 2018. The game was competitive, with neither team having a lead greater than nine points throughout the game, and UMBC trailing by only three points with two minutes remaining in the game. The Wildcats won the game 50–43, thus ending UMBC's Cinderella run. The first round losses by No. 1 seed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7016971", "chunk_text": "\"Jordan Poole\"\nsecond half deficit. The team lost in the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game to (#2 Coaches Poll/#2 AP Poll) Villanova. On November 17, 2018, Poole's career-high 22 points helped Michigan defeat George Washington 84–61. On November 28, Michigan defeated (#11/#13) North Carolina 84–67 in the ACC–Big Ten Challenge, as Poole contributed 18 points, including 5-for-8 three point shooting. On December 1, Michigan defeated (#19/#18) Purdue 76–57 in its Big Ten Conference season opener. Michigan was led by Poole with a game-high 21 points, including 5-for-5 from three-point range. On December 3, Poole was recognized as Big Ten", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1895420", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Bennett (basketball, born 1969)\"\nfrom the previous season as the Cavaliers won their sixth ACC regular season title, clinching it with a statement 75–56 home win against highly touted ACC newcomer No. 4 Syracuse, a team which had started the season 25–0. It was also their first outright regular season title since 1981. Virginia also won its second-ever ACC Tournament title (their first since 1976), defeating second-seeded No. 7 Duke in the final game, 72–63. The Cavaliers received their third (but first since 1983) No. 1 seed in the NCAA Tournament and advanced to the Sweet Sixteen for the first time since 1995. Bennett", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2886122", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team\"\nwhere they were upset by No. 16 UMBC in the First Round. This was the first time in NCAA tournament history that a No. 1 upset by No. 16. !colspan=12 style=\| Non-conference regular season !colspan=12 style=\"\"\"\"\| ACC Regular Season !colspan=12 style=\| ACC Tournament <nowiki></nowiki>AP does not release post-NCAA Tournament rankings<br>^Coaches did not release a Week 2 poll. 2018–19 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team The 2018–19 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team represented the University of Virginia during the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team is led by head coach Tony Bennett in his tenth year, and played their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13528518", "chunk_text": "\"John Paul Jones Arena\"\nDecember 21, 2014, Virginia tied an NCAA record in JPJ by only allowing Harvard one field goal in the first half of a game; Virginia went on to win 76–27 against the Crimson, a quality team which started the season ranked AP No. 25 and which recovered to win 22 games and be a fellow participant in the 2015 NCAA Tournament. JPJ is known as harboring one of the best basketball home-court advantages and crowd noise in the Atlantic Coast Conference and nationwide. Hall of Fame coach Rick Pitino of Louisville (and Kentucky) said on the eve of his first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12825115", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament\"\n2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament The 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament was a 68-team single-elimination tournament to determine the men's National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college basketball national champion for the 2017–18 season. The 80th edition of the tournament began on March 13, 2018, and concluded with the championship game on April 2 at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas. During the first round, UMBC became the first 16-seed to defeat a 1-seed in the men's tournament by defeating Virginia 74–54. For the first time in tournament history, none of the four top seeded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13528515", "chunk_text": "\"John Paul Jones Arena\"\nCavalier mascot rappelling from the rafters. Michael Buffer was introduced to announce the Virginia starting lineup prior to the men's game. On March 1, 2007, the men's basketball team defeated Virginia Tech 69–56, clinching a share of first place in the final ACC regular season standings for the 2006–2007 season. The victory marked the school-record 16th home win of the season, and the Cavaliers finished 16–1 for the season in their new arena. Furthermore, Virginia went an undefeated 8–0 in league games at home for the first time since the Hoos went 7–0 at home in 1982. Also at this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9644225", "chunk_text": "\"2014–15 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team\"\nseason in school history, set a school record for the most single-season conference wins, and earned their highest final national ranking since 1982. The Cavaliers received a #1 seed in the NCAA Tournament, where they defeated Coastal Carolina and Memphis before losing to Michigan State in the Sweet Sixteen. On November 7, 2014, head coach Tony Bennett announced, via a Virginia athletic department press release, that London Perrantes and Evan Nolte would be suspended for two scrimmages and the first game of the season due to a violation of team rules. Following the first game of the season against James", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13512046", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team\"\nreceived an at-large bid to the NCAA Tournament as the No. 5 seed in the East region. There they defeated No. 12 UNC Wilmington in the First Round before losing in the Second Round to No. 4 Florida. !colspan=12 style=\| Non-Conference Regular Season !colspan=12 style=\"\"\"\"\| ACC Regular Season !colspan=12 style=\| ACC Tournament !colspan=12 style=\| NCAA Tournament <nowiki></nowiki>AP does not release post-NCAA tournament rankings.<br>Coaches did not release a Week 2 poll at the same time the AP did. 2017–18 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team The 201718 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team represented the University of Virginia during the 2017–18 NCAA Division", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2905460", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game\"\nNCAA Tournament history behind Norfolk State's defeat of Missouri in 2012 when Missouri was a 21.5 point favorite. Virginia finished their season at 31–3 while UMBC improved to 25–10. Ironically, UMBC coach Ryan Odom grew up as a Virginia fan, the son of former UVA assistant coach Dave Odom, and recalls the experience of being in attendance to cheer on the Cavaliers as they advanced to the Final Four in 1984. At the start of this game, NCAA Tournament No. 16 seeds were 0–135 all-time against No. 1 seeds since the tournament field expanded to 64 teams in 1985. UMBC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2905465", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game\"\nState–Creighton game, which took place in the same venue. The game had 3.53 million viewers, with a 94% and 54% increase in viewership compared to the 2016 and 2017 games in the same slot. The game started defensively with the first half having four separate ties. UMBC did not lead until just before the midpoint of the half, before a Virginia steal tied the game up for the second time. Virginia went on a 7–1 run over a four-minute period to hold a six-point lead late in the first half before UMBC managed to tie the game at 16–16 before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19487672", "chunk_text": "\"UMBC Retrievers\"\nby Matthias Keller, and the lyrics and arrangement are by Jari Villanueva, former director of UMBC's pep band. UMBC Retrievers The UMBC Retrievers represent the University of Maryland, Baltimore County in NCAA Division I athletics. A member of the America East Conference (AmEast), UMBC sponsors teams in eight men's and nine women's NCAA sanctioned sports. On March 16, 2018, the Retrievers men's basketball team defeated the #1 ranked Virginia Cavaliers in the NCAA men’s basketball tournament. The defeat marked the first time a 16-seed had ever defeated a 1-seed in the tournament out of 135 previous match-ups. The retriever mascot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2905467", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UMBC vs. Virginia men's basketball game\"\nto use their timeout. Both teams would stall as only eight combined points were scored by both teams before the Retrievers' second timeout. A 5–0 run by UMBC within a minute forced Virginia to use their final timeout. Despite the break, fouls by Virginia contributed to UMBC making four free throws and scoring a layup on a missed free throw, which allowed the lead to be extended to 19 points. The final two minutes would see the Retrievers extend their lead by another point to finish the game 74–54. The Cavaliers, who led the NCAA during the season in scoring", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8245883", "chunk_text": "\"2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Championship Game\"\n2018 Big East Men's Basketball Tournament, Villanova was ranked No. 1 in the AP Poll and earned the No. 1 seed in the East Regional. In the first round, Villanova defeated the No. 16 Radford Highlanders, 87–61. Villanova blew out the No. 9 Alabama Crimson Tide by a score of 81–58 in the second round. In the Sweet 16, Villanova beat the West Virginia Mountaineers, 90–78. Villanova won against the No. 3 Texas Tech Red Raiders, 71–59, to make the Final Four. They defeated the Kansas Jayhawks by a score of 95–79 in the Final Four to reach the championship", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8545565", "chunk_text": "\"University Hall (University of Virginia)\"\nareas behind press row, the team benches, and the announcer's table empty during games. University Hall was replaced by the John Paul Jones Arena as the home to the men's and women's basketball teams in 2006. UVa's athletic department held \"\"final game\"\" ceremonies for University Hall in connection with the men's basketball game against the Maryland Terrapins on March 5, 2006, which Maryland won 71–70. UVA legend Ralph Sampson sank ceremonial \"\"last baskets\"\" at U-Hall, dunking twice during postgame festivities. However, the women's basketball team made the Women's National Invitational Tournament and played and won two WNIT games in University", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3166705", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Lonergan\"\nthe No. 6 Virginia Cavaliers on November 16, 2015. This was George Washington's first win over an opponent ranked that high since beating No. 1 Massachusetts 78-75 on Feb. 5, 1995. The Colonials would go on to finish the regular season with a 23-10 record, good enough for an NIT invite for a second consecutive season. They would go on to win the NIT Championship Game that season. In a July 21, 2016 article in the Washington Post, several former players charged Lonergan with \"\"verbal and emotional abuse\"\", charges that Lonergan did not respond to in a statement. The article", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1266823", "chunk_text": "\"Ryan Odom\"\nRyan Odom Ryan Odom (born July 11, 1974) is an American men's college basketball coach who is currently the head coach of the UMBC Retrievers men's basketball team. He was previously the head coach of the Lenoir-Rhyne Bears. Odom served as the interim head coach of the Charlotte 49ers men's basketball team from January 6 until March 15, 2015. In this capacity, he replaced Alan Major when Major went on a medical leave of absence to deal with chronic health issues. On March 16, 2018, Odom made college basketball history when UMBC defeated Virginia 74–54 in the NCAA Division I", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14003127", "chunk_text": "\"Dave Leitao\"\nas the way he approaches officials during games. His first season at UVA, with only seven scholarship players, Virginia was picked last in the ACC by reporters, but surprised the ACC finishing at 7–9 tied for 7th place. Getting contributions from little known front court players including Jason Cain and Tunji Soroye, Virginia was able to upset #23 North Carolina on Jan. 19th. Most of the season's success was due to All-ACC first team Sean Singletary, who carried the team with JR Reynolds. This year also marked the last year at University Hall for the Cavaliers. Labeled as the \"\"Last", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19736447", "chunk_text": "\"Charlottesville, Virginia\"\nteams, in addition to serving as a site for concerts and other events. The arena seats 14,593 for basketball. In its first season in the new arena concluded in March 2007, the Virginia men's basketball team tied with UNC for 1st in the ACC. Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball won the ACC outright in the 2013–14 season, as well as the 2014 ACC Tournament. The team finished the season ranked #3 in the AP poll before losing to Tom Izzo's Spartans by two points in the Sweet Sixteen held in Brooklyn, New York. Lacrosse has become a significant part of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1471212", "chunk_text": "\"John Beilein\"\nBoeheim, who had helped him acquire each of his first three Division I coaching positions. In the NCAA tournament, West Virginia beat Creighton 63–61 with a defensive stop and fast break dunk in the final five seconds. West Virginia then defeated the number two seed Wake Forest team led by Chris Paul in double overtime 111–105. In the Sweet Sixteen round, West Virginia defeated Bobby Knight's number six seeded Texas Tech 65–60. In the elite eight round, they lost 93–85 in overtime to Rick Pitino's number four seeded Louisville, who were led by Taquan Dean and Larry O'Bannon. With the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13528509", "chunk_text": "\"John Paul Jones Arena\"\nJohn Paul Jones Arena John Paul Jones Arena, or JPJ, is an arena owned by the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia. Since its opening in 2006, it serves as the home to the Virginia Cavaliers men's and women's basketball teams, as well as for concerts and other events. With seating for 14,593 fans (nearly twice the capacity of its predecessor, University Hall), John Paul Jones Arena is the largest indoor arena in Virginia and the biggest Atlantic Coast Conference basketball arena located outside of large metropolitan areas. JPJ opened for basketball on November 12, 2006, with Virginia defeating No.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8024847", "chunk_text": "\"Maryland Terrapins men's basketball\"\nthough they did match up in the 2014 ACC-Big Ten Challenge. The most recent matchup was a 76–65 win for the Cavaliers on December 3, 2014, in College Park, Maryland. The Terrapins lead the all-time series 107–76. On November 28, 2018, the rivalry was renewed in the ACC-Big Ten Challenge with Virginia winning a closely contested game by a score of 76-71. The Maryland-North Carolina rivalry peaked in the late 1970s and early 1980s when both programs were fixtures in the AP poll and legendary coaches Lefty Driesell of Maryland and Dean Smith of the Tar Heels patrolled the sidelines.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16385708", "chunk_text": "\"Louisville Cardinals men's basketball\"\nblowouts since 2014. The rivalry has taken on a similar feel to the old Maryland series, as both teams have acted as spoilers to the other with a Cardinal win in 2015 and a 2017 Cavalier win delaying or preventing an ACC regular season title, while an injury to star player Justin Anderson during the 2015 matchup derailed UVA's national championship aspirations. The March 1, 2018 matchup was particularly notable as the #1-ranked Cavaliers scored 5 points in the last 0.9 seconds to stun the Cardinals in Louisville. Virginia leads the all-time series 10-4. Louisville basketball has honored four former", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13528510", "chunk_text": "\"John Paul Jones Arena\"\n10 ranked Arizona 93–90, handing Hall of Fame coach Lute Olson his first season-opening loss in six years. Virginia men's basketball is 172–41 () at John Paul Jones Arena as of December 10, 2018. The Cavaliers have fared even better, 133–25 (), at JPJ during the Tony Bennett era. Virginia fans in the arena are known for cheering loudly for defensive stands and for providing what Hall of Fame coach Rick Pitino, who retired without a win at JPJ, called \"\"one of the best home court advantages I've ever seen\"\" where Wahoo fans seem like they are \"\"on top of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_236	what is the 3rd largest state in usa?	n/a	[ "Alaska", "California" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "615794", "chunk_text": "\"Demography of the United States\"\nDemography of the United States The United States is the third most populous country in the world with an estimated population of 328,953,020 . It is highly urbanized, with 82.3% of the population residing in cities and suburbs. Large urban clusters are spread throughout the eastern half of the United States (particularly the Great Lakes area, northeast, east, and southeast) and the western tier states; mountainous areas, principally the Rocky Mountains and Appalachian chain, deserts in the southwest, the dense boreal forests in the extreme north, and the central prairie states are less densely populated; Alaska's population is concentrated along", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14452137", "chunk_text": "\"United States\"\nUnited States The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions. At 3.8 million square miles (9.8 million km), the United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest country by total area and slightly smaller than the entire continent of Europe's 3.9 million square miles (10.1 million km). With a population of over 325 million people, the U.S. is the third most populous country. The capital is Washington, D.C., and the largest city by population", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3717492", "chunk_text": "\"United States\"\nat . Hawaii, occupying an archipelago in the central Pacific, southwest of North America, is in area. The populated territories of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, and U.S. Virgin Islands together cover . Measured by only land area, the United States is third in size behind Russia and China, just ahead of Canada. The United States is the world's third- or fourth-largest nation by total area (land and water), ranking behind Russia and Canada and just above or below China. The ranking varies depending on how two territories disputed by China and India are counted, and how", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4029573", "chunk_text": "California\nCalifornia California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States. With 39.5 million residents, California is the most populous U.S. state and the third-largest by area. The state capital is Sacramento. The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation's second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, with 18.7 million and 8.8 million residents respectively. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second-most populous, after New York City. California also has the nation's most populous county, Los Angeles County; its largest county by area, San Bernardino County; and its second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4839238", "chunk_text": "\"Classes of United States Senators\"\nVirginia, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Class 3 consists of: States with a class 3 senator: Alabama, Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Utah, Vermont, Washington, and Wisconsin. The following table lists the senators by party by class. The following table lists the senators by state and by class, including the states' Cook Partisan Voting Index ratings, which indicate the party direction in which a state tends to lean and the extent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8287934", "chunk_text": "California\nnumber of registered Democrats (2,430,612) and Republicans (1,037,031) of any county in the state. California California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States. With 39.5 million residents, California is the most populous U.S. state and the third-largest by area. The state capital is Sacramento. The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation's second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, with 18.7 million and 8.8 million residents respectively. Los Angeles is California's most populous city, and the country's second-most populous, after New York City. California also has the nation's most populous county,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2205534", "chunk_text": "\"Hawaii (island)\"\nHawaii (island) Hawaiʻi ( ; ) is the largest island located in the U.S. state of Hawaii. It is the largest and the southeasternmost of the Hawaiian Islands, a chain of volcanic islands in the North Pacific Ocean. With an area of , it has 63% of the Hawaiian archipelago's combined landmass, and is the largest island in the United States. However, it has only 13% of Hawaiʻi’s people. The island of Hawaiʻi is the third largest island in Polynesia, behind the two main islands of New Zealand. The island is often referred to as the Island of Hawaiʻi, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3892618", "chunk_text": "Alaska\nlargest state in the United States by total area at , over twice the size of Texas, the next largest state. Alaska is larger than all but 18 sovereign countries. Counting territorial waters, Alaska is larger than the combined area of the next three largest states: Texas, California, and Montana. It is also larger than the combined area of the 22 smallest U.S. states. There are no officially defined borders demarcating the various regions of Alaska, but there are six widely accepted regions: The most populous region of Alaska, containing Anchorage, the Matanuska-Susitna Valley and the Kenai Peninsula. Rural, mostly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3560789", "chunk_text": "Utah\nUtah Utah ( , ) is a state in the western United States. It became the 45th state admitted to the U.S. on January 4, 1896. Utah is the 13th-largest by area, 31st-most-populous, and 10th-least-densely populated of the 50 United States. Utah has a population of more than 3 million according to the Census estimate for July 1, 2016. Urban development is mostly concentrated in two areas: the Wasatch Front in the north-central part of the state, which contains approximately 2.5 million people; and Washington County in Southern Utah, with over 160,000 residents. Utah is bordered by Colorado to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14479377", "chunk_text": "Alaska\nthat they are over 50 years old. , over 35,000 sites have been reported. The United States Census Bureau estimates that the population of Alaska was 738,432 on July 1, 2015, a 3.97% increase since the 2010 United States Census. In 2010, Alaska ranked as the 47th state by population, ahead of North Dakota, Vermont, and Wyoming (and Washington, D.C.). Estimates show North Dakota ahead . Alaska is the least densely populated state, and one of the most sparsely populated areas in the world, at , with the next state, Wyoming, at . Alaska is the largest U.S. state by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14161937", "chunk_text": "\"Geography of Alaska\"\nand British Columbia, Canada to the east, the Gulf of Alaska and the Pacific Ocean to the south, Russia (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug), Bering Sea, the Bering Strait, and Chukchi Sea to the west, and the Beaufort Sea and the Arctic Ocean to the north. Alaska is the largest state in the United States in terms of land area at , over twice (roughly 2.47 times) as large as Texas, the next largest state, and is the seventh largest country subdivision in the world. If the state's westernmost point were superimposed on San Francisco, California, its easternmost point would be in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "280955", "chunk_text": "\"Western United States\"\nsouthern states of Texas and Oklahoma. Alaska—the northernmost state in the Union—is a vast land of few people, many of them native, and of great stretches of wilderness, protected in national parks and wildlife refuges. Hawaii's location makes it a major gateway between the United States and Asia, as well as a center for tourism. In the Pacific Coast states, the wide areas filled with small towns, farms, and forests are supplemented by a few big port cities which have evolved into world centers for the media and technology industries. Now the second largest city in the nation, Los Angeles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20562777", "chunk_text": "\"Third Coast\"\nThird Coast Third Coast is an American colloquialism used to describe coastal regions distinct from the West Coast and the East Coast of the United States. Generally, the term \"\"Third Coast\"\" refers to either the Great Lakes region or the Gulf Coast of the United States. Considering its Great Lakes coasts, Michigan has the 8th most miles of shoreline of the lower 48 states and more fresh water shoreline than any other state. Many regional businesses incorporate the term \"\"Third Coast\"\" in their names and products, such as Michigan's Third Coast Kite and Hobby, which has an image of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13909241", "chunk_text": "California\nin most years. This is often referred to by the media as the California exodus. During the 20th century, two great disasters happened in California. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake and 1928 St. Francis Dam flood remain the deadliest in U.S history. California is the 3rd largest state in the United States in area, after Alaska and Texas. California is often geographically bisected into two regions, Southern California, comprising the 10 southernmost counties, and Northern California, comprising the 48 northernmost counties. It is bordered by Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east and northeast, Arizona to the southeast, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6272164", "chunk_text": "\"Geography of the United States\"\nmaking it the world's third or fourth largest country. China and the United States are smaller than Russia and Canada in total area, but are larger than Brazil. By land area only (exclusive of waters), the United States is the world's third largest country, after Russia and China, with Canada in fourth. Whether the US or China is the third largest country by total area depends on two factors: (1) The validity of China's claim on Aksai Chin and Trans-Karakoram Tract. Both these territories are also claimed by India, so are not counted; and (2) How US calculates its own", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3717513", "chunk_text": "\"United States\"\nSpanish and French colonization of the Americas, as well as in the English colony of Maryland. It later grew because of Irish, Italian, Polish, German and Hispanic immigration. Rhode Island has the highest percentage of Catholics, with 40 percent of the total population. Utah is the only state where Mormonism is the religion of the majority of the population. The Mormon Corridor also extends to parts of Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada and Wyoming. Eastern Orthodoxy is claimed by 5% of people in Alaska, a former Russian colony, and maintains a presence on the U.S. mainland due to recent immigration from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "991769", "chunk_text": "Montana\nMontana Montana () is a state in the Northwestern United States. Montana has several nicknames, although none are official, including \"\"Big Sky Country\"\" and \"\"The Treasure State\"\", and slogans that include \"\"Land of the Shining Mountains\"\" and more recently \"\"The Last Best Place\"\". Montana is the 4th largest in area, the 8th least populous, and the 3rd least densely populated of the 50 U.S. states. The western half of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller island ranges are found throughout the state. In total, 77 named ranges are part of the Rocky Mountains. The eastern half of Montana is characterized", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16000099", "chunk_text": "Texas\nTexas Texas (, ; or \"\"Tejas\"\" ) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population. Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east, Arkansas to the northeast, Oklahoma to the north, New Mexico to the west, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas to the southwest, while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast. Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S., while San Antonio is the second-most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614425", "chunk_text": "\"Felony petty theft\"\noffenses, allowing violent criminals (who had served sentences for their previous crimes) to be released. In 2012, a revised measure aimed at moderating the effects of the three-strikes rule, known as proposition 36, was passed by voters. This required that, except where the offender had previously been convicted of rape, murder or child molestation, the third strike must be a \"\"serious or violent\"\" felony. Texas, Washington, Colorado, Connecticut, Indiana, Kansas, Nevada, North Dakota, Arkansas, Georgia, Maryland, Montana, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Utah, Vermont, Wisconsin, Florida, Tennessee, Virginia, and Arizona have also enacted Three Strikes laws", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14324702", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of the United States\"\nto R&D in 2010, together contributing 42% of national research expenditure. In 2010, more than one quarter of R&D was concentrated in California (28.1%), ahead of Massachusetts (5.7%), New Jersey (5.6%), Washington State (5.5%), Michigan (5.4%), Texas (5.2%), Illinois (4.8%), New York (3.6%) and Pennsylvania (3.5%). Seven states (Arkansas, Nevada, Oklahoma, Louisiana, South Dakota and Wyoming) devoted less than 0.8% of GDP to R&D. California is home to Silicon Valley, the name given to the area hosting the leading corporations and start-ups in information technology. This state also hosts dynamic biotechnology clusters in the San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3892613", "chunk_text": "Alaska\nAlaska Alaska (; ; ; ) is a U.S. state in the northwest extremity of North America. The Canadian administrative divisions of British Columbia and Yukon border the state to the east, its most extreme western part is Attu Island, and it has a maritime border with Russia (Chukotka Autonomous Okrug) to the west across the Bering Strait. To the north are the Chukchi and Beaufort seas—the southern parts of the Arctic Ocean. The Pacific Ocean lies to the south and southwest. It is the largest state in the United States by area and the seventh largest subnational division in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2744296", "chunk_text": "\"Southern United States\"\nestablishment of Major League Soccer has led to professional soccer clubs in the Southern cities including FC Dallas, Houston Dynamo, San Antonio FC, Orlando City, and Atlanta United. The current United States third division soccer league, the United Soccer League, was initially geographically based in the coastal Southeast around clubs in Charleston, Richmond, Charlotte, Wilmington, Raleigh, Virginia Beach, and Atlanta. Nine Southern states have obesity rates exceeding thirty percent of the population, the highest in the country: Mississippi, Louisiana, West Virginia, Alabama, Oklahoma, Arkansas, South Carolina, Kentucky, and Texas. Rates for hypertension and diabetes for these states are also the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12845655", "chunk_text": "Florida\nFlorida Florida (; Spanish for \"\"land of flowers\"\") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida. Florida is the 22nd-most extensive (), the 3rd-most populous (21,312,211 inhabitants), and the 8th-most densely populated () of the U.S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4073144", "chunk_text": "Florida\nFlorida Florida (; Spanish for \"\"land of flowers\"\") is the southernmost contiguous state in the United States. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the northwest by Alabama, to the north by Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida. Florida is the 22nd-most extensive (), the 3rd-most populous (21,312,211 inhabitants), and the 8th-most densely populated () of the U.S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13982001", "chunk_text": "Montana\nthe original name of Montana was adopted. Montana is one of the nine Mountain States, located in the north of the region known as the Western United States. It borders North Dakota and South Dakota to the east. Wyoming is to the south, Idaho is to the west and southwest, and three Canadian provinces, British Columbia, Alberta, and Saskatchewan, are to the north. With an area of , Montana is slightly larger than Japan. It is the fourth largest state in the United States after Alaska, Texas, and California; it is the largest landlocked U.S. state. The state's topography is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14437437", "chunk_text": "Oahu\nOahu O‘ahu (, anglicized Oahu ), known as \"\"The Gathering Place\"\", is the third-largest of the Hawaiian Islands. It is home to roughly one million people -- about two-thirds of the population of the U.S. state of Hawai‘i. The state capital, Honolulu, is on O‘ahu's southeast coast. Including small associated islands such as Ford Island and the islands in Kāneʻohe Bay and off the eastern (windward) coast, its area is , making it the 20th-largest island in the United States. O‘ahu is long and across. Its shoreline is long. The island is composed of two separate shield volcanoes: the Wai‘anae", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3064194", "chunk_text": "\"Third-party and independent candidates for the 2016 United States presidential election\"\nSouth Dakota, Montana, Wyoming and Maine. All major polling outfits included Johnson in their published results. His highest total was 13% in a CNN/ORC poll taken in July. Since then he has generally been in the upper single digits, breaking 10% as recently as October 10 in a Politico/Morning Consult poll. Johnson's greatest statewide percentage was in his home state of New Mexico, where he reached the mid-twenties in September before falling back into the teens. He polled in the teens in several other state states, most recently in a WBUR/MassINC poll taken in New Hampshire on November 1. There", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6832389", "chunk_text": "\"Western United States\"\nLGBT community, and Oakland, California has a large percentage of residents being African-American, as well as Long Beach, California which also has a large Black community. The state of Utah has a Mormon majority (estimated at 62.4% in 2004), while some cities like Albuquerque, New Mexico; Billings, Montana; Spokane, Washington; and Tucson, Arizona are located near Indian Reservations. In remote areas there are settlements of Alaskan Natives and Native Hawaiians. Facing both the Pacific Ocean and the Mexican border, the West has been shaped by a variety of ethnic groups. Hawaii is the only state in the union in which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18227512", "chunk_text": "\"Partition and secession in California\"\nsecessionist question on the 2018 ballot. In July 2018, the objectives of the Calexit initiative were expanded upon by including a plan to carve out an “autonomous Native American nation” that would take up the eastern part of California, and \"\"postponing its ballot referendum approach in favor of convincing Republican states to support their breakaway efforts.\"\" Partition and secession in California California, the most populous state in the United States and third largest in area after Alaska and Texas, has been the subject of more than 220 proposals to divide it into multiple states since its admission to the United", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15031363", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of California\"\nDemographics of California California is the most populated U.S. state, with an estimated population of 39.497 million as of 2017. It has people from a wide variety of ethnic, racial, national, and religious backgrounds. California is the most populated sub-national entity in North America. If it were an independent country, California would rank 34th in population in the world. It has a larger population than either Canada or Australia. Its population is one third larger than that of the next largest state, Texas. California surpassed New York to become the most populous state in 1962. However, according to the \"\"Los", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15549516", "chunk_text": "\"Science policy of the United States\"\n2010, together contributing 42% of national research expenditure. In 2010, more than one-quarter of R&D was concentrated in California (28.1%), ahead of Massachusetts (5.7%), New Jersey (5.6%), Washington State (5.5%), Michigan (5.4%), Texas (5.2%), Illinois (4.8%), New York (3.6%) and Pennsylvania (3.5%). Seven states (Arkansas, Nevada, Oklahoma, Louisiana, South Dakota and Wyoming) devoted less than 0.8% of GDP to R&D. California is home to Silicon Valley, the name given to the area hosting the leading corporations and start-ups in information technology. This state also hosts dynamic biotechnology clusters in the San Francisco Bay Area, Los Angeles and San Diego. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15512928", "chunk_text": "\"Third-degree murder\"\nThird-degree murder Third-degree murder is a name for a category of murder defined in the laws of three states in the United States, specifically Florida, Minnesota, and Pennsylvania. It was also formerly defined in New Mexico (which once had five degrees of murder) and Wisconsin. Depending on the state, third-degree murder may include felony murder regardless of the underlying felony, felony murder only where the underlying felony is non-violent, or depraved-heart murder. It is punishable by a maximum of 40 years' imprisonment in Florida (in the case of a violent career criminal) and Pennsylvania, and 25 years' imprisonment in Minnesota.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9055560", "chunk_text": "\"American cuisine\"\nwith manufacturing, finance, transportation, and meatpacking. Smaller places like Omaha, Tulsa, and Kansas City make up local capitals, but the king of them all is Chicago, third largest city in the country. The Upper Midwest includes the states of Illinois, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan. Non-American Indian settlement began here earlier than anywhere else in the region, and thus the food available here ranges from the sublime to the bizarre. As with all of the Midwest, the primary meats here are beef and poultry, since the Midwest has been raising turkeys, chickens, and geese for over a hundred and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7027873", "chunk_text": "\"North American 3 Hockey League\"\nNorth American 3 Hockey League The North American 3 Hockey League (NA3HL) is an American Tier III junior ice hockey league that consists of teams from Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, New Jersey, New York, Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Sanctioned by USA Hockey, for most of the league's existence, the winner of the NA3HL playoffs would advance to play for the Tier III National Championship, however, this has not been held since 2015. Originally formed in the early 1970s as a Junior B-level league known as the Central States Hockey League (CSHL), the league", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8019249", "chunk_text": "\"North American 3 Hockey League\"\nNational Championship Tournament, however, the tournament has not been held since 2015. North American 3 Hockey League The North American 3 Hockey League (NA3HL) is an American Tier III junior ice hockey league that consists of teams from Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, New Jersey, New York, Tennessee, Texas, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Sanctioned by USA Hockey, for most of the league's existence, the winner of the NA3HL playoffs would advance to play for the Tier III National Championship, however, this has not been held since 2015. Originally formed in the early 1970s as a Junior", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20562779", "chunk_text": "\"Third Coast\"\n(e.g., Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Indiana University, University of Illinois, Marquette University, Michigan State University, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, University of Notre Dame, Northwestern University, Niagara University, The Ohio State University, Purdue University, University of Rochester, Rochester Institute of Technology, University of Toledo, Western Michigan University and University of Wisconsin). Third Coast Third Coast is an American colloquialism used to describe coastal regions distinct from the West Coast and the East Coast of the United States. Generally, the term \"\"Third Coast\"\" refers to either the Great Lakes region or the Gulf Coast of the United", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6323644", "chunk_text": "\"Buddhism in the United States\"\n8% of the population due to its large Asian American community. The term American Buddhism can be used to describe Buddhism groups within the U.S, which are largely made up of converts. This contrasts many Buddhist groups in Asia, which are largely made up of people who were born into the faith. Hawaii has the largest Buddhist population, amounting to 8% of the total Buddhist population of the United States. California follows Hawaii with 2%. Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Illinois, Kansas, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Vermont,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1042787", "chunk_text": "\"Territorial evolution of the United States\"\nMaine, Kentucky, Vermont, and West Virginia – have been created from land claimed by another state; all of the others were created from territories or directly from acquisitions. Four states – Louisiana, Missouri, Nevada, and Pennsylvania – have expanded significantly by acquiring additional federal territory after their initial admission to the Union. The last state of the contiguous United States, commonly called the \"\"lower 48,\"\" was admitted in 1912; the fiftieth and most recent state was admitted in 1959. The Banco Convention of 1905 between the United States and Mexico allowed, in the event of sudden changes in the course", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4860458", "chunk_text": "Nevada\nNevada Nevada () is a state in the Western United States. It borders Oregon to the northwest, Idaho to the northeast, California to the west, Arizona to the southeast and Utah to the east. Nevada is the 7th most extensive, the 34th most populous, but the 9th least densely populated of the U.S. states. Nearly three-quarters of Nevada's people live in Clark County, which contains the Las Vegas–Paradise metropolitan area where three of the state's four largest incorporated cities are located. Nevada's capital, however, is Carson City. Nevada is officially known as the \"\"Silver State\"\" because of the importance of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15856405", "chunk_text": "\"New Mexico\"\nin the same general area, but of varying extensions. With a total area of , the state is the fifth-largest state of the US, and slightly larger than British Isles. New Mexico's eastern border lies along 103°W longitude with the state of Oklahoma, and (due to a 19th-century surveying error) west of 103°W longitude with Texas. On the southern border, Texas makes up the eastern two-thirds, while the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Sonora make up the western third, with Chihuahua making up about 90% of that. The western border with Arizona runs along the 109° 03'W longitude. The southwestern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17156171", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of Florida\"\nDemographics of Florida Florida is the third-most populous state in the United States. With a population of 18.8 million according to the 2010 census, Florida is the most populous state in the Southeastern United States, and the second-most populous state in the South behind Texas. Within the United States, it contains the highest percentage of people over 65 (17.3%), and the 8th fewest people under 18 (21.9%). Its residents include people from a wide variety of ethnic, racial, national and religious backgrounds. The state has attracted immigrants, particularly from Latin America. Florida's majority ethnic group are European Americans, with approximately", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5636793", "chunk_text": "\"Economy of the United States\"\nis extensive, though relatively low numbers of passengers (approximately 31 million annually) use intercity rail to travel, partially due to the low population density throughout much of the nation. However, ridership on Amtrak, the national intercity passenger rail system, grew by almost 37% between 2000 and 2010. Also, light rail development has increased in recent years. The state of California is currently constructing the nation's first high-speed rail system. The civil airline industry is entirely privately-owned and has been largely deregulated since 1978, while most major airports are publicly-owned. The three largest airlines in the world by passengers carried are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18227505", "chunk_text": "\"Partition and secession in California\"\nPartition and secession in California California, the most populous state in the United States and third largest in area after Alaska and Texas, has been the subject of more than 220 proposals to divide it into multiple states since its admission to the United States in 1850, including at least 27 significant proposals in the first 150 years of statehood. In addition, there have been some calls for the secession of multiple states or large regions in the American West (such as the proposal of Cascadia) which often include parts of Northern California. One-third of California residents in a 2016–2017", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15893679", "chunk_text": "\"Race and ethnicity in the United States\"\nis the Navajo, who call themselves Diné and live on a 16-million acre (65,000 km²) Indian reservation covering northeast Arizona, northwest New Mexico, and southeast Utah. It is home to half of the 450,000 Navajo Nation members. The third largest group are the Lakota (Sioux) Nation, with distinct federally recognized tribes located in the states of Minnesota, Nebraska, Montana, Wyoming; and North and South Dakota. Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders numbered 427,810 in 2008, or 0.1% of the population. Additionally, nearly as many individuals identify as having partial Native Hawaiian ancestry, for a total of 829,949 people of full", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5686197", "chunk_text": "\"Low-level radioactive waste policy of the United States\"\naccept Class A, B, and C waste and receive waste from states in the Northwest Compact and the Rocky Mountain Compact states. The Northwest Compact states are Washington, Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and Wyoming. The Rocky Mountain Compact states are Colorado, Nevada, and New Mexico. The third facility is located in Clive, Utah, and is licensed by the state of Utah. It accepts waste from all regions of the United States, but only accepts Class A waste. There is one facility in Andrews County, Texas, that has been licensed and operational. The operator of the facility, Waste Control Specialists", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "779345", "chunk_text": "\"Midwestern United States\"\nexported, valued at US$9 billion. Midwestern states also lead the nation in other agricultural commodities, including pork (Iowa), beef and veal (Nebraska), dairy (Wisconsin), and chicken eggs (Iowa). Chicago is the economic and financial heartbeat of the Midwest, and has the third largest gross metropolitan product in the United States—approximately $532 billion, according to 2010 estimates, after only the urban agglomerations of New York City and Los Angeles, in the first and second place, respectively. Chicago was named the fourth most important business center in the world in the MasterCard Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index. The 2017 Global Financial Centres", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6512564", "chunk_text": "\"2010 United States Census\"\n13, 2010, the Supreme Court vacated and remanded with instructions to dismiss the complaint for lack of jurisdiction. The state with the highest percentage rate of growth was Nevada, while the state with the largest population increase was Texas. Michigan, the 8th largest by population, was the only state to lose population (although Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory, lost population as well), and the District of Columbia saw its first gain since the 1950s. Note that the resident populations listed below do not include people living overseas. For Congressional apportionment, the sum of a state's resident population and its population", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14700909", "chunk_text": "\"Real ID Act\"\ninto doing the federal government's bidding by threatening to refuse noncomplying states' citizens the privileges and immunities enjoyed by other states' citizens\"\" Arizona, Arkansas, Colorado, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and Washington State have joined Maine and Utah in passing legislation opposing Real ID. Similar resolutions are pending in Alaska, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Rhode Island, Texas, Utah, Vermont, Washington, D.C., West Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Other states have moved aggressively to upgrade their IDs since 9/11, and still others", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13623363", "chunk_text": "\"Health insurance in the United States\"\nthrough private health insurance to purchase a state-sponsored health insurance plan, usually at higher cost. Minnesota was the first to offer such a plan; 34 states (Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Oregon, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming) now offer them. Plans vary greatly from state to state, both in their costs and benefits to consumers and in their methods of funding and operations. They serve a very small portion of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13968929", "chunk_text": "Minnesota\nMinnesota Minnesota () is a state in the Upper Midwest and northern regions of the United States. Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U.S. state on May 11, 1858, created from the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory. The state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan the \"\"Land of 10,000 Lakes\"\". Its official motto is \"\"L'Étoile du Nord\"\" (French: \"\"Star of the North\"\"). Minnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 22nd most populous of the U.S. states; nearly 60% of its residents live in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area (known as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_237	who sings why does it hurt when i pee?	n/a	[ "Frank Zappa", "Frank Zappa's" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5357385", "chunk_text": "\"Joe's Garage\"\nin a Wet T-Shirt\"\" \"\"Why Does It Hurt When I Pee?\"\" was written in the summer of 1978. Zappa's road manager, Phil Kaufman, alleged, that the song was written after Kaufman had asked that very question; within the context of the album's storyline, it is sung by Joe after he receives a sexually transmitted disease from Lucille, \"\"a girl, who works at the Jack in the Box\"\". The Central Scrutinizer continues to express the hypothesis that \"\"girls, music, disease, heartbreak [...] all go together.\"\" Halfway through the album's libretto, Zappa expressed the belief, that governments believe, that people are inherently", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10959363", "chunk_text": "\"Joe's Garage (song)\"\nJoe's Garage (song) \"\"Joe's Garage\"\" is a single on Frank Zappa's 1979 album \"\"Joe's Garage Act I\"\". After the introductory track, \"\"The Central Scrutinizer\"\", this song begins the story of Joe's Garage. Although it only charted in Norway and Sweden (where it was a top 20 hit in both countries), it was one of Zappa's songs which had the most airplay on American FM radio, at the time still album-centered. The song was played in concert from 1980 to 1988 along with the song \"\"Why Does it Hurt When I Pee?\"\" in all tours of Zappa's after the single's release.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7379056", "chunk_text": "\"Phil Kaufman (producer)\"\nBrothers, although he had no prior tour managing experience. The song \"\"Why Does It Hurt When I Pee?\"\" from Frank Zappa's album \"\"Joe's Garage\"\" tells the story of Kaufman's \"\"urination problems\"\". After Parson's death from an accidental drug overdose, Kaufman borrowed a hearse and drove to Los Angeles International Airport, convincing airline staff to release Parsons' body to him. According to Kaufman, he had made a pact with Parsons prior to his death regarding handling of their remains in the event of either Parson's or Kaufman's death. The 2003 movie \"\"Grand Theft Parsons\"\" follows Kaufman taking Parsons' body and burning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3539729", "chunk_text": "\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\nWhy Does It Hurt So Bad \"\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\" is a song recorded by American singer Whitney Houston for the 1995 film \"\"Waiting to Exhale\"\". It was released on July 7, 1996, by Arista Records as the seventh and final single from the accompanying soundtrack. The song was written and produced solely by Babyface. Musically, it is an R&B ballad, and the lyrics chronicle a lovelorn lament. The song garnered positive reviews from critics, who commended Houston's vocal effort. It charted in the United States on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, peaking at number twenty-six. It also reached", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3539738", "chunk_text": "\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\nYou and Me\"\", \"\"It Hurts Like Hell\"\", originally performed by Aretha Franklin, and \"\"I Will Always Love You\"\". This performance was taped in Sopot, Poland, on August 22, 1999 and broadcast on Polish television channel, TVP1. Retrieved from CD liner notes Why Does It Hurt So Bad \"\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\" is a song recorded by American singer Whitney Houston for the 1995 film \"\"Waiting to Exhale\"\". It was released on July 7, 1996, by Arista Records as the seventh and final single from the accompanying soundtrack. The song was written and produced solely by Babyface. Musically, it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8679221", "chunk_text": "\"Interstitial cystitis\"\nInterstitial cystitis Interstitial cystitis (IC), also known as bladder pain syndrome (BPS), is a type of chronic pain that affects the bladder. Symptoms include feeling the need to urinate right away, needing to urinate often, and pain with sex. IC/BPS is associated with depression and lower quality of life. Many of those affected also have irritable bowel syndrome and fibromyalgia. The cause of IC/BPS is unknown. While it can, it does not typically run in a family. The diagnosis is usually based on the symptoms after ruling out other conditions. Typically the urine culture is negative. Ulceration or inflammation may", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16271380", "chunk_text": "\"Sometimes It Hurts\"\nSometimes It Hurts \"\"Sometimes It Hurts\"\" is a song by American industrial rock band Stabbing Westward. The song was released as the first single from the 1998 album \"\"Darkest Days\"\". The song's music video begins with vocalist Chris Hall waking up in a field following an accident. Hall walks over to a river, where he finds a red-heeled shoe. Hall is lifted by a crane, before he is dropped into a flower garden. Hall is next dragged to an old house where he finds an old dress. The other band members join him before the house is torn down. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3094023", "chunk_text": "\"Don't Know Why (SoundGirl song)\"\nDon't Know Why (SoundGirl song) \"\"Don't Know Why\"\" was the debut single by British London-based trio SoundGirl from their shelved debut studio album. The single was released on 19 June 2011 as a digital download in the United Kingdom. The official remix features teen rapper Mann. A music video to accompany the release of \"\"Don't Know Why\"\" was first released onto YouTube on 27 April 2011, at a total length of three minutes and forty-six seconds. \"\"Don't Know Why\"\" is based on the track \"\"Why (Does Your Love Hurt So Much)\"\" by Natasha Thomas, which was released in 2003 by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5619145", "chunk_text": "\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\nto Chris Willman of \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\", the emotions of the movie merged with the real-life circumstances of Houston's troubled marriage to Bobby Brown. \"\"Now, I'm ready to sing not only the joys of things, but the pains of things, also,\"\" Houston explained. \"\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\" is an R&B ballad. The song was written and produced by Kenneth Brian Edmonds, popularly known as \"\"Babyface\"\". According to the sheet music book for \"\"The Greatest Hits\"\" at Sheetmusicplus.com, the song is written in the key of B major, and moves at a tempo of 69 beats per minute. It is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16613472", "chunk_text": "\"Wadsworth Mansion (band)\"\nLine\"\", backed by \"\"Queenie Dew\"\". The release would also fail to enter \"\"Billboard's\"\" Hot 100 singles chart sealing Wadsworth Mansion's fate as a one-hit wonder. In January 1972 Forrest Howie McDonald replaced Wayne Gagnon on guitar. The band recorded 4 new songs at the CBS studios in New York City. The songs recorded were: \"\"Don't Ask Me,\"\" \"\"Over and Over,\"\" \"\"Dusty Angel,\"\" and \"\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad.\"\" These were produced by James Calvert and Norman Mariano. In May of 1972 Charlie Flannery replaced Mike Jablecki on drums. The band pulled out of Rhode Island on June 21, 1972", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17004936", "chunk_text": "\"Why Can't I?\"\nWhy Can't I? \"\"Why Can't I?\"\" is a song by American pop rock artist Liz Phair. It was released in May 2003 as the lead single from her self-titled album, \"\"Liz Phair\"\". It reached number 32 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, Phair's highest-charting single to date, and only top 40 single. The single was certified gold, having sold 500,000 copies. The song is featured on the \"\"13 Going on 30 Soundtrack\"\". \"\"Why Can't I?\"\" is written in the key of B major and has a tempo of 81 beats per minute. It follows a chord progression of B–B/A–Gm–E. Chuck Taylor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546026", "chunk_text": "Urination\nUrination Urination is the release of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body. It is the urinary system's form of excretion. It is also known medically as micturition, voiding, uresis, or, rarely, emiction, and known colloquially by various names including peeing, weeing, and pissing. In healthy humans (and many other animals) the process of urination is under voluntary control. In infants, some elderly individuals, and those with neurological injury, urination may occur as a reflex. It is normal for adult humans to urinate up to seven times during the day. In some animals,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17946024", "chunk_text": "Dysuria\nDysuria In medicine, specifically urology, dysuria refers to painful urination. Difficult urination is also sometimes, but rarely, described as dysuria. It is one of a constellation of \"\"irritative\"\" bladder symptoms (also sometimes referred to as lower urinary tract symptoms), which includes nocturia and urinary frequency. This is typically described to be a burning or stinging sensation. It is most often a result of a urinary tract infection. It may also be due to an STD, bladder stones, bladder tumors, and virtually any condition of the prostate. It can also occur as a side effect of anticholinergic medication used for Parkinson's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11273935", "chunk_text": "\"Cub Koda\"\n\"\"You're the Only Girl (Delores)\"\", was included on the tribute album \"\"Daddy Rockin' Strong: A Tribute to Nolan Strong & the Diablos\"\", released by The Wind Records in August 2010 and distributed by Norton Records. The song was included on Koda's 1994 album \"\"Abba Dabba Dabba\"\", which had only limited release. A notable and plaintive song was \"\"Random Drug Test\"\", which featured the refrain \"\"Pee in the cup.\"\" Cub Koda was inducted into the Michigan Rock and Roll Legends Hall of Fame in 2016. Cub Koda Michael \"\"Cub\"\" Koda (October 1, 1948 – July 1, 2000) was an American rock", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16271381", "chunk_text": "\"Sometimes It Hurts\"\nvideo ends as the band members walk off into the sunset. Sometimes It Hurts \"\"Sometimes It Hurts\"\" is a song by American industrial rock band Stabbing Westward. The song was released as the first single from the 1998 album \"\"Darkest Days\"\". The song's music video begins with vocalist Chris Hall waking up in a field following an accident. Hall walks over to a river, where he finds a red-heeled shoe. Hall is lifted by a crane, before he is dropped into a flower garden. Hall is next dragged to an old house where he finds an old dress. The other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12724239", "chunk_text": "Urination\ntail raised, pointing the penis either horizontally backward or 60° upward. The odor of cheetah urine (unlike that of other large felids) cannot be easily detected by humans. Black-footed cats use scent marking throughout their ranges, with males spraying urine up to 12 times an hour. Urination Urination is the release of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body. It is the urinary system's form of excretion. It is also known medically as micturition, voiding, uresis, or, rarely, emiction, and known colloquially by various names including peeing, weeing, and pissing. In healthy humans", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15407945", "chunk_text": "\"Pissing Razors\"\nPissing Razors Pissing Razors is an American groove metal band originally formed in 1996. The band was started by brothers Eddy & Danny Garcia in the early 1990s and was originally named \"\"Back Door Cyclops.\"\" They then changed their name after a coined phrase thought up by the original vocalist, Dave McNutt, after he contracted \"\"the clap\"\" and described the pain. In the late 1990s, McNutt quit and Joe Rodriguez was brought on. A short time later, drummer Danny Garcia decided to move from El Paso, TX to New York City, NY. and Eddie took this opportunity to switch from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6365257", "chunk_text": "\"Randy VanWarmer\"\nRandy VanWarmer Randy VanWarmer (sometimes Vanwarmer, Van Warmer; March 30, 1955 – January 12, 2004) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. His biggest success was the pop hit, \"\"Just When I Needed You Most\"\". It reached #8 on the UK Singles Chart in September 1979 after peaking at #4 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and #1 on \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks earlier that year. He wrote several songs for the group The Oak Ridge Boys including the #1 U.S. Country hit \"\"I Guess It Never Hurts to Hurt Sometimes\"\". The song appeared on his 1981 album \"\"Beat of Love\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3539736", "chunk_text": "\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\n100, on the issue dated August 3, 1996. On the same issue, the song debuted at number 34 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart. The song later reached a peak of number 26 on the Hot 100, and 22 on the R&B/Hip-Hop Singles chart. It also reached number six on the Adult Contemporary chart, while reaching a peak of 39 on the Adult Pop Songs chart. In Canada, the song debuted at number 98 on the \"\"RPM\"\" Singles chart, on the July 22, 1996 issue. Later, on the September 15, 1996 issue, it reached a peak of number 45. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10727767", "chunk_text": "\"Pee Shy\"\nPee Shy Pee Shy (1993–1998) were an indie pop band from Tampa, Florida, whose clever, literate lyrics and unorthodox if primitive instrumentation led them to a brief major label career that ended just as they were attracting national commercial radio airplay. They released two albums for Mercury Records, played with artists including Stereolab, Luna, the Village People and Shannon Wright, and twice performed at the annual South by Southwest music festival in Austin, Texas. Their second album, \"\"Don't Get Too Comfortable\"\", peaked at No. 2 in the national college music charts in February 1998. Pee Shy began as a duo:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6726806", "chunk_text": "\"What Hurts the Most\"\nWhat Hurts the Most \"\"What Hurts the Most\"\" is a song written by American songwriter Jeffrey Steele and English songwriter Steve Robson. Initially recorded by country music artist Mark Wills in 2003 on his album \"\"And the Crowd Goes Wild\"\", it was covered by Bellefire a year later. The first version to be released as a single was by pop singer Jo O'Meara in 2005, from the album \"\"Relentless\"\". Later that year, country band Rascal Flatts covered the song as well, releasing it as the first single from the 2006 album \"\"Me and My Gang\"\", topping the U.S country and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4360772", "chunk_text": "\"Pain (Jimmy Eat World song)\"\nPain (Jimmy Eat World song) \"\"Pain\"\" is a song by American rock band Jimmy Eat World. It was released in September 2004 as the first single from their 2004 album \"\"Futures\"\" and became their second number-one hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Modern Rock Tracks chart. Although its album is not their most successful and \"\"Pain\"\" is not the highest charting single, the single has received Gold status by the RIAA, making \"\"Pain\"\" Jimmy Eat World's best-selling single. CD 7\"\" The video, which was directed by Paul Fedor, features a young man who constantly does things which cause him pain (including submerging", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12889925", "chunk_text": "\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\nby Forest Whitaker. Although Houston did not intend to contribute to the , when Whitaker hired Babyface to score the soundtrack, she opted in. Babyface, Houston and some other African-American female singers recorded songs for the album. The song was one of the final additions to the soundtrack. \"\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\" was originally written by Babyface for Houston, two years prior to the release of \"\"Waiting to Exhale\"\", but Houston refused to record it at that time. \"\"I wasn't really in the mood for singing about why it hurts so bad,\"\" said Houston. Two years later, according", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8930557", "chunk_text": "\"Softer, Softest\"\nSofter, Softest \"\"Softer, Softest\"\" is a song by American alternative rock band Hole, written by frontwoman Courtney Love and lead guitarist Eric Erlandson. The song was released as the band's eighth single and fourth and final single from their second studio album, \"\"Live Through This\"\", in December 1995. The single was released just as the band finished their extensive touring in 1995. Erlandson and Love are known to have written \"\"Softer, Softest\"\" as early as December 1991 at which time it was performed live during the band's tour of the United Kingdom in winter 1991. Originally known as \"\"Pee Girl\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2687014", "chunk_text": "\"Renal colic\"\nRenal colic Renal colic is a type of abdominal pain commonly caused by kidney stones. Renal colic typically begins in the flank and often radiates to the hypochondrium (the part of the anterior abdominal wall below the costal margins) or the groin. It is typically colicky (comes in waves) due to ureteric peristalsis, but may be constant. It is often described as one of the strongest pain sensations known. Although this condition can be very painful, kidney stones usually cause no permanent physical damage. The experience is said to be traumatizing due to pain, and the experience of passing blood,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "596448", "chunk_text": "\"Why Can't I?\"\nand was released in June 2003. Why Can't I? \"\"Why Can't I?\"\" is a song by American pop rock artist Liz Phair. It was released in May 2003 as the lead single from her self-titled album, \"\"Liz Phair\"\". It reached number 32 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, Phair's highest-charting single to date, and only top 40 single. The single was certified gold, having sold 500,000 copies. The song is featured on the \"\"13 Going on 30 Soundtrack\"\". \"\"Why Can't I?\"\" is written in the key of B major and has a tempo of 81 beats per minute. It follows a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16353798", "chunk_text": "\"Burn Rubber on Me (Why You Wanna Hurt Me)\"\naway. The narrative is continued in \"\"Early in the Morning\"\". A later single released, featuring \"\"Humpin'\"\" on the B-side, scored a #19 appearance on the dance charts. Pop singer George Michael sampled the song for his 1997 single \"\"Star People '97\"\". All releases are in the U.S. unless indicated: Burn Rubber on Me (Why You Wanna Hurt Me) \"\"Burn Rubber on Me (Why You Wanna Hurt Me)\"\" is a song originally performed by The Gap Band in 1980 and written by member Charlie Wilson and producer Lonnie Simmons. In 1981, it peaked at number eighty-four on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8872032", "chunk_text": "\"What Hurts the Most\"\nHuff's suggestion, it made their album \"\"Me and My Gang\"\". Wills' rendition of the song, though never a single, peaked at number 51 on the U.S. Hot Digital Songs charts in 2006 in the wake of Rascal Flatts' success with it. British singer Jo O'Meara, who was originally the leader of the pop music band S Club 7, released the song in 2005 as her first solo single, becoming the first artist to release it as a single. It was the lead single from her debut album \"\"Relentless\"\". O'Meara's version peaked at number thirteen in the UK Singles Chart. CD", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10528725", "chunk_text": "\"It Only Hurts When I Cry\"\nIt Only Hurts When I Cry \"\"It Only Hurts When I Cry\"\" is a song co-written by American country music artists Dwight Yoakam and Roger Miller, and recorded by Yoakam. It was released in December 1991 as the fourth single from his album \"\"If There Was a Way\"\". It peaked at #7 in the United States, and at #4 in Canada. This song was one of the last ones written by Miller before his 1992 death. The chorus section's melody may have been inspired by Wynn Stewart's \"\"That's the Only Way to Cry,\"\" a 1967 country chart hit written by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12600224", "chunk_text": "\"Hurts So Good\"\nHurts So Good \"\"Hurts So Good\"\" is a song by American singer-songwriter John Mellencamp, then performing under the stage name \"\"John Cougar.\"\" The song was a number two hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 for the singer/songwriter. It was the first of three major hit singles from his 1982 album \"\"American Fool\"\". The others were \"\"Jack & Diane\"\" and \"\"Hand to Hold On To,\"\" which were all released in 1982. The song was also a critical success with Mellencamp winning the Best Rock Vocal Performance, Male at the 25th Grammy Awards on February 23, 1983. \"\"Hurts So Good\"\" was written", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9802344", "chunk_text": "\"Interstitial cystitis\"\nfive times as often as men. Onset is typically in middle age. The term \"\"interstitial cystitis\"\" first came into use in 1887. The most common symptoms of IC/BPS are suprapubic pain, urinary frequency, painful sexual intercourse, and waking up from sleep to urinate. In general, symptoms may include painful urination described as a burning sensation in the urethra during urination, pelvic pain that is worsened with the consumption of certain foods or drinks, urinary urgency, and pressure in the bladder or pelvis. Other frequently described symptoms are urinary hesitancy (needing to wait for the urinary stream to begin, often caused", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12032799", "chunk_text": "\"Tell Me Where It Hurts (Garbage song)\"\nTell Me Where It Hurts (Garbage song) \"\"Tell Me Where It Hurts\"\" is the 2007 lead single from alternative rock band Garbage's career-spanning greatest hits album \"\"Absolute Garbage\"\", and was released as a physical single by A&E Records in the United Kingdom and Ireland, and as a digital single or airplay-only release in other worldwide territories. \"\"Tell Me Where It Hurts\"\" was written by Garbage members Duke Erikson, Shirley Manson, Steve Marker and Butch Vig in Los Angeles in March 2007 after an eighteen-month hiatus from working as a group, as they needed to write some new songs for inclusion", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546062", "chunk_text": "Urination\nboots\"\", as well as \"\"to have a slash\"\", which originates from the Scottish term for a large splash of liquid. One of the most common, albeit old-fashioned, euphemisms in British English is \"\"to spend a penny\"\", a reference to coin-operated pay toilets, which used (pre-decimalisation) to charge that sum. References to urination are commonly used in slang. Usage in English includes: Urolagnia is an inclination to obtain sexual enjoyment by looking at or thinking of urine or urination. As a paraphilia, urine may be consumed, or the person may bathe in it. Drinking urine is known as urophagia, though uraphagia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6462407", "chunk_text": "\"Where Does It Hurt?\"\nWhere Does It Hurt? Where Does it Hurt? is a 1972 American comedy film written and directed by Rod Amateau, starring Peter Sellers, Jo Ann Pflug, Rick Lenz, Pat Morita, and Harold Gould. The film is a darkly satirical look at capitalism in a hospital environment. Sellers plays hospital administrator Albert T. Hopfnagel, who oversees a facility that is more interested in generating revenue than it is in providing sound medical care. When construction worker Lester Hammond (Lenz) shows up needing nothing more than a chest X-ray, he is immediately admitted and subjected to a battery of tests. Hopfnagel rides", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1131243", "chunk_text": "\"Overactive bladder\"\ninclude obesity, caffeine, and constipation. Poorly controlled diabetes, poor functional mobility, and chronic pelvic pain may worsen the symptoms. People often have the symptoms for a long time before seeking treatment and the condition is sometimes identified by caregivers. Diagnosis is based on a person's signs and symptoms and requires other problems such as urinary tract infections or neurological conditions to be excluded. The amount of urine passed during each urination is relatively small. Pain while urinating suggests that there is a problem other than overactive bladder. Specific treatment is not always required. If treatment is desired pelvic floor exercises,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "799926", "chunk_text": "Urine\nmedical contexts. \"\"Piss\"\" continues to be used, but is considered vulgar; it is also used in such colloquialisms as \"\"to piss off\"\" and \"\"piss poor\"\", and the slang expression \"\"pissing down\"\" to mean \"\"heavy rain\"\". Euphemisms and expressions used between parents and children (such as \"\"wee\"\", \"\"pee\"\", and many others) have long existed. \"\"Lant\"\" is a word for aged urine, originating from the Old English word \"\"land\"\" referring to urine in general. Urine Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many animals. Urine flows from the kidneys through the ureters to the urinary bladder. Urination results", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12125487", "chunk_text": "\"Nothing Records\"\nMcMahon as well, but noted, “I think that he didn’t take well to the major label situation.” In the subsequent years, McMahon quietly recorded on and off, while attempting to reacquire publishing rights to his new material. After successfully doing so in 1999, McMahon surfaced online with an MP3 of a new track, “Wetcat,” in late 2000. Two more tracks, \"\"I Know It's Gonna Hurt\"\" and \"\"Cloud\"\", followed in 2001 (the latter ultimately surfacing on Lucky Pierre's \"\"ThinKing\"\" album). Opting not to shop his material to new labels, McMahon instead chose to self-release. In 2002, Prick finally announced their sophomore", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "87139", "chunk_text": "\"It Hurts Too Much\"\nIt Hurts Too Much \"\"It Hurts Too Much\"\" is a 1980 song by Eric Carmen. It was the lead single from his fourth album, \"\"Tonight You're Mine\"\", and was the more successful of two releases from the LP. The song reached number 75 on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and number 71 on \"\"Record World\"\". It was also a big regional hit in Perth, Australia. \"\"It Hurts Too Much\"\" did best in South Africa, where it reached number three and became Carmen's biggest hit in that nation. \"\"It Hurts Too Much\"\" was featured on the soundtrack of the 2010 comedy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13754607", "chunk_text": "\"It Really Hurts Me Girl\"\nIt Really Hurts Me Girl \"\"It Really Hurts Me Girl\"\" is a song and single by American group, The Carstairs. In the UK, DJ Ian Levine, having heard this song played on radio in Miami, acquired a copy and played it during a Northern soul event at the Blackpool Mecca in 1973. It caused controversy as it was not to the liking of those who preferred traditional Northern soul music based on a sound and rhythm similar to that traditionally emanating from the Motown label. The song is credited with stating a new musical genre that came to be known", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10591950", "chunk_text": "Pyelonephritis\nPyelonephritis Pyelonephritis is inflammation of the kidney, typically due to a bacterial infection. Symptoms most often include fever and flank tenderness. Other symptoms may include nausea, burning with urination, and frequent urination. Complications may include pus around the kidney, sepsis, or kidney failure. It is typically due to a bacterial infection, most commonly \"\"Escherichia coli\"\". Risk factors include sexual intercourse, prior urinary tract infections, diabetes, structural problems of the urinary tract, and spermicide use. The mechanism of infection is usually spread up the urinary tract. Less often infection occurs through the bloodstream. Diagnosis is typically based on symptoms and supported", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6726824", "chunk_text": "\"What Hurts the Most\"\nCredits taken from \"\"Perfect Day\"\" liner notes. What Hurts the Most \"\"What Hurts the Most\"\" is a song written by American songwriter Jeffrey Steele and English songwriter Steve Robson. Initially recorded by country music artist Mark Wills in 2003 on his album \"\"And the Crowd Goes Wild\"\", it was covered by Bellefire a year later. The first version to be released as a single was by pop singer Jo O'Meara in 2005, from the album \"\"Relentless\"\". Later that year, country band Rascal Flatts covered the song as well, releasing it as the first single from the 2006 album \"\"Me and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16150938", "chunk_text": "\"It Hurts\"\nIt Hurts \"\"It Hurts\"\" is the second single in Europe by Angels & Airwaves' from the debut album \"\"We Don't Need to Whisper\"\". A short-film for this song was released on April 18 on the Angels & Airwaves official website, which continues where the video for \"\"The Adventure\"\" left off and continues with \"\"The Gift\"\". During the time of its first release, it peaked on the UK charts at #59. The song was also released as a downloadable track for the video game \"\"Rock Band\"\" on May 6, 2008. Tom DeLonge: \"\"\"\"I have a friend who's got a girlfriend that's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6462409", "chunk_text": "\"Where Does It Hurt?\"\nJapanese, insurance companies, hospitals, Poles, and humanity, you'll love this movie.” Nonetheless, the film holds a 67% fresh rating, based on 142 reviews, on Rotten Tomatoes. Where Does It Hurt? Where Does it Hurt? is a 1972 American comedy film written and directed by Rod Amateau, starring Peter Sellers, Jo Ann Pflug, Rick Lenz, Pat Morita, and Harold Gould. The film is a darkly satirical look at capitalism in a hospital environment. Sellers plays hospital administrator Albert T. Hopfnagel, who oversees a facility that is more interested in generating revenue than it is in providing sound medical care. When construction", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12889924", "chunk_text": "\"Why Does It Hurt So Bad\"\na peak position of number twenty-two in the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and number six on the Adult Contemporary chart. In Canada, the song reached a peak of number forty-five on the \"\"RPM\"\" Singles chart. Although there is no official music video for the song, a performance of the song at the 1996 MTV Movie Awards was taped and is used as a promotional clip. The song was later included as a medley, in her My Love Is Your Love World Tour (1999), along with a few other songs. Houston starred in the 1995 romance film \"\"Waiting to Exhale\"\", directed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "691685", "chunk_text": "\"Benign prostatic hyperplasia\"\ninvoluntary urination at night, or urge incontinence (urine leak following a strong sudden need to urinate). Voiding symptoms include urinary hesitancy (a delay between trying to urinate and the flow actually beginning), intermittency (not continuous), involuntary interruption of voiding, weak urinary stream, straining to void, a sensation of incomplete emptying, and terminal dribbling (uncontrollable leaking after the end of urination, also called post-micturition dribbling). These symptoms may be accompanied by bladder pain or pain while urinating, called dysuria. Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) can be caused by BPH. Symptoms are abdominal pain, a continuous feeling of a full bladder, frequent urination,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "262535", "chunk_text": "\"Urinary tract infection\"\nUrinary tract infection A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract. When it affects the lower urinary tract it is known as a bladder infection (cystitis) and when it affects the upper urinary tract it is known as kidney infection (pyelonephritis). Symptoms from a lower urinary tract include pain with urination, frequent urination, and feeling the need to urinate despite having an empty bladder. Symptoms of a kidney infection include fever and flank pain usually in addition to the symptoms of a lower UTI. Rarely the urine may appear bloody. In the very", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5147881", "chunk_text": "\"How Can I Ease the Pain\"\nHow Can I Ease the Pain \"\"How Can I Ease the Pain\"\" is a song by American singer Lisa Fischer, from her album \"\"So Intense\"\". It was produced by Narada Michael Walden and Louis Biancaniello. The hit song spent two weeks at number-one on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. The song was sampled by rap group Three 6 Mafia for their hit \"\"Late Nite Tip\"\". In 1992 the single won a Soul Train Music Award for Best R&B/Soul Single, Female and it also won a 1992 Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance. The song also peaked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4532261", "chunk_text": "\"Feel the Pain\"\nthe films \"\"Houseguest\"\" and \"\"Young Adult\"\". The song is a playable track in \"\"Rock Band 2\"\" and \"\"Guitar Hero World Tour\"\" as well as a downloadable track for \"\"Rocksmith 2014\"\". Singles Feel the Pain \"\"Feel the Pain\"\" is a single by alternative rock band Dinosaur Jr. from their 1994 album \"\"Without a Sound\"\". When interviewed by Billboard magazine the producer and mixer for Dinosaur Jr., Agnello, explained that he was after a \"\"dry\"\" sound to the song, \"\"…so dry it jumps out at you.\"\" Despite bashing \"\"Without a Sound\"\" as a whole, \"\"Feel the Pain\"\" was one of the two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9574087", "chunk_text": "\"Why (Carly Simon song)\"\nat #74 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, and remained on the chart for 6 weeks. The song is centered on the phrase \"\"Why does your love hurt so much?\"\", and Simon sings perhaps one of her most heartfelt and yearning vocals to date on the track. However, despite this sad subject matter, the song also became well known for its catchy refrain \"\"La di-da, di-da\"\". A promotional video was made for the single that is currently viewable on Simon's YouTube page. The video shows Simon walking through a downtown street before stopping by an outdoor café where she mingles with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19271370", "chunk_text": "\"How Can I Ease the Pain\"\nat number eleven on the pop charts. This was Fischer's biggest and most well-known hit. How Can I Ease the Pain \"\"How Can I Ease the Pain\"\" is a song by American singer Lisa Fischer, from her album \"\"So Intense\"\". It was produced by Narada Michael Walden and Louis Biancaniello. The hit song spent two weeks at number-one on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. The song was sampled by rap group Three 6 Mafia for their hit \"\"Late Nite Tip\"\". In 1992 the single won a Soul Train Music Award for Best R&B/Soul Single, Female and it also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_238	when does the cannes film festival take place?	n/a	[ "Cannes, France", "usually in May" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823066", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nCannes Film Festival The Cannes Festival (; ), until 2002 called the International Film Festival (') and known in English as the Cannes Film Festival, is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films of all genres, including documentaries from all around the world. Founded in 1946, the invitation-only festival is held annually (usually in May) at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès. It is one of the \"\"Big Three\"\" alongside the Venice Film Festival and Berlin International Film Festival. On 1 July 2014, co-founder and former head of French pay-TV operator Canal+, Pierre Lescure,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823067", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\ntook over as President of the Festival, while Thierry Fremaux became the General Delegate. The board of directors also appointed Gilles Jacob as Honorary President of the Festival. The 2018 Cannes Film Festival took place between 8 and 19 May 2018. The jury president was Australian actress Cate Blanchett, and \"\"Shoplifters\"\", directed by Hirokazu Kore-eda, won the Palme d'Or. The Cannes Film Festival has its origins in 1932 when Jean Zay, the French Minister of National Education, on the proposal of historian Philippe Erlanger and with the support of the British and Americans, set up an international cinematographic festival. Its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18554836", "chunk_text": "Cannes\nCannes Cannes (; ; ) is a city located on the French Riviera. It is a commune located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, and host city of the annual Cannes Film Festival, Midem, and Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity. The city is known for its association with the rich and famous, its luxury hotels and restaurants, and for several conferences. On 3 November 2011 it also played host to the G20 organisation of industrialised nations. By the 2nd century BC, the Ligurian Oxybii established a settlement here known as \"\"Aegitna\"\" (Αἴγιθνα in Ancient Greek). Historians are unsure what the name", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18051175", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Cannes Film Festival\"\n2017 Cannes Film Festival The 70th Cannes Film Festival took place from 17 to 28 May 2017, in Cannes, France. Spanish film director and screenwriter Pedro Almodóvar was the President of the Jury for the festival and Italian actress Monica Bellucci hosted the opening and closing ceremonies. \"\"Ismael's Ghosts\"\", directed by French director Arnaud Desplechin, was the opening film for the festival. The festival celebrated its 70th anniversary. In late March 2017, the official poster of the festival was revealed featuring Italian actress Claudia Cardinale. The actress responded, \"\"'I am honoured and proud to be flying the flag for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4596611", "chunk_text": "Cannes\nFrom Bastia, the journey is 4 hours, 45 minutes on conventional ferries and 3 hours, 40 minutes on express ferries, while from Calvi, conventional vessels take 3 hours, 45 minutes and express vessels take 2 hours, 45 minutes. An average of four ferries a day sail on these routes, with more during summer. Cannes is twinned with: Cannes has friendship pacts with: Cannes Cannes (; ; ) is a city located on the French Riviera. It is a commune located in the Alpes-Maritimes department, and host city of the annual Cannes Film Festival, Midem, and Cannes Lions International Festival of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3777943", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Cannes Film Festival\"\nannounced on 21 April 2017, at the section's website. Feature films Special screenings ACID Trip #1 - Serbia In Competition Un Certain Regard Cinéfondation Golden Camera Short Films FIPRESCI Prizes Ecumenical Jury Awards in the frame of International Critics' Week Awards in the frame of Directors' Fortnight L'Œil d'or Jury Queer Palm Jury Palm Dog Jury Prix François Chalais Vulcan Award of the Technical Artist Cannes Soundtrack Award 2017 Cannes Film Festival The 70th Cannes Film Festival took place from 17 to 28 May 2017, in Cannes, France. Spanish film director and screenwriter Pedro Almodóvar was the President of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823079", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nknown to have 'banned' selfies on the Red Carpet of the world's largest Film Festival back in 2015. In 2017, along with the 70th anniversary events of the Festival, the issue of changing the rules on theatrical screening caused controversy. The enforcement of theatrical screening in 2018 resulted in Netflix being banned. The Cannes Film Festival is organised in various sections: The President of the Festival, who represents the Festival in front of its financial partners, the public authorities and the media, is elected by the board of directors of the Festival, officially named the \"\"French Association of the Film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2707008", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Cannes Film Festival\"\nfemale film professionals, led by Jury president Cate Blanchett and veteran director Agnès Varda, took part to a demonstration on the red carpet, demanding more equality between men and women in the film industry, notably the end of the pay gap. In Competition Un Certain Regard Cinéfondation Golden Camera FIPRESCI Prizes Ecumenical Prize International Critics' Week Directors' Fortnight L'Œil d'or Queer Palm Palm Dog Prix François Chalais Cannes Soundtrack Award Trophée Chopard 2018 Cannes Film Festival The 71st annual Cannes Film Festival was held from 8 to 19 May 2018. Australian actress Cate Blanchett acted as President of the Jury.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "262087", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Cannes Film Festival\"\n2018 Cannes Film Festival The 71st annual Cannes Film Festival was held from 8 to 19 May 2018. Australian actress Cate Blanchett acted as President of the Jury. The Japanese film \"\"Shoplifters\"\", directed by Hirokazu Kore-eda, won the Palme d'Or. Asghar Farhadi's psychological thriller \"\"Everybody Knows\"\", starring Javier Bardem, Penélope Cruz and Ricardo Darín, opened the festival and competed in the Main Competition section. It was the second Spanish-language film to open Cannes, following Pedro Almodóvar's \"\"Bad Education\"\", which screened on the opening night of the 2004 festival. The official festival poster features Jean-Paul Belmondo and Anna Karina from Jean-Luc", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823068", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\norigins may be attributed in part to the French desire to compete with the Venice Film Festival, which at the time was shocking the democratic world by its fascist bias. The first festival was planned for 1939, Cannes was selected as the location for it, but the funding and organization were too slow and finally the beginning of World War II put an end to this plan. On 20 September 1946, twenty-one countries presented their films at the First Cannes International Film Festival, which took place at the former Casino of Cannes. In 1947, amid serious problems of efficiency, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20977489", "chunk_text": "Cannes\nThe city was modernised with a sports centre, a post office, and schools. There were fewer British and German tourists after the First World War but more Americans. Winter tourism gave way to summer tourism and the summer casino at the Palm Beach was constructed. The city council had the idea of starting an international film festival shortly before World War II. The first opened on 20 September 1946, held in the Casino Municipal. Cannes has a Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification \"\"Csa\"\") and the city enjoys 11 hours of sunshine per day during summer (July), while in winter (December", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18974325", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nalso been accused of sexual harassment and abuse at past festivals. An accusation of rape involving Harvey Weinstein, allegedly occurred at the Venice festival. As a result of the past sexual controversies and the #MeToo movement that arose out of the Harvey Weinstein scandal, in 2018, Cannes Film Festival officials announced the creation of a telephone hotline during the festival in which victims could report incidents of sexual harassment and other crimes. The hotline is in collaboration with the French government. Cannes Film Festival The Cannes Festival (; ), until 2002 called the International Film Festival (') and known in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823069", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nfestival was held as the \"\"Festival du film de Cannes\"\", where films from sixteen countries were presented. The festival was not held in 1948 and 1950 on account of budgetary problems. In 1949, the \"\"Palais des Festivals\"\" was expressly constructed for the occasion on the seafront promenade of La Croisette, although its inaugural roof, while still unfinished, blew off during a storm. In 1951, the festival was moved to spring to avoid a direct competition with the Venice Festival which was held in autumn. During the early 1950s, the festival attracted a lot of tourism and press attention, with showbiz", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20977491", "chunk_text": "Cannes\nAntipolis lies in the hills beyond Cannes. The Film Festival is a major event for the industry which takes place every year during the month of May. In addition, Cannes hosts other major annual events such as the MIPIM, MIPTV, MIDEM, Cannes Lions, and the NRJ Music Awards. There is an annual television festival in the last week in September. The economic environment is based on tourism, business fairs, trade and aviation. Cannes has companies, of which are traders, artisans and service providers. In 2006, 421 new companies were registered. Cannes hosts the Cannes Mandelieu Space Center, headquarters of Thales", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "940791", "chunk_text": "\"Promenade de la Croisette\"\nof France. Promenade de la Croisette The Promenade de la Croisette () (or \"\"Boulevard de la Croisette\"\") is a prominent road in Cannes, France. It stretches along the shore of the Mediterranean Sea and is about 2 km long. The Croisette is known for the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès, where the Cannes Film Festival (Le Festival International du Film de Cannes) is held. Many expensive shops, restaurants, and hotels (such as the Carlton, Majestic, JW Marriott Cannes, and Martinez) line the road. It goes completely along the coastline of Cannes. The Croisette is listed in the cultural heritage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11215732", "chunk_text": "\"Promenade de la Croisette\"\nPromenade de la Croisette The Promenade de la Croisette () (or \"\"Boulevard de la Croisette\"\") is a prominent road in Cannes, France. It stretches along the shore of the Mediterranean Sea and is about 2 km long. The Croisette is known for the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès, where the Cannes Film Festival (Le Festival International du Film de Cannes) is held. Many expensive shops, restaurants, and hotels (such as the Carlton, Majestic, JW Marriott Cannes, and Martinez) line the road. It goes completely along the coastline of Cannes. The Croisette is listed in the cultural heritage general inventory", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17317574", "chunk_text": "\"Festival in Cannes\"\nFestival in Cannes Festival in Cannes is a 2001 film directed by Henry Jaglom. The plot is an entertainment industry farce about filmmakers trying to make deals during the Cannes Film Festival. Cannes, 1999. Alice, an actress, wants to direct an indie picture. Kaz, a talkative (and maybe bogus) deal maker, promises $3 million if she'll use Millie, an aging French star. But, Rick, a big producer, needs Millie for a small part in a fall movie or he loses his star, Tom Hanks. Is Kaz for real? Can Rick sweet-talk Alice and sabotage Kaz to keep Millie from taking", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15034592", "chunk_text": "\"Palais des Festivals et des Congrès\"\nhigh-tech facilities\"\" for housing conferences throughout the year. Palais des Festivals et des Congrès The Palais des Festivals et des Congrès (\"\"Palace of Festivals and Conferences\"\") is a convention center in Cannes, France, the venue for the Cannes Film Festival and the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity. The building opened in 1982. The first \"\"Palais des Festivals et des Congrès\"\" was built in 1949 to host the Cannes Film Festival. The original building was located on the boulevard of Promenade de la Croisette on the present site of the JW Marriott Cannes. That building hosted the 4th and 6th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18974321", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nappointment of the President of the Jury is made following several annual management proposals made in the fall and submitted to the Festival's board of directors for validation. The jury meets annually at the historic Villa Domergue to select the winners. The most prestigious award given at Cannes is the Palme d'Or (\"\"Golden Palm\"\") for the best film. The festival has become an important showcase for European films. Jill Forbes and Sarah Street argue in \"\"European Cinema: An Introduction\"\" (), that Cannes \"\"became...extremely important for critical and commercial interests and for European attempts to sell films on the basis of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20156025", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Corporate Media & TV Awards\"\nCannes Corporate Media & TV Awards The Cannes Corporate Media & TV Awards is an international festival dedicated to corporate films, online media and TV productions, and takes place every October in Cannes, France. It is often referred to as one of the most important festivals in the corporate film industry. The first festival took place in 2010. The current Festival Director is Austrian businessman Alexander V. Kammel who is also the director of the International Committee of Tourism Film Festivals (ICTFF) and lots of other festivals. The best corporate productions and international TV documentaries are rewarded with Dolphin Trophies", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15034589", "chunk_text": "\"Palais des Festivals et des Congrès\"\nPalais des Festivals et des Congrès The Palais des Festivals et des Congrès (\"\"Palace of Festivals and Conferences\"\") is a convention center in Cannes, France, the venue for the Cannes Film Festival and the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity. The building opened in 1982. The first \"\"Palais des Festivals et des Congrès\"\" was built in 1949 to host the Cannes Film Festival. The original building was located on the boulevard of Promenade de la Croisette on the present site of the JW Marriott Cannes. That building hosted the 4th and 6th Eurovision Song Contests in 1959 and 1961. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12298166", "chunk_text": "\"2010 Cannes Film Festival\"\n2010 Cannes Film Festival The 63rd Cannes Film Festival was held from 12 to 23 May 2010, in Cannes, France. The Cannes Film Festival, hailed as being one of the most recognized and prestigious film festivals worldwide, was founded in 1946. It consists of having films screened in and out of competition during the festival; films screened in competition compete for the Palme d'Or award. The award in 2010 was won by \"\"Uncle Boonmee Who Can Recall His Past Lives\"\", a Thai film directed by Apichatpong Weerasethakul. This was determined by the festival's jury members who reviewed films screened in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14579254", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Cannes Film Festival\"\n2016 Cannes Film Festival The 69th Cannes Film Festival was held from 11 to 22 May 2016. Australian director George Miller was the President of the Jury for the main competition. French actor Laurent Lafitte was the host for the opening and closing ceremonies. On 15 March it was announced that Japanese director Naomi Kawase would serve as the Cinéfondation and Short Film Jury president. American director Woody Allen's film \"\"Café Society\"\" opened the festival. The Palme d'Or was awarded to the British film \"\"I, Daniel Blake\"\" directed by Ken Loach, which also served as closing film of the festival.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19085024", "chunk_text": "\"New Orleans Film Festival\"\nscreenings over the course of the nine-day event. New Orleans Film Festival The New Orleans Film Festival is an annual film festival organized by the nonprofit organization New Orleans Film Society, a film society founded in 1989. The festival has been held since the society's inception. The festival takes place in mid-October. The festival, nicknamed \"\"Cannes on the Mississippi\"\", features national and international feature films and short films. The festival had one off-year when New Orleans suffered the effects of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Now in its 29th year, the New Orleans Film Festival, October 17-25, 2018, has grown into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19085019", "chunk_text": "\"New Orleans Film Festival\"\nNew Orleans Film Festival The New Orleans Film Festival is an annual film festival organized by the nonprofit organization New Orleans Film Society, a film society founded in 1989. The festival has been held since the society's inception. The festival takes place in mid-October. The festival, nicknamed \"\"Cannes on the Mississippi\"\", features national and international feature films and short films. The festival had one off-year when New Orleans suffered the effects of Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Now in its 29th year, the New Orleans Film Festival, October 17-25, 2018, has grown into an internationally respected annual event that attracts 20K", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7422292", "chunk_text": "\"Palme d'Or\"\nPalme d'Or The Palme d'Or (; ) is the highest prize awarded at the Cannes Film Festival. It was introduced in 1955 by the festival's organizing committee. Previously, from 1939 to 1954, the highest prize at the festival was the Grand Prix du Festival International du Film. In 1964, The Palme d'Or was replaced again by the Grand Prix, before being reintroduced in 1975. The Palme d'Or is widely considered to be one of the most prestigious awards in the film industry. In 1954, the festival decided to present an award annually, titled the Grand Prix of the International Film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13479795", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity\"\nCannes Lions International Festival of Creativity The Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity (formerly the International Advertising Festival) is a global event for those working in creative communications, advertising, and related fields. It is considered the largest gathering of the advertising and creative communications industry. The five-day festival, incorporating the awarding of the Lions awards, is held yearly at the Palais des Festivals et des Congrès in Cannes, France. Each June, around 11,000 registered delegates from 90 countries visit the Festival to celebrate the best of creativity in brand communication, discuss industry issues, and network with one another. The week's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2641637", "chunk_text": "\"Berlin International Film Festival\"\nand as transcripts, on the Talent Campus' website. Berlin International Film Festival The Berlin International Film Festival (), usually called the Berlinale, is a film festival held annually in Berlin, Germany. Founded in West Berlin in 1951, the festival has been held every February since 1978 and is one of the \"\"Big Three\"\" alongside the Venice Film Festival and Cannes Film Festival. With around 300,000 tickets sold and 500,000 admissions each year, it has the largest public attendance of any annual film festival. Up to 400 films are shown in several sections across cinematic genres. Around twenty films compete for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823070", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nscandals and high-profile personalities' love affairs. At the same time, the artistic aspect of the festival started developing. Because of controversies over the selection of films, the Critics' Prize was created for the recognition of original films and daring filmmakers. In 1954, the Special Jury Prize was awarded for the first time. In 1955, the Palme d'Or was created, replacing the \"\"Grand Prix du Festival\"\" which had been given until that year. In 1957, Dolores del Río was the first female member of the jury for the official selection. In 1959, the \"\"Marché du Film\"\" (Film Market) was founded, giving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19944634", "chunk_text": "\"1979 Cannes Film Festival\"\n1979 Cannes Film Festival The 32nd Cannes Film Festival was held from 10 to 24 May 1979. The Palme d'Or went to \"\"Apocalypse Now\"\" by Francis Ford Coppola, which was screened as a work in progress, and \"\"Die Blechtrommel (The Tin Drum)\"\" by Volker Schlöndorff. The festival opened with \"\"Hair\"\", directed by Miloš Forman and closed with \"\"À nous deux\"\", directed by Claude Lelouch. Françoise Sagan, the President of the Jury raised a controversy as she complained that Robert Favre Le Bret, the President of the Festival, had stepped out of his role and had put pressure on the jury", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "752745", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Corporate Media & TV Awards\"\nover the world get together during the Welcome Party, on the beach of the InterContinental Carlton. The day of the Awards Ceremony begins with the Media Center, where all submitted videos can be seen. The main evening starts with the Welcome Champagne leading the Award Gala Dinner. The two-day event ends with the Dolphin Lounge open bar. Cannes Corporate Media & TV Awards The Cannes Corporate Media & TV Awards is an international festival dedicated to corporate films, online media and TV productions, and takes place every October in Cannes, France. It is often referred to as one of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823078", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nappointed Honorary President in 2000, and in 2002, the Festival officially adopted the name \"\"Festival de Cannes\"\". During the 2000s, the Festival started focusing more on the technological advances taking place in the film world, especially the digital techniques. In 2004 the restored historical films of the Festival were presented as \"\"Cannes Classics\"\", which included documentaries. In 2007 Thierry Frémaux became General Delegate. In 2009 he extended the Festival in Buenos Aires, as \"\"La Semana de Cine del Festival de Cannes\"\", and in 2010 he created the \"\"Cannes Court Métrage\"\" for the Short Film competition. Festival Director Thierry Fremaux is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823076", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nhost the festival, while the Directors' Fortnight remained in the old building. The new building was nicknamed \"\"The Bunker\"\", provoking a lot of criticism, especially since it was hardly finished at the event and several technical problems occurred. In 1984 Pierre Viot replaced Robert Favre Le Bret as President of the Festival. In his term, the Festival started including films from more countries, like Philippines, China, Cuba, Australia, India, New Zealand and Argentina. In 1987, for the first time of the Festival, a red carpet was placed at the entrance of the Palais. In 1989, during the first Cinéma &", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "262089", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Cannes Film Festival\"\nsection: The following films were selected for the International Critics' Week section: The following films were selected to be screened in the Directors' Fortnight section: A ban on Netflix films in competition, which came about after the streaming giant refused to show them in French cinemas, has meant the issues of streaming and distribution have also been hot topics. The issue prompted Juror Ava DuVernay, who made \"\"13th\"\" for Netflix, to make a plea for \"\"flexibility of thought\"\". In March and April 2018, weeks before general delegate Thierry Frémaux was set to unveil the official selection, reports suggested streaming service", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7387222", "chunk_text": "\"2016 Cannes Film Festival\"\nseeking to provide support from filmmakers to other filmmakers. The full ACID selection was announced on 19 April 2016, at the section's website. In Competition Un Certain Regard Cinéfondation Golden Camera Short Films FIPRESCI Prizes Vulcan Award of the Technical Artist Ecumenical Jury Awards in the frame of International Critics' Week Awards in the frame of Directors' Fortnight L'Œil d'or Jury Queer Palm Jury Palm Dog Jury Prix François Chalais Cannes Soundtrack Award 2016 Cannes Film Festival The 69th Cannes Film Festival was held from 11 to 22 May 2016. Australian director George Miller was the President of the Jury", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823075", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nand another for foreign films. In 1978, Gilles Jacob assumed the position of General Delegate, introducing the Caméra d'Or award, for the best first film of any of the main events, and the Un Certain Regard section, for the non-competitive categories. Other changes were the decrease of length of the festival down to thirteen days, thus reducing the number of selected films; also, until that point the Jury was composed by Film Academics, and Jacob started to introduce celebrities and professionals from the film industry. In 1983, a new, much bigger Palais des Festivals et des Congrès was built to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20156027", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Corporate Media & TV Awards\"\nthe winners were awarded Silver, Gold, Black or White Dolphin. The outstanding artworks were rewarded with the Silver and Gold Dolphins. The Production Art & Craft category winners received Black Dolphins. The Grand Prix – given to the best video of the festival – is a White Dolphin. The Grand Prix will be awarded to the films selected among the Gold Winners. From 2015, the festival has a new trophy for the best production company, the Blue Dolphin. The Awards Gala takes place in Cannes, France every year in October. The evening before the Awards Ceremony, the winners from all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2641625", "chunk_text": "\"Berlin International Film Festival\"\nBerlin International Film Festival The Berlin International Film Festival (), usually called the Berlinale, is a film festival held annually in Berlin, Germany. Founded in West Berlin in 1951, the festival has been held every February since 1978 and is one of the \"\"Big Three\"\" alongside the Venice Film Festival and Cannes Film Festival. With around 300,000 tickets sold and 500,000 admissions each year, it has the largest public attendance of any annual film festival. Up to 400 films are shown in several sections across cinematic genres. Around twenty films compete for the festival's top awards, called the Golden Bear", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18974322", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\ntheir artistic quality\"\" (page 20). Forbes and Street also point out that, along with other festivals such as the Venice Film Festival and Berlin International Film Festival, Cannes offers an opportunity to determine a particular country's image of its cinema and generally foster the notion that European cinema is \"\"art\"\" cinema. Additionally, given massive media exposure, the non-public festival is attended by many movie stars and is a popular venue for film producers to launch their new films and to attempt to sell their works to the distributors who come from all over the globe. Though most of the media", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18974313", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nthe large room of the \"\"Palais\"\" and interrupted the projections in solidarity with students and labour on strike throughout France, and in protest to the eviction of the then President of the Cinémathèque Française. The filmmakers achieved the reinstatement of the President, and they founded the Film Directors' Society (SRF) that same year. In 1969 the SRF, led by Pierre-Henri Deleau created the Directors' Fortnight (\"\"Quinzaine des Réalisateurs\"\"), a new non-competitive section that programs a selection of films from around the world, distinguished by the independent judgment displayed in the choice of films. During the 1970s, important changes occurred in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11073252", "chunk_text": "\"Film festival\"\noften screen the African premieres of many international films. The Sahara International Film Festival, held annually in the Sahrawi refugee camps in western Algeria near the border of Western Sahara, is notable as the only film festival in the world to take place in a refugee camp. The festival has the two-fold aim of providing cultural entertainment and educational opportunities to refugees, and of raising awareness of the plight of the Sahrawi people, who have been exiled from their native Western Sahara for more than three decades. The biggest European festival is the Cannes Film Festival in France along with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13479805", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity\"\nlead-up to the Festival, with winners of these going into the final round of the competitions at Cannes Lions. A design competition was launched in 2012. In June 2012, Cannes Lions announced that it plans to launch a new two-day event for creative communications in healthcare, wellness, and sustainability. Taking place in the Palais des Festivals in Cannes, France, just before Cannes Lions kicks off on 15 June 2014, the event will offer two days of content that will explore and debate the essential and unique issues relating to the world of healthcare communications. The move was welcomed by some", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3445695", "chunk_text": "\"2011 Cannes Film Festival\"\n2011 Cannes Film Festival The 64th Cannes Film Festival was held from 11 to 22 May 2011. American actor Robert De Niro served as the president of the jury for the main competition and French filmmaker Michel Gondry headed the jury for the short film competition. South Korean film director Bong Joon-ho was the head of the jury for the Caméra d'Or prize, which is awarded to the best first-time filmmaker. The American film \"\"The Tree of Life\"\", directed by Terrence Malick won the Palme d'Or. \"\"Midnight in Paris\"\", written and directed by Woody Allen, opened the festival and \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12703919", "chunk_text": "\"1946 Cannes Film Festival\"\n1946 Cannes Film Festival The 1st annual Cannes Film Festival was held from 20 September to 5 October 1946. Twenty-one countries presented their films at the \"\"First Cannes International Film Festival\"\", which took place at the former Casino of Cannes. Only one year after the end of World War II, most of the films were about the war. There arose several technical issues, such as the tarpauline cover blowing away in a storm on the day before the winners were to be announced, the reels of Hitchcock’s \"\"Notorious\"\" shown in reverse order, and George Sydney’s \"\"The Three Musketeers\"\" projected upside-down.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13479796", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity\"\nactivities include multiple award ceremonies as well as an opening and closing gala. Inspired by the Cannes Film Festival, staged in Cannes since the late 1940s, a group of cinema screen advertising contractors belonging to the Screen Advertising World Association (Sawa) felt the makers of advertising films should be similarly recognised. They established the International Advertising Film Festival, the first of which took place in Venice, Italy, in September 1954, with 187 film entries from 14 countries. The lion of the Piazza San Marco in Venice was the inspiration for the Lion trophy. The second festival was held in Monte", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1770487", "chunk_text": "\"2015 Cannes Film Festival\"\nIn Competition Un Certain Regard Golden Camera Cinéfondation Short Films FIPRESCI Prizes Vulcan Award of the Technical Artist Ecumenical Jury Awards in the frame of International Critics' Week Awards in the frame of Directors' Fortnight L'Œil d'or Jury Queer Palm Jury Palm Dog Jury Prix François Chalais Cannes Soundtrack Award 2015 Cannes Film Festival The 68th Cannes Film Festival was held from 13 to 24 May 2015. Joel and Ethan Coen were the Presidents of the Jury for the main competition. It was the first time that two people chaired the jury. Since the Coen brothers each received a separate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18974312", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nborn, created by the French Union of Film Critics as the first parallel section of the Cannes Film Festival. Its goal was to showcase first and second works by directors from all over the world, not succumbing to commercial tendencies. In 1965 Olivia de Havilland was named the first female president of the jury, while the next year Sofia Loren became president. The 1968 festival was halted on 19 May. Some directors, such as Carlos Saura and Miloš Forman, had withdrawn their films from the competition. On 18 May filmmaker Louis Malle along with a group of directors took over", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4553639", "chunk_text": "\"Año bisiesto\"\nAs days go by, Laura crosses out the days on a calendar, revealing her secret past to her lover. It takes place in February on a leap year. The film premiered in France, at the Cannes Film Festival Directors' Fortnight the 17th of May, 2010, and a month later on a public release. Next place to see the film was Rowe's home country, Australia, at the Melbourne International Film Festival and many other Film Festivals followed (\"\"Toronto\"\", \"\"Athens\"\", \"\"Rio de Janeiro\"\", \"\"Sao Paulo\"\", \"\"Mar del Plata\"\" in Argentine, \"\"Hong Kong\"\" and the \"\"Latin Beat Film Festival\"\" in Japan, among others).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20977490", "chunk_text": "Cannes\nto February) the weather is mild. Both seasons see a relatively low rainfall and most rain occurs during October and November, when falls. Cannes summers are long and warm, with summer daytime temperatures regularly hitting , while average temperatures are about . Temperatures remain high from June to September, the busiest time of the year. Mean temperatures drop below for only three months of the year (December to February). The spring and autumn are also warm, although more suited to those who prefer slightly cooler weather. The area around Cannes has developed into a high-tech cluster. The technopolis of Sophia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823074", "chunk_text": "\"Cannes Film Festival\"\nthe Festival. In 1972, Robert Favre Le Bret was named the new President, and Maurice Bessy the General Delegate. He introduced important changes in the selection of the participating films, welcoming new techniques, and relieving the selection from diplomatic pressures, with films like MASH, and later Chronicle of the Years of Fire marking this turn. In some cases, these changes helped directors like Tarkovski overcome problems of censorship in their own country. Also, until that time, the different countries chose the films that would represent them in the festival. Yet, in 1972, Bessy created a committee to select French films,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_239	panic at the disco song about a wedding?	n/a	[ "I Write Sins Not Tragedies" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15147663", "chunk_text": "\"The Wedding (band)\"\nThe Wedding (band) The Wedding (formerly known as Easier Said) were an American Christian band from Fayetteville, Arkansas. Musically, The Wedding fuses elements of Christian punk, Christian rock, Alternative Contemporary Christian, pop punk, ska, piano rock, and post-hardcore with their pop rock base. The band was signed to independent Brave New World Records, but the label was closed in 2009; leaving the band with no label. The band has toured with the likes of Thousand Foot Krutch, Love and Death, Bachman–Turner Overdrive, Bleach, John Reuben, The Goodnight Fight, Last Tuesday, Number One Gun, Anberlin, Spoken, Disciple, The O.C. Supertones, Superchic[k],", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15252781", "chunk_text": "\"Crashed the Wedding\"\nCrashed the Wedding \"\"Crashed the Wedding\"\" is a song by English pop rock band Busted. It was written by James Bourne and McFly's Tom Fletcher and produced by Steve Power. It was released on 10 November 2003 through Island Records as the lead single from Busted's second studio album \"\"A Present for Everyone\"\" (2003) \"\"Crashed the Wedding\"\" became Busted's second single to reach number one on the UK Singles Chart, with first week sales of 55,000. The song is loosely based on the wedding scene in the 1967 film The Graduate and the line \"\"I'm so rushed off my feet,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11413495", "chunk_text": "\"Crashed the Wedding\"\ncassette Crashed the Wedding \"\"Crashed the Wedding\"\" is a song by English pop rock band Busted. It was written by James Bourne and McFly's Tom Fletcher and produced by Steve Power. It was released on 10 November 2003 through Island Records as the lead single from Busted's second studio album \"\"A Present for Everyone\"\" (2003) \"\"Crashed the Wedding\"\" became Busted's second single to reach number one on the UK Singles Chart, with first week sales of 55,000. The song is loosely based on the wedding scene in the 1967 film The Graduate and the line \"\"I'm so rushed off my", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12611100", "chunk_text": "\"The Wedding (band)\"\nCody, Matt, Adam, Trevor, Matt. Collectively: The Wedding\"\" The Wedding (band) The Wedding (formerly known as Easier Said) were an American Christian band from Fayetteville, Arkansas. Musically, The Wedding fuses elements of Christian punk, Christian rock, Alternative Contemporary Christian, pop punk, ska, piano rock, and post-hardcore with their pop rock base. The band was signed to independent Brave New World Records, but the label was closed in 2009; leaving the band with no label. The band has toured with the likes of Thousand Foot Krutch, Love and Death, Bachman–Turner Overdrive, Bleach, John Reuben, The Goodnight Fight, Last Tuesday, Number One", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8983179", "chunk_text": "\"Wedding Day (Courtney Love song)\"\nWedding Day (Courtney Love song) \"\"Wedding Day\"\" is a song by the American alternative rock musician Courtney Love. It is the first single from her upcoming second studio album \"\"Died Blonde\"\", and was released on May 4, 2014, packaged as a double A-side single with the song \"\"You Know My Name\"\". Originally intended for release as a single backed with the song \"\"California\"\", \"\"Wedding Day\"\"s lyrics explore the end of a relationship. It was written by Love and guitarist Micko Larkin and recorded alongside \"\"You Know My Name\"\" at Atrium Studios in Calabasas, California in early 2014 with producer Michael", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5660965", "chunk_text": "\"I Write Sins Not Tragedies\"\nflaw that will be their undoing. What I write are not sins; I write tragedies.\"\" \"\"I Write Sins Not Tragedies\"\" is Panic! at the Disco's first single to have a music video. (\"\"The Only Difference Between Martyrdom and Suicide Is Press Coverage\"\" was the first single, but no video was filmed.) The video for the song takes place at a strange, circus-themed wedding played by the Lucent Dossier Vaudeville Cirque. The video starts as the bride, played by Jessie Preston, and groom, Daniel Isaac McGuffey, are about to be married. Her family dress and behave formally, but are revealed later", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14539601", "chunk_text": "\"Wedding Day (Courtney Love song)\"\nswitch between a sneer and a raw scream\"\". Chris Martins of \"\"Spin\"\" referred to \"\"Wedding Day\"\" as \"\"a curdled bowl of snarled vocals, grinding guitar, and pounding rhythm\"\" in which Love \"\"sounds plenty authoritative\"\". Wedding Day (Courtney Love song) \"\"Wedding Day\"\" is a song by the American alternative rock musician Courtney Love. It is the first single from her upcoming second studio album \"\"Died Blonde\"\", and was released on May 4, 2014, packaged as a double A-side single with the song \"\"You Know My Name\"\". Originally intended for release as a single backed with the song \"\"California\"\", \"\"Wedding Day\"\"s lyrics", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18376078", "chunk_text": "\"Breakup at a Wedding\"\nBreakup at a Wedding Breakup at a Wedding is the first film from comedy collective PERIODS. Directed by Victor Quinaz and written by Anna Martemucci, Victor Quinaz, and Philip Quinaz, the movie was produced by Before the Door Pictures (\"\"All Is Lost\"\", \"\"Margin Call\"\") and Anonymous Content (\"\"Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind\"\"). It was released on June 21, 2013, through Oscilloscope Laboratories. The night before they are to be married, Phil’s (Philip Quinaz) fiancée Alison (Alison Fyhrie) gets cold feet and decides to call off their wedding. But, after breaking his heart, she manages to convince him to go", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1357425", "chunk_text": "\"White Wedding (song)\"\n(Frenetic) under Digital Dog's Jack Rokka guise. It has appeared on numerous dance compilations such as \"\"Wild Bassline\"\" (CD2 Mixed by Brooklyn Bounce) and \"\"Clubland 12\"\". The song is included in the video games \"\"Rock Band 2\"\", \"\"Rock Band Unplugged\"\", \"\"Guitar Hero Van Halen\"\", \"\"\"\" and as DLC in \"\"Rocksmith\"\". The song was also used in an advertisement for British soap opera \"\"Hollyoaks\"\", promoting the week of a wedding storyline. It also featured in an episode of the 2004 BBC miniseries \"\"Blackpool\"\" as part of the story. The track also appeared on an advert for \"\"Coronation Street\"\" in 2003, promoting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8312721", "chunk_text": "\"Getting Married Today (song)\"\nGetting Married Today (song) \"\"Getting Married Today\"\" is a patter song from the musical \"\"Company\"\" (1970) with music and lyrics by Stephen Sondheim. It is sung by the manic Amy, as the thought of marriage sends her into a panic on the day of her wedding. It is often misreferred to as \"\"Not Getting Married Today\"\". \"\"Getting Married Today\"\" was conceived as \"\"Sondheim’s psychotic notion of a patter song\"\" to simulate the sensation of having a mental breakdown through verbal diarrhea and constantly changing the subject mid-sentence. Stephen Sondheim gave a masterclass of some of his songs, including this one,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11693511", "chunk_text": "\"Panic! at the Disco discography\"\npeaked at number 7 in the US. Their fourth album, 2013's \"\"Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die!\"\", entered the US chart at, and peaked at, number 2, and contained the gold certified lead single \"\"Miss Jackson\"\". The band's fifth studio album, \"\"Death of a Bachelor\"\", was released in January 2016 and became their first number-one album in the US. Their sixth and most recent album, \"\"Pray for the Wicked\"\", was released on June 22, 2018. Panic! at the Disco discography Panic! at the Disco is an American rock band that originated in Las Vegas, Nevada. Their 2005 debut", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12134216", "chunk_text": "\"Dead Artist Syndrome\"\n\"\"Bride Song\"\". Unlike the gloomy approach of \"\"Red\"\", \"\"Bride Song\"\" addresses the issue with dark humor and likens the church to a snotty, backstabbing woman. The so-called happy portion of the album's title is apparent on the songs \"\"Radiation\"\" and \"\"Glory\"\", both of which feature worship-filled lyrics, as radiation is a metaphor for the Holy Spirit. Also, Healy experiments with \"\"surf punk\"\" sounds on \"\"U.S.A\"\", which features a \"\"ba ba ba\"\" chorus similar to Ramones' classic \"\"I Want to Be Sedated\"\". The aforementioned \"\"Bride Song\"\" also features an old school punk rock approach, while the title track is a dreamy,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4198349", "chunk_text": "\"Weddings Parties Anything\"\nWeddings Parties Anything Weddings Parties Anything were an Australian folk rock band formed in 1984 in Melbourne and continuing until 1999. Their name came from The Clash song (\"\"Revolution Rock\"\") and musicologist Billy Pinnell described their first album as the best Australian rock debut since Skyhooks' \"\"Living in the '70s\"\". The band was led by Mick Thomas, the only continual member throughout the group's history. The single \"\"Father's Day\"\" was nominated for Single of the Year as well as winning Song of the Year at the 1993 ARIA awards. They were renowned for their energetic live performances and in particular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14156631", "chunk_text": "\"Lost in This Moment\"\nthe bride walks down the aisle, where the groom and the preacher await. In the second verse, the couple exchange their vows, and the preacher pronounces the couple man and wife. Keith Anderson, who co-wrote the song with Big & Rich's John Rich, also recorded the song. It is included on his second album, \"\"C'mon!\"\", released on Columbia Records in August 2008. The video features Big & Rich, in tuxedos, singing the song, backed by their road band. On a projection screen behind them, various clips from various time periods of couples at their weddings are shown. The music video", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19637664", "chunk_text": "\"The Wedding (The Wedding album)\"\nThe Wedding (The Wedding album) The Wedding is the first self-titled release from American punk rock band, The Wedding. It was released February 15, 2005 on Rambler Records, and is the only album put out by the band to have four members. Two singles have been released from this album, \"\"Move this City\"\" and \"\"Song for the Broken\"\". No music videos have been released for this cd, single or otherwise. The album received mostly positive reviews and the band soon released a follow up EP, \"\"Rumble in the South\"\", with bonus songs and later a second album, \"\"Polarity\"\". This album", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17305137", "chunk_text": "\"Down the Aisle (The Wedding Song)\"\nfind a follow-up hit though songs such as \"\"Go On\"\" and \"\"Cool Water\"\" were signs to come for the group's emerging success. Finally, Newtown released this song, which is dedicated to wedding day, after the release of \"\"Cool Water\"\" didn't do well chart-wise. The song was among one of the first Bluebelles songs to be given massive play on both AM pop and rhythm and blues radio stations. The song later became a favorite for \"\"blue night basement parties\"\" and slow dances. The song eventually reached number thirty-seven on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and number-fourteen on the Hot R&B Singles", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12432927", "chunk_text": "\"Death of a Bachelor\"\nDeath of a Bachelor Death of a Bachelor is the fifth studio album by American rock band Panic! at the Disco, released January 15, 2016 on Fueled by Ramen and DCD2. It is the follow-up to the band's fourth studio album, \"\"Too Weird to Live, Too Rare to Die!\"\" (2013), with the entire album written and recorded by vocalist/multi-instrumentalist Brendon Urie, among external writers. It is the band's first album to not feature drummer Spencer Smith and also follows bassist Dallon Weekes' departure from the official line-up, subsequently becoming a touring member once again. \"\"Death of a Bachelor\"\" debuted at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20610701", "chunk_text": "\"Suzanne Is Getting Married\"\nSuzanne Is Getting Married \"\"Suzanne Is Getting Married\"\" is the eighth E.P. from punk rock band Screeching Weasel. It was released in 1994 through Lookout! Records. The title track was written and released to commemorate the wedding of Maximumrocknroll's Suzanne Bartchy and AK Press's Ramsey Kanaan. Both songs on the E.P. were recorded during the sessions for the band's sixth studio album, \"\"How to Make Enemies and Irritate People\"\". Mike Dirnt from Green Day performed on the album and played bass on \"\"Suzanne Is Getting Married\"\". Due to a scheduled performance on the \"\"Late Show with David Letterman\"\", he was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10953161", "chunk_text": "\"American Wedding\"\nagreeing they are over each other, Stifler's mom mentions having a double suite and invites Finch to join her. The film ends with the MILF guys spying on Stifler's mom and Finch in her suite's couple-size bathtub, having oral sex. The film's soundtrack includes songs by Van Morrison, Blue October, The Working Title, Foo Fighters, Feeder, Avril Lavigne, American Hi-Fi, Sum 41, the All-American Rejects, Joseph Arthur, New Found Glory, and Hot Action Cop. Badly Drawn Boy and The Libertines also have songs in the feature. Note that most songs used were already singles. And, this is the first film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1357426", "chunk_text": "\"White Wedding (song)\"\nthe climax of a bigamous storyline involving the character Peter Barlow. Barlow, portrayed by Chris Gascoyne, was seated at a table, reflectively spinning his two wedding rings around. On \"\"The Colbert Report\"\", a couple who had been prevented from wedding at the Jefferson Memorial, by the 2013 government shutdown, were married. The couple's first dance was to Audra McDonald singing the song. A version sung in Greek by George Kostoglou appeared in \"\"My Big Fat Greek Wedding 2\"\". The American metal band In This Moment was set to collaborate with Idol on the track \"\"Black Wedding\"\" off their sixth album", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9099926", "chunk_text": "\"Death of a Bachelor (song)\"\nDeath of a Bachelor (song) \"\"Death of a Bachelor\"\" is a song by American rock band Panic! at the Disco from the band's fifth studio album, \"\"Death of a Bachelor\"\". The song premiered during an Apple Music broadcast hosted by Pete Wentz on September 1, 2015. A music video for the song was uploaded to Fueled by Ramen's YouTube channel on December 24, 2015. It was later sent to alternative, hot adult contemporary and pop radio as the album's fourth and final single. Vocalist Brendon Urie stated, \"\"Frank Sinatra turns 100 this year. I attach his music to so many", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3928191", "chunk_text": "\"Go On with the Wedding\"\nGo On with the Wedding \"\"Go On with the Wedding\"\" is a popular song written by Arthur Korb, Charles Purvis, and Milton Yakus and published in 1954. Its lyrics are reminiscent of another post-Korean War song, \"\"Returned from Missing in Action.\"\" The recording by Patti Page was released by Mercury Records as catalog number 70766 in 1955. It first reached the Billboard magazine charts on January 7, 1956. On the Disk Jockey chart, it peaked at #16; on the Best Seller chart, at #17; on the Juke Box chart, at #12; on the composite chart of the top 100 songs,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16835071", "chunk_text": "\"White Wedding (song)\"\n\"\"Ritual\"\"; the song's chorus contains the line, \"\"it's a nice night for a black wedding,\"\" an obvious homage to Idol's 1982 hit \"\"White Wedding.\"\" Due to claimed scheduling difficulties, Rob Halford of Judas Priest was featured on the track instead. Notes: White Wedding (song) \"\"White Wedding\"\" is a song by Billy Idol that appeared on his album \"\"Billy Idol\"\" in 1982. It is often considered one of his most recognizable songs, although other Idol songs charted higher. In the US, it peaked at No. 110 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Bubbling Under the Hot 100 chart on 27 November 1982, then reached", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18284377", "chunk_text": "\"Burt Hummel\"\nfinally wakes, and takes charge of his father's recovery once Burt is back home. The eighth episode, entitled \"\"Furt\"\", opens with Burt and Carole telling their sons that they are engaged. Kurt insists that New Directions perform at the wedding and reception. At the wedding, New Directions perform \"\"Marry You\"\" by Bruno Mars as they, and then Burt and Carole, dance down the aisle. The couple marry, but use their honeymoon savings to transfer Kurt to Dalton Academy when a homophobic bully who has threatened Kurt's life is allowed to resume attending McKinley High. The Hummel and Hudson households combine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10811599", "chunk_text": "\"Let's Get Married (song)\"\nLet's Get Married (song) \"\"Let's Get Married\"\" is a song performed by American contemporary R&B group Jagged Edge, from their album \"\"J.E. Heartbreak\"\". It spent three weeks at the top of the US R&B chart in 2000 and reached #11 on the US pop chart. The song is a slow, love ballad about a man's desire to get married to his love interest. The remix features DJ Run of Run-D.M.C. and samples the group's debut single \"\"It's Like That\"\". The official video for the remix was directed by Bryan Barber. The group performed the single at the kayfabe wedding of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7147661", "chunk_text": "\"The Art of Losing (song)\"\nstar dudes. I don't like there to be a line drawn between the band and the fans\"\" said Jones. The Art of Losing (song) \"\"The Art of Losing\"\" is the first single from American Hi-Fi's second album \"\"The Art of Losing\"\". It has appeared in the movies \"\"Freaky Friday\"\" and \"\"American Wedding\"\" and in one episode of \"\"Malcolm in the Middle\"\". It was also used in trailers for the films \"\"The Perfect Score\"\", \"\"Fever Pitch\"\", \"\"Hot Rod\"\", \"\"Mr. Woodcock\"\", and \"\"Speed Racer\"\". It was also featured in a Shane Dawson YouTube video entitled, \"\"Crazy Girlfriend From Hell.\"\" US single Japan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3511765", "chunk_text": "\"Our Daughter's Wedding\"\non the road for one year touring the country with The Psychedelic Furs. In 1984, after that tour, the band dissolved, only to resurface in 2012 with a new record label (Dreamfield Records) and a new release, \"\"Life's A Party.\"\" Our Daughter's Wedding Our Daughter's Wedding was an American synthpop trio from New York, consisting of Layne Rico on Synare synthesizer, Keith Silva on vocals and keyboards, and Scott Simon on bass-synth and saxophone. The group took their name from a section in a greeting card display. Equipment used in live shows as a trio: Roland Corporation RS-09, MicroMoog, Prophet-5,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17305136", "chunk_text": "\"Down the Aisle (The Wedding Song)\"\nDown the Aisle (The Wedding Song) \"\"Down the Aisle (The Wedding Song)\"\" is a doo-wop ballad recorded and released by girl group Patti LaBelle and the Bluebelles in 1963. The song became a hit success for the Philadelphia-based vocal group following the controversial release of their \"\"debut hit\"\", 1962's \"\"I Sold My Heart to the Junkman\"\". By 1963, the controversy over the hit song, \"\"I Sold My Heart to the Junkman\"\", which was credited to the Bluebelles singing group but was rumored to be recorded by another group, had died down. Despite getting credit for \"\"Junkman\"\", the group failed to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6558955", "chunk_text": "\"White Wedding (song)\"\nThe song was featured in the 1998 film \"\"The Wedding Singer\"\" (in which Idol appears), on the American TV series \"\"My Name Is Earl\"\" and on the British TV series \"\"Blackpool\"\". It was also featured in the 1993 film \"\"True Romance\"\" during the scene where Alabama is being tattooed. It was also featured in the skate videos \"\"CKY\"\" and Toy Machine's Jump Off A Building. The line, \"\"It's a nice day to start again\"\", was featured on the sticker on the front of Idol's 2005 album, \"\"Devil's Playground\"\". The song was remixed as (Trashcan Jack vs Billy Idol) \"\"Club Wedding\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2440357", "chunk_text": "\"Death of a Bachelor (song)\"\nlike Beyoncé's \"\"Drunk in Love\"\"\"\". A music video for the track was released on December 24, 2015. As of July 6, 2018, the music video has surpassed 105 million views. Brendon Urie performed the song on The Ellen DeGeneres Show February 9, 2017 while the song neared the top 40 of the pop charts. Death of a Bachelor (song) \"\"Death of a Bachelor\"\" is a song by American rock band Panic! at the Disco from the band's fifth studio album, \"\"Death of a Bachelor\"\". The song premiered during an Apple Music broadcast hosted by Pete Wentz on September 1, 2015.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4638967", "chunk_text": "\"Emperor's New Clothes (song)\"\nNovember 2018, making it the most watched video of \"\"Death of a Bachelor\"\". Emperor's New Clothes (song) \"\"Emperor's New Clothes\"\" is a song by American rock band Panic! at the Disco released as the third single from the band's fifth studio album, \"\"Death of a Bachelor\"\", on October 21, 2015 through Fueled by Ramen and DCD2. The song was written by Brendon Urie, Jake Sinclair, Lauren Pritchard, Sam Hollander and Dan Wilson. It was produced by Jake Sinclair. The music video for the song was uploaded to YouTube the day of its release, and serves as a sequel to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8312722", "chunk_text": "\"Getting Married Today (song)\"\nat London's Guildhall School. The song features operatic interludes described by \"\"Edge Boston\"\" as \"\"soprano intermezzos\"\", sung by a priest who comically comments on the bride's breakdown and extols the glory of marriage. In her meltdown, Amy discusses the very nature of a wedding, and how it is not relevant to a modern society: <poem> Wedding, what's a wedding? It's a prehistoric ritual where Everybody promises fidelity forever, which is Maybe the most horrifying word I ever heard, and which is Followed by a honeymoon, where suddenly he'll realize he's Saddled with a nut and wanna kill me and he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2350931", "chunk_text": "\"My Best Friend's Wedding\"\ngets nervous and quickly tells him that she is engaged to George to get him jealous. Speechless, Michael is shocked about seeing Julianne with someone other than him. Since Julianne didn’t tell the truth, George tries to get back at her by embarrassing her. On the taxi ride to the church, he snuggles up to Julianne to make her uncomfortable in front of Michael. At dinner he also decides to embarrass Julianne by telling everyone an exaggerated story of how they hypothetically became a couple, and sings “I Say a Little Prayer” as the whole restaurant joins in. After George", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19637665", "chunk_text": "\"The Wedding (The Wedding album)\"\nincludes guest vocals from Matt Thiessen of Relient K in the song \"\"But A Breath\"\". The Wedding's debut release is lighter than other albums; this is because of the band only having four members at the time of this release. The music relies on Kevin Kiehn's high vocals and piano and pushes the bass into the background. The band's then current drummer, Clint Robinson, plays lightly with more simple beats rather than \"\"Polarity\"\" which features fast drumming. The Wedding (The Wedding album) The Wedding is the first self-titled release from American punk rock band, The Wedding. It was released February", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17869205", "chunk_text": "\"The Wedding Present\"\nthe band and their engineer, Steve Lyon. Upon its release, the album was critically acclaimed and the band were soon classified, with some of their peers, as members of the 'shambling' or C86 scene, a categorisation that they vehemently declined (although they were featured on the original C86 compilation). Musically, the album featured fast-paced rhythm guitar; lyrically, apart from a few excursions into social critique (\"\"All This and More\"\") and politics (\"\"All About Eve\"\"), Gedge's main concerns (which would become his trademark) were love, lust, heartbreak and revenge. Soon after the release of \"\"George Best\"\", the early singles and radio", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10953162", "chunk_text": "\"American Wedding\"\nto feature the song \"\"Laid\"\" (Matt Nathanson covering the band James) in both the trailers and the opening sequence. Notably, it is also the only film in the series to not play the song \"\"Mrs. Robinson\"\" in a scene where Finch has sex with Stifler's mother. It is also the first of the \"\"American Pie\"\" films not to feature a blink-182 song. The song \"\"Into the Mystic\"\", played at the end of the film when Jim and Michelle take to the dance floor at the reception, begins as Van Morrison's recording, but midway through it changes to The Wallflowers' cover", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11690831", "chunk_text": "\"Punk Wedding\"\ncaught the attention of the media by announcing her marriage to an 18-year-old South African punk named Iroquois, whom she met in Rome in 1985. The song \"\"Punk Wedding\"\" was written for the wedding and Hagen described the event as a marriage between the punk and new age movements. The wedding was scheduled on August 9, 1987. When asked about having any apprehensions about marrying someone barely half her age, Hagen replied: In 1995, when Hagen got married to Gordon Polk, the lead singer of the punk rock band FiFi, she claimed it was her first wedding and the previous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9754579", "chunk_text": "\"Panic! at the Disco\"\nPanic! at the Disco Panic! at the Disco is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, formed in 2004 by childhood friends Brendon Urie, Ryan Ross, Spencer Smith and Brent Wilson. Since 2015, vocalist Urie has been the only official member of the band, with drummer Dan Pawlovich, bassist Nicole Row, and guitarist Mike Naran accompanying him on tour. Panic! at the Disco recorded its first demos while its members were in high school. Shortly after, the band recorded and released its debut studio album, \"\"A Fever You Can't Sweat Out\"\" (2005). Popularized by the second single, \"\"I Write", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14284814", "chunk_text": "\"Our Daughter's Wedding\"\nOur Daughter's Wedding Our Daughter's Wedding was an American synthpop trio from New York, consisting of Layne Rico on Synare synthesizer, Keith Silva on vocals and keyboards, and Scott Simon on bass-synth and saxophone. The group took their name from a section in a greeting card display. Equipment used in live shows as a trio: Roland Corporation RS-09, MicroMoog, Prophet-5, Sequential Circuits Pro-1, Synare 2 percussion synthesizer, Electro-Harmonix DRM-32 drum machine. In 1981, they released the internationally successful \"\"Lawnchairs\"\". It peaked at #49 in the UK Singles Chart in August 1981. They toured with other bands of the day including", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11693510", "chunk_text": "\"Panic! at the Disco discography\"\nPanic! at the Disco discography Panic! at the Disco is an American rock band that originated in Las Vegas, Nevada. Their 2005 debut album, \"\"A Fever You Can't Sweat Out\"\", reached number 13 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" 200, and has sold more than 2.2 million copies since its September 2005 release, spearheaded by the quadruple platinum top 10 hit single, \"\"I Write Sins Not Tragedies\"\". The band's second album, \"\"Pretty. Odd.\"\", was released on March 21, 2008, entering the US chart at, and peaking at, number 2. Their third effort, \"\"Vices & Virtues\"\", was released on March 18, 2011, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2535076", "chunk_text": "\"The Wedding Singer (musical)\"\nwedding gig (\"\"Casualty of Love\"\"), and he is soon thrown into the dumpster by the groom and an angry crowd of wedding guests. With some convincing from his friend Julia, Robbie does \"\"Come Out of the Dumpster\"\", but changes his singing gigs strictly to bar mitzvahs (\"\"Today You Are a Man\"\"). After the Shapiro bar mitzvah (\"\"George’s Prayer\"\"), Julia convinces Robbie to help her register for her wedding, as her fiancé Glen is, as usual, busy with business-related affairs (\"\"Not That Kind of Thing\"\"). While at the mall, Robbie and Julia meet up with Julia's cousin and best friend Holly,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8854886", "chunk_text": "\"Death of a Bachelor\"\ntracks sales, the album has totaled 845,000 units in the United States in 2016. The album was also certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for combined sales and album-equivalent units of over a million units in the United States. Songwriting credits per booklet. Notes Adapted from the album booklet. Panic! at the Disco Additional musicians and production Death of a Bachelor Death of a Bachelor is the fifth studio album by American rock band Panic! at the Disco, released January 15, 2016 on Fueled by Ramen and DCD2. It is the follow-up to the band's fourth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15147664", "chunk_text": "\"The Wedding (band)\"\nThe Fold, House of Heroes and Falling Up. Their debut album, \"\"The Wedding\"\" was produced by Mark Lee Townsend and featured several of their songs which became Christian radio hits, including \"\"Move This City\"\" and \"\"Song for the Broken\"\". Their sophomore effort \"\"Polarity\"\" peaked at No. 41 on the United States Billboard Christian Albums chart and No. 26 on the Heatseekers chart. After former singer Kevin Kiehn got married, he departed the band. Landon Ginnings filled in for him on vocals until their current singer, Matt Shelton, formerly of Letter Kills, joined. On August 27, 2015 The Wedding posted on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11001069", "chunk_text": "\"The Art of Losing (song)\"\nThe Art of Losing (song) \"\"The Art of Losing\"\" is the first single from American Hi-Fi's second album \"\"The Art of Losing\"\". It has appeared in the movies \"\"Freaky Friday\"\" and \"\"American Wedding\"\" and in one episode of \"\"Malcolm in the Middle\"\". It was also used in trailers for the films \"\"The Perfect Score\"\", \"\"Fever Pitch\"\", \"\"Hot Rod\"\", \"\"Mr. Woodcock\"\", and \"\"Speed Racer\"\". It was also featured in a Shane Dawson YouTube video entitled, \"\"Crazy Girlfriend From Hell.\"\" US single Japan single \"\"The song is about being the underdog, but learning to do things your way...People say, ‘Hey, you could", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7108011", "chunk_text": "\"JK Wedding Entrance Dance\"\nThe video begins with ushers closing the church doors with everything appearing normal, getting ready for the start of a wedding. \"\"Forever\"\" by Chris Brown then begins to play. To the surprise of the audience, the ushers, groomsmen and bridesmaids then progressively dance down the aisle, culminating in the groom, Kevin Heinz, tumbling through the group. Ultimately, Jill Peterson dances down the aisle, eventually met by her husband-to-be. According to Peterson, \"\"[they practiced for] an hour and a half\"\" the Thursday before the ceremony. The wedding occurred on June 20, 2009 at Christ Lutheran Church, in Saint Paul, Minnesota. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15060261", "chunk_text": "\"Wedding Dress (song)\"\nDress\"\" was described as a slow R&B song. Lyrically, the single describes a man whose loved woman is going to marry another man, expressed with Taeyang's \"\"bitter\"\" and sad vocals. \"\"Wedding Dress\"\" was composed using common time in the key of A minor, with a moderate tempo of 130 beats per minute. The vocals span from the lower octave of E to the higher note of A. \"\"Wedding Dress\"\" received international attention. In North America, the single gained popularity on the streaming site YouTube due to English covers and multiple parodies of the music video. This allowed his album, \"\"Solar\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20610702", "chunk_text": "\"Suzanne Is Getting Married\"\nunable to perform on the B-side, \"\"Waiting for Susie\"\", so producer (and future full-time bassist) Mass Giorgini played bass on the song. \"\"Waiting for Susie\"\" was co-written with longtime bassist Dan Vapid, he left the band before these recording sessions began. The song was written for the group's fourth studio album \"\"Wiggle\"\" (1993) but was not recorded for it, and was later recorded for this release. The E.P. is currently out of print, but both songs are included on the two-disc rarities compilation \"\"Thank You Very Little\"\" (2000). Suzanne Is Getting Married \"\"Suzanne Is Getting Married\"\" is the eighth E.P.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7403301", "chunk_text": "\"You're the First, the Last, My Everything\"\nconcentrate on whatever comes along. White himself appeared in a season 2 episode to perform the song while John Cage and other characters performed his signature line dance to the song. The song is featured in the music video game \"\"Just Dance 4\"\" (2012) for PlayStation 3, Wii, Wii U, and Xbox 360. This song was used in a trailer for Universal Pictures' 2003 film American Wedding. A cover version of the song performed by Howard Brown was released in 2005 in the UK as a charity single. It peaked at #13 in the UK singles chart. Prior to its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17869201", "chunk_text": "\"The Wedding Present\"\nThe Wedding Present The Wedding Present are a British indie rock group originally formed in 1985 in Leeds, England, from the ashes of the Lost Pandas. The band's music has evolved from fast-paced indie rock in the vein of their most obvious influences The Fall, Buzzcocks and Gang of Four to more varied forms. Throughout their career, they have been led by vocalist and guitarist David Gedge, the band's only constant member. The band has its origins in the Lost Pandas, which folded in 1984 when Janet Rigby, the drummer for the band, left following departure of guitarist Michael Duane.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17869211", "chunk_text": "\"The Wedding Present\"\nTemple). Solowka teamed up again with Liggins and Remeynes to form The Ukrainians, and continued to blend post-punk with traditional Ukrainian music. The next year saw the band release twelve 7\"\" singles in one year. Each single had a limited pressing of 10,000 copies which all reached the Top 30 in the U.K. chart, equalling Elvis Presley's record for the most U.K. Top 30 hits in one year. To economise on songwriting, the B-sides consisted of cover versions of songs including Julee Cruise's \"\"Falling\"\" (the theme tune from Twin Peaks). The singles and their B-sides, produced by various producers such", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_240	how many episodes of corrie has there been?	n/a	[ "9,436" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13346594", "chunk_text": "\"Soap opera\"\nproduces four each week. In 2004, \"\"Emmerdale\"\" began airing six episodes a week. \"\"Doctors\"\" airs five episodes a week, and is the only soap without a weekend omnibus repeat screening. It was announced in June 2016 that starting late 2017, Coronation Street would air six episodes a week. In a January 2008 overhaul of the ITV network, the Sunday episodes of \"\"Coronation Street\"\" and \"\"Emmerdale\"\" were moved out of their slots. \"\"Coronation Street\"\" added a second episode on Friday evenings at 8:30 p.m. \"\"Emmerdale\"\"s Tuesday edition was extended to an hour, putting it in direct competition with rival \"\"EastEnders\"\". In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "58942", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nand shown in all ITV regions, as well as internationally. On 17 September 2010, it became the world's longest-running television soap opera and was listed in \"\"Guinness World Records\"\". On 23 September 2015, \"\"Coronation Street\"\" was broadcast live to mark ITV's sixtieth anniversary. Influenced by the conventions of the kitchen sink drama, \"\"Coronation Street\"\" is noted for its depiction of a down-to-earth, working-class community, combined with light-hearted humour and strong characters. The show currently averages 8 million viewers per episode. The was aired on 9 December 1960 at 7 pm, and was not initially a critical success; \"\"Daily Mirror\"\" columnist", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4667148", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nofficial approval of planning permission to allow booked public visits to the MediaCityUK Trafford Wharf set. Tours commenced on weekends from 26 May 2018 onwards. For years, \"\"Coronation Street\"\" has remained at the centre of ITV's prime time schedule. The programme is shown in the UK in six episodes, over three evenings a week on ITV. From Friday 9 December 1960 until Friday 3 March 1961, the programme was shown in two episodes broadcast Wednesday and Friday at 7 pm. Schedules were changed and from Monday 6 March 1961 until Wednesday 11 October 1989, the programme was shown in two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "59025", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nsome of the soap's cast would sing a specially-written lyric, of which will be added to the new theme song that will be played, as of the first episode of the evening of Monday, 3 April 2017, but it turned out to be an April Fools joke. Episodes in the 1960s, 70s, and 80s, regularly attracted figures of between 18 and 21 million viewers, and during the 1990s and early 2000s, 14 to 16 million per episode would be typical. Like most terrestrial television in the UK, a decline in viewership has taken place and the show posts an average", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4667153", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\n2002, at which stage the episodes were from late 1989. By the time of the channel's closure in 2006, the repeats had reached February 1997. In addition to this, \"\"specials\"\" were broadcast on Saturday afternoons in the early years of the channel with several episodes based on a particular theme or character(s) were shown. The latest episode shown in these specials was from 1991. In addition, on 27 and 28 December 2003, several Christmas Day editions of the show were broadcast. From 23 July 2009 \"\"Coronation Street\"\" started to be broadcast in five instalments a week, at 7:30 and 8:30", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3467551", "chunk_text": "\"Executive Stress\"\nher maiden name of Fielding. In Series Two, Edgar finds out they are married, but does not sack them and makes them joint managing directors of Oasis. Three series of \"\"Executive Stress\"\" were broadcast from 1986 to 1988. The first series, made of seven episodes, aired on Mondays at 20:00 following \"\"Coronation Street\"\", as did the six-episode second series. The third series, also of six episodes, aired on Tuesdays at 20.30 following \"\"The Bill\"\". In an article published in \"\"The Daily Mail\"\" two days before the first episode broadcast, Corinna Honan praised Penelope Keith saying, \"\"This is Keith at her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17977776", "chunk_text": "\"The British Soap Awards\"\nMay 2017, it was announced the event would not be broadcast live in 2017, due to a scheduling conflict that had resulted in ITV moving forward the live grand final of \"\"Britain's Got Talent\"\". On 1 May 2018, ITV announced that for the 20th anniversary of the show, it will be broadcast live (for first time) on Saturday 2 June 2018. As of 2018, Coronation Street have the most awards with 111, followed by EastEnders with 106, Emmerdale with 44, Hollyoaks with 35, Doctors with 14, Brookside with 9, Family Affairs with 3, Home and Away with 2 and Night", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4667164", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nTuesdays and Thursdays at 7:30 pm until October 2011, when the show moved to a 5:30 pm half-hour slot every weekday. The move proved unpopular with fans, and the series was quickly moved into its present prime-time slot within weeks. Episodes 7883, 7884, 7885 and 7886 were screened on 16 May 2014. These were originally aired in the UK between 4 and 11 June 2012. On 10 May 2018 it was announced that the current 2016 episodes would be moved to 1 p.m. Monday-Friday titled 'Catch-up Episodes' and for primetime Wednesday-Friday express episodes would be airing in New Zealand a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4667151", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nand west Wales) from episode 184 on 17 September 1962. At this point, the ITV network became complete and the programme was broadcast almost continuously across the country at 7:30 pm on Monday and Wednesday for the next twenty-seven years. From episode 2981 on Friday 20 October 1989 at 7:30 pm, a third weekly episode was introduced and this increased to four episodes a week from episode 4096 on Sunday 24 November 1996, again at 7:30 pm. The second Monday episode was introduced in 2002 and was broadcast at 7:30 pm to usher in the return of Bet Lynch. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14706037", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\naudience of just under 9 million per episode , remaining one of the highest rated programmes in the UK. Since \"\"EastEnders\"\" began airing in 1985 on the BBC, the two programmes have constantly battled it out for first place in the ratings. \"\"Coronation Street\"\" rates as one of the most watched programmes on UK television for every day it is aired. The episode that aired on 2 January 1985, where Bet Lynch (Julie Goodyear) finds out she has got the job as manager of the Rovers Return, is the highest-rated single episode in the show's history, attracting 21.40 million viewers.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "290950", "chunk_text": "\"ITV Granada\"\n1991. The programme led a campaign to prove the innocence of the Birmingham Six in 1985 when researcher Chris Mullin questioned the convictions; by 1991 the men had been released from prison. The classic northern working-class soap opera, \"\"Coronation Street,\"\" started a 13-week, two-episodes-a-week regional run on 9 December 1960. It is still produced at the rate of six peak-viewing episodes a week after nearly 60 years, and is the longest-running soap opera in the world. Such set-pieces as \"\"Siege Week\"\" and \"\"the 2010 Tram Crash\"\" were filmed at the studio. The company also produced gritty drama series such as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4327746", "chunk_text": "\"Fair City\"\nCity reached its 2,000th episode. In 2008 veteran Executive Producer Niall Mathews bowed out of the show and was replaced by former Script Editor Brigie de Courcy. During her reign, the soap has received critical acclaim for its more credible, sophisticated and psychological stories. In September 2011, Fair City celebrated its 3,000th episode. In 2013, the serial's 24th anniversary was celebrated with an hour-long special, in which characters Damien, Caoimhe, Tommy and Luke were trapped in a fire at a factory. Fair City celebrated its 25th anniversary in September 2014 by airing episodes such as Paul Brennan finding out that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14706057", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nFridays from 7:30 pm. Since September 2014, TV One has added a 2-episode/1-hour block on Saturday from 8:30 pm. Because TV One has never upgraded to showing the equivalent of five or six episodes per week, New Zealand continues to fall further and further behind with episodes, and is 23 months behind Britain (as of 28 March 2014). During the weekday nights of the week ending 11 April 2014 and previous weeks, Coronation Street was the least watched programme on TV One in the 7:30 pm slot by a considerable margin in comparison to other weeknights, The serial aired on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "58989", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nopera \"\"As the World Turns\"\" concluded. William Roache was listed as the world's longest-running soap actor. \"\"Coronation Street\"\" 50th anniversary week was celebrated with seven episodes, plus a special one-hour live episode, broadcast from 6–10 December. The episodes averaged 14 million viewers, a 52.1% share of the audience. The anniversary was also publicised with ITV specials and news broadcasts. In the storyline, Nick Tilsley and Leanne Battersby's bar—The Joinery—exploded during Peter Barlow's stag party. As a result, the viaduct was destroyed, sending a Metrolink tram careering onto the street, destroying D&S Alahan's Corner Shop and The Kabin. Two characters, Ashley", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13346593", "chunk_text": "\"Soap opera\"\nwhen \"\"Coronation Street\"\" began airing three times a week. In 1996, it expanded again, to air four episodes a week. \"\"Brookside\"\" premiered in 1982 with two episodes a week. In 1990 it expanded to three episodes a week. The trend was followed by \"\"EastEnders\"\" in 1994 and \"\"Emmerdale\"\" in 1997. \"\"Family Affairs\"\" debuted as a weekdaily soap in 1997, producing five episodes a week its entire run. The imported \"\"Neighbours\"\" screens as five new episodes a week. Currently, \"\"Coronation Street\"\" (which began airing two episodes on Monday nights in 2002) and \"\"Hollyoaks\"\" both produce five episodes a week, while \"\"EastEnders\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17921799", "chunk_text": "\"General Hospital (UK TV series)\"\nepisodes 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29, 32, 100, 126, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 258 (episodes marked with a \"\"*\"\" were made in colour but now only survive in Black and White). A second volume containing the first prime time series was due for release in April 2013 but did not appear. General Hospital (UK TV series) General Hospital is a British daytime soap opera produced by ATV that ran on ITV from 1972 to 1979.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14706045", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nMonday 8:30 pm episode was used intermittently during the popular Richard Hillman story line but has become fully scheduled since episode 5568 on Monday 25 August 2003. Additional episodes have been broadcast during the weekly schedule of ITV at certain times, notably in 2004 when, between 22 and 26 November, eight episodes were shown. Older episodes had been broadcast by satellite and cable channel Granada Plus from launch in 1996. The first episodes shown were from episode 1588 (originally transmitted on Monday 5 April 1976) onwards. Originally listed and promoted as \"\"Classic Coronation Street\"\", the \"\"classic\"\" was dropped in early", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11040439", "chunk_text": "\"The Apprentice (UK TV series)\"\nfired in the current series being broadcast or those who made it to its penultimate/final stage. While the programme has been compared to another BBC series, \"\"Dragons' Den\"\", its success has led to the creation of \"\"Apprentice\"\"-related merchandising including a magazine, podcast, and official books, while leading other production companies to produces shows that follow a similar format, including \"\"Tycoon\"\", \"\"Beat the Boss\"\", and \"\"Election\"\". At present, the show has run for fourteen series and a total of 169 episodes. On 14 November 2018, Lord Sugar confirmed that a fifteenth series was under production, to be aired in 2019. Following", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14706049", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\n7:30 pm timeslot on a Wednesday evening in September 2012. A sixth weekly episode aired on Wednesdays at 8:30pm from 20 September 2017. ITV also confirmed on this date that ITV3 would air afternoon timeslot sequential reruns of \"\"Classic Coronation Street\"\". Two classic episodes were retransmitted between Mondays to Fridays at 2:40 pm until 3:45 pm from 2 October 2017. The first episodes shown were from episode 2587 (originally transmitted on Wednesday 15 January 1986) onwards. \"\"Coronation Street\"\" is shown in various countries worldwide. The programme was first aired in Australia in 1963 on TCN-9 Sydney, GTV-9 Melbourne and NWS-9", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14706017", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\npinny, hair curlers, and the \"\"muriel\"\" in her living room with three \"\"flying\"\" duck ornaments. Hilda Ogden's departure on Christmas Day 1987, remains the highest-rated episode of \"\"Coronation Street\"\" ever, with nearly 27,000,000 viewers. Stan Ogden had been killed off in 1984 following the death of actor Bernard Youens after a long illness which had restricted his appearances towards the end. Bet Lynch (Julie Goodyear) first appeared in 1966, before becoming a regular in 1970, and went on to become one of the most famous \"\"Corrie\"\" characters. Bet stood as the central character of the show from 1985 until departing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14705953", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nCoronation Street Coronation Street (also known as Corrie) is a British soap opera created by Granada Television and shown on ITV since 9 December 1960. The programme centres on Coronation Street in Weatherfield, a fictional town based on inner-city Salford. In the show's fictional history, the street was built in 1902 and named in honour of the coronation of King Edward VII. The show airs six times a week: Monday, Wednesday and Friday 7:30-8 pm and 8:30-9 pm. Since 2017, ten sequential classic episodes of the series from 1986 onwards have been broadcast weekly on ITV3. The programme was conceived", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10069568", "chunk_text": "Emmerdale\nsince then, it has been broadcast year-round. Episodes air on ITV weekday evenings at 19:00, with a second Thursday episode at 20:00. The programme began broadcasting in high definition on 10 October 2011. \"\"Emmerdale\"\" is the United Kingdom's second-longest-running television soap opera (after ITV's \"\"Coronation Street\"\"), and attracts an average of five to seven million viewers per episode. October 2012 marked the 40th anniversary of the show. During that month, the show made a live episode to mark the anniversary. \"\"Emmerdale Farm\"\" came about after creator Kevin Laffan was asked to write a lunchtime farming serial for ITV, as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "167213", "chunk_text": "\"Soap opera\"\nfuneral in 1997 (32.1 million viewers) which were transmitted on both BBC One and ITV. An early television serial was \"\"The Grove Family\"\" on the BBC, which produced 148 episodes from 1954 to 1957. The programme was broadcast live and only a handful of recordings were retained in the archives. The UK's first twice-weekly serial was ITV's \"\"Emergency - Ward 10\"\", running from 1957 until 1967. In the 1960s \"\"Coronation Street\"\" revolutionised UK television and quickly became a British institution. On 17 September 2010, it became the world's longest-running television soap opera and was listed in \"\"Guinness World Records\"\". The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14706052", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nITV showings, at 6:30 pm and 7 pm local time Monday-Friday, with an omnibus on Sundays at 7.30am. By May 2014, the CBC was only two weeks behind Britain, so the show was reduced to a single showing weeknights at 6:30 pm local time. The show debuted on Toronto's CBLT in July 1966. The 2002 edition of the \"\"Guinness Book of Records\"\" recognises the 1,144 episodes sold to the now-defunct CBC-owned Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, TV station CBKST by Granada TV on 31 May 1971 to be the largest number of TV shows ever purchased in one transaction. The show traditionally aired", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15904633", "chunk_text": "\"Storylines of Coronation Street\"\nStorylines of Coronation Street Storylines of \"\"Coronation Street\"\", the British ITV soap opera, have spanned more than five decades, from the programme's inception in December 1960, until the present day. \"\"Coronation Street\"\" has covered a number of storylines that created dispute and debate in the media and caused public outcry from viewers. Popular storylines have also seen an increase in the number of viewers, such Deirdre Rachid being jailed in 1998 and the reign of Pat Phelan from 2016-2018, as well as large media coverage; notably the sacking of Peter Adamson (Len Fairclough) in 1983. Some storylines are seen as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9613996", "chunk_text": "\"The Dumping Ground\"\nit was confirmed that two further series, with 24 episodes in each series, would be made. An eighth series was announced in 2018. The Dumping Ground was initially aimed at CBBC's target audience of 6 to 12-year-olds, but is also popular with older children and families, and is now aimed at their maturing fans, up to age 16. The Dumping Ground broadcast its 100th episode on 16 March 2018, which was the tenth episode of series six. The series revolves around the life of children in the Ashdene Ridge (previously Elm Tree House) care home; typically each episode follows one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1712995", "chunk_text": "\"Shaun Micallef's Mad as Hell\"\nJuly 2012. The show was renewed for a second series of 12 episodes which aired in 2013. A third was announced in January 2014 and consisted of 10 episodes, shown weekly from 12 February 2014. A fourth series premiered later in the same year on 24 September 2014 and the fifth series premiered on 11 February 2015. A sixth season debuted on 11 May 2016. The show's seventh season commenced on 21 June 2017. An eighth season debuted on 31 January 2018, with a ninth season running from September 2018. A tenth season was confirmed for July 2019 by Micallef", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14706051", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nmoved to Pay-TV channel UKTV where it is still shown. In 2015 \"\"Coronation Street\"\" is shown on weeknights at 6:50 pm EST. Episodes on UKTV are around four weeks behind the UK. Seven broadcast old episodes daily on 7Two until September 2014. As of November 2017, episodes are one week behind of the UK. In Canada, \"\"Coronation Street\"\" is broadcast on CBC Television. Until 2011, episodes were shown in Canada approximately 10 months after they aired in Britain; however, beginning in the fall of 2011, the CBC began showing two episodes every weekday, in order to catch up with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14706084", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\n(September 1977 – July 1982); Carolyn Reynolds (1991–1993); and Sue Pritchard (1993–1996). From 2008 until Summer 2010 the soap was produced by Kim Crowther, who was replaced by Phil Collinson (producer of Doctor Who from 2005 to 2009). Collinson left the job in 2013, with Stuart Blackburn replacing him. Kate Oates was announced as Blackburn's successor in September 2015. Coronation Street Coronation Street (also known as Corrie) is a British soap opera created by Granada Television and shown on ITV since 9 December 1960. The programme centres on Coronation Street in Weatherfield, a fictional town based on inner-city Salford. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "290963", "chunk_text": "\"ITV Granada\"\ntwice in 1994 and 1995, \"\"Cold Feet\"\" in 2002 and \"\"The Street\"\" in 2007 and 2008 – more than any other production company. \"\"Coronation Street\"\" became the longest running serial soap in 2010 when it celebrated its 50th anniversary and the ongoing \"\"Seven Up\"\" documentary series was voted the greatest documentary in a Channel 4 programme by film makers. In three franchise rounds (1967, 1980, and 1991) three groups (Palatine Television, Merseyvision, and Mersey Television, wherein the latter two were unconnected) each made audacious bids to rid Granada (and in 1967, ABC) of its franchise, but were unsuccessful, given that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14144344", "chunk_text": "\"Soap opera\"\nin the UK was staggered, so different regions of the country saw it at a different pace. The program was immensely successful, regularly achieving 10 million viewers when all regions' ratings per episode were added together. Central bowed to fan pressure to repeat the soap, of which the first 95 episodes aired. Then, rival station Channel 5 also acquired rights to repeat the entire rerun of the program, starting in 1997. All 692 episodes have since been released on DVD in the UK. In 1992, the BBC made \"\"Eldorado\"\" to daily alternate with \"\"EastEnders\"\". The programme was heavily criticised and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14706060", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nof shows available from Amazon appears to be from November 2012, as no new episodes have been uploaded. On 15 January 2013, online distributor Hulu began airing episodes of the show, posting a new episode daily, two weeks after their original airdates. For a time, Hulu's website stated: \"\"New episodes of Coronation Street will be unavailable as of April 7th, 2016\"\", with the same being said for British soap \"\"Hollyoaks\"\", but Hulu is once again showing new episodes of Coronation Street as of April 2017, two weeks behind the UK airdate. The BBC/ITV service Britbox shows new episodes on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15311517", "chunk_text": "\"Storylines of Coronation Street\"\ndiscovered her birth was in fact the result of a serious sexual assault committed by Pat against her late mother Annabel, twenty-eight years earlier. The scenes prompted an almost immediate uproar from some fans, while others praised the show for \"\"bringing drama back to the Street\"\". Luke Britton’s murder, broadcast on 5 January 2018, garnered 662 complaints to Ofcom and the show received an extraordinary backlash from fans on social media; though most of this was due to the fact that these scenes were broadcast pre-watershed, not because of the quality of the storyline. In August 2017, producer Kate Oates", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "58965", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nmillion - a figure helped by the fact that this episode heralded the departure of immensely-popular character Hilda Ogden (Jean Alexander). Between 1986 and 1989, the story of Rita Fairclough's (Barbara Knox) psychological abuse at the hands of Alan Bradley (Mark Eden), and then his subsequent death under the wheels of a Blackpool tram, was played out. This storyline gave the show its highest combined viewing figure in its history with 26.93 million for the episode that aired on 15 (and 19) March 1989, where Alan is hiding from the police after trying to kill Rita in the previous episode.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1459122", "chunk_text": "\"Geordie Shore\"\nfrom the show, as well as original cast member Gaz Beadle following his decision to quit. The series also featured the brief return of Elettra Lamborghini, when the cast jetted off to Rome. It also features Aaron taking part in his debut MMA fight in Birmingham. Former cast member James Tindale made a one-off return during the eighth episode of the series. The sixteenth series was filmed in September 2017 and began on 9 January 2018, and concluded after ten episodes on 13 March 2018. This is the first series not to include original cast member Gaz Beadle after he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4667128", "chunk_text": "\"Coronation Street\"\nterrorised by thugs, financial problems, parental abuse, identity theft, bereavement, terminal illness, post-natal depression, abortion, perjury, adoption, premature birth, fostering, surrogacy, prostitution, sexual exploitation, child grooming and revenge porn. Between 9 December 1960 and 3 March 1961, \"\"Coronation Street\"\" was broadcast twice weekly, on Wednesday and Friday. During this period, the Friday episode was broadcast live, with the Wednesday episode being pre-recorded 15 minutes later. When the programme went fully networked on 6 March 1961, broadcast days changed to Monday and Wednesday. The last regular episode to be shown live was broadcast on 3 February 1961. The series was transmitted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11967879", "chunk_text": "\"Loose Women\"\n15 May 2018. The panel comprises four women from various professions in the entertainment and journalism industries. Carol McGiffin holds the record for the most appearances; she has appeared in 1,222 episodes since first joining in 2001, followed by Andrea McLean, Coleen Nolan, Sherrie Hewson, Jane McDonald, Kaye Adams, Janet Street-Porter, Nadia Sawalha, Denise Welch and Jane Moore respectively. Kaye Adams and Nadia Sawalha were the original presenters on the show. Nadia Sawalha left in 2002, after the birth of her first child; Kaye Adams kept the role for the first ten series until the end of 2006, when she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16459130", "chunk_text": "\"Still Open All Hours\"\nthirty-three episodes of \"\"Still Open All Hours\"\", all written by Roy Clarke, have been produced for the BBC. The show began airing on 26 December 2013 with an anniversary special of original series, \"\"Open All Hours\"\". All episodes have a running time of 30 minutes. Between \"\"Open All Hours\"\" and \"\"Still Open All Hours\"\", there has been a total of 59 episodes and nine series broadcast between 1973 and 2018. \"\"Still Open All Hours\"\" was broadcast on 26 December 2013, with Jason reprising his role of Granville from \"\"Open All Hours\"\". The new one-off episode written by Clarke showed Granville", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9421638", "chunk_text": "\"The Knock\"\nexecutives in 1999. The first series consists of seven episodes, and was broadcast from 10 April to 22 May 1994. It was released on DVD on 27 November 2006. The DVD release of the series has become hard to obtain. The series was rebroadcast in Australia for the first time in 2014. This series was repeated on ITV3 on 10 January 2017, 11 January 2017, 12 January 2017, 13 January 2017, 14 January 2017, 17 January 2017 and 18 January 2017. The second series consists of thirteen episodes, and was broadcast from 28 April to 21 July 1996. It was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13346595", "chunk_text": "\"Soap opera\"\nJuly 2009, the schedules of these serials were changed again. On 23 July 2009, \"\"Coronation Street\"\" moved from the Wednesday slot it held for 49 years, to Thursday evenings. \"\"Emmerdale\"\" reverted to running just one 30-minute episode on Tuesday evenings and the other 30-minute installment was moved to Thursday evenings. \"\"Coronation Street\"\" has since returned to a Wednesday slot. It now airs Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays at 19:30 and 20:30. Emmerdale airs at 19:00 every weeknight, and 20:00 on Thursdays. UK soap operas are shot on videotape in the studio using a multi-camera setup. Since the 1980s, these programs routinely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20915821", "chunk_text": "\"Disappearance of Corrie McKeague\"\nthat it was close to . Urquhart stated on Facebook that \"\"This can really, devastatingly, only mean one thing\"\". On 5 June, it was announced that police were finding \"\"items from the right time\"\" and place of Mckeague's disappearance. About 4,430 tonnes of waste had been searched, but a police spokeswoman said: \"\"The work is constantly being reviewed and, as the search team are still finding items from the right time frame that are identifiable as coming from the town, the search will continue on a week by week basis.\"\". On 21 July 2017, 20 weeks into the landfill search,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14144347", "chunk_text": "\"Soap opera\"\nattracted criticism as it was broadcast near the fifth anniversary of the Lockerbie bombing. The storyline drew the soap its highest ever audience of 18 million viewers. The revamp was a success and \"\"Emmerdale\"\" grew in popularity. Throughout the 1990s, \"\"Brookside\"\", \"\"Coronation Street\"\", \"\"EastEnders\"\" and \"\"Emmerdale\"\" continued to flourish. Each increased the number of episodes that aired on a weekly basis by at least one, further defining soap operas as the leading genre in British television. Since 2000, new soap operas have continued to be developed. Daytime drama \"\"Doctors\"\" began in March 2000, preceding \"\"Neighbours\"\" on BBC One. In 2002,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17072853", "chunk_text": "\"Damon Rochefort\"\na script-writing course led by Laurence Marks and Maurice Gran (who created \"\"Birds of a Feather\"\") and subsequently starting his writing career with several episodes of \"\"Birds of a Feather\"\". Since 2004 he has written around 200 episodes of \"\"Coronation Street\"\", including landmark episodes such as Deirdre Barlow's funeral and the aftermath of the 50th anniversary's live tram crash. He has also written several episodes of ITV's \"\"Britannia High\"\", and wrote the Coronation Street stage musical 'Street of Dreams' which opened in May 2012. Rochefort starred in and was executive producer of 'Corrie Goes To Kenya' on ITV 1 in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19187211", "chunk_text": "\"Cop Shop\"\nRouse, Joanne Samuel, Ken Snodgrass, Monica Maughan, Peter Ford, George Spartels, Deborah Coulls, Jacqui Gordon, Jeff Ashby, Cornelia Frances, Lulu Pinkus, Terry Gill, Sandy Gore. Maggie Millar, Gerard Maguire, Christine Amor, Alan Hopgood, Roger Oakley, Denzil Howson, Bethany Lee, John Wood, Alex Porteous, Briony Behets, Kevin Summers. Volume 6 containing episodes 131-156 was released on 16 July 2018 and features Diane Craig, Sean Scully, Maurie Fields, Shane Porteous, Shane Bourne, Irene Inescort, Adrian Wright, Olivia Hamnett, June Salter, Stefan Dennis, Richard Moir, Kim Deacon, Fay Kelton, Gary Day, Terry Gill, Kit Taylor, Belinda Giblin, Gerard Maguire, Ian Smith, Brian Hannan,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9421641", "chunk_text": "\"The Knock\"\nbeen released on DVD, and although repeats have been very few and far between, the series was repeated in full from 13–20 June 2016, on ITV3. This Series was rebroadcast on ITV3 on 21 February 2017, 22 February 2017, 23 February 2017, 24 February 2017, 28 February 2017 and 1 March 2017. The fifth series consists of four episodes, and was broadcast from 21 October to 11 November 2000. This series saw a major overhaul in both the production team and cast; with Caroline Lee-Johnson, Steve Toussaint and Daniel Brown the only three cast members to return. The format of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2557196", "chunk_text": "ITV3\nchannel 3e already hold carriage agreement to air certain ITV content within the Republic of Ireland, alternatively UTV is available within the Republic. ITV2 is available along with ITV3 and ITV4 within Switzerland, all three channels are available on SwisscomTV and UPC Cablecom. It was announced by ITV on 20 September 2017 that reruns of classic episodes of \"\"Coronation Street\"\" will air twice on weekdays. The repeat run began on 2 October 2017 with the episodes originally broadcast on 15 and 20 January 1986. The episodes air from 2:40pm on weekday afternoons and are repeated at 6:00am the following day", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3432260", "chunk_text": "\"Dr. Finlay's Casebook\"\nin April 2014. Only 10 episodes survive of the second series. The surviving episodes of series 3 and 4 were issued in 2015 and the remaining episodes series 5, 6 & 7 were released in January 2016. The nine surviving episodes from series 8 were released in April 2016. Of a complete run of 191 episodes, 122 are believed to no longer exist. Cronin received copies of the scripts, and he wrote a blunt letter to the series' script editor in 1964, expressing his dissatisfaction with the progression of the show. Word leaked to the media, and in June 1964,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1856003", "chunk_text": "\"Soap opera\"\ntwo nights a week for 35 weeks a year. With competition from the UK soap operas, RTÉ expanded \"\"Fair City\"\" to three nights a week for most of the year and one night a week during the summer in 1996, later expanding to four nights a week and two nights during the summer. Until the early 2000s, the series produced four episodes a week, airing all 52 weeks of the year. \"\"Fair City\"\" airs Sundays, Tuesdays and Thursdays at 8.00 p.m. GMT on RTÉ One; however, after rival network TV3 moved \"\"Coronation Street\"\" to Thursday night, the Wednesday night episode", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "844883", "chunk_text": "\"Craig Charles\"\nand emotional scenes with intricate storylines. In 2010, his character was involved in the show's dramatic 50th anniversary tram crash storyline, which was broadcast live. Charles presented documentaries for the show, including \"\"50 Years of Corrie Stunts\"\" (2010), which is included on the \"\"Tram Crash\"\" DVD. In November 2011, Charles took time off from \"\"Coronation Street\"\" to film a new series of \"\"Red Dwarf\"\", returning in April 2012. In February 2014 an online mini-series, \"\"Steve & Lloyd's Streetcar Stories\"\", ran alongside the television show's storyline. In May 2015, Craig announced he would be leaving \"\"Coronation Street\"\" for \"\"Red Dwarf.\"\" Lloyd", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8613413", "chunk_text": "\"Episode 1 (Coronation Street)\"\nthe programme's 50th anniversary celebrations on 6 December 2010. The episode is available commercially via digital download from iTunes and DVD. The complete first seven episodes all from 1960 including a bonus 1961 episode as only seven episodes were aired in the debut year, is also available on Region 2 DVD included in Network Distributing \"\"Coronation Street\"\": The Best of 1960-1969, 10 disc box set released on 31 July 2006 and subsequently reissued on 5 September 2011. The episode was also included on the \"\"50th Golden Anniversary\"\" DVD boxset by ITV Studios Global Entertainment included with other episodes and specials.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_241	who is the voice of the other mother in coraline?	n/a	[ "Teri Hatcher" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19431076", "chunk_text": "\"Coraline (video game)\"\nIrving Studios (based in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles) and Watter Music (based in Chatsworth, Los Angeles). The only three actors to reprise their roles from the film are Dakota Fanning as Coraline, Keith David as the Cat and Robert Bailey Jr. as Wyborn \"\"Wybie\"\" Lovat. The remaining roles are occupied by voice actors Kath Soucie, Amanda Troop, JB Blanc, Susanne Blakeslee and Dave Foquette. Unlike the critically acclaimed film, the game has received mostly negative reviews from critics despite being praised for its graphics. IGN gave the game a 2.5 out of 10 for the Wii and PS2 versions. Common", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19474618", "chunk_text": "Coraline\npublished in 2008, was illustrated by P. Craig Russell and lettered by Todd Klein. A theatrical adaptation, with music and lyrics by Stephin Merritt and book by David Greenspan, premiered on 6 May 2009, produced by MCC Theater and True Love Productions Off-Broadway at The Lucille Lortel Theatre. Nine-year-old Coraline was played by an adult, Jayne Houdyshell, and the Other Mother was played by David Greenspan. A video game adaptation, based on the film, was published and developed by D3 Publisher of America. The game was released on 27 January 2009 for the PlayStation 2, Nintendo DS and Wii platforms", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10798026", "chunk_text": "\"Teri Hatcher\"\nas Coraline's mother Mel Jones, who constantly shows Coraline \"\"tough love,\"\" both in the 2009 hit film \"\"Coraline\"\", which received critical acclaim. In 2010, Hatcher made a return to the Superman franchise, with a special guest role in the final season of \"\"Smallville\"\" as Ella Lane, the mother of Erica Durance's Lois Lane. The episode continued a tradition of former Lois Lane actresses portraying the character's mother many years later. Noel Neill appeared as Lois' mother in the 1978 film \"\"Superman: The Movie\"\", and Phyllis Coates made a similar appearance on \"\"Lois & Clark\"\". A report in November 2010 suggested", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14166879", "chunk_text": "\"Pauline Little\"\nPauline Little Pauline Little ( born c. 1950) is a Scottish-born Canadian voice actress who currently resides in Montreal, Quebec. She voices Lulu's mother in \"\"The Little Lulu Show\"\", the twins Lotus and Jasmine in \"\"The Little Flying Bears\"\", \"\"Maya the Bee\"\", Francine in \"\"Samurai Pizza Cats\"\" and Caillou's Grandma in \"\"Caillou\"\". She can also be seen in \"\"The Day After Tomorrow\"\" and \"\"Last Exit\"\". Her stage roles included the 1993 production of Peter Cureton's \"\"Passages\"\". Born in Scotland to theatrical parents, Little was raised in Montreal. Pauline graduated with a BFA in Theatre Performance from Concordia University in 1982", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10711089", "chunk_text": "\"Coraline (film)\"\nknitting needles as thin as human hair. The clothes also simulated wear using paint and a file. Several students from The Art Institute of Portland were also involved in making the film. The soundtrack for \"\"Coraline\"\" features songs by French composer Bruno Coulais, with one, \"\"Other Father Song\"\", by They Might Be Giants. The Other Father's singing voice is provided by John Linnell, one of the singers from the band. They had initially written 10 songs for the film; when a melancholy tone was decided, all but one were cut. Coulais' score was performed by the Hungarian Symphony Orchestra and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5964008", "chunk_text": "Coraline\nthe brick wall behind the door is gone. In its place is a long hallway that leads to a flat identical to her own, except inhabited by the \"\"Other Mother\"\" and \"\"Other Father,\"\" who have black buttons for eyes. The Other Mother is notably taller and thinner than her real mother. Her black hair seems to move by itself, her skin is paper-white, and her nails are long and red. Coraline finds the \"\"Other World\"\" more interesting than her own; the Other Mother cooks food that she actually enjoys, both of her Other Parents pay more attention to her, her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5964012", "chunk_text": "Coraline\nthe Other Mother, who they archaically refer to as the \"\"beldam,\"\" sew buttons over their eyes. They tell Coraline how the Other Mother eventually grew bored with them, leaving them to die and cast them aside, but they are trapped there because she has kept their souls. If their souls can be rescued from the Other Mother, then the ghosts can pass on. The ghost children implore Coraline to escape and avoid their fate. After the Other Mother releases Coraline from the mirror, Coraline proposes a game: if she can find the ghost children's souls and her parents, then she,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19474616", "chunk_text": "Coraline\nwith the picnic blanket laid over the entrance to the well. The Other Mother's severed hand attempts to seize the key, but steps on the blanket and falls into the well. Coraline returns to the house, greeting her neighbours (who finally get her name right), and getting ready for school tomorrow. \"\"Coraline\"\" inspired the \"\"Coralisa\"\" segment of \"\"The Simpsons\"\" episode \"\"Treehouse of Horror XXVIII\"\", which aired on 22 October 2017. Neil Gaiman provided the voice of the Simpsons' cat, Snowball V. With the help of the animation studio Laika, director Henry Selick released a stop motion film adaptation in 2009", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19474617", "chunk_text": "Coraline\nthat received critical acclaim. At the 82nd Academy Awards, the film was nominated for Best Animated Feature but lost to Pixar's Up. In the film, Coraline is depicted as having short blue hair and freckles. Henry Selick added a new character, Wyborn \"\"Wybie\"\" Lovat, who is an annoyance at first to Coraline in the real world but she grows to like him. In the Other World he cannot speak, but is an ally to Coraline. At the end of the film, Coraline reaches out to help Wybie tell his grandmother what is behind the little door. A comic book adaptation,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7035202", "chunk_text": "\"Jess Robinson\"\nTales\"\". In 2016, Robinson appeared as a panelist on \"\"The Dog Ate My Homework\"\" Jess Robinson Jess Robinson (born 1 February 1988 in London), is an English comedy actress, singer and impressionist. Robinson grew up in Aldbury, started out in theatre and trained at The Arts Educational School, Tring Park as a singer. She played Little Voice in \"\"The Rise and Fall of Little Voice\"\", by Jim Cartwright, at the Courtyard Theatre. Her role included imitating the voices of Judy Garland, Marlene Dietrich, Billie Holiday, Edith Piaf and Julie Andrews. Geraldine McNulty appeared as her mother, Marie Hoff. She then", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9390937", "chunk_text": "\"Coraline (film)\"\nat the Portland International Film Festival, and received critical acclaim. The film made $16.85 million during opening weekend, ranking third at the box office, and by the end of its run had grossed over $124 million worldwide. \"\"Coraline\"\" won Annie Awards for Best Music in an Animated Feature Production, Best Character Design in an Animated Feature Production and Best Production Design in an Animated Feature Production, and received Academy Award and Golden Globe nominations for Best Animated Feature. Coraline Jones and her parents move from Pontiac, Michigan, to their new home in Ashland, Oregon, the dilapidated Pink Palace Apartments. Her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3559335", "chunk_text": "\"Maria Charles\"\nThe Fourth Wall, The Good Old Days, La Ronde, Rogue's Gallery, Shine on Harvey Moon, Turn Out the Lights, The Ugliest Girl in Town, The Voice of the Turtle, and Sheppey. Maria Charles Maria Charles (born 22 September 1929) is an English film, television and stage actress, director and comedian. She is probably best known for her TV performance as the overbearing mother Bea Fisher in the ITV sitcom \"\"Agony\"\". Charles has also appeared on the stage in original West End productions including musicals by Stephen Sondheim, Charles Strouse and Sandy Wilson. Charles was born in London as Maria Zena", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6641718", "chunk_text": "\"John Linnell\"\nHand\"\" and David Byrne's \"\"Grown Backwards\"\". Linnell provided the singing voice for the Other Father character in the 2009 film \"\"Coraline\"\", for which They Might Be Giants wrote the \"\"Other Father Song\"\", included on the film's soundtrack. John Linnell is married and has one son, Henry, who appeared as a performer on They Might Be Giants' children's albums \"\"Here Come the ABCs\"\" and \"\"Here Come the 123s. In a \"\"People\"\" magazine online poll – \"\"The Most Beautiful People of 1998\"\" – John Linnell finished ninth (with 4,189 votes, eight ahead of Sarah Michelle Gellar, and 1,038 behind Madonna). He responded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16729235", "chunk_text": "\"Anna Faris\"\nAnna Faris Anna Kay Faris (; born November 29, 1976) is an American actress, voice artist, producer, podcaster and author. Faris rose to prominence for her work in comedic roles, particularly the lead part of Cindy Campbell in the \"\"Scary Movie\"\" films (2000–2006). Her other films include \"\"The Hot Chick\"\" (2002), \"\"Lost in Translation\"\" (2003), \"\"Just Friends\"\" (2005), \"\"Smiley Face\"\" (2007), \"\"The House Bunny\"\" (2008), \"\"What's Your Number?\"\" (2011), \"\"The Dictator\"\" (2012), and \"\"Overboard\"\" (2018). Faris has also had voice-over roles in the film franchises \"\"Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs\"\" (2009–2013) and \"\"Alvin and the Chipmunks\"\" (2009–2015), as well", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16939761", "chunk_text": "\"Jess Robinson\"\nJess Robinson Jess Robinson (born 1 February 1988 in London), is an English comedy actress, singer and impressionist. Robinson grew up in Aldbury, started out in theatre and trained at The Arts Educational School, Tring Park as a singer. She played Little Voice in \"\"The Rise and Fall of Little Voice\"\", by Jim Cartwright, at the Courtyard Theatre. Her role included imitating the voices of Judy Garland, Marlene Dietrich, Billie Holiday, Edith Piaf and Julie Andrews. Geraldine McNulty appeared as her mother, Marie Hoff. She then went on to perform in the last two series of \"\"Dead Ringers\"\" on BBC2.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20833202", "chunk_text": "Othermother\nstating that othermothers' participation in activist mothering demonstrates a rejection of individualism and adapts a different value system where ethics of caring and personal accountability move communities forward. Today, the concept of the othermother is present within the urban elementary schools, and African-American female educators play an integral role in fulfilling the psychological and educational needs of the urban child. Othermother \"\"For the fictional character \"\"Other Mother\"\", see Coraline\"\" An othermother is a woman caring for children who are not biologically her own. Othermothers are women, including mothers, who provide care for children who are not biologically their own. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5933577", "chunk_text": "\"Sonja Ball\"\nSonja Ball Sonja Ball (born October 20, 1956) is a Canadian voice actress. Ball is well known for her work as the voice of Arthur's Mother Jane Read in the PBS children's TV series \"\"Arthur\"\", Huckle Cat on \"\"The Busy World of Richard Scarry\"\", Polly Esther in the English version of \"\"Samurai Pizza Cats\"\", Nicole in the \"\"Madeline\"\" TV specials, and Marina and Hedwig in the English version of \"\"Adventures of the Little Mermaid\"\". She also did the voice for 5 year old Wimzie, the boisterous and happy go lucky bird-dragon, in the children's TV series \"\"Wimzie's House\"\". Ball is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4521833", "chunk_text": "\"Candace Hutson\"\nCandace Hutson Candy Hutson (born May 3, 1980) is an American actress, voice actress and television presenter, best known as the voice of Cera the \"\"Triceratops\"\" in \"\"The Land Before Time\"\" film series from the first film to \"\"\"\" (in , she was the only voice actor to reprise her role in this movie from the original The Land Before Time). She portrayed 'Baby Stephanie' (actually, a young girl), daughter of the characters Stephanie Vanderkellen and Michael Harris, in the final episode of \"\"Newhart\"\". She was a regular in the television situation comedy \"\"Evening Shade\"\". She voiced Mattie the Mouse", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1078776", "chunk_text": "\"Judith Barsi\"\nJudith Barsi Judith Eva Barsi (June 6, 1978 – July 25, 1988) was an American child actress of the 1980s. She began her career in television, making appearances in commercials and television shows, and later appeared in the films \"\"\"\", \"\"The Land Before Time\"\", and \"\"All Dogs Go to Heaven\"\", providing the voice for animated characters in the latter two. She and her mother, Maria, were both killed in July 1988 as a result of a double murder–suicide perpetrated by her father, József. Barsi’s father, József, fled Communist Hungary after the 1956 Soviet occupation. He relocated to New York in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20626827", "chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Saunders\"\nmillion in just three weeks in the U.S. Her role won the American People's Choice Award for the best movie villain in 2005. She voiced Miss Spink in the animated film \"\"Coraline\"\", in which her comedy partner Dawn French voiced a character called Miss Forcible. In 2015, she voiced Queen Elizabeth II in the animated film \"\"Minions,\"\" and in 2016, she voiced Miss Nana Noodleman in the animated film \"\"Sing\"\". Saunders married Adrian Edmondson on 11 May 1985, in Cheshire. They have three daughters: Eleanor \"\"Ella\"\" Rose (born 22 January 1986, Hammersmith, London), Beatrice \"\"Beattie\"\" Louise (born 19 June 1987),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4979044", "chunk_text": "\"Coraline (film)\"\nsister of Wybie's grandmother. They reveal that the Other Mother, whom they refer to as the Beldam, created and sent button-eyed rag dolls that resembled them in order to spy on their lives. With the promise of a better life, she lured them into the Other World, where she sewed buttons over their eyes and consumed their lives. To free their souls, their real eyes need to be found. Coraline promises to help. Coraline is suddenly rescued from the mirror by the Other Wybie, whose mouth has been stitched by the Beldam. He helps her escape back to the real", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1248506", "chunk_text": "\"The New Mother\"\ninto the woods and live on berries. Their real mother never returns and the new mother lives at the house instead. Neil Gaiman has acknowledged \"\"The New Mother\"\" as one of two major influences on his 2002 novella \"\"Coraline\"\". The New Mother \"\"The New Mother\"\" is a short story written by Lucy Clifford and first published in her collection of children's stories, \"\"The Anyhow Stories, Moral and Otherwise\"\" in 1882. The story has been reprinted in anthologies including \"\"The Dark Descent\"\" and rewritten at least once, in \"\"Scary Stories to Tell in the Dark\"\". The story concerns two well-behaved children,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14166880", "chunk_text": "\"Pauline Little\"\nand began acting soon after. She started in theatre and then moved on to movies and television, but later moved on to doing voice acting work for animation. She was married to actor and fellow Canadian Mark Camacho. Their son, Jesse Camacho, is also an actor, best known for the television series \"\"Less Than Kind\"\". Pauline Little Pauline Little ( born c. 1950) is a Scottish-born Canadian voice actress who currently resides in Montreal, Quebec. She voices Lulu's mother in \"\"The Little Lulu Show\"\", the twins Lotus and Jasmine in \"\"The Little Flying Bears\"\", \"\"Maya the Bee\"\", Francine in \"\"Samurai", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15859169", "chunk_text": "\"Neil Gaiman\"\nby Matthew Vaughn. A stop-motion version of \"\"Coraline\"\" was released on 6 February 2009, with Henry Selick directing and Dakota Fanning and Teri Hatcher in the leading voice-actor roles. In 2007, Gaiman it was announced that after ten years in development, the feature film of \"\"\"\" would finally begin production with a screenplay by Gaiman that he would direct for Warner Independent. Don Murphy and Susan Montford are the producers, and Guillermo del Toro is the film's executive producer. By 2010 it had been reported that it was no longer in production. Seeing Ear Theatre performed two of Gaiman's audio", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15228032", "chunk_text": "\"Évelyne Grandjean\"\nÉvelyne Grandjean Évelyne Grandjean (born 7 April 1939 in Versailles) is a French stage, cinematic and television actress, playwright and television writer, and radio host. She has been also a prolific voice actress for many French-dubbed versions of foreign films and TV series, including \"\"\"\" (as Spot, Princess and Nanny), \"\"Alfred J. Kwak\"\" (as Kwak), \"\"The Animals of Farthing Wood\"\" (as Adder the Snake), \"\"Around the World in Eighty Dreams\"\" (as Grandma Tadpole), \"\"Babar\"\" (as Celeste), \"\"A Bug's Life\"\" (as Dr. Flora), \"\"The Cat Returns\"\" (as Natoru), \"\"Chicken Run\"\" (as Bunty), \"\"\"\" (as Fairy Godmother), \"\"Cutey Honey\"\" (as Sister Jill),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9390936", "chunk_text": "\"Coraline (film)\"\nCoraline (film) Coraline is a 2009 American 3D stop-motion animated dark fantasy horror film based on Neil Gaiman's 2002 novel of the same name. It is the first feature film produced by Laika, and is distributed by Focus Features. The film depicts an adventurous girl finding an idealized parallel world behind a secret door in her new home, unaware that the alternative world contains a dark and sinister secret. Written and directed by Henry Selick, the film was made with Gaiman's approval and co-operation. The film was released in United States theaters on February 6, 2009, after a world premiere", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9390939", "chunk_text": "\"Coraline (film)\"\nOther World, inhabited by button-eyed doppelgängers of people from her world. Coraline meets the Other Mother and Other Father, who are much more attentive and entertaining than her real parents. After dinner, she goes to sleep in her Other Bedroom, but awakes in her real bedroom. Despite cryptic warnings from her neighbors, Coraline visits the Other World three times, where she meets the Other Mr. Bobinsky, who performs a mice circus, the Other Miss Spink and Miss Forcible, who perform a never-ending burlesque act and the Other Wybie, who is mute. Despite having no Other World counterpart, the black cat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13519933", "chunk_text": "\"Maria Charles\"\nMaria Charles Maria Charles (born 22 September 1929) is an English film, television and stage actress, director and comedian. She is probably best known for her TV performance as the overbearing mother Bea Fisher in the ITV sitcom \"\"Agony\"\". Charles has also appeared on the stage in original West End productions including musicals by Stephen Sondheim, Charles Strouse and Sandy Wilson. Charles was born in London as Maria Zena Schneider, the daughter of David and Celia Schneider. Maria Charles has had an exceptionally long acting career that spans over seven decades. She made her stage debut as the Dormouse in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5964014", "chunk_text": "Coraline\nOther Mother will not let them go, so Coraline tricks the Other Mother by announcing that she knows where her parents are hidden: in the passageway between the worlds. The Other Mother cannot resist gloating by opening the door to show Coraline that her parents are not there. When the Other Mother opens the door Coraline throws the cat at the Other Mother, grabs the snow globe, and escapes to the real world with the key, and the cat quickly follows. While escaping, Coraline forces the door shut on the Other Mother's hand. Back in her home, Coraline falls asleep", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3528679", "chunk_text": "\"Miriam Margolyes\"\nthe coming week.\"\" Author and comedian David Walliams says he used Margolyes as a model for the title character in his children's book \"\"Awful Auntie\"\" after a rude exchange with the actress during a stage production. He stresses that he has nothing against Margolyes and is a fan of her work. Miriam Margolyes Miriam Margolyes, (; born 18 May 1941) is a British-Australian actress and voice artist. Her earliest roles were in theatre and after several supporting roles in film and television she won a BAFTA Award for her role in \"\"The Age of Innocence\"\" (1993) and went on to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19404943", "chunk_text": "\"Sydney Forest\"\nhas credited her inspirations to be from Charles Dickens to Honoré de Balzac, even Dr. Seuss and to Shel Silverstein. Later on, Forest appeared on the Warner Bros. network TV series \"\"Popular\"\" in which she had performed her own songs as melodic interludes. Television Episode: \"\"The Phantom Menace\"\" (1999) (Role: Herself) Sydney Forest Sydney Forest is an American composer and musician. Her music has been featured in several films, notably Studio Ghibli's English dub of \"\"Kiki's Delivery Service\"\". Born in San Diego, Sydney Forest is the daughter of Gayla Peevey (who became famous in her childhood for singing the novelty", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15795406", "chunk_text": "\"Naomi Stevens\"\nNaomi Stevens Naomi Stevens (November 29, 1925 – January 13, 2018) was an American character actress of film and television from the 1950s through the 1980s. She appeared in almost 100 roles over the years, usually depicting mothers, landladies, gossips, or neighbors. Her most frequent characterizations were Italian, Jewish, Latin, or East European, and usually with a comic touch. She appeared in many television series and in such feature films as \"\"Valley of the Dolls\"\", \"\"Buona Sera, Mrs. Campbell\"\", and, most notably, in \"\"The Apartment\"\" as Mrs. Dreyfus, the supportive \"\"Jewish mother\"\" type to Shirley MacLaine's character, Fran Kubelik. Naomi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9390940", "chunk_text": "\"Coraline (film)\"\nis able to speak in the Other World. The Other Mother invites Coraline to stay forever, under the condition that a pair of buttons will be sewn over her eyes. Terrified, Coraline attempts to flee, but the Other Mother sees through her plan and blocks all the exits to the real world. The cat reappears and reveals to her the sinister truth about the Other World and the Other Mother. The Other Mother, appearing taller, thinner and more grotesque, then \"\"disciplines\"\" Coraline by imprisoning her behind a mirror. There, Coraline meets the ghosts of previous victims, including the missing twin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18844040", "chunk_text": "\"Susanne Blakeslee\"\nSusanne Blakeslee Susanne Ann Blakeslee (also known as Susan Blakeslee, Suzanne Blakeslee, and Suzanne Blakesley; born January 27, 1956) is an American voice actress and musical theatre actress. Among her notable roles are the voices of Timmy Turner's fairy godmother Wanda and his mother Mrs. Turner on Nickelodeon's \"\"The Fairly OddParents\"\"; and as the voice of Maleficent in the \"\"Kingdom Hearts\"\" video game series and \"\"Disney media\"\". She also does voices of Lady Tremaine, Queen Grimhilde, Cruella de Vil, and Madame Leota in Disney direct-to-video sequels, theme parks and merchandise. In 2012, Blakeslee won an Ovation Award for Lead Actress", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3228615", "chunk_text": "\"Edie McClurg\"\nPyramid\"\", \"\"Password Plus\"\", and \"\"Super Password\"\". McClurg contributed assorted voices for \"\"The Jetsons\"\", \"\"The Snorks\"\", \"\"Life with Louie\"\", \"\"A Bug's Life\"\", \"\"Justin and the Knights of Valour\"\", \"\"Cars\"\" and \"\"Cars 2\"\". She voiced Carlotta in \"\"The Little Mermaid\"\", Mary in \"\"Wreck-It Ralph\"\", Molly in \"\"Home on the Range\"\", Miss Right in \"\"The Secret of NIMH\"\", the Dragon in the \"\"Nightmare Ned\"\" video game, Barsa in \"\"Kiki's Delivery Service\"\", Fran on \"\"Higglytown Heroes\"\", Mrs. Claus in \"\"\"\", Grandma Taters in \"\"\"\", Violet Stimpleton in \"\"Rocket Power\"\", Bea's mother in \"\"Fish Hooks\"\", Winnie Pig in \"\"\"\", Aunt Ruth in \"\"Bobby's World\"\" and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10798111", "chunk_text": "\"Rosetta LeNoire\"\nincluding Ossie Davis and Ruby Dee, Geoffrey Holder and Carmen de Lavallade, Leslie Uggams, Maurice Hines, Phylicia Rashad, Woodie King Jr., Dionne Warwick, and George C. Wolfe. Rosetta LeNoire Rosetta LeNoire (born Rosetta Olive Burton; August 8, 1911 – March 17, 2002) was an American stage, screen, and television actress, as well as a Broadway producer and casting agent. LeNoire is known to contemporary audiences for her work in television. She had regular roles on the series \"\"Gimme a Break!\"\" and \"\"Amen\"\" but she may be best known for her role as Estelle \"\"Mother Winslow\"\" (Carl's mother) on \"\"Family Matters\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10398849", "chunk_text": "\"Bryn McAuley\"\nBryn McAuley Bryn Lauren McAuley (born June 6, 1989) is a Canadian actress, voice actress and singer. She is best known for playing Caillou on the television series of the same name, Anne Shirley on , Gina Lash in \"\"Angela Anaconda\"\", Skye Blue in \"\"Carl²\"\", Becky Lopez in \"\"George Shrinks\"\", Harriet in \"\"Franklin\"\", Laney Penn in \"\"Grojband\"\", Suzi in \"\"Camp Lakebottom\"\", Quills in \"\"Numb Chucks\"\", Amy and Samey in \"\"\"\", Taylor in \"\"\"\" and Mavis Dracula in \"\"\"\". McAuley began acting as a child, initially onscreen in various Canadian feature films, alongside other young Canadian actors Michael Cera and Alison", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13706309", "chunk_text": "\"Rosetta LeNoire\"\nRosetta LeNoire Rosetta LeNoire (born Rosetta Olive Burton; August 8, 1911 – March 17, 2002) was an American stage, screen, and television actress, as well as a Broadway producer and casting agent. LeNoire is known to contemporary audiences for her work in television. She had regular roles on the series \"\"Gimme a Break!\"\" and \"\"Amen\"\" but she may be best known for her role as Estelle \"\"Mother Winslow\"\" (Carl's mother) on \"\"Family Matters\"\", which ran from 1989 to 1998. In 1999, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts. As a young girl, LeNoire suffered from rickets, which her godfather,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "990506", "chunk_text": "\"Mitzi McCall\"\nKFSD-TV in San Diego, California. McCall also performed in productions at the Pittsburgh Playhouse. She was a performer on \"\"Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In\"\". McCall was also a series regular on television series such as \"\"Life Goes On\"\" and \"\"Silk Stalkings\"\" (where she appeared as the wife of Brill's character), On animated series, she provided the voice of Auntie Marina in \"\"Snorks\"\", the voice of Mother Goose in \"\"Mother Goose and Grimm,\"\" the voice of Sylvia Jenkins in \"\"Free for All\"\", and a variety of voices on \"\"The Paw Paws\"\". She played Miriam Lerner on \"\"Alright Already\"\". Other credits include guest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2193527", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Scheer\"\n\"\"Everygirl\"\"). In season four, she became \"\"MXC\"\"'s supervising producer. Scheer also appeared on the Jennette McCurdy web series \"\"What's Next for Sarah?\"\" as Sarah's therapist. Mary Scheer Mary Scheer is an American actress, comedian, screenwriter and producer. She is best known as one of the original cast members of the sketch comedy series \"\"MADtv\"\" and for playing Freddie's mother, Marissa Benson, on \"\"iCarly\"\". She also played Alice the Zookeeper on \"\"The Penguins of Madagascar\"\". She played Gladys on Disney Channel's TV series, \"\"Bunk'd\"\". She is known for playing comedic characters in sitcoms and movies. Scheer was one of the original", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6229736", "chunk_text": "\"Dakota Fanning\"\nlonely life and troubled relationship with her father by running away with her caregiver and only friend (played by Jennifer Hudson) to a South Carolina town where they are taken in by an eccentric trio of beekeeping sisters (played by Queen Latifah, Sophie Okonedo, and Alicia Keys). Her films, horror animation \"\"Coraline\"\" and science fiction thriller \"\"Push\"\", were released on the same day, February 6, 2009. In March 2008, upon the original creation of the film adaptation Dakota and Elle Fanning were cast to play Kate and Anna respectively in the film \"\"My Sister's Keeper\"\". However, when Dakota heard that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2800192", "chunk_text": "\"Sirena Irwin\"\nSirena Irwin Sirena Irwin (born September 26, 1977) is an actress and voice actress whose credits include Nancy Suzy Fish and Margaret SquarePants on the American animated television series, \"\"SpongeBob SquarePants\"\". She also voiced Mama Krabs in the episodes \"\"Enemy In-Law\"\" and \"\"Friend or Foe\"\" among many others and also voiced Squilvia in \"\"Love that Squid\"\" (SpongeBob SquarePants). She was a series regular on Stan Lee's \"\"Stripperella\"\" as Persephone Cliche and has guest and co-starred in multiple television shows. She was a lead in \"\"The Trip\"\", a popular gay film. She also provided the voices for Mera and Lois Lane", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8107980", "chunk_text": "\"Vivienne Chandler\"\nVivienne Chandler Vivienne Chandler (November 6, 1947 – June 6, 2013) was a retired English-French actress who became a professional photographer following her acting career. Chandler made her first appearance on TV in \"\"ITV Playhouse\"\" in 1970, but immediately began acting minor parts in a number of major early 1970s films including \"\"Lust for a Vampire\"\", \"\"Duck, You Sucker!\"\" and Stanley Kubrick's \"\"A Clockwork Orange\"\". She appeared in several small roles in the 1980s, including portraying Chantale (the mother) in the music video for the 1983 song \"\"The Smile Has Left Your Eyes\"\" by the rock band Asia. She was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16628516", "chunk_text": "\"Mindy Sterling\"\nMindy Sterling Mindy Lee Sterling (born July 11, 1953) is an American actress and voice actress. Among her most prominent roles are Frau Farbissina in the \"\"Austin Powers\"\" series of comedy films, Principal Susan Skidmore on the Disney Channel series \"\"A.N.T. Farm\"\", Ms. Endive in the Cartoon Network series \"\"Chowder\"\", and on Nickelodeon as Lin Beifong in \"\"The Legend of Korra\"\", and Miss Francine Briggs on \"\"iCarly\"\". Sterling was born in Paterson, New Jersey. Her father is actor and comedian Dick Sterling. Her mother was a dancer. She has one brother, Mark Sterling. She is Jewish. Around 1973, Sterling landed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5964013", "chunk_text": "Coraline\nher parents, and the ghost children may go free. If she loses, then Coraline will let the Other Mother sew the buttons into her eyes and become a loving daughter to her. The Other Mother agrees and they both swear on their right hands. Coraline searches through the Other World and overcomes the Other Mother's obstacles by using her wits and Miss Spink's lucky stone to find the marble-like souls of the ghost children. She also deduces that her parents are imprisoned in a snow globe on the mantelpiece. The ghost children warn her that even if Coraline wins, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "608413", "chunk_text": "\"Joe Ranft\"\nSelick's animated film production \"\"Coraline\"\", the moving SUV that moves Coraline into her new apartment is emblazoned with a \"\"Ranft Moving, Inc.\"\" logo. The movers themselves are modeled after Ranft and his brother Jerome; Jerome Ranft voiced one of the movers. In the 2010 DVD re-release of \"\"Toy Story 2\"\", there is a special feature that talks about Ranft and his life and accomplishments. Following his death in 2005, most of Ranft's voice roles were taken up by his younger brother Jerome Ranft. Joe Ranft Joseph Henry Ranft (March 13, 1960 – August 16, 2005) was an American screenwriter, comedian,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13577263", "chunk_text": "\"Diana Sowle\"\nDiana Sowle Diana Mae Sowle (née Laumer; June 19, 1930 – October 19, 2018) was an American actress of film and theater and voice artist, best known for playing Mrs. Bucket (Charlie Bucket's mother) in the 1971 film \"\"Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory\"\" and her performance of \"\"Cheer up Charlie\"\" in that film, although her voice in the song was dubbed by Diana Lee. Sowle joined the cast while in Germany, where it was filmed. At the time of her death in 2018, she was the last surviving parent from the film. Sowle's death left three remaining adult cast", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15695555", "chunk_text": "Arrietty\nincluded Will Arnett, Amy Poehler, Carol Burnett, and David Henrie. The film had a different voice cast for the United Kingdom release. The cast included Saoirse Ronan, Tom Holland, Mark Strong, Olivia Colman, Phyllida Law, and Geraldine McEwan. \"\"Arrietty's Song\"\" is a song performed by French recording artist musician Cécile Corbel. Corbel also performed the film's theme song, \"\"Arrietty's Song\"\", in Japanese, English, German, Italian and Breton. Corbel became known to Ghibli filmmakers when she sent them a fan letter showing her appreciation of their films, together with a copy of her own album. After hearing the album of her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3911200", "chunk_text": "\"Miriam Flynn\"\nMiriam Flynn Miriam Flynn (born June 18, 1952) is an American voice actress and character actress. She is best known as Cousin Catherine in the \"\"National Lampoon's Vacation\"\" and Grandma Longneck in \"\"The Land Before Time\"\" franchises. She has acted in other films and in several television series, the latter including a recurring role as Sister Helen on the Fox/WB sitcom \"\"Grounded for Life\"\". Before breaking into television, Flynn was a member of The Second City improv troupe in 1975. She appeared on stage alongside Shelley Long, George Wendt, Andrea Martin, Catherine O'Hara, and James Belushi. Flynn was a regular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15934287", "chunk_text": "\"Caroline Crawford\"\nat the start of 1979. In addition she released two albums, \"\"My Name Is Caroline\"\" (1978) and \"\"Nice And Soulful\"\" (1979), both produced by Bohannon. In 1989 (using the spelling Carolyn) she joined Ian Levine's Motorcity project and recorded the album \"\"Heartaches\"\", including the single \"\"Timeless\"\" which later became a favourite on the UK Northern soul circuit. She was reported to be still performing (as Caroline Crawford) in Detroit clubs in 2007. Crawford has also worked as an actress in recent years. She voiced the character of Mrs. Lovat in the 2009 stop-motion film \"\"Coraline\"\", and appeared in the TV", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_242	how many tornado planes does the uk have?	n/a	[ "138" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12917571", "chunk_text": "Tornado\nof tornadoes, measured by unit area of land, than any other country in the world. Unsettled conditions and weather fronts transverse the Islands at all times of the years and are responsible for spawning the tornadoes, which consequently form at all times of the year. The United Kingdom has at least 34 tornadoes per year and possibly as many as 50, more than any other country in the world relative to its land area. Most tornadoes in the United Kingdom are weak, but they are occasionally destructive. For example, the Birmingham tornado of 2005 and the London tornado of 2006", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13514350", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nairstrike was conducted the next day, when two Tornados hit a heavy weapons post and an armored vehicle in the process of supporting Kurdish forces in northwest Iraq. By 1 March 2015, eight RAF Tornados had been deployed to Akrotiri and conducted 159 airstrikes against IS targets in Iraq. On the 1 September 2018, 2 Tornado GR.4's departed RAF Conningsby for the final time. On the 2 December 2015, the British Parliament voted to begin air strikes in Syria as well as Iraq, to combat the growing threat of ISIS. Tornados began their bombing that evening. On 14 April 2018,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2232244", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado ADV\"\nbases that same year. As part of \"\"Delivering Security in a Changing World\"\", the British Government's 2003 Defence White Paper, on 21 July 2004, Defence Secretary Geoff Hoon detailed plans to reduce the number of Tornado F3 squadrons by one to three squadrons. This represented 16 aircraft and was the first stage in the transition to the F3's replacement, the Eurofighter Typhoon, which entered operational service with the RAF in 2005. In April 2009, it was announced that the Tornado F3 force would be reduced to one squadron of 12 aircraft in September 2009. The last operational Tornado F3s in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13514304", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nPanavia Tornado The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine, variable-sweep wing multirole combat aircraft, which was jointly developed and manufactured by Italy, the United Kingdom, and West Germany. There are three primary Tornado variants: the Tornado IDS (interdictor/strike) fighter-bomber, the suppression of enemy air defences Tornado ECR (electronic combat/reconnaissance) and the Tornado ADV (air defence variant) interceptor aircraft. The Tornado was developed and built by Panavia Aircraft GmbH, a tri-national consortium consisting of British Aerospace (previously British Aircraft Corporation), MBB of West Germany, and Aeritalia of Italy. It first flew on 14 August 1974 and was introduced into service", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14301351", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nbombs were deployed in total (roughly half each) and over 3,000 27 mm cannon shells were fired. Prior to the 2010 Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR)'s publication, the retirement of the entire Tornado fleet was under consideration, savings of £7.5 billion were anticipated. The SDSR announced the Tornado would be retained at the expense of the Harrier II, although Tornado numbers are to decline in transition to the Eurofighter Typhoon, and later on, the F-35 Lightning II. On 18 March 2011, British Prime Minister David Cameron announced the deployment of Tornados and Typhoons to enforce a no-fly zone in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7229419", "chunk_text": "\"Climate of the United Kingdom\"\nthe time of the tragedy), the ultimate failure is believed to have been caused by two or three waterspouts which were sighted close to the bridge immediately before the accident. A tornado also developed in London on 3 July 2007. The UK also holds the title for the highest known 'outbreak' of tornadoes outside of the United States. The largest tornado outbreak in Britain is also the largest tornado outbreak known anywhere in Europe. On 23 November 1981, 105 tornadoes were spawned by a cold front in the space of 5.25 hours. Excepting Derbyshire, every county in a triangular area", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2676683", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nAlthough the ADV had 80% parts commonality with the Tornado IDS, the ADV had greater acceleration, improved RB199 Mk.104 engines, a stretched body, greater fuel capacity, the AI.24 Foxhunter radar, and software changes. It had only one cannon to accommodate a retractable inflight refuelling probe. Panavia Tornado The Panavia Tornado is a family of twin-engine, variable-sweep wing multirole combat aircraft, which was jointly developed and manufactured by Italy, the United Kingdom, and West Germany. There are three primary Tornado variants: the Tornado IDS (interdictor/strike) fighter-bomber, the suppression of enemy air defences Tornado ECR (electronic combat/reconnaissance) and the Tornado ADV (air", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17257313", "chunk_text": "\"Al-Yamamah arms deal\"\nand Saudi Arabia. Although the full extent of the deal has never been fully clarified, it has been described as \"\"the biggest [UK] sale ever of anything to anyone\"\", \"\"staggering both by its sheer size and complexity\"\". At a minimum, it is believed to involve the supply and support of 96 Panavia Tornado ground attack aircraft, 24 Air Defence Variants (ADVs), 50 BAE Hawk and 50 Pilatus PC-9 aircraft, specialised naval vessels, and various infrastructure works. The initial Memorandum of Understanding committed the UK to purchasing the obsolete Lightning and Strikemaster aircraft, along with associated equipment and spare parts. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19186995", "chunk_text": "\"Birmingham tornado of 2005\"\nThere were no fatalities, although there were approximately 19 injuries, three of which were reported to be serious. The tornado uprooted an estimated 1000 trees, removed the roofs of buildings, picked up and deposited cars and caused other damage during its short existence. The total cost of damage has been put at £40 million, making it the most costly tornado in British history. While the United Kingdom has more reported tornadoes, relative to its land area, than any other country excluding the Netherlands, the vast majority are weak. The strongest recorded tornado in the country struck Portsmouth on 14 December", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2676677", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nthe RSAF's Tornados had been withdrawn from service. As of 2010, Saudi Arabia has signed several contracts for new weapon systems to be fitted to their Tornado and Typhoon fleets, such as the short range air-to-air IRIS-T missile, and the Brimstone and Storm Shadow cruise missiles. In September 2006, the Saudi government signed a contract worth £2.5 billion (US$4.7 billion) with BAE Systems to upgrade up to 80 RSAF Tornado IDS aircraft to keep them in service until 2020. RSAF Tornado 6612 was returned to BAE Systems Warton in December 2006 for upgrade under the \"\"Tornado Sustainment Programme\"\" (TSP), which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14301356", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nand Tornado GR4A. The first of 228 GR1s was delivered on 5 June 1979, and the type entered service in the early 1980s. A total of 142 aircraft were upgraded to GR4 standard from 1997 to 2003. The Tornado GR1B was a specialised anti-shipping variant of the GR1. A total of 26 were converted, which were based at RAF Lossiemouth, Scotland, replacing the Blackburn Buccaneer. Each aircraft was equipped to carry up to four Sea Eagle anti-ship missiles. At first the GR1B lacked the radar capability to track shipping, instead relying on the missile's seeker for target acquisition, later updates", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2959716", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado ADV\"\nproved unattractive to the other European partners on the Tornado project, thus the UK elected to proceed in its development alone. On 4 March 1976, the development of the Tornado ADV was formally approved; it was announced on this day that 165 of the 385 Tornados that were on order for the RAF would be of the Tornado ADV variant. In 1976, British Aerospace was contracted to provide three prototype aircraft. The first prototype was rolled out at Warton on 9 August 1979, before making its maiden flight on 27 October 1979 with David Eagles. The second and third development", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "527602", "chunk_text": "\"Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment\"\nplanes. When the TTTE was established, the RAF was concerned it may not have enough trained pilots to fly the planes, due to poor recruitment and perceived low pay. The memorandum of understanding establishing the unit was signed in 1979 by the United Kingdom, Germany and Italy and the unit came into existence on 29 January 1981 with Sir Michael Beetham in attendance. The first RAF Tornados arrived at the base on 1 July 1980; Luftwaffe Tornados arrived on 2 September 1980; and Italian Tornados arrived much later on 5 April 1982. Allocation of aircraft was Germany: 23, UK: 19,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13514349", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nTornado GR4s to RAF Akrotiri, Cyprus in support of refugees sheltering from Islamic State militants in the Mount Sinjar region of Iraq. The decision came three days after the United States began conducting air attacks against the Islamic State. Tornados were pre-positioned to use their surveillance capabilities to gather situational awareness to help with humanitarian efforts. On 29 September 2014, three days after Parliament approved of airstrikes against Islamic State forces inside Iraq, two Tornados conducted their first armed reconnaissance mission over the country, in conjunction with other coalition aircraft, and were cleared to conduct airstrikes if needed. Britain's first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7229417", "chunk_text": "\"Climate of the United Kingdom\"\nEngland. In 2011, the remnants of Hurricane Katia passed over northwestern Scotland with winds near . It is internationally recognised that the United Kingdom has a higher incidence of tornadoes, measured by unit area of land, than any other country in the world. Dr T. Theodore Fujita (inventor of the Fujita scale), an American meteorologist, was the first to recognise the UK as the top site for tornadoes in 1973. The United Kingdom has at least 33 tornadoes per year, more than any other country in the world relative to its land area. Although most tornadoes are weak, there are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14301296", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nThe Tornados of various services were also used in conflicts in the former Yugoslavia during the Bosnian War and Kosovo War, the Iraq War, Libya during the Libyan civil war, as well as smaller roles in Afghanistan, Yemen, and Syria. Including all variants, 992 aircraft were built. During the 1960s, aeronautical designers looked to variable-geometry wing designs to gain the manoeuvrability and efficient cruise of straight wings with the speed of swept wing designs. The United Kingdom had cancelled the procurement of the TSR-2 and subsequent F-111K aircraft, and was still looking for a replacement for its Avro Vulcan and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17341207", "chunk_text": "\"1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak\"\n1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak The 1981 United Kingdom tornado outbreak is regarded as the largest recorded tornado outbreak in European history. In the span of 5 hours and 26 minutes during the late morning and early afternoon of 23 November 1981, 104 confirmed tornadoes touched down across Wales and central, northern and eastern England. Although the majority of tornadoes were very weak, measuring F0 on the Fujita scale, widespread property damage was reported, mainly from the small number of tornadoes which intensified to F1 and F2 strength. By the end of the outbreak, hundreds of properties across the country", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14301350", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nseveral GR4s arrived at Kandahar airfield, Afghanistan to replace the Harrier GR7/9 aircraft deployed there since November 2004. In 2009, Paveway IV guided bombs were brought into service on the RAF's Tornados, having been previously used in Afghanistan by the Harrier II fleet. In Summer 2010, extra Tornados were dispatched to Kandahar for the duration of the 2010 Afghan election. British Tornados ended their operations in Afghanistan in November 2014. They flew over 5,000 pairs sorties over 33,500 hours, including 600 \"\"shows of force\"\" to deter Taliban attacks. During more than 70 engagements, some 140 Brimstone missiles and Paveway IV", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13514351", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nfour Tornado fighters, launched from RAF Akrotiri in Cyprus, struck a Syrian military facility with Storm Shadow cruise missiles in response of a suspected chemical attack on Douma by the Syrian regime the previous week. On 25 September 1985, the UK and Saudi Arabia signed the Al Yamamah I contract including, amongst other things, the sale of 48 IDS and 24 ADV model Tornados. The first flight of a RSAF Tornado IDS was on 26 March 1986, and the first Saudi ADV was delivered on 9 February 1989. Saudi Tornados undertook operations during the Gulf War. In June 1993 the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16903468", "chunk_text": "\"RAF Lossiemouth\"\nFormer airfield dispersals are also evident in the same vicinity. During the Second World War the airfield was defended with eight pillboxes, at least six of them Type 27 pillboxes, one rectangular and the other Type 22 or Type 24. BAE Systems operate the Typhoon Training Facility (North), which is home to four Emulated Deployable Cockpit Trainer (EDCT) flight simulators. The expansion of the facility from two to four EDCTs was completed in April 2018. During the Tornado's tenure at Lossiemouth, the station was home to two Tornado GR4 flight simulators, operated by Thales UK. Aviation fuel is supplied to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "527606", "chunk_text": "\"Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment\"\nnational training schemes. Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment The Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment (TTTE) was a multinational air unit based at RAF Cottesmore in Rutland, England, from 1981 to 1999. It performed training on the Panavia Tornado for the Royal Air Force, Luftwaffe and Italian Air Force. Initially, pilots received four weeks of training on the ground, followed by nine weeks in the air. The Tornado was first shown to the British public on 14 April 1978 at RAF Boscombe Down. The RAF planned to buy 220 of them, and 165 of the ADV variant. 809 for all three countries had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2653009", "chunk_text": "\"Eurofighter Typhoon\"\nto wait for its full complement of aircraft. This arrangement would mirror the diversion of RAF Tornados to the Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF). \"\"The Times\"\" also reported that such an arrangement would make the UK purchase of its Tranche 3 commitments more likely. On 17 September 2007, Saudi Arabia confirmed it had signed a GB£4.43 billion contract for 72 aircraft. 24 aircraft would be at the Tranche 2 build standard, previously destined for the UK RAF, the first being delivered in 2008. The remaining 48 aircraft were to be assembled in Saudi Arabia and delivered from 2011, but following", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2676665", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nState. The four aircraft will be used for reconnaissance missions only. Nicknamed the \"\"Tonka\"\" by the British, the Tornado made its combat debut as part of the British contribution to the Gulf War in 1991. Operation Granby saw nearly 60 RAF GR1s deploy to air bases at Muharraq in Bahrain and Tabuk and Dhahran in Saudi Arabia. Several Tornado ADVs were deployed to provide air cover, the threat of their long range missiles being a significant deterrent to Iraqi pilots, who would deliberately avoid combat when approached. Early on in the conflict, the GR1s targeted military airfields across Iraq, deploying", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18664377", "chunk_text": "\"Yorkshire Air Museum\"\nwith aerospace manufacturers and organisations via its long term \"\"Reach for the Sky\"\" project which delivered the first KS2 History of Aviation educational resource book to all 26,000 primary schools in UK, supported by RAeS and the Ministry of Transport. The Museum has around 50 aircraft spanning the development of aviation from 1853 up to the latest GR4 Tornado. Several aircraft including Victor, Nimrod, Buccaneer, Sea Devon, SE5a, Eastchurch Kitten; DC3 Dakota; are kept live and operated on special \"\"Thunder Days\"\" during the year. Over 20 historic vehicles and a Registered Archive containing over 500,000 historic artefacts and documents are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "527600", "chunk_text": "\"Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment\"\nTri-National Tornado Training Establishment The Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment (TTTE) was a multinational air unit based at RAF Cottesmore in Rutland, England, from 1981 to 1999. It performed training on the Panavia Tornado for the Royal Air Force, Luftwaffe and Italian Air Force. Initially, pilots received four weeks of training on the ground, followed by nine weeks in the air. The Tornado was first shown to the British public on 14 April 1978 at RAF Boscombe Down. The RAF planned to buy 220 of them, and 165 of the ADV variant. 809 for all three countries had been ordered, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14301303", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\npoint the aircraft was intended solely for the low-level strike mission, where it was viewed as a viable threat to Soviet defences in that role. It was at this point that Britain's Chief of the Defence Staff announced \"\"\"\"two-thirds of the fighting front line will be composed of this single, basic aircraft type\"\"\"\". The first of more than a dozen Tornado prototypes took flight on 14 August 1974 at Manching, Germany; the pilot, Paul Millett stated of the occasion: \"\"Aircraft handling was delightful... the actual flight went so smoothly that I did begin to wonder whether this was not yet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3799413", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado ADV\"\nPanavia Tornado ADV The Panavia Tornado Air Defence Variant (ADV) is a long-range, twin-engine interceptor version of the swing-wing Panavia Tornado. The aircraft's first flight was on 27 October 1979, and it entered service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) in 1986. It was also previously operated by the Italian Air Force (AMI) and the Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF). The Tornado ADV was originally designed to intercept Soviet bombers as they were traversing across the North Sea with the aim of preventing a successful air-launched nuclear attack against the United Kingdom. In this capacity, it was equipped with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10580546", "chunk_text": "\"No. 2 Squadron RAF\"\non 31 March 2015 as a Tornado squadron at Marham, and reactivate the following day (1 April 2015) as a Eurofighter Typhoon squadron at RAF Lossiemouth in Scotland. However, in October 2014, Prime Minister David Cameron said that the Squadron's disbandment and reformation would be put on hold to allow Tornados to continue supporting strikes against ISIS. As a consequence of this new plan, the new No. 2 Squadron formed at Lossiemouth on 12 January 2015, with the old No. 2 Squadron at Marham being re-designated as No. 12 Squadron. During October and November 2016, four No. 2 Squadron Typhoons", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14503408", "chunk_text": "\"No. 99 Squadron RAF\"\nin Afghanistan, and the Invasion of Iraq (\"\"Operation Telic\"\"). More routine tasks have gone largely unpublicised, for example the replacement of 1435 Flight's Tornado F3s in the Falkland Islands. Previously the RAF had to lease commercial heavy lifters such as the Antonov An-124 to return the aircraft to the UK, or launch a major logistical effort to allow a ferry flight. In any case the C-17 has proved invaluable to the RAF, so much so that the original seven-year lease has been bought out, and an additional aircraft was purchased. On 26 July 2007, the order for a sixth was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14976156", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Royal Air Force\"\n(2014–present) as well as carry out surveillance missions in Syria. In 2011 the RAF played a significant role in the NATO intervention in Libya. The British participation was codenamed Operation Ellamy and the RAF contribution involved the deployment of Typhoon multirole fighters, Tornado GR4 interdictor/strike aircraft, Sentry AEW.1 AWACS aircraft, a Nimrod R1 signals intelligence aircraft, a Sentinel R1 airborne standoff radar aircraft, VC10 air-to-air refuelling tankers and TriStar air-to-air refuelling tankers. In 2004, four RAF Panavia Tornado F.3s deployed to the Baltic States for three months to provide the British contribution to the NATO-led Baltic Air Policing operation and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2676667", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\ndeployment, the UK sent out a detachment of Blackburn Buccaneer aircraft equipped with the Pave Spike laser designator, allowing Tornado GR1s to drop precision guided weapons. A further crash programme in support of the sudden military action saw multiple GR1s outfitted with the TIALD laser designation system; author Claus-Christian Szejnmann declared that the TIALD pod enabled the GR1 to \"\"achieve probably the most accurate bombing in the RAF's history\"\". Although laser designation proved effective in the Gulf War, only 23 TIALD pods were purchased by 2000; shortages hindered combat operations over Kosovo. Following the initial phase of the war, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18921956", "chunk_text": "Consortium\na tri-national consortium consisting of British Aerospace (previously British Aircraft Corporation), MBB of West Germany, and Aeritalia of Italy. It first flew on 14 August 1974 and was introduced into service in 1979–1980. Due to its multirole design, it was able to replace several different fleets of aircraft in the adopting air forces. The Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF) became the only export operator of the Tornado in addition to the three original partner nations. Including all variants, 992 aircraft were built. \"\"Coopetition\"\" is a word coined from cooperation and competition. It is used when companies otherwise competitors collaborate in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13514348", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nLibya. In March 2011, several Tornados flew strike missions against targets inside Libya in what were, according to Defence Secretary Liam Fox, \"\"the longest range bombing mission conducted by the RAF since the Falklands conflict\"\". A variety of weapons were used in operations over Libya, including Laser-guided bombs and Brimstone missiles. 59 RAF aircraft are receiving the CUSP avionics upgrade which achieved Initial Service Date (ISD) in March 2013 and the type will be withdrawn from RAF service on 31 March 2019. On 11 August 2014, a Cabinet Office Briefing Room (COBR) emergency meeting concluded that the RAF would deploy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19942625", "chunk_text": "\"Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II procurement\"\nto equip the carrier fleet, but a final figure of F-35 purchases would not be decided until the Strategic Defence and Security Review in 2015 — it was also suggested that the UK may later purchase F-35A variants to replace the country's Eurofighter Typhoon fleet. In November 2015, the Chancellor George Osborne announced that the UK will order the full original total of 138 F-35 aircraft to equip the Royal Navy's two new Queen Elizabeth-class aircraft carriers. The aircraft will also be used by the Royal Air Force over time, and be one of the replacements for the Panavia Tornado.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14301309", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nannounced that the RAF's Tornado fleet had flown collectively over one million flying hours. Aviation author John Lake noted that: \"\"The Trinational Panavia Consortium produced just short of 1,000 Tornados, making it one of the most successful postwar bomber programs\"\". In 2008, \"\"AirForces Monthly\"\" said of the Tornado: \"\"For more than a quarter of a century... the most important military aircraft in Western Europe.\"\" The Panavia Tornado is a multirole, twin-engined aircraft designed to excel at low-level penetration of enemy defences. The mission envisaged during the Cold War was the delivery of conventional and nuclear ordnance on the invading forces", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1208510", "chunk_text": "Tornado\nalso occur across northeastern Mexico. The United States averages about 1,200 tornadoes per year, followed by Canada, averaging 62 reported per year. NOAA's has a higher average 100 per year in Canada. The Netherlands has the highest average number of recorded tornadoes per area of any country (more than 20, or 0.0013 per sq mi (0.00048 per km), annually), followed by the UK (around 33, or 0.00035 per sq mi (0.00013 per km), per year), although those are of lower intensity, briefer and cause minor damage. Tornadoes kill an average of 179 people per year in Bangladesh, the most in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9177687", "chunk_text": "\"Tornado climatology\"\nprobably one of the World's deadliest tornadoes) hit Malta in 1551 (or 1556) and killed about 600. One notable tornado of recent years was the Birmingham Tornado (UK) which struck Birmingham, United Kingdom, in July 2005. A row of houses was destroyed, but no one was killed. A strong F3 (T7) Tornado hit the small town Micheln in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany on 23 July 2004 leaving 6 people injured and more than 250 buildings massively damaged. Bangladesh and the eastern parts of India are very exposed to destructive tornadoes causing higher deaths and injuries. Bangladesh, Philippines, and Japan have the highest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14301349", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nshot down over Iraq by friendly fire from a US Patriot missile battery, killing both crew members. In July 2003, a US board of inquiry exonerated the battery's operators, observing the Tornado's \"\"lack of functioning IFF (Identification Friend or Foe)\"\" as a factor in the incident. Problems with Patriot were also suggested as a factor, multiple incidents of mis-identification of friendly aircraft have occurred, including the fatal shootdown of a US Navy McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet a few weeks after the loss of the Tornado. Britain withdrew the last of its Tornados from Iraq in June 2009. In early 2009,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8894970", "chunk_text": "\"LNER Peppercorn Class A1 60163 Tornado\"\nLNER Peppercorn Class A1 60163 Tornado 60163 \"\"Tornado\"\" is a main line coal-fired steam locomotive built in Darlington, County Durham, England. Completed in 2008, \"\"Tornado\"\" was the first such locomotive built in the United Kingdom since \"\"Evening Star\"\", the last steam locomotive built by British Railways in 1960. It is the only example of an LNER Peppercorn Class A1 locomotive in existence, the entirety of the original production batch having been scrapped without preservation. The locomotive's namesake is the Panavia Tornado, a combat aircraft flown by the Royal Air Force. In April 2017, \"\"Tornado\"\" became the first steam locomotive to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14301308", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nJapan considered the Tornado in the 1980s, along with the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon and F/A-18; before selecting the Mitsubishi F-2, a domestically produced design based on the F-16. In the 1990s, both Taiwan and South Korea expressed interest in acquiring a small number of Tornado ECR aircraft. In 2001, EADS proposed a Tornado ECR variant with a greater electronic warfare capability for Australia. Production came to an end in 1998; the last batch of aircraft being produced went to the Royal Saudi Air Force, who had ordered a total of 96 IDS Tornados. In June 2011, it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3490967", "chunk_text": "\"Royal Air Force\"\nTornado F3 in late March 2011. Their task is to defend UK airspace. In October 2007 it was announced that MoD Boscombe Down, RNAS Culdrose and RAF Marham would also be used as Quick Reaction Alert bases from early 2008, offering around-the-clock fighter coverage for the South and South West of UK airspace when a direct threat has been identified. The RAF has five front-line and one reserve Typhoon units; 3 (Fighter) Squadron, XI Squadron and 29 (Reserve) Squadron (Operational Conversion Unit) based at RAF Coningsby, with 1 (Fighter) Squadron, II (Army Cooperation) Squadron and 6 Squadron based at RAF", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2232245", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado ADV\"\nRAF service were retired when No. 111 Squadron RAF, located at RAF Leuchars, was disbanded on 22 March 2011. In addition to the RAF's Tornado F3s, in 2007, QinetiQ leased four Tornado F3s from the MOD for the purpose of conducting weapons testing activities. QinetiQ's force of four F3s remained flying beyond the RAF's retirement of the type, in their latter service they were being used for aerial testing of the new MBDA Meteor air-to-air missile, and thus were the only flying examples in the UK for a time. Their final mission was flown on 20 June 2012, and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3560940", "chunk_text": "\"United Kingdom\"\nan annual turnover of around £30 billion. The wings for the Airbus A380 and the A350 XWB are designed and manufactured at Airbus UK's Broughton facility, whilst over a quarter of the value of the Boeing 787 comes from UK manufacturers including Eaton, Messier-Bugatti-Dowty and Rolls-Royce. BAE Systems plays a critical role in some of the world's biggest defence aerospace projects. In the UK, the company makes large sections of the Typhoon Eurofighter and assembles the aircraft for the Royal Air Force. It is also a principal subcontractor on the F35 Joint Strike Fighter—the world's largest single defence project—for which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12045639", "chunk_text": "\"Tornado climatology\"\neastern Asia. The United States averaged 1,274 tornadoes per year in the last decade while Canada reports nearly 100 annually (largely in the southern regions). However, the UK has most tornadoes per area per year, 0.14 per 1000 km², although these tornadoes are generally weak, and many other European countries have a similar number of tornadoes per area. The severity of tornadoes is commonly measured by the Enhanced Fujita Scale, which scales tornado intensity from EF0 to EF5 by wind speed and the amount of damage they do to human environments. These judgments are made after the tornado has dissipated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5994995", "chunk_text": "\"No. 12 Squadron RAF\"\nIn September 1993, No. 27 Squadron, then based at RAF Marham in Norfolk, disbanded and immediately re-formed as No.12 Squadron operating twelve Panavia Tornado GR1B aircraft and relocated to RAF Lossiemouth. The squadron was equipped with eighteen WE.177 nuclear weapons During December 1998, the squadron took part in Operation Desert Fox, the four-day air campaign against Iraq. Deployments to the Persian Gulf continued, flying the upgraded Tornado GR4 from 2001, and included major contributions in 2003 as part of Operation Telic as well as supporting the first free elections in Iraq for 50 years in January 2005. In 2006 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2653013", "chunk_text": "\"Eurofighter Typhoon\"\nplaying a central role in the Saudi-led bombing campaign in Yemen. In February 2015, Saudi Typhoons attacked ISIS targets over Syria using Paveway IV bombs for the first time. In October 2016, it was reported that BAE Systems was in talks with Saudi Arabia about an order for another 48 aircraft. On 9 March 2018, a memorandum of intent for the additional 48 Typhoons was signed during Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman's visit to the United Kingdom. During the 2008 Farnborough Airshow it was announced that Oman was in an \"\"advanced stage\"\" of discussions towards purchasing Typhoons as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18207702", "chunk_text": "\"Royal Saudi Air Force\"\nincluding the use of Dhahran Airfield by the United States Air Force. The Saudi forces are equipped with mainly western hardware. Main suppliers are companies in the United Kingdom and the United States of America. Both the UK and the US are involved in training programs conducted in Saudi Arabia. During the 1980s and 1990s, by Middle Eastern standards the armed forces of Saudi Arabia were relatively small. Its strength however was derived from advanced technology. The backbone of the fighter force is formed by 134 Tornados from which a batch of 48 Tornado IDS were ordered in 1993 under", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2959732", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado ADV\"\na major upgrade program to enhance the aircraft's capabilities, primarily by integrating several newer air-to-air missiles. In 2003, the Tornado F3 was one of the assets used in Operation Telic, Britain's contribution to the Iraq War. An expeditionary force composed of 43 and 111 Squadrons (known as Leuchars Fighter Wing) was deployed to the region to carry out offensive counter-air operations. The Tornado F3's of Leuchars Fighter Wing operated all over Iraq, including missions over and around Baghdad, throughout Operation Telic. Due to a lack of airborne threats materialising in the theatre, the F3s were withdrawn and returned to European", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13514305", "chunk_text": "\"Panavia Tornado\"\nin 1979–1980. Due to its multirole design, it was able to replace several different fleets of aircraft in the adopting air forces. The Royal Saudi Air Force (RSAF) became the only export operator of the Tornado in addition to the three original partner nations. A tri-nation training and evaluation unit operating from RAF Cottesmore, the Tri-National Tornado Training Establishment, maintained a level of international co-operation beyond the production stage. The Tornado was operated by the Royal Air Force (RAF), Italian Air Force, and RSAF during the Gulf War of 1991, in which the Tornado conducted many low-altitude penetrating strike missions.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16903454", "chunk_text": "\"RAF Lossiemouth\"\nof Typhoons to Lossiemouth and reduction in size of the RAF's Tornado fleet, No.12 Squadron and No.617 Squadron disbanded on 1 April 2014. A fly-past by four Tornados as part of a ceremony to mark the occasion and attended by Prince Andrew, Duke of York was cancelled due to bad weather. The disbandment of the two squadrons left XV(R) Squadron as the only remaining Tornado unit at Lossiemouth. The first Typhoon unit, No. 6 Squadron, transferred from RAF Leuchars to Lossiemouth on 20 June 2014. Nine aircraft arrived in formation in the shape of a number 6. No. 1 Squadron", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_243	how many strong verbs are there in german?	n/a	[ "more than 200", "more than 200 strong" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2591019", "chunk_text": "\"German verbs\"\nGerman verbs German verbs may be classified as either \"\"weak\"\", with a dental consonant inflection, or \"\"strong\"\", showing a vowel gradation (ablaut). Both of these are regular systems. Most verbs of both types are regular, though various subgroups and anomalies do arise; however, textbooks for learners often class all strong verbs as irregular. The only completely irregular verb in the language is \"\"sein\"\" (\"\"to be\"\"). There are more than 200 strong and irregular verbs, but there is a gradual tendency for strong verbs to become weak. As German is a Germanic language, the German verb can be understood historically as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17993758", "chunk_text": "\"German grammar\"\nperson formal). German verbs may be classified as either \"\"weak\"\", if they form their past tense with a dental consonant inflection, or \"\"strong\"\", if they exhibit a vowel gradation (ablaut). Most verbs of both types are regular, though various subgroups and anomalies do arise. However, textbooks often class all strong verbs as irregular. There are more than 200 strong and irregular verbs, and there is a gradual tendency for strong verbs to become weak. In German declarative main clauses the finite verb is always placed as the second element. When there are more verbs in a sentence, the non-finite ones", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2591031", "chunk_text": "\"German verbs\"\nto do with the gerundive, although it is created in a similar way. One simply puts the word \"\"zu\"\" before the infinitive, perhaps before the permanent prefix, but after the separable prefix. The infinitive with \"\"zu\"\" extended with \"\"um\"\" expresses purpose (in order to...). The subject of the main clause and the verb in the infinitive must be identical. There are three persons, two numbers and four moods (indicative, conditional, imperative and subjunctive) to consider in conjugation. There are six tenses in German: the present and past are conjugated, and there are four compound tenses. There are two categories of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1506756", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nbut in this class 2 verb it is derived from part 4 by an a-mutation. Germanic strong verbs are commonly divided into 7 classes, based on the type of vowel alternation. This is in turn based mostly on the type of consonants that follow the vowel. The Anglo-Saxon scholar Henry Sweet gave names to the seven classes: I. The \"\"drive\"\" conjugation II. The \"\"choose\"\" conjugation III. The \"\"bind\"\" conjugation IV. The \"\"bear\"\" conjugation V. The \"\"give\"\" conjugation VI. The \"\"shake\"\" conjugation VII. The \"\"fall\"\" conjugation However, they are normally referred to by numbers alone. In Proto-Germanic, the common ancestor of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "673814", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nGermanic strong verb In the Germanic languages, a strong verb is a verb that marks its past tense by means of changes to the stem vowel (ablaut). The majority of the remaining verbs form the past tense by means of a dental suffix (e.g. \"\"-ed\"\" in English), and are known as \"\"weak verbs\"\". In modern English, strong verbs include \"\"sing\"\" (present \"\"I sing\"\", past \"\"I sang\"\", past participle \"\"I have sung\"\") and \"\"drive\"\" (present \"\"I drive\"\", past \"\"I drove\"\", past participle \"\"I have driven\"\"), as opposed to weak verbs such as \"\"open\"\" (present \"\"I open\"\", past \"\"I opened\"\", past participle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "673822", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nno new strong verbs developed. Practically all new verbs were weak, and few new strong verbs were created. Over time, strong verbs tended to become weak in some languages, so that the total number of strong verbs in the languages was constantly decreasing. The coherence of the strong verb system is still present in modern German, Dutch, Icelandic and Faroese. For example, in German and Dutch, strong verbs are consistently marked with a past participle in \"\"-en\"\", while weak verbs have a past participle in \"\"-t\"\" in German and \"\"-t\"\" or \"\"-d\"\" in Dutch. In English, however, the original regular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2591050", "chunk_text": "\"German verbs\"\nit has a very unambiguous progressive aspect. As is shown in the following, German is not very rigid in its usage of tenses. More precise tenses are available to express certain temporal nuances, but the two most common tenses (present tense and perfect tense) can often be used instead if the context is unambiguous. This is frequent in the 2nd person singular, where the verb ending \"\"-st\"\" and the pronoun \"\"du\"\" (\"\"you\"\") are contracted into \"\"-ste\"\" . German verbs German verbs may be classified as either \"\"weak\"\", with a dental consonant inflection, or \"\"strong\"\", showing a vowel gradation (ablaut). Both", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19272882", "chunk_text": "\"Middle High German verbs\"\nStrong verbs exhibit patterns of vowel change, called apophony, in the various numbers and tenses of the verb. Strong verbs are further divided according to the pattern of vowel change (the so-called \"\"Ablautreihe\"\"), of which there are seven major subdivisions, or classes, and often further subdivisions within a given class. Below is a paradigm of the conjugation of a typical Middle High German strong verb, \"\"gëben\"\" (Modern German 'geben', English 'to give') for the indicative and subjunctive present and preterite, along with its principal parts. In the present indicative singular, many of the classes exhibit a change in the stem", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2591033", "chunk_text": "\"German verbs\"\n\"\"to pray\"\": weak transitive verb \"\"bitten\"\" \"\"to ask for, to beg\"\": strong transitive verb Some strong verbs change their stem vowel in the second and third person singular of the indicative mood of the present tense. \"\"lesen\"\" \"\"to read\"\": strong transitive verb werden \"\"to become\"\" (strong, irregular) haben \"\"to have\"\" (mostly weak, irregular) Compare the archaic English conjugation: sein \"\"to be\"\" (suppletive, irregular) Modal verbs are inflected irregularly. In the present tense, they use the \"\"preterite\"\" endings of the strong verbs. In the past tense, they use the preterite endings of the weak verbs. In addition, most modal verbs have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8522427", "chunk_text": "\"German language\"\nand 50% of businesses identifying these two languages as the most useful, respectively). German is an inflected language with four cases for nouns, pronouns and adjectives (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative), three genders (masculine, feminine, neuter), two numbers (singular, plural), and strong and weak verbs. German derives the majority of its vocabulary from the ancient Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. A portion of German words are derived from Latin and Greek, and fewer are borrowed from French and Modern English. With slightly different standardized variants (German, Austrian and Swiss Standard German), German is a pluricentric language. It is also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2044127", "chunk_text": "\"Proto-Germanic language\"\nProto-Germanic were divided into two main groups, called \"\"strong\"\" and \"\"weak\"\", according to the way the past tense is formed. Strong verbs use ablaut (i.e. a different vowel in the stem) and/or reduplication (derived primarily from the Proto-Indo-European perfect), while weak verbs use a dental suffix (now generally held to be a reflex of the reduplicated imperfect of PIE \"\"dheH-\"\" originally \"\"put\"\", in Germanic \"\"do\"\"). Strong verbs were divided into seven main classes while weak verbs were divided into five main classes (although no attested language has more than four classes of weak verbs). Strong verbs generally have no suffix", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "673824", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nor rarely vice versa. This type of verb is most common in Dutch: Examples in English are \"\"swell, swelled, swollen\"\" As an example of the conjugation of a strong verb, we may take the Old English class 2 verb , \"\"to offer\"\" (cf. English \"\"bid\"\"). This has the following forms: While the inflections are more or less regular, the vowel changes in the stem are not predictable without an understanding of the Indo-European \"\"ablaut\"\" system, and students have to learn four or five \"\"principal parts\"\" by heart – the number depends on whether one considers the third-person singular present tense", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "673815", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\n\"\"I have opened\"\"). Not all verbs with a change in the stem vowel are strong verbs, however; they may also be irregular weak verbs such as \"\"bring, brought, brought\"\" or \"\"keep, kept, kept\"\". The key distinction is that most strong verbs have their origin in the sound system of Indo-European, whereas weak verbs use a dental ending (in English usually \"\"-ed\"\" or \"\"-t\"\") that was introduced later, during the development of the Germanic languages. The \"\"strong\"\" vs. \"\"weak\"\" terminology was coined by the German philologist Jacob Grimm in the 1800s, and the terms \"\"strong verb\"\" and \"\"weak verb\"\" are direct", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3022058", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nthe Germanic languages, the strong verbs were still mostly regular. The classes continued largely intact in Old English and the other older historical Germanic languages: Gothic, Old High German and Old Norse. However, idiosyncrasies of the phonological changes led to a growing number of subgroups. Also, once the ablaut system ceased to be productive, there was a decline in the speakers' awareness of the regularity of the system. That led to anomalous forms and the six big classes lost their cohesion. This process has advanced furthest in English, but in some other modern Germanic languages (such as German), the seven", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1506793", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nwell up\"\"). Thus, there are now 5 subgroups: In class 4, part 2 is generalised, eliminating older \"\"-u-\"\" here also. Example: \"\"nehmen nahm genommen\"\" (\"\"to take\"\"). Class 5 is little changed from Old High German. Class 6 is also preserved. In Modern German the \"\"uo\"\" is monophthongised to \"\"u\"\". In class 7, the various past tense vowels have merged into a single uniform \"\"--\"\". Two verbs have back-formed new present stems from the past stem, and have eliminated \"\"grammatischer Wechsel\"\" and shortened the vowel in the past tense: \"\"fangen fing gefangen\"\" (\"\"to catch\"\"), \"\"hängen hing gehangen\"\" (\"\"to hang\"\") The following", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5173738", "chunk_text": "\"Dutch language\"\nstrong verbs, irregular verbs and mixed verbs. Weak verbs are the most numerous verbs, constituting about 60% of all verbs. In weak verbs, the past tense and past participle are formed with a dental suffix: Strong verbs are the second most numerous verb group. This group is characterised by a vowel alternation of the stem in the past tense and perfect participle. Dutch distinguishes between 7 classes of strong verbs with some internal variants. Dutch is known for its large group of 'half strong verbs' these have either a weak past tense and a strong participle or a strong past", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6283533", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic weak verb\"\nis sometimes applied to other language groups to designate phenomena that are not really analogous. For example, Hebrew \"\"irregular\"\" verbs are sometimes called weak verbs because one of their radicals is weak. See weak inflection. Germanic weak verb In Germanic languages, weak verbs are by far the largest group of verbs, which are therefore often regarded as the norm (the regular verbs), but they are not historically the oldest or most original group. In Germanic languages, weak verbs are those verbs that form their preterites and past participles by means of a dental suffix, an inflection that contains a or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1506792", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\n- litt - gelitten, schneiden - schnitt - geschnitten\"\". In class 2, part 2 is generalised, eliminating older \"\"-u-\"\". Class 2b verbs are rare, as in Old High German. The verb \"\"ziehen\"\" has preserved the verner alternation: \"\"ziehen - zog - gezogen\"\" The verb \"\"sieden\"\" has preserved the verner alternation: \"\"sieden - sott - gesotten\"\". In class 3, part 2 is generalised. The \"\"o\"\" of the 3b participle has been passed by analogy to some 3a verbs, and also to the past of some verbs of both groups: \"\"beginnen begann begonnen\"\", \"\"bergen barg geborgen\"\" (\"\"to rescue\"\"), \"\"quellen quoll gequollen\"\" (\"\"to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15694182", "chunk_text": "\"German language\"\nin the singular for strong masculine and neuter nouns only in the genitive (only in archaic use in the dative), and even this is losing ground to substitutes in informal speech. The dative noun ending is considered archaic or at least old-fashioned in almost all contexts and is almost always dropped even in writing, except in proverbs and other petrified forms. Weak masculine nouns share a common case ending for genitive, dative and accusative in the singular. Feminine nouns are not declined in the singular. The plural has an inflection for the dative. In total, seven inflectional endings (not counting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8058489", "chunk_text": "\"Middle High German verbs\"\nand after comparatives. In addition, it often occurs in subordinate clauses where there is otherwise no evident need for a subjunctive. Two voices are exhibited in Middle High German: active and passive. Verbs in Middle High German are divided into two basic categories, based upon the formation of the preterite: strong and weak. Strong verbs exhibit an alternation of the stem vowel in the preterite and past participle (called apophony, vowel gradation, or, traditionally, Ablaut), while in weak verbs, the vowel generally remains the same as in the present tense, and a dental suffix (usually \"\"-(e)t-\"\") is attached. In addition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11461380", "chunk_text": "\"German verbs\"\nFor example: \"\"Das stundenlange Herumgefahre im Bus geht mir total auf die Nerven.\"\" (\"\"The silly driving around for hours in the bus is totally getting on my nerves.\"\") These forms are hard to build for complex infinitives; therefore they are unusual. When they occur, all object phrases and adverbial phrases are put before the gerund noun: Although there are six tenses in German, only two are simple; the others are compound and therefore build on the simple constructions. The tenses are quite similar to English constructions. Conjugation includes three persons, two numbers (singular and plural), three moods (indicative, imperative and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11093385", "chunk_text": "\"German language\"\nGerman nouns inflect by case, gender and number: This degree of inflection is considerably less than in Old High German and other old Indo-European languages such as Latin, Ancient Greek and Sanskrit, and it is also somewhat less than, for instance, Old English, modern Icelandic or Russian. The three genders have collapsed in the plural. With four cases and three genders plus plural, there are 16 permutations of case and gender/number of the article (not the nouns), but there are only six forms of the definite article, which together cover all 16 permutations. In nouns, inflection for case is required", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5325520", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nthe PIE situation. The standard pattern of PIE is represented in Germanic by classes 1, 2 and 3, with the present (part 1) in the e-grade, past indicative singular (part 2) in the o-grade, and remaining past (part 3) and past participle (part 4) in the zero grade. The differences between classes 1, 2, and 3 arise from semivowels coming after the root vowel, as shown in the table below. As can be seen, the e-grade in part 1 and o-grade in part 2 are shared by all of these five classes. The difference between them is in parts 3", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "541429", "chunk_text": "\"German grammar\"\nfour cases, and verbs are conjugated for person and number. Accordingly, German has more inflections than English, and uses more suffixes. For example, in comparison to the -s added to third-person singular present-tense verbs in English, most German verbs employ four different suffixes for the conjugation of present-tense verbs, namely -e for the first-person singular, -st for the second-person singular, -t for the third-person singular and for the second-person plural, and -en for the first- and third-person plural. Owing to the gender and case distinctions, the articles have more possible forms. In addition, some prepositions combine with some of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "673819", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\n\"\"buranaz\"\" in the past participle (zero-grade). In Proto-Germanic, the system of strong verbs was largely regular. As sound changes took place in the development of Germanic from PIE, the vowels of strong verbs became more varied, but usually in predictable ways, so in most cases all of the principal parts of a strong verb of a given class could be reliably predicted from the infinitive. Thus we can reconstruct Common Germanic as having seven coherent classes of strong verbs. This system continued largely intact in the first attested Germanic languages, notably Gothic, Old English, Old High German and Old Norse.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10604173", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic weak verb\"\nGermanic weak verb In Germanic languages, weak verbs are by far the largest group of verbs, which are therefore often regarded as the norm (the regular verbs), but they are not historically the oldest or most original group. In Germanic languages, weak verbs are those verbs that form their preterites and past participles by means of a dental suffix, an inflection that contains a or sound or similar. (For comparative purposes, they will be referred to as a dental, but in some of the languages, including most varieties of English, and are alveolar instead.) In all Germanic languages, the preterite", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2591032", "chunk_text": "\"German verbs\"\nverbs in German: weak and strong. Some grammars use the term \"\"mixed verbs\"\" to refer to weak verbs with irregularities. For a historical perspective on German verbs, see Germanic weak verb and Germanic strong verb. Below, the weak verb \"\"kaufen\"\" 'to buy' and the strong verb \"\"singen\"\" \"\"to sing\"\" are conjugated. Common conditional endings in present and past tense: -e, -est, -e, -en, -et, -en \"\"sein\"\" \"\"to be\"\" is irregular in the conditional mood The \"\"(e)\"\"s are inserted when the stem of the verb ends in: The second person singular ending is -t for verbs whose stems end in: \"\"beten\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10604179", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic weak verb\"\nweak verbs, five of which were significant. However, they are normally grouped into four classes, based on the conjugational system of Gothic. Class I verbs actually consist of three classes in Proto-Germanic: A small class of verbs had no suffix in the present, and no suffix in the past (other than the -d- or -t- of all weak verbs). This class had only three members: A small class of verbs had the suffix -j- in the present and no suffix in the past. This class had only five members in Proto-Germanic: Verbs of this class were said to undergo rückumlaut", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9506445", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic verb\"\nthird principal parts of the strong verb. The Indo-European perfect originally carried its own set of personal endings, the remnants of which are seen in the Germanic strong preterite. The reduplication characteristic of the Indo-European perfect remains in a number of verbs (seen most clearly in Gothic), a distinction by which they are grouped together as the seventh class of Germanic strong verbs. Weak (or consonantal) verbs are those that use a dental suffix in the past or \"\"preterite\"\" tense, either \"\"-t-\"\" or \"\"-d-\"\". In Proto-Germanic such verbs had no ablaut—that is, all forms of all tenses were formed from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1506784", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nstill visible, and is extended to the participle. Class 6 verbs in modern English: \"\"draw, forsake, lade, shake, shape, shave, slay, stand, take\"\". The verb is in this class when used in a nautical context. Like most other classes in Modern English, this class has lost cohesion and now forms principal parts according to many different patterns. Two preterites (\"\"drew\"\" and \"\"slew\"\") are now spelled with \"\"ew\"\", which is similar in sound to the \"\"oo\"\" of the others that still use a strong form. \"\"Swear\"\" is now class 4. The adjective \"\"graven\"\" was originally a past participle of the now", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16035260", "chunk_text": "\"Middle High German\"\nis substituted with the dative: ', ', \"\". Middle High German nouns were declined according to four cases (nominative, genitive, dative, accusative), two numbers (singular and plural) and three genders (masculine, feminine and neuter), much like Modern High German, though there are several important differences. Verbs were conjugated according to three moods (indicative, subjunctive (conjunctive) and imperative), three persons, two numbers (singular and plural) and two tenses (present tense and preterite) There was a present participle, a past participle and a verbal noun that somewhat resembles the Latin gerund, but that only existed in the genitive and dative cases. An", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2591035", "chunk_text": "\"German verbs\"\nunchanged. There are however exceptions (including even \"\"wehtun\"\" \"\"hurt\"\"), and there are verbs that are dative verbs in only some senses (e.g. the most common sense \"\"happen\"\" of the very common verb \"\"passieren\"\"). Dative verbs include the following most common ones: Some verbs require the use of a reflexive pronoun. These verbs are known as reflexive verbs. In English, these are often slightly modified versions of non-reflexive verbs, such as \"\"to sit oneself down\"\". There is an imperative for second person singular and second person plural, as well as for third person singular and third person plural, as well as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9506441", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic verb\"\nirregularities, most verbs fall into one of these categories. Suppletive verbs are completely irregular, being composed of parts of more than one Indo-European verb. There is one verb (\"\"dōną\"\" 'to do') that is in a category of its own, based on an Indo-European \"\"athematic\"\" form, and having a \"\"weak\"\" preterite but a \"\"strong\"\" passive participle. Strong (or vocalic) verbs display vowel gradation or ablaut, and may also be reduplicating. These are the direct descendants of the verb in Proto-Indo-European, and are paralleled in other Indo-European languages such as Greek: \"\"leipo\"\" \"\"leloipa\"\" \"\"elipon\"\" ('to leave'). All Indo-European verbs that passed into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1656301", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic languages\"\nof a noun — singular/plural crossed with nominative/accusative/dative/genitive — masculine \"\"an\"\"-stem nouns in Gothic include seven endings, and feminine \"\"ōn\"\"-stem nouns include six endings, meaning there is very little ambiguity of \"\"weakness\"\" in these endings and in fact much less than in the German \"\"strong\"\" endings.) Although it is possible to group the various noun declensions into three basic categories — vowel-stem, \"\"n\"\"-stem, and other-consonant-stem (a.k.a. \"\"minor declensions\"\") — the vowel-stem nouns do not display any sort of unity in their endings that supports grouping them together with each other but separate from the \"\"n\"\"-stem endings. It is only in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1656300", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic languages\"\nGothic, the most conservative Germanic language – the terms \"\"strong\"\" and \"\"weak\"\" are not clearly appropriate. For one thing, there were a large number of noun declensions. The \"\"a\"\"-stem, \"\"ō\"\"-stem, and \"\"n\"\"-stem declensions were the most common and represented targets into which the other declensions were eventually absorbed, but this process occurred only gradually. Originally the \"\"n\"\"-stem declension was not a single declension but a set of separate declensions (e.g., \"\"-an\"\", \"\"-ōn\"\", \"\"-īn\"\") with related endings, and these endings were in no way any \"\"weaker\"\" than the endings of any other declensions. (For example, among the eight possible inflectional categories", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "673820", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nGermanic strong verbs, mostly deriving directly from PIE, are slowly being supplanted by or transformed into weak verbs. As well as developing the strong verb system, Germanic also went on to develop two other classes of verbs: the weak verbs and a third, much smaller, class known as the preterite-present verbs, which are continued in the English auxiliary verbs, e.g. \"\"can/could, shall/should, may/might, must\"\". Weak verbs originally derived from other types of word in PIE and originally occurred only in the present aspect. They did not have a perfect aspect, meaning that they came to lack a past tense in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8058485", "chunk_text": "\"Middle High German verbs\"\nMiddle High German verbs Verbs in Middle High German are divided into strong or weak verbs. Strong verbs indicate tense by a change in the quality of a vowel, while weak verbs indicate tense by the addition of an ending. The various forms of the Middle High German verb include the infinitive, the present participle, the past participle, and the gerund. In Middle High German the infinitive usually ends in \"\"-en\"\" or simply \"\"-n\"\". The stem of the infinitive is the basic form from which all other verb forms are derived. The stem can be derived by simply taking the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19318623", "chunk_text": "\"Weak inflection\"\nlanguages the strong-weak polarity is used to express distinctions that may or may not be analogous. In Hebrew, most verbs have three consonants known as radicals. These can be strong (able to carry a full syllable) or weak (likely to collapse under the weight of a prefix or suffix). Verbs with a weak radical are termed weak verbs, and form partially regular exceptions to the normal conjugation rule. The consonants \"\"he\"\", \"\"waw\"\", and \"\"nun\"\" are among those likely to make a verb weak. The terms \"\"weak\"\" and \"\"strong\"\" rarely overlap with the idea of \"\"regular\"\" and \"\"irregular\"\"; some descriptions of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8058490", "chunk_text": "\"Middle High German verbs\"\nto the strong and weak classes, there are a few minor classes of verbs: the so-called \"\"preterite-presents\"\", which exhibit a strong preterite-like vowel alternation in the present tense, contracted verbs, which have full forms as well as shortened versions, and anomalous verbs, which are simply irregular and do not conform to a general pattern. Weak verbs consist of two distinct classes: Class I, a small subset that exhibits changes in the stem vowel in present versus preterite, in addition to the dental suffix, and Class II, which covers the vast majority of weak verbs in which the stem vowel remains", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5325518", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nto the extent that most of them no longer have any coherence: only classes 1, 3 and 4 still have significant subclasses that follow uniform patterns. For a treatment of the classes one at a time showing how the forms evolved in the various Germanic languages, one can consult an older version of this Wikipedia article. Before looking at the seven classes individually, the general developments that affected all of them will be noted. The following phonological changes that occurred between Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Germanic are relevant for the discussion of the \"\"ablaut\"\" system. For the purpose of explanation, the different", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6283584", "chunk_text": "\"Strong inflection\"\nfeature common to all strong forms, except that they are always counterpoints to \"\"weak\"\" ones. The Germanic strong verb, occurring in Germanic languages including German and English, is characterised by a vowel shift called ablaut. Examples in English include \"\"give/gave, come/came, fall/fell\"\". There is nothing comparable in the German strong adjective inflections. For a full discussion of this distinction see weak inflection. Strong inflection A strong inflection is a system of verb conjugation or noun/adjective declension which can be contrasted with an alternative system in the same language, which is then known as a weak inflection. The term \"\"strong\"\" was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2192841", "chunk_text": "\"Proto-Germanic grammar\"\n1 verbs in the present tense, but dropped the j-suffix in the past tense and then inflected like regular strong verbs. Weak verbs used a suffix containing a dental consonant to mark the past tense. This suffix is now generally held to be a reflex of the reduplicated past imperfect of PIE \"\"dʰeh-\"\" originally \"\"put\"\", in Germanic \"\"do\"\". They were generally derived verbs, being formed from nouns, verbs or adjectives (so-called denominal, deverbal and deadjectival verbs). A few underived verbs that were originally strong j-present verbs acquired weak past tenses in Proto-Germanic. Weak verbs were divided into five main classes,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1506755", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nas a principal part. If we choose to use all five, then for this verb they are \"\"bēodan, bīett, bēad, budon, boden\"\". The list of five principal parts includes: Strictly speaking, in this verb \"\"ablaut\"\" causes only a threefold distinction: parts 1 and 2 are from the e-grade, part 3 from the o-grade, and parts 4 and 5 from the zero grade. The other two distinctions are caused by different kinds of regressive metaphony: part 2, when it is distinct at all, is always derived from part 1 by Umlaut. In some verbs, part 5 is a discrete ablaut grade,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3022074", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nProto-Germanic forms given above. Note that ē became ā in Northwest Germanic. The Proto-Germanic language most likely used more than 500 strong roots. Although some roots are speculative, the language can be reconstructed with the following strong roots based on the work of Elmar Seebold (1970), Robert Mailhammer (2007) and Guus Kroonen (2013). Proto-Germanic had aorist-present roots, a remnant of the aorist aspect found in Proto-Indo-European. These verbs used the former aorist as a present tense form. The aorist had a zero-grade vowel, like parts 3 and 4 of the perfect. So these verbs have an anomalous vowel in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10604185", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic weak verb\"\nOld Frisian and Old Low Franconian): However, there are five more verbs that appear as Class III verbs in Old High German, Gothic and/or Old Norse that also have remnants of the stative conjugation in one or more northern West Germanic languages: Class IV verbs were formed with a suffix -nan, e.g. Gothic fullnan \"\"to become full\"\". The present tense was conjugated as a strong verb, e.g. Gothic fullna, fullnis, fullniþ, etc. The past tense was conjugated with suffix -nō-, e.g. Gothic fullnōda, fullnōdēs, etc. This class vanished in other Germanic languages; however, a significant number of cognate verbs appear", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2663505", "chunk_text": "\"Strong noun\"\nStrong noun In the Icelandic language, a strong noun is one that falls into one of four categories, depending on the endings of the \"\"characteristic cases\"\", i.e. the nominative and genitive singular and the nominative plural. For masculines this gives the following four-way split to be counted as strong: For feminines this looks like: Most neuters are strong, and end in \"\"-s\"\" in the genitive singular with the exception of \"\"fé\"\", genitive \"\"fjár\"\". Although strong neuters technically only belong to one category, it is a diverse group, so about a dozen paradigms are necessary to account for varieties and exceptions.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5185609", "chunk_text": "\"Icelandic language\"\nprobably withdrawing its presence). Many transitive verbs (i.e they require an object), can take a reflexive pronoun instead. The case of the pronoun depends on the case that the verb governs. As for further classification of verbs, Icelandic behaves much like other Germanic languages, with a main division between weak verbs and strong, and the strong verbs, of which there are about 150 to 200, are divided into six classes plus reduplicative verbs. They still make up some of the most frequently used verbs. (', \"\"to be\"\", is the example \"\"par excellence\"\", having two subjunctives and two imperatives in addition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10604191", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic weak verb\"\ntenses by means of \"\"ablaut\"\" (vowel gradation: \"\"sing - sang - sung\"\"). Most verbs in the early stages of the Germanic languages were strong. However, as the ablaut system is no longer productive except in rare cases of analogy, almost all new verbs in Germanic languages are weak, and the majority of the original strong verbs have become weak by analogy. As an example of the rather common process of originally strong verbs becoming weak, we may consider the development from the Old English strong verb \"\"scūfan\"\" to modern English \"\"shove\"\": Many hundreds of weak verbs in contemporary English go", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14883698", "chunk_text": "\"Finite verb\"\nVerbs were originally said to be \"\"finite\"\" if their form limited the possible person and number of the subject. In some languages, such as English, this does not apply. The finite verbs are in bold in the following sentences, and the non-finite verbs are underlined: In many languages (including English), there can be one finite verb at the root of each clause (unless the finite verbs are coordinated), whereas the number of non-finite verbs can reach up to five or six, or even more, e.g. Finite verbs can appear in dependent clauses as well as independent clauses: Most types of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3022092", "chunk_text": "\"Germanic strong verb\"\nsung/had sung). One relic of a strong verbs remains, however: \"\"wees was gewees\"\" (\"\"to be\"\"). From West Germanic to Old High German: Changes from Old High German to Modern German: The classes are still well preserved in modern German. In class 1, part 3 is generalised, eliminating the older \"\"-ei-\"\" or \"\"-e-\"\". However, a new subdivision arises because the \"\"i\"\" of the past tense forms is lengthened to \"\"ie\"\" before a single consonant. \"\"reiten ritt geritten\"\" (\"\"to ride\"\") versus \"\"leihen lieh geliehen\"\" (\"\"to loan\"\"). Class 1 verbs in modern German are: The verbs \"\"leiden\"\"and \"\"schneiden\"\" preserved the verner alternation: \"\"leiden", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_244	who sings tie a yellow ribbon around the old oak tree?	n/a	[ "Joyce Vincent Wilson", "Pamela Vincent", "Tony Orlando and Dawn" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18753029", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\nTie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" is a song by Tony Orlando and Dawn. It was written by Irwin Levine and L. Russell Brown and produced by Hank Medress and Dave Appell, with Motown/Stax backing vocalist Telma Hopkins, Joyce Vincent Wilson and her sister Pamela Vincent on backing vocals. It was a worldwide hit for the group in 1973. The single reached the top 10 in ten countries, in eight of which it topped the charts. It reached number one on both the US and UK charts for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10255713", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\ncovering the event described use of the tune as a protest song. Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" is a song by Tony Orlando and Dawn. It was written by Irwin Levine and L. Russell Brown and produced by Hank Medress and Dave Appell, with Motown/Stax backing vocalist Telma Hopkins, Joyce Vincent Wilson and her sister Pamela Vincent on backing vocals. It was a worldwide hit for the group in 1973. The single reached the top 10 in ten countries, in eight of which it topped the charts.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7299062", "chunk_text": "\"Irwin Levine\"\nIrwin Levine Irwin Jesse Levine (March 23, 1938 – January 21, 1997) was an American songwriter, who co-wrote the song \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" with L. Russell Brown. The song was a worldwide hit for Tony Orlando and Dawn as it reached number one on both the US and UK charts for four weeks in April 1973 and number one on the Australian charts for seven weeks from May to July 1973. It was the top-selling single in 1973 in both the US and UK. In 2008, \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked the song as the 37th biggest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10255703", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\nfour weeks in April 1973, number one on the Australian charts for seven weeks from May to July 1973 and number one on the New Zealand charts for ten weeks from June to August 1973. It was the top-selling single in 1973 in both the US and UK. In 2008, \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked the song as the 37th biggest song of all time in its issue celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Hot 100. The song is told from the point of view of someone who has \"\"done his time\"\" but is uncertain if he will be welcomed home. He writes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19366137", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\nturned up archival versions of the story that had been collected before \"\"Going Home\"\" had been written. Levine and Brown first offered the song to Ringo Starr, but Al Steckler of Apple Records told them that they should be ashamed of the song and described it as \"\"ridiculous\"\". In April 1973, the recording by Dawn featuring Tony Orlando reached No. 1 in the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 (chart date 21 April 1973) in the US, and stayed at No. 1 for four weeks. \"\"Tie A Yellow Ribbon\"\" sold 3 million records in the US in three weeks. It also reached No.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5150636", "chunk_text": "\"Yellow Ribbon Project\"\nLtd (ISCOS), Singapore After-Care Association (SACA) and Singapore Anti-Narcotics Association (SANA). The inspiration behind the Yellow Ribbon Project was taken from the 70s song, \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\", sung by Tony Orlando and Dawn, which is in turn based on the true story published in a 1971 article in The New York Post. Almost nine in 10 Singaporeans are able to identify the aims of the initiative according to a survey conducted by the Yellow Ribbon Project organisers. Beyond awareness, the Yellow Ribbon Project also actively encourages employers and volunteers to offer second chances to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2136528", "chunk_text": "\"Johnny Carver (musician)\"\nJohnny Carver (musician) Johnny Carver (born November 24, 1940 in Jackson, Mississippi) is an American country music artist. Between 1968 and 1977, he charted fifteen Top 40 hits on the \"\"Billboard\"\" country charts. His highest-charting single was a cover of Tony Orlando's \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\", a cover that reached No. 1 for him in 1974. He also had cover success with his version of the Starland Vocal Band's \"\"Afternoon Delight.\"\" Carver lives today in rural Wilson County, Tennessee. Carver grew up in a rural area near Jackson, MS, and sang in a local country", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19366136", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\nof it in which James Earl Jones played the role of the returning ex-con. According to L. Russell Brown, he read Hamill's story in the \"\"Reader's Digest\"\", and suggested to his songwriting partner Irwin Levine that they write a song based on it. Levine and Brown then registered for copyright the song which they called \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon 'Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\". At the time, the writers said they heard the story while serving in the military. Pete Hamill was not convinced and filed suit for infringement. Hamill dropped his suit after folklorists working for Levine and Brown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2991525", "chunk_text": "\"Yellow ribbon\"\nuses the white ribbon as a sign of forgiveness, and cites the story as the precursor to the tradition of the yellow ribbon for welcome home and forgiveness: The symbol became widely known in civilian life in the 1970s. It was the central theme of the popular song \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\", Written by Irwin Levine and L. Russell Brown and recorded by Tony Orlando and Dawn (among many others), as the sign a released prisoner requested from his wife or lover to indicate that she would welcome him home. He would be able to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8671969", "chunk_text": "\"Rob Fusari\"\nRob Fusari Rob Fusari, also known as 8Bit, is a Grammy-winning record producer and songwriter, best known for having #1 hits with Beyoncé, Kelly Rowland, Will Smith, Whitney Houston and Lady Gaga. Rob Fusari was born and raised in Livingston, New Jersey. A child prodigy, Fusari won numerous piano competitions at Radio City Music Hall at 8 years old. Fusari began writing songs while a student at William Paterson University. He started recording demos, and subsequently met hit songwriter Irwin Levine, who was known for writing \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" and several other hits for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2136532", "chunk_text": "\"Johnny Carver (musician)\"\n\"\"S.O.S.\"\" He subsequently became a regular performer in Branson, MO. Johnny Carver has received positive critical response, and has been given several awards: Johnny Carver (musician) Johnny Carver (born November 24, 1940 in Jackson, Mississippi) is an American country music artist. Between 1968 and 1977, he charted fifteen Top 40 hits on the \"\"Billboard\"\" country charts. His highest-charting single was a cover of Tony Orlando's \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\", a cover that reached No. 1 for him in 1974. He also had cover success with his version of the Starland Vocal Band's \"\"Afternoon Delight.\"\" Carver", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19366138", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\n1 on the Adult Contemporary chart, and BMI calculated that radio stations had played it 3 million times from seventeen continuous years of airplay. \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked it as the No. 1 song for 1973. It also reached No. 1 in the UK and Australia, and has sold 1 million copies in the UK. In New Zealand, the song spent 10 weeks at number one. In the Philippines, the song was best known for its use in the return of exiled politician Benigno Aquino, Jr. to the country in 1983, during which Aquino supporters tied yellow ribbons on trees in anticipation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20274473", "chunk_text": "\"Irwin Levine\"\nsong of all time in its issue celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Hot 100. Other popular songs written or co-written by Levine include \"\"This Diamond Ring\"\", \"\"I Woke Up In Love This Morning\"\", \"\"Say, Has Anybody Seen My Sweet Gypsy Rose\"\", \"\"Knock Three Times\"\", \"\"Candida\"\", and \"\"We're Free\"\". Levine died at the age of 58, in Livingston, New Jersey in January 1997, from either heart or renal failure. Irwin Levine Irwin Jesse Levine (March 23, 1938 – January 21, 1997) was an American songwriter, who co-wrote the song \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" with L.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10255705", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\nmuch welcome. The origin of the idea of a yellow ribbon as remembrance may have been the 19th-century practice that some women allegedly had of wearing a yellow ribbon in their hair to signify their devotion to a husband or sweetheart serving in the U.S. Cavalry. The song \"\"'Round Her Neck She Wears a Yeller Ribbon\"\", which later inspired the John Wayne movie \"\"She Wore a Yellow Ribbon\"\", is a reference to this. The symbol of a yellow ribbon became widely known in civilian life in the 1970s as a reminder that an absent loved one, either in the military", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1027775", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Orlando and Dawn\"\nvoices in the background was \"\"Runaway/Happy Together\"\" in 1972. The group (now billed as 'Dawn featuring Tony Orlando') released another single in 1973, and it became their next No. 1 single — \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon 'Round the Ole Oak Tree.\"\" In terms of sales, this single was the most successful in the group's career, starting a string of seven consecutive Hot 100 appearances with long titles by the group. The group's next single, \"\"Say, Has Anybody Seen My Sweet Gypsy Rose\"\" (from their concept album \"\"Dawn's New Ragtime Follies\"\"), went to No. 3 on the Hot 100, followed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18311045", "chunk_text": "\"The Cisco Kid (song)\"\n\"\"Billboard\"\" Top 40 for 2 weeks at the end of April and start of May 1973. It was kept out of the #1 spot by Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree by Tony Orlando and Dawn On the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, it peaked at #5. Outside the US, it went to #1 on the \"\"RPM 100\"\" Canadian singles chart. It became a gold record. The Cisco Kid (song) \"\"The Cisco Kid\"\" is a song performed by War, and written by Thomas Allen, B. B. Dickerson, Harold Brown, and Charles Miller, all members of War at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2638953", "chunk_text": "\"Connie Francis\"\npicture work, and travelling. From 1970 until 1973, Francis lived in semiretirement, appearing only occasionally as a special guest on TV shows. In 1973, Francis returned to the recording studio, cutting \"\"(Should I) Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Old Oak Tree?\"\", b/w \"\"Paint the Rain\"\" on GSF Records. This answer song to \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Old Oak Tree\"\" by Tony Orlando & Dawn bubbled under the charts. The project of recording a German version, though, remained unfinished. Another 1971 single, \"\"I Don't Want to Walk Without You\"\", b/w \"\"Don't Turn Around\"\", on Ivanhoe Records, failed to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20639481", "chunk_text": "\"Tie A Yellow Ribbon (Dawn album)\"\nTie A Yellow Ribbon (Dawn album) Tie a Yellow Ribbon is the third album by American popular music group Dawn (Michael Anthony Orlando Cassavitas, Telma Hopkins & Joyce Vincent Wilson) released in 1973 by Bell Records. The title track reached #1 in both the US and UK charts. In terms of sales, this single was the most successful in the group's career, starting a string of seven consecutive Hot 100 appearances. Another track from this album, “You’re A Lady” by English singer/songwriter Peter Skellern, reached #70 in the US charts. The group changed their name to \"\"Tony Orlando and Dawn\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19366135", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\nor in jail, would be welcomed home on their return. In October 1971, newspaper columnist Pete Hamill wrote a piece for the \"\"New York Post\"\" called \"\"Going Home\"\". In it, he told a variant of the story, in which college students on a bus trip to the beaches of Fort Lauderdale make friends with an ex-convict who is watching for a yellow handkerchief on a roadside oak in Brunswick, Georgia. Hamill claimed to have heard this story in oral tradition. In June 1972, nine months later, \"\"Reader's Digest\"\" reprinted \"\"Going Home\"\". Also in June 1972, ABC-TV aired a dramatized version", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10255704", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\nto his love, asking her to tie a yellow ribbon around the \"\"ole oak tree\"\" in front of the house (which the bus will pass by) if she wants him to return to her life; if he does not see such a ribbon, he will remain on the bus (taking that to mean he is unwelcome) and understand her reasons (\"\"put the blame on me\"\"). He asks the bus driver to check, fearful of not seeing anything. To his amazement, the entire bus cheers the response – there are 100 yellow ribbons around the tree, a sign he is very", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11162589", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Orlando and Dawn (TV series)\"\nOrlando') released another single in 1973, and it almost immediately became their next No. 1 single — \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon 'Round the Ole Oak Tree.\"\" In terms of sales, this single was the most successful in the group's career, starting a string of seven consecutive Hot 100 appearances with long titles by the group. The group's next single, \"\"Say, Has Anybody Seen My Sweet Gypsy Rose\"\" (from their concept album \"\"Dawn's New Ragtime Follies\"\"), went to No. 3 on the Hot 100, followed by similarly flavored top 40 hits \"\"Who's In The Strawberry Patch With Sally\"\" (the first single", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9344801", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Orlando and Dawn\"\nTony Orlando and Dawn Tony Orlando and Dawn is an American pop music group that was popular in the 1970s. Their signature hits include \"\"Candida\"\", \"\"Knock Three Times\"\", \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\", \"\"Say, Has Anybody Seen My Sweet Gypsy Rose\"\", and \"\"He Don't Love You (Like I Love You)\"\". Tony Orlando was born Michael Anthony Orlando Cassavitis on 3 April 1944. Orlando recorded through the 1960s with only moderate chart success. He had three Top 40 hits, two in 1961 and another in 1969 as the lead singer for the studio group Wind. While recording", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2136531", "chunk_text": "\"Johnny Carver (musician)\"\nHang Up.\"\" In 1972, he moved to ABC and had a major country hit with a version of Tony Orlando and Dawn's \"\"Tie A Yellow Ribbon 'Round the Ole Oak Tree.\"\" A string of Top 40 country hits followed over the next five years, including the Top Tens \"\"You Really Haven't Changed\"\" (1973), \"\"Don't Tell (That Sweet Old Lady of Mine)\"\" (1974), and another country cover of a pop hit, the Starland Vocal Band's \"\"Afternoon Delight\"\" (1976). Carver's last Top 40 hit was 1977's \"\"Living Next Door to Alice\"\", and his final charting single was a 1981 cover of ABBA's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2991545", "chunk_text": "\"Yellow ribbon\"\na symbol of acceptance in the song \"\"Tie A Yellow Ribbon Round the Old Oak Tree\"\" as stated above. In South Korea, the yellow ribbon is a symbol in memory of the victims and families of deceased of the 2014 MV \"\"Sewol\"\" disaster, in which 304 ferry passengers perished. During the Iran hostage crisis, the yellow ribbon was used a symbol of support for the hostages held at the United States embassy in Tehran. In November 1979, a committee headed by Suzan E. Garrett of the Jaycees ladies service organization in Leitchfield, Kentucky organized a campaign to \"\"Tie A Yellow", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11069493", "chunk_text": "\"L. Russell Brown\"\nL. Russell Brown Lawrence \"\"Larry\"\" Russell Brown (born June 29, 1940), known as L. Russell Brown, is an American lyricist and composer. He is most noted for his songs, co-written with Irwin Levine, \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" and \"\"Knock Three Times\"\"—international hits for the 1970s pop music group Tony Orlando and Dawn. He also co-wrote \"\"C'mon Marianne\"\" for The Four Seasons, and The Partridge Family 1971 song, \"\"I Woke Up In Love This Morning\"\". Born in Newark, New Jersey, Brown began his songwriting career when he was sixteen with the R&B label Fury Records. Co-writing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10645386", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Orlando\"\nsix touring groups using that name, so Dawn became \"\"Dawn featuring Tony Orlando\"\", which changed to Tony Orlando and Dawn in 1973. The new group recorded more hits, including \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" (1973) and \"\"He Don't Love You (Like I Love You)\"\" (1975), a cover of the Jerry Butler hit, \"\"He Will Break Your Heart\"\". With a successful recording career, Orlando then set his sights on television. As described in \"\"The San Francisco Chronicle\"\", \"\"Tony Orlando and Dawn burst out of television sets during the Ford administration, a sunny antidote to the dark cynicism", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12904426", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Orlando\"\nand when the song became an international number-one hit, he began to use his name in the group becoming \"\"Dawn featuring Tony Orlando\"\" and then \"\"Tony Orlando and Dawn\"\". The group had 19 other top 40 hits, including \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\", the top-selling hit of 1973 and one of the biggest selling singles of all time. The group also had a hit variety program, \"\"The Tony Orlando and Dawn Show\"\" on CBS from 1973 to 1977. They then broke up in 1978. In 1993 he opened the Tony Orlando Yellow Ribbon Music Theatre in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15871047", "chunk_text": "A-fu\nIn May of that year, A-fu performed \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Old Oak Tree\"\" at Teresa Teng's memorial concert at Taipei Arena. Her third studio album, \"\"Own Categories\"\", was released on 19 June 2015. It features a duet, \"\"Stop At The Crossing Ahead\"\" (前面路口停), with Xiao Yu. In January 2016, it was revealed that A-fu and blogger How How are in a relationship. A-fu Teng Fu-ju (; born 20 June 1987), known by her stage name A-fu (), is a Taiwanese singer and songwriter. Prior to her solo debut in the music scene, A-fu was a member of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18447090", "chunk_text": "\"Let's Get It On (song)\"\nfive. \"\"Billboard\"\" ranked it as the No. 4 song for 1973. The song became the biggest selling Motown release in the United States at the time, selling over two-million copies within the first six weeks of following its release. \"\"Let's Get It On\"\" also became the second best-selling single of 1973, only surpassed in sales by Tony Orlando & Dawn's \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\". At the time, the single was Motown's largest-selling recording ever, selling over three-million copies between 1973 and 1975. The single has gone on to sell over 1 million copies, and, on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20639482", "chunk_text": "\"Tie A Yellow Ribbon (Dawn album)\"\nlater in 1973 Side 1 Side 2 This is the same album as Tuneweaving but retitled upon reissue when Tie A Yellow Ribbon became a hit. The album was released on cd in 2007 with bonus tracks including the lost single Vaya Con Dios Tie A Yellow Ribbon (Dawn album) Tie a Yellow Ribbon is the third album by American popular music group Dawn (Michael Anthony Orlando Cassavitas, Telma Hopkins & Joyce Vincent Wilson) released in 1973 by Bell Records. The title track reached #1 in both the US and UK charts. In terms of sales, this single was the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4054852", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Orlando and Dawn\"\ntheir final original album \"\"To Be With You\"\", became the group's last Top 40 single on the Hot 100. \"\"Sing\"\" reached No. 7 on the Adult Contemporary Chart in 1977. The group went their separate ways later that year and would have only one more single, 1991's \"\"With Ev'ry Yellow Ribbon (That's Why We Tie 'Em)\"\". On \"\"The Carol Burnett Show\"\" in 1975, Harvey Korman, Carol Burnett, and Vicki Lawrence did a spoof of Tony Orlando and Dawn, as Tony Tallahassi and Dusk, singing \"\"Wrap Your Jammies Round the Old White Pine\"\". At the end of the number, they were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17086865", "chunk_text": "\"Tension (Taiwanese band)\"\nof their daily lives. 繁體中文书 Published on：11 February 2004, ISBN：9578034601 A record of the Tension's growth. Complete info on TENSION's childhood, family life, first love, music preference with precious childhood photos and Tension's confession to each other. The content of the book is segregated into 4 parts: Tension participated in the first Yellow Ribbon Charity Concert in Singapore in 2004. Brian specially recomposed the melody of \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" to A Capella version for the official launch of the Yellow Ribbon Project and Yellow Ribbon Fund on 2nd Oct 2004. Tension (Taiwanese band) Tension", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15303002", "chunk_text": "\"Tony Orlando and Dawn\"\nkicked off the stage by the real Tony Orlando and Dawn. Curiously, Lawrence's \"\"The Night the Lights Went Out in Georgia\"\" immediately preceded Dawn's \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" at the pole position of the Hot 100 in April 1973. They re-formed in 1988 for a five-week tour that wound up lasting into 1993, with Pamela Vincent finally becoming a visible Dawn member, stepping in whenever Hopkins was fulfilling her acting/television obligations. Orlando is still a popular appearance performer on tour regularly with the Lefty Brothers and Toni Wine. Hopkins made a very successful acting career", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3229295", "chunk_text": "\"L. Russell Brown\"\nMy Sweet Gypsy Rose\"\". \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" appears in such films as Wallace and Gromitt, \"\"Fargo\"\", and \"\"Forrest Gump\"\", and has reputedly been recorded over one thousand times. One of Brown's later successes as a writer was \"\"Use It Up and Wear It Out\"\", co-written with Sandy Linzer, which was a #1 hit in the UK for Odyssey in 1980. Other musicians who have recorded his songs include Frank Sinatra, Bing Crosby, Perry Como, Lesley Gore, Ray Conniff, Johnny Mathis, and Donny Osmond. L. Russell Brown Lawrence \"\"Larry\"\" Russell Brown (born June 29, 1940),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19278585", "chunk_text": "\"Don Kirshner's Rock Concert\"\nthe Ole Oak Tree\"\" but sung as \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round a Dodge Omni\"\" sung by him and Tony Orlando (Tony Rosato). The skit appears on the 'Best of the Early Years' DVD. Specific General Don Kirshner's Rock Concert Don Kirshner's Rock Concert is an American television music variety show that ran during the 1970s and early 1980s, created and produced by Don Kirshner and syndicated to television stations, initially through Viacom Enterprises, and later through Syndicast. It premiered on September 27, 1973, with a performance by The Rolling Stones; its last episode was in 1981. Kirshner had been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1221532", "chunk_text": "\"Joyce Vincent Wilson\"\nan actual backing group to tour and record with. Wilson and Telma Hopkins became the fully embodied Dawn. The popular 1970s group later had their own successful television program (\"\"Tony Orlando and Dawn\"\"), and Wilson was featured on hit singles like \"\"He Don't Love You (Like I Love You)\"\", \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" and \"\"Mornin' Beautiful\"\". Wilson continues singing, usually with her sister Pamela Vincent. Wilson was offered a chance to replace original Supremes member Mary Wilson in the Supremes, with members Scherrie Payne and Susaye Greene, before Motown determined that the group should not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2991526", "chunk_text": "\"Yellow ribbon\"\nsee it from the bus driving by their house, and would stay on the bus in the absence of the ribbon. He turned out to be very welcome: There were a hundred yellow ribbons. From the Library of Congress: One factor that may have influenced Hamill's decision to do so was that, in May 1973, \"\"Tie A Yellow Ribbon\"\" sold 3 million records in three weeks. When the dust settled, BMI calculated that radio stations had played it 3 million times, or seventeen continuous years of airplay. Hamill dropped his suit after folklorists working for Levine and Brown turned up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10255712", "chunk_text": "\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\nof his arrival. However, Aquino was assassinated upon arrival, sparking the rise of People Power three years later that led to the demise of Ferdinand Marcos' presidency and subsequent inauguration of Aquino's widow Corazon Aquino as president. Yellow was also the campaign symbol of Aquino's son who eventually became President Benigno Aquino III in 2010. During the 2014 Hong Kong Protests the song was routinely performed by pro-democracy protestors and sympathetic street musicians as a reference to the yellow ribbons that had become a popular symbol of the movement on site (tied to street railings) and on social media. Journalists", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19217767", "chunk_text": "\"Rodeo Drive Stakes\"\nthe winner of the Rodeo Drive automatically qualifies for the Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf. Inaugurated in 1977, it was an Invitational through 1995. The original name for the race was the idea of Oak Tree Founding Director Louis R. Rowan and is taken from the wartime song: \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon 'Round the Old Oak Tree.\"\" Time record: Most wins: Most wins by an owner: Most wins by a jockey: Most wins by a trainer: † In 1982, Avigaition finished first but was disqualified and placed second.<br>‡ In 2010 run at Hollywood Park. Rodeo Drive Stakes The Rodeo", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2638954", "chunk_text": "\"Connie Francis\"\nchart. After her modest success with \"\"(Should I) Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Old Oak Tree?\"\" Francis began performing regularly again. While appearing at the Westbury Music Fair in New York, on November 8, 1974, Francis was raped at the Jericho Turnpike Howard Johnson's Lodge in Jericho, New York, and nearly suffocated under the weight of a heavy mattress the culprit had thrown upon her. She subsequently sued the motel chain for failing to provide adequate security and reportedly won a $2.5 million judgment, at the time one of the largest such judgments in history, leading to a reform", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18782224", "chunk_text": "\"That's the Way Love Goes (Connie Smith album)\"\nThat's the Way Love Goes (Connie Smith album) That's the Way Love Goes is the twenty third studio album by American country music artist, Connie Smith. The album was released in March 1974 on Columbia Records and was produced by Ray Baker. It was Smith's third studio album released on the Columbia label after departing from RCA Victor in 1973 and spawned two singles. \"\"That's the Way Love Goes\"\" consisted of eleven tracks of new material recorded by Connie Smith. Out of these tracks, seven songs were cover versions: Tony Orlando's \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon (Round the Ole Oak Tree),\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8758800", "chunk_text": "\"Kodachrome (song)\"\n#9, sandwiched ahead of \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" by Dawn featuring Tony Orlando and behind May 19, 1973, Hot 100 top debut (#59) \"\"Give Me Love (Give Me Peace on Earth)\"\" by George Harrison; Two weeks later \"\"Kodachrome\"\" peaked at #2 on the Billboard Hot 100, behind Will It Go Round in Circles by Billy Preston. It peaked at #2 the \"\"Billboard\"\" adult contemporary chart, as well. In the United Kingdom, the song was marketed as the B-side to \"\"Take Me to the Mardi Gras\"\" (CBS 1578). The song was also banned by the Federation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3322615", "chunk_text": "\"Awareness ribbon\"\nYellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" was released, and based on this song, a wife of a hostage in Iran, Penney Laingen, was the first who used the ribbon as an awareness symbol. She tied yellow ribbons around trees, to illustrate desire for her husband coming home. Her friends and family members followed the trend. As many individuals were able to see this message, the \"\"ribbon became a medium\"\". In May 1986, the AIDS Faith Alliance, later to be known as Christian Action on AIDS, held an open conference on AIDS at Notting Hill Gate in London, supported by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17207877", "chunk_text": "\"Dave Appell\"\nKal Mann, songs such as \"\"Let's Twist Again\"\", \"\"Bristol Stomp\"\", \"\"Mashed Potato Time\"\" and \"\"South Street\"\". These were the years of the twist and other dance crazes, in the launching of which Appell played a vital role. Appell left Cameo in 1964. In the 1970s he had success with his productions for Tony Orlando and Dawn, including the # 1 hits \"\"Knock Three Times\"\" (1970) and \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\" (1973), on Bell Records in New York City. Appell's co-producer OF THE TIME was Hank Medress, a founding member of The Tokens musical group. Appell", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15294861", "chunk_text": "\"Eric D. Johnson\"\nand produced three original songs for the soundtrack, as well as contributing a cover of “Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree.” In 2013 Johnson collaborated with Vetiver front man Andy Cabic on scores for two critically lauded Sundance features - one for the dramedy \"\"Smashed\"\" and the other for the documentary \"\"After Tiller\"\". In 2010 Johnson founded the Huichica Music Festival along with Jeff Bundschu, owner of Gundlach Bundschu winery. The festival is held on the grounds of Gundlach Bundschu winery and has featured acts such as Bob Weir, Jonathan Wilson, Blitzen Trapper, J Mascis, Sonny and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10037183", "chunk_text": "\"Old Pop in an Oak\"\nclimbed up an oak tree to get away from his wife whose pet skunk he cooked on a grill. The music video for \"\"Old Pop in an Oak\"\" was directed by Swedish director Stefan Berg. Berg also directed the music video for \"\"Cotton Eye Joe\"\". Old Pop in an Oak \"\"Old Pop in an Oak\"\" is a song recorded by the Swedish band Rednex. It was released in November 1994 as the second single from their debut album \"\"Sex & Violins\"\". The song reached number one in many countries, including Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. It is essentially a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5788851", "chunk_text": "\"Say, Has Anybody Seen My Sweet Gypsy Rose\"\nSay, Has Anybody Seen My Sweet Gypsy Rose “Say, Has Anybody Seen My Sweet Gypsy Rose” is a 1973 song by the American pop music group Tony Orlando and Dawn. The song was written by Irwin Levine (lyrics) and L. Russell Brown (music) and was included on the group's 1973 album, \"\"Dawn's New Ragtime Follies.\"\" The songwriting duo of Levine and Brown had also penned other Tony Orlando and Dawn hit songs, including \"\"Knock Three Times\"\" and \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree\"\". According to Orlando, Levine was a fan of singer Al Jolson and proposed the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2991523", "chunk_text": "\"Yellow ribbon\"\nHer Neck She Wears a Yeller Ribbon\"\"\"\" \"\"(For Her Lover Who Is Far, Far Away)\"\". While he tells in the song about the love between Susie Simpkins and her soldier lover Silas Hubbard, his chorus goes: The lyrics were altered and the song was titled \"\"She Wore a Yellow Ribbon\"\" by Russ Morgan for the 1949 movie of the same name. This was performed by several popular musicians of the 1940s, including Mitch Miller and The Andrews Sisters. The Tanner Sisters recorded their version in London on December 30, 1949. It was released by EMI on the His Master's Voice", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4568992", "chunk_text": "\"John Schmersal\"\nStephen Calhoon. Schmersal also has a handful of production credits engineering and producing records for groups such as Hole, Thunderbirds Are Now!, and the Mean Reds. In 2007, Schmersal was the composer for the film \"\"Tie a Yellow Ribbon\"\". Schmersal sings additional vocals on the song \"\"Patty Lee\"\" from Les Savy Fav's 2007 fourth full-length album \"\"Let's Stay Friends\"\". In 2009, he wrote the theme song for the PBS Kids show \"\"Dash's Dance Party\"\". He is currently a touring member of Caribou. John Schmersal John Schmersal is an American musician, producer, composer best known for being a founding member of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10037182", "chunk_text": "\"Old Pop in an Oak\"\nOld Pop in an Oak \"\"Old Pop in an Oak\"\" is a song recorded by the Swedish band Rednex. It was released in November 1994 as the second single from their debut album \"\"Sex & Violins\"\". The song reached number one in many countries, including Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, and Sweden. It is essentially a nonsensical song that relies on a catchy beat and the band's trademark blend of Eurodance and country to carry it; melodically and stylewise it is extremely similar to the earlier single \"\"Cotton Eye Joe\"\", however, the central theme seems to be that the father (Pop)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_245	where does patience is a virtue come from?	n/a	[ "\"Psychomachia,\"" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6913334", "chunk_text": "Patience\n\"\"perfections\"\" (\"\"paramitas\"\") that a bodhisattva trains in and practices to realize perfect enlightenment (\"\"bodhi\"\"). The Buddhist concept of patience is distinct from the English definition of the word. In Buddhism, patience refers to not returning harm, rather than merely enduring a difficult situation. It is the ability to control one's emotions even when being criticized or attacked. In verse 184 of the Dhammapada it is said that 'enduring patience is the highest austerity'. Patience and forbearance is considered an essential virtue in Hinduism. In ancient literature of Hinduism, the concept of patience is referred to with the word \"\"pariksaha\"\" (patience", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446880", "chunk_text": "Patience\nis also discussed in other sections, such as Ecclesiastes: \"\"Better is the patient spirit than the lofty spirit. Do not in spirit become quickly discontented, for discontent lodges in the bosom of a fool.\"\" (Ecclesiastes 7:8-9, NAB). In the Christian religion, patience is one of the most valuable virtues of life. Increasing patience is viewed as the work of the Holy Ghost in the Christian who has accepted the gift of salvation. While patience is not one of the traditional biblical three theological virtues nor one of the traditional cardinal virtues, it is part of the fruit of the Holy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446881", "chunk_text": "Patience\nSpirit, according to the Apostle Paul in his Epistle to the Galatians. In the Christian Bible, patience is referred to in several sections. The Book of Proverbs notes that \"\"through patience a ruler can be persuaded, and a gentle tongue can break a bone\"\" (Proverbs 25:14-16, NIV); Ecclesiastes points out that the \"\"end of a matter is better than its beginning, and patience is better than pride\"\" (Ecclesiastes 7:7-9, NIV); and 1 Thessalonians states that we should \"\"be patient with all. See that no one returns evil for evil; rather, always seek what is good for each other and for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446875", "chunk_text": "Patience\nPatience Patience (or forbearance) is the ability to endure difficult circumstances such as perseverance in the face of delay; tolerance of provocation without responding in annoyance/anger; or forbearance when under strain, especially when faced with longer-term difficulties. Patience is the level of endurance one can have before negativity. It is also used to refer to the character trait of being steadfast. Antonyms include and impetuousness. In psychology and in cognitive neuroscience, patience is studied as a decision-making problem, involving the choice of either a small reward in the short-term, versus a more valuable reward in the long-term. When given a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446883", "chunk_text": "Patience\nlife\"\".(1 Timothy 1:15-17, NIV). Patience with steadfast belief in Allah is called \"\"sabr\"\" (), one of the best virtues of life in Islam. Through sabr, a Muslim believes that an individual can grow closer to God and thus attain true peace. It is also stressed in Islam, that Allah is with those who are patient, more specifically during calamity and suffering. Several verses in Quran urge Muslims to seek Allah's help when faced with fear and loss, with patient prayers and perseverance for Allah. For example: Similarly, patience is mentioned in hadith Sahih Bukhari: In Islamic tradition,(\"\"Ayyoob\"\") illustrates a story", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446878", "chunk_text": "Patience\nare connected to the Internet at faster speeds are less patient than their counterparts connected at slower speeds, demonstrating a link between the human expectation of speed and human patience. These and other scientific studies of patience have led many social commentators to conclude that the rapid pace of technology is rewiring humans to be less and less patient. Patience and fortitude are prominent themes in Judaism. The Talmud extols patience as an important personal trait. The story of Micah, for example, is that he suffers many challenging conditions and yet endures, saying \"\"I will wait for the God who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2029036", "chunk_text": "Courage\ncall the natural virtue of courage a Christian virtue. Unlike Aristotle, Aquinas’ courage is about endurance, not bravery in battle. The \"\"Tao Te Ching\"\" contends that courage is derived from love (\"\"慈 loving 故 causes 能 ability 勇 brave\"\"), explaining, \"\"\"\"One of courage, with audacity, will die. One of courage, but gentle, spares death. From these two kinds of courage arise harm and benefit.\"\"\"\" In Hindu tradition, Courage (shauriya) / Bravery (dhairya), and Patience (taamasa) appear as the first two of ten characteristics (lakshana) of dharma in the Hindu Manusmṛti, besides forgiveness (kshama), tolerance (dama), honesty (asthaya), physical restraint (indriya", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446879", "chunk_text": "Patience\nsaves me.\"\" Patience in God, it is said, will aid believers in finding the strength to be delivered from the evils that are inherent in the physical life. In the Hebrew Torah, patience is referred to in several proverbs, such as \"\"The patient man shows much good sense, but the quick-tempered man displays folly at its height\"\" (Proverbs 14:29, NAB); \"\"An ill-tempered man stirs up strife, but a patient man allays discord.\"\" (Proverbs 15:18, NAB); and \"\"A patient man is better than a warrior, and he who rules his temper, than he who takes a city.\"\" (Proverbs 16:32). The emotion", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446882", "chunk_text": "Patience\nall\"\" (1 Thessalonians 5:14-15, NAB). In the Epistle of James, the Bible urges Christians to be patient, and \"\" see how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth...until it receives the early and the late rains.\"\" (James 5:7-11, NAB). In Galatians, patience is listed as part of the \"\"fruit of the Spirit\"\": \"\"love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and self-control. Against such things there is no law\"\". (Galatians 5:21-23, NIV). In Timothy, the Bible states that \"\"Jesus might display his unlimited patience as an example for those who would believe on him and receive eternal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446886", "chunk_text": "Patience\nand forbearance, Sanskrit: परिषहा), and several other words such as sahiṣṇutā (patient toleration, Sanskrit: सहिष्णुता), \"\"titiksha\"\" (forbearance, Sanskrit: तितिक्षा), \"\"sah\"\" or \"\"sahanshilata\"\" (suffer with patience, Sanskrit: सह, सहनशीलता) and several others. Patience, in Hindu philosophy, is the cheerful endurance of trying conditions and the consequence of one's action and deeds (karma). It is also the capacity to wait, endure opposites - such as pain and pleasure, cold and heat, sorrows and joys - calmly, without anxiety, and without a desire to seek revenge. In interpersonal relationships, virtuous \"\"titiksha\"\" means that if someone attacks or insults without cause, one must endure", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446887", "chunk_text": "Patience\nit without feeling enmity, anger, resentment or anxiety. The concept of patience is explained as being more than trust, and as a value that reflects the state of one's body and mind. The term \"\"pariksaha\"\" is sometimes also translated as test or exam, in other contexts. Some of these concepts have been carried into the spiritual understanding of yoga. Sandilya Upanishad of Hinduism identifies ten sources of patience and forbearances: Ahimsa, Satya, Asteya, Brahmacharya, Daya, Arjava, Kshama, Dhriti, Mitahara and Saucha. In each of these ten forbearances, the virtuous implicit belief is that our current spirit and the future for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446884", "chunk_text": "Patience\nwhere he demonstrated patience and steadfast belief in Allah. Ibn Kathir narrates the story in the following manner: Job was a very rich person with much land, and many animals and children — all of which were lost and soon he was struck with disease as a test from Allah. He remained steadfast and patient in his prayers to Allah, so Allah eventually relieved him of the disease, gave him double the money he lost, and raised to life twice the number of children who had died before him. In Buddhism, patience (Skt.: \"\"kshanti\"\"; Pali: \"\"khanti\"\") is one of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2029025", "chunk_text": "Courage\nCourage Courage (also called bravery or valour) is the choice and willingness to confront agony, pain, danger, uncertainty, or intimidation. Physical courage is bravery in the face of physical pain, hardship, death or threat of death, while moral courage is the ability to act rightly in the face of popular opposition, shame, scandal, discouragement, or personal loss. The classical virtue of fortitude (\"\"andreia, fortitudo\"\") is also translated \"\"courage\"\", but includes the aspects of perseverance and patience. In the Western tradition, notable thoughts on courage have come from philosophers, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, and Kierkegaard. Much earlier, in the Hindu tradition,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446894", "chunk_text": "Patience\non hold for a significant length of time, and sometimes eventually reaching the wrong person for whatever reason, the customer is understandably upset. Impatience is usually viewed as a negative thing. Patience should not be confused with laziness, complacency or inaptitude. Laziness is lacking a desire to fix a certain problem or complete a job. Laziness means that one's desire to do other things than a given task outweighs the desire to do that particular task. This is not the same as being patient with a process. The Perl programming culture has famously declared Impatience to be a virtue. Patience", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4853538", "chunk_text": "\"Patience (poem)\"\nPatience (poem) Patience (Middle English: \"\"Pacience\"\") is a Middle English alliterative poem written in the late 14th century. Its unknown author, designated the \"\"Pearl Poet\"\" or \"\"Gawain-Poet\"\", also appears, on the basis of dialect and stylistic evidence, to be the author of \"\"Sir Gawain and the Green Knight\"\", \"\"Pearl\"\", and \"\"Cleanness\"\" (all ca. 1360-1395) and may have composed \"\"St. Erkenwald\"\". This is thought to be true because the techniques and vocabulary of regional dialect of the unknown author is that of Northwest Midlands, located between Shropshire and Lancashire. The manuscript, Cotton Nero A.x is in the British Library. The first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6975029", "chunk_text": "Virtue\nVirtue Virtue (, \"\"arete\"\") is moral excellence. A virtue is a trait or quality that is deemed to be morally good and thus is valued as a foundation of principle and good moral being. Personal virtues are characteristics valued as promoting collective and individual greatness. In other words, it is a behavior that shows high moral standards. Doing what is right and avoiding what is wrong. The opposite of virtue is vice. The four classic cardinal virtues are temperance, prudence, courage, and justice. Christianity derives the three theological virtues of faith, hope and love (charity) from 1 Corinthians. Together these", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "331999", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Hauerwas\"\n\"\"patience is integral to the Christian life\"\". Patience cannot be first learned while being a patient. To learn patience, Christians are to exercise the virtue through deeds, truth, practice, and living it. Hauerwas also says that patience is a virtue we have in common with God. \"\"In Him, patience has its beginning, and from Him as its source it takes its splendor and dignity.\"\" He also says that God showed us the best example of patience when it comes to the life of Jesus. Because God is the foundation, Hauerwas stated that “only patience shaped by Christ is true patience\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20592896", "chunk_text": "\"Virtue ethics\"\nquality that allows the bearer to succeed at his, her, or its purpose. The virtue of a knife, for example, is sharpness; among the virtues of a racehorse is speed. Thus, to identify the virtues for human beings, one must have an account of what the human purpose is. Like much of the Western tradition, virtue theory seems to have originated in ancient Greek philosophy. Virtue ethics began with Socrates, and was subsequently developed further by Plato, Aristotle, and the Stoics. Virtue ethics refers to a collection of normative ethical philosophies that place an emphasis on being rather than doing.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14753339", "chunk_text": "\"Order (virtue)\"\nthings have their places; let each part of your business have its time\"\" is a saying attributed to Benjamin Franklin in 1730, while he was 20 years old. It was part of his 13 virtues. A darker view of the early modern internalisation of order and discipline was taken by Michel Foucault in \"\"The Order of Things\"\" and \"\"Discipline and Punish\"\"; but for Rousseau love of order both in nature and in the harmonious psyche of the natural man was one of the tap-roots of moral conscience. The Romantic reaction against reason, industry and the sober virtues, led to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16109007", "chunk_text": "\"Seven virtues\"\nnothing else than the theological virtues.\"\" A list of seven virtues that oppose the seven deadly sins appeared later in an epic poem titled \"\"Psychomachia\"\", or \"\"Battle/Contest of the Soul\"\". Written by Aurelius Clemens Prudentius, a Christian governor who died around 410 AD, it entails the battle between good virtues and evil vices. The enormous popularity of this work in the Middle Ages helped to spread the concept of holy virtue throughout Europe. After Pope Gregory released his list of seven deadly sins in 590 AD, the seven virtues became identified as chastity, temperance, charity, diligence, patience, kindness, and humility.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16109003", "chunk_text": "\"Seven virtues\"\nSeven virtues The \"\"Catechism of the Catholic Church\"\" defines virtue as \"\"a habitual and firm disposition to do the good.\"\" Traditionally, the seven Christian virtues or heavenly virtues combine the four classical cardinal virtues of prudence, justice, temperance and courage (or fortitude) with the three theological virtues of faith, hope and charity. These were adopted by the Church Fathers as the seven virtues. The Greek philosophers Aristotle and Plato, regarded temperance, wisdom, justice, and courage as the four most desirable character traits. The Book of Wisdom is one of the seven Sapiential Books included in the Septuagint. Wisdom 8:7 states", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4853540", "chunk_text": "\"Patience (poem)\"\nand elaborate paraphrase of \"\"exemplum\"\" or \"\"exempla\"\", from the Old Testament. A didactic, homiletic poem, “Patience” consists of 530 lines. Alliteration is used consistently throughout the poem, usually with three alliterating words per line. The very last line repeats the opening line of the poem, giving it a kind of cyclic feel. The unidentified narrator speaks in the first person throughout the work, posing as an autobiography. The narrator/homilist begins by praising patience, setting it among eight virtues (which he calls blessings) or typically known as the Beatitudes in Matthew 5:3-10 from the Sermon on the Mount, which he hears", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12800065", "chunk_text": "\"Patience Worth\"\nPatience Worth Patience Worth was allegedly a spirit contacted by Pearl Lenore Curran (February 15, 1883 – December 4, 1937). This symbiotic relationship produced several novels, poetry and prose which Pearl Curran claimed was delivered to her through channelling the spirit of Patience Worth. Psychologists and skeptics who have studied Curran's writings are in agreement that Patience was a fictitious creation of Curran. Curran was born Pearl Lenore Pollard in Mound City, Illinois. The family moved to Texas when she was eight months old and she started school when she was six. She was an average but uninterested student, eventually", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3680587", "chunk_text": "\"Temperance (virtue)\"\nTemperance (virtue) Temperance is defined as moderation or voluntary self-restraint. It is typically described in terms of what an individual voluntarily refrains from doing. This includes restraint from retaliation in the form of non-violence and forgiveness, restraint from arrogance in the form of humility and modesty, restraint from excesses such as splurging now in the form of prudence, and restraint from excessive anger or craving for something in the form of calmness and self-control. Temperance has been described as a virtue by religious thinkers, philosophers, and more recently, psychologists, particularly in the positive psychology movement. In classical iconography, the virtue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446889", "chunk_text": "Patience\nterm. Some of the verse excerpts from this book are: \"\"our conduct must always foster forbearance\"\"; \"\"one must patiently endure rude remarks, because it delivers us to purity\"\"; \"\"if we are unjustly wronged by others, it is best to conquer our hurt with patience, accept suffering, and refrain from unrighteous retaliation\"\"; \"\"it is good to patiently endure injuries done to you, but to forget them is even better\"\"; \"\"just as the Earth bears those who dig into her, one must with patience bear with those who despise us\"\", and so on. The spiritual teacher Meher Baba stated that \"\"[O]ne of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446890", "chunk_text": "Patience\nthe first requirements of the [spiritual] aspirant is that he should combine \"\"unfailing enthusiasm with unyielding patience\"\"...Spiritual effort demands not only physical endurance and courage, but also unshrinking forbearance and unassailable moral courage.\"\" In \"\"Human, All Too Human\"\", philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche argued that \"\"being able to wait is so hard that the greatest poets did not disdain to make the inability to wait the theme of their poetry.\"\" He notes that \"\"Passion will not wait\"\", and gives the example of cases of duels, in which the \"\"advising friends have to determine whether the parties involved might be able to wait", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9894943", "chunk_text": "\"Seven virtues\"\nare problems with this parallelism. Seven virtues The \"\"Catechism of the Catholic Church\"\" defines virtue as \"\"a habitual and firm disposition to do the good.\"\" Traditionally, the seven Christian virtues or heavenly virtues combine the four classical cardinal virtues of prudence, justice, temperance and courage (or fortitude) with the three theological virtues of faith, hope and charity. These were adopted by the Church Fathers as the seven virtues. The Greek philosophers Aristotle and Plato, regarded temperance, wisdom, justice, and courage as the four most desirable character traits. The Book of Wisdom is one of the seven Sapiential Books included in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19519346", "chunk_text": "\"Virtue ethics\"\nquality—reason—as the soul's most proper and nourishing activity. In his \"\"Nicomachean Ethics\"\", Aristotle, like Plato before him, argued that the pursuit of \"\"eudaimonia\"\" is an \"\"activity of the soul in accordance with perfect virtue\"\", which further could only properly be exercised in the characteristic human community—the \"\"polis\"\" or city-state. Although \"\"eudaimonia\"\" was first popularized by Aristotle, it now belongs to the tradition of virtue theories generally. For the virtue theorist, \"\"eudaimonia\"\" describes that state achieved by the person who lives the proper human life, an outcome that can be reached by practicing the virtues. A virtue is a habit or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3538199", "chunk_text": "\"De (Chinese)\"\nyourself upon Heaven, take your stand in virtue, and then, although you hasten or hold back, bend or stretch, you may return to the essential and speak of the ultimate.\"\" (17, tr. Watson 1968:182-3) The people have their constant inborn nature. To weave for their clothing, to till for their food — this is the Virtue they share. They are one in it and not partisan, and it is called the Emancipation of Heaven. Therefore in a time of Perfect Virtue the gait of men is slow and ambling; their gaze is steady and mild. In such an age mountains", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18586406", "chunk_text": "\"Virtue ethics\"\nto be sought, for which a friend might be a useful means. Aristotle states that the virtues function more as means to safeguard human relations, particularly authentic friendship, without which one's quest for happiness is frustrated. Discussion of what were known as the Four Cardinal Virtues – wisdom, justice, fortitude, and temperance – can be found in Plato's \"\"Republic\"\". The virtues also figure prominently in Aristotle's moral theory (see below). Virtue theory was inserted into the study of history by moralistic historians such as Livy, Plutarch, and Tacitus. The Greek idea of the virtues was passed on in Roman philosophy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4853541", "chunk_text": "\"Patience (poem)\"\nin mass one day. He closely associates it with poverty, closing with an admonition not to grumble or fight one’s fate, as Jonah did (ll. 1 - 56). The remainder of the work utilizes the story of Jonah as an exemplum which illustrates and justifies the admonition to accept the will of God patiently. Jonah's story delineates his own impatience because he could not handle the burden of what he was supposed to do — preach to the Ninevites. Notably, patience is generally paired in opposition to sloth. Medieval schools of thought would have condemned sloth, portraying negative consequences of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2029340", "chunk_text": "Prudence\nPrudence Prudence (, contracted from meaning \"\"seeing ahead, sagacity\"\") is the ability to govern and discipline oneself by the use of reason. It is classically considered to be a virtue, and in particular one of the four Cardinal virtues (which are, with the three theological virtues, part of the seven virtues). Prudentia is an allegorical female personification of the virtue, whose attributes are a mirror and snake, who is frequently depicted as a pair with Justitia, the Roman goddess of Justice. The word derives from the 14th-century Old French word \"\"prudence\"\", which, in turn, derives from the Latin \"\"prudentia\"\" meaning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10093837", "chunk_text": "\"Temperance (virtue)\"\nis often depicted as a woman holding two vessels transferring water from one to another. It was one of the cardinal virtues in western thought found in Greek philosophy and Christianity, as well as eastern traditions such as Buddhism and Hinduism. Temperance is one of the six virtues in the positive psychology classification, included with wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, and transcendence. It is generally characterized as the control over excess, and expressed through characteristics such as chastity, modesty, humility, self-regulation, hospitality, decorum, abstinence, forgiveness and mercy; each of these involves restraining an excess of some impulse, such as sexual desire,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "332003", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Hauerwas\"\n“a kind of endurance in the face of difficulty, danger, or oppression.\"\" To tie in the first essay, he went on to say that patience and perseverance are “integral to the very meaning of virtue.\"\" All of this is to say that the Christian must have the patience to get through tough times. To him, the ultimate display of courage is through the martyr, who is “required to patiently persevere, since they have the confidence that enduring wrong is the gift of charity.\"\" The philosopher also highlighted that true courage is a gift of the Holy Spirit when he said", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16207758", "chunk_text": "\"De Vita Beata\"\nshe dies, will yet adore the general for whom she falls\"\", because \"\"no one can live cheerfully without living honourably.\"\" Thus, Seneca distinguishes between virtues hard or difficult and virtues soft or easier to practice, because \"\"there is no virtue without effort\"\". Among the difficult are patience, fortitude and perseverance, and among the easy are liberality, temperance and meekness. As far as wealth is concerned, Seneca does not consider it good or bad in itself, but acknowledges that it is \"\"useful and brings great comfort to life\"\", so the wise person prefers them but is not subordinate to them. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1101302", "chunk_text": "\"Patience (game)\"\nhalf. The earliest known recording of a game of patience occurred in 1788 in the German game anthology \"\"Das neue Königliche L'Hombre-Spiel\"\". Before this, there were no literary mentions of such games in large game compendiums such as Charles Cotton's \"\"The Compleat Gamester\"\" (1674) and Abbé Bellecour's \"\"Academie des Jeux\"\" (1674). Patience was first mentioned in literature shortly after cartomantic layouts were developed circa 1765, suggesting a connection between the two. This theory is supported by the name of the game in Danish and Norwegian, \"\"kabal(e)\"\". An 1895 account describes a variant of the game exclusively used for cartomancy. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16109004", "chunk_text": "\"Seven virtues\"\nthat the fruits of Wisdom \"\"...are virtues; For she teaches moderation and prudence, justice and fortitude, and nothing in life is more useful for men than these.\"\" The moral virtues are attitudes, dispositions, and good habits that govern one's actions, passions, and conduct according to reason; and are acquired by human effort. Immanuel Kant said, \"\"Virtue is the moral strength of the will in obeying the dictates of duty\"\". The cardinal virtues are prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance. Philosophers recognized the interrelatedness of the virtues such that courage without prudence risks becoming mere foolhardiness. Aquinas found an interconnection of practical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13135604", "chunk_text": "Gentleness\nGentleness Gentleness is the value and quality of one's character. Being gentle has a long history in many, but not all cultures. Gentleness is considered to play a very important role in life. The quality of gentleness is colloquially understood to be that of kindness, consideration and amiability. Aristotle used it in a technical sense as the virtue that strikes the mean with regard to anger: being too quick to anger is a vice, but so is being detached in a situation where anger is appropriate; justified and properly focused anger is named mildness or gentleness. Gentleness is a strong", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2029021", "chunk_text": "Piety\nPiety In spiritual terminology, piety is a virtue that may include religious devotion, spirituality, or a mixture of both. A common element in most conceptions of piety is humility. The word piety comes from the Latin word \"\"pietas\"\", the noun form of the adjective \"\"pius\"\" (which means \"\"devout\"\" or \"\"dutiful\"\"). \"\"Pietas\"\" in traditional Latin usage expressed a complex, highly valued Roman virtue; a man with \"\"pietas\"\" respected his responsibilities to gods, country, parents, and kin. In its strictest sense it was the sort of love a son ought to have for his father. Aeneas's consistent epithet in Virgil and other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6975030", "chunk_text": "Virtue\nmake up the seven virtues. Buddhism's four brahmavihara (\"\"Divine States\"\") can be regarded as virtues in the European sense. The Japanese Bushidō code is characterized by up to ten virtues, including rectitude, courage, and benevolence. The ancient Romans used the Latin word \"\"virtus\"\" (derived from \"\"vir\"\", their word for \"\"man\"\") to refer to all of the \"\"excellent qualities of men, including physical strength, valorous conduct, and moral rectitude.\"\" The French words \"\"vertu\"\" and \"\"virtu\"\" came from this Latin root. In the 13th century, the word \"\"virtue\"\" was \"\"borrowed into English\"\". During Egyptian civilization, Maat or Ma'at (thought to have been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2029038", "chunk_text": "Courage\nmoral virtues are justice (i.e. not violating the law) and charity. Courage as well as prudence and temperance are listed as the virtues of men. By this Hobbes means that these virtues are invested solely in the private good as opposed to the public good of justice and charity. Hobbes describes courage and prudence as a strength of mind as opposed to a goodness of manners. These virtues are always meant to act in the interests of individual while the positive and/or negative effects of society are merely a byproduct. This stems forth from the idea put forth in \"\"Leviathan\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20592903", "chunk_text": "\"Virtue ethics\"\nthe only list, however. As Alasdair MacIntyre observed in \"\"After Virtue\"\", thinkers as diverse as: Homer; the authors of the New Testament; Thomas Aquinas; and Benjamin Franklin; have all proposed lists. Some philosophers criticise virtue ethics as culturally relative. Since different people, cultures and societies often have different opinions on what constitutes a virtue, perhaps there is no one objectively right list. For example, regarding what are the most important virtues, Aristotle proposed the following nine: wisdom; prudence; justice; fortitude; courage; liberality; magnificence; magnanimity; temperance. In contrast, one modern-era philosopher proposed as the four cardinal virtues: ambition/humility; love; courage; and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13451557", "chunk_text": "\"Patience (game)\"\nof the game is to build up four blocks of cards going from ace to king in each suit, taking cards from the layout if they appear on the table. There is a vast array of variations on the patience theme, using either one or more decks of cards, with rules of varying complexity and skill levels. Many of these have been converted to electronic form and are available as computer games. The game is most likely German or Scandinavian in origin. The game became popular in France in the early 19th century, reaching Britain and America in the latter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10093843", "chunk_text": "\"Temperance (virtue)\"\ntemperance is prolific. The Old Testament emphasizes temperance as a core virtue, as evidenced in both Solomon's Book of Proverbs and in the Ten Commandments, with its admonitions against adultery and covetousness. The New Testament does so as well, with forgiveness being central to theology and self-control being one of the Fruits of the Spirit. With regard to Christian theology, the word temperance is used by the King James Version in Galatians 5:23 for the Greek word ἐγκρατεία (enkrateia), which means self-control or discipline (\"\"Strong's Concordance\"\", 1466). Thomas Aquinas promoted Plato's original virtues in addition to several others. Within the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14321305", "chunk_text": "Virtus\nthe concept was understood. Originally \"\"virtus\"\" was used to describe specifically martial courage, but it eventually grew to be used to describe a range of Roman virtues. It was often divided into different qualities including \"\"prudentia\"\" (prudence), \"\"iustitia\"\" (justice), \"\"temperantia\"\" (temperance, self-control), and \"\"fortitudo\"\" (courage). This division of virtue as a whole into cardinal virtues is today classified as virtue ethics, as described by Plato's \"\"Republic\"\" and Aristotle's \"\"Nicomachean Ethics\"\". It implies a link between \"\"virtus\"\" and the Greek concept of \"\"arete\"\". This inclusion leads to the belief that at one time \"\"virtus\"\" extended to cover a wide range of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6975040", "chunk_text": "Virtue\nand learn.\"\" In Christianity, the three theological virtues are faith, hope and love, a list which comes from 1 Corinthians 13:13 ( \"\"pistis\"\" (faith), \"\"elpis\"\" (hope), \"\"agape\"\" (love), ). The same chapter describes love as the greatest of the three, and further defines love as \"\"patient, kind, not envious, boastful, arrogant, or rude.\"\" (The Christian virtue of love is sometimes called charity and at other times a Greek word agape is used to contrast the love of God and the love of humankind from other types of love such as friendship or physical affection.) Christian scholars frequently add the four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6446888", "chunk_text": "Patience\neveryone, including oneself, will be stronger if these forbearances are one's guide. Each source of those ten pariksaha (patience and forbearances) are: The classical literature of Hinduism exists in many Indian languages. For example, \"\"Tirukkuṛaḷ\"\" written between 200 BC and 400 AD, and sometimes called the Tamil Veda, is one of the most cherished classics on Hinduism written in a South Indian language. It too discusses patience and forbearance, dedicating Chapter 16 of Book 1 to it. \"\"Tirukkuṛaḷ\"\" suggests \"\"patience\"\" is necessary for an ethical life and one's long term happiness, even if patience is sometimes difficult in the short", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1141465", "chunk_text": "\"Her Secret Is Patience\"\nHer Secret Is Patience Her Secret Is Patience is a public art sculpture commission designed by artist Janet Echelman for the city of Phoenix. Its creation was the result of collaboration between the artist and a team of award-winning engineers, architects, planners, and fabricators. It is located downtown in the Civic Space Park across from the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism at Arizona State University. The sculpture consists of painted, galvanized steel; polyester twine netting; and colored lights. The piece cost $2.5 million. The title of the piece is a quote from Ralph Waldo Emerson and during construction it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12260181", "chunk_text": "Prudence\nnotably Thomas Aquinas, as the cause, measure and form of all virtues. It is considered to be the \"\"auriga virtutum\"\" or the charioteer of the virtues. It is the cause in the sense that the virtues, which are defined to be the \"\"perfected ability\"\" of man as a spiritual person (spiritual personhood in the classical western understanding means having intelligence and free will), achieve their \"\"perfection\"\" only when they are founded upon prudence, that is to say upon the perfected ability to make right decisions. For instance, a person can live temperance when he has acquired the habit of deciding", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6975034", "chunk_text": "Virtue\ninclude: courage between cowardice and foolhardiness, and confidence between self-deprecation and vanity. In Aristotle's sense, virtue is excellence at being human. Seneca, the Roman Stoic, said that perfect prudence is indistinguishable from perfect virtue. Thus, in considering all consequences, a prudent person would act in the same way as a virtuous person. The same rationale was expressed by Plato in Meno, when he wrote that people only act in ways that they perceive will bring them maximum good. It is the lack of wisdom that results in the making of a bad choice instead of a prudent one. In this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_246	which country has the smallest population in europe?	n/a	[ "Vatican City" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1309081", "chunk_text": "\"Immigration to Europe\"\nCountries in which immigrants form between 25% and 10% of the population are: Switzerland (23%), Latvia (19%), Estonia (15%), Austria (15%), Croatia (15%), Ukraine (14.7%), Cyprus (14.3%), Ireland (14%), Moldova (13%), Germany (12.3%), Sweden (12.3%), Belarus (12%), Slovenia (11.1%), Spain (10.8%, 12.2% in 2010), France (10.2%), and the Netherlands (10%). The United Kingdom (9%), Greece (8.6%), Russia (8.5%), Finland (8.1%), Iceland (7.6%), Norway (7.4%), Portugal (7.2%), Denmark (7.1%), Belgium (6.9%) and the Czech Republic (6.7%), each have a proportion of immigrants between 10% and 5% of the total population. The European countries with the smallest proportion of immigrants as follows", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3941207", "chunk_text": "Andorra\nUrgell in Spain and the President of the Republic of France. Andorra is the sixth-smallest nation in Europe, having an area of and a population of approximately . The Andorrans are a Romance ethnic group of originally Catalan descent. Andorra is the 16th-smallest country in the world by land and 11th-smallest country by population. Its capital Andorra la Vella is the highest capital city in Europe, at an elevation of above sea level. The official language is Catalan, although Spanish, Portuguese, and French are also commonly spoken. Andorra's tourism services an estimated 10.2 million visitors annually. It is not a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17013744", "chunk_text": "\"Microstates and the European Union\"\nUnion. Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco, San Marino, and the Vatican City remain outside the Union, some because of the cost of membership as the EU has not been designed with microstates in mind. Andorra is, by population, the largest of the 5 microstates with 78,115 according to a census taken in 2011. Two other small countries, Luxembourg and Malta, are full members of the European Union and both inhabited by populations over 400,000. Iceland is considered a microstate by some, because of its small population of 320,060 per April 2012. It is a member of the European Economic Area (EEA), and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4367737", "chunk_text": "\"European Union statistics\"\nEuropean Union statistics Statistics in the European Union are collected by Eurostat (European statistics body). As of 1 January 2006, the population of the EU was about 493 million people. Many countries are expected to experience a decline in population over the coming decades, though this could be offset with new countries planning to join the EU within the next 20 years. The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 80.4 million people. France and Ireland have the highest birth-rates. The most densely populated country is the island of Malta, which is also the smallest, while the largest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12186005", "chunk_text": "\"European microstates\"\nEuropean microstates The European microstates or European ministates are a set of very small sovereign states in Europe. The term is typically used to refer to the six smallest states in Europe by area: Andorra, Liechtenstein, Malta, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City. Four of these states are monarchies (three principalities—Andorra, Liechtenstein, and Monaco—and one papacy, the Vatican City), with all these states tracing their status back to the first millennium or the early second millennium, except for Liechtenstein, created in the 17th century. Microstates are small independent states recognized by larger states, unlike micronations, which are only self-declared and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13896506", "chunk_text": "\"Central Europe\"\nIt includes countries of varied sizes, ranging from tiny Liechtenstein to Germany, the largest European country by population (that is entirely placed in Europe). Demographic figures for countries entirely located within notion of Central Europe (\"\"the core countries\"\") number around 165 million people, out of which around 83 million are residents of Germany. Other populations include: Poland with around 38.5 million residents, Czech Republic at 10.5 million, Hungary at 10 million, Austria with 8.9 million, Switzerland with its 8.5 million inhabitants, Slovakia at 5.4 million, Croatia with its 4.3 million residents, Slovenia at 2 million (2014 estimate) and Liechtenstein at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9265543", "chunk_text": "Malta\nMalta Malta (, ; ), officially known as the Republic of Malta (), is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea. It lies south of Italy, east of Tunisia, and north of Libya. With a population of about 475,000 over an area of , Malta is the world's tenth smallest and fifth most densely-populated country. Its capital is Valletta, which is the smallest national capital in the European Union by area at 0.8 km. The official languages are Maltese and English, with Maltese officially recognised as the national language and the only Semitic language", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16526103", "chunk_text": "\"Geography of the European Union\"\nthe day and about at night in January to during the day and at night in the middle of summer. The following are the longest rivers in the EU alongside their approximate lengths: The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.1 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.4 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth-rates are found in the Republic of Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year. Germany", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8755207", "chunk_text": "\"San Marino\"\nSan Marino San Marino (, ), officially the Republic of San Marino (), also known as the Most Serene Republic of San Marino (), is an enclaved microstate surrounded by Italy, situated on the Italian Peninsula on the northeastern side of the Apennine Mountains. Its size is just over , with a population of 33,562. Its capital is the City of San Marino and its largest settlement is Dogana in the municipality of Serravalle. San Marino has the smallest population of all the members of the Council of Europe. With Italian being the official language, along with strong financial and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "863729", "chunk_text": "\"Total fertility rate\"\n1.31, Cyprus, 1.32, Greece 1.33, Spain 1.33, Italy 1.35). Poland also has a very low TFR (1.32). France has the highest TFR at 1.96, followed by Ireland (1.92), Sweden (1.85), the UK (1.80) and Denmark (1.71). The other non-EU Scandinavian countries also have high TFR (Iceland 1.80, Norway 1.72). In the non-EU European post-Soviet states group in 2016, Russia has a TFR of 1.61, Moldova 1.56, Ukraine 1.54, and Belarus 1.48. In former Yugoslavian states, Bosnia has a very low TFR, at only 1.28, the lowest of the whole of Europe. Emigration of young adults from Eastern Europe to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5938484", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of the European Union\"\nDemographics of the European Union The demographics of the European Union show a highly populated, culturally diverse union of 28 member states. As of 1 January 2018, the population of the EU is about 512.6 million people. The most populous member state is Germany, with an estimated 82.8 million people, and the least populous member state is Malta with 0.48 million. Birth rates in the EU are low with the average woman having 1.6 children. The highest birth-rates are found in Ireland with 16.876 births per thousand people per year and France with 13.013 births per thousand people per year.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12186012", "chunk_text": "\"European microstates\"\nof Grand Fenwick. The novel was later adapted to a play and film. Some of the European microstates are members of the Games of the Small States of Europe (GSSE); several of the island dependencies compete in the Island Games, alongside several other island dependencies from elsewhere in the world. Countries that participate at the Games of the Small States of Europe are: Andorra, Cyprus, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro and San Marino. European microstates The European microstates or European ministates are a set of very small sovereign states in Europe. The term is typically used to refer to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15140907", "chunk_text": "Monaco\nMonaco Monaco (; ), officially the Principality of Monaco (), is a sovereign city-state, country and microstate on the French Riviera in Western Europe. France borders the country on three sides while the other side borders the Mediterranean Sea. Monaco is also located close to Italy, although it has no direct border. Monaco has an area of , making it the second-smallest country in the world after the Vatican. Its population was about 38,400 based on the last census of 2016. With 19,009 inhabitants per km², it is the most densely-populated sovereign state in the world. Monaco has a land", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4793723", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of Liechtenstein\"\nDemographics of Liechtenstein This article is about the demographic features of the population of Liechtenstein, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Liechtenstein is the fourth smallest country of Europe, after the Vatican City, Monaco, and San Marino. Its population is primarily ethnic Alemannic, although a third of its resident population are foreign nationals, primarily German speakers from the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, and the Swiss Confederation, other Swiss, Italians, and Turks. Nationals are referred to by the plural: Liechtensteiners. The official language is German; most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17013745", "chunk_text": "\"Microstates and the European Union\"\nis recognized as an official candidate for accession to the Union, though the negotiations have been suspended. If Iceland accedes to become an EU member state, it would enter as the smallest EU state measured by population, although twelfth largest by geographical size. Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, and the Vatican City use the euro through monetary agreements with the EU, and have been granted the right to issue a limited number of euro coins. They were allowed to do so as they had used or been tied to the old eurozone currencies. Liechtenstein, on the other hand, uses the Swiss", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11555497", "chunk_text": "\"San Marino\"\nas its currency. San Marino is an enclave (landlocked) surrounded by Italy in Southern Europe, on the border between the \"\"regioni\"\" of Emilia Romagna and Marche and about from the Adriatic coast at Rimini. Its hilly topography, with no flat ground, is part of the Apennine mountain range. The highest point in the country, the summit of Monte Titano, is above sea level. There are no bodies of water of any significant size. San Marino is the third smallest country in Europe, with only Vatican City and Monaco being smaller. It is also the fifth smallest country in the world.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9257599", "chunk_text": "Monaco\ntourist office. This is located on the far side of the gardens that face the Casino. Monaco Monaco (; ), officially the Principality of Monaco (), is a sovereign city-state, country and microstate on the French Riviera in Western Europe. France borders the country on three sides while the other side borders the Mediterranean Sea. Monaco is also located close to Italy, although it has no direct border. Monaco has an area of , making it the second-smallest country in the world after the Vatican. Its population was about 38,400 based on the last census of 2016. With 19,009 inhabitants", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11794358", "chunk_text": "Europe\n2008. It impacted much of the region. In 2010, fears of a sovereign debt crisis developed concerning some countries in Europe, especially Greece, Ireland, Spain, and Portugal. As a result, measures were taken, especially for Greece, by the leading countries of the Eurozone. The EU-27 unemployment rate was 10.3% in 2012. For those aged 15–24 it was 22.4%. In 2017, the population of Europe was estimated to be 742 million according to , which is slightly more than one-ninth of the world's population. This number includes Asian Russia (Siberia, about 36 million people) but excludes the European part of Turkey,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3326376", "chunk_text": "Liechtenstein\nin line with other European countries with regard to its taxation of private individuals and corporate assets. Population-wise, Liechtenstein is the fourth smallest country of Europe; only Vatican City, San Marino, and Monaco have fewer residents. Its population is primarily Alemannic-speaking, although one third is foreign-born, primarily German speakers from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland, along with other Swiss, Italians, and Turks. Foreign-born people make up two-thirds of the country's workforce. Liechtensteiners have an average life expectancy at birth of 80.31 years, subdividing as male: 76.86 years, female: 83.77 years (2011 est.). The infant mortality rate is 4.64 deaths per 1,000", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2577538", "chunk_text": "\"Games of the Small States of Europe\"\nMembers all have a population of less than one million people (Cyprus is the only exception, however its population was below one million in 1984). Participating countries are: The Faroe Islands are also seeking to compete at the Games; however, unlike the other participants, the Islands are neither an independent state (they are an autonomous part of Denmark) nor are they an EOC member. At the 2013 Games 11 disciplines were contested (with both men's and women's divisions): Updated after the 2017 Games of the Small States of Europe. Games of the Small States of Europe The Games of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10525589", "chunk_text": "Microstate\nor demographic constraints.\"\" In line with this and most other definitions, examples of microstates include Liechtenstein, Monaco, San Marino, Andorra, the Cook Islands, Niue, and the Federated States of Micronesia. The smallest political unit recognized as a sovereign state is Vatican City, with 842 citizens as of July 2013 and an area of only . However, some scholars dispute qualifying the Vatican as a state, arguing that it does not meet the \"\"traditional criteria of statehood\"\" and that the \"\"special status of the Vatican City is probably best regarded as a means of ensuring that the Pope can freely exercise", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1309085", "chunk_text": "\"Immigration to Europe\"\ncountries were predominantly European: the United Kingdom (46 million), France (39 million), Spain (31 million), Germany (26 million). The study also compared the number of potential migrants to their desired destination's population, resulting in a \"\"Net Migration Index\"\" expressing potential population growth. This list is headed by Singapore, which would experience population growth by +219%. Among European countries, Switzerland would experience the highest growth, by +150%, followed by Sweden (+78%), Spain (+74%), Ireland (+66%), the United Kingdom (+62%) and France (+60%). The European countries with highest potential population loss are Kosovo and Macedonia, with -28% each. Immigration to Europe Immigration", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3326341", "chunk_text": "Liechtenstein\nLiechtenstein Liechtenstein ( ; ), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (), is a doubly landlocked German-speaking microstate in Central Europe. The principality is a constitutional monarchy headed by the Prince of Liechtenstein. Liechtenstein is bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and Austria to the east and north. It has an area of just over , the fourth smallest country in Europe and has a population of 37,877. Divided into 11 municipalities, its capital is Vaduz, and its largest municipality is Schaan. It is also the smallest country to border two countries. Economically, Liechtenstein has one of the highest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2731308", "chunk_text": "\"Elections in Malta\"\nconstitutional amendments that allows for mechanisms to establish strict proportionality amongst seats and votes of political parliamentary groups. Malta, the smallest EU member state, includes around 0.01% of the total EU population. Maltese voters elect 6 MEPs (5 until 2011) to the European Parliament, or one every 69,342 voter - the lowest population-per-seat ratio in the EU, 10 times smaller than the EU average (680,000) and 20 times smaller than the largest European Parliament constituency. Malta is thus the extreme case in the curve of the regressive proportionality function that allocates European Parliament seats to EU Member States constituencies. European", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "484438", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of Europe\"\nand Pfeil (2004) count 87 distinct \"\"peoples of Europe\"\", of which 33 form the majority population in at least one sovereign state, while the remaining 54 constitute ethnic minorities. The total number of national minority populations in Europe is estimated at 105 million people, or 14% of 770 million Europeans. (including Europeans in Asian Russia) The largest ethnic groups are the Russians, of whom 92 million reside in Europe and the Germans, with 72 million. In some countries such as the United Kingdom, France and Spain, the designation of nationality may controversially take on ethnic aspects, subsuming smaller ethnic groups", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17106479", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of the European Union\"\nper female, the total fertility rate of the EU started to increase again, to reach a level of 1.60 in 2008. The positive trend was observed in all member states with the exception of Luxembourg, Malta and Portugal. The largest increases over this period were observed in Bulgaria (from 1.23 children per woman in 2003 to 1.57 in 2009), Slovenia (from 1.20 to 1.53), the Czech Republic (from 1.18 to 1.49) and Lithuania (from 1.26 to 1.55). In 2009, the Member States with the highest fertility rates were Ireland (2.06), France (2.00), Sweden (1.94), and the United Kingdom (1.90), all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17106480", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of the European Union\"\napproaching the replacement level of 2.1 children born per female. The lowest rates were observed in Latvia (1.31), Hungary and Portugal (both 1.32) and Germany (1.36). The increasing fertility rate has also been accompanied by an upward trend in the natural increase of the population which is due to the moderate increase of the crude birth rate that reached 10.9 births per 1000 inhabitants in 2008, an increase of 0.3 compared with 2007. The increase was observed in all member countries except Germany. The EU crude death rate remained stable at 9.7 per 1000 inhabitants. The relatively low fertility rate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "159504", "chunk_text": "\"Athletic Association of Small States of Europe\"\nassociation only accepts membership applications from European states with a population under one million. All eligible states are currently members with the exception of Vatican City, which does not participate in international athletic competitions. The AASSE states participated as a combined team in the European Cup. With the European Team Championships from 2009 onwards, Andorra, Cyprus, Iceland, Luxembourg, Malta and Montenegro now compete separately, while Gibraltar, San Marino, Monaco and Liechtenstein still compete together as the AASSE. The AASSE members also host and participate in the Games of the Small States of Europe (GSSE), a biennial multi-sport competition with twelve", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15628961", "chunk_text": "\"Andorra national football team\"\nAndorra national football team The Andorra national football team () represents Andorra in association football and is controlled by the Andorran Football Federation, the governing body for football in Andorra. The team has enjoyed very little success due to the Principality's tiny population, the fifth smallest of any UEFA country (only Liechtenstein, San Marino, Gibraltar and the Faroe Islands are smaller). Andorra's first official game was a 6–1 defeat in a friendly match to Estonia in 1996. Since the qualifying rounds for the UEFA Euro 2000 tournament, Andorra have competed in qualifying for every European Championship and World Cup but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11828733", "chunk_text": "\"Andorra national football team\"\nAndorra national football team The Andorra national football team () represents Andorra in association football and is controlled by the Andorran Football Federation, the governing body for football in Andorra. The team has enjoyed very little success due to the Principality's tiny population, the fifth smallest of any UEFA country (only Liechtenstein, San Marino, Gibraltar and the Faroe Islands are smaller). Andorra's first official game was a 6–1 defeat in a friendly match to Estonia in 1996. Since the qualifying rounds for the UEFA Euro 2000 tournament, Andorra have competed in qualifying for every European Championship and World Cup but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16319290", "chunk_text": "\"Trams in Europe\"\n(Voronezh). Saint Petersburg's tramway network is largest in Europe, once had been the largest in the world, but has yielded its position to Melbourne. Tram in Molochne (Crimea, Ukraine) – is the smallest tram system in the world. Trams in Europe Europe has an extensive number of tramway networks. Some of these networks have been upgraded to light rail standards, called \"\"Stadtbahn\"\" in Germany, premetros in Belgium, \"\"\"\" in the Netherlands, and fast trams in some other countries. All the former communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, excluding Lithuania, the Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Moldova and Slovenia, have extensive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2071149", "chunk_text": "\"Geography of Andorra\"\nGeography of Andorra Andorra is a small, landlocked country in southwestern Europe, located in the eastern Pyrenees mountain range and bordered by Spain and France. With an area of 468 km², it is the sixth smallest country in Europe and also the largest of the European microstates. Andorra consists predominantly of rugged mountains, the highest being the Coma Pedrosa at , and the average elevation of Andorra is . These are dissected by three narrow valleys in a Y shape that combine into one as the main stream, the Gran Valira river, leaves the country for Spain (at Andorra's lowest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2484837", "chunk_text": "\"Latvia national basketball team\"\nwith Switzerland, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Romania and Argentina. The Latvians won the first European basketball championship, the EuroBasket 1935 held by the International Basketball Federation's FIBA Europe continental federation. They defeated Hungary in the preliminary round, Switzerland in the semifinals, and Spain in the final to finish atop the ten-nation field. Latvia held their opponents to 49 points over three games, the lowest points-against average in the tournament. Their scoring rate, 98 points over three games for 32.67 points per game, was second only to France. Latvia is the smallest country in population to win the EuroBasket. In 2012,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1216130", "chunk_text": "\"Southern Europe\"\ncultural attributes. Southern Europe can also be defined by its natural features — its geography, climate, and flora. Politically, seven of the Southern European states form the EU Med group. Geographically, Southern Europe is the southern half of the landmass of Europe. This definition is relative, although largely based in history, culture, climate, and flora which is shared across the region. It includes southwestern Europe: the Iberian Peninsula (Andorra, Portugal and Spain), including the minor territory of Gibraltar. Then Italy and the micro-states of San Marino and the Vatican City. Southeastern Europe includes Greece, Kosovo, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15104845", "chunk_text": "Luxembourg\nformer Yugoslavia, and has participated with a small contingent in the current NATO SFOR mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Luxembourg troops have also deployed to Afghanistan, to support ISAF. The army has also participated in humanitarian relief missions such as setting up refugee camps for Kurds and providing emergency supplies to Albania. Luxembourg is one of the smallest countries in Europe, and ranked 169th in size of all the 194 independent countries of the world; the country is about in size, and measures long and wide. It lies between latitudes 49° and 51° N, and longitudes 5° and 7° E", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4793720", "chunk_text": "Liechtenstein\nincursion and offered official apologies, to which an internal ministry spokesperson responded, \"\"No problem, these things happen.\"\" Liechtenstein Liechtenstein ( ; ), officially the Principality of Liechtenstein (), is a doubly landlocked German-speaking microstate in Central Europe. The principality is a constitutional monarchy headed by the Prince of Liechtenstein. Liechtenstein is bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and Austria to the east and north. It has an area of just over , the fourth smallest country in Europe and has a population of 37,877. Divided into 11 municipalities, its capital is Vaduz, and its largest municipality is Schaan.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5851535", "chunk_text": "\"Small European Postal Administration Cooperation\"\nCity do not participate in these issues. The following criteria are requisites for membership: The Secretary of SEPAC is Andrée Valentine, Jersey Post's Head of Philatelic Services. Small European Postal Administration Cooperation The Small European Postal Administration Cooperation (SEPAC; also \"\"...Cooperations\"\"; also Small European Postal Administrations Cooperation) is an association of 14 European postal authorities: Åland, the Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Greenland, Guernsey, Iceland, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City. Luxembourg was not originally a member of SEPAC but it joined at the end of 2006. SEPAC is smaller than PostEurop. The first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "990646", "chunk_text": "\"Population decline\"\nrise in population when the population has already tipped into decline. A number of nations today are declining in population: this is occurring in a region stretching from North Asia (Japan) through Eastern Europe, including Romania, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Bulgaria, Georgia, and into Central and Western Europe, including Albania, Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia, Hungary, and now Greece, Italy and Portugal, in addition to Puerto Rico in the Caribbean. Countries rapidly approaching population declines in the 2020-25 period include Spain, Germany, and Slovenia. Russia also faces long-term population decline, although the trend has been stalled through a reversal of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11555496", "chunk_text": "\"San Marino\"\ncoalition between the Sammarinese Communist Party and the Sammarinese Socialist Party, which held office between 1945 and 1957. San Marino is the world's smallest republic, although when Nauru gained independence in 1968 it challenged that claim, Nauru's land mass being only . However Nauru's jurisdiction over its surrounding waters covers , an area thousands of times greater than the territory of San Marino. San Marino became a member of the Council of Europe in 1988 and of the United Nations in 1992. It is neither a member of the European Union, nor of the Eurozone although it uses the euro", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5938487", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of the European Union\"\nstates, including Belgium, Sweden, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, France, and the UK. In 2010, 47.3 million people living in the EU, or 9.4% of the total population, had been born outside their resident country. Of these, 31.4 million (6.3%) had been born outside the EU; 16.0 million (3.2%) had been born in another member state. The largest absolute numbers of people born outside the EU were in Germany (6.4 million), France (5.1 million), the United Kingdom (4.7 million), Spain (4.1 million), Italy (3.2 million), and the Netherlands (1.4 million). Spain in particular receives most of the immigrants coming illegally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5649773", "chunk_text": "\"Vatican City\"\nVatican City Vatican City (), officially Vatican City State (; ), is an independent city-state enclaved within Rome, Italy. Established with the Lateran Treaty (1929), it is distinct from yet under \"\"full ownership, exclusive dominion, and sovereign authority and jurisdiction\"\" of the Holy See (). With an area of 44 hectares (110 acres), and a population of about 1,000, it is the smallest state in the world by both area and population. The Vatican City is an ecclesiastical or sacerdotal-monarchical state (a type of theocracy) ruled by the pope who is, religiously speaking, the bishop of Rome and head of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2231773", "chunk_text": "\"Ethnic groups in Europe\"\nEurope have become a noticeable minority. According to the Pew Forum, the total number of Muslims in Europe in 2010 was about 44 million (6%), while the total number of Muslims in the European Union in 2007 was about 16 million (3.2%). Judaism has a long history in Europe, but is a small minority religion, with France (1%) the only European country with a Jewish population in excess of 0.5%. The Jewish population of Europe is composed primarily of two groups, the Ashkenazi and the Sephardi. Ancestors of Ashkenazi Jews likely migrated to Central Europe at least as early as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11794359", "chunk_text": "Europe\nCyprus and the Transcaucasian countries. A century ago, Europe had nearly a quarter of the world's population. The population of Europe has grown in the past century, but in other areas of the world (in particular Africa and Asia) the population has grown far more quickly. Among the continents, Europe has a relatively high population density, second only to Asia. Most of Europe is in a mode of Sub-replacement fertility, which means that each new(-born) generation is being less populous than the older. The most densely populated country in Europe (and in the world) is the microstate of Monaco. Pan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1309080", "chunk_text": "\"Immigration to Europe\"\nEuropean countries that have the highest net foreign populations are: The European countries with the highest proportion or percentage of non-native residents are small nations or microstates. Andorra is the country in Europe with the highest percentage of immigrants, 77% of the country's 82,000 inhabitants. Monaco is the second with the highest percentage of immigrants, they make up 70% of the total population of 32,000; and Luxembourg is the third, immigrants are 37% of the total of 480,000; in Liechtenstein they are 35% of the 34,000 people; and in San Marino they comprise 32% of the country's population of 29,000.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8620110", "chunk_text": "\"Uruguay national football team\"\npopulation of around 3.4 million inhabitants (2011 est.). Uruguay is by far the smallest country in the world to have won a World Cup in terms of population, 1.75 million inhabitants in 1930. The second-smallest country, by population, to have won the World Cup is Argentina with a population of nearly 28 million people in 1978. Uruguay is also the smallest country ever to win any World Cup medals; only six FIFA member nations with a currently smaller population than Uruguay's have ever qualified to any World Cup: Northern Ireland (three times), Slovenia (twice), Wales, Jamaica, Trinidad and Tobago and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16888094", "chunk_text": "\"Small European Postal Administration Cooperation\"\nSmall European Postal Administration Cooperation The Small European Postal Administration Cooperation (SEPAC; also \"\"...Cooperations\"\"; also Small European Postal Administrations Cooperation) is an association of 14 European postal authorities: Åland, the Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Greenland, Guernsey, Iceland, the Isle of Man, Jersey, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City. Luxembourg was not originally a member of SEPAC but it joined at the end of 2006. SEPAC is smaller than PostEurop. The first joint issue of SEPAC postage stamps occurred on October 1, 2007, and the next in 2009; the sixth one was in September 2015. San Marino and Vatican", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13639183", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of Kosovo\"\npopulation at 1,870,981. Kosovo has the youngest population in Europe. Half of its roughly 2-million-strong population is under the age of 25, according to a recent report of the UN Development Programme, UNDP. According to the government data, it is estimated that more than 65 percent of the population are younger than 30. While Kosovo's birth rate remains the highest in Europe, the only municipalities with population growth are Albanian minority enclaves in the south next to Kosovo. The final results of the 2011 census recorded Kosovo (excluding North Kosovo) as having 1,739,825 inhabitants. The European Centre for Minority Issues", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5938492", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of the European Union\"\nBelgium, the Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, the Netherlands and Sweden) has been noted and church attendance (percentage wise of the total population by country) in northern and western Europe is typically in the single digits. European indigenous (or native) religions are still alive in small and diverse minorities, especially in Scandinavia, Baltic states, Italy and Greece. The recent influx of immigrants to the affluent EU nations has brought in various religions of their native homelands, including Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism and the Bahá'í Faith. Judaism has had a long history in Europe and has coexisted with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3326405", "chunk_text": "\"Demographics of Liechtenstein\"\nchildren born/woman (2011 est.) HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: N/A% HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: N/A HIV/AIDS - deaths: N/A Nationality:<br> \"\"noun:\"\" Liechtensteiner(s)<br> \"\"adjective:\"\" Liechtenstein Languages: German (official), Alemannic dialect Literacy:<br> (1 in the world) \"\"definition:\"\" age 10 and over can read and write<br> \"\"total population:\"\" 100%<br> \"\"male:\"\" 100%<br> \"\"female:\"\" 100% Demographics of Liechtenstein This article is about the demographic features of the population of Liechtenstein, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population. Liechtenstein is the fourth smallest country of Europe, after the Vatican City, Monaco,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8490934", "chunk_text": "Finland\nFinnish, a Uralic language unrelated to the Scandinavian languages; next come the Finland-Swedes (5.3%). Finland is the eighth-largest country in Europe and the most sparsely populated country in the European Union. The sovereign state is a parliamentary republic with a central government based in the capital city of Helsinki, local governments in 311 municipalities, and one autonomous region, the Åland Islands. Over 1.4 million people live in the Greater Helsinki metropolitan area, which produces one third of the country's GDP. Finland was inhabited when the last ice age ended, approximately 9000 BCE. The first settlers left behind artefacts that present", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_247	who plays elsa's aunt in once upon a time?	n/a	[ "Elizabeth Mitchell" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9889501", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Once Upon a Time)\"\nElsa (Once Upon a Time) Elsa appears as a recurring character in the fourth season of the television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\", where she is portrayed by Georgina Haig. Elsa is loosely based on a character of the same name from the \"\"Frozen\"\" franchise. At the end of the show's third season finale, \"\"There's No Place Like Home\"\", Emma Swan (Snow White and Prince Charming's daughter) and Captain Hook accidentally bring back an urn from Rumplestiltskin's vault after their excursion into the past. The urn releases a blue liquid that coalesces into Elsa. She takes off her glove and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4773461", "chunk_text": "\"Anna Faith\"\nAnna Faith Ariana Faith Carlson (born November 21, 1995), known professionally as Anna Faith, is an Instagram model and cosplayer from Florida. She is best known for impersonating the character of Queen Elsa from the Disney animated film \"\"Frozen\"\". Carlson grew up with her sister Lexus Grace in Daytona Beach, Florida. Her parents are Jim and Karen Carlson. Her mother created the Elsa dress that she wears when performing. She has been publicly performing and modelling since she was in the second grade. She graduated high school in 2014. Her sister, Lexus Grace, portrays the other famous character from \"\"Frozen\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18496157", "chunk_text": "\"Jaime Murray\"\nJaime Murray Jaime Murray (born 21 July 1976) is an English actress, known for playing Stacie Monroe in the BBC series \"\"Hustle\"\" (2004–2012), Lila Tourray in the Showtime series \"\"Dexter\"\" (2007), Gaia in the Starz miniseries \"\"\"\" (2011), Olivia Charles in The CW series \"\"Ringer\"\" (2011–2012), Helena G. Wells in the Syfy series \"\"Warehouse 13\"\" (2010–2014), Stahma Tarr in the Syfy series \"\"Defiance\"\" (2013–2015), Fiona/the Black Fairy in the ABC series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" (2016–2017) and Antoinette in the CW series \"\"The Originals\"\" (2018). Murray was born in London, England, to Elaine and English actor Billy Murray. She was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19213770", "chunk_text": "\"Bailee Madison\"\nBailee Madison Bailee Madison (born October 15, 1999) is an American actress. In film, she played May Belle Aarons in \"\"Bridge to Terabithia\"\" (2007), Isabelle in \"\"Brothers\"\" (2009), Sally Hurst in \"\"Don't Be Afraid of the Dark\"\" (2010), Maggie in \"\"Just Go with It\"\" (2011), Harper Simmons in \"\"Parental Guidance\"\" (2012), and Kinsey in \"\"\"\" (2018). On television, she made guest appearances as Maxine Russo in \"\"Wizards of Waverly Place\"\" and young Snow White in \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She also has a recurring role as Sophia Quinn in \"\"The Fosters\"\". In 2015, she began starring as Grace Russell in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19213779", "chunk_text": "\"Bailee Madison\"\ntheir own lemonade stands. Bailee Madison Bailee Madison (born October 15, 1999) is an American actress. In film, she played May Belle Aarons in \"\"Bridge to Terabithia\"\" (2007), Isabelle in \"\"Brothers\"\" (2009), Sally Hurst in \"\"Don't Be Afraid of the Dark\"\" (2010), Maggie in \"\"Just Go with It\"\" (2011), Harper Simmons in \"\"Parental Guidance\"\" (2012), and Kinsey in \"\"\"\" (2018). On television, she made guest appearances as Maxine Russo in \"\"Wizards of Waverly Place\"\" and young Snow White in \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She also has a recurring role as Sophia Quinn in \"\"The Fosters\"\". In 2015, she began starring", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16526515", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Frozen)\"\nElsa has become very popular in the cosplaying community. Cosplayer Anna Faith is well known for cosplaying as Elsa at charities, comic-cons, and other events. Queen Elsa appears at the conclusion of the ABC fantasy drama series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\"'s third season, released from an urn in which she had been sealed. She walks into Storybrooke searching for Anna. In the fourth season, she forges an ice wall that seals the town in and learns she has an aunt she was never told about named Ingrid who has the same ice powers as her. She is a proponent of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4773465", "chunk_text": "\"Anna Faith\"\nthe best cosplayers to appear at the Chicago Comic and Entertainment Expo. She also entertains cancer patients. Carlson and her sister travel together with their mother and manager Karen for hospital visits, charity events, fundraisers, and schools. Anna Faith Ariana Faith Carlson (born November 21, 1995), known professionally as Anna Faith, is an Instagram model and cosplayer from Florida. She is best known for impersonating the character of Queen Elsa from the Disney animated film \"\"Frozen\"\". Carlson grew up with her sister Lexus Grace in Daytona Beach, Florida. Her parents are Jim and Karen Carlson. Her mother created the Elsa", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10666642", "chunk_text": "\"Katie McGrath\"\nKatie McGrath Katie McGrath () is an Irish actress. In television, she is best known for portraying Morgana on the BBC One series \"\"Merlin\"\" (2008–2012), Lucy Westenra on the British-American series \"\"Dracula\"\" (2013–2014), Sarah Bennett in the first season of the Canadian horror anthology series \"\"Slasher\"\" (2016) and for her role as Lena Luthor on the American superhero series \"\"Supergirl\"\" (2016–present). Her film roles include Lady Thelma Furness in the drama film \"\"W.E.\"\" and Jules Daley in the Christmas movie delight \"\"A Princess for Christmas\"\", (2011), Zara in the science fiction adventure film \"\"Jurassic World\"\" (2015) and Elsa in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18338257", "chunk_text": "\"Nadezhda Panayotova\"\nNadezhda Panayotova Nadezhda Plamenova Panayotova (Bulgarian: Надежда Пламенова Панайотова; born 26 December 1979) is a Bulgarian voice actress and singer best known for dubbing the voices of Elsa (in \"\"Frozen\"\") and Rapunzel (in \"\"Tangled\"\") into Bulgarian. She holds a Masters Degree of Public Speech, and is a lecturer in Law at the National Theater Academy in Krastyo Sarafov and at MONTFIZ Schools. In 2015, she married Filipino-American singer and video game producer Jerson Sapida. According to a Twitter user, Sapida and Panayotova were known to fans, that they both share the same age, have great chemistry and born in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6868189", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (TV series)\"\ntheir original memories by the Evil Queen Regina (Lana Parrilla) who used a powerful curse obtained from Rumplestiltskin (Robert Carlyle). The residents of Storybrooke, where Regina is mayor, have lived an unchanging existence for 28 years, unaware of their own lack of aging. The town's only hope lies with a bail-bonds person named Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison), the daughter of Snow White (Ginnifer Goodwin) and Prince Charming (Josh Dallas), who was transported from the Enchanted Forest to the real world via a magic tree as an infant before she could be cursed. As such, she is the only person who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9268895", "chunk_text": "\"Rocky Road (Once Upon a Time)\"\nto the palace to get to know Elsa, and reveals to her that she is her aunt after she looks at a portrait of Elsa's parents. She also tells Elsa about finding others like them who may have met the same fate as her. Elsa has literally frozen Storybrooke, and hopes to find her sister, Anna (Elizabeth Lail). She accompanies Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison) to try to break down the wall of ice she created around Storybrooke, but her powers aren't strong enough to melt the barrier. The two, along with Hook, pay Gold a visit and to find out", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1733847", "chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Morrison\"\nJennifer Morrison Jennifer Marie Morrison (born April 12, 1979) is an American actress, producer, director, and former child model. She is known for her roles as Dr. Allison Cameron in the medical-drama series \"\"House\"\" (2004–2012) and Emma Swan in the ABC adventure-fantasy series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" (2011–2017, 2018). She has also portrayed Zoey Pierson, one of Ted Mosby's love interests on the comedy series \"\"How I Met Your Mother\"\"; Winona Kirk, mother of James T. Kirk in the 2009 science-fiction film \"\"Star Trek\"\"; and Tess Conlon in the 2011 sports drama film \"\"Warrior\"\". She made her feature film directorial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1733858", "chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Morrison\"\nJennifer Morrison Jennifer Marie Morrison (born April 12, 1979) is an American actress, producer, director, and former child model. She is known for her roles as Dr. Allison Cameron in the medical-drama series \"\"House\"\" (2004–2012) and Emma Swan in the ABC adventure-fantasy series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" (2011–2017, 2018). She has also portrayed Zoey Pierson, one of Ted Mosby's love interests on the comedy series \"\"How I Met Your Mother\"\"; Winona Kirk, mother of James T. Kirk in the 2009 science-fiction film \"\"Star Trek\"\"; and Tess Conlon in the 2011 sports drama film \"\"Warrior\"\". She made her feature film directorial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18338258", "chunk_text": "\"Nadezhda Panayotova\"\nsame year as each other. Nadezhda Panayotova Nadezhda Plamenova Panayotova (Bulgarian: Надежда Пламенова Панайотова; born 26 December 1979) is a Bulgarian voice actress and singer best known for dubbing the voices of Elsa (in \"\"Frozen\"\") and Rapunzel (in \"\"Tangled\"\") into Bulgarian. She holds a Masters Degree of Public Speech, and is a lecturer in Law at the National Theater Academy in Krastyo Sarafov and at MONTFIZ Schools. In 2015, she married Filipino-American singer and video game producer Jerson Sapida. According to a Twitter user, Sapida and Panayotova were known to fans, that they both share the same age, have great", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10904986", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Frozen)\"\nArendelle, heiress to the throne and the elder sister of Princess Anna (Kristen Bell). Elsa has the magical ability to create and manipulate ice and snow. She inadvertently sends Arendelle into an eternal winter on the evening of her coronation. Throughout the film, she struggles first with controlling and concealing her abilities and then with liberating herself from her fears of unintentionally harming others, especially her younger sister. The Snow Queen character, neutral but cold-hearted in the original fairytale and villain in numerous adaptations of the character, proved difficult to adapt to film due to her transparent depiction. Several film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13852063", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (season 1)\"\n(Jennifer Morrison) is reunited with Henry Mills (Jared S. Gilmore)—the son she gave up for adoption ten years previous—and takes him back to his hometown of Storybrooke, Maine—a place where nothing is what it seems. Henry has in his possession a large book of fairy tales and is convinced that Emma is the daughter of Snow White (Ginnifer Goodwin) and Prince Charming (Josh Dallas), who sent her away so she would be protected from a powerful curse enacted by the Evil Queen (Lana Parrilla), a curse in which the queen is the only one with a happy ending. It's because", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7239069", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (season 4)\"\nfellow cast members Jennifer Morrison as Emma Swan, Josh Dallas as Prince Charming / David Nolan, Colin O'Donoghue as Captain Killian \"\"Hook\"\" Jones and Jared S. Gilmore as Henry Mills, Lana Parrilla as the Evil Queen / Regina Mills and Emilie de Ravin as Belle. De Ravin also confirmed Robert Carlyle's return as Rumpelstiltskin / Mr. Gold, through a photo on her Instagram. On July 1, 2014, it was announced that Scott Michael Foster had been cast as \"\"Frozen\"\" character Kristoff and Elizabeth Lail as Anna. The following day, it was announced Georgina Haig had been cast as Elsa. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5150739", "chunk_text": "\"Rosamund Kwan\"\nRosamund Kwan Rosamund Kwan Chi Lam (born Kwan Kar Wai on 24 September 1962), is a former Hong Kong actress, best known for starring as the female lead \"\"Thirteenth Aunt\"\" in the 1990s \"\"Once Upon a Time in China\"\" film series. She had since retired from acting in 2007. Kwan was born in British Hong Kong. Her father, Shaw Brothers star Kwan Shan, was from Shenyang, Liaoning, China and was of Manchu ethnicity. Her mother, Cheung Bing-sai (張冰茜), was from Shanghai and was also an actress. Growing up, Kwan attended Maryknoll Convent School in Kowloon Tong. Kwan's first acting role", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9889504", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Once Upon a Time)\"\nis somehow responsible for Elsa's trapping in her urn, a woman with similar powers to Elsa. They soon discover that the Snow Queen is Elsa's aunt, Ingrid, who was forgotten from Arendelle when Elsa's mother, Gerda, used the power of the troll king to erase everyones memory of her, not wishing for the world to remember how Ingrid accidentally killed their third sister, Helga. Ingrid soon discovered a prophecy that stated she would one day have the love of her sisters again. With Ingrid's sisters dead however, she believed she would be forced to create new sisters. For this, she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9889509", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Once Upon a Time)\"\nArendelle, Elsa shrunk and trapped him and the Jolly Roger inside a bottle, unknowingly trapping Ariel inside as well. With the introduction of \"\"Frozen\"\" characters, the season 4 of \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" saw a 31-percent increase in ratings from the autumn of 2013 (9.3 million viewers), marking its best ratings in almost two years. Elsa (Once Upon a Time) Elsa appears as a recurring character in the fourth season of the television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\", where she is portrayed by Georgina Haig. Elsa is loosely based on a character of the same name from the \"\"Frozen\"\" franchise.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6868196", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (TV series)\"\nthe first eleven episodes running from September to December 2014, and the later half from March to May 2015. A new storyline incorporating elements from \"\"Frozen\"\" was revealed when the time travel events of the previous season lead to the accidental arrival of Elsa (Georgina Haig) from the Enchanted Forest of the past to present-day Storybrooke. As she searches for her sister Anna (Elizabeth Lail) with the aid of the main characters, they encounter the Snow Queen (Elizabeth Mitchell). Meanwhile, Regina seeks the Author of Henry's \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" book so that she can finally have her happy ending.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20024560", "chunk_text": "\"Mackenzie Foy\"\nEllen Burstyn, who had played her grandmother the previous year in \"\"Wish You Well\"\". She provided the voice of Celestine in the English dub of \"\"Ernest & Celestine\"\" (2012), Violet in \"\"The Boxcar Children\"\" (2014) and The Little Girl in \"\"The Little Prince\"\" (2015). In July, it was announced that Foy would play Clara in 2018 in the film \"\"The Nutcracker and the Four Realms\"\". Mackenzie Foy Mackenzie Christine Foy (born November 10, 2000) is an American actress. She is known for appearing as Renesmee Cullen in the 2012 film \"\"\"\", which earned her a Young Artist Award nomination as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3756450", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Frozen)\"\nBella and Spencer Lacey Ganus were cast to portray Elsa as a young child and as a teenager, respectively. Actress and singer Megan Mullally was originally cast to voice an adult Elsa. but was replaced by Idina Menzel, a Broadway actress and singer best known for performing as Elphaba in \"\"Wicked\"\". Menzel already knew Kristen Bell, who voiced Anna, and had previously auditioned for a lead role in the 2010 Disney film \"\"Tangled\"\". She was not cast for the part, but the casting director recorded her singing and later showed the recording to \"\"Frozen\"\"s film executives. Menzel was surprised when", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10905043", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Frozen)\"\nbut criticized the choice to illustrate her growing confidence by changing her appearance; Stevens further expressed concern that the switch from the character's modest coronation gown to \"\"a slinky, slit-to-the-thigh dress with a transparent snowflake-patterned train and a pair of silver-white high heels\"\" and a hairstyle that suggested \"\"come-hither bad-girl seduction\"\" was overly sexual. Christy Lemire compared Elsa to Carrie White, another well-known fictional female who unleashes magical powers when agitated. Idina Menzel also received praise for her singing, with Amon Warmann of \"\"Cine Vue\"\" saying her voice \"\"positively soars in these musical ballads\"\". Reviewers frequently focused on her performance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19931365", "chunk_text": "\"Caitlin Dulany\"\nin Manhattan. After graduating from Northwestern University with a BA in Theatre, she went on to pursue her acting career in both New York and Los Angeles. She has appeared on numerous television shows, guest starring on such hits as Law and Order, CSI: Miami, Castle and Criminal Minds. She has also played recurring roles as a love interest to Anthony Edwards on ER and as Holly Hunter’s sister on Saving Grace. Her film work includes the Todd Phillip’s produced Project X, Spike Lee’s \"\"Oldboy\"\" and Akiva Goldsman’s directorial debut, \"\"Winter's Tale\"\". Caitlin Dulany Caitlin Dulany is an American actress.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9889681", "chunk_text": "\"Anna (Once Upon a Time)\"\nAnna (Once Upon a Time) Anna is a fictional character that appears in the fourth season of \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\", with actress Elizabeth Lail portraying the character. Anna is loosely based on the character with the same name from the 2013 animated film \"\"Frozen. Following the events of the film \"\"Frozen\"\", Anna is preparing to wed Kristoff when Elsa finds a diary from their mother stating their real reason for their parents' fatal trip. Determined to seek answers, Anna postpones her wedding and travels to the Enchanted Forest (known as Misthaven in Arendelle). Anna meets David, a friend of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12613565", "chunk_text": "\"Elizabeth Lail\"\nElizabeth Lail Elizabeth Dean Lail (born March 25, 1992) is an American actress. She is known for her starring roles as Amy Hughes in the 2016 Freeform television series \"\"Dead of Summer\"\" and as Guinevere Beck in the 2018 Lifetime television series \"\"You\"\", and for her recurring role as Anna in the fourth season of the ABC adventure fantasy television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". Lail was born in Williamson County, Texas, to her parents, Dean Franklin Lail and wife Kay Lurene Surratt. She has one older sister. Lail grew up in Asheboro, North Carolina. After graduating from Asheboro High", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16526516", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Frozen)\"\nEmma Swan and Killian Jones' then-budding relationship. She is portrayed by Georgina Haig. Caissie Levy originated the role of Elsa in the Broadway musical, which opened in March 2018. Elsa and Anna together with the Disney Princesses and Moana appear in the film. In one scene, Vanellope Von Schweetz accidentally breaks into the Princess room, where Elsa and other princesses gather together. After a panic, they surround Vanellope and ask why she's here. After learning Vanellope's a princess, Elsa asks \"\"(Do you have) Magic hands?\"\" while conjuring ice in her hands in front of her. The character of Elsa was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3756442", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Frozen)\"\nElsa (Frozen) Queen Elsa of Arendelle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Animation Studios' 53rd animated film \"\"Frozen\"\". She is voiced primarily by Broadway actress and singer Idina Menzel. At the beginning of the film, she is voiced by Eva Bella as a young child and by Spencer Lacey Ganus as a teenager. Created by directors Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee, Elsa is loosely based on the title character of \"\"The Snow Queen\"\", a Danish fairytale by Hans Christian Andersen. In the Disney film adaptation, she is introduced as the princess of the fictional Scandinavian kingdom of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10539888", "chunk_text": "\"Meghan Ory\"\nMeghan Ory Meghan Ory (born August 20, 1982) is a Canadian television and film actress. She is best known for her role as Red Riding Hood/Ruby on the ABC fantasy series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" and also starred in the short-lived CBS drama \"\"Intelligence\"\" as Riley Neal. Ory currently stars in the Hallmark family drama \"\"Chesapeake Shores\"\" as Abby O'Brien. Ory was born in Victoria, British Columbia, and attended Royal Oak Middle School and then Claremont Secondary School. After receiving the Fine Arts Award for Acting from Royal Oak in 1996, she began pursuing a career in acting. Her first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4385349", "chunk_text": "\"Elizabeth Mitchell\"\nElizabeth Mitchell Elizabeth Mitchell (born Elizabeth Joanna Robertson: March 27, 1970) is an American actress. She is known for her lead role as Dr. Juliet Burke on the ABC drama mystery series \"\"Lost\"\" (2006–2010). Mitchell also had lead roles on the television series \"\"V\"\" (2009–2010), \"\"Revolution\"\" (2012–14), and \"\"Dead of Summer\"\" (2016), as well as a recurring role as the Snow Queen on \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" (2014). She has starred in such films as \"\"Gia\"\" (1998), \"\"Frequency\"\" (2000), \"\"The Santa Clause 2\"\" (2002), \"\"\"\" (2006), and \"\"\"\" (2016). Mitchell was born in Los Angeles, California. Her stepfather, Joseph Day", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7239070", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (season 4)\"\nJuly 8, 2014, Elizabeth Mitchell was revealed to have been cast in an undisclosed role. It was later revealed that she would be playing an evil Snow Queen, much like the one from the original Hans Christian Andersan fairy tale. The character would be Anna's and Elsa's aunt, Ingrid. Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz had also cast a real reindeer as Sven. On July 28, 2014, Tyler Jacob Moore and John Rhys-Davies were both announced to be playing Prince Hans and Grand Pabbie, respectively. The third episode, \"\"Rocky Road\"\", revealed that the roles of two of Hans' brothers, Franz and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17835683", "chunk_text": "\"Ariel (Once Upon a Time)\"\nMcKinney), with The Evil Queen (Lana Parrilla) posing as Ursula in an attempt to stop them. The episode — written by Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz — was watched by 7.55 million viewers, and received generally positive reviews from critics. Ariel is shown sitting on a rock. The Enchanted Forest events take place after \"\"The Evil Queen\"\" and before \"\"Snow Falls\"\" and \"\"A Tale of Two Sisters\"\". The Neverland events take place after \"\"Good Form\"\". Ariel (Joanna García Swisher) saves Snow White (Ginnifer Goodwin) after she runs off a cliff to avoid capture by the Evil Queen's (Lana Parrilla) guards.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17877789", "chunk_text": "\"Ginnifer Goodwin\"\nGinnifer Goodwin Jennifer Michelle \"\"Ginnifer\"\" Goodwin (born May 22, 1978) is an American actress. She is known for playing Margene Heffman in the drama series \"\"Big Love\"\" (2006–2011), Snow White/Mary Margaret Blanchard in the fantasy series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" (2011–2017, 2018), and Judy Hopps in the Disney animated film \"\"Zootopia\"\". She also played Fawn in the Disney film \"\"Tinker Bell and the Legend of the Neverbeast\"\". Goodwin has also appeared in various films including \"\"Mona Lisa Smile\"\", \"\"Something Borrowed\"\", \"\"Walk the Line\"\", \"\"Killing Kennedy\"\", \"\"He's Just Not That Into You\"\", and \"\"Ramona and Beezus\"\". Goodwin was born in Memphis,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11071864", "chunk_text": "\"True North (Once Upon a Time)\"\nthe forest. In a Storybrooke drugstore, Henry (Jared S. Gilmore) meets a young girl named Ava (Karley Scott Collins). Henry is stopped by the store owner for shoplifting, which reveals Ava and her brother Nicholas (Quinn Lord) were using Henry to smuggle stolen merchandise. Regina (Lana Parrilla) and Sheriff Emma Swan (Jennifer Morrison) arrive to handle the juveniles. Emma discovers the siblings are living without parents and almost no food. In need of help, Emma resolves to find Ava and Nicholas's father (Nicholas Lea) out of a desire to keep them out of the foster system she herself was raised", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "977035", "chunk_text": "\"Elizabeth Lail\"\ncast as a female lead in the Lifetime television series, \"\"You\"\", opposite Penn Badgley and Shay Mitchell. Elizabeth Lail Elizabeth Dean Lail (born March 25, 1992) is an American actress. She is known for her starring roles as Amy Hughes in the 2016 Freeform television series \"\"Dead of Summer\"\" and as Guinevere Beck in the 2018 Lifetime television series \"\"You\"\", and for her recurring role as Anna in the fourth season of the ABC adventure fantasy television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". Lail was born in Williamson County, Texas, to her parents, Dean Franklin Lail and wife Kay Lurene Surratt.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16847734", "chunk_text": "\"Amy Manson\"\nAmy Manson Amy Manson (born 9 September 1985) is a Scottish actress, known for portraying Alice Guppy in \"\"Torchwood\"\", Abby Evans in \"\"Casualty\"\", Lizzie Siddal in \"\"Desperate Romantics\"\", Daisy Hannigan-Spiteri in \"\"Being Human\"\", Medea in \"\"Atlantis\"\", and Merida in the fifth season of the ABC fairy tale drama series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". Born and brought up in Aberdeenshire, Manson has a sister, Ailsa and a brother, James. She attended Stage Coach, a Saturday drama school, before leaving home for London at the age of seventeen. She trained at the Central School of Speech and Drama, leaving early to film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1433352", "chunk_text": "\"Elsa (Frozen)\"\nOriginal Song at the Academy Awards, a Grammy Award, the Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards and the Critics' Choice Awards, and also received Golden Globe Award, the Satellite Awards, the Broadcast Film Critics Association Award, and the Houston Film Critics Society Award nominations. \"\"Time\"\" ranked Elsa as the most influential fictional character of 2014. Elsa (Frozen) Queen Elsa of Arendelle is a fictional character who appears in Walt Disney Animation Studios' 53rd animated film \"\"Frozen\"\". She is voiced primarily by Broadway actress and singer Idina Menzel. At the beginning of the film, she is voiced by Eva Bella as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10617706", "chunk_text": "\"Essie Davis\"\nEssie Davis Esther Davis (born 7 January 1970), better known by the stage name Essie Davis, is an Australian actress. She is best known for her roles as Phryne Fisher in \"\"Miss Fisher's Murder Mysteries\"\" and Amelia Vanek in \"\"The Babadook\"\". Other major work has included a recurring role as actress Lady Crane in season six of the television series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\", and the role of Elizabeth Woodville in the television series \"\"The White Princess\"\", an adaptation of Philippa Gregory's historical novel. Davis was brought up on the outskirts of Hobart. She is the daughter of local artist George", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7428961", "chunk_text": "\"Regina Mills\"\nof the best roles she has ever played: Regina Mills Regina Mills (\"\"Latin\"\" for \"\"queen\"\"; alias: Evil Queen in Enchanted Forest; Roni in Hyperion Heights) is a fictional character in ABC's television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She is portrayed by Lana Parrilla, and has been praised by critics for her role as the series's first major antagonist. She has become a fan favorite since her debut. In the Enchanted Forest, Regina was born to the sorceress Cora and her husband Henry, the son of King Xavier. Despite being terrorized by her tyrannical mother, Regina found love in the form", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5817546", "chunk_text": "\"Alison Fernandez\"\nAlison Fernandez Alison Fernandez (born July 20, 2005) is an American child actress best known for her role in ABC's \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" as Lucy and in the 2017 film \"\"Logan\"\" as Delilah. She has had recurring roles in Netflix's \"\"Orange Is the New Black\"\" and The CW's \"\"Jane the Virgin\"\" as Young Jane. Fernandez was born in Brooklyn, New York. She started her acting career at age five in New York City community theaters, She is the daughter of Manuel Fernandez, who has been her manager from the time she started acting. She has an older sister, Sabrina,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3756439", "chunk_text": "\"Elle Fanning\"\n2018. Fanning currently has two films in post-production, including \"\"Teen Spirit\"\", and \"\"A Rainy Day in New York\"\". Fanning is set to reprise the role of Princess Aurora in \"\"Maleficent II\"\". Elle Fanning Mary Elle Fanning (born April 9, 1998) is an American actress and fashion model. As the younger sister of actress Dakota Fanning, she made her film debut as the younger version of her sister's character in the drama film \"\"I Am Sam\"\" (2001). As a child actress, she appeared in a string of films including \"\"Because of Winn-Dixie\"\" (2005), \"\"Babel\"\" (2006), \"\"Phoebe in Wonderland\"\" (2008), and Sofia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19169521", "chunk_text": "\"Alison Fernandez\"\nDelilah, and currently recurs on the Netflix dramedy series \"\"Orange Is the New Black\"\", having first appeared on the show in 2013. She will co-star in Freeform's \"\"Life-Size 2\"\" in December 2018 opposite Tyra Banks and Francia Raisa. Alison Fernandez Alison Fernandez (born July 20, 2005) is an American child actress best known for her role in ABC's \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" as Lucy and in the 2017 film \"\"Logan\"\" as Delilah. She has had recurring roles in Netflix's \"\"Orange Is the New Black\"\" and The CW's \"\"Jane the Virgin\"\" as Young Jane. Fernandez was born in Brooklyn, New York.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15006842", "chunk_text": "\"Ming-Na Wen\"\nMing-Na Wen Ming-Na Wen (; born November 20, 1963) is a Macanese-born American actress known for playing the role of Melinda May in the ABC action drama series \"\"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.\"\" and for voicing Fa Mulan, one of the Disney Princesses, in the films \"\"Mulan\"\" and \"\"Mulan II\"\", the video game \"\"Kingdom Hearts II\"\" and in the Disney animated series \"\"Sofia the First\"\". She reprises her role as Mulan in \"\"Ralph Breaks the Internet\"\". Wen is also known for her role as Dr. Jing-Mei \"\"Deb\"\" Chen on the medical drama series \"\"ER\"\". She was the series lead of the show", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5150748", "chunk_text": "\"Rosamund Kwan\"\nofficially announced her retirement from acting in 2007. Kwan first married to financial service mogul Chris Wong Kwok Sing in 1981, which lasted only nine months, they spilt in 1982. Kwan later married Taiwanese businessman Pierre Chen in 2014 without a public announcement, but they divorced in 2015. Rosamund Kwan Rosamund Kwan Chi Lam (born Kwan Kar Wai on 24 September 1962), is a former Hong Kong actress, best known for starring as the female lead \"\"Thirteenth Aunt\"\" in the 1990s \"\"Once Upon a Time in China\"\" film series. She had since retired from acting in 2007. Kwan was born", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18080531", "chunk_text": "\"Conchita Núñez\"\nin \"\"Once Upon a Time... Man\"\" (1978), Kira in \"\"Once Upon a Time... Space\"\" (1982), and Tom Sawyer in \"\"The Adventures of Tom Sawyer\"\" (1980). She also dubbed, among hundreds of others, the actresses Carole André (Mariana) on \"\"Sandokan\"\" (1976), Linda Evans (Krystle Carrington) on \"\"Dynasty\"\" (1982), Victoria Principal (Pamela Ewing) on \"\"Dallas\"\" (1989), and Joanna Cassidy (Margaret Chenowith) on \"\"Six Feet Under\"\" (2004). Conchita Núñez María de la Concepción Núñez Garrido (1943 – 26 June 2009) was a Spanish actress. Conchita Núñez began her career on the radio in the 1950s, and in the early 1960s she switched to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10157558", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Margaret Blanchard\"\nMary Margaret Blanchard Snow White, formerly known as Mary Margaret Blanchard in Storybrooke, is a fictional character in ABC's television series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". She is portrayed by Ginnifer Goodwin and by Bailee Madison as a child. She is the true love of Prince Charming/David Nolan, mother of Emma Swan and Neal Nolan, and grandmother of Emma's children, Henry and Hope. The character has been one of Goodwin's most well received roles, one she has said she loves playing on the show. Before accepting the role, Goodwin stated in interviews that she'd always wanted to play Snow White and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10688537", "chunk_text": "\"Once Upon a Time (TV series)\"\nnot start out believing in the fairytale universe. Ten-year-old Jared Gilmore, known for his work on \"\"Mad Men\"\", took the role of her son, Henry. The role of The Evil Queen/ Regina was given to Lana Parrilla. For the second season, Meghan Ory and Emilie de Ravin were promoted to series regulars as Red Riding Hood / Ruby and Belle / Lacey respectively, while Bailey made guest appearances in two episodes after departing the series and Sbarge joined the recurring cast. Colin O'Donoghue was cast as Captain Killian \"\"Hook\"\" Jones, and was upped to series regular for the fourteenth episode", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16216294", "chunk_text": "\"Laura Benanti\"\nand \"\"The Good Wife\"\". On December 5, 2013, Benanti played Elsa Schraeder in the NBC production of \"\"The Sound of Music Live!\"\" In 2014 she was cast as country singer Sadie Stone in the ABC musical drama series \"\"Nashville\"\" for its third season, recording and performing several songs during her arc. In 2015, she joined the cast of \"\"Supergirl\"\", where she has a recurring role as Alura In-Ze, Zor-El's wife and mother of Kara and Alura's twin sister General Astra, who wants to take over earth as its new ruler and destroy her niece Kara. In July 2017, it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14032699", "chunk_text": "\"Eliana Jones\"\n\"\"Pandora\"\", \"\"Knightfall\"\", \"\"Guardians\"\", with her final appearance in the second season episode \"\"Pale Fire\"\". Jones finally decided she wanted to become a professional actress after her time on \"\"Nikita\"\". Eliana Jones Eliana Jones (born October 28, 1997) is a Canadian actress. She is best known as one of the sheriff's twin daughters Alexa Sworn in the Netflix television series \"\"Hemlock Grove\"\" and the younger version of Lyndsy Fonseca's Alexandra Udinov character on Nikita. Jones wanted to become an actress when her mom took her to an acting class. After the class, Jones thought it was very enjoyable. As a result,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_248	where was held the first session of muslim league?	n/a	[ "Dhaka, Bangladesh", "Lucknow" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14467739", "chunk_text": "\"Muslim World League\"\nin 1978. The Muslim World League was founded in accordance with a resolution adopted during the meeting of the General Islamic Conference, which was held in Mecca on the 14th of Dhul Hijjah 1381 Hijra, corresponding to the 18th May 1962. Following a meeting of 22 Muslim religious leaders held in 1962, the Muslim World League saw the light under the auspices of then Crown prince Faisal. We the members of the Muslim World League, representing it religiously, hereby undertake before God, Almighty to: · Discharge our obligation towards God, by conveying and proclaiming His Message all over the world.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2233362", "chunk_text": "\"All-India Muslim League\"\nA. K. Fazlul Huq, was adopted on 23 March 1940, and its principles formed the foundation for Pakistan's first constitution. In the Constituent Assembly of India's elections of 1946, the Muslim League won 425 out of 476 seats reserved for Muslims (and about 89.2% of Muslim votes) on a policy of creating the independent state of Pakistan, and with an implied threat of secession if this was not granted. Congress, led by Gandhi and Nehru, remained adamantly opposed to dividing India. However, 1947 saw violent and bloody battles due to communal clashes between the two communities in India. Millions of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10984153", "chunk_text": "\"Israt Manzil Palace\"\nIsrat Manzil Palace Israt Manzil was one of the royal residences of the Nawabs of Dhaka. The mansion served as a retreat for members of the Dhaka Nawab Family. Israt Manzil is best known for hosting the opening session of the All India Muhammadan Educational Conference in 1906. The conference, sponsored by Nawab Sir Khwaja Salimullah, the Nawab of Dhaka, established the All India Muslim League, the first Muslim political party of the Indian Subcontinent. The party, which became the prime platform for Indian Muslims and led to the creation of Pakistan, was formed against the backdrop of political agitation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6792170", "chunk_text": "\"Pakistan Muslim League\"\nindependence and the organisation might be named as Pakistan League. Moreover, he claimed that Muslim League's objective of Muslim Nationalism was unrealistic and instead Pakistani Nationalism should be focused on. Suhrawardy's suggestion was not accepted, thus, he parted ways with the party to found the Awami League in 1949. This was to serve the first shock to the country's political structure. The first party convention of Muslim League held in Karachi in February 1948, elected Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman as the chief organiser and elected a new PML Council. Khaliquzzaman appointed provincial organising committees. The first meeting of the new party council,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18524785", "chunk_text": "\"All-India Muslim League\"\ntaken earlier at the Lucknow meeting and later in Simla, the annual meeting of the All-India Muhammadan Educational Conference was held in Dhaka from 27 December until 30 December 1906. Three thousand delegates attended, headed by both Nawab Waqar-ul-Mulk and Nawab Muhasan-ul-Mulk (the Secretary of the Muhammaden Educational Conference), in which they explained its objectives and stressed the unity of Muslims under the banner of an association. It was formally proposed by Nawab Salimullah Khan and supported by Hakim Ajmal Khan, Maulana Muhammad Ali Jauhar, Zafar Ali Khan, Syed Nabiullah, a barrister from Lucknow, and Syed Zahur Ahmad, an eminent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8657915", "chunk_text": "\"Bengal Provincial Muslim League\"\nwas the birthplace of the Muslim League in 1906. The League was created as a response to the growth of Hindu nationalist movements in India, particularly in Bengal after the 1905 partition. It was formed at the All India Muhammadan Educational Conference, which was aimed at promoting liberal education among Indian Muslims. In 1912, the British government annulled the partition. The annulment was not well-received among many in the Muslim population. The founders of the BPML were Nawab Sir Khwaja Salimullah, Syed Nawab Ali Chowdhury, Zahid Suhrawardy, Abul Kashem, Wahid Hossain and Abdur Rasul. Many members were concurrently members of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20140953", "chunk_text": "\"Muslim League schisms\"\ncontributed to political instability in the country. The first faction was created when Awami Muslim League was founded in Dhaka, the erstwhile capital of the Pakistani province of East Pakistan, in 1949 by Bengali nationalists Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani and Shamsul Huq. The Awami Muslim League was established as the Bengali alternative to the domination of the Muslim League in Pakistan. The party quickly gained massive popular support in East Pakistan, and eventually led the forces of Bengali nationalism in the struggle against West Pakistan's military and political establishment. Of all political parties in Pakistan, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5263199", "chunk_text": "\"All-India Muslim League\"\nthere was a lack of uniform political voice by the League during the 1938–1939 Madhe Sahaba riots in Lucknow. From 1937 onwards, the Muslim League and Jinnah attracted large crowds throughout India in its processions and strikes. At a League conference in Lahore in 1940, Jinnah said: In Lahore, the Muslim League formally recommitted itself to creating an independent Muslim state which would include Sindh, Punjab, Baluchistan, the North West Frontier Province, and Bengal, and which would be \"\"wholly autonomous and sovereign\"\". The resolution guaranteed protection for non-Muslim religions. The Lahore Resolution, moved by the sitting Chief Minister of Bengal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "634731", "chunk_text": "\"All-India Muslim League\"\nword \"\"Pakistan\"\" to such an extent that even Jawaharlal Nehru had to write: Until 1937, the Muslim League had remained an organisation of elite Indian Muslims. The Muslim League leadership then began mass mobilisation and it then became a popular party with the Muslim masses in the 1940s, especially after the Lahore Resolution. Under Jinnah's leadership, its membership grew to over two million and became more religious and even separatist in its outlook. The Muslim League's earliest base was the United Provinces, where they successfully mobilised the religious community in the late 1930s. Jinnah worked closely with local politicians, however,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20140951", "chunk_text": "\"Muslim League schisms\"\nMuslim League schisms The Muslim League was established as a Muslim representative political party in British India, originally as the All India Muslim League. The All India Muslim League was the driving force behind the Pakistan Movement, which resulted in the founding of Pakistan. After independence of Pakistan in 1947, it was originally succeeded by the Muslim League which ruled the country for its first 11 years. The Muslim League was later disbanded by Pakistan's first martial law. Another \"\"Muslim League\"\", the Pakistan Muslim League, was later raised by Ayub Khan in 1962. The Pakistan Muslim League has since split", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4563148", "chunk_text": "\"All-India Muslim League\"\nlawyer, as well as several others. Sir Sultan Muhammad Shah (Aga Khan III) was appointed the first honorary president of the Muslim League, though he did not attend the Dhaka inaugural session. There were also six vice-presidents, a secretary, and two joint secretaries initially appointed for a three-year term, proportionately from different provinces. The League's constitution was framed in 1907, espoused in the \"\"Green Book,\"\" written by Maulana Mohammad Ali. Aga Khan III shared Ahmad Khan's belief that Muslims should first build up their social capital through advanced education before engaging in politics, but would later boldly tell the British", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11687811", "chunk_text": "Jamaat-e-Islami\nable to transform the whole of India into Dar al-Islam. Unlike the fascists and communists, once in power an Islamic state would not be oppressive or tyrannical, but instead just and benevolent to all, because its ideology was based on God's commands. In 1940, the Muslim League met in Lahore and passed the Pakistan Resolution, calling for autonomous states in the Muslim majority areas of India. Maududi believed the nationalism in any form was un-Islamic, concerned with mundane interests of people and not Islam. In response he launched his own party, Jamaat-e-Islami, founded on 26 August 1941, at Islamia Park,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "634721", "chunk_text": "\"All-India Muslim League\"\nAll-India Muslim League The All-India Muslim League (popularised as Muslim League) was a political party established during the early years of the 20th century in the British Indian Empire. Its strong advocacy for the establishment of a separate Muslim-majority nation-state, Pakistan, successfully led to the partition of British India in 1947 by the British Empire. The party arose out of a literary movement begun at The Aligarh Muslim University in which Syed Ahmad Khan was a central figure. It remained an elitist organisation until 1937 when the leadership began mobilising the Muslim masses and the league then became a popular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12347085", "chunk_text": "\"Lahore Resolution\"\nMuslim League Conference held its first session in Karachi in October 1938, adopted a resolution which recommended to the All India Muslim League to devise a scheme of constitution under which Muslims may attain full independence. The premiers of other Muslim majority provinces, e.g. A. K. Fazal-ul-Haque (Bengal) and Sir Sikander Hayat Khan (Punjab), who were not in the Muslim League, also were quite convinced in favor of separation. The idea was more vividly expressed by M. A. Jinnah in an article in the London weekly \"\"Time & Tide\"\" on 9 March 1940. Jinnah wrote: Democratic systems based on the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12693832", "chunk_text": "\"History of Pakistan\"\nmovement also stirred Muslim's concerns about their faith. Eventually, the Muslims feared that the Hindu majority would seek to suppress the rights of Muslims in the region following the departure of the British. The All-India Muslim League was founded by Shaiiq-e-Mustafa in 30 December 1906, in the aftermath of division of Bengal, on the sidelines of the annual All India Muhammadan Educational Conference in Shahbagh, Dhaka East Bengal. The meeting was attended by three thousand delegates and presided over by Nawab Viqar-ul-Mulk. It addressed the issue of safeguarding interests of Muslims and finalised a programme. A resolution, moved by Nawab", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15765947", "chunk_text": "\"Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan\"\nsystem or a majority based political system. The Joint Secretary of the All India Muslim League and expert in constitutional law and Islam, Zafar Ahmed Ansari, supported Maududi's stance. Jamaat-e-Islami was founded on 26 August 1941, at Islamia Park, Lahore, before the Partition of India. JI began as a Islamist social and political movement. Seventy-five people attended the first meeting and became the first 75 members of the movement. Maulana Amin Ahsan Islahi, Maulana Naeem Siddiqui, Maulana Muhammad Manzoor Naumanai and Maula Abul Hassan Ali Nudvi were among the founders of Jamat e Islami along with Syed Abul Ala Maududi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1769128", "chunk_text": "\"Muhammad Ismail\"\nleague. He led the Madras State Muslim League in the 1946 Assembly elections, when the league won 28 seats (all the seats reserved for Muslims in the Presidency). The league emerged as the second largest party in the assembly after the Indian National Congress. Ismail became the leader of the opposition in the Legislative Assembly during 1946–52. When the provincial assemblies elected members to serve in the Indian Constituent Assembly which also doubled as the first Parliament of independent India, Ismail was elected to the Constituent Assembly from Madras Presidency. When India was partitioned and Pakistan was born in August", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12347089", "chunk_text": "\"Lahore Resolution\"\ntheir common motherland. The session was held on March 22-24, 1940, at Iqbal Park, Lahore. The welcome address was made by Sir Shah Nawaz Khan of Mamdot, as the chairman of the local reception committee. The various draft texts for the final resolution/draft were deliberated over by the Special Working Committee of the All India Muslim League The resolution text, unanimously approved by the Subject Committee, accepted the concept of a united homeland for Muslims and recommended the creation of an independent Muslim state. The resolution was moved in the general session by A. K. Fazlul Huq, the chief minister", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10267277", "chunk_text": "\"Punjab Muslim League\"\nPunjab Muslim League When the All-India Muslim League was founded at Dacca, on 30 December 1906 at the occasion of the annual All India Muhammadan Educational Conference, It was participated by the Muslim leaders from Punjab, i.e., Sir Mian Muhammad Shafi, Mian Fazl-i-Hussain, Abdul Aziz, Khawaja Yusuf Shah and Sh. Ghulam Sadiq. Earlier Mian Muhammad Shafi organised a Muslim Association in early 1906, but when the All-India Muslim League was formed, he established its powerful branch in the Punjab of which he became the general secretary. Shah Din was elected as its first President. This branch, organised in November 1907,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6362998", "chunk_text": "\"Mian Muhammad Shafi\"\nthat was held on 30 December 1906 on the occasion of the annual All India Muhammadan Educational Conference, at the Ahsan Manzil Palace, Shahbagh, Dhaka that was hosted by Nawab Sir Khwaja Salimullah (1871 – 1915). The meeting was attended by three thousand delegates and presided over by Nawab Waqar-ul-Mulk. The others founding members were Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk, Syed Ameer Ali, and Mualana Mohammad Ali Jouhar. Mian Muhammad Shafi organized a Muslim Association in early 1906, but when the All-India Muslim League was formed, he established its powerful branch in the Punjab of which he became the General Secretary. This branch,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10989356", "chunk_text": "\"World Islamic Congress\"\nWorld Islamic Congress The World Islamic Congress convened in Jerusalem from the 7 December until 1:30 p.m. on the 17 December 1931. It was attended by 130 delegates from 22 Muslim countries. The Congress called on Muslim states to avoid trade with the Jewish community in Palestine. The Congress was called at the behest of Mohammad Amin al-Husayni, the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, and Maulana Shaukat Ali, leader of the Indian Caliphate Committee. Ostensibly the Congress was called to consider a proposal to establish a University at the Al-Aqsa Mosque in Jerusalem as a centre of Islamic scholarship, an idea", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19689542", "chunk_text": "\"Muhammad Ali Jinnah\"\nin 1885. Most founding members had been educated in Britain, and were content with the minimal reform efforts being made by the government. Muslims were not enthusiastic about calls for democratic institutions in British India, as they constituted a quarter to a third of the population, outnumbered by the Hindus. Early meetings of the Congress contained a minority of Muslims, mostly from the elite. Jinnah devoted much of his time to his law practice in the early 1900s, but remained politically involved. Jinnah began political life by attending the Congress's twentieth annual meeting, in Bombay in December 1904. He was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12347090", "chunk_text": "\"Lahore Resolution\"\nof undivided Bengal, and was seconded by Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman from the United Provinces, Zafar Ali Khan from Punjab, Sardar Aurangzeb Khan from North-West Frontier Province, and Sir Abdullah Haroon from Sindh. Qazi Muhammad Essa from Baluchistan and other leaders announced their support. The resolution for the establishment of a separate homeland for the Muslims of British India passed in the annual session of the All India Muslim League held in Lahore on 22–24 March 1940 is a landmark document of Pakistan’s history. In 1946, it formed the basis for the decision of Muslim League to struggle for one state [", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2974910", "chunk_text": "\"World Muslim Congress\"\nof the Congress. Its cofounder and Secretary-General for over four decades was Inamullah Khan. Although formally founded in 1949, the Congress traces its roots to a Congress hosted in Mecca in 1926 hosted by Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia shortly after his occupation of Mecca and Medina; he \"\"hoped [it] would confer Islamic sanction upon his administration of the holy cities, instead [it] leveled many criticisms, and he did not reconvene it.\"\" Mohammad Amin al-Husayni had also been a leading figure at this Congress. World Muslim Congress The World Muslim Congress (\"\"Motamar al-Alam al-Islami\"\") (Arabic: مؤتمر العالم الإسلامي) is an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19664069", "chunk_text": "\"Indian Union Muslim League\"\nIndian Union Muslim League The Indian Union Muslim League (IUML) (commonly referred to as the League) is a political party in India. It is recognized by the Election Commission of India as a State Party in Kerala. IUML has an MLA in Tamil Nadu. In December 1906, Nawab Viqar ul Malik founded a new party to protect the rights of Muslims called the All India Muslim League. In 1947 India and Pakistan became new countries. The All India Muslim League was succeeded by the Muslim League in Pakistan and the Indian Union Muslim League in India and the Awami League", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20140358", "chunk_text": "\"Muhajir people\"\nexpounded the cause of Muslim autonomy in Aligarh. Many Muslim nobles such as nawabs (aristocrats and landed gentry) supported the idea. As the idea spread, it gained great support amongst the Muslim population and in particular the rising middle and upper classes. The Muslims launched the movement under the banner of the All India Muslim League and Delhi was its main centre. The headquarters of All India Muslim League (the founding party of Pakistan) was based there since its creation in 1906 in Dhaka (present day Bangladesh). The Muslim League won 90 percent of reserved Muslim seats in the 1946", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18929648", "chunk_text": "\"Simla Conference\"\nSimla Conference The Simla Conference 1945 was a meeting between the Viceroy and the major political leaders of British India at Simla, India. Convened to agree on and approve the Wavell Plan for Indian self-government, and there it reached a potential agreement for the self-rule of India that provided separate representation for Muslims and reduced majority powers for both communities in their majority regions. Talks, however, stalled on the issue of selection of Muslim representatives. Seeking to assert itself and its claim to be the sole representative of Indian Muslims, the All-India Muslim League refused to back any plan in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3800433", "chunk_text": "\"All-India Muslim League\"\nwas to advocate for British education, especially science and literature, among India's Muslims. The conference, in addition to generating funds for Sir Syed's Aligarh Muslim University, motivated the Muslim upper class to propose an expansion of educational uplift elsewhere, known as the Aligarh Movement. In turn, this new awareness of Muslim needs helped stimulate a political consciousness among Muslim elites, who went on to form the All-India Muslim League. The formation of a Muslim political party on the national level was seen as essential by 1901. The first stage of its formation was the meeting held at Lucknow in September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4486301", "chunk_text": "\"Pakistan Movement\"\nmillion and became more religious and even separatist in its outlook. The Muslim League's earliest base was the United Provinces. From 1937 onwards, the Muslim League and Jinnah attracted large crowds throughout India in its processions and strikes. At the 1940 Muslim League conference in Lahore in 1940, Jinnah said: \"\"Hindus and the Muslims belong to two different religions, philosophies, social customs and literature... It is quite clear that Hindus and Muslims derive their inspiration from different sources of history. They have different epics, different heroes and different episodes... To yoke together two such nations under a single state, one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3196343", "chunk_text": "\"Muhammad Iqbal\"\nsuffer in many respects especially with regard to their existentially separate entity as Muslims. Iqbal was elected president of the Muslim League in 1930 at its session in Allahabad in the United Provinces, as well as for the session in Lahore in 1932. In his presidential address on 29 December 1930 he outlined a vision of an independent state for Muslim-majority provinces in north-western India: In his speech, Iqbal emphasised that unlike Christianity, Islam came with \"\"legal concepts\"\" with \"\"civic significance,\"\" with its \"\"religious ideals\"\" considered as inseparable from social order: \"\"therefore, the construction of a policy on national lines,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "634723", "chunk_text": "\"All-India Muslim League\"\nof Pakistan as a Muslim state in 1947. After the partition and subsequent establishment of Pakistan, the Muslim League continued as a minor party in India where it was often part of the government. In Bangladesh, the Muslim League was revived in 1976 but it was reduced in size, rendering it insignificant in the political arena. In India, the Indian Union Muslim League and in Pakistan the Pakistan Muslim League became the original successors of the All-India Muslim League. In 1886, Sir Syed founded the Muhammadan Educational Conference, but a self-imposed ban prevented it from discussing politics. Its original goal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16612193", "chunk_text": "\"Indian National League\"\ntheir stature in society, converged in New Delhi for the Indian Muslim political convention at Aiwane Ghalib Hall. The group resolved to adopt the recommendations of a committee of 25 leaders to launch a new secular, democratic and national party. In the Tamil Nadu state assembly elections in 1996, INL was an alliance of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and won five seats in the assembly. All India general secretary M.A. Latheef elected Hajj committee \"\"waqf\"\" board chairman. In Karnataka, Qamarul Islam won INL's first Assembly seat from Gulbarga Constituency and secured second place at Raichur constituency by Mohamed Fasalullah on 1995.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20140952", "chunk_text": "\"Muslim League schisms\"\ninto many factions over the years. The party, which was initially set up in 1906 to look after the political interests of the Muslims of India, finally spearheaded the struggle for a separate homeland for them. Despite its success, the League suffered from two major weaknesses: lack of a well-defined social and economic programme, and lack of a strong party organisation. Pakistan has an unstable party system and there is a tendency among political parties to divide into factions. Because in a multi-ethnic state like Pakistan political parties are the ultimate expression of democracy, internal rifts in them have largely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6792164", "chunk_text": "\"Pakistan Muslim League\"\nPakistan Muslim League The Pakistan Muslim League (; known as PML), is the name of several Pakistani political parties that have dominated the Right-wing platform since the 1960s. The first Pakistan Muslim League was founded by President Ayub Khan in 1962 as a successor to the original Muslim League. Just a short period after its foundation, the party broke into two factions: Convention Muslim League that supported the President and the new Constitution, and the Council Muslim League, that opposed the new Constitution, denouncing it as undemocratic that made the Presidency an autocratic position. Following President Ayub's resignation, Nurul Amin,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16211723", "chunk_text": "\"Ibrahim Rahimtoola\"\nMuslim League. He favored free and compulsory education during the 4th session at Nagpur in December 1910. He was a delegate to the first Hindu-Muslim Unity Conference, Allahabad, 1911 under the President ship of Sir William Waddarburn. He also became the President of AIML during the 7th session in Agra, 1913, and the Vice-President during the 9th session in Lucknow in December, 1916. He also presided the All India Muslim Educational Conference in Bombay on 27 December 1924. According to 'The Aga Khan and His Ancestors' (Bombay, 1939, p. 180), 'In the Bombay Presidency the community over which the Aga", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2367468", "chunk_text": "\"Muslim Students Federation\"\nMuslim Students Federation The Muslim Students Federation or msf was officially started at 1 September 1937 under the presidency of Mr. Shafi (Muslim league leader) in Islamia College. Allama Iqbal was elected as Patron in chief, Mr. Hameed Nizami as President and Doctor Abdul Islam Khurshid as General Sectary. First donation for Muslim Student Federation was 100 rupees given by Nawab Sir Shah Nawaz of Mumdot. First constitution for Muslim Student Federation was made by Dr. Illama Muhammad Iqbal. First section of Muslim Student Federation was held in Calcutta in 1937. Several students leaders reached their glory and became the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9787339", "chunk_text": "Islamism\nelected president of the Muslim League in 1930 at its session in Allahabad as well as for the session in Lahore in 1932. In his Allahabad Address on 29 December 1930, Iqbal outlined a vision of an independent state for Muslim-majority provinces in northwestern India. This address later inspired the Pakistan movement. The thoughts and vision of Iqbal later influenced many reformist Islamists, e.g., Muhammad Asad, Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi and Ali Shariati. Sayyid Abul Ala Maududi was an important early twentieth-century figure in the Islamic revival in India, and then after independence from Britain, in Pakistan. Trained as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14467747", "chunk_text": "\"Muslim World League\"\nan independent legal personality. It aims at reactivating the mission of the Mosque as a vital focal point of the religious as well as the temporal life of the Muslim. Ultimately, the WSCM aims at restoring the Mosque’s role to what it was during the early days of Islam. It also strives to protect Mosques and Islamic trusts against assault, and to maintain the sanctity and purity of the Mosque. The WSCM was founded in compliance with a resolution adopted by the “Message of the Mosque” conference, which was held in Holy Makkah during the month of Ramadan 1395 (September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12347081", "chunk_text": "\"Lahore Resolution\"\nLahore Resolution The Lahore Resolution (, \"\"Qarardad-e-Lahore\"\"; Bengali: লাহোর প্রস্তাব, \"\"Lahor Prostab\"\"), was prepared by Muslim League Working Committee and was presented by A. K. Fazlul Huq, the Prime Minister of Bengal was a formal political statement adopted by the All-India Muslim League on the occasion of its three-day general session in Lahore on 22–24 March 1940. The resolution called for independent states as seen by the statement:That geographically contiguous units are demarcated into regions which should be constituted, with such territorial readjustments as may be necessary that the areas in which the Muslims are numerically in a majority as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19386351", "chunk_text": "\"Punjab Muslim League\"\nof the Two Nation Theory. Whatever the historians may suggest, one thing is clear that League's success was due to the political vision, farsightedness of Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He was a man of high personal integrity and intelligence who became a Grandmaster of the game by his clever, and clever calculations. Punjab Muslim League When the All-India Muslim League was founded at Dacca, on 30 December 1906 at the occasion of the annual All India Muhammadan Educational Conference, It was participated by the Muslim leaders from Punjab, i.e., Sir Mian Muhammad Shafi, Mian Fazl-i-Hussain, Abdul Aziz, Khawaja Yusuf Shah and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2684182", "chunk_text": "\"Rahil Begum Sherwani\"\nhence through this process separate political party started movement for the Muslims of India, on the basis of this movement in 1906 under the leadership of His Highness Sir Aga Khan Third mat with Lord Minto Viceroy of India and accepted the suggestion of separation. The movement of Nawab Moosa Khan father of Raheel Begum established All India Muslim League in Dhaka in the year 1906 and Head Office of the party was remain in the residence of Nawab Sahib at Aligarh from 1906 to 1910. After establishment of Dhaka in 1908 held first meeting of All India Muslim League", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12863318", "chunk_text": "\"Mirza Basheer-ud-Din Mahmood Ahmad\"\nhimself as the \"\"khalīfat al-masīh \"\" (caliph; lit. successor of the Messiah) but declared that he had attained this office by divine appointment rather than community choice. The Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, accordingly, vests its religious and organisational authority in the caliph as Ghulam Ahmad's divinely chosen successor. Mahmood Ahmad became an important political figure in pre-independence India, and had close contacts with the leadership of All-India Muslim League. In 1919 following the defeat of Turkey during the first world war, which had a profound effect on the Muslims of India, the \"\"All India Muslim Conference\"\" was held in Lucknow to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6792172", "chunk_text": "\"Pakistan Muslim League\"\nin this background that Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, who already had a meeting with the Quaid-i-Azam in Peshawar on May 18 1948, announced the formation of a Marxist party with the objective of serving as opposition to the Capitalist regime. Ghaffar Khan was the new party's president and G M Syed, who has been a staunch Leaguer and became highly instrumental in the passage of a Sindh Assembly resolution in favour of Pakistan as back as 1936, the secretary-general. A month later Ghaffar Khan was arrested under the Frontier Crimes Regulations. More or less at the same time, Mian Iftikharud", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16606545", "chunk_text": "\"Syed Hussain Bilgrami\"\nSyed Hussain Bilgrami Nawab Syed Hussain Bilgrami, Imad-ul-Mulk Bahadur, CSI (1842-1926) was an Indian civil servant, politician, educationalist and an early leader of the All India Muslim League. He was the first Secretary General of Muslim League. Syed Hussain Bilgrami was born in 1844 in Gaya from ancestors of Sadaat-e-Bilgram, and was educated at the Presidency College, Calcutta. He was married in 1864 and had four sons and one daughter. After holding the post of Professor of Arabic at Canning College, Lucknow from 1866 to 1873 he entered the service of the Nizam of Hyderabad. He was the Private Secretary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6792194", "chunk_text": "\"Pakistan Muslim League\"\nThis event marked the end of the Pakistan Muslim League. Pakistan Muslim League The Pakistan Muslim League (; known as PML), is the name of several Pakistani political parties that have dominated the Right-wing platform since the 1960s. The first Pakistan Muslim League was founded by President Ayub Khan in 1962 as a successor to the original Muslim League. Just a short period after its foundation, the party broke into two factions: Convention Muslim League that supported the President and the new Constitution, and the Council Muslim League, that opposed the new Constitution, denouncing it as undemocratic that made the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16146774", "chunk_text": "\"History of Bangladesh\"\nthe capital of the new province of Eastern Bengal and Assam. But the split only lasted for seven years. The partition was abolished in 1911 due to severe opposition from Indian National Congress and a major section of the Bengali Hindus. The All-India Muslim League was founded on 30 December 1906, in the aftermath of partition of Bengal, on the sidelines of the annual All India Muhammadan Educational Conference in Shahbagh, Dhaka. At first the Muslim League sought only to ensure minority Muslim rights in the future nation of independent India. However, in 1940 the Muslim League passed the Lahore", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7635585", "chunk_text": "\"Muhammad Habibullah\"\nof the Vellore municipality in 1895. He resigned from his legal practice upon being elected official secretary in September 1901, and served in that role until September 1905. He was then elected chairman, a position he held for 14 years (1905–1919). From July 1919 to January 1920, he was a member of the executive council of the Governor of Madras while P. Rajagopalachari was on leave. In 1919, Habibullah was India's delegate to the first session of the League of Nations. On 17 December 1920, he was appointed to the Governor's Executive Council for the Madras Presidency as the member", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3624448", "chunk_text": "\"G. M. Syed\"\nconference, his native town Sann observed a shutter-down strike in protest against the injustices of the Allied Powers against the Ottoman Caliphate on March 20, 1920. He remained active throughout the entire Khilafat Movement afterward. He addressed the Khilafat Conference held on March 26, 1920, in Makhdoom Bilawal's Mausoleum as the youngest speaker. He was of a short-height and stood upon a wooden chair to be visible to the audience during his speech. He met Mahatma Gandhi on 27 April 1921 at the Sann railway station while Mr. Gandhi was traveling from Dadu to Hyderabad. Gandhi instructed him to wear", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9503303", "chunk_text": "\"Independence Day (Pakistan)\"\nthe Indian subcontinent. All-India Muslim League was founded by the All India Muhammadan Educational Conference at Dhaka, in 1906, in the context of the circumstances that were generated over the division of Bengal in 1905 and the party aimed at creation of a separate Muslim state. The period after World War I was marked by British reforms such as the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms, but it also witnessed the enactment of the repressive Rowlatt Act and strident calls for self-rule by Indian activists. The widespread discontent of this period crystallized into nationwide non-violent movements of non-cooperation and civil disobedience. The idea for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3563563", "chunk_text": "\"Rahil Begum Sherwani\"\nAligarh, hence through this process separate political party started movement for the Muslims of India, on the basis of this movement in 1906 under the leadership of His Highness Sir Aga Khan Third with Lord Minto Viceroy of India and accepted the suggestion of separation. The movement of Nawab Moosa Khan father of Raheel Begum established All India Muslim League in Dhaka during 1906 and Head Office of the party was in the residence of Nawab Sahib at Aligarh from 1906 to 1910. After establishment of Dhaka in 1908 held first meeting of All India Muslim League at Amritsar under", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_249	what is the name of the dragon in eragon?	n/a	[ "Saphira" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497092", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nbelieves to be a stone, appear in front of him. A few months later, Eragon witnesses a baby dragon hatch from the egg. Eragon names the dragon Saphira, after a name the old village storyteller Brom mentions. He raises the dragon in secret until two of King Galbatorix's servants, the Ra'zac, come to Carvahall; though it is later revealed that they weren't looking for the egg at first. Eragon and Saphira manage to escape by hiding in the Spine, but Garrow is fatally wounded and the house and farm are burned down by the Ra'zac. Once Garrow dies, Eragon is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497079", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nthe story of a farm boy named Eragon, who finds a mysterious stone in the mountains. Not knowing the stone's origin or worth, he attempts to use it as payment to a butcher. A dragon he later names Saphira hatches from the stone, which was really an egg. When the evil King Galbatorix finds out the general location of the egg he sends the Ra'zac to acquire it. By that time Saphira had been growing for a while and takes Eragon to the Spine after Ra'zac appear in their village, Carvahall. Eragon and Saphira are forced to flee from their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1415951", "chunk_text": "\"Eragon (video game)\"\nthat it can be sold or bartered. However, the stone is actually a dragon egg. Eragon names the dragon Saphira from the list of dragon's names he heard from the story teller Brom. Saphira's hatching attracts the attention of the cruel king Galbatorix. The king dispatches servants to Eragon's village to find the dragon. They are unsuccessful and Eragon's uncle is killed and his home burned down. Brom, whom Eragon considers as nothing more than an old storyteller, helps him fight his way out of the village. He then gives Eragon an old sword, known as Zar'roc in the book", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19188618", "chunk_text": "\"Eragon (film)\"\nthe planned franchise was cancelled. Arya, elf princess of Ellesméra, flees with a strange stone, pursued by Durza, a dark sorcerer under king Galbatorix. When Durza corners Arya, she uses magic to send the stone away. Eragon, a farm boy living in the country of Alagaësia with his uncle, is hunting for food when he witnesses the stone appearing. Hoping to trade it for food, Eragon brings the stone home, and finds a blue dragon hatching from it. As he touches the dragon, a magical mark is burned into his palm. A few people are shown reacting to this incident,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497095", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nthat night, their camp is ambushed by the Ra'zac. A stranger named Murtagh rescues them, but Brom is gravely injured. Saphira watches over Brom as the night progresses, yet when morning comes they realize there is nothing they can do to save him. Brom gives Eragon his blessing, reveals that he was also once a Dragon Rider and that his dragon's name was Saphira, and dies. Saphira then encases Brom in a tomb made of a diamond. Murtagh becomes Eragon's new companion and they travel to the city Gil'ead to find information on how to find the Varden, a group", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10213400", "chunk_text": "\"Eragon (film)\"\nstrain. The following morning, Eragon awakes with Murtagh at his side. He fears Saphira may be dead but finds her fully healed. They catch up with Arya, who is on her way to Ellesméra to lead the elves in the coming war against Galbatorix's revenge. She calls Eragon \"\"The great Shadeslayer\"\" and they part ways promising they'll meet again. Meanwhile, in his castle, a furious Galbatorix slashes at his hanging map of Alagaesia, revealing his immense pitch black dragon, Shruikan. Plans to create a film based on Christopher Paolini's best-selling novel were first announced in February 2004. 20th Century Fox", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19188619", "chunk_text": "\"Eragon (film)\"\nincluding Arya, an old man named Brom, and Galbatorix himself. Eragon shelters and feeds the dragon then teaches her to fly and she magically grows to full size. She speaks to him through their thoughts and calls herself Saphira. When they are out, Durza's monstrous minions, the Ra'zac, arrive at the village to look for the dragon and the rider, killing Eragon's uncle in the process. Blaming Saphira for his uncle's death, Eragon sends her away. Brom shows up, takes Eragon away from the village, warns him of Saphira's importance, and urges him to call her back. Eragon calls Saphira", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497093", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nleft with no reason to stay in Carvahall, so he goes after the Ra'zac with his newly hatched dragon, seeking vengeance for the destruction of his home and his uncle's death. He is accompanied by Brom, who provides Eragon with the sword Zar'roc and insists on helping him and Saphira. Eragon becomes a Dragon Rider, an ancient warrior charged with promoting peace in Alagaësia, through his bond with Saphira. He is the only known Rider in Alagaësia other than King Galbatorix, who, with the help of the now-dead Forsworn, a group of thirteen dragon riders loyal to Galbatorix, killed every", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8739716", "chunk_text": "\"Inheritance Cycle\"\negg, giving him a silver mark on his palm (the gëdwey ignasia) and making Eragon a Dragon Rider through their bond. The hatchling chooses the name Saphira from a list of dragon names Eragon recites, from Brom, to her. Eragon's cousin, Roran, leaves for a job in the next town Therinsford, to earn money so he can start a family with his beloved, Katrina. His uncle, Garrow, is killed by King Galbatorix's servants, the Ra'zac, and Eragon flees Carvahall with Brom to hunt down the Ra'zac, unaware that Brom is his father. Brom gives Morzan's sword, Zar'roc, to Eragon. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4614230", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nwith the elf, whose name is revealed as Arya, and learns the location of the Varden. After some arguing, Murtagh decides to still travel with Eragon to the Varden but is still wary of them. An army of Kull (Urgals who can grow up to 8 feet) reach Eragon right outside the Varden's entrance, but are driven off with the help of the Varden, who escort Eragon, Saphira, Murtagh, and Arya to Farthen Dûr, the mountain hideout of the Varden. When they arrive in Farthen Dûr, Eragon is led to the leader of the Varden, Ajihad. Ajihad imprisons Murtagh after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497091", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nof three elves. After he and the urgals kill the other elves, Durza attempts to steal an egg carried by one of the female elves, but is foiled when she causes it to vanish. Infuriated, he renders her unconscious with a ball of fire and abducts her. Eragon is a fifteen-year-old boy who has lived with his uncle Garrow and cousin Roran on a farm near the village of Carvahall, ever since his mother Selena, Garrow's sister, left him there right after his birth. While hunting in the Spine, Eragon is surprised to see the blue dragon egg, which he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11336009", "chunk_text": "Eldest\ncity in the forest Du Weldenvarden, on the northern portion of Alagaësia; Carvahall, a small town located on the northwestern part of Alagaësia in Palancar Valley; and Aberon, the capital of Surda, in the southern portion of Alagaësia. The story is told in third-person through protagonists Eragon, Roran, and Nasuada. Eragon is nearly always accompanied by his dragon Saphira. Due to the multiple points-of-view, multiple stories take place concurrently, and the protagonist characters do not meet often. Several other characters return from \"\"Eragon\"\", including Arya (the elf warrior, daughter of the elven queen), Orik, Roran (Eragon's cousin and a major", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13696894", "chunk_text": "\"Eragon (film)\"\nEragon (film) Eragon is a 2006 British-American action-fantasy film directed by Stefen Fangmeier (in his directorial debut) and written by Peter Buchman, based on Christopher Paolini’s 2002 novel of the same name. The film stars Ed Speleers in the title role as well as Jeremy Irons, Sienna Guillory, Robert Carlyle, Djimon Hounsou, Garrett Hedlund, Joss Stone and John Malkovich, with Rachel Weisz as the voice of Saphira the dragon. Principal photography took place at the Mafilm Fót Studios in Hungary, starting on August 1, 2005. Visual effects and animation were by Weta Digital and Industrial Light & Magic. \"\"Eragon\"\" was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497088", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nwas traveling. He then started to get history and plot ideas from seeing the landscape depicted. Paolini chose to have Eragon mature throughout the book because, \"\"for one thing, it's one of the archetypal fantasy elements\"\". He thought Eragon's growth and maturation throughout the book \"\"sort of mirrored my own growing abilities as a writer and as a person, too. So it was a very personal choice for that book.\"\" Eragon's dragon, Saphira, was imagined as \"\"the perfect friend\"\" by Paolini. He decided to go in a more \"\"human direction\"\" with her because she is raised away from her own", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15213416", "chunk_text": "Brisingr\nprotagonists. These characters include the humans Eragon, Roran, and Nasuada, and the dragons Saphira and Glaedr. The humans Galbatorix and Murtagh return as antagonists, along with Murtagh's dragon, Thorn. The Ra'zac return for a minor antagonist role, and Varaug, a Shade, also appears for a main antagonist role. Many minor characters reprise their roles in \"\"Brisingr\"\" from previous installments of the \"\"Inheritance Cycle\"\", including the elves Arya, Islanzadí, and Oromis; the dwarf Orik; the humans Angela, Katrina and Elva; and the dragon Glaedr. \"\"Brisingr\"\" begins as Eragon, Saphira, and Roran travel to Helgrind, the home of the Ra'zac, the creatures", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8739717", "chunk_text": "\"Inheritance Cycle\"\nthe journey, Brom teaches Eragon sword fighting, magic, a minimal understanding of the ancient language, and the ways of the Dragon Riders. On the journey they become close friends. Once again the Eldunarí decide to act, sending Eragon dreams of Arya, who is imprisoned in Gil'ead. Halfway through their journey, their camp is ambushed by the Ra'zac and a stranger named Murtagh rescues them, but Brom is mortally wounded. In his dying breath, Brom reveals to Eragon that he once was a Dragon Rider and his dragon was also named Saphira. Eragon decides to follow his dream of Arya to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19188620", "chunk_text": "\"Eragon (film)\"\nwith his thoughts, she hears everything that Eragon says and comes back. Brom is leading the group to the Varden, rebel freedom fighters opposing Galbatorix. On the way, Brom fills Eragon in on the knowledge of dragon riders, Galbatorix, Durza and the Ra'zac. He also trains Eragon's sword-fighting. In a small village Eragon meets a fortune-teller named Angela who tells him of a girl awaiting his help, and of his dangerous path ahead. When Brom and Eragon are attacked by Galbatorix's servants, the Urgals, Eragon attempts to mimic Brom and wipes out the whole group with a magic attack of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15947697", "chunk_text": "\"Inheritance Cycle\"\nchoose a new monarch for the elves after the death of Queen Islanzadí in battle, and is chosen herself. She takes with her the rescued green dragon egg, which soon hatches for her. Thus, Arya becomes a Rider with her dragon named Fírnen. Near the end of the book, Arya reveals this to Eragon, as well as her True Name, while Saphira decides to test Fírnen \"\"to see if he has the iron in his bones, and the fire in his belly to match [her]\"\". The two dragons become mates shortly thereafter. Eragon reworks the magic of the original pact", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11336016", "chunk_text": "Eldest\nand tries to win his affections. Eragon tells her it would not be proper, and she in turn replies that Arya is not as important as his education. Both efforts fail miserably, but bring Eragon and Saphira closer together. Later, at the ancient elven ceremony, the Agaetí Blödhren (Blood-Oath Celebration), Eragon is altered by a spectral dragon. The changes alter his senses, and enhance his abilities, effectively turning him into an elf-human hybrid, as well as healing all of his wounds, scars, and back injury. Reinvigorated, Eragon continues training until he learns that the Empire will soon attack the Varden", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4614231", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nhe refuses to allow his mind to be read to determine if he is a friend or a foe to the Varden. Eragon is told by Ajihad that Durza was not destroyed by Murtagh's arrow, because the only way to kill a Shade is with a stab through the heart. Orik, nephew of the dwarf King Hrothgar, is appointed as Eragon and Saphira's guide. Orik shows them a place to stay and introduces them to Hrothgar. Eragon also meets Ajihad's daughter, Nasuada, and Ajihad's right-hand man, Jörmundur. He also runs into Angela and Solembum, who have arrived in Tronjheim, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15213414", "chunk_text": "Brisingr\nin his treatment of characters. \"\"Brisingr\"\" begins about three days after the events in \"\"Eldest\"\" conclude. It continues the story of the \"\"Inheritance Cycle\"\" and takes place on the fictional continent of Alagaësia during a struggle for power as the small country Surda and a rebel group called the Varden attempts to overthrow the larger Empire. They are supported mainly by elves, dwarves, and Urgals, but the Empire is populated with large numbers of humans, who far outnumber Surda and its allies. The \"\"Inheritance Cycle\"\" focuses on the story of a teenage boy named Eragon and his dragon Saphira. Eragon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497094", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nother Rider a hundred years ago. On the journey, Brom teaches Eragon sword fighting, magic, the ancient elvish language, and the ways of the Dragon Riders. Their travels bring them to the city of Teirm, where they meet with Brom's friend Jeod. Eragon's fortune is told by the witch Angela, and her companion, the werecat Solembum, gives Eragon some mysterious advice. With Jeod's help, they are able to track the Ra'zac to the southern city of Dras-Leona. Although they manage to infiltrate the city, Eragon encounters the Ra'zac in a cathedral and he and Brom are forced to flee. Later", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15213413", "chunk_text": "Brisingr\ncorrupt ruler of the Empire, Galbatorix. Eragon is one of the last remaining Dragon Riders, a group that governed the fictional nation of Alagaësia, where the series takes place. \"\"Brisingr\"\" begins almost immediately after the preceding novel \"\"Eldest\"\" concludes. Published by Alfred A. Knopf Books for Young Readers, an imprint of Random House Children's Books, the book sold 550,000 copies on its first day of sale, a record for a Random House children's book. The novel debuted at number one on \"\"USA Today\"\"'s top 150 bestsellers list. Reviewers criticized the book for its length, while commenting on Paolini's growing maturity", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3427813", "chunk_text": "Brisingr\nfrom under the roots of the Menoa Tree. After Eragon's repeated requests, Rhunön creates a weapon by controlling Eragon's body. Eragon gives a name to the sword,\"\"Brisingr.\"\" As Eragon's body itself forged the sword, a special bond between the sword and Eragon had been created, thus making the sword burst into flames whenever Eragon utters Brisingr, even when he does not intend to use magic. Oromis suspects that \"\"Brisingr\"\" is part of the sword's true name. Before Eragon and Saphira depart for the Varden, Oromis says that the time has come for him and Glaedr to openly oppose the Empire", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15213417", "chunk_text": "Brisingr\nthat had killed Eragon's uncle, Garrow. There they rescue Roran's betrothed, Katrina, who was being held prisoner, and kill one of the Ra'zac. Saphira, Roran, and Katrina return to the Varden, while Eragon stays behind to kill the remaining Ra'zac and dole out a suitable punishment to Sloan, Katrina's father who was imprisoned in Helgrind. (Eragon was reluctant to kill him). While he is fighting the remaining Ra'zac, it mentions that Galbatorix has discovered the name of all names. Eragon doesn't understand, and ignores the Ra'zac after it pleads for mercy, and he kills it. After consulting the elven Queen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19188622", "chunk_text": "\"Eragon (film)\"\nThe trio escapes, and Brom dies of his wounds while flying on Saphira. Eragon confronts a hooded figure that has been following them. He reveals himself to be Murtagh and guides them to the Varden. Soon after, Durza and his men surround the rebel camp. Eragon, Saphira, Arya, and the Varden prepare for battle. Arya, Murtagh and the Varden fight Galbatorix's forces as Eragon and Saphira duel in the skies with Durza who rides his own beast. Eragon and Saphira kill Durza, but Saphira is heavily injured. Eragon uses magic to heal her and once again passes out from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497089", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nspecies, in \"\"close mental contact\"\" with a human. \"\"I considered making the dragon more dragon-like, if you will, in its own society, but I haven't had a chance to explore that. I went with a more human element with Saphira while still trying to get a bit of the magic, the alien, of her race.\"\" Paolini made Saphira the \"\"best friend anyone could have: loyal, funny, brave, intelligent, and noble. She transcended that, however, and became her own person, fiercely independent and proud.\"\" Saphira's blue tinted vision was in turn inspired by Paolini's own color-blindness. Paolini added in archetypal elements", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14657344", "chunk_text": "\"Inheritance (Paolini novel)\"\nof Queen Islanzadí, her mother, in battle, and is chosen. She takes with her the rescued green dragon egg, which soon hatches for her. Thus, Arya becomes a Rider with her dragon named Fírnen. Eragon reworks and rephrases the magic of the original pact between Riders and dragons to include both dwarves and Urgals, allowing the dragon eggs to hatch for members of their races. Eragon, coming to the decision that there is no safe place to raise the dragons and train new Riders in Alagaësia, begins planning to sail away with the Eldunarí and the eggs to a region", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3329143", "chunk_text": "Eldest\nthe continued adventures of Eragon and his dragon Saphira, centering on their journey to the realm of the Elves in order to further Eragon's training as a Dragon Rider. Other plots in the story focus on Roran, Eragon's cousin, who leads the inhabitants of Carvahall to Surda to join the Varden, and Nasuada as she takes on her father's role as leader of the Varden. \"\"Eldest\"\" ends at the Battle of the Burning Plains, where Eragon faces a new Dragon Rider, Murtagh, and a new dragon, Thorn. Reviews pointed out the similarities between \"\"Eldest\"\" and other works such as \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15213415", "chunk_text": "Brisingr\nis one of the few remaining Dragon Riders, a group that governed Alagaësia in past times but were almost destroyed by a Rider named Galbatorix, who took control of the land. Galbatorix's greatest fear is that a new Rider will rise up and usurp his position as king of the Empire, so when he finds out about Eragon and his dragon, he sends his servants after them in an effort to capture them. Eragon and Saphira are forced to flee from their home, and decide to join the Varden. \"\"Brisingr\"\" is told in third-person from the perspectives of multiple primary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11336011", "chunk_text": "Eldest\nto the forest Du Weldenvarden to become trained as a Dragon Rider by the elves. The dwarf king, Hrothgar, decides to adopt Eragon to his clan, Dûrgrimst Ingeitum, and have his now foster brother, Orik, accompany him to the forest. Once there, Eragon meets Oromis, The Cripple Who Is Whole, and his Dragon Glaedr, a dragon with a missing front leg, and the only Dragon and Rider secretly alive besides Eragon, Saphira and Galbatorix and his forcibly bonded dragon Shruikan. Oromis and Glaedr, however, are both crippled, and so cannot fight Galbatorix and must hide to avoid Galbatorix hunting them", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11336010", "chunk_text": "Eldest\ncharacter), Ajihad (the leader of the Varden, who dies and is replaced by his daughter Nasuada), and Angela (the herbalist). Some new characters are introduced in \"\"Eldest\"\", such as Oromis and his dragon Glaedr. Murtagh appears briefly as a minor protagonist but then reappears later as a primary antagonist with his dragon, Thorn. \"\"Eldest\"\" begins as Ajihad, the king of the rebel Varden force, is ambushed and killed, with Murtagh gone while The Twins and Murtagh are assumed dead. At his funeral, Ajihad's daughter Nasuada is elected to command the Varden. The protagonists Eragon and Saphira then decide to travel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8739715", "chunk_text": "\"Inheritance Cycle\"\na servant of Galbatorix. Only two other dragon eggs remained, in the citadel in Ilirea, renamed Urû'baen by Galbatorix. Arya attempted to send the egg to Brom, but the remaining Eldunarí, which were hidden in the Vault of Souls, a secret cave hidden on the island Vroengard, near Doru Araeba, altered the spell making the egg go to Eragon, because they believed that the egg might hatch for him (revealed in the final book), who finds the egg while on a hunting trip. A few days later, the egg hatches and Eragon touches the dragon that was inside of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19188621", "chunk_text": "\"Eragon (film)\"\nblue fire, then falls unconscious from the strain. Saphira saves him. Brom teaches Eragon to control his magic and bond his powers with Saphira. After flying for the first time Eragon and Saphira help Brom kill the Ra'vac, and Brom reveals he was once a rider before his dragon was killed. Durza sets a trap for Eragon, using Arya as bait. Hearing her telepathic calls, Eragon finds her, but is ambushed by Durza. Eragon is outmatched, and Brom arrives to help him, getting mortally wounded in the process. Eragon vengefully shoots an arrow into Durza's head, causing him to disappear.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3427808", "chunk_text": "Brisingr\nreveals about her association with Faolin and crafts a boat made of grass, whilst Eragon sings a flower for her. Once they return to the Varden, Eragon discovers that Katrina is pregnant with Roran's child and a wedding is arranged, which Eragon is to conduct. Just before it begins, a small force of enchanted troops attack alongside Murtagh and his dragon, Thorn. The enchanted soldiers had spells cast by Galbatorix that couldn't allow them to feel pain. King Orrin, King of Surda, discovers a method to kill the soldiers, behead them. Elven spell-casters aid Eragon and Saphira and cause Murtagh", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6950117", "chunk_text": "\"The Shadow Dragons\"\nRose, Archimedes, and Quixote return, the Nameless Isles are under siege by children governed by the Shadow King since 1926, under the sub-antagonist Chancellor Murdoch, who, through the Lance of Longinus, can command the shadows of all Dragons except of the Dragon Samaranth. The children are driven back by the Tin Man (Roger Bacon), and the shadows of the Dragons are prevented from the Nameless Isles. The Shadow King kills Artus, the King of the Archipelago and descendant of Arthur Pendragon; whereafter Kipling reveals himself as an agent of the Caretakers'; Rose Dyson incapacitates the Chancellor; and Stephen, Queen Aven's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3427811", "chunk_text": "Brisingr\nin the battle of Farthen Dur. After Orik's coronation, Eragon and Saphira return to the elven capital Ellesméra to train. There, Saphira revealed from a memory that Eragon's deceased mentor, Brom, is Eragon's father; which Brom asked her to show him when the time was right. Oromis and Glaedr too justify Saphira's revelation. Glaedr also reveals the source of Galbatorix's power: Eldunari, or heart of hearts. An Eldunarí allows the holder to communicate with or draw energy from the dragon it belongs to, even if the dragon is deceased, or a great distance away. Galbatorix spent years collecting Eldunari, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11336018", "chunk_text": "Eldest\nvillagers reach Narda, where they pay for barges to sail to Teirm. In Teirm, Roran meets Jeod, Brom's friend, who tells him about Eragon and that he now is a Dragon Rider. Roran is stunned that his cousin is a Dragon Rider, and he asks Jeod for help to reach the Varden. Jeod decides to go with them and he gathers a group of his friends to steal a ship called the Dragon Wing. The villagers are chased by a group of Galbatorix's boats, but they force themselves into the gigantic whirpool, the Boar's eye, so that they can trap", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8739724", "chunk_text": "\"Inheritance Cycle\"\nCarvahall to the Ra'zac. He finds out Sloan's true name, and uses it to make him go to Ellesméra. Then Eragon catches up with the rest of the Varden. He then goes to the Beor mountains and helps Orik become king of the dwarves, and Saphira fulfills her promise to mend Isidar Mithrim. After that, Eragon goes back to Du Weldenvarden and creates his own sword Brisingr, which bursts into flames each time Eragon speaks its name, and learns from Oromis and Glaedr that Brom is his real father (Eragon and Murtagh are actually only half brothers) and of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3427812", "chunk_text": "Brisingr\nforcing the deceased dragons to channel their energy to him through their Eldunari. Saphira is delighted to learn of the existence of the dragons, although imprisoned by Galbatorix's dark magics. After training, Eragon visits Rhunön, the elven blacksmith who forges swords for Riders. But Rhunön wouldn't create a weapon for him because long ago she swore an oath never to create a weapon again after the Fall of the Riders. Also her stocks of the metal, required to forge rider's swords was completely exhausted. But by deciphering the werecat Solembum's instructions Eragon is able to acquire the metal he requires,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497080", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nhometown, with a storyteller called Brom, and decide to search for the Varden, a group of rebels who want the downfall of Galbatorix. \"\"Eragon\"\" was the third-best-selling children's hardback book of 2003, and the second-best-selling paperback of 2005. It placed on the \"\"New York Times\"\" Children's Books Best Seller list for 121 weeks and was adapted as a feature film of the same name that was released on December 15, 2006. Christopher Paolini started reading fantasy books when he was 10 years old. At the age of 14, as a hobby, he started writing the first novel in a series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497086", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nthe correct moniker, I use a placeholder name until a replacement suggests itself.\"\" He added that he was \"\"really lucky\"\" with the name Eragon, \"\"because it's just dragon with one letter changed.\"\" Also, Paolini commented that he thought of both parts of the name \"\"Eragon\"\" - \"\"era\"\" and \"\"gone\"\" - as if the name itself changes the era in which the character lives. He thought the name fit the book perfectly, but some of the other names caused him \"\"real headaches\"\". The landscape in \"\"Eragon\"\" is based on the \"\"wild territory\"\" of Paolini's home state, Montana. He said in an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11336019", "chunk_text": "Eldest\nthe enemy ships. Meanwhile, Eragon arrives at the Varden's camp, who are under attack by an army of one hundred thousand of Galbatorix's soldiers. A group of Urgals join the Varden, and Eragon is able to repel the opposing army with help from the dwarves' reinforcements. Eventually, a Dragon Rider appears in favor of the Empire. The hostile Dragon Rider kills the dwarf king Hrothgar, and soon begins to fight with Eragon. The Dragon Rider is soon unmasked by Eragon and is revealed to be Murtagh, his old friend. Murtagh tells Eragon that he was kidnapped and forced into loyalty", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497096", "chunk_text": "Eragon\nof rebels who want to see the downfall of Galbatorix. While stopping near Gil'ead, Eragon is captured and imprisoned in the same jail that holds a woman he has been having dreams about. As she is being dragged past she is revealed as an elf when her pointed ears are uncovered. Murtagh and Saphira stage a rescue, and Eragon escapes with the unconscious elf. During the escape, Eragon and Murtagh battle with Durza. Murtagh shoots Durza between the eyes with an arrow, and the Shade disappears in a cloud of mist. Having escaped, they run off. Eragon succeeds in communicating", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17293231", "chunk_text": "\"Eragon (video game)\"\norder to coincide with the release of the film. In the game the player takes on the role of the protagonist from the book and film, Eragon, and occasionally controls his dragon Saphira. The game was generally received poorly by critics, usually receiving press averages around the 4-6 out of 10 region (or the equivalent). The combined sales in North America were over 400,000 copies. The majority of the game is taken up by third-person combat, usually on foot. At the start of the game the player can use four \"\"combo\"\" attacks. Additionally, they can use three basic magic attacks:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15419772", "chunk_text": "\"Inheritance (Paolini novel)\"\nwith a risky plan and Aroughs is taken, although Roran's men suffer many injuries. Roran rejoins the Varden at Dras-Leona when they are in the process of making plans to attack the city. Murtagh and his dragon Thorn are occupying the city, therefore not allowing a chance to attack the city directly. Jeod finds information on the entrance to a sewer system that was never completed under the city. Assuming the existence of a secret tunnel into the city, Eragon leads a small group (himself, Arya, Angela, the werecat Solembum, and an elf named Wyrden) into the city to open", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13887953", "chunk_text": "\"Inheritance (Paolini novel)\"\nKingdom, India, Australia, and New Zealand. It was released with a first print of 2.5 million copies. \"\"Inheritance\"\" starts when the Varden attack Belatona, a city of the Empire. In the battle, Saphira, Eragon's dragon, is nearly killed by a Dauthdaert (death spear) called Niernen —a spear from the Dragon Wars intended to destroy magical wards and kill dragons. Belatona is soon captured by the Varden, and an alliance is later formed between the Varden and the werecats. Afterwards, Eragon's cousin Roran is sent on a mission to capture Aroughs, which proves to be a difficult task. He comes up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8739721", "chunk_text": "\"Inheritance Cycle\"\nbe the daughter of Queen Islanzadí. During an elvish Agaetí Blödhren, or Blood-Oath Celebration, honoring the pact between elves and dragons, Eragon is changed by a symbolic dragon, giving him elf-like abilities and completely healing his back as well as all of his other injuries. Eragon then reveals his true feelings to Arya. After much persistence, Arya angrily rejects Eragon's suit. Meanwhile, Nasuada moves the Varden to the separate country of Surda which is ruled by King Orrin, and Roran moves the villagers of Carvahall to Surda, after their village was destroyed by the Ra'zac, who also captured Katrina. Eragon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8744499", "chunk_text": "\"The Dragon That Wasn't (Or Was He?)\"\nOllie to be his father, since Ollie was the first thing the little dragon saw. Ollie names the dragon Dexter (zwelgje), after his great grandfather. A rumor quickly spreads through town that Ollie laid an egg, after the local grocer brings an order to Marquis de Canteclaer explaining that he was late because he'd witnessed Ollie hatching an egg with a creature in it. The size and shape kept changing each time that the story gets retold from Mayor Dickerdack's office to the newspaper editor Mr. Tusker (Editor Phant) making its way to the entire town. Later that day, Yost", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9369709", "chunk_text": "\"Dragon (fantasy series)\"\na snow-white dog\"\". Pomfret<br> Pomfret is Shimmer's older brother and the current king of the Inland (Lost) Sea. His claim to the dream pearl which his mother had promised Shimmer led her to take it and flee. After the dragons of the Inland Sea migrated to the ocean ruled by his uncle, High King of the Dragons of Sambar XII, Pomfret played no role in attempting to advocate on behalf of his subjects who were forced to earn their keep in Sambar's dominion by working in dangerous conditions forging dragon steel and serving as outpost guards on the kingdom's periphery", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_250	points outside the production possibilities curve represent combinations of products that are?	n/a	[ "unattainable" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1138688", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nof one commodity for any given production level of the other, given the existing state of technology. By doing so, it defines productive efficiency in the context of that production set: a point on the frontier indicates efficient use of the available inputs (such as points B, D and C in the graph), a point beneath the curve (such as A) indicates inefficiency, and a point beyond the curve (such as X) indicates impossibility. PPFs are normally drawn as bulging upwards or outwards from the origin (\"\"concave\"\" when viewed from the origin), but they can be represented as bulging downward", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14284611", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\ncompared to what consumers would prefer, given what is feasible on the PPF. Production–possibility frontier A production–possibility frontier (PPF) or production possibility curve (PPC) is a curve which shows various combinations of set of two goods which can be produced with the given resources and technology where the given resources are fully and efficiently utilized per unit time. One good can only be produced by diverting resources from other goods, and so by producing less of them. This tradeoff is usually considered for an economy, but also applies to each individual, household, and economic organization. Graphically bounding the production set", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13461518", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nProduction–possibility frontier A production–possibility frontier (PPF) or production possibility curve (PPC) is a curve which shows various combinations of set of two goods which can be produced with the given resources and technology where the given resources are fully and efficiently utilized per unit time. One good can only be produced by diverting resources from other goods, and so by producing less of them. This tradeoff is usually considered for an economy, but also applies to each individual, household, and economic organization. Graphically bounding the production set for fixed input quantities, the PPF curve shows the maximum possible production level", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1138695", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nfrontier (such as \"\"A\"\") can be produced but are productively \"\"inefficient\"\"; all points outside the curve (such as \"\"X\"\") cannot be produced with the given, existing resources. Not all points on the curve are Pareto efficient, however; only in the case where the marginal rate of transformation is equal to all consumers' marginal rate of substitution and hence equal to the ratio of prices will it be impossible to find any trade that will make no consumer worse off. Any point that lies either on the production possibilities curve or to the left of it is said to be an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12854977", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nto the left in response to a reduction in an economy's productive capability. Thus all points on or within the curve are part of the production set: combinations of goods that the economy could potentially produce. If the two production goods depicted are capital investment (to increase future production possibilities) and current consumption goods, the higher the investment this year, the more the PPF would shift out in following years. Shifts of the curve can represent how technological progress that favors production possibilities of one good, say guns, more than the other shifts the PPF outwards more along the favored", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6235059", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nthat technological progress does not occur, if the economy is operating on the PPF, production of guns would need to be sacrificed to produce more butter. If production is efficient, the economy can choose between combinations (points) on the PPF: \"\"B\"\" if guns are of interest, \"\"C\"\" if more butter is needed, \"\"D\"\" if an equal mix of butter and guns is required. In the PPF, all points \"\"on\"\" the curve are points of maximum productive efficiency (no more output of any good can be achieved from the given inputs without sacrificing output of some good); all points inside the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14284597", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nattainable point: it can be produced with currently available resources. Points that lie to the right of the production possibilities curve are said to be unattainable because they cannot be produced using currently available resources. Points that lie strictly to the left of the curve are said to be inefficient, because existing resources would allow for production of more of at least one good without sacrificing the production of any other good. An efficient point is one that lies on the production possibilities curve. At any such point, more of one good can be produced only by producing less of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6998333", "chunk_text": "\"Economic region of production\"\nEconomic region of production In economics, the economic region of production is an offshoot of the theory of production function with two variables. It is a cost-oriented theory which defines the region in which the optimal factor combination will lie. It serves as a map of the region of optimal production. Production lines Q1 and Q2 are the isoquants, depicting the technically efficient factor combinations at different levels of production. The ridge lines A and B demarcate the technically efficient region of production. Above the line OA and below the line OB slope of the isoquants is positive which means", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1603675", "chunk_text": "Economics\ntotal output. Each point on the curve shows potential total output for the economy, which is the maximum feasible output of one good, given a feasible output quantity of the other good. Scarcity is represented in the figure by people being willing but unable in the aggregate to consume \"\"beyond the PPF\"\" (such as at \"\"X\"\") and by the negative slope of the curve. If production of one good \"\"increases\"\" along the curve, production of the other good \"\"decreases\"\", an inverse relationship. This is because increasing output of one good requires transferring inputs to it from production of the other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20364362", "chunk_text": "\"Expansion path\"\nof output, and the inputs can be expanded proportionately so as to maintain this optimal ratio as the allowable total cost expands. A Cobb–Douglas production function is an example of a production function that has an expansion path which is a straight line through the origin. Expansion path In economics, an expansion path (also called a scale line) is a curve in a graph with quantities of two inputs, typically capital and labor, plotted on the axes. The path connects optimal input combinations as the scale of production expands. A producer seeking to produce the most units of a product", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1138708", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\ngood's axis, \"\"biasing\"\" production possibilities in that direction. Similarly, if one good makes more use of say capital and if capital grows faster than other factors, growth possibilities might be biased in favor of the capital-intensive good. In microeconomics, the PPF shows the options open to an individual, household, or firm in a two-good world. By definition, each point on the curve is productively efficient, but, given the nature of market demand, some points will be more profitable than others. Equilibrium for a firm will be the combination of outputs on the PPF that is most profitable. From a macroeconomic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13067781", "chunk_text": "\"Production function\"\nare unobtainable with current technology, all points below are technically feasible, and all points on the function show the maximum quantity of output obtainable at the specified level of usage of the input. From point A to point C, the firm is experiencing positive but decreasing marginal returns to the variable input. As additional units of the input are employed, output increases but at a decreasing rate. Point B is the point beyond which there are diminishing average returns, as shown by the declining slope of the average physical product curve (APP) beyond point Y. Point B is just tangent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10385051", "chunk_text": "\"Utility–possibility frontier\"\nUtility–possibility frontier In welfare economics, a utility–possibility frontier (or utility possibilities curve), is a widely used concept analogous to the better-known production–possibility frontier. The graph shows the maximum amount of one person's utility given each level of utility attained by all others in society. Points on the curve are, by definition, Pareto efficient, while points off the curve are not. However, based on the extent of society’s preferences for an equal distribution of real income, a point off the curve may be preferred. All points on or below the utility–possibility frontier are attainable by society; all points above it are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20364360", "chunk_text": "\"Expansion path\"\nExpansion path In economics, an expansion path (also called a scale line) is a curve in a graph with quantities of two inputs, typically capital and labor, plotted on the axes. The path connects optimal input combinations as the scale of production expands. A producer seeking to produce the most units of a product in the cheapest possible way attempts to increase production along the expansion path. Economists Alfred Stonier and Douglas Hague defined \"\"expansion path\"\" as \"\"that line which reflects the least cost method of producing different levels of output, when factor prices remain constant.\"\" The points on an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6998334", "chunk_text": "\"Economic region of production\"\nthat increases in both capital and labour are required to produce a given fixed quantity of output. The ridge lines are the combination of points where marginal product (MP) of one of the factors is zero. The theory entails that there is a limit to how much one factor can be substituted for another. When production reaches a point where substitution between the factors becomes impossible (MP), the isoquant becomes positively sloping. No rational entrepreneur will operate at a point outside the ridge lines (Region of Economic Nonsense). Economic region of production In economics, the economic region of production is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10077639", "chunk_text": "\"Indifference curve\"\nIndifference curve In economics, an indifference curve connects points on a graph representing different quantities of two goods, points between which a consumer is \"\"indifferent\"\". That is, the consumer has no preference for one combination or bundle of goods over a different combination on the same curve. One can also refer to each point on the indifference curve as rendering the same level of utility (satisfaction) for the consumer. In other words, an indifference curve is the locus of various points showing different combinations of two goods providing equal utility to the consumer. Utility is then a device to represent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1138699", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nthe curve describe the tradeoff between the goods. The sacrifice in the production of the second good is called the \"\"opportunity cost\"\" (because increasing production of the first good entails losing the opportunity to produce some amount of the second). Opportunity cost is measured in the number of units of the second good forgone for one or more units of the first good. In the context of a PPF, opportunity cost is directly related to the shape of the curve (see below). If the shape of the PPF curve is a straight-line, the opportunity cost is constant as production of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18935309", "chunk_text": "\"Potential output\"\nwith the limits of our technology and our management skills. Graphically, the expansion of output beyond the natural limit can be seen as a shift of production volume above the optimum quantity on the average cost curve. Likewise, if GDP persists below natural GDP, inflation might decelerate as suppliers lower prices in order to sell more products, utilizing their excess production-capacity. Potential output in macroeconomics corresponds to one point on the production–possibility curve for a society as a whole, reflecting its natural, technological, and institutional constraints. Potential output has also been called the \"\"natural gross domestic product.\"\" If the economy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2779860", "chunk_text": "\"Production function\"\nto the steepest ray from the origin hence the average physical product is at a maximum. Beyond point B, mathematical necessity requires that the marginal curve must be below the average curve (See production theory basics for further explanation.). To simplify the interpretation of a production function, it is common to divide its range into 3 stages. In Stage 1 (from the origin to point B) the variable input is being used with increasing output per unit, the latter reaching a maximum at point B (since the average physical product is at its maximum at that point). Because the output", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4499387", "chunk_text": "\"Cost curve\"\nCost curve In economics, a cost curve is a graph of the costs of production as a function of total quantity produced. In a free market economy, productively efficient firms use these curves to find the optimal point of production (minimizing cost), and profit maximizing firms can use them to decide output quantities to achieve those aims. There are various types of cost curves, all related to each other, including total and average cost curves, and marginal (\"\"for each additional unit\"\") cost curves, which are equal to the differential of the total cost curves. Some are applicable to the short", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12854958", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\n(inwards) or linear (straight), depending on a number of assumptions. A PPF illustrates several economic concepts, such as scarcity of resources (the fundamental economic problem that all societies face), opportunity cost (or marginal rate of transformation), productive efficiency, allocative efficiency, and economies of scale. An outward shift of the PPC results from growth of the availability of inputs, such as physical capital or labour, or from technological progress in knowledge of how to transform inputs into outputs. Such a shift reflects, for instance, economic growth of an economy already operating at its full productivity (on the PPF), which means that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10385054", "chunk_text": "\"Utility–possibility frontier\"\nutility of any society members changes, thus shifting the UPC to the right for utility increases or to the left for utility decreases. Utility–possibility frontier In welfare economics, a utility–possibility frontier (or utility possibilities curve), is a widely used concept analogous to the better-known production–possibility frontier. The graph shows the maximum amount of one person's utility given each level of utility attained by all others in society. Points on the curve are, by definition, Pareto efficient, while points off the curve are not. However, based on the extent of society’s preferences for an equal distribution of real income, a point", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9855648", "chunk_text": "Isoquant\ncombination of inputs is on an isoquant. Finally, any combination of inputs above or to the right of an isoquant results in more output than any point on the isoquant. Although the marginal product of an input decreases as you increase the quantity of the input while holding all other inputs constant, the marginal product is never negative in the empirically observed range since a rational firm would never increase an input to decrease output. An isoquants shows all those combinations of factors which produce same level of output. An isoquants is also known as equal product curve or iso-product", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3663826", "chunk_text": "\"Indifference curve\"\nraises the counterpoint that using WTA as a measure of value would deter the development of a nation's infrastructure and economic growth. Indifference curve In economics, an indifference curve connects points on a graph representing different quantities of two goods, points between which a consumer is \"\"indifferent\"\". That is, the consumer has no preference for one combination or bundle of goods over a different combination on the same curve. One can also refer to each point on the indifference curve as rendering the same level of utility (satisfaction) for the consumer. In other words, an indifference curve is the locus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3761293", "chunk_text": "\"The Product Space\"\nhowever, if the country instead chose to start producing a dissimilar product such as copper wire or home appliances. While quantifying such overlap between the set of markets associated with each product would be difficult, the measure of proximity uses an outcome-based method founded on the idea that similar products (apples and pears) are more likely to be produced in tandem than dissimilar products (apples and copper wire). The RCA is a rigorous standard by which to consider competitive exportation in the global market. In order to exclude marginal exports, a country is said to export a product when they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10385052", "chunk_text": "\"Utility–possibility frontier\"\nnot attainable. The utility–possibility frontier is derived from the contract curve. The utility–possibility frontier (UPF) is the upper frontier of the utility possibilities set, which is the set of utility levels of agents possible for a given amount of output, and thus the utility levels possible in a given consumer Edgeworth box. In a competitive economy, any allocation over the utility–possibility frontier is a Pareto optimum, as the UPF is a representation of the Pareto contract curve in a different dimension (utilities versus goods). The set of points, which for a given level of utility of person 1, utility of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12854971", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nguns must be sacrificed. If at \"\"AA\"\", the marginal opportunity cost of butter in terms of guns is equal to 0.25, the sacrifice of one gun could produce four packets of butter, and the opportunity cost of guns in terms of butter is 4. The production-possibility frontier can be constructed from the contract curve in an Edgeworth production box diagram of factor intensity. The example used above (which demonstrates increasing opportunity costs, with a curve concave to the origin) is the most common form of PPF. It represents a disparity, in the factor intensities and technologies of the two production", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3761291", "chunk_text": "\"The Product Space\"\nthat can describe the relatedness between a pair of products: the amount of capital required for production, technological sophistication, or inputs and outputs in a product’s value chain, for examples. Choosing to study one of these notions assume the others are relatively unimportant; instead, the Product Space considers an outcome-based measure built on the idea that if a pair of products are related because they require similar institutions, capital, infrastructure, technology, etc., they are likely to be produced in tandem. Dissimilar goods, on the other hand, are less likely to be co-produced. This a posteriori test of similarity is called", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13461530", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nfactor of production to consider or if the factor intensity ratios in the two sectors were constant at all points on the production-possibilities curve. With varying returns to scale, however, it may not be entirely linear in either case. With economies of scale, the PPF would curve inward, with the opportunity cost of one good falling as more of it is produced. Specialization in producing successive units of a good determines its opportunity cost (say from mass production methods or specialization of labor). The two main determinants of the position of the PPF at any given time are the state", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20364361", "chunk_text": "\"Expansion path\"\nexpansion path occur where the firm's isocost curves, each showing fixed total input cost, and its isoquants, each showing a particular level of output, are tangent; each tangency point determines the firm's conditional factor demands. As a producer's allowable total cost increases, the firm moves from one of these tangency points to the next; the line joining the tangency points is called the expansion path. If an expansion path forms a straight line from the origin, the production technology is considered homothetic (or homoethetic). In this case, the ratio of input usages is always the same regardless of the level", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1603674", "chunk_text": "Economics\nwithout changing inputs, or in other words, the amount of \"\"waste\"\" is reduced. A widely accepted general standard is Pareto efficiency, which is reached when no further change can make someone better off without making someone else worse off. The production–possibility frontier (PPF) is an expository figure for representing scarcity, cost, and efficiency. In the simplest case an economy can produce just two goods (say \"\"guns\"\" and \"\"butter\"\"). The PPF is a table or graph (as at the right) showing the different quantity combinations of the two goods producible with a given technology and total factor inputs, which limit feasible", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4499403", "chunk_text": "\"Cost curve\"\nthat about 40% of firms reported falling variable or marginal cost, and 48.4% reported constant marginal/variable cost. Cost curve In economics, a cost curve is a graph of the costs of production as a function of total quantity produced. In a free market economy, productively efficient firms use these curves to find the optimal point of production (minimizing cost), and profit maximizing firms can use them to decide output quantities to achieve those aims. There are various types of cost curves, all related to each other, including total and average cost curves, and marginal (\"\"for each additional unit\"\") cost curves,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2618716", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nperspective, the PPF illustrates the production possibilities available to a nation or economy during a given period of time for broad categories of output. It is traditionally used to show the movement between committing all funds to consumption on the \"\"y\"\"-axis versus investment on the \"\"x\"\"-axis. However, an economy may achieve productive efficiency without necessarily being allocatively efficient. Market failure (such as imperfect competition or externalities) and some institutions of social decision-making (such as government and tradition) may lead to the wrong combination of goods being produced (hence the wrong mix of resources being allocated between producing the two goods)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13586991", "chunk_text": "\"Production function\"\n\"\"economic\"\" choice of how much of a factor input to use, or the degree to which one factor may be substituted for another. In the production function itself, the relationship of output to inputs is non-monetary; that is, a production function relates physical inputs to physical outputs, and prices and costs are not reflected in the function. In the decision frame of a firm making economic choices regarding production—how much of each factor input to use to produce how much output—and facing market prices for output and inputs, the production function represents the possibilities afforded by an exogenous technology. Under", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12854969", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nof the production–possibility frontier (PPF) at any given point is called the marginal rate of transformation (MRT). The slope defines the rate at which production of one good can be redirected (by reallocation of productive resources) into production of the other. It is also called the (marginal) \"\"opportunity cost\"\" of a commodity, that is, it is the opportunity cost of \"\"X\"\" in terms of \"\"Y\"\" at the margin. It measures how much of good Y is given up for one more unit of good \"\"X\"\" or vice versa. The shape of a PPF is commonly drawn as concave to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4965970", "chunk_text": "\"Ordinal utility\"\nA function formula_12 is said to \"\"represent\"\" the relation formula_6 if: Instead of defining a numeric function, an agent's preference relation can be represented graphically by indifference curves. This is especially useful when there are two kinds of goods, \"\"x\"\" and \"\"y\"\". Then, each indifference curve shows a set of points formula_15 such that, if formula_16 and formula_17 are on the same curve, then formula_18. An example indifference curve is shown below: Each indifference curve is a set of points, each representing a combination of quantities of two goods or services, all of which combinations the consumer is equally satisfied", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12141625", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\ndifferent goods is changing. But, opportunity cost usually will vary depending on the start and end points. In the diagram on the right, producing 10 more packets of butter, at a low level of butter production, costs the loss of 5 guns (shown as a movement from \"\"A\"\" to \"\"B\"\"). At point \"\"C\"\", the economy is already close to its maximum potential butter output. To produce 10 more packets of butter, 50 guns must be sacrificed (as with a movement from \"\"C\"\" to \"\"D\"\"). The ratio of gains to losses is determined by the \"\"marginal rate of transformation.\"\" The slope", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13067780", "chunk_text": "\"Production function\"\nfrom company to company and industry to industry. In a short run production function at least one of the formula_15's (inputs) is fixed. In the long run all factor inputs are variable at the discretion of management. Moysan and Senouci (2016) provide an analytical formula for all 2-input, neoclassical production functions. Any of these equations can be plotted on a graph. A typical (quadratic) production function is shown in the following diagram under the assumption of a single variable input (or fixed ratios of inputs so they can be treated as a single variable). All points above the production function", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12984631", "chunk_text": "\"Corner solution\"\nnot on the market-efficient maximization of related quantities, but rather based on brute-force boundary conditions. Such a solution lacks mathematical elegance, and most examples are characterized by externally forced conditions (such as \"\"variables \"\"x\"\" and \"\"y\"\" cannot be negative\"\") that put the actual local extrema outside the permitted values. The more usual solution will lie in the non-zero interior at the point of tangency between the objective function and the constraint. For example, in consumer theory the objective function is the indifference-curve map (the utility function) of the consumer. The budget line is the constraint. In the usual case, constrained", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12854976", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nof technology and management expertise (which are reflected in the available production functions) and the available quantities of factors of production (materials, direct labor, and factory overhead). Only points on or within a PPF are actually possible to achieve in the short run. In the long run, if technology improves or if the supply of factors of production increases, the economy's capacity to produce both goods increases; if this potential is realized, economic growth occurs. That increase is shown by a shift of the production-possibility frontier to the right. Conversely, a natural, military or ecological disaster might move the PPF", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4129682", "chunk_text": "\"Production function\"\nas the right side of where formula_2 is the quantity of output and formula_3 are the quantities of factor inputs (such as capital, labour, land or raw materials). If formula_2 is a scalar, then this form does not encompass joint production, which is a production process that has multiple co-products. On the other hand, if formula_5 maps from formula_6 to formula_7 then it is a joint production function expressing the determination of formula_8 different types of output based on the joint usage of the specified quantities of the formula_9 inputs. One formulation, unlikely to be relevant in practice, is as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2779866", "chunk_text": "\"Production function\"\nset of points in say labour-capital space at which the same quantity of output is produced for varying combinations of the inputs) is homogeneous of degree zero. Due to this, along rays coming from the origin, the slopes of the isoquants will be the same. Homothetic functions are of the form formula_26 where formula_27 is a monotonically increasing function (the derivative of formula_27 is positive (formula_29)), and the function formula_30 is a homogeneous function of any degree. In macroeconomics, aggregate production functions for whole nations are sometimes constructed. In theory they are the summation of all the production functions of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6672043", "chunk_text": "\"Cartesian product\"\nCartesian product In set theory (and, usually, in other parts of mathematics), a Cartesian product is a mathematical operation that returns a set (or product set or simply product) from multiple sets. That is, for sets \"\"A\"\" and \"\"B\"\", the Cartesian product is the set of all ordered pairs where and . Products can be specified using set-builder notation, e.g. A table can be created by taking the Cartesian product of a set of rows and a set of columns. If the Cartesian product is taken, the cells of the table contain ordered pairs of the form . More generally,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13067790", "chunk_text": "\"Production function\"\nproduction function is homogeneous of degree one, it is sometimes called \"\"linearly homogeneous\"\". A linearly homogeneous production function with inputs capital and labour has the properties that the marginal and average physical products of both capital and labour can be expressed as functions of the capital-labour ratio alone. Moreover, in this case if each input is paid at a rate equal to its marginal product, the firm's revenues will be exactly exhausted and there will be no excess economic profit. Homothetic functions are functions whose marginal technical rate of substitution (the slope of the isoquant, a curve drawn through the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1183080", "chunk_text": "Isoquant\nIsoquant An isoquant (derived from quantity and the Greek word iso, meaning equal) is a contour line drawn through the set of points at which the same quantity of output is produced while changing the quantities of two or more inputs. While an indifference curve mapping helps to solve the utility-maximizing problem of consumers, the isoquant mapping deals with the cost-minimization problem of producers. Isoquants are typically drawn along with isocost curves in capital-labor graphs, showing the technological tradeoff between capital and labor in the production function, and the decreasing marginal returns of both inputs. Adding one input while holding", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20806921", "chunk_text": "\"Product distribution\"\nProduct distribution A product distribution is a probability distribution constructed as the distribution of the product of random variables having two other known distributions. Given two statistically independent random variables \"\"X\"\" and \"\"Y\"\", the distribution of the random variable \"\"Z\"\" that is formed as the product is a \"\"product distribution\"\". The product is one type of algebra for random variables: Related to the product distribution are the ratio distribution, sum distribution (see List of convolutions of probability distributions) and difference distribution. More generally, one may talk of combinations of sums, differences, products and ratios. Many of these distributions are described", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10372396", "chunk_text": "\"Marginal product of labor\"\nof labor. At the point the AP reaches its maximum value AP equals the MP. Beyond this point the AP falls. During the early stages of production MP is greater than AP. When the MP is above the AP the AP will increase. Eventually the \"\"MP\"\" reaches it maximum value at the point of diminishing returns. Beyond this point MP will decrease. However, at the point of diminishing returns the MP is still above the AP and AP will continue to increase until MP equals AP. When MP is below AP, AP will decrease. Graphically, the \"\"AP\"\" curve can be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12854970", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\norigin to represent increasing opportunity cost with increased output of a good. Thus, MRT increases in absolute size as one moves from the top left of the PPF to the bottom right of the PPF. The marginal rate of transformation can be expressed in terms of either commodity. The marginal opportunity costs of guns in terms of butter is simply the reciprocal of the marginal opportunity cost of butter in terms of guns. If, for example, the (absolute) slope at point \"\"BB\"\" in the diagram is equal to 2, to produce one more packet of butter, the production of 2", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12854965", "chunk_text": "\"Production–possibility frontier\"\nthe other. Such a two-good world is a theoretical simplification because of the difficulty of graphical analysis of multiple goods. If we are interested in one good, a composite score of the other goods can be generated using different techniques. Furthermore, the production model can be generalised using higher-dimensional techniques such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and others. From a starting point on the frontier, if there is no increase in productive resources, increasing production of a first good entails decreasing production of a second, because resources must be transferred to the first and away from the second. Points along", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10372397", "chunk_text": "\"Marginal product of labor\"\nderived from the total product curve by drawing secants from the origin that intersect (cut) the total product curve. The slope of the secant line equals the average product of labor, where the slope = dQ/dL. The slope of the curve at each intersection marks a point on the average product curve. The slope increases until the line reaches a point of tangency with the total product curve. This point marks the maximum average product of labor. It also marks the point where MP (which is the slope of the total product curve) equals the AP (the slope of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_251	what is the largest magnitude earthquake that has occurred in the pacific northwest?	n/a	[ "The 1700 Cascadia earthquake" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5011307", "chunk_text": "\"1993 Scotts Mills earthquake\"\n1993 Scotts Mills earthquake The 1993 Scotts Mills earthquake, also known as the \"\"Spring break quake\"\", occurred in the U.S. state of Oregon on March 25 at 5:34 AM Pacific Standard Time. With a moment magnitude of 5.6 and a maximum perceived intensity of VII (\"\"Very strong\"\") on the Mercalli intensity scale, it was the largest earthquake in the Pacific Northwest since the Elk Lake and Goat Rocks earthquakes of 1981. Ground motion was widely felt in Oregon's Willamette Valley, the Portland metropolitan area, and as far north as the Puget Sound area near Seattle, Washington. The Scotts Mills mainshock", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2785186", "chunk_text": "\"2001 Nisqually earthquake\"\n2001 Nisqually earthquake The 2001 Nisqually earthquake occurred at on February 28, 2001. The intraslab earthquake had a moment magnitude of 6.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\"). The epicenter was in the southern Puget Sound, northeast of Olympia, but the shock was felt in Oregon, Canada, eastern Washington, and Idaho. This was one of several large earthquakes that occurred in the Puget Sound region in the prior 52 years and caused property damage valued at between one and four billion dollars. One person died of a heart attack and several hundred were injured. The Puget Sound area", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5803351", "chunk_text": "\"1949 Olympia earthquake\"\n1949 Olympia earthquake The 1949 Olympia earthquake occurred on April 13 at with a moment magnitude of 6.7 and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\"). The shock was located in the area between Olympia and Tacoma, and was felt throughout the state, as well as parts of Oregon, British Columbia, Idaho, and Montana. It is the largest recorded earthquake to occur in the Puget Sound region of Washington. Eight people were killed, a minimum of 64 people were injured, and the total damage is estimated at $25 million. Damage in Olympia from the earthquake was estimated between $500,000 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20943055", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of the Pacific Northwest\"\ndeposits are a draw to tourists and are part of the Nisga'a Memorial Lava Beds Provincial Park. The Pacific Northwest volcanoes continue to be a geologically active area. The most geologically recent volcanic eruptions include: The Pacific Northwest is seismically active. The Juan de Fuca Plate is capable of producing megathrust earthquakes of moment magnitude 9: the last such earthquake was the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, which produced a tsunami in Japan, and may have temporarily blocked the Columbia River with the Bonneville Slide. More recently, in 2001, the Nisqually earthquake (magnitude 6.8) struck northeast of Olympia, Washington, causing some structural", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6225436", "chunk_text": "\"1965 Puget Sound earthquake\"\n1965 Puget Sound earthquake The 1965 Puget Sound earthquake occurred at 08:28 PDT (15:28 UTC) on April 29 within the Puget Sound region of Washington State. It had a magnitude of 6.7 on the moment magnitude scale and a maximum perceived intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\") on the Mercalli intensity scale. It caused the deaths of seven people and about $12.5–28 million in damage. There were no recorded aftershocks. The western part of Washington State lies above the Cascadia subduction zone, where the Juan de Fuca Plate is being subducted beneath the North American Plate. The seismicity of this region consists", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11032263", "chunk_text": "\"Pacific Northwest Seismic Network\"\nPacific Northwest Seismic Network The Pacific Northwest Seismic Network, or PNSN, collects and studies ground motions from about 400 seismometers in the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. PNSN monitors volcanic and tectonic activity, gives advice and information to the public and policy makers, and works to mitigate earthquake hazard. Damaging earthquakes are well known in the Pacific Northwest, including several larger than magnitude 7, most notably the M9 1700 Cascadia earthquake and the M7.0–7.3 earthquake in about 900AD on the Seattle Fault. The M6.5 1965 Puget Sound earthquake shook the Seattle, Washington area, causing substantial damage and seven deaths.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4017564", "chunk_text": "\"1700 Cascadia earthquake\"\n1700 Cascadia earthquake The 1700 Cascadia earthquake occurred along the Cascadia subduction zone on January 26 with an estimated moment magnitude of 8.7–9.2. The megathrust earthquake involved the Juan de Fuca Plate from mid-Vancouver Island, south along the Pacific Northwest coast as far as northern California. The length of the fault rupture was about , with an average slip of . The earthquake caused a tsunami which struck the coast of Japan and may also be linked to the Bonneville Slide and the Tseax Cone eruption in British Columbia. The earthquake took place at about 21:00 Pacific Time on January", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9373321", "chunk_text": "\"1965 Puget Sound earthquake\"\nabout the installation of the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network in 1969. 1965 Puget Sound earthquake The 1965 Puget Sound earthquake occurred at 08:28 PDT (15:28 UTC) on April 29 within the Puget Sound region of Washington State. It had a magnitude of 6.7 on the moment magnitude scale and a maximum perceived intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\") on the Mercalli intensity scale. It caused the deaths of seven people and about $12.5–28 million in damage. There were no recorded aftershocks. The western part of Washington State lies above the Cascadia subduction zone, where the Juan de Fuca Plate is being subducted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10028256", "chunk_text": "\"2001 Nisqually earthquake\"\nThe region realized how they avoided a potential extremely damaging catastrophe. Many businesses, organizations, hospitals, etc. were asked to sign a regional disaster plan. This would allow disaster relief teams to locate and aid places much faster than before. It would also be able to direct limited resources to places with greatest immediate need. 2001 Nisqually earthquake The 2001 Nisqually earthquake occurred at on February 28, 2001. The intraslab earthquake had a moment magnitude of 6.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\"). The epicenter was in the southern Puget Sound, northeast of Olympia, but the shock was felt", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11032264", "chunk_text": "\"Pacific Northwest Seismic Network\"\nThis event spurred the installation of the Pacific Northwest Seismic Network in 1969 to monitor regional earthquake activity. Earthquakes are recorded frequently beneath Mount St. Helens, Mount Rainier, and Mount Hood. After successfully using seismic activity to predict the 1980 Mt. St. Helens eruption, monitoring was expanded to other Cascade Mountains volcanoes. The PNSN, in conjunction with the Cascades Volcano Observatory of the USGS, now monitors seismicity at all the Cascade volcanoes in Washington and Oregon. The network was significantly expanded after the damaging 2001 Nisqually earthquake. After an earthquake on January 30, 2009 the network's emergency notification system failed.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3334907", "chunk_text": "Seattle\nUnion Bay. Due to its location in the Pacific Ring of Fire, Seattle is in a major earthquake zone. On February 28, 2001, the magnitude 6.8 Nisqually earthquake did significant architectural damage, especially in the Pioneer Square area (built on reclaimed land, as are the Industrial District and part of the city center), but caused only one fatality. Other strong quakes occurred on January 26, 1700 (estimated at 9 magnitude), December 14, 1872 (7.3 or 7.4), April 13, 1949 (7.1), and April 29, 1965 (6.5). The 1965 quake caused three deaths in Seattle directly and one more by heart failure.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5803352", "chunk_text": "\"1949 Olympia earthquake\"\n$1 million by Governor Arthur B. Langlie. Eight buildings on the State Capital campus were damaged by the earthquake, as well as the Old Capitol Building in downtown Olympia. 1949 Olympia earthquake The 1949 Olympia earthquake occurred on April 13 at with a moment magnitude of 6.7 and a maximum Mercalli Intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\"). The shock was located in the area between Olympia and Tacoma, and was felt throughout the state, as well as parts of Oregon, British Columbia, Idaho, and Montana. It is the largest recorded earthquake to occur in the Puget Sound region of Washington. Eight people", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11329786", "chunk_text": "\"Chetco River\"\nwind. The mountains also shield the area from cool marine layers. Partially as a result of this phenomenon, Brookings recorded its highest temperature ever, , on July 8, 2008. Earthquakes are common, and large-scale ones occur around every 300 years. The Cascadia earthquake of 1700—estimated at 8.7–9.2 on the moment magnitude scale—caused a tsunami to sweep across California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia, reaching Japan the next day. It was produced when the entire Cascadia subduction zone, about long, slipped approximately in a megathrust event. Another major earthquake occurred in 1873 near present-day Brookings. With a magnitude of 7.3, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10484000", "chunk_text": "\"1872 North Cascades earthquake\"\njust south of the Canada–United States border at Ross Lake. The Cascadia subduction zone rarely influences the western portion of Washington state, but the November 1873 M7.3 shock near the California–Oregon border may have been associated with it. Although activity in the Pacific Northwest (especially west of the Cascades in Washington) has occasionally been located near the subduction zone, earthquakes there (1949 Olympia, 1965 Puget Sound, 2001 Nisqually) have mostly been intraslab events. A large M7 earthquake on the Seattle Fault in 900 C.E. may have generated a tsunami in Puget Sound. The 1872 event east of the Cascades is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15574743", "chunk_text": "\"Pacific Northwest Seismic Network\"\ncampus, and the network is managed by UW staff. Additional funding is provided by the Department of Energy, the State of Washington, and the State of Oregon. Pacific Northwest Seismic Network The Pacific Northwest Seismic Network, or PNSN, collects and studies ground motions from about 400 seismometers in the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. PNSN monitors volcanic and tectonic activity, gives advice and information to the public and policy makers, and works to mitigate earthquake hazard. Damaging earthquakes are well known in the Pacific Northwest, including several larger than magnitude 7, most notably the M9 1700 Cascadia earthquake and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14796609", "chunk_text": "Earthquake\nbetween 240,000 and 655,000 people, was the deadliest of the 20th century. The 1960 Chilean earthquake is the largest earthquake that has been measured on a seismograph, reaching 9.5 magnitude on 22 May 1960. Its epicenter was near Cañete, Chile. The energy released was approximately twice that of the next most powerful earthquake, the Good Friday earthquake (March 27, 1964) which was centered in Prince William Sound, Alaska. The ten largest recorded earthquakes have all been megathrust earthquakes; however, of these ten, only the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake is simultaneously one of the deadliest earthquakes in history. Earthquakes that caused", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12369363", "chunk_text": "\"Seattle Fault\"\ntheir energy is dissipated. And there are the infrequent but very powerful great subduction events, such as the magnitude 9 1700 Cascadia earthquake, where the entire Cascadia subduction zone, from Cape Mendocino to Vancouver Island, slips. But the Seattle and Tacoma faults are probably the most serious earthquake threat to the populous Seattle–Tacoma area. A 2002 study of bridge vulnerability estimated that a magnitude 7 earthquake on the Seattle Fault would damage approximately 80 bridges in the Seattle–Tacoma area, whereas a magnitude 9 subduction event would damage only around 87 bridges in all of Western Washington. The same study also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20943043", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of the Pacific Northwest\"\nin the Cascadia subduction zone. Volcanoes of the Garibaldi Volcanic Belt have been sporadically active over a time span of several millions of years. The northernmost member, the Mount Meager massif, was responsible for a major catastrophic eruption that occurred about 2,350 years ago. This eruption may have been close in size to that of the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. Ash from this eruption can be traced eastward to western Alberta. It is also the most unstable volcanic massive in Canada, which has dumped clay and rock several meters deep into the Pemberton Valley at least three times", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10385386", "chunk_text": "\"1949 Queen Charlotte Islands earthquake\"\nthe two earthquake events. This earthquake, larger than the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, is Canada's largest earthquake recorded by seismometers. However, the greatest earthquake in Canadian history was the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, a megathrust earthquake that occurred along the Pacific Northwest coast from Northern California to southwestern British Columbia which reached magnitude 9 on the Richter magnitude scale. Although nobody was killed in this earthquake, people and animals were knocked off their feet and there were landslides and other damage. Chimneys tumbled, and an oil tank at Cumshewa Inlet collapsed. In the service community of Terrace, away on the mainland,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2785192", "chunk_text": "\"2001 Nisqually earthquake\"\nunreliable as the moment magnitude was high but the hypocenter was deep under the earth. This earthquake was a 6.8 moment magnitude that caused $2 billion damage while the Northridge earthquake was a 6.7 moment magnitude, but caused more than $20 billion worth of damage as the hypocenter of the Northridge earthquake was much shallower and closer to the surface of the earth. Named after the Nisqually Delta, this earthquake hit the southern end of Puget Sound causing damage to the ports of Seattle and Tacoma. In the month following the earthquake, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20943071", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of the Pacific Northwest\"\nThe mountains are made of turbidite and pillow lavas unlike the plutons of the Coast Plutonic Complex that make the Coast Mountains. The Insular Mountains have much seismic activity, with the Juan de Fuca Plate subducting at the Cascadia subduction zone and the Pacific Plate sliding along the Queen Charlotte Fault. Large earthquakes have led to collapsing mountains, landslides, and the development of fissures. Flood basalts on Vancouver Island form a geologic formation called the Karmutsen Formation, which is perhaps the thickest accreted section of an oceanic plateau worldwide, exposing up to of basal sediment-sill complexes, basaltic to picritic pillow", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4017576", "chunk_text": "\"1700 Cascadia earthquake\"\nQuillayute River. Some other subduction zones have such earthquakes every 100 to 200 years; the longer interval results from slower plate motions. The rate of convergence between the Juan de Fuca Plate and the North American Plate is per year. 1700 Cascadia earthquake The 1700 Cascadia earthquake occurred along the Cascadia subduction zone on January 26 with an estimated moment magnitude of 8.7–9.2. The megathrust earthquake involved the Juan de Fuca Plate from mid-Vancouver Island, south along the Pacific Northwest coast as far as northern California. The length of the fault rupture was about , with an average slip of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5072064", "chunk_text": "\"1936 State Line earthquake\"\n1936 State Line earthquake The 1936 State Line earthquake (also referred to as the 1936 Milton-Freewater earthquake) struck at 23:08 Pacific time on July 15, 1936. The earthquake had an estimated magnitude of 5.8 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII \"\"(Very strong)\"\". The epicenter was near the Oregon/Washington state line approximately northwest of Milton-Freewater, Oregon and southwest of Walla Walla, Washington and was felt throughout the Pacific Northwest, including as far away as Bonners Ferry, Idaho near the Canadian border and by seismographs as far away as San Diego, California. Larger earthquakes like the 1936 State Line earthquake are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19767122", "chunk_text": "\"Cascadia subduction zone\"\nVent) about 2,350 years ago, and Mount St. Helens in 1980. Major cities affected by a disturbance in this subduction zone include Vancouver and Victoria, British Columbia; Seattle, Washington; and Portland, Oregon. There are no contemporaneous written records of the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. Orally transmitted legends from the Olympic Peninsula area tell of an epic battle between a thunderbird and a whale. In 2005, seismologist Ruth Ludwin set out to collect and analyze anecdotes from various First Nations groups. Reports from the Huu-ay-aht, Makah, Hoh, Quileute, Yurok, and Duwamish peoples referred to earthquakes and saltwater floods. This collection of data", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4442722", "chunk_text": "\"Juan de Fuca Plate\"\ncoast of North America from southern British Columbia to northern California. These in turn are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire, a much larger-scale volcanic feature that extends around much of the rim of the Pacific Ocean. The last megathrust earthquake at the Cascadia subduction zone was the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, estimated to have a moment magnitude of 8.7 to 9.2. Based on carbon dating of local tsunami deposits, it is inferred to have occurred around 1700. Evidence of this earthquake is also seen in the ghost forest along the bank of the Copalis River in Washington. The rings", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15830890", "chunk_text": "\"2002 Denali earthquake\"\n2002 Denali earthquake The 2002 Denali earthquake occurred at 22:12:41 UTC (1:12 PM Local Time) November 3 with an epicenter 66 km ESE of Denali National Park, Alaska, United States. This 7.9 M earthquake was the largest recorded in the United States in 37 years (after the 1965 Rat Islands earthquake). The shock was the strongest ever recorded in the interior of Alaska. Due to the remote location, there were no fatalities and only a few injuries. Due to the shallow depth, it was felt at least as far away as Seattle and it generated seiches on bodies of water", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17219106", "chunk_text": "\"Cascadia subduction zone\"\nof the major quakes on the northern San Andreas during at least the past 3,000 years or so. The evidence also shows the rupture direction going from north to south in each of these time-correlated events. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake seems to have been a major exception to this correlation, however, as it was not preceded by a major Cascadia quake. The last known great earthquake in the northwest was the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. Geological evidence indicates that great earthquakes (> magnitude 8.0) may have occurred sporadically at least seven times in the last 3,500 years, suggesting a return", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19767132", "chunk_text": "\"Cascadia subduction zone\"\nand can exceed magnitude 9.0. They occur when enough energy (stress) has accumulated in the \"\"locked\"\" zone of the fault to cause a rupture known as a megathrust earthquake. The magnitude of a megathrust earthquake is proportional to length of the rupture along the fault. The Cascadia Subduction Zone, which forms the boundary between the Juan de Fuca and North American plates, is a very long sloping fault that stretches from mid-Vancouver Island to Northern California. Because of the great length of the fault, the Cascadia Subduction Zone is capable of producing very large earthquakes if rupture occurs along its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20756572", "chunk_text": "\"1983 Borah Peak earthquake\"\n1983 Borah Peak earthquake The 1983 Borah Peak earthquake occurred on Friday, October 28, at in the Western United States, in the Lost River Range at Borah Peak in Central Idaho. The shock measured 6.9 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (\"\"Violent\"\"). It was the most violent earthquake on all 48 states since 1959. The earthquake was caused by a slip on the preexisting Lost River Fault. The event is the largest and most significant to strike in the state of Idaho. Two children were killed by falling masonry while walking to school", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15290774", "chunk_text": "\"1872 North Cascades earthquake\"\n1872 North Cascades earthquake The 1872 North Cascades earthquake occurred at in central Washington state. A maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\") was assessed for several locations, though less intense shaking was observed at many other locations in Washington, Oregon, and British Columbia. Some of these intermediate outlying areas reported V (\"\"Moderate\"\") to VII (\"\"Very strong\"\") shaking, but intensities as high as IV (\"\"Light\"\") were reported as far distant as Idaho and Montana. Due to the remote location of the mainshock and a series of strong aftershocks, damage to man made structures was limited to a few cabins close to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12245579", "chunk_text": "\"Canadian Cascade Arc\"\nlarge earthquakes of magnitude 7.0 or greater. The interface between the Juan de Fuca and North American plates remains locked for periods of roughly 500 years. During these periods, stress builds up on the interface between the plates and causes uplift of the North American margin. When the plate finally slips, the 500 years of stored energy are released in a massive earthquake. The most recent, the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, was recorded in the oral traditions of the First Nations people on Vancouver Island. It caused considerable tremors and a massive tsunami that traveled across the Pacific Ocean. The significant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4637864", "chunk_text": "\"Brian Atwater\"\nreceived his PhD from the University of Delaware. Brian Atwater Brian Franklin Atwater (born September 18, 1951) is a geologist who works for the United States Geological Survey and is also a research professor at the University of Washington. Atwater has spent much of his career studying the likelihood of large earthquakes and tsunamis in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In 2005, he published a book with others, \"\"The Orphan Tsunami of 1700,\"\" that summarizes the evidence for an 8.7–9.2 megathrust earthquake in the Pacific Northwest on 26 January 1700, known as the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. The earthquake", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16605606", "chunk_text": "\"Garibaldi Volcanic Belt\"\nconverge to per year. This is only about half the rate of convergence of seven million years ago. Scientists have estimated that there have been at least 13 significant earthquakes along the Cascadia subduction zone in the past 6,000 years. The most recent, the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, was recorded in the oral traditions of the First Nations people on Vancouver Island. It caused considerable tremors and a massive tsunami that traveled across the Pacific Ocean. The significant shaking associated with this earthquake demolished houses of the Cowichan Tribes on Vancouver Island and caused several landslides. Shaking due to this earthquake", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2018354", "chunk_text": "\"1932 Eureka earthquake\"\n1932 Eureka earthquake The 1932 Eureka earthquake occurred on June 6 at along the northern coastal area of California in the United States. With a moment magnitude of 6.4 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VIII (\"\"Severe\"\"), this earthquake left one person dead from a falling chimney and several injured. The shock was the largest in the area since 1923 and was felt in southern Oregon and northern California. Near Cape Mendocino, the Mendocino Triple Junction is an area of active seismicity where three tectonic plates come together. The Mendocino Fracture Zone (also known as the Mendocino Fault east of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11874452", "chunk_text": "\"Courtenay, British Columbia\"\nJune 1946, a 7.3 magnitude earthquake struck just west of Courtenay, with the epicentre located at Forbidden Plateau. The earthquake was felt as far north as Prince Rupert and as far south as Portland, Oregon. Many of the town's chimneys were destroyed, and there was significant damage to the post office and the Courtenay elementary school. This was the largest earthquake to hit Vancouver Island, and the largest onshore earthquake in Canada on record. There were only two reported deaths: one Seattle man died of a heart attack and another drowned when his boat capsized due to a resulting wave.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18683440", "chunk_text": "\"1980 Eureka earthquake\"\n1980 Eureka earthquake The 1980 Eureka earthquake (also known as the Gorda Basin earthquake) occurred on November 8 at along the northern coastal area of California in the United States. With a moment magnitude of 7.3 and a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (\"\"Very strong\"\"), this strike-slip earthquake was the largest to occur in California in 28 years. Although damage was considered light, several loss estimates equaled or exceeded $2 million, and six injuries resulted when two vehicles came down with the partial collapse of a highway overpass on US 101 in Fields Landing. The north coast of California experiences", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4637861", "chunk_text": "\"Brian Atwater\"\nBrian Atwater Brian Franklin Atwater (born September 18, 1951) is a geologist who works for the United States Geological Survey and is also a research professor at the University of Washington. Atwater has spent much of his career studying the likelihood of large earthquakes and tsunamis in the Pacific Northwest region of North America. In 2005, he published a book with others, \"\"The Orphan Tsunami of 1700,\"\" that summarizes the evidence for an 8.7–9.2 megathrust earthquake in the Pacific Northwest on 26 January 1700, known as the 1700 Cascadia earthquake. The earthquake produced a tsunami so large that contemporary reports", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19376640", "chunk_text": "Paleoseismology\nof the Pacific Northwest. It was thought for some time that there was low seismic hazard in region because relatively few modern earthquakes are being recorded. There was a concept that the subduction zone was merely sliding in a benign manner. All of these comforting notions were shattered by paleoseismology studies showing evidence of extremely large earthquakes (the most recent being in 1700), along with historical tsunami records. In effect, the subduction zone under British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and far northern California, is perfectly normal, being extremely hazardous in the long term, with the capability of generating coastal tsunamis of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15574741", "chunk_text": "\"Pacific Northwest Seismic Network\"\nA magnitude 4.3 earthquake in February 2015 showed that the present architecture of the network results in a significant delay in the early warning notification program, depending upon the location of the quake, leading to proposals to again expand the network. The early warning notification program was implemented with its reliability contingent upon unknown future funding, but with the election of Donald Trump \"\"future funding is uncertain\"\" according to Washington Congressman Derek Kilmer. The president's budget for the fiscal year commencing October 1, 2018 calls for reductions in funding and staff for the early warning notification program. The network operates", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20943038", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of the Pacific Northwest\"\ndebris. Rising above this volcanic platform are a few strikingly large volcanoes that dominate the landscape. The Cascade volcanoes define the Pacific Northwest section of the Ring of Fire, an array of volcanoes that rim the Pacific Ocean. The Ring of Fire is also known for its frequent earthquakes. The volcanoes and earthquakes arise from a common source: subduction. Beneath the Cascade Volcanic Arc, a dense oceanic plate plunges beneath the North American Plate; a process known as subduction. As the oceanic slab sinks deep into the Earth's interior beneath the continental plate, high temperatures and pressures allow water molecules", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6416272", "chunk_text": "\"Ring of Fire\"\nthe highest peaks are less than 100,000 years old. The arc formed by the subduction of the Gorda and Juan de Fuca plates at the Cascadia subduction zone. This is a 680-mi-long fault, running off the coast of the Pacific Northwest from northern California to Vancouver Island, British Columbia. The plates move at a relative rate over 0.4 in (10 mm) per year at a somewhat oblique angle to the subduction zone. Because of the very large fault area, the Cascadia subduction zone can produce very large earthquakes, magnitude 9.0 or greater, if rupture occurred over its whole area. When", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6512275", "chunk_text": "\"Queen Charlotte Fault\"\nthe 1949 earthquake indicates a virtually pure strike-slip movement with a northwest striking nodal plane corresponding to the strike of the fault. The 1970 earthquake did however show a similar strike-slip movement with a small but significant thrust component, consistent with relative plate motion. The 1949 earthquake was larger than the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, causing nearly a 500 kilometer long segment of the Queen Charlotte Fault to break. A 7.8 magnitude quake struck off the western coast of Haida Gwaii at around 8:10pm Pacific Time on Saturday 27 October 2012. This was the biggest quake in Canadian territory since", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11068190", "chunk_text": "\"San Fernando Valley\"\n\"\"Valley Girl\"\" and the 1983 film \"\"Valley Girl\"\". These helped fix the socio-economic stereotype of the \"\"Valley girl\"\" into the public consciousness, including a distinct Valley accent. The 1994 Northridge earthquake struck on January 17 and measured 6.7 on the Moment magnitude scale. It produced the largest ground motions ever recorded in an urban environment and was the first earthquake that had its hypocenter located directly under a U.S. city since the Long Beach earthquake of 1933. It caused the greatest damage in the United States since the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Although given the name Northridge, the epicenter was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20943056", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of the Pacific Northwest\"\ndamage and panic. In addition, eleven volcanoes in Canada have had seismic activity since 1975, including: the Silverthrone Caldera, Mount Meager massif, Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field, Mount Garibaldi, Mount Cayley massif, Castle Rock, The Volcano, Mount Edziza volcanic complex, Hoodoo Mountain, Crow Lagoon and Nazko Cone. The Columbia Plateau province is enveloped by one of the world's largest accumulations of lava. Over of the Earth's surface is covered by it. The topography here is dominated by geologically young lava flows that inundated the countryside with amazing speed, all within the last 17 million years. Over of basaltic lava, known as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5294347", "chunk_text": "\"Pacific Northwest\"\nranges, including the Coast Mountains, the Cascade Range, the Olympic Mountains, the Columbia Mountains, and the Rocky Mountains. The highest peak in the Pacific Northwest is Mount Rainier, in the Washington Cascades, at . Immediately inland from the Cascade Range are broad, generally dry plateaus. In the US, this region is known as the Columbia Plateau, while in British Columbia, it is the Interior Plateau, also called the Fraser Plateau. The Columbia Plateau was the scene of massive ice-age floods, and as a consequence, there are many coulees, canyons, and the Channeled Scablands. Much of the plateau, especially in eastern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3044607", "chunk_text": "\"1994 Northridge earthquake\"\n1994 Northridge earthquake The 1994 Northridge earthquake was a of 6.7 (), blind thrust earthquake which occurred on January 17 at 4:30:55 a.m. PST in the San Fernando Valley region of the County of Los Angeles. Its epicenter was in Reseda, a neighborhood in the north-central Valley. The quake had a duration of approximately 10–20 seconds, and its peak ground acceleration of 1.8\"\"g\"\" (16.7 m/s) was the highest ever instrumentally recorded in an urban area in North America. Strong ground motion was felt as far away as Las Vegas, Nevada, about 220 miles (360 km) from the epicenter. The peak", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5511079", "chunk_text": "\"1872 North Cascades earthquake\"\nreached the western portion of the state, near the highly populated Puget Sound region, and to the southeast beyond where the Hanford nuclear reactor site later stood. A relationship exists between the depth of the mainshock and the occurrence of aftershocks, and several Pacific Northwest earthquakes illustrate this link, like the February 1981 M5.5 Elk Lake event in southwest Washington that was followed by more than 1,000 in the first two years. The M7.3 1959 Hebgen Lake earthquake in Montana had a significant sequence of aftershocks, and the shallow M7 1983 Borah Peak event was followed by four aftershocks. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2584499", "chunk_text": "\"Puget Sound\"\na result of the Sound being part of the Cascadia subduction zone, where the terranes accreted at the edge of the Juan de Fuca Plate are being subducted under the North American Plate. There has not been a major subduction zone earthquake here since the magnitude nine Cascadia earthquake; according to Japanese records, it occurred 26 January 1700. Lesser Puget Sound earthquakes with shallow epicenters, caused by the fracturing of stressed oceanic rocks as they are subducted, still cause great damage. The Seattle Fault cuts across Puget Sound, crossing the southern tip of Bainbridge Island and under Elliott Bay. To", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2562451", "chunk_text": "\"Portland, Oregon\"\na hazard\"\" than the Cascadia subduction zone due to their proximities to population centers, with the potential of producing magnitude 7 earthquakes. Notable earthquakes that have impacted the Portland area in recent history include the 6.8-magnitude Nisqually earthquake in 2001, and a 5.6-magnitude earthquake that struck on March 25, 1993. Per a 2014 report, over 7,000 locations within the Portland area are at high-risk for landslides and soil liquefaction in the event of a major earthquake, including much of the city's west side (such as Washington Park) and sections of Clackamas County. Portland is east of the Pacific Ocean at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5131437", "chunk_text": "\"Mount Cayley volcanic field\"\nper year. This is only about half the rate of convergence from seven million years ago. Scientists have estimated that there have been at least 13 significant earthquakes along the Cascadia subduction zone in the last 6,000 years. The most recent, the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, was recorded in the oral traditions of the First Nations people on Vancouver Island. It caused considerable tremors and a massive tsunami that traveled across the Pacific Ocean. The significant shaking associated with this earthquake demolished houses of the Cowichan Tribes on Vancouver Island and caused several landslides. Shaking due to this earthquake made it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_252	when does the champions league quarter finals start?	n/a	[ "16 March 2018", "3–4 April 2018" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3216126", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\n\"\"Barcelona won 4–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Bayern Munich won 8–1 on aggregate.\"\" <section begin=QF /> The draw for the quarter-finals was held on 16 March 2018, 12:00 CET.<section end=QF /> <section begin=QF /> The first legs were played on 3 and 4 April, and the second legs were played on 10 and 11 April 2018. \"\"4–4 on aggregate. Roma won on away goals.\"\" \"\"Bayern Munich won 2–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Real Madrid won 4–3 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Liverpool won 5–1 on aggregate.\"\" <section begin=SF /> The draw for the semi-finals was held on 13 April 2018, 13:00 CEST.<section end=SF /> For the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18960264", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League\"\nThe draw for the quarter-finals will be held on 15 March 2019. The first leg matches will be played on 9 and 10 April, and the second leg matches will be played on 16 and 17 April 2019. The draw for the semi-finals will be held on 15 March 2019 (after the quarter-final draw). The first leg matches will be played on 30 April and 1 May, and the second leg matches will be played on 7 and 8 May 2019. The final will be played on 1 June 2019 at the Wanda Metropolitano in Madrid. The \"\"home\"\" team (for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3216134", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Europa League knockout phase\"\nbegin=QF /> The draw for the quarter-finals was held on 16 March 2018, 13:00 CET.<section end=QF /> For the first time since the 2004–05 UEFA Cup, all the eight teams at this stage represented different national associations. <section begin=QF /> The first legs were played on 5 April, and the second legs were played on 12 April 2018. \"\"Marseille won 5–3 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Arsenal won 6–3 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Atlético Madrid won 2–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Red Bull Salzburg won 6–5 on aggregate.\"\" <section begin=SF /> The draw for the semi-finals was held on 13 April 2018, 12:00 CEST.<section end=SF /> <section", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10954255", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\nare held at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland). The draw for the round of 16 was held on 17 December 2018, 12:00 CET. The first legs will be played on 12, 13, 19 and 20 February, and the second legs will be played on 5, 6, 12 and 13 March 2019. <section begin=R16 /> The draw for the quarter-finals will be held on 15 March 2019, 12:00 CET. The first legs will be played on 9 and 10 April, and the second legs will be played on 16 and 17 April 2019. The draw for the semi-finals will be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "560442", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League qualifying phase and play-off round\"\nof the semi-finals and the administrative \"\"home\"\" team of each semi-final and final. A total of four teams were involved in the preliminary round draw. Two teams were seeded and two teams were unseeded for the semi-final round draw. The semi-final round was played on 26 June, and the final round on 29 June 2018, both at the Victoria Stadium in Gibraltar. <section begin=PR /> The draw for the first qualifying round was held on 19 June 2018, 12:00 CEST. A total of 32 teams were involved in the first qualifying round draw: 31 teams entering in this round, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6176828", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 UEFA Champions League\"\non 17 March 2017. The first legs were played on 11 and 12 April, and the second legs were played on 18 and 19 April 2017. The draw for the semi-finals was held on 21 April 2017. The first legs were played on 2 and 3 May, and the second legs were played on 9 and 10 May 2017. The final was played on 3 June 2017 at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, Wales. The \"\"home\"\" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the semi-final draw. Statistics exclude qualifying rounds and play-off round. The UEFA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10954256", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\nheld on 15 March 2019, 12:00 CET (after the quarter-final draw). The first legs will be played on 30 April and 1 May, and the second legs will be played on 7 and 8 May 2019. The final will be played on 1 June 2019 at the Wanda Metropolitano in Madrid. The \"\"home\"\" team (for administrative purposes) will be determined by an additional draw held after the quarter-final and semi-final draws. 2018–19 UEFA Champions League knockout phase The 2018–19 UEFA Champions League knockout phase is scheduled to begin on 12 February and end on 1 June 2019 with the final", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3216127", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\ntime since the 2009–10 UEFA Champions League, all the four teams at this stage represent different national associations. <section begin=SF /> The first legs were played on 24 and 25 April, and the second legs were played on 1 and 2 May 2018. \"\"Real Madrid won 4–3 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Liverpool won 7–6 on aggregate.\"\" <section begin=Final /> The final was played at the NSC Olimpiyskiy Stadium in Kiev on 26 May 2018. The \"\"home\"\" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the semi-final draw. <section end=Final /> 2017–18 UEFA Champions League knockout phase The 2017–18", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3216125", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\nwas held on 11 December 2017, 12:00 CET.<section end=R16 /> With five English teams in the round of 16, this was the first time five teams from one association qualified for the Champions League knockout phase. <section begin=R16 /> The first legs were played on 13, 14, 20 and 21 February, and the second legs were played on 6, 7, 13 and 14 March 2018. \"\"Juventus won 4–3 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Manchester City won 5–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Liverpool won 5–0 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Sevilla won 2–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Real Madrid won 5–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"2–2 on aggregate. Roma won on away goals.\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14801560", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase\"\nNovember 2017, 13:30 CET, at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland.<section end=QF_draw /> <section begin=QF /> The first legs were played on 21 and 22 March, and the second legs on 28 March 2018. \"\"Chelsea won 5–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Wolfsburg won 6–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Manchester City won 7–3 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Lyon won 3–1 on aggregate.\"\" <section begin=SF_draw /> The draw for the semi-finals was held on 24 November 2017, 13:30 CET (together with the quarter-final draw), at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland.<section end=SF_draw /> <section begin=SF /> The first legs were played on 22 April, and the second legs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3216122", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\n2017–18 UEFA Champions League knockout phase The 2017–18 UEFA Champions League knockout phase began on 13 February and ended on 26 May 2018 with the final at the NSC Olimpiyskiy Stadium in Kiev, Ukraine, to decide the champions of the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League. A total of 16 teams competed in the knockout phase. Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times are in parentheses). The schedule of the knockout phase was as follows (all draws are held at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland). The knockout phase involves the 16 teams which qualify as winners and runners-up of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "560443", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League qualifying phase and play-off round\"\nthe winners of the preliminary round. They were divided into three groups: two of ten teams, where five teams were seeded and five teams were unseeded, and one of twelve teams, where six teams were seeded and six teams were unseeded. The first legs were played on 10 and 11 July, and the second legs on 17 and 18 July 2018. <section begin=Q1 /> <section end=Q1 /> \"\"Sheriff Tiraspol won 4–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Shkëndija won 5–4 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Sūduva Marijampolė won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Qarabağ won 1–0 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"MOL Vidi won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Malmö FF won 5–0 on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6971233", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\n18 and 19 April 2017. <section begin=QF /> \"\"Atlético Madrid won 2–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Monaco won 6–3 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Real Madrid won 6–3 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Juventus won 3–0 on aggregate.\"\" The draw was held on 21 April 2017. The first legs were played on 2 and 3 May, and the second legs were played on 9 and 10 May 2017. <section begin=SF /> \"\"Real Madrid won 4–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Juventus won 4–1 on aggregate.\"\" The final was played on 3 June 2017 at Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, Wales. The \"\"home\"\" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2202218", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\n2018–19 UEFA Champions League knockout phase The 2018–19 UEFA Champions League knockout phase is scheduled to begin on 12 February and end on 1 June 2019 with the final at the Wanda Metropolitano in Madrid, Spain, to decide the champions of the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League. A total of 16 teams compete in the knockout phase. For the first time, the video assistant referee (VAR) system will be used in the Champions League knockout phase. Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses). The knockout phase involves the 16 teams which qualify as winners", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18960263", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League\"\n1899 Hoffenheim, Red Star Belgrade (1991 European champions) and Young Boys will make their debut appearances in the group stage (although Red Star Belgrade have appeared in the European Cup group stage). In the knockout phase, teams play against each other over two legs on a home-and-away basis, except for the one-match final. The draw for the round of 16 was held on 17 December 2018 at 12:00 PM CET. The first leg matches will be played on 12, 13, 19, and 20 February, and the second leg matches will be played on 5, 6, 12, and 13 March 2019.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14801299", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Champions League group stage\"\nof 16, while the third-placed teams entered the Europa League round of 32. <section begin=Tiebreakers /> Teams were ranked according to points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss), and if tied on points, the following tiebreaking criteria were applied, in the order given, to determine the rankings (Regulations Articles 17.01): The matchdays were 12–13 September, 26–27 September, 17–18 October, 31 October – 1 November, 21–22 November, and 5–6 December 2017. The match kickoff times were 20:45 CEST/CET in general, except for certain matches for geographical reasons. Times are CET/CEST, as listed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16488803", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League group stage\"\n2018–19 UEFA Champions League group stage The 2018–19 UEFA Champions League group stage began on 18 September and ended on 12 December 2018. A total of 32 teams competed in the group stage to decide the 16 places in the knockout phase of the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League. The draw for the group stage was held on 30 August 2018, 18:00 CEST, at the Grimaldi Forum in Monaco. The 32 teams were drawn into eight groups of four, with the restriction that teams from the same association could not be drawn against each other. For the draw, the teams were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14801300", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Champions League group stage\"\nby UEFA (local times are in parentheses). 2017–18 UEFA Champions League group stage The 2017–18 UEFA Champions League group stage began on 12 September and ended on 6 December 2017. A total of 32 teams competed in the group stage to decide the 16 places in the knockout phase of the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League. The draw for the group stage was held on 24 August 2017, 18:00 CEST, at the Grimaldi Forum in Monaco. The 32 teams were drawn into eight groups of four, with the restriction that teams from the same association could not be drawn against each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12130928", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 UEFA Champions League\"\nof 17 national associations are represented in the group stage. Leicester City and Rostov made their debut appearances in the group stage. In the knockout phase, teams play against each other over two legs on a home-and-away basis, except for the one-match final. The mechanism of the draws for each round is as follows: The draw for the round of 16 was held on 12 December 2016. The first legs were played on 14, 15, 21 and 22 February, and the second legs were played on 7, 8, 14 and 15 March 2017. The draw for the quarter-finals was held", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3216135", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Europa League knockout phase\"\nbegin=SF /> The first legs were played on 26 April, and the second legs were played on 3 May 2018. \"\"Marseille won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Atlético Madrid won 2–1 on aggregate.\"\" <section begin=Final /> The final was played at the Parc Olympique Lyonnais in Décines-Charpieu on 16 May 2018. The \"\"home\"\" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the semi-final draw. <section end=Final /> 2017–18 UEFA Europa League knockout phase The 2017–18 UEFA Europa League knockout phase began on 13 February and ended on 16 May 2018 with the final at the Parc Olympique Lyonnais", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6971232", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 UEFA Champions League knockout phase\"\nlegs were played on 14, 15, 21 and 22 February, and the second legs were played on 7, 8, 14 and 15 March 2017. <section begin=Rof16 /> \"\"6–6 on aggregate. Monaco won on away goals.\"\" \"\"Real Madrid won 6–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Borussia Dortmund won 4–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Bayern Munich won 10–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Juventus won 3–0 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Atlético Madrid won 4–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Barcelona won 6–5 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Leicester City won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" The draw was held on 17 March 2017. The first legs were played on 11 and 12 April, and the second legs were played on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6409585", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase\"\nThe draws for the quarter-finals and semi-finals were held on 25 November 2016, 13:30 CET, at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland. <section begin=Quarter-finals /> The first legs were played on 22 and 23 March, and the second legs on 29 and 30 March 2017. \"\"Manchester City won 2–0 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Barcelona won 3–0 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Lyon won 2–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Paris Saint-Germain won 4–1 on aggregate.\"\" <section begin=Semi-finals /> The first legs were played on 22 April, and the second legs on 29 April 2017. \"\"Paris Saint-Germain won 5–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Lyon won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" The final was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3216196", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase\"\n2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase The 2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase began on 4 October 2017 and ended on 24 May 2018 with the final at the Valeriy Lobanovskyi Dynamo Stadium in Kiev, Ukraine, to decide the champions of the 2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League. A total of 32 teams competed in the knockout phase. Times from 29 October 2017 up to 24 March 2018 (both legs of round of 16 and first legs of quarter-finals) are CET (), all other times are CEST (). The schedule of the knockout phase was as follows (all draws", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18960260", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League\"\nleg matches were played on 7 and 8 August, and the second leg matches were played on 14 August 2018. The losing teams from Champions Path enter the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League play-off round, while the losing teams from League Path enter the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League group stage. The play-off round was split into two separate sections: Champions Path (for league champions) and League Path (for league non-champions). The draw for the play-off round was held on 6 August 2018. The first legs were played on 21 and 22 August, and the second legs were played on 28 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5928582", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase\"\nPraha won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"LSK Kvinner won 3–1 on aggregate.\"\" <section begin=QF /> The draw for the quarter-finals was held on 9 November 2018, 13:00 CET, at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland.<section end=QF /> <section begin=QF /> The first legs will be played on 20 and 21 March, and the second legs on 27 and 28 March 2019. <section begin=SF /> The draw for the semi-finals was held on on 9 November 2018, 13:00 CET (after the quarter-final draw), at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland.<section end=SF /> <section begin=SF /> The first legs will be played on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16488807", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League group stage\"\nwere ranked according to points (3 points for a win, 1 point for a draw, 0 points for a loss), and if tied on points, the following tiebreaking criteria were applied, in the order given, to determine the rankings (Regulations Articles 17.01): The matchdays were 18–19 September, 2–3 October, 23–24 October, 6–7 November, 27–28 November, and 11–12 December 2018. The scheduled kickoff times were 21:00 CET/CEST, with two matches on each Tuesday and Wednesday scheduled for 18:55 CET/CEST. Times are CET/CEST, as listed by UEFA (local times, if different, are in parentheses). 2018–19 UEFA Champions League group stage The 2018–19", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13953878", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 Basketball Champions League\"\nthe quarter-finals onward, the draw was entirely random, without country protection. The first legs were played on 7–8 February, and the second legs were played on 21–22 February 2017. The first legs were played on 28 February–1 March, and the second legs were played on 7–8 March 2017. The first legs were played on 21–22 March, and the second legs were played on 28–29 March 2017. The Final Four was the last phase of the season, and was held over a weekend. The semi-final games were played on Friday evening. Sunday started with the third-place game, followed by the championship", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18960257", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League\"\none-legged semi-final and final ties. The draw for the preliminary round was held on 12 June 2018. The semi-final round was played on 26 June, and the final round was played on 29 June 2018, both at the Victoria Stadium in Gibraltar. The losers of both semi-final and final round matches entered the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League second qualifying round. Drita's win on 26 June 2018 was the first time that a team representing Kosovo had won a game in any UEFA competition. In the qualifying and play-off rounds, teams are divided into seeded and unseeded teams based on their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11342145", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 UEFA Champions League\"\n16 was held on 14 December 2015. The first legs were played on 16, 17, 23 and 24 February, and the second legs were played on 8, 9, 15 and 16 March 2016. The draw for the quarter-finals was held on 18 March 2016. The first legs were played on 5 and 6 April, and the second legs were played on 12 and 13 April 2016. The draw for the semi-finals was held on 15 April 2016. The first legs were played on 26 and 27 April, and the second legs were played on 3 and 4 May 2016. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3216203", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase\"\non 29 April 2018. \"\"Wolfsburg won 5–1 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Lyon won 1–0 on aggregate.\"\" <section begin=F_draw /> The final was played at the Valeriy Lobanovskyi Dynamo Stadium in Kiev on 24 May 2018. The \"\"home\"\" team for the final (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the quarter-final and semi-final draws.<section end=F_draw /> 2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase The 2017–18 UEFA Women's Champions League knockout phase began on 4 October 2017 and ended on 24 May 2018 with the final at the Valeriy Lobanovskyi Dynamo Stadium in Kiev, Ukraine, to decide the champions of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15815084", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Youth League knockout phase\"\nbegin=R16_draw /> The draw for the round of 16 onwards was held on 9 February 2018, 13:00 CET, at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland. The mechanism of the draws for each round was as follows: <section begin=Bracket /> <section end=Bracket /> <section begin=R16 /> The round of 16 matches were played on 20 and 21 February 2018. <section begin=QF /> The quarter-finals were played on 13 and 14 March 2018. <section begin=SF /> The semi-finals were played on 20 April 2018 at Colovray Stadium, Nyon. <section begin=F /> The final was played on 23 April 2018 at Colovray Stadium,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18960259", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League\"\nchampions) and League Path (for league non-champions). The draw for the second qualifying round was held on 19 June 2018. The first leg matches were played on 24 and 25 July, and the second leg matches were played on 31 July and 1 August 2018. The losing teams from both Champions Path and League Path entered the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League third qualifying round. The third qualifying round is split into two separate sections: Champions Path (for league champions) and League Path (for league non-champions). The draw for the third qualifying round was held on 23 July 2018. The first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18746604", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League qualifying phase and play-off round\"\n6 August 2018, 12:00 CEST. A total of 12 teams were involved in the play-off round draw. The first legs were played on 21 and 22 August, and the second legs on 28 and 29 August 2018. <section begin=PO /> \"\"2–2 on aggregate. Red Star Belgrade won on away goals.\"\" \"\"PSV Eindhoven won 6–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Young Boys won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"AEK Athens won 3–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Benfica won 5–2 on aggregate.\"\" \"\"Ajax won 3–1 on aggregate.\"\" There were 211 goals scored in 91 matches in the qualifying phase and play-off round, for an average of 211/91 round 2", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18960256", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League\"\nto the access list were made: League positions of the previous season shown in parentheses (TH: Champions League title holders; EL: Europa League title holders). The schedule of the competition is as follows (all draws are held at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland, unless stated otherwise). From this season, there will be staggered kick-off times in the group stage at 18:55 CET and 21:00 CET. Kick-off times starting from the knock-out phase will be 21:00 CET. In the preliminary round, teams were divided into seeded and unseeded teams based on their 2018 UEFA club coefficients, and then drawn into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13814528", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Champions League\"\ntheir own teams. Jury members selected their top three players, with the first receiving five points, the second three and the third one. The shortlist of the top three players were announced on 9 August 2018. The award winners were announced and presented during the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League group stage draw in Monaco on 30 August 2018. 2017–18 UEFA Champions League The 2017–18 UEFA Champions League was the 63rd season of Europe's premier club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 26th season since it was renamed from the European Champion Clubs' Cup to the UEFA Champions League. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18746596", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League qualifying phase and play-off round\"\n2018–19 UEFA Champions League qualifying phase and play-off round The 2018–19 UEFA Champions League qualifying phase and play-off round began on 26 June and ended on 29 August 2018. A total of 53 teams competed in the qualifying system of the 2018–19 UEFA Champions League, which includes the qualifying phase and the play-off round, with 43 teams in Champions Path and 10 teams in League Path. The six winners in the play-off round (four from Champions Path, two from League Path) advanced to the group stage, to join the 26 teams that enter in the group stage. Times are CEST", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7807646", "chunk_text": "\"2014–15 UEFA Champions League\"\nplayed on 17, 18, 24 and 25 February, and the second legs were played on 10, 11, 17 and 18 March 2015. The draw for the quarter-finals was held on 20 March 2015. The first legs were played on 14 and 15 April, and the second legs were played on 21 and 22 April 2015. The draw for the semi-finals and final (to determine the \"\"home\"\" team for administrative purposes) was held on 24 April 2015. The first legs were played on 5 and 6 May, and the second legs were played on 12 and 13 May 2015. Statistics exclude", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12514577", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Europa League\"\nThe first legs were played on 26 and 28 June, and the second legs were played on 5 July 2018. In the qualifying and play-off rounds, teams are divided into seeded and unseeded teams based on their 2018 UEFA club coefficients (for Main Path), or based on which round they qualified from (for Champions Path), and then drawn into two-legged home-and-away ties. The draw for the first qualifying round was held on 20 June 2018. The first legs were played on 10, 11 and 12 July, and the second legs were played on 17, 18 and 19 July 2018. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14801295", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Champions League group stage\"\n2017–18 UEFA Champions League group stage The 2017–18 UEFA Champions League group stage began on 12 September and ended on 6 December 2017. A total of 32 teams competed in the group stage to decide the 16 places in the knockout phase of the 2017–18 UEFA Champions League. The draw for the group stage was held on 24 August 2017, 18:00 CEST, at the Grimaldi Forum in Monaco. The 32 teams were drawn into eight groups of four, with the restriction that teams from the same association could not be drawn against each other. For the draw, the teams were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3216128", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Europa League knockout phase\"\n2017–18 UEFA Europa League knockout phase The 2017–18 UEFA Europa League knockout phase began on 13 February and ended on 16 May 2018 with the final at the Parc Olympique Lyonnais in Décines-Charpieu, France, to decide the champions of the 2017–18 UEFA Europa League. A total of 32 teams competed in the knockout phase. Times up to 24 March 2018 (round of 32 and round of 16) are CET (), thereafter (quarter-finals and beyond) times are CEST (). The schedule of the knockout phase was as follows (all draws were held at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland). Matches may", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7136434", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UEFA Champions League Final\"\nLipa performed at the opening ceremony preceding the final. Jamaican rapper Sean Paul joined her as a special guest to perform their collaborative song, \"\"No Lie\"\". The 2018 UEFA Women's Champions League Final was held two days earlier, on 24 May 2018, at the Valeriy Lobanovskyi Dynamo Stadium between Wolfsburg and Lyon, Lyon emerging victorious 4–1. This was also the last time that the host city for the men's Champions League final was also automatically assigned the Women's Champions League final. The annual UEFA Champions Festival was held between 24–27 May 2018 at the Kiev city centre. In late May,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7475182", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Basketball Champions League\"\nJanuary, 30–31 January and 6–7 February 2017. In the playoffs, teams play against each other over two legs on a home-and-away basis, except for the Final Four. In the playoffs draw, the group winners and the runners-up are seeded, and the third-placed teams and the fourth-placed teams are unseeded. The seeded teams are drawn against the unseeded teams, with the seeded teams hosting the second leg. Teams from the same group cannot be drawn against each other. The first legs were played on 6–7 March, and the second legs on 13–14 March 2018. The first legs were played on 27–28", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6711690", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 UEFA Champions League\"\nAugust 2017, 18:00 CEST, at the Grimaldi Forum in Monaco. The 32 teams were drawn into eight groups of four, with the restriction that teams from the same association cannot be drawn against each other. For the draw, the teams were seeded into four pots based on the following principles (introduced starting 2015–16 season): In each group, teams played against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format. The group winners and runners-up advanced to the round of 16, while the third-placed teams entered the 2017–18 UEFA Europa League round of 32. The matchdays were 12–13 September, 26–27 September, 17–18 October,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7136440", "chunk_text": "\"2018 UEFA Champions League Final\"\nthe net. A second chance on goal for Ronaldo in the 93rd minute of play was interrupted by a pitch invader, who was captured by stadium stewards. The \"\"home\"\" team (for administrative purposes) was determined by an additional draw held after the semi-final draw, which was held on 13 April 2018, 13:00 CEST, at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> Real Madrid became the first team since Bayern Munich in 1974–76 to win three consecutive UEFA Champions Leagues or European Cups. The title was Madrid's 13th, another Champions League record, and their fourth in five years. Real Madrid's victory", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "594000", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 Basketball Champions League\"\nThe playoffs start on 5 March 2019 and end 3 April 2019. In the playoffs, teams play against each other over two legs on a home-and-away basis, except for the Final Four. In the playoffs draw, the group winners and the runners-up are seeded, and the third-placed teams and the fourth-placed teams are unseeded. The seeded teams are drawn against the unseeded teams, with the seeded teams hosting the second leg. Teams from the same group cannot be drawn against each other. The first legs were played on 6–7 March, and the second legs on 13–14 March 2018. The first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18746601", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League qualifying phase and play-off round\"\nsimply take the seeding of its opponent. Prior to the draws, UEFA may form \"\"groups\"\" in accordance with the principles set by the Club Competitions Committee, but they are purely for convenience of the draw and do not resemble any real groupings in the sense of the competition. Teams from associations with political conflicts as decided by UEFA may not be drawn into the same tie. The schedule is as follows (all draws are held at the UEFA headquarters in Nyon, Switzerland). The draw for the preliminary round was held on 12 June 2018, 12:00 CEST, to determine the matchups", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14719666", "chunk_text": "\"Leicester City F.C. in European football\"\nand Marc Albrighton. Kasper Schmeichel saved a penalty from Steven Nzonzi with ten minutes to go, sealing the win. This meant Leicester advanced to the Quarter-finals. The draw for the Champions League quarter-finals was held on 17 March 2017, and Leicester were drawn against the last season's runners-up – Atlético Madrid. The first leg was played on 12 April and City lost 0–1, following a controversial penalty, scored by Antoine Griezmann. The second leg, played on 18 April, finished 1–1. Saúl Ñíguez opened the scoring, but his goal was cancelled out by Jamie Vardy. This result subsequently saw Leicester exit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8624026", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Svenska Cupen\"\nand the draw for the second round was announced on 3 August 2017. The group stage was played on the last two weekends in February 2018, and the last group stage round was played on 3 and 4 March 2018. The following quarter-finals and semi-finals were played on the weekends of 10 March and 17 March 2018 respectively, before the tournament ended with the final on 10 May 2018. Times up to 28 October 2017 and from 25 March 2018 are CEST (). Times from 29 October 2017 to 24 March 2018 are CET (). Djurgårdens IF won their fifth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18960258", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 UEFA Champions League\"\n2018 UEFA club coefficients, and then drawn into two-legged home-and-away ties. The draw for the first qualifying round was held on 19 June 2018. The first leg matches were played on 10 and 11 July, and the second leg matches were played on 17 and 18 July 2018. The losers entered the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League second qualifying round, except for the losers of the Cork City/Legia Warsaw tie who were randomly drawn to receive a bye to the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League third qualifying round. The second qualifying round is split into two separate sections: Champions Path (for league", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18903840", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 Coppa Titano\"\ncannot be determined in regular time, extra time and then penalties will be used to determine a winner. The first legs of the first round were played on 23–24 October 2018, and the second legs were played on 6–7 November 2018. The draw for the first round was held on 30 August 2018. The first legs of the quarter–finals were played on 4–5 December 2018, and the second legs were played on 16 December 2018. The first legs of the semi–finals will be played on 12 April 2019, and the second legs will be played on 19 April 2019. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_253	when will the flash season 4 episode 17 come out?	n/a	[ "April 10, 2018", "April 17, 2018" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160163", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nThe Flash (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017, and ran for 23 episodes until May 22, 2018. The season follows a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who fights criminals, including others who have also gained superhuman abilities. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\". The season is produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros. Television, and DC Entertainment, with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160180", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nfrom Earth-X. \"\"Arrow\"\" actor David Ramsey appears as John Diggle, as well as DeVoe's Diggle disguise earlier in the twenty-second episode. The season began airing on October 10, 2017, on The CW in the United States, and on CTV in Canada. The season concluded on May 22, 2018. Sky One acquired the rights to air the season in the UK & Ireland, airing it alongside the other Arrowverse shows. The season premiered October 17. In July 2017, cast from the series appeared at San Diego Comic-Con International to promote the season, where exclusive footage was shown. During the panel, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160186", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nDoviak gave the finale a B+, praising the light tone and character moments, while adding that \"\"None of this can make up for the long stretches of mediocrity this year, but at least it doesn’t leave me with a bad taste in my mouth.\"\" General references The Flash (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017, and ran for 23 episodes until May 22, 2018. The season follows a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160178", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nblack market of metahuman supervillains. Filming for the season began on July 4, 2017, in Vancouver, British Columbia, and concluded on April 21, 2018. Kevin Smith returned to direct an episode in January 2018. In August 2017, series composer Blake Neely and Nathaniel Blume began to compose the music for the fourth season. In May 2017, The CW president Mark Pedowitz officially announced plans for a four-show Arrowverse crossover event, crossing over episodes of the television series \"\"Supergirl\"\", \"\"The Flash\"\", \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", and \"\"Arrow\"\". The crossover, \"\"Crisis on Earth-X\"\", began with \"\"Supergirl\"\" and a special airing of \"\"Arrow\"\" on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2399564", "chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nGustin and Benoist and that Gustin was able to \"\"reconnect with the character's endearing side.\"\" Von Doviak concluded, \"\"It's probably logistically untenable for them to ever be more than 'super friends,' but if this show ever needed the positive energy they generate together, now was certainly the time.\"\" Duet (The Flash) \"\"Duet\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which aired on March 21, 2017. The episode was written by Aaron Helbing and Todd Helbing from a story by Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg, and was directed by Dermott Daniel Downs. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160179", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nNovember 27, 2017, and concluded on \"\"The Flash\"\" and \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" on November 28. In August 2017, Berlanti noted that it would be \"\"a big life event for a few different people\"\" that would bring them all together for the crossover, adding \"\"There are many life events that happen.\"\" Prior to that, \"\"Arrow\"\" actress Emily Bett Rickards appears as Felicity Smoak in the fifth episode of the season. Following the crossover, Katie Cassidy (who has previously appeared on \"\"The Flash\"\" as both Laurel Lance and Black Siren) appears in the nineteenth episode as Siren-X, an alternate version of Laurel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160182", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nlatest.\"\" Collider's Allison Keene also noted Iris \"\"getting an actual storyline\"\" with Barry gone, and similarly presumed that he \"\"[would] be back in the fold by the end of the first episode\"\" alike to Flashpoint in the third season. She added, \"\"There are some new foes, lots of action, plenty of tech — it's great!\"\" The season was made available for streaming on Netflix in late May 2018, soon after the season finale aired. It will be released on Blu-ray on August 28, 2018. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 76% approval rating with an average rating of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160164", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nAndrew Kreisberg and Todd Helbing serving as showrunners. The season was ordered in January 2017, and filming began that July. Grant Gustin stars as Barry, with principal cast members Candice Patton, Danielle Panabaker, Carlos Valdes, Keiynan Lonsdale, Tom Cavanagh, and Jesse L. Martin also returning from previous seasons, and are joined by Neil Sandilands. <onlyinclude></onlyinclude> The series was renewed for a fourth season on January 8, 2017, earlier than usual for the series. Executive producer Andrew Kreisberg said on this, \"\"The great thing about our dear friends at The CW and Mark Pedowitz picking the shows up as early as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2399552", "chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nDuet (The Flash) \"\"Duet\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the third season of The CW television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which aired on March 21, 2017. The episode was written by Aaron Helbing and Todd Helbing from a story by Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg, and was directed by Dermott Daniel Downs. The episode features a musical crossover with \"\"Supergirl\"\" and reunites Grant Gustin and Melissa Benoist with their former \"\"Glee\"\" co-star Darren Criss, who portrays the Music Meister. Jesse L. Martin also reunites with Jeremy Jordan, with whom he previously worked in the 2012 musical film \"\"Joyful Noise\"\". The story", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10224715", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nseason also introduces Barry's \"\"Flash ring\"\" from the comics. The new suit adopts brighter colors than previous suits – which had maroon overtones – and, unlike prior incarnations, does not have a chin strap. Production for the season began on July 6, 2018, in Vancouver, British Columbia, and is set to conclude on April 10, 2019. Kevin Smith will direct an episode of the season. Danielle Panabaker will make her directorial debut this season. Tom Cavanagh directed the eighth episode of the season, which served as the 100th episode of the series and led into the annual crossover. Due to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8855446", "chunk_text": "\"Nora (The Flash episode)\"\nNora (The Flash episode) \"\"Nora\"\" is the first episode of the fifth season, and 93rd episode overall of the CW series \"\"The Flash\"\". The episode was written by Todd Helbing & Sam Chalsen and directed by David McWhirter. It first aired on The CW on October 9, 2018. This episode marks the first appearance of Jessica Parker Kennedy as Nora West-Allen as a main character after making numerous cameos last season. Team Flash meet Nora, Barry and Iris' daughter from the future. While Iris expresses excitement, Barry is concerned that she could alter the timeline based on his own mistakes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10241029", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 4)\"\npm Monday time-slot to the 9:00 pm time-slot, to serve as the lead-out to \"\"Arrow\"\". The season began airing in the United States on The CW on October 22, 2018. The main cast of the season as well as Phil Klemmer attended San Diego Comic-Con on July 21, 2018, to promote the season. On October 15, 2018, Routh released a mock political ad on his Twitter page, voiced by Zano. The ad jokingly claimed that \"\"Arrow\"\", \"\"The Flash\"\", and \"\"Supergirl\"\" were trying to keep attention away from \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", followed by many headlines as well as real and fake", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10224706", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nThe Flash (season 5) The fifth season of the American television series \"\"The Flash\"\", which is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash, premiered on The CW on October 9, 2018 and is set to consist of 22 episodes. The season follows Barry, a crime scene investigator with superhuman speed who fights criminals, including others who have also gained superhuman abilities, as he deals with the consequences of his future daughter's time traveling. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\". The season", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "553659", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 4)\"\nLegends of Tomorrow (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which is based on characters from DC Comics, premiered on The CW on October 22, 2018, and is set to consist of 16 episodes. The season follows the Legends, a dysfunctional team of time-traveling superheroes and anti-heroes, and their mission to recapture the magical fugitives that they accidentally released throughout time. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\" and \"\"The Flash\"\". The season is produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12137320", "chunk_text": "\"Static Shock\"\non January 30, 2018; and the fourth on April 13, 2018. Starting in September 2018, all episodes of the series have been made available on the DC Universe digital streaming service. \"\"Static Shock\"\"s episodes handle a variety of issues, including gangs, gun violence, homelessness, bullying, racism, mental illness, bigotry, and drugs. Other episodes also featured the subject of Chanukah and Christmas celebrations. The series was also marked by several crossover episodes with characters from the DC animated universe like Superman, Green Lantern, the Justice League, and the \"\"Batman Beyond\"\" cast. Several episodes also featured guest voice actors, including basketballers (like", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20963024", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 3)\"\n\"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" on November 28. The third season began airing on October 10, 2017 on The CW in the United States, and concluded on April 9, 2018. The season was made available for streaming on Netflix in late April 2018, soon after the season finale aired. It was released on Blu-Ray on September 25, 2018. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100% approval rating with an average rating of 8.27/10 based on 13 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"\"\"\"DC's Legends of Tomorrow\"\" lightens up the tone in its third season while spotlighting adventurous plots and a distinct", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2399562", "chunk_text": "\"Duet (The Flash)\"\nWaterTower Music containing the songs featured the episode. After beginning in the ending scene of the March 20, 2017 episode of \"\"Supergirl\"\", \"\"Duet\"\" aired in the United States on The CW on March 21, 2017. It was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV Two. In early March 2017, a promotional poster for the episode was released, with it being marketed as \"\"Dynamic Duet\"\", a play on words of the phrase \"\"dynamic duo\"\". In Australia, where \"\"The Flash\"\" and \"\"Supergirl\"\" both air on Fox8, the crossover was marketed as a two-night event called \"\"DC Musical Crossover\"\". Jesse Schedeen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11996281", "chunk_text": "\"Gotham (season 4)\"\nthird time they die [on \"\"Gotham\"\"]\"\" Filming for the season began on June 20, 2017, at Steiner Studios in Brooklyn, New York. In January 2018, it was announced that Ben McKenzie would direct an episode after making his directional debut the previous season. It was later revealed that he would be directing the 16th episode, titled \"\"One of My Three Soups\"\". Production on the season officially wrapped in late March 2018. The season was originally set to air on September 28, 2017, on Fox in the United States. However, on July 28, 2017, Fox decided to move up the premiere", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2907146", "chunk_text": "Arrowverse\nClay Griffith, which was released by Titan on March 28, 2017, which detailed Team Flash and Team Arrow working together to eliminate the bizarre energy that threatens to kill the Flash. When their quest leads them to Markovia, they must get past an army of mercenaries and assassins to face the mysterious Count Wallenstein. A fourth novel entitled \"\"Arrow: Fatal Legacies\"\" was released in January 2018. It is co-authored by \"\"Arrow\"\" executive producer Marc Guggenheim and James R. Tuck, and is set between the fifth-season finale and sixth-season premiere of \"\"Arrow\"\". A fifth novel, following \"\"The Flash\"\" villain Weather Wizard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11280014", "chunk_text": "\"Crisis on Earth-X\"\ntrailers for the event were released throughout November, before the full trailer was released on November 20. All four episodes and the behind-the-scenes featurette \"\"Inside the Crossover: Crisis on Earth-X\"\", were released on Blu-ray and DVD in Region 1 along with the rest of \"\"Arrow\"\"s sixth season on August 14, 2018, with \"\"The Flash\"\"s fourth season on August 23, with \"\"Supergirl\"\"s third season on September 18, and with \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\"s third season on September 25. The four episodes were released together on a separate DVD on September 3, 2018 in Region 2, and September 5 in Region 4. Unlike", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18102809", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 3)\"\nLegends of Tomorrow (season 3) The third season of the American television series \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which is based on characters from DC Comics, premiered on The CW on October 10, 2017 and ran for 18 episodes until April 9, 2018. The season follows the Legends, a dysfunctional team of time-traveling superheroes and anti-heroes, and their mission to correct anachronisms in time that they unintentionally caused. It is set in the Arrowverse, sharing continuity with the other television series of the universe, and is a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\" and \"\"The Flash\"\". The season is produced by Berlanti Productions, Warner Bros.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "537610", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\non July 21, 2018 to promote the season. Starting on September 14, 2018, several billboards advertising Ralph Dibny as a private investigator were seen around Vancouver, the city where the show is filmed. The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 93% approval rating for the fifth season with an average rating of 7.96/10, based on 132 reviews. The website's consensus reads, \"\"\"\"The Flash\"\"s fifth season maintains the show's high standard for compelling visuals, chilling villains, and well-scripted moments of humor, but also turns a more focused gaze on the role of family dynamics amongst the increasingly complex characters.\"\" Reviewing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8155557", "chunk_text": "\"Black Lightning (TV series)\"\nLightning\"\". In February 2017, Fox passed on the series, with it being picked up by The CW with a new script for the pilot. The CW officially ordered the series in May 2017. The first season premiered on January 16, 2018, for a 13-episode run. On April 2, 2018, The CW renewed the show for a second season, which premiered on October 9, 2018. High school principal Jefferson Pierce, who retired from his superhero persona Black Lightning nine years ago after seeing the effects it had on his family, is forced to become a vigilante again when the rise of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11996261", "chunk_text": "\"Gotham (season 4)\"\nstars as Gordon, alongside Donal Logue, David Mazouz, Morena Baccarin, Sean Pertwee, Robin Lord Taylor, Erin Richards, Camren Bicondova, Cory Michael Smith, Jessica Lucas, Chris Chalk, Drew Powell, Crystal Reed and Alexander Siddig. The fourth season premiered on September 21, 2017, on Fox, while the second half premiered on March 1, 2018. The season concluded on May 17, 2018. The season received positive reviews from critics and audiences, who cited the character development, writing and action sequences as highlights of the season, with some calling it the best season yet. The premiere was watched by 3.21 million viewers with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20151808", "chunk_text": "\"Self Control (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.)\"\neffects show glass taking the force of Johnson's abilities and shattering in a mirroring of the Mack LMD's head disintegration. CoSA VFX also did work on the episode, compositing the Johnson LMD shots together from the 21 individual takes, and creating a CG knife and blood for the scene where Simmons stabs and kills the Fitz LMD. \"\"Self Control\"\" was first aired in the United States on ABC on February 21, 2017. It began streaming on Netflix, along with the rest of the fourth season, on June 15, 2017. In the United States the episode received a 0.6/2 percent share", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16417100", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 5)\"\nMartin's back injury, the majority of his scenes were shot depicting Joe seated. In May 2018, \"\"Arrow\"\" star Stephen Amell announced at The CW upfronts that the next Arrowverse crossover would feature Batwoman and Gotham City. The crossover \"\"Elseworlds\"\" is slated to launch a 2019 solo series for the character. The season premiered on The CW in the United States on October 9, 2018. The annual crossover episode will swap time-slots with \"\"Supergirl\"\" for that week and will air on Sunday, December 9. The main cast of the season as well as executive producer Todd Helbing attended San Diego Comic-Con", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5962826", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (2014 TV series)\"\nin the history of The CW, after \"\"The Vampire Diaries\"\" in 2009. It has been well received by critics and audiences, and won the People's Choice Award for \"\"Favorite New TV Drama\"\" in 2014. The series, together with \"\"Arrow\"\", has spun characters out to their own show, \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which premiered on January 21, 2016. On April 2, 2018, The CW renewed the series for a fifth season, which premiered on October 9, 2018. In season one, after witnessing his mother's supernatural murder, Barry Allen is taken in by Detective Joe West and his family. Barry becomes a brilliant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10873650", "chunk_text": "Arrowverse\nto bring Peek-a-Boo back to the pipeline, but she locks him in the cell instead. Cisco is then seen being woken up due to a call from Barry. He believes he dreamt the whole experience, until he finds the bullet that shot him on the ground. On November 14, 2017, a three-episode series of shorts, known as \"\"Stretched Scenes\"\", premiered. The series, presented by Microsoft Surface, features Hartley Sawyer, Danielle Panabaker, and Candice Patton as Ralph Dibny, Cailtin Snow, and Iris West respectively. Set during the show's fourth season, it shows Dibny as he continually bothers Cailtin and Iris for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12672320", "chunk_text": "\"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 4)\"\nseries, updated to show what they would have looked like had the series taken place in the Framework reality. They also released faux propaganda posters highlighting Hydra's surveillance state within the Framework, and their focus on hunting Inhumans. The episode \"\"What If...\"\" was screened on April 1, 2017 at WonderCon, with members of the cast, including Dalton, and the show's executive producers promoting the series. The season began streaming on Netflix in the United States on June 15, 2017, and was released on Blu-ray and DVD in Region 2 on July 2, 2018 by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19359642", "chunk_text": "\"Let Me Stand Next to Your Fire\"\non October 18, 2016. Ahead of the episode's airing, Marvel released a teaser poster depicting Ghost Rider and his Hellcharger, with the pod's promotional title \"\"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.: Ghost Rider\"\". The poster was drawn by comic book artist Francesco Francavilla. Luna promoted the episode as Lola vs. Lucy, referring to the episode's car chase. The episode began streaming on Netflix, along with the rest of the fourth season, on June 15, 2017. In the United States the episode received a 0.7/3 percent share among adults between the ages of 18 and 49, meaning that it was seen by 0.7 percent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12843546", "chunk_text": "\"Pax Penguina\"\nwhere it's been robbed. He is then caught without the mask by the GCPD. Grady returns to Crane's house to get more toxin from Jonathan. However, he discovers Jonathan has adopted a new persona, naming himself \"\"The Scarecrow\"\" and sprays Grady with fear gas. The show was officially renewed by Fox for a fourth season on May 10, 2017. Just like the second and third seasons, the fourth season will also carry a new subtitle for the first half of the season: \"\"A Dark Knight\"\". In June 2017, John Stephens announced that the first episode of the season would be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11280010", "chunk_text": "\"Crisis on Earth-X\"\nQueller, \"\"Arrow\"\"s by Mericle and Ben Sokolowski, \"\"The Flash\"\"s by showrunner Todd Helbing, and \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\"s by showrunner Phil Klemmer and Keto Shimizu. Filming of the four episodes began on September 22, 2017. \"\"Supergirl\"\"s episode was directed by Larry Teng, \"\"Arrow\"\" by James Bamford, \"\"The Flash\"\"s by Dermott Downs, and \"\"Legend of Tomorrow\"\"s by Gregory Smith. Blake Neely, primary composer of all four series, composed the two-and-a-half-hour score for the crossover in eight days at The Bridge Recording Studio in Glendale, California. La-La Land Records released the soundtrack physically on June 5, 2018, in a limited run. WaterTower Music", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7360151", "chunk_text": "\"How to Get Away with Murder (season 4)\"\nHow to Get Away with Murder (season 4) The fourth season of the ABC American television drama series \"\"How to Get Away with Murder\"\" was ordered on February 10, 2017, by ABC. It began airing on September 28, 2017, with 15 episodes like the previous seasons and concluded on March 15, 2018. This was made in a deal with Viola Davis that the series would be a limited series with only 15 or 16 episodes per season. Annalise (Viola Davis) and the Keating Four are still dealing with the aftermath of Wes's (Alfred Enoch) death. Annalise works with a therapist,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19576874", "chunk_text": "\"What's Past Is Prologue (The Flash)\"\n\"\"Supergirl\"\" co-showrunner Robert Rovner added that the tease was only supposed to air with \"\"The Flash\"\"s eight episode, before being added to the other two episodes to make things easier for viewers since they \"\"are coming to [the crossover] from our separate shows and we wanted something that [connects them together].\"\" \"\"What's Past is Prologue\"\" was first aired in the United States on The CW on December 4, 2018. It became available for streaming on Netflix in Canada on December 6, 2018, while it was first aired in the United Kingdom on Sky One on December 6, as well. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13272246", "chunk_text": "\"Light the Wick\"\nLight the Wick \"\"Light the Wick\"\" is the eighteenth episode of the third season, and 62nd episode overall from the Fox series \"\"Gotham\"\". The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology. The episode was written by Tze Chun and directed by Mark Tonderai. It was first broadcast on May 15, 2017. In the episode, Gordon discovers more about the impending judgment planned for Gotham City by the Court of Owls. He learns they possess the Tetch virus and plan on unleashing a weaponized version of it over Gotham. Meanwhile, Lee finds", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11996282", "chunk_text": "\"Gotham (season 4)\"\nto September 21, 2017 in order to give its companion newcomer series \"\"The Orville\"\" a continuous run. The fourth season is moving to a Thursday timeslot, alongside \"\"The Orville\"\", after airing its past seasons on Mondays. In July 2017, the cast and crew attended San Diego Comic-Con to discuss and promote the season, showing a five-minute sizzle reel from season 3 as well as the debut trailer for the season. The second episode \"\"The Fear Reaper\"\" was screened on September 23, 2017, when Cannon, McKenzie, Taylor, Bicondova, Mazouz, Pertwee and Lucas promoted the series at the inaugural Tribeca TV Festival.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19576859", "chunk_text": "\"What's Past Is Prologue (The Flash)\"\n1990 television series in a pre-credits scene that ties-in with the Arrowverse crossover \"\"Elseworlds\"\". \"\"What's Past Is Prologue\"\" originally aired on The CW on December 4, 2018, and was watched by 1.78 million viewers according to Nielsen Media Research. The episode received a positive critical response. Barry Allen and Nora West-Allen time travel to gather items to stop Cicada; a highly magnetic alloy from Savitar's armor, dark matter, and Harry Wells' Speed Force transmitter to transfer dark matter into the armor piece. They first travel to Barry's final battle against Savitar. After a Time Wraith appears, Barry distracts it so", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11623688", "chunk_text": "\"Stop Hitting Yourself\"\nStop Hitting Yourself \"\"Stop Hitting Yourself\"\" is the eight episode of the fourth season and 74th episode overall from the Fox series \"\"Gotham\"\". The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology. The episode was written by consulting producer Charlie Huston on his writing debut and directed by Rob Bailey. It was first broadcast on November 9, 2017. In the episode, Gordon and Bullock's friendship is coming to a conclusion amidst the chaos following the previous episode's actions. Gordon is offered the position of Captain of the GCPD but he is hesitant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10241028", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 4)\"\nhis reason being his desire to seek other acting opportunities. This is the first season not to feature Arthur Darvill, who starred as Rip Hunter in the first two seasons, and recurred in the third season. It is also the first not to feature Victor Garber and Franz Drameh, who starred as Martin Stein and Jefferson Jackson respectively, in the previous seasons. Production for the season began on July 5, 2018, in Vancouver, and is expected to conclude on January 24, 2019. On June 20, The CW released its fall schedule, revealing that the series would move from the 8:00", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18248038", "chunk_text": "\"Mandatory Brunch Meeting\"\nMandatory Brunch Meeting \"\"Mandatory Brunch Meeting\"\" is the seventeenth episode of the fourth season and 83rd episode overall from the Fox series \"\"Gotham\"\". The show is itself based on the characters created by DC Comics set in the Batman mythology. The episode was written by co-executive producers Steven Lilien & Bryan Wynbrandt and directed by Maja Vrvilo. It was first broadcast on April 5, 2018. In the episode, Gordon and Bullock are on the trail of Jerome Valeska, who has assembled a legion of villains to wreak havoc in Gotham and is looking for Xander Wilde, an engineer with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12672317", "chunk_text": "\"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 4)\"\nnoted that the MCU film being released at that time is \"\"Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2\"\", which would be difficult to tie-in with as it is not set on Earth, and takes place earlier in the MCU continuity than the season is set. The season began airing in the United States on ABC on September 20, 2016, and completed its 22-episode run on May 16, 2017. Unlike the previous two seasons, which were split into \"\"two little mini-seasons\"\" based on their airing schedule, this season was broken into three different sections by the schedule. This led to the season's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18818425", "chunk_text": "\"Invasion! (Arrowverse)\"\na separate DVD on August 17, 2017 in Region 2 and September 20 in Region 4. The episodes are available for streaming on Netflix and The CW app in the United States. \"\"Invasion!\"\" gave the CW its most-watched week in six years. \"\"The Flash\"\" episode had a season-three-high viewership (the series' largest since December 9, 2014) and a season-three-high 18–49 rating, the highest since February 16, 2016. The episode improved 40 and 36 percent in viewership and the 18–49 rating, respectively, on the previous episode, \"\"Killer Frost\"\". It increased by five percent in total viewers and seven percent in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11521004", "chunk_text": "\"Black-ish (season 4)\"\nwere unable to resolve\"\". On March 10, 2018, it was officially announced that the network had no plans to air the episode. In the episode, Dre tries to read a bedtime story to Devante during a thunderstorm, but instead improvises a new story based on recent social and political issues in the United States. Black-ish (season 4) The fourth season of \"\"Black-ish\"\" aired from October 3, 2017 which concluded on May 15, 2018 on ABC in the United States. It is produced by Khalabo Ink Society, Cinema Gypsy Productions, Principato-Young Entertainment and ABC Studios, with creator Kenya Barris, who also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8160165", "chunk_text": "\"The Flash (season 4)\"\nthey did has allowed us to start building the schedules for next season.\"\" In May 2017, it was announced that Aaron Helbing would not return as an executive producer for season four, with only Greg Berlanti, Andrew Kreisberg, Sarah Schechter, and Todd Helbing returning from previous seasons. Todd Helbing and Kreisberg were slated to serve as the season's showrunners. In November 2017, Kreisberg was suspended from his role as executive producer and showrunner on \"\"The Flash\"\" over allegations of sexual harassment. By the end of the month, he had been fired, with his name eventually being removed from the credits", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7179374", "chunk_text": "\"Supergirl (season 4)\"\nthe next Arrowverse crossover would feature Batwoman and Gotham City. The crossover \"\"Elseworlds\"\" is slated to launch a 2019 solo series for the character. In May 2018, it was announced that \"\"Supergirl\"\", which had aired on Mondays since its debut, would move to Sundays for its fourth season due to The CW's programming expansion to Sunday nights. The season premiered on The CW in the United States on October 14, 2018. The annual crossover episode will swap time-slots with \"\"The Flash\"\" for that week and will air on Tuesday, December 11. The main cast of the season as well as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10241030", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of Tomorrow (season 4)\"\nquotes praising the series. The review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes reports a 94% approval rating for the fourth season, with an average rating of 8.08/10 based on 33 reviews. General references Legends of Tomorrow (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\", which is based on characters from DC Comics, premiered on The CW on October 22, 2018, and is set to consist of 16 episodes. The season follows the Legends, a dysfunctional team of time-traveling superheroes and anti-heroes, and their mission to recapture the magical fugitives that they accidentally released throughout time. It is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16750092", "chunk_text": "\"The Ultimate Fighter: Redemption\"\nIron Sharpens Iron (May 3, 2017) Episode 4: Piece of Us (May 10, 2017) Episode 5: A Brutal Business (May 17, 2017) Episode 6: Let Me Bang! (May 24, 2017) Episode 7: Dark Horse (May 31, 2017) Episode 8: Kryptonite (June 7, 2017) Episode 9: Killashaw (June 14, 2017) Episode 10: Time to Smash (June 21, 2017) Episode 11: Embrace the Snake (June 28, 2017) Episode 12: The Winner's Circle (July 5, 2017) The Ultimate Fighter: Redemption Finale (also known as The Ultimate Fighter 25 Finale) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship held on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17359838", "chunk_text": "\"MM 54 (Fear the Walking Dead)\"\nMM 54 (Fear the Walking Dead) \"\"MM 54\"\" is the fourteenth episode of the fourth season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series \"\"Fear the Walking Dead\"\", which aired on AMC on September 16, 2018 in the United States. In a flashback, the mysterious woman, Martha, is forced to kill her husband after he turns. After burying him, she begins to lose her mind, mumbling to herself. Martha begins to kill various survivors who are leaving the supply boxes at mile markers. In the present, Martha attacks the semi-truck with the SWAT guns. After running out of ammo, Martha flees in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8883228", "chunk_text": "\"Gorilla City (The Flash)\"\ntheir performances. Due to a prolonged snowfall in Vancouver, filming of the \"\"Gorilla City\"\" scenes had to be moved south of the original site. Visual effects for both episodes were handled by Encore Post. According to post-production producer Jeff Garrett, episodes with Grodd cost 50 percent more than other Flash episodes. The first part, \"\"Attack on Gorilla City\"\", aired on February 21, 2017, and concluded with part two, \"\"Attack on Central City\"\", on February 28, both on The CW. The event was simulcast with the US broadcast in Canada on CTV for the first part, after which the series moved", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9310644", "chunk_text": "\"Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. (season 4)\"\nwith the season then airing for 22 episodes on ABC, from September 20, 2016 until May 16, 2017. The premiere debuted to 3.58 million viewers, down from previous season premieres but average for the series. Critical response to the season was positive, with many feeling that each pod was better than the last and in particular praising the visual effects and tone of \"\"Ghost Rider\"\", the writing and acting for \"\"LMD\"\", and the character development and political commentary explored during \"\"Agents of Hydra\"\". The season saw series low viewership, but was still considered to have solved ABC's problem during its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_254	when was the last summer olympics in the usa?	n/a	[ "1996" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546850", "chunk_text": "\"Summer Olympic Games\"\nand once each in Sweden (1912), Belgium (1920), Netherlands (1928), Finland (1952), Italy (1960), Japan (1964), Mexico (1968), Canada (1976), Soviet Union (1980), South Korea (1988), Spain (1992), China (2008) and Brazil (2016). The IOC has selected Tokyo, Japan, to host the Summer Olympics for a second time in 2020. The 2024 Summer Olympics will be held in Paris, France, for a third time, exactly one hundred years after the city's last Summer Olympics in 1924. The IOC has also selected Los Angeles, California, to host its third Summer Games in 2028. To date, only five countries have participated in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10533683", "chunk_text": "\"United States Bicentennial\"\nthe 1976 Olympic Winter Games in 1970, but concern over costs led Colorado voters to reject a referendum to fund the games and the International Olympic Committee awarded the games to Innsbruck, Austria, the 1964 host. As a result, there was no Olympics in the United States in 1976 despite a last minute offer from Salt Lake City to host. However, Lake Placid would host the 1980 Winter Olympics, Los Angeles would eventually be awarded the 1984 summer games, and Salt Lake City would also eventually be awarded the 2002 Winter Olympics. As site of the Continental Congress and signing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546851", "chunk_text": "\"Summer Olympic Games\"\nevery Summer Olympic Games – Australia, France, Great Britain, Greece and Switzerland. The United States leads the all-time medal table for the Summer Olympics. The United States has hosted the Summer Olympic Games more times than any other nation: the 1904 Games were held in St. Louis, Missouri; the 1932 and 1984 Games were both held in Los Angeles, California; and the 1996 Games were held in Atlanta, Georgia. The 2028 Games in Los Angeles will mark the fifth occasion on which the Summer Games have been hosted by the U.S. In 2012, the United Kingdom hosted its third Summer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13459634", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the Olympics\"\nUnited States at the Olympics The United States of America has sent athletes to every celebration of the modern Olympic Games with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics, during which it led a boycott. The United States Olympic Committee (USOC) is the National Olympic Committee for the United States. From 1896 to 2018 inclusive, U.S. athletes have won a total of 2,522 medals (1,022 of them gold) at the Summer Olympic Games, more than any other nation, and another 305 at the Winter Olympic Games, the second most behind Norway. The United States has hosted the Games on eight", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14497447", "chunk_text": "\"Chicago bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics\"\nSummer Olympics (and fourth overall attempt, as Chicago won the 1904 Olympics, but they were moved to St Louis as the World's Fair was there and threatened to host a competing competition if the Olympics were not moved). Numerous Olympic Games in North America, including the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, hurt Chicago's bid. It would have been the ninth Olympics hosted in the United States, after the 1904, 1932, 1984 and 1996 Summer Olympics; and the 1932, 1960, 1980 and 2002 Winter Olympics. Initially, five American cities vied for the 2016 Olympics: Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6854020", "chunk_text": "\"2002 Winter Olympics\"\nthe last Olympics to be held in the United States until the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. These were the first Olympic Games under the IOC presidency of Jacques Rogge. The opening ceremony was held on February 8, 2002, and sporting competitions were held up until the closing ceremony on February 24, 2002. Production for both ceremonies was designed by Seven Nielsen, and music for both ceremonies was directed by Mark Watters. Salt Lake City became the most populous area ever to have hosted the Winter Olympics, although the two subsequent host cities' populations were larger. Following a trend,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546849", "chunk_text": "\"Summer Olympic Games\"\nfrom a 42-event competition with fewer than 250 male competitors from 14 nations in 1896, to 306 events with 11,238 competitors (6,179 men, 5,059 women) from 206 nations in 2016. The Summer Olympics has been hosted on five continents by a total of nineteen countries. The United States has hosted the Games four times (in 1904, 1932, 1984 and 1996); this is more times than any other nation. The Games have been held three times in the United Kingdom (in 1908, 1948 and 2012); twice each in Greece (1896, 2004), France (1900, 1924), Germany (1936, 1972) and Australia (1956, 2000);", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18583843", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the 2020 Summer Olympics\"\nUnited States at the 2020 Summer Olympics The United States, represented by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), is scheduled to compete at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo from 24 July to 9 August 2020. U.S. athletes have appeared in every Summer Olympics edition of the modern era, with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, which they boycotted. The U.S. women's basketball team qualified for the Olympics by winning the gold medal and securing an outright berth at the 2018 FIBA Women's World Cup in Spain. U.S. equestrians qualified a full squad each in the team", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5746438", "chunk_text": "\"Special Olympics\"\nOlympics World Games is a major event put on by the Special Olympics. The World Games alternate between summer and winter games, in two-year cycles, recurring every fourth year. The first games were held on July 20, 1968 in Chicago, Illinois, with about 1000 athletes from the U.S. and Canada. International participation expanded in subsequent games. In 2003, the first summer games held outside the United States were in Dublin, Ireland with 7000 athletes from 150 countries. The most recent World Summer Games were held in Los Angeles, California (The largest event in LA since the 1984 Olympic Games), from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13459637", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the Olympics\"\nbasis. As a result, the Olympics has shifted away from pure amateurism, as envisioned by Pierre de Coubertin, to allowing participation of professional athletes. United States at the Olympics The United States of America has sent athletes to every celebration of the modern Olympic Games with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics, during which it led a boycott. The United States Olympic Committee (USOC) is the National Olympic Committee for the United States. From 1896 to 2018 inclusive, U.S. athletes have won a total of 2,522 medals (1,022 of them gold) at the Summer Olympic Games, more than any", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3251568", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics\"\nUnited States at the 2016 Summer Olympics The United States, represented by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, from August 5 to 21, 2016. U.S. athletes have appeared in every Summer Olympics edition of the modern era, with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, which they boycotted. For the second consecutive time in the Summer Olympics, the United States was represented by more female than male athletes. The 2016 Olympics were the third most successful for the United States as far as the medal count (121) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13706722", "chunk_text": "\"2028 Summer Olympics\"\nAngeles had been selected as an Olympics host city without facing a competitive bidding process (Los Angeles being the only city to hold this distinction), following similar outcomes in 1932 and 1984. Los Angeles also submitted bids for the Summer Olympics in 1924, 1928, 1948, 1952, 1956, 1976 and 1980, but lost out to Paris, Amsterdam, London, Helsinki, Melbourne, Montreal and Moscow respectively. More recently, Los Angeles applied to be the U.S. candidate city for the 2016 Summer Olympics, but on that occasion Chicago was chosen as U.S. candidate by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC). While most host cities", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3679241", "chunk_text": "\"Sports in the United States\"\nSummer Games for both the overall medal count and the gold medal count and with Norway and Canada at the Winter Games for the overall medal count. The United States hosted both Summer and Winter Games in 1932, and has hosted more Games than any other country – eight times, four times each for the Summer and Winter Games: Los Angeles will host the Summer Olympics for a third time in 2028, marking the ninth time the U.S. hosts the Olympic Games. Motor sports are widely popular in the United States but Americans generally show little interest in the major", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12717246", "chunk_text": "\"Los Angeles Olympics\"\noutside of Athens, Greece. The International Olympic Committee considers them the tenth Olympic Games, discounting the intercalated 1906 Summer Olympics. The events took place between 30 July 1932 and 14 August 1932, with 37 nations participating in 117 events. The American team easily topped the unofficial medal count, finishing with three times as many medals as the second-place Italy. The 1984 Summer Olympics (the Games of the XXIII Olympiad) was helfd between July 28, 1984 and August 12, 1984. The games are affected by the Soviet-led boycott. The American team easily topped the official medal count, finishing with three times", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8144017", "chunk_text": "\"Los Angeles bid for the 2024 Summer Olympics\"\noriginally bid for the USOC's nomination in late 2014, when Boston was chosen over Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and San Francisco. This was the third United States summer bid since hosting the Centennial Olympic Games (1996) in Atlanta, previously losing in 2012 and 2016 to London and Rio de Janeiro. Los Angeles previously hosted the 1932 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics, and will become the third city – after London and Paris in 2024 – to host the Summer Games three times. Los Angeles will become the first American city to host the Olympic games since the 2002", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10798531", "chunk_text": "\"2028 Summer Olympics\"\n2028 Summer Olympics The 2028 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXXIV Olympiad, and commonly known as LA 2028, is a forthcoming international multi-sport event that is scheduled to take place from July 21 to August 6, 2028, in Los Angeles, California, United States. The process of bidding for the host city was originally scheduled to begin in 2019, with the winning bid due to be announced in 2021. However, following the withdrawal of a number of cities from the bidding process for both the 2022 Winter Olympics and the 2024 Summer Olympics, the International Olympic Committee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19489663", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics\"\nUnited States. Reagan was governor of the state from 1967 to 1975. It was not until the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City that an American president opened a Winter Olympics in the United States. The United States topped the medal count for the first time since 1968, winning a record 83 gold medals and surpassing the Soviet Union’s total of 80 golds at the 1980 Summer Olympics. Dan Gable Head Coach The United States returned to archery competition with a dominant men's team that earned the top two spots. Their women were not as successful against the newly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "297613", "chunk_text": "\"Bids for Olympic Games\"\nawarded to Tokyo on 7 September 2013, the 2022 Winter Olympics were awarded to Beijing on 31 July 2015, the 2024 Summer Olympics were awarded to Paris and the 2028 Summer Olympics were awarded to Los Angeles on 13 September 2017. In June 2001, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) signed an agreement that would ensure that the staging of the Paralympic Games is automatically included in the bid for the Olympic Games. The agreement came into effect at the 2008 Paralympic Summer Games in Beijing, and the 2010 Paralympic Winter Games in Vancouver. However,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3717599", "chunk_text": "\"United States\"\nOlympic Games have taken place in the United States (2028 Summer Olympics will mark the ninth time). , the United States has won 2,522 medals at the Summer Olympic Games, more than any other country, and 305 in the Winter Olympic Games, the second most behind Norway. While most major U.S. sports such as baseball and American football have evolved out of European practices, basketball, volleyball, skateboarding, and snowboarding are American inventions, some of which have become popular worldwide. Lacrosse and surfing arose from Native American and Native Hawaiian activities that predate Western contact. The most watched individual sports are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3822019", "chunk_text": "\"1984 Summer Olympics\"\nRevolution and a change in the country's ruling system. Hence, the selection process for the 1984 Summer Olympics consisted of a single finalized bid from Los Angeles, which the International Olympic Committee (IOC) accepted. The selection was officially made at the 80th IOC Session in Athens on 18 May 1978. Los Angeles had unsuccessfully bid for the two previous Summer Olympics, for 1976 and 1980. The United States Olympic Committee (USOC) had submitted at least one bid for every Olympics since 1944, but had not succeeded since the Los Angeles Olympics in 1932, the previous time only a single bid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13472642", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the 2012 Summer Olympics\"\nUnited States at the 2012 Summer Olympics The United States of America, represented by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, from July 27 to August 12, 2012. U.S. athletes have competed at every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era, except the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow which they boycotted. The USOC sent a total of 530 athletes to the Games, 262 men and 268 women, to compete in 25 sports. For the first time in its Olympic history, the United States was represented by more female than male athletes. U.S. athletes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7633522", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics\"\nmen's freestyle 65 kg at the final meet in Istanbul, had been awarded a final Olympic spot on the U.S. wrestling team after an original qualifier has been sanctioned for doping. United States at the 2016 Summer Olympics The United States, represented by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, from August 5 to 21, 2016. U.S. athletes have appeared in every Summer Olympics edition of the modern era, with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, which they boycotted. For the second consecutive time in the Summer Olympics,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10617770", "chunk_text": "\"Winter Olympic Games\"\nwell as Summer) Games to proclaim the superiority of their political systems. The Winter Olympics has been hosted on three continents by twelve different countries. The Games have been held four times in the United States (in 1932, 1960, 1980 and 2002); three times in France (in 1924, 1968 and 1992); and twice each in Austria (1964, 1976), Canada (1988, 2010), Japan (1972, 1998), Italy (1956, 2006), Norway (1952, 1994), and Switzerland (1928, 1948). Also, the Games have been held just once each in Germany (1936), Yugoslavia (1984), Russia (2014) and South Korea (2018). The IOC has selected Beijing, China,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9655162", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the 2002 Winter Olympics\"\nto semifinals. United States at the 2002 Winter Olympics The United States was the host nation for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah. These Games were by far the best home Winter Games for the United States, earning 34 total medals, nearly triple their best previous hauls at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California, and the 1932 Winter Olympics and 1980 Winter Olympics, both in Lake Placid, New York and the most a host country has won at a single Winter Olympics. The United States also tied Norway at the 1994 Winter Olympics for most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13864586", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the 2002 Winter Olympics\"\nUnited States at the 2002 Winter Olympics The United States was the host nation for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah. These Games were by far the best home Winter Games for the United States, earning 34 total medals, nearly triple their best previous hauls at the 1960 Winter Olympics in Squaw Valley, California, and the 1932 Winter Olympics and 1980 Winter Olympics, both in Lake Placid, New York and the most a host country has won at a single Winter Olympics. The United States also tied Norway at the 1994 Winter Olympics for most gold medals", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17321588", "chunk_text": "\"1996 Summer Olympics\"\n1996 Summer Olympics The 1996 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXVI Olympiad, commonly known as Atlanta 1996, and also referred to as the Centennial Olympic Games, were an international multi-sport event that was held from July 19 to August 4, 1996, in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. These Games, which were the fourth Summer Olympics to be hosted by the United States, marked the centenary of the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens—the inaugural edition of the modern Olympic Games. They were also the first since 1924 to be held in a different year from a Winter Olympics,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13706732", "chunk_text": "\"2028 Summer Olympics\"\nThe NBC Universal Studio Lot is planned to be the site of the International Broadcast Centre for the Games. 2028 Summer Olympics The 2028 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXXIV Olympiad, and commonly known as LA 2028, is a forthcoming international multi-sport event that is scheduled to take place from July 21 to August 6, 2028, in Los Angeles, California, United States. The process of bidding for the host city was originally scheduled to begin in 2019, with the winning bid due to be announced in 2021. However, following the withdrawal of a number of cities", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2534640", "chunk_text": "\"Olympic Games\"\nto promote youth sports in Southern California, educate coaches and maintain a sports library. The 1984 Summer Olympics are often considered the most financially successful modern Olympics. Budget overruns are common for the Games. Average overrun for Games since 1960 is 156% in real terms, which means that actual costs turned out to be on average 2.56 times the budget that was estimated at the time of winning the bid to host the Games. Montreal 1976 had the highest cost overrun for Summer Games, and for any Games, at 720%; Lake Placid 1980 had the highest cost overrun for Winter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5322402", "chunk_text": "\"1984 Summer Olympics\"\n1984 Summer Olympics The 1984 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXIII Olympiad, was an international multi-sport event that was held from July 28 to August 12, 1984, in Los Angeles, California, United States. This was the second time that Los Angeles had hosted the Games, the first being in 1932. California was the home state of the incumbent U.S. President Ronald Reagan, who officially opened the Games. The logo for the 1984 Games, branded \"\"Stars in Motion\"\", featured red, white and blue stars arranged horizontally and struck through with alternating streaks. The official mascot of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1707967", "chunk_text": "Olympiad\nat the opening of the Olympic Summer Games and ending at the opening of the next. The Olympiads are numbered consecutively from the first Games of the Olympiad celebrated in Athens in 1896. The XXXI Olympiad (i.e. 31st) began on August 5, 2016 and will end on July 24, 2020. The Summer Olympics are more correctly referred to as the Games of the Olympiad. The first poster to announce the games using this term was the one for the 1932 Summer Olympics, in Los Angeles, using the phrase: \"\"Call to the games of the Xth Olympiad\"\" Note, however, that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15944999", "chunk_text": "\"Summer Olympic Games\"\nthe 2020 Summer Olympics, when it will become the first city outside the Western world to have hosted the Summer Olympics more than once, having already hosted the Games in 1964. The other countries that have hosted the Summer Olympics are Belgium, Brazil, China, Canada, Finland, Italy, Mexico, Netherlands, South Korea, Spain, Soviet Union, and Sweden; each of these countries has hosted the Summer Games on just one occasion. Asia has hosted the Summer Olympics three times, in Tokyo, Japan (1964), Seoul, South Korea (1988), and Beijing, China (2008); Asia will host the Games for a fourth time in 2020", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546889", "chunk_text": "\"Summer Olympic Games\"\nfederal government; the country's economic crisis; health and safety concerns surrounding the Zika virus and significant pollution in the Guanabara Bay; and a state-sponsored doping scandal involving Russia, which affected the participation of its athletes in the Games. Tokyo, Japan will host the 2020 Summer Olympics, making it the first Asian city to host the Olympic Games twice. Forty-two sports, spanning 55 disciplines, have been part of the Olympic program at one point or another. Twenty-eight sports have comprised the schedule for three of the recent games, 2000, 2004, and 2008 Summer Olympics. Due to the removal of baseball and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16022781", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the 2008 Summer Olympics\"\nUnited States at the 2008 Summer Olympics The United States, represented by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC), competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China. U.S. athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era, except the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow, which was boycotted by the US team and many others. The USOC sent a total of 588 athletes to Beijing (310 men and 286 women), and competed in all Olympic sports except handball. The USOC selected San Jose State University in San Jose, California, as the primary processing center for all Team USA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11523066", "chunk_text": "\"Los Angeles Olympics\"\nLos Angeles Olympics Los Angeles hosted the Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and will host again in 2028. The 2028 Summer Olympics made Los Angeles the third city to have hosted the modern Games of three Olympiads. Los Angeles is the only city in the United States to have ever hosted the Olympics three times. American participation in Olympic events, both as a competitor and as a host, is the responsibility of the United States Olympic Committee. The 1932 Summer Olympics (the Games of the X Olympiad) were the eleventh modern Olympic Games and the eighth to be hosted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9541045", "chunk_text": "\"2020 Summer Olympics\"\n2020 Summer Olympics The 2020 Summer Olympics, officially known as the and commonly known as Tokyo 2020, is a forthcoming international multi-sport event that is scheduled to take place from 24 July to 9 August 2020. Tokyo was selected as the host city during the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires on 7 September 2013. These Games will mark the return of the Summer Olympics to Tokyo for the first time since 1964, and the fourth Olympics overall to be held in Japan, following the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo and the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano. They will be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10798533", "chunk_text": "\"2028 Summer Olympics\"\ncorporate money. This is the third time that Los Angeles will have hosted the Summer Olympics, making it the third city after London (1908, 1948, and 2012) and Paris (1900, 1924, and 2024) to host the Games three times and the first American city to do so. These will be the fifth Summer Olympic Games to be hosted in the United States, the previous four occasions being St. Louis 1904, Los Angeles 1932, Los Angeles 1984, and Atlanta 1996. These will be the ninth Olympics to be held in the U.S. (taking both summer and winter Games into account; the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17263159", "chunk_text": "\"United States Olympic Committee\"\nThe USOC moved its headquarters from New York City to Colorado Springs on July 1, 1978. Thanks to the generous support of the City of Colorado Springs and its residents, the USOC headquarters moved to its present location in downtown Colorado Springs in April 2010, while the previous site – located just 2 miles (3 km) away – remains a U.S. Olympic Training Center. In October 2007, the ARCO Training Center in Chula Vista, California (see below) was closed temporarily due to the Harris Fire, one of many that ravaged southern California. After convening in 2010 the Working Group for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4890348", "chunk_text": "\"Olympic Games\"\nof hosting three Olympic Games, all Summer, more than any other city. The other nations hosting the Summer Games twice are Germany, Australia, France and Greece. The other cities hosting the Summer Games twice are Los Angeles, Paris and Athens. With the 2020 Summer Olympic Games, Japan and Tokyo, respectively, will hold these statuses. In addition to the United States, nations hosting multiple Winter Games are France with three, while Switzerland, Austria, Norway, Japan, Canada and Italy have hosted twice. Among host cities, Lake Placid, Innsbruck and St. Moritz have played host to the Winter Olympic Games more than once,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11546848", "chunk_text": "\"Summer Olympic Games\"\nSummer Olympic Games The Summer Olympic Games () or the Games of the Olympiad, first held in 1896, is a quadrennial international multi-sport event. The most recent Olympics were held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) organises the Games and oversees the host city's preparations. In each Olympic event, gold medals are awarded for first place, silver medals are awarded for second place, and bronze medals are awarded for third place; this tradition began in 1904. The Winter Olympic Games were created due to the success of the Summer Olympics. The Olympics have increased in scope", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10459575", "chunk_text": "\"Olympic Games\"\nliberation attempt. A German police officer and five terrorists also perished. Following the selection of Barcelona, Spain to host the 1992 Summer Olympics, the separatist ETA terrorist organisation launched attacks in the region, including the 1991 Vic bombing that killed ten people in a town that would also hold events. Terrorism affected the last two Olympic Games held in the United States. During the Summer Olympics in 1996 in Atlanta, Georgia, a bomb was detonated at the Centennial Olympic Park, which killed two and injured 111 others. The bomb was set by Eric Rudolph, an American domestic terrorist, who is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17035626", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential nominating convention\"\nin July, the last Summer Olympics to date to be played in the U.S. In 2000, both conventions preceded the Sydney Olympics in late September. In 2008 and 2012, the Democratic and Republican conventions were moved to back-to-back weeks following the conclusion of the Olympics. One reason for these late conventions had to do with campaign finance laws, which allow the candidates to spend an unlimited amount of money before the convention, but forbid fundraising after the convention, in order for the parties to receive federal campaign funds. However, if Barack Obama's choice not to receive federal campaign funds for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4890284", "chunk_text": "\"Olympic Games\"\nthe 1968 Mexico City Games was 600 million, whereas at the Los Angeles Games of 1984, the audience numbers had increased to 900 million; that number swelled to 3.5 billion by the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. However, at the 2000 Summer Games in Sydney, NBC drew the lowest U.S. ratings for any Summer or Winter Olympics since 1968. This was attributed to two factors: one was the increased competition from cable channels, the second was the internet, which was able to display results and video in real time. Television companies were still relying on tape-delayed content, which was becoming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13706720", "chunk_text": "\"2028 Summer Olympics\"\nto approve the bid. On September 11, 2017, Los Angeles received formal approval to host the 2028 Games from the IOC's evaluation commission. On September 13, 2017, Los Angeles was formally awarded the 2028 Games following a unanimous vote by the IOC. On October 16, 2017, Los Angeles 2028 received official support from the state of California. On August 29, 2018, Olympic officials arrived for a two-day visit that included meetings with local organizers and a tour of the city's newest venues. On October 9, 2018, a grassroots movement called NOlympics LA released poll results stating that 45% of respondents", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20970037", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics\"\nUnited States at the 1984 Summer Olympics The United States was the host nation of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. It was the nineteenth time that \"\"Team USA\"\" participated, having boycotted the 1980 Summer Olympics. 522 competitors, 339 men and 183 women, took part in 217 events in 25 sports. These Olympic Games were unique for the United States in that the host state was California, the home state of the country's president, Ronald Reagan, who himself opened the Games, becoming the first American president to open a Summer Olympics, and also any Olympic games in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4614592", "chunk_text": "\"Chicago bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics\"\nat Washington, D.C.'s Embassy Row Hotel, where the two remaining bid cities, Chicago and Los Angeles, made a last 40-minute presentation to the USOC board members. At about 21:00 UTC, Chicago was announced as the winner of the United States bid for the 2016 Olympic Games by Ueberroth. Chicago has had prior experience with Olympic bids. In 1901, the city was unanimously chosen by the IOC to stage the 1904 Summer Olympics, but the Games were moved to St. Louis to coincide with the 1904 World's Fair. Chicago also bid for the 1952 and 1956 Summer Olympics, without success. Mayor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "297612", "chunk_text": "\"Bids for Olympic Games\"\nthe Summer and Winter Olympics. 50 cities (including repeats) have been chosen to host the Olympics since their \"\"rebirth\"\"; two in Eastern Europe, five in East Asia, one in South America, two in Oceania and the remainder in Western Europe and North America. No Central American, African, Central Asian, Middle Eastern, South Asian, or Southeast Asian city has ever been chosen to host an Olympics. The decision is made at an IOC Session seven years and eleven years to the games; for example, the 2018 Winter Olympics were awarded to Pyeongchang on 6 July 2011, the 2020 Summer Olympics were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18314846", "chunk_text": "\"Special Olympics World Games\"\nare matched up according to their ability and age. This “divisioning” process is an effort to make every competition fair, competitive and exciting for athletes as well as fans. The first International Special Olympics Summer Games were held in Chicago, Illinois, US, in 1968, while the first International Special Olympics Winter Games were held in February 1977 in Steamboat Springs, Colorado, US. In 1991, the name was officially changed from International Special Olympics Summer/Winter Games to Special Olympics World Summer/Winter Games. In 2011, Special Olympics World Summer Games were held on June 25 – July 4 in Athens, Greece, involving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13274492", "chunk_text": "\"Olympic Games\"\ncurrently serving a life sentence for the bombing. The 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah, took place just five months after the September 11 attacks, which meant a higher level of security than ever before provided for an Olympic Games. The opening ceremonies of the Games featured symbols of the day's events. They included the flag that flew at Ground Zero, NYPD officer Daniel Rodríguez singing \"\"God Bless America\"\", and honour guards of NYPD and FDNY members. The events of that day have made security at the Olympic Games an increasing concern for Olympic planners. The Olympic Games", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8936438", "chunk_text": "\"Chicago bid for the 2016 Summer Olympics\"\nconsidered a favorite entering the voting process, and despite personal appeals from such high-profile Chicagoans as U.S. President Barack Obama, Michelle Obama, and Oprah Winfrey, Chicago was eliminated on the first ballot in IOC voting on October 2, 2009, with 18 votes in a three-round exhaustive ballot of the IOC. The United States Olympic Committee (USOC) selected Chicago over Houston, Los Angeles, Philadelphia and San Francisco as its candidate city to host the 2016 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Paralympics on April 14, 2007. This is the city's third failure, after two failed attempts for the 1952 and the 1956", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19377987", "chunk_text": "\"United States at the Paralympics\"\nUnited States at the Paralympics The United States (USA) has participated in every Summer and Winter Paralympic Games. The United States is first on the all-time Paralympic Games medal table. The United States was the co-host of the 1984 Summer Paralympics in Stoke Mandeville and New York. It also hosted the 1996 Summer Paralympics in Atlanta and the 2002 Winter Paralympics in Salt Lake City. Athletes who have won at least three gold medals or five medals at the Summer Paralympics. Bold athletes are athletes who are still active. This is a list of athletes who have won at least", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_255	who is the head a in pretty little liars?	n/a	[ "CeCe Drake" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12083648", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\nPretty Little Liars Pretty Little Liars is an American teen drama mystery thriller television series developed by I. Marlene King and is loosely based on the novel series of the same name written by Sara Shepard. The series follows the lives of four girls whose clique falls apart after the disappearance of their leader. One year later, the estranged friends are reunited as they begin receiving messages from a mysterious figure named \"\"A\"\" who threatens to expose their deepest secrets. The series features an ensemble cast, headed by Troian Bellisario as Spencer Hastings, Lucy Hale as Aria Montgomery, Ashley Benson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9814", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 3)\"\nelusive \"\"A\"\" that had been creatively and relentlessly tormenting the four main characters, Aria Montgomery (Lucy Hale), Spencer Hastings (Troian Bellisario), Hanna Marin (Ashley Benson), and Emily Fields (Shay Mitchell) for the past year. The first half of the season addresses the issue of whether or not Garrett Reynolds (Yani Gellman) actually killed or was involved in the murder of the girls' former friend and queen bee, Alison DiLaurentis (Sasha Pieterse) and who killed Maya St. Germain (Bianca Lawson) in the season two finale, while the second half deals with the reveal that Toby Cavanaugh is a member of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7718870", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (book series)\"\nshe eventually turned into and befriended the Liars up until the night of her infamous disappearance when she was killed and buried by the real Alison DiLaurentis and her accomplice Nick Maxwell. A: A is the main antagonist of the series, being, for the most part, an anonymous character who relentlessly torments many characters, in particular the Liars. Mona Vanderwaal, Alison DiLaurentis and Nick Maxwell are discovered to be A. Mona became A due to Alison and the Liars being responsible for The Jenna Thing, which burned her too. However, she is killed when Spencer pushes her off a cliff", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017132", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nMaxwell, Alison's boyfriend when she was hospitalized. Nick was caught by the police when he and Alison planned to kill the Liars via poisoning. However, months later, the Liars visit Nick in the prison in order to discover some clues about Alison's whereabouts, and he gives them some information. Original A was the first \"\"A\"\" and revealed to be Mona Vanderwaal. Mona began torturing Alison by sending her gifts, threats and soon attacking her while wearing a zombie costume. \"\"A\"\" continued to mess with Ali and her mother Jessica DiLaurentis, whom she believed it to be Spencer Hastings. After Alison's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20849558", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nhas been Mona Vanderwaal, the original leader and founder, CeCe Drake, the second leader, and Alex Drake, the final leader. Alex's team is also referred to as the \"\"A.D.-Team\"\". Sara was the right-hand woman to Charlotte and also revealed as an A-Team member halfway throughout the sixth season. Sara is revealed as a Red Coat and the Black Widow, hired to pose as a decoy whenever Charlotte couldn't sport the Red Coat disguise. She then became Charlotte's friend and ally in the \"\"A\"\" game and assisted her in most of her schemes. Sara was allegedly diagnosed with Stockholm Syndrome following", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12083652", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\nAlison DiLaurentis, Aria Montgomery, Hanna Marin and Emily Fields, whose clique falls apart after the leader of the group, Alison, goes missing. One year later, the remaining estranged friends are reunited as they begin receiving messages from a mysterious villain named \"\"A\"\" and later from \"\"A.D.\"\", who threatens and tortures them for the mistakes they have made before and after Alison's death. At first, they think it is Alison herself, but after her body is found, the girls come to a realization that it is someone else who is sending threatening messages to them. Originally developed as a television series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20849547", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nseries, being the \"\"winner\"\" of the game. Big A was the person who took over the \"\"A\"\" game from Mona Vanderwaal after she was admitted to Radley Sanitarium and revealed to be CeCe Drake (A.K.A. Charlotte DiLaurentis or Charles Dilaurentis). She had visited Mona in Radley and used her to get information about the Liars before taking over the game herself and had used the A-Team, which consisted of her ally Sara, Jenna, Noel, Wren, Wilde, Mona, Toby, Lucas, Melissa, and Spencer, to do her dirty work and sometimes went under the Red Coat disguise. Big A often hid out", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20849551", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nsaying that she is transgender, was formerly known as Charles DiLaurentis, and became 'A' because the Liars were happy that Alison was gone. She worked with Sara Harvey, who was the Black Widow and a decoy Red Coat, and was also responsible for the \"\"death\"\" of Alison and the death of Wilden, and after telling her story, she attempts suicide by jumping off Radley but is stopped. She is admitted to Welby State and her reign as \"\"A\"\" finally ends and stays in the psychiatric hospital for five years. When she is released, Charlotte is murdered by Mona Vanderwaal and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20221002", "chunk_text": "\"Spencer Hastings\"\nSpencer Hastings Spencer Hastings is a fictional character, one of the five main characters who appeared in the \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" novels and its television adaptation. Created by American author Sara Shepard, she is member of the group known as the Liars, and is best friend to the four other members, who are also protagonists. The character was developed for television by the series' showrunner I. Marlene King, and appeared in each of the show’s 160 episodes during its seven-years-long run, from its premiere on June 8, 2010 to its finale on June 27, 2017. Spencer is known in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017177", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nAlmost every single \"\"A\"\" has worn the signature black hoodie, including Mona, Charlotte, Toby, Spencer, Lucas, Sydney, Aria, Wren, and Alex. A (Pretty Little Liars) \"\"A\"\" is a fictional character created in 2006 by author Sara Shepard. It is a character of both \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\"' books and television series, and primarily appears as a stalker and the main antagonist of the stories. \"\"A\"\" is one of the main characters of the stories, appearing anonymously in the majority of the episodes and books. The villain has already had many portrayals. Its basic occupation is to pursue and threaten the four", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20220981", "chunk_text": "\"Hanna Marin\"\nHanna Marin Hanna Olivia Rivers (née Marin) is a fictional character created by Sara Shepard for the \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" book series, and later developed for the Freeform television series adaptation by I. Marlene King and portrayed by Ashley Benson. The character has also appeared in the spin-off series \"\"Ravenswood\"\". Hanna is one of the four protagonists of the franchise, and the stories depicts her life with her friends while they receive messages in form of threats from an omnipresent anonymous person, nicknamed as \"\"A\"\". In both books and television, Hanna is shown as a former overweight shiny girl who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017112", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nA (Pretty Little Liars) \"\"A\"\" is a fictional character created in 2006 by author Sara Shepard. It is a character of both \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\"' books and television series, and primarily appears as a stalker and the main antagonist of the stories. \"\"A\"\" is one of the main characters of the stories, appearing anonymously in the majority of the episodes and books. The villain has already had many portrayals. Its basic occupation is to pursue and threaten the four protagonists of the stories. Thus, many identities have been revealed to be \"\"A\"\". \"\"A\"\" has a specific and unhealthy way of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3267735", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\ndown the new 'A'. Troian Bellisario played Spencer Hastings, who has relationship problems with Caleb, while Ashley Benson played Hanna Marin, who was kidnapped at the end of last season. Lucy Hale continued her role as Aria Montgomery as she is set in a love triangle with Ezra and her boyfriend Liam. Shay Mitchell portrayed Emily Fields who begins to rekindle her relationship with Alison. Sasha Pieterse continued to portray Alison DiLaurentis as Alison struggles with being in a psych-ward. Janel Parrish returned as Mona Vanderwaal who seems to be finally on their side. Tyler Blackburn continues to play Caleb", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7718867", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (book series)\"\nand facing many dangerous obstacles and twists as they do so. The series has many characters, most of them recurring. The main characters are: Spencer Hastings: Spencer is a headstrong, intelligent, overachieving girl who comes from the wealthy Hastings family. Aria Montgomery: Aria is a quirky and artsy girl who, at the beginning of the books, is trying to find herself. Emily Fields: Emily is considered the jock of the group, being a physical, loyal girl who struggles with her sexuality. Alison DiLaurentis: Alison is the former \"\"Queen Bee\"\" of her clique, consisting of Spencer, Hanna, Aria and Emily. She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9469663", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 1)\"\nas Hanna Marin and Shay Mitchell as Emily Fields, as well as the addition of Laura Leighton as Ashley Marin, Alexis Denisof as Byron Montgomery, Bianca Lawson as Maya, as well as Jean Louisa Kelly and Nia Peeples. \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" also noted that Torrey DeVitto and Sasha Pieterse landed recurring roles in the pilot. The Alloy website later confirmed that Pieterse would be playing Alison DiLaurentis and DeVitto would be Melissa Hastings, also noting Janel Parrish as Mona Vanderwaal and Cody Allen Christian, as Mike Montgomery. In April 2010, Chad Lowe replaced Alexis Denisof as Aria's father, Byron Montgomery.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8698064", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars: The Perfectionists\"\nand the second spin-off series following \"\"Ravenswood\"\". On September 25, 2017, it was announced that Sasha Pieterse and Janel Parrish had been cast to reprise their roles from mother series \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" as Alison DiLaurentis and Mona Vanderwaal, respectively. On January 29, 2018, it was announced that Sofia Carson had been cast in the role of Ava, one of the series' protagonists. On March 9 several cast members were announced with \"\"Deadline Hollywood\"\" announcing that Kelly Rutherford best known for CW's \"\"Gossip Girl\"\" will be playing Claire Hotchkiss. Furthermore, it was announced that Sydney Park best known for her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20221052", "chunk_text": "\"Alison DiLaurentis\"\nAlison DiLaurentis Alison DiLaurentis is a fictional character on Freeform's \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\", a television series which is based on a book series of the same name written by American author Sara Shepard. In the beginning of both the books and the television series, Alison is a central character who is shown mostly in flashbacks. The narrative is set when Alison mysteriously disappears and leaves the suburb of Rosewood shocked. Due to her position as a queen bee of Rosewood's social scene, Alison's actions and relations were constantly under scrutiny from the town's citizens. Sasha Pieterse, who portrays Alison on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017115", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nfocuses on the mystery of \"\"A\"\". However, \"\"Big A\"\" also sported different disguises, including that of Red Coat, while their ally disguised themselves as The Black Widow, while also donning the Red Coat identity on certain occasions. Uber A also dressed up as several disguises, including those of a gardener, a maid and a surgeon. They later costume themselves with the traditional look. One year after the disappearance of Alison DiLaurentis, her four friends, Aria Montgomery, Spencer Hastings, Emily Fields, and Hanna Marin, each receive messages from someone calling themselves \"\"A.\"\" The girls had drifted apart over the year, so", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19912943", "chunk_text": "\"Mona Vanderwaal\"\nMona Vanderwaal Mona Vanderwaal is a fictional character and main antagonist in the \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" book series by Sara Shepard and its Freeform television series adaptation. In the TV series, she is portrayed by Janel Parrish. In 2019, Parrish will reprise her role as Mona in a sequel television series titled \"\"\"\", which is based on a book \"\"The Perfectionists\"\" written by Shepard. Introduced as Hanna Marin's best friend, Mona initially harbors a grudge against the protagonists, using her intelligence and resources to torment them anonymously. In the third season of the TV series, Mona gains a partner who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017119", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nhas been putting the cream. She ends up in the hospital and might not be able to swim again. A knew that there was a very good chance Hanna would regain her memory. Hanna's best friend, Mona Vanderwaal, informs the girls that she has also received texts from A, drawing the five closer together in trying to figure out who their tormentor is. Mona subtly encourages Spencer's fears that her sister, Melissa, might be A as well as Alison's killer. During Hanna's recovery masquerade celebration, she suddenly regains her memory, revealing that Mona is A. However, she, Emily, and Aria", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017113", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\ndealing with the protagonists; it often calls them as \"\"bitches\"\", \"\"dolls\"\" and \"\"liars\"\". Its handling and acts of terrorism caused great psychological and emotional damage to the protagonists, even leading them to be hospitalized. After the revelation of Mona Vanderwaal as the first and original \"\"A\"\", she began receiving visits from someone, known as Red Coat, who offered her a partnership and together they built up the \"\"A-Team\"\". The team had many members but disbanded after the season three finale and Big A began working with a single ally. The identity of the second \"\"A\"\", Red Coat, and the leader", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20849553", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nreturned to her in London and the next time she saw her was when she visited her grave. Uber A, also known as A.D., is the third person to take over the identity of \"\"A\"\". In the show's series finale, Uber A's identity is revealed to be Alex Drake, Spencer's twin sister who was put up for adoption at birth. She desperately craves vengeance over the tragic passing of Charlotte DiLaurentis, who was her half-sister, and is trying to seek out the person responsible. Unlike Mona or Charlotte, Alex does not use any nicknames at first but instead signs their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19912952", "chunk_text": "\"Mona Vanderwaal\"\nit over to the police, protecting Mona because they were still best friends. Mona came to be \"\"A\"\" when she found Alison's diary when the St. Germain's moved into the DiLaurentis' old house and threw away Alison's old possessions. It is unclear if she knew about the twins or not when she was \"\"A\"\". In 2010, \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" was adapted into a television series. Janel Parrish initially auditioned for the role of Spencer Hastings, which went to Troian Bellisario. \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" later revealed that Parrish had won the role of Mona Vanderwaal. In March 2012, she was promoted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11056171", "chunk_text": "\"Till Death Do Us Part (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nfind peace of mind and discover the identity of their tormentor. Alison DiLaurentis (Sasha Pieterse) and Emily Fields (Shay Mitchell) are both working at Rosewood High and living a family life together. Ezra Fitz (Ian Harding) and Aria Montgomery (Lucy Hale) finally married, Hanna Marin (Ashley Benson) and Caleb Rivers (Tyler Blackburn) move with their husband-and-wife life and Spencer Hastings (Troian Bellisario) discovers she has an identical twin sister named Alex Drake who is revealed to be the evil \"\"A.D.\"\" wanting to avenge Charlotte's death and physically replace Spencer's life as a impersonator due to her jealousy of the upbringing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3246674", "chunk_text": "\"Alex Drake (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nbounce around foster homes and orphanages for a large portion of her childhood. She is considered to be the deadliest antagonist of the series. Her character pays tribute to Alison and Courtney DiLaurentis, characters of the \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" book series. Bellisario was cast as Spencer Hastings, in November 2009. Alex is Spencer's identical twin sister, whose existence was unknown until the series' final episode. During an interview to \"\"Elle\"\", Bellisario disclosed that Marlene King, the show's creator, was planning to introduce Spencer's twin since 2014, when the show's fifth season began airing. She also commented that King was initially", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13777433", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 6)\"\ngirls head over to the prom when they discover that Alison was meeting Charles there. Subsequently, Charles kidnaps Alison at the prom; the girls began searching for her, along with Ezra, Toby, Caleb, Sara, Mona, and Clark (who is revealed to be an undercover agent). Working with Mona and Sara, the girls finally infiltrate A's lair, where they discover a live feed of Alison coming face to face with Charles, who is revealed to be CeCe Drake. CeCe then begins to explain her story and motives, revealing that she was born as Charles, but was not accepted by her father", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "848826", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 4)\"\nby 3.12 million viewers. The first half of the fourth season focuses on the aftermath of Detective Darren Wilden's murder. Being last seen with Wilden before his murder, Ashley (Laura Leighton) is made a prime suspect and arrested. The girls work to find out who A is in hopes of finding Wilden's murderer. Meanwhile, Hanna (Ashley Benson) deals with her mother's arrest and trial. Spencer (Troian Bellisario) helps Toby (Keegan Allen) with finding answers about his mother's untimely death while trying to keep him from falling victim to \"\"A\"\"'s schemes. Aria (Lucy Hale) tries to break free from her feelings", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20849550", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nCavanaugh house which detonated, signalling her return to Rosewood. In season five, CeCe breaks into the Vanderwaal home and kidnaps Mona just as she is about to tell the Liars that Alison is \"\"A\"\" and covers up her kidnapping as a homicide. She then brings Mona to the Dollhouse and tortures her and forces her to dress up and act like Alison. Just as the Liars are being brought to jail, CeCe kidnaps them and tortures them inside the Dollhouse. Inside, the Liars discover that Big \"\"A\"\" is named Charles DiLaurentis. CeCe/Charlotte reveals herself as \"\"A\"\" and tells her story;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12083655", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\nHastings and Ian Harding as Ezra Fitz in November 2009. In December 2009, The Futon Critic confirmed the casting of Ashley Benson as Hanna Marin and Shay Mitchell as Emily Fields, as well as the addition of Laura Leighton as Ashley Marin, Nia Peeples as Pam Fields, Roark Critchlow as Tom Marin, and Bianca Lawson as Maya. Mitchell had initially auditioned for the role of Spencer and then tried for Emily. \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" also noted that Torrey DeVitto and Sasha Pieterse landed recurring roles in the pilot. The Alloy website later confirmed that Pieterse would be playing Alison DiLaurentis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20849566", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nthe team as he was the Queens of Hearts responsible for trying to kill Spencer. He also murdered Garrett Reynolds fearing he'd expose him as a crooked cop and placed his corpse in a box beside a fainted Aria. Wilden's reasoning for helping the team is unknown but implied to be blackmail. Jenna was a member of the A-Team during the reign of Big A and was also working anonymously for Uber A. She remains around Rosewood in \"\"Along Comes Mary\"\" and befriends Sara Harvey. Meanwhile, Aria Montgomery and Emily Fields discover that Jenna was on Archer's payroll for unknown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19078508", "chunk_text": "\"Mona Vanderwaal\"\nfashion choices while also praising her relationship with Mike Montgomery, saying, \"\"I like her little \"\"Breakfast at Tiffany's\"\" look, her winged eyeliner, and even her overdone updo, because such devotion to hairspray seems very Mona-esque to me.\"\" Mona Vanderwaal Mona Vanderwaal is a fictional character and main antagonist in the \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" book series by Sara Shepard and its Freeform television series adaptation. In the TV series, she is portrayed by Janel Parrish. In 2019, Parrish will reprise her role as Mona in a sequel television series titled \"\"\"\", which is based on a book \"\"The Perfectionists\"\" written by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "67002", "chunk_text": "\"Power Play (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nand was wheeled into an operating room. Alison is traumatized to remember that Emily's (Shay Mitchell) donated eggs were implanted inside her uterus, realizing Emily is her child's mother. Spencer (Troian Bellisario) has a long overdue conversation with her father (Nolan North) about his past sins and recent whereabouts. Emily continues to navigate working at Rosewood High with both Alison and Paige (Lindsey Shaw), learning the truth about Alison's pregnancy. Meanwhile, Paige contemplates leaving Rosewood, but decides against it, resulting in her and Emily renewing their relationship. Aria (Lucy Hale) continues to question the fate of her relationship with Ezra", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17570116", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nrevealed that there were actually two of them in the Halloween train, Melissa Hastings and Darren Wilden. Wilden attacked Spencer and fought Paige, while Melissa drugged Aria and took her body. Wilden also murdered Garrett Reynolds fearing he'd expose his corrupt activities and Melissa later admits to Spencer that she was blackmailed into doing his bidding. However, in Mona's footage, evidence shows that Wilden tried to abandon the train and Melissa is heard ordering him to stay. Wilden would later place a fainted Aria in a box beside Garrett's corpse and then gathered with Melissa in an attempt to push", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20849573", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nperson who could contradict her statement. In the series finale, Spencer's twin, Alex Drake, is revealed to be \"\"A.D.\"\". She reveals that Jenna was looking for her and recruited Noel to help. However, Jenna was desperate for another chance to see and offered to help her in the game. Noel Kahn returned to Rosewood to team up with Jenna Marshall and Sara Harvey. Kahn served as one of Charlotte's former minions and worked for her at the Dollhouse, having been responsible for placing blood all over Spencer Hastings to convince she had hurt someone. Noel became the prime suspect for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1519984", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 5)\"\nof the series continue the roles. Troian Bellisario played Spencer Hastings, who struggles with family drama. Ashley Benson continued her role as Hanna Marin, whom finds herself in an identity crisis as a result of Alison's return. Lucy Hale played Aria Montgomery who volunteers to work at Radley Sanitarium in addition to build up her relationship with Ezra. Shay Mitchell portrayed Emily Fields who is affected the most of Alison's return, which makes her confront her feelings towards Ali. Sasha Pieterse returned as Alison DiLaurentis, who moves back home after being presumably dead the last two years, which makes her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18656187", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 5)\"\nand Emily are arrested as accessories. After being kidnapped by 'A' on their way to the prison, Hanna, Aria, Spencer and Emily awaken in a dollhouse lair, with rooms designed to look like their bedrooms with surveillance. They discover that Mona is alive; however she is going under the name Alison in the presence of 'A'. They attempt to leave during the \"\"prom\"\" 'A' forces them to create. Spencer then learns A's name: Charles, who is the oldest child of Kenneth and Jessica DiLaurentis. Upon managing to escape the dollhouse, they learn that they are surrounded by an electric fence", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12410880", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 2)\"\nto 25 episodes. On December 13, 2011, it was announced that the identity of A would be revealed in the Spring Finale. Plus, the season finale will see someone arrested for the murder of Alison, as well as the death of a beloved character — excluding the four female leads. Filming of season two wrapped on December 16, 2011. Janel Parrish, Tammin Sursok, Bianca Lawson, and Tyler Blackburn return in the second season as Mona Vanderwaal, Jenna Marshall, Maya St. Germain, and Caleb Rivers. Also returning are Yani Gellman, Torrey DeVitto, Lindsey Shaw, Claire Holt, Keegan Allen, Brant Daugherty, Brendan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017135", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nin a black hoodie, who reveals herself as \"\"A\"\". She kidnaps Spencer and gives her an opportunity to join the \"\"A\"\" team but Spencer declines and the two get into a fight, where Mona is pushed off of a cliff. Though Mona survives, she is sent to Radley Sanitarium for medical assistance. While in the psychiatric hospital, Mona takes up a partnership suggested by the then unknown CeCe Drake that starts off the second game. After this, Mona became another henchmen in the \"\"A\"\" hierarchy, obeying the orders of CeCe, whom she knew as Red Coat. Mona was kicked off", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "567764", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (novel)\"\nDiLaurentis knew). Pretty Little Liars (novel) Pretty Little Liars is the first book in the \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" series by Sara Shepard. It tells the story of four girls - Hanna, Aria, Emily and Spencer - after the disappearance of their clique leader, Alison. The book was written for the book packaging company Alloy Entertainment, the idea originally developed as a TV series. The story introduces an exclusive group of friends: Alison DiLaurentis, the perfect yet manipulative queen bee, Aria Montgomery, an independent girl who is considered to be the weirdo in Rosewood, Emily Fields, a swimmer who holds secret", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12083657", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\ncharacters' secrets. On May 23, 2011, Andrea Parker signed up to appear as Jessica DiLaurentis, Alison's mother. On June 29, 2011, it was announced that Natalie Hall would be replacing Natalie Floyd as Hanna's soon-to-be stepsister, Kate. On January 30, 2012, \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" reported that Tyler Blackburn had been promoted to series regular for the third season. In March 2012, Janel Parrish was also promoted from recurring to series regular for the third season. On March 16, 2016, \"\"TVLine\"\" reported that Andrea Parker was added as a series regular for the seventh season. \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" was called one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19017114", "chunk_text": "\"A (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nof the \"\"A-Team\"\" was revealed to be CeCe Drake, while her ally that donned the Black Widow and other Red Coat disguise was revealed to be Sara Harvey. Five years later, a new mysterious entity arises and begins using Emojis to communicate but later baptizes themselves as \"\"A.D.\"\", while the Liars refer to the anonymous figure as Uber A. Then, in the Series Finale, \"\"A.D.\"\" reveals themselves to be Alex Drake, the twin sister of Spencer. \"\"A\"\" makes appearances as a figure with black leather gloves, a black hoodie, black pants, and black combat boots. Throughout the seasons, the story", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3267736", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 7)\"\nRivers and Ian Harding also continued his role as Ezra Fitz. Andrea Parker was added as a series regular, playing Jessica DiLaurentis' twin sister Mary Drake. After the sixth-season finale, it was announced that Andrea Parker would return to the show as Mary Drake, Jessica DiLaurentis' identical twin sister and biological mother to Charlotte DiLaurentis. \"\"TVLine\"\" later confirmed that Parker was added as a series regular for the upcoming season. \"\"Deadline\"\" reported on May 10, 2016, that actor Nicholas Gonzalez was cast as Detective Vic Furey, a character who will oversee the Rosewood Police Department. The character was later renamed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13777432", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 6)\"\nmeet with Jason. However, the plan backfires when the police appeared. Rosewood High ultimately bans the girls from their prom and graduation after an incident at Aria's photo gallery contest. Hanna discovers that the company who gave her a scholarship is affiliated with Radley (and Mr. DiLaurentis). She and Spencer decided to return the money to the company, where they meet Rhys Matthews, whom they later suspected to be Charles. The girls also became suspicious of Aria's friend Clark, believing that he may be working for Charles when they saw him following Rhys into a warehouse. Despite being banned, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "567760", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (novel)\"\nPretty Little Liars (novel) Pretty Little Liars is the first book in the \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" series by Sara Shepard. It tells the story of four girls - Hanna, Aria, Emily and Spencer - after the disappearance of their clique leader, Alison. The book was written for the book packaging company Alloy Entertainment, the idea originally developed as a TV series. The story introduces an exclusive group of friends: Alison DiLaurentis, the perfect yet manipulative queen bee, Aria Montgomery, an independent girl who is considered to be the weirdo in Rosewood, Emily Fields, a swimmer who holds secret feelings for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19912945", "chunk_text": "\"Mona Vanderwaal\"\nbest characters on television in 2014. During the TV series' run, producer I. Marlene King acknowledged Mona as a \"\"beloved character.\"\" By the end of the show's run, Dana Getz of \"\"Bustle.com\"\" declared that Mona had become \"\"the most important character in the series.\"\" Mona Vanderwaal was introduced in the first four \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" novels. A teenage resident of Rosewood, Pennsylvania, she has white-blonde hair, light blue eyes, and a few freckles. She is a formerly unpopular girl who was teased by Alison DiLaurentis and her friends, longing to be in their group. After Alison went missing, Mona befriended", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1519985", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 5)\"\nthe attention of the town. Janel Parrish played Mona Vanderwaal, who starts a group against Alison. Tyler Blackburn returned to the series as Caleb Rivers after playing the same character on \"\"Ravenswood\"\", while Ian Harding continued his role as Ezra Fitz who is almost killed after being shot in the abdomen by Shana. In addition, Laura Leighton played Ashley Marin, Hanna's mom. On March 12, 2014, it was announced that Tyler Blackburn would be returning as a series regular on the show after leaving halfway through the fourth season for the sister show; \"\"Ravenswood\"\", and would return in the 100th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20221054", "chunk_text": "\"Alison DiLaurentis\"\nthe original series. \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" is a series of books which revolves around the lives of four teenagers in Rosewood, Pennsylvania whom each struggle with different physical and psychological issues, as well as living in danger because of a dangerous stalker who emerges after the four's best friend and leader Alison DiLaurentis vanishes and is found dead. The twin sisters Alison and Courtney Day-DiLaurentis were born on June 6, 1990, the fruits of a secret sexual relationship between Jessica DiLaurentis and Peter Hastings. They were identical, but completely opposite in personality. Both were popular in her hometown, but Alison", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12083651", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars\"\nfeaturing the cast and executive producer King discussing the series ending. On September 25, 2017, Freeform announced that a second spin-off series, titled \"\"\"\", had been ordered, with Pieterse and Parrish reprising their roles as Alison DiLaurentis and Mona Vanderwaal respectively. On May 14, 2018, Freeform picked up the series for a 10-episode first season, set to air in 2019. In a 2018 panel, Parrish said that some plot points created in \"\"Pretty Little Liars\"\" will be resolved during the spin-off. Set in the small suburban town of Rosewood, Pennsylvania, the series follows the lives of five girls: Spencer Hastings,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2455001", "chunk_text": "\"Playtime (Pretty Little Liars)\"\nstaff reunion, leaving things awkward. While visiting a possible buffet for Aria and Ezra's marriage, Hanna and Aria run into Holden (Shane Coffey), Aria's long-time friend. Aria discovers that he is now a chef, among other skills, and they end up catching up on their lives. \"\"A.D.\"\" delivers an interactive board game which shows notable places of Rosewood and figurines of the Liars. They decide not to play the stalker's game, but Spencer secretly moves forward with the game. Veronica (Lesley Fera) returns home and reveals to Spencer that Peter slept with Mary Drake years ago thinking she was Jessica,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "848830", "chunk_text": "\"Pretty Little Liars (season 4)\"\nand knew her when they met. Hanna mends her broken heart by pursuing a relationship with Travis (Luke Kleintank) and an interest in mystery novels, which lead to a friendship with Detective Holbrook (Sean Faris). Aria tells the girls that Ezra thinks one of them is 'A', but the suspicion later shifted to Jessica Dilaurentis, Alison's mother, after reading more of the notes on Ezra's manuscript. Emily later tells Paige that Alison is alive, and Paige betrays her trust by tipping the police. Suspecting that they can find clues at Ali's house, Hanna volunteers the girls to Jessica's bridal fashion", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_256	when did the term sustainability start to be used?	n/a	[ "1987" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11944543", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\nto be, questioned—in light of environmental degradation, climate change, overconsumption, population growth and societies' pursuit of unlimited economic growth in a closed system. The name sustainability is derived from the Latin \"\"sustinere\"\" (\"\"tenere\"\", to hold; \"\"sub\"\", under). \"\"Sustain\"\" can mean \"\"maintain\"\", \"\"support\"\", or \"\"endure\"\". Since the 1980s \"\"sustainability\"\" has been used more in the sense of human sustainability on planet Earth and this has resulted in the most widely quoted definition of sustainability as a part of the concept \"\"sustainable development\"\", that of the Brundtland Commission of the United Nations on March 20, 1987: \"\"sustainable development is development that meets", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2962361", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\nHistory of sustainability The history of sustainability traces human-dominated ecological systems from the earliest civilizations to the present. This history is characterized by the increased regional success of a particular society, followed by crises that were either resolved, producing sustainability, or not, leading to decline. In early human history, the use of fire and desire for specific foods may have altered the natural composition of plant and animal communities. Between 8,000 and 10,000 years ago, agrarian communities emerged which depended largely on their environment and the creation of a \"\"structure of permanence\"\". The Western industrial revolution of the 18th to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11944556", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\nthe natural composition of plant and animal communities. Between 8,000 and 10,000 years ago, agrarian communities emerged which depended largely on their environment and the creation of a \"\"structure of permanence.\"\" The Western industrial revolution of the 18th to 19th centuries tapped into the vast growth potential of the energy in fossil fuels. Coal was used to power ever more efficient engines and later to generate electricity. Modern sanitation systems and advances in medicine protected large populations from disease. In the mid-20th century, a gathering environmental movement pointed out that there were environmental costs associated with the many material benefits", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20297229", "chunk_text": "\"EPA Sustainability\"\nEPA Sustainability The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in July 1970 when the White House and the United States Congress came together due to the public's demand for cleaner natural resources. The purpose of the EPA is to repair the damage done to the environment and to set up new criteria to allow Americans to make a clean environment a reality. The ultimate goal of the EPA is to protect human health and the environment. Since the 1980s sustainability has become a term used in reference to environmental and human issues. Sustainability is typically defined as, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2962374", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\nmust be sustainable development that would meet the needs of the poor while not increasing environmental problems. Humanity’s demand on the planet has more than doubled over the past 45 years as a result of population growth and increasing individual consumption. In 1961 almost all countries in the world had more than enough capacity to meet their own demand; by 2005 the situation had changed radically with many countries able to meet their needs only by importing resources from other nations. A move toward sustainable living by increasing public awareness and adoption of recycling, and renewable energies emerged. The development", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19848376", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability metrics and indices\"\nEnvironment Programme (UNEP) and during the tenure of Kofi Annan, it cooperated with the UN Secretary-General's Global Compact. In 1956 Dr. Howard T. Odum of the University of Florida coined the term Emergy and devised the accounting system of embodied energy. In 1997, systems ecologists M.T. Brown and S. Ulgiati published their formulation of a quantitative Sustainability Index (SI) as a ratio of the emergy (spelled with an \"\"m\"\", i.e. \"\"embodied energy\"\", not simply \"\"energy\"\") yield ratio (EYR) to the environmental loading ratio (ELR). Brown and Ulgiati also called the sustainability index the \"\"Emergy Sustainability Index\"\" (ESI), \"\"an index that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13132591", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability in construction\"\nefficient way and to find alternatives to the contemporary source of energy. Meanwhile, shortage of other natural resources such as water also addressed the attention from the public. The exploration and ecological approach to construction industry emerged in late 1960 s aiming to seek harmony with the nature. Afterward, in 1987, the clear definition of sustainable development was given in the Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future. It could be the start of the era of sustainability. Since then, sustainability has become a unique and popular feature in many areas and sustainable development seemed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2962373", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\nindeed a year of energy conservation.\"\" While the developed world was considering the problems of unchecked development the developing countries, faced with continued poverty and deprivation, regarded development as essential to raise the living standards of their peoples. In 1980 the International Union for Conservation of Nature had published its influential \"\"World Conservation Strategy,\"\" followed in 1982 by its \"\"World Charter for Nature,\"\" which drew attention to the decline of the world’s ecosystems. In 1987 the United Nation's World Commission on Environment and Development (the Brundtland Commission), in its report \"\"Our Common Future\"\" suggested that development was acceptable, but it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7212622", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable community\"\nof places, ranging from neighborhoods to watersheds to cities to multi-state regions. Etymologically, the term “sustainable community” grew out of the related discourses of “sustainability” and “sustainable development” that gained widespread use among local, national, and international politicians and policymakers in NGOs starting in the late 1980s. The term originally referred to environmental concerns and was later applied to cities. The best example of a real Sustainable Community is Saint Michael's Sustainable Community in Costa Rica. The community produces far more food and water then it needs. It uses regenerative agriculture as a base to live in harmony with nature.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11944542", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\nbuilding, sustainable agriculture), or work practices (sustainable architecture), using science to develop new technologies (green technologies, renewable energy and sustainable fission and fusion power), or designing systems in a flexible and reversible manner, and adjusting individual lifestyles that conserve natural resources. \"\"The term 'sustainability' should be viewed as humanity's target goal of human-ecosystem equilibrium (homeostasis), while 'sustainable development' refers to the holistic approach and temporal processes that lead us to the end point of sustainability.\"\" (305) Despite the increased popularity of the use of the term \"\"sustainability\"\", the possibility that human societies will achieve environmental sustainability has been, and continues", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11944557", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\nthat were now being enjoyed. In the late 20th century, environmental problems became global in scale. The 1973 and 1979 energy crises demonstrated the extent to which the global community had become dependent on non-renewable energy resources. In the 21st century, there is increasing global awareness of the threat posed by the human greenhouse effect, produced largely by forest clearing and the burning of fossil fuels. The philosophical and analytic framework of sustainability draws on and connects with many different disciplines and fields; in recent years an area that has come to be called sustainability science has emerged. Sustainability is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11944539", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\nSustainability Sustainability is the process of maintaining change in a balanced fashion, in which the exploitation of resources, the direction of investments, the orientation of technological development and institutional change are all in harmony and enhance both current and future potential to meet human needs and aspirations. For many in the field, sustainability is defined through the following interconnected domains or pillars: environment, economic and social. Sub-domains of sustainable development have been considered also: cultural, technological and political. While sustainable development may be the organizing principle for sustainability for some, for others, the two terms are paradoxical (i.e. development is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7935460", "chunk_text": "\"Context-Based Sustainability\"\nSustainability Context principle, a sustainability accounting concept first put forward in 2002 by the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) in its \"\"Guidance\"\" for corporate sustainability reporting. And whereas the Sustainability Context principle is just that, a principle, CBS is a methodology that makes it possible to put the principle into practice. The CBS methodology was originally developed by Mark W. McElroy of the Center for Sustainable Organizations, a non-profit public charity in the U.S., as part of his doctoral dissertation at the University of Groningen in 2008. He and Jo van Engelen then more broadly promoted the concept in their 2012", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14941976", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\nlike agriculture, manufacturing and industry, to work organizations, the consumption patterns of households and individuals and to the resource demands of individual goods and services. One of the initial attempts to express human impact mathematically was developed in the 1970s and is called the I PAT formula. This formulation attempts to explain human consumption in terms of three components: population numbers, levels of consumption (which it terms \"\"affluence\"\", although the usage is different), and impact per unit of resource use (which is termed \"\"technology\"\", because this impact depends on the technology used). The equation is expressed: In recent years, concepts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9639331", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability accounting\"\nin the world (social, environmental and economic). The most recent and fully elaborated implementation of CBS is the MultiCapital Scorecard method, first put forward by its creators in 2013. Sustainability accounting Sustainability accounting (also known as social accounting, social and environmental accounting, corporate social reporting, corporate social responsibility reporting, or non-financial reporting) was originated about 20 years ago and is considered a subcategory of financial accounting that focuses on the disclosure of non-financial information about a firm's performance to external stakeholders, such as capital holders, creditors, and other authorities. Sustainability accounting represents the activities that have a direct impact on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16006351", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable development\"\nmeans to achieve all the other 16 SDGs (UNESCO, 2017). Sustainable development, or sustainability, has been described in terms of three spheres, dimensions, domains or pillars, i.e. the environment, the economy and society. The three-sphere framework was initially proposed by the economist René Passet in 1979. It has also been worded as \"\"economic, environmental and social\"\" or \"\"ecology, economy and equity\"\". This has been expanded by some authors to include a fourth pillar of culture, institutions or governance, or alternatively reconfigured as four domains of the social - ecology, economics, politics and culture, thus bringing economics back inside the social,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2962362", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\n19th centuries tapped into the vast growth potential of the energy in fossil fuels. Coal was used to power ever more efficient engines and later to generate electricity. Modern sanitation systems and advances in medicine protected large populations from disease. In the mid-20th century, a gathering environmental movement pointed out that there were environmental costs associated with the many material benefits that were now being enjoyed. In the late 20th century, environmental problems became global in scale. The 1973 and 1979 energy crises demonstrated the extent to which the global community had become dependent on non-renewable energy resources. In the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13793020", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability reporting\"\nSustainability reporting A sustainability report is a report published by a company or organization about the economic, environmental and social impacts caused by its everyday activities. A sustainability report also presents the organization's values and governance model, and demonstrates the link between its strategy and its commitment to a sustainable global economy. Corporate \"\"sustainability reporting\"\" has a history going back to environmental reporting. The first environmental reports were published in the late 1980s by companies in the chemical industry which had serious image problems. The other group of early reporters was a group of committed small and medium-sized businesses with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14941980", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\nsustainability measures include corporate sustainability reporting, Triple Bottom Line accounting, World Sustainability Society, Circles of Sustainability, and estimates of the quality of sustainability governance for individual countries using the Environmental Sustainability Index and Environmental Performance Index. Companies such as Lieef (www.Lieef.com) have started reporting ESG metrics on behalf of companies, and investment funds, in an effort to increase transparency through patenting pending technology that measures emissions from a gross to net basis. According to the most recent (July 2015) revision of the official United Nations World Population Prospects, the world population is projected to reach 8.5 billion by 2030, up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19153227", "chunk_text": "\"EPA Sustainability\"\nof these results that can help companies to make decisions in favor of the environment. EPA Sustainability The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was established in July 1970 when the White House and the United States Congress came together due to the public's demand for cleaner natural resources. The purpose of the EPA is to repair the damage done to the environment and to set up new criteria to allow Americans to make a clean environment a reality. The ultimate goal of the EPA is to protect human health and the environment. Since the 1980s sustainability has become a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20536089", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\nglobal peak expected thereafter. In the 1970s environmentalism's concern with pollution, the population explosion, consumerism and the depletion of finite resources found expression in \"\"Small Is Beautiful,\"\" by British economist E. F. Schumacher in 1973, and \"\"The Limits to Growth\"\" published by the global think tank, the Club of Rome, in 1975. Environmental problems were now becoming global in scale. The 1973 and 1979 energy crises demonstrated the extent to which the global community had become dependent on a nonrenewable resource; President Carter in his State of the Union Address called on Americans to \"\"Conserve energy. Eliminate waste. Make 1980", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17984939", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable transport\"\nas one that: Sustainability extends beyond just the operating efficiency and emissions. A life-cycle assessment involves production, use and post-use considerations. A cradle-to-cradle design is more important than a focus on a single factor such as energy efficiency. Most of the tools and concepts of sustainable transport were developed before the phrase was coined. Walking, the first mode of transport, is also the most sustainable. Public transport dates back at least as far as the invention of the public bus by Blaise Pascal in 1662. The first passenger tram began operation in 1807 and the first passenger rail service in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16006335", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable development\"\nexploitation will eventually lead to the exhaustion of earth's finite stock. The United Nations organized an international conference in Stockholm, Sweden from 5 to 16 June 1972. Sustainability can be defined as the practice of maintaining processes of productivity indefinitely—natural or human made—by replacing resources used with resources of equal or greater value without degrading or endangering natural biotic systems. Sustainable development ties together concern for the carrying capacity of natural systems with the social, political, and economic challenges faced by humanity. Sustainability science is the study of the concepts of sustainable development and environmental science. There is an additional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16006396", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable development\"\nchain and operations is gaining weight-age. Multiple institutes including Wharton, Columbia, CASI Global New York offer certifications in Sustainability. Corporate's prefer employees certified in sustainability. Reference https://www.wharton.upenn.edu/ http://www.columbia.edu/ http://casiglobal.us/ It has been argued that since the 1960s, the concept of sustainable development has changed from \"\"conservation management\"\" to \"\"economic development\"\", whereby the original meaning of the concept has been stretched somewhat. In the 1960s, the international community realised that many African countries needed national plans to safeguard wildlife habitats, and that rural areas had to confront the limits imposed by soil, climate and water availability. This was a strategy of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3118117", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability in construction\"\nSustainability in construction Sustainability during the construction phase is one of the aspects of “green building,\"\" defined by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as \"\"the practice of creating structures and using processes that are environmentally responsible and resource-efficient throughout a building's life-cycle from siting to design, construction, operation, maintenance, renovation and deconstruction.\"\" While \"\"sustainable development\"\" had already been discussed for years, \"\"sustainable \"\"construction\"\"\"\" was first coined by Professor Charles J. Kibert in a 1994 conference, the Final Session of the First International Conference of CIB TG 16 on Sustainable Construction in Tampa, Florida. Kibert defined \"\"sustainable construction\"\" as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20536086", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\nlate 19th century Eugenius Warming was the first botanist to study physiological relations between plants and their environment, heralding the scientific discipline of ecology. By the 20th century, the industrial revolution had led to an exponential increase in the human consumption of resources. The increase in health, wealth and population was perceived as a simple path of progress. However, in the 1930s economists began developing models of non-renewable resource management (see Hotelling's rule) and the sustainability of welfare in an economy that uses non-renewable resources (Hartwick's rule). Ecology had now gained general acceptance as a scientific discipline, and many concepts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11944555", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\ngardens, theme parks, open-pit mines, water catchments, one way to look at the relationship between sustainability and resiliency is to view the former with a long-term vision and resiliency as the capacity of human engineers to respond to immediate environmental events. The history of sustainability traces human-dominated ecological systems from the earliest civilizations to the present day. This history is characterized by the increased regional success of a particular society, followed by crises that were either resolved, producing sustainability, or not, leading to decline. In early human history, the use of fire and desire for specific foods may have altered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17343877", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\nsocieties into the academic discourse on sustainability, and also blended that with modern scientific principles. In 2009 the Environmental Protection Agency of the United States determined that greenhouse gases \"\"endanger public health and welfare\"\" of the American people by contributing to climate change and causing more heat waves, droughts and flooding, and threatening food and water supplies. Rapidly advancing technologies now provide the means to achieve a transition of economies, energy generation, water and waste management, and food production towards sustainable practices using methods of systems ecology and industrial ecology. History of sustainability The history of sustainability traces human-dominated ecological", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20536087", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\nvital to sustainability were being explored. These included: the interconnectedness of all living systems in a single living planetary system, the biosphere; the importance of natural cycles (of water, nutrients and other chemicals, materials, waste); and the passage of energy through trophic levels of living systems. Following the deprivations of the great depression and World War II the developed world entered a new period of escalating growth, a post-1950s \"\"great acceleration ... a surge in the human enterprise that has emphatically stamped humanity as a global geophysical force.\"\" A gathering environmental movement pointed out that there were environmental costs associated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10881080", "chunk_text": "\"Context-Based Sustainability\"\nis referred to here as Context-Based Sustainability, the uptake and adoption of CBS is only now reaching an inflection point. This can be seen on at least three fronts: (1) Third-Party, Independent and Peer-Reviewed Assessments, (2) the B Corporation Community Endorsements, and (3) Organizational Applications. \"\"The context principle was introduced as early as 2002 when it was embedded in the second generation of the GRI reporting framework. However, partially due to lack of available guidance on how to apply context to the reporting, it has largely been absent in corporate reporting. In an effort to fill this context gap, several", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20536085", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\nindustrial, technological and scientific growth that has continued to this day, marking the commencement of a period of global human influence known as the Anthropocene. From 1650 to 1850 the global population doubled from around 500 million to 1 billion people. Concerns about the environmental and social impacts of industry were expressed by some Enlightenment political economists and through the Romantic movement of the 1800s. The Reverend Thomas Malthus, devised catastrophic and much-criticized theories of \"\"overpopulation\"\", while John Stuart Mill foresaw the desirability of a \"\"stationary state\"\" economy, thus anticipating concerns of the modern discipline of ecological economics. In the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3111090", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable industries\"\nthe system. In February 2003 the business magazine Sustainable Industries was first published, offering news and analysis of core industries such as clean energy and green building. By 2012 the company had expanded to include digital media and event production with the Sustainable Industries Economic Forum in the U.S. Sustainable Industries merged with Triple Pundit in 2011. Then in 2013 Sustainable Industries stopped publishing under its masthead. Sustainable industries The phrase sustainable industries is related to the development of industrial processes in a sustainable way. The earliest mention of the phrase \"\"sustainable industries\"\" appeared in 1990 in a story about", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2962375", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\nof renewable sources of energy in the 1970s and '80s, primarily in wind turbines and photovoltaics and increased use of hydroelectricity, presented some of the first sustainable alternatives to fossil fuel and nuclear energy generation, the first large-scale solar and wind power plants appearing during the 1980s and '90s. Also at this time many local and state governments in developed countries began to implement small-scale sustainability policies. Through the work of climate scientists in the IPCC there is increasing global awareness of the threat posed by the human-induced enhanced greenhouse effect, produced largely by forest clearing and the burning of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14941991", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\n2015, there were 169 proposed targets for these goals and 304 proposed indicators to show compliance. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) replace the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which expired at the end of 2015. The MDGs were established in 2000 following the Millennium Summit of the United Nations. Adopted by the 189 United Nations member states at the time and more than twenty international organizations, these goals were advanced to help achieve the following sustainable development standards by 2015. According to the data that member countries represented to the United Nations, Cuba was the only country in the world", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11341038", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable national income\"\nsustainable situation. If the distance decreases then we are on the road to environmental sustainability, the part of the production that is based on unsustainable use of the environment decreases. If the distance increases then we are drifting further away from sustainability. The original concept of ´sustainability´ refers to an equilibrium relation between human activities and their physical surroundings and has a long tradition going back to the nineteenth century. The sustainable national income is based on a definition of sustainability in conformity with this. The original concept of sustainability is introduced in the international discussion by 1980 publication of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16897030", "chunk_text": "Sustainopreneurship\nconference article in 2006: The business world has been nominated as a premier force for creating a sustainable world, especially when acting as a source of innovation and creativity – e. g. as Robinson (2004:378) puts it: Sustainopreneurship is a candidate to be the accentuating factor to give even more leverage to forces emerging from world of business activities to contribute to sustainability. The concept of sustainopreneurship was first introduced as a term in 2000 where it was predominantly related to the proactive change management approaches associated with process adjustment with increased respect to the environment. The phenomenon developed with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9639284", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability accounting\"\nor modification to conventional financial cost or management accounting. To develop sustainability accounting de novo allows a complete reappraisal of the relative significance of social, environmental and economic benefits and risks and their interactions in corporate accounting systems.<ref name=\"\"Schaltegger/Burritt\"\"> </ref> The developments that lead to sustainable accounting could be distinguished in several time periods in which a number of trends were evident: 1971–1980, 1981–1990, 1991–1995 and up to the present. These periods distinguish empirical studies, normative statements, philosophical discussion, teaching programmes, literature and regulatory frameworks. By the end of the decade, a large volume of empirical work and a number", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14941979", "chunk_text": "Sustainability\n(5) subset relation, a (6) degree relation, a (7) cost-benefit/trade-off relation, and a (8) selective relation. Sustainability measurement is the quantitative basis for the informed management of sustainability. The metrics used for the measurement of sustainability (involving the sustainability of environmental, social and economic domains, both individually and in various combinations) are evolving: they include indicators, benchmarks, audits, sustainability standards and certification systems like Fairtrade and Organic, indexes and accounting, as well as assessment, appraisal and other reporting systems. They are applied over a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Some of the best known and most widely used", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16006338", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable development\"\nthe development of the environmental movement in the 1960s. Following the publication of Rachel Carson's \"\"Silent Spring\"\" in 1962, the developing environmental movement drew attention to the relationship between economic growth and development and environmental degradation. Kenneth E. Boulding in his influential 1966 essay \"\"The Economics of the Coming Spaceship Earth\"\" identified the need for the economic system to fit itself to the ecological system with its limited pools of resources. One of the first uses of the term sustainable in the contemporary sense was by the Club of Rome in 1972 in its classic report on the \"\"Limits to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17716921", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability in New Zealand\"\nSustainability in New Zealand Sustainability in New Zealand is being increasingly recognised as being good practice and the government has made some moves toward this goal. Over the relatively short human occupation of New Zealand huge changes had been made to the natural environment. Although efforts were made by a small number of individuals and organisations in highlighting environmental issues, only ad-hoc measures were made by the government at central and local level. Sustainability became a concept that emerged from the environmental movement which become a social and political movement of its own right in the 1960s. In 1972 the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7262509", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability metrics and indices\"\nto various interpretations. Sustainability metrics and indices Sustainable metrics and indices are measures of sustainability, and attempt to quantify beyond the generic concept. Though there are disagreements among those from different disciplines (and influenced by different political beliefs about the nature of the good society), these disciplines and international organizations have each offered measures or indicators of how to measure the concept. While sustainability indicators, indices and reporting systems gained growing popularity in both the public and private sectors, their effectiveness in influencing actual policy and practices often remains limited. Various ways of operationalizing or measuring sustainability have been developed.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12455196", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability science\"\nSustainability science Sustainability science emerged in the 21st century as a new academic discipline. This new field of science was officially introduced with a \"\"Birth Statement\"\" at the World Congress \"\"Challenges of a Changing Earth 2001\"\" in Amsterdam organized by the International Council for Science (ICSU), the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), the International Human Dimensions Programme on Global Environmental Change and the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP). The field reflects a desire to give the generalities and broad-based approach of “sustainability” a stronger analytic and scientific underpinning as it \"\"brings together scholarship and practice, global and local perspectives from north", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5176296", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability advertising\"\n4P’s model, introduced around 1960. This model, in which the promotion of products with advertising as one of its main tools plays an important role, was helpful for many industries in many markets.” However, the market situation changed: con-sumers became more aware of the social and ecological implications of their purchases and at the same time inherent attributes like efficiency and cost effectiveness, health and safety, symbolism and status needed to be highlighted by companies in order to remain competitive in the market. The companies have been adapting to the changes and now move towards “relationship marketing focused more on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13777312", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable agriculture\"\nSustainable agriculture Sustainable agriculture is farming in sustainable ways based on an understanding of ecosystem services, the study of relationships between organisms and their environment. The phrase 'sustainable agriculture' was reportedly coined by the Australian agricultural scientist Gordon McClymont. Wes Jackson is credited with the first publication of the expression in his 1980 book \"\"New Roots for Agriculture\"\". The term became popular in the late 1980s. It has been defined as \"\"an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific application that will last over the long term\"\", for example to satisfy human food and fiber needs,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16006340", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainable development\"\nWilliam Flynn Martin, David Dodson Gray, and Elizabeth Gray prepared the hearings under the Chairmanship of Congressman John Dingell. In 1980 the International Union for the Conservation of Nature published a world conservation strategy that included one of the first references to sustainable development as a global priority and introduced the term \"\"sustainable development\"\". Two years later, the United Nations World Charter for Nature raised five principles of conservation by which human conduct affecting nature is to be guided and judged. In 1987 the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development released the report \"\"Our Common Future\"\", commonly called", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20536080", "chunk_text": "\"History of sustainability\"\n21st century, there is increasing global awareness of the threat posed by the human-induced enhanced greenhouse effect, produced largely by forest clearing and the burning of fossil fuels. In early human history, although the energy and other resource demands of nomadic hunter-gatherers was small, the use of fire and desire for specific foods may have altered the natural composition of plant and animal communities. Between 8,000 and 10,000 years ago, agriculture emerged in various regions of the world. Agrarian communities depended largely on their environment and the creation of a \"\"structure of permanence\"\". Societies outgrowing their local food supply or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11538111", "chunk_text": "\"New Urbanism\"\nassociated with the rise of the term sustainability in the 2000s, however, this has caused some confusion as the term is also used by the United Nations and Agenda 21 to include human development issues (e.g., developing country) that exceed the scope of land development intended to be addressed by the New Urbanism or Sustainable Urbanism. The term \"\"livability\"\" or \"\"livable communities\"\" was popular under the Obama administration, though it dates back at least to the mid-1990s when the term was used by the Local Government Commission. Planning magazine discussed the proliferation of \"\"urbanisms\"\" in an article in 2011 titled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14285067", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability standards and certification\"\nSustainability standards and certification Sustainability standards and certifications are voluntary, usually third party-assessed, norms and standards relating to environmental, social, ethical and food safety issues, adopted by companies to demonstrate the performance of their organizations or products in specific areas. There are perhaps up to 500 such standards and the pace of introduction has increased in the last decade. The trend started in the late 1980s and 90s with the introduction of Ecolabels and standards for Organic food and other products. In recent years, numerous standards have been established and adopted in the food industry in particular. Most of them", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19039895", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability metrics and indices\"\nSustainability metrics and indices Sustainable metrics and indices are measures of sustainability, and attempt to quantify beyond the generic concept. Though there are disagreements among those from different disciplines (and influenced by different political beliefs about the nature of the good society), these disciplines and international organizations have each offered measures or indicators of how to measure the concept. While sustainability indicators, indices and reporting systems gained growing popularity in both the public and private sectors, their effectiveness in influencing actual policy and practices often remains limited. Various ways of operationalizing or measuring sustainability have been developed. During the last", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14455092", "chunk_text": "\"Sustainability in construction\"\npolicy was based on energy, mineral resources, land use and biodiversity, and they defined sustainable construction as \"\"a way of building which aims at reducing (negative) health and environmental impacts caused by the construction process or by buildings or by the built-up environment.\"\" Definitions of \"\"sustainable construction\"\" include: Sustainability is not a new concept in the construction industry. The emergence of the awareness of sustainability at modern time was back to 1970 s when the oil crises happened. It was at that time when people started to realize the necessity and urgency to conserve energy, to utilize energy in an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_257	where was the killing of a sacred deer filmed?	n/a	[ "Cincinnati" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17936184", "chunk_text": "\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\nand Element Pictures produced the project. In June 2016, Nicole Kidman was cast in the film, and in August 2016, Alicia Silverstone, Raffey Cassidy, Bill Camp, Barry Keoghan, and Sunny Suljic also joined. As of August 23, 2016, the film had begun principal photography in Cincinnati, filming at The Christ Hospital. It was also shot in the Hyde Park and Northside neighborhoods. The school scenes in the film were shot at Roger Bacon High School. In May 2016, A24 acquired U.S. distribution rights to the film. The same month, Haut et Court acquired French rights. It had its world premiere", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17936176", "chunk_text": "\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\nThe Killing of a Sacred Deer The Killing of a Sacred Deer is a 2017 psychological thriller film directed by Yorgos Lanthimos, from a screenplay by Lanthimos and Efthymis Filippou. It stars Colin Farrell, Nicole Kidman, Barry Keoghan, Raffey Cassidy, Sunny Suljic, Alicia Silverstone, and Bill Camp. The story is based on the ancient Greek play \"\"Iphigenia at Aulis\"\" by Euripides. The film follows a cardiac surgeon (Farrell) who secretly befriends a teenage boy (Keoghan) with a connection to his past. He introduces the boy to his family, who begin to fall mysteriously ill. \"\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17936177", "chunk_text": "\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\nwas selected to compete for the Palme d'Or in the main competition section at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival. The film was theatrically released in the United States on October 20, 2017, by A24, and in the United Kingdom and Ireland on November 3, 2017, by Curzon Artificial Eye. It has received positive reviews, and grossed over $6 million worldwide. Steven Murphy, a skilled cardiothoracic surgeon, finishes an open heart surgery, and goes to a diner where he meets a teenage boy named Martin. Afterward, Steven returns home to his wife, Anna, and their children, Kim and Bob. He later", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8503295", "chunk_text": "\"The Favourite (film)\"\nactors] to not take themselves too seriously, learn the text in a physical way by doing completely irrelevant things to what the scene is about, just be comfortable about making a fool of themselves.” Filming was expected to begin in the spring of 2016, but was pushed back a year, during which time Lanthimos directed \"\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\" (2017). Principal photography began in March 2017 at Hatfield House, Hertfordshire and concluded in May 2017. Lanthimos stated that a major reason for filming at the Hatfield House was because \"\"From the beginning, I had this image of these", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3787526", "chunk_text": "\"The Deer Hunter\"\na natural successor to Relyea, and Peverall knew enough about the picture to be elevated to producer status. \"\"John is a straightforward Cornishman who had worked his way up to become a production supervisor,\"\" wrote Deeley, \"\"and we employed him as EMI's watchman on certain pictures.\"\" The wedding scenes were filmed at the historic St. Theodosius Russian Orthodox Cathedral in the Tremont neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio. The wedding took five days to film. St. Theodosius' Father Stephen Kopestonsky was cast as the priest at the wedding. The reception scene was filmed at nearby Lemko Hall. The amateur extras lined up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6605626", "chunk_text": "\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\na normalized rating, the film has a weighted average score of 73 out of 100, based on 45 critics, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". The Killing of a Sacred Deer The Killing of a Sacred Deer is a 2017 psychological thriller film directed by Yorgos Lanthimos, from a screenplay by Lanthimos and Efthymis Filippou. It stars Colin Farrell, Nicole Kidman, Barry Keoghan, Raffey Cassidy, Sunny Suljic, Alicia Silverstone, and Bill Camp. The story is based on the ancient Greek play \"\"Iphigenia at Aulis\"\" by Euripides. The film follows a cardiac surgeon (Farrell) who secretly befriends a teenage boy (Keoghan) with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17936183", "chunk_text": "\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\nto chairs, covers their heads, and pulls a woolen hat over his own face. He loads a rifle, spins in circles, and fires. The first two shots miss, but the third kills Bob. Some time later, the family visits the same diner where Steven met with Martin. Martin enters and stares at them; he and the family briefly lock eyes and the Murphys leave as Martin gazes after them. On May 11, 2016, it was announced that Colin Farrell had been cast in the film, with Yorgos Lanthimos directing from a screenplay he had written with Efthymis Filipou. Film4 Productions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3787529", "chunk_text": "\"The Deer Hunter\"\nin the production, nearly halfway through principal photography, Cimino was already over budget, and producer Spikings could tell from the script that shooting the extended scene could sink the project. The bar was specially constructed in an empty storefront in Mingo Junction, Ohio for $25,000; it later became an actual saloon for local steel mill workers. U.S. Steel allowed filming inside its Cleveland mill, including placing the actors around the furnace floor, only after securing a $5 million insurance policy. Other filming took place in Pittsburgh. The first deer to be shot was depicted in a \"\"gruesome close-up\"\", although he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17936185", "chunk_text": "\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\nat the Cannes Film Festival on May 22, 2017. Lanthimos and Filippou won the Best Screenplay award at the festival. The film was theatrically released in the United States on October 20, 2017 and in the United Kingdom and Ireland on November 3, 2017. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating 80%, based on 241 reviews, with an average rating of 7.6/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"\"\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\" continues director Yorgos Lanthimos' stubbornly idiosyncratic streak—and demonstrates again that he is a talent not to be ignored.\"\" On Metacritic, which assigns", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3787523", "chunk_text": "\"The Deer Hunter\"\ntheir Nazi wisdom,\"\" added Cimino, \"\"[they] didn't give me the credit because I would be producer, director and writer.\"\" All four writers—Cimino, Washburn, Garfinkle, and Redeker—received an Oscar nomination for Best Original Screenplay for the film. \"\"The Deer Hunter\"\" began principal photography on June 20, 1977. This was the first feature film depicting the Vietnam War to be filmed on location in Thailand. All scenes were shot on location (no sound stages). \"\"There was discussion about shooting the film on a back lot, but the material demanded more realism,\"\" says Spikings. The cast and crew viewed large amounts of news", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7783455", "chunk_text": "\"Thimios Bakatakis\"\nand crawl through hospital corridors, like the lurking spirits in \"\"The Shining\"\" – all low-angle prowls and ghostly high glides\"\". Lanthimos noted that the camera moves more in \"\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\" than many of his other films, saying that he \"\"felt the need for the camera to be almost like another entity\"\" during pre-production and location scouting. He elaborated that he \"\"thought of these high angles, or very low angles, with the camera following people around, creeping from below or above\"\", which ended up working well, with the film's many scenes at a hospital and its numerous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2436893", "chunk_text": "\"Killing a Deer\"\nKilling a Deer Killing a Deer or A Deer Hunt - The Kill (\"\"L'Hallali du cerf\"\" in French), is a very large picture (355 by 505 cm), representing a hunting scene, painted in 1867 by Gustave Courbet. The picture is currently on display in the Musée d'Orsay of Paris. The painting was done during the winter of 1866-1867. It is in the large format newly adopted by Courbet, as also in \"\"A Burial at Ornans\"\" and \"\"The Artist's Studio\"\". The work was exhibited at the French art salons and academies of 1869. The picture caused some scandal, major formats being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9837942", "chunk_text": "\"The Forest (2016 film)\"\nfor something \"\"more cerebral than gory slasher films\"\", in the vein of \"\"The Amityville Horror\"\", \"\"Friday the 13th\"\" and \"\"Halloween\"\", as well as the Stephen King adaptations \"\"Cujo\"\", \"\"Pet Sematary\"\" and \"\"The Shining\"\". Principal photography began on May 17, 2015, in Tokyo, Japan. As filming in the Aokigahara forest is not permitted by the government, the filmmakers chose a forest near the Tara Mountain in Serbia to double as the Japanese forest in which the film is set. Poor weather plagued the production in Serbia, and many scenes were shot in a former warehouse. In May 2014, Focus Features acquired", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4650298", "chunk_text": "\"The Revenant (2015 film)\"\nlocations in three countries: Canada, the United States, and Argentina. In Canada, filming took place in Calgary and Fortress Mountain in Alberta, in Kananaskis Country west of Calgary, the Badlands near Drumheller, and at Squamish and Mammoth Studios, Burnaby, in British Columbia. The scenes in the waterfall were filmed at the Kootenai Falls near Libby, Montana. While the initial plan was to film entirely in Canada, the weather was ultimately too warm, leading the filmmakers to locations near the Rio Olivia at the tip of Argentina with snow on the ground, to shoot the film's ending. Crew members often complained", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16151466", "chunk_text": "\"Fís Éireann/Screen Ireland\"\nAcademy Awards 2015), \"\"The Lobster\"\" (Jury Prize, Cannes Film Festival 2015), \"\"Room\"\" (People’s Choice Award, Toronto International Film Festival 2015), \"\"The Killing of a Sacred Deer\"\", and \"\"The Breadwinne\"\"r among many others. From 1994–2004 there were high levels of international film production choosing Ireland as a location for filming as a result of the Irish tax incentive for film and television Section 35, which became Section 481 of the Taxes Consolidated Act, in 1999. Ireland was innovative in introducing a film production tax incentive making Ireland more competitive for film production than its international competitors. As a result of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18877509", "chunk_text": "\"The Shrine (film)\"\nneeds to go. Marcus looks over to the forest where the fog is seen. Not knowing what is really inside the fog, he asks Henryk about it. He is told that the fog and the statue are a curse left long ago on the village that cannot be undone. The devilish statue is shown once more and the screen goes black. The shooting under the direction of s director Jon Knautz began in August 2009 in Pickering, near Toronto, Ontario. and finished in September in Vaughan, Ontario. The Brookstreet Pictures production budget was set at 1.5 million dollars. Jon Knautz", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2436895", "chunk_text": "\"Killing a Deer\"\npainting, that of \"\"The Massacre at Chios\"\" (1824) by Eugène Delacroix \"\"(illustrated)\"\". His influence is reflected particularly through the mounted character. Killing a Deer Killing a Deer or A Deer Hunt - The Kill (\"\"L'Hallali du cerf\"\" in French), is a very large picture (355 by 505 cm), representing a hunting scene, painted in 1867 by Gustave Courbet. The picture is currently on display in the Musée d'Orsay of Paris. The painting was done during the winter of 1866-1867. It is in the large format newly adopted by Courbet, as also in \"\"A Burial at Ornans\"\" and \"\"The Artist's Studio\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "945520", "chunk_text": "\"Outlaw King\"\nwas crowned King Edward II, only to be killed by his own lords. Three hundred years later, Robert's descendant unified the crowns of England and Scotland. Principal photography began on 28 August 2017 on location in both Scotland and England. Filming took place in various locations including Linlithgow Palace & Loch, and St Michael's Parish Church, Borthwick Castle, Doune Castle, Craigmillar Castle, Dunfermline Abbey, Glasgow Cathedral, Muiravonside Country Park, Mugdock Country Park, Aviemore, Isle of Skye (Talisker Bay, Coral Beaches and Loch Dunvegan), Glen Coe, Loch Lomond, Gargunnock, University of Glasgow, Blackness Castle, Seacliff Beach and Berwick-upon-Tweed and Tweedmouth (the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2938259", "chunk_text": "\"The Deer Hunter\"\nnomination (for Best Supporting Actress); she would go on to become the most nominated actor in history. In 1996 it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being \"\"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\"\", and was named the 53rd greatest American film of all time by the American Film Institute in 2007 in their 10th Anniversary Edition of the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list. In the small working class town of Clairton, Pennsylvania, in late 1967, steel workers Mike Vronsky, Steven Pushkov, and Nick Chevotarevich, with the support of their friends", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8611084", "chunk_text": "\"The Watcher in the Woods\"\nThe film was shot primarily at Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire, England, and the surrounding areas. St. Hubert’s Manor, the house used in the film was located near Iver Heath; it has since been deconstructed and turned into apartments. Hough used several locations that are also seen in Robert Wise's \"\"The Haunting\"\", most notably the grand mansion in which John Keller's character lives; this was the same house used for filming \"\"The Haunting\"\" (Ettington Park, Warwickshire). The shoot lasted a total of twelve weeks. During filming, producer Ron Miller would often intervene to tone down intense scenes, leading to \"\"unhappy compromises\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19643000", "chunk_text": "\"The Covered Wagon\"\nlocations, including Palm Springs, California and several places in Nevada and Utah. The dramatic buffalo hunt and buffalo stampede scenes were filmed on Antelope Island, Great Salt Lake, Utah. During filming for the movie, seven bison from the Antelope Island Bison Herd were shot and killed [citation?]. The covered wagons gathered by Paramount from all over the Southwest were not replicas, but the real wagons that had brought the pioneers west. They were cherished heirlooms of the families who owned them. The producers offered the owners $2 a day and feed for their stock if they would bring the wagons", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14246607", "chunk_text": "\"The Silence of the Lambs (film)\"\nan audio tape containing various recordings that serial killers Lawrence Bittaker and Roy Norris had made of themselves raping and torturing a 16-year-old girl. According to Douglas, Glenn wept as he experienced the recordings and even changed his liberal stance on the death penalty. Principal photography for \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" began on November 15, 1989 and concluded on March 1, 1990. Filming primarily took place in and around Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, with some scenes shot in nearby northern West Virginia. The home of Buffalo Bill used for exterior scenes was in Layton, Pennsylvania. The exterior of the Western Center", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14771129", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of the Fall\"\n\"\"Legends of the Fall\"\" was primarily filmed on location in Alberta and British Columbia, Canada. Principal photography began in mid-September 1993. The World War I battlefield scenes took two weeks to film and were shot near Morley, Alberta, with hundreds of locals and a few Canadian Forces soldiers recruited as extras. The Ghost River Wilderness Area in Alberta served as the filming location for the Ludlow ranch; additional outdoor scenes, as well as the funeral and cemetery scenes, were shot at the Bow River near Banff National Park. A historic harbour area in Vancouver called Gastown was augmented with period", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9559715", "chunk_text": "\"Sacred Ground (film)\"\nSacred Ground (film) Sacred Ground is a 1983 western adventure film directed by Charles B. Pierce and starring Tim McIntire, Jack Elam and L. Q. Jones. The film was shot in several outdoor locations in Oregon. Set in the year 1861, Matt Colter, a mountain man is traveling across the great divide with his young Indian bride, Little Doe. They cross paths with a Paiute party, a beautiful young woman Wannetta watches the mountain man and his pretty Indian bride. Ostracized by the white and Indian community, they are forced to leave and find a new home. They come across", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20801531", "chunk_text": "\"The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford\"\nwas cast, and filming began on August 29, 2005 in Calgary. Filming also took place in other parts of Alberta, including McKinnon Flats, Heritage Park, the Fairmont Palliser Hotel, the Kananaskis area, several private ranches and the historical Fort Edmonton Park. The historical town of Creede, Colorado was recreated at a cost of $1 million near Goat Creek in Alberta. Filming also took place in Winnipeg in the city's historic Exchange District; the Burton Cummings Theatre (formerly known as The Walker Theatre) and the Pantages Playhouse Theatre, and concluded in December 2005. The film was initially edited by director Dominik", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12570159", "chunk_text": "\"Heart of Glass (film)\"\nmost of their dialogue, memorised during hypnosis. However, many of the hypnotised actors' gestures and movements occurred spontaneously during filming. The majority of the film was shot in Bavaria, just a few miles from where Herzog was raised in the remote village of Sachrang (nestled in the Chiemgau Alps), and also at a nearby village in Switzerland. Other brief shots of landscape scenes were filmed in various locations around the world that Herzog scouted out, including Yellowstone National Park. The conclusion of the film was shot on the Skellig Islands. Herzog, along with other members of the crew, has a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "927237", "chunk_text": "\"Remember (2015 film)\"\nEgoyan's first and only choice for the part of Zev, stated he was also attracted to the project for its unconventional take to a historic subject. Principal photography began on July 14, 2014, with scenes filmed in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario and northern Ontario. For the scene in which Zev kills John Kurlander, Egoyan intended to use a stunt double for Plummer, but Plummer demanded he perform the scene himself. Plummer later told CBC News, \"\"For a moment, I was a little bit pissed off... Because it made me feel suddenly rather old.\"\" However, he admitted firing the gun \"\"frightened\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1348859", "chunk_text": "\"The Day of the Wolves\"\nZaldy Zshornack was included in the cast by an arrangement with Philippines producer Cirio Santiago in a deal which provided Zshornack's services plus ten thousand dollars in return for the Philippine distribution rights of the finished film. Smokey Roberds, Henry Capps, and Andre Marquis had worked with Grofe on his 1968 Chuck Connors action pic \"\"The Proud, Damned and Dead\"\". \"\"Day of the Wolves\"\" was the first film to be made in Lake Havasu City, Arizona. Filming made use of meager town locations, but completely omitted using the semi-completed London Bridge. Interior shots of the wolves hideout were taken at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6933411", "chunk_text": "\"Ted: För kärlekens skull\"\nsince he considers Kenneth to be the only lyricist who can express Ted's feelings. Kenneth initially declines, but relents and accepts the offer. At the brothers Gärdestad's house, they look back in the nostalgia of what they had done for the past 20 years and record \"\"Himlen är oskyldigt blå\"\". At the end of the film, in the 1990s, Kenneth finds Ted, alone at a building, and persuades him to perform with the backing band at a folkpark. Principal photography began in February 2017 at various locations; Stockholm, Gothenburg, and Trollhättan. Additional filming was done on Tanumshede, a Swedish town", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5310765", "chunk_text": "\"The Three Burials of Melquiades Estrada\"\nresponds with obstinacy. Perkins fires several shots from his pistol around Norton until he breaks down and relents, begging forgiveness from Melquiades. Perkins accepts his outpouring of grief and leaves Norton a horse, and in passing calls him \"\"son\"\". As Perkins rides away, Norton calls out and asks him if he will be okay, suggesting that Norton may have found the redemption his wife had felt he was incapable of having. The film was shot in the following locations: Big Bend National Park, Big Bend Ranch State Park, Lajitas, Midland, Monahans, Odessa, Van Horn, and Redford, all in Texas. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6652955", "chunk_text": "\"Beyond the Gates of Splendor\"\nsame events recounted by the Huaorani interviewees in \"\"Beyond the Gates\"\" were depicted dramatically in \"\"End of the Spear\"\". The film was shot on location in Ecuador; Ocala, Florida; Seattle, Washington; and at Wheaton College. There were also interviews from all five widows (two years before both Marilou McCully and Marj Saint died), members of the search party and members of the Huaorani tribe. The crew spent 17 days in the jungle to interview members of the Huaorani tribe. The Five Widows: The Saint Family: Indians: Others: The film won the Crystal Heart Award at the Heartland Film Festival in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10073093", "chunk_text": "\"Damien: Omen II\"\nscene took place at Graceland Cemetery. Scenes set at a New York City freight yard were also shot in Chicago, with the CBOT Tower and the Willis Tower visible in the background. Other locations included Lake Forest Academy's campus, which was used as the Thorn Mansion, the Northwestern Military and Naval Academy's Geneva Lake campus, which was used for the military academy, with real Geneva Lake students portraying most of the academy cadets, and the Murphy Estate on Catfish Lake in Eagle River, Wisconsin for the skating scene, with local children playing the skaters. The Thorn Museum aka Field Museum", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "315858", "chunk_text": "\"The Sons of Great Bear\"\nhorses refused to be mounted without a saddle and had to be fitted with one, she resigned her post, insisting that Native Americans rode bareback. The author later demanded that her name be removed from the credits, though it remained there. She refused to allow any more of her books to be adapted for the screen after \"\"The Sons of Great Bear\"\", insisting \"\"too many liberties were taken\"\". Principal photography for \"\"The Sons of Great Bear\"\" was conducted in summer 1965, and took place in the Socialist Republic of Montenegro and in the Elbe Sandstone Mountains. It took about two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3767270", "chunk_text": "\"Guns of Purgatory (2016 film)\"\nexponentially grew, as did the personal interest of the writers in their own creation. This project snowballed from its inception, propelled by two men’s inability to walk away from these complex characters and the unforgiving world they created. Guns of Purgatory was filmed on location at the John Scott Ranch in Longview, Alberta, Canada, over 6 consecutive days, with the help of 120 cast and crew members. Principal photography commenced on March 29, 2016 and wrapped April 4th 2016. This film was loosely based on historical accounts and figures, and has been fictionalized for dramatization purposes. Consultations were made with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16903748", "chunk_text": "\"Midsomer Murders\"\nCauston Town Hall is represented by Thame Town Hall. Most episodes have been filmed in villages around Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire counties. The Six Bells, a pub in Warborough, Oxfordshire, repeatedly features as the Black Swan in the Midsomer village of Badger's Drift. The Bull & Butcher, the village pub in Turville near Henley, featured in both \"\"Murder on St.Malley's Day\"\" (renamed as The Spotted Cow) and \"\"Schooled in Murder\"\". Filming took place on Sunday 11 August 2013 at White Waltham Airfield, southwest of Maidenhead, for episode 4 of Series 16, \"\"The Flying Club\"\". In the \"\"Killings of Copenhagen\"\" episode, number", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10875169", "chunk_text": "\"Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (film)\"\nwas initially considered as an alternative because of its earthy scenery and pristine old-world towns, but even though the price was right, the distance between locations proved to be disadvantageous. In the end, the filmmakers opted to shoot most of the film in Catalonia, Spain which, although more expensive than Croatia, offered locations which were closer to each other. Principal photography began on July 12, 2005 at Rolling Thunder Skate Park. and concluded on October 16, 2005. The first fifteen days was spent entirely on the largest stage of Bavaria Film Studios in Munich, shooting the scenes between Baldini and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18089161", "chunk_text": "\"House of Flying Daggers\"\nmonths, Zhang Ziyi lived with a blind girl who had lost her sight at the age of 12 because of a brain tumor. Takeshi Kaneshiro injured his leg when he went horseback riding. As a result, Yimou had Kaneshiro spend two scenes sitting or kneeling down to alleviate the pain, which was stated in Zhang Yimou's audio commentary. Most of the film was shot in Ukraine's Carpathian Mountains (the Hutsul Region National Park), such as the scenes in the snow or birch forests. The cast and production team spent 70 days on location from September to October 2003 and were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3367558", "chunk_text": "\"Movie ranch\"\nto the public permanently. The causes of both fires has not been determined. Big Sky Ranch is a movie ranch located in Simi Valley, California. It has been widely used for the filming of Western television and film productions. Some of the past television episodes and productions filmed there include: \"\"Rawhide\"\", \"\"Gunsmoke\"\", \"\"Bonanza\"\", \"\"Little House on the Prairie\"\", \"\"Highway to Heaven\"\", \"\"Father Murphy\"\", \"\"The Thorn Birds\"\", \"\"Jericho\"\" and \"\"Carnivàle\"\". A fire in 2003 destroyed most of the standing sets, including a replica of the farm house from \"\"Little House on the Prairie\"\" and sets used in the TV series \"\"Gunsmoke\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8148585", "chunk_text": "\"Blood of the Tribades\"\njudgment. Funding for the movie was partially raised through a successful \"\"Kickstarter\"\" campaign. Principal photography took place in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and New York from June 2015 through October 2015. \"\"Blood of the Tribades\"\" has received generally positive reviews. Kevan Farrow of Scream Magazine gave the film 3.5/5 stars, noting, \"\"Blood of the Tribades is both a pretty and fun piece of offbeat melodrama, and an enraged feminist statement.\"\" Andrew Marshall of Starburst Magazine gave the film an 8/10. Daniel XIII of Famous Monsters of Filmland gave 4/5 skulls, noting, \"\"All in all this is one hell of a flick:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8338567", "chunk_text": "\"The Sea of Trees\"\nMay 15, 2014, McConaughey and director Van Sant talked about the upcoming film which was officially slated to start on July 15, Van Sant said, \"\"My latest feelings is to try to shoot in Japan, if it's too difficult, we would probably go to the northwest in the States, where the land is very similar.\"\" The film's budget was set at $25 million with McConaughey receiving a $3.5 million salary. The principal photography of the film began on July 28, 2014, in Foxborough, Massachusetts. The crews were filming deep in the woods in the Purgatory Chasm, Sutton, Massachusetts, where they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14272185", "chunk_text": "\"Into the Wild (film)\"\nin the film were shot in the fall of 2006 on the front lawn of Reed College. Some of the graduation scenes were also filmed during the actual Emory University graduation on May 15, 2006. The Alaska scenes depicting the area around the abandoned bus on the Stampede Trail were filmed south of where McCandless actually died, in the tiny town of Cantwell. Filming at the actual bus would have been too remote for the technical demands of a movie shoot. A replica bus used in the movie is now a tourist attraction at a restaurant in Healy, Alaska. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3787524", "chunk_text": "\"The Deer Hunter\"\nfootage from the war to ensure authenticity. The film was shot over a period of six months. The Clairton scenes comprise footage shot in eight different towns in four states: West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Washington, and Ohio. The initial budget of the film was $8.5 million. Meryl Streep accepted the role of the \"\"vague, stock girlfriend\"\", in order to remain for the duration of filming with John Cazale, who had been diagnosed with lung cancer. De Niro had spotted Streep in her stage production of \"\"The Cherry Orchard\"\" and had suggested that she play his girlfriend Linda. Before the beginning of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3787496", "chunk_text": "\"The Deer Hunter\"\nThe Deer Hunter The Deer Hunter is a 1978 American epic war drama film co-written and directed by Michael Cimino about a trio of steelworkers whose lives were changed forever after they fought in the Vietnam War. The three soldiers are played by Robert De Niro, Christopher Walken, and John Savage, with John Cazale (in his final role), Meryl Streep, and George Dzundza playing supporting roles. The story takes place in Clairton, Pennsylvania, a small working class town on the Monongahela River south of Pittsburgh, and in Vietnam. The film was based in part on an unproduced screenplay called \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2718792", "chunk_text": "\"The Hunted (1995 film)\"\nbefore he found success in Hollywood as the screenwriter of \"\"Pretty Woman\"\" (1990) and \"\"Under Siege\"\" (1992). On a budget of $25 million, the film was shot in Japan and Canada in the period from April 23 to June 30, 1994. The establishing shots were filmed in Nagoya, Japan, during the first two weeks of principal photography. The rest of the film was shot in Vancouver area. Indoor scenes were filmed in two local film studios, while outdoor locations included Queen Elizabeth Park and Lynn Canyon Park. The bullet train fight scene was shot in The Bridge Studios in Burnaby", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4298675", "chunk_text": "\"Saint Ralph\"\nto expel him if he participates, as well as remove Father Hibbert from the priesthood should he try to interfere. Both Ralph and his mentor must then decide how deeply they believe in miracles, and what is possible when a person risks everything without promise of success. Both he and Father Hibbert defy Father Fitzpatrick and decide to go to Boston. Ralph ends up winning second place after a close race with the previous year's winner and gives the medal to his mother who wakes up from her coma. The film was shot on location in Cambridge, Hamilton, and Toronto.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "707120", "chunk_text": "\"Windsor Great Park\"\n\"\"Countryfile\"\" and \"\"Midsomer Murders\"\". In April 2016, scenes from the film \"\"Annihilation\"\" were shot in South Forest, and in June 2018 The Voyage of Doctor Dolittle was location filming there also, and Disney filming with huge lighting cranes at Temple Hill. Windsor Great Park Windsor Great Park is a Royal Park of , including a deer park, to the south of the town of Windsor on the border of Berkshire and Surrey in England. The park was, for many centuries, the private hunting ground of Windsor Castle and dates primarily from the mid-13th century. Historically the park covered an area", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13804959", "chunk_text": "\"I Am Not a Serial Killer (film)\"\nIts budget totals around $1.45 million. Principal photography began in the US state of Minnesota on February 28, 2015. Centered in the town of Virginia on the Mesabi Iron Range, the film's producers had hoped to shoot somewhere in the North and ultimately chose the area—despite the book's setting of North Dakota—in part because of the Iron Range Resources and Rehabilitation Board. Through its Film Production Incentive program, the Board can reimburse almost $93,000 of eligible production costs. Michigan and Ohio were also considered as filming locations. Local extras were utilized as part of the shoot, which concluded on March", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3586068", "chunk_text": "\"The Eiger Sanction (film)\"\ntraveled to Zurich to film the opening scenes of the film around the area of the Grossmünster cathedral and the Limmat river, the Münsterbrücke bridge, the Café Bauschänzli, the Kirchgasse, the Napfgasse, and the Restaurant Karl der Grosse. Eastwood and company returned to the United States to the American Southwest where filming resumed in Zion National Park in Utah, where scenes were shot at Zion-Mount Carmel Highway, Zion Lodge, Checkerboard Mesa, the Narrows, the Hanging Gardens, the bridge over the Virgin River, and the Cave Route below the Cerberus Gendarme. Additional scenes were also shot in Monument Valley at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14489628", "chunk_text": "\"Memoirs of a Geisha (film)\"\nHakone Gardens in Saratoga, and Downtown Los Angeles at the Belasco Theater on Hill Street. Towards the end of production, some scenes were shot in Kyoto, Japan, including the Fushimi Inari Taisha the head shrine of Inari, located in Fushimi-ku, Kyoto. In post-production, one of the tasks of the sound editors was to improve upon the English pronunciation of the international cast. This sometimes involved piecing together different clips of dialogue from other segments of the film to form new syllables from the film's actors, some of whom spoke partially phonetic English when they performed their roles on-set. The achievement", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9095866", "chunk_text": "\"John Wick\"\ngreenlit, and Lionsgate would be selling the film at the Cannes Film Festival. Principal photography on the film began on October 26, 2015, in New York City. It would later move to Rome and later resumed in Montreal, Canada on October 27, 2016. Director Chad Stahelski said some influences for \"\"John Wick\"\" included: \"\"The Good, the Bad and the Ugly\"\" (1966), \"\"Point Blank\"\" (1967), \"\"Le Cercle Rouge\"\" (1970), and \"\"The Killer\"\" (1989). Stahelski said about \"\"The Good, the Bad and the Ugly\"\", \"\"Look at Clint Eastwood in [the film] – there is so much back-story unsaid there. We're big fans", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_258	how much energy does coal produce in the us?	n/a	[ "16.5 quadrillion BTUs", "30.4%" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9054713", "chunk_text": "\"Coal power in the United States\"\nalter the energy direction of the United States energy providers) favors the trend away from coal-fired power plants. Coal power in the United States Coal power in the United States accounted for 39% of the country's electricity production at utility-scale facilities in 2014, 33% in 2015, and 30.4% in 2016 Coal supplied 12.6 quadrillion BTUs of primary energy to electric power plants in 2017, which made up 91% of coal's contribution to US energy supply. Utilities buy more than 90% of the coal consumed in the United States. Coal has been used to generate electricity in the United States since", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6076401", "chunk_text": "\"Coal power in the United States\"\nin 1997 to 45% in 2009. In 2009, there were 1436 coal-powered units at the electrical utilities across the US, with a total nominal capacity of 338.732 GW (compared to 1024 units at nominal 278 GW in 2000). The actual average generated power from coal in 2006 was 227.1 GW (1.991 trillion kilowatt-hours per year), the highest in the world and still slightly ahead of China (1.95 trillion kilowatt-hours per year) at that time. In 2000, the US average production of electricity from coal was 224.3 GW (1.966 trillion kilowatt-hours for the year). In 2006, US electrical generation consumed or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6076399", "chunk_text": "\"Coal power in the United States\"\nCoal power in the United States Coal power in the United States accounted for 39% of the country's electricity production at utility-scale facilities in 2014, 33% in 2015, and 30.4% in 2016 Coal supplied 12.6 quadrillion BTUs of primary energy to electric power plants in 2017, which made up 91% of coal's contribution to US energy supply. Utilities buy more than 90% of the coal consumed in the United States. Coal has been used to generate electricity in the United States since an Edison plant was built in New York City in 1882. The first AC power station was opened", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "276362", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\n278 GW in 2000). Actual power generated from coal in 2006 was 227.1 GW (1.991 trillion kilowatt-hours per year), the highest in the world and still slightly ahead of China (1.95 trillion kilowatt-hours per year) at that time. In 2000, US production of electricity from coal was 224.3 GW (1.966 trillion kilowatt-hours per year). In 2006, the US consumed or 92.3% of coal mined for electricity generation. As of 2013, domestic coal consumption for power production was being displaced by natural gas, but production from strip mines utilizing thick deposits in the western United States such as the Powder River", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2740417", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\nCoal mining in the United States Coal mining in the United States is an industry in transition. Production in 2017 was down 33% from the peak production of 1,162.7 million tons (about 1054.8 million metric tonnes) in 2006. Employment of 50,000 coal miners is down from a peak of 883,000 in 1923. Generation of electricity is the largest user of coal, being used to produce 50% of electric power in 2005 and 30% in 2016. The U.S. is a net exporter of coal. U.S. coal exports, for which Europe is the largest customer, peaked in 2012. In 2015, the U.S.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2740425", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\nterminals raised environmental concerns with respect to global warming. As of February 2016, four proposals for coal terminals had been withdrawn, leaving two still applied for. The withdrawals were ascribed to loss of demand and consequent lower coal prices. In 2013, 92.8 percent of US internal coal consumption was for electricity generation. Other uses were industrial (4.7 percent), coke manufacture (2.3 percent), and commercial and institutional (0.2 percent). In 2016, the EIA calculated that coal would provide 30% of electricity generation nationwide with natural gas providing 34%, nuclear, 19%, and renewables, 15%. Both the tonnage of coal used for electricity", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "276361", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\n(1,047 million short tons) and the amount of US electricity generated from coal (2.02 million GWh) peaked in 2007. By 2015, electrical generation from coal had declined to 1.36 million GWh, and coal's share of total electrical generation in the US fell from 48.5 percent in 2007 to 33.1 percent in 2015. Most of the decrease in coal electricity was offset by an increase in generation from natural gas-fired power plants. In 2006, there were 1,493 coal-powered generating units at electrical utilities across the US, with total nominal capacity of 335.8 GW (compared to 1024 units at nominal capacity of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4713072", "chunk_text": "\"Energy Conservation Program for Consumer Products\"\nto about 2.52 quadrillion BTU's of energy produced from fossil fuels being abated every year because of these performance standards, or 750,000,000,000 kWh. Production of electricity from coal creates 2.095 pounds of carbon dioxide per kWh, from natural gas 1.321 pounds of carbon dioxide per kWh, and from petroleum 1.969 pounds of carbon dioxide per kWh. This equates to about 500 million tons of carbon dioxide from coal, 160 million tons of carbon dioxide from natural gas, and 10 million tons of carbon dioxide from petroleum. For a total of about 670 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions abated in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12970483", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\nasked why they are participating in the opposition of the coal industry, many women reference their identities as mothers as well as Appalachians. The United States has 477 billion tons of demonstrable reserves. The energy content of this coal exceeds that of oil and gas. Coal mining in the United States Coal mining in the United States is an industry in transition. Production in 2017 was down 33% from the peak production of 1,162.7 million tons (about 1054.8 million metric tonnes) in 2006. Employment of 50,000 coal miners is down from a peak of 883,000 in 1923. Generation of electricity", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6076402", "chunk_text": "\"Coal power in the United States\"\n92.3% of the coal mined in the US. Due to emergence of shale gas, coal consumption declined from 2009. In the first quarter of 2012, the use of coal for electricity generation declined substantially more, 21% from 2011 levels. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, 27 gigawatts of capacity from coal-fired generators is to be retired from 175 coal-fired power plants between 2012 and 2016. Natural gas showed a corresponding increase, increasing by a third over 2011. Coal's share of electricity generation dropped to just over 36%. Coal use continues to decline rapidly through November 2015 with its share", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3874438", "chunk_text": "\"Energy in the United States\"\nMisc (including pumped storage) 7.22 TWh (0.18%). United States renewable sources (hydro reported separately) are wind, 226.99 TWh (5.49%); wood, 40.95 TWh (0.99%); other biomass, 21.81 TWh (0.53% ); geothermal, 15.83 TWh (0.38%) and solar, 36.05 TWh (0.87%). Small scale solar is estimated to have produced an additional 12.77 TWh. Natural gas electricity generation exceeded generation from coal for the first time in 2016. The following tables summarize the electrical energy generated by fuel source for the United States. Data from Electric Power Annual 2016 was used throughout this section. Note: Biomass includes wood and wood derived fuel, landfill gas,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9054706", "chunk_text": "\"Coal power in the United States\"\nthe state's coal plants (max. output 8 GW), and they contribute about a quarter of the state's electricity. The cost of transporting coal may be around $20 for trains, or $5–6 for barge and truck. A 2015 study by a consortium of environmental organizations concluded that US Government subsidies for coal production are around $8/ton for the Powder River Basin. In 2018, 16 of the 50 Federal States of the US had either no coal power in their power production for the public power supply (California, Idaho, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Vermont), less than 5% coal in power production Connecticut,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9054708", "chunk_text": "\"Coal power in the United States\"\nfacilities hold the noncombustible ingredients of coal and the ash trapped by equipment designed to reduce air pollution. Byproducts of coal plants have been linked to acid rain. 86 coal powered plants have a capacity of 107.1 GW, or 9.9% of total U.S. electric capacity, they emitted 5,389,592 tons of SO in 2006 – which represents 28.6% of U.S. SO emissions from all sources. Emissions from electricity generation account for the largest share of U.S. greenhouse gases, 38.9% of U.S. production of carbon dioxide in 2006 (with transportation emissions close behind, at 31%). Although coal power only accounted for 49%", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6525712", "chunk_text": "\"Fossil fuel power station\"\nfactors based on actual emissions from power plants in the European Union. Electricity generation using carbon-based fuels is responsible for a large fraction of carbon dioxide (CO) emissions worldwide and for 34% of U.S. man-made carbon dioxide emissions in 2010. In the U.S. 70% of electricity is generated by combustion of fossil fuels. Coal contains more carbon than oil or natural gas fossil fuels, resulting in greater volumes of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of electricity generated. In 2010, coal contributed about 81% of CO emissions from generation and contributed about 45% of the electricity generated in the United States.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3874437", "chunk_text": "\"Energy in the United States\"\nchart provides the details. The graphic shows each import states situation with respect to electric energy consumption being greater than its generation. United States has an installed electricity generation capacity of 1,074.3 GW. The electricity generation was 4,076.8 TWh in 2016. United States net imports were 60.27 TWh, for a total of 4,137.1 TWh of electrical energy use. Electrical energy generated from coal was 1,239.15 TWh (29.95%); Natural and other Gases, 1,391.11 TWh (33.63%); Nuclear, 805.69 TWh (19.47%); Hydro, 269.81 TWh (6.47%); Renewables (other than Hydro), 341.64 TWh (8.26%); Imports less exports, 60.27 TWh (1.46%); Petroleum, 24.20 TWh (0.59%); and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6076400", "chunk_text": "\"Coal power in the United States\"\nby General Electric in Ehrenfeld, Pennsylvania in 1902, servicing the Webster Coal and Coke Company. By the mid-20th century, coal had become the leading fuel for generating electricity in the US. The long, steady rise of coal-fired generation of electricity shifted to a decline after 2007. The decline has been linked to the increased availability of natural gas, decreased consumption, renewable power, and more stringent environmental regulations. The Environmental Protection Agency has advanced restrictions on coal plants to counteract mercury pollution, smog, and global warming. The average share of electricity generated from coal in the US has dropped from 52.8%", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4956769", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\nexported 7.0 percent of mined coal. Coal remains an important factor in the 25 states in which it is mined. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), in 2015 Wyoming, West Virginia, Kentucky, Illinois, and Pennsylvania produced about 639 millions of short tons (MST) representing 71% of total U.S. coal production in the United States. In 2015, four publicly-traded US coal companies filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, including Patriot Coal Corporation, Walter Energy, and the fourth-largest Alpha Natural Resources. By January 2016, more than 25% of coal production was in bankruptcy in the United States including the top", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14297577", "chunk_text": "\"Peak coal\"\nthe US has declined as mining shifts to coals of lower rank. Although the tonnage of coal mined in the United States reached its latest peak in 2008, the peak in terms of coal energy content occurred in 1998, at 598 Millions of metric tons of oil equivalent (Mtoe); by 2005 this had fallen to 576 Mtoe, or about 4% lower. Australia has substantial coal resources, mostly brown coal. It is responsible for almost 40% of global coal exports worldwide, and much of its current electricity is generated from coal-fired power stations. There are tentative plans to very slowly phase", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4956771", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\nincreased to 773 million short tons. In 2016, US coal mining declined to 728.2 million short tons, down 37 percent from the peak production of 1,172 million tons in 2008. In 2015, 896.9 million short tons of coal were mined in the United States, with an average price of $31.83 per short ton, worth $28.6 billion. \"\"1 short ton = 0.907184 metric tonnes\"\" The three regions producing the largest amount of coal are Powder River Basin of Wyoming and Montana, the Appalachian Basin and the Illinois Basin. In the United States, coal production declined from 2008 but the decline was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12389367", "chunk_text": "\"Fossil fuel phase-out\"\nScotland. In 2017, fossil fuels provided 81 percent of the energy consumed in the United States, down from 86 percent in 2000. In 2007, 154 new coal-fired plants were on the drawing board in 42 states. By 2012, that had dropped to 15, mostly due to new rules limiting mercury emissions, and limiting carbon emissions to 1,000 pounds of CO per megawatt-hour of electricity produced. In July 2013, US Secretary of Energy Ernest Moniz outlined Obama administration policy on fossil fuels: Then-US Energy Secretary Steven Chu and researchers for the US National Renewable Energy Laboratory have noted that greater electrical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4898569", "chunk_text": "\"Health effects of coal ash\"\nand uranium. In the United States, approximately 44.6 percent of electricity is produced from over 450 coal-fired power plants. In 2012, approximately 110 million tons of coal ash was produced from the coal that was burned in the United States. However, more than half of the coal ash produced is dumped into surface impoundments (wet storage) or landfills (dry storage). Specifically, there are approximately 1,070 coal ash waste ponds and about 435 landfill sites located throughout the United States. The major problem of these disposal sites is the toxicity of coal ash escaping and causing harm to humans and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9054704", "chunk_text": "\"Coal power in the United States\"\naround 33.6%. The coal plants are mostly base-load plants with typical utilisation rates of 50% to 60% (relating to full load hours). As of July 7, 2011, utility companies will shut down and retire aging coal-fired power plants following the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) announcement of the Cross-State Air Pollution Rule (CSAP). The extent of shutdowns and reduction in utilization will depend on factors such as future price of natural gas and cost of installation of pollution control equipment; however, as of 2013, the future of coal-fired power plants in the United States did not appear promising. Recent estimates gauge", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12489256", "chunk_text": "Coal\nis roughly 24 megajoules per kilogram (approximately 6.7 kilowatt-hours per kg). For a coal power plant with a 40% efficiency, it takes an estimated of coal to power a 100 W lightbulb for one year. 27.6% of world energy was supplied by coal in 2017 and Asia used almost three quarters of it. Coke is a solid carbonaceous residue derived from coking coal (a low-ash, low-sulfur bituminous coal, also known as metallurgical coal), which is used in manufacturing steel and other iron products. Coke is made from coking coal by baking in an oven without oxygen at temperatures as high", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12489298", "chunk_text": "Coal\nmaximum. As of 2018 global peak coal consumption is predicted to occur by the early 2020s at the latest. Coal-fired generation puts out about twice the amount of carbon dioxide—around a tonne for every megawatt hour generated—than electricity generated by burning natural gas at 500 kg of greenhouse gas per megawatt hour. In addition to generating electricity, natural gas is also popular in some countries for heating and as an automotive fuel. The use of coal in the United Kingdom declined as a result of the development of North Sea oil and the subsequent dash for gas during the 1990s.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16314832", "chunk_text": "\"Fossil fuel power station\"\nInformation Administration, 27 gigawatts of capacity from coal-fired generators is to be retired from 175 US coal-fired power plants before 2016. Natural gas showed a corresponding jump, increasing by a third over 2011. Some coal power plants such as the 1200 MW Hearn Generating Station have stopped burning coal by switching the plant to natural gas. Coal's share of electricity generation dropped to just over 36%. Natural gas accounted for 81% of new power generation in the US between 2000 and 2010. Coal-fired generation puts out about twice the amount of carbon dioxide - around 2,000 pounds for every megawatt", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6122773", "chunk_text": "\"Energy policy of the United States\"\nsince 1978. Most electricity (52% in 2000) in the country is generated from coal-fired power plants: in 2006, more than 90% of coal consumed was used to generate electricity. In 1950, about 19% percent of the coal consumed was for electricity generation. In terms of the production of energy from domestic sources, from 1885 through 1951, coal was the leading source of energy in the United States. Crude oil and natural gas then vied for that role until 1982. Coal regained the position of the top domestic resource that year and again in 1984, and has retained it since. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14460785", "chunk_text": "\"Energy in the United States\"\nEnergy in the United States The United States was the second-largest energy consumer in 2010 (after China) considering total use. The nation is ranked seventh in energy consumption per-capita after Canada and several small nations. Not included is the significant amount of energy used overseas in the production of retail and industrial goods consumed in the U.S. Most of this energy comes from fossil fuels: in 2010, data showed that 25% of the nation's energy originates from petroleum, 22% from coal, and 22% from natural gas. Nuclear power supplied 8.4% and renewable energy supplied 8%, mainly from hydroelectric dams and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3874415", "chunk_text": "\"Energy in the United States\"\nEnergy in the United States The United States was the second-largest energy consumer in 2010 (after China) considering total use. The nation is ranked seventh in energy consumption per-capita after Canada and several small nations. Not included is the significant amount of energy used overseas in the production of retail and industrial goods consumed in the U.S. Most of this energy comes from fossil fuels: in 2010, data showed that 25% of the nation's energy originates from petroleum, 22% from coal, and 22% from natural gas. Nuclear power supplied 8.4% and renewable energy supplied 8%, mainly from hydroelectric dams and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1345125", "chunk_text": "\"Synthetic fuels in the United States\"\nhundred years. In terms of energy obtained, coal peaked in 1998 and though production volumes have increased, the net energy has not, which could be explained by decreasing production of high quality coal, such as bituminous and anthracite. U.S. reserves are approximately 45% bituminous and anthracite. The energy value of all the world's known recoverable coal is 27 zettajoules, which is expected to last 164 years. (See \"\"Coal\"\") Of that, U.S. reserves alone comprise 7.02 zettajoules. The U.S. DOE estimates coal reserves at 1,081,279 million short tons (9.81 × 1014 kg), or about 4,786 billion (4.7 trillion) barrels of oil", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12970470", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\nfourth with 56.1 or 6% and Pennsylvania was fifth with 50.0 or 6%. As of 2014, twenty-five states produced coal. The coal-producing states were, in descending order, with annual production in millions of short tons: The hardest coal, anthracite, originally used for steel production, heating, and as fuel for ships and railroads, had by 2000 dwindled to an insignificant portion of production. Softer bituminous coal replaced anthracite for steel production. The even softer sub-bituminous and lignite coals overtook bituminous in the 2000s. In 2014, the production owned by the top ten companies was 72.6% of total US coal production. By", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9054709", "chunk_text": "\"Coal power in the United States\"\nof the U.S. electricity production in 2006, it was responsible for 83% of CO emissions caused by electricity generation that year, or 1,970 Tg of CO emissions. Further 130 Tg of CO were released by other industrial coal-burning applications. Click Here to see a graph displaying CO emissions from coal powered plants. U.S. coal-fired electricity-generating power plants owned by utilities emitted an estimated 48 tons of mercury in 1999, the largest source of man-made mercury pollution in the U.S. In 1995-96, this accounted for 32.6% of all mercury emitted into the air by human activity in the U.S. In addition,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2740423", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\nfor solar photovoltaic employment because of the rapid rise in U.S. solar jobs. A recent study indicated that this was technically possible and would account for only 5% of the industrial revenue from a single year to provide coal workers with job security in the energy industry as whole. The U.S. is a net exporter of coal. US net coal exports increased ninefold from 2006 to 2012, peaked at 117 million short tons in 2012, and were 97 million short tons in 2017. In 2015, 60% of net US exports went to Europe, 27% to Asia. The largest individual country", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4956778", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\nto lack of competitive bidding. The Institute’s mission statement notes that its goals include: “… to reduce dependence on coal and other non-renewable energy resources.” The average heat content of mined US coal has declined over the years as higher-rank coal production (anthracite, and then bituminous coal) declined, and production of lower rank coal (Sub-bituminous and lignite) increased. The average heat content of US-mined coal decreased 21% from 1950 to 2016, and 6.8% in the 20 years from 1996 to 2016. The tonnage of mined coal hit a peak in 2008, and has declined since. The energy value of mined", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18692453", "chunk_text": "\"21st-century fossil fuel regulations in the United States\"\ngas, coal production has been declining since 2008. Currently the U.S. occupies five major basins or regions where coal is produced. The U.S. Energy Information Administration released coal production data of 2016 in January, reporting a 17% decrease from 2015 levels. As coal is projected to remain a key energy resource, regulations concerning environmental pollution increase. The Environmental Protection Administration monitors and controls the emissions from coal-fired power plants to ensure public health and air quality. Coal production and consumption generates various environmental impacts such as the release of greenhouse gases. There are around 1,100 major electric power plants, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3874428", "chunk_text": "\"Energy in the United States\"\na net exporter of coal. Coal exports, for which Europe is the largest customer, peaked in 2012, and have declined since. In 2015, the U.S. exported 7.0% of mined coal. Coal has been used to generate electricity in the United States since an Edison plant was built in New York City in 1882. The first AC power station was opened by General Electric in Ehrenfeld, Pennsylvania in 1902, servicing the Webster Coal and Coke Company. By the mid-20th century, coal had become the leading fuel for generating electricity in the US. The long, steady rise of coal-fired generation of electricity", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4956770", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining in the United States\"\ntwo producers Peabody Energy and Arch Coal. When Arch Coal filed for bankruptcy protection, the price of coal had dropped 50% since 2011 and it was $4.5 billion in debt. On October 5, 2016, Arch Coal emerged from chapter 11 bankruptcy protection. In October 2018, Westmoreland Coal Company filed for bankruptcy protection. Coal, primarily from underground mines east of the Mississippi was the nation's primary fuel source until the early 1950s. Surface (strip) and mountaintop removal mining overtook underground mines in the 1970s. In 2000, the majority of coal was produced west of the Mississippi. In 2017, U.S. coal mining", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17269215", "chunk_text": "\"Environmental impact of the coal industry\"\nshorten approximately 1,000,000 lives annually worldwide. A 2004 study commissioned by environmental groups, but contested by the US EPA, concluded that coal burning costs 24,000 lives a year in the United States. More recently, an academic study estimated that the premature deaths from coal related air pollution was about 52,000. When compared to electricity produced from natural gas via hydraulic fracturing, coal electricity is 10-100 times more toxic, largely due to the amount of particulate matter emitted during combustion. When coal is compared to solar photovoltaic generation, the latter could save 51,999 American lives per year if solar were to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14297567", "chunk_text": "\"Peak coal\"\npeak coal is the point in time at which the maximum global coal production rate is reached, after which, according to the theory, the rate of production will enter a terminal decline. Coal is a fossil fuel formed from plant matter over the course of millions of years. It is a finite resource and thus considered to be a non-renewable energy source. There are two different possible peaks: one measured by mass (i.e. metric tons) and another by energy output (i.e. petajoules). The world average heat content per mass of mined coal rose from 8,020 BTU/lb. in 1989 to 9,060", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12489281", "chunk_text": "Coal\nor surface fire. Lightning strikes are an important source of ignition. The coal continues to burn slowly back into the seam until oxygen (air) can no longer reach the flame front. A grass fire in a coal area can set dozens of coal seams on fire. Coal fires in China burn an estimated 120 million tons of coal a year, emitting 360 million metric tons of CO, amounting to 2–3% of the annual worldwide production of CO from fossil fuels. In Centralia, Pennsylvania (a borough located in the Coal Region of the United States), an exposed vein of anthracite ignited", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12987744", "chunk_text": "\"World energy consumption\"\n36% of oil export in 2011. The table to the right shows the amounts of energy consumed worldwide in 2012 by four sectors, according to the Energy Information Administration of the US Department of Energy: Of the total 120 PWh () consumed, 19.4 were in the form of electricity, but this electricity required 61.7 PWh to produce. Thus the total energy consumption was around 160 PWh (ca ). The efficiency of a typical existing power plant is around 38%. The new generation of gas-fired plants reaches a substantially higher efficiency of 55%. Coal is the most common fuel for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17238262", "chunk_text": "\"Clean Power Plan\"\nbillion from 2020–2030. The plan would create 30 percent more renewable energy generation in 2030 and help to lower the costs of renewable energy. It also would create hundreds of thousands of jobs, according to the NRDC. According to the Energy Information Administration (EIA), coal in 2015 in the United States produced 1,364,000,000 metric tons of . This amounted to 71% of emissions from the electric power sector. By switching this coal generation to a cleaner source such as wind power, emissions could be significantly reduced. In addition, evidence suggests that wind power now has a lower cost of production", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6525713", "chunk_text": "\"Fossil fuel power station\"\nIn 2000, the carbon intensity (CO emissions) of U.S. coal thermal combustion was 2249 lbs/MWh (1,029 kg/MWh) while the carbon intensity of U.S. oil thermal generation was 1672 lb/MWh (758 kg/MWh or 211 kg/GJ) and the carbon intensity of U.S. natural gas thermal production was 1135 lb/MWh (515 kg/MWh or 143 kg/GJ). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports that increased quantities of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide within the atmosphere will \"\"very likely\"\" lead to higher average temperatures on a global scale (global warming). Concerns regarding the potential for such warming to change the global climate prompted IPCC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6122774", "chunk_text": "\"Energy policy of the United States\"\nUS burns 1 billion tons of coal every year. Concern for climate change has led to a call for a moratorium on all coal consumption, unless carbon capture is utilized. Coal is the largest potential source of CO emissions. Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) is the cleanest currently operational coal-fired electricity generation technology. FutureGen is an experimental U.S. research project to investigate the possibility of sequestering IGCC CO emissions underground. Natural gas production and consumption quadrupled between 1950 and 1970 to , but declined steadily to stabilize in 1986. Since then, the United States imports a rising share of its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3874418", "chunk_text": "\"Energy in the United States\"\nit had eclipsed wood as the nation's primary energy source. Coal remained dominant for the next seven decades, but by 1950, it was surpassed in turn by both petroleum and natural gas. The 1973 oil embargo precipitated an energy crisis in the United States. In 2007, coal consumption was the highest it has ever been, with it mostly being used to generate electricity. Natural gas has replaced coal as the preferred source of heating in homes, businesses and industrial furnaces, which burns cleaner and is easier to transport. Although total energy use increased by approximately a factor of 50 between", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16314833", "chunk_text": "\"Fossil fuel power station\"\nhour generated - than electricity generated by burning natural gas at 1,100 pounds of greenhouse gas per megawatt hour. As the fuel mix in the United States has changed to reduce coal and increase natural gas generation, carbon dioxide emissions have unexpectedly fallen. Carbon dioxide measured in the first quarter of 2012 was the lowest recorded of any year since 1992. The list of natural gas power stations has over 100 power stations that generate between 100 MW and 5,600 MW of electricity. Natural gas plants are increasing in popularity and in 2014 generated 22% of the worlds total electricity.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16264248", "chunk_text": "\"Coalbed methane in the United States\"\nCoalbed methane in the United States The 2011 production of coalbed methane in the United States was 1.76 trillion cubic feet (TCF), 7.3 percent of all US dry gas production that year. The 2011 production was down from the peak of 1.97 TCF in 2008. Most coalbed methane production came from the Rocky Mountain states of Colorado, Wyoming, and New Mexico. Coalbed methane reserve estimates vary; however a 1997 estimate from the U.S. Geological Survey predicts more than of methane within the US. At a natural gas price of US$6.05 per million Btu (US$5.73/GJ), that volume is worth US$4.37 trillion.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3874427", "chunk_text": "\"Energy in the United States\"\n2014. The US has been the world's leading producer of natural gas liquids since 2010, when US NGL production passed that of Saudi Arabia. Although the United States leads the world in natural gas production, it is only fifth in proved reserves of natural gas, behind Russia, Iran, Qatar, and Turkmenistan. Generation of electricity is the largest user of coal, although its use is in decline. About 50% of electric power was produced by coal in 2005, declining to 30% in 2016. Electric utilities buy more than 90% of the coal consumed in the United States. The United States is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16334878", "chunk_text": "\"Coal mining\"\n117 million short tons in 2012, then declined to 63 million tons in 2015. In 2015, 60% of net US exports went to Europe, 27% to Asia.US coal production increasingly comes from strip mines in the western United States, such as from the Powder River Basin in Wyoming and Montana. Coal has come under continued price pressure from natural gas and renewable energy sources, which has resulted in a rapid decline of coal in the U.S. and several notable bankruptcies including Peabody Energy. On 13 April 2016 it reported, that its revenue had reduced by 17 percent as coal prices", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12489284", "chunk_text": "Coal\ndioxide, a greenhouse gas that causes climate change and global warming. Coal is the largest contributor to the human-made increase of CO in the atmosphere, 40% of the total. In 2016 world gross carbon dioxide emissions from coal usage were 14.5 giga tonnes. For every megawatt-hour generated, coal-fired electric power generation emits around a tonne of carbon dioxide, which is double the approximately 500 kg of carbon dioxide released by a natural gas-fired electric plant. In 2013, the head of the UN climate agency advised that most of the world's coal reserves should be left in the ground to avoid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9671503", "chunk_text": "\"Environmental impact of nuclear power\"\nthe uranium is kept out of the environment. “About 73 percent of emissions-free electricity in the United States comes from nuclear plants.” Nuclear energy produces far less carbon dioxide than coal, 9 grams per kilowatt hour compared with 790–1017 grams per kilowatt hour for coal. Also, nuclear energy produces the same amount if not less greenhouse gasses than renewable resources. Like all energy sources, various life cycle analysis (LCA) studies have led to a range of estimates on the median value for nuclear power, with most comparisons of carbon dioxide emissions show nuclear power as comparable to renewable energy sources.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_259	who was the killer in the movie i know what you did last summer?	n/a	[ "Ben Willis" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853241", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nI Know What You Did Last Summer I Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Jim Gillespie, written by Kevin Williamson, and starring Jennifer Love Hewitt, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Ryan Phillippe, and Freddie Prinze Jr., with Anne Heche, Bridgette Wilson, and Johnny Galecki appearing in supporting roles. Loosely based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan, the film centers on four young friends who are stalked by a hook-wielding killer one year after covering up a car accident in which they were involved. The film also draws inspiration from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853275", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nIt was also spoofed in \"\"The Simpsons\"\" \"\"Treehouse of Horror X\"\" as “I Know What You Diddly-Did”, with Ned Flanders as the killer. I Know What You Did Last Summer I Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1997 American slasher film directed by Jim Gillespie, written by Kevin Williamson, and starring Jennifer Love Hewitt, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Ryan Phillippe, and Freddie Prinze Jr., with Anne Heche, Bridgette Wilson, and Johnny Galecki appearing in supporting roles. Loosely based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan, the film centers on four young friends who are stalked", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853246", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nCity. The girls take the note to Barry, who immediately suspects Max. They confront Max on the docks, and Barry threatens him with a hook. Julie meets Ray, who is now working as a fisherman; he unsuccessfully tries to reconcile with her. Later, Max is killed by a figure in a rain slicker wielding a hook. Barry discovers a note in his gym locker saying, \"\"I know.\"\" He is then ambushed by the same assailant driving Barry's car. Meanwhile, Julie researches newspaper articles which lead her to believe the man they ran over was a local named David Egan. Helen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3447433", "chunk_text": "\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nthem to his jeep; in the back lies Zoe's body. The Fisherman advances towards Haffner, who shoots him several times, but the Fisherman does not budge and impales Haffner on a forklift. Amber and Lance get into the car and run the fisherman down. He gets up, however, and reveals himself to be an undead Ben Willis, the man who committed the original murders 10 years ago. Willis then teleports to the car and attacks them, but is cut by a hook Amber was wielding, causing him to disappear. Amber and Lance go to face Willis, deducing that the hook", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15639319", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nI Still Know What You Did Last Summer I Still Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1998 American-Mexican slasher film and a sequel to the 1997 film \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\". Directed by Danny Cannon, the film was written by Trey Callaway, and features characters originally created in Lois Duncan's 1973 novel \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\". Jennifer Love Hewitt, Freddie Prinze, Jr. and Muse Watson reprise their roles, with Brandy, Mekhi Phifer, Jennifer Esposito, and Matthew Settle joining the cast. \"\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" continues after the events", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20734308", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\npolice officer but finds no sign of the killer or Barry. A police officer escorts Helen home, but the killer lures him into an alley and murders him. Helen flees to her nearby family store, where her sister Elsa is closing for the night. The killer enters the store and murders Elsa. Helen is chased to the third floor of the building and escapes through a window, falling to a long alleyway. She manages to run toward the street, but the killer stops her and slashes her to death, her screams being drowned out by the sound of the oncoming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20971581", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nparade. Julie finds an article mentioning Susie's father, Ben Willis, and realizes that Ben was the man they ran over, moments after he had killed David to avenge his daughter. She then goes to the docks to tell Ray, but he refuses to believe her. Julie notices Ray's boat is called \"\"Billy Blue\"\" and runs away. Ben appears, knocking Ray unconscious, and invites Julie to hide on his boat. On the boat, she finds photos and articles about her friends and her, and pictures of Susie. Ben's boat leaves the docks, and he begins tormenting Julie, chasing her below deck;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20734314", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nthe producers, director Gillespie, and writer Williamson unanimously agreed upon. Initially, Hewitt was considered for the role of Helen. For the role of Barry, the crew had envisioned an actor with a \"\" quarterback\"\" appearance, as the character had been written as an intimidating figure. Ryan Phillipe was ultimately cast in the part based on his audition, despite the fact that he was not as physically tall as the script had called for. Director Gillespie chose Freddie Prinze, Jr. for the role of Ray, because he felt Prinze himself had an \"\"everyman\"\" quality much like the character. Sarah Michelle Gellar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4880806", "chunk_text": "\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nboyfriend Colby Patterson (David Paetkau) and her friends Zoe (Torrey DeVitto), Roger (Seth Packard), and P.J. (Clay Taylor) stage a prank at the town carnival. Roger impersonates the \"\"Fisherman\"\" killer, with the hook Roger says Ben Willis originally used. Afterward, they see everyone staring at P.J.'s body impaled on a pipe. The public believes the Fisherman to be behind it. Colby convinces his friends to burn the evidence and make a pact to keep it secret. One year later, in 2006, Amber returns to town to discover that Colby never left to pursue his scholarship. She goes up to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1024928", "chunk_text": "\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nin the stomach and then thrown over a balcony to her death. As Amber and Lance make their way up to the balcony to find Zoe's corpse, P.J's dad, the sheriff, comes in, only to be pulled into the darkness to his death. The Fisherman then attacks Colby in the kitchen, who grabs a butcher knife and stabs the Fisherman in the back, but he appears completely unharmed. Colby flees but the Fisherman breaks through a window and hooks him in the mouth. Outside, Deputy Haffner reveals that Roger told him about the accident, arrests Amber and Lance and escorts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8014548", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer (film series)\"\nRay Bronson who left him for dead, as well as cause even more murder and mayhem, this time at a posh island resort. A group of teenagers in Colorado find themselves being stalked and killed one by one by a mysterious figure with a hook, exactly one year after they covered up a friend's accidental death. On September 14, 2014, Sony reported that they have plans to remake the film; Mike Flanagan and Jeff Howard are writing a script. In a June 1, 2016, Blumhouse.com \"\"Shockwaves\"\" podcast, writer Mike Flanagan revealed and further confirmed this new iteration and reimagination of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15639321", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nin Boston, to avoid returning to her hometown of Southport, North Carolina. She suffers from memories and nightmares of the accident and brutal murders of her friends by the vengeful fisherman, Ben Willis, from the summer before. Julie's roommate Karla Wilson receives a phone call from a local radio station, and wins an all-expenses-paid vacation to the Bahamas for the Fourth of July weekend. Julie invites her boyfriend, Ray Bronson. He declines, but later changes his mind and plans to show up as a surprise and propose. That evening, Ray and his co-worker Dave drive to Boston to meet Julie.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3699092", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Williamson (screenwriter)\"\nfilm, \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\", based on a 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan. Centered on four high school friends who accidentally run over a man and dump his body in an attempt to go on with their lives, the plot focuses on the four friends a year after the accident when they become the victims of a serial stalker. Despite receiving negative reviews from critics, the film was a box office success and helped launch the careers of actors Jennifer Love Hewitt, Freddie Prinze, Jr., Sarah Michelle Gellar, and Ryan Phillippe, going on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15639322", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nThey stop due to a BMW and body in the middle of the road. Ray discovers that the body is a mannequin dressed in fisherman's clothing. Suddenly, Ben Willis appears and kills Dave with his hook. Ben takes Ray's truck and chases him down the road. Ray gets away, but he is injured from falling down a hill. The next morning, Julie and Karla depart on the trip with Karla’s boyfriend Tyrell and their friend, Will Benson. The group arrives at the hotel in Tower Bay, only to find that other guests are leaving due to the imminent hurricane season.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3447434", "chunk_text": "\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nmight hurt him. They are again attacked by Willis and chased into a warehouse. In the fight that follows, Amber stabs Willis in the head with the hook and pushes him into a snow blower, which apparently kills him. A year later, in 2007, Amber is driving across the desert, talking to Lance on the phone when a tire blows out. She stops the car, and loses phone reception. Willis appears behind her. The screen goes black as Amber's scream is cut off by the slicing sound of the hook. Director Sylvain White was brought in as a last-minute replacement", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20971582", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nthere, she uncovers the bodies of Helen and Barry in the boat's ice box. Ray regains consciousness and steals a motorboat to rescue Julie. He ultimately uses the rigging to sever Ben's hand and send him overboard. When Julie and Ray are questioned by the police, they deny knowing why Ben attempted to kill them, but they are relieved not to have actually killed anyone the previous summer, and reconcile. A year later, Julie is in college in Boston. As she enters the shower, she notices the words \"\"I still know\"\" on the mirror. Moments later, a dark figure crashes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8647809", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer (novel)\"\nI Know What You Did Last Summer (novel) I Know What You Did Last Summer (1973) is a suspense novel for young adults by Lois Duncan. It was later adapted into the film of the same name. In an unnamed town, high-school senior Julie James receives a sinister note from an elusive stalker telling her, \"\"I know what you did last summer.\"\" The note refers to events of the previous year, when Julie, her boyfriend Ray Bronson, Ray's best friend Barry Cox, and Barry's girlfriend and Julie's best friend Helen Rivers accidentally ran over and killed a young boy named", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15639332", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nEstes explains that Ben and his wife Sarah had two children: son Will and daughter Susie. Ben murdered Sarah in the hotel room that Julie is staying in when he found out about her affair and her plans to leave him with their children. Estes goes missing, and Will volunteers to find him. Julie, Karla, and Tyrell return to the hotel and gather supplies to defend themselves. They head to the hotel kitchen for something to eat, and find Nancy, the bartender, hiding in the freezer. Will finds Estes, but he attacks Will while Ray takes a boat to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853251", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nthrough it as Julie screams in horror. \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" was a screenplay penned by Kevin Williamson several years beforehand, which was then rushed into production by Columbia Pictures upon the success of the Williamson-written \"\"Scream\"\" (1996). It was based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan, a youth-oriented suspense novel about four young people who are involved in a hit-and-run accident involving a young boy. Producer Erik Feig pitched the idea of a screen adaptation to Mandalay Entertainment, and subsequently appointed Williamson to retool the core elements of Duncan's novel, rendering", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15639335", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nto stab Ray, he accidentally kills Will instead. While Ben is distraught from killing his son, Julie takes a gun and shoots him in the chest. Ben falls dead into the grave made for Julie. Back at the hotel, Karla is found alive. The three are rescued by the coast guard. Sometime later, Ray and Julie have married and are in their new home. Ray is brushing his teeth before bed and Julie is in their bedroom. The bathroom door is quietly shut and locked while Ray is occupied. Julie sits down on her bed, looks in the mirror, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853248", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nabout the recent events. Ray claims to have received a threatening letter as well. Julie goes back to visit Missy, while Barry and Helen go to participate in the Fourth of July parade. Missy reveals David allegedly committed suicide out of guilt for the death of his girlfriend Susie in a car accident and shows David's suicide note to Julie. As the writing matches that of the note she received, Julie realizes it was not a suicide note, but a death threat. At the Croaker Beauty Pageant, Helen witnesses Barry being murdered on the balcony. She rushes upstairs with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853244", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nfilm establishes a new plotline and does not star any cast members from the previous two installments. \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" has also been parodied and referenced in popular culture, and credited alongside \"\"Scream\"\" with revitalizing the contemporary slasher film in the late-1990s. On the Fourth of July 1996 in Southport, North Carolina, Julie James and her friends Ray Bronson, Helen Shivers, and Barry Cox drive to the beach after attending a party. While driving along a coastal byway, they accidentally hit a pedestrian. Julie's friend Max passes by them on the road. Julie reassures Max that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853261", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nand implemented into the final cut to achieve this (in the original script, his character was not killed). The original ending of the film featured a sequence in which Julie receives an email reading: \"\"I Still Know.\"\" This ending was scrapped for the more dramatic ending featured in the final cut of the film, in which Julie finds the same message scrawled on a shower stall just before the killer comes crashing through the glass. This footage was also shot after principal photography, on a soundstage next-door to where Hewitt was filming \"\"Party of Five\"\". In anticipation of the film's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853247", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nand Julie go to visit with David's sister Missy at her home. Missy explains to them that their family was devastated by David's death; she also mentions that a friend of David's named Billy Blue also visited her to pay his last respects. Later that night, the killer sneaks into Helen's house, cuts off her hair while she sleeps, and writes \"\"Soon\"\" in lipstick on her vanity mirror. The following morning, Julie finds Max's corpse wearing Barry's stolen jacket in the trunk of her car. When she calls the others, the body is missing. Julie, Helen, and Barry confront Ray", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853260", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nin which Elsa has her throat slashed while standing against a glass door had originally been shot from behind without any blood appearing on the glass; however, producer Feig worried that the scene appeared \"\"medically impossible,\"\" after which Gillespie re-shot it (post-principal photography) with a visual effect of blood spattering across the glass. Upon test screenings of the film, Gillespie and the producers decided that a death sequence needed to occur earlier in the film to establish a sense of legitimate danger for the main characters. The scene in which Max is murdered in the crab factory was subsequently filmed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4880807", "chunk_text": "\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nmountains where she encounters one of the officers who witnessed the accident, Deputy Haffner (K.C. Clyde). Later that night, Amber awakens to a sound, and receives 50 text messages reading \"\"I know what you did last summer\"\". She drives to Zoe's shack to find her band rehearsing for a concert. Zoe allows her to sleep there for the night. The next day they find Roger fixing ski-lift gondolas and Colby working as a lifeguard at a public pool, but they angrily dismiss them when told about the messages. Amber is attacked on a ski-lift by someone wielding the hook, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15639333", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nisland. Ben appears and stabs Tyrell in the throat with his hook, killing him. The girls retreat to the attic, where Karla is attacked by Ben. They both fall through to the hotel bedroom below. Karla runs from the room and jumps onto the greenhouse. Julie and Nancy rescue Karla and run to the storm cellar to take refuge. They find that the storm cellar stores Ben's victims. Will bursts in and convinces the girls to head back to the hotel, stating that he saw Ben on the beach. Back at the hotel, Julie sees Will is bleeding from his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8014547", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer (film series)\"\nI Know What You Did Last Summer (film series) I Know What You Did Last Summer is an American horror film series, based on the novel of the same name by Lois Duncan. The series consists of three films. After an accident on a winding road, four teens make the fatal mistake of dumping their victim's body into the sea. But exactly one year later, the dead man returns from his watery grave and he's looking for more than an apology. The murderous fisherman with a hook is back to once again stalk the two surviving teens, Julie James and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8478815", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\ncloset. She finds Tyrell, Karla, and Will, but when they return there is no sign of Darick's body. The hotel manager refuses to believe her story and Julie tries to call the police, but the phone lines are dead due to the incoming hurricane. Ben arrives at the hotel and kills the employees. The following day, the group finds that the hotel staff and the manager have been murdered, and the two-way radio, their only way of contact, has been destroyed. Isolated, Julie tells the others about the previous summer. Tyrell suspects that Estes, the boat hand porter, is the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20971600", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nsaying, \"\"I can do that!\"\" And he can.\"\" Critic James Berardinelli credited the film (along with \"\"Scream\"\") as igniting a new boom of slasher films, adding: \"\"There is one minor aspect of the plot that elevates \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" above the level of a typical '80s slasher flick -- it has an interesting subtext. I'm referring to the way the lives and friendships of these four individuals crumble in the wake of their accident. Guilt, confusion, and doubt build in them until they can no longer stand to be with each other or look at themselves", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1024927", "chunk_text": "\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\npictures of them from the high school yearbook sliced up and stuck to the wall reading \"\"SOON\"\". They all stay at Zoe's place again and find Lance (Ben Easter) outside, who shows them a message engraved on his motorbike. They agree to stay together for safety. Colby goes to the pool to do some laps after his shift, and is hooked in the ankle by the Fisherman, who disappears. The night of Zoe's concert, Colby, now on crutches, sneaks off to get drunk. After Zoe's performance, Amber and Lance go back to congratulate her but are attacked. Zoe is stabbed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20734311", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\na screenplay more akin to a 1980s slasher film. Inspired by his father, who had been a commercial fisherman, Williamson changed the setting of the novel to a small fishing village, and made the villain a hook-wielding fisherman. The killer's arming of himself with a hook is a reference to the urban legend \"\"The Hook,\"\" which the four main characters recount at the beginning of the film around a campfire. According to Williamson, he wrote the scene as a way of indicating what was to come: \"\"Basically what I was doing was I was setting the framework to say, 'Alright,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "766122", "chunk_text": "\"The Summertime Killer\"\nThe Summertime Killer The Summertime Killer (also known as Target Removed) is a 1972 crime film directed by Antonio Isasi-Isasmendi and starring Olivia Hussey. A young boy witnesses four mobsters beating his father to death. Twenty years later, he sets out on a quest to eliminate all of the gang members involved in the murder. After killing three of them, the mob's boss is informed by Police Captain John Kiley (Karl Malden) that an unknown boy has begun killing his mob partners. Kiley flies to Portugal and begins putting the pieces of the puzzle together. (Kiley and the mob boss", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20734313", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nand that he saw it rather as simply \"\"a really good story\"\" with a morality tale embedded within it. According to producer Stokely Chaffin, the producers sought out actors who were \"\"beautiful, but likable.\"\" Director Gillespie recalled that, though he had been unfamiliar with the screenplay's source material, that \"\"roughly 60 to 65%\"\" of the young women auditioning had read the novel as children. Jennifer Love Hewitt, who at the time was mainly known for her role on the television series \"\"Party of Five\"\", was cast in the lead of Julie James based on her \"\"ability to project vulnerability,\"\" which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18853264", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\na worldwide total of $126 million. According to data compiled by \"\"Box Office Mojo\"\", \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" is the sixth highest-grossing slasher film as of 2018. The film received mixed reviews upon release, inevitably drawing both positive and negative comparisons to \"\"Scream\"\", also written by Williamson. Mick LaSalle thought it inferior to \"\"Scream\"\", but Richard Harrington compared it favorably, stating that it was \"\"... a smart, sharply drawn genre film with a moral center and a solid cast of young actors to hold it.\"\" \"\"Variety\"\" was also enthusiastic, calling it a \"\"polished genre piece with superior", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1024926", "chunk_text": "\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nColby does not believe her. Later that night, a drunken Roger contemplates suicide while pulling out the hook from the prank, which he had salvaged from the fire. When he investigates a noise, he is attacked by the Fisherman, who slits his throat after a chase. Colby goes to Amber and Zoe telling them that he believes them. They go to warn Roger and find him dead along with a suicide note and the hook. Deputy Haffner shows up, accusing them of the murder, until he reads the suicide note. After their statements, they return to Amber's house to find", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18198427", "chunk_text": "\"Scary Movie\"\nentirely based on \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" including the teens' accidental murder of an innocent man on a car ride and the murder scene at the beauty pageant. Major references to \"\"Scream\"\" include the character Ghostface and the murder of Drew Decker in the opening scene (a reference to Drew Barrymore, who played a similar character in \"\"Scream\"\"). Additionally, the characters of \"\"Scream\"\" and \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" are heavily mirrored in the film. Cindy Campbell is a play on the character of Sidney Prescott (portrayed by Neve Campbell) in \"\"Scream\"\", as is Gail", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1727378", "chunk_text": "\"Muse Watson\"\nMuse Watson Muse Watson (born July 20, 1948) is an American stage and screen actor. He became known for his roles as Ben Willis, the primary antagonist in the \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" franchise, Charles Westmoreland on the Fox television series \"\"Prison Break\"\" and as Mike Franks in CBS television series \"\"NCIS\"\". Watson was born on July 20, 1948, in Alexandria, Louisiana. He attended Louisiana Tech on a music stipend for two years before transferring to Berea College in Berea, Kentucky, where he performed for the first time on stage as Petruchio in a production of Shakespeare's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15639334", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nstomach, so Nancy takes Karla to find a first aid kit. Nancy and Karla find Estes has been impaled with a harpoon. Ben appears and kills Nancy. Back in the lobby, Julie is tending to Will, unable to find a wound. Will admits this is because it is not his blood. He asks Julie what her favorite radio station is, revealing he was the radio host and killed Estes. Will drags Julie to the graveyard, and tells her he is Ben's son. Ben appears and attacks Julie. Ray arrives, and a fight ensues between him and Will. When Ben tries", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13151013", "chunk_text": "\"Don Shanks (stuntman)\"\nDon Shanks (stuntman) Donald L. \"\"Don\"\" Shanks (born February 26, 1950) is an American actor and stuntman, known for his role as Michael Myers in \"\"\"\", and Nakoma, the Native American friend of the title character in the 1977 television series \"\"The Life and Times of Grizzly Adams\"\". Shanks was born in Piasa, Illinois. In 1950, Shanks portrayed Michael Myers in \"\"\"\". In 2006, he appeared as Ben Willis, the infamous serial killer in the film \"\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\". Shanks, who is of Cherokee and Illini descent, appeared in the film \"\"The Last Sin Eater\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20971604", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\ndirect-to-video. Both were critically panned. In the first sequel, Jennifer Love Hewitt, Freddie Prinze Jr., and Muse Watson reprise their roles. The second sequel has very little relation to the first two, other than the premise, the villain, and the producers. It featured new characters and a different setting. On September 14, 2014, Sony reported that they have plans to remake the film; Mike Flanagan and Jeff Howard are writing a script. In a June 1, 2016, Blumhouse.com \"\"Shockwaves\"\" podcast, writer Mike Flanagan revealed and further confirmed this new iteration and reimagination of the franchise would not have any inventions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20971589", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nshot on the marina show multiple vessels traversing the water; though real vessels, the boat traffic was orchestrated by a marine traffic coordinator to make the waterway appear lively. The Shivers Department Store setting in the film was discovered on location in Southport by director Gillespie, who was so impressed by the location that he reworked elements of the script in order to incorporate it into the film; it eventually became the primary setting for Helen's extended chase sequence with the killer. The exterior sequences of Julie's Boston college campus were in fact shot at Duke University, while the hospital", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "208949", "chunk_text": "\"Slasher film\"\nof Chucky\"\" (1998) and \"\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" (1998) were each box office successes, again marketing on the appeal their casts, which included Adam Arkin, Jack Black, LL Cool J, Jamie Lee Curtis, Joseph Gordon-Levitt, Josh Hartnett, Katherine Heighl, Brandy Norwood, Jodi Lynn O'Keefe, Mekhi Pfeiffer, John Ritter, Jennifer Tilly, and Michelle Williams. Low-budget slasher films \"\"The Clown at Midnight\"\" (1998) and \"\"Cherry Falls\"\" (2000) had trouble competing with big-budget horror films that could afford then-bankable actors. \"\"Scream 3\"\" (2000), the first entry in the \"\"Scream\"\" series not written by Kevin Williamson, was another huge success", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14796813", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nkiller, since he is the only one who cannot be found. The group goes to Estes’ apartment, searching for clues. They find Julie’s toothbrush and Karla's hair tie, concluding Estes has been using voodoo against them. Estes appears explaining he was in fact trying to protect them after realizing something was wrong because he knew the answer they gave to the radio competition was actually the wrong answer and they never should have won. He leads them to a graveyard in the forest with the graves of Ben's wife and daughter, and an empty grave and tombstone with Julie’s name.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12751991", "chunk_text": "\"Slasher film\"\nreleased \"\"Scream 2\"\" (1997) to the highest grossing opening weekend of any R-rated film at the time; the sequel sold 22 million tickets and was a critical hit. Taking note from the marketing success of \"\"Scream\"\", the promotional materials for \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" and \"\"Scream 2\"\" relied heavily on the recognizability of cast-members Rebecca Gayheart, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Jennifer Love Hewitt, Joshua Jackson, Laurie Metcalf, Jerry O'Connell, Ryan Phillippe, Jada Pinkett, Freddie Prinze Jr. and Liev Schreiber. \"\"Scream\"\" and \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" were internationally popular. In Asia, Hong Kong released \"\"The Deadly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13151014", "chunk_text": "\"Don Shanks (stuntman)\"\nas an Indian chief. It was released in the U.S. on February 9, 2007. Don Shanks (stuntman) Donald L. \"\"Don\"\" Shanks (born February 26, 1950) is an American actor and stuntman, known for his role as Michael Myers in \"\"\"\", and Nakoma, the Native American friend of the title character in the 1977 television series \"\"The Life and Times of Grizzly Adams\"\". Shanks was born in Piasa, Illinois. In 1950, Shanks portrayed Michael Myers in \"\"\"\". In 2006, he appeared as Ben Willis, the infamous serial killer in the film \"\"I'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer\"\". Shanks, who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13063108", "chunk_text": "\"I Know What You Did Last Summer (The Vampire Diaries)\"\nbut they are shocked when an unknown girl named Megan (Hayley Kiyoko) joins their dorm instead of their friend. Caroline does not like the idea of having a stranger staying with them at all and when she discovers that Megan drinks water with vervain, she gets even more nervous because she believes that Megan knows about them and what they are. Elena calms her down and tells her they have to act normal, so they go to the party they were invited to earlier. At the college party, Megan is killed by a vampire, something that makes Elena and Caroline", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8469175", "chunk_text": "\"Anne Heche\"\nloner in the slasher thriller sleeper hit \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\", starring Jennifer Love Hewitt, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Ryan Phillippe, and Freddie Prinze, Jr.. Despite her limited screen time in the film, Heche was considered a \"\"standout\"\" by some critics, such as \"\"Variety\"\". She obtained the part of a presidential advisor opposite Robert De Niro and Dustin Hoffman in the political satire \"\"Wag the Dog\"\", a role that was originally written for a man. Budgeted at US$15 million, the film made US$64 million. Heche's first starring role came in the 1998 romantic adventure \"\"Six Days, Seven Nights\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13397193", "chunk_text": "\"Slasher film\"\nsince \"\"The Silence of the Lambs\"\" (1991). The marketing for \"\"Scream\"\" distanced itself from the slasher subgenre as it passed itself as a \"\"new thriller\"\" that showcased the celebrity of its stars, promoting the appearances of then-popular stars Drew Barrymore, Courteney Cox and Neve Campbell over its violence. Williamson's follow-up, \"\"I Know What You Did Last Summer\"\" (1997), was heavily inspired by \"\"Prom Night\"\" and \"\"The House on Sorority Row\"\" (1983). Released less than a year after \"\"Scream\"\" to \"\"critic proof\"\" success, the film sold nearly 16 million tickets at the North American box office. Two months later Dimension Films", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15639336", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Know What You Did Last Summer\"\nsees Ben under the bed. She screams as Ben grabs her feet with his hook and hand and pulls her under leaving her fate unknown. While the film is set in The Bahamas, it was actually shot at El Tecuan Marina Resort Costalagree, in Jalisco, Mexico; Los Angeles, California; and Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City, California. The sequel made a gross $16.5 million at 2,443 theaters during its opening weekend. Unlike the original, the sequel opened at number two at the box office and dropped to number five only a week later. At the end of its fifteen-week run,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_260	who played susanna in legends of the fall?	n/a	[ "Julia Ormond" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15266196", "chunk_text": "\"Susanna Thompson\"\nSusanna Thompson Susanna Thompson (born January 27, 1958) is an American actress. She is known for her roles in films \"\"Little Giants\"\" (1994), \"\"Ghosts of Mississippi\"\" (1996), \"\"Random Hearts\"\" (1999) and \"\"Dragonfly\"\" (2002), and as Karen Sammler on ABC drama series \"\"Once and Again\"\" (1999–2002). From 2012 to 2014, Thompson starred as Moira Queen as a regular cast member in the CW series \"\"Arrow\"\". Thompson received a Dramatic Award for her role as Luisa in \"\"A Shayna Maidel\"\". She was also nominated for Best Actress by the San Diego Critics Circle for her role in \"\"Agnes of God\"\". She may", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15266199", "chunk_text": "\"Susanna Thompson\"\nNBC drama \"\"Timeless\"\". Thompson earned her bachelor's degree in drama from San Diego State University. Her husband, Martin Katz, is a professor at San Diego State University. Susanna Thompson Susanna Thompson (born January 27, 1958) is an American actress. She is known for her roles in films \"\"Little Giants\"\" (1994), \"\"Ghosts of Mississippi\"\" (1996), \"\"Random Hearts\"\" (1999) and \"\"Dragonfly\"\" (2002), and as Karen Sammler on ABC drama series \"\"Once and Again\"\" (1999–2002). From 2012 to 2014, Thompson starred as Moira Queen as a regular cast member in the CW series \"\"Arrow\"\". Thompson received a Dramatic Award for her role as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3225563", "chunk_text": "\"Aisling Franciosi\"\nAisling Franciosi Aisling Franciosi (6 June 1993) is an Irish-Italian actress. She is known for playing the part of Katie Benedetto in the BBC Two crime drama television series \"\"The Fall\"\" and her role as Kate Crawford in the TNT series\"\" Legends\"\". In 2016, Franciosi joined the cast of the HBO series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" in the sixth and seventh seasons as Lyanna Stark. In 2017, she took the lead role in \"\"The Nightingale\"\", a period film set in Tasmania and directed by Jennifer Kent. Franciosi was born in Italy and grew up in Dublin. She is the third child", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3225564", "chunk_text": "\"Aisling Franciosi\"\nof an Italian father and an Irish mother. She is bilingual, fluent in both English and Italian. She studied French and Spanish at Trinity College, Dublin. Aisling Franciosi Aisling Franciosi (6 June 1993) is an Irish-Italian actress. She is known for playing the part of Katie Benedetto in the BBC Two crime drama television series \"\"The Fall\"\" and her role as Kate Crawford in the TNT series\"\" Legends\"\". In 2016, Franciosi joined the cast of the HBO series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" in the sixth and seventh seasons as Lyanna Stark. In 2017, she took the lead role in \"\"The Nightingale\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6287193", "chunk_text": "\"Julia Ormond\"\nAlliance to Stop Slavery and End Trafficking (ASSET). ASSET was instrumental in passing the California Transparency in Supply Chains Act. Julia Ormond Julia Karin Ormond (born 4 January 1965) is an English actress. She rose to prominence appearing in such films as \"\"The Baby of Mâcon\"\" (1993), \"\"Legends of the Fall\"\" (1994), \"\"First Knight\"\" (1995), \"\"Sabrina\"\" (1995), \"\"Smilla's Sense of Snow\"\" (1997) and \"\"The Barber of Siberia\"\" (1998). She won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie for her role in the HBO film \"\"Temple Grandin\"\" (2010). Ormond was born in Epsom, Surrey, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8450445", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of the Fall\"\n\"\"Legends of the Fall\"\" was first released on DVD on April 29, 1997, and once again on October 17, 2000. The film was later released on Blu-ray on February 8, 2011, with bonus content that includes two audio commentaries, deleted scenes with optional commentary and two behind-the-scenes featurettes. Legends of the Fall Legends of the Fall is a 1994 American epic historical drama film directed by Edward Zwick and starring Brad Pitt, Anthony Hopkins, Aidan Quinn, Julia Ormond and Henry Thomas. Based on the 1979 novella of the same title by Jim Harrison, the film is about three brothers and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18496157", "chunk_text": "\"Jaime Murray\"\nJaime Murray Jaime Murray (born 21 July 1976) is an English actress, known for playing Stacie Monroe in the BBC series \"\"Hustle\"\" (2004–2012), Lila Tourray in the Showtime series \"\"Dexter\"\" (2007), Gaia in the Starz miniseries \"\"\"\" (2011), Olivia Charles in The CW series \"\"Ringer\"\" (2011–2012), Helena G. Wells in the Syfy series \"\"Warehouse 13\"\" (2010–2014), Stahma Tarr in the Syfy series \"\"Defiance\"\" (2013–2015), Fiona/the Black Fairy in the ABC series \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\" (2016–2017) and Antoinette in the CW series \"\"The Originals\"\" (2018). Murray was born in London, England, to Elaine and English actor Billy Murray. She was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7329462", "chunk_text": "\"Roxane Hayward\"\nRoxane Hayward Roxane Hayward (born Roxane Josephine Hayward, 7 May 1991) is a South African actress. She has appeared in numerous South African, British and American television shows which include \"\"Leonardo (TV series)\"\" for CBBC, \"\"Beaver Falls (TV series)\"\" for E4 and \"\"Blood Drive (TV series)\"\" as well as feature films, including \"\"\"\", produced by Universal Pictures. In theatre, Hayward has played leading roles for some of South Africa's most respected theatres including Shakespeare In Love at Eric Abraham's \"\"The Fugard Theatre\"\". In 2015, Hayward played the role of Susanna White in the Nat Geo scripted two-part movie event \"\"Saints", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8450429", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of the Fall\"\nLegends of the Fall Legends of the Fall is a 1994 American epic historical drama film directed by Edward Zwick and starring Brad Pitt, Anthony Hopkins, Aidan Quinn, Julia Ormond and Henry Thomas. Based on the 1979 novella of the same title by Jim Harrison, the film is about three brothers and their father living in the wilderness and plains of Montana in the early 20th century and how their lives are affected by nature, history, war, and love. The film's time frame spans from World War I through the Prohibition era, ending with a brief scene set in 1963.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6287186", "chunk_text": "\"Julia Ormond\"\nJulia Ormond Julia Karin Ormond (born 4 January 1965) is an English actress. She rose to prominence appearing in such films as \"\"The Baby of Mâcon\"\" (1993), \"\"Legends of the Fall\"\" (1994), \"\"First Knight\"\" (1995), \"\"Sabrina\"\" (1995), \"\"Smilla's Sense of Snow\"\" (1997) and \"\"The Barber of Siberia\"\" (1998). She won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie for her role in the HBO film \"\"Temple Grandin\"\" (2010). Ormond was born in Epsom, Surrey, the daughter of Josephine, a laboratory technician, and John Ormond, a computer software designer. She attended independent schools, first Guildford High", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2338914", "chunk_text": "\"Katia Winter\"\nrevealed that Winter had filed for divorce from musician Jesse Glick, whom she had married in 2013, after being separated since June 2015. Katia Winter Katia Winter (born 13 October 1983) is a Swedish actress. She is known for her role as Nadia on the series \"\"Dexter\"\", Katrina Crane on the Fox series \"\"Sleepy Hollow\"\" (2013–15), and Freydis Eriksdottir in the series \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" (2017–18) Winter was born in Stockholm, Sweden and moved to London at an early age. She has appeared on British television series and in films including the 2009 drama \"\"Unmade Beds\"\" and the 2011 drama", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16728395", "chunk_text": "\"Katia Winter\"\nKatia Winter Katia Winter (born 13 October 1983) is a Swedish actress. She is known for her role as Nadia on the series \"\"Dexter\"\", Katrina Crane on the Fox series \"\"Sleepy Hollow\"\" (2013–15), and Freydis Eriksdottir in the series \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\" (2017–18) Winter was born in Stockholm, Sweden and moved to London at an early age. She has appeared on British television series and in films including the 2009 drama \"\"Unmade Beds\"\" and the 2011 drama \"\"Everywhere and Nowhere\"\". She currently lives in Los Angeles, California. After making a move to the U.S. she immediately booked the lead female", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "42612", "chunk_text": "\"Jamie Gray Hyder\"\nJamie Gray Hyder Jamie Gray Hyder (born April 27, 1985) is an American actress and model. Hyder, known most recently for her voice and motion capture work for the role of Lieutenant Nora Salter in \"\"\"\". She also played Lucia Solano in Season 2 of \"\"Graceland\"\", and the werewolf Danielle in Seasons 5 and 6 of \"\"True Blood\"\". Hyder is of Lebanese descent and attended J. E. B. Stuart High School and the University of Georgia. She also portrayed Echo in the 2014 first-person shooter \"\"Killzone Shadow Fall\"\", the first-person shooter video game produced by Guerilla Games in the Killzone", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9733946", "chunk_text": "\"Jessy Schram\"\nJessy Schram Jessica \"\"Jessy\"\" Schram (born January 15, 1986) is an American actress and model. Her most notable roles include Hannah Griffith in \"\"Veronica Mars\"\", Rachel Seybolt in \"\"Life\"\", Karen Nadler in \"\"Falling Skies\"\" and Cinderella/Ashley Boyd in \"\"Once Upon a Time\"\". Born in Skokie, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago, Schram modeled and appeared in television commercials as a child, and began performing in musical theatre at age 12. She resided in Buffalo Grove, Illinois and graduated from Buffalo Grove High School in 2004. Schram moved to Los Angeles after graduating at age 18 and began working in TV. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2328968", "chunk_text": "\"Lois Burwell\"\nfor the critically and commercially successful films \"\"Braveheart\"\" and \"\"Legends of the Fall\"\". She holds dual citizenships in the United States and the United Kingdom. In 2015, Burwell was elected the Governor for the Makeup Artists and Hair Stylists branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, and in 2017, she was elected the first Vice President of the Academy. For the 7th season of \"\"Face Off\"\" Burwell replaced judge Ve Neill who was not able to be present for the competition. Lois Burwell Lois Burwell (born 1960) is a British Oscar-winning makeup artist. She won the Best", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5453328", "chunk_text": "\"Hannah Waddingham\"\nHannah Waddingham Hannah Waddingham (born 1974) is an English actress and singer, best known for her contribution to West End musical theatre, particularly her performances in the original London production of \"\"Spamalot\"\", the 2010 Regent's Park revival of \"\"Into the Woods\"\", and most recently, \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\" (as the Wicked Witch of the West). She has received three Olivier Award nominations for her work. She has also had a successful film and television career. In 2015 she joined the cast of the fifth season of the HBO series \"\"Game of Thrones\"\" as Septa Unella, as well as appearing in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19442581", "chunk_text": "\"Lotte Verbeek\"\nthe Starz television drama \"\"Outlander\"\" and she was cast as Helena in the movie \"\"The Last Witch Hunter\"\" alongside Vin Diesel. On 9 October 2015 it was announced at the New York Comic Con that Verbeek would play Ana Jarvis, wife of Edwin Jarvis, on Season 2 of \"\"Agent Carter\"\". Verbeek speaks Dutch, English, French, German, Italian and Gaelic. Lotte Verbeek Lotte Verbeek (born 24 June 1982) is a Dutch actress, dancer and model. She is best known for her role as Giulia Farnese in \"\"The Borgias\"\" television series created by Neil Jordan, and as Geillis Duncan in the Starz", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5625593", "chunk_text": "\"Anna Popplewell\"\nAnna Popplewell Anna Katherine Popplewell (born 16 December 1988) is an English film, television and theatre actress. She is known for her role as Susan Pevensie in \"\"\"\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\" film series\"\" since 2005, as Chyler Silva in \"\"\"\" since 2012 and Lady Lola in \"\"Reign\"\" from 2013–2016. Popplewell, oldest of three children, is the daughter of the High Court judge Andrew Popplewell and Dr. Debra Lomas, a dermatologist who studied at Newnham College Cambridge. She was born in London. Her siblings are actress Lulu Popplewell, who starred as Daisy in \"\"Love Actually\"\", and Freddie Popplewell, who starred as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18312940", "chunk_text": "\"Sarah Carter\"\nSarah Carter Sarah Sanguin Carter (born October 30, 1980) is a Canadian actress best known for her role as Maggie in the TNT science fiction series \"\"Falling Skies\"\". Carter was born in Toronto and raised in Winnipeg, Manitoba. She attended Balmoral Hall School where she was a dancer and took part in school plays including \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\", in which she played Dorothy. She was in the prestigious Royal Winnipeg Ballet. Carter was also on the debate team and named one of the top three public speakers in the world. She competed in various countries including Austria, England, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17076133", "chunk_text": "\"Ciara Renée\"\nCiara Renée Ciara Renée Harper (born October 19, 1990), better known as Ciara Renée is an American actress, singer, and musician. She is best known for her roles on Broadway as The Witch in \"\"Big Fish\"\" and the Leading Player in \"\"Pippin\"\", as well as portraying Esmeralda of \"\"The Hunchback of Notre Dame\"\" at Paper Mill Playhouse and La Jolla Playhouse. She starred as Kendra Saunders / Hawkgirl in the CW series \"\"DC's Legends of Tomorrow\"\", a spin-off of \"\"Arrow\"\" and \"\"The Flash.\"\" Her vocal type is mezzo-soprano. Renée was born and raised in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. She attended Central Dauphin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17803504", "chunk_text": "\"Stephanie Leonidas\"\n\"\"Defiance\"\", which ran for three seasons.. Stephanie Leonidas Stephanie Leonidas (born 14 February 1984) is an English actress. She is perhaps best known for her roles as Helena in the fantasy film \"\"MirrorMask\"\" and as Irisa on the American science fiction television series, \"\"Defiance\"\". Leonidas was born in London, the daughter of a Greek Cypriot father and an English mother. She also has Welsh ancestry through her mother. Her younger brother Dimitri and younger sister Georgina are also actors. Leonidas started acting in community theatre when she was eight; at nine she acquired an agent and began to work in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8931597", "chunk_text": "\"Bibiana Beglau\"\nBibiana Beglau Bibiana Beglau (born 16 July 1971 in Braunschweig, Lower Saxony) is a German actress. Bibiana Beglau began appearing on the stages of German-speaking theater immediately upon being graduated from the Hamburg Hochschule for Music and Theater. She performed regularly under the direction of Christoph Marthaler, Einar Schleef, Frank Castorf and Luk Perceval before winning national and international acclaim for her leading role in Volker Schlöndorff's feature film \"\"The Legend of Rita\"\". Bibiana Beglau has been the recipient of many awards, including the Berlinale Silver Bear for best actress, the Ulrich Wildgruber Prize and the Adolf Grimme Prize. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13478930", "chunk_text": "\"Tantoo Cardinal\"\nrole as Cordelia and the Fool, and Craig Lauzon as Kent. In 2017, she was named the winner of the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television's Earle Grey Award for lifetime achievement. Tantoo Cardinal Tantoo Cardinal, CM (born July 20, 1950) is a Canadian film and television actress. Cardinal is of Métis descent. Cardinal was born in Fort McMurray, Alberta. Her mother, Julia Cardinal, was of Metis descent. She has played roles in many notable films and television series, including \"\"Spirit Bay\"\", \"\"Dances with Wolves\"\", \"\"Black Robe\"\", \"\"Legends of the Fall\"\", \"\"Smoke Signals\"\" and \"\"North of 60\"\". She was cast", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4185311", "chunk_text": "\"Stephanie Leonidas\"\nStephanie Leonidas Stephanie Leonidas (born 14 February 1984) is an English actress. She is perhaps best known for her roles as Helena in the fantasy film \"\"MirrorMask\"\" and as Irisa on the American science fiction television series, \"\"Defiance\"\". Leonidas was born in London, the daughter of a Greek Cypriot father and an English mother. She also has Welsh ancestry through her mother. Her younger brother Dimitri and younger sister Georgina are also actors. Leonidas started acting in community theatre when she was eight; at nine she acquired an agent and began to work in television. Notable credits include the television", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2380936", "chunk_text": "\"Maisie Richardson-Sellers\"\nMaisie Richardson-Sellers Maisie Richardson-Sellers (born 2 March 1992) is an English actress. She is known for her recurring role as Rebekah Mikaelson / Eva Sinclair on The CW series \"\"The Originals\"\", as well as her starring roles as King Saul of Israel’s daughter Michal in the ABC Biblical series \"\"Of Kings and Prophets\"\" and as Amaya Jiwe / Vixen and Charlie on The CW superhero series \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\". The daughter of Joy Richardson, Richardson-Sellers comes from a family of stage actors. In 2013, Richardson-Sellers graduated, with a degree in Archaeology and Anthropology, from University of Oxford, where she participated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13645979", "chunk_text": "\"Nina Kaptsova\"\nappeared as Shireen in \"\"The Legend of Love\"\" (Легенда о любви) and the same year played the role of Rita in \"\"The Golden Age\"\". In 2007, she performed in \"\"The Lesson\"\", and in 2008 appeared in Herman Levenskiold's \"\"La Sylphide\"\", Pyotr Tchaikovsky's \"\"The Nutcracker\"\", and in Flames of Paris, in which she played the role of Adeline. In 2009, she performed in such plays as \"\"The Queen of Spades\"\", in which she portrayed Liza and played the title role in \"\"Esmeralda\"\". Nina Kaptsova Nina Aleksandrovna Kaptsova (; born 16 October 1978) is a Russian prima ballerina of the Bolshoi Ballet.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14254726", "chunk_text": "\"Lisa Hogg\"\nLisa Hogg Lisa Hogg is an Irish actress. She was born in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Hogg made her film debut playing Molly in the film \"\"Across the Universe\"\" (2007) directed by Julie Taymor. She played Marion Kay in the BBC's \"\"The Fall\"\" and has guest starred in various television programmes including \"\"Waking the Dead\"\", \"\"Trial & Retribution\"\", \"\"Wire in the Blood\"\", \"\"The Royal\"\", \"\"Casualty\"\" and \"\"The Bill\"\". She voiced the character of Ellen in \"\"Folklore\"\", a video game from PlayStation 3 and various characters in \"\"Dragon Age II\"\" also for PlayStation 3. Credits include: Blackbird Review - http://www.irishtheatremagazine.ie/Reviews/Current/Blackbird-%281%29 Irish", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14771130", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of the Fall\"\nbuilding facades for the Helena, Montana street scenes. Hotel scenes were shot at the Hotel Europe at 43 Powell Street in Vancouver. Additional scenes were shot at Maple Leaf Square in Gastown, Vancouver, and Ocho Rios in Saint Ann, Jamaica. Filming wrapped up around January 1994. The film opened in limited release on December 23, 1994, and expanded to a wide release on January 13, 1995. During its first weekend in wide release, which was a four-day weekend due to Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, the film reached number one at the domestic box office after grossing $14 million. After", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20479425", "chunk_text": "\"Kaniehtiio Horn\"\n\"\"Defiance\"\", and played Dorothy from \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\" in \"\"Slumber Party\"\", an episode of the CW series \"\"Supernatural\"\". She also appeared in \"\"Embrace of the Vampire\"\" starring Sharon Hinnendael, a remake of the 1995 horror film of the same name, in the television special \"\"Gavin Crawford's Wild West\"\" and in the Amazon series \"\"The Man in the High Castle\"\". Horn has a recurring role as Tanis in the CraveTV series \"\"Letterkenny\"\". Kaniehtiio Horn Kaniehtiio Horn (born November 8, 1986) is a Canadian actress. She is often credited as Tiio Horn. She was nominated for a Gemini Award for her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7734826", "chunk_text": "\"Sienna Guillory\"\nSienna Guillory Sienna Tiggy Guillory (; born 16 March 1975) is an English actress and former model. She is perhaps best known for her portrayal of Jill Valentine in several entries of the \"\"Resident Evil\"\" action-horror film series. Other prominent roles include elf princess Arya Dröttningu in the fantasy-adventure film, \"\"Eragon\"\", and the title role in the TV miniseries, \"\"Helen of Troy\"\". She has also taken on starring roles in popular TV shows including \"\"Fortitude\"\", \"\"Stan Lee's Lucky Man\"\" and \"\"Luther\"\". Born in Kettering, Northamptonshire, England, Guillory is the daughter of the American folk guitarist Isaac Guillory and his first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14254727", "chunk_text": "\"Lisa Hogg\"\nTheatre Magazine Lisa Hogg Lisa Hogg is an Irish actress. She was born in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. Hogg made her film debut playing Molly in the film \"\"Across the Universe\"\" (2007) directed by Julie Taymor. She played Marion Kay in the BBC's \"\"The Fall\"\" and has guest starred in various television programmes including \"\"Waking the Dead\"\", \"\"Trial & Retribution\"\", \"\"Wire in the Blood\"\", \"\"The Royal\"\", \"\"Casualty\"\" and \"\"The Bill\"\". She voiced the character of Ellen in \"\"Folklore\"\", a video game from PlayStation 3 and various characters in \"\"Dragon Age II\"\" also for PlayStation 3. Credits include: Blackbird Review -", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8450431", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of the Fall\"\ncautious; Tristan, the Colonel's favorite son, is wild and well-versed in American Indian traditions; Samuel, the youngest, is educated but naive and constantly watched over by his brothers. William's wife Isabel does not adapt to the harsh Montana winters and moves to the East Coast; Tristan vows never to speak of her again. At age 12, Tristan touches a sleeping grizzly bear. The bear awakens and injures him, but he stabs at the bear's paw and cuts off a claw. Years later, Samuel returns from Harvard University with his fiancée, Susannah. Susannah talks with Isabel Two and learns of her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8450430", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of the Fall\"\nThe film was nominated for three Academy Awards and won for Best Cinematography (John Toll). Both the film and book contain occasional Cornish language terms, the Ludlows being a Cornish emigrant family. Sick of betrayals the United States government perpetrated on the Native Americans, Colonel William Ludlow leaves the Army and moves to a remote part of Montana. Along with One Stab, a Cree friend, he builds a ranch and raises his family. Accompanying them are hired hand and former outlaw Decker, Decker's Cree wife Pet, and daughter Isabel Two. William has three sons: Alfred, the eldest, is responsible and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9019350", "chunk_text": "\"Lucy Lawless\"\nLucy Lawless Lucille Frances Lawless, (; born 29 March 1968) is a New Zealand actress and singer. She portrayed the title character in television series \"\"\"\" (1995–2001), Number Three on the re-imagined \"\"Battlestar Galactica\"\" series (2005–2009) and Lucretia in the television series \"\"\"\" (2010), its prequel \"\"\"\" (2011) and its sequel \"\"\"\" (2012). Lawless had recurring roles as Diane Lewis-Swanson on the NBC sitcom \"\"Parks and Recreation\"\" (2012–2015), and as Countess Palatine Ingrid Von Marburg on the WGN America supernatural series \"\"Salem\"\" (2015). She also starred as Ruby on the Starz horror-comedy series \"\"Ash vs Evil Dead\"\" (2015–2018). Lucille Frances", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8450444", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of the Fall\"\nimpossible to know.\"\" She concluded, \"\"These are performances that lost too much in the editing room, smothered by music and overshadowed by a picture-postcard vision of the American West.\"\" The film was nominated for the Academy Awards for Best Cinematography (John Toll), Best Art Direction (Lilly Kilvert, Dorree Cooper), and Best Sound (Paul Massey, David E. Campbell, Chris David and Douglas Ganton), and won the category for Best Cinematography. In addition, the film was nominated for the Golden Globes for Best Picture – Drama, Best Actor – Drama (Brad Pitt), Best Director (Edward Zwick), and Best Original Score (James Horner).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10976127", "chunk_text": "\"Lotte Verbeek\"\nLotte Verbeek Lotte Verbeek (born 24 June 1982) is a Dutch actress, dancer and model. She is best known for her role as Giulia Farnese in \"\"The Borgias\"\" television series created by Neil Jordan, and as Geillis Duncan in the Starz series \"\"Outlander\"\". Verbeek was born in Venlo, Netherlands. She was educated at Gymnasium Collegium Marianum in Venlo and graduated in 2008 at the Theaterschool in Amsterdam. From 1999, Verbeek attended the Dance Academy in Arnhem and the Amsterdam Academy of Jazz/Musical Theatre and Dance, where she graduated in 2006. She received singing lessons and attended voice workshops. During her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13806064", "chunk_text": "\"Gerard McCarthy\"\ncity with Olympic gold medallist Dame Mary Peters. The event was organised to raise funds for victims of the Haiti earthquake. Gerard McCarthy Gerard McCarthy (born 31 March 1981) is an actor from Belfast, Northern Ireland. Gerard McCarthy was awarded Sir Kenneth Branagh's Renaissance Scholarship to train at Laine Theatre Arts, graduating in 2002. He currently plays Kevin McSwain in BBC 2's BAFTA nominated drama \"\"The Fall\"\", starring Gillian Anderson. On Netflix, he can be seen alongside Sir Derek Jacobi, Neve Campbell and Joely Richardson as Ashley Stokes in \"\"\"\", an epic 12-part series charting the extraordinary construction of RMS", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9070471", "chunk_text": "\"Natalie Ni Shi\"\nFoundation for Arts and Minorities in 2008, with the aim of helping people suffering from poverty, natural disasters and sickness. She has since held several benefit concerts in China and Canada for disaster relief, such as for the 2008 Sichuan earthquake or for projects in Burma in 2018. She also held the \"\"Classical Enlightenment\"\" performance in 2016, which raised money for an Alzheimer's Disease charity. Natalie Ni Shi Natalie Ni Shi (; born 9 May 1983) is a Canadian lyric operatic soprano and film actress.She has received critical acclaim since her debut as Queen of the Night in \"\"The Magic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9800772", "chunk_text": "\"Diane Kruger\"\nDiane Kruger Diane Kruger (née Heidkrüger; ; born 15 July 1976) is a German-American actress and former fashion model. She is known for roles such as Helen in the epic war film \"\"Troy\"\" (2004), Dr. Abigail Chase in the heist film \"\"National Treasure\"\" (2004) and (2007), Bridget von Hammersmark in Quentin Tarantino's war film \"\"Inglourious Basterds\"\" (2009), and Gina in the psychological thriller film \"\"Unknown\"\" (2011). She also starred as Detective Sonya Cross in the FX crime drama series \"\"The Bridge\"\" (2013–14). In 2017, she made her German-language debut in Fatih Akin's \"\"In the Fade\"\", for which she won the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19295253", "chunk_text": "\"Danielle Harris\"\nDanielle Harris Danielle Andrea Harris (born June 1, 1977) is an American actress, voice actress, and film director. She is known as a \"\"scream queen\"\" for her roles in multiple horror films, including four entries in the \"\"Halloween\"\" franchise: \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\", as Jamie Lloyd (1988–89); and the \"\"Halloween\"\" remake and its sequel, as Annie Brackett (2007–09). Other such roles include Tosh in \"\"Urban Legend\"\" (1998), Belle in \"\"Stake Land\"\" (2010), and Marybeth Dunston in the \"\"Hatchet\"\" series (2010–17). In 2012, she was inducted into the Fangoria Hall of Fame. Harris began her career as a child actress, with various", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1030342", "chunk_text": "\"Niamh McGrady\"\nNiamh McGrady Niamh McGrady (born 4 October 1983) is a film, stage and television actress from Castlewellan, County Down, Northern Ireland. She is perhaps better known for her part as Mary-Claire Carter in Holby City and Danielle Ferrington in the psychological thriller The Fall. Born and raised in Castlewellan, Co. Down, she attended Assumption Grammar School, Ballynahinch, County Down. From age 18 she trained at the Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama. After landing a role in Summer 2003 in Italy, on graduation she joined a Welsh production of \"\"Romeo and Juliet\"\" and then pantomime in Belfast, before moving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "42613", "chunk_text": "\"Jamie Gray Hyder\"\nseries made for Sony's next-gen PlayStation 4 console. In 2014 she starred opposite Andrew Keegan and Ray Liotta in the music video for \"\"Lovers on the Sun\"\", the lead single from David Guetta's sixth studio album \"\"Listen\"\". The Wild West themed music video was directed by Marc Klasfeld. In 2016, she played Lt. Nora Salter in \"\"\"\", which debuted November 4. She has also appeared in print campaigns and commercials. Jamie Gray Hyder Jamie Gray Hyder (born April 27, 1985) is an American actress and model. Hyder, known most recently for her voice and motion capture work for the role", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14771126", "chunk_text": "\"Legends of the Fall\"\nbusiness and politics cause him to get involved with the O'Banion brothers, bootleggers and gangsters. Tristan returns during Prohibition, bringing life back to the ranch and his father. He falls in love with Isabel Two and they marry. They have two children, the elder being a boy named Samuel Decker. Tristan becomes involved in small-scale rum-running, finding himself at odds with the O'Banion brothers. Isabel is accidentally killed by a police officer working for the O'Banions. In a fit of grief, Tristan beats the officer nearly to death and is jailed. Susannah visits Tristan, still having feelings for him, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8882678", "chunk_text": "\"Frances Grant\"\nFrances Grant Frances Grant (born Stella Theophane Fortier, February 15, 1913 – February 20, 1982) was an American movie actress and dancer. She appeared as the leading lady of Gene Autry in \"\"Red River Valley\"\" (1936) and \"\"Oh, Susanna!\"\" (1936) and other b-films. Frances Grant was born on February 15, 1913 in Roxbury, Massachusetts to Alfred Fortier and Mary Agnes Caples Fortier, one of two daughters. She is known for her work on Cavalry (1936), Oh, Susanna! (1936) and Thunder Mountain (1935). She died on February 20, 1982 in Lexington, Massachusetts. She acted in stock theater after high school. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1575468", "chunk_text": "\"Grace Fulton\"\nGrace Fulton Grace Caroline Fulton (born July 17, 1996) is an American actress and dancer, best known for playing Young Melinda Gordon on \"\"Ghost Whisperer\"\", Haley Farrell in \"\"Bones\"\", and Young Natalie Wood in \"\"The Mystery of Natalie Wood\"\". She also played the character Sydney Briggs in \"\"Home of the Brave\"\". She starred in the television film \"\"Back When We Were Grownups\"\", playing Young Biddy. In 2017 she appeared in the movie \"\"\"\", and will work with same director in playing Mary Bromfield in 2019 superhero film \"\"Shazam!\"\". Fulton was born in the U.S., on July 17, 1996, with older", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8909595", "chunk_text": "\"Gugu Mbatha-Raw\"\nGugu Mbatha-Raw Gugulethu Sophia \"\"Gugu\"\" Mbatha-Raw (; born 21 April 1983) is an English actress, known for her role as Kelly in \"\"Black Mirror\"\", Dido Elizabeth Belle in \"\"Belle\"\", Noni Jean in \"\"Beyond the Lights\"\", and Plumette in \"\"Beauty and the Beast\"\". Working in British television and stage productions, she began a recurring role in the \"\"Doctor Who\"\" series as Tish Jones, sister of Martha Jones. She garnered attention in American productions, beginning with a supporting role in the Tom Hanks comedy \"\"Larry Crowne\"\", and starring roles on the short-lived television series \"\"Undercovers\"\" and \"\"Touch\"\". She earned critical acclaim for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19457087", "chunk_text": "\"MyAnna Buring\"\ncinemas on 20 March 2009. In May 2010, she appeared as Jozefa in \"\"Witchville\"\" for SyFy in the U.S. alongside Sarah Douglas. Buring plays the role of Tanya of the Denali Coven in \"\"The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn\"\" \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\". In 2011, Buring appeared in the horror film \"\"Kill List\"\", in which she acted the part of the protagonist's wife. MyAnna Buring MyAnna Buring (; born Anna Margaretha My Rantapää; 22 September 1979) is a Swedish-born actress, known for her roles in \"\"The Descent\"\", \"\"\"\" and \"\"\"\" and \"\"Ripper Street\"\". Buring was born 22 September 1979, in Sundsvall, Sweden,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "812418", "chunk_text": "\"Tudi Wiggins\"\nTudi Wiggins Tudi Wiggins (October 10, 1935 – July 19, 2006) was a Canadian actress. She was known for her work in television soap operas. Born Mary Susan Wiggins, in Victoria, British Columbia, she played the roles of Erica Desmond/Helena Raleigh in \"\"Strange Paradise\"\" (1969–1970), Karen Martin on \"\"Guiding Light\"\" (1971–1972), Meg Dale on \"\"Love of Life\"\" (1974–1980), and Sara Kingsley on \"\"All My Children\"\" (1980–1982). In 1977 she appeared as a panelist on five episodes of the game show\"\" Match Game 77\"\". In later years, Wiggins produced, directed, and starred in her own talk show on WTZA-TV in Kingston,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17131737", "chunk_text": "\"Ramona Young\"\nRamona Young Ramona Abish Young (born May 23, 1998) is an American actress. She is known for her recurring roles on the television series \"\"Man Seeking Woman\"\", \"\"The Real O'Neals\"\", and \"\"Santa Clarita Diet\"\". Young is also known for her regular roles as Kaya on \"\"Z Nation\"\" and as Mona Wu on \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\". Young was educated in both Hong Kong, her parents' homeland, and the United States off and on until she was eight years old. Young graduated early from California State University, Los Angeles and studied acting at Playhouse West. On her family, Young stated \"\"I don’t", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6682287", "chunk_text": "\"Ramona Young\"\nRamona Young Ramona Abish Young (born May 23, 1998) is an American actress. She is known for her recurring roles on the television series \"\"Man Seeking Woman\"\", \"\"The Real O'Neals\"\", and \"\"Santa Clarita Diet\"\". Young is also known for her regular roles as Kaya on \"\"Z Nation\"\" and as Mona Wu on \"\"Legends of Tomorrow\"\". Young was educated in both Hong Kong, her parents' homeland, and the United States off and on until she was eight years old. Young graduated early from California State University, Los Angeles and studied acting at Playhouse West. On her family, Young stated \"\"I don’t", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_261	what new deal program limited production in industry?	n/a	[ "National Industrial Recovery Act", "NIRA" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597517", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nNew Deal The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1936. It responded to needs for relief, reform and recovery from the Great Depression. Major federal programs included the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), the Civil Works Administration (CWA), the Farm Security Administration (FSA), the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) and the Social Security Administration (SSA). They provided support for farmers, the unemployed, youth and the elderly. The New Deal included new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7154979", "chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nNational Recovery Administration The National Recovery Administration was a prime New Deal agency established by U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) in 1933. The goal was to eliminate \"\"cut-throat competition\"\" by bringing industry, labor, and government together to create codes of \"\"fair practices\"\" and set prices. The NRA was created by the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) and allowed industries to get together and write \"\"codes of fair competition.\"\" The codes were intended to reduce \"\"destructive competition\"\" and to help workers by setting minimum wages and maximum weekly hours, as well as minimum prices at which products could be sold.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13598460", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\ncontrol. The New Deal had many programs and new agencies, most of which were universally known by their initials. Most were abolished during World War II while others remain in operation today. They included the following: \"\"Most indexes worsened until the summer of 1932, which may be called the low point of the depression economically and psychologically\"\". Economic indicators show the American economy reached nadir in summer 1932 to February 1933, then began recovering until the recession of 1937–1938. Thus the Federal Reserve Industrial Production Index hit its low of 52.8 on July 1, 1932 and was practically unchanged at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790064", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\ntechnical progress had led to overproduction and lowered wages and prices, which they believed lowered demand and employment (deflation). He argued that government economic planning was necessary to remedy this. New Deal economists argued that cut-throat competition had hurt many businesses and that with prices having fallen 20% and more, \"\"deflation\"\" exacerbated the burden of debt and would delay recovery. They rejected a strong move in Congress to limit the workweek to 30 hours. Instead their remedy, designed in cooperation with big business, was the NIRA. It included stimulus funds for the WPA to spend and sought to raise prices,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597521", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nmillion ($ today) for relief operations by states and cities, while the short-lived CWA gave locals money to operate make-work projects in 1933–1934. The Securities Act of 1933 was enacted to prevent a repeated stock market crash. The controversial work of the National Recovery Administration (NRA) was also part of the First New Deal. The Second New Deal in 1935–1938 included the Wagner Act to protect labor organizing, the Works Progress Administration (WPA) relief program (which made the federal government by far the largest single employer in the nation), the Social Security Act and new programs to aid tenant farmers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10254791", "chunk_text": "\"Modern liberalism in the United States\"\nand price stability for the family farmer. Economic progress for minorities, however, was hindered by discrimination, an issue often avoided by Roosevelt's administration. The New Deal consisted of three types of programs designed to produce \"\"Relief, Recovery and Reform\"\": Relief was the immediate effort to help the one-third of the population that was hardest hit by the depression. Roosevelt expanded Hoover's FERA work relief program, and added the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), Public Works Administration (PWA), and starting in 1935 the Works Progress Administration (WPA). In 1935 the Social Security Act (SSA) and unemployment insurance programs were added. Separate programs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10923721", "chunk_text": "\"National Youth Administration\"\nhad positive effects on the skilled labor supply, decreased the proportions of mismatched workers and employers, and improved America's capacity for production, growth, and economic stimulation. During other times of economic hardship, unemployment, and fears of declining education, activists have agitated for a similar program to be reestablished to directly help America's next generation of involved citizens and workers. National Youth Administration The National Youth Administration (NYA) was a New Deal agency sponsored by the Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States that focused on providing work and education for Americans between the ages of 16 and 25.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19582397", "chunk_text": "\"Green New Deal\"\nGreen New Deal The Green New Deal (GND) is a proposed economic stimulus program in the United States that aims to address both economic inequality and climate change. The name refers to the New Deal, a combination of social and economic reforms and public works projects undertaken by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in response to the Great Depression. Supporters of a Green New Deal advocate for a combination of Roosevelt's economic approach with modern ideas such as renewable energy and resource efficiency. An early use of the term Green New Deal was by journalist Thomas L. Friedman. He argued in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790057", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nachieved by reducing total farm output. The Agricultural Adjustment Act created the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) in May 1933. The act reflected the demands of leaders of major farm organizations (especially the Farm Bureau) and reflected debates among Roosevelt's farm advisers such as Secretary of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace, M.L. Wilson, Rexford Tugwell and George Peek. The AAA aimed to raise prices for commodities through artificial scarcity. The AAA used a system of domestic allotments, setting total output of corn, cotton, dairy products, hogs, rice, tobacco and wheat. The farmers themselves had a voice in the process of using government", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790055", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nunprecedented scale to curb flooding, generate electricity and modernize poor farms in the Tennessee Valley region of the Southern United States. Under the Farmers' Relief Act of 1933, the government paid compensation to farmers who reduced output, thereby raising prices. As a result of this legislation, the average income of farmers almost doubled by 1937. In the 1920s, farm production had increased dramatically thanks to mechanization, more potent insecticides and increased use of fertilizer. Due to an overproduction of agricultural products, farmers faced a severe and chronic agricultural depression throughout the 1920s. The Great Depression even worsened the agricultural crises", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597524", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\n1960s, Lyndon B. Johnson's Great Society used the New Deal as inspiration for a dramatic expansion of liberal programs, which Republican Richard Nixon generally retained. However, after 1974 the call for deregulation of the economy gained bipartisan support. The New Deal regulation of banking (Glass–Steagall Act) lasted until it was suspended in the 1990s. Several New Deal programs remain active and those operating under the original names include the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC), the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). The largest programs still in existence today are the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790088", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nenterprise in favor of the imposition of strict controls on prices and wages. These controls shared broad support among labor and business, resulting in cooperation between the two groups and the U.S. government. This cooperation resulted in the government subsidizing business and labor through both direct and indirect methods. Conservative domination of Congress during the war meant that all welfare projects and reforms had to have their approval, which was given when business supported the project. For example, the Coal Mines Inspection and Investigation Act of 1941 significantly reduced fatality rates in the coal-mining industry, saving workers' lives and company", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790060", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nstatutory plan to regulate and control agricultural production, [is] a matter beyond the powers delegated to the federal government\"\". The AAA was replaced by a similar program that did win Court approval. Instead of paying farmers for letting fields lie barren, this program subsidized them for planting soil enriching crops such as alfalfa that would not be sold on the market. Federal regulation of agricultural production has been modified many times since then, but together with large subsidies is still in effect today. The Farm Tenancy Act in 1937 was the last major New Deal legislation that concerned farming. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17584697", "chunk_text": "\"The Living New Deal\"\nworkforce was unemployed and national output had fallen by one-third. To address the economic collapse and resulting human suffering, President Roosevelt declared a \"\"new deal for the American people.\"\" Within days of his inauguration, he had launched The New Deal, an innovative constellation of federal programs aimed at restoring financial stability, stabilizing industry and agriculture, increasing relief efforts, and employing millions of desperate workers. The economy began a rapid revival from 1933 to 1942, marred by a sharp recession in 1937. National output recovered to pre-Depression levels just before the outbreak of World War II, which absorbed the last of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6404050", "chunk_text": "\"Defense Production Act\"\nDefense Production Act The Defense Production Act () is a United States federal law enacted on September 8, 1950, in response to the start of the Korean War. It was part of a broad civil defense and war mobilization effort in the context of the Cold War. Its implementing regulations, the Defense Priorities and Allocation System (DPAS), are located at 15 CFR §§700 to 700.93. The Act has been periodically reauthorized and amended, and remains in force as of 2017. The Act contains three major sections. The first authorizes the President to require businesses to sign contracts or fulfill orders", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11009767", "chunk_text": "\"National Recovery Administration\"\nsame to contain any fraudulent or fictitious statement or entry, in any matter within the jurisdiction of any department or agency of the United States or of any corporation in which the United States of America is a stockholder … This form of the statute, in slightly modified form, still exists today at . National Recovery Administration The National Recovery Administration was a prime New Deal agency established by U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) in 1933. The goal was to eliminate \"\"cut-throat competition\"\" by bringing industry, labor, and government together to create codes of \"\"fair practices\"\" and set prices.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17584702", "chunk_text": "\"The Living New Deal\"\nDeal's critics to erase its memory destroyed many identifying markers on New Deal-era buildings and removed public artwork commissioned by the FAP and Treasury Department. The Living New Deal The Living New Deal is a research project and online public archive documenting the scope and impact of the New Deal on American lives and the national landscape. The project focuses on public works programs, which put millions of unemployed to work, saved families from destitution, and renovated the infrastructure of the United States. What is more, most New Deal public works - schools, roads, dams, waterworks, hospitals and more -", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7298993", "chunk_text": "\"National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933\"\nthese industrial codes for all industries to adopt.\"\" However, the NIRA was declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1935 and not replaced. The legislation was enacted in June 1933 during the Great Depression in the United States as part of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's New Deal legislative program. Section 7(a) of the bill, which protected collective bargaining rights for unions, proved contentious (especially in the Senate), but both chambers eventually passed the legislation. President Roosevelt signed the bill into law on June 16, 1933. The Act had two main sections (or \"\"titles\"\"). Title I was devoted to industrial recovery,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790077", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nthe projects had to be costly in terms of labor, long-term beneficial and the WPA was forbidden to compete with private enterprises—therefore the workers had to be paid smaller wages. The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was created to return the unemployed to the work force. The WPA financed a variety of projects such as hospitals, schools and roads, and employed more than 8.5 million workers who built 650,000 miles of highways and roads, 125,000 public buildings as well as bridges, reservoirs, irrigation systems, parks, playgrounds and so on. Prominent projects were the Lincoln Tunnel, the Triborough Bridge, the LaGuardia Airport,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8610872", "chunk_text": "\"Defense Production Administration\"\nDefense Production Administration The Defense Production Administration (DPA) was an independent agency of the United States government whose function was to oversee and control defense production programs of the United States during wartime mobilization. The Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM) had been established by Executive Order 10193 (issued December 16, 1950) under the authority of the Defense Production Act of 1950. ODM's charge was to regulate the economy so that defense production needs could be met, even if this meant restricting the flow of goods and services to the civilian sector of the economy. The Defense Production Administration was established", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790068", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nConnally's federal Hot Oil Act of 1935, which guaranteed that illegal \"\"hot oil\"\" would not be sold. By the time NRA ended in May 1935, well over 2 million employers accepted the new standards laid down by the NRA, which had introduced a minimum wage and an eight-hour workday, together with abolishing child labor. These standards were reintroduced by the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. The New Deal had an important impact in the housing field. The New Deal followed and increased President Hoover's lead and seek measures. The New Deal sought to stimulate the private home building industry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19124607", "chunk_text": "\"National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933\"\nslightly modified form, still exists today at . National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) was a US labor law and consumer law passed by the US Congress to authorize the President to regulate industry for fair wages and prices that would stimulate economic recovery. It also established a national public works program known as the Public Works Administration (PWA, not to be confused with the WPA of 1935). The National Recovery Administration (NRA) portion was widely hailed in 1933, but by 1934 business' opinion of the act had soured. By March 1934", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790072", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nDeal\"\" and note that it was more liberal and more controversial than the \"\"First New Deal\"\" of 1933–1934. Until 1935 there were just a dozen states that had old age insurance laws, but these programs were woefully underfunded and therefore almost worthless. Just one state (Wisconsin) had an insurance program. The United States was the only modern industrial country where people faced the Depression without any national system of social security. The work programs of the \"\"First New Deal\"\" such as CWA and FERA were designed for immediate relief, for a year or two. The most important program of 1935", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10254794", "chunk_text": "\"Modern liberalism in the United States\"\n(in the sense of state ownership of the means of production), and only one major program, the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA), involved government ownership of the means of production (that is power plants and electrical grids). The conservatives feared the New Deal meant socialism; Roosevelt noted privately in 1934 that the \"\"old line press harps increasingly on state socialism and demands the return to the good old days\"\". The New Deal was racially segregated; blacks and whites rarely worked alongside each other in New Deal programs. The largest relief program by far was the WPA; it operated segregated units, as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13598461", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\n54.3 on March 1, 1933, but by July 1, 1933 it reached 85.5 (with 1935–39 = 100 and for comparison 2005 = 1,342). In Roosevelt's 12 years in office, the economy had an 8.5% compound annual growth of GDP, the highest growth rate in the history of any industrial country, but recovery was slow and by 1939 the gross domestic product (GDP) per adult was still 27% below trend. New Deal The New Deal was a series of programs, public work projects, financial reforms and regulations enacted by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in the United States between 1933 and 1936.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790066", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nTo mobilize political support for the NRA, Johnson launched the \"\"NRA Blue Eagle\"\" publicity campaign to boost what he called \"\"industrial self-government\"\". The NRA brought together leaders in each industry to design specific sets of codes for that industry—the most important provisions were anti-deflationary floors below which no company would lower prices or wages and agreements on maintaining employment and production. In a remarkably short time, the NRA announced agreements from almost every major industry in the nation. By March 1934, industrial production was 45% higher than in March 1933. NRA Administrator Hugh Johnson was showing signs of mental breakdown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597525", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nSocial Security System and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). From 1929 to 1933 manufacturing output decreased by one third, which economists call the Great Contraction. Prices fell by 20%, causing deflation that made repaying debts much harder. Unemployment in the United States increased from 4% to 25%. Additionally, one-third of all employed persons were downgraded to working part-time on much smaller paychecks. In the aggregate, almost 50% of the nation's human work-power was going unused. Before the New Deal, there was no insurance on deposits at banks. When thousands of banks closed, depositors lost their savings as at that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7298992", "chunk_text": "\"National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933\"\nNational Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 The National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 (NIRA) was a US labor law and consumer law passed by the US Congress to authorize the President to regulate industry for fair wages and prices that would stimulate economic recovery. It also established a national public works program known as the Public Works Administration (PWA, not to be confused with the WPA of 1935). The National Recovery Administration (NRA) portion was widely hailed in 1933, but by 1934 business' opinion of the act had soured. By March 1934 the \"\"NRA was engaged chiefly in drawing up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790076", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\ncents per hour) for most categories of workers. Child labour of children under the age of 16 was forbidden, children under 18 years were forbidden to work in hazardous employment. As a result, the wages of 300,000 workers, especially in the South, were increased and the hours of 1.3 million were reduced. It was the last major New Deal legislation and it passed with support of Northern industrialists who wanted to stop the drain of jobs to the low-wage South. Roosevelt nationalized unemployment relief through the Works Progress Administration (WPA), headed by close friend Harry Hopkins. Roosevelt had insisted that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17584688", "chunk_text": "\"The Living New Deal\"\nThe Living New Deal The Living New Deal is a research project and online public archive documenting the scope and impact of the New Deal on American lives and the national landscape. The project focuses on public works programs, which put millions of unemployed to work, saved families from destitution, and renovated the infrastructure of the United States. What is more, most New Deal public works - schools, roads, dams, waterworks, hospitals and more - continued to function for decades and tens of thousands still exist today. The centerpiece of the Living New Deal is a website that catalogs and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14877254", "chunk_text": "\"Second New Deal\"\nSecond New Deal The Second New Deal is the term used by commentators at the time and historians ever since to characterize the second stage, 1935–36, of the New Deal programs of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. In his address to Congress in January 1935, Roosevelt called for five major goals: improved use of national resources, security against old age, unemployment and illness, and slum clearance, as well as a national work relief program (the Works Progress Administration) to replace direct relief efforts. It is usually dated 1935-36, and includes programs to redistribute wealth, income and power in favor of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4977242", "chunk_text": "\"National Production Authority\"\nNational Production Authority The National Production Authority (NPA) was an agency of the United States government which developed and promoted the production and supply of materials and facilities necessary for defense mobilization. It was part of the Department of Commerce. The agency was created by Department Order 123, issued September 11, 1950, under authority of the Defense Production Act of 1950 and Executive Order 10161 (issued September 9, 1950). The organization's function was to ensure the needs of the civilian economy were adequately represented in defense mobilization efforts, and that small businesses were participating in defense contracts. In 1951, after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790062", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nHouse nonetheless tried to end the program, now known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, while the Senate fought to preserve it. Recovery was the effort in numerous programs to restore the economy to normal health. By most economic indicators, this was achieved by 1937—except for unemployment, which remained stubbornly high until World War II began. Recovery was designed to help the economy bounce back from depression. Economic historians led by Price Fishback have examined the impact of New Deal spending on improving health conditions in the 114 largest cities, 1929–1937. They estimated that every additional $153,000 in relief spending", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20488421", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal of the Mind\"\nNew Deal of the Mind New Deal of the Mind was established in 2009. During 2013 it closed down its website and became a dormant, non-trading, company. NDotM developed from an article published in the \"\"New Statesman\"\" in January 2009 by Martin Bright, the magazine’s former political editor. In this piece, Bright suggested that cultural elements of the Works Progress Administration (WPA), part of US President Franklin D Roosevelt’s post-Great Depression New Deal, be adapted for the UK today. Bright listed the achievements of the WPA: 3,500 branch libraries created, 4,400 musical performances every month by the Federal Music Project,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3073701", "chunk_text": "\"War Production Board\"\nWar Production Board The War Production Board (WPB) was an agency of the United States government that supervised war production during World War II. President Franklin D. Roosevelt established it in January, 1942, with Executive Order 9024. The WPB replaced the Supply Priorities and Allocation Board and the Office of Production Management. The WPB directed conversion of industries from peacetime work to war needs, allocated scarce materials, established priorities in the distribution of materials and services, and prohibited nonessential production. It rationed such commodities as gasoline, heating oil, metals, rubber, paper and plastics. It was dissolved shortly after the defeat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9388713", "chunk_text": "\"National Production Authority\"\nthe escalation of the Korean War, the NPA was placed under the control of the Defense Production Administration in the Office of Defense Mobilization. The NPA was abolished by Department Order 152, issued October 1, 1953. Its functions were dispersed among a number of successor agencies, including the Business and Defense Services Administration (1953–1970); the Bureau of Domestic Commerce (1970–1972); the Domestic and International Business Administration (1972–1977); the Industry and Trade Administration (1977–1980); and the International Trade Administration (1980–present). National Production Authority The National Production Authority (NPA) was an agency of the United States government which developed and promoted the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790087", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\npleading for people to work in the war factories. The barriers for married women, the old, the unskilled—and (in the North and West) the barriers for racial minorities—were lowered. In 1929, federal expenditures accounted for only 3% of GNP. Between 1933 and 1939, federal expenditures tripled, but the national debt as a percent of GNP showed little change. Spending on the war effort quickly eclipsed spending on New Deal programs. In 1944, government spending on the war effort exceeded 40% of GNP. The U.S. economy experienced dramatic growth during the Second World War mostly due to the deemphasis of free", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597533", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nReserve Index of Industrial Production sank to its lowest point of 52.8 in July 1932 (with 1935–1939 = 100) and was practically unchanged at 54.3 in March 1933. However, by July 1933 it reached 85.5, a dramatic rebound of 57% in four months. Recovery was steady and strong until 1937. Except for employment, the economy by 1937 surpassed the levels of the late 1920s. The Recession of 1937 was a temporary downturn. Private sector employment, especially in manufacturing, recovered to the level of the 1920s, but failed to advance further until the war. The U.S. population was 124,840,471 in 1932", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597559", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\ngive more bargaining power for unions (so the workers could purchase more) and reduce harmful competition. At the center of the NIRA was the National Recovery Administration (NRA), headed by former General Hugh S. Johnson, who had been a senior economic official in World War I. Johnson called on every business establishment in the nation to accept a stopgap \"\"blanket code\"\": a minimum wage of between 20 and 45 cents per hour, a maximum workweek of 35–45 hours and the abolition of child labor. Johnson and Roosevelt contended that the \"\"blanket code\"\" would raise consumer purchasing power and increase employment.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4628866", "chunk_text": "\"Timeline of the Great Depression\"\nU.S. government rose from $16.9 billion to over $23 billion. This \"\"Economy\"\" Act was designed to reduce government outlays and assuage fears about government debt and deficits. March 31st - The Civilian Conservation Corps, a public works relief program, is created. It would last until 1942 and is an icon of the New Deal programs. April 5th - Executive Order 6102 of President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued, forbidding hoarding of gold coin, bullion, and certificates, effective from May 1, 1933 May 12th - the Agricultural Adjustment Act is enacted, designed to boost agricultural prices by reducing surpluses. May 27th -", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597620", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nto participatory democracy and call instead for more emphasis on conflict and exploitation. At first, the New Deal created programs primarily for men as it was assumed that the husband was the \"\"breadwinner\"\" (the provider) and if they had jobs the whole family would benefit. It was the social norm for women to give up jobs when they married—in many states, there were laws that prevented both husband and wife holding regular jobs with the government. So too in the relief world, it was rare for both husband and wife to have a relief job on FERA or the WPA.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10206142", "chunk_text": "Zaibatsu\nnot controlled by specific families, and not in terms of business practices. The \"\"zaibatsu\"\" had been viewed with some ambivalence by the Japanese military, which nationalized a significant portion of their production capability during World War II. Remaining assets were also highly damaged by the destruction during the war. Under the Allied occupation after the surrender of Japan, a partially successful attempt was made to dissolve the \"\"zaibatsu\"\". Many of the economic advisors accompanying the SCAP administration had experience with the New Deal program under the American President, Roosevelt, and were highly suspicious of monopolies and restrictive business practices, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10189387", "chunk_text": "\"Causes of the Great Depression\"\nis Cole and Ohanian's work. Cole-Ohanian point at two policies of New Deal: the National Industrial Recovery Act and National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), the latter strengthening NIRA's labor provision. According to Cole-Ohanian New Deal policies created cartelization, high wages, and high prices in at least manufacturing and some energy and mining industries. Roosevelts policies against the severity of the Depression like the NIRA, a \"\"code of fair competition\"\" for each industry were aimed to reduce cutthroat competition in a period of severe deflation, which was seen as the cause for lowered demand and employment. The NIRA suspended antitrust laws", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2790069", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nand increase the number of individuals who owned homes. The New Deal implemented two new housing agencies; Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) and the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). HOLC set uniform national appraisal methods and simplified the mortgage process. The Federal Housing Administration (FHA) created national standards for home construction. Reform was based on the assumption that the depression was caused by the inherent instability of the market and that government intervention was necessary to rationalize and stabilize the economy and to balance the interests of farmers, business and labor. Reforms targeted the causes of the depression and sought to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13598447", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nsome of its employment programs \"\"new deal\"\", in contrast to the Conservative Party's promise of the \"\"British Dream\"\". The Works Progress Administration subsidized artists, musicians, painters and writers on relief with a group of projects called Federal One. While the WPA program was by far the most widespread, it was preceded by three programs administered by the US Treasury which hired commercial artists at usual commissions to add murals and sculptures to federal buildings. The first of these efforts was the short-lived Public Works of Art Project, organized by Edward Bruce, an American businessman and artist. Bruce also led the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597622", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nof clothing and bedding to be given away to families on relief and to hospitals and orphanages. Women also were hired for the WPA's school lunch program. Both men and women were hired for the small but highly publicized arts programs (such as music, theater, and writing). The Social Security program was designed to help retired workers and widows but did not include domestic workers, farmers or farm laborers, the jobs most often held by blacks. However, Social Security was not a relief program and it was not designed for short-term needs, as very few people received benefits before 1942.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597518", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\nand efforts to re-inflate the economy after prices had fallen sharply. New Deal programs included both laws passed by Congress as well as presidential executive orders during the first term of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt. The programs focused on what historians refer to as the \"\"3 Rs\"\": relief for the unemployed and poor, recovery of the economy back to normal levels and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression. The New Deal produced a political realignment, making the Democratic Party the majority (as well as the party that held the White House for seven out", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597557", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\n(in 1935 dollars, or $1.95 million in year 2000 dollars) was associated with a reduction of one infant death, one suicide and 2.4 deaths from infectious disease. From 1929 to 1933, the industrial economy suffered from a vicious cycle of deflation. Since 1931, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the voice of the nation's organized business, promoted an anti-deflationary scheme that would permit trade associations to cooperate in government-instigated cartels to stabilize prices within their industries. While existing antitrust laws clearly forbade such practices, organized business found a receptive ear in the Roosevelt Administration. Roosevelt's advisers believed that excessive competition and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8610875", "chunk_text": "\"Defense Production Administration\"\nOrder 10433 on February 4, 1953. Its functions were transferred to its parent agency, the Office of Defense Mobilization. Defense Production Administration The Defense Production Administration (DPA) was an independent agency of the United States government whose function was to oversee and control defense production programs of the United States during wartime mobilization. The Office of Defense Mobilization (ODM) had been established by Executive Order 10193 (issued December 16, 1950) under the authority of the Defense Production Act of 1950. ODM's charge was to regulate the economy so that defense production needs could be met, even if this meant restricting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13597591", "chunk_text": "\"New Deal\"\npromulgated Executive Order 8802 in June 1941, which established the President's Committee on Fair Employment Practices (FEPC) \"\"to receive and investigate complaints of discrimination\"\" so that \"\"there shall be no discrimination in the employment of workers in defense industries or government because of race, creed, color, or national origin\"\". A major result of the full employment at high wages was a sharp, long lasting decrease in the level of income inequality (Great Compression). The gap between rich and poor narrowed dramatically in the area of nutrition because food rationing and price controls provided a reasonably priced diet to everyone. White", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_262	fast & furious 8 release date in india?	n/a	[ "April 12, 2017" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2599967", "chunk_text": "\"The Fate of the Furious\"\nstarring Johnson and Statham's characters is scheduled for release in August 2019. The Fate of the Furious The Fate of the Furious (alternatively known as Fast & Furious 8 and Fast 8, and often stylized as F8) is a 2017 American action film directed by F. Gary Gray and written by Chris Morgan. It is the eighth installment in \"\"The Fast and the Furious\"\" franchise. The film stars Vin Diesel, Dwayne Johnson, Jason Statham, Michelle Rodriguez, Tyrese Gibson, Chris \"\"Ludacris\"\" Bridges, Scott Eastwood, Nathalie Emmanuel, Elsa Pataky, Kurt Russell and Charlize Theron. \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\" follows Dominic Toretto", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10547767", "chunk_text": "\"The Fate of the Furious\"\ncar and you earned my respect,' he admits to the FF hero. Dom's response is equally magnanimous: 'Keep your car, your respect is good enough for me.' In this instance, FF8 captures the essence of the relations between the United States and Cuba: it's all about mutual respect.\"\" On February 3, 2016, Universal Pictures set initial release dates for the two remaining films in the franchise. The first, tentatively titled \"\"Fast & Furious 9\"\", is scheduled to be released on April 10, 2020. The second, still unnamed, is set to release in 2021. Meanwhile, a spin-off film, \"\"Hobbs & Shaw\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5548864", "chunk_text": "\"The Fate of the Furious\"\nThe Fate of the Furious The Fate of the Furious (alternatively known as Fast & Furious 8 and Fast 8, and often stylized as F8) is a 2017 American action film directed by F. Gary Gray and written by Chris Morgan. It is the eighth installment in \"\"The Fast and the Furious\"\" franchise. The film stars Vin Diesel, Dwayne Johnson, Jason Statham, Michelle Rodriguez, Tyrese Gibson, Chris \"\"Ludacris\"\" Bridges, Scott Eastwood, Nathalie Emmanuel, Elsa Pataky, Kurt Russell and Charlize Theron. \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\" follows Dominic Toretto (Diesel), who has settled down with his wife Letty Ortiz (Rodriguez), until", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12416033", "chunk_text": "\"The Fast and the Furious\"\nof the Furious\"\", which was released in April 2017, starting a new trilogy of movies which will end the entire franchise. Originally the ninth movie was supposed to be released April 2019 and followed by the tenth movie in April 2021. However, Universal proceeded to start a spin-off movie with Dwayne Johnson and Jason Statham called \"\"Hobbs & Shaw\"\", which now occupies the 2019 release date. This caused tensions between Dwayne Johnson, Vin Diesel and Tyrese as it delayed the release of \"\"Fast & Furious 9\"\". Universal later announced that both films will be released back-to-back on April 2020 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2599914", "chunk_text": "\"The Fate of the Furious\"\nCity, continuing the franchise's tradition of filming in exotic locations around the world. \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\" premiered in Berlin on April 4, 2017, and was theatrically released in the United States on April 14, 2017, playing in 3D, IMAX 3D and 4DX internationally. The film received mixed reviews from critics, many of whom praised the action sequences and acting performances but criticized the storyline. The film grossed over $1.2 billion worldwide, making it the thirtieth film (and the second in the franchise, after \"\"Furious 7\"\") to gross over $1 billion, the third highest-grossing film of 2017 and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19214531", "chunk_text": "\"The Fast and the Furious\"\nAtlanta, Georgia and Boston, Massachusetts. Vin Diesel announced in an interview with \"\"Variety\"\" that potential spin-offs were in the early stages of development. A spin-off film centered around Luke Hobbs and Deckard Shaw was announced by Universal and set with a release date of July 26, 2019, with \"\"Variety\"\" reporting that Shane Black was being considered to direct and Morgan returning to write the script. The announcement of the spin-off provoked a response on Instagram by Tyrese Gibson, criticizing Johnson for causing the ninth \"\"Fast & Furious\"\" film to be delayed for another year. On October 23, 2017, Dwayne Johnson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13725655", "chunk_text": "\"The Fast and the Furious\"\nstunt drivers, pyrotechnics and projection mapping. The show had two preview shows on January 11–12, 2018 at Liverpool's Echo Arena. It officially began its tour at London's The O2 Arena on January 19, 2018, followed by a worldwide tour until later in 2018. On March 1, 2018, it was revealed on the tour's website that five new dates had been released for September. The following list is sourced from the tour's website. The film series has spawned several racing video games for various systems. The arcade game \"\"The Fast and the Furious\"\" (known as \"\"Wild Speed\"\" in Japan) was released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2599930", "chunk_text": "\"The Fate of the Furious\"\ninternationally, and received a day-and-date release across major markets such as Australia, the United Kingdom, China, and India, beginning on April 12, 2017. The film was released day-and-date in 1,074 IMAX screens around the world, making it the widest day-and-date opening in IMAX history. \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\" was released on 4K, Blu-ray, DVD and Digital HD on July 11, 2017. \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\" grossed $226 million in the United States and Canada and $1.010 billion in other territories for a worldwide total of $1.236 billion, against a production budget of $250 million ($350 million including marketing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15781908", "chunk_text": "\"Furious 7\"\nits opening weekend, which is the sixth highest-grossing opening of all time. The film has grossed over $1.5 billion worldwide, making it the highest-grossing film of the franchise after just twelve days, the third highest-grossing film of 2015 and the seventh highest-grossing film of all time. A sequel, \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\", was released on April 14, 2017. After defeating Owen Shaw and his crew and securing amnesty for their past crimes (depicted in \"\"Fast & Furious 6\"\"), Dominic \"\"Dom\"\" Toretto, Brian O'Conner and the rest of their team have returned to the United States to live normal lives", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12126419", "chunk_text": "\"The Fate of the Furious\"\ninstallment. Filming also took place in Atlanta and New York City. Brian Tyler, who scored the third, fourth, fifth, and seventh installments, was tapped to compose the film score for the eighth picture. A soundtrack album by Atlantic Records was released on April 14, 2017, coinciding with the film's US theatrical release. The film's score album was released on April 27, by Back Lot Music. \"\"The Fate of the Furious\"\" had its world premiere in Berlin on April 4, 2017. The film was theatrically released in the United States on April 14, 2017, playing in 3D, IMAX 3D, and 4DX", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16363466", "chunk_text": "\"The Fast and the Furious\"\nDiesel announced the ninth film and tenth film would be released on April 10, 2020, and April 2, 2021, respectively, and that the tenth film would serve as the final film in the series. Justin Lin is reportedly in line to direct the ninth installment. It was also announced that Jordana Brewster would return for the ninth installment. In May 2018, Daniel Casey from \"\"Kin\"\", was announced to write a screenplay for the ninth film, making it the first film in the franchise since \"\"2 Fast 2 Furious\"\" without long-time screenwriter Chris Morgan. Filming will begin in April 2019 in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14999322", "chunk_text": "\"Bajrangi Bhaijaan\"\nin length to 140 minutes. The film released in China on 2 March 2018. In January 2018, it was announced that the film will be getting a wide release, on 8,000 screens in China, building on the Chinese box office success of Aamir Khan's \"\"Dangal\"\" and \"\"Secret Superstar\"\" (2017), and \"\"Bajrangi Bhaijaan\"\"s positive word-of-mouth. On 6 February 2018, the film had advance screenings in 29 Chinese cities, receiving a positive reception from audiences. It also had a limited preview on 25 February 2018. The film's China premiere on 27 February 2018 was attended by Kabir Khan and Harshali Malhotra. Its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19214532", "chunk_text": "\"The Fast and the Furious\"\nposted a video on Instagram which showed the finished script for the spin-off, titled \"\"Hobbs & Shaw\"\". In February 2018, David Leitch entered talks to direct the film, which was confirmed later that April. In March 2018, it was reported that the film would start production in September 2018. In May 2018, the release date of the film was pushed back a week to August 2, 2019. On July 5, 2018, Idris Elba was cast to play the villain. On April 23, 2018, it was announced that Universal and DreamWorks Animation are creating an animated series based on the franchise", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14553944", "chunk_text": "\"Villain (2017 film)\"\noffice after taking a sabbatical but is re-enlisted to deal with one last case involving a series of connected murders. Unnikrishnan wrote \"\"Villain\"\" in two and a half years. Principal photography began on 3 March 2017 in Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, and ended in mid-June. \"\"Villain\"\" is the first Indian film to be completely filmed in 8K resolution. It was released in India on 27 October 2017 and internationally on 2 November, debuting in the United Arab Emirates. The film was later dubbed into Hindi as \"\"Kaun Hai Villain\"\" in 2018 by RKD Studios.The movie was just a \"\"marginal hit\"\" due to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11190625", "chunk_text": "\"Furious 7\"\nfirst such installation in the U.S. and the second worldwide, following \"\"\"\", which opened at Scotiabank Theatre in Toronto in December 2014. According to infringement tracking site \"\"Excipio\"\", the film was downloaded illegally 2.59 million times in four days (April 2–6) through various torrent sites with India being the top country for the illegal downloading with 578,000 downloads followed by Pakistan (321,000), China (289,000), the U.S. (251,000) and the UK (101,000). A survey revealed that most Indians tended to resort to copyright violation due to lack of availability, pricing concerns, soaring internet costs and censorship, but the main reason being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4052976", "chunk_text": "\"The Fate of the Furious\"\nhas to be as good as or better [than \"\"Furious 7\"\"]\"\". At the 2015 CinemaCon in Las Vegas, Diesel announced the film for an April 14, 2017 release date. On August 16, 2015, at the 2015 Teen Choice Awards (where \"\"Furious 7\"\" received the award for Choice Movie – Action and Walker received the award for Choice Movie Actor – Action), Diesel gave the film the initial title \"\"Fast 8\"\". In September 2015, Diesel stated that the script had almost been completed, and expressed interest in Rob Cohen, who directed the first film, to direct the eighth installment. On October", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16459949", "chunk_text": "\"Reva (film)\"\nat the banks of the Narmada river in India. The only way he could get his wealth back was to convince the Ashram to sign a No Objection Certificate. Thus, Karan embarks on a journey to the remote Ashram with little expectation of the adventures he was about to encounter that would set in motion events beyond his control. The film was released on 6 April 2018 across Gujarat and Maharashtra. The film opened to the positive reviews. Shruti Jambhekar of \"\"The Times of India\"\" giving in 3.5 out of 5. She praised story and adaptation, performances and cinematography but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10996555", "chunk_text": "\"Fast & Furious 6\"\nphotography began in London, England in July 2012. Filming locations also included the Canary Islands, Glasgow, and Los Angeles. The film was first released in the United Kingdom, on May 17, 2013, followed by an international release on May 24, 2013. A sequel was released on April 3, 2015. Following their successful heist in Brazil (depicted in Fast Five), Dominic \"\"Dom\"\" Toretto and his professional criminal crew have fled around the world: Dom lives with Elena; his sister Mia lives with Brian O'Conner and their son, Jack; Gisele and Han live together; and Roman and Tej live in luxury. Meanwhile,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16160615", "chunk_text": "\"Ocean's 8\"\nAustralia ($4.7 million), Mexico ($2.6 million) and Brazil ($1.7 million). By its third week of release (where it made $26.9 million), the film had an international total of $70.9 million. Its largest markets were United Kingdom ($14 million), Australia ($13.6 million), Japan ($11.7 million), South Korea ($10.8 million), Germany ($7.4 million), Mexico ($6.3 million), and Brazil ($5.6 million). \"\"Ocean's 8\"\" was first released on Digital HD on August 21, 2018. Warner Bros. Home Entertainment then released the film on DVD, Blu-ray, and 4K UHD Combo Pack on September 11, 2018. The film debuted at the top of the NPD VideoScan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1172254", "chunk_text": "\"Mohalla Assi\"\nCourt allowed the release of the film with one cut and adult certification, setting aside the order of CBFC. . After so many delayed Sunny Deol announced the release date on 21 September 2018. It was released on 16 November 2018. Prior to its release Mohalla Assi leaked online on 11 August 2015. Hyoti Sharma Bawa of Hindustan Times stated that Mohalla Assi could have been good film and gave it 2 out of 5 stars. Kunal Guha of Mumbai Mirror stated the film is a depressing depiction of Varanasi's issues and gave it 1.5 out of 5 star. Troy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9020423", "chunk_text": "\"2.0 (film)\"\nmakeup and animatronics, with visual effects supervised by V. Srinivas Mohan. Editing was handled by Anthony and production design was conducted by T. Muthuraj. \"\"2.0\"\" was released worldwide in both 3D and conventional format on 29 November 2018, along with its dubbed versions in Telugu and Hindi. It received generally positive reviews upon release. Critics particularly praised the film's visual effects, performances of Rajinikanth and Kumar, and social message; the pace and screenplay received criticism. It earned worldwide on its first day, which was the second highest ever for an Indian film. The film crossed in its opening weekend to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14999323", "chunk_text": "\"Bajrangi Bhaijaan\"\nrelease date of 2 March 2018 marks the Lantern Festival, which celebrates families coming together. It was released in Turkey on 17 August 2018 on 190 screens. In the first weekend it grossed approx $89,796 with a spectator count of 8,389. The film holds a 100% rating on Rotten Tomatoes, based on reviews from twelve critics. \"\"Bajrangi Bhaijaan\"\" grossed worldwide in its first week, beating the previous record of worldwide by \"\"PK\"\". The film went on to net and gross in India and grossed overseas for a worldwide gross of in 31 days. \"\"Bajrangi Bhaijaan\"\" became the quickest film to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12126408", "chunk_text": "\"The Fate of the Furious\"\nfifteenth highest-grossing film of all time. The film grossed $542 million worldwide during its opening weekend, which is the second highest-grossing worldwide opening of all time behind \"\"\"\" (2018). A sequel is scheduled to be released on April 10, 2020. Dominic \"\"Dom\"\" Toretto and Letty Ortiz are on their honeymoon in Havana when Dom's cousin Fernando gets in trouble owing money to local racer Raldo. Sensing Raldo is a loan shark, Dom challenges Raldo to a race, pitting Fernando's reworked car against Raldo's, and wagering his own show car. After narrowly winning the race, Dom allows Raldo to keep his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2808622", "chunk_text": "\"Dangal (film)\"\nincluding actress Liu Yifei and actor Wu Gang. It released theatrically in China on 5 May 2017, on 9,000 screens, \"\"the widest ever release for an Indian film in any territory\"\", and opened to overwhelming response from critics and audiences alike. However, the film was trimmed by 20 minutes \"\"to be in line with what the Chinese are used to.\"\" The film released in Hong Kong on 24 August 2017. In June 2017, Aamir Khan announced plans to release the film in Japan and South America. \"\"Dangal\"\" released in Japan on 6 April 2018, and was the first film to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14717489", "chunk_text": "\"Mowgli: Legend of the Jungle\"\nthe film, announcing a new title change, \"\"Mowgli: Legend of the Jungle\"\", as well as its limited theatrical release on November 29, 2018, and its subsequent streaming release on December 7, 2018. The film had its world premiere in Mumbai on November 25, 2018, the first time a Hollywood film premiered in India. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 53% based on 86 reviews, with an average rating of 5.5/10. The website's critical consenses reads, \"\"\"\"Mowgli: Legend of the Jungle\"\" brings impressive special effects to bear on the darker side of its classic source", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11190648", "chunk_text": "\"Furious 7\"\nit has to be as good as or better [than \"\"Furious 7\"\"]\"\". At the 2015 CinemaCon in Las Vegas, Diesel announced the film for an April 14, 2017 release date. On August 16, 2015, at the 2015 Teen Choice Awards (where \"\"Furious 7\"\" received the award for Choice Movie – Action and Walker received the award for Choice Movie Actor – Action), Diesel gave the film the initial title \"\"Fast 8\"\". In September 2015, Diesel stated that the script had almost been completed, and expressed interest in Rob Cohen, who directed the first film, to direct the eighth installment. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6964454", "chunk_text": "\"Enakku Vaaitha Adimaigal\"\nbody language of American actor Dwayne Johnson for his role. The film was officially launched on 22 June 2016, with a poster of the film released depicting the technical crew as a part of a WhatsApp group conversation. The film was shot extensively in the final quarter of 2016 across Kodaikanal and Puducherry. In December 2016, Santhanam shot for a cameo appearance in the film. The film was initially announced to be releasing on 14 January 2017, during the Pongal holidays in Tamil Nadu, but was later delayed after most screens were handed to the Vijay-starrer \"\"Bairavaa\"\". The film was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4506544", "chunk_text": "\"Fast & Furious 6\"\nThe game also featured missions and locations based on the plot of the film, and allowed players to join forces with \"\"Fast & Furious 6\"\" characters. REG offered players of \"\"Car Town\"\" the ability to purchase tickets in-game via Fandango for films at REG theaters. By buying these tickets in-game, players were given promotional codes which in turn allowed them to unlock a virtual 2013 Dodge Charger SRT8. The premiere of \"\"Fast & Furious 6\"\" took place on May 7, 2013, at the Empire cinema in Leicester Square, London. The film was released in the United Kingdom on May 17,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12519780", "chunk_text": "\"Kaala (2018 film)\"\n6 June 2018, followed by a release in 1,800 theatres in India on 7 June 2018. The film was also dubbed into Telugu and released as \"\"Kaala\"\" and in Hindi as \"\"Kaala Karikalan\"\". \"\"Kaala\"\" is the first Indian film ever to be released in Saudi Arabia, following the country lifting its ban on public theatres in December 2017. In Mumbai, the people who had migrated from Tamil Nadu are living in the slum of Dharavi. Union Minister Haridev \"\"Hari Dhadha\"\" Abhayankar (Nana Patekar) tries to evict the people and seize their land. Over the years, he becomes a minister and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "588474", "chunk_text": "\"Fast & Furious: Supercharged\"\nStudios Hollywood on June 25, 2015. The ride was announced for Universal Studios Florida on August 25, 2015; it opened on April 23, 2018, replacing Disaster! and Beetlejuice's Rock and Roll Graveyard Revue. The ride is based mainly on the sixth installment of the \"\"Fast & Furious\"\" franchise, which features Luke Evans as the villain on both the film and ride. On May 2, 2018, it became the first ride to be confirmed in Universal Studios Beijing, which is scheduled to open in 2020. As the tram makes its way past Wisteria Lane during Universal's Studio Tour, to the left", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2422107", "chunk_text": "\"8 Thottakkal\"\naudio rights of \"\"8 Thottakkal\"\" under his banner, U1 Records. The film had a theatrical release on 7 April 2017, alongside Mani Ratnam's \"\"Kaatru Veliyidai\"\" (2017). In their review of the film, Sify.com wrote \"\"To conclude, \"\"8 Thottakkal\"\" definitely has minor flaws including the impassive hero and lengthy second half but still, the film is a satisfying watch\"\". The reviewer added that \"\"\"\"8 Thottakkal\"\" has plenty of positive aspects to discuss but two things have certainly reduced the quality of the film, one is the wooden hero who just can't act and the other one is unnecessary song sequences, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18668785", "chunk_text": "Firangi\nhave been about the freedom struggle and the tragedies that took place at that time, so they decided to make a story which would focus on the day-to-day lives of people and the simple moments of happiness that they shared with each other. Initially, the film was set to release on 10 November 2017, however on 12 October 2017 it was announced that the film would be releasing on 24 November 2017. On 21 November, the release date was again postponed due to the delay in obtaining a censor certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification. After obtaining a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2956750", "chunk_text": "\"Chakravarthy (2017 film)\"\nand Malaysia. The film was released on 14 April 2017 with the shows beginning at the midnight. Shankar (Darshan) is care free guy having a habit of hunting Tigers in Kodagu. After his father who is a retired army officer sends him to Bengaluru in a search of a job, he decides to wipe out Bengaluru underworld rowdies with the help of Shetty (Kumar Bangarappa) and ACP Suryakanth (Aditya). Gangster life, from the 1980s to today, is represented in this movie. The film has been under production development since early 2008. Script and dialogue writer Chintan who had finally succeeded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6878671", "chunk_text": "\"October (2018 film)\"\ndoesn't think writing to be important. For them, it's more “the actor, then the director, how you shoot the film and how expensive.” Initially, the film was scheduled to release on 1 June 2018. But in October 2017, Dhawan, in one of his tweets, revealed that the release date has been preponed. The film was released on 13 April 2018 across 2308 screens worldwide. Background score of the film is composed by Shantanu Moitra who also provided music for three tracks on the film's soundtrack album. The soundtrack is composed by Shantanu Moitra, Abhishek Arora and Anupam Roy, and features", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18406559", "chunk_text": "Padmaavat\nfor release on 1 December 2017, \"\"Padmaavat\"\" faced numerous controversies. Amid violent protests, its release was indefinitely delayed. In December, the Central Board of Film Certification approved the film with few changes, which includes the addition of multiple disclaimers and a change in title. \"\"Padmaavat\"\" was rescheduled for release on 25 January 2018 in 2D, 3D and IMAX 3D formats, making it the first Indian film to be released in IMAX 3D. \"\"Padmaavat\"\" received mixed reviews. Critics praised the visuals, the cinematography and Singh's portrayal of Khilji, but criticised its storyline, execution, length and adherence to regressive patriarchal mores. Critics", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15864580", "chunk_text": "\"The Fate of the Furious\"\ncosts). It is Universal Pictures' most ambitious worldwide distribution release in the studio's history. The film was released day-and-date in 64 territories worldwide, including almost all major markets (minus Japan), starting from April 12, 2017, and was projected to earn anywhere between $375–440 million in its five-day opening weekend. By the end of the weekend, it ended up earning $539.9 million from nearly 23,000 screens, way above initial projections, to score the biggest global opening in cinematic history. It also marked the third time that a film earned over $500 million in a single weekend, after \"\"\"\" ($529 million) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2335151", "chunk_text": "Baadshaho\n19 January 2017. Ileana D'Cruz wrapped her part of filming on 5 March 2017. The Rajasthan schedule was wrapped up on 9 March 2017. The makers earlier announced their worldwide release as 26 January 2017. However, upon the request from producers Ritesh Sidhwani and Rakesh Roshan of the films \"\"Raees\"\" and \"\"Kaabil\"\" respectively, Bhushan Kumar moved the worldwide release date to 12 May 2017. In early December 2016, Devgn announced 1 September 2017 as the worldwide release date. The soundtrack was released on 19 August 2017 by T-Series, which consists of eight songs, composed by Tanishk Bagchi, Ankit Tiwari, Abhijit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823036", "chunk_text": "\"Thugs of Hindostan\"\nHindostan\"\" was released during the week of the Diwali festival, on 8 November 2018. It received generally negative reviews; while critics praised the performances of Bachchan and Khan, Acharya's direction and screenplay were criticised. The film recorded the highest first-day collection and highest two-day collection for any Hindi film in India, and the fourth biggest opening weekend in India but later experienced a massive drop in the second weekend. \"\"Thugs of Hindostan\"\" grossed () at the worldwide box office, as of November 2018. The film is set to release in China on 28 December 2018, where a special China edition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20823046", "chunk_text": "\"Thugs of Hindostan\"\nrelease in China on 28 December 2018, edited by Aamir Khan. It has been heavily re-edited, with significant changes compared to the Indian version. The Chinese edition is set to release with a 120-minute run time, which is 44 minutes shorter than the Indian version's 164-minute run time. Khan has reportedly added, removed and re-ordered a number of scenes, made frame-by-frame edits to various scenes, and re-adjusted the narrative structure with a more compact, straightforward plot. In contrast to the Indian version giving balanced screen time to the three main characters (played by Khan, Bachchan and Sheikh), the China edition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16761309", "chunk_text": "\"Hindi Medium\"\nthe school at stake, does not agree to his proposal. Eventually, Raj gives a moving speech in the auditorium and walks away from the school. Later, Raj and Mita send Piya to the government run Hindi Medium school where Mohan studies. The film was released worldwide on 19 May 2017. \"\"Hindi Medium\"\" was declared 'tax-free' in Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Delhi. The satellite rights of \"\"Hindi Medium\"\" , along with Raabta, were sold to Sony Pictures Networks. In February 2018, following the success of Aamir Khan films such as \"\"Dangal\"\" (2016) and \"\"Secret Superstar\"\" (2017) in China, it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4883040", "chunk_text": "Aadhi\ndays of filming left but had already begun the post-production work to ensure a release by the end of January 2018. Release date was confirmed in December 2017. \"\"Aadhi\"\" released in India on 26 January 2018. \"\"Aadhi\"\" opened to widely positive critical response. \"\"The New Indian Express\"\", \"\"Firstpost\"\", and \"\"Malayala Manorama\"\" awarded the film 3.5 out of 5 stars. \"\"Sify\"\" gave the verdict \"\"a thrilling ride\"\". \"\"The Indian Express\"\", \"\"Deccan Chronicle\"\", and \"\"The Times of India\"\" rated 3 out of 5 stars. The film grossed 50 crore from the box office worldwide. Aadhi Aadhi is a 2018 Indian Malayalam-language action", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13092945", "chunk_text": "Mukhbiir\neven before the film's release. The film released on 29 August 2008 across India. The film's release coincided with the release of six other movies - \"\"Hijack\"\", \"\"Chamku\"\", \"\"C Kkompany\"\", \"\"Rock On!!\"\", \"\"Wanted\"\" and \"\"WALL-E\"\". Usually Indian film distributors don't expect much from the films which are released during the Ramadan season. Citing them as \"\"gap fillers\"\" and average films, the distributors didn't foresee much revenue for this film and for those released during this season. On the contrary, Mani Shankar said that they tried for the film to release during the holy month of Ramadan. This was because it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2425980", "chunk_text": "Aiyaary\nreleased on 26 January 2018 but this was moved in order to avoid clash with Padmaavat. The film was then scheduled to be released worldwide on 9 February 2018 but was later postponed to 16 February 2018. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a \"\"rotten\"\" score of 40% based on 5 reviews with an average rating of 4.8/10. based on 14 reviews. Alaka Sahani of Indian Express gave the film a rating of 2.5 stars out of 5 and said that \"\"Even though the movie puts together an impressive ensemble cast comprising some of our best actors,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2984489", "chunk_text": "\"Mar Gaye Oye Loko\"\nteaser was released on 15 July 2018 & official trailer was released on 13 August 2018. Film was released worldwide on 31 August 2018. \"\"Mar Gaye Oye Loko\"\" was edited by Rohit Dhiman and its final cut ran for approximately 117 minutes. The film was produced by Gippy Grewal's production house Humble Motion Pictures. The international distribution rights for the project were acquired by the Mumbai-based production and distribution house, Rising Star Entertainment Ltd. \"\"Mar Gaye Oye Loko\"\" was also released in Pakistan on 7 September 2018. \"\"Mar Gaye Oye Loko\"\" grossed 1.8 Crores on its opening day from India", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1728006", "chunk_text": "\"Furious 7\"\nfinal installment under his direction. In April 2013, Australian director James Wan, predominantly known for horror films, was announced as the sequel's director, with Neal H. Moritz and Michael Fottrell returning to produce and Morgan returning to write the script, his fifth in the franchise. On April 16, 2013, Diesel announced that the sequel would be released on July 11, 2014. In May 2013, Diesel said that the sequel would feature Los Angeles, Tokyo, and the Middle East as locations. Principal photography began in early September 2013 in Atlanta, Georgia, with a casting call issued. Abu Dhabi was also a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20469114", "chunk_text": "\"Load Wedding\"\nJune, and trailer on 17 July. The film was premiered on 18 August in Lahore, on 19 August in Dubai and on 21 August in Karachi. It released on Eid al-Adha worldwide; 22 August 2018, and on 23 August in UAE. Despite getting mostly positive reviews, the film could not manage to do well business at the box office due to very limited number of screens it got, as compared to the competitor films \"\"Jawani Phir Nahi Ani 2\"\" of ARY Films and \"\"Parwaaz Hai Junoon\"\" of Hum Films. The director Nabeel Qureshi called it \"\"unfair distribution\"\", while the cinemas'", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14717760", "chunk_text": "\"Zero (2018 film)\"\nBhoomi Trivedi (famed by Ram Chahe Leela song) and another newcomer in Bollywood Raja Kumari. \"\"Zero\"\" was released globally in Hindi on 21 December 2018. According to film trade analyst Taran Adarsh, it was shown on 4380 screens in India and 1585 overseas (noting that additional international territories will open later), for a worldwide total of 5965 screens. In mid-December 2018, the film passed the British Board of Film Classification with a certified 12A rating and a 164-minute runtime. In Pakistan, \"\"Zero\"\" was cleared by the Central Board of Film Censors without any cuts. It was released in 156 screens", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5147075", "chunk_text": "\"Motorcycle Girl\"\nand co-produced by Xulfi with Sherry Khattak. Lyrics are mostly penned down by Smai Khan and Adnan Sarwar. The first song of the film \"\"Urr Chalay\"\" was released on April 12, 2018. The song received critical acclaim. The second song \"\"Pahiya\"\" was also met with critical praise. The trailer of the film was released on 25 March 2018. The film was premiered on 18 April to a selected audience at Cinepax, Lahore. The film released on 20 April nationwide. For the promotion of the film, many celebrities, post their pictures online riding bikes in support of the film including, Saba", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13038195", "chunk_text": "\"Baaghi 2\"\nMumbai, followed by scenes shot on a campus in Pune. Then the team filmed in Manali, Thailand, China, Goa and Ladakh. A torture scene of Shroff's character was filmed while the actor was naked. The first trailer of the film was launched on 21 February 2018 by Shroff and Patani. The film was released worldwide on 30 March 2018. It opened in 4,125 screens in 46 countries, including 3,500 screens in India. \"\"Baaghi 2\"\" earned 25.1 crore net on its opening day, marking the biggest opening-day of 2018 (ahead of \"\"Padmaavat\"\"), the biggest Good Friday opening, the third biggest opening", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1110255", "chunk_text": "Saakshyam\nMunuswamy gang for fighting against them in court. Viswa too follows her to India and starts developing video game there. He was shell-shocked when he discovers the story of the video game happening in his real life. He tries his best to stop it, but in vain. Meanwhile, Soundarya accepts Viswa's love for his efforts to save her and agrees to marry him. Finally, the nature elements take revenge on all the villians through Viswa. The first look and motion poster was released on October 18, 2017. The teaser of the film was released on April 18, 2018. The soundtrack", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_263	the group that officially elects the president of the united states is called?	n/a	[ "the U.S. Electoral College", "U.S. Electoral College" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18753552", "chunk_text": "\"President-elect of the United States\"\nto the presidency by way of the president's death, resignation or removal (via impeachment) from office, that person does not hold the title of president-elect, as they would become president immediately. Conversely, a sitting vice president who is elected president \"\"does\"\" become president-elect. of the United States Constitution, along with the Twelfth and Twentieth Amendments directly address and govern the process for electing the nation's president. Presidential elections are further regulated by various federal and state laws. Under federal Law, the presidential electors, the members of the Electoral College, the body that directly elects the president, must be \"\"appointed, in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1504026", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nUnited States Electoral College The United States Electoral College is a body of electors established by the United States Constitution, constituted every four years for the sole purpose of electing the president and vice president of the United States. The Electoral College consists of 538 electors, and an absolute majority of 270 electoral votes is required to win an election. Pursuant to , the legislature of each state determines the manner by which its electors are chosen. Each state's number of electors is equal to the combined total of the state's membership in the Senate and House of Representatives; currently", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884442", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nTwenty-Third Amendment granting voting rights to citizens of Washington, D.C.) is then elected to that office. If no candidate receives an absolute majority of the votes for President, the House of Representatives chooses the winner; if no one receives an absolute majority of the votes for Vice President, then the Senate chooses the winner. The Electoral College and its procedure are established in the U.S. Constitution by Article II, Section 1, Clauses 2 and 4; and the Twelfth Amendment (which replaced Clause 3 after its ratification in 1804). Under Clause 2, each of the states casts as many electoral votes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3827185", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nfor either or both offices receives a majority, then choice falls to Congress in a procedure known as contingent election. Even though the aggregate national popular vote is calculated by state officials, media organizations, and the Federal Election Commission, the people only indirectly elect the president, as the national popular vote is not the basis for electing the president or vice president. The president and vice president of the United States are elected by the Electoral College, which consists of 538 presidential electors from the fifty states and Washington, D.C. Presidential electors are selected on a state-by-state basis, as determined", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12314757", "chunk_text": "\"Elections in the United States\"\nElections in the United States Elections in the United States are held for government officials at the federal, state, and local levels. At the federal level, the nation's head of state, the President, is elected indirectly by the people of each state, through an Electoral College. Today, these electors almost always vote with the popular vote of their state. All members of the federal legislature, the Congress, are directly elected by the people of each state. There are many elected offices at state level, each state having at least an elective Governor and legislature. There are also elected offices at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884476", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nact as President, pursuant to the 20th Amendment. Unless there are faithless electors, disputes, or other controversies, the events in December and January mentioned above are largely a formality since the winner can be determined based on the state-by-state popular vote results. Between the general election and Inauguration Day, this apparent winner is referred to as the \"\"President-elect\"\" (unless it is a sitting President that has won re-election). The typical periods of the presidential election process are as follows, with the dates corresponding to the 2016 general election: Among the 44 persons who have served as president, only Donald Trump", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20761986", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nlarge victory margins for Barack Obama in the 2012 election and for Hillary Clinton in 2016. United States Electoral College The United States Electoral College is a body of electors established by the United States Constitution, constituted every four years for the sole purpose of electing the president and vice president of the United States. The Electoral College consists of 538 electors, and an absolute majority of 270 electoral votes is required to win an election. Pursuant to , the legislature of each state determines the manner by which its electors are chosen. Each state's number of electors is equal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884441", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nUnited States presidential election The election of President and Vice President of the United States is an indirect election in which citizens of the United States who are registered to vote in one of the 50 U.S. states or in Washington, D.C. cast ballots not directly for those offices, but instead for members of the U.S. Electoral College, known as electors. These electors then in turn cast direct votes, known as electoral votes, for President, and for Vice President. The candidate who receives an absolute majority of electoral votes (at least 270 out of a total of 538, since the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10515959", "chunk_text": "\"President of the United States\"\nelectoral votes to Congress. The votes of the electors are opened and counted during a joint session of Congress, held in the first week of January. If a candidate has received an absolute majority of electoral votes for president (currently 270 of 538), that person is declared the winner. Otherwise, the House of Representatives must meet to elect a president using a contingent election procedure in which representatives, voting by state delegation, with each state casting a single vote, choose between the top electoral vote-getters for president. For a candidate to win, he or she must receive the votes of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10515956", "chunk_text": "\"President of the United States\"\nsolicit contributions. Much of the modern electoral process is concerned with winning swing states through frequent visits and mass media advertising drives. The president is elected indirectly by the voters of each state and the District of Columbia through the Electoral College, a body of electors formed every four years for the sole purpose of electing the president and vice president to concurrent four-year terms. As prescribed by the Twelfth Amendment, each state is entitled to a number of electors equal to the size of its total delegation in both houses of Congress. Additionally, the Twenty-third Amendment provides that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1886018", "chunk_text": "\"Politics of the United States\"\nsystems, Americans vote for a specific candidate instead of directly selecting a particular political party. With a federal government, officials are elected at the federal (national), state and local levels. On a national level, the President, is elected indirectly by the people, through an Electoral College. In modern times, the electors virtually always vote with the popular vote of their state. All members of Congress, and the offices at the state and local levels are directly elected. Various federal and state laws regulate elections. The United States Constitution defines (to a basic extent) how federal elections are held, in Article", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884445", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\ngovernments are responsible for managing elections, these races typically all appear on one ballot. The Electoral College electors then formally cast their electoral votes on the first Monday after December 12 at their respective state capitals. Congress then certifies the results in early January, and the presidential term begins on Inauguration Day, which since the passage of the Twentieth Amendment has been set at January 20. The nomination process, consisting of the primary elections and caucuses and the nominating conventions, was not specified in the Constitution, but was developed over time by the states and political parties. These primary elections", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5539859", "chunk_text": "\"President of the United States\"\nStates which is not decided by popular vote. Nine vice presidents became president by virtue of a president's intra-term death or resignation. Donald Trump of New York is the 45th and current president. He assumed office on January 20, 2017. During the American Revolution in 1776, the Thirteen Colonies, acting through the Second Continental Congress, declared political independence from Great Britain. The new states were independent of each other as nation states and recognized the necessity of closely coordinating their efforts against the British. Congress desired to avoid anything that remotely resembled a monarchy and negotiated the Articles of Confederation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18753570", "chunk_text": "\"President-elect of the United States\"\noffice as \"\"a bogus concoction that has no basis in the U.S. Constitution.\"\" President-elect Donald Trump did likewise on January 11, 2017. The Presidential Transition Act of 1963 further authorizes the Administrator of the General Services Administration to certify, even before the December vote of the Electoral College, the apparent winner of the November general election as the president-elect for the purposes of receiving federal transition funding, office space and communications services prior to the beginning of the new administration on January 20. The president-elect assumes office as the next president of the United States upon the expiration of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18753556", "chunk_text": "\"President-elect of the United States\"\nColumbia's) certificate of ascertainment is the official document (usually signed by the governor of the state and/or by the state's secretary of state) that declares the names of the electors, certifying their appointment as members of the Electoral College. Given that in all states the electors are currently chosen by popular election, each certificate of ascertainment also declares the results of the popular vote that decided the appointment of the electors, although this information is not constitutionally required. The electors in each state and of the District of Columbia then send the certificates of vote, with the enclosed certificates of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6874799", "chunk_text": "\"Presidential election\"\nCollege at the state level. In the U.S., the presidential elections at the state-level decide which people shall become members of the Electoral College for each state, and those members of the Electoral College in turn cast their votes for the presidential candidates. The first recorded Electoral College presidential election in the United States was in 1788−1789, in which George Washington won. The President of Venezuela is elected by the public to a six-year term. Presidential election A presidential election is the election of any head of state whose official title is President. The President of Albania is elected by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2063063", "chunk_text": "\"United States\"\nwith each state having two senators, elected at-large to six-year terms; one-third of Senate seats are up for election every other year. The District of Columbia and the five major U.S. territories do not have senators. The President serves a four-year term and may be elected to the office no more than twice. The President is not elected by direct vote, but by an indirect electoral college system in which the determining votes are apportioned to the states and the District of Columbia. The Supreme Court, led by the Chief Justice of the United States, has nine members, who serve", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20934514", "chunk_text": "\"Contingent election\"\nMartin Van Buren's vice-presidential nominee Richard Mentor Johnson, denying him a majority of the electoral vote and forcing the Senate to elect him in a contingent election. In the United States, the president and vice president are indirectly elected by the Electoral College, which (since ratification of the 23rd Amendment in 1961) consists of 538 presidential electors from the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Presidential electors themselves are directly elected on a state-by-state basis. Since the election of 1824, a majority of the states have chosen their electors on a statewide \"\"winner-take-all\"\" basis, based on the statewide popular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3828885", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nthat candidate to become the \"\"president-elect\"\". Additionally, delegations from at least two thirds of all the states must be present for voting to take place. The House continues balloting until it elects a president. The House of Representatives has chosen the president only twice: in 1801 under Article II, Section 1, Clause 3; and in 1825 under the Twelfth Amendment. In a contingent presidential election, the House of Representatives, voting by state, elects the president, choosing from among the three candidates who received the most electoral votes. In a contingent vice presidential election, the Senate elects the vice president, choosing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12174419", "chunk_text": "\"Apportionment (politics)\"\na result of the Connecticut Compromise reached during Constitutional Convention of 1787 between delegates from states with a large population and those from states with a small population. The Constitution also prescribes that the President and Vice President be elected by a group of people apportioned among the states in the same numbers as their representatives in Congress, called the Electoral College. As the Constitution's apportionment procedures are established solely for the states in the Union, neither the District of Columbia nor the country's territories and possessions are included. Therefore, they do not have the same representation in the federal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14471436", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nand territory. Democrats have a more expansive group of unpledged delegates called \"\"superdelegates\"\", who are party leaders and elected officials. Each party's presidential candidate also chooses a vice presidential nominee to run with him or her on the same ticket, and this choice is rubber-stamped by the convention. If no single candidate has secured a majority of delegates (including both pledged and unpledged), then a \"\"brokered convention\"\" results. All pledged delegates are then \"\"released\"\" and are able to switch their allegiance to a different candidate. Thereafter, the nomination is decided through a process of alternating political horse trading, and additional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14471472", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nodd-numbered election years. Statistical forecasts: United States presidential election The election of President and Vice President of the United States is an indirect election in which citizens of the United States who are registered to vote in one of the 50 U.S. states or in Washington, D.C. cast ballots not directly for those offices, but instead for members of the U.S. Electoral College, known as electors. These electors then in turn cast direct votes, known as electoral votes, for President, and for Vice President. The candidate who receives an absolute majority of electoral votes (at least 270 out of a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18753553", "chunk_text": "\"President-elect of the United States\"\neach state, on the Tuesday next after the first Monday in November, in every fourth year\"\". Thus, all states appoint their electors on the same date, in November, once every four years. However, the manner of appointment of the electors is determined by the law of each State, subject to the restrictions stipulated by the Constitution. Currently, in every state, an election by the people is the method employed for the choice of the members of the Electoral College. The Constitution however, gives the states some latitude on the subject of choosing its slate of presidential electors. A state could,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884474", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nwho do not cast their electoral votes for the person whom they have pledged to elect. In early January, the total Electoral College vote count is opened by the sitting Vice President, acting in his capacity as President of the Senate, and read aloud to a joint session of the incoming Congress, which was elected at the same time as the President. If no candidate receives a majority of the electoral vote (at least 270), the President is determined by the rules outlined by the 12th Amendment. Specifically, the selection of President would then be decided by a contingent election", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20760192", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nand appointed federal officials are prohibited from being electors. The Office of the Federal Register is charged with administering the Electoral College. After the vote, each state then sends a certified record of their electoral votes to Congress. The votes of the electors are opened during a joint session of Congress, held in the first week of January, and read aloud by the incumbent vice president, acting in his capacity as President of the Senate. If any person received an absolute majority of electoral votes that person is declared the winner. If there is a tie, or if no candidate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1504027", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nthere are 100 senators and 435 representatives. Additionally, the Twenty-third Amendment provides that the District of Columbia is entitled to a number of electors no greater than that of the least populous state (i.e. 3). Following the national presidential election day in the first week of November, each state counts its popular votes by state law to designate the presidential electors chosen in that election. These electors meet in the state capitals in December to cast their electoral votes for that state. The results are certified by the states and the District of Columbia to Congress where they are tabulated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16152837", "chunk_text": "\"1788–89 United States presidential election\"\nwas part of the Congress, as it is in countries that use parliamentary systems of government. All federal power was reserved to the Congress of the Confederation, whose \"\"President of the United States in Congress Assembled\"\" was also chair of the \"\"de facto\"\" cabinet, called the Committee of the States. The United States Constitution created the offices of President of the United States and Vice President of the United States, and established that these offices would be elected separately from Congress. The Constitution established an Electoral College in which each elector would cast two votes, with no distinction made between", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6700614", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nthan voting for Al Gore as she had pledged to do. In 2016, seven electors voted contrary to their pledges. Faithless electors have never changed the outcome of any presidential election. The Twelfth Amendment mandates Congress assemble in joint session to count the electoral votes and declare the winners of the election. The session is ordinarily required to take place on January 6 in the calendar year immediately following the meetings of the presidential electors. Since the Twentieth Amendment, the newly elected Congress declares the winner of the election; all elections before 1936 were determined by the outgoing House. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20760208", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nare nominated in party conventions. In Pennsylvania, the campaign committee of each candidate names their respective electoral college candidates (an attempt to discourage faithless electors). Varying by state, electors may also be elected by state legislatures, or appointed by the parties themselves. Article II, Section 1, Clause 2 of the Constitution requires each state legislature to determine how electors for the state are to be chosen, but it disqualifies any person holding a federal office, either elected or appointed, from being an elector. Under Section 3 of the Fourteenth Amendment, any person who has sworn an oath to support the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20934512", "chunk_text": "\"Contingent election\"\nContingent election In the United States, a contingent election is the procedure used in presidential elections in the case where no candidate wins an absolute majority of votes in the Electoral College, the constitutional mechanism for electing the President and the Vice President of the United States. A contingent election for the president is decided by a vote of the United States House of Representatives, and the contingent election for the vice president is decided by a vote of the United States Senate. The contingent election procedure, along with the other parts of the presidential election process, was first established", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884443", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nas the total number of its Senators and Representatives in Congress, while, per the Twenty-third Amendment ratified in 1961, Washington, D.C. casts the same number of electoral votes as the least-represented state, which is three. Also under Clause 2, the manner for choosing electors is determined by each state legislature, not directly by the federal government. Many state legislatures previously selected their electors directly, but over time all of them switched to using the popular vote to help determine electors, which persists today. Once chosen, electors generally cast their electoral votes for the candidate who won the plurality in their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3884475", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential election\"\nin a ballot of the House of Representatives. For the purposes of electing the President, each state has only one vote. A ballot of the Senate is held to choose the Vice President. In this ballot, each senator has one vote. The House of Representatives has chosen the victor of the presidential race only twice, in 1800 and 1824; the Senate has chosen the victor of the vice-presidential race only once, in 1836. If the President is not chosen by Inauguration Day, the Vice President-elect acts as President. If neither are chosen by then, Congress by law determines who shall", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5539858", "chunk_text": "\"President of the United States\"\ncircumstances. The president directs the foreign and domestic policies of the United States, and takes an active role in promoting his policy priorities to members of Congress. In addition, as part of the system of checks and balances, of the Constitution gives the president the power to sign or veto federal legislation. The power of the presidency has grown substantially since its formation, as has the power of the federal government as a whole. Through the Electoral College, registered voters indirectly elect the president and vice president to a four-year term. This is the only federal election in the United", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10515958", "chunk_text": "\"President of the United States\"\nOn the first Monday after the second Wednesday in December, about six weeks after the election, the electors convene in their respective state capitals (and in Washington D.C.) to vote for president and, on a separate ballot, for vice president. They typically vote for the candidates of the party that nominated them. While there is no constitutional mandate or federal law requiring them to do so, the District of Columbia and 30 states have laws requiring that their electors vote for the candidates to whom they are pledged. Following the vote, each state then sends a certified record of their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8448210", "chunk_text": "Election\nElection An election is a formal group decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office. Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century. Elections may fill offices in the legislature, sometimes in the executive and judiciary, and for regional and local government. This process is also used in many other private and business organizations, from clubs to voluntary associations and corporations. The universal use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern representative democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10688608", "chunk_text": "\"Slate (elections)\"\nSlate (elections) A slate is a group of candidates that run in multi-seat or multi-position elections on a common platform. The common platform may be because the candidates are all members of a political party, have the same or similar policies, or some other reason. The United States presidential elections use an electoral college to determine the winner and the electors are chosen by popular vote in each state. In most states, voters choose a slate of electors who support one of the candidates, although this may not be obvious to the voter at the time. In states whose state", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14805505", "chunk_text": "\"First Family of the United States\"\nFirst Family of the United States The First Family of the United States (FFOTUS) is the official title for the family of the President of the United States, who is both head of state and head of government of the United States. Members of the First Family consist of the President, the First Lady of the United States, and any of their children. However, other close relatives of the President and First Lady, such as parents, grandchildren, stepchildren, and in-laws, may be classified as members of the First Family if they reside in the Executive Residence of the White House", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10936764", "chunk_text": "\"Unpledged elector\"\nUnpledged elector In United States presidential elections, an unpledged elector is a person nominated to stand as an elector but who has not pledged to support any particular presidential or vice presidential candidate, and is free to vote for any candidate when elected a member of the Electoral College. Presidential elections are indirect, with voters in each state choosing electors on Election Day in November, and these electors choosing the President of the United States and Vice President of the United States in December. Electors today are elected in every state by popular vote, and in practice have since the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2688192", "chunk_text": "\"United States Congress\"\nthe same powers as other members of the House, except that they may not vote when the House is meeting as the House of Representatives.\"\" They are assigned offices and allowances for staff, participate in debate, and appoint constituents to the four military service academies for the Army, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard. Washington, D.C. citizens alone among U.S. territories have the right to directly vote for the President of the United States, although the Democratic and Republican political parties nominate their presidential candidates at national conventions which include delegates from the five major territories. Representative Lee H. Hamilton", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5539909", "chunk_text": "\"President of the United States\"\ncalled upon to act as president. Throughout most of its history, politics of the United States have been dominated by political parties. Political parties had not been anticipated when the U.S. Constitution was drafted in 1787, nor did they exist at the time of the first presidential election in 1788–1789. Organized political parties developed in the U.S. in the mid–1790s, but political factions, from which organized parties evolved, began to appear almost immediately after the Federal government came into existence. Those who supported the Washington administration were referred to as \"\"pro-administration\"\" and would eventually form the Federalist Party, while those", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3828926", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nThe United States of America is a federal coalition that consists of component states. Proponents of the current system argue the collective opinion of even a small state merits attention at the federal level greater than that given to a small, though numerically equivalent, portion of a very populous state. The system also allows each state the freedom, within constitutional bounds, to design its own laws on voting and enfranchisement without an undue incentive to maximize the number of votes cast. For many years early in the nation's history, up until the Jacksonian Era, many states appointed their electors by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20760204", "chunk_text": "\"United States Electoral College\"\nelectors\"\" have voted for other candidates or refrained from voting. A candidate must receive an absolute majority of electoral votes (currently 270) to win the presidency or the vice presidency. If no candidate receives a majority in the election for president or vice president, the election is determined via a contingency procedure established by the Twelfth Amendment. In such a situation, the House chooses one of the top three presidential electoral vote-winners as the president, while the Senate chooses one of the top two vice presidential electoral vote-winners as vice president. A state's number of electors equals the number of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18542379", "chunk_text": "\"527 organization\"\n527 organization A 527-organization or 527 group is a type of U.S. tax-exempt organization organized under Section 527 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (). A 527 group is created primarily to influence the selection, nomination, election, appointment or defeat of candidates to federal, state or local public office. Technically, almost all political committees, including state, local, and federal candidate committees, traditional political action committees, \"\"Super PACs\"\", and political parties are \"\"527s.\"\" However, in common practice the term is usually applied only to such organizations that are not regulated under state or federal campaign finance laws because they do not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5783081", "chunk_text": "\"Federal government of the United States\"\nPresident of the Senate; this means that he or she is the designated presiding officer of the Senate. In that capacity, the vice president has the authority (\"\"ex officio\"\", for they are not an elected member of the Senate) to cast a tie-breaking vote. Pursuant to the Twelfth Amendment, the vice president presides over the joint session of Congress when it convenes to count the vote of the Electoral College. As first in the U.S. presidential line of succession, the vice president's duties and powers move to the executive branch when becoming president upon the death, resignation, or removal of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1175296", "chunk_text": "Congress\nCongress A congress is a formal meeting of the representatives of different nations, constituent states, organizations trade unions, and political parties), or groups. The term, originally denoting a parley during battle in the Late Middle Ages, is derived from the Latin \"\"congressus\"\". () In the mid-1770s, the term was chosen by the 13 British colonies for the Continental Congress to emphasize the status of each colony represented there as a self-governing entity. Subsequent to the use of \"\"congress\"\" as the name for the legislature of the U.S. federal government (beginning in 1789), the term has been adopted by many nations", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17035630", "chunk_text": "\"United States presidential nominating convention\"\nand format of the convention. Broadly speaking, each U.S. state and territory party is apportioned a select number of voting representatives, individually known as \"\"delegates\"\" and collectively as the \"\"delegation.\"\" Each party uses its own formula for determining the size of each delegation, factoring in such considerations as population, proportion of that state's Congressional representatives or state government officials who are members of the party, and the state's voting patterns in previous presidential elections. The selection of individual delegates and their alternates, too, is governed by the bylaws of each state party, or in some cases by state law. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10515973", "chunk_text": "\"President of the United States\"\nHouse, then, if necessary, the President pro tempore of the Senate, and then if necessary, the eligible heads of federal executive departments who form the president's Cabinet. The Cabinet currently has 15 members, of which the Secretary of State is first in line; the other Cabinet secretaries follow in the order in which their department (or the department of which their department is the successor) was created. Those department heads who are constitutionally ineligible to be elected to the presidency are also disqualified from assuming the powers and duties of the presidency through succession. No statutory successor has yet been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6871190", "chunk_text": "\"Democratic National Committee\"\nDemocratic National Committee The Democratic National Committee (DNC) is the formal governing body for the United States Democratic Party. The committee coordinates strategy to support Democratic Party candidates throughout the country for local, state, and national office. It organizes the Democratic National Convention held every four years to nominate and confirm a candidate for president, and to formulate the party platform. While it provides support for party candidates, it does not have direct authority over elected officials. The DNC is composed of the chairs and vice-chairs of each state Democratic Party committee and more than 200 members elected by Democrats", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18753559", "chunk_text": "\"President-elect of the United States\"\nnot pledged, and such instances have never altered the final outcome of a presidential election. U. S. Presidential elections are indirect elections, meaning that voters do not choose between the candidates directly, but rather elect the people who will. Due to this, the potential exists that, even if the nationwide popular vote is won by one candidate, another could win the electoral vote and the presidency. This situation occurred in the elections of 1876, 1888, 2000 and 2016. Two congressional reports found that the president-elect is the eventual winner of the majority of electoral ballots cast in December. The Congressional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5296811", "chunk_text": "\"Election Day (United States)\"\nElection Day (United States) In the United States, Election Day is the day set by law for the general elections of federal public officials. It is statutorily set as \"\"the Tuesday next after the first Monday in the month of November\"\" or \"\"the first Tuesday after November 1\"\". The earliest possible date is November 2, and the latest possible date is November 8. For federal offices (President, Vice President, and United States Congress), Election Day occurs only in even-numbered years. Presidential elections are held every four years, in years divisible by four, in which electors for President and Vice President", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_264	who played adaline in the age of adaline?	n/a	[ "Adaline Bowman", "Blake Lively" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6678005", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nThe Age of Adaline The Age of Adaline is a 2015 American romantic fantasy film directed by Lee Toland Krieger and written by J. Mills Goodloe and Salvador Paskowitz. The film stars Blake Lively in the title role, with Michiel Huisman, Kathy Baker, Amanda Crew, Harrison Ford, and Ellen Burstyn in supporting roles. Narrated by Hugh Ross, the story follows Adaline Bowman, a young woman who stops aging after an accident at the age of 29. The film was co-produced by Sidney Kimmel Entertainment and Lakeshore Entertainment. In October 2013, Lively was cast as the title character, with Krieger attached", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "645907", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nactual director of the film. Producer Dan Cohen had shown him the script at a general meeting in 2009. On May 12, 2010, Katherine Heigl was cast as the title character. On November 12, 2010, Angela Lansbury was added to the cast of the film, set to play the daughter of the ageless Adaline. On November 15, Heigl withdrew from \"\"Adaline\"\"'s cast, and there were rumors that she had been fired by Lakeshore, which both Lakeshore and Heigl denied. She later announced that her withdrawal was a result of her recent adoption of a daughter. On August 15, 2011, TheWrap", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6678019", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nby age and one more by William's longing—is even more powerful [than the devastating look on his face]. This is Ford's best performance since \"\"The Fugitive\"\", maybe since \"\"Witness\"\"\"\". The Age of Adaline The Age of Adaline is a 2015 American romantic fantasy film directed by Lee Toland Krieger and written by J. Mills Goodloe and Salvador Paskowitz. The film stars Blake Lively in the title role, with Michiel Huisman, Kathy Baker, Amanda Crew, Harrison Ford, and Ellen Burstyn in supporting roles. Narrated by Hugh Ross, the story follows Adaline Bowman, a young woman who stops aging after an accident", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "645908", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nreported that Natalie Portman had been offered the lead role. On August 25, Portman told \"\"Entertainment Weekly\"\" that she had declined the offer. On October 16, 2013, Blake Lively and Ellen Burstyn were cast in the film to play the lead roles, with Lively starring as the title character. On January 15, 2014 Harrison Ford joined the cast, and the film was set to begin shooting in March of that year. On February 11, 2014 Michiel Huisman joined the cast to star opposite Lively as Adaline's love interest. Filming began on March 10, 2014 in Vancouver and continued through May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19679066", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nfrom 2,991 locations. \"\"The Age of Adaline\"\" has received mixed reviews from critics, although the performances of Blake Lively and Harrison Ford received very positive reviews and were cited as some of their best work in recent years. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 56%, based on 150 reviews, with an average rating of 5.5/10. The site's consensus reads \"\"\"\"The Age of Adaline\"\" ruminates on mortality less compellingly than similarly themed films, but is set apart by memorable performances from Blake Lively and Harrison Ford.\"\" On Metacritic, the film has a score of 51 out of 100,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "645905", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nAdaline are going to a New Year's Eve party. As she is leaving, she notices something strange in the hallway mirror: her first grey hair, proving she has begun to age naturally again. When Ellis asks if she is okay, she responds: \"\"Yes... Perfect.\"\" On May 12, 2010 it was announced that \"\"The Age of Adaline\"\" would be co-financed and co-produced by Lakeshore Entertainment and Sidney Kimmel Entertainment. Salvador Paskowitz and J. Mills Goodloe wrote the script. Sierra / Affinity has the international rights, while producers were Steve Golin, Alix Madigan, Tom Rosenberg and Gary Lucchesi. On July 20, 2010", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "645906", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nit was reported that Andy Tennant was set to direct the film. On October 31, 2010, Summit Entertainment bought the US distribution rights to the film, which was set to begin shooting in March 2011 for an early 2012 release. On February 22, 2011, it was reported that Gabriele Muccino was in talks to direct the film, replacing Tennant, with the film re-titled from \"\"The Age of Adaline\"\" to simply \"\"Adaline\"\". On May 14, 2012, it was announced that Spanish director Isabel Coixet would direct the film instead. On October 16, 2013, Lee Toland Krieger was reported to be the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17125509", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nand one for Lively for Best Actress. One afternoon in San Francisco, Adaline Bowman purchases fake IDs at an apartment before returning home to feed her dog. She then goes to work and opens a box of film reels, which highlight historical events and times. A voiceover ties together the film reels explaining the story of Adaline's life so far. She was born on New Years Day 1908, then later married and gave birth to a daughter, only to become a widow after her husband died in a tragic accident. Years later, in 1937, Adaline crashed her car when she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19679056", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nto direct. Principal photography took place in Vancouver from March 5, 2014 to May 5. \"\"The Age of Adaline\"\" premiered in New York City on April 19, 2015 was theatrically released on April 24 in the United States by Lionsgate. The film received mixed reviews from critics, with many praising the performances of Lively and Ford respectively and was frequently cited as some of their best work in recent years. It was a modest box-office success, grossing $65.7 million worldwide on a $25 million budget. The film received two nominations at the 42nd Saturn Awards, one for Best Fantasy Film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16636179", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nbased on 32 critics, indicating \"\"mixed or average reviews\"\". In CinemaScore polls conducted during the opening weekend, cinema audiences gave \"\"The Age of Adaline\"\" an average grade of \"\"A−\"\" on an A+ to F scale. Matt Zoller Seitz of RogerEbert.com gave the film three out of four stars, expressing surprise at the film's increase in quality midway through: \"\"I've never seen a less involving movie become so compelling at the exact moment when you've resigned to write it off as just okay.\"\" He also gave high praise to Harrison Ford's dramatic performance, writing that \"\"Ford's voice—always deep, lowered an octave", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18868895", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nfrom YouTube or Maker Studios created a unique look inspired by the film. Video ads were also released on Instagram and tutorials on Pinterest. Advance screenings for fashion and lifestyle influencers took place in partnership with Gilt City. The application Periscope was used to spread information about the film. \"\"The Age of Adaline\"\" earned $42,629,776 in North America and $23,033,500 in other countries, for a worldwide box office gross of $65.7 million. The film opened with $575,000 during Thursday late-night showings at 2,100 U.S. theaters. It finished the weekend at number three behind \"\"Furious 7\"\" and \"\"\"\" with $13.4 million", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8238416", "chunk_text": "\"Adaline (musician)\"\n\"\"Keep Me High\"\" is both featured in the film and trailer for \"\"Below Her Mouth\"\" starring Erika Linder which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2016 and comes out in theatres in the US in April 2017 Adaline (musician) Adaline, born Shawna Beesley on October 23, is an alternative-pop Canadian singer-songwriter from Ottawa. Many of her songs have licensed for multiple television shows including Grey's Anatomy, 90210, Ringer and Lost Girl. Early in her career, Adaline had a moment of international recognition in 2009 when she met Robert Pattinson at a Juno party and tweeted about their encounter.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17380677", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nLater, the date was moved to April 24, 2015. The film was released on DVD on September 8, 2015. The promotional campaign was aimed primarily at fashion-conscious women. Danielle DePalma, executive vice-president of digital marketing at Lionsgate, said, \"\"We were very aware of Blake’s high-fashion profile when we crafted the campaign, and there was so much beautiful imagery from the film.\"\" They created vignettes for MTV and VH1 and a fashion segment for E! News showing viewers how to achieve the same looks as Lively. They created a custom \"\"Fashion Journey Through the Decades\"\" initiative, through which a fashion influencer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13921356", "chunk_text": "\"Donna Murphy\"\n(2009) and \"\"Quantico\"\" (2017). Her voice-over work in TV commercials, includes the Le Vian chocolate diamonds series for Jared Jewelry. Donna Murphy Donna Murphy (born March 7, 1959) is an American actress and singer, known for her work in musical theater. A five-time Tony Award nominee, she has twice won the Tony for Best Actress in a Musical: for her role as Fosca in \"\"Passion\"\" (1994–95) and as Anna Leonowens\"\" in The King and I\"\" (1996–97). She was also nominated for her roles as Ruth Sherwood in \"\"Wonderful Town\"\" (2003), Lotte Lenya in \"\"LoveMusik\"\" (2007) and Bubbie/Raisel in \"\"The People", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13645979", "chunk_text": "\"Nina Kaptsova\"\nappeared as Shireen in \"\"The Legend of Love\"\" (Легенда о любви) and the same year played the role of Rita in \"\"The Golden Age\"\". In 2007, she performed in \"\"The Lesson\"\", and in 2008 appeared in Herman Levenskiold's \"\"La Sylphide\"\", Pyotr Tchaikovsky's \"\"The Nutcracker\"\", and in Flames of Paris, in which she played the role of Adeline. In 2009, she performed in such plays as \"\"The Queen of Spades\"\", in which she portrayed Liza and played the title role in \"\"Esmeralda\"\". Nina Kaptsova Nina Aleksandrovna Kaptsova (; born 16 October 1978) is a Russian prima ballerina of the Bolshoi Ballet.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13056226", "chunk_text": "\"Adah Isaacs Menken\"\nAdah Isaacs Menken Adah Isaacs Menken (June 15, 1835August 10, 1868) was an American actress, painter and poet, and was the highest earning actress of her time. She was best known for her performance in the melodrama \"\"Mazeppa\"\", with a climax that featured her apparently nude and riding a horse on stage. After great success for a few years with the play in New York and San Francisco, she appeared in a production in London and Paris, from 1864 to 1866. After a brief trip back to the United States, she returned to Europe. However, she became ill within two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13881769", "chunk_text": "\"Zoe Caldwell\"\nZoe Caldwell Zoe Caldwell, OBE (born Ada Caldwell, 14 September 1933) is an Australian actress. She is a four-time Tony Award winner, winning Best Featured Actress in a Play for \"\"Slapstick Tragedy\"\" (1966), and Best Actress in a Play for \"\"The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie\"\" (1968), \"\"Medea\"\" (1982), and \"\"Master Class\"\" (1996). Her film appearances include \"\"The Purple Rose of Cairo\"\" (1985), \"\"Birth\"\" (2004), and \"\"Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close\"\" (2011). She is also the voice of the Grand Councilwoman in the \"\"Lilo & Stitch\"\" franchise. Caldwell was born in Melbourne, Victoria and raised in the suburb of Balwyn.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7654910", "chunk_text": "\"Aiysha Hart\"\nAiysha Hart Aiysha Hart (born 8 August 1990) is an actress and screenwriter best known for her leading roles as Ariadne in the BBC drama series \"\"Atlantis\"\", Mona in independent thriller \"\"Honour\"\", and Polaire in upcoming film \"\"Colette\"\". She also plays DC Sam Railston in \"\"Line of Duty\"\". In September 2017, it was announced that she'd been cast as Miriam in Sky One's adaptation of \"\"A Discovery of Witches\"\". Hart has mixed parentage; British and Saudi. She grew up in Saudi Arabia, Berkshire, and Surrey. She graduated with First Class Honours in English Literature from King's College London before attending", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17615992", "chunk_text": "\"Gemma Arterton\"\nGemma Arterton Gemma Christina Arterton (born 2 February 1986) is an English actress. Arterton made her film debut in the comedy film \"\"St Trinian's\"\" (2007). Her breakthrough role was in the James Bond film \"\"Quantum of Solace\"\" (2008), playing Bond Girl Strawberry Fields, which won her an Empire Award for Best Newcomer. She was the title star of the film \"\"The Disappearance of Alice Creed\"\" (2009). She is known for her roles in the fantasy films \"\"Clash of the Titans\"\" (2010), \"\"Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time\"\" (2010), \"\"Byzantium\"\" (2013), and as the character Gretel in \"\"\"\" (2013). She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7654911", "chunk_text": "\"Aiysha Hart\"\ndrama school. Aiysha Hart Aiysha Hart (born 8 August 1990) is an actress and screenwriter best known for her leading roles as Ariadne in the BBC drama series \"\"Atlantis\"\", Mona in independent thriller \"\"Honour\"\", and Polaire in upcoming film \"\"Colette\"\". She also plays DC Sam Railston in \"\"Line of Duty\"\". In September 2017, it was announced that she'd been cast as Miriam in Sky One's adaptation of \"\"A Discovery of Witches\"\". Hart has mixed parentage; British and Saudi. She grew up in Saudi Arabia, Berkshire, and Surrey. She graduated with First Class Honours in English Literature from King's College London", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7668453", "chunk_text": "\"Ada Nettleship\"\nheavy due to the use of steel panniers and extensive oversewing with jewels. She also costumed Terry as Cordelia in \"\"King Lear\"\" (1892), Guinevere in \"\"King Arthur\"\" (1895), and Imogen in \"\"Cymbeline\"\" (1896). Nettleship's adventurous designs in the Aesthetic dress style — especially those for Lloyd — were admired by the London avant-garde, and in 1883 her work was included in a landmark exhibition by the Rational Dress Society. Among the items she presented was a \"\"Ladies Walking Costume\"\" that included trousers, a feature that allowed for radical shortening of the overskirt, thereby reducing the weight of the entire ensemble.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7544434", "chunk_text": "\"Alice Krige\"\nAlice Krige Alice Maud Krige (; born 28 June 1954) is a South African actress and producer. Her first feature film role was in \"\"Chariots of Fire\"\" (1981) as the Gilbert and Sullivan singer Sybil Gordon. She is well known for playing the dual role of Eva Galli/Alma Mobley in \"\"Ghost Story\"\", and the Borg Queen in the \"\"Star Trek\"\" franchise, beginning with the film \"\"\"\". Krige was born in Upington, Northern Cape Province, South Africa, the daughter of Patricia, a professor of Psychology, and Louis Krige, a physician. The Kriges later moved to Port Elizabeth, where Alice grew up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6287193", "chunk_text": "\"Julia Ormond\"\nAlliance to Stop Slavery and End Trafficking (ASSET). ASSET was instrumental in passing the California Transparency in Supply Chains Act. Julia Ormond Julia Karin Ormond (born 4 January 1965) is an English actress. She rose to prominence appearing in such films as \"\"The Baby of Mâcon\"\" (1993), \"\"Legends of the Fall\"\" (1994), \"\"First Knight\"\" (1995), \"\"Sabrina\"\" (1995), \"\"Smilla's Sense of Snow\"\" (1997) and \"\"The Barber of Siberia\"\" (1998). She won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie for her role in the HBO film \"\"Temple Grandin\"\" (2010). Ormond was born in Epsom, Surrey, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6678008", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nswerved into a ravine during a snowstorm and died in the freezing lake nearby, but a lightning strike suddenly revived her. From that moment on, Adaline has stayed physically 29 years old. One night, two suspicious FBI agents attempt to force her onto an airplane for study, but she escapes captivity and realizes that she will have to spend the rest of her life on the run. Ever since, she has changed her identification and address according to the era, while her daughter Flemming ages normally, to the point where she appears older than Adaline. On New Year's Eve in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7504615", "chunk_text": "\"Ada Dyas\"\n1892 she played Goneril in Sir Henry Irving's revival of \"\"King Lear\"\" at the London Lyceum. Her performance in \"\"The Shaughraun\"\" is mentioned in Edith Wharton's 1920 novel \"\"The Age of Innocence\"\". Ada Dyas died in Seaton, England in 1908. Ada Dyas Ada Dyas (1843-1908) was an Irish actress. She made her London debut in 1861 in \"\"Henry IV\"\", and became famous in the 1871 play based on Wilkie Collins's novel \"\"The Woman in White\"\". Ada Dyas was the daughter of Mrs. Edward Dyas, \"\"an actress of some ability attached to the London theatres\"\". Ada made her London debut in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9250028", "chunk_text": "\"Ann Dusenberry\"\nAnn Dusenberry Ann Dusenberry (born September 13, 1952) is an American film and television actress. Tucson, Arizona-born Dusenberry played Amory (alias Angel Collins) in \"\"\"\" (1977), and Amy March in \"\"Little Women\"\" in a two-part miniseries on NBC in 1978, and returned to the role in a full series the next year. In 1978, she appeared as beauty queen Tina Wilcox in \"\"Jaws 2\"\". She played Margot in the short-lived 1986 series \"\"Life with Lucy\"\". Dusenberry studied theater arts for four years, first at the University of Arizona, then Occidental College. She got her first role by circulating her resume", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9099447", "chunk_text": "\"Ada Blanche\"\nAda Blanche Ada Blanche (16 July 1862 – 1 January 1953), born Ada Cecilia Blanche Adams, was an English actress and singer known early in her career for vivacious performances in Victorian burlesque and pantomime and later in character roles in Edwardian musical comedy. Born into a theatrical family, Blanche made her stage debut at the age of fourteen and had a forty-five year career, almost exclusively on the British stage, in the West End and on tour. In the 1890s she was a leading principal boy in London's most lavishly staged pantomimes. In the 20th century her career changed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14136928", "chunk_text": "\"Ada Reeve\"\nAda Reeve Ada Reeve (3 March 1874 – 5 October 1966) was an English actress of both stage and film. Reeve began to perform in pantomime and music hall as a child. She gained fame in Edwardian musical comedies in the 1890s. Reeve found considerable success on tour in Australia, South Africa, America and other places in pantomime, variety and vaudeville in the new century. At the age of 70 she began a film career, which she pursued for over a dozen years. Reeve was born in London, under the name Adelaide Mary Reeve. Her father was Samuel Isaacs, an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9099458", "chunk_text": "\"Ada Blanche\"\nin Chiswick at the age of 90. Ada Blanche Ada Blanche (16 July 1862 – 1 January 1953), born Ada Cecilia Blanche Adams, was an English actress and singer known early in her career for vivacious performances in Victorian burlesque and pantomime and later in character roles in Edwardian musical comedy. Born into a theatrical family, Blanche made her stage debut at the age of fourteen and had a forty-five year career, almost exclusively on the British stage, in the West End and on tour. In the 1890s she was a leading principal boy in London's most lavishly staged pantomimes.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17380676", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\n5. On March 11, 2014 filming at the Hotel Vancouver commenced. Anamorphic lenses and minimal use of steadicams were employed to provide greater authenticity for scenes set in the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. The films \"\"Gentlemen Prefer Blondes\"\" and \"\"How to Marry a Millionaire\"\" served as inspiration for the period color tone and saturation. While Rob Simonsen scored the film, Lana Del Rey contributed a song titled \"\"Life Is Beautiful\"\". The song is featured in the film's trailer but is not included in the soundtrack. On August 15, 2014, Lionsgate set the film for a January 23, 2015 worldwide release.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2277727", "chunk_text": "\"Anjali Jay\"\nAnjali Jay Anjali Jay (born Anjali Jayadev; 9 August 1975) is an Indian actress and dancer. Jay has acted in several films as well as on TV shows in Britain and the U.S., including \"\"\"\", \"\"Blind Dating\"\", and \"\"The Age of Adaline\"\". She also acted in the television series \"\"Robin Hood\"\" as well as \"\"The Inspector Lynley Mysteries\"\" and \"\"Doctors\"\". Jay was born in India and grew up in Bangalore. She attended Sophia High School until 1986. She graduated with a BA degree from Mount Carmel College in 1991. Jay is trained in Bharatanatyam and contemporary dance. She went to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3528679", "chunk_text": "\"Miriam Margolyes\"\nthe coming week.\"\" Author and comedian David Walliams says he used Margolyes as a model for the title character in his children's book \"\"Awful Auntie\"\" after a rude exchange with the actress during a stage production. He stresses that he has nothing against Margolyes and is a fan of her work. Miriam Margolyes Miriam Margolyes, (; born 18 May 1941) is a British-Australian actress and voice artist. Her earliest roles were in theatre and after several supporting roles in film and television she won a BAFTA Award for her role in \"\"The Age of Innocence\"\" (1993) and went on to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7917775", "chunk_text": "\"Lady Constance Malleson\"\nLady Constance Malleson Lady Constance Malleson (24 October 1895 – 5 October 1975) was a British writer and actress (appearing as Colette O'Niel). The daughter of Hugh Annesley, 5th Earl Annesley, Malleson studied at the Royal Academy of Drama Art and was a popular theater performer. During her twenty-year acting career she appeared in numerous productions across the United Kingdom including several productions at prominent theaters in London's West End and in Maurice Elvey's 1918 silent film Hindle Wakes. Before retiring from acting Malleson wrote and produced \"\"The Way\"\" a three act starring Una O'Connor, Charles Carson, and Moyna Macgill.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18104775", "chunk_text": "\"Lizabeth Scott\"\nLizabeth Scott Lizabeth Virginia Scott (born Emma Matzo; September 29, 1922 – January 31, 2015) was an American actress, known for her \"\"smoky voice\"\" and being \"\"the most beautiful face of film noir during the 1940s and 1950s\"\". After understudying the role of Sabina in the original Broadway and Boston stage productions of \"\"The Skin of Our Teeth\"\", she emerged in such films as \"\"The Strange Love of Martha Ivers\"\" (1946), \"\"Dead Reckoning\"\" (1947), \"\"Desert Fury\"\" (1947), and \"\"Too Late for Tears\"\" (1949). Of her 22 films, she was the leading lady in all but one. In addition to stage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11708719", "chunk_text": "\"Adah Isaacs Menken\"\nin his book, 'The Great Prize Fight' and Graham Gordon in his book 'Master of the Ring') generally dismiss her work as being devoid of talent. However, admirers included Christina Rossetti and Joaquin Miller. Adah Isaacs Menken Adah Isaacs Menken (June 15, 1835August 10, 1868) was an American actress, painter and poet, and was the highest earning actress of her time. She was best known for her performance in the melodrama \"\"Mazeppa\"\", with a climax that featured her apparently nude and riding a horse on stage. After great success for a few years with the play in New York and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5775257", "chunk_text": "\"Blake Lively\"\nNicolas Winding Refn for the fragrance. In October 2013, Lively was named the new face of L'Oreal, marking her first major makeup campaign. Lively starred in the film \"\"The Age of Adaline\"\" (2015), opposite Michiel Huisman and Harrison Ford, playing a woman who \"\"stops aging after recovering from a near-fatal accident.\"\" The film was a modest commercial success, grossing $65.7 million from a production budget of $25 million. In 2016, Lively starred in the survival horror film \"\"The Shallows\"\". It received mostly positive reviews and Lively's performance was praised by critics. In 2018, Lively starred in the mystery-thriller \"\"A Simple", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9318102", "chunk_text": "\"Cora Witherspoon\"\nCora Witherspoon Cora Witherspoon (January 5, 1890 – November 17, 1957) was an American stage and film character actress whose career spanned nearly half a century. She began in theatre where she would remain rooted even after entering motion pictures in the early 1930s. As Witherspoon’s career progressed she carved out a niche playing haughty society women or harridan housewives such as Princess Lina in Ferenc Molnár's 1928 play, \"\"Olympia,\"\" or Agatha Sousè, W. C. Fields’ domineering spouse in the 1940 film, \"\"The Bank Dick\"\". John Springer and Jack Hamilton, authors of \"\"They Had Faces Then: Super Stars, Stars, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19901639", "chunk_text": "\"Barbara Mitchell\"\nBarbara Mitchell Barbara Mitchell (4 October 1929 – 9 December 1977, Kingston Upon Thames) was an English actress who became a familiar face on British television in the 1960s and 1970s, best known for her work in many classic sitcoms of the period. Mitchell started out as a stage actress, and gained a foothold in television with a number of appearances in popular shows in the 1960s. In 1970, she got her first leading TV role, as Ruth, the daughter of the title character (Irene Handl) in the gentle comedy \"\"For the Love of Ada\"\", which ran for four series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11572767", "chunk_text": "\"Kim Hunter\"\nKim Hunter Kim Hunter (born Janet Cole; November 12, 1922 – September 11, 2002) was an American film, theatre, and television actress. She won both an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award, each as Best Supporting Actress, for her performance as Stella Kowalski in the 1951 film \"\"A Streetcar Named Desire\"\". Decades later, she was nominated for a Daytime Emmy Award for her work on the long-running soap opera \"\"The Edge of Night\"\". She also portrayed the character of chimpanzee Zira in the first three installments of the original film adaptation \"\"Planet of the Apes\"\". Hunter was born in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20717517", "chunk_text": "\"Lizabeth Scott\"\nof Fame at 1624 Vine Street in Hollywood. Lizabeth Scott Lizabeth Virginia Scott (born Emma Matzo; September 29, 1922 – January 31, 2015) was an American actress, known for her \"\"smoky voice\"\" and being \"\"the most beautiful face of film noir during the 1940s and 1950s\"\". After understudying the role of Sabina in the original Broadway and Boston stage productions of \"\"The Skin of Our Teeth\"\", she emerged in such films as \"\"The Strange Love of Martha Ivers\"\" (1946), \"\"Dead Reckoning\"\" (1947), \"\"Desert Fury\"\" (1947), and \"\"Too Late for Tears\"\" (1949). Of her 22 films, she was the leading lady", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14312417", "chunk_text": "\"Joely Richardson\"\nJoely Richardson Joely Kim Richardson (born 9 January 1965) is an English actress, known for her role as Julia McNamara in the FX drama series \"\"Nip/Tuck\"\" (2003–10), and Queen Catherine Parr in the Showtime series \"\"The Tudors\"\" (2010). She has also appeared in films such as \"\"101 Dalmatians\"\" (1996), \"\"Event Horizon\"\" (1997), \"\"The Patriot\"\" (2000), \"\"Return to Me\"\" (2000), \"\"Anonymous\"\" (2011), the Hollywood film adaptation \"\"The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo\"\" (2011), and the remake of \"\"Endless Love\"\" (2014). Richardson was born in Marylebone, London, to the theatrical Redgrave family, the daughter of actress Vanessa Redgrave and director Tony Richardson,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13921347", "chunk_text": "\"Donna Murphy\"\nDonna Murphy Donna Murphy (born March 7, 1959) is an American actress and singer, known for her work in musical theater. A five-time Tony Award nominee, she has twice won the Tony for Best Actress in a Musical: for her role as Fosca in \"\"Passion\"\" (1994–95) and as Anna Leonowens\"\" in The King and I\"\" (1996–97). She was also nominated for her roles as Ruth Sherwood in \"\"Wonderful Town\"\" (2003), Lotte Lenya in \"\"LoveMusik\"\" (2007) and Bubbie/Raisel in \"\"The People in the Picture\"\" (2011). Murphy made her Broadway debut as a replacement in the 1979 musical \"\"They're Playing Our Song\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7022607", "chunk_text": "\"Margaret Rutherford\"\nMargaret Rutherford Dame Margaret Taylor Rutherford, (11 May 1892 – 22 May 1972) was a British character actress of stage, television and film, probably best known for her later career as Agatha Christie's character Miss Marple. She first came to prominence following World War II in the film adaptations of Noël Coward's \"\"Blithe Spirit\"\", and Oscar Wilde's \"\"The Importance of Being Earnest\"\". She won the Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for her role as The Duchess of Brighton in \"\"The V.I.P.s\"\" (1963). Rutherford was appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1961 and a Dame", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17482372", "chunk_text": "\"Moira Kelly\"\nMoira Kelly Moira Kelly (born March 6, 1968) is an American actress. She is best known for portraying Kate Moseley in the 1992 film \"\"The Cutting Edge\"\", as well as single mother Karen Roe on the teen drama \"\"One Tree Hill\"\". She is also known for playing the role of Donna Hayward in \"\"\"\", replacing Lara Flynn Boyle in the prequel to the 1990 TV series \"\"Twin Peaks\"\". Other roles include Dorothy Day in \"\"\"\", White House media consultant Mandy Hampton in the first season of \"\"The West Wing\"\", and the voice of Simba's love interest Nala in \"\"The Lion", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5269075", "chunk_text": "\"Elizabeth Adare\"\nElizabeth Adare Elizabeth Adare (born 3 June 1949 in Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland) is a currently practising child psychologist but is better known as an English actress and television presenter during the 1970s and 1980s. Her most prominent role was as Elizabeth in the 1970s science fiction television series \"\"The Tomorrow People\"\". Other TV credits include: \"\"Mind Your Language (\"\"An Inspector Calls\"\")\"\", \"\"Crossroads\"\", \"\"Within These Walls\"\", \"\"Rising Damp\"\", \"\"Angels\"\", \"\"Father Dear Father\"\", \"\"The Expert\"\", \"\"Enemy at the Door\"\", \"\"The Setbacks\"\" and \"\"Rumpole of the Bailey\"\". Elizabeth Adare was born in 1949 in Newcastle upon Tyne, Northumberland, England, of African immigrant", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6287186", "chunk_text": "\"Julia Ormond\"\nJulia Ormond Julia Karin Ormond (born 4 January 1965) is an English actress. She rose to prominence appearing in such films as \"\"The Baby of Mâcon\"\" (1993), \"\"Legends of the Fall\"\" (1994), \"\"First Knight\"\" (1995), \"\"Sabrina\"\" (1995), \"\"Smilla's Sense of Snow\"\" (1997) and \"\"The Barber of Siberia\"\" (1998). She won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie for her role in the HBO film \"\"Temple Grandin\"\" (2010). Ormond was born in Epsom, Surrey, the daughter of Josephine, a laboratory technician, and John Ormond, a computer software designer. She attended independent schools, first Guildford High", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17125511", "chunk_text": "\"The Age of Adaline\"\nthe present year, she attends a party where she meets Ellis Jones, introducing herself as her current alias, Jennifer. He asks to see her again but she refuses, knowing she can never fall in love because she can never have a normal future with someone. The next day at work, Ellis arrives and again asks Adaline to go on a date with him. Finally she accepts. In a flashback, Adaline is shown pulling up in a cab to a park where a man is waiting, holding an engagement ring. Scared, she asks the cab driver to keep going. Back in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20690700", "chunk_text": "\"Alphonsia Emmanuel\"\nIn 1999 Emmanuel married American lawyer Marc Rosenfeld, an environmentalist based in Antigua, and she now divides her time between London and the Caribbean. In 2002 she returned to the UK to appear as Karen Delage in the BBC drama \"\"Fields of Gold\"\". In 2007 she co-founded the Gale Theatre of London and Barbados, appearing as Ruth in \"\"Blithe Spirit\"\" in the same year. She also co-founded the Caribbean Unity Theatre in Antigua in 2008. Alphonsia Emmanuel Alphonsia Emmanuel (born 7 November 1956) is an actress known for her appearances in \"\"Under Suspicion\"\" (1991), \"\"Peter's Friends\"\" (1992) and \"\"Still Crazy\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9099448", "chunk_text": "\"Ada Blanche\"\nto playing comic, formidable older women. Her most celebrated role of this kind was in the hit musical \"\"The Arcadians\"\" (1909), staged by her brother-in-law Robert Courtneidge. Beyond musical comedy, Blanche appeared in farces and other comedies in non-singing roles between 1906 and her retirement in 1921. Among her co-stars during her long career were George Grossmith Jr., Dan Leno, Marie Lloyd, Walter Passmore, Kate Santley and Little Tich. Blanche was born in Brixton, London, the daughter of the singer and actress Cicely Nott and her husband, Sam Adams, a theatre manager. The couple had five children, all of whom", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19084719", "chunk_text": "\"Ernestine Barrier\"\nto Broadway (using her married name of Ernestine Barrier) appearing with her husband Edgar Barrier in \"\"On Whitman Avenue\"\". She was survived by her son, the former actor Michael Barrier, and her granddaughter Maerian Morris. Ernestine Barrier Ernestine Barrier (March 19, 1908 – February 13, 1989) was an American actress of stage, film and television. Her birth name was Ernestine Spratt, but she used the stage name of Ernestine De Becker (after her mother's maiden name). She is noted for playing a female president in the film \"\"Project Moonbase\"\" (1953). Descended from an acting family, Barrier made her first stage", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_265	who played raquel in only fools and horses?	n/a	[ "Tessa Peake-Jones" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20971807", "chunk_text": "\"Tessa Peake-Jones\"\nand a son, Charlie, born c. 2000. Tessa Peake-Jones Tessa Peake-Jones (born 9 May 1957) is an English actress. She is known for her role as Raquel in the BBC sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\", whom she played from December 1988 until the programme ended in 2003. She was educated at Kenmore Park Junior School, Harrow and Downer Grammar School, now known as Canons High School, before training at the Central School of Speech and Drama. Peake-Jones is best known for playing Raquel Turner, the longtime partner of the main character Derek \"\"Del Boy\"\" Trotter, in the television comedy \"\"Only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20734542", "chunk_text": "\"Tessa Peake-Jones\"\nTessa Peake-Jones Tessa Peake-Jones (born 9 May 1957) is an English actress. She is known for her role as Raquel in the BBC sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\", whom she played from December 1988 until the programme ended in 2003. She was educated at Kenmore Park Junior School, Harrow and Downer Grammar School, now known as Canons High School, before training at the Central School of Speech and Drama. Peake-Jones is best known for playing Raquel Turner, the longtime partner of the main character Derek \"\"Del Boy\"\" Trotter, in the television comedy \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\". She had a co-starring", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19259233", "chunk_text": "\"Raquel Turner\"\nRaquel Turner Rachel \"\"Raquel\"\" Turner (formerly Slater; born 4 June 1957) is a fictional character from the BBC television sit-com \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\", in which she was Del Boy's longtime girlfriend. She was portrayed by Tessa Peake-Jones. With \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" moving into its sixth series, writer John Sullivan wanted Del Boy to start looking for more mature women, rather than continually chasing 20-year-olds, and to have a long-term relationship, so he came up with the character Raquel for the 1988 Christmas special episode, \"\"Dates\"\". During the episode, she was introduced to Del via a dating agency and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19259240", "chunk_text": "\"Raquel Turner\"\nhis \"\"significant other\"\", a term she does not seem to appreciate. Her character also changed as the show went on, moving from an ambitious woman lacking in confidence, to a tougher sarcastic one unafraid to stand up to Del's scheming and fast-talking nature. Raquel Turner Rachel \"\"Raquel\"\" Turner (formerly Slater; born 4 June 1957) is a fictional character from the BBC television sit-com \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\", in which she was Del Boy's longtime girlfriend. She was portrayed by Tessa Peake-Jones. With \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" moving into its sixth series, writer John Sullivan wanted Del Boy to start looking", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6994694", "chunk_text": "\"Only Fools and Horses\"\nboth Del and Rodney find long-term love, in the form of Raquel (Tessa Peake-Jones) and Cassandra (Gwyneth Strong) respectively; Del also has a son with Raquel, Damien (played by five actors, most recently Ben Smith). Rodney and Cassandra marry, separate and then get back together again. Cassandra miscarries, but then she and Rodney eventually have a baby. Rodney finds out who his real father was. The Trotters finally become millionaires, lose their fortune, and then regain some of it. The most frequent roles for guest actors in \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" were as Del or Rodney's once-seen girlfriends, barmaids at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4437113", "chunk_text": "\"Gwyneth Strong\"\nGwyneth Strong Gwyneth Strong (born 2 December 1959) is an English actress. She is best known for her role in the BBC sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" as Cassandra, the love interest and, later, wife of Rodney (Nicholas Lyndhurst). Strong's first acting appearance was in the Royal Court Theatre's production \"\"Live Like Pigs\"\", when she was eleven. In 1973, whilst a pupil at Holland Park School, she appeared in the horror film \"\"Nothing But the Night\"\" as Mary Valley, and she was a regular in the children's TV series \"\"The Flockton Flyer\"\" between 1977 and 1979, as Jan Carter. Strong", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15687048", "chunk_text": "\"Susie Wokoma\"\n\"\"\"\", the seventh expansion of the popular \"\"World of Warcraft\"\" game. In 2019 Susan will star in the new Channel 4 and IFC comedy \"\"Year of the Rabbit\"\" alongside Matt Berry and Freddie Fox. Susie Wokoma Susan Indiaba Wokoma (born 31 December 1987 in Southwark, London, England) is an award-winning British actress and writer of Nigerian descent. She is best known for her roles as \"\"Raquel\"\" in the cult E4/Netflix show \"\"Crazyhead\"\" and \"\"Cynthia\"\" in \"\"Chewing Gum\"\". Wokoma was listed as one of Europe's Forbes 30 under 30 in 2017 and named a BAFTA Breakthrough Brit by an international jury,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14813748", "chunk_text": "\"Susie Wokoma\"\nSusie Wokoma Susan Indiaba Wokoma (born 31 December 1987 in Southwark, London, England) is an award-winning British actress and writer of Nigerian descent. She is best known for her roles as \"\"Raquel\"\" in the cult E4/Netflix show \"\"Crazyhead\"\" and \"\"Cynthia\"\" in \"\"Chewing Gum\"\". Wokoma was listed as one of Europe's Forbes 30 under 30 in 2017 and named a BAFTA Breakthrough Brit by an international jury, later that same year. Susan made her television debut at 14 as a participant in CBBC's \"\"Serious Jungle\"\" in 2002. She was also a member of The National Youth Theatre, making her professional acting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20737805", "chunk_text": "\"Sue Holderness\"\nSue Holderness Susan Joan Pringle Holderness (born 28 May 1949) is an English actress. She played the role of Marlene Boyce in the British sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" (from 1985 to 2003) and its spin-off \"\"The Green Green Grass\"\" (from 2005 until 2009). Holderness was born in Hampstead, London. After taking her A-levels, she trained at the Central School of Speech and Drama. She began her acting career with Manchester’s 69 Theatre Company in \"\"A Midsummer Night’s Dream\"\", \"\"Peer Gynt\"\" and as Desdemona in \"\"Catch My Soul\"\" (Jack Good’s rock-musical version of \"\"Othello\"\"). She has worked consistently in theatre,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3417590", "chunk_text": "\"Raquel Welch\"\nRaquel Welch Raquel Welch (born Jo Raquel Tejada; September 5, 1940) is an American actress and singer. She first won attention for her role in \"\"Fantastic Voyage\"\" (1966), after which she won a contract with 20th Century Fox. They lent her contract to a British studio, for whom she made \"\"One Million Years B.C.\"\" (1966). She had only three lines in the film, yet images of her in the doe-skin bikini which she wore became best-selling posters that turned her into a celebrity sex symbol. She later starred in notable films including \"\"Bedazzled\"\" (1967), \"\"Bandolero!\"\" (1968), \"\"100 Rifles\"\" (1969) and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7461591", "chunk_text": "\"Alison Pargeter\"\nAlison Pargeter Alison Pargeter (born 31 May 1972) is an English actress who played the roles of stalker Sarah Cairns in the BBC soap opera \"\"EastEnders\"\", also Mary Slessor in an 11-part television series of\"\" Mary Slessor\"\", and the Nag's Head barmaid called Val in the BBC \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" prequel \"\"Rock & Chips\"\". Pargeter has made several appearances over the years on screen and in June 2000 she made a guest appearance in the Channel 5 Horror series \"\"Urban Gothic \"\"playing the role of a 21-year-old student called Leila Haze who had received a transplant from the surgeon,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12260149", "chunk_text": "\"Amanda Redman\"\nAmanda Redman Amanda Jacqueline Redman, (born 12 August 1957) is an English actress, known for her role as Sandra Pullman in the BBC One series \"\"New Tricks\"\" (2003–13) and as Dr. Lydia Fonseca in \"\"The Good Karma Hospital\"\" (2017–18). She gained BAFTA TV Award nominations for \"\"At Home with the Braithwaites\"\" (2000–03) and \"\"\"\" (2014). Her film roles include \"\"For Queen and Country\"\" (1988), \"\"Sexy Beast\"\" (2000) and \"\"\"\" (2001). Redman was born in Brighton. Her father, Ronald Jack Redman (1929–1980), was born in Camberwell, London to parents from Yorkshire, and her mother, Joan Beryl Redman (née Herrington, 1927-2014), was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16615355", "chunk_text": "\"Rachel Bell\"\nRachel Bell Rachel Bell (born 1950) is an English actress. Bell has many television credits to her name and has been associated as a long-running character with three series: Margaret Holmes in \"\"Grange Hill\"\" (1997–2002); Edith Pilchester in \"\"The Darling Buds of May\"\" (1991–1993); and Louise, the overbearing chair of the divorcee support group in \"\"Dear John\"\" (1986–1987). She also appeared in the \"\"Doctor Who\"\" story \"\"The Happiness Patrol\"\" (1988) and the \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" episode \"\"To Hull and Back\"\" (1985). Her films include \"\"Sweet William\"\" (1980), \"\"Red Mercury\"\" (2005) and the 2008 Keira Knightley film, \"\"The Edge Of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4437116", "chunk_text": "\"Gwyneth Strong\"\nSeptember 2016, she joined the cast of the popular BBC soap opera \"\"EastEnders\"\", in the recurring role of Geraldine Clough. Strong married former \"\"Footballers' Wives\"\" and \"\"Eldorado\"\" star Jesse Birdsall on 15 July 2000. They have one son Oscar (born 1988), and one daughter Lottie (born 1991). She now lives in Bexhill, East Sussex. Gwyneth Strong Gwyneth Strong (born 2 December 1959) is an English actress. She is best known for her role in the BBC sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" as Cassandra, the love interest and, later, wife of Rodney (Nicholas Lyndhurst). Strong's first acting appearance was in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13997472", "chunk_text": "\"Raquel Welch\"\nRedemption\"\" (1994). The poster that Andy Dufresne had on his prison cell wall at the time of his escape was the famous pinup image of Welch in \"\"One Million Years B.C.\"\" Prior to Dufresne's escape being realized, the warden refers to Welch as Miss Fuzzy Britches. Raquel Welch Raquel Welch (born Jo Raquel Tejada; September 5, 1940) is an American actress and singer. She first won attention for her role in \"\"Fantastic Voyage\"\" (1966), after which she won a contract with 20th Century Fox. They lent her contract to a British studio, for whom she made \"\"One Million Years B.C.\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2132840", "chunk_text": "\"Raquel Cassidy\"\nAbbey\"\". Other roles include Susan Gately in \"\"Teachers\"\" (series 1 and 2), the Home Office Junior Minister Jo Porter in \"\"Party Animals\"\", Cassie Turner in \"\"The Worst Week of My Life\"\", Nancy Weeks in \"\"Moving Wallpaper\"\" and Mel in \"\"Lead Balloon\"\". Raquel Cassidy Raquel Josephine Dominic Cassidy (born 22 January 1968) is an English actress. Born to a Spanish mother and an English father, she was the third child and only daughter born to the couple. Born and brought up in Fleet, Hampshire, she was educated at Farnborough Hill Convent, and then Girton College, Cambridge, where she studied modern languages", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18854483", "chunk_text": "\"Sue Holderness\"\nFeet\"\", also for Granada. Films include \"\"That'll Be the Day\"\" (1973) and \"\"It Could Happen to You\"\" (aka \"\"Intimate Teenage Secrets\"\") (1975). Sue also appeared in the low budget feature \"\"Meat Draw\"\" and \"\"Out of Sight\"\" for Granada. Sue regularly appears in pantomime. and has appeared in productions across the UK. In 2014, Holderness appeared in the BBC One medical drama Casualty as Alice Sweeney. Sue Holderness Susan Joan Pringle Holderness (born 28 May 1949) is an English actress. She played the role of Marlene Boyce in the British sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" (from 1985 to 2003) and its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18782453", "chunk_text": "\"Andrée Bernard\"\nAndrée Bernard Andrée Bernard (born December 1966) is an English television, film and theatre actress, singer and dancer best known for her major role as \"\"Liz Burton\"\" in the British soap opera \"\"Hollyoaks\"\". Born in the Kent town of Dartford as Andree Barnard, she started acting in her early teens and, by the age of 17 in 1983, was appearing in episodes of \"\"The Two Ronnies\"\" and playing one of the two leading characters in the 1984 television film \"\"Sharon & Michelle\"\". She also starred in \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" as Nervous Nerys for 2 episodes. In 1991 she played", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10539738", "chunk_text": "\"Diane Langton\"\nDiane Langton Diane Langton (born 31 May 1947) is an English actress and singer, most notable for playing Nana McQueen in \"\"Hollyoaks\"\" from 2007 to 2009, and then again from 2012. She has appeared in numerous TV shows. In \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" in the 1980s she played June Snell, a former girlfriend of Del Boy. She also appeared in \"\"The Rag Trade\"\" as Kathy Roberts, \"\"EastEnders\"\" as Cindy Beale's mother Bev Williams, in \"\"Heartbeat\"\" as Ruby Rowan, Nick Berry's character's mother, and as a prostitute in an episode of \"\"Joking Apart\"\". Her other notable TV appearances have included \"\"Alas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5722042", "chunk_text": "\"Debbie Arnold\"\nArnold has formed her own production company, Debbie Arnold Productions which has produced numerous radio and TV productions. She has also been the face of the clothing company Etam UK and the hair company Goldwell. Debbie is also founder and face of the online beauty recommendation service Looking Gorgeous. She has written many beauty articles for top magazines and is writing a book on self-development. Arnold has been married twice. In 1981, she married the actor John Challis, best known for playing Boycie in the hit BBC comedy \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\". They divorced in 1985. In 1989, she married", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20490097", "chunk_text": "\"Cassandra Trotter\"\nCassandra Trotter Cassandra Louise Trotter (née Parry; born 16 June 1966) is a fictional character from the British sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\". She was portrayed by Gwyneth Strong. The intelligent, slightly-spoiled daughter of the owner of a successful paper merchant, Alan (Denis Lill) and his wife Pam (Wanda Ventham), Cassandra was an ambitious employee of the local bank. She made her first \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" appearance in the episode \"\"Yuppy Love\"\", in which she was an attendee of Rodney's adult education class. The two first met when they accidentally mixed up their raincoats in the cloak room, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18493347", "chunk_text": "\"Wanda Ventham\"\nWanda Ventham Wanda Ventham (born 5 August 1935) is an English actress, known primarily for her role as Colonel Virginia Lake in the 1970s science-fiction television series \"\"UFO\"\", and for her recurring role as Cassandra Trotter's mother Pamela Parry in the sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" from 1989–92. She also appeared in two episodes of \"\"The Saint\"\" alongside Roger Moore. In April 2014, \"\"People\"\" magazine featured her in its \"\"Most Beautiful People in the World\"\" edition. Ventham was born in Brighton, the daughter of Gladys Frances (née Holtham) and Frederick Howard Ventham. Originally aspiring to become an artist, she attended", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6994693", "chunk_text": "\"Only Fools and Horses\"\nin the form of regulars at the local pub \"\"The Nag's Head\"\". These included pub landlord Mike Fisher (Kenneth MacDonald), lorry driver Denzil (Paul Barber), youthful spiv Mickey Pearce (Patrick Murray) and Boycie's flirtatious wife Marlene (Sue Holderness). As the series progressed, the scope of the plots expanded. Many early episodes were largely self-contained, with few plot-lines mentioned again, but the show developed a story arc and an ongoing episodic dimension. After Grandad died following the death of actor Lennard Pearce, his younger brother Uncle Albert (Buster Merryfield) emerged and moved in with Del and Rodney. After years of searching,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19467929", "chunk_text": "\"Jill Baker\"\nJill Baker Gillian Mary Baker (born 1952) is an English actress. She is best known for her role as Pauline Harris The ex fiance of Del Trotter in Only Fools and Horses episode the second time around. Baker is a graduate of the Bristol Old Vic Theatre School. She married Bob Peck in 1982. Peck and Baker shared a seventeen-year marriage until Peck's death in 1999. They had three children. Her theatre work includes the premiere of \"\"The Secret Rapture\"\" in 1988. She has also been working as an actress in British television since 1975. Along with playing a recurring", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6324578", "chunk_text": "\"Kellie Bright\"\nAldridge) in Radio 4's \"\"The Archers\"\", and was with the series from 1995 until 2004. Bright has also had main roles in \"\"Bad Girls\"\" and BBC radio programme \"\"The Archers\"\". She has also guest starred in \"\"Da Ali G Show\"\" and made an appearance in the film \"\"Ali G Indahouse\"\". Bright has made several guest appearances on British television programmes, her credits include \"\"Holby City\"\", \"\"Casualty\"\", \"\"The Catherine Tate Show\"\" and \"\"Vera\"\". Bright appeared as Joan Trotter in the \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" prequel, \"\"Rock and Chips\"\", from 2010 until 2011. In October 2013, Bright was cast as Linda Carter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6579531", "chunk_text": "\"Stage Fright (Only Fools and Horses)\"\nStage Fright (Only Fools and Horses) \"\"Stage Fright\"\" is an episode of the BBC sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\". It was the third episode of series 7, and first broadcast on 13 January 1991. In the episode, Del wins a contract to put on the entertainment at the Starlight Rooms, and arranges for Raquel and a club singer named Tony Angelino to perform a duet, unaware that Tony has a speech impediment. The scene when Raquel and Tony perform Crying was named the 8th Greatest Only Fools Moments by UKTV Gold. Raquel is now three months pregnant, and Del Boy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13142720", "chunk_text": "\"Kim Clifford\"\nKim Clifford Kim Clifford (born 27 January 1961) is an English actress. At the age of 13 she starred in the BAFTA TV Award winning television play \"\"Bar Mitzvah Boy\"\". She is possibly best known for her role as Sandra Hallam, wife of Sub Officer John Hallam, in \"\"London's Burning\"\", whom she played from 1986 to 1997. She also made appearances in other television dramas, including \"\"Juliet Bravo\"\", \"\"Not the Nine O'Clock News\"\", \"\"Alas Smith and Jones\"\" and the sitcom \"\"Goodnight Sweetheart\"\". She has also made an appearance in \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" in the 1985 episode 'To Hull &", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15285372", "chunk_text": "\"Denise Vasi\"\nand youth to recognize injustice and possibility within their communities and beyond. She is responsible for organizing a diaper drive, totally more than 6000 diapers for a local organization that supports Los Angeles children in need. Denise Vasi Denise Vasi (born March 1, 1983) is an American actress and fashion model from Brooklyn, New York., She attended Long Island University where she studied Business. She resides in Los Angeles, California. Vasi is best known for her role as Raquel Lancaster in \"\"Single Ladies\"\" and for Randi Hubbard on ABC's \"\"All My Children\"\", a role she played from May 29, 2008,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19318967", "chunk_text": "\"Nicholas Lyndhurst\"\nNicholas Lyndhurst Nicholas Simon Lyndhurst (born 20 April 1961) is an English actor. He played Rodney Trotter in \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\", Gary Sparrow in \"\"Goodnight Sweetheart\"\", Dan Griffin in the BBC drama \"\"New Tricks\"\" and Adam Parkinson in Carla Lane's series \"\"Butterflies\"\". Lyndhurst also starred as Ashley Philips in \"\"The Two of Us\"\", as Fletch's son Raymond in \"\"Going Straight\"\", the sequel to the sitcom \"\"Porridge\"\", Jimmy Venables in \"\"After You've Gone\"\", and Freddie 'The Frog' Robdal in the \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" prequel \"\"Rock & Chips\"\". Nicholas Simon Lyndhurst was born on 20 April 1961 in Emsworth, Hampshire,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "195835", "chunk_text": "\"Beryl Cooke\"\nof Joannie Hollins and her Jamaican boyfriend. Beryl Cooke Beryl Cooke (1 November 1906 – 21 August 2001) was an English actress. Her career spanned six decades; she is most familiar to British audiences as Aunt Lucy in the sitcom \"\"Happy Ever After\"\" and Mrs. Vance in the BBC drama \"\"Tenko\"\". Cooke made an appearance in British comedy \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" in the episode\"\"The Second Time Around\"\", as a woman Del Boy (David Jason) and Rodney (Nicholas Lyndhurst) believe to be Aunt Rose, but it later emerges that Aunt Rose moved many years ago, and the Trotters live under", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13430381", "chunk_text": "\"Raquel Watts\"\nthe \"\"prosaic and mundane\"\" setting of Bettabuys. From this, the name Raquel Wolstenhulme was devised, contrasting the glamorous Hollywood connotations of 'Raquel' with the down-to-earth Northern surname 'Wolstenhulme'. This glamorous/mundane contradiction was then encapsulated in the character. Raquel filled the dizzy blonde and tart with a heart stereotypes in \"\"Coronation Street\"\". Her defining characteristics included her \"\"short skirts, big hair and ... even bigger heart.\"\" Alongside her bouffant hair and short skirts, Raquel's costume commonly included high-heels and a great deal of make-up, reflecting her glamour model aspirations. \"\"The Guardian\"\" Nancy Banks-Smith described her as having an \"\"almost saintly idiocy\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3004171", "chunk_text": "\"Jake Wood\"\nJake Wood Jake Dylan Wood (born 12 July 1972) is an English actor, best known for his roles as Max Branning in \"\"EastEnders\"\", as Rodney Trotter's assistant in \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\", and as Kill Crazy in \"\"Red Dwarf\"\". In the United States, he is known as the voice of the GEICO gecko. Wood was born in Westminster, London to an English father and a French mother. He trained as an actor at the Anna Scher Drama School in Islington, North London. His first acting role was in the 1984 television series \"\"The Gentle Touch\"\". He has since appeared in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "897837", "chunk_text": "\"Nula Conwell\"\nNula Conwell Nula Conwell (born 24 May 1959) is an English character actress. She appeared as Nurse Kathleen in David Lynch's 1980 Oscar nominated film \"\"The Elephant Man\"\", and is well known for playing W.P.C/W.D.C. Viv Martella in the long-running crime UK series \"\"The Bill\"\" from 1984 to 1993, until her character was killed off. She had roles in \"\"Telford's Change\"\" and \"\"Bloody Kids\"\", and also played the barmaid Maureen in the acclaimed and award-winning British comedy series \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" which starred David Jason. She was asked to appear in the 1985 Christmas special \"\"To Hull and Back\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16267407", "chunk_text": "\"Only Fools and Horses\"\nprompting Rodney and Grandad to leave. In \"\"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire\"\", Del's old business partner Jumbo Mills (Nick Stringer) wanted Del to return to Australia with him and restore their partnership, forcing Del to make a decision. An attempt by Lennox (Vas Blackwood) to rob a local supermarket set-up the \"\"hostage\"\" situation in \"\"The Longest Night\"\". Del and Rodney spent the whole of \"\"Tea for Three\"\" battling each other for the affections of Trigger's niece Lisa (Gerry Cowper). Abdul (Tony Anholt) in \"\"To Hull and Back\"\" and Arnie (Philip McGough) in \"\"Chain Gang\"\" were responsible for setting up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5504615", "chunk_text": "\"Denise Vasi\"\nDenise Vasi Denise Vasi (born March 1, 1983) is an American actress and fashion model from Brooklyn, New York., She attended Long Island University where she studied Business. She resides in Los Angeles, California. Vasi is best known for her role as Raquel Lancaster in \"\"Single Ladies\"\" and for Randi Hubbard on ABC's \"\"All My Children\"\", a role she played from May 29, 2008, till fall 2011. She is the daughter of Dominican father and a half Greek, half Puerto Rican mother. She was born in Puerto Rico, lived in the Dominican Republic, signed to Ford Models at the age", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2685946", "chunk_text": "\"Erika Hoffman\"\nErika Hoffman Erika Hoffman (born c. 1962) is an English actress who appeared as Lesley Bainbridge in the BBC comedy Brush Strokes from series 2 onwards, when she took over the role from Kim Thomson. When the Brush Strokes series ended, she joined fellow cast member Howard Lew Lewis in the Channel 4 comedy series Chelmsford 123 where she played Gargamadua (the name translated, we were told, as \"\"Snot Bucket\"\"). She also appeared in the Minder episode, \"\"Second Time Around\"\" In 1986, she played Anna, a 19-year-old pregnant German girl, in the \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" episode \"\"From Prussia With", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13430390", "chunk_text": "\"Raquel Watts\"\nthe star itself has gone.\"\" Reviewing the two-hander episode between Raquel and Curly, Banks-Smith called it \"\"profoundly melancholic\"\", describing Raquel as, \"\"the barmaid every man dreamed would serve him, leaning like the blessed damozel from the gold bar of heaven, backed by shining spirits in bottles. A barmaid in excelsis. Beautiful as a daffodil though not as bright. A fine comic creation but entirely without a sense of humour.\"\" Ross, a long-standing fan of \"\"Coronation Street\"\", classes Raquel as one of the programme's greatest characters, alongside Elsie Tanner (Pat Phoenix) and Hilda Ogden (Jean Alexander), all \"\"as brilliantly watchable as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9326532", "chunk_text": "\"Sandra Payne\"\nalso appeared as Mrs. Quilp in \"\"The Old Curiosity Shop\"\", as Miss Taylor in \"\"The Wildcats of St Trinian's\"\" (1980), as Eryl Griffith in the 1985 TV series episode \"\"Miss Marple: The Moving Finger\"\", as Mrs Micawber in \"\"David Copperfield\"\" (1986) and as Miss Mackenzie (Council Housing Officer) in \"\"the Only Fools And Horses Episode, Homesick\"\" Sandra Payne Sandra Payne (born 24 September 1944, Royston, Hertfordshire) is an English actress best known for her roles as Christine Harris in the British television series \"\"Triangle\"\" and as Marion Ballard in \"\"Waiting for God\"\". She attended Selhurst Grammar School and the Italia", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19026948", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Opacic\"\nappearing at The Theatre Royal, St. Helens. Paul Opacic Paul Opacic (born 1966 in Halifax, West Yorkshire) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles as Jules in Only fools and Horses and Carl Costello in \"\"Hollyoaks\"\", Steve Marchant in \"\"Emmerdale\"\" and Mark Waddle in Bad Girls. After racking up several minor television credits in the early 1990s, including comedies \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" and \"\"Birds of a Feather\"\", it was in 1996 that Opacic got his big break when he was cast in \"\"Emmerdale\"\" as Steve Marchant, a new love interest for Kim Tate. Opacic enjoyed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15754730", "chunk_text": "\"Francesca Annis\"\nFrancesca Annis Francesca Annis (born 14 May 1945) is an English actor. She is known for television roles in \"\"Reckless\"\" (1998), \"\"Wives and Daughters\"\" (1999), \"\"Deceit\"\" (2000) and \"\"Cranford\"\" (2007). A six-time BAFTA TV Award nominee, she won the 1979 BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress for the ITV serial \"\"Lillie\"\". Her film appearances include \"\"Krull\"\" (1983), \"\"Dune\"\" (1984), \"\"The Debt Collector\"\" (1999) and \"\"The Libertine\"\" (2004). Annis was born in Kensington, London in 1945, to an English father, Lester William Anthony Annis (1914–2001) and a Brazilian-French mother, Mariquita (Mara) Purcell (1913–2009); both were sometime actors and Mara a sometime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4531837", "chunk_text": "\"Wanda Ventham\"\ncouple appeared together in the second series of BBC drama \"\"The Lotus Eaters\"\" in 1973, and in the third and fourth series of BBC's \"\"Sherlock\"\" in 2014 and 2017, where they played the title character's parents. Their son, actor Benedict Cumberbatch, played Sherlock. Wanda Ventham Wanda Ventham (born 5 August 1935) is an English actress, known primarily for her role as Colonel Virginia Lake in the 1970s science-fiction television series \"\"UFO\"\", and for her recurring role as Cassandra Trotter's mother Pamela Parry in the sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" from 1989–92. She also appeared in two episodes of \"\"The Saint\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6579537", "chunk_text": "\"Stage Fright (Only Fools and Horses)\"\nhim \"\"Hang about, Tony. I've got you some more bookings. Stick with me, son, I'll make you wich!\"\" Stage Fright (Only Fools and Horses) \"\"Stage Fright\"\" is an episode of the BBC sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\". It was the third episode of series 7, and first broadcast on 13 January 1991. In the episode, Del wins a contract to put on the entertainment at the Starlight Rooms, and arranges for Raquel and a club singer named Tony Angelino to perform a duet, unaware that Tony has a speech impediment. The scene when Raquel and Tony perform Crying was named", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "214427", "chunk_text": "\"Raquel Watts\"\nRaquel Watts Raquel Watts (also Wolstenhulme) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera, \"\"Coronation Street\"\", played by Sarah Lancashire. Raquel is established as the daughter of a strict Catholic father and heavy-drinking mother, estranged from her father after partaking in semi-nude modelling. She is introduced as an assistant at Weatherfield's Bettabuy supermarket, working alongside Curly Watts (Kevin Kennedy), with whom she begins a relationship. They separate when Raquel develops feelings for a photographer and moves to London to become a model. Disappointed by the calibre of work she is offered, Raquel returns to Weatherfield and becomes a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5884975", "chunk_text": "\"Kenneth MacDonald (English actor)\"\nKenneth MacDonald (English actor) Kenneth MacDonald (20 November 1950 – 6 August 2001) was an English-born actor who was best known for the parts of Gunner Nobby Clark in \"\"It Ain't Half Hot Mum\"\" and Mike Fisher in \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\". MacDonald was born in Manchester, Lancashire, the son of Scottish heavyweight wrestling champion Bill MacDonald, who died of kidney failure at the age of 43, when Kenneth was 13. He attended St Anthony's preparatory school in Stony Stratford, Buckinghamshire, and went on to St Bernardine's Franciscan College in Buckingham, where he took part in school productions, notably \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20872442", "chunk_text": "\"Paul Opacic\"\nPaul Opacic Paul Opacic (born 1966 in Halifax, West Yorkshire) is an English actor. He is best known for his roles as Jules in Only fools and Horses and Carl Costello in \"\"Hollyoaks\"\", Steve Marchant in \"\"Emmerdale\"\" and Mark Waddle in Bad Girls. After racking up several minor television credits in the early 1990s, including comedies \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" and \"\"Birds of a Feather\"\", it was in 1996 that Opacic got his big break when he was cast in \"\"Emmerdale\"\" as Steve Marchant, a new love interest for Kim Tate. Opacic enjoyed several high-profile storylines in his time on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "195834", "chunk_text": "\"Beryl Cooke\"\nBeryl Cooke Beryl Cooke (1 November 1906 – 21 August 2001) was an English actress. Her career spanned six decades; she is most familiar to British audiences as Aunt Lucy in the sitcom \"\"Happy Ever After\"\" and Mrs. Vance in the BBC drama \"\"Tenko\"\". Cooke made an appearance in British comedy \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" in the episode\"\"The Second Time Around\"\", as a woman Del Boy (David Jason) and Rodney (Nicholas Lyndhurst) believe to be Aunt Rose, but it later emerges that Aunt Rose moved many years ago, and the Trotters live under the pretence of being the adopted children", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3909113", "chunk_text": "Benidorm\nof the hit British sitcom \"\"Only Fools and Horses\"\" was filmed in Benidorm. The episode was called \"\"It Never Rains...\"\". A TV series called \"\"Benidorm\"\" has aired on ITV (with replays on ITV2) in the UK. Actors include Jake Canuso, Steve Pemberton, Sheila Reid and comedian Johnny Vegas. Airing of the tenth series begin in February 2018. Benidorm is one of the most culturally diverse cities in Europe with a high immigrant population. The population in 2010 was 71,198. These figures are for those registered as formal \"\"residents\"\" and not long-term visitors. The École française Pablo-Picasso, an annex of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16267406", "chunk_text": "\"Only Fools and Horses\"\nAround\"\", the woman they believed to be Auntie Rose (Beryl Cooke) turned out to be no relation at all but the woman who'd moved into Rose's house some years earlier. After Rodney met Cassandra, her parents Alan (Denis Lill) and Pam (Wanda Ventham) became recurring characters. Raquel's parents, James and Audrey (Michael Jayston and Ann Lynn), appeared in \"\"Time On Our Hands\"\", and it was James who discovered the antique watch which made the Trotters millionaires. In some episodes, a guest character was essential to the plot. Del's ex-fiancée Pauline (Jill Baker) dominated Del's libido in \"\"The Second Time Around\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14215020", "chunk_text": "\"Isobel Black\"\n\"\"The Avengers\"\", \"\"Adam Adamant Lives!\"\", \"\"The Troubleshooters\"\", \"\"The Spies\"\", \"\"Mystery and Imagination, \"\"Department S\"\", \"\"Ace of Wands\"\", \"\"The Capone Investment\"\" and \"\"The Brief\"\" (1984). As Isobel Gatward, she was awarded the British Empire Medal in the 2017 New Year Honours for her services to the charitable sector, in particular her work for the Mayflower Theatre Trust in Southampton over the past 30 years. Isobel Black Isobel Anne Black (born 15 December 1942 in Edinburgh, Scotland) is a British actress who is known for her roles on film and television. She is the daughter of the screenwriter Ian Stuart Black She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16470857", "chunk_text": "\"Itziar Ituño\"\naddition to her film, television and theater roles, she is also a singer in three bands: Dangiliske, EZ3, and INGOT. On 26 September 2017, she was a presenter of the Basque Film Gala and the EITB Gala for the 65th edition of the San Sebastian International Film Festival. Itziar Ituño Itziar Ituño Martínez (born June 18, 1974) is a Spanish actress, best known for her role as Inspector Raquel Murillo in the Spanish television series \"\"Money Heist\"\" (\"\"La casa de papel\"\"). Itziar Ituño studied acting at the Basauri Theater School. She also studied sociology. Her mother tongue is Castilian but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_266	who was elected governor of tennessee in 1865?	n/a	[ "Edward H. East", "William G. Brownlow" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1128561", "chunk_text": "Tennessee\nThirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution (abolishing slavery in every state) on April 7, 1865. In 1864, Andrew Johnson (a War Democrat from Tennessee) was elected Vice President under Abraham Lincoln. He became President after Lincoln's assassination in 1865. Under Johnson's lenient re-admission policy, Tennessee was the first of the seceding states to have its elected members readmitted to the U.S. Congress, on July 24, 1866. Because Tennessee had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment, it was the only one of the formerly secessionist states that did not have a military governor during the Reconstruction period. After the formal end of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10284828", "chunk_text": "\"1868 United States presidential election in Tennessee\"\n1868 United States presidential election in Tennessee The 1868 United States presidential election in Tennessee took place on November 3, 1868, as part of the 1868 United States presidential election. Tennessee voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Tennessee was won by Ulysses S. Grant, formerly the 6th Commanding General of the United States Army (R-Ohio), running with Speaker of the House Schuyler Colfax, with 68.43% of the popular vote, against the 18th governor of New York, Horatio Seymour (D–New York), running with former Senator Francis Preston Blair, Jr., with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13147968", "chunk_text": "\"East Tennessee Convention\"\ndie\"\", leaving the debate unresolved. Andrew Johnson, who had been serving as Tennessee's military governor since 1862, was elected Vice President of the United States in November 1864 and was elevated to the presidency after Lincoln was assassinated in April 1865. William \"\"Parson\"\" Brownlow, a member of the Convention's Knox delegation, was elected Governor of Tennessee in January 1865. More than a dozen former delegates would serve in the state legislature during war's aftermath, including Alfred Cate (Hamilton), William Mullenix (Sullivan), Beriah Frazier (Knox), Wilson Duggan (Sevier), Charles Inman (Sevier), and Stephen Matthews (Blount). Samuel R. Rodgers, a Knox delegate,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10662578", "chunk_text": "\"Tennessee Secretary of State\"\nsolicitations, the operations of the state library and archives, and the administration of the state Economic Commission on Women. To discharge the above duties, the Tennessee Department of State employs several administrative law judges. According to some historians, during the American Civil War, Secretary of State Edward H. East succeeded to the governorship when Andrew Johnson, who had served as military governor, became Vice President of the United States on March 4, 1865, and served as governor until April 5, when William \"\"Parson\"\" Brownlow was inaugurated as governor. The official \"\"Tennessee Blue Book\"\", published by the secretary of state's office,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17315332", "chunk_text": "\"Governor of Tennessee\"\ntoward the two-term limit. Governor William Blount served from 1790 to 1796, when Tennessee was known as the Southwest Territory. He was replaced by John Sevier, the state's first governor. Other notable governors include Willie Blount (William's half-brother), Sam Houston (better known for his role as the President of the Republic of Texas), and future U.S Presidents James K. Polk and Andrew Johnson. Governor of Tennessee The Governor of Tennessee is the head of government of the U.S. state of Tennessee. The governor is the only official in Tennessee state government who is directly elected by the voters of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16155237", "chunk_text": "\"Dewitt Clinton Senter\"\nDewitt Clinton Senter Dewitt Clinton Senter (March 26, 1830June 14, 1898) was an American politician who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1869 to 1871. He had previously served in the Tennessee House of Representatives (1855–1861), where he opposed secession on the eve of the Civil War. He was elected to the Tennessee Senate following the war, and was chosen as Speaker of the Senate in 1867. As speaker, he became governor upon the resignation of William G. Brownlow in 1869. Senter is perhaps best remembered for undoing many of Brownlow's radical initiatives, most notably the restoring of the right", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12854311", "chunk_text": "Tennessee\nChattanooga during the Chattanooga Campaign in early fall 1863, but were driven off by Grant in November. Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor strategic vision of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Perryville, Kentucky to another Confederate defeat at Chattanooga. The last major battles came when the Confederates invaded Middle Tennessee in November 1864 and were checked at Franklin, then completely dispersed by George Thomas at Nashville in December. Meanwhile, the civilian Andrew Johnson was appointed military governor of the state by President Abraham Lincoln. When the Emancipation Proclamation was announced,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16200021", "chunk_text": "\"Isham G. Harris\"\nIsham G. Harris Isham Green Harris (February 10, 1818July 8, 1897) was an American politician who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1857 to 1862, and as a U.S. Senator from 1877 until his death. He was the state's first governor from West Tennessee. A pivotal figure in the state's history, Harris was considered by his contemporaries the person most responsible for leading Tennessee out of the Union and aligning it with the Confederacy during the Civil War. Harris rose to prominence in state politics in the late 1840s when he campaigned against the anti-slavery initiatives of northern Whigs. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5227229", "chunk_text": "\"1868 United States presidential election in Tennessee\"\n31.57% of the vote. With 68.43% of the popular vote, Tennessee would be Grant's fourth strongest victory in terms of popular vote percentage after Vermont, Massachusetts and Kansas. 1868 United States presidential election in Tennessee The 1868 United States presidential election in Tennessee took place on November 3, 1868, as part of the 1868 United States presidential election. Tennessee voters chose ten representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Tennessee was won by Ulysses S. Grant, formerly the 6th Commanding General of the United States Army (R-Ohio), running with Speaker of the House", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5696458", "chunk_text": "\"Alfred Cate\"\nAlfred Cate Alfred Madison Cate (December 12, 1822 – September 13, 1871) was an American politician, soldier and farmer who served two terms in the Tennessee Senate from 1865 to 1869. A Radical Republican, he generally supported the policies of Governor William G. Brownlow, including ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. He served as chairman of the Republican State Central Committee in the late 1860s. Cate remained loyal to the Union during the Civil War. He was a delegate to the pro-Union East Tennessee Convention in 1861, and was a key organizer of the East Tennessee bridge", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5696472", "chunk_text": "\"Alfred Cate\"\nin a gun battle in 1882. A nephew, Gus Cate, served in the state legislature in the 1880s. The home of Cate's father, Elijah, still stands near Niota, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Alfred Cate Alfred Madison Cate (December 12, 1822 – September 13, 1871) was an American politician, soldier and farmer who served two terms in the Tennessee Senate from 1865 to 1869. A Radical Republican, he generally supported the policies of Governor William G. Brownlow, including ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. He served as chairman of the Republican State", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13032383", "chunk_text": "\"John C. Brown\"\nJohn C. Brown John Calvin Brown (January 6, 1827August 17, 1889) was an American politician, soldier and businessman. He served as Governor of Tennessee from 1871 to 1875, and was president of the state's 1870 constitutional convention, which wrote the current Tennessee State Constitution. Although he originally opposed secession, Brown fought for the Confederacy during the American Civil War, eventually rising to the rank of major general. A leader of the state's Bourbon Democrats, Brown dedicated much of his time as governor to solving the state's mounting debt issues. Following his gubernatorial tenure, he advocated railroad construction, briefly serving as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9970974", "chunk_text": "\"Austin Peay\"\nAustin Peay Austin Peay (June 1, 1876 – October 2, 1927) was an American politician who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1923 to 1927. He was the state's first governor since the Civil War to win three consecutive terms, and the first to die in office. Prior to his election as governor, he served two terms in the Tennessee House of Representatives (1901–1905). Widely considered one of Tennessee's most effective governors, Peay enacted numerous government reforms. He consolidated government agencies, overhauled the tax code, improved state schools, drastically expanded the state highway system, and converted the massive state debt", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15197385", "chunk_text": "\"Landon Carter Haynes\"\nLandon Carter Haynes Landon Carter Haynes (December 2, 1816 – February 17, 1875) was an American politician who served as a Confederate States Senator from Tennessee from 1862 to 1865. He also served several terms in the Tennessee House of Representatives, including one term as Speaker (1849–1851). In the early 1840s, Haynes worked as editor of the Jonesborough-based newspaper, \"\"Tennessee Sentinel\"\", garnering regional fame for his frequent clashes with rival editor, William \"\"Parson\"\" Brownlow. Following the Civil War, Haynes moved to Memphis, where he practiced law. His farm near Johnson City, the Tipton-Haynes Place, is now a state historic site.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8115647", "chunk_text": "\"Charles Inman\"\nCharles Inman Charles Inman (1810 – April 9, 1899) was an American politician, soldier and farmer, who served two terms in the Tennessee House of Representatives, from 1865 to 1869. A Radical Republican, he typically supported the initiatives of Tennessee's postwar governor, William G. Brownlow. He voted in favor of the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, and supported legislation punishing former Confederates. Inman remained loyal to the Union during the Civil War. He was a delegate to the East Tennessee Convention in 1861, and later served as a major in the Union Army. He was captured and jailed by Confederate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10007435", "chunk_text": "\"James C. Jones\"\nJames C. Jones James Chamberlain Jones (April 20, 1809October 29, 1859) was an American politician who served as the Governor of Tennessee from 1841 to 1845, and as a United States Senator from Tennessee from 1851 to 1857. A Whig, Jones twice defeated rising politician James K. Polk for the governorship (in 1841 and 1843). He was the first native-born Tennessean to be elected governor. Jones's first gubernatorial term was marked by gridlock with the state senate, which was led by a group of Democratic senators known as the \"\"Immortal Thirteen.\"\" His second term was more productive, as his fellow", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16200000", "chunk_text": "\"William B. Campbell\"\nWilliam B. Campbell William Bowen Campbell (February 1, 1807 – August 19, 1867) was an American politician and soldier. He served as Governor of Tennessee from 1851 to 1853, and was the state's last Whig governor. He also served four terms in the United States House of Representatives, from 1837 to 1843, and from 1866 to 1867. During the Mexican–American War, Campbell commanded the First Regiment Tennessee Volunteers, known as the \"\"Bloody First\"\" for its high casualty rate. At the outbreak of the American Civil War, Campbell opposed secession, and briefly served as a general in the Union Army. Campbell", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12201017", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Hollis Horton\"\nretired to his farm in Marshall County. He died from an apparent stroke on July 2, 1934. He was buried in Lewisburg, Tennessee. Henry Hollis Horton Henry Hollis Horton (February 17, 1866 – July 2, 1934) was an American attorney, farmer and politician who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1927 to 1933. He was elevated to the position when Governor Austin Peay died in office, and as Speaker of the Tennessee Senate, he was first in the line of succession. He was subsequently elected to two full terms, then of only two years each. Horton's tenure as governor was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8679339", "chunk_text": "\"Joseph S. Fowler\"\nTennessee. Most of the state was under the control of the Union military government of Abraham Lincoln's appointed governor, Andrew Johnson, for most of the duration of the American Civil War; his government was fairly functional and it is likely that Fowler served this regime as Comptroller and that the \"\"Blue Book\"\" records his name erroneously. In 1866, Tennessee became the first former Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union; the Tennessee General Assembly elected Fowler to the Senate, where his service began on July 24, 1866. Fowler became a part of the majority Republican caucus. In the 40th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10045014", "chunk_text": "\"Tennessee in the American Civil War\"\nAndrew Johnson, an East Tennessean from Greeneville, was appointed military governor of the state by Lincoln. During this time, the military government abolished slavery (but with questionable legality). The Confederates continued to hold East Tennessee despite the strength of Unionist sentiment there, with the exception of strongly pro-Confederate Sullivan and Rhea Counties. After winning a victory at Chickamauga in September 1863, the Confederates besieged Chattanooga but were finally driven off by Grant in November. Many of the Confederate defeats can be attributed to the poor leadership of General Braxton Bragg, who led the Army of Tennessee from Shiloh to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15520662", "chunk_text": "\"John Hugh Smith\"\nJohn Hugh Smith John Hugh Smith (1819–1870) was an American Whig politician. He served as the Mayor of Nashville, Tennessee three times, from 1845 to 1846, from 1850 to 1853, and from 1862 to 1865. Smith was born in 1819 in Nashville. His father was John H. Smith and his mother, Maria (Combs) Smith. Smith served as Mayor of Nashville from 1845 to 1846, from 1850 to 1853, and from 1862 to 1865. In 1862, he had been appointed by Tennessee Governor (and future President) Andrew Johnson to replace Richard Boone Cheatham, who was arrested. After his retirement in 1865,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12201008", "chunk_text": "\"Henry Hollis Horton\"\nHenry Hollis Horton Henry Hollis Horton (February 17, 1866 – July 2, 1934) was an American attorney, farmer and politician who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1927 to 1933. He was elevated to the position when Governor Austin Peay died in office, and as Speaker of the Tennessee Senate, he was first in the line of succession. He was subsequently elected to two full terms, then of only two years each. Horton's tenure as governor was marred by a scandal after the Stock Market crash in 1929. The related collapse of the financial empires of his political allies, Luke", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1253803", "chunk_text": "\"Edward H. East\"\nEdward H. East Edward Hazzard East (October 1, 1830 – November 12, 1904) was an American attorney, judge, and politician. He served as Secretary of State for the state of Tennessee from 1862 to 1865, having been appointed by Andrew Johnson, the state's military governor under the Union Army occupation during the Civil War. East briefly served as the state's acting governor during the interim between Johnson's inauguration as U.S. Vice President on March 4, 1865, and the inauguration of the state's \"\"elected\"\" governor, William G. Brownlow, on April 5, 1865. East was born in Davidson County, Tennessee, one of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10007442", "chunk_text": "\"James C. Jones\"\njoin the American Party with other southern Whigs, and supported James Buchanan in the 1856 presidential election. He endorsed Stephen Douglas in the election of 1860. After serving in the United States Senate, Jones retired to his farm near Memphis, where he died. He was interred in the city's Elmwood Cemetery. James C. Jones James Chamberlain Jones (April 20, 1809October 29, 1859) was an American politician who served as the Governor of Tennessee from 1841 to 1845, and as a United States Senator from Tennessee from 1851 to 1857. A Whig, Jones twice defeated rising politician James K. Polk for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11113521", "chunk_text": "\"William Gannaway Brownlow\"\n1865 became the war governor with the U.S. Army behind him. He joined the Radical Republicans and spent much of his term opposing the policies of his longtime political foe Andrew Johnson. His gubernatorial policies, which were both autocratic and progressive, helped Tennessee become the first former Confederate state to be readmitted to the Union in 1866, \"\"exempting it from the lengthy federal military reconstruction inflicted on most of the South\"\". Brownlow's policy of utilizing the Tennessee state government to enfranchise African-American former male slaves with the right to vote and to qualify as candidates for public offices in Tennessee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18862136", "chunk_text": "\"History of Tennessee\"\nUnited States Navy captured control of the Cumberland and Tennessee Rivers in February 1862 and held off the Confederate counterattack at Shiloh in April of the same year. Capture of Memphis and Nashville gave the Union control of the Western and Middle sections. Control was confirmed at the Battle of Stones River at Murfreesboro in early January 1863. After Nashville was captured (the first Confederate state capital to fall), Andrew Johnson, an East Tennessean from Greeneville, was appointed military governor of the state by Lincoln. The military government abolished slavery in the state and Union troops occupied much of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9970989", "chunk_text": "\"Austin Peay\"\nhighway in West Tennessee (a portion of Tennessee State Route 14). Peay married Sallie Hurst in 1895. They had two children. Peay's father, grandfather, son, grandson, and great-grandson, are all named \"\"Austin Peay.\"\" Peay is purported to have fathered a child at the age of fourteen with a twenty-eight-year-old African-American housemaid. Austin Peay Austin Peay (June 1, 1876 – October 2, 1927) was an American politician who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1923 to 1927. He was the state's first governor since the Civil War to win three consecutive terms, and the first to die in office. Prior to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16200022", "chunk_text": "\"Isham G. Harris\"\nwas elected governor amidst rising sectional strife in the late 1850s, and following the election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860, persistently sought to sever the state's ties with the Union. His war-time efforts eventually raised over 100,000 soldiers for the Confederate cause. After the Union Army gained control of Middle and West Tennessee in 1862, Harris spent the remainder of the war on the staffs of various Confederate generals. Following the war, he spent several years in exile in Mexico and England. After returning to Tennessee, Harris became a leader of the state's Bourbon Democrats. During his tenure in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1229309", "chunk_text": "\"Meredith Poindexter Gentry\"\nof the U.S. House Committee on Indian Affairs. He served from March 4, 1845 to March 3, 1853, and was not a candidate for renomination in 1852. In 1855 Gentry was an unsuccessful candidate for governor of Tennessee. He lost to future U.S. President Andrew Johnson, who received 67,499 votes in the gubernatorial election. Gentry received 65,342 votes, leaving Johnson with a majority of 2,157. He retired to his plantation in Tennessee, where he remained until 1861. Gentry served in the Confederate States Congress during the American Civil War. Though the \"\"Biographical Directory of the United States Congress\"\" lists him", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16199890", "chunk_text": "\"Aaron V. Brown\"\nAaron V. Brown Aaron Venable Brown (August 15, 1795 – March 8, 1859) was an American politician. He served as Governor of Tennessee from 1845 to 1847, and as United States Postmaster General from 1857 until his death in 1859. He also served three terms in the United States House of Representatives, from 1839 to 1845. During the Mexican–American War, Brown's statewide call for 2,800 volunteers was answered by over 30,000, helping solidify the state's reputation as the \"\"Volunteer State.\"\" Brown was born in Brunswick County, Virginia, one of eleven children of Aaron and Elizabeth Melton Brown. His father was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16199982", "chunk_text": "\"Neill S. Brown\"\nwho served as governor of Tennessee from 1871 to 1875. Brown died on January 30, 1886, and is interred at Mount Olivet Cemetery in Nashville, Tennessee. Neill S. Brown Neill Smith Brown (April 18, 1810January 30, 1886) was an American politician and diplomat who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1847 to 1849, and as the United States Minister to Russia from 1850 to 1853. He also served several terms in the Tennessee House of Representatives, and was Speaker of the House for the 1855–1857 term. A lifelong Whig, Brown campaigned to keep Tennessee in the Union in the years", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9998639", "chunk_text": "\"John C. Brown\"\nfour children: Marie, Daisy, Elizabeth, and John C. Brown, Jr. Brown's wife, Elizabeth, was among the women featured in Annie Somers Gilchrist's 1902 book, \"\"Some Representative Women of Tennessee\"\". The Browns' daughter, Marie, was married to Governor Benton McMillin. John C. Brown John Calvin Brown (January 6, 1827August 17, 1889) was an American politician, soldier and businessman. He served as Governor of Tennessee from 1871 to 1875, and was president of the state's 1870 constitutional convention, which wrote the current Tennessee State Constitution. Although he originally opposed secession, Brown fought for the Confederacy during the American Civil War, eventually rising", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2758630", "chunk_text": "\"Alfred A. Taylor\"\nJennie Anderson in 1881, and they had ten children together. Their son, Robert Love Taylor (1899–1987), named for Alfred's brother, became a United States federal judge. Alfred A. Taylor Alfred Alexander Taylor (August 6, 1848 – November 25, 1931), known as Alf Taylor, was an American politician and lecturer from eastern Tennessee. He served as Governor of Tennessee from 1921 to 1923, one of three Republicans to hold the position from the end of Reconstruction to the latter half of the 20th century. He also served three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives, from 1889 to 1895. In 1886,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16199972", "chunk_text": "\"Neill S. Brown\"\nNeill S. Brown Neill Smith Brown (April 18, 1810January 30, 1886) was an American politician and diplomat who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1847 to 1849, and as the United States Minister to Russia from 1850 to 1853. He also served several terms in the Tennessee House of Representatives, and was Speaker of the House for the 1855–1857 term. A lifelong Whig, Brown campaigned to keep Tennessee in the Union in the years leading up to the Civil War. However, once the war began, he sided with the Confederacy. Brown was born in Giles County, Tennessee, the son of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8906687", "chunk_text": "\"East Tennessee Convention\"\nTuscaloosa. Hamilton County delegate William J. Clift nearly died from injuries sustained during his escape from a Confederate prison in Atlanta. Convention secretary John M. Fleming and Sevier County delegate Robert H. Hodsden were arrested and detained by Confederate authorities in December 1861, but were subsequently cleared by a Confederate court. President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, issued in early 1863, divided Tennessee's Unionists. While Andrew Johnson, who had been appointed the state's military governor, supported the Proclamation, other prominent Unionists, including T. A. R. Nelson and former congressman Emerson Etheridge, opposed it, arguing it would serve only to postpone a Union", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6468499", "chunk_text": "\"Albert S. Marks\"\non the National Register of Historic Places in 1975 and documented by the Historic American Buildings Survey in the mid-1980s, and is currently maintained by the non-profit Kent Bramlett Foundation. Albert S. Marks Albert Smith Marks (October 16, 1836November 4, 1891) was an American attorney, soldier and politician. He was Governor of Tennessee from 1879 to 1881. Prior to that, he had served as a state chancery court judge. Marks fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War, and part of his leg was amputated as a result of a wound suffered at the Battle of Stones River in 1862.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18862138", "chunk_text": "\"History of Tennessee\"\nDecember. After the war, Tennessee adopted the Thirteenth amendment forbidding slave-holding or involuntary servitude on February 22, 1865; ratified the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution on July 18, 1866; and was the first state readmitted to the Union on July 24, 1866. Because it had ratified the Fourteenth Amendment, Tennessee was the only state that seceded from the Union that did not have a military governor during Reconstruction. \"\"Proscription\"\" was the policy of disqualifying as many ex-Confederates as possible. In 1865 Tennessee disfranchised upwards of 80,000 ex-Confederates. There were only two or three African Americans in the Tennessee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11716038", "chunk_text": "\"Thomas H. Butler\"\nmarker, while Butler's Landing and Daniel Boone are honored on the other side of the same marker. Butler died in Gainesboro, Jackson County, Tennessee and is buried there in Gainesboro Cemetery. Thomas H. Butler Thomas Harvey Butler Sr. (October 13, 1819 – May 20, 1889) was an American politician, soldier, attorney, and engineer. Listed as T.H. Butler in the official \"\"Tennessee Blue Book\"\", Thomas Harvey Butler served as the fifteenth Secretary of State for the State of Tennessee from 1870 to 1873 under Governors Dewitt Clinton Senter and John Calvin Brown. From 1875 to 1876 Butler served as the State", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17011289", "chunk_text": "\"James Mullins (American politician)\"\nJames Mullins (American politician) James Mullins (September 15, 1807 – June 26, 1873) was an American politician who represented Tennessee's 4th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1867 to 1869. He also served a single term in the Tennessee House of Representatives (1865–1867). Described as a \"\"fierce fanatic of the Republican Party,\"\" Mullins supported the initiatives of Governor William G. Brownlow in the state legislature, most notably leading efforts to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. Mullins opposed Southern secession at the outbreak of the Civil War, and served in the Union Army as an advisor to General", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7821795", "chunk_text": "\"Alvin Hawkins\"\ngovernor, Andrew Johnson, called for congressional elections to be held in its 9th and 10th congressional districts. Hawkins was elected to the 9th district seat, but the House of Representatives deemed his vote total (1,900) to be too low in proportion to his district's population (18,000), and refused to seat him. He spent the next few months scouting West Tennessee to gather information for the state's military authorities. In 1864, he was appointed United States Attorney for West Tennessee by President Abraham Lincoln. In 1865, Hawkins was appointed to the Tennessee Supreme Court by Governor William G. Brownlow. He served", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19315326", "chunk_text": "\"Memphis riots of 1866\"\nReports of the riot discredited President Andrew Johnson, who was from Tennessee and had been military governor of Tennessee under Lincoln. Johnson's program of Presidential Reconstruction was blocked, and the Congress moved toward Radical Reconstruction. The Radical Republicans swept the congressional elections of 1866, obtaining a veto-proof majority in Washington. Subsequently, they passed key pieces of legislation, such as the Reconstruction Acts, Enforcement Acts, and the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution which guaranteed citizenship, equal protection of the laws, and due process to former slaves. The change in political climate, catalyzed by response to the race riots, ultimately", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12494307", "chunk_text": "\"Tennessee State Capitol\"\nStrickland also designed the St. Mary's Cathedral (located along the base of the capitol hill), as well as Downtown Presbyterian church located just a few blocks away from the state capitol. Samuel Dold Morgan (1798–1880), chairman of the State Building Commission overseeing the construction of the Tennessee State Capitol, is entombed in the southeast corner near the south entrance. Monuments on the Capitol grounds include statues of two of the three Tennessee residents who served as President of the United States: Andrew Jackson by Clark Mills and Andrew Johnson by Jim Gray. The second President from Tennessee, James K. Polk,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8115657", "chunk_text": "\"Charles Inman\"\nto some former Confederates. In October 1867, he cast his vote for Brownlow to fill one of the state's soon-to-be-vacant U.S. Senate seats. After his second term ended, Inman returned to his farm in Fair Garden, and remained only marginally active in politics. He died in Fair Garden on April 9, 1899. Charles Inman Charles Inman (1810 – April 9, 1899) was an American politician, soldier and farmer, who served two terms in the Tennessee House of Representatives, from 1865 to 1869. A Radical Republican, he typically supported the initiatives of Tennessee's postwar governor, William G. Brownlow. He voted in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11209791", "chunk_text": "\"David T. Patterson\"\nDavid T. Patterson David Trotter Patterson (February 28, 1818November 3, 1891) was a United States Senator from Tennessee at the beginning of the Reconstruction Period. A staunch Union supporter (as were most of his fellow East Tennesseans), he was elected by the Tennessee General Assembly to the U.S. Senate when Tennessee was readmitted to the Union on July 24, 1866, the first state of the former Confederacy to do so. He presented his credentials to the Senate on July 26, but they were challenged; he was not permitted to take the oath of office until July 28. David Trotter Patterson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "386893", "chunk_text": "\"Tennessee in the American Civil War\"\nslaves out for \"\"half [of what] they were worth\"\" because \"\"the negros think when Lincoln takes his last, they will all be free.\"\" With the attack on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861, followed by President Abraham Lincoln's April 15 call for 75,000 volunteers to put the seceded states back into line, public sentiment turned dramatically against the Union. Historian Daniel Crofts thus reports: Governor Isham Harris began military mobilization, submitted an ordinance of secession to the General Assembly, and made direct overtures to the Confederate government. In the June 8, 1861 referendum, East Tennessee held firm against separation, while", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11513913", "chunk_text": "\"Winfield Dunn\"\nDental Building, housing the University of Tennessee College of Dentistry at the University of Tennessee Health Science Center in Memphis, is also named after Governor Dunn. A bust honoring the governor is in the clinic lobby of the Dunn Building. Winfield Dunn Bryant Winfield Culberson Dunn (born July 1, 1927) is an American businessman, politician, medical industry official, and dentist who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1971 to 1975. He was the state's first Republican governor in fifty years, and was just the sixth since the Civil War. Dunn was an unsuccessful candidate for a second term in 1986,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8543356", "chunk_text": "\"William Gannaway Brownlow\"\nWilliam Gannaway Brownlow William Gannaway \"\"Parson\"\" Brownlow (August 29, 1805April 29, 1877) was an American newspaper publisher, Methodist minister, book author, prisoner of war, lecturer, and politician. He served as Governor of Tennessee from 1865 to 1869 and as a United States Senator from Tennessee from 1869 to 1875. Brownlow rose to prominence in the 1840s as editor of the \"\"Whig\"\", a polemical newspaper in East Tennessee that promoted Whig Party ideals and opposed secession in the years leading up to the American Civil War. Brownlow's uncompromising and radical viewpoints made him one of the most divisive figures in Tennessee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16155246", "chunk_text": "\"Dewitt Clinton Senter\"\ncontrol of the state, angered the state's Republicans, and effectively ended his political career. He spent his remaining years managing his large farm near Morristown. He died on June 14, 1898, and is buried in Morristown's Jarnagin Cemetery. Senter married Harriet Senter (a distant cousin) in 1859. She was the daughter of Grainger County's circuit court clerk, P.M. Senter. They had no children. Dewitt Clinton Senter Dewitt Clinton Senter (March 26, 1830June 14, 1898) was an American politician who served as Governor of Tennessee from 1869 to 1871. He had previously served in the Tennessee House of Representatives (1855–1861), where", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9302025", "chunk_text": "\"1860 United States presidential election in Tennessee\"\n(D–Vermont), running with 41st Governor of Georgia Herschel V. Johnson, with 7.72% of the popular vote. Republican Party candidate Abraham Lincoln was not on the ballot in Tennessee. 1860 United States presidential election in Tennessee The 1860 United States presidential election in Tennessee took place on November 6, 1860, as part of the 1860 United States presidential election. Tennessee voters chose twelve representatives, or electors, to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Tennessee was won by the Senator John Bell (CU–Tennessee), running with the 15th Governor of Massachusetts Edward Everett, with 47.72% of the popular vote,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15714884", "chunk_text": "\"William Gannaway Brownlow\"\nin March, Forrest ordered the Klan to destroy its costumes and cease all activities. Following his reelection as Governor of Tennessee in 1867, Brownlow decided he would not seek a third term, and instead sought election to the U.S. Senate seat that would be vacated by David T. Patterson, Andrew Johnson's son-in-law, in 1869. In October 1867, the state legislature elected Brownlow over William B. Stokes by a 63 to 39 vote. By the time he was sworn in on March 4, 1869, a persistent nervous disease had weakened him considerably, and the Senate clerk had to read his speeches.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_267	what type of political system does el salvador have?	n/a	[ "a presidential representative democratic republic", "\"flawed democracy\"", "presidential representative democratic republic" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15605951", "chunk_text": "\"Politics of El Salvador\"\nPolitics of El Salvador Politics of El Salvador takes place in land a framework of A presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of El Salvador is both head of state and head of government, and of an Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Legislative Assembly. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. The Economist Intelligence Unit has rated El Salvador as \"\"flawed democracy\"\" in 2016. El Salvador has a multi-party system. Two political parties, the Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) and the Farabundo Martí National Liberation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14763984", "chunk_text": "\"El Salvador\"\nthe Legislative Assembly. The country also has an independent Judiciary and Supreme Court. El Salvador has a multi-party system. Two political parties, the Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) and the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) have tended to dominate elections. ARENA candidates won four consecutive presidential elections until the election of Mauricio Funes of the FMLN in March 2009. The FMLN Party is Leftist in ideology, and is split between the dominant Marxist-Leninist faction in the legislature, and the social liberal wing led by President Funes. Geographically, the departments of the Central region, especially the capital and the coastal regions,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7771177", "chunk_text": "\"Elections in El Salvador\"\nElections in El Salvador The government of El Salvador is a presidential representative democratic republic. El Salvador elects its head of state – the President of El Salvador – directly through a fixed-date general election whose winner is decided by absolute majority. If an absolute majority (50% + 1) is not achieved by any candidate in the first round of a presidential election, then a run-off election is conducted 30 days later between the two candidates who obtained the most votes in the first round. The presidential period is five years. Consecutive re-election is not permitted, though previously elected presidents", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1351086", "chunk_text": "\"Government of El Salvador\"\nGovernment of El Salvador The government of El Salvador is a presidential representative democratic republic. The seat of the federal government is in San Salvador. El Salvador elects its head of state – the President of El Salvador – directly through a fixed-date general election whose winner is decided by absolute majority. If an absolute majority (50% + 1) is not achieved by any candidate in the first round of a presidential election, then a run-off election is conducted 30 days later between the two candidates who obtained the most votes in the first round. The presidential period is five", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17319910", "chunk_text": "\"Constitutions of El Salvador\"\nConstitutions of El Salvador El Salvador has functioned under fifteen constitutions since it achieved independence from Spain in the early 19th century. The vast majority of these documents were drafted and promulgated without the benefit of broad popular input or electoral mandate. The nature of the country's elite-dominated political system and the personalistic rule of presidents drawn from either the oligarchy or the military accounted for the relatively short life span of most of these documents. Some of them were drafted solely to provide a quasi-legal basis for the extension of a president's term, whereas others were created to legitimize", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14764065", "chunk_text": "\"Politics of El Salvador\"\nLegislative Assembly are elected on the basis of a single national constituency. The remaining 64 are elected in 14 multi-member constituencies (corresponding to El Salvador's 14 departments). They range from 3-16 seats each according to department population size. The Judiciary, headed by the Supreme Court, is composed of 15 judges, one of them being elected as President of the Judiciary. El Salvador is a member of the United Nations and several of its specialized agencies, the Organization of American States (OAS), the Central American Common Market (CACM), the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN), and the Central American Integration System (SICA). It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8442733", "chunk_text": "\"El Salvador\"\nredefined the role of the army to be for the defense of the sovereignty and territorial integrity. The Accords also removed some security forces who were in command of the army, such as the National Guard, Treasury Police and special battalions that were formed to fight against the insurgency of the 1980s. The political framework of El Salvador is a presidential representative democratic republic with a multiform, multi-party system. The President, currently Salvador Sánchez Cerén, is both head of state and head of government. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7771178", "chunk_text": "\"Elections in El Salvador\"\nmay run for a second, non-consecutive term. Salvadorans also elect a single-chamber, unicameral national legislature – the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador – composed of 84 members (deputies). They are elected by open-list proportional representation for three-year terms, with the possibility of immediate re-election. All 84 seats in the Legislative Assembly are elected on the basis of 14 multi-member constituencies (corresponding to El Salvador's 14 departments). They range from 3-16 seats each according to department population size. El Salvador has a multi-party system. Two political parties, the Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) and the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN) have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16918123", "chunk_text": "\"Legislative Assembly of El Salvador\"\nLegislative Assembly of El Salvador The Legislative Assembly (Spanish: \"\"\"\") is the legislative branch of the government of El Salvador. The Salvadoran legislature is a unicameral body. It is made up of 84 deputies, all of whom are elected by direct popular vote according to open-list proportional representation to serve three-year terms and are eligible for immediate re-election. Of these, 64 are elected in 14 multi-seat constituencies, corresponding to the country's 14 departments, which return between 3 and 16 deputies each. The remaining 20 deputies are selected on the basis of a single national constituency. To be eligible for election", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16918124", "chunk_text": "\"Legislative Assembly of El Salvador\"\nto the Assembly, candidates must be (Art. 126, Constitution): El Salvador also returns 20 deputies to the supranational Central American Parliament, also elected according to closed-list proportional representation from a single national constituency. Legislative Assembly of El Salvador The Legislative Assembly (Spanish: \"\"\"\") is the legislative branch of the government of El Salvador. The Salvadoran legislature is a unicameral body. It is made up of 84 deputies, all of whom are elected by direct popular vote according to open-list proportional representation to serve three-year terms and are eligible for immediate re-election. Of these, 64 are elected in 14 multi-seat constituencies,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1351088", "chunk_text": "\"Government of El Salvador\"\ndeputies each. The remaining 20 deputies are selected on the basis of a single national constituency. Government of El Salvador The government of El Salvador is a presidential representative democratic republic. The seat of the federal government is in San Salvador. El Salvador elects its head of state – the President of El Salvador – directly through a fixed-date general election whose winner is decided by absolute majority. If an absolute majority (50% + 1) is not achieved by any candidate in the first round of a presidential election, then a run-off election is conducted 30 days later between the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1351087", "chunk_text": "\"Government of El Salvador\"\nyears, and re-election is not permitted. The executive branch of the government of El Salvador consists of the following departments, each led by a minister: The Ministry of Defence of El Salvador commands the armed forces, consisting of the following branches: The Salvadoran legislature is a unicameral body. It is made up of 84 deputies, all of whom are elected by direct popular vote according to closed-list proportional representation to serve three-year terms and are eligible for immediate re-election. Of these, 64 are elected in 14 multi-seat constituencies, corresponding to the country's 14 departments, which return between 3 and 16", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15605953", "chunk_text": "\"Politics of El Salvador\"\nis not achieved by any candidate in the first round of a presidential election, then a run-off pool election is conducted 30 days later between the two candidates who obtained the most votes in the first round. The presidential period is five years. Consecutive re-election is not permitted, though previously elected presidents may run for a second, non-consecutive term. Salvadorans also elect a single-chamber, unicameral national legislature – the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador – of 84 members (deputies) elected by closed-list proportional representation for three-year terms, with the possibility of immediate re-election. Twenty of the 84 seats in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14764066", "chunk_text": "\"Politics of El Salvador\"\nactively participates in the Central American Security Commission (CASC), which seeks to promote regional arms control. El Salvador also is a member of the World Trade Organization and is pursuing regional free trade agreements. An active participant in the Summit of the Americas process, El Salvador chairs a working group on market access under the Free Trade Area of the Americas initiative. Politics of El Salvador Politics of El Salvador takes place in land a framework of A presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President of El Salvador is both head of state and head of government, and of an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15605869", "chunk_text": "\"El Salvador\"\nIt is estimated that there are 500 species of birds, 1,000 species of butterflies, 400 species of orchids, 800 species of trees, and 800 species of marine fish in El Salvador. The 1983 Constitution is the highest legal authority in the country. El Salvador has a democratic and representative government, whose three bodies are: After the Civil War, the Chapultepec Peace Accords (1992) created the new National Civil Police, the Attorney for the Defense of Human Rights and the Supreme Electoral Tribunal. The Peace Accords re-imagined the \"\"Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional\"\" (FMLN) as a political party and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15605952", "chunk_text": "\"Politics of El Salvador\"\nFront (FMLN) have tended to dominate elections. ARENA candidates won four consecutive presidential elections until the election of Mauricio Funes of the FMLN in March 2009. Geographically, the departments of the Central region, especially the capital and the coastal regions, known as departamentos rojos, or red departments, are relatively Leftist. The departamentos azules, or blue departments in the east, western and highland regions are relatively conservative. El Salvador elects its head of state – the President of El Salvador – directly through a fixed-date general election whose winner is decided by absolute majority. If an absolute majority (50% + 1)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11815527", "chunk_text": "\"El Salvador\"\nEl Salvador El Salvador (; ), officially the Republic of El Salvador (, literally \"\"Republic of The Savior\"\"), is the smallest and the most densely populated country in Central America. It is bordered on the northeast by Honduras, on the northwest by Guatemala, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean. El Salvador's capital and largest city is San Salvador. , the country had a population of approximately /1e6 round 2 million. El Salvador was for centuries inhabited by several Mesoamerican nations, especially the Cuzcatlecs, as well as the Lenca and Maya. In the early 16th century, the Spanish Empire", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10870479", "chunk_text": "\"San Salvador\"\nEl Salvador), \"\"La Asamblea Legislativa\"\" (The Legislative Assembly of El Salvador), the \"\"Corte Suprema de Justicia\"\" (The Supreme Court), and other governmental institutions, as well as the official residence of the president of the Republic. San Salvador is located in the Salvadoran highlands, surrounded by volcanoes and prone to earthquakes. The city is also home to the Catholic Archdiocese, as well as many Protestant branches of Christianity, including Evangelicals, Latter-day Saints, Baptists, and Pentecostals. San Salvador has the second largest Jewish community in Central America and a small Muslim community. San Salvador has been the host city for various regional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9457865", "chunk_text": "\"Constitution of El Salvador\"\nConstitution of El Salvador The current constitution of El Salvador was enacted in 1983 and amended in 2003. The 1983 constitution of El Salvador is similar to that of 1962, often incorporating verbatim passages from the earlier document. The constitution consists of 11 titles, subdivided into 274 articles. Some provisions shared by the two charters include: the establishment of a five-year presidential term with no reelection; the right of the people to resort to \"\"insurrection\"\" to redress a transgression of the constitutional order; the affirmation (however neglected in practice) of the apolitical nature of the Salvadoran armed forces; the support", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16413479", "chunk_text": "\"San Salvador\"\nis governed by a council consisting of a mayor (elected by direct vote every three years, with an option to be re-elected), a trustee and two or more aldermen whose number varies in proportion to the population of the municipality. Mayor Bukele, a member of the Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front party, is accompanied by a trustee, 12 aldermen, four substitute aldermen, and a secretary. The functions and powers of this government are framed within the rules of the Municipal Code. San Salvador's government is composed of various departments, including the departments of festivals, parks, cemeteries, and finance. To safeguard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7771179", "chunk_text": "\"Elections in El Salvador\"\ntended to dominate elections. ARENA candidates won four consecutive presidential elections until the election of Mauricio Funes of the FMLN in March 2009. Geographically, the departments of the Central region, especially the capital and the coastal regions, known as departamentos rojos, or red departments, are relatively Leftist. The departamentos azules, or blue departments in the east, western and highland regions are relatively conservative. Elections in El Salvador The government of El Salvador is a presidential representative democratic republic. El Salvador elects its head of state – the President of El Salvador – directly through a fixed-date general election whose winner", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13748264", "chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of El Salvador\"\nSupreme Court of El Salvador The Supreme Court of Justice of El Salvador () is the highest court of El Salvador. The court sits in San Salvador. The current president is Judge José Belarmino Jaime, who has held the position for three consecutive terms. The Supreme Court is part of the judicial branch of El Salvador. It is composed of 15 judges and an equal number of substitutes. The magistrates are elected by the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador for nine-year terms, which are reviewed every three years. A two-thirds vote of legislators is necessary. Under the 1983 Constitution of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13748166", "chunk_text": "\"Judiciary of El Salvador\"\nJudiciary of El Salvador The judiciary of El Salvador comprises a number of courts in a hierarchy. The highest court is the Supreme Court of El Salvador, consisting of 4 different chambers, 3 courts of appeal and a constitutional court. Below the Supreme Court are intermediate appeal courts, with cases heard by panels of three judges. Below them are the civil and criminal courts of first instance, with cases heard by one judge, but sentencing is carried out by three judges. At the lowest level are justices of the peace, dealing with cases involving smaller amounts of money or personal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11815529", "chunk_text": "\"El Salvador\"\nthen formed a short-lived union with Honduras and Nicaragua called the Greater Republic of Central America, which lasted from 1895 to 1898. From the late 19th to the mid-20th century, El Salvador endured chronic political and economic instability characterized by coups, revolts, and a succession of authoritarian rulers. Persistent socioeconomic inequality and civil unrest culminated in the devastating Salvadoran Civil War (1979–1992), which was fought between the military-led government and a coalition of left-wing guerrilla groups. The conflict ended with the Chapultepec Peace Accords. This negotiated settlement established a multiparty constitutional republic, which remains in place to this day. El", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15605908", "chunk_text": "\"El Salvador\"\nare regarded as being better-quality than public schools. Most private schools follow American, European or other advanced systems. Lower-income families are forced to rely on public education. Education in El Salvador is free through high school. After nine years of basic education (elementary–middle school), students have the option of a two-year high school or a three-year high school. A two-year high school prepares the student for transfer to a university. A three-year high school allows the student to graduate and enter the workforce in a vocational career, or to transfer to a university to further their education in their chosen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6545490", "chunk_text": "\"Constitution of El Salvador\"\nsuffrage and the formation of political parties \"\"in accordance with the law\"\", or the right to join an existing party. The exercise of suffrage is listed as an obligation as well as a right, making voting mandatory. Failure to vote has technically been subject to a small fine (a penalty rarely invoked in practice). Voters are required to have their names entered in the electoral register. Political campaigns are limited to four months preceding presidential balloting, two months before balloting for legislative representatives (deputies), and one month before municipal elections. Members of the clergy and active-duty military personnel are prohibited", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19232375", "chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of El Salvador\"\nthe executive branch, demonstrating some independence. There is constant battle between the judicial and executive branch over the application of the anti-gang laws. But at the national level, the Supreme Court is criticized for being too dependent on the legislative branch, who is responsible for naming the judges. At the time of election of judges, the different parties negotiate their votes, and the election is usually a form of political compromise. Judges are also thought to be of varied quality throughout the country, and in some places, cases take a very long time and many years are spent resolving controversial", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15605847", "chunk_text": "\"El Salvador\"\non unused or underused land. This phenomenon was a major cause of the 1969 Football War between the two countries. As many as 130,000 Salvadorans were forcibly expelled or fled from Honduras. The Christian Democratic Party (PDC) and the National Conciliation Party (PCN) were active in Salvadoran politics from 1960 until 2011, when they were disbanded by the Supreme Court because they had failed to win enough votes in the 2004 presidential election; Both parties have since reconstituted. They share common ideals, but one represents the middle class and the latter the interests of the Salvadoran military. PDC leader José", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16997018", "chunk_text": "\"Constitutions of El Salvador\"\nwomen the right to vote. A Constituent Assembly appointed by the military-civilian junta and headed by Colonel Julio Adalberto Rivera drafted a document that was promulgated as the constitution of 1962 but that was basically quite similar to the 1950 constitution. Relatively long lived by Salvadoran standards, it was not superseded until 1983, by which time the personal and political guarantees of the constitution had been suspended by a state of emergency. Constitutions of El Salvador El Salvador has functioned under fifteen constitutions since it achieved independence from Spain in the early 19th century. The vast majority of these documents", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10766667", "chunk_text": "\"History of El Salvador\"\nfeudal lords (in 1855, 1864, 1871, 1872, 1880, 1883, and 1886), several elements remained constant throughout. The wealthy landowners were granted super-majority power in the national legislature and economy (for example, the 1824 constitution provided for a unicameral legislature of 70 deputies, in which 42 seats were set aside for the landowners). The president, selected from the landed elite, was also granted significant power throughout. Each of El Salvador's 14 regional departments had a governor appointed by the president. The rapid changes in the constitution are mainly due to the attempts of various presidents to hold onto power. (For example,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "594647", "chunk_text": "\"Constitutions of El Salvador\"\nseizures of power on an ex post facto basis. The first Salvadoran constitution was produced in 1824. It declared El Salvador independent as a member of the United Provinces of Central America. The dissolution of the United Provinces necessitated the promulgation of a new constitution in 1841 as El Salvador emerged as an independent republic in its own right. The 1841 constitution was a liberal document that established bicameral legislature and set a two-year term for the nation's president with no possibility of reelection. The latter feature contributed directly to the demise of the document in 1864, when President Gerardo", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8958820", "chunk_text": "\"Municipalities of El Salvador\"\ncomposed of a mayor (\"\"alcalde\"\"), a legal representative (\"\"sindico\"\"), and two or more council members (\"\"regidores\"\"). The number of members is determined by population. Members of the municipal councils must be both at least 21 and residents of the municipality. Directly elected, municipal officials serve three-year terms and may be re-elected. Municipios are not all of equal size but are required to have a population of at least 10,000. Boundaries are determined by the Legislative Assembly. The powers of local government are those given by the central government. Because department governors are appointed by the president, their independence is questionable.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8609711", "chunk_text": "\"Head of state\"\nfrom office, and does not involve the power to reject or approve proposed cabinet members \"\"en bloc\"\", so it is not accountability in the sense understood in a parliamentary system. Presidential systems are a notable feature of constitutions in the Americas, including those of Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, El Salvador, Mexico and Venezuela; this is generally attributed to the strong influence of the United States in the region, and as the United States Constitution served as an inspiration and model for the Latin American wars of independence of the early 19th century. Most presidents in such countries are selected by democratic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13748168", "chunk_text": "\"Judiciary of El Salvador\"\nthese areas with the help of international donors, including the United States. Action on peace accord-driven constitutional reforms designed to improve the administration of justice was largely completed in 1996 with legislative approval of several amendments and the revision of the Criminal Procedure Code with broad political consensus. Judiciary of El Salvador The judiciary of El Salvador comprises a number of courts in a hierarchy. The highest court is the Supreme Court of El Salvador, consisting of 4 different chambers, 3 courts of appeal and a constitutional court. Below the Supreme Court are intermediate appeal courts, with cases heard by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7544098", "chunk_text": "\"Politics of Guatemala\"\nPolitics of Guatemala Politics of Guatemala takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, where by the President of Guatemala is both head of state, head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Congress of the Republic. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Guatemala's 1985 Constitution provides for a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government. The Economist Intelligence Unit has rated Guatemala as \"\"hybrid regime\"\" in 2016. The president and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8442845", "chunk_text": "\"Armed Forces of El Salvador\"\nArmed Forces of El Salvador The Armed Forces of El Salvador () are the official governmental military forces of El Salvador. The Forces have three branches: the Salvadoran Army, the Air Force of El Salvador and the Navy of El Salvador. The Forces were founded in 1840 at the time of the dissolution of the United Provinces of Central America. Between 1978 and 1992, the Salvadoran armed forces fought a civil war against the \"\"Frente Farabundo Marti para la Liberacion Nacional\"\" (FMLN). The military is accused of committing massacres, killings, torture and abuses of human rights during this time. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10870478", "chunk_text": "\"San Salvador\"\nSan Salvador San Salvador (\"\"Holy Savior\"\") is the capital and the most populous city of El Salvador and its eponymous department. It is the country's political, cultural, educational and financial center. The Metropolitan Area of San Salvador which comprises the capital itself and 13 of its municipalities has a population of 2,404,097 while the national capital of El Salvador which is San Salvador has a population of 1,767,102. As a \"\"beta\"\" global city, San Salvador is also an important financial hub of Central America. The city is home to the \"\"Concejo de Ministros de El Salvador\"\" (Council of Ministries of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14763987", "chunk_text": "\"El Salvador\"\nthe Central American Parliament (PARLACEN), and the Central American Integration System (SICA). It actively participates in the Central American Security Commission (CASC), which seeks to promote regional arms control. El Salvador also is a member of the World Trade Organization and is pursuing regional free trade agreements. An active participant in the Summit of the Americas process, El Salvador chairs a working group on market access under the Free Trade Area of the Americas initiative. El Salvador has an army, airforce and modest navy. There are around 17,000 personnel in the armed forces in total. Amnesty International has drawn attention", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5072002", "chunk_text": "\"Constitution of El Salvador\"\ntake that long (or longer) to win passage into law. The 60-member Constituent Assembly elected in March 1982 was charged with producing a new constitution. This new document was expected to institutionalize (although perhaps in modified form) the reform measures taken by the various junta governments after 1979; it would also serve as the master plan for a system of representative democratic government. In addition to crafting the structure of that government, the Constituent Assembly was responsible for issuing a schedule for presidential elections. A majority of the members (or deputies) of the Constituent Assembly represented conservative political parties. Conservative", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10766656", "chunk_text": "\"History of El Salvador\"\nHistory of El Salvador The history of El Salvador begins with several Mesoamerican nations, especially the Cuzcatlecs, as well as the Lenca and Maya. In the early 16th century, the Spanish Empire conquered the territory, incorporating it into the Viceroyalty of New Spain ruled from Mexico City. In 1821, the country achieved independence from Spain as part of the First Mexican Empire, only to further secede as part of the Federal Republic of Central America two years later. Upon the republic's dissolution in 1841, El Salvador became sovereign until forming a short-lived union with Honduras and Nicaragua called the Greater", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6545491", "chunk_text": "\"Constitution of El Salvador\"\nfrom membership in political parties, and cannot run for public office; moreover, the clergy and the military are enjoined from \"\"carry[ing] out political propaganda in any form\"\". Although military personnel are not denied suffrage by the constitution, the armed forces' leadership routinely instructed its personnel to refrain from voting in order to concentrate on providing security for polling places. Title Five defines the outlines of the country's economic order. As noted, private enterprise and private property are guaranteed. The latter is recognized as a \"\"social function\"\", a phrase which may function as a loophole for the potential expropriation of unproductive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6545489", "chunk_text": "\"Constitution of El Salvador\"\nmay be extended for an additional 30 days by legislative decree. The declaration of suspension of guarantees grants jurisdiction over cases involving \"\"crimes against the existence and organization of the state\"\" to special military courts. The military courts which functioned from February 1984 until early 1987 under a suspension of guarantees (or state of siege) were commonly known as \"\"Decree 50 courts\"\", after the legislative decree which established them. According to the constitution, all Salvadorans over 18 years of age are considered citizens. As such, they have political rights and political obligations. Rights of the citizen include the exercise of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6545494", "chunk_text": "\"Constitution of El Salvador\"\nSalvadoran military). U.S. envoys from the White House and Congress pressed Salvadoran political leaders to incorporate the PDC into the interim government and to preserve reform measures (particularly agrarian reform). At stake was the continuation of United States aid (both economic and military), without which El Salvador would have been hard-pressed to sustain its democratic transition in the face of growing military and political pressure from the Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front-Revolutionary Democratic Front (\"\"Frente Farabundo Marti de Liberacion Nacional-Frente Democratico Revolucionario\"\" or FMLN-FDR), the leftist guerrilla (FMLN) and political (FDR) opposition groups which unified in 1981 in an effort", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10766668", "chunk_text": "\"History of El Salvador\"\nPresident Gerardo Barrios created a new constitution to extend his term limit.) Coffee gave birth to the oligarchy in the late 19th century, and economic growth has revolved around them ever since. The fourteen families \"\"las catorce families\"\" is a reference to the oligarchy which controlled most of the land and wealth in El Salvador during the 19th and 20th centuries with names including de Sola, Llach, Hill, Duenas, Dalton, Regalado, Quinonez and Salaverria. In the last 35 years, the men of economic power in El Salvador have transformed themselves: landowning agricultural exporters converted into powerful financiers. The riches of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8442866", "chunk_text": "\"Foreign relations of El Salvador\"\nForeign relations of El Salvador El Salvador is a member of the United Nations and several of its specialized agencies, the Organization of American States (OAS), the Central American Common Market (CACM), the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN), and the Central American Integration System (SICA). It actively participates in the Central American Security Commission (CASC), which seeks to promote regional arms control. In November, 1950 El Salvador helped the newly empowered 14th Dalai Lama by supporting his Tibetan Government cabinet minister's telegram requesting an appeal before the General Assembly of the United Nations to stop the Communist China's People's Liberation Army's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5072045", "chunk_text": "\"Supreme Court of El Salvador\"\ncases. The Constitutional Court has also been criticized for taking too long to issue decisions, which some say results in justice delayed too long. Supreme Court of El Salvador The Supreme Court of Justice of El Salvador () is the highest court of El Salvador. The court sits in San Salvador. The current president is Judge José Belarmino Jaime, who has held the position for three consecutive terms. The Supreme Court is part of the judicial branch of El Salvador. It is composed of 15 judges and an equal number of substitutes. The magistrates are elected by the Legislative Assembly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4661931", "chunk_text": "\"Spanish conquest of El Salvador\"\nCaptaincy General of Guatemala. El Salvador is the smallest country in Central America, extending approximately east-west and north-south, covering an area of ; much of its territory occupies a volcanic plateau about above mean sea level. It is located on the Pacific coast of Central America and is bordered by Guatemala to the west, and Honduras to the north and east. The country is seismologically active, and has a history of devastating earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. The country is divided into four main regions; two mountain ranges run east-west across the country, with a wide central plateau dividing them. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10766666", "chunk_text": "\"History of El Salvador\"\nThe elite-controlled legislature and president passed vagrancy laws that removed people from their land and the great majority of Salvadorans became landless. Their former lands were absorbed into the coffee plantations (\"\"fincas\"\"). Héctor Lindo-Fuentes' book, titled \"\"Weak Foundations: The Economy of El Salvador in the Nineteenth Century\"\", asserts that \"\"the parallel process of state-building and expansion of the coffee industry resulted in the formation of an oligarchy that was to rule El Salvador during the twentieth century.\"\" The oligarchy that have controlled El Salvador's history were all but feudal lords. Although the constitution was amended repeatedly in favor of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5984445", "chunk_text": "\"Political system\"\nPolitical system A political system is a system of politics and government. It is usually compared to the legal system, economic system, cultural system, and other social systems. However, this is a very simplified view of a much more complex system of categories involving the questions of who should have authority and what the government's influence on its people and economy should be. Anthropologists generally recognize four kinds of political systems, two of which are uncentralized and two of which are centralized. The sociological interest in political systems is figuring out who holds power within the relationship of the government", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16997017", "chunk_text": "\"Constitutions of El Salvador\"\nfor only one year. The 1886 constitution, in amended form, was reinstated in 1946. These changes reflected the political uncertainty that prevailed in El Salvador between the termination of Martinez's long tenure as president and the advent of the military-led Revolution of 1948. The constitution that grew out of the Revolution of 1948, under which Óscar Osorio was elected president, was the constitution of 1950. It retained a unicameral legislature and changed the name from National Assembly to Legislative Assembly. The 1950 charter also restored a six-year presidential term with no immediate reelection and, for the first time, granted Salvadoran", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_268	when was the last time.michigan beat ohio state?	n/a	[ "2011" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12197608", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nin 1897, and the rivalry has been played annually since 1918. The game has been played at the end of the regular season since 1935 (with exceptions in 1942, 1986, and 1998). Since 1918, the game's site has alternated between Columbus, Ohio, and Ann Arbor, Michigan (Michigan hosts it in odd years and Ohio State in even years), and has been played in Ohio Stadium since 1922 and Michigan Stadium since 1927. Through 2010, Ohio State and Michigan have decided the Big Ten Conference championship between themselves on 22 different occasions, and have affected the determination of the conference title", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664834", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nteams. Ohio State defeated Michigan for the fifth consecutive time, winning 30–27 in two overtimes. The 2017 game, held in Ann Arbor, drew a crowd of more than 112,000, and featured the ninth-ranked Buckeyes against the unranked Wolverines. Michigan led 14-0 at the end of the first quarter but Ohio State tied the game at 14-14 before half time. Michigan's offense was limited to six points in the second half, and Ohio State scored 17, winning the game 31-20. The victory was the Buckeyes' sixth win in six years under head coach Urban Meyer. J.T. Barrett, Ohio State's starting quarterback,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12197650", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nMichigan\"\". The move of calling his cancer \"\"Michigan\"\" got the support of his parents, Ohio State head coach Urban Meyer (who Reed later got to meet), and even some Michigan fans, including Michigan head coach Brady Hoke. After his last chemotherapy treatment in 2013 which placed him in remission, Reed now tells people that he \"\"beat Michigan\"\". Rankings are from the AP Poll. In Big Ten Conference play, Ohio State leads the series 50–46–4 through the 2018 meeting. Michigan was a charter member of the Big Ten in 1896 before leaving the league after the 1906 football season. Ohio State", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664835", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nrecorded 4 wins in 4 years as a starting quarterback—the first Ohio State QB to do so. Until this game, Ohio State had never come back and won a game against Michigan once down 14 or more points. In 2018, the #4 Wolverines visited the #10 Buckeyes in a game with both Big 10 Championship and College Football Playoff implications. Michigan entered the game with the best defense in the country, but Ohio State gained more than 560 yards - including 6 touchdown passes - en route to a 62-39 victory. Ohio State's 62 points set a record for points", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14114557", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan Wolverines football\"\n2011. Michigan and Ohio State first played each other in 1897. Ohio State's victory in 2010 was vacated. The rivalry was particularly enhanced during The Ten Year War, a period in which Ohio State was coached by Woody Hayes and Michigan was coached by Bo Schembechler. Overall, the Buckeye and Wolverine football programs have combined for 19 national titles, 77 conference titles, and 10 Heisman Trophy winners. Michigan holds a 58–50–6 advantage through the 2018 season. Michigan and Michigan State first played each other in 1898. Since Michigan State joined the Big Ten Conference in 1953, the two schools have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2750095", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nMichigan–Ohio State football rivalry The Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry, referred to as The Game by some followers, is an American college football rivalry game played annually between the University of Michigan Wolverines and Ohio State University Buckeyes. It gathered particular national interest as most of the games from the 1970s through the mid-2000s determined the Big Ten Conference title and the resulting Rose Bowl Game match ups, and many influenced the outcome of the national college football championship. The game was ranked by ESPN in 2000 as the greatest North American sports rivalry. The two Midwest state schools first met", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12670584", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan Wolverines\"\ntrails only that of Schembechler in Michigan history, Rich Rodriguez succeeded Carr following his retirement in 2007. Rodriguez coached the Wolverines through the 2010 season, compiling a record of 15–22. Michigan has a major rivalry with Ohio State, considered one of the fiercest rivalries in American sports. In a pair of ESPN fan polls, in 2000 and 2003, the Michigan–Ohio State series was voted the greatest rivalry in sports in America. Michigan's meeting with Ohio State is almost always the last game of the two schools' regular seasons and has provided many memorable contests, such as the \"\"Snow Bowl\"\" of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664833", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nfield goal. The final score was 42–13, in favor of Ohio State. The 2016 game pitted the third-ranked Wolverines against the second-ranked Buckeyes, only the second time that the matchup featured programs both ranked in the nation's top three. Michigan led 10–7 at halftime and extended its lead to 17–7 early in the third quarter. An Ohio State touchdown cut the deficit to 17–14 heading to the fourth quarter. The Buckeyes kicked a field goal in the final seconds of regulation to tie the game and force overtime. The game marked the first overtime in the series between the two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12197651", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nbegan league play with the 1913 season, and Michigan returned for the 1917 season. The 1918 matchup between the two schools was the first between them with both as Big Ten members. Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry The Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry, referred to as The Game by some followers, is an American college football rivalry game played annually between the University of Michigan Wolverines and Ohio State University Buckeyes. It gathered particular national interest as most of the games from the 1970s through the mid-2000s determined the Big Ten Conference title and the resulting Rose Bowl Game match ups, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12670585", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan Wolverines\"\n1950. The game has frequently decided the Big Ten Champion. Michigan leads the series 58–46–6. The contest on November 18, 2006 marked the first time ever these teams had been ranked No. 1 and No. 2 going into the game, and the first time they were both undefeated since 1973. The 2007 college football match-up between Ohio State and Michigan was predicted to be the No. 2 college football game to watch in 2007 by SI.com's \"\"Top 20 Games To Watch in 2007\"\" list. Michigan has an intrastate rival in Michigan State; the schools' football teams compete for the Paul", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12600927", "chunk_text": "\"Ohio State Buckeyes football\"\neach have one. This table reflects the results of Big Ten match-ups when both OSU and its opponent were members of the conference. Ohio State began Big Ten play in 1913. Examples of excluded results are Chicago after 1939, Michigan between 1907–1916, Michigan State before 1953, Penn State before 1993, and Nebraska before 2011 (see Big Ten History for further information). Ohio State's vacated wins from 2010 are NOT included (see 2010 Ohio State Buckeyes football team for further information). \"\"Updated through November 20, 2017 of the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season.\"\" Through the 2006 season Ohio State", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664831", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nthree touchdowns (two on offense and one on defense) to go up 42–21. The Game ended 42–28. During the contest, OSU quarterback J. T. Barrett suffered a broken ankle and left the game in favor of third-string sophomore quarterback, Cardale Jones. Ohio State would go on to win the inaugural College Football Playoff and national championship. Three days after the game, Michigan head coach Brady Hoke was fired and Michigan began searching for Hoke's successor. On December 30, 2014, Jim Harbaugh, former quarterback for Michigan from 1983 to 1986, was introduced by the University of Michigan as the school's new", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2750110", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nAP Poll before their matchup. The Wolverines entered every game during those years undefeated and won only once, a 10–7 victory in Ann Arbor on November 20, 1971. The Michigan graduating class of 1975 shared or won the Big Ten championship every season, yet went to the Rose Bowl only once, in 1972. They only lost or tied with Ohio State during the regular season in that period. In 1973, both teams entered undefeated, with the winner guaranteed a trip to the Rose Bowl. The rivals played to a 10–10 tie in Ann Arbor on November 24, and the athletic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664832", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nhead football coach. The 2015 game in Ann Arbor marked Harbaugh's first game as a head coach in the rivalry. His Michigan team was 9–2 coming into the game and Ohio State was 10–1. For the first time since 2006, both teams were ranked in the top 10, with Ohio State at #8 and Michigan at #10. The first half was close, with Michigan scoring a touchdown shortly before halftime to narrow Ohio State's lead to 14–10. Ohio State, however, scored touchdowns on each of its first 4 possessions in the second half, while Michigan could only muster a single", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12197649", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\na thinly veiled version of the Ohio State vs. Michigan game, parodying both sides and their fanaticism regarding the event. The 1942 movie \"\"The Male Animal\"\", based on a play of the same name by Ohio State alumni James Thurber and Elliott Nugent, also features a version of the game. In 2011, 10-year-old Grant Reed of Columbus was diagnosed with a malignant brain tumor. Not liking to use the word \"\"cancer\"\", Reed (whose parents are both Ohio State alums and himself is an Ohio State fan) decided to call his cancer \"\"Michigan\"\", since \"\"Ohio State is always going to beat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3480927", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan Wolverines football\"\nUpdated as of September 17, 2018. Announced schedules as of May 5, 2017. Michigan Wolverines football The Michigan Wolverines football program represents the University of Michigan in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) level. Michigan has the most all-time wins in college football history. The team is known for its distinctive winged helmet, its fight song, its record-breaking attendance figures at Michigan Stadium, and its many rivalries, particularly its annual, regular-season-ending game against Ohio State, once voted as ESPN's best sports rivalry. Michigan began competing in intercollegiate football in 1879. The Wolverines joined", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20826687", "chunk_text": "\"2006 Michigan vs. Ohio State football game\"\nby the Florida Gators in the national championship game. Michigan and Ohio State first faced each other in 1897, and have met annually since 1918. Coming into the game, Michigan held the all-time lead in the series 57–39–6, though Ohio State had won the previous two meetings. Called simply \"\"The Game\"\" by some, the rivalry is considered one of the greatest in sports. The rivalry was specifically intense during a period known as the Ten Year War from 1969 to 1978 when Woody Hayes of Ohio State and Bo Schembechler of Michigan coached opposing teams. This would be the first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12197609", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nan additional 27 times. For many years, the game aired on ABC, usually in the 12 p.m. time slot. Beginning with the 2017 season, the game aired on Fox as a result of that network acquiring the Big Ten's tier 1 rights in the most recent broadcasting contract. When the University of Michigan and Ohio State University met for the first time in 1897, the Toledo War was within the memories of some still living, and the short-lived border war may have fueled the rivalry between the two opposing teams. The inaugural game, held at Ann Arbor, resulted in a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12197635", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nmore losses than in any other season in its history. The Buckeyes posted a 42–7 win, and scored their largest margin of victory over Michigan since 1968. Ohio State won 21–10 in the 2009 game to extend their winning streak against Michigan to six games, their longest in the rivalry's history, and improve Jim Tressel's record versus Michigan to 8–1. Ohio State wore throwback uniforms to commemorate their 1954 national championship team. The 2009 meeting also saw Buckeye guard Justin Boren, who had transferred to Ohio State from Michigan in 2008, become the third player in school history to play", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664828", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nState vacated all wins from the 2010 season, including the win over Michigan, leaving Tressel with a final record against Michigan of 8–1, with a win streak of six. Michigan won the 2011 meeting, 40–34, which was the first between two first-year coaches since the 1929 match-up of Harry Kipke and Sam Willaman. The Wolverines were led by junior quarterback Denard Robinson who accounted for 337 total yards rushing and passing, and five touchdowns. On November 28, 2011, Urban Meyer, who had served as an assistant at Ohio State from 1986 to 1987, was named the 24th head coach for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2750100", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\ncampaign to build a stadium for Ohio State football. The stadium was completed in 1922, and the first of many historic games in Ohio Stadium took place on October 21, 1922, the day the stadium was dedicated in Columbus. In front of a record 71,000 fans, the Wolverines posted another shutout of the home team Buckeyes, 19–0. According to lore, there was a wager on the outcome of this game, and yellow flowers on a blue background still exist today in the upper part of the stadium's rotunda. Michigan won the next five games before OSU picked up the final", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9258541", "chunk_text": "\"Ohio State Buckeyes football\"\n1969 loss to Michigan initiated what came to be known as \"\"The Ten Year War\"\", in which the rivalry, which pitted some of OSU's and UM's strongest teams ever, rose to the uppermost level of all sports and the competition between Schembechler and Hayes became legendary. Four times between 1970 and 1975, Ohio State and Michigan were both ranked in the top five of the AP Poll before their matchup. The Wolverines entered every game during those years undefeated and won only once, a 10–7 victory in Ann Arbor on November 20, 1971. Both teams used the annual game as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12197632", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nregular-season college football game since 1993, averaging 21.8 million viewers. The victory marked the first time in 43 years that the Buckeyes had won three consecutive games in the series. The game gained even more significance when, on the eve of the meeting, Michigan head coach and former Ohio State assistant coach Bo Schembechler died. Schembechler was honored with a video tribute at Ohio Stadium as well as a moment of silence before kickoff. Half an hour after the game ended, the Ohio Lottery PICK 4 evening drawing was 4–2–3–9, matching the final score of the game and paying out", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2750099", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nunchanged since its conception. Ohio State became a member of the Big Ten Conference in 1912. In 1917, Michigan rejoined the conference after a ten-year absence. In 1918, the teams played their first conference matchup, with Michigan prevailing 14–0 and lodging its eleventh shutout over the Buckeyes. The rivalry has been renewed annually every year since then. In 1919, the Buckeyes (led by legendary halfback Chic Harley) won their first game in the series, beating the Wolverines 13–3. The Buckeyes won the following two contests as well, to bring the series record to 13–3–2. Harley's prowess spurred the university to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18514308", "chunk_text": "\"2017 Ohio State Buckeyes football team\"\nan interception to Jordan Fuller. On Ohio State's next possession, Dobbins ran for 41 yards and Mike Weber was able to seal the game by scoring a 25-yard touchdown run with 1:44 remaining in the game, to make what would be the final score, 31–20. Michigan coach Jim Harbaugh dropped to 0–3 versus the Buckeyes, while Urban Meyer moved to 6–0 against the Wolverines. The current winning streak is tied for the second-longest in the series and tied for the longest for Ohio State with the 2004–2009 games. J.T. Barrett became the only quarterback in the series history to have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2750102", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nstraight shutout victories against Michigan, outscoring the Wolverines 114–0 from 1934 to 1937. Schmidt's quote spawned an OSU tradition—since 1934, every Ohio State player receives a gold pants pendant after a victory against Michigan. Michigan won the three games from 1938 to 1940. The 1940 game, won by Michigan, 40–0, was the benchmark performance of what some consider to be the greatest Michigan team in history, and was the final collegiate game of the tailback tandem of Tom Harmon and Paul Kromer. In 1941, Michigan and Ohio State met for the first time with each team ranked in the AP", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2750112", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\naccording to legend, once refused to get gas in an empty tank, saying: \"\"No, goddammit! We do NOT pull in and fill up. And I'll tell you exactly why we don't. It's because I don't buy one goddam drop of gas in the state of Michigan! We'll coast and PUSH this goddam car to the Ohio line before I give this state a nickel of my money!\"\" During the \"\"Ten-Year War,\"\" Ohio State and Michigan shared the Big Ten title six times. Between 1976 and 1978, Michigan won the game each year, and Ohio State failed to score a touchdown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9010205", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Notre Dame football rivalry\"\n1909. In 1942, in the first meeting since 1909, Michigan beat then #4 Notre Dame in Notre Dame Stadium. The next season, on October 9, top-ranked Notre Dame defeated second-ranked Michigan in the first matchup of top teams since the creation of the AP Poll in 1936. The teams ceased to play each other until the series was renewed in 1978. It has since been played annually with the exception of hiatuses in 1983–84, 1995–96, and 2000–01. After the 2014 meeting, the series went on hiatus. However, the series will be renewed in 2018 and 2019. Michigan leads the all-time", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664826", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nfor both teams (J. T. White and Howard Yerges, Jr. being the others) and only the second to play for both teams in the rivalry game. In 2010, Ohio State again prevailed, 37–7 but had to vacate all wins from the 2010 season. Rodriguez was fired following Michigan's 2010 season, ending Michigan's flirtation with the spread—and with non-\"\"Michigan Man\"\" coaches. Rodriguez was succeeded by Brady Hoke, who served as Michigan's defensive line coach from 1995 to 2002. Hoke held head coaching positions at Ball State from 2003 to 2008 and San Diego State from 2009 to 2010 before returning to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3721674", "chunk_text": "\"Zavier Simpson\"\nOn January 13, 2018, Michigan won their rivalry game against (#4 AP Poll/#4 Coaches Poll) Michigan State 82–72. Simpson tallied 16 points in Michigan's first road victory against a top-five ranked team since defeating (#3 AP Poll/#3 Coaches Poll) Michigan State on January 25, 2014; On January 25, 2018, Michigan lost to (#3 AP Poll/#3 Coaches Poll) Purdue 88–92 despite 16 points from Simpson. In two of his other top-5 games, Simpson had 15-point games against both (#5 AP Poll/#7 Coaches Poll) Purdue on January 9, 2018. and (#2 AP Poll/#2 Coaches Poll) Michigan State on March 3, 2018. Although", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2750118", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nthe Ohio State end zone, and caught a 37-yard pass that set up freshman running back Anthony Thomas' touchdown run, the Wolverines prevailed, 20–14. The Wolverines then defeated Washington State in the Rose Bowl by a 21–16 score, winning their first national championship since 1948. Ohio State came back with a win in the 1998 contest, but Michigan went on to win in 1999 and 2000. Senior quarterback Tom Brady hit sophomore receiver Marquise Walker for the game-winning touchdown pass with five minutes to go to for a 24–17 victory in 1999. In the 2000 game, Michigan grabbed a 31–12", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4903431", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan Wolverines\"\nlater forfeited due to NCAA violations. The team has appeared in the NCAA Final Four on eight occasions (1964, 1965, 1976, 1989, 1992, 1993, 2013, 2018) and won the National Championship in 1989 under Steve Fisher. The program later vacated its 1992 and 1993 Final Four appearances due to NCAA violations. Other notable players who played for Michigan include Roy Tarpley, Loy Vaught, Gary Grant, Terry Mills, Glen Rice, Jalen Rose, Rumeal Robinson, Rickey Green, Phil Hubbard, Jamal Crawford, Juwan Howard, Chris Webber, Jimmy King, Ray Jackson, Cazzie Russell, Daniel Horton, Campy Russell, and Mark Hughes. During the 1990s, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14114492", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan Wolverines football\"\nMichigan Wolverines football The Michigan Wolverines football program represents the University of Michigan in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) level. Michigan has the most all-time wins in college football history. The team is known for its distinctive winged helmet, its fight song, its record-breaking attendance figures at Michigan Stadium, and its many rivalries, particularly its annual, regular-season-ending game against Ohio State, once voted as ESPN's best sports rivalry. Michigan began competing in intercollegiate football in 1879. The Wolverines joined the Big Ten Conference at its inception in 1896, and other than a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12197627", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nBuckeyes defeated the heavily favored 9–1 Wolverines, 37–21, behind the leadership of quarterback Troy Smith and true freshman receiver Ted Ginn, Jr. The Buckeyes added another win in the 2005 game by overcoming a 21–12 deficit with less than eight minutes in the game. In the closing minutes of the game, the Buckeye offense scored two touchdowns to claim a 25–21 victory. Smith threw for 300 yards and completed 73% of his passes. Ginn had a game high nine catches for 89 yards. On November 18, 2006, Ohio State and Michigan met for their annual showdown, each carrying an 11–0", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1806217", "chunk_text": "\"History of Ohio State Buckeyes football\"\nas \"\"The Ten Year War\"\", in which the rivalry, which pitted some of OSU's and UM's strongest teams ever, rose to the uppermost level of all sports and the competition between Schembechler and Hayes became legendary. Four times between 1970 and 1975, Ohio State and Michigan were both ranked in the top five of the AP Poll before their matchup. The Wolverines entered every game during those years undefeated and won only once, a 10–7 victory in Ann Arbor on November 20, 1971. Both teams used the annual game as motivation for entire seasons and after the initial win by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14114550", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan Wolverines football\"\ncompiled a 31–20 record, including an 18–14 record in Big Ten play. On December 30, 2014, the University announced the hiring of Jim Harbaugh as the team's 20th head coach. Harbaugh, who was starting quarterback in the mid 1980s under Bo Schembechler, had most recently served as head coach of the San Francisco 49ers. In his first season, Harbaugh led Michigan to a 10–3 record, including a 41–7 win over the Florida Gators in the 2016 Citrus Bowl. The squad achieved an identical 10–3 record during the 2016 season, which ended with a 33–32 loss to Florida State in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664829", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nthe Buckeyes, replacing Fickell. In the 2012 matchup, OSU's junior running back Carlos Hyde ran for 146 yards and the fourth-ranked Buckeyes, trailing at halftime, shut down No. 20 Michigan's offense in the second half to prevail 26–21 and cap a 12–0 season. In 2013, Ohio State came to Michigan Stadium with an 11–0 record (7–0 Big Ten) and ranked #3 in the BCS standings. Michigan was a disappointing 7–4 (3–4 Big Ten). In spite of the seeming mismatch, the game remained close and with 32 seconds remaining Michigan scored to bring the score to 42–41. Michigan attempted a two-point", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664836", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nagainst Michigan during regulation, and the victory improved Meyer's record against Michigan to 7-0. Harbaugh fell to 0-4 against Ohio State, making him the first Michigan coach to lose his first four starts against the Buckeyes. The 2018 meeting would be Meyer's last against Michigan, as he announced his retirement at the end of the season. In 2010, the Big Ten Conference announced that the University of Nebraska would be joining the Big Ten the following year, and that the Big Ten would be split into two divisions. When rumors surfaced that Ohio State and Michigan would be placed in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2750108", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nBig Ten title for the first time in seven years en route to an AP national championship. The Buckeyes had also narrowed the series margin to 37–24–4. Wolverines coach Bump Elliott resigned after the 1968 loss and Michigan hired Miami (Ohio) head coach Bo Schembechler, who had previously been an assistant at Ohio State under Hayes, to revitalize its football program. On November 22, 1969, Hayes led his top-ranked Buckeyes into Michigan Stadium to face Schembechler's Wolverines in the first matchup between two coaches who would come to define the rivalry between the two programs. The Buckeyes brought a 22-game", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11445719", "chunk_text": "\"Jim Harbaugh\"\nWolverines soundly defeated Rutgers 78–0 – the third-largest margin of victory in program history, and the largest margin since 1920. Three weeks later, Michigan defeated Michigan State team on the road, for its first victory in East Lansing since 2007. They then suffered their first loss of the season to Iowa, before beating Indiana for their 10th victory; Harbaugh is one of only two coaches in program history to win 10 games in each of his first two seasons as head coach, joining Fielding H. Yost (1901–02). The regular season finished with a highly anticipated matchup against #2 Ohio State,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18980013", "chunk_text": "\"2006 Michigan vs. Ohio State football game\"\n1897, and have met annually since 1918. Considered by many the greatest rivalry in sports, the rivalry had to that point been the \"\"de facto\"\" Big Ten Conference championship game on 22 occasions, with the game affecting the determination of the championship an additional 27 times. Ohio State entered the 2006 season ranked No. 1, while Michigan was ranked No. 14 in the AP preseason poll. With both teams winning all of their regular season games prior to their matchup, Ohio State remained No. 1 in all major polls, while Michigan moved up to No. 2 in the polls. Both", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12600915", "chunk_text": "\"Ohio State Buckeyes football\"\nthe southwestern corner of Ohio Stadium next to Morrill Tower. Trees are planted in ceremonies held prior to the Spring Game. All 126 Buckeye All-Americans dating back to 1914 have been so honored. Since 1935 the annual game against Michigan (known as \"\"that team up north\"\" for Ohio State fans) has been the final meeting of the regular season for both teams. The week prior to \"\"The Game\"\", known as Michigan Week, is characterized by scheduled school spirit and public service events, such as rallies, touch football games, and blood drives; and by massive displays of school colors and banners", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20826697", "chunk_text": "\"2006 Michigan vs. Ohio State football game\"\n2006 edition of \"\"The Game\"\" kicked off at 3:44 p.m. EST on November 18, 2006 in front of a crowd of 105,708 at Ohio Stadium in Columbus, Ohio. The game received extensive media coverage from ABC and ESPN, including extensive coverage in the preceding week, as well as the visit from ESPN \"\"College GameDay\"\" the morning of the game. The game itself drew a 13.0 rating, with an estimated 21.8 million viewership on ABC, making it the most watched regular-season college football game since the 1993 game between Florida State and Notre Dame. Ohio State won the coin toss and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7783495", "chunk_text": "\"2018 Michigan Wolverines football team\"\nin Michigan program history. Following its home finale against Indiana, Michigan traveled to Columbus, Ohio to face its arch-rival, the Ohio State Buckeyes, in the 115th playing of \"\"The Game\"\". Michigan was upset by Ohio State 62–39. Ohio State opened the scoring in the first quarter via a 24-yard touchdown pass from Dwayne Haskins to Chris Olave. Michigan responded with a 39-yard field goal by Jake Moody. Michigan scored 16 points in the second quarter via a 31-yard field goal by Moody, a 23-yard touchdown pass from Shea Patterson to Nico Collins, and a nine-yard touchdown pass from Patterson to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4932164", "chunk_text": "\"History of Ohio State Buckeyes football\"\na crushing 31-0 defeat. The 2017 season would again feature Barrett as the quarterback where they would go 10–2 in the regular season and win the 2017 Big Ten Football Championship Game against No. 3 Wisconsin. Ohio State's repeat of appearing in the playoffs where dashed when the committee chose 11–1 Alabama over the 11–2 Buckeyes. Ohio State would go on to face No.8 USC in the 2017 Cotton Bowl Classic, winning 24–7. On August 1, 2018 Meyer was placed on administrative leave by Ohio State, after reports surfaced that Meyer knew about spousal abuse allegations against assistant coach Zach", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664809", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nin each of those contests. Woody Hayes was fired at the end of the 1978 season after punching a Clemson player during the Gator Bowl, which ended the \"\"War.\"\" The 1978 game was won by Michigan, 14–3, giving Schembechler a record of 5–4–1 against Hayes. At the end of the Hayes tenure, the series stood at 42–28–5. Earle Bruce took over for Hayes and led the Buckeyes to a 5–4 record against Schembechler's Wolverines between 1979 and 1987, perhaps the most balanced stretch of the rivalry, during which neither team won more than two consecutive games. In 1987, Bruce was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2750114", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nthen turned over the reins to one of his assistants, Gary Moeller, who led the team for five seasons before another longtime Michigan assistant, Lloyd Carr, became the head coach in 1995. The most notorious matchups of the era took place in 1993, 1995, and 1996, in which Ohio State entered the game each year undefeated. The Buckeyes had a 9–0–1 record heading into the 1993 game and were looking to claim an outright Big Ten title against a Michigan team that had already lost four times. Michigan receiver Mercury Hayes and running backs Jon Ritchie, Che Foster, and Ed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11664830", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nconversion for the lead, but Devin Gardner's pass was intercepted in the end zone by Tyvis Powell, and Ohio State escaped with the win. Michigan entered the 2014 contest with a 5–6 record and needed a win against Ohio State to become bowl eligible. Ohio State had a 10–1 record (7–0 in the Big Ten), and was holding onto hope that they would be selected as one of the top four teams in the nation and gain a spot in the first ever College Football Playoff. The game was tied at 21 until the fourth quarter when Ohio State scored", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3480891", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan Wolverines football\"\nwith the first of Michigan's record streak of games with more than 100,000 people in attendance occurring during a game against the Purdue Boilermakers. From 1976 to 1978, Michigan asserted its own dominance of the rivalry, beating Ohio State, going to the Rose Bowl, and posting a 10–2 record every year. After the 1978 season, Woody Hayes was fired for punching an opposing player during the 1978 Gator Bowl, thus ending The Ten Year War. Michigan had a slight edge in the war, with Schembechler going 5–4–1 against Hayes. However, while Schembechler successfully placed great emphasis on the rivalry, Michigan's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12197626", "chunk_text": "\"Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry\"\nMaurice Hall's game-winning score. The Buckeyes went on to win the national championship that season, as they defeated Miami in the Fiesta Bowl. In 2003, Michigan struck back and won the 100th meeting between the historical rivals by a score of 35–21 in Ann Arbor. Senior running back Chris Perry, a Heisman finalist, had 154 yards rushing and two touchdowns to lead the Wolverines to the victory. Braylon Edwards contributed seven catches for 130 yards and two big touchdowns. The game's attendance was 112,118, the largest crowd ever for an NCAA football game at the time. In 2004, the 6–4", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_269	when did they stop making pull tabs on beer cans?	n/a	[ "1990", "1970s" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13341904", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\nmust be an easier way, he later stayed up all night until he came up with the pull tab. Pull-tab cans, or the discarded tabs from them, were also called \"\"pop-tops\"\" colloquially. In Australia these were colloquially known as \"\"ring-pull\"\". Into the 1970s, the pull-tab was widely popular, but its popularity came with a significant problem, as people would frequently discard the pull-tabs on the ground as litter, or drop them into the can and risk choking on them. These problems were both addressed by the invention of the \"\"push-tab\"\". Used primarily on Coors Beer cans in the mid-1970s, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11518785", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\ncaused by removable tabs. Such \"\"retained ring-pull\"\" cans supplanted pull-off tabs in the United Kingdom in 1989 for soft drinks and 1990 for alcoholic drinks. One of the more recent modifications to can design was the introduction of the \"\"wide mouth\"\" can in the late 1990s. The American Can Company, now a part of Rexam, and Coors Brewing Company have owned wide mouth design patent (number D385,192) since 1997. Other companies have similar designs for the wide mouth. Ball Corporation's from 2008 has a vent tube to allow direct airflow into the can reducing the amount of gulps during the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15930431", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\nto admit air. As early as 1922, inventors were applying for patents on cans with tab tops, but the technology of the time made these inventions impractical. Later advancements saw the ends of the can made out of aluminium instead of steel. Cans are usually in sealed paperboard cartons, corrugated fiberboard boxes, or trays covered with plastic film. The entire distribution system and packaging need to be controlled to ensure freshness. Mikolaj Kondakow and James Wong of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada invented the pull tab version for bottles in or before 1951 (Canadian patent 476789). Then, in 1962, Ermal Cleon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11518783", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\nCola company, in 1964. The early pull-tabs detached easily. In 1976 the \"\"Journal of the American Medical Association\"\" noted cases of children ingesting pull-tabs that had broken off and dropped into the can. Full-top pull-tabs were also used in some oil cans and are currently used in some soup, pet food, tennis ball, nuts and other cans. In 1975, Daniel F. Cudzik, an engineer with Reynolds Metals, filed a design patent application for a \"\"End closure for a container.\"\" This later became known as a \"\"Sta-Tab.\"\" When the Sta-Tab launched in 1975, on Falls City beer and, quickly, other drinks,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2432467", "chunk_text": "\"Ermal C. Fraze\"\nfirst design is not the in modern usage. Dangerous for the user and often causing injury, it included a lever that pierced a hole in the top of the can, which produced sharp edges. Later that year, he established a mechanism known as the \"\"pull-tab\"\" can. Its users are simply required to pull a removable tab to open the drink. He received U.S. patent No. 3,349,949 for the invention in 1963, and subsequently sold it to Alcoa. By 1965, around 75% of U.S. breweries were using them. However, in the mid-1970s, pressure from environmentalists led to the development of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13341906", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\na second, smaller, push-tab at the top as an airflow vent — a convenience that was lost with the switch from can opener to pull-tab. The \"\"push-tab\"\" was introduced into Australia in the early 1980s and was locally known as \"\"pop-tops\"\". The safety and litter problems were both eventually solved later in the 1970s with Daniel F. Cudzik's invention of the non-removing \"\"Stay-Tab\"\". The pull-ring was replaced with a stiff aluminium lever, and the removable tab was replaced with a pre-scored round tab that functioned similarly to the push-tab, but the raised blister was no longer needed, as the riveted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "163657", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\npush-tab was a raised circular scored area used in place of the pull-tab. It needed no ring to pull up. Instead, the raised aluminium blister was pushed down into the can, with a small unscored piece that kept the tab connected after being pushed inside. Push-tabs never gained wide popularity because while they had solved the litter problem of the pull-tab, they created a safety hazard where the person's finger upon pushing the tab into the can was immediately exposed to the sharp edges of the opening. An unusual feature of the push-tab Coors Beer cans was that they had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2432465", "chunk_text": "\"Ermal C. Fraze\"\nErmal C. Fraze Ermal Cleon \"\"Ernie\"\" Fraze (September 16, 1913 – October 26, 1989) was an engineer who invented the pull-tab opener used in beverage cans. Fraze was born on a farm near Muncie, Indiana, but later moved to Dayton, Ohio, where he assembled novelties for Cracker Jack boxes. He started his career in Ohio as a machine tool operator in the 1940s. Using a loan from his wife, Martha, he established the Dayton Reliable Tool & Manufacturing Company, his own machine tool business in 1949. The company produced tools such as improved gun barrels for war planes, usually for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11518787", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\nthe hole used for consuming the drink. Consumers could also easily cut themselves on the edges of the holes or get their fingers stuck. Press button cans were used by Pepsi in Canada from the 1970s to 1980s and Coors in the 1970s. They have since been replaced with pull tabs. Used in Australia, locally known as \"\"pop-tops\"\", for soft drinks during the early 1980s. Another variation on the drink can is the \"\"full aperture end\"\", where the entire lid can be removed – turning an aluminium can into a cup. Crown Holdings first designed the \"\"360 End\"\" for use", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14405610", "chunk_text": "\"Falls City Brewing Company\"\nand 1975. In 1975, Falls City launched a new brand of beer called Drummond Bros. The brand was lighter in body than Falls City and it was aimed at younger beer drinkers. The Drummond Bros. name had no historical significance. Instead, it was dreamed up as a catchy name by an advertising agency hired by the brewery. The Drummond Bros. brand was initially successful but within a few years sales declined. Also in 1975, Falls City Brewing Company became the first beverage maker to use the now familiar \"\"Sta-Tab\"\" on its cans. Prior to this invention, most cans used pull", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11518767", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\ncanned drink market. His invention was the \"\"pull-tab\"\". This eliminated the need for a separate opener tool by attaching an aluminium pull-ring lever with a rivet to a pre-scored wedge-shaped tab section of the can top. The ring was riveted to the center of the top, which created an elongated opening large enough that one hole simultaneously served to let the drink flow out while air flowed in. In 1959, while on a family picnic, Mr. Fraze had forgotten to bring a can opener and was forced to use a car bumper to open a can of beer. Thinking there", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2432468", "chunk_text": "\"Ermal C. Fraze\"\nnon-removable tabs used today. By 1980, his company was supplying can-end machinery worldwide making over $500 million in annual revenue. Ermal Fraze died in 1989, in Kettering, Ohio from a brain tumor. Soon after his death, the family sold the Dayton Reliable Tool Company to business managers, but it remained in Dayton. Ermal C. Fraze Ermal Cleon \"\"Ernie\"\" Fraze (September 16, 1913 – October 26, 1989) was an engineer who invented the pull-tab opener used in beverage cans. Fraze was born on a farm near Muncie, Indiana, but later moved to Dayton, Ohio, where he assembled novelties for Cracker Jack", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15930432", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\nFraze (1913–1989) of Dayton, Ohio, United States, invented the similar integral rivet and pull-tab version (also known as \"\"ring pull\"\" in British English), which had a ring attached at the rivet for pulling, and which would come off completely to be discarded. He received US Patent No. 3,349,949 for his pull-top can design in 1963 and licensed his invention to Alcoa and Pittsburgh Brewing Company, the latter of which first introduced the design on Iron City Beer cans. The first soft drinks to be sold in all-aluminium cans were R.C. Cola and Diet-Rite Cola, both made by the Royal Crown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "163652", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\nBritish armed forces abroad in the Second World War - cans saved a great deal of space and weight for wartime exports compared to glass bottles, and did not have to be returned for refilling. These early cans did not have a pull tab, instead they had a crown cork (beer bottle top). All modern UK canned beer is descended from these small, early cans which helped change the drinking and beer-buying habits of the British public. From the 18th century until the early 20th century Wales dominated world tinplate production, peaking in the early 1890s when 80% of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2740971", "chunk_text": "\"Coors Brewing Company\"\nand Southeastern states. In 1959, Coors became the first American brewer to use an all-aluminum two-piece beverage can. Also in 1959, the company abandoned pasteurization and began to use sterile filtration to stabilize its beer. Coors currently operates the largest aluminum can producing plant in the world, known as the Rocky Mountain Metal Container (RMMC), in Golden. RMMC is a joint venture between Ball Metal and Coors, having been founded in 2003. In the 1970s, Coors invented the litter-free push tab can, in place of the ring pull-tab. However, consumers disliked the top and it was discontinued soon afterward. Coors", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17155695", "chunk_text": "\"Beer bottle\"\nThe word \"\"stubbie\"\" is now only in common use in Australia. Stubbies are used extensively in Europe, and were used almost exclusively in Canada from 1962 to 1986 as part of a standardization effort intended to reduce breakage, and the cost of sorting bottles when they were returned by customers. Due to their nostalgic value, stubbies were reintroduced by a number of Canadian craft brewers in the early 2000s. In the U.S., stubbies have generally fallen out of favour, with only a few brands still using them such as the Session Lager by the Full Sail Brewing Company, Switchback Brewing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4480909", "chunk_text": "\"Tin can\"\nconvenient. Some cans, such as those used for sardines, have a specially scored lid so that the user can break out the metal by the leverage of winding it around a slotted church key. Until the mid-20th century, some sardine tins had solder-attached lids, and the winding key worked by forcing the solder joint apart. The advent of pull tabs in beverage cans spread to the canning of various food products, such as pet food or nuts (and non-food products such as motor oil and tennis balls). The ends are known as \"\"easy open\"\" lids because they open without any", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "163676", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\nmimicking the printed can but allowing for more flexibility than printed cans. A modern day trend in craft alcohol is to design stickers to put on cans, allowing for smaller batches and quick changes for new flavors. Beer can collecting was a minor fad in the late 1970s and 1990s. However, the hobby waned rapidly in popularity. The Beer Can Collectors of America (BCCA), founded in 1970, was an organization supporting the hobby, but has now renamed itself Brewery Collectibles Club of America to be more modern. As of late 2009, membership in the Brewery Collectibles Club of America was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15930414", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\ndrinks in cans was the interior liner, typically plastic or sometimes a waxy substance, that helped to keep the product's flavor from being ruined by a chemical reaction with the metal. Another major factor for the timing was the repeal of Prohibition in the United States at the end of 1933. In 1935, the Felinfoel Brewery at Felinfoel in Wales was the first brewery outside the USA to commercially can beer. Prior to this time, beer was only available in barrels or in glass bottles. From this time, lightweight tin cans could be used. Felinfoel was a major supplier to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14652042", "chunk_text": "Budweiser\nneck of the bottle with the Budweiser \"\"bow-tie\"\" logo. The main label is red with a white box in the center, overlaid with a Budweiser logo resembling a coat of arms, with the word \"\"Budweiser\"\" below it. In attempt to re-stimulate interest in their beer after the repeal of Prohibition, Budweiser began canning their beer in 1936. This new packaging led to an increase in sales which lasted until the start of World War II in 1939. Over the years, Budweiser cans have undergone various design changes in response to market conditions and consumer tastes. Since 1936, 12 major can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14033270", "chunk_text": "\"Pull-off bottle cap\"\ncountries as an easy-to-open cap. ALKA was made of aluminium and had a tab or twin tabs that were pulled to remove the cap. There was no scoring on an ALKA cap. Production of the ALKA cap took place on the bottling line. In 1974 AB Wicanders Korkfabriker of Sweden patented the MaxiCap . The MaxiCap was produced from 1979 at Wicanders’ factory in Hämeenlinna Finland, now known has Finn-Korkki Oy . A MaxiCap is an aluminium closure with scoring and a tab to pull. They were easier to use than the ALKA and pre-manufactured outside of the bottling plant.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7508161", "chunk_text": "\"Anheuser-Busch brands\"\n\"\"Michelob\"\" which allowed legal shipment of the beer across state lines. Bottled beer began to be shipped soon after, and the brand was introduced in cans in 1966. Bottled \"\"Michelob\"\" was originally sold in a uniquely shaped bottle named the teardrop bottle because it resembled a water droplet. The teardrop bottle was awarded a medal from the Institute of Design in 1962. Five years later the bottle was redesigned for efficiency in the production line. This bottle was used until 2002 when it was dropped in favor of a traditional bottle. The teardrop bottle was used again from January 2007", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1906739", "chunk_text": "\"Grain Belt (beer)\"\nhalted production from 1920 until 1933. The company temporarily changed its name to Golden Grain Juice Company and, like many other brewers, turned to making near beer and soft drinks until repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment to the US Constitution. Grain Belt Beer returned to taverns in October 1933 with bottled beer reappearing in December 1933. World War II brought rationing, and the company briefly had to drop cans altogether and resort to using green glass in its bottles, rather than the standard amber color which offered better protection from light. Sale of beer in bottles and cans had become", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14033271", "chunk_text": "\"Pull-off bottle cap\"\nThis allowed for increased production speeds on the bottling line. Soon after the MaxiCap came the RingCrown closure. Invented in the early 1980s it was originally called MaxiCrown and later became known as RingCrown. The RingCrown is easier to use than its predecessors because it has an attached ring rather than a static pull off tab. Pull-off bottle cap The RingCrown (also known as RipCap, Ring-pull closure or pull off caps) is a bottle closure that can be opened without any tools. It has a ring that can be pulled in order to detach the cap from the bottle. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10639706", "chunk_text": "\"Grain Belt (beer)\"\ndominant over draft sales in drinking establishments, so the brewer experimented with all sorts of packaging innovations, expanding the line after the war ended. A premium beer, called Grain Belt Premium, entered production in 1947. Conetop cans sealed with caps disappeared in the 1950s in favor of flat-top steel cans. Minneapolis Brewing company officially changed its name to Grain Belt Breweries in 1967 after purchasing the Storz Brewing Company of Omaha, Nebraska, United States, which marketed Storz Beer and Storz Tap Beer in bottles, cans and draft. Grain Belt also took over the line of the New Ulm, Minnesota-based Hauenstein", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17854622", "chunk_text": "Pull-tab\nor to a central computer which controls many sites. In Minnesota control computers are linked to the Minnesota Gambling Control Board, which oversees all of the devices. In 2010, approximately 20 states authorized and or licensed the use of pull tabs. The largest volume state in terms of dollar value sold is and has been for better than 15 years, Minnesota. In some states, no pull-tab game may offer a single prize higher than a certain amount and/or may not cost more than a certain amount. For instance, in Indiana, pull tabs cannot cost more than $1 per play, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19857904", "chunk_text": "\"Tab (drink)\"\nof further evidence that saccharin caused cancer in humans, the substance was delisted in 2000 from the U.S. National Toxicology Program’s \"\"Report on Carcinogens\"\"; this led to the repealing of the warning label requirements for products containing saccharin. In December 2010, the United States Environmental Protection Agency removed saccharin from its list of hazardous substances. Tab's popularity began to decline in 1982 with the introduction of Diet Coke, although Tab retained something of a cult following in the United States, where customers purchased about 3 million cases in 2008. In 2011, the Coca-Cola Company reported that they produced approximately 3", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10728984", "chunk_text": "\"Beverage can printing\"\nless than 37 US breweries were producing canned beer. Felinfoel Brewery Company, located at Llanelli, Wales, became the first brewery outside the United States to sell canned beer, and it was also a success. The package for this beer was called a \"\"conetop\"\". The interest in canned beer suddenly grew so fast that by 1937, 23 breweries were producing 40 brands of canned beer. World War II temporarily stopped this innovation until 1952. By this point, most breweries were using flat top cans instead. From the 1950s to the 1960s, all beer can were composed from three pieces of metal.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10728985", "chunk_text": "\"Beverage can printing\"\nTwo-piece cans hit the market in 1974. Throughout the years, innovative ideas and development slowly changed the beer can into what it is today. According to Ball Corporation, beer cans weighed 83 grams in 1951, and was then reduced to 38 grams by 1974, to what it is now today at only 21 grams. Coors examined many can coating curing methods and decided to implement an ultraviolet system, which they started to do in 1975. Coors is the only manufacturer to use the UV curing method in the United States. In 1986, they made further innovations to their UV coating", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10882550", "chunk_text": "Pull-tab\nit brings the unique features of allowing players to view the quantity of chances for each given prize value in each deal, as well as other pull tab features common to pull tab operations in Minnesota, Virginia, North Dakota and other jurisdictions. There have been several renditions of electronic pull tabs since 1990. The latest rendition was that authorized in Minnesota in the 2012 legislative session. These devices are available for use by state licensed charitable organizations. This version of an electronic pull tab uses a hand-held device, similar to a tablet computer, with a touch screen interface. All such", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11518765", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\nbottom cap. These were developed by Crown Cork & Seal (now known as Crown Holdings, Inc.), a leading drink packaging and drink can producer. Various breweries used crowntainers and conetops until the late 1950s, but many breweries kept using the simple cylindrical cans. The popularity of canned drinks was slow to catch on, as the metallic taste was difficult to overcome with the interior liner not perfected, especially with more acidic sodas. Cans had two advantages over glass bottles. First for the distributors, flat-top cans were more compact for transportation and storage and weighed less than bottles. Second for consumers,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "277426", "chunk_text": "\"Coors Brewing Company\"\nLight was introduced in 1978. The longtime slogan of \"\"Silver Bullet\"\" to describe it does not describe the beer, but rather the silver-colored can in which the beer is packaged. Coors Light was once produced in \"\"yellow-bellied\"\" cans like the full-strength Coors, but when the yellow coloring was removed and the can was left mostly silver, many dubbed the beer the \"\"Silver Bullet\"\". In 2005, Coors was rated the third largest producer of beer in the United States, and the second largest brewer in the United Kingdom through its subsidiary, Coors Brewers Limited. On July 22, 2004, the company announced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7215888", "chunk_text": "\"Can opener\"\nlocked to protect aging beers, and the monks carried keys to these lager cellars. It may have been those keys, which remotely resembled the early church key openers, that gave the \"\"church key\"\" opener its name. Another motive for assigning the device such an ironic name could have been the fact beer was first canned (for test marketing) in 1933, the same year president Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed the Cullen-Harrison Bill. This act, which predated Repeal of Prohibition, amended the Volstead Act, making 3.2% low-alcohol beer legal. Some experts have posited the term \"\"church key\"\" was in mockery of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12466951", "chunk_text": "Beer\nused for bottle conditioned beers. Many beers are sold in cans, though there is considerable variation in the proportion between different countries. In Sweden in 2001, 63.9% of beer was sold in cans. People either drink from the can or pour the beer into a glass. A technology developed by Crown Holdings for the 2010 FIFA World Cup is the 'full aperture' can, so named because the entire lid is removed during the opening process, turning the can into a drinking cup. Cans protect the beer from light (thereby preventing \"\"skunked\"\" beer) and have a seal less prone to leaking", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12466946", "chunk_text": "Beer\nfound in smaller, disposable kegs called beer balls. In traditional pubs, the pull levers for major beer brands may include the beer's logo and trademark. In the 1980s, Guinness introduced the beer widget, a nitrogen-pressurised ball inside a can which creates a dense, tight head, similar to beer served from a nitrogen system. The words \"\"draft\"\" and \"\"draught\"\" can be used as marketing terms to describe canned or bottled beers containing a beer widget, or which are cold-filtered rather than pasteurised. Cask-conditioned ales (or cask ales) are unfiltered and unpasteurised beers. These beers are termed \"\"real ale\"\" by the CAMRA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18778616", "chunk_text": "\"Bottle Tops\"\nBottle Tops Bottle Tops is a device that snaps on to most 12 & 16 ounce aluminum cans and turns it into a resealable container. It purports to also keep carbonation in the can, though that is disputable. The product is currently marketed by Telebrands, one of the leading Direct-response marketing companies. Originally named the Snap Capp, the product was invented in Medford, Oregon by David Gran and Carl Stufflet (a heating and air-conditioning service manager), who became frustrated over repeatedly spilling his beer during a Disc golf competition. While camping later that day, Mr. Stufflet took out a knife", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14033269", "chunk_text": "\"Pull-off bottle cap\"\nPull-off bottle cap The RingCrown (also known as RipCap, Ring-pull closure or pull off caps) is a bottle closure that can be opened without any tools. It has a ring that can be pulled in order to detach the cap from the bottle. The cap splits along scores in the cap, therefore loosens and can be removed from the bottle. Drink companies use ring pull caps to differentiate themselves from competitors. ALKA, the predecessor of the modern ring-pull caps, was introduced during the 1930s. ALKA had a seal made of natural cork. It became popular in Nordic countries and Mediterranean", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17516867", "chunk_text": "\"Miller Lite\"\n\"\"Lite\"\" packaging on its cans for a limited time (the original 1972 cans used a light-blue script logo). However, the vintage packaging was such a success that by September 2014, the company decided to switch back to the vintage packaging full-time, including on bottles and tap handles, mirroring the unexpected success that PepsiCo had in 2009 with its Pepsi Throwback & Mountain Dew Throwback lines in tapping into the retro-themed packaging market. The unexpected sales increase, combined with wanting to differentiate the packaging from Bud Light, were factors in the decision, with some consumers even stating that Miller actually improved", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "163677", "chunk_text": "\"Drink can\"\n3,570, down from a peak of 11,954 in 1978. Just 19 of the members were under the age of 30, and the members' average age had increased to 59. Drink can A drink can (or beverage can) is a metal container designed to hold a fixed portion of liquid such as carbonated soft drinks, alcoholic drinks, fruit juices, teas, herbal teas, energy drinks, etc. Drink cans are made of aluminium (75% of worldwide production) or tin-plated steel (25% worldwide production). Worldwide production for all drink cans is approximately 370 billion cans per year worldwide. The first commercial beer available in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17647398", "chunk_text": "\"Oregon Bottle Bill\"\nand some of the public cooperated with. Inspired by the early Vermont bottle return system before it was repealed, Oregon's limited system paid 1 cent for beer bottles and cans and 3 cents for soda bottles and cans, and was started in the mid-1950s, and lasted through the rest of the 50s, throughout the 1960s and into the early 70s until the more formal and expanded Bottle Bill was enacted. The emphasis was on bottles, as bottlers were washed and re-used for fresh product sold to the public before health laws were enacted that stopped the re-wash system. And because", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17854613", "chunk_text": "Pull-tab\nPull-tab A pull-tab is a gambling ticket that is sold as a means to play a pull-tab game. Other name for the game include Break-Opens, Nevada Tickets, Cherry Bells, Lucky 7s, Pickle Cards, Instant Bingo, Bowl Games, or Popp-Opens. Physical pull-tab tickets are multi-layered paper tickets containing symbols hidden behind perforated tabs. The object of the ticket is to open the perforated windows on the ticket and reveal a winning combination. The winning pull-tab ticket is turned in for a prize. Electronic analogues have also been created. A pull-tab is a gambling ticket that is sold as a means to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3585795", "chunk_text": "\"Oskar Blues Brewery\"\ncompanies produced canned craft beers prior to Oskar Blues, although the canning was done by larger companies under contract. Regardless of the first, by 2011 about 50 U.S. craft brewers were issuing craft beer in cans. In 2009, Oskar Blues Brewery sponsored an event called \"\"Burning Can\"\" which brought together other craft brewers who were using cans for their beers. In 2012 Oskar Blues Brewery began using resealable aluminum containers for craft beer. \"\"Advertising Age\"\" named them one of the hottest brands of the year in 2010; \"\"Inc.\"\" magazine put them on the list of fastest-growing companies and they were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5112756", "chunk_text": "\"Cone top\"\nCone top A cone top (also called a cap-sealed can, cone-top, or conetop) is a type of can, especially a type of beverage can, introduced in 1935. Cone tops were designed in response to flat top beer cans as a hybrid between beer bottle and flat top can. Cone tops were especially attractive to smaller breweries which did not have the capital necessary to buy new canning machinery; cone tops could be filled on standard bottling equipment. Because they were typically made with steel, beverage cans faded out during the metal shortages of World War II. They were continued after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7508162", "chunk_text": "\"Anheuser-Busch brands\"\nto October 2008. The company introduced \"\"Michelob Light\"\" in 1978. \"\"Michelob Classic Dark\"\" was made available in 1981 in kegs, with a bottled version following three years later. In 1991, \"\"Michelob Golden Draft\"\" was introduced to compete against \"\"Miller Genuine Draft\"\" in the Midwest. 1997 saw the introduction of several specialty beers under the Michelob marquee. These include: \"\"AmberBock\"\" is a 5.1% ABV amber lager which uses roasted black barley malt in the ingredients, and which received a World Beer Cup Bronze Medal in 1998. From the beginning, the specialty beers have had a very limited distribution. The chief outlet", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10838995", "chunk_text": "\"Gel bracelet\"\nfellating their classmates, leaving an array of colors on their penises. Other tales of teenage sex parties have circulated at various times. Folklorist Barbara Mikkelson of snopes.com associates the \"\"sex bracelet\"\" stories with similar ones of the past. In the 1970s, pulltabs from aluminum cans and labels from beer bottles were supposedly considered \"\"sex coupons\"\" and obligated any girl presented with one to sleep with the bearer; by the 1990s the rumors shifted to include an assortment of plastic items, including some worn as bracelets. According to Mikkelson, there is likely little truth behind the stories, and the vast majority", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17155693", "chunk_text": "\"Beer bottle\"\nthe shape of a beer stein, which was emphasized in marketing. The bottles are sometimes made with thick glass so that the bottle can be cleaned and reused before being recycled. The capacity of a stubby is generally somewhere between . The Canadian stubby bottle was traditionally while the U.S. longneck was . Some of the expected advantages of stubby bottles are: ease of handling; less breakage; lighter in weight; less storage space; and lower center of gravity. After the relaxation of Prohibition in the U.S. in 1936, many breweries began marketing beer in steel cans. The glass industry responded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2432466", "chunk_text": "\"Ermal C. Fraze\"\nthe industries, e.g.: the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, General Electric and Ford. Fraze patented many of his innovations and would go on to obtain a degree at Kettering University. In 1959, while at a picnic with friends and family, Fraze had left his \"\"church key\"\" can opener at home and had to use a car bumper to open the drinks. The old way of opening a can required a separate opener. Fraze decided to create an improved beverage opening method that would eliminate the need for a separate device. This led to his creation of the pull-tab opener. His", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11417101", "chunk_text": "\"Low-alcohol beer\"\nProhibition. Since removing the alcohol from the beer requires just one simple extra step, many breweries saw it as an easy change. In 1933, when Prohibition was repealed, breweries easily removed this extra step. By the 1980s and 1990s, growing concerns about alcoholism led to the growing popularity of \"\"light\"\" beers. In the 2010s, breweries have focused on marketing low-alcohol beers to counter the popularity of homebrew. Declining consumption has also led to the introduction of mass-market non-alcoholic beverages, dubbed as \"\"near beer\"\". At the start of the 21st century, alcohol-free beer has seen a rise in popularity in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17647404", "chunk_text": "\"Oregon Bottle Bill\"\nbanned non-returnables and placed a five-cent deposit on bottles and cans containing beer, malt beverage, mineral and soda waters and carbonated soft drinks. More than 20 corporations sent lobbyists (some from the eastern United States) to fight the bill, and rumors of bribing state legislators circulated. Oregon legislators were put off by what they considered condescending Eastern tactics. One senator detailed her offer of a bribe while speaking on the Senate floor, which helped strengthen support for the Bottle Bill. The law into effect on October 1, 1972. In 1974, the state reported that litter of beverage containers had been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19857898", "chunk_text": "\"Tab (drink)\"\nTab (drink) Tab (stylized as TaB) is a diet cola soft drink produced by The Coca-Cola Company, introduced in 1963. Coca-Cola's first diet drink, Tab was notably popular throughout the 1960s and 1970s, and several variations were made, including a number of fruit-flavored, root beer, and ginger ale versions. Caffeine-free and clear variations were released in the late-1980s and early-1990s. Following studies in the early 1970s that linked saccharin, Tab's main sweetener, with bladder cancer in rats, the United States Congress mandated warning labels on products containing the sweetener. The label requirement was later repealed when no evidence was found", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_270	what is the poorest county in the state of florida?	n/a	[ "Union" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14241659", "chunk_text": "Florida\ncapita income varies widely by geographic region and profession. North Florida and the rural counties of the Florida Panhandle are the most impoverished in the state. Florida has a poverty rate of 14.0%, the seventeenth lowest of any state in the country. Many coastal cities include some of the wealthiest per-capita areas in the United States. In 2018, there were more than 427,824 millionaires in the state, the fourth highest state in the nation. For 2018–19, the approved state budget is $88.7 billion, a 4.4% increase over the current 2017-18 budget of $84.9 billion. Chief Executive Magazine named Florida the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1107639", "chunk_text": "Florida\n\"\"non-tipped\"\" positions, which was higher than the federal rate of $7.25. Florida has 2 cities in the top 25 cities in the U.S. with the highest average credit card debt, Miami and Tampa. The poverty rate in Florida is 14% in 2018. This is down from a peak of 17.1% in 2012. In the early 20th century, land speculators discovered Florida, and businessmen such as Henry Plant and Henry Flagler developed railroad systems, which led people to move in, drawn by the weather and local economies. From then on, tourism boomed, fueling a cycle of development that overwhelmed a great", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10996897", "chunk_text": "\"Okeechobee County, Florida\"\na family was $35,163. Males had a median income of $25,574 versus $20,160 for females. The per capita income for the county was $14,553. About 11.80% of families and 16.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.90% of those under age 18 and 10.30% of those age 65 or over. Okeechobee County is part of the Heartland Library Cooperative which has 7 branches that serve Okeechobee county and some of the surrounding counties, including Glades, Highlands, Hardee, and DeSoto. Okeechobee County, Florida Okeechobee County () is a county located in the state of Florida. As of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18465488", "chunk_text": "\"Brevard County, Florida\"\nin 2009. The area had 23,096 high-tech jobs with a ratio of 124 per 1,000 total jobs. In December 2010, \"\"Forbes\"\" magazine ranked the area as the worst in the country for finding a job, for the second time in 2010. As of the census of 2000: The county ranked 17th for per capita income, out of Florida's 67 counties. The following were below the poverty line in 2000: In 2012, 79,621 people in the county were receiving food stamps. In 2010, there were 5,600 civilian government workers in the county. They earned an average of $74,000 each in 2009.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4485496", "chunk_text": "\"Indian River County, Florida\"\nIndian River County, Florida Indian River County is a county located in the Treasure Coast region of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the population was 138,028. Its seat is Vero Beach. It is Florida's 7th richest county and in 2000 was the 87th richest county in the U.S. by per capita income. Indian River County comprises the Sebastian-Vero Beach, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, Florida Combined Statistical Area. Prior to 1821 the area of Indian River County was part of the Spanish colony of East Florida. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2944908", "chunk_text": "\"Palm Beach County, Florida\"\nMales had a median income of $44,324 versus $37,337 for females. The per capita income for the county was $33,610. About 8.6% of families and 12.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.5% of those under age 18 and 7.7% of those aged 65 or over. Tourists visit during these annual events Tourists patronize these sites: The Florida Department of Corrections operates the Glades Correctional Institution in an unincorporated area in Palm Beach County near Belle Glade. The county is governed by a Board of Commissioners. The Board consists of seven commissioners, who are all elected from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20892721", "chunk_text": "\"Indian River County, Florida\"\nincome of $30,870 versus $23,379 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,227. About 6.30% of families and 9.30% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.60% of those under age 18 and 5.70% of those age 65 or over. GoLine is Indian River County's main method of public transportation. The program was introduced in 1994 to provide an alternative option to driving. Due to County population increases in the early and mid 2000's, Indian River County devised a series of bus routes from Barefoot Bay in southern Brevard County to the south end of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20890774", "chunk_text": "\"Flagler County, Florida\"\nFor every 100 females, there were 92.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.90 males. The median income for a household in the county was $40,214, and the median income for a family was $45,625. Males had a median income of $31,184 versus $24,865 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,879. About 6.70% of families and 8.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.70% of those under age 18 and 4.40% of those age 65 or over. Flagler county was ranked the fastest-growing county in the nation by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18064558", "chunk_text": "\"Union County, Florida\"\nUnion County, Florida Union County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida, the smallest in the state. As of the 2010 census, the population was 15,535. The county seat is Lake Butler. With a per capita income of $18,255 (as of 2017), it is the third-poorest county in the United States. Union County was created in 1921 from part of Bradford County. It was named to honor the concept of unity. Union County is the location of Union Correctional Institution and the Reception and Medical Center (RMC). Union CI is a maximum security prison and is home to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18465487", "chunk_text": "\"Brevard County, Florida\"\nin the bottom fifth of the nation's top metro areas, based on unemployment, gross metropolitan product, housing prices and foreclosed properties. Foreclosures reached a monthly high of 963 in March 2009. The county reached an annual high foreclosure in 2009 of 9,772. In December 2010, \"\"Forbes\"\" magazine rated the area the worst place in America to find a job. Government purchasing contributed 12–15% of the county's gross domestic product from 2000 to 2010. Though the area has a relatively small number of high technology companies, 736, a business journal ranked it eighth in the country as a high tech center", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16591419", "chunk_text": "\"Union County, Florida\"\nmedian income of $28,571 versus $22,083 for females. The county's per capita income was $12,333. About 10.50% of families and 14.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.60% of those under age 18 and 16.20% of those age 65 or over. The Florida Department of Corrections (FDOC) operates Region II Correctional Facility Office in an unincorporated area in Union County. FDOC also maintains the Union Correctional Institution in an unincorporated area in the county. Union Correctional Institution houses one of two death rows for men in Florida. The Union Juvenile Residential Facility of the Florida Department of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "629009", "chunk_text": "\"Broward County, Florida\"\na household in the county was $41,691, and the median income for a family was $50,531. Males had a median income of $36,741 versus $28,529 for females. The per capita income for the county was $23,170. About 8.7% of families and 11.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.3% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over. As of 2005, Broward County led the nation's metropolitan areas in new AIDS diagnoses, with a reported rate 58.4 new AIDS diagnoses per 100,000 people. County officials think the numbers may stem from a new", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4637501", "chunk_text": "\"Florida City, Florida\"\nFlorida City, Florida Florida City is a city in Miami-Dade County, Florida, United States and is the southernmost municipality in the South Florida metropolitan area. Florida City is primarily a Miami suburb and a major agricultural area. The city lies to the south and west of, and is contiguous with, Homestead. Both cities suffered catastrophic damage in August 1992 when Hurricane Andrew struck South Florida. The city originated as a land promotion named Detroit. There were no buildings in the area when the first thirty families arrived in 1910, and they had to stay in Homestead until their houses could", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4485503", "chunk_text": "\"Indian River County, Florida\"\nFlorida counties where he did so. Indian River County, Florida Indian River County is a county located in the Treasure Coast region of the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the population was 138,028. Its seat is Vero Beach. It is Florida's 7th richest county and in 2000 was the 87th richest county in the U.S. by per capita income. Indian River County comprises the Sebastian-Vero Beach, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Port St. Lucie, Florida Combined Statistical Area. Prior to 1821 the area of Indian River County was part of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17029017", "chunk_text": "\"Charlotte County, Florida\"\n34, 17.50% from 35 to 64, and 34.12% who are 65 years of age or older (making this the county with the highest percentage of people over 65 in America). The median age is 56.43 years. For every 100 females there were 94.58 males. The median income for a household (2007-2011) in the county was $45,112; median income for families (2007-2011) was $47,415. Males (2011) had a median income of $27,352 versus $26,861 for females. The per capita income for the county was $28,875. About 5.30% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.40%", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9124677", "chunk_text": "\"Astatula, Florida\"\ntown was $31,625, and the median income for a family was $33,393. Males had a median income of $26,602 versus $20,313 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,832. About 6.8% of families and 8.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.6% of those under age 18 and 4.9% of those age 65 or over. Astatula, Florida Astatula is a town in Lake County, Florida, United States. The population was 1,298 at the 2000 census. The Census Bureau had estimated the population in 2008 to be 1,831. It is part of the Orlando–Kissimmee–Sanford Metropolitan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4485431", "chunk_text": "\"Highlands County, Florida\"\nwere Hispanic or Latino of any race. 51.3% of the entire population are female. The median household income was $35,560 with 20.1% of the population being below the poverty level from 2009-2013. The poverty line for Florida was $11,490 in 2013. As of the census of 2000, there were 87,366 people, 37,471 households, and 25,780 families residing in the county. The population density was 85.00 people per square mile (32.82/km²). There were 48,846 housing units at an average density of 47.5 per square mile (18.34/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 83.47% White, 9.33% Black or African American, 0.44%", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4926514", "chunk_text": "\"Effects of Hurricane Irma in Florida\"\namended to designate 39 additional counties as eligible for individual assistance, those counties were: Alachua, Baker, Bradford, Brevard, Broward, Citrus, Clay, Columbia, DeSoto, Dixie, Duval, Flagler, Gilchrist, Glades, Hardee, Hendry, Hernando, Highlands, Indian River, Lafayette, Lake, Levy, Marion, Martin, Nassau, Okeechobee, Orange, Osceola, Palm Beach, Pasco, Polk, Putnam, Seminole, St. Johns, St. Lucie, Sumter, Suwannee, Union, and Volusia. Upon the individual assistance application deadline on November 24, 752,034 applications for individual assistance had been accepted, with over $946.2 million approved for individual and households program. Some victims of the hurricane received aid through several other federal agencies. By December 19,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2143954", "chunk_text": "\"South Florida\"\nfor a new state of South Florida to be formed from Palm Beach, Broward, Miami-Dade and Monroe Counties. In 2014, the City of South Miami passed a resolution in favor of splitting the state in half, with a northern boundary drawn to include the counties of Brevard, Orange, Polk, Hillsborough, and Pinellas (roughly the Tampa Bay and Orlando areas). In total, the proposed State of South Florida would have included 24 counties. South Florida South Florida (colloquially and locally known as SoFlo) is a geographic and cultural region that generally comprises Florida's southernmost counties, and is the fourth most populous", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10821720", "chunk_text": "\"Targeted Employment Area\"\nTEAs. The state of Florida maintains a list of Targeted Employment Areas, of which there are currently 33. Rural areas included are Bradford County, Calhoun County, Citrus County, Columbia County, DeSoto County, Dixie County, Franklin County, Glades County, Gulf County, Hamilton County, Hardee County, Hendry County, Jackson County, Lafayette County, Levy County, Liberty County, Madison County, Monroe County (excluding Key West), Okeechobee County, Putnam County, Sumter County, Suwannee County, Taylor County, Union County, Walton County, and Washington County. The list of non-rural high-unemployment areas is subject to regular change based on fluctuations in unemployment rate. The list in August 2012", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2201088", "chunk_text": "\"Broward County, Florida\"\nAbout 11.2% of families and 14.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.9% of those under the age 18 and 12.6% of those aged 65 or over. U.S. Census Bureau 2010 Ethnic/Race Demographics: In 2010, 4.7% of the population considered themselves to be of only \"\"American\"\" ancestry (regardless of race or ethnicity.) , Haitians made up the largest population of immigrants, with Jamaicans coming in second, Colombians in third, followed by Cuban exiled refugees in fourth place, then Peruvians, Venezuelans, Brazilians, Dominicans, Canadians, and Mexicans being the tenth highest group of expatriates. The county also houses many", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4485534", "chunk_text": "\"Jefferson County, Florida\"\nwere below the poverty line, including 21.70% of those under age 18 and 17.00% of those age 65 or over. Jefferson County is one of only a handful of counties in the Florida Panhandle that usually favors the Democratic Party. In 2016 it flipped and Donald Trump won the county. The Jefferson County School District is the only one in Florida operating under a declared \"\"financial emergency\"\" due to budget deficits. On April 23, 2009, the Florida Department of Education took over financial oversight of the district. Jefferson County's library is the R.J. Bailar Public Library, which works with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12846967", "chunk_text": "Florida\nthird \"\"Best State for Business\"\" in 2011. In 2017, Florida's per capita personal income was $47,684, ranking 26th in the nation. The state's unemployment rate in September 2018 was 3.5% and ranked as the 18th lowest in the United States. Florida is one of seven states that do not impose a personal income tax. In 2017, Florida had a personal income of $1,000,624,065(in thousands of dollars). This personal income ranked 4th in the United States. Florida's constitution establishes a state minimum wage that is adjusted for inflation annually. , Florida's minimum wage was $5.08 for \"\"tipped positions\"\", and $8.10 for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3794713", "chunk_text": "\"Pasco County, Florida\"\nwere 92.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.10 males. The median income for a household in the county was $32,969, and the median income for a family was $39,568. Males had a median income of $30,974 versus $23,802 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,439. About 7.60% of families and 10.70% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.20% of those under age 18 and 7.70% of those age 65 or over. Though the county seat is in Dade City, duplicate county government offices and court facilities are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17322824", "chunk_text": "\"Glades County, Florida\"\nLibrary Cooperative which has 7 branches that serve Glades county and some of the surrounding counties, including DeSoto, Highlands, Hardee, and Okeechobee. Glades County, Florida Glades County is a county located in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,884, making it the fourth-least populous county in Florida. Its county seat is Moore Haven. Indigenous people lived in this area for thousands of years. Due to warfare and exposure to infectious diseases after European contact, native tribes became depopulated. In the eighteenth century, when the area was under Spanish rule, Native American peoples of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13452141", "chunk_text": "Florida\nAugustine, the oldest continuously occupied European-established settlement within the borders of the United States. Florida overall was ranked the 7th best state in America for educating students at all levels by \"\"U.S. News & World Report\"\" in 2018. With an educational system made up of public school districts and independent private institutions, Florida had 2,833,115 students enrolled in 4,269 public primary, secondary, and vocational schools in Florida's 67 regular or 7 special school districts . Miami-Dade County is the largest of Florida's 67 regular districts with over 350 thousand students and Jefferson is the smallest with less than one thousand", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12846977", "chunk_text": "Florida\nall levels was a top employer in all counties in the state, because this classification includes public school teachers and other school staff. School boards employ nearly 1 of every 30 workers in the state. The federal military was the top employer in three counties. Florida has many seaports that serve container ships, tank ships, and cruise lines. Major ports in Florida include Port Tampa Bay in Tampa, Port Everglades in Fort Lauderdale, Port of Jacksonville in Jacksonville, PortMiami in Miami, Port Canaveral in Brevard County, Port Manatee in Manatee County, and Port of Palm Beach in Riviera Beach. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18465469", "chunk_text": "\"Brevard County, Florida\"\nhousehold in the county was $49,523, and the median income for a family was $60,842. Males had a median income of $48,191 versus $33,276 for females. The per capita income for the county was $27,606. About 7.2% of families and 10.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.4% of those under age 18 and 6.9% of those aged 65 or over. In 2010, 8.6% of the county's population was foreign born, with 59.4% being naturalized American citizens. Of foreign-born residents, 49.1% were born in Latin America, 22.9% were born in Europe, 18.3% born in Asia, 6.4% in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16591473", "chunk_text": "\"Walton County, Florida\"\nfrom 25 to 44, 26.90% from 45 to 64, and 15.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 105.20 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 105.00 males. The median income for a household in the county was $32,407, and the median income for a family was $37,663. Males had a median income of $26,799 versus $21,208 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,198. About 11.60% of families and 14.40% of the population were below the poverty line, including", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2942829", "chunk_text": "\"Polk County, Florida\"\na median income of $37,768 versus $30,655 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,881. About 11.5% of families and 15.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.5% of those under age 18 and 8.7% of those aged 65 or over. In 2010, 10.7% of the county's population was foreign-born, with 37.8% being naturalized American citizens. Of foreign-born residents, 70.4% were born in Latin America, 11.5% were born in Europe, 10.2% born in Asia, 4.9% in North America, 2.6% born in Africa, and 0.4% were born in Oceania. As of the census of 2000,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20890825", "chunk_text": "\"Glades County, Florida\"\nGlades County, Florida Glades County is a county located in the U.S. state of Florida. As of the 2010 census, the population was 12,884, making it the fourth-least populous county in Florida. Its county seat is Moore Haven. Indigenous people lived in this area for thousands of years. Due to warfare and exposure to infectious diseases after European contact, native tribes became depopulated. In the eighteenth century, when the area was under Spanish rule, Native American peoples of Creek and other tribes migrated into present-day Florida from Georgia. Africans and African Americans who escaped from slavery and shipwrecks also migrated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15380954", "chunk_text": "\"Florida Ridge, Florida\"\nand the median income for a family was $43,395. Males had a median income of $29,104 versus $21,753 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,671. About 6.4% of families and 9.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.0% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over. Florida Ridge, Florida Florida Ridge is a census-designated place (CDP) in Indian River County, Florida, United States. The population was 18,164 at the 2010 census. Florida Ridge is part of the Sebastian–Vero Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area. Florida Ridge is located at (27.574529,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11063267", "chunk_text": "\"Food for the Poor\"\nFood for the Poor Food For The Poor, Inc. (FFP) is an ecumenical Christian nonprofit organization based in Coconut Creek, Florida, United States that provides food, medicine, and shelter, among other services, to the poor in Latin America and the Caribbean. Food For The Poor, Inc. is a 501(c)(3) corporation. In 1982, Ferdinand Mahfood began Food For The Poor Since 1982, Food For The Poor has distributed more than $12 billion worth of food, medicine, housing materials, water and other aid to the poor of the Caribbean and Latin America. In 2007, the charity migrated its headquarters from Deerfield Beach,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7440835", "chunk_text": "\"Florida State Courts System\"\nis greater than $15,000, as well as appeals from county courts. Circuit courts also have jurisdiction over domestic relations, juvenile dependency, juvenile delinquency, and probate matters. Florida has several judicial circuits. Miami-Dade, Broward, Monroe, Palm Beach and Hillsborough are the only counties that are coterminous with their respective judicial circuits. In the rest of the state, a single judicial circuit encompasses multiple counties within its jurisdiction. The Florida county courts have original jurisdiction over misdemeanor criminal cases, including violations of county and municipal ordinances, and in civil cases whose value in controversy does not exceed $15,000. The Chief Justice of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1107641", "chunk_text": "Florida\nof 2009, there were 278,189 delinquent loans, 80,327 foreclosures. Sales of existing homes in February 2010 was 11,890, up 21% from the same month in 2009. Only two metropolitan areas showed a decrease in homes sold: Panama City and Brevard County. The average sales price for an existing house was $131,000, 7% decrease from the prior year. Tourism makes up one of the largest sectors of the state economy, with nearly 1.4 million people employed in the tourism industry in 2016 (a record for the state, surpassing the 1.2 million employment from 2015). In 2015, Florida broke the 100-million visitor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2922233", "chunk_text": "\"Lake County, Florida\"\nolder. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.10 males. The median income for a household in the county was $36,903, and the median income for a family was $42,577. Males had a median income of $31,475 versus $23,545 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,199. About 6.90% of families and 9.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.80% of those under age 18 and 6.30% of those age 65 or over. Lake County is represented", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16591372", "chunk_text": "\"Seminole County, Florida\"\n65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.90 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.90 males. The median income for a household in the county was $49,326, and the median income for a family was $56,895. Males had a median income of $40,001 versus $28,217 for females. The per capita income for the county was $24,591. About 5.1% of families and 7.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.6% of those under age 18 and 6.6% of those age 65 or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11063268", "chunk_text": "\"Food for the Poor\"\nFlorida to Coconut Creek, Florida. As of 2010, Food For The Poor employs more than 300 people out of its Coconut Creek location, in addition to employing members of the Clergy as speakers across the United States. The President of Food For The Poor is Robin G. Mahfood. The Executive Director is Angel A. Aloma Food for the Poor aids the poor through donations of money and supplies, mostly from the United States. A majority of the organization's revenue is from donated goods. In 2016, 95.6% of all donations, including donated goods, to Food For The Poor went directly to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18465443", "chunk_text": "\"Bradford County, Florida\"\nfemales. The per capita income for the county was $14,226. About 11.10% of families and 14.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.30% of those under age 18 and 17.60% of those age 65 or over. The Florida Department of Corrections operates several correctional facilities in unincorporated areas. The facilities include Florida State Prison, Florida State Prison – West Unit, and New River Correctional Institution. Florida State Prison houses one of Florida's two male death rows and the State of Florida execution chamber. According to the Secretary of State's office, Republicans hold a narrow plurality among registered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20143760", "chunk_text": "\"Inequality in disease\"\nindividuals such as children, families,senior citizens, and veterans that do not know when they will have a chance to have another meal again. Nearly 60 percent of the food that is consumed in Duval County is processed. To combat this, agencies helped distribute food and they averaged 12.3 million meals over eight counties in Northern Florida. In Duval alone, 3.5 million meals were handed out to families. The image below shows all of the hunger-relief partner agencies located within Jacksonville's food deserts that get food from Feeding Northeast Florida. In all Feeding Northeast Florida provided 4.2 million pounds of food", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "629046", "chunk_text": "\"Citrus County, Florida\"\n$28,091 versus $21,408 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,585. Around 11.70% of the population and 8.50% of families were below the poverty line; 18.10% of those under the age of 18 and 7.00% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line. More than one-third of residents were senior citizens in 2014. Health care dominates the work force. One rail line operates within the county: A freight line to the Crystal River Energy Complex in northern Citrus County. Other lines that used to run through Citrus were either converted into rail trails such", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16591420", "chunk_text": "\"Union County, Florida\"\nJuvenile Justice is in an unincorporated area in Union County. Union County School District serves the county. The Union County Public Library serves the county. The branch is at 250 SE 5th Avenue, Lake Butler, Florida 32054. Its director is Mary C. Brown. The branch is open Monday, Wednesday–Friday 9 am–6 pm, Tuesday 9 am–8 pm, and Saturday 9 am–3 pm. Union County, Florida Union County is a county in the U.S. state of Florida, the smallest in the state. As of the 2010 census, the population was 15,535. The county seat is Lake Butler. With a per capita income", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20890858", "chunk_text": "\"Hardee County, Florida\"\nfrom 25 to 44, 19.20% from 45 to 64, and 13.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 119.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 123.00 males. The median income for a household in the county was $30,183, and the median income for a family was $32,487. Males had a median income of $23,793 versus $18,823 for females. The per capita income for the county was $12,445. About 17.00% of families and 24.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2922392", "chunk_text": "\"Manatee County, Florida\"\ncounty was $38,673, and the median income for a family was $46,576. Males had a median income of $31,607 versus $25,007 for females. The per capita income for the county was $22,388. About 7.10% of families and 10.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.30% of those under age 18 and 6.20% of those age 65 or over. Bealls of Florida has its headquarters and was founded 1915 in unincorporated Manatee County. Tropicana was founded here in the 1950s. They were later bought by PepsiCo but continue to produce products there today. The Manatee County Public Library", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8313665", "chunk_text": "\"Homelessness in the United States by state\"\nbe unconstitutional. Tampa's 2013 ordinance, which completely banned panhandling in the downtown area, was ruled unconstitutional by a federal judge in 2016. The city of Sarasota also revised its panhandling and solicitation laws in response to this decision. A less punitive approach and increased focus on social services will arguably produce better results in the long term for Florida's begging population. Miami-Dade County Sex Offender Homelessness A special problem exists in Miami-Dade County, in which restrictive local legislation makes it almost impossible for sex offenders to find legal housing. About 300 are homeless as of 2018 (see Julia Tuttle Causeway", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17322717", "chunk_text": "\"Duval County, Florida\"\n$49,463, and the median income for a family was $60,114. Males had a median income of $42,752 versus $34,512 for females. The per capita income for the county was $25,854. About 10.4% of families and 14.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.3% of those under age 18 and 9.6% of those aged 65 or over. In 2010, 9.0% of the county's population was foreign born, with 49.5% being naturalized American citizens. Of foreign-born residents, 38.2% were born in Latin America, 35.6% born in Asia, 17.9% were born in Europe, 5.8% born in Africa, 2.0% in North", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2473980", "chunk_text": "\"Seminole, Florida\"\n$20,951. About 5.1% of families and 9.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.7% of those under age 18 and 9.7% of those age 65 or over. In 2010 the mean income for a household in the city was $45,730, and the median income for a family was $63,260. The per capita income for the city was $29,862. Seminole, Florida Seminole is a city in Pinellas County, Florida, United States. The population was 17,233 at the 2010 census, up from 10,890 in 2000. St. Petersburg College has a campus in the city. The first white settlement at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2942832", "chunk_text": "\"Polk County, Florida\"\nand 18.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 96.30 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.10 males. The median income for a household in the county was $36,036, and the median income for a family was $41,442. Males had a median income of $31,396, versus $22,406 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,302. 12.90% of the population and 9.40% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 19.10% were under the age of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5359757", "chunk_text": "\"Hutchinson Island South, Florida\"\nthe CDP was $43,329, and the median income for a family was $49,978. Males had a median income of $47,150 versus $27,679 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $37,575. About 2.4% of families and 4.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over. Hutchinson Island South, Florida Hutchinson Island South is a census-designated place (CDP) on the barrier island of Hutchinson Island in St. Lucie County, Florida, United States. The \"\"South\"\" in its name refers to its location in the southern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7532744", "chunk_text": "\"Florida, Montgomery County, New York\"\na family was $49,100. Males had a median income of $29,917 versus $26,944 for females. The per capita income for the town was $18,246. About 4.3% of families and 4.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.8% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over. Florida, Montgomery County, New York Florida is a town south of the Mohawk River in Montgomery County, New York, United States. The population was 2,696 in the 2010 United States Census. The town was named after the state of Florida. It is located in the eastern end", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_271	when was the last time arsenal win premier league?	n/a	[ "2003–04" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614170", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nwon the Premier League since its formation in 1992. They hold the highest number of FA Cup trophies, with 13. The club is one of only six clubs to have won the FA Cup twice in succession, in 2002 and 2003, and 2014 and 2015. Arsenal have achieved three League and FA Cup \"\"Doubles\"\" (in 1971, 1998 and 2002), a feat only previously achieved by Manchester United (in 1994, 1996 and 1999). They were the first side in English football to complete the FA Cup and League Cup double, in 1993. Arsenal were also the first London club to reach", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614171", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nthe final of the UEFA Champions League, in 2006, losing the final 2–1 to Barcelona. Arsenal have one of the best top-flight records in history, having finished below fourteenth only seven times. They have won the second most top flight league matches in English football, and have also accumulated the second most points, whether calculated by two points per win or by the contemporary points value. They have been in the top flight for the most consecutive seasons (92 as of 2017–18). Arsenal also have the highest average league finishing position for the 20th century, with an average league placement", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19043060", "chunk_text": "\"Football in England\"\nbest English clubs, their only subsequent major trophy being the League Cup in 2002, and they have never finished higher than sixth in the Premier League since their 1995 title triumph. They endured a two-year exile from the Premier League after being relegated in 1999, and since their second relegation in 2012 they have still yet to gain promotion. Under Arsène Wenger, Arsenal have so far been Premier League champions three times; in 1998, 2002 and 2004. On the first two occasions, they completed the double of the league title and FA Cup, while on the third occasion they won", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614134", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\ntie the following season. Arsenal later won the FA Cup for a record 13th time, defeating Chelsea 2–1 in the 2017 final and once more becoming the outright leader in terms of FA Cups won. The victory also saw Wenger become the first manager in English football history to win seven FA Cups. However, in that same season, Arsenal finished in the fifth position in the league, the first time they had finished outside the top four since before Wenger arrived in 1996. After another unspectacular league season the following year, Wenger announced his departure from the club on 20", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3958507", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\nteam managed by José Mourinho, his 14th attempt, while finishing third in the league. For the following season, Arsenal gradually progressed upon their league form, eventually becoming runners-up in 2016. In order to capture that ever-elusive Premier League title for the first time in 12 years, the club spent heavily in the transfer market in the summer of 2016, spending over £80 million on four first-team acquisitions, namely capturing Shkodran Mustafi and Granit Xhaka, who operate as a central defender and central midfielder, respectively. Both positions were long deemed problem positions in the team, with the hope Arsenal could push", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614133", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\n2011 League Cups, losing 2–1 to Chelsea and Birmingham City respectively. The club had not gained a major trophy since the 2005 FA Cup until 17 May 2014 when, spearheaded by then club-record acquisition Mesut Özil, Arsenal beat Hull City in the 2014 FA Cup Final, coming back from a 2–0 deficit to win the match 3–2. A year later, Arsenal appeared in the FA Cup final for the second time in a row, defeating Aston Villa 4–0 in the final and becoming the most successful club in the tournament's history with 12 titles, a record which Manchester United would", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3230760", "chunk_text": "\"Premier League\"\nSix of them have won the title since then: Manchester United (13), Chelsea (5), Arsenal (3), Manchester City (3), Blackburn Rovers (1), and Leicester City (1). Following the 2003–04 season, Arsenal acquired the nickname \"\"The Invincibles\"\" as they became, and still remain, the only club to complete a Premier League campaign without losing a single game. The record of most points in a Premier League season is 100 by Manchester City in 2017–18. Despite significant European success in the 1970s and early 1980s, the late 1980s marked a low point for English football. Stadiums were crumbling, supporters endured poor facilities,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614169", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nwill go to Real Madrid Foundation projects that are aimed at the most vulnerable children. In addition there will be a return meeting on 8 September 2018 at the Emirates stadium where proceeds will go towards the Arsenal foundation. Arsenal's tally of 13 League Championships is the third highest in English football, after Manchester United (20) and Liverpool (18), and they were the first club to reach a seventh and an eighth League Championship. As of May 2016, they are one of only six teams, the others being Manchester United, Blackburn Rovers, Chelsea, Manchester City and Leicester City, to have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5195546", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.–Chelsea F.C. rivalry\"\n1950s, with Arsenal winning both times. In the 1960s Chelsea dominated the tie with 14 wins, two draws and just two losses during the decade. The clubs have contested three major finals: the 2002 FA Cup Final, which Arsenal won 2–0, the 2007 Football League Cup Final, which Chelsea won 2–1, and the 2017 FA Cup Final, which Arsenal won 2–1. The two teams have also met in the UEFA Champions League in the quarter-finals in 2003–04, drawing 1–1 at Stamford Bridge, and Chelsea winning 2–1 at Highbury to go through to the semi-finals. In 2006, the transfer of Ashley", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614135", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nApril 2018, after 22 years as manager. His decision was met by responses of praise throughout English and world football from many pundits and former players, who also thanked him for developing them as people. His final home match in charge was a 5–0 win over Burnley where his entrance was met to a standing ovation by supporters. The final match under the Wenger era was a 1–0 away victory against Huddersfield. After conducting an overhaul in the club's operating model to coincide with Wenger's departure, Spaniard Unai Emery was named as the club's new head coach on 23 May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18967683", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Premier League\"\nleague wins (11) and set club records by achieving 28 consecutive games unbeaten in all competitions; 30 consecutive games unbeaten in the league; 20 consecutive home wins in all competitions; and winning 14 away games in a season. They won their fifth English league title, and completed their second league and League Cup double in four years. Arsenal had a poor season, finishing sixth overall. Long-serving manager Arsène Wenger announced his departure from the club on 20 April 2018. Their final home game was an emphatic 5–0 defeat of Burnley which guaranteed qualification to the group stage of the Europa", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10398644", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\ntaken kickbacks for signing certain players and he was sacked in 1995. Arsenal fifth period of success came with the appointment of Arsène Wenger in 1996. Under him, Arsenal won a second league and cup double in 1997–98 and then a third in 2001–02. In addition, the club were victorious in the 2002–03 and 2004–05 FA Cups, and won the Premier League in 2003–04 without losing a single match. In 2005–06 became the first London club to reach the UEFA Champions League Final, and lost 2–1 against FC Barcelona. During the following close season, they left their longstanding home of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6077272", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nfeat, in 1997–98 and 2001–02, as well as winning a cup double of the FA Cup and League Cup in 1992–93. Seasons in bold are seasons when the club won a Double of the league and FA Cup, or of the FA Cup and League Cup. The \"\"2003–04\"\" season was the only 38-match league season unbeaten in English football history. A special gold version of the Premier League trophy was commissioned and presented to the club the following season. As of 6 August 2017. When the FA Cup was the only national football association competition available to Arsenal, the other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614132", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nOctober 2004, a national record. Arsenal finished in either first or second place in the league in eight of Wenger's first nine seasons at the club, although on no occasion were they able to retain the title. The club had never progressed beyond the quarter-finals of the Champions League until 2005–06; in that season they became the first club from London in the competition's fifty-year history to reach the final, in which they were beaten 2–1 by Barcelona. In July 2006, they moved into the Emirates Stadium, after 93 years at Highbury. Arsenal reached the final of the 2007 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16502164", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.–Chelsea F.C. rivalry\"\n2018). Arsenal's record win was a 5–1 victory in a First Division match at Stamford Bridge on 29 November 1930. Chelsea's record win was a 6–0 victory at Stamford Bridge in the Premier League on 22 March 2014. Chelsea also had scored five goals against Arsenal at Highbury on 11 November 1998. On 29 September 2012, Chelsea became the first team to beat Arsenal three times at the Emirates with a 2–1 away victory. This followed a 4–1 win in 2009 and a 3–0 scoreline later that year. Didier Drogba holds the mark for the most derby goals with 13", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14247924", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal W.F.C.\"\nteam, who remained the club's manager until his retirement in 2009. They won their first major honour, the Women's League Cup in 1991–92. Later in 1992 they won promotion to the FA Women's Premier League and won the title at the first time of asking. As of 2010 they have won 12 of the 17 League titles, finishing as runners–up three times and won a record seven titles in a row between 2004 and 2010. As of 2016 Arsenal have won the FA Women's Cup fourteen times, and the Women's League Cup ten times. This includes eight League and FA", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19409649", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry\"\nleague fixture in May 2017, calling the pleasantries a \"\"total nonsense\"\". In December 2017 analysts calculated the league fixture between the two sides as the Premier League's first billion pound game. It was not until Wenger's arrival in October 1996 that Arsenal reemerged as a serious league competitor. By the end of the 1996–97 season, Manchester United amassed their fourth title in five seasons, whereas Arsenal finished the campaign in third – their highest position since the formation of the Premier League in 1992. During the season, Wenger commented on rule changes which permitted an extension to the league calendar:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14588636", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nArsenal F.C. Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 League titles, a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, the League Centenary Trophy, 15 FA Community Shields, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. Arsenal was the first club from the South of England to join The Football League, in 1893, and they reached the First Division in 1904. Relegated only once, in 1913, they continue the longest streak in the top division, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7420244", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\n1935, while that at Emirates Stadium is 60,161, for a 2–2 draw with Manchester United on 3 November 2007. The club's current manager is Unai Emery, who was appointed in May 2018. There have been eighteen permanent and five caretaker managers of Arsenal since the appointment of the club's first professional manager, Thomas Mitchell in 1897. The club's longest-serving manager, in terms of both length of tenure and number of games overseen, is Arsène Wenger, who managed the club between 1996 and 2018. Wenger was also Arsenal's first manager from outside the United Kingdom. Two Arsenal managers have died in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14536712", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\nthe second North London Derby of the season against Spurs. Arsenal remained third in the Premier League table; while not mathematically assured of a place in the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League due to Chelsea's continued participation in the Champion's League, with three weeks to go before the end of the 2011–12 Premier League season. Manchester City eventually won the league again after three decades, their first Premiership title. The beginning of 2012–13 season saw rumours about the possible departure of star player Robin van Persie, since on 4 July 2012 he announced he would not renew his contract with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7200972", "chunk_text": "\"Arsène Wenger\"\nthe 1996–97 FA Premier League season. On 27 May 2017, Wenger became the most successful manager in the history of the FA Cup as Arsenal beat Premier League winners Chelsea 2–1 at Wembley through goals from Alexis Sánchez and Aaron Ramsey. The victory represented a further record for Wenger, as Arsenal too, became the most successful club in the competition's history as they won the competition for the 13th time. Four days following the win, Wenger signed a contract extension until 2019. In mid-2017, Wenger brought in two signings; Alexandre Lacazette for a fee of £45m, the club's most expensive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6077276", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nseparate entities but have quite close ties; Arsenal Women are entitled to play once a season at the Emirates Stadium, though they usually play their home matches at Boreham Wood. Arsenal F.C. Arsenal Football Club is a professional football club based in Islington, London, England, that plays in the Premier League, the top flight of English football. The club has won 13 League titles, a record 13 FA Cups, two League Cups, the League Centenary Trophy, 15 FA Community Shields, one UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and one Inter-Cities Fairs Cup. Arsenal was the first club from the South of England", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14536708", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\nwith some fans suggesting Arsenal's long-standing manager Arsène Wenger be sacked. After the disappointing result against Manchester United, Arsenal went on a spending spree on the last day of the transfer window, purchasing Per Mertesacker, Mikel Arteta, André Santos and Yossi Benayoun. Results began to improve, with a win over newly promoted Swansea City, before a Champions League away draw against Borussia Dortmund. Winning in the League Cup against Shrewsbury Town, in the Premier League against Bolton and in the Champions League against Olympiacos boosted morale around the club, and Arsenal began climbing the league table, after spending a time", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14614131", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nand fitness practices, and efficiency with money have defined his reign. Accumulating key players from Wenger's homeland, such as Patrick Vieira and Thierry Henry, Arsenal won a second League and Cup double in 1997–98 and a third in 2001–02. In addition, the club reached the final of the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup, were victorious in the 2003 and 2005 FA Cups, and won the Premier League in 2003–04 without losing a single match, an achievement which earned the side the nickname \"\"The Invincibles\"\". This latter feat came within a run of 49 league matches unbeaten from 7 May 2003 to 24", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2263798", "chunk_text": "\"North London derby\"\nArsenal Premiership victory at White Hart Lane on 13 November 2004. The biggest winning margin was a 6–0 away win by Arsenal on 6 March 1935. Tottenham have twice won 5–0 (25 December 1911 and 4 April 1983) and Arsenal once (23 December 1978), with all three fixtures taking place at White Hart Lane. Arsenal also won by 5–2 margins both in February and November 2012 home at the Emirates. Tottenham's record for goals scored against Arsenal is shared by Billy Minter and Bobby Smith, with nine goals each. Arsenal's record is held jointly by Emmanuel Adebayor, Alan Sunderland and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "273700", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 Arsenal F.C. season\"\n2016–17 Arsenal F.C. season The 2016–17 season was Arsenal's 25th in the Premier League and 97th consecutive season in the top flight of English football. The club participated in the Premier League, FA Cup, EFL Cup and the UEFA Champions League. Arsenal finished outside the top four of the Premier League for the first time since the 1995–96 season, but they won the FA Cup for a record 13th time, beating Chelsea 2–1 in the final. The victory saw manager Arsène Wenger become the most successful manager in FA Cup history with seven wins. The season covers the period from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3958466", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\nArsenal secured the title in the penultimate match of the season with a 1–0 win over Manchester United at Old Trafford, the goal coming from Wiltord. The previous weekend, Arsenal had wrapped up their eighth FA Cup, beating Chelsea 2–0 with goals from Ray Parlour and Freddie Ljungberg. In 2002–03, Arsenal became the first club in more than 20 years to retain the FA Cup, with a 1–0 victory against Southampton thanks to a Pires goal. Their joy was soured by the fact that they narrowly missed out on retaining the Premiership title. Arsenal had led eventual winners Manchester United", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19418618", "chunk_text": "\"2018–19 Arsenal F.C. season\"\n2018–19 Arsenal F.C. season The 2018–19 season is Arsenal's 27th season in the Premier League, 102nd overall season in the top flight and 99th consecutive season in the top flight of English football. The club are participating in the Premier League, the FA Cup, the EFL Cup, and the UEFA Europa League. This is the club's first season in 22 years without manager Arsène Wenger. For the second consecutive season, Arsenal qualified for the UEFA Europa League. This is the club's first season under new manager Unai Emery. Arsenal began their off-season by completing some squad alterations. They started by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10398683", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\nby eight points at one stage, but their form collapsed late on in the season; they drew 2–2 away to Bolton Wanderers after leading 2–0, and then lost 3–2 at home to Leeds United a week later, which gave United the title. Little did they know it at the time, but the defeat to Leeds would be Arsenal's last in the League for over a year. 2003–04 was a record-breaking season for Arsenal, as they won the Premiership unbeaten (26 wins, 12 draws, 0 defeats), finishing a clear 11 points ahead of second-place Chelsea. They became only the second team", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10398717", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\ntwist of fate, Real elected to sell Özil to create the opportunity they needed to sign star forward Gareth Bale from Tottenham, the Gunners' long-time rivals. During the January transfer, Arsenal also acquired the services of Kim Källström from Spartak Moscow until the end of the season. At the end of the 2013–14 season, the team finished the Premier League in fourth place. Having beaten defending champions Wigan Athletic in the semi-finals, Arsenal made it to the 2014 FA Cup Final and took on Hull City on 17 May 2014. Coming back from 2–0 down after just eight minutes, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10398685", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\nretain the title in 2004–05, finishing second, 12 points behind a record-breaking Chelsea side. However, the Gunners did stretch their unbeaten run to 49 consecutive matches, an English league football record; the record was equalled with a dramatic 5–3 win over Middlesbrough (Arsenal having trailed 3–1 shortly after half-time) and then surpassed with a 3–0 win over Blackburn Rovers in August 2004, before their unbeaten season was ended with a 2–0 away defeat by Manchester United. This defeat arguably upset the team's form and they fell away from title contention before recovering with a late flourish to finish second, sealed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15074327", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C. league record by opponent\"\nlocal rivals Tottenham Hotspur when football resumed after the First World War. Since that time, they have not fallen below the first tier of the English football league system and hold the record for the longest uninterrupted period in the top flight. The club remained in the Football League until 1992, when its First Division was superseded as English football's top level by the newly formed Premier League, of which they were an inaugural member. In 2003–04, Arsenal completed a league season without a single defeat, something achieved only once before in English football, by Preston North End in 1888–89.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3958508", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\non and win the league after signing the pair. However, poor league form saw Arsenal competing heavily for the final UEFA Champions League space, having taken a race with Liverpool and Manchester City to the final day of the season. Despite winning 3-1 against Everton, results elsewhere meant they only finished fifth, missing out on a Champions League spot for the first time in two decades, and the first ever under Wenger. However, Arsenal won the FA Cup Final 2-1 against Chelsea, making it their third win in four seasons, and made them the most successful club in the history", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2143354", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.–Chelsea F.C. rivalry\"\nOn 4 February 2017, Chelsea beat Arsenal 3–1. Former Arsenal captain Cesc Fàbregas scored Chelsea's third goal. The two teams have met in the 2017 FA Cup Final, where Arsenal won their record 13th FA Cup trophy by defeating Chelsea 2–1. Arsenal repeated the feat in the 2017 FA Community Shield, winning 4–1 on penalties after the match ended 1–1. It was also the first time the \"\"ABBA\"\" penalty taking system has been used in FA football. Overall, Arsenal have won the more games in history, having won 75 times to Chelsea's 63, with 58 draws (as of 18 August", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10398643", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\n1979–80 Cup Winners' Cup final on penalties. The club's only success during this time was an FA Cup win in 1978–79 against Manchester United. After stagnation in the 1980s, the return of former player George Graham as manager in 1986 brought a third period of glory. Arsenal won the League Cup in 1986–87, the Football League Centenary Trophy in 1988, two League title wins in 1988–89 and 1990–91, the FA Cup and League Cup double in 1992–93 and a second European trophy, the Cup Winners' Cup, in 1993–94. However, Graham's reputation was tarnished when it was revealed that he had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9020631", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.\"\nArsenal's kit. Arsène Wenger was the longest-serving manager and won the most trophies. He won a record 7 FA Cups, and his title-winning team set an English record for the longest top-flight unbeaten league run at 49 games between 2003 and 2004, receiving the nickname The Invincibles, and a special gold Premier League trophy. In 1886, Woolwich munitions workers founded the club as Dial Square. In 1913, the club crossed the city to Arsenal Stadium in Highbury, becoming close neighbours of Tottenham Hotspur, and creating the North London derby. In 2006, they moved to the nearby Emirates Stadium. In terms", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4076758", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal W.F.C.\"\n2009 (a 0–3 defeat at home to Everton) Arsenal went 108 games without defeat. During that spell, Arsenal won a record 51 league games in a row, between November 2005 and April 2008. Despite the defeat to Everton, Arsenal went on to complete a domestic treble in 2008–09, beating Everton 1–0 away on the final day of the league season and giving Vic Akers his eleventh title and fourth Treble. Akers retired in the 2009 close season, being succeeded by Tony Gervaise. In February 2010, after eight months in charge, Gervaise resigned, suggesting his position had been undermined by outside", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2143353", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C.–Chelsea F.C. rivalry\"\nnotable for a touchline fracas that occurred between the managers in the technical area during the fierce match. On 2 August 2015, Wenger finally recorded a win against Mourinho, defeating Chelsea 1–0 in the 2015 FA Community Shield. On 24 September 2016, Arsenal beat Chelsea 3–0 at the Emirates Stadium. It was the first time Arsenal scored against Chelsea since 2013, and Arsenal's first win over The Blues since 2011 in the Premier League. All three goals were scored in the first half by Alexis Sánchez, Theo Walcott and Mesut Özil. It was Arsenal's biggest win over Chelsea since 1997.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3230776", "chunk_text": "\"Premier League\"\nfive seasons after the 2011–12 campaign, Manchester United and Liverpool both found themselves outside of the top four three times while Chelsea finished 10th in the 2015–16 season. Arsenal finished 5th in 2016–17, ending their record run of 20 consecutive top-four finishes. In the 2015–16 season, the top four was breached by a non-Big Six side for the first time since Everton in 2005. Leicester City were the surprise winners of the league, qualifying for the Champions League as a result. Off the pitch, the \"\"Big Six\"\" wield financial power and influence, with these clubs arguing that they should be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3230771", "chunk_text": "\"Premier League\"\nthe \"\"Big Four\"\" always qualifying for European competition. Arsenal went as far as winning the league without losing a single game in 2003–04, the only time it has ever happened in the Premier League. During the 2000s, only four sides outside the \"\"Top Four\"\" managed to qualify for the Champions League: Leeds United (1999–2000), Newcastle United (2001–02 and 2002–03), Everton (2004–05) and Tottenham Hotspur (2009–10) – each occupying the final Champions League spot, with the exception of Newcastle in the 2002–03 season, who finished third. In May 2008 Kevin Keegan stated that \"\"Top Four\"\" dominance threatened the division, \"\"This league", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14536727", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\nto rampant Manchester City 3-0. Arsenal would then go on their worst losing streak since 2002, losing four consecutive games in all competitions. The club also lost five out of seven league games by March 2018, scoring 12, and conceding 15. When factoring in all competitions, the club conceded an additional two, while registering only one more. This meant Arsenal conceded, on average, over twice a game. 13 May 2018, Arsene Wenger quit Arsenal. History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present) The history of Arsenal Football Club from 1966 to the present day covers the third, fourth, and fifth periods of success", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8406873", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal F.C. supporters\"\n2008 Arsenal–Aston Villa official match programme although there are suggestions that it has existed since 2005. St. Totteringham's day 2010 was the first time the celebration was acknowledged by mainstream media, with mentions from the BBC, \"\"The Sun\"\", \"\"Daily Mail\"\" and \"\"The Guardian\"\" newspapers. The unofficial holiday did not occur in 2017, when Spurs' 2–0 win over Arsenal on 30 April ensured that Tottenham would finish above Arsenal in the league for the first time in 22 years. Arsenal supporters enjoy good relations with police forces around the country and especially the Metropolitan Police. The club and authorities work closely", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14536703", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\nsuccessive top-five finish and the 13th successive season they had achieved qualification for the Champions League. It was also their fifth successive trophyless season, however, something of a disappointment considering this trophyless spell was preceded by five trophy winning seasons from a possible eight (including two seasons where they won the double). 2010–11 saw Arsenal perform well in the Premier League and compete strongly in a title challenge, alongside Manchester United. To prove such a challenge, they faced struggling champions Chelsea on 27 December and mauled them 3–1 at Emirates. Good form continued in the following months and in February,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7321939", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal Stadium\"\nfor the season and adopted a solid redcurrant shirt, the colour they wore during their first season at Highbury in 1913–14. Arsenal's final game at the stadium was their FA Premier League match on 7 May 2006 against Wigan Athletic, the last game of the season. The team needed to better the result of neighbours Tottenham Hotspur to again secure qualification for the Champions League. Having been 2–1 behind, a hat trick by captain and all-time leading goal scorer Thierry Henry secured qualification, with Henry kneeling down to kiss the turf on scoring what proved to be the final goal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6761538", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Arteta\"\nthe U16 European Championships, and, in addition, he would have required five years of education in Britain before turning 18. On 3 July 2016, Arteta was appointed to join Manchester City as a joint assistant coach, alongside fellow co-assistants Brian Kidd and Domènec Torrent, and manager Pep Guardiola. In May 2018, Arteta became strongly linked to become the successor to his former manager Arsene Wenger, but instead, saw the job be awarded to Unai Emery. On 19 September 2018, as a result of Guardiola serving a touchline ban, Arteta was Manchester City's de-facto manager in a 2–1 Champions League loss", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20969931", "chunk_text": "\"Arsène Wenger\"\nthat season, and the club saw further improvement in the 2015–16 season as they finished as league runners-up, while retaining the FA Community Shield by defeating Chelsea 1–0. Wenger financed moves for Granit Xhaka and Shkodran Mustafi in mid-2016 for a combined £65 million, rendering the pair one of Arsenal's most expensive ever signings, as Wenger hoped to guide the club to their first league title win in over thirteen years the following season. Although Arsenal began strongly in the league, losing only once until December, back-to-back defeats to Everton and Manchester City resulted in Arsenal losing their stronghold on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8268006", "chunk_text": "\"2017–18 Arsenal F.C. season\"\n2017–18 Arsenal F.C. season The 2017–18 season was Arsenal's 26th in the Premier League and 98th consecutive season in the top flight of English football. The club participated in the Premier League, the FA Cup (as holders), the EFL Cup, and the UEFA Europa League. This was the first season that Arsenal was not participating in the UEFA Champions League since 1997–98. It was the first time they have played in the UEFA Europa League since its rebranding, having last participated in the 1999–2000 UEFA Cup. The season was the 21st straight and final season under manager Arsène Wenger, who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7767819", "chunk_text": "\"Mikel Arteta\"\nclub regularly challenge for European competition. However, silverware was limited in Merseyside, and Arteta's performances attracted fellow league side Arsenal, and he ultimately moved to the club for a fee of £10 million (€12 million) in 2011. Under the tutelage of coach Arsène Wenger, Arteta gradually moved into a deeper role, where his anticipation, distribution and defensive output helped the club end their nine-year trophy drought, winning two FA Cups and two FA Community Shield titles. He also served as club captain prior to retiring in 2016. Despite representing Spain across its youth levels, he never appeared for the senior", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3958447", "chunk_text": "\"History of Arsenal F.C. (1966–present)\"\nclub. In Graham's third season (1988–89), the club won the Football League Centenary Trophy before winning their first League title since 1971, in highly dramatic fashion. Having led the League since Christmas, Arsenal were overtaken by Liverpool after losing to Derby County and drawing at home to Wimbledon in May. Arsenal had seemingly thrown away the title, but the final game of the season, on 26 May, was against Liverpool at Anfield; Arsenal needed to win by two goals to take the title; Liverpool had already won the FA Cup and were favourites to complete the Double. Alan Smith scored", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4076757", "chunk_text": "\"Arsenal W.F.C.\"\nin the 2007 Sports Journalists' Awards. Arsenal were unable to retain their European crown in 2007–08, after being knocked out by Olympique Lyonnais in the quarter-finals. The Premier League Cup final was lost to Everton. They ended the season on a high, winning the league for the fifth season in a row with 20 wins and two draws from their 22 games, and another FA Women's Cup, beating Leeds 4–1 in the final. Season 2008–09 saw the end of a record five year unbeaten run in the League; between 16 October 2003 (a defeat against Charlton Athletic) and 29 March", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_272	when does the movie jeepers creepers come out?	n/a	[ "September 26, 2017" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783749", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nJeepers Creepers 3 Jeepers Creepers 3 is a 2017 American horror film written and directed by Victor Salva and the third \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\" film, taking place in between \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\" and \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2.\"\" Jonathan Breck reprises his role as the Creeper. Gina Philips returns in a cameo as Trish Jenner, her first return to the series since the original film. The film was shown in theaters on September 26, 2017 in what was originally announced as a one-night-only showing and was then shown again on October 4, 2017. A shuriken flies through the air and hits a wooden post", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12865548", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\nspot still held by \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\". Allowing for films that had been released prior to Labor Day, \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\" holds the #9 spot after the 2015 Labor Day four-day weekend. In September 2015, \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\" was officially greenlit. The film was slated to begin filming in April 2016 until production was halted when Victor Salva was boycotted from filming in Canada for his criminal past The film was eventually released in a one-night-only showing on September 26, 2017, 14 years after the release of \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\". It grossed $2.3 million in theaters. Jeepers Creepers 2 Jeepers Creepers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783762", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nbeen planned. This more closely replicates the Florida setting of the original film. Principal photography began on February 15, 2017 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. On April 4, 2017, one of the cameramen of the production revealed on their social networks that filming had by then been completed. During an interview for the Edmond Sun, Justin Hall specifically revealed that the film would be released on September 4, 2017, but nothing was confirmed by Salva or the studio. On August 16, 2017, the AMC Theatres website stated that \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\" would open on September 26, 2017. On August 29, 2017,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17068867", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers (2001 film)\"\nMcCoy\"\" AKA \"\"Roach\"\" who is a car thief and regular in the Poho County jail. In the second film, he portrays \"\"Coach Dwayne Barnes\"\". On September 11, 2015, \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\" was officially greenlit, with a planned 2017 release. Victor Salva returns as director, Jonathan Breck returns as The Creeper, and Gina Philips returns as Trish Jenner, her first screen role in five years. Production was halted in 2016 until it resumed in February 2017, and completed in April. The film opened for what was said would be only a one-night showing on September 26, 2017; it was then shown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17068856", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers (2001 film)\"\nJeepers Creepers (2001 film) Jeepers Creepers is a 2001 American-German horror film written and directed by Victor Salva. The film takes its name from the 1938 song \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\", which is featured in the film. Francis Ford Coppola executive produced, and the film stars Gina Philips, Justin Long, Jonathan Breck, and Eileen Brennan. Philips and Long play two older siblings who become the targets of a demonic creature (Breck) in rural Florida. Trish Jenner (Philips) and her brother Darry (Long) are traveling home from college for spring break. As they drive through the Florida countryside, an old rusty truck (a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17068868", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers (2001 film)\"\nagain October 4, and it was announced that it would air on the SyFy channel on October 28, with a Blu-ray/digital release on December 28, 2017. Jeepers Creepers (2001 film) Jeepers Creepers is a 2001 American-German horror film written and directed by Victor Salva. The film takes its name from the 1938 song \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\", which is featured in the film. Francis Ford Coppola executive produced, and the film stars Gina Philips, Justin Long, Jonathan Breck, and Eileen Brennan. Philips and Long play two older siblings who become the targets of a demonic creature (Breck) in rural Florida. Trish Jenner", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783764", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\none night on Wednesday, October 4.\"\" Other participating theaters included Marcus Theaters and Galaxy Theaters. After the theatrical showings, the film had its television premiere on the Syfy network on October 28, 2017. The channel aired an encore showing on October 29. The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on December 26, 2017. After the filming announcement, several photos began to appear on the internet from the post-production of \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\", mainly for presenting actor Stan Shaw. Shortly after, a Behind-the-Scenes video of the film was released on social networks. The first teaser trailer ran 30 seconds and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13473894", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\nJeepers Creepers 2 Jeepers Creepers 2 is a 2003 American horror film written and directed by Victor Salva, produced by American Zoetrope, Capitol Films, Myriad Pictures and distributed by United Artists, a Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer division. The film is a sequel to the 2001 horror film \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\". Francis Ford Coppola executive produced the film. The film was followed by \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\", which received a limited release in theaters in 2017, 14 years after the second film. On its twenty-second day of feeding, the Creeper disguised as a scarecrow abducts young Billy Taggart in front of his father Jack, and older", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2214313", "chunk_text": "\"Victor Salva\"\noutcast. He next made \"\"Rites of Passage\"\" (1999), a coming-of-age thriller. The film depicts a homophobic father who unwittingly pushes his gay son into the arms of a psychotic killer. In 2001, Salva wrote and directed \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\", which was a breakout hit and set a record for the largest Labor Day box-office ever. Salva followed this up with his sixth feature film, \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\" (2003), breaking his old record and setting another Labor Day milestone. Principal photography began in February 2017 for another sequel, \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\", which was released in September of that year. His next film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783761", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nthat his new script for \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\" is set between the days of \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\" and \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\" in 2001, where the Creeper terrorizes a farming community. Philips was brought in to reprise her role as Trish in a cameo. Stan Shaw, who plays a sheriff in this film, confirmed to a fan on Twitter that the \"\"Cathedral\"\" storyline was scrapped as that material was more than 12 years old. In January 2017, it was confirmed the film was back in pre-production and that filming would begin in February 2017 in Louisiana, instead of Canada as had originally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783763", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nselected theaters began selling tickets along with the official poster, revealing that the film would be on display for only one night. Fathom Events then announced that the film's premiere would also feature never-before-seen bonus pictures and an interview with Breck, who plays the Creeper in all three franchise films. A second showing in theaters on October 4, 2017 was later added. Fandango updated the brief film synopsis shortly after, \"\"this Fall, the Creeper returns. See the next film in the iconic horror franchise when \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\" returns for a special encore event in movie theaters nationwide for only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783766", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nit was present in the screened version delivered to critics. During its limited two-day run, \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\" grossed $2.2 million in the United States and $1.3 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $3.6 million. The film played in 635 theaters on Tuesday, September 26 and was listed at #3 on the day's box office rankings behind \"\"\"\" and \"\"It.\"\" On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a negative approval rating of 17% based on , with a weighted average rating of 3.8/10. Film critic Steve Pulaski gave the film a mixed review, saying that \"\"through all its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11708051", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers (1939 animated film)\"\nJeepers Creepers (1939 animated film) Jeepers Creepers is a 1939 \"\"Looney Tunes\"\" animated short starring Porky Pig. It was directed by Robert Clampett. It was released on DVD on September 19, 2017, in the \"\"Porky Pig 101\"\". Porky is a police officer, who is in a police car that is named 6 7/8. He gets a call from his chief to go investigate goings-on at a haunted house. The house is haunted to the core, and the fun loving ghost plays a series of pranks on the unsuspecting pig. As Porky knocks on the door to enter the haunted house,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783760", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nSeptember 11, 2015, Salva's wish came true when the film was officially green lit to start filming in early 2016 under Myriad Pictures. However, before filming could begin in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canadian talent agencies sent out an alert to warn others about Salva's criminal past. The casting calls were subsequently removed, which halted the production, though producer Stan Spry assured a fan on Twitter that the movie was not cancelled. The original \"\"Cathedral\"\" storyline had the film take place 23 years after the first two films. However, on the special edition Blu-ray release of \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2,\"\" Salva stated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17296016", "chunk_text": "\"Creep 2\"\nat the Sitges Film Festival on October 6, 2017. The film was released through video on demand on October 24, 2017. It was released through Netflix on December 23, 2017. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 100% based on 16 reviews, with an average rating of 7.2/10. On Metacritic, the film has a score of 75 out of 100, based on 5 critics, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". Kimberley Elizabeth of Nightmare on Film Street called the film \"\"hypnotically unsettling\"\", giving the film a 4/4 rating. Mike Sprague of JoBlo.com said the film was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783765", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nwas released on September 6. The official trailer for the movie was released on September 15 on various YouTube trailer channels. \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\" sparked controversy over using child molestation as a plotline, which resulted in criticism of the film due to Salva's 1988 incarceration for sexual abuse of a 12-year-old and possession of child pornography. The dialogue “Can you blame him though? I mean look at her, the heart wants what it wants, am I right?”, in reference to the film's character, a sexual abuse victim, was singled out for derision, ultimately being removed from the theatrical cut, although", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17068866", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers (2001 film)\"\nand the #5 spot goes to its sequel. Allowing for films that had been released prior to Labor Day, \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\" holds the #16 spot for the Labor Day four-day weekend, with the #9 spot going to \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\". In 2003, a sequel was released, \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\". Events in the second film take place four days after the first film. The Creeper and Darry are the only characters to appear in both films, although they are not the only actors to appear in both films. In the first film, actor Tom Tarantini appears as the minor character \"\"Austin", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11708053", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers (1939 animated film)\"\nis finally scared out of the house, but he has the last laugh when his back-firing car leaves the ghost in blackface (and the ghost doing a Rochester imitation). Jeepers Creepers (1939 animated film) Jeepers Creepers is a 1939 \"\"Looney Tunes\"\" animated short starring Porky Pig. It was directed by Robert Clampett. It was released on DVD on September 19, 2017, in the \"\"Porky Pig 101\"\". Porky is a police officer, who is in a police car that is named 6 7/8. He gets a call from his chief to go investigate goings-on at a haunted house. The house is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17068865", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers (2001 film)\"\nof \"\"The Guardian\"\" wrote that the film starts off well but quickly degenerates into cliche. Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"\"D\"\" on an A+ to F scale. \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\" opened in 2,944 theaters and took in a US gross of $37.9 million; it later made $21.3 million internationally, making a total of $59.2 million worldwide. It broke the record for the highest ever Labor Day opening weekend four-day gross, holding the record until the 2003 release of its sequel, \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\". After the 2015 Labor Day weekend, \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\" holds the #7 spot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12865547", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\nbetter\"\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of \"\"C+\"\" on an A+ to F scale. \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\" opened in 3,124 theaters and had a U.S. domestic gross of US$ 35,667,218. Other international takings were $27,435,448, and the worldwide gross was $63,102,666, slightly higher than the original. It displaced its predecessor, \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\", to become the new record holder for the highest ever Labor Day opening weekend four-day gross, holding the record until the 2005 release of \"\"Transporter 2\"\". After the 2015 Labor Day weekend, \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\" still holds the #5 spot with the #7", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10443056", "chunk_text": "\"Blockers (film)\"\nto them, to the relief of the three parents. In a mid-credits scene, Mitchell and Marcie are seen playing the blindfold game that Austin's parents had been playing earlier in the film. They find each other, but Kayla walks in on them and exclaims in shock while her parents do the same. Principal photography on the film began on May 2, 2017, in Atlanta, Georgia. \"\"Blockers\"\" was released by Universal Pictures on April 6, 2018. The film was originally produced under the name \"\"The Pact\"\", referring to the girls' agreement to lose their virginity. \"\"Blockers\"\" grossed $59.8 million in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9146761", "chunk_text": "\"Blockers (film)\"\nSouth by Southwest on March 10, 2018, and was theatrically released in the United States on April 6, 2018, by Universal Pictures. It grossed $93 million worldwide and received generally positive reviews from critics, with praise for its \"\"humor and performances\"\", as well as for \"\"intelligence and empathy\"\" not often found in the genre. Single mother Lisa Decker drops off her young daughter, Julie, for her first day of kindergarten. She watches on as Julie is joined by two other girls, Kayla and Sam. Kayla's dad Mitchell and Sam's dad Hunter introduce themselves and become close friends after seeing the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17068860", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers (2001 film)\"\nair. They drive to the local police station, where they are approached by psychic Jezelle Gay Hartman (Patricia Belcher). She reveals herself as the woman who called them at the diner and tells them the true nature of their pursuer: It is an ancient creature, known as \"\"the Creeper,\"\" which awakens every 23rd spring for twenty-three days to feast on human body parts, which then form parts of its own body. She also tells them that it seeks out its victims through fear, and, by smelling the fear from Trish and Darry, it has found something it likes, but she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783758", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nknow what you are', along with the hand, and howls in anger. The next day, Addison says goodbye to Buddy before he leaves for a high school basketball game in the same bus that is attacked by the Creeper shortly before it’s hibernation. 23 years later, Trish Jenner is seen reading a letter she presumably wrote on a computer calling for people to fight against the Creeper when it returns and vows to get revenge on The Creeper for the death of her brother, Darry. The third film was in development before \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\" was released in 2003. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14260393", "chunk_text": "BlacKkKlansman\nPeele. Redick purchased the film rights to the book in 2015, and Lee signed on as director in September 2017. Much of the cast joined the following month, and filming began in New York State. \"\"BlacKkKlansman\"\" premiered on May 14, 2018, at the Cannes Film Festival, where it won the Grand Prix. It was theatrically released in the United States on August 10, 2018, coinciding with the one-year anniversary of the white supremacist Unite the Right rally. The film received acclaim from critics, with critics praising the performances (particularly of Washington and Driver) and timely themes, as well as noting", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2783770", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers 3\"\nof \"\"Jeepers Creepers 3.\"\" I think that's all I'm allowed to say about it, but he wrote in such detail and he had a lot of flashbacks to what happened over the years that it made it very easy for me. I got to see what will eventually happen to the character and he put enough flashbacks in there that I got to see what happened to her over the last 15 years. Let's just say, there's more to come.\"\" Jeepers Creepers 3 Jeepers Creepers 3 is a 2017 American horror film written and directed by Victor Salva and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "180674", "chunk_text": "\"The Strangers: Prey at Night\"\nwas to film there at night, saying it was just as creepy as it was in the movie. On October 12, 2017, \"\"Collider\"\" reported the film would be released on March 9, 2018, by Aviron Pictures. A teaser trailer for the film was released on November 16, 2017. The official trailer debuted on January 5, 2018. In the United States and Canada, \"\"The Strangers: Prey at Night\"\" was released alongside \"\"The Hurricane Heist\"\", \"\"Gringo\"\" and \"\"A Wrinkle in Time\"\", and was projected to gross around $7 million from 2,464 theaters in its opening weekend. It made $4 million on its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17040208", "chunk_text": "\"Victor Salva\"\nVictor Salva Victor Ronald Salva (born March 29, 1958) is an American filmmaker. He is best known for directing the films \"\"Powder\"\" (1995) and \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\" (2001). The latter of these has been expanded into a franchise with two sequels that he has also directed. His ongoing career in filmmaking became controversial after his conviction in 1988 for charges relating to his sexual abuse of a 12-year-old male actor who was starring in one of his films, \"\"Clownhouse\"\", videotaping himself in the act of doing so, and possessing commercial videotapes and magazines containing child pornography. Born in Martinez, California, Salva", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17509692", "chunk_text": "\"Brigsby Bear\"\nby McCary, Mooney, and Costello's middle school experiences making short films together, over a two to three-year period, with a story stemming from Mooney's fascination with 1980s children's shows. Principal photography took place in Utah during Mooney and McCary's break from working on \"\"Saturday Night Live\"\". The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 23, 2017, and was released on July 28, 2017, by Sony Pictures Classics. \"\"Brigsby Bear\"\" received positive reviews from critics, who praised the script, direction, cast and art design; critics also commended the film's sentimental tone. James (Kyle Mooney) lives in an underground home", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17068862", "chunk_text": "\"Jeepers Creepers (2001 film)\"\nthem, the Creeper throws Trish aside and chooses Darry. Trish offers her life for her brother's, but the Creeper escapes out of the window and flies away with Darry. The next day, Trish is picked up by her parents, and Jezelle returns home in regret. In the Creeper's new hideout, an abandoned factory, it is revealed that the Creeper has removed the back of Darry's head and taken his eyes. \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\" was filmed in north-central Florida in the summer of 2000. Filming locations in the area include the former St. James Church in Ocala, the former Reddick High School", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1748356", "chunk_text": "\"Billy Boy (2017 film)\"\non October 6, 2017 and the Miami International Film Festival on March 14, 2018. It is scheduled to be released on June 15, 2018. The film was originally scheduled to premiere on March 4, 2017 at the 2017 Miami International Film Festival under its original title \"\"Billy Boy\"\", but was cancelled later on, amid speculation that this was linked to the star Melissa Benoist having recently filed for divorce from her co-star and writer Blake Jenner. Amelia Emberwing from \"\"Birth Movies Death\"\" gave the film a bad review. She praised its premise, but criticized its development. Emberwing also praised the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11971743", "chunk_text": "\"Unsane (film)\"\napp FiLMiC Pro, and was released through Soderbergh's Fingerprint Releasing banner. In August 2017, Jay Pharoah confirmed that he was a co-star in the film. The film had its world premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival on February 21, 2018. The film was released in the United States on March 23, 2018. \"\"Unsane\"\" has grossed $7.7 million in the United States and Canada, and $6.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $14.2 million. In the United States and Canada, \"\"Unsane\"\" was released alongside \"\"Pacific Rim Uprising\"\", \"\"Midnight Sun\"\", \"\"Sherlock Gnomes\"\" and \"\"Paul, Apostle of Christ\"\", and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6679035", "chunk_text": "\"Don't Worry, He Won't Get Far on Foot\"\njoined the cast of the film. Principal photography began on March 6, 2017 and concluded on April 6, 2017. In March 2017, it was confirmed Amazon Studios would distribute the film. It had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 19, 2018 and also screened at the Berlin International Film Festival on February 20, 2018. It was scheduled to be released on May 11, 2018, then was pushed back to July 13, 2018. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 76% based on 157 reviews, with a weighted average of 6.7/10. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4109366", "chunk_text": "\"Monster Trucks (film)\"\nthe United States on January 13, 2017, and received mixed reviews from critics. \"\"Monster Trucks\"\" grossed $64 million worldwide against its $125 million budget, leading it to be labeled as a box office bomb, losing the studio over $120 million. Terravex Oil is in the midst of a fracking operation near a lake in North Dakota, overseen by CEO Reece Tenneson and geologist Jim Dowd. The operation releases three subterranean creatures and destroys the drilling rig. Two are captured by Terravex, but one of them escapes the site. Meanwhile, high school senior Tripp Coley is looking for something to do", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9766620", "chunk_text": "\"Bradley Fuller\"\nand \"\"\"\". In 2018, Fuller and Platinum Dunes produced the post-apocalyptic horror film \"\"A Quiet Place.\"\" The film premiered as the Opening Night film at South by Southwest on March 9, 2018, and was released in the United States on April 6, 2018, by Paramount Pictures. It became a major box office hit, grossing $332 million worldwide, and received acclaim from critics, who praised its originality and atmosphere, as well as the acting, direction, and sound design, calling it a \"\"smart, wickedly frightening good time.\"\" On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 95% based", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20108968", "chunk_text": "\"The Incredibles\"\nin the intervening years and Rick Dicker was voiced by Jonathan Banks after Bud Luckey retired in 2014. The film is a direct continuation of \"\"The Incredibles\"\". The sequel gives Holly Hunter's character, Elastigirl, a more developed plotline. The teaser trailer for the sequel premiered on November 18, 2017. It featured Jack-Jack, who is revealed to have powers, with Bob, happy at this discovery. Originally, \"\" Incredibles 2\"\" was to be released on June 21, 2019 as Pixar's next film after \"\"Toy Story 4\"\". Due to delays on that title, Pixar swapped the release dates, and \"\"Incredibles 2\"\" was then", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11957545", "chunk_text": "\"Jonah Hill\"\nworld's highest-paid actors from June 2014 to June 2015, bringing in $16million. As a screenwriter, he contributed to the stories of \"\"21 Jump Street\"\", \"\"22 Jump Street\"\", \"\"Sausage Party\"\" and \"\"Why Him?\"\" (2016). In 2018, Hill starred in the Netflix dark comedy miniseries \"\"Maniac\"\" and made his directorial debut from a screenplay he wrote, titled \"\"Mid90s\"\". Before being released in the United States on October 19, 2018, the film premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 9, 2018 and was positively received. In 2019, Hill will play Lewis in \"\"The Beach Bum\"\", and also reprise his roles as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6414576", "chunk_text": "\"Hostiles (film)\"\nUnited States by Entertainment Studios starting December 22, 2017, before going wide on January 26, 2018. It received generally positive reviews from critics and grossed $35 million worldwide. In 1892, settler Rosalee Quaid and her family are attacked by a Comanche war group who kill and scalp her husband and also shoot and kill her three children. Only Rosalee manages to escape the attack by hiding in a small rock outcrop in the forest. In Fort Berringer, New Mexico, Captain Joseph Blocker rounds up an escaping Apache family and brings them back to the fort. He is then called to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18693167", "chunk_text": "\"Beach Rats\"\nFilm Festival on January 23. Shortly after, Neon acquired distribution rights to the film. It was released theatrically on August 25, 2017. \"\"Beach Rats\"\" received positive reviews from film critics. It holds an 85% approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 89 reviews, with a weighted average of 7.2/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"Empathetic and powerfully acted, \"\"Beach Rats\"\" takes a clear-eyed yet dreamlike look at a young man's adolescent turmoil.\"\" On Metacritic, the film holds a rating of 79 out of 100, based on 22 critics, indicating \"\"generally favorable reviews\"\". Jay Kuehner, reporting from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12203948", "chunk_text": "\"Patricia Belcher\"\nfilm \"\"Jeepers Creepers\"\". The film received mixed reviews from critics, however received positive awards from audiences. The film was a commercial success, opening in 2,944 theaters and took in a domestic gross of $37,904,175; it later made $21,313,614 internationally, making a total of $59,217,789 worldwide. In 2003, Belcher was originally going to appear again as Jezelle Gay Hartman in \"\"Jeepers Creepers 2\"\", as the plot was about her character and Gina Philips' character hunting down The Creeper, while a school bus full of teens terrorized by The Creeper was just a subplot. But the more writer and director Victor Salva", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16619527", "chunk_text": "\"White Boy Rick\"\nback again from August 17, 2018, to September 14, 2018. It had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on August 31, 2018. It was also screened at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7, 2018. In the United States and Canada, \"\"White Boy Rick \"\" was released alongside \"\"The Predator\"\", \"\"A Simple Favor\"\" and \"\"\"\", and was projected to gross $5–9 million from 2,504 theaters in its opening weekend. It ended up debuting to $8.8 million, finishing fourth behind \"\"The Predator\"\", \"\"The Nun\"\" and \"\"A Simple Favor\"\". It dropped 43% in its second weekend to $5 million,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15815128", "chunk_text": "BuyBust\nand Curtis and Vera were cast as leads the following year. On a budget of ₱86 million, principal photography began in March 2017. The film premiered at the New York Asian Film Festival (NYAFF) on June 29, 2018, had a wide Philippine release on August 1 and a limited North American release on August 10. Critical reception to the film was generally favorable, attaining praise for its action scenes, theme, technical aspects, and Curtis' against-type performance. It grossed ₱97 million worldwide. Due to the Philippine Drug War, most of the country's barangays have been drug free. Drug dealer Teban (Alex", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4486311", "chunk_text": "\"Goosebumps 2: Haunted Halloween\"\naccidentally releasing monsters, demons and creatures from the \"\"Goosebumps\"\" franchise in their town after opening an unpublished \"\"Goosebumps\"\" manuscript titled \"\"Haunted Halloween\"\", causing a wave of destruction on Halloween night. Unlike the previous installment, Village Roadshow Pictures was not involved with the film. \"\"Goosebumps 2: Haunted Halloween\"\" was released in the United States on October 12, 2018 by Sony Pictures Releasing, under its Columbia Pictures label. The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed over $92 million worldwide against its $35 million budget. Teenager Sarah Quinn (Madison Iseman) lives with her mother Kathy (Wendi McLendon-Covey) and younger brother", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15571946", "chunk_text": "\"David Ayer\"\nwas released on August 5, 2016. The film, along with Ayer's directing, received negative reviews. Critics were negative to mixed in their opinions, though it became his most commercially successful film to date. Ayer also directed \"\"Bright\"\", \"\"a contemporary cop thriller, but with fantastical elements\"\", starring Will Smith and Joel Edgerton with a script penned by Max Landis that Ayer himself rewrote. Netflix picked up the film for a $90 million deal. The film was released on December 22, 2017. On January 3, 2018, Netflix confirmed they were moving ahead with the sequel for \"\"Bright\"\", with Smith and Edgerton reprising", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12588075", "chunk_text": "\"Dumplin' (film)\"\non August 21, 2017, in Covington, Georgia and ended in October. In September 2018, Netflix acquired distribution rights to the film. It was released on December 7, 2018. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, \"\"Dumplin\"\" holds an approval rating of 81% based on 48 reviews, with an average rating of 6.5/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"Elevated by a solid soundtrack and a terrific cast, \"\"Dumplin\"\" offers sweetly uplifting drama that adds just enough new ingredients to a reliably comforting formula.\"\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 53 out of 100, based on 15 critics, indicating \"\"mixed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16322751", "chunk_text": "\"John David Washington\"\nWashington was cast in the lead role of detective Ron Stallworth, in Spike Lee's thriller \"\"BlacKkKlansman\"\", based on Stallworth's memoir. The film competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival, where it premiered on May 14. It did not win the Palme d'Or, but was awarded the Grand Prix by the festival jury. The film began a U.S. theatrical release on August 10, 2018, a date chosen to coincide with the one year anniversary of the Charlottesville rally. The film was a commercial success, and earned Washington both Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Award nomination. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13266416", "chunk_text": "\"The Boss Baby\"\n12, 2017, and was released by 20th Century Fox on March 31, 2017. Upon release, the film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $528 million worldwide against its $125 million budget. The film received Best Animated Feature nominations at both the Academy Awards and Golden Globes (losing both to \"\"Coco\"\"). A sequel is scheduled to be released on March 26, 2021, while a Netflix TV series, \"\"\"\" premiered April 6, 2018. A man named Tim Templeton tells a story about his 7-year-old self and his parents, Ted and Janice. One day, Tim is surprised when an infant wearing a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "94064", "chunk_text": "\"Freak Show (film)\"\nfilm. It was released on January 12, 2018. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 53% based on 36 reviews, and an average rating of 5.5/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"\"\"Freak Show\"\" relies on engaging performances and obviously good intentions to cover for its clichéd story and uneven direction – and for some viewers, it may well be enough.\"\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 54 out of 100, based on 8 critics, indicating \"\"mixed or average reviews\"\". Freak Show (film) Freak Show is a 2017 American comedy-drama film", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "994677", "chunk_text": "\"Bad Times at the El Royale\"\nBad Times at the El Royale Bad Times at the El Royale is a 2018 American neo-noir thriller film written, produced and directed by Drew Goddard. The film stars Jeff Bridges, Cynthia Erivo, Dakota Johnson, Jon Hamm, Cailee Spaeny, Lewis Pullman, Nick Offerman and Chris Hemsworth. Set in 1969, the plot follows seven strangers each hiding dark secrets, who come to a head one night in a shady hotel on the California-Nevada border. \"\"Bad Times at the El Royale\"\" premiered at Fantastic Fest on September 27, 2018, and was theatrically released in the United States on October 12, 2018. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18381357", "chunk_text": "\"The Leisure Seeker\"\n2017, Focus Features acquired the UK rights to the film. It was released on March 9, 2018. \"\"The Leisure Seeker\"\" grossed $3.2 million in the United States and Canada, and $14.6 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $17.8 million. On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 36% based on 98 reviews, and an average rating of 5.1/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"\"\"The Leisure Seeker\"\" certainly doesn't suffer from any shortage of acting talent, but it's largely squandered on a predictable, diffuse drama with little to say.\"\" On Metacritic, the film has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_273	when did how you remind me come out?	n/a	[ "August 21, 2001", "August 21, 2001" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3774543", "chunk_text": "\"How You Remind Me\"\nHow You Remind Me \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" is a song by Canadian rock band Nickelback. It was released on August 21, 2001 as the lead single from their third studio album \"\"Silver Side Up\"\" (2001). A \"\"Gold Mix\"\" was made for latter editions of the single with the heavier guitars edited out of the chorus. Lead vocalist and guitarist Chad Kroeger wrote the song about his old girlfriend Jodi, with whom he had a dysfunctional relationship. He referred to this song as the song that put Nickelback on the map when played at their concert in Sturgis, South Dakota,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8270982", "chunk_text": "\"Reminding Me\"\nReminding Me \"\"Reminding Me\"\" is a song recorded as a duet by Canadian singer-songwriter Shawn Hook and American actress and singer Vanessa Hudgens. Hook co-wrote the pop ballad with Jonas Jeberg and Ethan Thompson. It was released to digital retailers on April 21, 2017, through Hollywood Records and Universal Music Canada as the lead single for Hook's forthcoming fourth studio album, and Hook's EP \"\"My Side of Your Story\"\". \"\"Reminding Me\"\" also impacted American contemporary hit radio on May 16, 2017. \"\"Reminding Me\"\" debuted at number 92 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Canadian Hot 100 chart dated May 20, 2017. An accompanying", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7151939", "chunk_text": "\"U Remind Me\"\nU Remind Me \"\"U Remind Me\"\" is a song by American entertainer Usher. It was written by Anita McCloud and Edmund Clement and produced by the latter along with Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis for Usher's third studio album \"\"8701\"\" (2001). A fast-paced mid-tempo contemporary R&B track, the song is about a man who meets a woman who seems like a nice catch, but he decides not to enter a relationship with her because she looks too much like an ex-girlfriend with whom he had a bad breakup. The song served as the lead American single from \"\"8701\"\" following the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3774545", "chunk_text": "\"How You Remind Me\"\ndecade of the 2000s by \"\"Billboard\"\". The song was featured in the music video game \"\"\"\" and in a recut, PG-13 version of \"\"Deadpool 2\"\" titled \"\"Once Upon a Deadpool\"\". The song played a large role in a \"\"Saturday Night Live\"\" skit on March 10, 2018 with Sterling K. Brown in which the lyrics are a dying woman's final words. The music video for \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" was directed by the Brothers Strause, and featured Nickelback playing a small venue with focus on a female audience member. Chad Kroeger admitted to disliking the idea of a small venue performance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3774544", "chunk_text": "\"How You Remind Me\"\nand is often considered to be their signature song. \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" was named the number one most played song on U.S. radio of the 2000s decade by Nielsen Soundscan, being spun over 1.2 million times on U.S. airwaves since its release in 2001 to the end of 2009. The song was named fourth on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 Songs of the Decade and 75th in the UK decade-end chart. It was nominated for the \"\"Kerrang!\"\" Award for Best Single. \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" was also rated the number one rock song and number 4 alternative song of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3774549", "chunk_text": "\"How You Remind Me\"\nYear-End Hot 100 Singles Chart, and VH1 ranked the song as the 16th Greatest Power Ballad. The song was listed at number 36 on \"\"Billboard's All Time Top 100\"\". The song also hit number one on the \"\"Kerrang!\"\" feature, 21st Century's Official 100 Rock Best Sellers. The song was the 75th best-selling single of the 2000s in the UK. In Germany, it's not just the band's best-charting single by reaching number 3 on the German Singles Chart, it's also Nickelback's longest-staying single on that chart, namely a total of 30 weeks. In 2011, Fuse TV named it the number one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13781181", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me to Forget\"\nRemind Me to Forget \"\"Remind Me to Forget\"\" is a song recorded by Norwegian record producer Kygo, featuring guest vocals from American singer Miguel. Written by David Phelan, Alex Oriet, Phil Plested and produced by Kygo, it was released on 16 March 2018 by Sony Music, Ultra Music and RCA Records, as the third single from Kygo's second studio album, \"\"Kids in Love\"\" (2017). On 8 March 2018, a short clip of the song first surfaced on the internet. On 10 March 2018, Kygo announced the song on Instagram and Facebook with a series of promotional photos. \"\"Remind Me to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3774551", "chunk_text": "\"How You Remind Me\"\nDecember 2012 as a digital download from the \"\"One Piece Film: Z Original Soundtrack\"\". The 2-track promotional CD single was released on the next day, exclusive to Japan. The song was re-released on 19 December 2013 by iTunes Stores as a digital download promotional single for her self-titled fifth album. Later, it was included in the Japan, Taiwan and China Tour Edition of the album as one of the bonus tracks. Lavigne was in the studio with Kroeger working on her fifth studio album when she was asked to contribute a song to the film, but didn't have time to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3774550", "chunk_text": "\"How You Remind Me\"\nsong of the decade. It was listed as number 9 at the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 top 100 Rock Songs of the last 50 years. \"\"Loudwire\"\" listed the song as number 30 on its list \"\"Top 21st Century Hard Rock Songs\"\". \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" was recorded by Canadian singer-songwriter Avril Lavigne for the anime film \"\"\"\". It was reported on 17 October 2012 that Lavigne would be contributing two cover songs to the film: the latter track and a cover of Joan Jett's \"\"Bad Reputation\"\". Lavigne later confirmed the new recording on 5 November 2012. It was released on 11", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18102608", "chunk_text": "\"Reminder (song)\"\nReminder (song) \"\"Reminder\"\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer The Weeknd from his third studio album, \"\"Starboy\"\" (2016). It was written by him with Dylan Wiggns, Jason Quenneville and its producers Doc McKinney, Mano and Cirkut. The song was released to rhythmic contemporary radio on May 9, 2017, as the album's fourth single in the United States. The official remix was released on August 1, 2017 and features new verses from American rappers ASAP Rocky and Young Thug. \"\"Reminder'\"\" peaked at number 31 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. It reached the top ten on both the R&B Songs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1379226", "chunk_text": "\"You Remind Me of Something\"\nYou Remind Me of Something \"\"You Remind Me of Something\"\" is a song by American R&B singer R. Kelly. As the lead single from his self-titled album, the hit song was the fourth song from Kelly to reach number-one on the US R&B chart where it stayed for a week, and peaked at number four on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. The song's spoken opening line, \"\"You remind me of something...I just can't think of what it is\"\" would be sampled in 2002 for the original version of Kelly's hit \"\"Ignition\"\". Prior to that, the line is referenced in \"\"We", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4511136", "chunk_text": "\"Songs Remind Me of You\"\nin the 2010 film Sex and the City 2, and the Swiss remix was featured in the 2015 film We Are Your Friends. Songs Remind Me of You \"\"Songs Remind Me of You\"\" is a song by Norwegian recording artist Annie from her second studio album, \"\"Don't Stop\"\" (2009). Written by Richard X and Hannah Robinson, the track was released digitally on 17 August 2009 as the album's lead single. The song, described as \"\"Annie's first true four-to-the-floor anthem leading to dancefloor abandon\"\", was produced by Richard X. It dates back to 2006, recorded with Richard X in London during", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3774552", "chunk_text": "\"How You Remind Me\"\nwrite another song during the studio sessions they had left. Kroeger later explained that it was Lavigne's idea to cover the song, stating: \"\"Avril jokingly suggested to cover a Nickelback song, but then we both figured it'd actually be a good idea to do \"\"How You Remind Me\"\". We recorded a version more similar to the original, but we both were not happy with it, thinking it needs its own spin. Avril then rearranged the song and we all liked it.\"\" An audio-only video was put on Lavigne's official Vevo on 8 January 2013. How You Remind Me \"\"How You", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11003360", "chunk_text": "\"U Remind Me\"\nrelease of previous single \"\"Pop Ya Collar\"\" which was only included in some editions of the album. \"\"U Remind Me\"\" topped the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 on July 7, 2001 and also reached the top five in Australia, Belgium, France, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. The song won Usher his first Grammy Award for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance in 2002. Its accompanying music video features Chilli of TLC as one the female leads. \"\"U Remind Me\"\" is a contemporary R&B song written in the key of G major, and is set in common time with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13781184", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me to Forget\"\nfeatures Miguel in a room where walls, chairs and furniture around him smash into pieces. On 14 May 2018, Kygo and Miguel performed the song live on \"\"The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon\"\". Credit adapted from Tidal. Remind Me to Forget \"\"Remind Me to Forget\"\" is a song recorded by Norwegian record producer Kygo, featuring guest vocals from American singer Miguel. Written by David Phelan, Alex Oriet, Phil Plested and produced by Kygo, it was released on 16 March 2018 by Sony Music, Ultra Music and RCA Records, as the third single from Kygo's second studio album, \"\"Kids in Love\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18102610", "chunk_text": "\"Reminder (song)\"\nAs of June 2018, the video has surpassed over 160 million views. The video has received four nominations at the 2017 MTV Video Music Awards; Video of the Year, Best Direction, Best Art Direction and Best Editing. Reminder (song) \"\"Reminder\"\" is a song recorded by Canadian singer The Weeknd from his third studio album, \"\"Starboy\"\" (2016). It was written by him with Dylan Wiggns, Jason Quenneville and its producers Doc McKinney, Mano and Cirkut. The song was released to rhythmic contemporary radio on May 9, 2017, as the album's fourth single in the United States. The official remix was released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3774548", "chunk_text": "\"How You Remind Me\"\nthe top single of 2002 by \"\"Billboard\"\" magazine. The single was certified Gold by the RIAA in 2005, for sales of over 500,000 copies, and by late 2010 it had sold around 860,000 copies total. The song went on to rack up four \"\"Billboard\"\" Music Awards, four Juno Awards. \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" was the number one Most Played Song of 2002 in the United States, across all formats, according to \"\"Billboard\"\" Monitor. In 2003, the song was nominated for Grammy Award for Record of the Year. \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" was the number one song on the \"\"Billboard\"\"'s 2002", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4511133", "chunk_text": "\"Songs Remind Me of You\"\nSongs Remind Me of You \"\"Songs Remind Me of You\"\" is a song by Norwegian recording artist Annie from her second studio album, \"\"Don't Stop\"\" (2009). Written by Richard X and Hannah Robinson, the track was released digitally on 17 August 2009 as the album's lead single. The song, described as \"\"Annie's first true four-to-the-floor anthem leading to dancefloor abandon\"\", was produced by Richard X. It dates back to 2006, recorded with Richard X in London during the earlier sessions for \"\"Don't Stop\"\". \"\"Songs Remind Me of You\"\" was first released on a \"\"Don't Stop\"\" album sampler in April 2008,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18102609", "chunk_text": "\"Reminder (song)\"\nchart and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. The song also charted and peaked at number 16 on the Canadian Hot 100, reaching the top 20. The single was certified Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) for combined sales and streaming equivalent units of over a million units in the United States. The music video for \"\"Reminder\"\", directed by Kid Studio, premiered via the Weeknd's Vevo channel on February 16, 2017. It features cameo appearances from Drake, ASAP Rocky, Travis Scott, Bryson Tiller, YG, French Montana, Metro Boomin, Belly, Nav, Derek Wise, and The Weeknd's co-manager Amir “Cash” Esmailian.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5432207", "chunk_text": "\"Reminding Me\"\nblack and white music video directed by Aya Tanimura premiered April 21, 2017 in conjunction with the song's digital release. It shows the duet partners individually mourning a past relationship in a mansion, with Hook stationed primarily by the piano and Hudgens by an expansive window and then an indoor pool. Later, there are scenes of the two getting intimate in a bed. The video drew praise for Hudgens's \"\"sex appeal\"\" and glamorous look. Reminding Me \"\"Reminding Me\"\" is a song recorded as a duet by Canadian singer-songwriter Shawn Hook and American actress and singer Vanessa Hudgens. Hook co-wrote the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20982135", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me (Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood song)\"\nRemind Me (Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood song) \"\"Remind Me\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Brad Paisley featuring Carrie Underwood as a duet. It was released in May 2011 as the third single from Paisley's 2011 album \"\"This Is Country Music\"\". The music video for the song premiered on CMT on July 26, 2011. The song was also named Taste of Country's Song of The Year for 2011. Paisley wrote this song with Kelley Lovelace and Chris DuBois. In an interview at the \"\"Billboard\"\" Country Music Summit in June 2011, Underwood described the recording", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3672507", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me (Röyksopp song)\"\nRemind Me (Röyksopp song) \"\"Remind Me\"\" is the fourth single by Norwegian duo Röyksopp. The single version of \"\"Remind Me\"\" is a remix and is substantially different from the album version. The vocals on the song are provided by Kings of Convenience singer Erlend Øye. \"\"Remind Me\"\" was also released as a double A-side single with \"\"So Easy\"\" after the latter was used by telecommunications company T-Mobile in a 2002 television advertisement in the UK; the single reached #21 in the UK Singles Chart. \"\"Remind Me\"\" was used in a 2006 U.S. advertisement for GEICO insurance. \"\"Remind Me\"\" is a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20811426", "chunk_text": "\"A Reminder\"\nA Reminder A Reminder is the first released extended play by singer-songwriter Drake Bell; The Nashville Sessions, Bell's first extended play, was recorded before Bell's debut album, \"\"Telegraph\"\" and never officially released. \"\"A Reminder\"\" was produced by Bell, John Fields and Bleu. The EP contains 4 tracks of new songs performed by Bell around the globe. It also contains his single \"\"Terrific\"\". \"\"Terrific\"\", the lead single of the EP, was released on June 14, 2011. Music videos for \"\"Terrific\"\" and \"\"You're Not Thinking\"\" were released on Drake Bell's official YouTube channel in 2011. \"\"A Reminder\"\" received positive reviews from critics.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8748585", "chunk_text": "Nickelback\nmemorable hooks. To record their third album \"\"Silver Side Up\"\", Nickelback collaborated with producer Rick Parashar. The album was written before the release \"\"The State\"\" and was recorded at the same studio. The album was released on Tuesday, September 11, 2001. The album peaked number 2 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 with over 177,000 copies sold in its first week and peaked number 1 at the Canadian albums chart making the band's first album to do so. The single \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" was a number one single on the Mainstream and Modern rock charts, as well as the pop chart.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12717769", "chunk_text": "\"A Dozen Roses (You Remind Me)\"\nA Dozen Roses (You Remind Me) \"\"A Dozen Roses (You Remind Me)\"\" is a song by American recording artist Monica, taken from her fifth studio album \"\"The Makings of Me\"\" (2006). It was written by rapper-producer Missy Elliott and Corte Ellis, with production helmed by the former along with David \"\"Davey Boy\"\" Lindsey and Cliff Jones. Similar to songs that Monica used to record with Elliott for her previous album, \"\"After the Storm\"\" (2003), the mid-tempo love song draws from the genres from R&B, hip hop, neo soul, as well as quiet storm and contains limited elements of 1960s Motown", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18364349", "chunk_text": "\"You Remind Me of Something\"\nRide\"\" on 1998's \"\"R\"\". The music video is directed by David Nelson. \"\"You Remind Me of Something\"\" has been sampled or interpolated in several other songs, such as in \"\"The Body\"\" by Wale and Jeremih, \"\"No Scratches\"\" by Lupe Fiasco, \"\"Weed\"\" by Chris Echols and in \"\"Como Duele\"\" by John Logo, Tommy Omeany and LilFlexs. You Remind Me of Something \"\"You Remind Me of Something\"\" is a song by American R&B singer R. Kelly. As the lead single from his self-titled album, the hit song was the fourth song from Kelly to reach number-one on the US R&B chart where", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18560956", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me (Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood song)\"\nmeet with Paisley, where they recorded the song on February 11, 2011. Upon the album's release in May 2011, Paisley expressed his hope that \"\"Remind Me\"\" would be its third single and described the decision to ask Underwood to perform on the song with him as an easy one. In May 2013, songwriter Amy Bowen filed a $10 million lawsuit against the song's writers, claiming that they had stolen the idea from a song that she wrote in 2007. The song's topic is about a married couple in seek of rekindling the flame of their relationship they once carried. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13859978", "chunk_text": "Remind\nRemind Remind (previously Remind101) is a private mobile messaging platform that enables teachers, parents, students, and administrators in K–12 schools to communicate with everyone at once. The platform has more than 20 million monthly active users across the United States. As of September 2016, Remind is used in more than 50% of the public schools in the U.S. Remind101 was founded in 2011 by brothers Brett and David Kopf to help bridge the communication gap in primary education. In 2016, they added former Bleacher Report CEO Brian Grey to the team as CEO. Brett Kopf was diagnosed with attention deficit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8645415", "chunk_text": "\"Drake Bell\"\n\"\"You're Not Thinking\"\" was released on YouTube. Bell's EP, titled A Reminder, was released on June 28, 2011. The lead single of \"\"A Reminder\"\", \"\"Terrific\"\", was released on June 14, 2011, with the music video being released on December 9, 2012. The EP was produced by John Fields, who previously worked with Rooney, Jimmy Eat World, Selena Gomez, the Jonas Brothers, and Bleu. Bell said he decided to release \"\"A Reminder\"\" because he hasn't put out new music in a few years and \"\"a full album will probably not happen until next year.\"\" Bell was also sued by Fields, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9269720", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me (Conrad Sewell song)\"\nRemind Me (Conrad Sewell song) \"\"Remind Me\"\" is the fourth solo single by Australian singer Conrad Sewell. It was released on 5 February 2016 and taken from his debut extended play, \"\"All I Know\"\". The song was used in television commercials, promoting the 2016 season of \"\"Home and Away\"\". Sewell said \"\"The lyric came from missing someone or finishing a relationship or even someone that's just not around anymore in your life. You know, it's love and loss.\"\" A Steve James remix was released on 15 April 2016. A Matvey Emerson remix was released on 6 May 2016. The video", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8332531", "chunk_text": "\"Remember I Told You\"\nRemember I Told You \"\"Remember I Told You\"\" is a song by American singer Nick Jonas featuring English singer and songwriter Anne-Marie and singer Mike Posner. It was released on May 26, 2017, through Island and Safehouse Records. The song was released only in streaming and digital formats. During an interview with \"\"Hero\"\", Jonas talked about the track saying \"\"The new track was written last year while I was on tour, which is one of my favorite times to write, when I'm constantly in front of new audiences and being inspired on a nightly basis. It was a rainy day", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17978964", "chunk_text": "\"And That Reminds Me\"\nAnd That Reminds Me \"\"And That Reminds Me\"\", also known as \"\"My Heart Reminds Me\"\", is a popular song. The music was based on the Italian instrumental, \"\"Autumn Concerto,\"\" by Camillo Bargoni. As \"\"Autumn Concerto\"\", it reached the Music Vendor pop survey in versions by Richard Hayman and Carmen Cavallaro. English language lyrics were written by Al Stillman and Paul Siegel. The first recorded version was done by Della Reese and The Honey Dreamers in 1957, under the title \"\"And That Reminds Me\"\" (Jubilee Records catalog number 5292), and it reached #9 on the weekly Billboard chart, and #12 for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11003363", "chunk_text": "\"U Remind Me\"\nDave Meyers. The video features look-a-likes for singers Mýa, Brandy, and Tamia, while featuring the real Chili of TLC at the end to show the theme of the women reminding him of his past relationships. Chilli of TLC makes a cameo appearance in the video. The video was filmed in April 2001. In he's gonna follow the remix with Latrice, Blu Cantrell and Method Man in, 2001. U Remind Me \"\"U Remind Me\"\" is a song by American entertainer Usher. It was written by Anita McCloud and Edmund Clement and produced by the latter along with Jimmy Jam and Terry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3774546", "chunk_text": "\"How You Remind Me\"\nat first, opting for a bigger scale arena concert; however, he found the outcome of the video satisfying. In the video, Kroeger plays a man whose girlfriend (played by model Annie Henley) has left him and is still haunted by her memory. He still feels strongly for her, and sees her everywhere he goes. Whenever he imagines her touch, he feels a warm memory, indicated by the change in lighting in the video. As the music video progresses, he starts to get over her. At the end, she shows up and apparently asks him to forgive her. This is what", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12618989", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me (Conrad Sewell song)\"\nwas released on 18 March 2016. Remind Me (Conrad Sewell song) \"\"Remind Me\"\" is the fourth solo single by Australian singer Conrad Sewell. It was released on 5 February 2016 and taken from his debut extended play, \"\"All I Know\"\". The song was used in television commercials, promoting the 2016 season of \"\"Home and Away\"\". Sewell said \"\"The lyric came from missing someone or finishing a relationship or even someone that's just not around anymore in your life. You know, it's love and loss.\"\" A Steve James remix was released on 15 April 2016. A Matvey Emerson remix was released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10085916", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me (Röyksopp song)\"\ncheery easy listening song with instruments of wavy, acid house-style bass notes, mellow synthesizers and jazz-influenced percussion backing a 1960s-esque dreamy vocal line. The double A-side single was released on 5 August 2002, a week before \"\"Melody A.M.\"\" was officially re-released on 12 August 2002, and did well commercially in the United Kingdom. On the UK Singles Chart, it debuted at its peak position of number 21. The song garnered critical acclaim. A writer for the \"\"Trouser Press\"\" called \"\"Remind Me\"\" close to perfect, while \"\"Billboard\"\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s Michael Paoletta honored it as a \"\"potent club track\"\". \"\"Remind Me\"\" has become somewhat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1290714", "chunk_text": "\"The Reminder\"\nThe Reminder The Reminder is the third full-length album by indie artist Feist. It was released on April 23, 2007 in countries outside of North America, and May 1, 2007 in the United States and Canada. Following its release, it debuted on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 at number 16, selling about 31,000 copies in its first week, and debuted at number 2 in Canada, selling just over 18,000 copies. As of July 25, 2011, the album has sold 729,000 copies in the US. \"\"The Reminder\"\" was also the best selling album of 2007 on the iTunes Store. On November 25,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3813715", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me (Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood song)\"\nthe relationship. In the end, they are finally face-to-face. This open end leaves up in the air if they will remind each other, just like the song. Remind Me (Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood song) \"\"Remind Me\"\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music singer Brad Paisley featuring Carrie Underwood as a duet. It was released in May 2011 as the third single from Paisley's 2011 album \"\"This Is Country Music\"\". The music video for the song premiered on CMT on July 26, 2011. The song was also named Taste of Country's Song of The Year for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15932854", "chunk_text": "\"A Dozen Roses (You Remind Me)\"\nsoul music. Built around a sample of the 1972 recording \"\"The Makings of You\"\", written and performed by Curtis Mayfield, its lyrics detail a woman's admiration for a man. The song was released as the album's second single in the United States on September 28, 2006. It garnered generally positive reviews by music critics who compared it to R. Kelly's \"\"You Remind Me of Something\"\" (1995) and praised Elliott's nostalgic, cozy and unpretentious production. \"\"A Dozen Roses (You Remind Me)\"\" peaked at number 48 on \"\"Billboard\"\"s Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, on which it became the singer's lowest-charting singles since 1999's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19587380", "chunk_text": "\"Still Reminds Me\"\nStill Reminds Me \"\"Still Reminds Me\"\" is a song by Indonesian singer Anggun, released as the first single from her second international album \"\"Chrysalis\"\". There's also a French version titled \"\"Derriere la Porte\"\", recorded for the French version of Anggun's second international album, \"\"Désirs Contraires\"\". Originally the song was written in French by Erick Benzi and then Anggun adapted it in English. The song was a hit in several countries across Europe and Asia. It became a number-one hit in Indonesia and charted inside the top 20 in Italy and the top 5 on the \"\"\"\"Music & Media Europe Border", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "222399", "chunk_text": "\"I'll Remember\"\nI'll Remember \"\"I'll Remember\"\" is a song by American singer Madonna. It was released on March 15, 1994, by Warner Bros. Records as the soundtrack single of the film \"\"With Honors\"\". It was a radical change in image and style for Madonna, who had received some negative critical and commercial feedback over the prior two years due to the release of her book \"\"Sex\"\", the studio album \"\"Erotica\"\" and the film \"\"Body of Evidence\"\". Warner Bros. had Madonna sing the song after noting most of her previous soundtrack singles had achieved commercial success. It utilizes a synthesized keyboard arrangement to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13418164", "chunk_text": "\"(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me\"\n(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me \"\"(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me\"\" is a song written in the 1960s by songwriting team Burt Bacharach and Hal David. The lyrics are from the point of view of a man who has just broken up with his lover. He would prefer to forget about her, but everywhere he goes there is always something there to remind him. Originally recorded as a demo by Dionne Warwick in 1963, \"\"(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me\"\" first charted for Lou Johnson whose version reached No. 49 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16457899", "chunk_text": "\"Straight from the Heart (Patrice Rushen album)\"\nStraight from the Heart (Patrice Rushen album) Straight from the Heart is the seventh studio album by American recording artist Patrice Rushen, released on April 14, 1982, by Elektra Records. It features her most recognizable song, \"\"Forget Me Nots\"\", the oft-sampled \"\"Remind Me\"\" and the popular instrumental workout \"\"Number One\"\". The album is Rushen's most successful album to date, reaching #14 on the album charts. The success of \"\"Forget Me Nots\"\" is perhaps considered the major contributor to the album's popularity at the time of its release. In a contemporary review for \"\"The Village Voice\"\", music critic Robert Christgau gave", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8748584", "chunk_text": "Nickelback\n200 at number 130 and peaked at number 3 in the Billboard Top Heatseekers albums chart and peaked at number 6 on the Billboard Top Independent albums chart. Around 2001, Chad Kroeger started \"\"studying every piece, everything sonically, everything lyrically, everything musically, chord structure. I would dissect every single song that I would hear on the radio or every song that had ever done well on a chart and I would say, 'Why did this do well?'\"\" Kroeger said that Nickelback's single \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" sold so well because it was about romantic relationships, a universal subject, and contained", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4511134", "chunk_text": "\"Songs Remind Me of You\"\nand it later leaked with the rest of the album that year. After Annie left Island Records, a revised edition of the album was released through Annie's own label Totally Records and Oslo-based indie label Smalltown Supersound in November 2009. \"\"Songs Remind Me of You\"\" was released as its lead single via iTunes on 17 August 2009. It was reissued on iTunes 20 July 2010, featuring brand-new cover art and a remix by Australian trio The Swiss. The track received critical acclaim upon its release. Peter Robinson of Popjustice simply called the song \"\"amazing\"\". Ian Wade of BBC Music described", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13418165", "chunk_text": "\"(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me\"\nthe summer of 1964. British impresario Eve Taylor heard Johnson's version while on a US visit scouting for material for her recent discovery Sandie Shaw, who consequently covered the song for the UK market. Rush-released in September 1964, the song was premiered by Shaw with a performance on \"\"Ready Steady Go!\"\", the pop music TV program. The first week after its release, the single sold 65,000 copies. Shaw's version reached No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart, spending three weeks at the top of that lisiting in November 1964, and that same month it debuted on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3813714", "chunk_text": "\"Remind Me (Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood song)\"\nRecording Industry Association of America on September 30, 2013, and has sold 2,152,000 copies as of January 2016. The music video for Remind Me was filmed on June 27, 2011, at El Mirage Lake, California. Deaton-Flanigen directed the video. It shows Brad Paisley and Carrie Underwood walking towards each other in the desert while they sing the song for each other. She is wearing a floral dress and he is wearing a shirt, jeans and a white cowboy hat. The desert represents their actual relationship like a barrel by walking towards each other is like they are trying to rekindle", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2674788", "chunk_text": "\"Avril Lavigne (album)\"\npromotional single \"\"How You Remind Me\"\" was released in Japan on December 11, 2012, as a digital download on the \"\"\"\" soundtrack. It was released on December 19, 2013 as a digital download in the UK. The song was included in the Japan, Taiwan and China Tour Edition of the album as one of the bonus tracks. To further promote the album, Lavigne embarked on her fifth concert tour, \"\"The Avril Lavigne Tour\"\", starting in Asia, followed by South America. In the United States, Lavigne served as opening act on the Backstreet Boys tour, \"\"In a World Like This Tour\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15932859", "chunk_text": "\"A Dozen Roses (You Remind Me)\"\nHot 100. The music video for \"\"A Dozen Roses (You Remind Me)\"\" was filmed by American director Chris Robinson, who also shot Monica's videos to \"\"All Eyez on Me\"\", \"\"So Gone\"\" and \"\"Knock Knock\"\". It was recorded in Los Angeles, California in October 2006 amid a promotional tour in support of the album's release. Actor Jamie Hector appeared as Monica's love interest in the video. Tracked by BET's documentary series \"\"Access Granted\"\", it premiered on November 15, 2006 following its making of episode. A Dozen Roses (You Remind Me) \"\"A Dozen Roses (You Remind Me)\"\" is a song by American", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17964641", "chunk_text": "\"Drake Bell discography\"\nalso included on an EP titled \"\"A Reminder\"\", released on June 28, 2011, also featuring the songs \"\"You’re Not Thinking\"\", \"\"Big Shot\"\" and \"\"Speak My Mind\"\". The EP was produced by John Fields, who previously worked with Rooney, Jimmy Eat World, Selena Gomez, the Jonas Brothers, and Bleu. Bell said he decided to release \"\"A Reminder\"\" because he hasn't put out new music in a few years and \"\"a full album will probably not happen until next year.\"\" Bell's unreleased songs with Daniella Monet, \"\"Lookin' Like Magic\"\" and \"\"Wishful Thinking\"\", appear in the films \"\"\"\" and its sequel, \"\"A Fairly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_274	the joint between a coxal bone of the pelvis and the sacrum?	n/a	[ "sacroiliac joint" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4170611", "chunk_text": "\"Sacroiliac joint\"\nSacroiliac joint The sacroiliac joint or SI joint (SIJ) is the joint between the sacrum and the ilium bones of the pelvis, which are connected by strong ligaments. In humans, the sacrum supports the spine and is supported in turn by an ilium on each side. The joint is strong, supporting the entire weight of the upper body. It is a synovial plane joint with irregular elevations and depressions that produce interlocking of the two bones. The human body has two sacroiliac joints, one on the left and one on the right, that often match each other but are highly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10222355", "chunk_text": "\"Hip bone\"\nHip bone The hip bone (os coxa, innominate bone, pelvic bone or coxal bone) is a large flat bone, constricted in the center and expanded above and below. In some vertebrates (including humans before puberty) it is composed of three parts: the ilium, ischium, and the pubis. The two hip bones join at the pubic symphysis and together with the sacrum and coccyx (the pelvic part of the spine) comprise the skeletal component of the pelvis – the pelvic girdle which surrounds the pelvic cavity. They are connected to the sacrum, which is part of the axial skeleton, at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17771255", "chunk_text": "\"Sacroiliac joint\"\nbe taken to differentiate this from hip joint pain. Women are considered more likely to suffer from sacroiliac pain than men, mostly because of structural and hormonal differences between the sexes, but so far no credible evidence exists that confirms this notion. Female anatomy often allows one fewer sacral segment to lock with the pelvis, and this may increase instability. Sacroiliac joint The sacroiliac joint or SI joint (SIJ) is the joint between the sacrum and the ilium bones of the pelvis, which are connected by strong ligaments. In humans, the sacrum supports the spine and is supported in turn", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3750463", "chunk_text": "Sacrum\nSacrum The sacrum ( or ; plural: \"\"sacra\"\" or \"\"sacrums\"\"), in human anatomy, is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms by the fusing of sacral vertebrae S1S5 between 18 and 30years of age. The sacrum is situated at the upper, back part of the pelvic cavity, between the two wings of the pelvis. It forms joints with four other bones. The two projections at the sides of the sacrum are called the alae (wings), and articulate with the ilium at the L-shaped sacroiliac joints. The upper part of the sacrum connects with the last", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19456669", "chunk_text": "\"Sacroiliac joint dysfunction\"\njoints. The pelvic girdle is made up of two innominate bones (the iliac bones) and the sacrum. The innominate bones join in the front of the pelvis to form the pubic symphysis, and at back of the sacrum to form the sacroiliac (SI) joints. Each innominate bone (ilium) joins the femur (thigh bone) to form the hip joint; thus the sacroiliac joint moves with walking and movement of the torso. In this joint, hyaline cartilage on the sacral side moves against fibrocartilage on the iliac side. The sacroiliac joint contains numerous ridges and depressions that function in stability. Studies have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10222360", "chunk_text": "\"Hip bone\"\nthe coxal bones, that secures the pubic symphysis, is called the interpubic disc. Is a continuous oval ridge of bone that runs along the pubic symphysis, pubic crests, arcuate lines, sacral alae, and sacral promontory. (J Bridges) False Pelvis- Is that portion superior to the pelvic brim; it is bounded by the alae of the ilia laterally and the sacral promontory and lumbar vertebrae posteriorly. (J Bridges) True Pelvis- is the region inferior to the pelvic brim that is almost entirely surrounded by bone. (J Bridges) Pelvic Inlet- Is the opening delineated by the pelvic brim. The widest dimension of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3750487", "chunk_text": "Sacrum\ncaudal and thoracic vertebrae to form a single structure called the synsacrum. In the frog the ilium is elongated and forms a mobile joint with the sacrum that acts as an additional limb to give more power to its leaps. Sacrum The sacrum ( or ; plural: \"\"sacra\"\" or \"\"sacrums\"\"), in human anatomy, is a large, triangular bone at the base of the spine that forms by the fusing of sacral vertebrae S1S5 between 18 and 30years of age. The sacrum is situated at the upper, back part of the pelvic cavity, between the two wings of the pelvis. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1985835", "chunk_text": "Hip\nHip In vertebrate anatomy, hip (or \"\"coxa\"\" in medical terminology) refers to either an anatomical region or a joint. The hip region is located lateral and anterior to the gluteal region (i.e., the buttock), inferior to the iliac crest, and overlying the greater trochanter of the femur, or \"\"thigh bone\"\". In adults, three of the bones of the pelvis have fused into the hip bone or acetabulum which forms part of the hip region. The hip joint, scientifically referred to as the acetabulofemoral joint (\"\"art. coxae\"\"), is the joint between the femur and acetabulum of the pelvis and its primary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12248660", "chunk_text": "Acetabulum\nAcetabulum The acetabulum (cotyloid cavity) is a concave surface of a pelvis. The head of the femur meets with the pelvis at the acetabulum, forming the hip joint. There are three bones of the os coxae (hip bone) that come together to form the acetabulum. Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which provides lower and side boundaries to the acetabulum. The ilium forms the upper boundary, providing a little less than two-fifths of the structure of the acetabulum. The rest is formed by the pubis, near the midline. It is bounded by a prominent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14464050", "chunk_text": "\"Sacrococcygeal symphysis\"\nSacrococcygeal symphysis The sacrococcygeal symphysis (sacrococcygeal articulation, articulation of the sacrum and coccyx) is an amphiarthrodial joint, formed between the oval surface at the apex of the sacrum, and the base of the coccyx. It is a slightly moveable joint which is frequently, partially or completely, obliterated in old age, homologous with the joints between the bodies of the vertebrae. The sacrococcygeal disc or interosseus ligament is similar to the intervertebral discs but thinner, thicker in front and behind than at the sides, and with a firmer texture. The articular surfaces are elliptical with longer transversal axes. The surface on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20020713", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nand to the left and right sides, by a pair of hip bones. The two hip bones connect the spine with the lower limbs. They are attached to the sacrum posteriorly, connected to each other anteriorly, and joined with the two femurs at the hip joints. The gap enclosed by the bony pelvis, called the pelvic cavity, is the section of the body underneath the abdomen and mainly consists of the reproductive organs (sex organs) and the rectum, while the pelvic floor at the base of the cavity assists in supporting the organs of the abdomen. In mammals, the bony", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20327998", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nalmost immobile joints enclosed by very taut joint capsules. This capsule is strengthened by the ventral, interosseous, and dorsal sacroiliac ligaments. The joint between the sacrum and the coccyx, the sacrococcygeal symphysis, is strengthened by a series of ligaments. The anterior sacrococcygeal ligament is an extension of the anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) that run down the anterior side of the vertebral bodies. Its irregular fibers blend with the periosteum. The posterior sacrococcygeal ligament has a deep and a superficial part, the former is a flat band corresponding to the posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL) and the latter corresponds to the ligamenta", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14464052", "chunk_text": "\"Sacrococcygeal symphysis\"\nthe palpating finger on the dorsal surface of the coccyx, a degree of rotation can be produced with an applied forward pressure. Sacrococcygeal symphysis The sacrococcygeal symphysis (sacrococcygeal articulation, articulation of the sacrum and coccyx) is an amphiarthrodial joint, formed between the oval surface at the apex of the sacrum, and the base of the coccyx. It is a slightly moveable joint which is frequently, partially or completely, obliterated in old age, homologous with the joints between the bodies of the vertebrae. The sacrococcygeal disc or interosseus ligament is similar to the intervertebral discs but thinner, thicker in front and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10222357", "chunk_text": "\"Hip bone\"\neach other at the pubic symphysis. Together with the sacrum and coccyx, the hip bones form the pelvis. Ilium (plural \"\"ilia\"\") is the uppermost and largest region. It makes up two fifths of the acetabulum. It is divisible into two parts: the body and the ala or wing of ilium; the separation is indicated on the top surface by a curved line, the arcuate line, and on the external surface by the margin of the acetabulum. The body of ilium forms the sacroiliac joint with the sacrum. The edge of the wing of ilium forms the S-shaped iliac crest which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20327997", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nbecome lax permitting a high degree of mobility in the joint. When standing, with the hip joint extended, the ligaments get twisted around the femoral neck, pushing the head of the femur firmly into the Acetabulum, thus stabilizing the joint. The two hip bones are joined anteriorly at the pubic symphysis by a fibrous cartilage covered by a hyaline cartilage, the interpubic disk, within which a non-synovial cavity might be present. Two ligaments, the superior and inferior pubic ligaments, reinforce the symphysis. Both sacroiliac joints, formed between the auricular surfaces of the sacrum and the two hip bones. are amphiarthroses,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19259890", "chunk_text": "\"Buttock augmentation\"\nsacrum, which is the large, triangular bone located at the base of the vertebral column, and at the upper- and back-part of the pelvic cavity, where it is inserted (like a wedge) between the two hip bones. The upper part of the sacrum is connected to the final lumbar vertebra (L5), and to the bottom of the coccyx (tailbone). At its origin, the gluteus maximus muscle extends to include parts of the iliac bone, the sacrum, the coccyx, the sacrosciatic ligament, and the tuberosity of the ischium. Like every pelvic-area muscle, the gluteus maximus muscle originates from the pelvis; nonetheless,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20020712", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nPelvis The pelvis (plural pelves or pelvises) is either the lower part of the trunk of the human body between the abdomen and the thighs (sometimes also called pelvic region of the trunk) or the skeleton embedded in it (sometimes also called bony pelvis, or pelvic skeleton). The pelvic region of the trunk includes the bony pelvis, the pelvic cavity (the space enclosed by the bony pelvis), the pelvic floor, below the pelvic cavity, and the perineum, below the pelvic floor. The pelvic skeleton is formed in the area of the back, by the sacrum and the coccyx and anteriorly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20020727", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nthe pelvis may be thought of as four roughly triangular and twisted rings. Each superior ring is formed by the iliac bone; the anterior side stretches from the acetabulum up to the anterior superior iliac spine; the posterior side reaches from the top of the acetabulum to the sacroiliac joint; and the third side is formed by the palpable iliac crest. The lower ring, formed by the rami of the pubic and ischial bones, supports the acetabulum and is twisted 80-90 degrees in relation to the superior ring. An alternative approach is to consider the pelvis part of an integrated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5798977", "chunk_text": "\"Pelvic girdle pain\"\ntime, the ligaments could be stretched either by injury or excess strain and in turn may cause PGP. The pelvis is the largest bony part of the skeleton and contains three joints: the pubic symphysis, and two sacroiliac joints. A highly durable network of ligaments surrounds these joints giving them tremendous strength. The pubic symphysis has a fibrocartilage joint which may contain a fluid filled cavity and is avascular; it is supported by the superior and arcuate ligaments. The sacroiliac joints are synovial, but their movement is restricted throughout life and they are progressively obliterated by adhesions. The nature of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9052267", "chunk_text": "\"Sacrospinous ligament\"\nSacrospinous ligament The sacrospinous ligament (small or anterior sacrosciatic ligament) is a thin, triangular ligament in the human pelvis. The base of the ligament is attached to the outer edge of the sacrum and coccyx, and the tip of the ligament attaches to the spine of the ischium, a bone in the human pelvis. Its fibres are intermingled with the sacrotuberous ligament. The sacrotuberous ligament passes behind the sacrospinous ligament. In its entire length it covers the equally triangular coccygeus muscle, to which its closely connected. The presence of the ligament in the greater sciatic notch creates an opening (foramen),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18967785", "chunk_text": "\"Surgery for the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint\"\nSurgery for the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint The sacroiliac joint is a paired joint in the pelvis that lies between the sacrum and an ilium. Due to its location in the lower back, a dysfunctional sacroiliac joint may cause lower back and/or leg pain. The resulting leg pain can be severe, resembling sciatica or a slipped disc. While nonsurgical treatments are effective for some, others have found that surgery for the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint is the only method to relieve pain. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction is diagnosed by a physician. Associated surgery should only occur when certain criteria are satisfied. Surgical options,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20154473", "chunk_text": "\"Surgery for the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint\"\nare needed to move this surgery into the knowledge base of surgical education and surgical societies. Advancements in surgery are expected to continue as science is applied further to the diagnosis and treatment of sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Surgery for the dysfunctional sacroiliac joint The sacroiliac joint is a paired joint in the pelvis that lies between the sacrum and an ilium. Due to its location in the lower back, a dysfunctional sacroiliac joint may cause lower back and/or leg pain. The resulting leg pain can be severe, resembling sciatica or a slipped disc. While nonsurgical treatments are effective for some,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12248665", "chunk_text": "Acetabulum\nilium, ischium, and pubis. This cartilage ossifies as the child grows. The word acetabulum literally means \"\"little vinegar cup\"\". It was the Latin word for a small vessel for serving vinegar. The word was later also used as a unit of volume. Acetabulum The acetabulum (cotyloid cavity) is a concave surface of a pelvis. The head of the femur meets with the pelvis at the acetabulum, forming the hip joint. There are three bones of the os coxae (hip bone) that come together to form the acetabulum. Contributing a little more than two-fifths of the structure is the ischium, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20328005", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nthe spine between the rib cage and pelvis. The iliacus originates on the iliac fossa to join psoas at the iliopubic eminence to form the iliopsoas which is inserted into the lesser trochanter. The iliopsoas is the most powerful hip flexor. The posterior group includes the gluteii maximus, medius, and minimus. Maximus has a wide origin stretching from the posterior part of the iliac crest and along the sacrum and coccyx, and has two separate insertions: a proximal which radiates into the iliotibial tract and a distal which inserts into the gluteal tuberosity on the posterior side of the femoral", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3750469", "chunk_text": "Sacrum\napex is directed downward and presents an oval facet for articulation with the coccyx. The sacral canal as a continuation of the vertebral canal runs throughout the greater part of the sacrum. The sacral angle is the angle formed by the true conjugate with the two pieces of sacrum. Normally it is greater than 60 degrees. A sacral angle of lesser degree suggests funneling of the pelvis. The sacral promontory marks part of the border of the pelvic inlet, and comprises the iliopectineal line and the linea terminalis. The sacral promontory articulates with the last lumbar vertebra to form the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20020714", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\npelvis has a gap in the middle, significantly larger in females than in males. Their young pass through this gap when they are born. The pelvic region of the trunk is the lower part of the trunk, between the abdomen and the thighs. It includes several structures: the bony pelvis, the pelvic cavity, the pelvic floor, and the perineum. The bony pelvis (pelvic skeleton) is the part of the skeleton embedded in the pelvic region of the trunk. It is subdivided into the pelvic girdle and the pelvic spine. The pelvic girdle is composed of the appendicular hip bones (ilium,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20327985", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nischium, and pubis) oriented in a ring, and connects the pelvic region of the spine to the lower limbs. The pelvic spine consists of the sacrum and coccyx. The pelvic skeleton is formed posteriorly (in the area of the back), by the sacrum and the coccyx and laterally and anteriorly (forward and to the sides), by a pair of hip bones. Each hip bone consists of 3 sections, ilium, ischium, and pubis. During childhood, these sections are separate bones, joined by the triradiate cartilage. During puberty, they fuse together to form a single bone. The pelvic cavity is a body", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3750470", "chunk_text": "Sacrum\nsacrovertebral angle, an angle of 30 degrees from the horizontal plane that provides a useful marker for a sling implant procedure. The pelvic surface of the sacrum is concave from the top, and curved slightly from side to side. Its middle part is crossed by four transverse ridges, which correspond to the original planes of separation between the five sacral vertebrae. The body of the first segment is large and has the form of a lumbar vertebra; the bodies of the next bones get progressively smaller, are flattened from the back, and curved to shape themselves to the sacrum, being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20328003", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nthe abdominal cavity and pull the diaphragm upward. There are two muscles in the deep or posterior group. Quadratus lumborum arises from the posterior part of the iliac crest and extends to the rib XII and lumbar vertebrae I-IV. It unilaterally bends the trunk to the side and bilaterally pulls the 12th rib down and assists in expiration. The iliopsoas consists of psoas major (and occasionally psoas minor) and iliacus, muscles with separate origins but a common insertion on the lesser trochanter of the femur. Of these, only iliacus is attached to the pelvis (the iliac fossa). However, psoas passes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4170615", "chunk_text": "\"Sacroiliac joint\"\nlike all lower extremity joints, provides a \"\"self-locking\"\" mechanism (where the joint occupies or attains its most congruent position, also called the close pack position) that helps with stability during the push-off phase of walking. The joint locks (or rather becomes close packed) on one side as weight is transferred from one leg to the other, and through the pelvis the body weight is transmitted from the sacrum to the hip bone. The motions of the sacroiliac joint The sacroiliac joints like all spinal joints (except the atlanto-axial) are bicondylar joints, meaning that movement of one side corresponds to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20327996", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nala of the sacrum. The movements possible in the lumbosacral joint are flexion and extension, a small amount of lateral flexion (from 7 degrees in childhood to 1 degree in adults), but no axial rotation. Between ages 2–13 the joint is responsible for as much as 75% (about 18 degrees) of flexion and extension in the lumbar spine. From age 35 the ligaments considerably limit the range of motions. The three extracapsular ligaments of the hip joint—the iliofemoral, ischiofemoral, and pubofemoral ligaments—form a twisting mechanism encircling the neck of the femur. When sitting, with the hip joint flexed, these ligaments", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10222361", "chunk_text": "\"Hip bone\"\nthe pelvic inlet is from left to right, that is, along the frontal plane. (J Bridges) Pelvic Outlet- Is the margin of the true pelvis. It is bounded anteriorly by the pubic arch, laterally by the ischia, and posteriorly by the sacrum and coccyx. (J Bridges) The superior pubic ramus is a part of the pubic bone which forms a portion of the obturator foramen. It extends from the body to the median plane where it articulates with its fellow of the opposite side. It is conveniently described in two portions: a medial flattened part and a narrow lateral prismoid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7165765", "chunk_text": "\"Sacroiliac joint dysfunction\"\nstudies have found up to 75% of post-lumbar fusion patients develop SI joint degeneration within five years of surgery. Pathological hypomobility (too little movement) of the sacroiliac joint is an intra-articular disorder in which the joint locks due to wearing down with age or degenerative joint disease. Hypomobility of this kind can also occur with an inflammatory disease such as ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, or an infection. The sacroiliac joint is a true diarthrodial joint that joins the sacrum to the pelvis. The sacrum connects on the right and left sides to the ilia (pelvic bones) to form the sacroiliac", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3750467", "chunk_text": "Sacrum\niliacus muscle. The posterior quarter of the ala represents the transverse process, and its anterior three-quarters the costal process of the first sacral segment. Each ala also serves as part of the border of the pelvic brim. The alae also form the base of the lumbosacral triangle. The iliolumbar ligament and lumbosacral ligaments are attached to the ala. In the middle of the base is a large oval articular surface, the upper surface of the body of the first sacral vertebra, which is connected with the under surface of the body of the last lumbar vertebra by an intervertebral fibrocartilage.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10222356", "chunk_text": "\"Hip bone\"\nsacroiliac joint. Each hip bone is connected to the corresponding femur (thigh bone) (forming the primary connection between the bones of the lower limb and the axial skeleton) through the large ball and socket joint of the hip. The hip bone is formed by three parts: ilium, ischium, and pubis. At birth, these three components are separated by hyaline cartilage. They join each other in a Y-shaped portion of cartilage in the acetabulum. By the end of puberty the three regions will have fused together, and by the age of 25 they will have ossified. The two hip bones join", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14390888", "chunk_text": "\"Sacroiliac joint\"\nthe short (interosseous) runs perpendicular from just behind the articular surfaces of the sacrum to the ilium and functions to keep the sacroiliac joint from distracting or opening. The sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments (also known as the extrinsic sacroiliac joint ligaments) limit the amount the sacrum flexes. The ligaments of the sacroiliac joint loosen during pregnancy due to the hormone relaxin; this loosening, along with that of the related symphysis pubis, permits the pelvic joints to widen during the birthing process. The long SI ligaments may be palpated in thin persons for pain and compared from one side of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7418493", "chunk_text": "\"Sacrospinous ligament\"\nother pelvic ligaments and supportive structures are weakened. One treatment is sacrospinous fixation. In this surgery, the apex of the vagina is sutured to the sacrospinous ligament, which may offer a sturdier support than weakened pelvic ligaments, ideally preventing further prolapse. Sacrospinous ligament The sacrospinous ligament (small or anterior sacrosciatic ligament) is a thin, triangular ligament in the human pelvis. The base of the ligament is attached to the outer edge of the sacrum and coccyx, and the tip of the ligament attaches to the spine of the ischium, a bone in the human pelvis. Its fibres are intermingled with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14366609", "chunk_text": "\"Ilium (bone)\"\n\"\"ilis\"\"), meaning \"\"groin\"\" or \"\"flank\"\". The ilium consists of the body and wing. Together with the ischium and pubis, to which the ilium is connected, these form the pelvic bone, with only a faint line indicating the place of union. The body () forms less than two-fifths of the acetabulum; and also forms part of the acetabular fossa. The internal surface of the body is part of the wall of the lesser pelvis and gives origin to some fibers of the obturator internus. The wing () is the large expanded portion which bounds the greater pelvis laterally. It has an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14464051", "chunk_text": "\"Sacrococcygeal symphysis\"\nthe sacrum is convex and that on the coccyx concave. Occasionally the coccyx is freely movable on the sacrum, most notably during pregnancy; in such cases a synovial membrane is present. The joint is strengthened by a series of ligaments: Movements in the joint are restricted to flexion and extension. These essentially passive movements occurs during defecation and labour. When movements in the sacrum increase the anteroposterior diameter of the pelvic outlet, movements in the sacrococcygeal joint can further increase this diameter. The joint is palpable deep within the natal cleft, and can be felt as a horizontal groove. With", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4997062", "chunk_text": "\"Sacroiliac joint\"\nvariable from person to person. Sacroiliac joints are paired C-shaped or L-shaped joints capable of a small amount of movement (2–18 degrees, which is debatable at this time) that are formed between the auricular surfaces of the sacrum and the ilium bones. The joints are covered by two different kinds of cartilage; the sacral surface has hyaline cartilage and the iliac surface has fibrocartilage. The SIJ's stability is maintained mainly through a combination of only some bony structure and very strong intrinsic and extrinsic ligaments. The joint space is usually 0.5 to 4 mm. As we age the characteristics of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3750466", "chunk_text": "Sacrum\na lateral surface. The base of the sacrum, which is broad and expanded, is directed upward and forward. On either side of the base is a large projection known as an ala of sacrum and these alae (wings) articulate with the sacroiliac joints. The alae support the psoas major muscles and the lumbosacral trunk which connects the lumbar plexus with the sacral plexus. In the articulated pelvis the alae are continuous with the iliac fossa. Each ala is slightly concave from side to side, and convex from the back and gives attachment to a few of the fibers of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14457977", "chunk_text": "\"Interosseous sacroiliac ligament\"\nInterosseous sacroiliac ligament The interosseous sacroiliac ligament is a ligament of the sacroiliac joint that lies deep to the posterior ligament, and consists of a series of short, strong fibers connecting the tuberosities of the sacrum and ilium. It is the strongest ligament in the body. The major function of the interosseous sacroiliac ligament is to keep the sacrum and ilium together and therefore prevent abduction or distraction of the sacroiliac joint. It also helps to bear the weight of the thorax, upper limbs, head, and neck. This is performed by the nearly horizontal direction of the fibers running perpendicular", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20327995", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nand the last lumbar vertebra, has, like all vertebal joints, an intervertebral disc, anterior and posterior ligaments, ligamenta flava, interspinous and supraspinous ligaments, and synovial joints between the articular processes of the two bones. In addition to these ligaments the joint is strengthened by the iliolumbar and lateral lumbosacral ligaments. The iliolumbar ligament passes between the tip of the transverse process of the fifth lumbar vertebra and the posterior part of the iliac crest. The lateral lumbosacral ligament, partly continuous with the iliolumbar ligament, passes down from the lower border of the transverse process of the fifth vertebra to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3750465", "chunk_text": "Sacrum\nThe number of sacral vertebrae varies slightly. For instance, the S1S5 vertebrae of a horse will fuse, the S1S3 of a dog will fuse, and four pelvic vertebrae of a rat will fuse between the lumbar and the caudal vertebrae of its tail. The \"\"Stegosaurus\"\" dinosaur had a greatly enlarged neural canal in the sacrum, characterized as a \"\"posterior brain case”. The sacrum is a complex structure providing support for the spine and accommodation for the spinal nerves. It also articulates with the hip bones. The sacrum has a base, an apex, and three surfaces – a pelvic, dorsal and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4473715", "chunk_text": "Thigh\nThigh In human anatomy, the thigh is the area between the hip (pelvis) and the knee. Anatomically, it is part of the lower limb. The single bone in the thigh is called the femur. This bone is very thick and strong (due to the high proportion of bone tissue), and forms a ball and socket joint at the hip, and a modified hinge joint at the knee. The femur is the only bone in the thigh and serves for an attachment site for all muscles in the thigh. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum in the pelvic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17398820", "chunk_text": "\"Coccyx fracture\"\nCoccyx fracture A coccyx fracture is a fracture of the coccyx, commonly called a 'broken tailbone' or ‘puzzle fracture.’ The coccyx is located at the base of the spine, under the sacrum. It is the last section of the ape vertebral column. Most commonly in humans it comprises 3 to 5 fused (or, more rarely, separate) vertebrae, and is approximately 4 to 10 cm in length. The coccyx is attached to the sacrum by a fibrocartilaginous joint, called the sacrococcygeal symphysis, allowing for some (but little) movement. Causes of coccyx fracture can vary greatly, but are most commonly confined to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20327992", "chunk_text": "Pelvis\nis thus strong and rigid. Its secondary functions are to contain and protect the pelvic and abdominopelvic viscera (inferior parts of the urinary tracts, internal reproductive organs), providing attachment for external reproductive organs and associated muscles and membranes. The pelvic girdle consists of the two hip bones. The hip bones are connected to each other anteriorly at the pubic symphysis, and posteriorly to the sacrum at the sacroiliac joints to form the pelvic ring. The ring is very stable and allows very little mobility, a prerequisite for transmitting loads from the trunk to the lower limbs. As a mechanical structure", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14457978", "chunk_text": "\"Interosseous sacroiliac ligament\"\nfrom the sacrum to the ilium. Interosseous sacroiliac ligament The interosseous sacroiliac ligament is a ligament of the sacroiliac joint that lies deep to the posterior ligament, and consists of a series of short, strong fibers connecting the tuberosities of the sacrum and ilium. It is the strongest ligament in the body. The major function of the interosseous sacroiliac ligament is to keep the sacrum and ilium together and therefore prevent abduction or distraction of the sacroiliac joint. It also helps to bear the weight of the thorax, upper limbs, head, and neck. This is performed by the nearly horizontal", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11984015", "chunk_text": "Sacroiliitis\nof the condition is also where the pain is occurring. Symptoms commonly include prolonged, inflammatory pain in the lower back region, hips or buttocks. However, in more severe cases, pain can become more radicular and manifest itself in seemingly unrelated areas of the body including the legs, groin and feet. Symptoms are typically aggravated by: Sacroiliitis is a condition caused by inflammation within the sacroiliac joint. This joint is located where the base of the spine, known as the sacrum, and the pelvis, known as the ilium, intersect. \"\"Itis\"\" is a latin term denoting inflammation. Since sacroiliitis can describe any", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19347508", "chunk_text": "Vertebra\nof the transverse process. The term lumbosacral is often used to refer to the lumbar and sacral vertebrae together, and sometimes includes their surrounding areas. There are five sacral vertebrae (S1–S5) which are fused in maturity, into one large bone, the sacrum, with no intervertebral discs. The sacrum with the ilium forms a sacroiliac joint on each side of the pelvis, which articulates with the hips. The last three to five coccygeal vertebrae (but usually four) (Co1–Co5) make up the tailbone or coccyx. There are no intervertebral discs. Somites form in the early embryo and some of these develop into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_275	what is the song in red dead redemption?	n/a	[ "Far Away" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9205495", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\nScore at the Spike Video Game Awards; the latter also awarded \"\"Far Away\"\" by José González with Best Song in a Game. Gonzalez performed the song on Zane Lowe's show on BBC Radio 1 in June 2010, at the Rockstar offices in New York in July 2010, and at the Spike Video Game Awards in December 2010. The performance at the Spike Video Game Awards was accompanied by a music video for the song, which Rockstar published a few weeks later. Ashtar Command also performed a live version of the song \"\"Deadman's Gun\"\" in August 2010. The popularity of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4865575", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption\"\nwere mostly recorded using motion capture technology, with additional dialogue and sound effects recorded in a studio. \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" also features an original score, which was composed by Bill Elm and Woody Jackson, collaborating with each other over fifteen months. Rockstar also consulted musicians who played traditional Western instruments, such as harmonica player Tommy Morgan. Though a technology demonstration was shown in 2005, \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" was first formally announced by Rockstar Games on February 3, 2009. The debut trailer was released on May 6, 2009, introducing the game's protagonist. The game missed its original projected April 2010 release", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15081944", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\nsuch as Tommy Morgan during production. Four supplementary vocal recordings were also produced for the game. The soundtrack album for \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" was released on iTunes in May 2010. Additional compositions, composed for the game's downloadable content \"\"\"\", were released on a second soundtrack in November 2010. Critical reception to the soundtracks was positive, as reviewers felt that the music connected appropriately with the gameplay and genre. The game's music was nominated for numerous awards. Several tracks became popular and begot cover versions and live performances. \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" is one of the first games by Rockstar to use", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11310188", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\nand features four additional vocal songs. Rockstar Games first published the album digitally via iTunes on 18 May 2010, and physically on 23 August 2010. A limited vinyl record of the soundtrack was also released on 18 November 2010, as a collaboration between Rockstar and Wax Poetics. In the context of the game, \"\"Red Dead Redemption Original Soundtrack\"\" was well received. Simon Parkin of Eurogamer named it \"\"standout\"\", praising the use of multiple instruments. GamePro's Will Herring echoed these opinions, comparing the soundtrack to Ennio Morricone's \"\"Dollars Trilogy\"\". Justin Calvert of GameSpot called the soundtrack \"\"superb\"\", and IGN's Erik Brudvig", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9205439", "chunk_text": "\"Development of Red Dead Redemption\"\nworld, set in New Austin, Nuevo Paraíso and West Elizabeth, represents iconic features of the American frontier, in which the game is set. In \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\", players mainly control former outlaw John Marston as he sets out to bring his former gang to justice. The team used motion capture to record the body movements of the characters and hired professional actors to provide voices. \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" features an original score composed over fifteen months by two music producers. Collaboratively, the duo composed over fourteen hours of music, which scores the game's missions. Preliminary work on \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11310187", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\nresearching music for inspiration, Jackson found that there was no \"\"Western sound\"\" in 1911; he felt that the soundtracks of 1960s Western films, such as Ennio Morricone's work on the \"\"Dollars Trilogy\"\", was more representative of Western music. In appropriating the score to the game's setting, Elm commented that the process was initially \"\"daunting\"\", taking a long time to discover how the music was to work in an interactive way. Red Dead Redemption Original Soundtrack comprises songs from the game, composed and produced by Bill Elm and Woody Jackson. The soundtrack spans twenty tracks, covering a duration of 75 minutes,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067423", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\nSadie, and Charles. Afterward, Sadie and Charles leave for other pursuits. The final scene shows Pinkerton agents Ross and Fordham observing John's ranch, initiating the events of \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\". \"\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\" was developed by Rockstar Studios, a collaborative effort between all of Rockstar Games' studios functioning as a single team, using the proprietary Rockstar Advanced Game Engine (RAGE). Woody Jackson, who co-composed the score of \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\", reprises his role. The game was announced in October 2016. In the two days prior, the company had used various social media platforms as well as their own website", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4694200", "chunk_text": "\"Big Iron\"\nBig Iron \"\"Big Iron\"\" is a country ballad written and performed by Marty Robbins, originally released as an album track on \"\"Gunfighter Ballads and Trail Songs\"\" in September 1959, then as a single in February 1960 with the song \"\"Saddle Tramp\"\" as the B-side single. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time. It tells the story of an Arizona Ranger's duel with an outlaw named Texas Red in the \"\"town of Agua Fria\"\". The townspeople predict the death of the Ranger, Texas Red having already killed \"\"one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10993955", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\nRed Dead Redemption 2 Red Dead Redemption 2 is a Western-themed action-adventure game developed and published by Rockstar Games. It was released on October 26, 2018, for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One consoles. The third entry in the \"\"Red Dead\"\" series, it is a prequel to the 2010 game \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\". Set in 1899 in a fictionalized version of the Western United States, the story centers on outlaw Arthur Morgan, a member of the Van der Linde gang dealing with the decline of the Wild West whilst attempting to survive against government forces, rival gangs, and other opponents.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13076888", "chunk_text": "\"Music of The Last of Us\"\nin the film \"\"No Country for Old Men\"\" (2007), the team used music judiciously and tried to find other ways to \"\"make your palms sweaty\"\". The orchestral portions of the score were recorded at Ocean Way Studios in Nashville by the Nashville Scoring Orchestra. Aside from the official soundtracks, licensed tracks also appear in the game. In the main game, during the section titled \"\"Alone and Forsaken\"\", Joel and Ellie listen to the songs \"\"I'll Never Get Out of This World Alive\"\" and \"\"Alone and Forsaken\"\", both by Hank Williams. In the downloadable expansion pack \"\"\"\", Ellie and Riley dance", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4694203", "chunk_text": "\"Big Iron\"\nchart in Canada. Other covers of the song include: Big Iron \"\"Big Iron\"\" is a country ballad written and performed by Marty Robbins, originally released as an album track on \"\"Gunfighter Ballads and Trail Songs\"\" in September 1959, then as a single in February 1960 with the song \"\"Saddle Tramp\"\" as the B-side single. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time. It tells the story of an Arizona Ranger's duel with an outlaw named Texas Red in the \"\"town of Agua Fria\"\". The townspeople predict the death", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6265773", "chunk_text": "\"D'Angelo\"\nsymbol. This was followed by numerous personal struggles including alcoholism, and a fourteen-year musical hiatus. D'Angelo released his third studio album, \"\"Black Messiah\"\", in December 2014. The album was met with critical acclaim and fared well on music charts, peaking at number five on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" 200. D'Angelo also contributed to the soundtrack for the 2018 video game \"\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\", performing the song \"\"Unshaken\"\". D'Angelo was born Michael Eugene Archer, in Richmond, Virginia on February 11, 1974, to a Pentecostal preacher father. He was raised in an entirely Pentecostal family. Archer's musical talents were discovered very early", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14009065", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption\"\nRed Dead Redemption Red Dead Redemption is a Western-themed action-adventure game developed by Rockstar San Diego and published by Rockstar Games. A spiritual successor to 2004's \"\"Red Dead Revolver\"\", it is the second game in the \"\"Red Dead\"\" series, and was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in May 2010. \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" is set during the decline of the American frontier in the year 1911 and follows John Marston, a former outlaw whose wife and son are taken hostage by the government in ransom for his services as a hired gun. Having no other choice, Marston sets", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10741602", "chunk_text": "\"Red Cold River\"\nRed Cold River \"\"Red Cold River\"\" is a song by American rock band Breaking Benjamin. It was their lead single from their sixth studio album \"\"Ember\"\". The song peaked at number two on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Mainstream Rock chart. \"\"Red Cold River\"\" was first announced as the lead single for the band's sixth studio album, \"\"Ember\"\", in December 2017. A short teaser clip of the song was released on January 1, 2018, while the full song was later officially released on January 5, 2018. The song debuted number 38 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Mainstream Rock Songs chart in its first week at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11310181", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\nMusic of Red Dead Redemption The music for the 2010 action-adventure western video game \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\", developed by Rockstar San Diego and published by Rockstar Games, was composed by musicians Bill Elm and Woody Jackson. Recorded at Jackson's studio in Los Angeles, the soundtracks were produced by David Holmes. The music was intended to imitate soundtracks of 1960s Western films, such as Ennio Morricone's work on the \"\"Dollars Trilogy\"\". In collaboration with each other, Elm and Jackson produced over fourteen hours of music across fifteen months. The composers used unconventional instruments to create unique sounds, and worked with artists", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9205459", "chunk_text": "\"Development of Red Dead Redemption\"\nspent three weeks compiling fifteen instrumental tracks that could be used as standalone songs for the game's official soundtrack. Holmes attempted to make the soundtrack representative of the variety of sounds and moods in the game. Four vocal performances were also recorded for use in the soundtrack. Recorded at 130 beats per minute in A minor, most of songs featured are constructed from stems in the game's dynamic soundtrack. A mix of modern instruments and those featured in traditional Western films, such as the jaw harp, were used. Creative uses of instruments were used to bring unique sounds, such as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7037732", "chunk_text": "\"Woody Jackson\"\nWoody Jackson Woodrow Wilson Jackson III, known professionally as Woody Jackson, is an American composer, producer and session musician. Jackson is best known for his scores for the video games \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" (with Bill Elm), \"\"Grand Theft Auto V\"\" (with Tangerine Dream, The Alcemist and Oh No) and \"\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\". He operates and works at Hollywood-based Vox Recording Studios, which he overtook in 2009. Woodrow Wilson Jackson III was born in Oil City, Pennsylvania and raised in York, Pennsylvania and Richmond, Virginia. Jackson studied as Virginia State University, where he took harmonica lessons. He eventually dropped out", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9497260", "chunk_text": "\"Rhiannon Giddens\"\n2019. Then in March 2018, Giddens fulfilled a previously announced engagement as guest curator for the Cambridge Folk Festival by inviting Peggy Seeger, Kaia Kater, Birds of Chicago, Amythyst Kiah, and Yola Carter to perform at the event. Giddens recorded vocals for \"\"Silo Songs\"\", an audio installation created by composer Brad Wells for Hancock Shaker Village. She contributed a song, \"\"See The Fire In Your Eyes\"\", to the popular video game Red Dead Redemption 2 which was released in October 2018. The song was written with Daniel Lanois. Beginning in December 2018, she is hosting a podcast called \"\"Aria Code", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067405", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\nNarrative\"\" and \"\"Best Score/Music\"\" at The Game Awards 2018. \"\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\" is a Western-themed action-adventure game set in an open world environment. It is played from either a third or first-person perspective and the player controls Arthur Morgan, an outlaw and a member of the Van der Linde gang. The game features both single-player and online multiplayer components. The game brings back and deeply refines mechanics from the previous game, such as the combat, gunplay, honor system and more. It also has many new features, including dual-wielding and swimming. The game focuses heavily on player choice for the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19044500", "chunk_text": "\"Bury Me Not on the Lone Prairie\"\n\"\"Stagecoach\"\" - its haunting theme is repeatedly heard throughout the movie. The song has been a popular recording, having been released on album by Moe Bandy, Johnny Cash, Burl Ives, Bruce Molsky, Tex Ritter, and Roy Rogers, among others. Even avant-garde musicians, The Residents, have covered the song for live performances. Under the alternate title \"\"Bury Me Out on the Lone Prairie\"\", it has been recorded by Johnnie Ray. A version of this song was used in the popular video game \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\", sung by William Elliott Whitmore. The song records the plaintive request of a dying man not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15213895", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption\"\nof honor and fame and how other characters respond to the player. An online multiplayer mode is included with the game, allowing up to 16 players to engage in both cooperative and competitive gameplay in a recreation of the single-player setting. \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" was developed over the course of five years and is one of the most expensive video games ever made. The game received critical acclaim for its visuals, dynamically-generated music, voice acting, gameplay, and story, and shipped over 15 million copies by 2017. It won several year-end accolades, including Game of the Year awards from several gaming", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11310185", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\nfifteen months. The original score and subsequent album were both recorded and mixed at Jackson's personal recording studio in Los Angeles, and mastered at Capitol Studios. Following the recording, Irish producer and composer David Holmes listened to the original score, and subsequently spent three weeks compiling fifteen instrumental tracks that could be used as standalone songs for the game's official soundtrack. Holmes attempted to make the soundtrack representative of the variety of sounds and moods in the game. Four vocal performances were also recorded for use in the soundtrack. Recorded at 130 beats per minute in A minor, most of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6337015", "chunk_text": "\"True Grit: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack\"\nTrue Grit: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack True Grit: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is a soundtrack to the film of the same name. \"\"True Grit\"\" is the 15th Coen brothers film scored by long-time collaborator Carter Burwell. The Coens discussed the idea of using 19th-century church music, \"\"something that was severe (sounding). It couldn't be soothing or uplifting, and at the same time it couldn't be outwardly depressing. I spent the summer going through hymn books,\"\" Burwell said. Johnny Cash's rendition of \"\"God's Gonna Cut You Down\"\" was used in the theatrical trailer. The 1888 hymn \"\"Leaning on the Everlasting Arms\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15081947", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\nsongs featured are constructed from motifs in the game's dynamic soundtrack. A mix of modern instruments and those featured in traditional Western films, such as the jaw harp, were used. Creative uses of instruments were used to bring unique sounds, such as playing a trumpet onto the surface of a timpani drum. Rockstar also consulted musicians who played traditional Western instruments; harmonica player Tommy Morgan, who had been featured on several films over his 60-year career, provided traditional harmonica segments for the game. Beyond trumpets, nylon guitars and accordions, the composers incorporated other instruments, such as flutes and ocarinas. When", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13171544", "chunk_text": "\"Red River Valley (song)\"\nRed River Valley (song) \"\"Red River Valley\"\" is a folk song and cowboy music standard of uncertain origins that has gone by different names (such as \"\"Cowboy Love Song\"\", \"\"Bright Sherman Valley\"\", \"\"Bright Laurel Valley\"\", \"\"In the Bright Mohawk Valley\"\", and \"\"Bright Little Valley\"\"), depending on where it has been sung. It is listed as Roud Folk Song Index 756 and by Edith Fowke as FO 13. It is recognizable by its chorus (with several variations): Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time, ranked #10. Edith Fowke", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11386338", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption\"\na sequel. The game, \"\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\", was officially announced by Rockstar that same month and was released on the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One on October 26, 2018. Notes Footnotes Red Dead Redemption Red Dead Redemption is a Western-themed action-adventure game developed by Rockstar San Diego and published by Rockstar Games. A spiritual successor to 2004's \"\"Red Dead Revolver\"\", it is the second game in the \"\"Red Dead\"\" series, and was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in May 2010. \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" is set during the decline of the American frontier in the year 1911", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9205496", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\ngame has led to numerous cover versions of the music being released by various artists, such as musician Ben \"\"Squid Physics\"\" Morfitt, and artist María Katt. Notes Footnotes Music of Red Dead Redemption The music for the 2010 action-adventure western video game \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\", developed by Rockstar San Diego and published by Rockstar Games, was composed by musicians Bill Elm and Woody Jackson. Recorded at Jackson's studio in Los Angeles, the soundtracks were produced by David Holmes. The music was intended to imitate soundtracks of 1960s Western films, such as Ennio Morricone's work on the \"\"Dollars Trilogy\"\". In collaboration", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11310189", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\nnamed it \"\"exceptional\"\" and \"\"wonderful\"\". \"\"Game Music Online\"\" praised the soundtrack as an individual piece, stating that it has the ability to accompany \"\"any Hollywood film\"\". Gideon Dabi of \"\"Original Sound Version\"\" felt divided about the soundtrack; though heaping praise, he wrote that it was \"\"a little too slow on the draw\"\". \"\"Red Dead Redemption: Undead Nightmare Original Soundtrack\"\", the soundtrack for the downloadable content \"\"\"\", features compositions from the game, composed and produced by Bill Elm and Woody Jackson. It also features works from bands Kreeps and Misterio. The soundtrack spans eighteen tracks, covering a duration of 49 minutes.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15634469", "chunk_text": "\"Western music (North America)\"\nsongs, however, so are overlooked by many scholars of Western music. It is a common impression that Western music began with the cowboy, but this is not the case. The first \"\"western\"\" song was published in 1844. Titled \"\"Blue Juniata\"\", the song is about a young Indian maid waiting for her brave along the banks of the Juniata River in Pennsylvania (at that time, anything west of the Appalachian Mountains was considered \"\"out West\"\"). The song was recorded and sung by the Sons of the Pioneers over a hundred years later and is still being sung today. Subsequent \"\"western\"\" songs", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16800582", "chunk_text": "\"Down in the River to Pray\"\nDown in the River to Pray \"\"Down in the River to Pray\"\" (also known as \"\"Down to the River to Pray,\"\" \"\"Down in the Valley to Pray,\"\" \"\"The Good Old Way,\"\" and \"\"Come, Let Us All Go Down\"\") is a traditional American song variously described as a Christian folk hymn, an African-American spiritual, an Appalachian song, and a gospel song. The exact origin of the song is unknown. Research suggests that it was composed by an African-American slave. The earliest known version of the song, titled \"\"The Good Old Way,\"\" was published in \"\"Slave Songs of the United States\"\" in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7956082", "chunk_text": "\"COPILOT Music and Sound\"\nwith Bethesda Softworks to write a theme song for Nuka world, in the \"\"Nuka World\"\" Downloadable Content scenario. COPILOT worked with Bethesda Softworks to create a cover of John Denver's hit single \"\"Take Me Home, Country Roads\"\" for the trailer of their upcoming game \"\"Fallout 76\"\". The lead vocals of the song were performed by Scout Ford of New York-based a capella group Spank, and officially released on iTunes on July 4th 2018, with all proceeds going to Habitat for Humanity. In 2014 COPILOT was commissioned to oversee music production on Visa's \"\"Samba of the World\"\", a digital campaign for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10993119", "chunk_text": "\"Take Me Home, Country Roads\"\nof the Pops\"\". A cover version of the song—a collaboration between Copilot Music + Sound and the vocal group Spank—was commissioned for and featured in both the teaser and full E3 2018 trailers for the 2018 video game, \"\"Fallout 76\"\", whose plot events are set in West Virginia. Released as an iTunes-only single on July 4, 2018, the song reached #1 on the iTunes singles chart. It debuted at #41 on \"\"Billboard's\"\" Hot Country Songs chart that week and at #21 on \"\"Billboard's\"\" Country Digital Songs the following week. The official YouTube upload of the original John Denver recording, initially", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11310190", "chunk_text": "\"Music of Red Dead Redemption\"\nRockstar Games first published the album digitally via iTunes and Amazon Music on 23 November 2010, simultaneous with the release of \"\"Undead Nightmare\"\", and physically on 26 November 2010. In the context of the game, the soundtrack was generally well received. Harris Iqbal of \"\"Game Music Online\"\" praised its ability to incorporate horror and western music, stating that the soundtrack is \"\"sometimes gimmicky and narrow in its scope, but there is still a decent amount of variety\"\". Michael McWhertor of \"\"Kotaku\"\" called the soundtrack \"\"gorgeous\"\". \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" won the award for Best Original Music from GameSpot, and Best Original", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9590402", "chunk_text": "\"L.A. Noire\"\nformer Team Bondi employees, the game was released on 15 December 2017. \"\"L.A. Noire\"\" features an original score. The game's score accompanies the gameplay, alerting players at specific times. Like other games published by Rockstar, \"\"L.A. Noire\"\" also contains licensed music tracks provided by an in-game radio. Over thirty songs, from artists such as Billie Holiday, Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald, feature in the game. To work on the score, the team engaged Andrew Hale and Simon Hale, as well as Woody Jackson, who had previously collaborated with the team on \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" (2010). Recorded at Abbey Road Studios,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15081926", "chunk_text": "\"Development of Red Dead Redemption\"\nrelating to the game's setting. The sound department also spent time on specific gameplay elements; Dead Eye was meant to sound \"\"organic\"\" as opposed to \"\"sci-fi or electronic\"\", while animals—a feature that the team found challenging—was to immerse players in the experience. For the final sound mix, audio director Jeffrey Whitcher and lead sound designer Matthew Smith worked together to balance and blend the three main aspects of the soundtrack: dialogue, sound effects, and music. Smith coded systems to blend the three aspects, in order to keep the mix \"\"dynamic\"\". An early trailer for \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" was sent to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15213896", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption\"\npublications, and is considered by critics as one of the greatest video games ever made. After the game's release, several downloadable content additions were released; \"\"\"\", later released as a standalone game, added a new single-player experience in which Marston searches for a cure for an infectious zombie plague that has swept across the Old West. A \"\"Game of the Year Edition\"\" containing all additional content was released in October 2011. A prequel, \"\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\", was released in October 2018 to further acclaim. \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" is a Western-themed action-adventure game played from a third-person perspective. The player", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4865576", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption\"\ndate, pushed back to May 18, 2010 to allow for further polishing. To spur pre-order game sales, Rockstar collaborated with several retail outlets to provide pre-order bonuses. These included exclusive in-game outfits, weapons and horses, as well as the game's official soundtrack. Post-release content was added to \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" as downloadable content (DLC) packs. \"\"Outlaws to the End\"\", released on June 22, 2010, added six new cooperative side missions for the game's multiplayer. The Legends and Killers pack was released on August 10, 2010; it added eight multiplayer characters from \"\"Red Dead Revolver\"\", nine map locations, and a Tomahawk", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14711364", "chunk_text": "\"Ain't No Rest for the Wicked\"\nwrote the lyrics on a piece of drywall which he found while working at his co-worker's house. The song appeared in a commercial for the TNT series \"\"Leverage\"\"; in the 2010 film \"\"The Bounty Hunter\"\"; in an episode of \"\"The Vampire Diaries\"\" (\"\"Isobel\"\"); in a third-season episode of \"\"Jersey Shore\"\"; as the opening song of Canadian reality television series \"\"Yukon Gold\"\"; and for the opening sequence of the 2009 video game \"\"Borderlands\"\". It is also mentioned in \"\"Borderlands 2\"\". Cage the Elephant performed the song on national television on the \"\"Late Show with David Letterman\"\". In the pilot episode for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9205460", "chunk_text": "\"Development of Red Dead Redemption\"\nplaying a trumpet onto the surface of a timpani drum. Rockstar also consulted musicians who played traditional Western instruments; harmonica player Tommy Morgan, who had been featured on several films over his 60-year career, provided traditional harmonica segments for the game. Beyond trumpets, nylon guitars and accordions, the composers incorporated other instruments, such as flutes and ocarinas. When researching music for inspiration, Jackson found that there was no \"\"Western sound\"\" in 1911; he felt that the soundtracks of 1960s Western films, such as Ennio Morricone's work on the \"\"Dollars Trilogy\"\", was more representative of Western music. In appropriating the score", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15298026", "chunk_text": "\"Jamie Lidell\"\nBrother\"\" to the \"\"Warp20 (Recreated)\"\" compilation, as well as having his song \"\"A Little Bit More\"\" covered by Tim Exile. In March 2010, Lidell announced that he was releasing a new album entitled \"\"Compass\"\" which was produced by fellow musician and occasional collaborator Beck. The album was released in May 2010. The title track is featured in the Rockstar video game \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\". Lidell was the co-writer and vocalist for the Simian Mobile Disco track \"\"Put Your Hands Together\"\", from their 2012 album \"\"Unpatterns\"\". On 18 February 2013, Lidell released his self-titled album Jamie Lidell to critical acclaim. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14254333", "chunk_text": "\"Remedy (The Black Crowes song)\"\nRemedy (The Black Crowes song) \"\"Remedy\"\" is the second track by The Black Crowes from their second album, \"\"The Southern Harmony and Musical Companion\"\". It reached #1 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Album Rock Tracks chart in May 1992 and stayed at number 1 for 11 weeks. On the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart, the song peaked at number 48. It also reached number 24 on the UK Singles Chart, becoming the band's highest charting single in the UK. The song can be heard on the fictional radio station \"\"Liberty Rock Radio 97.8\"\" in the video game \"\"Grand Theft Auto IV\"\". The song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3065390", "chunk_text": "\"Rusty Cage\"\nof these versions end as the breakdown at the end of the song comes in. It is also featured in the 2008 racing game, \"\"Burnout Paradise\"\", where the full version is intact. The song is a part of Soundgarden's compilation album \"\"Telephantasm\"\" DLC Pack for \"\"\"\". The song was added to the \"\"Rock Band 3\"\" downloadable content catalog on July 19, 2011. The Johnny Cash version also appears in the Mob of the Dead zombies map in \"\"\"\"'s Uprising downloadable content. Like previous songs in the Call of Duty series' DLC, it is triggered by activating objects in the environment.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067412", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption 2\"\nMorgan (Roger Clark), a lieutenant and veteran member of the Van der Linde gang. The gang is led by Dutch van der Linde (Benjamin Byron Davis), a charismatic man who extols personal freedom and decries the encroaching march of modern civilization. The gang also includes his best friend and co-leader Hosea Matthews, \"\"Red Dead Redemption\"\" protagonist John Marston (Rob Wiethoff), Bill Williamson (Steve J. Palmer), Javier Escuella (Gabriel Sloyer), Micah Bell (Peter Blomquist), the elderly Uncle (James McBride and John O'Creagh), African-American member Lenny Summers (Harron Atkins), native-American hunter Charles Smith (Noshir Dalal), turncoat O'Driscoll Kieran Duffy (Pico Alexander), Sadie", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13470998", "chunk_text": "\"Jack of Diamonds (song)\"\nGorrach\"\", \"\"The Wagoner's Lad\"\", \"\"Clinch Mountain\"\", \"\"The Cuckoo\"\", \"\"Rye Whiskey\"\", \"\"Saints Bound for Heaven\"\", \"\"Separation\"\", and \"\"John Adkins' Farewell.\"\" This family of tunes originally comes from the British Isles, though is most well known in North America. The lyrics may originate in the American Civil War song \"\"The Rebel Soldier\"\" and the melody from the Scottish song \"\"Robie Donadh Gorrach\"\", known by Nathaniel Gow as \"\"An Old Highland Song\"\". While Bob Dylan never recorded \"\"Jack of Diamonds\"\", a poem based on the song lyrics is included on the back cover of \"\"Another Side of Bob Dylan\"\"; the poems are grouped", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16721640", "chunk_text": "\"Infra-Red (Three Days Grace song)\"\nInfra-Red (Three Days Grace song) \"\"Infra-Red\"\" is a song by Canadian rock band Three Days Grace. It was their second single off of their sixth studio album \"\"Outsider\"\". It topped the \"\"Billboard\"\" Mainstream Rock Songs chart in September 2018. It is the band's fourteenth song to top the chart, the most by any musician since the chart's inception in 1981. After releasing \"\"The Mountain\"\" as the first single from their sixth studio album \"\"Outsider\"\", the band chose \"\"Infra-Red\"\" as the album's second single. It was first released as a single on June 12, 2018. A lyric video was first released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10993120", "chunk_text": "\"Take Me Home, Country Roads\"\nuploaded in 2013, would later edit its description in response to the song's use for the game. In Australia, a promotional \"\"Fallout 76\"\" vinyl featuring the cover was included with the December 2018 issue of \"\"STACK Magazine\"\" exclusively from retailer JB Hi-Fi. Take Me Home, Country Roads \"\"Take Me Home, Country Roads\"\", also known as \"\"Take Me Home\"\" or \"\"Country Roads\"\", is a song written by Bill Danoff, Taffy Nivert, and John Denver about the state of West Virginia. It was released as a single performed by Denver on April 12, 1971, peaking at number 2 on \"\"Billboard\"\"s US Hot", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3501762", "chunk_text": "\"Modern Day Cowboy\"\nModern Day Cowboy \"\"Modern Day Cowboy\"\" is a song by the American hard rock band Tesla. The song was released as the first single from the band's debut studio album, \"\"Mechanical Resonance\"\". The song's lyrics make references to criminals such as Billy the Kid and Al Capone. A music video was produced for the song, which shows Nikola Tesla playing films in an abandoned movie theater. Tesla shows footage of the band performing the song, along with scenes from the movies \"\"High Noon\"\" and \"\"Scarface\"\". The song was featured in the video game \"\"\"\". The song was also featured in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17475560", "chunk_text": "\"The Catalyst\"\nThe Catalyst \"\"The Catalyst\"\" is a song by the American rock band Linkin Park. Released on August 2, 2010,<ref name=\"\"9/14\"\"></ref> it is the first single from their fourth studio album, \"\"A Thousand Suns\"\", which was released on September 8, 2010. The music video for the song, directed by the band's turntablist Joe Hahn, was released on August 25, 2010. \"\"The Catalyst\"\" is used in the trailer and credits of the video game \"\"Medal of Honor\"\" and also the opening song of Namco-Bandai's Arcade game, \"\"\"\". It was also used in select commercials of the Discovery Channel series, \"\"Surviving the Cut\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10448691", "chunk_text": "\"The Cattle Call\"\n(1971), Lenny Breau and Chet Atkins (Standard Brands, 1981), Boxcar Willie (1986), Don Edwards (1992), Emmylou Harris (1992), Skip Gorman (1994), Wylie Gustafson (1994), LeAnn Rimes (1996 with Arnold and on November 16, 1999 Arnold released the recording as a single) and Dwight Yoakam (1998) for the motion picture soundtrack of \"\"The Horse Whisperer\"\". Also performed by the Sons of the Pioneers featuring Ken Curtis in the movie Rio Grande (1950). The Cattle Call \"\"The Cattle Call\"\" is a song written and recorded in 1934 by American songwriter and musician Tex Owens. It became a signature song for Eddy Arnold.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3428288", "chunk_text": "\"Red Dead Redemption\"\nDead Redemption\"\" spans New Austin and West Elizabeth, two fictitious states of the United States, as well as Nuevo Paraiso, a fictitious Mexican state. New Austin and West Elizabeth are adjacent to each other and share a southern border with Mexico. Nuevo Paraiso is a Mexican state, separated from U.S. territory by the San Luis river. The game takes place primarily in the year 1911, featuring the final decade of the American Frontier and the cowboy and outlaw archetypes that shaped it. The landscape of the Wild West is beginning to fade and modern technologies like automobiles, machine guns, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_276	who played cosette in les miserables on broadway?	n/a	[ "Samantha Hill", "Judy Kuhn", "Ali Ewoldt" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18025300", "chunk_text": "\"Jacquelyn Piro Donovan\"\nJacquelyn Piro Donovan Jacquelyn Piro Donovan is an American actress and singer known for her work in broadway musicals and on the concert stage. She is perhaps best known for the distinction of being the only actress to portray both the young innocent Cosette and the tragic heroine Fantine in the original Broadway production of \"\"Les Misérables\"\". Donovan was born in Boston and raised in Wellesley, Massachusetts. She is the youngest daughter of Anthony J. Piro, an accomplished Medical and Radiation Oncologist and Marian Piro, a special needs teacher. She graduated from Lynnfield High School in Lynnfield, Massachusetts and received", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20472389", "chunk_text": "\"Jacquelyn Piro Donovan\"\ntour of \"\"The Wizard of Oz\"\". Jacquelyn Piro Donovan Jacquelyn Piro Donovan is an American actress and singer known for her work in broadway musicals and on the concert stage. She is perhaps best known for the distinction of being the only actress to portray both the young innocent Cosette and the tragic heroine Fantine in the original Broadway production of \"\"Les Misérables\"\". Donovan was born in Boston and raised in Wellesley, Massachusetts. She is the youngest daughter of Anthony J. Piro, an accomplished Medical and Radiation Oncologist and Marian Piro, a special needs teacher. She graduated from Lynnfield High", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "792013", "chunk_text": "\"Isabelle Allen\"\nIsabelle Allen Isabelle Lucy Allen (born 16 March 2002) is an English stage and screen teen actress known for her role as the young Cosette in the 2012 film adaptation of \"\"Les Misérables\"\". The role earned her critical acclaim and various film cast awards such as the National Board of Review Award for Best Cast and the Satellite Award for Best Cast – Motion Picture. Allen was discovered by Jeremy James Taylor, head of the British National Youth Music Theatre after seeing her in the play \"\"The Pied Piper\"\" in Eastbourne, East Sussex, her hometown. She made her professional debut", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "792015", "chunk_text": "\"Isabelle Allen\"\nCBBC drama. Her parents are Elaine and Nigel Allen. Isabelle Allen Isabelle Lucy Allen (born 16 March 2002) is an English stage and screen teen actress known for her role as the young Cosette in the 2012 film adaptation of \"\"Les Misérables\"\". The role earned her critical acclaim and various film cast awards such as the National Board of Review Award for Best Cast and the Satellite Award for Best Cast – Motion Picture. Allen was discovered by Jeremy James Taylor, head of the British National Youth Music Theatre after seeing her in the play \"\"The Pied Piper\"\" in Eastbourne,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4997896", "chunk_text": "\"Savannah Wise\"\nSavannah Wise Savannah Wise is an American actress, singer, and dancer. She is best known for her work as Jessica on the NBC American musical theatre dramedy television series \"\"Smash\"\". She is also known for her work on Broadway as Evelyn Nesbit in the 2009 revival of \"\"Ragtime\"\", originating the role of Waitress #1, then going on to replace as Sherrie in \"\"Rock of Ages\"\", and as Young Cosette in the original Broadway production of Les Misérables. On January 27, 2011, it was announced that Wise would be playing the lead role of Wanda Clark in the new off-Broadway musical,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6518134", "chunk_text": "\"Ali Ewoldt\"\nAli Ewoldt Ali Ewoldt (born October 6, 1982 in Chicago) is a Filipino-American actress and soprano, who made her Broadway debut in the \"\"Les Misérables\"\" revival in 2006 in the role of Cosette. She has also performed on national and international tours and in U.S. regional theatre. She became well known as the first Asian-American actress to star as Christine Daaé in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" on Broadway. Ewoldt was born in Chicago to a Filipina mother and a Caucasian father and raised in Pleasantville, New York. After performing in a child role in a nearby regional theatre and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19633850", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\npart of \"\"In My Life\"\". The album has sold 887,000 copies in the US. The cast includes Colm Wilkinson as Valjean, Roger Allam as Javert, Patti LuPone as Fantine, Alun Armstrong as Thénardier, Susan Jane Tanner as Mme. Thénardier, Frances Ruffelle as Éponine, Ian Tucker as Gavroche, Michael Ball as Marius, David Burt as Enjolras, and Rebecca Caine as Cosette. The Original Broadway Cast recording was produced in 1987. It included several changes to the songs that are still evident in today's performances. As with its predecessor, it is incomplete, and leaves out songs or parts that are more important", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19157304", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (2012 film)\"\ntour's Nancy, Samantha Barks, who had played Éponine in the West End production and in the 25th Anniversary concert, would reprise the role in the film. Barks had been auditioning for 15 weeks by that point. Originally, an unknown was sought for the role of Cosette, with an open casting call in New York City in December 2011. In January 2012, reports surfaced that Amanda Seyfried had been offered the role instead. Eddie Redmayne confirmed both Seyfried's casting and that of Bonham Carter as Madame Thénardier in an interview on 12 January. Hooper confirmed that he would stick to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10279617", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\na 14-member band, a reduction of about 8 musicians from the original production's 22 musician orchestration. The original 2006 Broadway revival cast included Alexander Gemignani as Jean Valjean, Norm Lewis as Javert, Daphne Rubin-Vega as Fantine, Celia Keenan-Bolger as Éponine, Aaron Lazar as Enjolras, Adam Jacobs as Marius, Ali Ewoldt as Cosette, Gary Beach as Thénardier, Jenny Galloway as Madame Thénardier, Brian D’Addario and Jacob Levine and Skye Rainforth and Austyn Myers as Gavroche, and Tess Adams and Kylie Liya Goldstein and Carly Rose Sonenclar as Young Cosette/Young Éponine. The ensemble consisted of Becca Ayers, Daniel Bogart (Combeferre/Bambatosis), Justin Bohon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1770703", "chunk_text": "\"Donna Vivino\"\nDonna Vivino Donna Vivino is an American actress and singer most recently nominated for a 2018 Los Angeles Ovation Award for Best Actress in a Musical for her portrayal of Mary Flynn in \"\"Merrily We Roll Along\"\" Directed by Michael Arden. She performed as Elphaba in \"\"Wicked\"\" on Broadway, previously seen starring in the role on the 1st National Tour. She was the original Young Cosette in Les Miserables on Broadway and on the cast recording. She starred on Broadway in \"\"Fame Becomes Me\"\" with Martin Short and was also on Broadway in \"\"Hairspray\"\" and \"\"Saturday Night Fever\"\". She plays", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7163420", "chunk_text": "\"Alicia Morton\"\nHigh School in her home town of Gonzales, Louisiana. Alicia Morton Alicia Morton (born April 29, 1987) is a former American actress and singer best known for playing Annie in the 1999 remake. Morton started singing when she was 18 months old. When she was 12, she played the title character in \"\"Annie\"\" at her school in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. She was 7 when she landed the part of young Cosette in Broadway's \"\"Les Misérables\"\" in 1996. Costar Ricky Martin would rub makeup on her hands for good luck. In 1998, Alicia beat 3,000 girls to win the part of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20464943", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nabout 16 hours. This allowed it to reach many cities and venues in its acclaimed, original Broadway form. The final company of the Third National Tour included Randal Keith as Valjean (Keith also played Valjean in the final company of the original Broadway engagement), Robert Hunt as Javert, Joan Almedilla as Fantine, Daniel Bogart as Marius, Norman Large (from Original Broadway Cast) as Monsieur Thénardier, Jennifer Butt (from Original Broadway Cast) as Madame Thénardier, Melissa Lyons as Éponine, Ali Ewoldt as Cosette, Victor Wallace as Enjolras, Meg Guzulescu and Rachel Schier alternating as Young Cosette and Young Éponine, and Austyn", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4573730", "chunk_text": "\"Alicia Morton\"\nAlicia Morton Alicia Morton (born April 29, 1987) is a former American actress and singer best known for playing Annie in the 1999 remake. Morton started singing when she was 18 months old. When she was 12, she played the title character in \"\"Annie\"\" at her school in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. She was 7 when she landed the part of young Cosette in Broadway's \"\"Les Misérables\"\" in 1996. Costar Ricky Martin would rub makeup on her hands for good luck. In 1998, Alicia beat 3,000 girls to win the part of the Disney TV movie \"\"Annie\"\", which was broadcast on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11734567", "chunk_text": "\"Catherine Hiegel\"\nCatherine Hiegel Catherine Hiegel (born 10 December 1946) is a French actress, comedian and director. Catherine Hiegel is the daughter of \"\"Pierre Hiegel\"\", radio host, music critic, radio producer and artistic director of French houses of discs. She is also the niece of Pierre Bellemare. At ten, she played Cosette in a radio adaptation of Les Misérables, where her father played Jean Valjean. She sang in 1956 with André Claveau, \"\"Viens danser avec papa\"\". On the advice of her father, she stopped school to learn comedy. She took lessons with \"\"Raymond Girard\"\" and Jacques Charon, and began her career on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18020356", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nMark McVey was then Valjean (McVey previously played the role on Broadway), but McVey and his daughter left the tour on 1 April 2012. Peter Lockyer replaces him as Valjean. Betsy Morgan left the tour on 2 December 2012. She was replaced by Genevieve Leclerc. The tour ran until 11 August 2013, closing at the Smith Center for the Performing Arts in Las Vegas. The tour's final cast included Peter Lockyer as Valjean, Andrew Varela as Javert, Genevieve Leclerc as Fantine, Lauren Wiley as Cosette, Devin Ilaw as Marius, Briana Carlson-Goodman as Éponine, Timothy Gulan as Thénardier, Shawna Hamic as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18392699", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nuntil 19 December 2010. This tour originally starred Lawrence Clayton as Valjean, Andrew Varela as Javert, Betsy Morgan as Fantine, Jenny Latimer as Cosette, Justin Scott Brown as Marius, Chasten Harmon as Éponine, Michael Kostroff as Thénardier, Shawna Hamic as Madame Thénardier, Jeremy Hays as Enjolras, Josh Caggiano and Ethan Paul Khusidman as Gavroche, Maya Jade Frank and Juliana Simone alternating as Young Cosette and Young Éponine. J. Mark McVey's daughter, Kylie McVey was the understudy for Young Cosette and Young Éponine. Clayton left the tour in April 2011. Ron Sharpe later took over as Valjean until June 2011. J.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18020378", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\ndate. The film was given its general US release on Christmas Day 2012. Principal cast members include Hugh Jackman as Jean Valjean, Russell Crowe as Javert, Anne Hathaway as Fantine, Amanda Seyfried as Cosette, Eddie Redmayne as Marius Pontmercy, Samantha Barks as Éponine, Aaron Tveit as Enjolras, and Sacha Baron Cohen and Helena Bonham Carter as the Thénardiers. Other notable actors who played roles in the film include Bertie Carvel as Bamatabois, Colm Wilkinson as the Bishop of Digne and Frances Ruffelle as a prostitute. The following recordings of \"\"Les Misérables\"\" are available in English: the Original London Cast, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3943418", "chunk_text": "\"Melissa Errico\"\ngraduate of Yale University. During her freshman year, Errico was asked to audition for the role of Cosette while trying out for a different show, and was cast. Errico took a leave of absence from Yale and performed in a tour of \"\"Les Misérables\"\" before returning and graduating with an honors degree in art history and philosophy. Errico is also a graduate of the BADA program at Oxford University. Errico played Cosette in \"\"Les Miserables\"\" on a national tour. She also played Eliza Doolittle in \"\"My Fair Lady\"\" on Broadway, opposite Richard Chamberlain and Julian Holloway, at the Virginia Theater.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7353753", "chunk_text": "\"Cosette (given name)\"\nis the female romantic lead and Jean Valjean's beloved adopted daughter. The name Cosette is of French origin, and is used mostly in English speaking countries, as the novel of \"\"Misérables\"\" the name also got international position in other countries and languages of the world. Despite the popularity of \"\"Les Misérables\"\" the musical, the name was given to only seventy-five girls in 2011. Cosette (given name) Cosette is a feminine given name, is pronounced koh-ZETT. It is of French origin, is best known as the heroine of \"\"\"\"Les Misérables\"\"\"\" (1862) by Victor Hugo, Cosette was the nickname given to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20115076", "chunk_text": "Cosette\ntheir arrival at the Petit-Picpus convent, much of which were later reintroduced in the 2012 film adaptation. The musical also condenses the time between the wedding of Cosette and Marius and their visit to the dying Valjean. Cosette Cosette is a fictional character in the novel \"\"Les Misérables\"\" by Victor Hugo and in the many adaptations of the story for stage, film, and television. Her birth name, Euphrasie, is only mentioned briefly. As the orphaned child of an unmarried mother deserted by her father, Hugo never gives her a surname. In the course of the novel, she is mistakenly identified", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19411847", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nas the hair buyer. That year, in September 1980, a stage version directed by veteran French film director Robert Hossein was produced at the Palais des Sports in Paris. The show was a success, with 100 performances seen by over 500,000 people. Most of the cast from the concept album performed in the production. The cast included Maurice Barrier as Valjean, Jean Vallée as Javert, Rose Laurens as Fantine, Maryse Cédolin and Sylvie Camacho and Priscilla Patron as Young Cosette, Marie-France Roussel as Mme. Thénardier, Yvan Dautin as M. Thénardier, Florence Davis and Fabrice Ploquin and Cyrille Dupont as Gavroche,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11734569", "chunk_text": "\"Catherine Hiegel\"\nAward on 5 nominations. Catherine Hiegel Catherine Hiegel (born 10 December 1946) is a French actress, comedian and director. Catherine Hiegel is the daughter of \"\"Pierre Hiegel\"\", radio host, music critic, radio producer and artistic director of French houses of discs. She is also the niece of Pierre Bellemare. At ten, she played Cosette in a radio adaptation of Les Misérables, where her father played Jean Valjean. She sang in 1956 with André Claveau, \"\"Viens danser avec papa\"\". On the advice of her father, she stopped school to learn comedy. She took lessons with \"\"Raymond Girard\"\" and Jacques Charon, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "910916", "chunk_text": "\"Lea Michele\"\nher parents moved to the more suburban area of Tenafly, New Jersey. The family also rented an apartment in Manhattan, where they would live when Michele was performing on Broadway. Michele was educated at Rockland Country Day School for elementary school in Congers, New York. Michele started using her middle name at an early age. When she went on her first audition, for the role of Young Cosette in \"\"Les Misérables\"\", she gave her name as Lea Michele, and has used it professionally ever since. Michele stated that she intentionally left off her surname because she was teased about its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18392698", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nas Marius, Ashley Artus as Thénardier, Lynne Wilmot as Madame Thénardier, Madalena Alberto as Fantine, Rosalind James as Éponine, Jon Robyns as Enjolras, Katie Hall as Cosette (with Eliza Jones as Young Cosette), and David Lawrence as the Bishop of Digne. The tour ended 2 October 2010, at the Barbican. In the fall of 2010, the tour moved to the US with a new company presented by Broadway Across America to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the show opening on Broadway. The tour had its opening on 19 November 2010 at the Paper Mill Playhouse in Millburn, New Jersey, running", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18020367", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\na concert version, directed by Richard Jay-Alexander, was performed at the Hollywood Bowl. The cast included veteran \"\"Les Misérables\"\" star J. Mark McVey as Valjean, \"\"The Office\"\" star Melora Hardin as Fantine, Broadway star and Bowl veteran Brian Stokes Mitchell as Javert, \"\"Spring Awakening\"\" and \"\"Glee\"\" star Lea Michele as Éponine, Tony-winning \"\"Jersey Boys\"\" star John Lloyd Young as Marius, West End star Tom Lowe as Enjolras, Michael McCormick as Thénardier, Ruth Williamson as Madame Thénardier, Michele Maika as Cosette, Maddie Levy as Young Cosette, and Sage Ryan as Gavroche. In September 2008, it was performed at the St John", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14990406", "chunk_text": "\"Samantha Hill (actress)\"\nArts in Theatre/Film. Samantha took up roles in numerous musicals such as \"\"Spring Awakening\"\" in 2011 and \"\"Annie\"\" in 2012, before making her Broadway debut in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" as Christine Daaé in 2012. She first understudied the role until the departure of Sierra Boggess, and then went on to star until July 2013. She left \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" to play Cosette in the Toronto production of \"\"Les Misérables\"\", which led to her being cast in the same role for the Broadway production. She earned critical acclaim for this role, both from press as well as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18774867", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nnarratively than musically (e.g., \"\"Fantine's Arrest\"\", \"\"The Runaway Cart\"\", \"\"The Final Battle\"\"). The album has sold 1,596,000 copies in the US. The cast includes Colm Wilkinson as Valjean, Terrence Mann as Javert, Randy Graff as Fantine, Leo Burmester as Thénardier, Jennifer Butt as Madame Thénardier, Frances Ruffelle as Éponine, Braden Danner as Gavroche, David Bryant as Marius, Judy Kuhn as Cosette, Michael Maguire as Enjolras, and Donna Vivino as Young Cosette. Recorded in 1988 and released in 1989, the Complete Symphonic Recording features the entire score. (The Czech Revival Recording is the only other album, in any language, to feature", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5513135", "chunk_text": "\"Sarah Litzsinger\"\nSarah Litzsinger Sarah Elizabeth Litzsinger (born October 22, 1971) is an American actress and singer, best known for her career in musical theatre. Litzsinger's family is from Carmel, Indiana. She made her Broadway debut in 1983 at age eleven, as the understudy for Young Norma Jean in the short-lived \"\"Marilyn: An American Fable\"\". In 1984, she played Bet in the Broadway revival of \"\"Oliver!\"\", alongside Patti LuPone. She returned to New York City in 1992 and was soon cast in the ensemble of \"\"Les Misérables\"\", understudying the roles of Cosette and Eponine. She went on to star as The Narrator", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "792014", "chunk_text": "\"Isabelle Allen\"\nin the 2012 film \"\"Les Misérables\"\" as the younger version of Amanda Seyfried's character Cosette, which earned her the Young Artist Award for Best Supporting Young Actress Age Ten and Under. She was later cast in the same role in the West End stage production of the show. She continued in the show until March 2013, sharing her role with: Lois Ellington, Ashley Goldberg and Sarah Huttlestone. From July to September 2013, Allen played Brigitta Von Trapp in \"\"The Sound of Music\"\", sharing her role with Imogen Gurney and Ava Merson O'Brien. She has also appeared in Hetty Feather, a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10279643", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nMadame Thénardier, Jason Forbach as Enjolras, Ava Della Pietra and Erin Cearlock alternating as Little Cosette and Young Eponine, with Mia Sinclair Jenness as Little Girl, In 2011 it was reported that the tour is one of six US national Broadway tours that are grossing over $1,000,000 per week. In mid 2013, a brand new Australian tour was announced, with Simon Gleeson as Valjean, Hayden Tee as Javert, Patrice Tipoki as Fantine, Trevor Ashley and Lara Mulcahy as the Thénardiers, Kerrie Anne Greenland as Éponine, Emily Langridge as Cosette, Euan Doidge as Marius and Chris Durling as Enjolras and Nicholas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18020326", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nEnjolras, Frances Ruffelle as Éponine, Braden Danner as Gavroche, Donna Vivino as Young Cosette, Jennifer Butt as Madame Thénardier, Leo Burmester as Thénardier, Randy Graff as Fantine, Terrence Mann as Javert, and Chrissie McDonald as Young Éponine. Other members of the original Broadway cast included Kevin Marcum (Brujon), Paul Harman (Combeferre/Foreman), Anthony Crivello (Grantaire/Bambatosis), John Dewar (Joly), Joseph Kolinski (Feuilly), Alex Santoriello (Montparnasse/Labourer), Jesse Corti (Courfeyrac/Farmer), Susan Goodman (Old Woman/Innkeeper's Wife), John Norman (Prouvaire/Pimp), Norman Large (Bishop/Lesgles), Marcus Lovett (Babet/Constable), Steve Shocket (Claquesous/Fauchevelant/Constable/Pimp), Cindy Benson (Old Woman), Marcie Shaw, Jane Bodle, Joanna Glushak, Ann Crumb (Factory Girl), Kelli James, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5446447", "chunk_text": "\"Lea Michele\"\nthe role of Wendla Bergmann in a workshop of \"\"Spring Awakening\"\", forcing her to drop out. She was later accepted to New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, but opted instead to continue working professionally on the stage. When Michele was 19 years old, her mother Edith was diagnosed with uterine cancer. Edith received treatment from the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. Michele made her Broadway debut in 1995, at the age of eight, as a replacement in the role of Young Cosette in \"\"Les Misérables\"\". Michele was also the understudy for the role of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18020341", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nagain produced the show. On 22 October 2013, it was announced that Ramin Karimloo, Will Swenson, Caissie Levy, and Nikki M. James would be headlining the revival cast as Jean Valjean, Javert, Fantine, and Éponine respectively. Andy Mientus and Samantha Hill also star as Marius and Cosette respectively. Angeli Negron and McKayla Twiggs share the role of Young Cosette. On 30 August 2015, Karimloo ended his run of the show as was replaced by Alfie Boe. After Boe's final performance on 28 February, the role of Valjean was played by John Owen-Jones beginning 1 March 2016 until the production closed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7353752", "chunk_text": "\"Cosette (given name)\"\nCosette (given name) Cosette is a feminine given name, is pronounced koh-ZETT. It is of French origin, is best known as the heroine of \"\"\"\"Les Misérables\"\"\"\" (1862) by Victor Hugo, Cosette was the nickname given to the girl named Euphrasie by her mother. Cosette in modern name dictionaries give the meaning as \"\"victorious,\"\" but it doesn't appear to have been in use as a first name until after Hugo published Les Miserables, although \"\"Cozette\"\" sometimes appeared as a surname. Victor Hugo said he created Cosette from \"\"chosette\"\", meaning \"\"little thing\"\" in French. Literary: in Victor Hugo's musical \"\"Les Misérables\"\", Cosette", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17351420", "chunk_text": "\"Miranda Borman\"\nstudent theatre and graduated with a degree in Bachelor of Creative Arts – Theatre. Borman returned to the UK from Australia in 2008 and is currently based in Bristol. Miranda Borman Miranda Louise Borman (born 5 March 1981) is a British television and stage actress. Borman first gained prominence in the late 1980s with roles in \"\"Doctor Who\"\" (as Stellar in the 1987 Sylvester McCoy story \"\"Dragonfire\"\") and the London West End run of the musical \"\"Les Miserables\"\" (as Young Cosette). Borman's family later moved to Australia where she continued to pursue acting, being nominated in 1999 for a Music", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2283180", "chunk_text": "\"Katie Hall (actress)\"\nKatie Hall (actress) Katie Hall is an English actress and soprano. She was born in Oakham, Rutland in the English East Midlands on August 31, 1990. She attended private school at Oakham and went on to become a graduate of the National Youth Music Theatre. Her parents, John Graham Hall and Helen Williams, were both professional opera singers. She played Cosette in the 2010 25th-anniversary version of \"\"Les Misérables\"\" at The O2 Arena and Christine in \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\" in the UK tour in 2012. She also had a small cameo in the 2012 film production of \"\"Les", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10279606", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nSeptember 1985. The set was designed by John Napier, costumes by Andreane Neofitou and lighting by David Hersey. Musical supervision and orchestrations were by John Cameron, who had been involved with the show since Boublil and Schönberg hired him to orchestrate the original French concept album. Musical staging was by Kate Flatt with musical direction by Martin Koch. The original London cast included Colm Wilkinson as Jean Valjean, Roger Allam as Javert, Ken Caswell as the Bishop of Digne, Patti LuPone as Fantine, Zoë Hart, Justine McIntyre, Jayne O'Mahony and Joanne Woodcock as Young Cosette, Danielle Akers, Gillian Brander and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18392653", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nhimself on the piano and singing every role was completed. An album of this collaboration was recorded at CTS Studios in Wembley and was released in 1980, selling 260,000 copies. The concept album includes Maurice Barrier as Jean Valjean, Jacques Mercier as Javert, Rose Laurens as Fantine, Yvan Dautin as Thénardier, Marie-France Roussel as Mme. Thénardier, Richard Dewitte as Marius, Fabienne Guyon as Cosette, Marie-France Dufour as Éponine, Michel Sardou as Enjolras, Fabrice Bernard as Gavroche, Maryse Cédolin as Young Cosette, Claude-Michel Schönberg as Courfeyrac, Salvatore Adamo as Combeferre, Michel Delpech as Feuilly, Dominique Tirmont as M. Gillenormand, and Mireille", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19157314", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (2012 film)\"\ngroundbreaking.\"\" Clips of Jackman, Hathaway, Seyfried, Redmayne and Barks singing were received very positively, especially the teaser trailer's presentation of \"\"I Dreamed a Dream\"\" by Hathaway. Producers released a new poster, featuring young Cosette (in what is essentially a real-life version of the musical's emblem), played by Isabelle Allen, 24 September 2012, on the film's official Facebook page. They released posters featuring Jean Valjean, Javert, Fantine, and Cosette 12 October, with additional posters of Thénardiers and Marius released 1 November 2012. \"\"Les Misérables\"\" was originally to be released 7 December 2012 before the studio moved it to 14 December in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17351419", "chunk_text": "\"Miranda Borman\"\nMiranda Borman Miranda Louise Borman (born 5 March 1981) is a British television and stage actress. Borman first gained prominence in the late 1980s with roles in \"\"Doctor Who\"\" (as Stellar in the 1987 Sylvester McCoy story \"\"Dragonfire\"\") and the London West End run of the musical \"\"Les Miserables\"\" (as Young Cosette). Borman's family later moved to Australia where she continued to pursue acting, being nominated in 1999 for a Music Theatre Guild of Victoria award for a community theatre production of \"\"You're A Good Man, Charlie Brown\"\". Borman later studied at the University of Melbourne where she participated in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19411869", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\njoined playing Javert, and Max von Essen playing Enjolras. Ben Crawford and Mandy Bruno joined the cast that day too, playing Brujon and Éponine respectively. On 23 July 2007, Sarich took over the role of Valjean, following Gemignani's departure. On 5 September 2007, it was announced that John Owen-Jones (who was playing Valjean in London) was to join the Broadway cast. In return, Sarich would join the London cast in Owen-Jones' place. Judy Kuhn, who originated the role of Cosette, returned to the show after twenty years as Fantine, succeeding Salonga. The revival closed on 6 January 2008. A sit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20115055", "chunk_text": "Cosette\nCosette Cosette is a fictional character in the novel \"\"Les Misérables\"\" by Victor Hugo and in the many adaptations of the story for stage, film, and television. Her birth name, Euphrasie, is only mentioned briefly. As the orphaned child of an unmarried mother deserted by her father, Hugo never gives her a surname. In the course of the novel, she is mistakenly identified as \"\"Ursule\"\", \"\"Lark\"\", or \"\"Mademoiselle Lanoire\"\". She is the daughter of Fantine, who leaves her to be looked after by the Thénardiers, who exploit and victimise her. Rescued by Jean Valjean, who raises Cosette as if she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16139314", "chunk_text": "\"Ashley Tisdale\"\nCenter. Tisdale was eight years old when she was cast to play the part of Cosette in the musical \"\"Les Misérables\"\", and only recalled taking a single singing lesson before landing the role. In 2007, Tisdale told \"\"Newsday\"\", \"\"When I was little, I saw the play \"\"Les Misérables\"\" on Broadway. I thought it was the most amazing thing I have ever seen, so I went to my manager and told him I wanted to be in it\"\". Tisdale toured for two years with \"\"Les Misérables\"\" before landing a role in a touring production of \"\"Annie\"\" in Korea. When Tisdale was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12324156", "chunk_text": "\"Ali Ewoldt\"\nin musical theatre in high school, she went on to graduate \"\"cum laude\"\" from Yale University, also doing some performing during her college years. Ewoldt performed the role of Princess Jasmine in Disneyland, and she also worked at the Tokyo Disney theme park before appearing in a U.S. tour of \"\"Les Misérables\"\". She began the tour as a member of the ensemble, and later understudied the role of Cosette, before she finally received the role during the tour. She then played Cosette in the \"\"Les Mis\"\" Broadway revival of 2006. From 2009 to 2011, Ewoldt starred in North American tour", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2283181", "chunk_text": "\"Katie Hall (actress)\"\nMisérables\"\". In 2015, she was chosen by the English National Opera to play Johanna Barker in . In 2018, she will play Fantine in the UK and Ireland Tour of \"\"Les Misérables\"\". Katie Hall (actress) Katie Hall is an English actress and soprano. She was born in Oakham, Rutland in the English East Midlands on August 31, 1990. She attended private school at Oakham and went on to become a graduate of the National Youth Music Theatre. Her parents, John Graham Hall and Helen Williams, were both professional opera singers. She played Cosette in the 2010 25th-anniversary version of \"\"Les", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18020339", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\ndown production played at the Princess of Wales Theatre in Toronto, Canada based on the 25th Anniversary touring production. Previews began on 27 September 2013 with the opening night on 9 October. The production closed on 2 February 2014. Co-directed by Lawrence Connor and James Powell, Laurence Olivier Award nominee, Ramin Karimloo, starred as Jean Valjean. He was joined by fellow West End star, Earl Carpenter, who reprised the role of Inspector Javert. Other cast members included Genevieve Leclerc as Fantine, Samantha Hill as Cosette, Melissa O'Neil as Éponine, Cliff Saunders as Monsieur Thenardier, Lisa Horner as Madame Thenardier, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18020340", "chunk_text": "\"Les Misérables (musical)\"\nMark Uhre as Enjolras. The roles of young Cosette and young Éponine were shared by Ella Ballentine, Saara Chaudry and Madison Oldroyd. Gavroche was shared by David Gregory Black and Aiden GlennRead. The show returned to Broadway in March 2014 at the Imperial Theatre with previews beginning 1 March 2014 and had an official opening on 23 March 2014. The creative team includes the direction of Laurence Connor and James Powell, the set design by Matt Kinley, costumes by Andreane Neofitou and Christine Rowlands, lighting by Paule Constable, sound by Mick Potter and projections by Fifty-Nine Productions. Cameron Mackintosh once", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3276776", "chunk_text": "\"Julie Craig\"\nof Penzance\"\", among others. Craig can be heard on the original cast recording of \"\"The Black Monk\"\", a new musical based on the Chekov story that opened at the Beckett Theatre in New York City, where she originated the role of Tania. On the international tour throughout Asia and Europe, Craig played Maria in \"\"West Side Story\"\" which was directed by Joey McKeeley, the former assistant to Jerome Robbins. Regionally, her most distinguished credits include \"\"Les Misérables\"\" as Cosette (for which she received a Barrymore Award Nomination for Best Supporting Actress in a Musical) as well as Lope de Vega's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9659573", "chunk_text": "\"Anne L. Nathan\"\nAnne L. Nathan Anne L. Nathan is an American actress and singer. After a few years of regional theatre, Nathan appeared as Fantine on the national tour of \"\"Les Misérables\"\" and appeared in the Off-Broadway show \"\"Swingtime Canteen\"\". She made her Broadway debut in 1998 as Brigit in \"\"Ragtime.\"\" She went on to appear on Broadway as a replacement Matron \"\"Mama\"\" Morton in \"\"Chicago\"\" and the original Ms. Flannery in \"\"Thoroughly Modern Millie\"\". She left \"\"Millie\"\" shortly before closing to play Emma Goldman in the Broadway revival of \"\"Assassins\"\". In 2007 she appeared in the Encores! staged concert production of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16401883", "chunk_text": "\"Andrea Bowen\"\nAlex Bowen, Cameron Bowen, Jessica Bowen, and Jillian Bowen, who are also actors. She briefly attended the Professional Performing Arts School in New York alongside best friend Sarah Hyland. She made her Broadway debut in 1996 as Young Cosette/Young Eponine in \"\"Les Misérables\"\". At six, she was the youngest actress ever to play the role. From 1996 to 2001 Bowen was a consistent presence on Broadway. She appeared in the original company of the 1998 revival of \"\"The Sound of Music\"\" as Marta, and in 2000, created the role of Adele in the musical version of \"\"Jane Eyre\"\". Bowen was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_277	when did stephen curry won the mvp award?	n/a	[ "2015,", "2015", "2014–15", "2016" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4015875", "chunk_text": "\"NBA Most Valuable Player Award\"\nwon the award: Wilt Chamberlain in the and Wes Unseld in the 1968–69 season. Hakeem Olajuwon of Nigeria, Tim Duncan of the U.S. Virgin Islands, Steve Nash of Canada and Dirk Nowitzki of Germany are the only MVP winners considered \"\"international players\"\" by the NBA. Stephen Curry in 2015–16 is the only player to have won the award unanimously. Shaquille O'Neal in 1999–2000 and LeBron James in 2012–13 are the only two players to have fallen one vote shy of a unanimous selection, both receiving 120 of 121 votes. Russell Westbrook, is the first to have played for a team", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8130997", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nfree-throw line (.908). For the season, Curry was named the league's first ever unanimous MVP, becoming the 11th player in NBA history to win the award in consecutive seasons and the first guard to do so since Steve Nash in 2004–05 and 2005–06. In playoffs, the Warriors defeated the Houston Rockets in the first round despite Curry only playing in the first half of games one and four due to injury. A right MCL injury kept him out of the first three games of the second round. In game four of the second-round series against the Portland Trail Blazers, Curry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8130966", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nMVP by a unanimous vote and to lead the league in scoring while shooting above 50–40–90. That same year, the Warriors broke the record for the most wins in an NBA season en route to reaching the 2016 NBA Finals, which they lost to the Cleveland Cavaliers. Curry helped the Warriors return to the NBA Finals in 2017 and 2018, where they won back-to-back titles. Curry is the son of former NBA player Dell Curry and older brother of current NBA player Seth Curry. He played college basketball for Davidson. There, he was twice named Southern Conference Player of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8130965", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nStephen Curry Wardell Stephen Curry II ( ; born March 14, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Many players and analysts have called him the greatest shooter in NBA history. He is credited with revolutionizing the game of basketball by inspiring teams to regularly employ the three-point shot as part of their winning strategy. In 2014–15, Curry won the NBA Most Valuable Player Award and led the Warriors to their first championship since 1975. The following season, he became the first player in NBA history to be elected", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067038", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\n29, 2016; the previous record of 44 was held by the 1995–96 Chicago Bulls team led by Michael Jordan. On April 13, 2016, Golden State set the NBA record for most wins in a single season. The team finished the season with a record of 73–9. On May 10, 2016, Stephen Curry was named the NBA's Most Valuable Player (MVP) for the second straight season. Curry is the 11th player to win back-to-back MVP honors and became the first player in NBA history to win the MVP award by unanimous vote, winning all 131 first-place votes. Stephen Curry, Draymond Green", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8130985", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nWarriors player to lead the NBA in free throw percentage since Mark Price in 1996–97. Curry registered 20-or-more points 35 times, including seven 30-plus performances. He posted a season-high 39 points and a then career-high 14 field goals (on 20 FGA) against the Oklahoma City Thunder on December 5. In February 2011, during All-Star Weekend, Curry won the Skills Challenge and registered 13 points, eight assists and six rebounds in 28 minutes as a member of the Sophomore squad in the Rookie Challenge. In May 2011, he was named the recipient of the NBA Sportsmanship Award, and underwent surgery on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8131023", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nknow that I've been thinking about them.\"\" Also in 2015, after winning the MVP award following his impressive season, Curry donated his prize vehicle—a 2016 Kia Sorento—to the East Oakland Youth Development Center, a local non-profit organization located in the backyard of Oracle Arena. Curry is currently one of the most successful players in the NBA, and he has also become an international celebrity, on par with four-time MVP LeBron James. His flashy play and penchant for coming up big in the clutch have made him a fan favorite, and his smaller physique is said to have made his success", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369393", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nfor the month of April, averaging 25.4 points, 8.1 assists, 3.9 rebounds and 2.13 steals in eight games in the final month of the season to become the third Warrior to ever win the award, joining Chris Mullin (November 1990 and January 1989) and Bernard King (January 1981). He tallied two of the NBA's top six scoring games with 54 points on February 27 at New York and 47 on April 12 at Los Angeles, becoming the first Warrior to score 45-plus at New York and L.A. in the same season since Rick Barry in 1966 (joining Barry, Guy Rodgers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17381015", "chunk_text": "\"2015–16 Golden State Warriors season\"\npoints scored in an overtime period (regular-season or postseason). Stephen Curry was named Most Valuable Player on May 10, making it the third time a Warrior had won the award after Wilt Chamberlain won in the 1959–60 NBA season and Curry in 2014–15. Curry is the 11th player to win back-to-back MVP honors and is the first unanimous winner in NBA history with all 131 first-place votes. On May 11, the Warriors beat the Trail Blazers 125–121 in Game 5 to clinch the series and advance to the Western Conference Finals for the second consecutive year, where they faced the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17067033", "chunk_text": "\"Golden State Warriors\"\nthe season and second in offensive efficiency, barely missing the mark that the Julius Erving-led Sixers achieved by being first in both offensive and defensive efficiency. On May 4, Stephen Curry was named the 2014–15 NBA Most Valuable Player. Curry became the first Warrior to receive the award since Wilt Chamberlain received it in 1960. The Warriors swept the New Orleans Pelicans in the first round of the playoffs, defeated Memphis Grizzlies in six games in the second round, and dispatched Houston Rockets in five games in the Western Conference Finals. The Warriors advanced to their first NBA Finals since", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788573", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\ntheir 69th game of the season by defeating the Portland Trail Blazers at home, and became the fourth team in NBA history to reach 69 wins in a single season, joining the 1971–72 Los Angeles Lakers, 1995–96 Chicago Bulls and 1996–97 Chicago Bulls. On April 13, 2016, Golden State set the record for most wins in a single season, beating Memphis, and finishing 73–9. On May 10, 2016, Stephen Curry was named the NBA Most Valuable Player for the second straight season. Curry is the 11th player to win back-to-back MVP honors and became the first player in NBA history", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369420", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nStanding at 6 feet 3 inches tall (1.91 m) and weighing 190 pounds (86 kg), Curry plays almost exclusively at the point guard position and has career averages of 23.1 points, 6.8 assists, 4.4 rebounds, and 1.8 steals per game. He has been selected to four All-NBA Teams and voted league MVP twice. Known for his humility and work ethic, Curry is considered to be an important leader within the Warriors organization. He is said to have played a significant role in the recruitment of former MVP Kevin Durant to the Warriors. Curry is known for his elite shooting ability;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8131028", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nmultimedia deal with Curry's newly-formed production company Unanimous Media (named for Curry becoming the first NBA player in history to be elected Most Valuable Player by a unanimous vote), located on the Sony Pictures studio lot in Culver City. The film and TV deal included electronics, gaming and virtual reality and will focus on faith and family-friendly content. In October 2018, Curry signed on as executive producer of a film entitled \"\"Breakthrough\"\", scheduled for release in April 2019. Curry is an avid golfer; he played golf in high school, and frequently plays golf with teammate Andre Iguodala. A 5-handicap golfer,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4015874", "chunk_text": "\"NBA Most Valuable Player Award\"\nthe award a record six times. He is also the only player to win the award despite his team not making the playoffs back in the season. Both Bill Russell and Michael Jordan won the award five times, while Wilt Chamberlain and LeBron James won the award four times. Russell and James are the only players to have won the award four times in five seasons. Moses Malone, Larry Bird and Magic Johnson each won the award three times, while Bob Pettit, Karl Malone, Tim Duncan, Steve Nash and Stephen Curry have each won it twice. Only two rookies have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369399", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nthe NBA Most Valuable Player after posting averages of 23.8 points, 7.7 assists and 2 steals per game. Over the course of the season, he sat out 17 fourth quarters due to Golden State's wide margins of victory. In Game 5 of the Conference Semifinals against the Memphis Grizzlies, Curry became the first player in league history to register six three-pointers and six steals in a game. In Game 6, he made a playoff career-high eight three-pointers en route to a series-clinching victory. In Game 3 of the Conference Finals against the Houston Rockets, he broke the NBA record for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8131004", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nFinals for a third straight year while becoming the first team in league history to start the playoffs 12–0. In Game 2 of the 2017 NBA Finals against the Cleveland Cavaliers, Curry recorded his first career postseason triple-double with 32 points, 11 assists and 10 rebounds to help the Warriors go up 2–0 in the series with a 132–113 win. Curry helped the Warriors clinch the series and the championship in Game 5 with 34 points, 10 assists and six rebounds, as Golden State claimed its second title in three years. On July 1, 2017, Curry agreed to a five-year,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8131029", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nCurry participates in celebrity golf tournaments, and has played golf alongside Barack Obama. In August 2017, Curry competed in the Ellie Mae Classic on an unrestricted sponsor exemption. Though he missed the first cut, he scored 4-over-74 for both days he participated, surpassing most expectations for an amateur competing in the pro event. Stephen Curry Wardell Stephen Curry II ( ; born March 14, 1988) is an American professional basketball player for the Golden State Warriors of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Many players and analysts have called him the greatest shooter in NBA history. He is credited with revolutionizing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369415", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nresponse, Curry stated, \"\"At the end of the day, I'm not going to let a [Finals] MVP trophy define my career. Three titles ... Wherever that puts us in the conversation in the history of the NBA ... I'm a three-time champ.\"\" Rohan Nadkarni of \"\"Sports Illustrated\"\" argued that \"\"the Golden State dynasty started with Stephen Curry. He, for numerous reasons stretching from his incredible talent to his previous ankle injuries, put the Warriors in place to win their third championship in four seasons.\"\" On October 21, 2018, Curry had 30 points and six 3-pointers in a 100–98 loss to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "821304", "chunk_text": "\"NBA Most Valuable Player Award\"\nvoting panel casts a vote for first to fifth place selections. Each first-place vote is worth 10 points; each second-place vote is worth seven; each third-place vote is worth five, fourth-place is worth three and fifth-place is worth one. Starting from 2010, one ballot was cast by fans through online voting. The player with the highest point total wins the award. , the current holder of the award is James Harden of the Houston Rockets. Every player who has won this award and has been eligible for the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame has been inducted. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar won", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8131001", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nagainst the Minnesota Timberwolves to pass Steve Nash for 17th on the NBA's career three-pointers list. With 14 points against the Dallas Mavericks on December 30, Curry (11,903) passed Purvis Short (11,894) for seventh place on the Warriors' all-time scoring list. In a loss to the Memphis Grizzlies on January 6, 2017, Curry had his second 40-point game of the season and reached the 12,000-point threshold, becoming the seventh player in Warriors history to score 12,000 career points. On January 19, Curry was named a starter on the Western Conference All-Star team for the 2017 NBA All-Star Game. On February", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369400", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nmost three-pointers made in a single postseason. The Warriors went on to defeat the Rockets to earn a Finals matchup with the Cleveland Cavaliers, where Curry struggled to start the series, converting on only 22 percent of his field goals in Game 2. In Game 5, he scored 37 points, and in Game 6, Golden State closed out the series to win their first championship in 40 years. For the Finals, Curry averaged 26 points and 6.3 assists per game. On October 27, 2015, Curry scored 40 points (including a career-high 24 points in the first quarter) in the Warriors'", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369396", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nHe led the league in three-pointers made for a second consecutive season with 261 (fourth-most ever in a single season), the first player since Ray Allen in 2001–02 and 2002–03 to lead the league in threes in back-to-back seasons. He was named Western Conference Player of the Month for April and earned All-NBA Second Team honors, becoming first Warriors player named to First or Second Team since 1993–94. On December 7 against the Memphis Grizzlies, Curry eclipsed Jason Richardson (700) as the franchise's leader in career three-pointers. In February, he made his first All-Star appearance, becoming the Warriors' first All-Star", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369392", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nOver the course of the year, Curry and backcourt teammate Klay Thompson gained a reputation for their perimeter scoring, earning them the nickname the \"\"Splash Brothers\"\". In 2012–13, Curry appeared in 78 games (all starts), averaging career highs of 22.9 points (seventh in NBA) and 6.9 assists to go with 4.0 rebounds and 1.62 steals in 38.2 minutes. He established a new NBA single-season three-point record with 272 three-pointers, eclipsing the previous mark set by Ray Allen (269 in 2005–06), doing so on 53 less attempts than Allen did with Seattle. Curry earned Western Conference Player of the Month honors", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369397", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nstarter since Latrell Sprewell in 1995. He scored a season-high 47 points on April 13 against the Portland Trail Blazers for his third 40-point game of the year. He finished the regular season tied for second in the NBA in triple-doubles with four, the most by a Warrior in a single season since Wilt Chamberlain had five in 1963–64. Seeded sixth for the second consecutive postseason, the Warriors were defeated in seven games by the Los Angeles Clippers. Prior to the start of the 2014–15 season, the Warriors hired former NBA player and general manager Steve Kerr as their new", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6329531", "chunk_text": "\"NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award\"\nMacauley (1951), Cousy (1957), Pettit (1958, 1962), Chamberlain (1960), Adrian Smith (1966), Rick Barry (1967), Jerry West (1972), Tom Chambers (1987), Jordan (1988), Karl Malone (1993), John Stockton (1993), O'Neal (2004, 2009), Bryant (2011) and Davis (2017); Pettit and O'Neal did this multiple times. Kareem Abdul-Jabbar has the distinction of playing in the most All-Star Games (18) without winning the All-Star Game MVP, while Adrian Smith won the MVP in his only All-Star Game. NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award The National Basketball Association All-Star Game Most Valuable Player (MVP) is an annual National Basketball Association (NBA) award given", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13830784", "chunk_text": "\"Dell Curry\"\nthe Charlotte Bobcats (now Charlotte Hornets). In 2016 Curry was the recipient of the Bobby Jones Award at the Athletes in Action All Star Breakfast, which is held each year at the NBA All Star Weekend. Curry lives in Charlotte, North Carolina, with his wife Sonya Adams, who played volleyball at Virginia Tech, where they met; the couple have three children. His older son, Stephen, plays in the NBA for the Golden State Warriors. In 2014–15, Stephen won the NBA MVP award and led the Warriors to the NBA championship, and in 2015–16, he led his team to the highest", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8130982", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nsteals in 36.2 minutes. His second half of the season vaulted him into the rookie of the year race. He was named Western Conference Rookie of the Month for January, March and April, finishing as the only Western Conference rookie to win the award three times. He finished runner-up for the NBA Rookie of the Year Award behind Tyreke Evans and was a unanimous NBA All-Rookie First Team selection, becoming the first Warriors player since Jason Richardson in 2001–02 to earn All-Rookie First Team honors. He scored 30-plus points eight times, setting the most 30-point games by any rookie in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788572", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nAll-Stars since 1976. Green broke the Golden State franchise record of nine triple-doubles in a season. Curry broke numerous three-point records during the season, including his own NBA record for made three-pointers in a season of 286; he finished the season with 402 three pointers. He made a three-pointer in 151 consecutive games, which broke the NBA record of 127 set by Kyle Korver in 2014. On February 27, 2016, Curry also tied the NBA record of twelve three-pointers made in a single game, jointly holding it with Donyell Marshall and Kobe Bryant. On April 3, 2016, the Warriors won", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369394", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nand Wilt Chamberlain as the only four Warriors to do so). Curry's 54 points against the Knicks included a career-best and franchise-record 11 three-pointers, becoming the first player in NBA history to score 50-plus points while hitting 10-plus three-pointers in a game. It was the most scored by a Warrior since Purvis Short tallied 59 points in 1984. He appeared in the playoffs for the first time in 2013, with the Warriors earning the sixth seed in the Western Conference. In 12 playoff games (all starts), he averaged 23.4 points, 8.1 assists and 3.8 rebounds. He set a new franchise", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788568", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nStephen Curry was named the 2014–15 NBA Most Valuable Player, the first Warrior to do so since Wilt Chamberlain in 1960. In the first round of the playoffs, they swept the New Orleans Pelicans, defeated Memphis Grizzlies in the second round in six games and defeated Houston Rockets in five games of the Western Conference Finals. The Warriors advanced to their first NBA Finals since 1975, where they defeated the Cleveland Cavaliers in six games to win their fourth NBA title, and their first in 40 years. Andre Iguodala was named Finals MVP. Other highlights of the season included Stephen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8130967", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nYear and set the all-time scoring record for both Davidson and the Southern Conference. During his sophomore year, he also set the single-season NCAA record for three-pointers made. During the 2012–13 season, Curry set the NBA record for three-pointers made in a regular season with 272. He surpassed that record in 2015 with 286, and again in 2016 with 402. Curry is currently fifth in all-time made three-pointers in NBA history. During the 2013–14 season, he and teammate Klay Thompson were nicknamed the Splash Brothers en route to setting the NBA record for combined three-pointers in a season with 484,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369401", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nseason-opening win over the New Orleans Pelicans, the most points scored by a reigning MVP in an opener since 1972 when Kareem Abdul-Jabbar scored 41 for the Milwaukee Bucks. Two games later on October 31, also against the Pelicans, Curry scored 53 points on 17-of-27 shooting to lead the Warriors to a 134–120 win. Curry became the first player since Michael Jordan in 1989–90 to score 118 points in the first three games of a season. On November 24, he scored 24 points in a win over the Los Angeles Lakers, as the Warriors set the record for best start", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "821307", "chunk_text": "\"NBA Most Valuable Player Award\"\nthat failed to win at least 50 regular-season games since the . Every player to have won the award has made at least one appearance as a player in the NBA Finals, with the exceptions of Steve Nash and Derrick Rose. NBA Most Valuable Player Award The National Basketball Association Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) is an annual National Basketball Association (NBA) award given since the 1955–56 season to the best performing player of the regular season. The winner receives the Maurice Podoloff Trophy, which is named in honor of the first commissioner (then president) of the NBA, who served", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8130993", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nhis third straight All-Star game for the West, and competed in the Three-Point Shootout, where he lost in the final round to teammate Klay Thompson. At 48–4, the Warriors entered the All-Star break with the best record through 52 games in NBA history, one win better than the 1995–96 Chicago Bulls and 1966–67 Philadelphia 76ers. On February 25, Curry made 10 three-pointers and scored 51 points to lead the Warriors past the Orlando Magic 130–114. Curry topped 50 points for the third time in 2015–16, the first player to do it that many times since LeBron James and Dwyane Wade", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18788578", "chunk_text": "\"History of the Golden State Warriors\"\nyears. The Warriors won the championship after going 4–1 in the Finals, and their 16–1 playoff record garnered the best winning percentage (.941) in NBA playoffs history. Kevin Durant was named the Finals MVP award after he scored at least 30 points in all five NBA Finals games and averaging 35.2 points per game. The victory at Oracle Arena to secure the title was the first title victory by a Bay Area team at home since the Oakland Athletics won the World Series in the Oakland–Alameda Coliseum in 1974, capping off a three-peat World Series run. On June 8, 2018,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369422", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nAs of April 2018, he ranks fourth in NBA history in career three-point field goal percentage and holds four of the top five seasons in terms of total three-pointers made. He is also the fastest player in league history to make 2,000 career three-pointers, doing so in 227 fewer games than the previous record-holder. A clutch scorer, he often shoots at his best in high-pressure moments, and takes game-winning shots. Curry is credited with revolutionizing the game of basketball by inspiring basketball teams, ranging from high school to the NBA, to regularly employ the three-point shot as part of their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8130994", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\ndid so in 2008–09. Curry also surpassed Kyle Korver's mark of 127 straight games with a three-pointer. In the following game two days later, the Warriors defeated the Oklahoma City Thunder in overtime thanks to a Curry three-pointer with 0.6 seconds remaining. Curry finished with 46 points as his winning shot was his 12th three-pointer, tying the NBA single-game record (with Kobe Bryant and Donyell Marshall). He also broke his own NBA record for threes in a season, leaving the new mark at 288. On March 7, in a win over the Orlando Magic, Curry scored 41 points and became", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369398", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nhead coach. Kerr implemented significant changes to Golden State's schemes, including playing at a faster pace and giving Curry more freedom to shoot, helping the team evolve into a title contender. On February 4, Curry scored a season-high 51 points in a win over the Dallas Mavericks. He was the leading vote-getter for the All-Star Game and won the Three-Point Contest on All-Star Saturday night. On April 9, he broke his own league record for three-pointers made in a season during a game against the Portland Trail Blazers. The Warriors finished the year with 67 wins and Curry was voted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10086169", "chunk_text": "\"NBA Finals\"\nstarting a regular season game that season. During the 2015–16 season, the Warriors broke the record for most wins in a season with a record of 73–9 and Curry won his second straight MVP award, as well as becoming the first unanimous MVP in history and shattering his own record for three-pointers made in a single season by over one hundred in the process. The Warriors fell to a 3-1 deficit in the Western Conference Finals against a Kevin Durant-led Oklahoma City Thunder team, but won three straight elimination games to take the series and advance to a second straight", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10047834", "chunk_text": "\"NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award\"\nThe player(s) with the most votes or ties for the most votes wins the award. No All-Star Game MVP was named in 1999 since the game was canceled due to the league's lockout. , the most recent recipient is Los Angeles Lakers forward LeBron James. Bob Pettit and Kobe Bryant are the only two players to win the All-Star Game MVP four times. Oscar Robertson, Michael Jordan, Shaquille O'Neal, and LeBron James have each won the award three times, while Bob Cousy, Julius Erving, Isiah Thomas, Magic Johnson, Karl Malone, Allen Iverson, and Russell Westbrook have all won the award", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369419", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nhelped Team USA capture the silver medal. In 2010, he was selected to the senior squad, playing limited minutes at the 2010 FIBA World Championship (known later as FIBA Basketball World Cup) as the United States won the gold medal in an undefeated tournament. In 2014, he took on a larger role with the team, helping them to another undefeated tournament at the 2014 World Cup and scoring 10 points in the final game. On June 6, 2016, Curry withdrew from consideration for the 2016 Olympics in Brazil, citing ankle and knee ailments as the major reason behind the decision.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6329530", "chunk_text": "\"NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award\"\nU.S. college basketball at Wake Forest. Bob Pettit (1958, 1959) and Russell Westbrook (2015, 2016) are the only players to win consecutive awards. Pettit (1956), Bob Cousy (1957), Wilt Chamberlain (1960), Bill Russell (1963), Oscar Robertson (1964), Willis Reed (1970), Dave Cowens (1973), Michael Jordan (1988, 1996, 1998), Magic Johnson (1990), Shaquille O'Neal (2000), and Allen Iverson (2001) all won the All-Star Game MVP and the NBA Most Valuable Player Award in the same season; Jordan is the only player to do this multiple times. 14 players have won the award playing for the team that hosted the All-Star Game:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20457567", "chunk_text": "\"James Harden\"\nseries at 2–2 with a 95–92 win. In Game 6, he recorded 32 points, nine assists and seven rebounds in a 115–86 loss. Despite a 32-point effort from Harden in Game 7, the Rockets were eliminated from the playoffs with a 101–92 defeat. In June, Harden was named the NBA Most Valuable Player for the 2017–18 season, becoming the third player in franchise history to receive the award, joining Moses Malone (1978–79 and 1981–82) and Hakeem Olajuwon (1993–94). That same month, he was voted the National Basketball Players Association's MVP for the 2017–18 season, earning the honor for a second", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8130983", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\n2009–10 and the most since LeBron James had 13 and Carmelo Anthony had 10 in 2003–04. Curry had five 30-point/10-assist games, which tied Michael Jordan for the second-most 30-point/10-assist games by a rookie (Oscar Robertson is first with 25). He became just the sixth rookie in NBA history to post a 35-point, 10-assist, 10-rebound game when he registered his first career triple-double with 36 points, 13 assists and 10 rebounds against the Los Angeles Clippers on February 10. In the Warriors' season finale against the Portland Trail Blazers on April 14, Curry recorded a then career-high 42 points, nine rebounds", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8131007", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\npoints in three quarters. On January 25, he scored 25 points in a 126–113 win over the Minnesota Timberwolves. Curry became the fifth player in Warriors history to score 14,000 points, ending the game with 14,023 and joining Wilt Chamberlain (17,783), Rick Barry (16,447), Paul Arizin (16,266) and Chris Mullin (16,235) on the franchise list. On January 27, he scored 49 points—with 13 of those over the final 1:42—and hit eight 3-pointers, lifting the Warriors past the Boston Celtics 109–105. On February 22, he had a 44-point effort with eight 3-pointers in a 134–127 win over the Los Angeles Clippers.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8131026", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\nand actually get it.\"\" Curry is widely known for his partnership with Under Armour, where he is considered to be the \"\"face of their footwear line\"\". Originally signed to Nike, Curry joined with Under Armour in the 2013 offseason. As Curry became MVP and one of the most popular athletes in the world, sales of his shoes have become a major factor for the brand, with stock prices rising and falling based on the success of the Curry shoe line. In September 2017, it was announced that Curry had signed an exclusive autograph contract with Steiner Sports Memorabilia. The full", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6329528", "chunk_text": "\"NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award\"\ntwice. James' first All-Star MVP in 2006 made him the youngest to have ever won the award at the age of 21 years, 1 month. Kyrie Irving, winner of the 2014 All-Star Game MVP, is the second-youngest at 21 years, 10 months. They are notable as being the two youngest to win the award, both as Cleveland Cavaliers. Four of the games had joint winners—Elgin Baylor and Pettit in 1959, John Stockton and Malone in 1993, O'Neal and Tim Duncan in 2000, and O'Neal and Bryant in 2009. O'Neal became the first player in All-Star history to share two MVP", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13040094", "chunk_text": "\"2016–17 Golden State Warriors season\"\nwin 30 road games in back-to-back seasons, joining the 1995–96 and 1996–97 Chicago Bulls. Stephen Curry set numerous three-point NBA records this season; including most three-pointers made in a single game with 13 and most consecutive games (regular-season and postseason combined) with a made three-pointer with 196. Curry also surpassed 300 three-pointers in the regular-season for the second time in NBA history; he finished with 324. Draymond Green won the Defensive Player of the Year Award at the NBA Awards, the first time a Warrior has won it. Kevin Durant won the NBA Finals MVP award, the third time a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2369403", "chunk_text": "\"Stephen Curry\"\npoints, 12 assists and 10 rebounds in a 122–110 win over the Indiana Pacers. He made eight three-pointers in the game to reach 200 for the season, becoming the first player in NBA history to make 200 three-pointers in four straight seasons. On February 3, he made 11 three-pointers (including seven in the first quarter) and scored 51 points (including a career-high 36 points in the first half) to lead the Warriors past the Washington Wizards 134–121. His 51 points tied Gilbert Arenas and Michael Jordan for the Verizon Center record. During the 2016 NBA All-Star Weekend, Curry competed in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14623080", "chunk_text": "\"2014–15 Golden State Warriors season\"\ntheir 60th game and clinched the best record in the Western Conference and set a franchise record for regular season wins (the 1975–76 Warriors had won 59). They finished the regular season with a record of 67–15. Numerous Warriors set individual records over the course of the season. Stephen Curry won the NBA Most Valuable Player Award, the first Warriors player to win since Wilt Chamberlain in the 1959–60 NBA season, when the franchise was still located in Philadelphia. He also broke his own NBA record for made three-pointers in a season of 272, he finished with 286. On January", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_278	who ran the fastest 40 yard dash in the nfl?	n/a	[ "Jakeem Grant", "John Ross" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8943681", "chunk_text": "\"40-yard dash\"\n4.18 run by Jackson within the same week added some support to the legitimacy of the times. Texas Tech's Jakeem Grant was hand-timed by a New Orleans Saints scout as running a 4.10 in 2016, potentially beating Jackson's record. Deion Sanders ran a 4.27-second 40-yard dash in 1989. In 2013, Carlin Isles recorded a time of 4.22 at a Detroit Lions facility during a workout. In 2017 Olympic sprinter Christian Coleman ran a time of 4.12 seconds on turf in response to claims that NFL players are as fast as Usain Bolt. This is a list of the official 40-yard", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14504304", "chunk_text": "\"40-yard dash\"\nfactored in. Furthermore, the use of hand-timing in the 40-yard dash can considerably alter a runner's time; the methods are not comparable to the rigorous electronic timing used in track and field. Jacoby Ford, who ran a 4.28 s in the 2010 NFL Combine, had a collegiate best of 6.51 s in the 60-meter dash (outside the top-40 of the all-time lists). This highlights the difficulties in comparing track running times to football 40-yard times due to the different timing methods. Auburn's Bo Jackson claims to have run a 40-yard dash with a time of 4.13 s. A time of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6800554", "chunk_text": "\"Rondel Menendez\"\nRondel Menendez Rondel Menendez (born May 18, 1975) is a former American football wide receiver. He was drafted by the Atlanta Falcons in the seventh-round of the 1999 NFL Draft out of Eastern Kentucky University. He shared the record for the fastest 40-yard dash time with Chris Johnson, recorded at the NFL Combine at 4.24 seconds. In 2017, his record was broken by John Ross, who ran a 4.22 second 40-yard dash. After accumulating 821 yards receiving in his first two years with Eastern Kentucky, Menendez accomplished a breakout season in his junior year, totaling 1,137 yards on 54 receptions.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10488697", "chunk_text": "\"Wendall Williams\"\nWendall Williams Wendall Williams (born September 18, 1990) Is a former American football wide receiver who is currently a free agent. He played college football at Cumberlands and was signed by the Texans as an undrafted free agent in 2016. He made many media headlines after he broke the 40-yard dash record, with a time of 4.19 seconds unofficially. Williams was born to Claudinne Clark, a house cleaner and hospital sterile processor in Syracuse, New York. He attended Bishop Ludden High School, where he played competitive football and track. In his junior season, he totaled 17 receiving touchdowns, and tallied", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6831118", "chunk_text": "\"Stan Smagala\"\nStan Smagala Stanley Adam Smagala (born April 6, 1968) is a former American football safety in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys and Pittsburgh Steelers. He played college football at the University of Notre Dame. Smagala grew up in Chicago, Illinois and attended St. Laurence High School, where he practiced football, wrestling and track. The summer before his senior year, he attended a football camp held by the University of Notre Dame, where he tied the camp record for the fastest 40-yard dash. As a senior running back, he posted 140 carries for 900 rushing yards and received", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14504300", "chunk_text": "\"40-yard dash\"\n40-yard dash The 40-yard dash is a sprint covering . It is primarily run to evaluate the speed and acceleration of American football players by scouts, particularly for the NFL Draft but also for collegiate recruiting. A player's recorded time can have a heavy impact on his prospects in college or professional football. This was traditionally only true for the \"\"skill\"\" positions such as running back, wide receiver, and defensive back, although now a fast 40-yard dash time is considered important for almost every position. The 40-yard dash is not an official race in track and field athletics and is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18677698", "chunk_text": "\"Onterio McCalebb\"\nOnterio McCalebb Onterio McCalebb (born August 10, 1989) is an American football wide receiver who is a free agent. McCalebb garnered much attention with an impressive performance in the 40-yard dash at the 2013 NFL Combine, recording an official time of 4.28 seconds, the fastest by a running back. He has also been a member of the Cincinnati Bengals of the NFL. McCalebb grew up in Fort Meade, Florida, raised primarily by his grandmother and father. McCalebb attended Fort Meade High School in Fort Meade, Florida, where he played football, basketball, and ran track. As a senior in 2007, McCalebb", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14504306", "chunk_text": "\"40-yard dash\"\ndash results of 4.30 seconds or better recorded at the NFL Scouting combine since 1999, the first year electronic timing was implemented at the NFL Scouting Combine. According to a five-year NFL combine report, wide receivers and cornerbacks had the fastest average times at 4.48, followed by running backs at 4.49. The following average times were measured between 2000 and 2012 at the NFL combine for players who played at least 5 games. 40-yard dash The 40-yard dash is a sprint covering . It is primarily run to evaluate the speed and acceleration of American football players by scouts, particularly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8394606", "chunk_text": "\"Stanford Routt\"\nConference USA in 2004 after winning the 60-meter and 200-meter dashes. Those wins eventually qualified Routt to compete in the 60-meter and 200-meter dashes at the NCAA Indoor Championship. Routt is a two-time champion in the 200 meters at the NCAA Midwest Regional Championships. At the 2005 NFL Scouting Combine, Routt ran the fastest 40-yard dash at a time of 4.27 seconds, the fastest time since the NFL used electronic timing. His record was broken by running back Chris Johnson with a time of 4.24 seconds in 2008. Routt was drafted by the Oakland Raiders in the second round (38th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3820192", "chunk_text": "\"Dennis Morgan (American football)\"\nDennis Morgan (American football) Dennis Morgan (June 26, 1952 – October 25, 2015) was an American football running back in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys and the Philadelphia Eagles. He played college football at Western Illinois University. Morgan, grew up in White Plains, New York and attended White Plains Senior High School. He was a part of the 1969 undefeated football team. He also lettered in track and baseball. He set the high school national record for the indoor 40-yard dash at 4.3 seconds. He accepted a scholarship from Bradley University, where he was named the starter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14504302", "chunk_text": "\"40-yard dash\"\nspeed, the best method of timing is through lasers which start and stop the times when passed through. A laser start (from a stationary position) is more accurate for measuring pure speed as it does not register a runner's reaction time. However, the method of timing a 40-yard dash can affect the accuracy by as much as 0.5 seconds (with the manual stopwatch method). The National Football League (NFL) did not begin using partial electronic timing (started by hand, stopped electronically) at the NFL Scouting Combine until 1999. For purposes of measurement at the Combine, the run is made along", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14351012", "chunk_text": "\"J. J. Nelson\"\nfor Midfield, earning team MVP and All-region honors. He was a two-year letterwinner in both track and basketball. Nelson was named a member of the 2014 College Football All-America Team by the Walter Camp Foundation, \"\"USA Today\"\", and CBS Sports as a kick returner. Nelson was also Conference USA special teams player of the year and first-team All-conference as a wide receiver. At the 2015 NFL Scouting Combine, Nelson had the fastest 40-yard dash with a time of 4.28 seconds, .04 seconds shy of the then-combine record of 4.24 seconds held then by Chris Johnson. Nelson was drafted by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15307489", "chunk_text": "\"Mike Mitchell (safety)\"\nreceiver Darrius Heyward-Bey, who had run the fastest 40-yard dash among all the receivers at the NFL combine. Later, it was reported that Mitchell was possibly being targeted by the Chicago Bears (selecting at 49—two spots behind the Raiders). Mitchell has stated that the Bears had called him around the 40th overall pick and told him to \"\"stay close to the phone.\"\" Chicago Bears' General Manager Jerry Angelo said that after both Mike Mitchell and Brian Robiskie were selected before they could select them, they opted to trade out of the round. Mayock later apologized to the Raiders for Mitchell's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "472224", "chunk_text": "\"Trindon Holliday\"\nField News has Holliday recorded at 6.19 over 55 meters indoors in 2005, leading the nation. Leading up to the 2010 NFL Scouting Combine, Trindon Holliday had hoped to break Chris Johnson's record mark of 4.24 in the 40-yard dash. Holliday had self-reported running times as fast as 4.21, which seemed plausible given his extensive track background, and the fastest 100 m dash time of any football player in NCAA history. At the combine, reports of Holliday's 40-yard dash time ranged from between 4.18 seconds and 4.34 seconds. Adam Schefter, an ESPN reporter on hand at the event, had reported", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6769699", "chunk_text": "\"Charone Peake\"\nRyan (Bills), Marvin Lewis (Bengals), Mike Tomlin (Steelers), and Chuck Pagano (Colts), as Peake performed positional drills and also chose to run the 40-yard dash (4.38s), 20-yard dash (2.55s), and 10-yard dash (1.50s). Peake's unofficial time of 4.38 in the 40-yard dash would've finished third among all receivers at the NFL combine, behind Notre Dame's Will Fuller and TCU's Kolby Listenbee. Although he had a experience a few drops during receiving drills, Peake's overall performance was still well received by scouts and draft analysts. At the conclusion of the pre-draft process, Peake was projected to be a third or fourth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19029392", "chunk_text": "\"Ricardo Lockette\"\ninjury as \"\"50% of the reason.\"\" Lockette now works as an advocate for spinal cord injury research with the Seattle Science Foundation. Ricardo Lockette Ricardo Quantaye Lockette (born May 21, 1986) is a former American football wide receiver. He was signed by the Seattle Seahawks as an undrafted free agent in 2011. He played college football at Fort Valley State University. He won the NCAA Division II 200-meter dash in 2008 in a personal record of 20.63 seconds; he has run the 100-meter dash in 10.28 seconds; he tied for the third-fastest 40-yard dash (4.37 seconds) at the 2011 NFL", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7244120", "chunk_text": "\"Ricardo Lockette\"\nRicardo Lockette Ricardo Quantaye Lockette (born May 21, 1986) is a former American football wide receiver. He was signed by the Seattle Seahawks as an undrafted free agent in 2011. He played college football at Fort Valley State University. He won the NCAA Division II 200-meter dash in 2008 in a personal record of 20.63 seconds; he has run the 100-meter dash in 10.28 seconds; he tied for the third-fastest 40-yard dash (4.37 seconds) at the 2011 NFL Scouting Combine. Tyree Price, Lockette's track coach at Fort Valley State, has stated that, had he stuck with track, he would have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14232404", "chunk_text": "\"Orlando McKay\"\nthe 100-, 200- and 400-meters and three 400 titles. McKay started at the Wide Receiver position for the University of Washington for three years before being selected in the fifth round of the 1992 NFL Draft by Green Bay (130th overall). He had the 32nd fastest time in the world in the 400 meter dash in 1989. In college, he came away with Rose Bowl and National Championship Football rings, as #4 on the Washington Huskies as well as three Pac-10 All-Academic seasons. Orlando McKay Orlando McKay (born October 2, 1969) is an American former gridiron football wide receiver. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18677704", "chunk_text": "\"Onterio McCalebb\"\na contract with the Ottawa Redblacks of the Canadian Football League. RedBlacks GM Marcel Desjardins said that the team plans to get McCalebb in competition as a kick and punt return specialist, and possibly integrate him into the offense in certain packages. He was released by the team on April 27, 2016. Onterio McCalebb Onterio McCalebb (born August 10, 1989) is an American football wide receiver who is a free agent. McCalebb garnered much attention with an impressive performance in the 40-yard dash at the 2013 NFL Combine, recording an official time of 4.28 seconds, the fastest by a running", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3478994", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley Arnoux\"\nStanley Arnoux Stanley Arnoux (born September 9, 1986) is a former American football linebacker. He was drafted by the New Orleans Saints in the fourth round of the 2009 NFL Draft. He played college football at Wake Forest. Arnoux's parents were born in Haiti, and he is fluent in Haitian Creole. At the 2009 NFL Scouting Combine, Arnoux ran the second fastest 40-yard dash time at the linebacker position. His official 40-yard dash time was 4.61 seconds. Arnoux was drafted by the New Orleans Saints in the fourth round of the 2009 NFL Draft. In the first practice of Saints", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20685697", "chunk_text": "\"Kevin Barnes (American football)\"\non the Wonderlic intelligence test with a 41 out of 50, which far exceeded the average prospect's grade of 19. He ran the 40-yard dash in 4.52 seconds, which was 0.06 seconds slower than the fastest time record by a cornerback. His vertical jump of 38.5 inches was the sixth-best recorded by a cornerback. Maryland coaches reportedly told Redskins head coach Jim Zorn that Barnes was \"\"maybe the only guy in that league who could run with wide receiver Darrius Heyward-Bey,\"\" who recorded the fastest 40-yard dash time at the combine and was selected seventh overall in the draft. Zorn", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8943672", "chunk_text": "\"40-yard dash\"\nnot an IAAF-recognized event. The origin of timing football players for 40 yards comes from the average distance of a punt and the time it takes to reach that distance. Punts average around 40 yards in distance from the line of scrimmage, and the hangtime (time of flight) averages approximately 4.5 seconds. Therefore, if a coach knows that a player runs 40 yards in 4.5 seconds, he will be able to leave the line of scrimmage when a punt is kicked, and reach the point where the ball comes down just as it arrives. In terms of judging a person's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15029354", "chunk_text": "\"Carlisle, Pennsylvania\"\nwith respiratory or heart disease]. The pollutant typically involved is PM2.5, particulate matter composed of particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter. The Central Pennsylvania Youth Ballet (CPYB), a ballet school and performing company known internationally for their alumni, is based in Carlisle. Carlisle is the headquarters of the Giant Food supermarkets in Pennsylvania. Carlisle was home to the Washington Redskins training camp for many years. In 1986, cornerback Darrell Green ran the 40-yard dash at Dickinson College in 4.09 seconds. Although the result was unofficial, it is the fastest \"\"legitimate\"\" time ever recorded in the 40-yard dash. Carlisle, Pennsylvania", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2862377", "chunk_text": "\"Jahvid Best\"\nto play.'\"\" Best announced on January 2, 2010 that he would forgo his senior year and enter the NFL draft. At the NFL Scouting Combine, Best tied for the sixth fastest overall 40 yard dash time and was the fastest among running backs. He was selected in a pick trade from the Minnesota Vikings by the Detroit Lions 30th overall in the 2010 NFL Draft. Regarding the pick, Lions head coach Jim Schwartz said, \"\"Some people watch adult videos on their computer... I go to YouTube and watch Jahvid Best highlight clips. That’s what gets \"\"me\"\" aroused.\"\" Best signed a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9306590", "chunk_text": "\"Taylor Mays\"\nshowed limited skills in pass coverage drills\"\", and was therefore projected to outside linebacker by some teams. However, during an interview with Steve Wyche of NFL Network, Mays said that the NFL teams he was interviewed by during the 2010 NFL Combine processes never mentioned him switching positions, but that he would be willing do so if need be.As a top safety prospect he received an invitation to the NFL Scouting Combine and ran the 40-yard dash in 4.43 seconds, the fastest time among safeties. Although it could have been considerably faster, as he clocked an unofficial time of 4.24", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14162053", "chunk_text": "\"Joe Haden\"\nsore back at that time. On March 17, 2010, he participated at Florida's pro day and opted to rerun the 40, 20, and 10-yard dash as well as the short shuttle. He was able to shorten his time in all, running a 4.43 in the 40-yard dash, a 2.60 in the 20, and a 1.53 in the ten-yard dash. Over 75 representatives from all 32 NFL teams attended including head coaches Eric Mangini (Browns), Mike Tomlin (Steelers), John Fox (Panthers), Raheem Morris (Buccaneers), and Tom Coughlin (Giants) He was ranked as the top cornerback prospect in the draft by NFLDraftScout.com", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15563937", "chunk_text": "\"Jalen Mills\"\nto the NFL combine and completed all of the required combine drills. His 40-yard dash time was mediocre and tied for 33rd among all defensive back prospects. On March 14, 2016, he participated at LSU's pro day and opted to have another attempt at the 40, 20, and 10-yard dash. Mills raised his draft stock after lowering his 40-yard dash time (4.48), but wasn't able to greatly change his combine numbers in the 20 and 10-yard dash. All 32 NFL teams were represented by coaches and scouts to watch Mills, Deion Jones, Vadal Alexander, Lamar Louis, Jerald Hawkins, Quentin Thomas,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18965179", "chunk_text": "\"Dri Archer\"\na passing touchdown. Archer was named the MAC Special Teams Player of the Year. He made the All-MAC first team as a running back and kick returner. He was also a finalist for the Paul Hornung Award. Archer was a consensus All-American. Source: At the NFL Scouting Combine, Archer ran the 40-yard dash in 4.26 seconds, which is the third fastest time ever recorded (Chris Johnson 4.24 and John Ross 4.22) since the NFL began electronic timing. He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the 3rd round (97th overall) in the 2014 NFL Draft. On September 7, 2014, Archer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17776111", "chunk_text": "\"Randall Burks\"\nRandall Burks Randall James Burks (born August 22, 1953) is a former NFL wide receiver who played for the Chicago Bears. Burks was known for his speed, described as \"\"electrifying\"\". Born in Garvin, Oklahoma, Burks first gained notice in high school, in Idabel. He set the state record for the indoor 60-yard dash, with a time of 6.1 seconds, and in 1970 and 1971 he was Oklahoma state champion for the 100-yard dash. He first attended Oklahoma State University, but later transferred to the much smaller Southeastern Oklahoma State University, where he was twice named All Conference, and in his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2197228", "chunk_text": "\"John Ross (American football)\"\ncombine. As a top wide receiver prospect, he received an invitation to the NFL Combine and broke Chris Johnson's 4.24 record time in the 40-yard dash. Ross finished with a 4.22, but strained his calves while pulling up at the end of his run. The calf injuries hindered his ability to complete all the set combine drills or run his second attempt at the 40-yard dash. Ross attended Washington's Pro Day, but only ran positional drills. The next day, he had surgery to repair a torn labrum in his shoulder. He was ranked as the third best wide receiver prospect", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1798714", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Budd\"\nFrank Budd Francis Joseph \"\"Frank\"\" Budd (July 20, 1939 – April 29, 2014) was an American football wide receiver in the National Football League for the Philadelphia Eagles and the Washington Redskins. Budd was an Olympic athlete who competed in the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, where he finished fifth in the finals of the 100 meter event and was part of the team that finished first in the 4×100 meter relay before being disqualified on a baton pass. He set the world record in the 100-yard dash with a time of 9.2 seconds in 1961, breaking the record that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7119806", "chunk_text": "\"Darqueze Dennard\"\nwas a projected consensus first round pick by NFL draft experts and scouts. He received an invitation to the NFL combine as a top prospect and chose to only run the 40-yard dash, 20-yard dash, 10-yard dash, and perform the bench press. His time in the 40-yard dash (4.51) was the 13th best among all qualifying cornerbacks. NFL draft analyst Mike Mayock stated that Dennard would have to run a 4.45 or lower in the 40 to be considered a top ten overall pick. Dennard said that he was unable to complete all the combine drills due to unforeseen circumstances", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17338726", "chunk_text": "\"Steven Turner\"\nSteven Turner Steven \"\"Afterburner\"\" Turner (born January 18, 1987 in Brampton, Ontario) is a professional Canadian football running back and slotback who is currently a free agent. He was drafted 30th overall by the Toronto Argonauts in the 2010 CFL Draft. He played college football for the Bishop's Gaiters. Turner attended Bishop's University where he played college football for the Bishop's Gaiters from 2006-2009 under former Toronto Argonaut Leroy Blugh. Turner turned heads at the CFL Evaluation Camp after he broke the E-Camp record of 4.39 seconds for the 40-yard dash by recording his own mark of 4.31 seconds. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16722161", "chunk_text": "\"Noah Brown (American football)\"\nConley, Raekwon McMillan, Curtis Samuel, and five other prospects. He only performed the 40-yard dash, 20-yard dash, and 10-yard dash as scouts and team representatives from all 32 NFL teams looked on, including head coaches: Bill Belichick (Patriots), Mike Tomlin (Steelers), Hue Jackson (Browns), Mike Mularkey (Titans), Sean Payton (Saints), Jim Caldwell (Lions), and Marvin Lewis (Bengals). At the conclusion of the pre-draft process, Brown was projected to be a fifth or sixth round pick by NFL draft experts and scouts. He was ranked as the 27th best wide receiver prospect in the draft by NFLDraftScout.com. The Dallas Cowboys selected", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11305593", "chunk_text": "\"CFL Combine\"\nin Toronto. The 2015 CFL Draft class was believed to be the deepest in many years – a result of both CFL eligibility rules and increasing quality of coaching and systems in the high school and university level across Canada. Several all-time CFL Combine records were broken in 2015, starting with the 40-yard dash. Regina Rams CB Tevaughn Campbell ran the fastest electronically timed 40-yard dash with 4.35 seconds. Wilfrid Laurier's Chris Ackie set the new broad jump record leaping 10 feet 11.5 inches, surpassing Brian Nugent<nowiki>'s 2002 record of 10’ 10.5″</nowiki>. Chris Ackie also led all prospects with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5964097", "chunk_text": "\"Jerome Mathis\"\nreturn average, breaking the record set by John Taylor of Delaware State University, with an average of 26.6 yards per return. He also holds the NCAA record for career kickoff returns for a touchdown with six. Mathis recorded the third fastest, 40 time (4.26 seconds) ever at the NFL Combine. Only to be broken by Chris Johnson in 2008 and John Ross in 2017. His time was tied by Dri Archer in 2014. In his rookie season with the Texans, he was selected to the Pro Bowl for the AFC to be their starter as a kick returner. He was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6738100", "chunk_text": "\"Trai Turner\"\na first round draft pick in the 2015 NFL Draft. His power as a run blocker, mean streak, and length drew comparisons to Marshal Yanda. At the 2014 NFL combine, Turner surprised many analysts with his speed and athleticism, recording the fastest 40-yard dash among offensive guards. Dallas Cowboys executive vice president Stephen Jones noted after the 2014 NFL Draft that had the Cowboys not traded the number 78 overall selection in a deal to move up to select Boise State defensive end DeMarcus Lawrence, they would have used that pick to draft Turner, whom they regarded as an immediate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7331621", "chunk_text": "\"Rich Eisen\"\nwith a variety of celebrity guests talking mostly sports and current events. In 2005, Terrell Davis challenged Eisen to compete in the 40-yard dash at the NFL Scouting Combine. Eisen runs it annually, wearing a suit, and his times are: That makes his best time 5.94, in 2016. He's turned his annual sprint into a charitable campaign \"\"#RunRichRun\"\" which raises money for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. His campaign has already raised over $480,000 and for his work he was honored with the 2017 Pat Summerall Award. On November 3, 2014, Eisen took over the noon–3 p.m. time slot on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13357444", "chunk_text": "\"Raymond Berry\"\nright across the sun.\"\" Berry was famous for his attention to detail and preparation, which he used to overcome his physical limitations. Considered slow for a wide receiver, he ran the 40-yard dash in 4.8 seconds. Rather than speed, he was renowned for his precise pass patterns and sure hands; he rarely dropped passes, and he fumbled only once in his career. He would squeeze Silly Putty constantly to strengthen his hands. He and Unitas regularly worked after practice and developed the timing and knowledge of each other's abilities that made each more effective. The reason for this, according to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10975225", "chunk_text": "\"Sultan McCullough\"\nSultan McCullough Sultan McCullough (born February 12, 1980) is a retired American football running back. He has played in the National Football League for the Washington Redskins and in the Canadian Football League (CFL) for the Montreal Alouettes. During his college career, McCullough was also a standout as a sprinter, as he was the 1999 Pac-10 champion in the 100 meter dash. McCullough is regarded as the fastest player ever to play for the USC Trojans. His brother Saladin McCullough also played professional football. McCullough attended John Muir High School in Pasadena, California where he was one of the top", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1225249", "chunk_text": "\"NFL Scouting Combine\"\nthose receiving supermajority support from the selection committee. The combine however is not without its critics. Sports writer Steve Silverman explains, in an article he wrote, what happened to Terrell Suggs in 2003. Suggs was a star player for Arizona State but when Suggs ran a slow 4.83 40 he was downgraded. Later, he became a star player for the Ravens. Doug Tatum of \"\"Times-Picayune\"\" argues that it is unlikely players will be asked to run a 40-yard dash again during their career. Silverman says that the best way to scout is to simply watch them play. Others think the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1937334", "chunk_text": "\"Laquon Treadwell\"\nbehind Notre Dame's Will Fuller. On February 22, Treadwell announced to NFL.com that he would not take part in the 40-yard dash event at the combine, stating that he wanted more time before running it in front of NFL team scouts and general managers. He said he set his goal in the mid-to-high 4.4s or 4.5s. \"\"I figured if I have enough time to work on it, I'll get the time I want,\"\" Treadwell said. He did perform in the vertical jump at the combine, and his 33-inch leap placed him in the bottom half of the wide receiver group.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13279343", "chunk_text": "\"Taylor Mays\"\nbuilt with some of the speediest players in the nation. Teammate running back Joe McKnight stated: \"\"He's faster than me. I wish I had it, whatever he has.\"\" According to Carroll, Mays was clocked at an astonishing 4.25 in the dash, .01 seconds slower than the record set at the 2008 NFL Combine by Tennessee Titans running back Chris Johnson. Mays also said that he models his game after former USC safety and Pro Football Hall of Fame safety Ronnie Lott and the late Washington Redskins safety Sean Taylor: \"\"He's been my favorite player. I look up to (former USC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4779948", "chunk_text": "\"Buddy Young\"\nBuddy Young Claude Henry K. \"\"Buddy\"\" Young (January 5, 1926 – September 5, 1983) was an American football player and track and field athlete. A native of Chicago, he was Illinois state champ in the 100-yard dash. The 5'4\"\" Young, also known as the \"\"Bronze Bullet\"\", had exceptional quickness and acceleration. He is one of the shortest men ever to play in the National Football League (NFL). As a track star at the University of Illinois, he won the National Collegiate Championships in the 100 and 220-yard dash, tied the world record for the 45 and 60-yard dashes (6.1 in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11369707", "chunk_text": "\"Michael Bennett (running back)\"\nMichael Bennett (running back) Michael A. Bennett (born August 13, 1978) is a former American football running back in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Minnesota Vikings 27th overall in the 2001 NFL Draft. He played college football at Wisconsin. A Pro Bowl selection with the Vikings in 2002, Bennett has also been a member of the New Orleans Saints, Kansas City Chiefs, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, San Diego Chargers, and Oakland Raiders. He was one of the fastest sprinters in college history clocking in a record 4.13 in the 40-yard dash, the second fastest in NFL history", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1117241", "chunk_text": "\"Chris Johnson (running back)\"\nprojected as a second- to third-round draft pick in the 2008 NFL Draft. However, at the combine he registered a time of 4.24 seconds and broke the all-time mark set by Rondel Menendez, a wide receiver from Eastern Kentucky, in 1999—the first year the combine used electronic timers (his record was later broken by John Ross in 2017 with a time of 4.22). Johnson was also fifth highest among running backs in the vertical jump with a 35-inch jump. His 10-foot, 10-inch broad jump was third best among the running backs. Johnson was drafted by the Tennessee Titans in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8311858", "chunk_text": "\"Aaron Lockett (gridiron football)\"\nat the 1998 and 2000 Big 12 Indoor Track & Field Championships and set the Kansas State record of 6.69 seconds in the 1999 event. In 2001, Terence Newman broke the record when he ran a 6.67, and in 2002 Newman set the current school record of 6.62. Lockett's time of 21.48 seconds in 2000 was second in school history in the 200 metres at the time. Lockett has one of the fastest 40-yard dash times at the NFL Combine since 2000 when times began being recorded electronically with fully automatic time electronic timing. He was drafted in the 7th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13691649", "chunk_text": "\"Darren McFadden\"\ntime of 4.33 seconds on the 40-yard dash, which was second among all running backs at the combine to only Chris Johnson, who ran a then-record 4.24. McFadden also reportedly scored a 17 on the Wonderlic exam. McFadden's selection number in the draft was subject to varying speculation. He was criticized for possible character concerns stemming from two nightclub altercations and the hiring of a lawyer to handle his paternity problems. McFadden was drafted by the Oakland Raiders with the fourth overall pick in the 2008 NFL Draft. The Raiders signed McFadden to a six-year, $60.1 million contract which included", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6175704", "chunk_text": "\"John Riggins\"\nJohn Riggins Robert John Riggins (born August 4, 1949), nicknamed \"\"The Diesel\"\" and \"\"Riggo\"\", is a former American football running back who played professionally in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Jets and Washington Redskins. He was known for his powerful running style and productivity well into the latter years of his career; in 1983 at age 34, he rushed for an NFL single-season record 24 touchdowns, and again led the league in rushing touchdowns the following season at age 35. Although he had only one Pro Bowl appearance in his career, Riggins had his greatest success", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7284502", "chunk_text": "\"Denard Robinson\"\nin 4.32 seconds, and he recorded the fastest competition time in 2010 among Michigan's sprinters in the 60-meter dash. Robinson was born in 1990, the son of Thomas Robinson, Sr., and Dorothea Robinson. Robinson began playing pee-wee football by age 10 and played the game with his shoes untied, thus earning the nickname \"\"Shoelace\"\" as a child. Those who saw him play at Westside Park in Deerfield Beach recall Kids would go for his shoes on tackles, and he'd come up to the huddle in just socks. His coach couldn't stand it at first and neither could his parents. They'd", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_279	whats the difference between tomato paste and tomato puree?	n/a	[ "consistency" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15111442", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato purée\"\nTomato purée Tomato purée is a thick liquid made by cooking and straining tomatoes. The difference between tomato paste, tomato purée, and tomato sauce is consistency; tomato puree has a thicker consistency and a deeper flavour than sauce. The definitions of tomato purée vary from country to country. In the U.S., tomato purée is a processed food product, usually consisting of only tomatoes, but can also be found in the seasoned form. It differs from tomato sauce or tomato paste in consistency and content; tomato purée generally lacks the additives common to a complete tomato sauce and does not have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9237999", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato purée\"\nquick sauces such as a marinara sauce it is undesirable. Tomato purée has approx 16% solids content. Lower solids content is due to filtering, higher content is due to concentration of the product. A related product, passata di pomodoro, is a tomato purée that is sieved and not cooked. In this form, it is generally sold in bottles or aseptic packaging, and is most common in Europe. Tomato purée Tomato purée is a thick liquid made by cooking and straining tomatoes. The difference between tomato paste, tomato purée, and tomato sauce is consistency; tomato puree has a thicker consistency and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6018038", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato paste\"\nTomato paste Tomato paste is a thick paste made by cooking tomatoes for several hours to reduce the water content, straining out the seeds and skins, and cooking the liquid again to reduce the base to a thick, rich concentrate. By contrast, tomato purée is a liquid with a consistency between crushed tomatoes and tomato paste that is made from tomatoes that have been briefly boiled and strained. Based on the manufacturing conditions, the paste can be the basis for making ketchup or reconstituted tomato juice: Tomato paste is traditionally made in parts of Sicily, southern Italy and Malta by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17450090", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato paste\"\nor \"\"concentrate\"\". In the US, \"\"tomato paste\"\" is simply concentrated tomato solids (no seeds or skin), sometimes with added sweetener (high fructose corn syrup), and with a standard of identity (in the Code of Federal Regulations, see 21 CFR 155.191). \"\"Tomato purée\"\" has a lower tomato solids requirement. In Nigeria, tomato paste is mixed with Coca Cola or any malt drink and used as a blood tonic. It is believed that the mixture helps the body gain blood quickly. Tomato paste Tomato paste is a thick paste made by cooking tomatoes for several hours to reduce the water content, straining", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17450089", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato paste\"\nspreading out a much-reduced tomato sauce on wooden boards that are set outdoors under the hot August sun to dry the paste until it is thick enough, when it is scraped up and held together in a richly colored, dark ball. Today, this artisan product is harder to find than the industrial version (which is much thinner). Commercial production uses tomatoes with thick pericarp walls and lower overall moisture; these are very different from tomatoes typically found in a supermarket. Tomato paste became commercially available in the early 20th Century. In the UK, \"\"tomato paste\"\" is referred to as \"\"purée\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15111443", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato purée\"\nthe thickness of paste. To prepare tomato purée, ripe tomatoes are washed and the sepals and stem are removed. Some processors remove the skin of the tomato as well. The fruit flesh is then mashed or mechanically chopped to the desired consistency. Tomato purée can be used in soups, stews, sauces, or any other dish where the tomato flavor is desired, but not the texture. It is less often used by professional chefs, who find it to have an overly cooked flavor compared to other forms of canned tomatoes. This is sometimes a non-issue, as in long-cooked dishes, but in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4498710", "chunk_text": "\"Paste (food)\"\nPaste (food) A food paste is a semi-liquid colloidal suspension, emulsion, or aggregation used in food preparation or eaten directly as a spread. Pastes are often highly spicy or aromatic, are often prepared well in advance of actual usage, and are often made into a preserve for future use. Common pastes are some fruit preserves, curry pastes, and nut pastes. Purées are food pastes made from already cooked ingredients. Some food pastes are considered to be condiments and are used directly, while others are made into sauces, which are more liquidy than paste. Ketchup and prepared mustard are pastes that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12147189", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato sauce\"\nsauce is used in the same way as American ketchup. \"\"Tomato sauce\"\" may also be used in its generic English meaning of a sauce primarily based on tomatoes, as in a menu item \"\"Gnocchi in a tomato sauce\"\" where it would be understood that the sauce would be of the kind used in Italian cooking for pastas. In the U.S., \"\"tomato sauce\"\" refers to two distinct sauces. One is a tomato concentrate with salt and minimal herbs, used in cooking. This product is considered incomplete and not normally used as is. Related ingredients are tomato purée and tomato paste, each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6753705", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato juice\"\nadded, such as onion powder, garlic powder, and other spices. In the United States, mass-produced tomato juice began to be marketed in the mid 1920s, and became a popular breakfast drink a few years thereafter. In the United States, most tomato juice is made from tomato paste. In Canada, tomato juice is unconcentrated and pasteurized, made from fine tomato pulp from ripe and whole tomatoes. The stems and skins must be removed without adding water to the final juice product. It may also contain a sweetening agent, citric acid and salt. In Canada and Mexico, tomato juice is commonly mixed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12147190", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato sauce\"\nof which is similar but of a thicker consistency. Tomato purée and tomato paste have FDA standards of identity (since 1939) for percentage of tomato solids, and generally do not contain seasonings other than salt; tomato sauce is nonstandardized. The second use of the term \"\"tomato sauce\"\" in the U.S. is for a cooked sauce of tomatoes, usually containing olive oil and garlic. This type of tomato sauce is generally served with pasta, and sometimes with meat. Less commonly, it is served with chicken or beef alone. One popular variety of tomato sauce is \"\"marinara sauce, \"\"an Italian-American term for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7917102", "chunk_text": "\"Purée\"\nfor fruit purées. The term is not commonly used for paste-like foods prepared from cereal flours, such as gruel or muesli; nor with oily nut pastes, such as peanut butter. The term \"\"paste\"\" is often used for purées intended to be used as an ingredient, rather than eaten. Purées can be made in a blender, or with special implements such as a potato masher, or by forcing the food through a strainer, or simply by crushing the food in a pot. Purées generally must be cooked, either before or after grinding, in order to improve flavour and texture, remove toxic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19893486", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato pomace\"\nTomato pomace Tomato pomace is an inexpensive by-product of tomato manufacturing. Effectively, it is what is left over after processing tomatoes for juice, ketchup, soup, etc. It is sometimes used in pet and livestock food manufacturing as a source of dietary fiber, as well as B vitamins, Lycopene and (to a lesser extent) vitamin A. As the primary component of tomato pomace is the tomato skin, it has the potential for higher amounts of pesticide residues than tomatoes themselves. As tomato pomace tends to be about 75% water, the cost of shipping tends to be very high (due to weight).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10428909", "chunk_text": "\"La Costeña (food company)\"\ntomato puree, condiment tomato puree, condiment fire tomato and chopped peeled tomatoes. These tomato sauces are used to create the base for some Mexican soups and some Mexican dishes. The presentation for the ketchup squeeze bottle, ketchup glass bottle, ketchup style sauce. The squeezy presentation target are kids. In mayonnaise products there are a lot of presentations: the mayonnaise with lemon juice in bottle and squeezy presentation, mayonnaise dressing for salads in bottle and squeeze bottle presentation, light mayonnaise in bottle and squeezy presentation, mayonnaise with jalapeño in bottle and squeezy presentation and mayonnaise with chipotle in bottle and squeezy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13776718", "chunk_text": "\"Purée\"\nPurée A purée (or mash) is cooked food, usually vegetables, fruits or legumes, that has been ground, pressed, blended or sieved to the consistency of a creamy paste or liquid. Purées of specific foods are often known by specific names, e.g., applesauce or hummus. The term is of French origin, where it meant in Old French (13th century) \"\"purified\"\" or \"\"refined\"\". Purées overlap with other dishes with similar consistency, such as thick soups, creams (\"\"crèmes\"\") and gravies—although these terms often imply more complex recipes and cooking processes. \"\"Coulis\"\" (French for \"\"strained\"\") is a similar but broader term, more commonly used", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14285785", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato sauce\"\ncourse, it may be seasoned with salt, or other herbs or spices. Optionally, tomato skins may be scalded and peeled according to texture (especially thicker \"\"pelati\"\" paste varieties) and tomato seeds may be removed for aesthetic purposes, leaving just the tomato flesh and pulp. Just like tomato puree or tomato paste, tomato sauce may be one of the ingredients in other dishes, like a tomato-based soup. The sauce is thinner than either the puree, or the paste (which is the thickest), and it may have additional flavors. Water (or another, more flavorful, liquid, such as stock or wine) is sometimes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19406136", "chunk_text": "\"Canned tomato\"\nCanned tomato Canned tomatoes, or tinned tomatoes, are tomatoes, usually peeled, that are sealed into a can after having been processed by heat. Canned tomatoes are available in several different forms. The traditional forms are whole peeled tomatoes, packed in juice or purée, and ground tomatoes, sometimes referred to as \"\"kitchen-ready.\"\" Ground tomatoes are not to be confused with purée, which is similar but more cooked. Taste tests indicate that whole tomatoes packed in juice tend to be perceived as fresher-tasting than those packed in purée. Crushed tomatoes, commonly used for pasta sauces, are made by adding ground tomatoes to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13776720", "chunk_text": "\"Purée\"\nsubstances, and/or reduce their water content. It is common to purée entire meals (without use of salt or other additives) to be served to toddlers, babies, and those unable to chew as sufficient, nutritious meals. Common purées include apples, plums, and other fruits smashed or mashed for their juice content. These fruits and vegetables are often served as purées: Purée A purée (or mash) is cooked food, usually vegetables, fruits or legumes, that has been ground, pressed, blended or sieved to the consistency of a creamy paste or liquid. Purées of specific foods are often known by specific names, e.g.,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19180409", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato jam\"\nTomato jam Tomato jam (also referred to as tomato jelly) is a type of fruit preserve prepared with tomatoes and sugar. Green tomatoes are used in some preparations. Some preparations may use honey, and some include bacon. It has been described as \"\"a cross between marmalade and ketchup\"\" (which itself is already closer to a jam than a condiment, due to its already high sugar content). Some commercially prepared varieties are produced. It is sometimes used in the preparation of sandwiches similar to a BLT, using the jam in place of tomato. Tomato jam has been reported as being a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14285791", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato sauce\"\npurée or fresh tomatoes, roux, garlic, salt, sugar, and pepper. Many times, butter and flour will be listed in the ingredients, but those are only used to make the roux (thickening agent). The most common use of the term tomato sauce in New Zealand and South Africa is to describe a popular, commercially produced condiment that is a type of table sauce, similar to American ketchup but without vinegar, which is typically applied to foods such as meat pies, sausages, other cooked meat (in particular steak), and fish and chips. Tomato-based sauces served with pasta would commonly be referred to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12147182", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato sauce\"\nTomato sauce Tomato sauce (also known as Neapolitan sauce, or salsa di pomodoro in Italian) can refer to a large number of different sauces made primarily from tomatoes, usually to be served as part of a dish, rather than as a condiment. Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as bases for Mexican salsas or sauces for pasta dishes. Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high water content, soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when they are cooked (without the need of thickeners such as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16201659", "chunk_text": "\"Tomate frito\"\nTomate frito Tomate frito (Spanish for \"\"fried tomato\"\") is a pureed tomato sauce with a hint of onion and garlic, that can be used as a base ingredient or enjoyed simply for its own flavour. It is distinct from most tomato sauces because the tomatoes have been fried, and its ingredients include a small amount of vegetable oil. It is the most common tomato ingredient of Spanish cuisine other than fresh tomatoes, and is sold under many brand names. When made by first low frying garlic and onion pieces in oil with spices and then adding the tomato puree it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19328684", "chunk_text": "Tomato\nthey are red or orange in color and slightly soft to the touch. Ethylene is a hydrocarbon gas that many fruits produce, which acts as the molecular cue to begin the ripening process. Tomatoes ripened in this way tend to keep longer, but have poorer flavor and a mealier, starchier texture than tomatoes ripened on the plant. They may be recognized by their color, which is more pink or orange than the other ripe tomatoes' deep red, depending on variety. A machine-harvestable variety of tomato (the \"\"square tomato\"\") was developed in the 1950s by University of California, Davis's Gordie C.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16201660", "chunk_text": "\"Tomate frito\"\nis known as sofrito. \"\"Heinz Tomato Frito\"\" was popularised in the United Kingdom as a short-cut ingredient by the cook Delia Smith, extolling it in books and her website recipes. Tomate frito Tomate frito (Spanish for \"\"fried tomato\"\") is a pureed tomato sauce with a hint of onion and garlic, that can be used as a base ingredient or enjoyed simply for its own flavour. It is distinct from most tomato sauces because the tomatoes have been fried, and its ingredients include a small amount of vegetable oil. It is the most common tomato ingredient of Spanish cuisine other than", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19328691", "chunk_text": "Tomato\nare easy to preserve whole, in pieces, as tomato sauce or paste by home canning. They are acidic enough to process in a water bath rather than a pressure cooker as most vegetables require. The fruit is also preserved by drying, often in the sun, and sold either in bags or in jars with oil. The leaves, stem, and green unripe fruit of the tomato plant contain small amounts of the alkaloid tomatine, whose effect on humans has not been studied. They also contain small amounts of solanine, a toxic alkaloid found in potato leaves and other plants in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18774958", "chunk_text": "Ketchup\nlist of early quotations collected by the \"\"Oxford English Dictionary\"\". Heinz tomato ketchup’s ingredients are: tomato concentrate from red ripe tomatoes, distilled vinegar, high fructose corn syrup, corn syrup, salt, spice, onion powder, and natural flavoring. Tomato concentrate from red ripe tomatoes is the first ingredient on the list, which means it has the highest percentage of weight within the final product. Tomatoes have a complex composition of sugars, starch, pectin, ascorbic acids, organic acids, amino acids, steroids, carotenoids, lipids, free fatty acids, and volatiles. The second ingredient listed is distilled vinegar, which is eighty percent pure water and twenty", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19411899", "chunk_text": "Ketchup\nKetchup Ketchup is a sauce used as a condiment. Originally, recipes used egg whites, mushrooms, oysters, mussels, or walnuts, among other ingredients, but now the unmodified term usually refers to \"\"tomato ketchup\"\". Various other terms for the sauce include catsup, \"\"catchup\"\" (archaic), ketsup, red sauce, tomato sauce, or, specifically, \"\"mushroom ketchup\"\" or \"\"tomato ketchup\"\". Ketchup is a sweet and tangy sauce now typically made from tomatoes, sugar, and vinegar, with assorted seasonings and spices. The specific spices and flavors vary, but commonly include onions, allspice, coriander, cloves, cumin, garlic, and mustard; and sometimes include celery, cinnamon or ginger. The market", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18101174", "chunk_text": "\"Plum tomato\"\nPlum tomato A plum tomato, also known as a processing tomato or paste tomato, is a type of tomato bred for sauce and packing purposes. They are generally oval or cylindrical in shape, with significantly fewer locules (seed compartments) than standard round tomatoes (usually only two) and a generally higher solid content, making them more suitable for processing. Plum tomatoes are also sometimes favored by cooks for use during the tomato off-season, as they are generally considered more amenable to handling and are therefore available in a state closer to ripe than other supermarket tomatoes. Varieties commonly available in markets", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18464091", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato soup\"\ntomato soup is mentioned by Eliza Leslie in 1857 in her final publication \"\"New Cookery Book\"\". Joseph A. Campbell's recipe for condensed tomato soup in 1897 further increased its popularity. Commercially prepared tomato is available in a variety of forms, including canned, condensed and in dehydrated powder form. \"\"Tomato\"\" ranks among the top three flavors of soup produced by the Campbell Soup Company. Canned tomato soup is primarily tomato puree: that is, tomato paste and water with a few other ingredients added to enhance flavor and physical properties of the food. The tomato is a high acid food therefore, \"\"the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20895431", "chunk_text": "\"Paste (food)\"\nprepared as food pastes. Baby food is often very bland, while older adults often required increased spiciness in their food pastes. Blenders, grinders, mortars and pestles, matates, and even chewing are used to reduce unprocessed food to a meal, powder, or when significant water is present in the original food, directly into a paste. If required, water, oil and other liquids are added to dry ingredients to make the paste. Often the resultant paste is fermented or cooked to increase its longevity. Often pastes are steamed, baked or enclosed in pastry or bread dough to make them ready for consumption.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19893487", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato pomace\"\nIn California, where 95% of the processing tomatoes in the United States are grown, most of the pomace goes to dairies and is added to cattle feed. In the Midwest, the majority ends up in landfills. the moisture content in the tomato pomace ranges from 45% to 80% depending on the processing technology. Tomato pomace may be the healthiest part of tomatoes. Tomato pomace Tomato pomace is an inexpensive by-product of tomato manufacturing. Effectively, it is what is left over after processing tomatoes for juice, ketchup, soup, etc. It is sometimes used in pet and livestock food manufacturing as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7180782", "chunk_text": "\"Fish paste\"\nFish paste Fish paste is fish which has been chemically broken down by a fermentation process until it reaches the consistency of a soft creamy purée or paste. Alternatively it refers to cooked fish which has been physically broken down by pounding, grinding, pressing, mincing, blending, and/or sieving, until it reaches the consistency of paste. The term can be applied also to shellfish pastes, such as shrimp paste or crab paste. Fish paste is used as a condiment or seasoning to add flavour to food, or in some cases to complement a dish. Generally, fish paste is reduced to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15953489", "chunk_text": "\"Kyknos S.A.\"\nKyknos S.A. Kyknos S.A. (Greek: Κύκνος meaning swan) is a Greek tomato company and it is one of the major tomato paste brands in the country. It is headquartered in Athens in the Athens Industrial Area west of downtown. It manufactures tomato paste, purée, ketchup and tomato sauces, which are used on pasta, lasagna and other cuisines. It also produces tomato pastes to North America including the United States in cities that have a Greek population. The company's claim to fame is its use of the Santorini cultivar of the cherry tomato, an intensely flavorful variety. Kyknos has several factories", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19925303", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato omelette\"\nTomato omelette A tomato omelette is a breakfast dish prepared mostly in Maharashtra. It is referred to as an omelette because of its visual appearance, but actually contains no egg product or by-product. The main ingredient is chickpea flour or besan. Sometimes, it is also made with dosa batter (rice flour and urad dal paste), with a small quantity of besan only to provide binding, in which case it is classified as Uttapam. A batter of pouring consistency is made with water and the flour; with finely chopped green chillies, onions and tomatoes added. The mix is poured on a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4464840", "chunk_text": "Tomato\nis botanically a berry, a subset of fruit, the tomato is a vegetable for culinary purposes because of its savory flavor (see below). Although tomatoes originated in the Americas, they have become extensively used in Mediterranean cuisine. They are a key ingredient in pizza, and are commonly used in pasta sauces. They are also used in gazpacho (Spanish cuisine) and \"\"pa amb tomàquet\"\" (Catalan cuisine). The tomato is now grown and eaten around the world. It is used in diverse ways, including raw in salads or in slices, stewed, incorporated into a wide variety of dishes, or processed into ketchup", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2639387", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato sauce\"\nas \"\"pasta sauce\"\" or \"\"Napoletana sauce\"\". The meaning of the term \"\"tomato sauce\"\" depends on the context; on a restaurant menu the phrase \"\"in a tomato sauce\"\" means a freshly prepared tomato based sauce as used on pasta, and colloquially it may refer to either the pasta sauce or American ketchup. In Australia \"\"tomato sauce\"\" generally refers to the same style of Table Sauce as American ketchup but varies in mixture and doesn't contain onions. Some sources claim that Australian tomato sauce has less tomato than ketchup, but this varies between brands and is not a universal feature. Australian tomato", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18464094", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato soup\"\nare deactivated than if they are broken at lower temperatures. High fructose corn syrup is sometimes added to tomato soup to make it sweeter. HFCS is composed of both glucose and fructose in their free monosaccharide from that doesn't crystallize readily. HFCS is also important in binding water, the monosaccharaides of fructose and glucose have the ability to bind to water in the product. The binding of water helps to reduce microbial growth by removing available water from the product it can also prevent the separation of water in products like sauces and soups. Wheat flour is composed of six", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19180410", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato jam\"\npopular condiment in South Africa. In 1840 in the United States, a recipe was published in the \"\"American Farmer\"\" that involved straining stewed tomatoes through cloth, adding an equal amount of sugar, and then boiling the mixture for a few hours. In 1843 in the U.S., a recipe for preparing tomato jam was published in the \"\"Boston Cultivator\"\". The preparation process included rubbing stewed tomatoes through a sieve, adding an equal amount of sugar, and then stewing the mixture into a jam. Tomato jam Tomato jam (also referred to as tomato jelly) is a type of fruit preserve prepared with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2198472", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato soup\"\nan optimum growing temperature between 30–40°C and a maximum temperature of 50°C. Even if the bacteria are killed they release heat resistant spores that if they start to multiply become a threat. Main ingredients on the back of the can: Tomato puree, High fructose corn syrup, wheat flour: The cell wall structural importance for the plant's growth and stability in the ripening process is equally as important to the quality of the tomato products it can produce. The pectin and cellulose are what determine the apparent viscosity of the tomato product. If they are broken at higher temperatures more enzymes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19322944", "chunk_text": "Contadina\nContadina Contadina is a brand of Italian-inspired tomato products and bread crumbs. The brand has roots in American families since World War I, beginning in 1914. The Carnation Company acquired the brand in 1963; Del Monte Foods acquired the brand of canned tomato products and certain other lines from Nestlé (which acquired Carnation in 1985) in December 1997. Contadina's products include tomato paste, tomato purée, tomato sauce, diced tomatoes, stewed tomatoes, crushed tomatoes, pizza sauce, as well as a few other products. In the early 1990s, Contadina also sold a \"\"fresh\"\" refrigerated bake-at-home pizza kit in grocery stores, though it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10650150", "chunk_text": "\"Sun-dried tomato\"\nto make a single kilogram of sun-dried tomatoes. After the procedure, the tomato fruits will keep their nutritional value. The tomatoes are high in lycopene, antioxidants, and vitamin C. The final products may contain up to 2–6% of salt and could provide a significant contribution to the day's intake. Sun-dried tomatoes can be used in a wide variety of recipes and come in a variety of shapes, colors, and tomatoes. Traditionally, they were made from dried red plum tomatoes, but they can be purchased in yellow varieties. Sun-dried tomatoes are also available in the form of pastes or purées. Sun-dried", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13469457", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato sauce\"\nroux). All of these qualities make them ideal for simple and appealing sauces. In countries such as the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, the term \"\"tomato sauce\"\" is used to describe a condiment similar to ketchup. In some of these countries, both terms are used for the condiment. The use of tomato sauce with pasta appears for the first time in 1790 in the Italian cookbook \"\"L'Apicio moderno\"\", by Roman chef Francesco Leonardi. The simplest tomato sauce consists just of chopped tomatoes cooked down (possibly with olive oil) and simmered until it loses its raw flavor. Of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19893335", "chunk_text": "\"Genetically modified tomato\"\nGenetically modified tomato A genetically modified tomato, or transgenic tomato, is a tomato that has had its genes modified, using genetic engineering. The first commercially available genetically modified food was a tomato engineered to have a longer shelf life (the Flavr Savr). Currently there are no genetically modified tomatoes available commercially, but scientists are developing tomatoes with new traits like increased resistance to pests or environmental stresses. Other projects aim to enrich tomatoes with substances that may offer health benefits or be more nutritious. As well as aiming to produce novel crops, scientists produce genetically modified tomatoes to understand the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1036359", "chunk_text": "\"Amish Paste\"\nAmish Paste The Amish Paste heirloom tomato is, as the name implies, a plum tomato of Amish origins, that is commonly used for cooking, although it's sweet enough to eat fresh. The Amish Paste tomato is reputed to have originated in the 1870s with the oldest Amish community in Wisconsin; Medford. It became popular once acquired by Tom Hauch of Heirloom Seeds organization, from the Amish of Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, and was first distributed nationally in the Seed Savers edition 1987, by Thane Earle of Whitewater. This is one of the larger \"\"paste\"\" varieties of tomato, its fruit growing from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19411911", "chunk_text": "Ketchup\nEnglish, and Canadian English, although \"\"catsup\"\" is commonly used in some southern US states and Mexico. \"\"Tomato sauce\"\" is more common in English-speaking countries outside North America, including Australia and New Zealand. In these countries the word \"\"Ketchup\"\" is commonly used to describe premium gourmet tomato sauce. In Canada and the United States, however, \"\"tomato sauce\"\" refers to a sauce made from tomato paste, commonly used in pasta sauces, and is \"\"not\"\" a synonym for ketchup. \"\"Red sauce\"\" is the term used in Welsh English, Scottish English and some parts of England, such as the Black Country, and in South", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1908485", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato juice\"\nwith beer; the concoction is known in Canada as Calgary Red-Eye, and in Mexico as Cerveza preparada. Tomato juice is the base for the cocktails Bloody Mary and Bloody Caesar, and the cocktail mixer Clamato. Chilled tomato juice was formerly popular as an appetizer at restaurants in the United States. Tomato juice is frequently used as a packing liquid for canned tomatoes, though it is sometimes replaced by tomato purée for international commerce due to tariff issues on vegetables vs. sauces. According to \"\"Cook's Illustrated\"\" magazine, tomatoes packed in juice as opposed to purée tend to win taste tests, being", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17117562", "chunk_text": "\"Tomato chutney\"\nTomato chutney Tomato chutney is a type of chutney prepared using tomatoes as a primary ingredient. The tomatoes can be diced, mashed or pulped, and additional typical ingredients used include onion, garlic, ginger, sugar, salt, vinegar and spices. It can be prepared using ripe red tomatoes or green tomatoes. It can be eaten fresh after preparation, stored in a refrigerator, and can be bottled or canned and stored for later use. Homemade tomato chutney that is canned can have an improved flavor, due to the ingredients intermingling while the product is stored. \"\"Tamtar kasundi\"\" originated in Bengal and is typically", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20465077", "chunk_text": "Ketchup\nspecific gravity. Fancy ketchup has a higher tomato solid concentration than other USDA grades. Fresh tomatoes received at a tomato processing plant can be turned into a variety of different products, one of which includes ketchup. The process begins by washing the tomatoes to remove any outer dirt and foreign matter from the skin before processing. Upon inspection, damaged, spoiled or unwanted tomatoes will be sorted out manually. Tomatoes will usually be conveyed by water throughout the preliminary stages to avoid bruising. After being sorted, washed and chopped up, they proceed into large steel vats for preservation/precooking and also to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12959431", "chunk_text": "Wheatpaste\nWheatpaste Wheat paste (also known as flour paste, or simply paste) is a gel or liquid adhesive made from wheat flour or starch and water. It has been used since antiquity for various arts and crafts such as book binding, découpage, collage, papier-mâché, and adhering paper posters and notices to walls. Closely resembling wallpaper paste, a crude wheat flour paste can be made by mixing roughly equal portions of flour and water and heating until the mixture thickens. A critical difference among wheat pastes is the division between those made from flour and those made from starch. Vegetable flours contain", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1036360", "chunk_text": "\"Amish Paste\"\n6 to 12 ounces. It varies widely in shape, from \"\"oxheart\"\" to plum, and though coreless, is somewhat seedier and sweeter than normal paste cultivars. They tend to ripen 80 to 85 days after planting. The plant is an indeterminate variety, growing continually until it dies (like all tomato plants, it's a delicate perennial, that would not die if growing in the warm climate to which tomatoes are native). Because it has relatively sparse foliage, the fruit is more exposed to sunlight than a normal plant, making sunscald an issue. Amish Paste The Amish Paste heirloom tomato is, as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15351010", "chunk_text": "\"Red bean paste\"\nRed bean paste Red bean paste () or red bean jam, also called adzuki bean paste, is a paste made of red beans (also called \"\"adzuki beans\"\"), used in East Asian cuisine. The paste is prepared by boiling the beans, then mashing or grinding them. At this stage, the paste can be sweetened or left as it is. The color of the paste is usually dark red, which comes from the husk of the beans. In Korean cuisine, the adzuki beans (often the black variety) can also be husked prior to cooking, resulting in a white paste. It is also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_280	what type of plate boundary is associated with iceland and its volcanic eruptions?	n/a	[ "divergent tectonic plate boundary", "a divergent tectonic plate boundary", "the mid-Atlantic Ridge" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9789335", "chunk_text": "\"Eurasian Plate\"\nAmurian Plate. The southerly side is a boundary with the African Plate to the west, the Arabian Plate in the middle and the Indo-Australian Plate to the east. The westerly side is a divergent boundary with the North American Plate forming the northernmost part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which is straddled by Iceland. All of the volcanic eruptions in Iceland, such as the 1973 eruption of Eldfell, the 1783 eruption of Laki, and the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, are caused by the North American and the Eurasian plates moving apart, which is a result of divergent plate boundary forces. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9871002", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of Iceland\"\nGeology of Iceland The geology of Iceland is unique and of particular interest to geologists. Iceland lies on the divergent boundary between the Eurasian plate and the North American plate. It also lies above a hotspot, the Iceland plume. The plume is believed to have caused the formation of Iceland itself, the island first appearing over the ocean surface about 16 to 18 million years ago. The result is an island characterized by repeated volcanism and geothermal phenomena such as geysers. The eruption of Laki in 1783 caused much devastation and loss of life, leading to a famine that killed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6792796", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of Iceland\"\nRidge by the Tjörnes Fracture Zone, another major center of seismicity and deformation. Glaciers cover approximately 11% of Iceland, the largest of which being Vatnajökull. As many glaciers overlie active volcanoes, subglacial eruptions can pose hazards due to sudden floods produced by glacial meltwater, known as jökulhlaups. Icelandic glaciers have generally been retreating over the past 100 years, with Vatnajökull having lost as much as 10% of its volume. Geology of Iceland The geology of Iceland is unique and of particular interest to geologists. Iceland lies on the divergent boundary between the Eurasian plate and the North American plate. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2219435", "chunk_text": "\"Geological deformation of Iceland\"\nis mainly caused by the active spreading of the mid-oceanic ridge. Extensional cracks and transform faults are found perpendicular to the spreading direction. The transform-fault zones are also known as fracture zones. These fracture zones allow large volumes of lava to be erupted. On the surface of Iceland, linear volcanic fissures formed along the rifts and appear in a swarm-like pattern. They are connected by fracture zones, forming the volcanic zones. Crustal movements have created two plate boundary deformation zones between the major plates, the North American Plate and the Eurasian Plate. In northern Iceland, the width of the deformation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3747575", "chunk_text": "\"Geography of Iceland\"\nhas a variety of volcanic types (composite and fissure), many producing more evolved lavas such as rhyolite and andesite. Iceland has hundreds of volcanoes with approximately thirty volcanic systems active. Party to: Signed, but not ratified: Geography of Iceland Iceland ( )is an island country at the confluence of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, east of Greenland and immediately south of the Arctic Circle, atop the constructive boundary of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge about from Scotland and from New York City. One of the world's most sparsely populated countries, Iceland's boundaries are almost the same as the main island", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3914017", "chunk_text": "\"Iceland hotspot\"\nsecond largest), and several eruptions beneath ice caps, which have generated devastating glacial bursts, most recently in 2010 after the eruption of Eyjafjallajökull. Iceland's location astride the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, where the Eurasian and North American Plates are moving apart, is partly responsible for this intense volcanic activity, but an additional cause is necessary to explain why Iceland is a substantial island while the rest of the ridge mostly consists of seamounts, with peaks below sea level. As well as being a region of higher temperature than the surrounding mantle, it is believed to have a higher concentration of water. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17095054", "chunk_text": "ICEARRAY\nhas been developed during the establishment of the array is a common triggering scheme. This feature was designed in collaboration with the manufacturers of the units. In the event of two or more units receiving an earthquake trigger, the common triggering feature activates the entire array to start recording. This scheme ensures complete data coverage and greatly reduces the need to filter out noise and manmade disturbances. Iceland is located on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the extensional tectonic plate boundary between the North American Plate and the Eurasian Plate. It is also located over a deep-seated mantle plume known as the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3914016", "chunk_text": "\"Iceland hotspot\"\nIceland hotspot The Iceland hotspot is a hotspot which is partly responsible for the high volcanic activity which has formed the island of Iceland. Iceland is one of the most active volcanic regions in the world, with eruptions occurring on average roughly every three years (in the 20th century there were 39 volcanic eruptions on and around Iceland). About a third of the basaltic lavas erupted in recorded history have been produced by Icelandic eruptions. Notable eruptions have included that of Eldgjá, a fissure of Katla, in 934 (the world's largest basaltic eruption ever witnessed), Laki in 1783 (the world's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3914021", "chunk_text": "\"Iceland hotspot\"\nto the location of the plume beneath the thick Greenland craton for ~ 15 Myr after continental breakup, and the later entrenchment of the plume material into the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge following its formation. Iceland hotspot The Iceland hotspot is a hotspot which is partly responsible for the high volcanic activity which has formed the island of Iceland. Iceland is one of the most active volcanic regions in the world, with eruptions occurring on average roughly every three years (in the 20th century there were 39 volcanic eruptions on and around Iceland). About a third of the basaltic lavas erupted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3420011", "chunk_text": "\"Iceland plume\"\nIceland plume The Iceland plume is a postulated upwelling of anomalously hot rock in the Earth's mantle beneath Iceland. Its origin is thought to lie deep in the mantle, perhaps at the boundary between the core and the mantle at approximately 2,880 km depth. Opinions differ as to whether seismic studies have imaged such a structure. In this framework, the volcanism of Iceland is attributed to this plume, according to the theory of W. Jason Morgan. According to the plume model, the source of Icelandic volcanism lies deep beneath the center of the island. The earliest volcanic rocks attributed to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2219432", "chunk_text": "\"Geological deformation of Iceland\"\nGeological deformation of Iceland The geological deformation of Iceland is the way that the rocks of the island of Iceland are changing due to tectonic forces. The geological deformation explains the location of earthquakes, volcanoes, fissures, and the shape of the island. Iceland is the largest landmass (102,775 km²) situated on an oceanic ridge. It is an elevated plateau of the sea floor, situated at the crossing of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Greenland-Iceland-Faeroe Ridge. It lies along the oceanic divergent plate boundary of North American Plate and Eurasian Plate. The western part of Iceland sits on the North American", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14963836", "chunk_text": "Iceland\nglaciers cover 14.3% of its surface; only 23% is vegetated. The largest lakes are Þórisvatn reservoir: and Þingvallavatn: ; other important lakes include Lagarfljót and Mývatn. Jökulsárlón is the deepest lake, at . Geologically, Iceland is part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a ridge along which the oceanic crust spreads and forms new oceanic crust. This part of the mid-ocean ridge is located above a mantle plume, causing Iceland to be subaerial (above the surface of the sea). The ridge marks the boundary between the Eurasian and North American Plates, and Iceland was created by rifting and accretion through volcanism along", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7551776", "chunk_text": "\"Volcanology of Iceland\"\nVolcanology of Iceland The volcanoes of Iceland include a high concentration of active ones due to Iceland's location on the mid-Atlantic Ridge, a divergent tectonic plate boundary, and its location over a hot spot. The island has 30 active volcanic systems, of which 13 have erupted since the settlement of Iceland in AD 874. Of these 30 active volcanic systems, the most active/volatile is Grímsvötn. Over the past 500 years, Iceland's volcanoes have erupted a third of the total global lava output. The most fatal volcanic eruption of Iceland's history was the so-called Skaftáreldar (fires of Skaftá) in 1783-84. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2219436", "chunk_text": "\"Geological deformation of Iceland\"\nzone is about 100 km wide. It accumulates strain which come from rifting episodes and larger earthquakes. In southern Iceland, the block located along the plate boundary is identified as a microplate and is named the Hreppar Block. The deformation zone is relatively small since it has no significant evidence of active deformation, earthquakes or volcanism. The northern boundary of the block is linked to the Central Iceland Volcanic Zone (CIVZ), where diffuse volcanism occur. The southern boundary of the block is termed the South Iceland Seismic Zone, where strike-slip earthquakes can occur. There are two major and active transform", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14342479", "chunk_text": "Volcano\npressure leads to adiabatic expansion (without transfer of heat or matter) and the partial melting of the mantle, causing volcanism and creating new oceanic crust. Most divergent plate boundaries are at the bottom of the oceans; therefore, most volcanic activity on the Earth is submarine, forming new seafloor. Black smokers (also known as deep sea vents) are evidence of this kind of volcanic activity. Where the mid-oceanic ridge is above sea-level, volcanic islands are formed; for example, Iceland. Subduction zones are places where two plates, usually an oceanic plate and a continental plate, collide. In this case, the oceanic plate", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2219434", "chunk_text": "\"Geological deformation of Iceland\"\nare strongly influenced by the spreading plate boundary and the Iceland hotspot. The buoyancy of the deep-seated mantle plume underneath has uplifted the Iceland Basalt Plateau to as high as 3000 meters. The hot spot also produces high volcanic activity on the plate boundary. There are two major geologic and topographic structural trends in Iceland. One strikes northeast in Southern Iceland and strikes nearly north in northern Iceland. The other one strikes approximately west-northwest. Altogether they produce a zigzag pattern. The pattern is shown by faults, volcanic fissures, valleys, dikes, volcanoes, grabens and fault scarps. The geological deformation of Iceland", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11379567", "chunk_text": "\"Iceland plume\"\nThe initial plume head may have been several thousand kilometers in diameter, and it erupted volcanic rocks on both sides of the present ocean basin to produce the North Atlantic Igneous Province. Upon further opening of the ocean and plate drift, the plume and the mid-Atlantic Ridge are postulated to have approached one another, and finally met. The excess magmatism that accompanied the transition from flood volcanism on Greenland, Ireland and Norway to present-day Icelandic activity was the result of ascent of the hot mantle source beneath progressively thinning lithosphere, according to the plume model, or a postulated unusually productive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4102156", "chunk_text": "\"Types of volcanic eruptions\"\na glassy breccia called hyaloclastite. After a while the ice finally melts into a lake, and the more explosive eruptions of Surtseyan activity begins, building up flanks made up of mostly hyaloclastite. Eventually the lake boils off from continued volcanism, and the lava flows become more effusive and thicken as the lava cools much more slowly, often forming columnar jointing. Well-preserved tuyas show all of these stages, for example Hjorleifshofdi in Iceland. Products of volcano-ice interactions stand as various structures, whose shape is dependent on complex eruptive and environmental interactions. Glacial volcanism is a good indicator of past ice distribution,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3747573", "chunk_text": "\"Geography of Iceland\"\nextraordinary natural amphitheatre. The site was the home of Iceland's parliament, the Alþing, which was first convened in the year 930. It is a common misconception that Þingvellir is at the juncture between the North American and Eurasian continental plates. However, they are in fact at the juncture of the North American continental plate and a smaller plate (approx. 10,000 km2) called the Hreppar Microplate (Hreppaflekinn). From 1963 to 1967, the island of Surtsey was created on the southwest coast by a volcanic eruption. A geologically young land, Iceland is located on both the Iceland hotspot and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6792795", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of Iceland\"\nfocused in two main parallel rift zones. The Reykjanes Peninsula Rift in SW Iceland is the landward continuation of the Reykjanes Ridge that connects to the Western Volcanic Zone (WVZ). The more active Eastern Volcanic Zone (EVZ) represents a rift jump, although it is unclear how the eastward propagation of the main rifting activity has occurred. The offset between the WVZ and the EVZ is accommodated by the South Iceland Seismic Zone, an area characterized by high earthquake activity. The EVZ transitions northward into the Northern Volcanic Zone (NVZ), which contains Krafla volcano. The NVZ is connected to the Kolbeinsey", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3914019", "chunk_text": "\"Iceland hotspot\"\ntime-progressive volcanic track caused by the movement of the Pacific Plate over the Hawaiian hotspot, no such track can be seen at Iceland. It is proposed that the line from Grímsvötn volcano to Surtsey shows the movement of the Eurasian Plate, and the line from Grímsvötn volcano to Reykjanes volcanic belt shows the movement of the North American Plate. It is believed that a mantle plume underlies Iceland, of which the hotspot is thought to be the surface expression, and that the presence of the plume enhances the volcanism already caused by plate separation. Additionally, flood basalts on the continental", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3747509", "chunk_text": "\"History of Iceland\"\nthe North American and Eurasian plates. These plates spread at a rate of approximately 2.5 centimeters per year. This elevated portion of the ridge is known as the \"\"Reykjanes Ridge\"\". The volcanic activity is attributed to a hotspot, the \"\"Iceland hotspot\"\", which in turn lies over a mantle plume (the \"\"Iceland Plume\"\") an anomalously hot rock in the Earth's mantle which is likely to be partly responsible for the island's creation and continued existence. For comparison, it is estimated that other volcanic islands, such as the Faroe Islands have existed for about 55 million years, Iceland remained, for a long", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4102146", "chunk_text": "\"Types of volcanic eruptions\"\nis a type of volcanic eruption caused by shallow-water interactions between water and lava, named so after its most famous example, the eruption and formation of the island of Surtsey off the coast of Iceland in 1963. Surtseyan eruptions are the \"\"wet\"\" equivalent of ground-based Strombolian eruptions, but because of where they are taking place they are much more explosive. This is because as water is heated by lava, it flashes in steam and expands violently, fragmenting the magma it is in contact with into fine-grained ash. Surtseyan eruptions are the hallmark of shallow-water volcanic oceanic islands, however they are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16071449", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of Iceland\"\nand the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, volcanism, which could have been generated by the Iceland hotspot, connected the Eurasian and North American continents and formed a land bridge between the continents while they spread apart; this feature is known as the Greenland Scotland Transverse Ridge, and it know lies below sea level. Approximately 36 mya, the Iceland hotspot was fully in contact with the oceanic crust and possibly fed segments of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge which continued to form the oldest rocks located directly to the east and west of modern-day Iceland. The oldest subaerial rocks in modern-day Iceland are from 16.5 mya.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3914018", "chunk_text": "\"Iceland hotspot\"\npresence of water in magma reduces the melting temperature, which may also play a role in enhancing Icelandic volcanism. There is an ongoing discussion about whether the hotspot is caused by a deep mantle plume or originates at a much shallower depth. Recently, seismic tomography studies have found seismic wave speed anomalies under Iceland, consistent with a hot conduit 100 km across that extends to the lower mantle. Some geologists have questioned whether the Iceland hotspot has the same origin as other hotspots, such as the Hawaii hotspot. While the Hawaiian island chain and the Emperor Seamounts show a clear", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3914020", "chunk_text": "\"Iceland hotspot\"\nmargins of Greenland and Norway, the oblique orientation of the Reykjanes Ridge segments to their spreading direction, and the enhanced igneous crustal thickness found along the southern Aegir and Kolbeinsey Ridges may be results of interaction between the plume and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The plume stem is believed to be quite narrow, perhaps 100 km across and extending down to at least 400–650 km beneath the Earth's surface, and possibly down to the core-mantle boundary, while the plume head may be > 1,000 km in diameter. It is suggested that the lack of a time-progressive track of seamounts is due", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19514488", "chunk_text": "\"Volcanic passive margin\"\nare identified by typical seismic velocities between 7.2-7.7 km/s and are usually interpreted as layers of mafic to ultramafic rocks that have underplated the transitional crust. Asthenospheric upwelling leads to the formation of a mid-ocean ridge and new oceanic crust progressively separates the once-conjoined rift halves. Continued volcanic eruptions spread lava flows across transitional crust and onto oceanic crust. Due to the high rate of magmatic activity the new oceanic crust forms much thicker than typical oceanic crust. An example of this is Iceland where oceanic crust has been identified as being up to 40 km thick. Some have theorized", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3747574", "chunk_text": "\"Geography of Iceland\"\nwhich runs right through it. This location means that the island is highly geologically active with earthquakes and many volcanoes, notably Hekla, Eldgjá, Herðubreið and Eldfell. Eyjafjallajökull (1,666 m) erupted in 2010, disrupting European air traffic. Iceland has many geysers, including Geysir, from which the English word \"\"geyser\"\" is derived. With the widespread availability of geothermal power, and the harnessing of many rivers and waterfalls for hydroelectricity, most residents have access to inexpensive hot water, heating and electricity. The island is composed primarily of basalt, a low-silica lava associated with effusive volcanism as has occurred also in Hawaii. Iceland, however,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1761385", "chunk_text": "\"Subglacial eruption\"\nSubglacial eruption Subglacial eruptions, those of ice-covered volcanoes, result in the interaction of magma with ice and snow, leading to meltwater formation, jökulhlaups, and lahars. Flooding associated with meltwater is a significant hazard in some volcanic areas, including Iceland, Alaska, and parts of the Andes. Jökulhlaups, glacial outburst floods, have been identified as the most frequently occurring volcanic hazard in Iceland, with major events where peak discharges can reach 10 000 – 100 000 m/s occurring when there are large eruptions beneath glaciers. It is important to explore volcano-ice interactions to improve our ability to effectively monitor these events and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1744664", "chunk_text": "Iceland\nprimarily of basalt, a low-silica lava associated with effusive volcanism as has occurred also in Hawaii. Iceland, however, has a variety of volcanic types (composite and fissure), many producing more evolved lavas such as rhyolite and andesite. Iceland has hundreds of volcanoes with about 30 active volcanic systems. Surtsey, one of the youngest islands in the world, is part of Iceland. Named after Surtr, it rose above the ocean in a series of volcanic eruptions between 8 November 1963 and 5 June 1968. Only scientists researching the growth of new life are allowed to visit the island. On 21 March", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8274260", "chunk_text": "Hekla\non railways in the Berlin area, with 2 of them going off. The DBU Copenhagen football club \"\"\"\" play at Hekla Park. Hekla Hekla (), or Hecla, is a stratovolcano in the south of Iceland with a height of . Hekla is one of Iceland's most active volcanoes; over 20 eruptions have occurred in and around the volcano since 874. During the Middle Ages, Europeans called the volcano the \"\"Gateway to Hell\"\". Hekla is part of a volcanic ridge, long. The most active part of this ridge, a fissure about long named \"\"Heklugjá\"\", is considered to be within Hekla proper.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2219448", "chunk_text": "\"Geological deformation of Iceland\"\nZone. Long hyaloclastite ridges, formed by subglacial eruptions during the last glacial period, are distinctive structures in the Eastern Volcanic Zone. Compared with Western Volcanic Zone, eruptive fissure swarms and hyaloclastite ridges are generally longer in the Eastern Volcanic Zone. During the past glacial period, a huge volume of basaltic eruptions occurred, producing the long volcanic fissure swarms. The Eastern Volcanic Zone is geologically young, as mentioned above, the Eastern Volcanic Zone will eventually take over the Western Volcanic Zone according to the rift jump process model. The Western Volcanic Zone is located to the north of the South Iceland", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3420020", "chunk_text": "\"Iceland plume\"\nvolcanic zones in the southwest (Reykjanes, Hofsjökull) and northeast (Tjörnes). Presently, a slow decrease of the activity in the northeast takes place, while the volcanic zone in the southeast (Katla, Vatnajökull), which was initiated 3 million years ago, develops. The reorganisation of the plate boundaries in Iceland has also been attributed to microplate tectonics. Information about the structure of Earth's deep interior can be acquired only indirectly by geophysical and geochemical methods. For the investigation of postulated plumes, gravimetric, geoid and in particular seismological methods along with geochemical analyses of erupted lavas have proven especially useful. Numerical models of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2484323", "chunk_text": "\"Boundaries between the continents of Earth\"\nof associating islands with either continent, the boundary is usually drawn between Greenland and Iceland. The Norwegian islands of Jan Mayen and Svalbard in the Arctic Ocean are usually associated with Europe. Iceland and the Azores are protrusions of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and are associated with and peopled from Europe, even though they have areas on the North American Plate. (Definitions of \"\"continents\"\" are a physical and cultural construct dating back centuries, long before the advent or even knowledge of plate tectonics; thus, defining a \"\"continent\"\" falls into the realm of physical and cultural geography, while continental plate definitions fall", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16622160", "chunk_text": "\"Divergent boundary\"\nlithosphere. The hot spot which may have initiated the Mid-Atlantic Ridge system currently underlies Iceland which is widening at a rate of a few centimeters per year. Divergent boundaries are typified in the oceanic lithosphere by the rifts of the oceanic ridge system, including the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the East Pacific Rise, and in the continental lithosphere by rift valleys such as the famous East African Great Rift Valley. Divergent boundaries can create massive fault zones in the oceanic ridge system. Spreading is generally not uniform, so where spreading rates of adjacent ridge blocks are different, massive transform faults occur.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4102157", "chunk_text": "\"Types of volcanic eruptions\"\nmaking it an important climatic marker. Since they are embedded in ice, as glacial ice retreats worldwide there are concerns that tuyas and other structures may destabilize, resulting in mass landslides. Evidence of volcanic-glacial interactions are evident in Iceland and parts of British Columbia, and it is even possible that they play a role in deglaciation. Glaciovolcanic products have been identified in Iceland, the Canadian province of British Columbia, the U.S. states of Hawaii and Alaska, the Cascade Range of western North America, South America and even on the planet Mars. Volcanoes known to have subglacial activity include: Phreatic eruptions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17115973", "chunk_text": "\"Divergent boundary\"\nDivergent boundary In plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary (also known as a constructive boundary or an extensional boundary) is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other. Divergent boundaries within continents initially produce rifts which eventually become rift valleys. Most active divergent plate boundaries occur between oceanic plates and exist as mid-oceanic ridges. Divergent boundaries also form volcanic islands which occur when the plates move apart to produce gaps which molten lava rises to fill. Current research indicates that complex convection within the Earth's mantle allows material to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15725190", "chunk_text": "\"Eyjafjallajökull\"\nand means: \"\"of the Eyjafjöll\"\". A literal part-by-part translation of \"\"Eyjafjallajökull\"\" would thus be \"\"Islands' Mountains' ice cap\"\". Eyjafjallajökull is sometimes referred to by the numeronym \"\"E15\"\". The stratovolcano, whose vents follow an east-west trend, is composed of basalt to andesite lavas. Most of its historical eruptions have been explosive. However, fissure vents occur on both (mainly the west) sides of the volcano. The volcano is fed by a magma chamber under the mountain, which in turn derives from the tectonic divergence of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. It is part of a chain of volcanoes stretching across Iceland. Its nearest active", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7960749", "chunk_text": "\"Volcanic belt\"\nthat pairs of opposite hot spots may result from the impact of a large meteor. Geologists have identified some 40-50 such hotspots around the globe, with Hawaii, Réunion, Yellowstone, Galápagos, and Iceland overlying the most currently active. An example of a hotspot volcanic belt is the Anahim Volcanic Belt in British Columbia, Canada, which was formed as a result of the North American Plate sliding westward over the Anahim hotspot. Most hotspot volcanoes are basaltic because they erupt through oceanic lithosphere (e.g., Hawaii, Tahiti). As a result, they are less explosive than subduction zone volcanoes, which have high water contents.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16071450", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of Iceland\"\nAlthough most scientists believe Iceland is capable of being an island because it is both in contact with a mantle plume and being actively split apart by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, some other convincing seismological and geophysical evidence calls the previously discussed mantle plume/hotspot assumption into question. Some geologists believe there is not enough definitive evidence to suggest a mantle plume exists beneath Iceland because sea floor heat flow through the lithosphere surrounding Iceland does not deviate from normal oceanic lithosphere heat flow that is uninfluenced by a plume. This cold crust hypothesis directly opposes the idea that Iceland is located", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2995011", "chunk_text": "\"Hotspot (geology)\"\nof a major controversy in Earth science. Estimates for the number of hotspots postulated to be fed by mantle plumes have ranged from about 20 to several thousands, over the years, with most geologists considering a few tens to exist. Hawaii, Réunion, Yellowstone, Galápagos, and Iceland are some of the most active volcanic regions to which the hypothesis is applied. Most hotspot volcanoes are basaltic (e.g., Hawaii, Tahiti). As a result, they are less explosive than subduction zone volcanoes, in which water is trapped under the overriding plate. Where hotspots occur in continental regions, basaltic magma rises through the continental", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16071446", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of Iceland\"\nchange with time, Geologists use what is called the \"\"hotspot frame of reference\"\" to gather plate motion estimates, so they can create maps depicting plates moving on the surface of the earth relative to a stationary hotspot. Most work discussing plate motion agrees that the Iceland hotspot was probably located beneath Greenland for a period of time. As the North Atlantic Ocean continued to spread apart during this time period, Greenland was located to the southeast of the Iceland hotspot and likely moved over it from around ~70-40 mya. Some research using new plate motion data gathered from hotspot reference", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5972919", "chunk_text": "\"Convergent boundary\"\nConvergent boundary Convergent boundaries are areas on Earth where two or more lithospheric plates collide. One plate eventually slides beneath the other causing a process known as subduction. The subduction zone can be defined by a plane where many earthquakes occur, called the Benioff Zone. These collisions happen on scales of millions to tens of millions of years and can lead to volcanism, earthquakes, orogenesis, destruction of lithosphere, and deformation. Convergent boundaries occur between oceanic-oceanic lithosphere, oceanic-continental lithosphere, and continental-continental lithosphere. The geologic features related to convergent boundaries vary depending on crust types. Plate tectonics is driven by convection cells", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1744662", "chunk_text": "Iceland\nPark, Snæfellsjökull National Park, and Þingvellir National Park. The country is considered a \"\"strong performer\"\" in environmental protection, having been ranked 13th in Yale University's Environmental Performance Index of 2012. A geologically young land, Iceland is located on both the Iceland hotspot and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which runs right through it. This location means that the island is highly geologically active with many volcanoes including Hekla, Eldgjá, Herðubreið, and Eldfell. The volcanic eruption of Laki in 1783–1784 caused a famine that killed nearly a quarter of the island's population. In addition, the eruption caused dust clouds and haze to appear", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2151105", "chunk_text": "\"Geography of Iceland\"\nGeography of Iceland Iceland ( )is an island country at the confluence of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans, east of Greenland and immediately south of the Arctic Circle, atop the constructive boundary of the northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge about from Scotland and from New York City. One of the world's most sparsely populated countries, Iceland's boundaries are almost the same as the main island – the world's 18th largest in area and possessing almost all of the country's area and population. It is the westernmost European country with more land covered by glaciers than in all of continental Europe. Island", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2219440", "chunk_text": "\"Geological deformation of Iceland\"\na huge spatial difference in seismic activity. For example, the westernmost part of the Tjörnes Fracture Zone shows seismic activity, but a few larger earthquakes (>M=5.5) also appear in the zone. The complexity in the Tjörnes Fracture Zone can be generally explained by the magmatic processes and plate motions. The velocity of the divergent plate motion, estimated to be 18.9 mm/year ±0.5 mm/year, is strongly affected by the Icelandic mantle plume underneath central Iceland. Volcanic activity can be found in the Dalvík seismic zone and southern tip of the Kolbeinsey Ridge. The South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ), also known as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1196880", "chunk_text": "\"Geology of Iceland\"\nhave contributed to the rifting of Pangaea and the subsequent formation of the Northern Atlantic Ocean because igneous rocks found on both sides of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge originating from the hotspot beneath Iceland originated 57-53 mya (around the time North America and Eurasia separate and sea floor spreading initiates in the Northeast Atlantic). Geologists can ascertain some information about plate motion relative to the Iceland hotspot by examining igneous rocks throughout the Northern Atlantic region because certain rocks attributable to hot spot volcanism can be interpreted as volcanic traces left by the Iceland hotspot. By assuming hotspots' locations do not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15592985", "chunk_text": "\"Shield volcano\"\nexample of such a delineated chain. In addition, there is no clear pattern of age between the volcanoes, suggesting a complicated, irregular pattern of creation. How exactly the islands were formed remains a geological mystery, although several theories have been fronted. Another major center of shield volcanic activity is Iceland. Located over the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, a divergent tectonic plate in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, Iceland is the site of about 130 volcanoes of various types. Icelandic shield volcanoes are generally of Holocene age, between 5000 and 10000 years old, except for the island of Surtsey, a Surtseyan shield.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3747572", "chunk_text": "\"Geography of Iceland\"\nmoderating influence, the climate is temperate and characterized by damp, cool summers and relatively mild but windy winters. Reykjavík has an average temperature of in July and in January It has a Köppen Climate Classification of Subpolar oceanic climate (\"\"Cfc\"\") with most of the island classified as Tundra (\"\"ET\"\"). Iceland has extensive volcanic and geothermal activity. The rift associated with the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, which marks the division between the Eurasian Plate and North American tectonic plates, runs across Iceland from the southwest to the northeast. This geographic feature is prominent at the Þingvellir National Park, where the promontory creates an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19488545", "chunk_text": "\"Convergent boundary\"\nthe convergent boundary of the Indian plate and Burma microplate and killed over 200,000 people. The 2011 tsunami off the coast of Japan, which caused 16,000 deaths and did $360 billion USD in damage, was caused by a magnitude 9 earthquake along the convergent boundary of the Eurasian plate and Pacific Plate. Convergent boundary Convergent boundaries are areas on Earth where two or more lithospheric plates collide. One plate eventually slides beneath the other causing a process known as subduction. The subduction zone can be defined by a plane where many earthquakes occur, called the Benioff Zone. These collisions happen", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_281	who plays jimmy's mom in 8 mile?	n/a	[ "Kim Basinger" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8433430", "chunk_text": "\"8 Mile (film)\"\n8 Mile (film) 8 Mile is a 2002 American drama film written by Scott Silver, directed by Curtis Hanson, and starring Eminem, Mekhi Phifer, Brittany Murphy, Michael Shannon, and Kim Basinger. The film is based loosely on Eminem's actual upbringing, and follows white rapper B-Rabbit (Eminem) and his attempt to launch a career in a genre dominated by African-Americans. The title is derived from 8 Mile Road, the highway between the predominantly black city of Detroit and Wayne County and the predominantly White Oakland County and Macomb County suburbs. It was filmed mostly on location. \"\"8 Mile\"\" was a critical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11802986", "chunk_text": "\"8 Mile (film)\"\nand commercial success. Eminem won the Academy Award for Best Original Song for \"\"Lose Yourself\"\". In 1995 Detroit, Jimmy \"\"B-Rabbit\"\" Smith Jr. is a young, unhappy blue-collar worker from a poor family. He has moved back north of 8 Mile Road to the run-down trailer home in Warren, Michigan of his alcoholic mother Stephanie, his little sister Lily, and Stephanie's abusive live-in boyfriend Greg. Although encouraged by his friends, Jimmy worries about his potential as a rapper. He falters during a rap battle one night at a local venue, the Shelter, and he leaves the stage humiliated. Jimmy works at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9699487", "chunk_text": "\"8 Mile (film)\"\nnot present at the ceremony, but musician Luis Resto accepted the award. The film has been nominated for 32 awards, winning 11. The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists: 8 Mile (film) 8 Mile is a 2002 American drama film written by Scott Silver, directed by Curtis Hanson, and starring Eminem, Mekhi Phifer, Brittany Murphy, Michael Shannon, and Kim Basinger. The film is based loosely on Eminem's actual upbringing, and follows white rapper B-Rabbit (Eminem) and his attempt to launch a career in a genre dominated by African-Americans. The title is derived from 8 Mile Road,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10759587", "chunk_text": "\"Kim Basinger\"\n\"\"UrbanCinefile\"\" that she \"\"cried for hours\"\" when she had to leave Kenya, where filming took place. Budgeted at US$50 million, \"\"I Dreamed of Africa\"\" got a 10 percent rating on Rotten Tomatoes, and only managed to pull in US$14 million at the worldwide box office. Curtis Hanson cast her again, this time as the alcoholic mother of an aspiring rapper, in \"\"8 Mile\"\" (2002), opposite Eminem and Brittany Murphy. The film appeared on many top ten lists of the year, and in his review, Roger Ebert asserted: \"\"There has been criticism of Kim Basinger, who is said to be too", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11958595", "chunk_text": "\"Gaye Kruger\"\nGaye Kruger Gaye Kruger (born Gaye Rescher on April 17, 1951), also known as Gaye Rescher Ribble and Gaye Kruger Ribble, is a former American actress and voice actress. She is the sister of actress Dee Dee Rescher. After playing small roles in various stage, television and film productions (including \"\"Mr. Mom\"\", \"\"Eight is Enough\"\" and \"\"The Scarlett O'Hara War\"\"), she gained recognition for her voice performance as Makie in the Streamline Pictures English dub of Yoshiaki Kawajiri's OVA film \"\"Wicked City\"\", released in 1993 in North America. \"\"Wicked City\"\" is her only known role as a voice actress. Kruger", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20189454", "chunk_text": "\"Joan Prather\"\n\"\"extremely unhappy\"\" John Travolta that Scientology had helped her, inspiring him to get involved with the religion upon his later return to Los Angeles. She was married to James J Fiducia for five years in the late 1970s. Joan Prather Joan Prather (born October 17, 1950) is an American actress, best known for her role in \"\"Eight Is Enough\"\". Prather was born in Dallas, Texas, and graduated from Highland Park High School. Her film credits include \"\"The Single Girls\"\" (1974), \"\"Big Bad Mama\"\" (1974), \"\"The Devil's Rain\"\" (1975), \"\"Smile\"\" (1975), \"\"Rabbit Test\"\" (1978) and \"\"Take This Job and Shove It\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1696285", "chunk_text": "Awkwafina\nAwkwafina Nora Lum (born 1988), known by the stage name Awkwafina, is an American rapper and actress. She appeared in the films \"\"Ocean's 8\"\" and \"\"Crazy Rich Asians\"\". Lum was born in New York City to an ethnic Chinese American father, Wally, and a South Korean immigrant mother, a painter. She grew up in Forest Hills, Queens. One of her paternal great-grandfathers was a Chinese immigrant in the 1940s who opened the Cantonese restaurant Lum’s in Flushing, Queens. Lum's mother died when she was four, and she was raised and influenced heavily by her paternal grandmother. Lum attended LaGuardia High", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5699498", "chunk_text": "\"Nancy Kurshan\"\nwhich has appeared in countless texts and books about prisons and repression, and in 2013, the Freedom Archives published \"\"Out of Control\"\", her book about the battle to end control unit prisons. Along the way, Kurshan married Chicago epidemiologist Steve Whitman, raised two children, got a master's degree in social work and worked for 20 years as a social worker in the Chicago Public Schools. Whitman died in 2014. Mayim Bialik plays Kurshan in the film \"\"The Chicago 8\"\". Nancy Kurshan Nancy Sarah Kurshan (born February 4, 1944 in Brooklyn, NY) is an American activist, raised as a \"\"red diaper", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4437316", "chunk_text": "\"Sylvia Miles\"\n1989 comedy \"\"She-Devil\"\", in which she played the mother of Meryl Streep's character. In a New York restaurant in 1973, Miles publicly dumped a plate of food onto critic John Simon's head for his negative comments about her in a film review. Miles has been less active since 1999, with a few roles on television such as \"\"Sex and the City\"\" and \"\"One Life to Live\"\", and in the films \"\"Go Go Tales\"\" and \"\"\"\". On May 30, 2014, it was reported that Miles had been hospitalized with anemia. Sylvia Miles Sylvia Miles (born September 9, 1924) is an American", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1696292", "chunk_text": "Awkwafina\nGap's \"\"Logo Remix\"\" campaign, which featured up-and-coming artists who \"\"are remixing creative culture on their own terms,\"\" such as SZA, Sabrina Claudio and Naomi Watanabe. Awkwafina lives in Brooklyn. Awkwafina Nora Lum (born 1988), known by the stage name Awkwafina, is an American rapper and actress. She appeared in the films \"\"Ocean's 8\"\" and \"\"Crazy Rich Asians\"\". Lum was born in New York City to an ethnic Chinese American father, Wally, and a South Korean immigrant mother, a painter. She grew up in Forest Hills, Queens. One of her paternal great-grandfathers was a Chinese immigrant in the 1940s who opened", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8433432", "chunk_text": "\"8 Mile (film)\"\na car factory. When he asks for extra shifts, his supervisor laughs and dismisses his request on account of his habitual tardiness. Jimmy befriends a woman named Alex. Over time, Jimmy begins to take more responsibility for the direction of his life. When he exhibits an improved attitude and performance at work, his supervisor grants him the extra shifts he requested. Stephanie receives an eviction notice as she cannot pay rent. Despite Stephanie's best attempts to keep the eviction notice a secret, Greg finds out about it. A fight ensues between him and Jimmy, and Greg leaves Stephanie for good.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9560002", "chunk_text": "\"Margaret Avery\"\n(2008), \"\"Meet the Browns\"\" (2008), and \"\"Proud Mary\"\" (2018). In 2013, Avery began starring as Helen Patterson, lead character's mother, in the BET drama series \"\"Being Mary Jane\"\". Margaret Avery was born in Mangum, Oklahoma and raised in San Diego, California, where she attended Point Loma High School. She then attended San Francisco State University, where in 1985, she earned her degree in education. While working as a substitute teacher in Los Angeles, Avery began making singing and acting appearances. Avery is best known for her role as Shug Avery in the 1985 film \"\"The Color Purple\"\". Her performance in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7477151", "chunk_text": "\"Connie Needham\"\nConnie Needham Connie Needham (born December 5, 1959) is an American actress and dance instructor. As Connie Newton, she portrayed Elizabeth Bradford on the television series \"\"Eight is Enough\"\" from 1977 to 1981. She was born Connie Marie Bowen in Anaheim, California. Although her most prominent role was as Elizabeth Bradford, she had other roles. She portrayed two different characters during the run of the television series \"\"Fame\"\". Her first appearance was in the episode \"\"To Soar and Never Falter\"\" (1982) as a dancer in the initial stages of multiple sclerosis. The episode won Harry Harris an Emmy Award for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5444400", "chunk_text": "\"Marisa Ryan\"\nMarisa Ryan Marisa Ryan (born November 20, 1974) is an American actress, best known for her role as Elizabeth Cooper-MacGillis in the CBS sitcom \"\"Major Dad\"\" (1989—1993), and as Abby Bernstein in the 2001 comedy film \"\"Wet Hot American Summer\"\", its Netflix prequel series, \"\"\"\" (2015) and its Netflix sequel series \"\"\"\" (2017). Ryan made her screen debut in a small role in the 1983 film \"\"Without a Trace\"\". From 1989 to 1993, she starred as Elizabeth Cooper-MacGillis in the NBC sitcom \"\"Major Dad\"\" opposite Gerald McRaney. She later went to star in the Independent films \"\"Love Always\"\" (1996), \"\"Slaves", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11731550", "chunk_text": "\"Lee Bryant\"\nLee Bryant Lee Bryant (born August 31, 1945) is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for the role of Mrs. Hammen in the 1980 film \"\"Airplane!\"\" and (the role being best known for Mrs. Hammen getting hysterical on the plane in the original film, with the result being she gets slapped numerous times by numerous people). She also appeared as Sam Waterston's wife in the 1977 conspiracy thriller \"\"Capricorn One\"\", and as Jennifer Westfeldt's mother in the romantic comedy \"\"Friends with Kids\"\" (2011). Bryant was born in Manhattan, New York. She has guest starred in a number of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2694925", "chunk_text": "\"Jami Gertz\"\nJami Gertz Jami Beth Gertz (born October 28, 1965) is an American actress. Gertz is known for her early roles in the films, \"\"Crossroads\"\", \"\"The Lost Boys\"\", \"\"Less Than Zero\"\" and \"\"Quicksilver\"\", the 1980s TV series \"\"Square Pegs\"\" and 1996's \"\"Twister\"\", as well as for her roles as Judy Miller in the CBS sitcom \"\"Still Standing\"\", and as Debbie Weaver in the ABC sitcom \"\"The Neighbors\"\". Along with husband Tony Ressler, she is a part-owner of the Atlanta Hawks of the National Basketball Association. Gertz was born in Chicago, Illinois, and lived in the city's nearby suburb of Glenview. Her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9534129", "chunk_text": "\"Ally Sheedy\"\nAlly Sheedy Alexandra Elizabeth \"\"Ally\"\" Sheedy (born June 13, 1962) is an American actress and author. Following her film debut in 1983's \"\"Bad Boys\"\", she became known as one of the Brat Pack group of actors in the films \"\"The Breakfast Club\"\" (1985) and \"\"St. Elmo's Fire\"\" (1985). She also acted in \"\"WarGames\"\" (1983) and \"\"Short Circuit\"\" (1986). For her performance in Lisa Cholodenko's \"\"High Art\"\" (1998), Sheedy won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead. Sheedy was born in New York City and has two siblings, brother Patrick and sister Meghan. Her mother, Charlotte (née Baum), is a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7477153", "chunk_text": "\"Connie Needham\"\nNewton, she married David Needham, a set designer on \"\"Eight is Enough\"\", on April 7, 1979. David Needham's father was stuntman and film director/producer Hal Needham. Connie and David divorced in 2005. They have two daughters, Kimberly and Taylor. In July 2009, it was announced that Needham was diagnosed with ovarian cancer. She has since made a full recovery. Connie Needham Connie Needham (born December 5, 1959) is an American actress and dance instructor. As Connie Newton, she portrayed Elizabeth Bradford on the television series \"\"Eight is Enough\"\" from 1977 to 1981. She was born Connie Marie Bowen in Anaheim,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14829798", "chunk_text": "\"Dianne Kay\"\nDianne Kay Dianne Kay (born March 29, 1954, Phoenix, Arizona) is an American actress, best known for her role as Nancy Bradford on the ABC television series \"\"Eight Is Enough\"\" (1977–1981). In 1979, she had a large role in Steven Spielberg's period comedy \"\"1941\"\". She appeared in the \"\"Eight is Enough\"\" reunion movies in 1987 and 1989. She appeared on the pilot episode of \"\"Flamingo Road\"\", and on the short-lived television series \"\"Glitter\"\" Her most recent credit was a 1990s episode of the detective series \"\"\"\". Kay lives in Los Angeles, California with her husband and son. She has not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8433434", "chunk_text": "\"8 Mile (film)\"\nPaul. Jimmy joins the battle and defends Paul. Alex is impressed by Jimmy's actions; they have sex in the factory. Wink arranges for Jimmy to meet with producers at a recording studio, but Jimmy finds Wink and Alex engaging in intercourse. Enraged, Jimmy attacks Wink as Alex tries to break up their altercation. In retaliation, Wink and the Leaders of the Free World assault Jimmy outside his mother's trailer. The leader of the gang, Papa Doc, holds Jimmy at gunpoint, threatening to kill him before being dissuaded by Wink. Jimmy's best friend and battle host, Future, pushes him to get", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6243238", "chunk_text": "\"Brittany Murphy\"\nIn the 2000s Murphy appeared in \"\"Don't Say a Word\"\" (2001) alongside Michael Douglas, and alongside Eminem in \"\"8 Mile\"\" (2002), for which she gained critical recognition. Her later roles included \"\"Riding in Cars with Boys\"\" (2001), \"\"Spun\"\" (2002), \"\"Uptown Girls\"\" (2003), \"\"Sin City\"\" (2005), and \"\"Happy Feet\"\" (2006). Murphy also voiced Luanne Platter on the animated television series \"\"King of the Hill\"\" (1997–2009). Her final film, \"\"Something Wicked\"\", was released in April 2014. In December 2009, Murphy died of pneumonia at the age of 32. Brittany Anne Bertolotti was born in Atlanta, Georgia, to Sharon Kathleen Murphy and Angelo", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12997470", "chunk_text": "\"Ocean's 8\"\nopens her own store; Constance buys a spacious loft in the city and becomes a YouTuber; Tammy expands her business in selling stolen goods; Nine Ball opens a pool bar; Daphne becomes a director; Lou goes on a cross-country road trip; and Debbie returns to Danny's grave to raise a toast to him with a martini in his honor. Additionally, Dakota Fanning appears as Penelope Stern, a celebrity who Kluger is jealous of, and Nathanya Alexander appears as Veronica, Nine Ball's younger sister. Elliott Gould and Qin Shaobo reprise their roles from the previous films as Reuben Tishkoff and \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12255800", "chunk_text": "\"Janet Carroll\"\nJanet Carroll Janet Carroll (December 24, 1940 – May 22, 2012) was an American film, stage and television character actress. Carroll's career spanned more than four decades and included major roles in Broadway musicals and Hollywood productions, but was perhaps most recognized for her portrayal of the oblivious mother of Joel (Tom Cruise) in the 1983 film \"\"Risky Business\"\". Carroll was born Janet Carol Thiese in Chicago, the daughter of Hilda Catherine (née Patton) and George Nicholas Thiese. She received formal theatrical training and began acting professionally in the late 1960s, appearing in numerous productions in local theaters. She then", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4480192", "chunk_text": "\"Mile Post 398\"\nabuse and domestic violence throughout his childhood in result having him resorting to alcohol to repress his memories. As he is willing to take responsible for his life and as husband and father, his drinking buddies Jimmy (Gerald Vandever) and Marty (James Junes) cultivate in having Cloyd continue their carefree lifestyle of drinking and partying, preventing him to change. All the while, his wife Lorraine (Kim White) and son Michael (KJ White) begin to lose hope in him and seriously consider leaving him. As the ensuing events unfold, it leads him making the choice that will change his life forever.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14829799", "chunk_text": "\"Dianne Kay\"\nacted since 1999. Dianne Kay Dianne Kay (born March 29, 1954, Phoenix, Arizona) is an American actress, best known for her role as Nancy Bradford on the ABC television series \"\"Eight Is Enough\"\" (1977–1981). In 1979, she had a large role in Steven Spielberg's period comedy \"\"1941\"\". She appeared in the \"\"Eight is Enough\"\" reunion movies in 1987 and 1989. She appeared on the pilot episode of \"\"Flamingo Road\"\", and on the short-lived television series \"\"Glitter\"\" Her most recent credit was a 1990s episode of the detective series \"\"\"\". Kay lives in Los Angeles, California with her husband and son.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18958934", "chunk_text": "\"Marg Helgenberger\"\nRamsey on the miniseries about the mysterious murder of six-year-old beauty-pageant contestant JonBenét Ramsey in \"\"Perfect Murder, Perfect Town\"\". She also starred as Dennis Quaid’s wife and Scarlett Johansson’s mother in writer-director Paul Weitz's romantic drama comedy \"\"In Good Company\"\" (2004). In 2006, Helgenberger’s hometown of North Bend, Nebraska, renamed the street on which Helgenberger had her childhood home \"\"Helgenberger Avenue\"\". In 2007, she was in the film \"\"Mr. Brooks\"\" with Kevin Costner in which her character's daughter is played by Danielle Panabaker, the sister of Kay Panabaker, who plays her fictional daughter on \"\"CSI\"\". In April 2008, Helgenberger was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18783608", "chunk_text": "\"Rosanna DeSoto\"\nRosanna DeSoto Rosanna DeSoto (born September 2, 1950) is an American actress who has performed in films and television. She is best known for her roles in \"\"Stand and Deliver\"\", for which she won an Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female, and in \"\"\"\" as Azetbur, the daughter of Klingon Chancellor Gorkon. Her other film roles include \"\"La Bamba\"\" (1987) as Ritchie Valens' mother Connie Valenzuela; and \"\"Family Business\"\" (1989) as the wife of Vito McMullen (Dustin Hoffman). DeSoto's first television role was in the series \"\"A.E.S. Hudson Street\"\" (1978) as Nurse Rosa Santiago. She starred in the short-lived", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3540130", "chunk_text": "\"Amy Davidson\"\nTovah Feldshuh, Dean Edwards, Tibor Feldman, and Cris Judd. She played Kerry in 8 Simple Rules see above reference. Davidson also runs a fashion and lifestyle blog at http://amydavidson.com. Davidson married actor Kacy Lockwood on May 1, 2010. On November 2, 2015, Davidson announced on Instagram that they were expecting their first child. Amy gave birth to her son, Lennox Sawyer Lockwood, on March 1, 2016. He arrived at 10:16 AM, and weighed 5 lbs. 1 ounce, and measured 19 inches long. Amy Davidson Amy Davidson (born September 15, 1979) is an American actress. She is known for playing Kerry", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "812352", "chunk_text": "\"Susan Richardson\"\nSusan Richardson Susan Richardson (born March 11, 1952) is a retired American actress, best known for her role as Susan Bradford on the television series \"\"Eight Is Enough\"\", which she played from 1977 to 1981. Born in Bath, Maine, Richardson first started acting in plays in high school. She graduated from Coatesville Area Senior High School in Coatesville, Pennsylvania in 1969, and moved to Hollywood in 1971. Initially, Richardson played bit roles in feature films \"\"American Graffiti\"\" and \"\"A Star Is Born\"\", and she guest-starred on the television series \"\"Happy Days\"\" and \"\"The Streets of San Francisco\"\". Shortly before her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13718742", "chunk_text": "\"Cynthia Stevenson\"\nappeared as Shiri Appleby's character's mother on The CW series \"\"Life Unexpected\"\". She also appeared in the song \"\"Fuckin' Perfect\"\" by Pink. Stevenson appeared in Shonda Rhimes dramas \"\"Grey's Anatomy\"\" in 2010, \"\"Off the Map\"\" and \"\"Private Practice\"\" in 2011, and \"\"Scandal\"\" in 2013. Cynthia Stevenson Cynthia Stevenson (born August 2, 1962) is an American actress. She has appeared in several movies including \"\"The Player\"\", \"\"Forget Paris\"\", \"\"Home for the Holidays\"\", \"\"Happiness\"\", and \"\"\"\", and in the television shows \"\"Cheers\"\", \"\"My Talk Show\"\", \"\"Bob\"\", \"\"Hope and Gloria\"\", \"\"Oh Baby\"\", \"\"Dead Like Me\"\", \"\"Men in Trees\"\", and \"\"Surviving Suburbia\"\", amongst others.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1285998", "chunk_text": "\"Janet Carroll\"\naged 71. Janet Carroll Janet Carroll (December 24, 1940 – May 22, 2012) was an American film, stage and television character actress. Carroll's career spanned more than four decades and included major roles in Broadway musicals and Hollywood productions, but was perhaps most recognized for her portrayal of the oblivious mother of Joel (Tom Cruise) in the 1983 film \"\"Risky Business\"\". Carroll was born Janet Carol Thiese in Chicago, the daughter of Hilda Catherine (née Patton) and George Nicholas Thiese. She received formal theatrical training and began acting professionally in the late 1960s, appearing in numerous productions in local theaters.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11996710", "chunk_text": "\"Celeste Thorson\"\nCeleste Thorson Celeste Thorson (born July 23, 1984) is an American actress, model, screenwriter, and activist. She is best known for her roles on \"\"How I Met Your Mother\"\", \"\"Jimmy Kimmel Live!\"\", \"\"The Exes\"\", \"\"Heartbeat\"\" and as a host for numerous lifestyle and travel television shows. Thorson has written twenty four episodes of television and several short films. As a model, she has been featured in modeling and commercial campaigns for Reebok, Lady Foot Locker, Yoplait, Sprint, Nissan Nokia, Samsung, Yahoo!, Body Glove, Toms Shoes, and Paul Mitchell. Thorson was born in Orange County, California, to her mother a fine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "940799", "chunk_text": "\"Celeste Thorson\"\nCeleste Thorson Celeste Thorson (born July 23, 1984) is an American actress, model, screenwriter, and activist. She is best known for her roles on \"\"How I Met Your Mother\"\", \"\"Jimmy Kimmel Live!\"\", \"\"The Exes\"\", \"\"Heartbeat\"\" and as a host for numerous lifestyle and travel television shows. Thorson has written twenty four episodes of television and several short films. As a model, she has been featured in modeling and commercial campaigns for Reebok, Lady Foot Locker, Yoplait, Sprint, Nissan Nokia, Samsung, Yahoo!, Body Glove, Toms Shoes, and Paul Mitchell. Thorson was born in Orange County, California, to her mother a fine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9892922", "chunk_text": "\"Patrice Martinez\"\nShe returned to the United States, and soon moved to Los Angeles, California, where she gained her first film experience in \"\"A Walk On The Moon\"\". She appeared in \"\"Three Amigos\"\" in 1986, and later was offered a role in \"\"Magnum, P.I.\"\" as Linda Lee Ellison with Tom Selleck. After that, she appeared in other TV series, including \"\"Miami Vice\"\" and \"\"Zorro,\"\" and also appeared in \"\"Beetlejuice,\"\" \"\"The Effects of Magic,\"\" and \"\"Vital Signs.\"\" Patrice is the sister of Benito Martinez and the daughter of Margarita Martinez-Cannon. She also has a sister, Benita, who looks like her but is two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16786388", "chunk_text": "\"Lani O'Grady\"\nLani O'Grady Lani O'Grady (October 2, 1954 – September 25, 2001) was an American actress and talent agent. She is best-remembered for her role as Mary Bradford, the eldest sister from \"\"Eight Is Enough\"\". O'Grady was born Lanita Rose Agrati in Walnut Creek, California, to Lou A. Agrati and to Mary B. Grady (née Castellino), a children's talent agent. She was the sister of actor/musician Don Grady, one of the original Mouseketeers and a cast member of \"\"My Three Sons\"\". Even as a youngster, she had a low-pitched voice. Young Lani began acting at age 13 with a role in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7688347", "chunk_text": "\"Zosia Mamet\"\nZosia Mamet Zosia Russell Mamet (; born February 2, 1988) is an American actress and musician, who has appeared in television series including \"\"Mad Men\"\", \"\"United States of Tara\"\" and \"\"Parenthood\"\" and as Shoshanna Shapiro on the HBO original series \"\"Girls\"\". Mamet was born in Randolph, Vermont. She is the daughter of American playwright, essayist, screenwriter, and film director David Mamet and actress Lindsay Crouse. Her father is Jewish and her mother is Buddhist, and Mamet identifies as Jewish as well. Her maternal grandfather was playwright Russel Crouse and her maternal great-grandfather was educator John Erskine. She has a sister,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20000647", "chunk_text": "\"Vickilyn Reynolds\"\nVickilyn Reynolds Vickilyn Reynolds (born June 2, 1955) is an American film and television actress and singer. Vickilyn Reynolds was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She first appeared on television in 1987 where she appeared on \"\"Kate & Allie\"\", the following year (1988) she had appeared in two films, \"\"Crossing Delancey\"\" and \"\"I'm Gonna Git You Sucka\"\". She also appeared in the movie Friday as Smokey's mother Joann. Reynolds has recently appeared on \"\"American Dreams\"\" in the episode \"\"Beyond the Wire\"\". She last appeared on television in 2005 where she played a talk show host in the film \"\"When Do We", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3540128", "chunk_text": "\"Amy Davidson\"\nAmy Davidson Amy Davidson (born September 15, 1979) is an American actress. She is known for playing Kerry Hennessy in the ABC sitcom \"\"8 Simple Rules\"\". Born in Phoenix, Arizona, Davidson was raised by educators. Her father was a principal at \"\"El Mirage\"\" Elementary School, and her mother was an English teacher at Desert Foothills Junior High School. Her parents enrolled her in dance classes as a young child. She became a member of \"\"Dance Motion\"\". Davidson took ballet, pointe, hip-hop and modern dancing. While attending Shadow Mountain High School, she began appearing in advertisements. Her acting coach, Jean Fowler,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17850279", "chunk_text": "\"Joan Cusack\"\n(b. 2000). She discovered she was pregnant with her first son, Dylan, on her first day of shooting the movie \"\"Mr. Wrong\"\" (1996). Cusack owns a home in Three Oaks Township, Michigan, and lives in Chicago, Illinois. In 2003, both Joan and her brother John signed the \"\"Not in My Name\"\" resolution (along with people such as Noam Chomsky and Susan Sarandon) opposing the invasion of Iraq. Joan Cusack Joan Mary Cusack (; born October 11, 1962) is an American actress. She received Academy Award nominations for Best Supporting Actress for her roles in the romantic comedy-drama \"\"Working Girl\"\" (1988)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9982401", "chunk_text": "\"Lisa Eilbacher\"\nLisa Eilbacher Lisa Marie Eilbacher (born May 5, 1956) is an American actress. Lisa Marie Eilbacher was born on May 5, 1956 in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, the daughter of an American oil company executive. She was raised in France. Her sister Cindy is also an actress, best known for portraying Jerry Van Dyke's daughter on the series \"\"My Mother the Car\"\". Eilbacher started acting as a child, appearing on such shows as \"\"My Three Sons\"\" and \"\"Gunsmoke\"\". She later made a transition into adult roles on such shows like \"\"The Amazing Spider-Man\"\". Eilbacher is best known for her roles in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2282754", "chunk_text": "\"Chloe Webb\"\nChloe Webb Chloe Webb (born June 25, 1956) is an American actress, best known for her roles in films \"\"Sid and Nancy\"\" (1986), \"\"The Belly of an Architect\"\" (1987), \"\"Twins\"\" (1988), and \"\"Heart Condition\"\" (1990). She also was nominated for an Primetime Emmy Award for her role as Laurette Barber in the ABC drama series \"\"China Beach\"\", and had a recurring role as Monica Gallagher on the Showtime comedy-drama \"\"Shameless\"\". Webb was born in New York City and grew up in various cities on the East Coast– depending on where her father, a bridge and road designer, was working. She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20189453", "chunk_text": "\"Joan Prather\"\nJoan Prather Joan Prather (born October 17, 1950) is an American actress, best known for her role in \"\"Eight Is Enough\"\". Prather was born in Dallas, Texas, and graduated from Highland Park High School. Her film credits include \"\"The Single Girls\"\" (1974), \"\"Big Bad Mama\"\" (1974), \"\"The Devil's Rain\"\" (1975), \"\"Smile\"\" (1975), \"\"Rabbit Test\"\" (1978) and \"\"Take This Job and Shove It\"\" (1981), and she appeared in TV series such as \"\"Executive Suite\"\", \"\"Eight Is Enough\"\", \"\"CHiPs\"\", \"\"Fantasy Island\"\", and the 1980 edition of \"\"Battle of the Network Stars\"\". While on the set of \"\"The Devil's Rain\"\", Prather told an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4675095", "chunk_text": "\"Maia Brewton\"\nMaia Brewton Maia Luisa Brewton (born September 30, 1977) is an American actress who enjoyed success in the late 1980s and early 1990s. She is best known for her role as the Mighty Thor-obsessed Sara Anderson in the 1987 film \"\"Adventures in Babysitting\"\", and as Shelly Lewis, the antagonistic sister of the title character on the Fox Network show \"\"Parker Lewis Can't Lose\"\", from 1990 to 1993. In 1985, she appeared in \"\"Back to the Future\"\" as Sally Baines, the younger sister of Marty McFly's mother Lorraine Baines. She then played Margaret Ann Culver in the short-lived 1985 television series", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7693001", "chunk_text": "\"Margaret Travolta\"\nwith David Keith, \"\"Catch Me If You Can\"\" with Leonardo DiCaprio and Tom Hanks, \"\"National Security\"\" with Martin Lawrence and Steve Zahn, \"\"High Fidelity\"\" with John Cusack and Jack Black (as John Cusack's mother), and \"\"While You Were Sleeping\"\" with Sandra Bullock and Bill Pullman. Her television credits include the recurring roles of Dr. Helen Boyd on \"\"NYPD Blue\"\" and Sister Mary Margaret on \"\"Days of Our Lives\"\", and guest starring appearances on \"\"The Drew Carey Show\"\", \"\"Strong Medicine\"\", and \"\"Early Edition\"\". Margaret Travolta Margaret Travolta is an American actress and a sister of actor John Travolta. Travolta, one of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3705392", "chunk_text": "\"A Mom for Christmas\"\n(Juliet Sorci), whose mother died when she was three years old. Her father, Jim (Doug Sheehan), is a workaholic with little time for his daughter and hasn't been able to spend time with her since her mother's death 8 years prior and still seems to be mourning her. Just before the Christmas holiday season, Jessica wins a free wish from a wishing well. Her wish for a mother for Christmas is granted by Philomena (Doris Roberts) and Amy Miller (Olivia Newton-John), a department store mannequin, is brought to life to be a mom for Jessica. However, there is a catch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5444402", "chunk_text": "\"Marisa Ryan\"\n(2005). In 1997, she made her directorial debut with the independent short film \"\"Three Women of Pain\"\" which she also co-wrote. Ryan was born in Manhattan, New York. In 1993, Ryan married actor Jeremy Sisto. They divorced in 2002, after nine years of marriage. Marisa Ryan Marisa Ryan (born November 20, 1974) is an American actress, best known for her role as Elizabeth Cooper-MacGillis in the CBS sitcom \"\"Major Dad\"\" (1989—1993), and as Abby Bernstein in the 2001 comedy film \"\"Wet Hot American Summer\"\", its Netflix prequel series, \"\"\"\" (2015) and its Netflix sequel series \"\"\"\" (2017). Ryan made her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11958596", "chunk_text": "\"Gaye Kruger\"\nhas effectively retired from acting, and now works with her husband, David Ribble, and his company StandOut Marketing Strategies, providing business and marketing strategies to clients. \"\"Eight is Enough\"\" - Stephanie<br> \"\"Illusions by Julie Dash\"\" - Leila Grant<br> \"\"Mr. Mom\"\" - Secretary<br> \"\"Queen of the Stardust Ballroom\"\" - Young Woman<br> \"\"The Scarlett O'Hara War\"\" - Lorraine<br> \"\"Venice/Venice\"\" - Interviewee<br> \"\"Wicked City\"\" (1993 Streamline dub) - Makie Gaye Kruger Gaye Kruger (born Gaye Rescher on April 17, 1951), also known as Gaye Rescher Ribble and Gaye Kruger Ribble, is a former American actress and voice actress. She is the sister of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20742474", "chunk_text": "\"Heidi Zeigler\"\nHeidi Zeigler Heidi Zeigler (born March 26, 1979) is a former child actress from the United States. Zeigler's most notable roles were in the television series \"\"Rags to Riches\"\" (1986–1988) and \"\"Just the Ten of Us\"\" (1988–1990). Beginning her career at age three, she appeared in approximately 20–30 national commercials (for products including Barbie, Kraft Cheese, Kool-Aid, Cheerios, McDonald's, and Clorox) before being cast at age four in TV's \"\"Mr. Mom\"\" (starring Barry Van Dyke). \"\"Mr. Mom\"\" did not survive past its pilot episode. At five, Zeigler landed roles in two television movies, \"\"\"\" (starring Jeff Goldblum and Cloris Leachman)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16002255", "chunk_text": "\"Emily Ann Lloyd\"\nEmily Ann Lloyd Emily Ann Lloyd (born Emily Ann Morelli; March 27, 1984) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Susan Lovell, the daughter of Jim Lovell, in \"\"Apollo 13\"\". Lloyd was born in Glendale, California, the daughter of Melissa (née Rogers) and David Morelli. She is cousin of Alyssa Milano and older sister of actor Eric Lloyd. She gave her debut in 1990 in the Arnold Schwarzenegger film \"\"Kindergarten Cop\"\". For that role she won the Young Artist Award in 1991. After that she played the role of Elizabeth 'Betsy' Gibson Ewing in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9465507", "chunk_text": "\"Jennifer Runyon\"\nJennifer Runyon Jennifer Victoria Runyon (born April 1, 1960 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American actress. Runyon is known for guest appearances or secondary characters in various sitcoms and dramas, as well as a couple of made-for-TV movies. Among her roles are Sally Frame on \"\"Another World\"\" (1981–1983), Gwendolyn Pierce on \"\"Charles in Charge\"\" (1984–1985), and replacing Susan Olsen as Cindy Brady in \"\"A Very Brady Christmas\"\" (1988). She starred in the horror film \"\"To All a Goodnight\"\" in 1980 and had a small part as a student in \"\"Ghostbusters\"\" (1984) alongside Bill Murray, and she starred in \"\"Up the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_282	who is the presiding officer of legislative council in india?	n/a	[ "Chairman" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1310249", "chunk_text": "\"Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)\"\nthe Presiding officers of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, the Legislative Assembly and the Legislative Council also have Presiding Officers. The Legislative Assembly has a Speaker and a Deputy Speaker and the Legislative Council has a Chairman and a Deputy Chairman. They are elected from among the members of the House. Member of the Legislative Assembly (India) A Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district (constituency) to the legislature of the State government in the Indian system of government. Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) are elected by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8386702", "chunk_text": "\"Punjab Legislative Assembly\"\nPunjab Legislative Assembly The Punjab Legislative Assembly or the Punjab Vidhan Sabha () is the unicameral legislature of the state of Punjab in northern India. At present, it consists of 117 members, directly elected from 117 single-seat constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The current Speaker of the Assembly is Rana KP Singh. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the \"\"Vidhan Bhavan\"\" in Chandigarh. The current ruling party is the Indian National Congress with 2/3rd Majority . An Executive Council was formed under The Indian Councils Act,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7130798", "chunk_text": "\"Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council\"\nmember of it. The Legislative Council consisted of 60 members. The term of a member of the Council was nine years with one-third of its members retiring after every three years. The Houses enjoyed the right of electing their Presiding Officers known as the President. The first meeting of the Legislative Council was held on 29 July 1937. Sir Sitaram and Begum Aijaz Rasul were elected the President and the Vice-President of the Legislative Council respectively. Sir Sitaram was in office till 9 March 1949. Chandra Bhal became the next Chairman on 10 March 1949. After the independence and adoption", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19100060", "chunk_text": "\"Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council\"\nwas constituted on March 30, 2007 and inaugurated on April 2 by Rameshwar Thakur, the Governor of Andhra Pradesh. The Chairman, elected by the Council, presides over the sessions of the Council. The Deputy Chairman is also elected to preside in the Chairman's absence. The Legislative Council is a permanent house, not subject to dissolution. Its 58 members serves six-year term, and every two years, one-third of the total number of members \"\"retire\"\" in rotation, and undergo the re-election process. To become a member, the individual must be a citizen of India and at least 30 years of age. 8", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14460298", "chunk_text": "\"Imperial Legislative Council\"\nImperial Legislative Council The Imperial Legislative Council was a legislature for British India from 1861 to 1947. It succeeded the Council of the Governor-General of India, and was succeeded by the Constituent Assembly of India and after 1950 it succeeded by Parliament of India. During the rule of the East India Company, the council of the Governor-General of India had both executive and legislative responsibilities. The council had four members of the Council elected by the Court of Directors. The first three members were permitted to participate on all occasions, but the fourth member was only allowed to sit and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15598924", "chunk_text": "\"Dissolution of parliament\"\nLegislative Council if it fails to pass the appropriation bill or any other important bill, or if it passes a bill but he or she refuses to give assent. In the latter case, if the Legislative Council passes the bill again with a two-thirds majority, the Chief Executive has to resign. This has not happened since 1997. Before 1997, the Legislative Council could be dissolved at the Governor's pleasure. Legislative power is constitutionally vested in the Parliament of India of which the president is the head, to facilitate the law-making process as per the Constitution (Article 78, Article 86, etc.).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2016769", "chunk_text": "\"Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)\"\ntwo unicameral legislatures in Union Territories: the Delhi Legislative Assembly and Puducherry Legislative Assembly. In states where there are two houses there is a Legislative Council and a Legislative Assembly. In such a case, the Legislative Council is the Upper House, while Legislative Assembly is the Lower House of the State Legislature. The Governor shall not be a member of the Legislature or Parliament, shall not hold any office of profit, and shall be entitled to emoluments and allowances. (Article 158 of Indian constitution). The Legislative Assembly consists of not more than 500 members and not fewer than 60. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14694015", "chunk_text": "\"Uttar Pradesh Legislature (Vidhan Bhawan)\"\nGovernment of India Act of 1935. The Governor Shri Ram Naik was a part of it, as heretofore. The Legislative Council consisted of 60 members. The term of a member of the Council was nine years with one-third of its members retiring after every three years. The Houses enjoyed the right of electing their Presiding Officers known as the President. The first meeting of the Legislative Council was held on 29 July 1937. Sir Sitaram and Begum Aijaz Rasul were elected the President and the Vice-President of the Legislative Council respectively. Sir Sitaram was in office till 9 March 1949.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7130797", "chunk_text": "\"Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council\"\nUttar Pradesh Legislative Council The Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council or the Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Parishad is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. Uttar Pradesh is one of the seven states in India, where the state legislature is bicameral, comprising two houses: the Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) and the Vidhan Parishad (Legislative Council). The Vidhan Parishad is a permanent House, consisting of 100 members. The Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Parishad came into existence by the Government of India Act of 1935. The current Governor of Uttar Pradesh, Shri Ram Naik, was previously an elected", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4568533", "chunk_text": "\"President of the New South Wales Legislative Council\"\nPresident of the New South Wales Legislative Council The President of the New South Wales Legislative Council is the presiding officer of the upper house of the Parliament of New South Wales, the Legislative Council. The presiding officer of the lower house is the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. The role of President has generally been a partisan office, filled by the governing party of the time. As of May 2017 the president is John Ajaka. The President is elected by the Council in a secret ballot. The Clerk of the Council conducts the election. The Presidency has always been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3756871", "chunk_text": "\"Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council\"\nand re-nomination any number of times. The Presiding Officers of Vidhan Parishad are Chairman and Deputy Chairman. Ramesh Yadav is the current Chairman of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council. \"\"See here the List of members of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council\"\" The following are the constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Parishad: The following are the present nominated Members of Legislative Council: Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council The Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council or the Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Parishad is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India. Uttar Pradesh is one of the seven states", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7643719", "chunk_text": "\"Politics of India\"\nmost senior office in the country, after the President. The vice-president is also elected by an electoral college, consisting of members of both houses of parliament. Like the president, the role of the Vice-President is also ceremonial, with no real authority vested in him/her. The Vice-President fills in a vacancy in the office of President (till the election of a new president). His only regular function is that he functions are the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. No other duties/powers are vested in the office. The current Vice President is M.Venkaiah Naidu. The Union Council of Ministers, headed by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6882093", "chunk_text": "\"President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong\"\nPresident of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong The President of the Legislative Council () is the speaker of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. According to the Article 71 of the Hong Kong Basic Law, the President of the Legislative Council is elected by and from among Legislative Council members, plays the presiding role, administrative role and ceremonial role, and ensures the smooth conduct of the Legislative Council meetings. From the establishment of the council in 1843 to 1993, the President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong was the Governor. In 1991, a Deputy President, Sir John Joseph", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20256431", "chunk_text": "\"Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council\"\nby the members of the Council. The Leader of the House is the leader of the party (or coalition) holding the most number of seats in the council. The Leader of the Opposition represents the second-largest party or coalition. The current office-bearers are: Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council (also known as the Jammu and Kashmir Vidhan Parishad) is the upper house of the legislature of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. The Jammu and Kashmir State Legislature consists of the Governor, the Legislative Assembly, and the Legislative Council. The first Legislature was established", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2016772", "chunk_text": "\"Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)\"\nor the Legislative Council of any state, unless the individual is a voter from any constituency of the state. Those who cannot become members of Parliament also cannot become members of the state legislature. The member is elected by the people of that particular constituency and represents those people in the legislative assembly and debates on issues related to his or her constituency. The MLA's position is like an MP, but the difference is only that MLA is in the state level and the MP is in the national level. The term of the Legislative Assembly is five years. However,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14460304", "chunk_text": "\"Imperial Legislative Council\"\npurposes, and for any purpose during \"\"emergencies\"\". He was permitted to veto, or even stop debate on, any bill. If he recommended the passage of a bill, but only one chamber co-operated, he could declare the bill passed over the objections of the other chamber. The Legislature had no authority over foreign affairs and defence. The President of the Council of State was appointed by the Governor-General; the Central Legislative Assembly elected its own President, apart from the first, but the election required the Governor-General's approval. Under the Indian Independence Act 1947, the Imperial Legislative Council and its houses were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20172961", "chunk_text": "\"Tasmanian Legislative Council\"\nby-election are: When the Legislative Council of Van Diemen's Land was created in 1825 it was a fully nominated body with the Lieutenant-Governor as Presiding Officer. Between 1850 and 1856 the Presiding Officer in the Legislative Council was known as the Speaker. Sir Richard Dry was the first elected to hold this position. As part of wider parliamentary changes the title was changed in 1856 to President. The current President of the Legislative Council is Nelson MLC Jim Wilkinson. The Public Accounts committee is a Joint Committee, meaning that it is composed of members from both houses of parliament. Currently,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16599076", "chunk_text": "\"Tamil Nadu Legislative Council\"\nwhen C. Rajagopalachari (Rajaji) was nominated by Governor Sri Prakasa to the Council so that Rajaji could become chief minister. The second time was in 1967 when C. N. Annadurai became the chief minister first and then got himself elected to the Council. During 1861-1937, the presiding officer of the Madras Legislative Council was known as the \"\"President of the Council\"\". From its establishment in 1861 till dyarchy was introduced in 1921, the Governor of Madras was also the President of the Council. After dyarchy introduced, the first and second council presidents, Perungavalur Rajagopalachari and L. D. Swamikannu Pillai, were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14460305", "chunk_text": "\"Imperial Legislative Council\"\ndissolved on 14 August 1947 and was replaced by the Constituent Assembly of India and the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan. Imperial Legislative Council The Imperial Legislative Council was a legislature for British India from 1861 to 1947. It succeeded the Council of the Governor-General of India, and was succeeded by the Constituent Assembly of India and after 1950 it succeeded by Parliament of India. During the rule of the East India Company, the council of the Governor-General of India had both executive and legislative responsibilities. The council had four members of the Council elected by the Court of Directors. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1783691", "chunk_text": "\"Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly\"\nUttarakhand Legislative Assembly The Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly, also known as the Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha, is a unicameral governing and law making body of Uttarakhand, one of the 29 States in India, and is situated at Dehradun, the interim state capital of Uttarakhand, with 71 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA). Following the Bharatiya Janta Party's historic win in 2017 election, the current Chief Minister of Uttarakhand and Leader of the House is Trivendra Singh Rawat. The Speaker of the Assembly is Premchand Aggarwal. Baby Rani Maurya is the current Governor of Uttarakhand. From 27 March 2016 to 12 May 2016,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8896440", "chunk_text": "\"Bombay Legislative Council\"\nretired every three years. After India became independent in 1947 and the Indian Constitution was adopted in 1950, the Legislative Council continued to be the upper chamber of the legislature of the Bombay State. The legislature of Bombay State ceased to exist in 1960 after the bifurcation of Bombay into Maharashtra and Gujarat. The Indian Councils Act 1909 expanded the strength of the legislative council to 49 (including the Governor) and introduced the indirect election of members to the Council. The legislative council was composed of Rafiuddin Ahmed, Sir Chinubhai Ranchhodlal, Lallubhai Shamaldas Mehta (1910-1912), R. P. Paranjpe (1912-1915), Sir", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9850154", "chunk_text": "Uttarakhand\non the advice of the Union government. The present Governor of Uttarakhand is Baby Rani Maurya. The Chief Minister, who holds the real executive powers, is the head of the party or coalition garnering the majority in the state elections. The current Chief Minister of Uttarakhand is Trivendra Singh Rawat. The unicameral Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly consists of has 71 members, known as Members of the Legislative Assembly or MLAs, and special office bearers such as the Speaker and Deputy Speaker, elected by the members. Assembly meetings are presided over by the Speaker, or the Deputy Speaker in the Speaker's absence.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16356949", "chunk_text": "\"Andhra Pradesh Legislature\"\nthe Seventh Assembly was for the first a Confidence Motion was moved and carried in the House on 20 September 1984. The Eleventh Legislative Assembly which was constituted on 10 October 1999 has elected Smt. K. Prathibha Bharathi as Speaker, the first women Presiding Officer of the Andhra Pradesh Legislature. Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, the President of India has addressed the Twelfth Legislative Assembly on 14 July 2004. It was the second time in the history of Andhra Pradesh Legislature that the First Citizen of India has addressed the Legislative Assembly. Previously, Dr. Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy addressed the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10219648", "chunk_text": "Gujarat\nspeaker who presides over the meetings of the legislature. A governor is appointed by the President of India, and is to address the state legislature after every general election and the commencement of each year's first session of the Legislative Assembly. The leader of the majority party or coalition in the legislature (Chief Minister) or his or her designee acts as the Leader of the Legislative Assembly. The administration of the state is led by the Chief Minister. After the independence of India in 1947, the Indian National Congress (INC) ruled the Bombay State (which included present-day Gujarat and Maharashtra).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19094742", "chunk_text": "\"Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council\"\nJammu and Kashmir Legislative Council The Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Council (also known as the Jammu and Kashmir Vidhan Parishad) is the upper house of the legislature of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. The Jammu and Kashmir State Legislature consists of the Governor, the Legislative Assembly, and the Legislative Council. The first Legislature was established by the government of the then-Maharaja of Kashmir, Hari Singh, in 1934. In 1957, a new constitution was adopted by the constituent assembly and the Parliament of India passed the Legislative Councils Act. These two pieces of legislation created the current bicameral legislature", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17350875", "chunk_text": "\"Bihar Legislative Assembly\"\nBihar Legislative Assembly is not a permanent body and subject to dissolution. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first sitting unless dissolved sooner. Members of the Legislative Assembly are directly elected by the people. There are three sessions (Budget session, Monsoon session, Winter session) every year. The Sessions of Legislative Assembly are presided by Speaker. The Speaker certifies that whether a bill is ordinary bill or money bill. Generally he does not participate in voting but he casts his vote in the case of tie. Vijay Kumar Chaudhary is the current", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17056173", "chunk_text": "\"Interim Government of India\"\nafter independence by General Sir Rob Lockhart. The senior Congress leader Vallabhbhai Patel held the second-most powerful position in the Council, heading the Department of Home Affairs, Department of Information and Broadcasting. The Sikh leader Baldev Singh was responsible for the Department of Defence and Chakravarthi Rajagopalachari was named to head the Department of Education and arts. Asaf Ali, a Muslim Congress leader, headed the Department of Railways and Transport. Scheduled Caste leader Jagjivan Ram headed the Department of Labour, while Rajendra Prasad headed the Department of Food and Agriculture and John Mathai headed the Department of Industries and Supplies.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6750182", "chunk_text": "\"D. H. Shankaramurthy\"\nD. H. Shankaramurthy D. H. Shankaramurthy (born 30 April 1940) is a senior leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in Karnataka, India. He has been Chairman of the Karnataka Legislative Council since 2010. Shankaramurthy was born on 30 April 1940 at Shimoga in a middle class Bramhin family of Hanumanthappa and Kamakshamma. He graduated in Science from Bangalore University. He married Sathyavati and the couple have two sons, Kiran and Arun. His younger son Arun is presently the general secretary of Shimoga District BJP. He is associated with the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS), a Nationalist Social Organization since 1966.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19713626", "chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly\"\nSpeaker of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly The Speaker of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly is the title given to the presiding officer (chair) of the West Bengal Legislative Assembly. The Speaker's official role is to moderate debate, make rulings on procedure, announce the results of votes, etc. The Speaker decides who may speak and has the powers to discipline members who break the procedures of the Assembly. The Speaker often also represents the body in person, as the voice of the body in ceremonial and some other situations. Many bodies also have a speaker \"\"pro tempore\"\" or deputy speaker,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14479083", "chunk_text": "\"Parliament of Victoria\"\nand MLA or MP if a Member of the Legislative Assembly. Ministers and former ministers are entitled to the style \"\"The Honourable\"\" (abbreviated to \"\"The Hon\"\") although some choose not to use it. The Speaker of the Legislative Assembly is the presiding officer of the Legislative Assembly. He or she is an elected member of the Parliament and is chosen by the members of the Legislative Assembly to chair their meetings and represent the assembly as a whole at official functions. The corresponding person in the Legislative Council is the President of the Legislative Council. Both the Speaker and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12572041", "chunk_text": "\"Punjab Legislative Assembly\"\nParishad was abolished leaving the state with a unicameral legislature. Rana KP Singh (Rana Kanwar Pal Singh) is the current Speaker of the Punjab Legislative Assembly. He was born in Jhandian village in Rupnagar in 1957. Rana K P Singh completed his schooling in neighboring Bharatgarh before moving to Dehradun to study law. He practiced law in Rupnagar courts for 21 years. After becoming sarpanch of his village, he was elevated to the position of the Youth Congress district president. Later, he became the general secretary of the Indian National Congress, Punjab unit before becoming a member of the All", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9247392", "chunk_text": "\"President of India\"\nPresident of India The President of the Republic of India is the ceremonial head of state of India and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces. The president is indirectly elected by an electoral college comprising the Parliament of India (both houses) and the legislative assemblies of each of India's states and territories, who themselves are all directly elected. Although the of the Constitution of India states that the president can exercise his powers directly or by subordinate authority, with few exceptions, all of the executive powers vested in the president are, in practice, exercised by the prime minister (a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18281472", "chunk_text": "\"Legislative assembly\"\nname House of Assembly is used instead. It is one of the main names used in everyday In India, the lower or sole house of each constituent state's parliament is called the legislative assembly, or Vidhan Sabha. The same name is also used for the lower house of the legislatures for two of the union territories, Delhi and Puducherry. The upper house in the seven states with a bicameral legislature is called the legislative council, or Vidhan Parishad. Members of the former are called MLAs, and those of the latter MLCs. The lower houses of the parliaments of the Australian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5948198", "chunk_text": "\"Bihar Legislative Council\"\nand the Bihar Legislative Assembly. Under the Government of India Act, 1935, the Bihar Legislative Council consisted of 29 members. After the first General Elections 1952, the number of members was increased up to 72 and by 1958 the number was raised to 96. With the creation of Jharkhand, as a result of the Bihar Reorganisation Act, 2000 passed by the Parliament, the strength of the Bihar Legislative Council has been reduced from 96 to 75 members. Some veteran council members B. P. Mandal, Jagannath Mishra, Satyendra Narain Singh and Lalu Prasad Yadav have also served as Chief Minister of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4568539", "chunk_text": "\"President of the New South Wales Legislative Council\"\nthe Opening of Parliament. However, there is nothing stopping any given Speaker, if they choose to do so, from assuming traditional court dress or anything they deem appropriate. Originally titled Chairman of Committees, the current style was adopted on 5 May 2004 during the term of the first female holder of the office. Various legal and constitutional amendments to follow this change were made in the \"\"Constitution Amendment (Parliamentary Presiding Officers) Act 2014\"\". President of the New South Wales Legislative Council The President of the New South Wales Legislative Council is the presiding officer of the upper house of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4920561", "chunk_text": "\"Vidhan Parishad\"\nVidhan Parishad Article 169 of the Constitution of India provides for the establishment of a Vidhan Parishad. The Vidhan Parishad or Legislative Council is the upper house in those states of India that have a bicameral legislature. , seven (7) (out of twenty-nine) states have a Legislative Council. They are elected by local bodies, legislative assembly, governor, graduates, teacher, etc. Odisha, too, is planning to make a legislative council. And members are known as MLC. There is a term of 6 years in the legislative council. Each Member of the Legislative Council (MLC) serves for a six-year term, with terms", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12228577", "chunk_text": "\"Roji M John\"\nto be elected to the post after Rahul Gandhi introduced the system of election of office bearers. He won the election with 36 of 62 office bearers of NSUI voting in his favour. The 34 state presidents and 28 national office bearers of NSUI across the country, who had the voting right, were a part of election process. In 2016 Roji was elected as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Kerala from Angamaly Roji M John Roji M John (; is an Indian politician from Ernakulam, Kerala and a member of the Indian National Congress. Roji was elected as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2703511", "chunk_text": "\"N. M. D. Farooq\"\nN. M. D. Farooq Nasyam Mohammed Farooq (born 15 May 1950)is an Indian politician who was the Chairman of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council. Farooq is a nominated member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council and is a member of the Telugu Desam Party. He previously served as Deputy Speaker of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and as minister for Sugar, Wakf and Urdu Academy in N. T. Rama Rao ministry. He previously served as a member of Nandyal Municipality and member of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.On 10 November 2018 he was inducted into the cabinet by Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10826607", "chunk_text": "\"Chief minister (India)\"\nChief minister (India) In the Republic of India, a chief minister is the elected head of government of each of Twenty nine states and seven union territories (Delhi and Pondicherry). According to the Constitution of India, the Governor is a state's \"\"de jure\"\" head, but \"\"de facto\"\" executive authority rests with the chief minister. Following elections to the state legislative assembly in a state, the state's governor usually invites the party (or coalition) with a majority of seats to form the government. The governor appoints and swears in the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14731987", "chunk_text": "\"President of the Western Australian Legislative Council\"\nPresident of the Western Australian Legislative Council The President of the Western Australian Legislative Council, also known as the Presiding Officer of the Council, is the presiding officer of the Western Australian Legislative Council, the upper house of the Parliament of Western Australia. The position is analogous to that of the President of the Australian Senate. The President is always a Member of the Western Australian Legislative Council, and is the ceremonial head of that Council. The President therefore performs ceremonial duties, and represents the Council to other organisations. In conjunction with the Speaker of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6952048", "chunk_text": "\"Speaker of the Lok Sabha\"\nSpeaker of the Lok Sabha The Speaker of the Lok Sabha is the presiding officer of the Lok Sabha (House of the People), the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected generally in the very first meeting of the Lok Sabha following general elections. Serving for a term of five years, the speaker chosen from sitting members of the Lok Sabha (House of people), and is by convention a member of the ruling party or alliance. The current speaker is Sumitra Mahajan of the Bharatiya Janata Party, who is presiding over the 16th Lok Sabha. She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17056172", "chunk_text": "\"Interim Government of India\"\neleven provinces of British India. The Muslim League won the seats allocated to the Muslim electorate. The Viceroy's Executive Council became the executive branch of the interim government. Originally headed by the Viceroy of India, it was transformed into a council of ministers, with the powers of a prime minister bestowed on the vice-president of the Council, a position held by the Congress leader Jawaharlal Nehru. After independence all members would be Indians, apart from the Viceroy, in August to become the Governor-General, Lord Mountbatten, who would hold only a ceremonial position, and the Commander-in-Chief, India, Sir Claude Auchinleck, replaced", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5949076", "chunk_text": "\"Bihar Legislative Assembly\"\n2017. Hours after Nitish Kumar's resignation, the JD(U) joined hands with the BJP, allowing Nitish Kumar to take oath as the Chief Minister of Bihar. The then Governor of Bihar, Keshari Nath Tripathi, administered Nitish Kumar the oath of office and secrecy in the Bihar Raj Bhavan on 27 July 2017, 1000 hrs IST, making Nitish Kumar the Chief Minister of Bihar for the sixth time. He gained the vote of confidence in the house with a total of 131 votes through Lobby Division voting on 28 July 2018. The Speaker (JD(U)) and 1 member of BJP did not cast", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6882100", "chunk_text": "\"President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong\"\nPolitical party: Political party: President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong The President of the Legislative Council () is the speaker of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. According to the Article 71 of the Hong Kong Basic Law, the President of the Legislative Council is elected by and from among Legislative Council members, plays the presiding role, administrative role and ceremonial role, and ensures the smooth conduct of the Legislative Council meetings. From the establishment of the council in 1843 to 1993, the President of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong was the Governor. In 1991, a Deputy", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7130799", "chunk_text": "\"Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council\"\nof the constitution on 26 January 1950 Chandra Bhal was re-elected the Chairman of the Legislative Council and continued in office till 5 May 1958. Sri Nizamuddin was elected the Deputy Chairman of the Council on 27 May 1952. He continued in office till 1964. When, under the provisions of the Government of India Act 1935, the Legislative Council came into existence in the United Provinces, it comprised 60 members. On 26 January 1950, the total membership of the Vidhan Parishad (legislative council) of Uttar Pradesh state was increased from 60 to 72. With the Constitution (Seventh Amendment) Act 1956,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18633955", "chunk_text": "\"Government of India\"\nthe Lok Sabha majority. In most other cases, however, the president exercises his or her executive powers on the advice of the prime minister. The vice president is the second highest constitutional position in India after the president. The vice president represents the nation in the absence of the president and takes charge as acting president in the incident of resignation impeachment or removal of the president. The vice president also has the legislative function of acting as the chairman of the Rajya Sabha. The vice president is elected indirectly by members of an electoral college consisting of the members", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17095415", "chunk_text": "\"Tamil Nadu Legislative Council\"\nappointed by the Governor himself. The presidents who came after them were chosen by the Council itself. During 1937-86, the presiding officer was called as the \"\"Chairman of the Council\"\". The following table lists the presiding officers of the Council. Tamil Nadu Legislative Council Tamil Nadu Legislative Council is the upper house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It began its existence as Madras Legislative Council, the first provincial legislature for Madras Presidency. It was initially created as an advisory body in 1861, by the British colonial government. It was established by the first Indian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12858739", "chunk_text": "\"Government of Puducherry\"\nopinion. Kiran Bedi is the present governor. The Governor enjoys many different types of powers: The legislature comprises the governor and the legislative assembly, which is the highest political organ in state. The governor has the power to summon the assembly or to close the same. All members of the legislative assembly are directly elected, normally once in every five years by the eligible voters who are above 18 years of age. The current assembly consists of 30 elected members and one member nominated by the governor from the Anglo-Indian Community. The elected members select one of its own members", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11662955", "chunk_text": "\"NITI Aayog\"\nfor ranking states), Indices Measuring States’ Performance in Health, Education and Water Management, Sub-Group of Chief Ministers on Rationalization of Centrally Sponsored Schemes, Sub-Group of Chief Ministers on Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, Sub-Group of Chief Ministers on Skill Development, Task Forces on Agriculture and Elimination of Poverty, and Transforming India Lecture Series. It was established in 2015, by the NDA government, to replace the Planning Commission which followed a top-down model. The Prime Minister is the Ex-officio chairman. The permanent members of the governing council are all the state Chief Ministers, along with the Chief Ministers of Delhi and Puducherry, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15779233", "chunk_text": "\"Bengal Legislative Council\"\nBengal Legislative Council The Bengal Legislative Council was the legislative council of British Bengal (now Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal). It was the primarily legislature of the Bengal Presidency during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. After reforms were adopted in 1937, it served as the upper chamber of the Bengali legislature until the partition of British India. Some of the notable popular orators of the assembly included A. K. Fazlul Huq (\"\"Lion of Bengal\"\"), and Sir Surendranath Banerjee. Their speeches in English have acquired significant fame and are recorded in numerous books and libraries. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_283	when was son of a preacher man released?	n/a	[ "late 1968", "November 8, 1968" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19767720", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\nSon of a Preacher Man \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" is a song written and composed by John Hurley and Ronnie Wilkins and recorded by British singer Dusty Springfield in September 1968 for the album \"\"Dusty in Memphis.\"\" Springfield's version was produced by Jerry Wexler, Tom Dowd, and Arif Mardin for her first album for the Atlantic Records label and became an international hit reaching #10 in the United States and #9 in her native United Kingdom when it was released in late 1968. The album \"\"Dusty in Memphis\"\" was released in stereo, though its singles were remixed and released", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19767726", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\nrecent years. The song is also featured in the 2016 video game \"\"Mafia III\"\". Son of a Preacher Man \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" is a song written and composed by John Hurley and Ronnie Wilkins and recorded by British singer Dusty Springfield in September 1968 for the album \"\"Dusty in Memphis.\"\" Springfield's version was produced by Jerry Wexler, Tom Dowd, and Arif Mardin for her first album for the Atlantic Records label and became an international hit reaching #10 in the United States and #9 in her native United Kingdom when it was released in late 1968. The album", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19767723", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\nb-side hit single \"\"Call Me\"\". The writers of \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" magazine placed Dusty Springfield's recording at #77 among \"\"The 100 Best Singles of the Last 25 Years\"\" in 1987. The record was placed at #43 of the \"\"Greatest Singles of All Time\"\" by the writers of \"\"New Musical Express\"\" in 2002. In 2004, the song made the \"\"Rolling Stone\"\" list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time at No. 240. In 1994, the song was featured in a scene of the film \"\"Pulp Fiction\"\". The film's soundtrack reached #21 on the Billboard 200 and went platinum (100,000 units) in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19855176", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man (Nancy Wilson album)\"\nhippest.\"\" Reviewer Jason Ankeny highlights \"\"Almost Persuaded\"\" and \"\"By the Time I Get to Phoenix,\"\" saying the songs \"\"boast an earthy appeal that contrasts sharply with Wilson's signature sophistication, pushing the singer in unexpected but fascinating directions.\"\" \"\"High Fidelity News\"\" hails the \"\"selection of killer blues and soul tracks,\"\" including the title song, \"\"delivered with such panache that you wonder why this ever went out of print.\"\" The album entered the Billboard 200 on July 5, 1969, peaking at #122. It achieved more success on Billboard's Hot R&B LPs, reaching #20 and staying on the chart for 23 weeks. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19855175", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man (Nancy Wilson album)\"\nSon of a Preacher Man (Nancy Wilson album) Son of a Preacher Man is a studio album by Nancy Wilson, released on Capitol Records in 1969. It was produced by David Cavanaugh, with arrangements and conducting by Jimmy Jones, Phil Wright, and Joe Parnello. Like other Wilson albums from the same time period, it features a combination of vocal jazz, soul, blues, and popular music, but it also contains songs by country artists Hank Cochran, Roger Miller, and Bobby Russell. AllMusic calls \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" a \"\"soulful, sexy collection,\"\" with \"\"percolating grooves [that] capture the singer at her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14613667", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man (album)\"\nSon of a Preacher Man (album) \"\"For the Dusty Springfield and Aretha Franklin song, see \"\"Son of a Preacher Man.\"\" \"\" Son of a Preacher Man is the third solo studio album by American country music artist John Rich, one half of the duo Big & Rich. Rich wrote or co-wrote all of the songs on the album. Originally slated for a May 2009 release on Warner Bros. Records, the same label to which Big & Rich are signed, \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" was released on March 24, 2009. The first single released from the album, \"\"Another You\"\", debuted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19767721", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\nin mono. \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" was to be the last Top Ten chart hit for Springfield for almost 20 years, till she teamed up with Pet Shop Boys for the single \"\"What Have I Done to Deserve This?\"\" in 1987. In 1967, while working at Muscle Shoals, Alabama, songwriters John Hurley and Ronnie Wilkins, who had recently had a hit with \"\"Love of the Common People\"\", were asked by Jerry Wexler to write a song for Aretha Franklin. Remembering the fact that Franklin's father was a preacher, as Wilkins's grandfather had been, Hurley and Wilkins quickly came up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19855177", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man (Nancy Wilson album)\"\n2013, SoulMusic Records released a digitally remastered version of the album, paired with Hurt So Bad, another Wilson record from the same time period. Son of a Preacher Man (Nancy Wilson album) Son of a Preacher Man is a studio album by Nancy Wilson, released on Capitol Records in 1969. It was produced by David Cavanaugh, with arrangements and conducting by Jimmy Jones, Phil Wright, and Joe Parnello. Like other Wilson albums from the same time period, it features a combination of vocal jazz, soul, blues, and popular music, but it also contains songs by country artists Hank Cochran, Roger", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19767724", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\nCanada alone. \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" helped to sell over two million units of the album and to help it reach number six on the charts according to SoundScan. Quentin Tarantino has been quoted, on the \"\"Collectors Edition\"\" DVD of \"\"Pulp Fiction\"\", as saying that he probably would not have filmed the scene in which the song is featured had he not been able to use it. The song is also featured in the film \"\"\"\", during scenes depicting Kenneth Lay, ex-Enron CEO and son of a Baptist minister, and on an episode of \"\"Hindsight\"\". In the 2008 television", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16075691", "chunk_text": "\"Peggy Little\"\nThe Ralph Emery Show. Little recorded for Dot Records and later was on the Epic Records label. Little left the music industry in the mid-1970s and has not sung professionally in decades. She currently resides in her native Texas. Peggy Little Peggy Little (born 1942) is an American country music singer best remembered for her country cover version of Dusty Springfield's \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" Little was born in Marlin, Texas and raised in Waco, Texas. She began her career as a child vocalist on local radio. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Little was a well-known figure", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11314680", "chunk_text": "\"John Hurley and Ronnie Wilkins\"\nHurley and Wilkins were asked by Jerry Wexler to write a song for Aretha Franklin. Remembering that Aretha's father was a preacher, as Wilkins' grandfather had been, they quickly came up with the song \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\". Wexler liked the song and recorded it with Aretha Franklin, but her version was not released and Wexler passed the song on to Dusty Springfield for her album \"\"Dusty in Memphis\"\". Released as a single in 1968, Springfield's version reached number 9 on the UK singles chart and number 10 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. In 1993, the song was sampled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14220435", "chunk_text": "\"Preachers Son\"\nand the United States. In 2012, Preachers Son won the best music video at the Los Angeles Film and Script Festival for the song \"\"Come On\"\", as well as being screened at the London International Film Festival. Preachers Son's latest release came in August 2014 with the studio album \"\"10 Stories Tall\"\" recorded in Los Angeles, finished and produced by Warren Huart with earlier production work on several tracks by Marc Urselli. Preacher's Son has collaborated with many musical artists since their inception, including Kenny Wollesen and Gavin Friday. Preachers Son Preachers Son is an Irish musical group based in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17045994", "chunk_text": "\"American Sound Studio\"\nreceived the Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 2001. International readers and viewers polls list the record among the one hundred greatest albums of all time. The LP's standout track \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" was an international Top 10 hit in 1969. The Box Tops recorded Wayne Carson Thompson's \"\"The Letter\"\". Though under two minutes in length, it was an international hit in late 1967, reaching Billboard's number-one position and remaining there for four weeks. The record, produced by Dan Penn, sold over four million copies and received two Grammy Awards nominations. Their single \"\"Cry Like a Baby\"\" was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4896409", "chunk_text": "\"The Preacher's Son\"\nThe Preacher's Son The Preacher's Son is the fourth studio album by Haitian rapper Wyclef Jean, released on November 4, 2003. The album, which was co-produced by Jean and long-time collaborator Jerry 'Wonda' Duplessis, combines elements of Hip hop, Reggae and Reggae fusion, and uses a number of samples, including the Motown-inspired \"\"Industry\"\", which samples \"\"What Becomes of the Brokenhearted\"\". The album contains guest appearances of the likes of Missy Elliott, Patti LaBelle, Rah Digga and Redman, as well as a guitar feature by Carlos Santana on the song \"\"Three Nights In Rio\"\". Three singles were released from the album.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18752825", "chunk_text": "\"How Can I Be Sure\"\nthe US and UK Top 10 hit \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\"). Despite several promotional television and radio appearances and glowing reviews from the press, the single only spent one week in the UK Top 40 and only four weeks total on the chart. The song was issued specifically for the British market and would not be issued in America until the release of \"\"The Dusty Springfield Anthology\"\" in 1997. \"\"Spooky\"\" is a cover of the Classics IV hit and was recorded in January 1968 but left unused for almost three years until it featured as the b-side to this", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14613670", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man (album)\"\ndoesn’t effectively channel the emotions his grandfather’s service evokes within him and his phrasing and lyrics end up straining both rhythmically and logically to make his points.\"\" After a short chart run, it reached a peak of number 56. Son of a Preacher Man (album) \"\"For the Dusty Springfield and Aretha Franklin song, see \"\"Son of a Preacher Man.\"\" \"\" Son of a Preacher Man is the third solo studio album by American country music artist John Rich, one half of the duo Big & Rich. Rich wrote or co-wrote all of the songs on the album. Originally slated for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10511236", "chunk_text": "\"Dusty in Memphis\"\nDusty in Memphis Dusty in Memphis is the fifth studio album by English singer Dusty Springfield. She recorded the album at American Sound Studio in Memphis with a team of musicians and producers that included Jerry Wexler, Arif Mardin, Tom Dowd, conductor Gene Orloff, backing vocalists The Sweet Inspirations, bassist Tommy Cogbill, and guitarist Reggie Young. It featured one of her top-10 UK hits, \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\". Although \"\"Dusty in Memphis\"\" sold poorly when it was first released by Atlantic Records in 1969, the album has since been acclaimed by critics as one of the greatest records of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11449592", "chunk_text": "\"Dusty in Memphis\"\nDusty in Memphis Dusty in Memphis is the fifth studio album by English singer Dusty Springfield. She recorded the album at American Sound Studio in Memphis with a team of musicians and producers that included Jerry Wexler, Arif Mardin, Tom Dowd, conductor Gene Orloff, backing vocalists The Sweet Inspirations, bassist Tommy Cogbill, and guitarist Reggie Young. It featured one of her top-10 UK hits, \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\". Although \"\"Dusty in Memphis\"\" sold poorly when it was first released by Atlantic Records in 1969, the album has since been acclaimed by critics as one of the greatest records of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14249201", "chunk_text": "\"Sweet Jesus, Preacherman\"\nSweet Jesus, Preacherman Sweet Jesus, Preacherman is a 1973 American blaxploitation action film directed by Henning Schellerup, written by John Cerullo, M. Stuart Madden and Abbey Leitch, and starring Roger E. Mosley, William Smith, Michael Pataki, Tom Johnigarn, Joe Tornatore and Damu King. It was released on May 25, 1973, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Holmes is a hitman who has nailed one victim after another. Having iced a large number of them, he is sent by his boss Martelli to infiltrate a section of the black quarter of the inner city. To do this, he becomes Reverend Lee, a Baptist preacher who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19767722", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\nwith \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\". Wexler liked the song and recorded it with Aretha Franklin, but then decided that it did not fit with her other songs and passed the song on to Dusty Springfield for her album \"\"Dusty in Memphis\"\". The song was recorded by Franklin's older sister Erma, who included it on her 1969 Brunswick album \"\"Soul Sister\"\". Not till after hearing Springfield's version did Franklin reconsider; when she did release the song herself, including it on her 1970 album, \"\"This Girl's in Love with You\"\", her version charted only as a less popular a-side of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15821888", "chunk_text": "\"Preacher's Kid (film)\"\nPreacher's Kid (film) Preacher's Kid is a 2010 American Christian drama film directed by Stan Foster, loosely based on the Parable of the Prodigal Son. Original songs and score are composed by recording artist and music producer Tim Miner. The film was written and directed by Stan Foster, and stars LeToya Luckett, Durrell \"\"Tank\"\" Babbs, Clifton Powell, Gregory Alan Williams, Rae'Ven Larrymore Kelly, Kiki Sheard, Sharif Atkins, Tammy Townsend, and Essence Atkins. The film was released to theaters on January 29, 2010 by Warner Premiere. Small-town preacher's kid Angie King leaves the church and her Augusta, GA home to pursue", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16075690", "chunk_text": "\"Peggy Little\"\nPeggy Little Peggy Little (born 1942) is an American country music singer best remembered for her country cover version of Dusty Springfield's \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" Little was born in Marlin, Texas and raised in Waco, Texas. She began her career as a child vocalist on local radio. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Little was a well-known figure to country music audiences with several charting records and multiple appearances on country music programs such as Hee Haw. She also made guest appearances on The Mike Douglas Show, Wilbourn Brothers Show, Bill Anderson Show, Del Reeves Show, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11387542", "chunk_text": "\"Dusty Springfield\"\nlisted among the greatest albums of all time by \"\"Rolling Stone\"\", and in polls by VH1 artists, \"\"New Musical Express\"\" readers, and Channel 4 viewers. In November 1968 the lead single from the album, \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\", was issued. It was written by John Hurley and Ronnie Wilkins. It reached No. 10 on the UK, US and international singles charts. Its best results in continental Europe were No. 10 on the Austrian charts and No. 3 on the Swiss charts. It was the 96th most popular song of 1969 in the US. It earned Springfield a nomination for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9887644", "chunk_text": "Preacherman\nPreacherman Preacherman is a 1971 American comedy film written, directed, and starring Albert T. Viola. The film revolves around a backwoods con artist posing as a country preacher, who, during a sojourn in a small North Carolina town, alternately misleads a local landowner to take advantage of his daughter, but also helps him sell moonshine to get revenge on a rival. Initially released mostly to theatres in the American south by small distributor Variety Films, the modestly-budgeted film grossed over $5 million, spawning a sequel, Preacherman Meets Widderwoman, in 1973. It was later widely distributed on home video by Troma", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14613668", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man (album)\"\non the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot Country Songs chart at number 51 for the week of January 24, 2009. The song's chart run was supplanted by \"\"Shuttin' Detroit Down\"\", a last-minute addition to the album. \"\"Shuttin' Detroit Down\"\" was not originally planned to be included on \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\". Rich co-wrote the song with fellow country singer John Anderson, and sent the song to radio in late January 2009, thus halting the chart run of \"\"Another You\"\". \"\"Shuttin' Detroit Down\"\" debuted at number 34 on the country charts, giving Rich his first solo Top 40 single of his career. It", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14613669", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Preacher Man (album)\"\nreached a peak of number 12 after nine weeks on the chart. After the release of \"\"Shuttin' Detroit Down\"\", the album's release date was moved up to March. \"\"The Good Lord and the Man\"\" is the third release to radio from \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\". The single debuted at number 59 on the Hot Country Songs chart for the chart week of July 4, 2009. The single received a thumbs-down from Karlie Justus of Engine 145, who said, \"\"Unfortunately, whatever authentic patriotism Rich conjures up in the opening verses is instantly discredited by the song’s uncomfortably off-putting chorus. Rich", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14249202", "chunk_text": "\"Sweet Jesus, Preacherman\"\ncomes to the local church to preach. Finding that other thugs are there, he decides to take the entire section for himself. Sweet Jesus, Preacherman Sweet Jesus, Preacherman is a 1973 American blaxploitation action film directed by Henning Schellerup, written by John Cerullo, M. Stuart Madden and Abbey Leitch, and starring Roger E. Mosley, William Smith, Michael Pataki, Tom Johnigarn, Joe Tornatore and Damu King. It was released on May 25, 1973, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Holmes is a hitman who has nailed one victim after another. Having iced a large number of them, he is sent by his boss Martelli to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2769496", "chunk_text": "\"Son of Dave\"\nShake A Bone was featured as the last song in the premier episode of Preacher an AMC series based on the comic book of the same title. Son of Dave Benjamin Darvill (born January 4, 1967), known by his stage name Son of Dave, is a Canadian musician and singer–songwriter, based in the United Kingdom. He was a member of Grammy award-winning folk rock band Crash Test Dummies in which he played harmonica, mandolin, guitar and percussion before returning to his blues, Beat-Box and harmonica driven solo work in 2000. SOD was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He was inspired to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19381764", "chunk_text": "\"Girl of Your Dreams\"\nGirl of Your Dreams Girl Of Your Dreams is the second record from country music singer-songwriter Bobbie Cryner. It was her first album on MCA Records. This disc does share some similarities with the first record; mainly that of the 10 songs, three are self-penned, two are co-written, and the others are from outside songwriters. Two of the tracks are covers: Dusty Springfield's \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" and Dottie West's \"\"A Lesson in Leaving.\"\" The album featured another three singles. The first, \"\"I Just Can't Stand to Be Unhappy\"\", was written by Hugh Prestwood and peaked at number 63", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18692608", "chunk_text": "\"Tom Goss (musician)\"\nhear him tell it, he's having the time of his life.\"\" In 2015, Goss moved to Los Angeles and began focusing more of his energy on producing new, dynamic and groundbreaking music videos. Crowdfunded with the help of Kickstarter, Goss produced and released Breath and Sound and Son of a Preacher Man. Both videos received critical acclaim. New Now Next called Breath and Sound 'Dazzling,' while The Daily Beast called Son of a Preacher Man \"\"Moving and Beautifully Composed,\"\" and The Huffington Post called it \"\"A powerful, somber take on a Dusti Springfield classic.\"\" In August 2016 Goss released his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5528745", "chunk_text": "\"Preacher's kid\"\nchildren were growing up. Often the children were criticized because of who their father was. An enduring image from popular music is presented in the hit song \"\"Son of a Preacher Man,\"\" a ballad of young love remembered, places the minister's son as a \"\"sweet-talkin' son of a preacher man\"\", who is possibly more sensitive to women and thus able to emotionally reach the girl who claims that, \"\"The only one who could ever reach me/Was the son of a preacher man/The only boy who could ever teach me/Was the son of a preacher man.\"\" Versions of the recording from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13805380", "chunk_text": "\"Tommy Cogbill\"\nof the studio's house rhythm section, known as the Memphis Boys. One of the best-known recordings featuring his bassline was Dusty Springfield's 1969 hit \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\", produced by Jerry Wexler and Tom Dowd. Other major artists he recorded with include King Curtis, Joe Tex, Elvis Presley, Aretha Franklin, Dobie Gray, Kris Kristofferson, J. J. Cale, Wilson Pickett (Cogbill played the bassline on \"\"Funky Broadway\"\"), Chuck Berry, Dolly Parton, Bob Seger, and Neil Diamond. He also played bass on King Curtis's single \"\"Memphis Soul Stew\"\" in 1967. Cogbill died of a stroke on December 7, 1982, in Nashville.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4896410", "chunk_text": "\"The Preacher's Son\"\nThe lead single, \"\"Party to Damascus\"\", was the only single served to international radio. \"\"Industry\"\" served as a European-only single, with some territories, including Germany, releasing it as a double A-side with \"\"Party to Damascus\"\". \"\"Take Me As I Am\"\" was released as a US-only radio single in March 2004, with a new \"\"Urban Remix\"\" being serviced to certain radio stations. The Preacher's Son The Preacher's Son is the fourth studio album by Haitian rapper Wyclef Jean, released on November 4, 2003. The album, which was co-produced by Jean and long-time collaborator Jerry 'Wonda' Duplessis, combines elements of Hip hop,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3437620", "chunk_text": "\"Sylvia Vrethammar\"\nSylvia Vrethammar Eva Sylvia Vrethammar (born 22 August 1945, Uddevalla, Sweden), is a Swedish traditional pop and jazz singer. She is the daughter of Harald Vrethammar, an education official, and Britta Vrethammar, a musical education teacher, specializing in the piano. In 1969, she released a Swedish-language cover version of Dusty Springfield's \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\", entitled \"\"En lärling på våran gård\"\". Vrethammar is also fluent in English. In the 1970s, she occasionally appeared as guest singer with the Bert Kaempfert orchestra, singing in English. After a series of tribute concerts in Germany in 2006 and 2008, where she returned", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13038747", "chunk_text": "\"Big & Rich\"\nfollowed by another Top 20 single the Vietnam War-inspired \"\"8th of November\"\", and two more Top 40 hits. Joining the duo on this album were Cowboy Troy, Wilson, and Kris Kristofferson. \"\"Between Raising Hell and Amazing Grace\"\", released in 2007, produced their only No. 1 single, \"\"Lost in This Moment\"\". Both before and during the duo's hiatus, Rich has worked as a producer and songwriter for several other artists. After this album, both members went on hiatus and released solo albums in 2009—Big Kenny's \"\"The Quiet Times of a Rock and Roll Farm Boy\"\" and Rich's \"\"Son of a Preacher", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15821889", "chunk_text": "\"Preacher's Kid (film)\"\na dream of singing stardom. Luckett plays Angie, the daughter of a stern but loving bishop, whose attraction to the hunky star (Tank) of a traveling gospel show takes her on the road...and into romance, heartbreak and the realization that happiness may lie in the home she left behind. \"\"Preacher's Kid\"\" was released to 109 theaters on January 29, 2010. Gen8X committed to donate the film's opening day net proceeds to humanitarian aid for 2010 Haiti earthquake relief through charities such as Smile of a Child, Friend Ships, and Samaritan's Purse. In its opening weekend, it grossed $190,638, which equals", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7055806", "chunk_text": "\"Bobbie Cryner\"\nMay 14, 1994. Cryner left Epic Records for MCA Records to record her second album, \"\"Girl of Your Dreams\"\". The album was produced by Tony Brown, head of MCA Records. The second album featured a more straight-ahead, contemporary country. As with the first, Cryner wrote five of the songs on the album, with the other five coming from outside songwriters, including her cover of \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\". The album was heralded by the first single and video, \"\"I Just Can't Stand To Be Unhappy,\"\" which was written by noted songwriter Hugh Prestwood and entered the country charts on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6160229", "chunk_text": "\"The Preacher's Wife (soundtrack)\"\nalbum debuted straight at number one on the chart and spent 26 consecutive weeks at the top from December 14, 1996 to June 7, 1997. It remained on the chart for 117 weeks. Eventually the album became number one gospel album on the 1997 \"\"Billboard\"\" Top Gospel Albums year-end chart and also \"\"Best-selling gospel recording\"\" by the National Association of Recording Merchandisers (NARM) in 1996-1997. It was certified 3× Platinum for shipping 3 million copies in the United States alone by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on June 30, 1998. According to the Nielsen SoundScan, as of 2012,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8902329", "chunk_text": "\"John Rich\"\nBy 2003, he joined Big Kenny to form the duo Big & Rich, who released three albums on Warner Bros. Records as well as ten singles, including the Number One \"\"Lost in This Moment\"\". After Big & Rich went on hiatus in 2007, Rich began work on a third solo album, \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\", which has produced two more chart singles. In 2011, Rich released two extended plays, \"\"Rich Rocks\"\" and \"\"For the Kids\"\", before re-establishing Big & Rich in 2012. John Rich graduated from Dickson County Senior High in Dickson, Tennessee and after graduation moved to Nashville", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14951505", "chunk_text": "\"The Preacher's Wife\"\nThe Preacher's Wife The Preacher's Wife is a 1996 American family film directed by Penny Marshall and starring Denzel Washington, Whitney Houston, and Courtney B. Vance. It is a remake of the 1947 film \"\"The Bishop's Wife\"\", which in turn was based on the novel of the same name by Robert Nathan. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Music, Original Musical or Comedy Score. The film was nominated for five Image Awards, including Outstanding Motion Picture, and won two—for Best Actress (Whitney Houston) and Best Supporting Actress (Loretta Devine). A voiceover by the child Jeremiah (Justin Pierre", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14014526", "chunk_text": "\"Dusty Springfield\"\nmarket, scoring 18 singles in the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 from 1964 to 1970 including six in the top 20. The music press considers her an iconic figure of the Swinging Sixties. Quentin Tarantino caused a revival of interest in her music in 1994 by including \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\" in the \"\"Pulp Fiction\"\" soundtrack, which sold over three million copies. In that same year, in the documentary, \"\"Dusty Springfield: Full Circle\"\", guests of her 1965 \"\"Sound of Motown\"\" show credited Springfield's efforts with popularising US soul music in the UK. In 2008, country/blues singer-songwriter Shelby Lynne recorded a tribute", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11701109", "chunk_text": "\"We've Come a Long Way, Baby\"\n\"\"We've Come a Long Way, Baby\"\", recorded on June 28 and June 29, 1976 , respectively. \"\"Between the Preacher and the Lawyer\"\" was the third song to be released from the September 29, 1976 session. The newest recordings to be featured on the album were \"\"I Can't Feel You Anymore\"\" and \"\"Standing at Our Bedroom Door\"\", both recorded on February 3, 1978. Album – Billboard (North America) Singles – Billboard (North America) We've Come a Long Way, Baby We've Come a Long Way, Baby is the thirtieth studio album by American country music singer-songwriter Loretta Lynn. It was released on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5471860", "chunk_text": "\"John Hurley and Ronnie Wilkins\"\nJohn Hurley and Ronnie Wilkins John David Hurley (April 18, 1941 – August 16, 1986) and Ronald Stephen Wilkins (born October 8, 1941) were American musicians and songwriting partners responsible for writing the hit songs \"\"Love of the Common People\"\" and \"\"Son of a Preacher Man\"\". Hurley also recorded three albums in the 1970s. John Hurley was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. As a child, he performed in Pittsburgh barrooms with his uncle, and co-hosted a local radio show. He also sang with the Pittsburgh Opera Company before discovering rock and roll and moving to Nashville. He joined the Tree music", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8673722", "chunk_text": "\"Preacher's Kid (film)\"\nunlikely in many spots and, despite the few hard-edges of his script, could have used a tougher sensibility. The results are a movie that doesn't quite know what it wants to be. But, overall it was a good movie.\"\" Preacher's Kid (film) Preacher's Kid is a 2010 American Christian drama film directed by Stan Foster, loosely based on the Parable of the Prodigal Son. Original songs and score are composed by recording artist and music producer Tim Miner. The film was written and directed by Stan Foster, and stars LeToya Luckett, Durrell \"\"Tank\"\" Babbs, Clifton Powell, Gregory Alan Williams, Rae'Ven", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16848983", "chunk_text": "\"Preacher Stone\"\nand Europe as headliner and as the supporting act for artists such as Blackberry Smoke, ZZ Top, Black Stone Cherry, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Molly Hatchet, The Outlaws, Shooter Jennings, Lucinda Williams, Steve Earle, Charlie Daniels, Marshall Tucker, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Dan Baird and Homemade Sin. The band released their first album in 2009. Their song \"\"Not Today\"\" from their debut album appeared in \"\"Sons of Anarchy\"\" seasons 3 and season 5. They released their second album \"\"Uncle Buck’s Vittles\"\" in 2010. Two songs from their second album were featured in an American independent film \"\"Snitch\"\" and in Edward Furlong's 2011 movie \"\"Absolute", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3913117", "chunk_text": "\"Son of a Son of a Sailor\"\nSon of a Son of a Sailor Son of a Son of a Sailor is the eighth studio album by American popular music singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett. It was initially released in March 1978 as ABC Dunhill AA-1046 and later rereleased on its successor label, MCA. \"\"Son of a Son of a Sailor\"\" reached #10 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 album chart and #6 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Top Country Albums chart. The album was also certified \"\"Platinum\"\" by the RIAA. Three singles from the album charted including \"\"Cheeseburger in Paradise\"\" (#32 on the \"\"Billboard Hot\"\" 100), \"\"Livingston Saturday Night\"\" (#52 Hot 100;", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11566111", "chunk_text": "\"Preacher Man\"\nPreacher Man \"\"Preacher Man\"\" is a song recorded by English girl group Bananarama. It appears on the group's fifth studio album \"\"Pop Life\"\" and was released as the album's second single. The track was co-written and produced by Youth with additional production and remix by Shep Pettibone. \"\"Tripping on Your Love\"\" had been originally slated as the second single from the album, and some promotional singles of the song were sent to radio stations in late 1990. Around this time, group member Sara Dallin contracted meningitis, which delayed the release of the single some months. When she recovered, London Records", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1290800", "chunk_text": "\"Music from the Motion Picture Pulp Fiction\"\nas Vincent and Mia enter Jackrabbit Slim's. The soundtrack reached No. 21 on the Billboard 200, and at the time, went platinum (100,000 units) in Canada alone. By November 12, 1994, total sales of more than 1.6 million were reached and by 1996 over 2 million units had been sold. In 1995 the soundtrack reached No. 6 on the charts according to SoundScan. The soundtrack helped launch the band Urge Overkill, which covered Neil Diamond's \"\"Girl, You'll Be a Woman Soon\"\" (produced by Kramer) in 1993, into a mainstream market. Sony \"\"received a nice sum\"\" for \"\"Son of a Preacher", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17814063", "chunk_text": "\"Red Headed Stranger\"\nat $14 million and sent the script to Robert Redford, who turned it down. The movie project was tabled, and Wittliff and Nelson had to buy the script back from Universal. The script then went to HBO, who assigned the project a budget of $5 million, but this project was not completed either. Finally, Nelson and Wittliff decided to finance the film themselves. Nelson portrayed the role of the stranger, and the movie was released in 1986. The first track, \"\"Time of the Preacher\"\", was used in Bob Dylan's 1978 film \"\"Renaldo and Clara\"\" and episodes of the 1985 television", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1775885", "chunk_text": "\"John Hurley and Ronnie Wilkins\"\nGregory's 1981 country hit \"\"Just Like Me\"\", co-written with Dene Anton, Wilkins worked as a session musician on keyboards with Jose Feliciano, Jerry Reed, Floyd Cramer and others. He also toured with Loggins and Messina and as a member of Roger Miller's band. He moved from Los Angeles in 2004 to live in Fillmore, California. John Hurley and Ronnie Wilkins John David Hurley (April 18, 1941 – August 16, 1986) and Ronald Stephen Wilkins (born October 8, 1941) were American musicians and songwriting partners responsible for writing the hit songs \"\"Love of the Common People\"\" and \"\"Son of a Preacher", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_284	when did the first train run in england?	n/a	[ "1560s", "As early as 1671", "1830", "1804" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13727570", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport\"\ninfrastructure necessary for rapid industrial growth was put in place. The first railway in Belgium, running from northern Brussels to Mechelen, was completed in May 1835. The earliest railway in Britain was a wagonway system, a horse drawn wooden rail system, used by German miners at Caldbeck, Cumbria, England, perhaps from the 1560s. A wagonway was built at Prescot, near Liverpool, sometime around 1600, possibly as early as 1594. Owned by Philip Layton, the line carried coal from a pit near Prescot Hall to a terminus about half a mile away. On 26 July 1803, Jessop opened the Surrey Iron", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7498109", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830\"\ngeneral merchandise. The line was in length, had 100 passing loops along its single track, and four branch lines to collieries. It opened on 27 September 1825. The first train was hauled by Stephenson's \"\"Locomotion No 1\"\" at speeds of . Four locomotives named \"\"Locomotion\"\" were constructed; they were effectively beam engines on wheels with vertical cylinders. They were also amongst the first locomotives to use coupling rods rather than chains to drive their wheels. The railway was initially operated like a public road, and it was a common occurrence for waggoners' trains to meet on the single track, leading", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1634961", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830\"\nHistory of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830 The history of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830 covers the period up to the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the world's first intercity passenger railway operated solely by steam locomotives. The earliest form of railways, horse-drawn wagonways, originated in Germany in the 16th century. Soon wagonways were also build in Britain. However, the first use of steam locomotives was in Britain. The invention of wrought iron rails, together with Richard Trevithick's pioneering steam locomotive meant that Britain had the first modern railways in the world. A wagonway", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13098750", "chunk_text": "\"Steam locomotive\"\n20th century. The first steam locomotive, made by Richard Trevithick, first operated on 21 February 1804, three years after the road locomotive he made in 1801. The first commercially successful steam locomotive was created in 1812–13 by John Blenkinsop. Built by George Stephenson and his son Robert's company Robert Stephenson and Company, the \"\"Locomotion\"\" No. 1 is the first steam locomotive to carry passengers on a public rail line, the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1825. George also built the first public inter-city railway line in the world to use locomotives, the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, which opened in 1830.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14308940", "chunk_text": "\"Transport in the United Kingdom\"\nmain lines (the West Coast, East Coast, Midland, Great Western and Great Eastern), which radiate from London to the rest of the country, augmented by regional rail lines and dense commuter networks within the major cities. High Speed 1 is operationally separate from the rest of the network, and is built to the same standard as the TGV system in France. The world's first passenger railway running on steam was the Stockton and Darlington Railway, opened on 27 September 1825. Just under five years later the world's first intercity railway was the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, designed by George Stephenson", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18201091", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain\"\ncarts with simple flanged iron wheels were drawn by horses, enabling several wagons to be moved simultaneously. The first public railway in the world was the Lake Lock Rail Road, a narrow gauge railway built near Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England. Although the idea of wooden-railed wagonways originated in Germany in the 16th century, the first use of steam locomotives was in Britain. Its earliest \"\"railways\"\" were straight and were constructed from parallel rails of timber on which ran horse-drawn carts. These were succeeded in 1793 when Benjamin Outram constructed a mile-long tramway with L-shaped cast iron rails. These rails became", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13727543", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport\"\nat Caldbeck, Cumbria, possibly in the 1560s. A wagonway was built at Prescot, near Liverpool, sometime around 1600, possibly as early as 1594. Owned by Philip Layton, the line carried coal from a pit near Prescot Hall to a terminus about half a mile away. A funicular railway was made at Broseley in Shropshire some time before 1604. This carried coal for James Clifford from his mines down to the river Severn to be loaded onto barges and carried to riverside towns. The Wollaton Wagonway, completed in 1604 by Huntingdon Beaumont, has sometimes erroneously been cited as the earliest British", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1634980", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830\"\nSeptember 1830 with termini at Liverpool Road, Manchester (now part of the Museum of Science and Industry in Manchester) and Edge Hill, Liverpool. History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830 The history of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830 covers the period up to the opening of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the world's first intercity passenger railway operated solely by steam locomotives. The earliest form of railways, horse-drawn wagonways, originated in Germany in the 16th century. Soon wagonways were also build in Britain. However, the first use of steam locomotives was in Britain. The invention of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9628639", "chunk_text": "\"Rail freight in Great Britain\"\nthe movement of mine wagons steered by hand. In Nottingham, 1603, a tramway was constructed to transport coal from mines near Strelley to Wollaton. Horse-drawn lines were increasingly common by the 18th and early 19th centuries, chiefly to haul bulk materials from mines to canal wharves or areas of consumption. The world's first steam locomotive engine was demonstrated by Richard Trevithick in 1804. Steam powered rail freight operated regularly on the Middleton Railway, near Leeds, long before any passenger services. Many of the early railways of Britain carried goods, including the Stockton and Darlington Railway and the Liverpool and Manchester", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1634967", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830\"\nRailway obtained an Act of Parliament on 21 May 1801 to build a tramroad between Wandsworth and Croydon in what is now south London; the engineer was William Jessop. Although it survived only until 1845 and was for freight traffic only, it prefaced many others in different parts of the country. Meanwhile, the first passenger-carrying public railway was the Oystermouth Railway, authorised in 1807. All three of these railways were initially worked by horses; the Surrey Iron Railway remained horse-drawn throughout its life. The Kilmarnock and Troon Railway was authorised by Act of Parliament on 27 May 1808 and was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1634968", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830\"\nalso built by William Jessop. It was the first line in Scotland to carry passengers. The line began life as a gauge waggonway and at first it was operated by horses, but in 1817 locomotive haulage was trialled, using one of Stephenson's locomotives. This was the first use of a steam locomotive in Scotland. The first steam railway locomotive was introduced by Richard Trevithick in 1804. He was the first engineer to build a successful high-pressure stationary steam engine, in 1799. He followed this with a road going steam carriage in 1801. Although that experiment ended in failure, in 1802", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18201086", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain\"\nHistory of rail transport in Great Britain The railway system of Great Britain, the principal territory of the United Kingdom, is the oldest in the world. It was started with the building of local isolated wooden wagonways starting in 1560s. The system was later built as a patchwork of local rail links operated by small private railway companies in late 18th century. These isolated links developed during the railway boom of the 1840s into a national network, although still run by dozens of competing companies. Over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries, these amalgamated or were bought", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18201092", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain\"\nobsolete when William Jessop began to manufacture cast iron rails without guiding ledges - the wheels of the carts had flanges instead. Cast iron is brittle and so the rails tended to break easily. Consequently, in 1820, John Birkenshaw introduced a method of rolling wrought iron rails, which were used from then onwards. The first passenger-carrying public railway was opened by the Swansea and Mumbles Railway at Oystermouth in 1807, using horse-drawn carriages on an existing tramline. In 1802, Richard Trevithick designed and built the first (unnamed) steam locomotive to run on smooth rails. The first commercially successful steam locomotive", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "507695", "chunk_text": "\"South East England\"\n16G. The Miles M.52, designed at Woodley Aerodrome in Berkshire by Miles Aircraft, was an advanced design of aircraft which had the innovation of the \"\"flying tail\"\" or \"\"all-moving tail\"\" also known as a stabilator; this would solve the problem of stability and aircraft control at supersonic speeds, and its design was taken wholesale into the American Bell X-1, the first supersonic aircraft. On 3 May 1830 the world's first passenger train service, the Canterbury and Whitstable Railway (6 miles) built by George Stephenson, began, hauled by the locomotive \"\"Invicta\"\" and introduced the world's first railway season ticket in 1834.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20522467", "chunk_text": "\"British steam railcars\"\nadditional carriages or goods wagons. After trials in 1924, the London and North Eastern Railway and the London, Midland and Scottish Railway purchased between them a total of 102 railcars using high speed steam motors from Sentinel-Cammell and Claytons in the late 1920s. These had all been withdrawn by 1947. The first steam railcar was designed by James Samuel, the Eastern Counties Railway Locomotive Engineer, built by William Bridges Adams in 1847, and trialled between Shoreditch and Cambridge on 23 October 1847. An experimental unit, long with a small vertical boiler and passenger accommodation was a bench seat around a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18201095", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain\"\nand, with the aid of Stephenson's \"\"Locomotion No 1\"\", was the first locomotive-hauled public railway in the world. In 1830 the Liverpool and Manchester Railway opened. This set the pattern for modern railways. It was the world's first inter-city passenger railway and the first to have 'scheduled' services, terminal stations and services as we know them today. The railways carried freight and passengers with also the world's first goods terminal station at the Park Lane railway goods station at Liverpool's south docks, accessed by the 1.26 mile Wapping Tunnel. In 1836, at the Liverpool end the line was extended to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1095509", "chunk_text": "\"Public transport\"\nomnibus, the first organized public transit system within a city, appears to have originated in Paris, France, in 1662, although the service in question failed a few months after its founder, Blaise Pascal, died in August 1662; omnibuses are next known to have appeared in Nantes, France, in 1826. The omnibus was introduced to London in July 1829. The first passenger horse-drawn railway opened in 1806: it ran between Swansea and Mumbles in southwest Wales in the United Kingdom. In 1825 George Stephenson built the \"\"Locomotion\"\" for the Stockton and Darlington Railway in northeast England, the first public steam railway", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9230083", "chunk_text": "Locomotive\non the locomotive itself or in wagons called \"\"tenders\"\" pulled behind. The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick in 1802. It was constructed for the Coalbrookdale ironworks in Shropshire in the United Kingdom though no record of it working there has survived. On 21 February 1804, the first recorded steam-hauled railway journey took place as another of Trevithick's locomotives hauled a train from the Pen-y-darren ironworks, in Merthyr Tydfil, to Abercynon in South Wales. Accompanied by Andrew Vivian, it ran with mixed success. The design incorporated a number of important innovations including the use of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10928628", "chunk_text": "\"Locomotion No. 1\"\nLocomotion No. 1 Locomotion\"\" No. 1 (originally named Active\"\") was an early steam locomotive built by the pioneering railway engineers George and Robert Stephenson at their manufacturing firm, Robert Stephenson and Company. It became the first steam locomotive to haul a passenger carrying train on a public railway, the Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR). \"\"Locomotion No. 1\"\" was ordered by the Stockton and Darlington Railway Company in September 1824; its design benefitted from George Stephenson's experience building his series of Killingworth locomotives. It is believed that \"\"Locomotion No. 1\"\" was the first locomotive to make use of coupling rods to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15905816", "chunk_text": "\"Rail transport\"\na terminus about half a mile away. A funicular railway was also made at Broseley in Shropshire some time before 1604. This carried coal for James Clifford from his mines down to the river Severn to be loaded onto barges and carried to riverside towns. The Wollaton Wagonway, completed in 1604 by Huntingdon Beaumont, has sometimes erroneously been cited as the earliest British railway. It ran from Strelley to Wollaton near Nottingham. The Middleton Railway in Leeds, which was built in 1758, later became the world's oldest operational railway (other than funiculars), albeit now in an upgraded form. In 1764,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7498110", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830\"\nto arguments as to who should back up to a passing loop. The first public steam railway in Scotland was the Monkland and Kirkintilloch Railway. An Act of Parliament authorising the railway was passed in 1824, and it opened in 1826 as a gauge, Scotch gauge, railway. The Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR) was the world's first intercity passenger railway in which all the trains were timetabled and operated by steam locomotives. This differed from the Stockton and Darlington, as sections of this line employed cable haulage, and only the coal trains were hauled by locomotives. Further, horse-drawn traffic could", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18201094", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain\"\nA year later, George Stephenson improved on that design with his first locomotive \"\"Blücher\"\", which was the first locomotive to use single-flanged wheels. That design persuaded the backers of the proposed Stockton and Darlington Railway to appoint Stephenson as Engineer for the line in 1821. While traffic was originally intended to be horse-drawn, Stephenson carried out a fresh survey of the route to allow steam haulage. The Act was subsequently amended to allow the usage of steam locomotives and also to allow passengers to be carried on the railway. The 25-mile (40 km) long route opened on 27 September 1825", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3340024", "chunk_text": "\"Northern England\"\nit remains higher than in most areas of the South. The North of England pioneered rail transport. Milestones include the 1758 Middleton Railway in Leeds, the first railway authorised by Act of Parliament and the oldest continually operating in the world; the 1825 Stockton and Darlington Railway, the first public railway to use steam locomotives; and the 1830 Liverpool and Manchester Railway, the first modern main line. Today the region retains many of its original railway lines, including the East Coast and West Coast main lines and the Cross Country Route. Passenger numbers on Northern routes increased over 50% between", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13257210", "chunk_text": "\"Rail transport in Great Britain\"\nRail transport in Great Britain The railway system in Great Britain is the oldest in the world. The first locomotive-hauled public railway opened in 1825, which was followed by an era of rapid expansion. Whilst the network suffered gradual attrition from about 1900 onwards, and more severe rationalisation in the 1950s and 1960s, the network has again been growing since the 1980s. Most of the track is managed by Network Rail, which in 2017 had a network of of standard-gauge lines, of which were electrified. These lines range from single to quadruple track or more. In addition, some cities have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18918856", "chunk_text": "\"Great Western Railway\"\nit is currently, and appropriately, a part of the First Great Western fleet. Great Western Railway The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a British railway company that linked London with the south-west and west of England, the Midlands, and most of Wales. It was founded in 1833, received its enabling Act of Parliament on 31 August 1835 and ran its first trains in 1838. It was engineered by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, who chose a broad gauge of —later slightly widened to —but, from 1854, a series of amalgamations saw it also operate standard-gauge trains; the last broad-gauge services were operated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "242476", "chunk_text": "\"British Royal Train\"\nby critics as one of the unnecessary luxuries of the Royal Family, which has led to an increase in the alternate use of normal scheduled services where possible, supporters argue the current arrangement emphasizes utility over luxury, and is still often the most practical and secure mode of travel to fit the required itinerary and avoid disruption to the public. The first member of the British Royal Family to travel by train was Queen Adelaide who took a train from Nottingham to Leeds on 22 July 1840. Queen Victoria was the first British monarch to travel by train, on 13", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16364882", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport\"\nlocomotive \"\"Blücher\"\", also a successful flanged-wheel adhesion locomotive. In 1825 he built the locomotive \"\"Locomotion\"\" for the Stockton and Darlington Railway in the north east of England, which became the first public steam railway in the world, although it used both horse power and steam power on different runs. In 1829, he built the locomotive \"\"Rocket\"\", which entered in and won the Rainhill Trials. This success led to Stephenson establishing his company as the pre-eminent builder of steam locomotives for railways in Great Britain and Ireland, the United States, and much of Europe. The first public railway which used only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15312957", "chunk_text": "\"Rail transport\"\nKingdom in 1804 by Richard Trevithick, a British engineer born in Cornwall. This used high-pressure steam to drive the engine by one power stroke. The transmission system employed a large flywheel to even out the action of the piston rod. On 21 February 1804, the world's first steam-powered railway journey took place when Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled a train along the tramway of the Penydarren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil in South Wales. Trevithick later demonstrated a locomotive operating upon a piece of circular rail track in Bloomsbury, London, the \"\"Catch Me Who Can\"\", but never got beyond the experimental", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20114251", "chunk_text": "\"Great Western Railway\"\nGreat Western Railway The Great Western Railway (GWR) was a British railway company that linked London with the south-west and west of England, the Midlands, and most of Wales. It was founded in 1833, received its enabling Act of Parliament on 31 August 1835 and ran its first trains in 1838. It was engineered by Isambard Kingdom Brunel, who chose a broad gauge of —later slightly widened to —but, from 1854, a series of amalgamations saw it also operate standard-gauge trains; the last broad-gauge services were operated in 1892. The GWR was the only company to keep its identity through", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15905808", "chunk_text": "\"Rail transport\"\nis capable of high levels of passenger and cargo utilization and energy efficiency, but is often less flexible and more capital-intensive than road transport, when lower traffic levels are considered. The oldest known, man/animal-hauled railways date back to the 6th century BC in Corinth, Greece. Rail transport then commenced in mid 16th century in Germany in the form of horse-powered funiculars and wagonways. Modern rail transport commenced with the British development of the steam locomotives in the early 19th century. Thus the railway system in Great Britain is the oldest in the world. Built by George Stephenson and his son", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8872635", "chunk_text": "\"Edward Entwistle\"\nEdward Entwistle Edward Entwistle, born 24 March 1815 in Tyldesley, Lancashire, was the first driver of a passenger train on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. Apprenticed as an engineer at the age of 11, he worked at the Bridgewater Trust works, where the \"\"Rocket\"\" locomotive was under construction. When the work was completed, George Stephenson requested an assistant and the 16-year-old Entwistle was on the footplate during the locomotive's first trials—eventually becoming its official driver when it began its twice daily service between Liverpool and Manchester. Entwistle later became a marine engineer and emigrated to the United States. His death", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5750409", "chunk_text": "\"Liverpool and Manchester Railway\"\nLiverpool and Manchester Railway The Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR) was a railway opened on 15 September 1830 between the Lancashire towns of Liverpool and Manchester in England. It was the first railway to rely exclusively on locomotives driven by steam power, with no horse-drawn traffic permitted at any time; the first to be entirely double track throughout its length; the first to have a signalling system; the first to be fully timetabled; and the first to carry mail. John B. Jervis of the Delaware and Hudson Railway some years later wrote: \"\"It must be regarded ... as opening the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6552070", "chunk_text": "\"Ffestiniog Railway\"\non 18th. July 1863, followed a few days later by \"\"The Princess\"\". After a number of trials and some modifications (notably the addition of domes) to the locomotive, the first official train ran on 23 October 1863. These steam locomotives of the 0-4-0 type allowed much longer slate trains to be run and this also enabled the official introduction of passenger trains in 1865: the Ffestiniog was the first narrow-gauge railway in Britain to carry passengers. In 1869, the line's first double Fairlie articulated locomotive was introduced and these double-ended machines have since become one of the most widely recognised", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1634966", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain to 1830\"\ncosts. These longer lines often required public subscription to build and crossed over land not owned by the mine owners. As a result, they needed an Act of Parliament to build, to enforce the sale of wayleave by landowners. The Acts also protected investors from unrealistic, or downright fraudulent, schemes. The first line to obtain such an act, in 1758, was a private coal-owner's wagonway, the Middleton Railway in Leeds. The first for public use, and on cast iron rails, was the Lake Lock Rail Road formed in 1796 and opened in 1798. Another early public railway, the Surrey Iron", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13869529", "chunk_text": "\"Rail transport in Great Britain\"\nfor Transport, complementing existing long-term national projects. Rail transport in Great Britain The railway system in Great Britain is the oldest in the world. The first locomotive-hauled public railway opened in 1825, which was followed by an era of rapid expansion. Whilst the network suffered gradual attrition from about 1900 onwards, and more severe rationalisation in the 1950s and 1960s, the network has again been growing since the 1980s. Most of the track is managed by Network Rail, which in 2017 had a network of of standard-gauge lines, of which were electrified. These lines range from single to quadruple track", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18201090", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport in Great Britain\"\nLiverpool, sometime around 1600, possibly as early as 1594. Owned by Philip Layton, the line carried coal from a pit near Prescot Hall to a terminus about half a mile away. Another wagonway was Sir Francis Willoughby's Wollaton Wagonway in Nottinghamshire built between 1603 and 1604 to carry coal. As early as 1671 railed roads were in use in Durham to ease the conveyance of coal; the first of these was the Tanfield Wagonway. Many of these \"\"tramroads\"\" or \"\"wagon ways\"\" were built in the 17th and 18th centuries. They used simply straight and parallel rails of timber on which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8766168", "chunk_text": "\"Steam engine\"\nbuilt a prototype steam road locomotive. An early working model of a steam rail locomotive was designed and constructed by steamboat pioneer John Fitch in the United States probably during the 1780s or 1790s. His steam locomotive used interior bladed wheels guided by rails or tracks. The first full-scale working railway steam locomotive was built by Richard Trevithick in the United Kingdom and, on 21 February 1804, the world's first railway journey took place as Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled a train along the tramway from the Pen-y-darren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil to Abercynon in south Wales. The design incorporated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18248092", "chunk_text": "\"History of infrastructure\"\nby horses or by people. In 1811 John Blenkinsop designed the first successful and practical railway locomotive, and a line was built connecting the Middleton Colliery to Leeds. The Liverpool and Manchester Railway, considered to be the world's first intercity line, opened in 1826. In the following years, railways spread throughout the United Kingdom and the world, and became the dominant means of land transport for nearly a century. In the US, the 1826 Granite Railway in Massachusetts was the first commercial railroad to evolve through continuous operations into a common carrier. The Baltimore and Ohio, opened in 1830, was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16364871", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport\"\nrailway. It ran from Strelley to Wollaton near Nottingham. The Middleton Railway in Leeds, which was built in 1758, later became the world's oldest operational railway (other than funiculars), albeit now in an upgraded form. In 1764, the first railway in America was built in Lewiston, New York. The introduction of steam engines for powering blast air to blast furnaces led to a large increase in British iron production after the mid 1750s. In the late 1760s, the Coalbrookdale Company began to fix plates of cast iron to the upper surface of wooden rails, which increased their durability and load-bearing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15905809", "chunk_text": "\"Rail transport\"\nRobert's company Robert Stephenson and Company, the \"\"Locomotion\"\" No. 1 is the first steam locomotive to carry passengers on a public rail line, the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1825. George Stephenson also built the first public inter-city railway line in the world to use only the steam locomotives all the time, the Liverpool and Manchester Railway which opened in 1830. With steam engines, one could construct mainline railways, which were a key component of the Industrial Revolution. Also, railways reduced the costs of shipping, and allowed for fewer lost goods, compared with water transport, which faced occasional sinking of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17102370", "chunk_text": "\"Locomotive No. 1\"\nLocomotive No. 1 Locomotive No. 1 hauled the first passenger train in New South Wales, Australia. It was built by Robert Stephenson and Company. In 1846 the \"\"Sydney Railway Company\"\" was formed with the objective of building a railway line between Sydney and Parramatta. No. 1 was one of four locomotives that arrived by sea from the manufacturer in January 1855. The first passenger train hauled by No. 1 was a special service from Sydney Station to Long Cove viaduct (near the present site of Lewisham) on 24 May 1855, Queen Victoria's birthday. A common misconception is that Locomotive No.1", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13727552", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport\"\nRichard Trevithick, a British engineer born in Cornwall. This used high-pressure steam to drive the engine by one power stroke. The transmission system employed a large flywheel to even out the action of the piston rod. On 21 February 1804, the world's first steam-powered railway journey took place when Trevithick's unnamed steam locomotive hauled a train along the tramway of the Penydarren ironworks, near Merthyr Tydfil in South Wales. Trevithick later demonstrated a locomotive operating upon a piece of circular rail track in Bloomsbury, London, the \"\"Catch Me Who Can\"\", but never got beyond the experimental stage with railway locomotives,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13727556", "chunk_text": "\"History of rail transport\"\nsteam locomotives, all the time, was Liverpool and Manchester Railway, built in 1830. Steam power continued to be the dominant power system in railways around the world for more than a century. The first known electric locomotive was built in 1837 by chemist Robert Davidson of Aberdeen in Scotland, and it was powered by galvanic cells (batteries). Thus it was also the earliest battery electric locomotive. Davidson later built a larger locomotive named \"\"Galvani\"\", exhibited at the Royal Scottish Society of Arts Exhibition in 1841. The seven-ton vehicle had two direct-drive reluctance motors, with fixed electromagnets acting on iron bars", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8526601", "chunk_text": "\"Royal train\"\nroyal car was taken out of regular service and is now on display at the Swedish Railway Museum, however it has been put back into service for special occasions since; the museum is connected by rail to the regular network and some of the cars on display can rather easily be brought back to service. Queen Victoria was the first British monarch to travel by train, on 13 June 1842, when she travelled on the Great Western Railway (GWR), which ran the line between London and Windsor (for Windsor Castle). Soon, other major British railway companies had their own carriage(s)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6380548", "chunk_text": "\"British narrow-gauge railways\"\nRail Road of 1796; the gauge Llandegai Tramway of 1798; and the gauge Surrey Iron Railway of 1803 - the world's first public railway. Meanwhile, the development of the stationary steam engine was proceeding to the point where early steam locomotives were being proposed. In 1804, Richard Trevithick demonstrated the first locomotive-hauled railway in the world: the gauge Penydarren Tramway in south Wales. Although this first use of locomotives was a limited and short-lived experiment, in 1812, the gauge Middleton Railway in Leeds became the first in the world to make commercial use of steam haulage. Steam technology developed rapidly", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8872636", "chunk_text": "\"Edward Entwistle\"\non 31 October 1909 in Des Moines, Iowa was reported in \"\"The Washington Post\"\". Edward Entwistle Edward Entwistle, born 24 March 1815 in Tyldesley, Lancashire, was the first driver of a passenger train on the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. Apprenticed as an engineer at the age of 11, he worked at the Bridgewater Trust works, where the \"\"Rocket\"\" locomotive was under construction. When the work was completed, George Stephenson requested an assistant and the 16-year-old Entwistle was on the footplate during the locomotive's first trials—eventually becoming its official driver when it began its twice daily service between Liverpool and Manchester.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1656310", "chunk_text": "\"Stockton and Darlington Railway\"\nOn 16 September 1825, with the stationary engines in place, the first locomotive, \"\"Locomotion No. 1\"\", left the works, and the following day it was advertised that the railway would open on 27 September 1825. The cost of building the railway had greatly exceeded the estimates. By September 1825 the company had borrowed £60,000 in short-term loans and needed to start earning an income to ward off its creditors. A railway coach, named \"\"Experiment\"\", arrived on the evening of 26 September 1825 and was attached to \"\"Locomotion No. 1\"\", which had been placed on the rails for the first time", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6324680", "chunk_text": "\"Foster, Rastrick and Company\"\nbought four locomotives, three from Foster, Rastrick and Company and one from Robert Stevenson & Co. Of the Foster, Rastrick and Company engines, the \"\"Stourbridge Lion\"\" built in 1828, was the first locomotive to run on rails in America. It was shipped from Liverpool in April 1829. Two others, named \"\"Delaware\"\" and \"\"Hudson\"\" were supplied later that year. The Stourbridge Lion was tested on blocks on May 28, 1829. In July of that year it was sent to Honesdale by boat. Its first test on the railway took place on 8 August 1829 when it ran on 3 miles of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14345237", "chunk_text": "\"British Rail Class 40\"\nas evaluation prototypes. They were built at the Vulcan Foundry in Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire. The first locomotive, D200, was delivered to Stratford on 14 March 1958. Following fitter and crew training, D200 made its passenger début on an express train from London Liverpool Street to on 18 April 1958. Five of the prototypes, Nos. D200, D202-D205, were trialled on similar services on the former Great Eastern routes, whilst the remaining five, Nos. D201, D206-D209, worked on Great Northern services on the East Coast Main Line. Sir Brian Robertson, chairman of the British Transport Commission, was less than impressed, believing that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3603683", "chunk_text": "\"Culture of England\"\nrailway networks in the world; the Stockton and Darlington Railway, opened in 1825, was the first public railway to use steam locomotives. Opened in 1863, London Underground is the world's first underground railway. Known as the \"\"Father of Railways\"\", Stephenson's rail gauge of is the standard gauge for most of the world's railways. Henry Maudsley's most influential invention was the screw-cutting lathe, a machine which created uniformity in screws and allowed for the application of interchangeable parts (a prerequisite for mass production): it was a revolutionary development necessary for the Industrial Revolution. Brunel created the Great Western Railway, as well", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_285	when did the united kingdom entered world war 2?	n/a	[ "1939" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7841470", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II\"\nMilitary history of the United Kingdom during World War II The United Kingdom, along with most of its Dominions and Crown colonies declared war on Nazi Germany in September 1939, after the German invasion of Poland. War with Japan began in December 1941, after it attacked British colonies in Asia. The Axis powers were defeated by the Allies in 1945. For the domestic history see home fronts during World War II and Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II. Although the UK had increased military spending and funding prior to 1939 in response to the increasing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7841578", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II\"\nto be no far eastern equivalent of the combined bomber offensive of Europe. Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II The United Kingdom, along with most of its Dominions and Crown colonies declared war on Nazi Germany in September 1939, after the German invasion of Poland. War with Japan began in December 1941, after it attacked British colonies in Asia. The Axis powers were defeated by the Allies in 1945. For the domestic history see home fronts during World War II and Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II. Although the UK had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2682540", "chunk_text": "\"United Kingdom\"\n1931. Northern Ireland remained part of the United Kingdom. A wave of strikes in the mid-1920s culminated in the General Strike of 1926. Britain had still not recovered from the effects of the war when the Great Depression (1929–1932) occurred. This led to considerable unemployment and hardship in the old industrial areas, as well as political and social unrest in the 1930s, with rising membership in communist and socialist parties. A coalition government was formed in 1931. Britain entered the Second World War by declaring war on Nazi Germany in 1939 after Germany had invaded Poland. Winston Churchill became prime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4280906", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II\"\nWorld War II included the campaigns in Hong Kong, India, Burma, Thailand, Indochina, Malaya and Singapore. On 8 December 1941, the conflict in this theatre began when the Empire of Japan invaded Hong Kong, Thailand and Malaya from bases located in China and French Indochina. Action in this theatre officially ended on 9 September 1945 with the surrender of Japan. The outbreak of war in the Far East found the United Kingdom critically overstretched. British forces in the area were weak in almost all arms. On 8 December 1941, the Japanese launched invasions of Thailand, Malaya and Hong Kong. On", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14307391", "chunk_text": "\"History of the United Kingdom\"\nresulting League of Nations was a favorite project in Interwar Britain. However, while the Empire remained strong, as did the London financial markets, the British industrial base began to slip behind Germany and especially the United States. Sentiments for peace were so strong that the nation supported appeasement of Hitler's Germany in the late 1930s, until the Nazi invasion of Poland in 1939 opened the Second World War. In the Second World War 1939–45, France, the Soviet Union the U.S. joined Britain as the main Allied powers. Britain and its Empire faced near defeat at several points from 1940 to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13502083", "chunk_text": "\"World War II by country\"\ngovernment of the UK. During the Second World War, the Isle of Man had a detention camp for Axis citizens and suspected sympathisers, including members of the British Union of Fascists and the Irish Republican Army. A naval base, radar network and training stations were also established on the island. The United States was neutral early in the fight, although it steadily grew ties with the Allies and began providing increased levels of assistance to them. The United States joined the Allies in December 1941 after the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Empire of Japan.Germany and Italy declared war", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3568478", "chunk_text": "\"History of the United Kingdom\"\nChurchill came to power, promising to fight the Germans to the very end. The Germans threatened an invasion—which the Royal Navy was prepared to repel. First the Germans tried to achieve air supremacy but were defeated by the Royal Air Force in the Battle of Britain in late summer 1940. Japan declared war in December 1941, and quickly seized Hong Kong, Malaya, Singapore, and Burma, and threatened Australia and India. Britain formed an alliance with the Soviet Union (starting in 1941) and very close ties to the United States (starting in 1940). The war was very expensive. It was paid", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4280846", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II\"\nhis son put on the throne. The Italians declared war on 10 June 1940 and in addition to the well known campaigns in the western desert, a front was opened against them in Africa. This front was in and around the Italian East African colonies: Ethiopia, Italian Somaliland, and Eritrea. As in Egypt, British forces were massively outnumbered by their Italian opponents. However, unlike Libya, Ethiopia was isolated from the Italian mainland, and the Italians were thus cut off from resupply. The first offensive moves of the campaign fell to the Italians. They attacked in three directions, into Sudan, Kenya", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13502021", "chunk_text": "\"World War II by country\"\nIn the South West Pacific theater, the RNZAF participated in a unique force, AirSols, in the Solomon Islands, consisting of squadrons from the U.S. Marine Corps, U.S. Navy, USAAF, and RNZAF, with occasional help from the Royal Australian Air Force. During World War II the Dominion of Newfoundland was governed directly by the United Kingdom. It joined the war on 4 September 1939, declaring war on Germany. The defenses of Newfoundland, and the Newfoundland Home Guard forces, were integrated with the Canadian military, and both governments agreed to form a joint coastal defense organization. As part of the Anglo-American Destroyers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7469014", "chunk_text": "\"British Army\"\nRegiment) and advances in aircraft design (including the creation of the Royal Flying Corps) which would be decisive in future battles. Trench warfare dominated Western Front strategy for most of the war, and the use of chemical weapons (disabling and poison gases) added to the devastation. The Second World War broke out in September 1939 with the Russian and German Army's invasion of Poland. British assurances to the Poles led the British Empire to declare war on Germany. As in the First World War, a relatively-small BEF was sent to France and hastily evacuated from Dunkirk as the German forces", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7841477", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II\"\nto be impossible to sustain bases in the face of aerial threat. British forces in Narvik were withdrawn as well. As a consequence of the loss of Norway and Denmark, the Royal Navy commenced a pre-emptive occupation of the Faroe Islands on 12 April 1940. On 10 May 1940, the Royal Navy occupied Iceland to install naval and air bases on this Atlantic island. Following the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939, the British Expeditionary Force was sent to the Franco-Belgian border in mid-September. The first deployment was completed by 11 October 1939 at which point 158,000 men", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3158327", "chunk_text": "\"Germany–United Kingdom relations\"\nsummer 1940, but the aerial assault was repulsed, which stopped Operation Sealion, the plans for the invasion of Britain. The British Empire was standing alone against Germany, but the United States greatly funded and supplied the British. In December 1941, United States entered the war against Germany and Japan after the attack on Pearl Harbor by Japan, which also later overwhelmed British outposts in the Pacific from Hong Kong to Singapore. The Allied invasion of France on D-Day in June 1944 as well as strategic bombing and land forces all contributed to the final defeat of Germany. As part of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14308969", "chunk_text": "\"British Armed Forces\"\ndefeat of the Central Powers, the end of the German Empire, the Treaty of Versailles and the establishment of the League of Nations. Although Germany had been defeated during the First World War, by 1933 fascism had given rise to Nazi Germany, which under the leadership of Adolf Hitler re-militarised in defiance of the Treaty of Versailles. Once again tensions accumulated in European relations, and following Germany's invasion of Poland in September 1939, the Second World War began (1939–1945). The conflict was the most widespread in British history, with British Empire and Commonwealth troops fighting in campaigns from Europe and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595834", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nby Germany. The Battle of Britain began in early July with Luftwaffe attacks on shipping and harbours. The United Kingdom rejected Hitler's ultimatum, and the German air superiority campaign started in August but failed to defeat RAF Fighter Command. Due to this the proposed German invasion of Britain was postponed indefinitely on 17September. The German strategic bombing offensive intensified with night attacks on London and other cities in the Blitz, but failed to significantly disrupt the British war effort and largely ended in May 1941. Using newly captured French ports, the German Navy enjoyed success against an over-extended Royal Navy,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11479259", "chunk_text": "\"History of the British Isles\"\n\"\"peace for our time\"\", Britain declared war on Germany on 3 September 1939, following Hitler's invasion of Poland two days earlier. The U.K. thus joined the Allied forces in opposition to the Axis forces of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. For the first time, civilians were not exempt from the war, as London suffered nightly bombings during the Blitz. At the war's end in 1945, however, the U.K. emerged as one of the victorious nations. Winston Churchill, who had been leader of the wartime coalition government, suffered a surprising landslide defeat to Clement Attlee's Labour party in 1945 elections. Attlee", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4280826", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II\"\nKing George VI in early 1942. In late 1942 Operation Torch, the first large Allied combined operation, was launched. The British and Americans landed in force invading French North Africa, but far enough west that the Germans were able to invade Tunisia (owned by France) and make it their base of operations. Torch was followed by Operation Husky the invasion of Sicily, and Operation Avalanche, the invasion of southern Italy. Again the naval forces escorted the invasion fleet and heavy cover was provided against Italian interference. In the aftermath of Avalanche, the Italian surrender was announced and the British naval", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4280882", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II\"\nand reached the Yugoslav and Austrian borders. On 2 May, the German forces in Italy capitulated. This occurred shortly before the main German surrender on 8 May. The invasion of Normandy, the largest amphibious assault in history, took place on 6 June 1944. All ground armies, US and British, were under the command of British General Montgomery. The operation involved the landing of five assault divisions from the sea and three assault divisions by parachute and glider. Of those, one airborne and two seaborne divisions were British. The British airborne formation involved was 6th Airborne Division, with the British seaborne", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16132588", "chunk_text": "\"Home front during World War II\"\nas many as 3.7 million man days lost in 1944. The BBC collected 47,000 wartime recollections and 15,000 images in 2003-6 and put them online. The CD audiobook \"\"Home Front 1939–45\"\" also contains a selection of period interviews and actuality recordings. Canada joined the war effort on September 10, 1939; the government deliberately waited after Britain's decision to go to war, partly to demonstrate its independence from Britain and partly to give the country extra time to import arms from the United States as a non-belligerent. War production was ramped up quickly, and was centrally managed through the Department of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20140823", "chunk_text": "\"British Empire in World War II\"\nand Japan's imperial ambitions looked set to clash with the British imperial presence in the Mediterranean and East Asia respectively. However, there were differences of opinion within the UK and the Dominions as to which posed the most serious threat, and whether any attack would come from more than one power at the same time. On 1 September 1939, Germany invaded Poland. Two days later, on 3 September, after a British ultimatum to Germany to cease military operations was ignored, Britain and France declared war on Germany. Britain's declaration of war automatically committed India, the Crown colonies, and the protectorates,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16858212", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Britain\"\nBattle of Britain The Battle of Britain (, literally \"\"The Air Battle for England\"\") was a military campaign of the Second World War, in which the Royal Air Force (RAF) defended the United Kingdom (UK) against large-scale attacks by Nazi Germany's air force, the Luftwaffe. It has been described as the first major military campaign fought entirely by air forces. The British officially recognise the battle's duration as being from 10 July until 31 October 1940, which overlaps the period of large-scale night attacks known as the Blitz, that lasted from 7 September 1940 to 11 May 1941. German historians", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20140819", "chunk_text": "\"British Empire in World War II\"\nand the loss of 70 major warships, 39 submarines, 3,500 aircraft, 1,100 tanks and 65,000 vehicles. During this period the Commonwealth built an enormous military and industrial capacity. Britain became the nucleus of the Allied war effort in Europe, and hosted governments in exile in London to rally support in occupied Europe for the Allied effort. Canada delivered almost $4 billion in direct financial aid to the United Kingdom, and Australia and New Zealand began shifting to domestic production to provide material aid to US forces in the Pacific. Following the US entry into the war in December 1941, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10681669", "chunk_text": "\"Allies of World War II\"\nescaped ships continued to fight on the Allied side and also mounted a guerrilla campaign in Timor. New Zealand was a sovereign Dominion under the New Zealand monarchy, as per the Statute of Westminster 1931. It quickly entered World War II, officially declaring war on Germany on 3 September 1939, just hours after Britain. Unlike Australia, which had felt obligated to declare war, as it also had not ratified the Statute of Westminster, New Zealand did so as a sign of allegiance to Britain, and in recognition of Britain's abandonment of its former appeasement policy, which New Zealand had long", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8382430", "chunk_text": "\"Germany–United Kingdom relations\"\npopular, especially the Munich Agreement in 1938 of Germany, Britain, France and Italy. Germany and Britain fought each other from the British declaration of war, in September 1939, to the German surrender, in May 1945. The war continues to loom large in the British public memory. At the beginning of the war, Germany crushed Poland. In spring 1940, Germany astonished the world by quickly invading the Low Countries and France, driving the British army off the Continent and seizing most of its weapons, vehicles and supplies. War was brought to the British skies in the Battle of Britain in late", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13062655", "chunk_text": "\"The Hardest Day\"\nThe Hardest Day The Hardest Day is a name given to a Second World War air battle fought during the Battle of Britain on 18 August 1940 between the German Luftwaffe and British Royal Air Force (RAF). By June 1940, the Allies had been defeated in Western Europe and Scandinavia. Britain rejected overtures for a negotiated peace. Consequently, Adolf Hitler issued the German armed forces (\"\"Wehrmacht\"\") Directive No. 16 ordering the invasion of the United Kingdom. The invasion of the United Kingdom was codenamed Operation Sea Lion (\"\"Unternehmen Seelöwe\"\"). However, before this could be carried out, air supremacy or air", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595804", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nAfrica and Asia. Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery and expansion. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities and create a common identity. The start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland; the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937, or even the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 19 September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "306004", "chunk_text": "\"Allies of World War II\"\nthereafter the establishment of those states as the permanent members of the UNSC. Great Britain and other members of the British Commonwealth, most known as the Dominions, declared war on Germany separately from 3 September 1939 with the UK first, all within one week of each other; these countries were Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and South Africa. British West Africa and the British colonies in East and Southern Africa participated, mainly in the North African, East African and Middle-Eastern theatres. Two West African and one East African division served in the Burma Campaign. Southern Rhodesia was a self-governing colony,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18224315", "chunk_text": "\"British Empire in World War II\"\nsurrender\"\" was signed on 7 May in Reims, France, and ratified on 8 May in Berlin, Germany. In the afternoon of 15 August 1945, the Surrender of Japan occurred, effectively ending World War II. On this day the initial announcement of Japan's surrender was made in Japan, and because of time zone differences it was announced in the United States, Western Europe, the Americas, the Pacific Islands, and Australia/New Zealand on 14 August 1945. The signing of the surrender document occurred on 2 September 1945. By the end of the war in August 1945, British Commonwealth forces were responsible for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10791054", "chunk_text": "\"British anti-invasion preparations of the Second World War\"\npreliminary assembly of forces. Today, little remains of Britain's anti-invasion preparations; only reinforced concrete structures such as pillboxes and anti-tank cubes are commonly found. On 1 September 1939, Germany invaded Poland; two days later, Britain and France declared war on Germany, launching the Second World War. Within three weeks, the Red Army of the Soviet Union invaded the eastern regions of Poland in fulfilment of the secret Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact with Germany. A British Expeditionary Force (BEF) was sent to the Franco-Belgian border, but Britain and France did not take any direct action in support of the Poles. By 1 October,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13104318", "chunk_text": "\"Second Army (United Kingdom)\"\nSecond Army (United Kingdom) The British Second Army was a field army active during the First and Second World Wars. During the First World War the army was active on the Western Front throughout most of the war and later active in Italy. During the Second World War the army was the main British contribution to the Normandy landings on 6 June 1944 and . The Second Army was part of the British Army formed on 26 December 1914, when the British Expeditionary Force was split in two due to becoming too big to control its subordinate formations. The army", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9482548", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Britain\"\ncancelled. Books General Battle of Britain The Battle of Britain (, literally \"\"The Air Battle for England\"\") was a military campaign of the Second World War, in which the Royal Air Force (RAF) defended the United Kingdom (UK) against large-scale attacks by Nazi Germany's air force, the Luftwaffe. It has been described as the first major military campaign fought entirely by air forces. The British officially recognise the battle's duration as being from 10 July until 31 October 1940, which overlaps the period of large-scale night attacks known as the Blitz, that lasted from 7 September 1940 to 11 May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13032193", "chunk_text": "\"Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II\"\nTimeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II This is a Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II covering Britain 1939–45. For a brief narrative see United Kingdom home front during World War II, as well as History of Scotland#Second World War 1939-45 and History of Northern Ireland#Second World War. For the military story see Military history of the United Kingdom during World War II for foreign affairs, Diplomatic history of World War II. For the government see Timeline of the first premiership of Winston Churchill. For a narrative history and bibliography of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "306005", "chunk_text": "\"Allies of World War II\"\nhaving received responsible government in 1923. It was not a sovereign dominion. It governed itself internally and controlled its own armed forces, but had no diplomatic autonomy, and, therefore, was officially at war as soon as Britain was at war. The Southern Rhodesian colonial government issued a symbolic declaration of war nevertheless on 3 September 1939, which made no difference diplomatically, but preceded the declarations of war made by all other British dominions and colonies. These included: the British West Indies, British Honduras, British Guiana and the Falkland Islands. Newfoundland was ruled as a royal colony in 1933–49, with a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595826", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nSeptember 1939, Germany invaded Poland after having staged several false flag border incidents as a pretext to initiate the attack. The Battle of Westerplatte is often described as the first battle of the war. The United Kingdom responded with an ultimatum to Germany to cease military operations, and on 3 September, after the ultimatum was ignored, France, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand declared war on Germany. This alliance was joined by South Africa (6 September) and Canada (10 September). The alliance provided no direct military support to Poland, outside of a cautious French probe into the Saarland. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13502047", "chunk_text": "\"World War II by country\"\nthe British Commonwealth, the Union of South Africa declared war on Germany shortly after the United Kingdom, on 6 September 1939. Three South African infantry divisions and one armoured division fought under Allied commands in Europe and elsewhere, most notably in the North African campaign and the Italian campaign. Most of the South African 2nd Division was taken prisoner with the fall of Tobruk on 21 June 1942. Under the Joint Air Training Scheme, part of the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan, South Africa trained 33,347 aircrews for the British Royal Air Force, South African Air Force and other Allied", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16193627", "chunk_text": "\"Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II\"\nDecember 1943 21 January 1944 10 March 1944 12 June 1944 July to September 1944 8 September 1944 17 September 1944 22 September 1944 3 December 1944 1 February 1945 27 March 1945 29 March 1945 2 May 1945 8 May 1945 9 May 1945 23 May 1945 16 June 1945 18 June 1945 5 July 1945 26 July 1945 15 August 1945 Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II This is a Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II covering Britain 1939–45. For a brief narrative see United Kingdom home front", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13783010", "chunk_text": "Kanalkampf\nKanalkampf The Kanalkampf (Channel Battle) was the German name for air operations by the German \"\"Luftwaffe\"\" against the British Royal Air Force (RAF) over the English Channel, which marked the beginning of the Battle of Britain in July 1940, during the Second World War. By 25 June, the Allies had been defeated in Western Europe and Scandinavia. Britain rejected peace overtures and on 16 July, Adolf Hitler issued Directive 16 to the \"\"Wehrmacht\"\" (German armed forces), ordering preparations for the invasion of Britain, under the codename \"\"Unternehmen Seelöwe\"\" (Operation Sea Lion). The Germans needed air superiority over southern England before", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4879896", "chunk_text": "\"British Army during the Second World War\"\nSecond World War, however, over 3.5 million men had served in the British Army. The British Army was called on to fight around the world, starting with campaigns in Europe in 1940. After the Dunkirk evacuation, the army fought on in the Mediterranean and Middle East theatre, and in the Burma Campaign. After a series of setbacks, retreats and evacuations, the British Army eventually, with its Allies, gained the upper hand. This started with victory in the Tunisian Campaign, and then Italy was forced to surrender after the invasions of Sicily and mainland Italy itself in 1943. In 1944, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15293249", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of Canada during World War II\"\nbefore the invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939. Four days after the United Kingdom declared war on 3 September 1939, Parliament was called in special session and both King and Manion stated their support for Canada following Britain, but did not declare war immediately, partly to show that Canada was joining out of her own initiative and was not obligated to go to war. Unlike 1914 when war came as a surprise, the government had prepared various measures for price controls, rationing, and censorship, and the War Measures Act of 1914 was re-invoked. After two days of debate, the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595798", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nlate 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. Following the onset of campaigns in North Africa and East Africa, and the fall of France in mid 1940, the war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the British Empire. War in the Balkans, the aerial Battle of Britain, the Blitz, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3565418", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of Australia during World War II\"\nMilitary history of Australia during World War II Australia entered World War II on 3 September 1939, following the government's acceptance of the United Kingdom's declaration of war on Nazi Germany. Following attacks on Allied countries, the Australian government later declared war on other members of the Axis powers, including the Kingdom of Italy (11 June 1940) and the Empire of Japan (8 December 1941). By the end of the war, almost a million Australians had served in the armed forces, whose military units fought primarily in the European theatre, North African campaign, and the South West Pacific theatre. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1283427", "chunk_text": "\"Battle of Britain Day\"\nthe \"\"Wehrmacht\"\" (German armed forces) onto the British mainland. The Battle of Britain began on 10 July 1940, when the first \"\"Luftwaffe\"\" bomber fleets began attacking convoys and Royal Navy forces in English ports and the Channel. The results were positive and the Germans succeeded in forcing the British to abandon the channel convoy route and to redirect shipping to ports in north-eastern Britain. With this achieved the \"\"Luftwaffe\"\" began the second phase of its air offensive, attacking RAF airfields and supporting structures on the British mainland. The codename of the offensive was \"\"Unternehmen Adlerangriff\"\" (\"\"Operation Eagle Attack\"\"). On 12", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595799", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nthe long Battle of the Atlantic followed. On 22 June 1941, the European Axis powers launched an invasion of the Soviet Union, opening the largest land theatre of war in history. This Eastern Front trapped the Axis, most crucially the German Wehrmacht, into a war of attrition. In December 1941, Japan launched a surprise attack on the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean. Following an immediate U.S. declaration of war against Japan, supported by one from Great Britain, the European Axis powers quickly declared war on the U.S. in solidarity with their Japanese ally. Rapid Japanese conquests", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14456268", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of New Zealand during World War II\"\nMilitary history of New Zealand during World War II The military history of New Zealand during World War II began when New Zealand entered the Second World War by declaring war on Nazi Germany with Great Britain. The state of war with Germany was officially held to have existed since 9:30 pm on 3 September 1939 (local time), simultaneous with that of Britain, but in fact the declaration of war was not made until confirmation had been received from Britain that their ultimatum to Germany had expired. The group (led by Peter Fraser as Prime Minister Michael Savage was terminally", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20308178", "chunk_text": "\"National Service (Armed Forces) Act 1939\"\nNational Service (Armed Forces) Act 1939 The National Service (Armed Forces) Act 1939 was enacted by the Parliament of the United Kingdom on 3 September 1939, the day the United Kingdom declared war on Germany at the start of the Second World War. It superseded the Military Training Act 1939 (passed in May of that year) and enforced full conscription on all males between 18 and 41 who were residents in the UK. It was continued in a modified form in peacetime by the National Service Act 1948. 3. Broad, Roger, \"\"Conscription in Britain 1939-64: The Militarisation of a Generation\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16193625", "chunk_text": "\"Timeline of the United Kingdom home front during World War II\"\nthe home front see United Kingdom home front during World War II. 3 June 1939 24 August 1939 25 August 1939 30 August 1939 1 September 1939 2 September 1939 3 September 1939 7 September 1939 23 September 1939 27 September 1939 1 October 1939 6 October 1939 November 1939 January 1940 8 January 1940 May to June 1940 7 May 1940 10 May 1940 12 May 1940 14 May 1940 22 May 1940 10 June 1940 19 - 28 June 1940 30 June 1940 July 1940 3 July 1940 6 July 1940 9 July 1940 10 July 1940 21", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11093126", "chunk_text": "Germany\nWar II in Europe. In response to Hitler's actions, two days later, on 3 September, after a British ultimatum to Germany to cease military operations was ignored, Britain and France declared war on Germany. In the spring of 1940, Germany conquered Denmark and Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and France forcing the French government to sign an armistice after German troops occupied most of the country. The British repelled German air attacks in the Battle of Britain in the same year. In 1941, German troops invaded Yugoslavia, Greece and the Soviet Union. By 1942, Germany and other Axis powers controlled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18224300", "chunk_text": "\"British Empire in World War II\"\ncountries. Canada also made gifts. Britain's sterling balances around the world amounted to ₤3.4 billion in 1945 or the equivalent of about $US 200 billion in 2016 dollars. However, Britain treated this as a long-term loan with no interest and no specified repayment date. Just when the money would be made available by London was an issue, for the British treasury was nearly empty by 1945. In June 1940, France surrendered to invading German forces, and Italy joined the war on the Axis side, causing a reversal of the Singapore strategy. Winston Churchill, who had replaced Neville Chamberlain as British", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19237097", "chunk_text": "\"United Kingdom–United States relations in World War II\"\nthe war in December 1941, foreign-policy was rarely discussed by Congress, and there was very little demand to cut Lend Lease spending. In spring 1944, the House passed a bill to renew the Lend Lease program by a vote of 334 to 21. The Senate passed it by a vote of 63 to 1. Roosevelt and Churchill met secretly at Placentia Bay in Newfoundland in August 1941, and issued a policy statement that became the foundation document for the Allies who later joined the war against Germany.-- A country had to join to gain admission to the United Nations. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17838692", "chunk_text": "\"United Kingdom home front during World War II\"\nthe 1930s was horrified at this prospect of massive bombing of major cities. The government planned to evacuate schoolchildren and others to towns and rural areas where they would be safe. Operation Pied Piper began on 1 September 1939, and relocated more than 3.5 million children and teachers - about half from London. The average evacuee traveled about 40 miles, but some traveled longer distances. There was no bombing in 1939, so they soon returned home. After a German invasion was possible and the Blitz began in September 1940, there was a second major wave of evacuation in June 1940", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6077150", "chunk_text": "\"United Kingdom declaration of war on Japan\"\nit costs nothing to be polite.\"\" Winston S. Churchill: The Second World War (vol.3): the Grand Alliance. (1950) United Kingdom declaration of war on Japan On 8 December 1941, the government of the United Kingdom declared war on the Empire of Japan, following the Japanese attacks on Malaya, Singapore and Hong Kong. The British Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, Anthony Eden, was in transit to Moscow at the time, so Prime Minister Winston Churchill was in charge of the Foreign Office. The text of his letter to the Japanese Ambassador was as follows: Of the letter, Churchill later wrote:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_286	actress who plays brad pitts wife in war machine?	n/a	[ "Meg Tilly" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18945103", "chunk_text": "\"War Machine (film)\"\nWar Machine (film) War Machine is a 2017 American satirical war film directed and written by David Michôd, based on the nonfiction book \"\"The Operators\"\" by Michael Hastings. It is a fictionalized version of the events in the book based on United States Army General Stanley McChrystal. The film stars Brad Pitt, Anthony Michael Hall, Anthony Hayes, Topher Grace, Will Poulter, Tilda Swinton and Ben Kingsley. It was released on Netflix on May 26, 2017. In the summer of 2009, four-star General Glen McMahon, having won renown for his effective leadership in Iraq, is sent to Afghanistan to prepare an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20682930", "chunk_text": "\"Stanley A. McChrystal\"\nwhom would serve in the military or become military spouses. His older brother, Colonel Scott McChrystal, is a retired Army chaplain, and is the endorsing agent for the Assemblies of God. McChrystal married Annie Corcoran, also from a military family, in 1977. The couple have one son. McChrystal is reported to run daily, eat one meal per day, and sleep four hours a night. In May 2017, Netflix released the film \"\"War Machine\"\" in which Brad Pitt plays a thinly veiled version of McChrystal named McMahon. It was directed by Animal Kingdom's David Michôd and is an adaptation of Michael", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18945114", "chunk_text": "\"War Machine (film)\"\nInternational Airport in November. Some scenes were also filmed at the Dunsfold Aerodrome in Surrey, England. In mid-November 2015, while final scenes were being shot, actors were spotted filming in Ras al-Khaimah and the city's old neighborhood was transformed into Pakistani villages and a military base-camp. The film was released on Netflix on May 26, 2017. Brad Pitt visited Mumbai to promote the film and attended a special screening at PVR High Street Phoenix on May 24, 2017. He also met Bollywood star Shah Rukh Khan to promote War Machine. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18237104", "chunk_text": "\"War Machine (film)\"\ngovernment simply assigns a new general to replace McMahon. McMahon's Entourage U.S. Diplomats Politicians Combat Marines Other On April 27, 2012, it was announced that New Regency and Plan B Entertainment had acquired the film adaptation rights to the 2011 best seller non-fiction book \"\"The Operators\"\" by Michael Hastings. On April 14, 2014, David Michôd was hired to write and direct the film based on the war in Afghanistan. Brad Pitt was attached to star as General Stanley McChrystal and produce the film along with his Plan B partners Dede Gardner and Jeremy Kleiner, while the film would be financed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2131869", "chunk_text": "\"Mireille Enos\"\nin 2014, after four seasons. After her breakout role in \"\"The Killing\"\", Enos began her career in feature films. She played Karin Lane, the wife of Brad Pitt's character in \"\"World War Z\"\" (2013). The film received positive reviews and was a commercial success, grossing over $540 million. She co-starred as Josh Brolin's character's wife in \"\"Gangster Squad\"\" (2013) and appeared opposite Reese Witherspoon in the crime drama \"\"Devil's Knot\"\", based on a true story. In 2014, she appeared in the crime thriller \"\"Sabotage\"\" directed by David Ayer and later starred in drama film \"\"If I Stay\"\" directed by R.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5001124", "chunk_text": "\"Brad Pitt\"\nby ABC. Pitt starred in \"\"Fury\"\", a World War II film directed and written by David Ayer, and co-starring Shia LaBeouf, Logan Lerman, Jon Bernthal and Michael Peña. The film was released on October 17, 2014. By the end of its run, \"\"Fury\"\" proved to be a commercial and critical success; it grossed more than $211 million worldwide and received highly positive reviews from critics. In 2015, Pitt starred opposite his wife, Jolie, in her third directorial effort, \"\"By the Sea\"\", a romantic drama about a marriage in crisis, based on her screenplay. The film was their first collaboration since", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18237107", "chunk_text": "\"War Machine (film)\"\nOn October 23, 2015, \"\"TheWrap\"\" revealed that RJ Cyler had also joined the film. Alan Ruck was spotted filming. Meg Tilly was also spotted but her casting was not then officially confirmed. It was later reported Ben Kingsley and Tilda Swinton had been cast. Principal photography on the film began in mid-October 2015 in London. Later on October 19, filming began in Abu Dhabi; the city was transformed into Kabul, streets into a military fortress, an old building as an American Embassy in Kabul, and a street as a Palestinian border crossing. Filming also took place at the Abu Dhabi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7802430", "chunk_text": "\"Taya Kyle\"\nTaya Kyle Taya Renae Kyle (née Studebaker, born September 4, 1974) is an American author, political commentator, and military veteran's family activist. Known as the widow of US Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, she was portrayed by Sienna Miller in the 2014 film \"\"American Sniper\"\" about her husband's life. Kyle is the co-author of \"\"American Wife: A Memoir of Love, Service, Faith, and Renewal\"\", a book about life with her husband. Born Taya Renae Studebaker on September 4, 1974, in Portland, Oregon, she is the daughter of Kim and Kent Studebaker. Her father is currently the mayor of Lake Oswego, Oregon.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11821775", "chunk_text": "\"Angelina Jolie\"\nAngelina Jolie Angelina Jolie ( ; born Angelina Jolie Voight, June 4, 1975) is an American actress, filmmaker, and humanitarian. She has received an Academy Award, two Screen Actors Guild Awards, and three Golden Globe Awards, and has been cited as Hollywood's highest-paid actress. Jolie made her screen debut as a child alongside her father, Jon Voight, in \"\"Lookin' to Get Out\"\" (1982). Her film career began in earnest a decade later with the low-budget production \"\"Cyborg 2\"\" (1993), followed by her first leading role in a major film, \"\"Hackers\"\" (1995). She starred in the critically acclaimed biographical cable films", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "713542", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Preston\"\nand conspiracy to extort and resigned from the Senate as a result of the allegations. Kelly Preston Kelly Preston (born October 13, 1962) is an American actress and former model. She has appeared in more than sixty television and film productions, most notably including \"\"Mischief\"\", \"\"Twins,\"\" and \"\"Jerry Maguire\"\". She is married to John Travolta, with whom she collaborated on the science fiction film \"\"Battlefield Earth\"\". She also starred in the films \"\"The Cat in the Hat\"\", \"\"Old Dogs\"\", and \"\"Broken Bridges\"\". Kelly Kamalelehua Smith (the middle name \"\"Kamalelehua\"\" means 'garden of lehuas' in Hawaiian - a lehua being a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10453520", "chunk_text": "\"Carrie Coon\"\nfor both \"\"Fargo\"\" and \"\"The Leftovers\"\". In 2017, she played real life journalist Meg Greenfield in the Steven Spielberg-directed historical drama film \"\"The Post\"\". In 2018, Coon co-starred in the Steve McQueen heist thriller film \"\"Widows\"\". Coon provided the voice and motion capture for Proxima Midnight, a member of the Black Order and a child of Thanos, in the Russo Brothers-directed action film \"\"\"\" (2018). Coon married actor and playwright Tracy Letts in 2013. They have a son, born in 2018. Carrie Coon Carrie Alexandra Coon (born January 24, 1981) is an American actress. Coon is known for starring as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9862606", "chunk_text": "\"Gina Torres\"\nGina Torres Gina Torres (born April 25, 1969) is an American television and movie actress. She has appeared in many television series, including \"\"\"\", \"\"\"\", the short-lived \"\"Cleopatra 2525\"\", \"\"Alias\"\", \"\"Firefly\"\", \"\"Angel\"\", \"\"24\"\", \"\"Suits\"\", \"\"The Shield\"\", and \"\"Westworld\"\". She starred opposite Chris Rock in the feature film \"\"I Think I Love My Wife\"\", as Carla in the independent film \"\"South of Pico\"\", and she reprised her \"\"Firefly\"\" role in its feature film sequel \"\"Serenity\"\". Since 2011, she has had a main role on the USA Network series \"\"Suits\"\" as Jessica Pearson. She and her husband Laurence Fishburne played a married", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18201165", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Preston\"\nKelly Preston Kelly Preston (born October 13, 1962) is an American actress and former model. She has appeared in more than sixty television and film productions, most notably including \"\"Mischief\"\", \"\"Twins,\"\" and \"\"Jerry Maguire\"\". She is married to John Travolta, with whom she collaborated on the science fiction film \"\"Battlefield Earth\"\". She also starred in the films \"\"The Cat in the Hat\"\", \"\"Old Dogs\"\", and \"\"Broken Bridges\"\". Kelly Kamalelehua Smith (the middle name \"\"Kamalelehua\"\" means 'garden of lehuas' in Hawaiian - a lehua being a well-known Hawaiian flower) was born in Honolulu, Hawaii. Her mother Linda was an administrator of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9174011", "chunk_text": "\"Jud Tylor\"\nJud Tylor Judy Tylor (born March 24, 1979 in Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian television and film actress. She has had recurring roles in a number of television programs including \"\"That '70s Show\"\" and \"\"Edgemont\"\". Jud Tylor spent her early days in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. She has had recurring roles in a number of television programs and films including the hit series \"\"That '70s Show\"\" (2005) as the sexy Samantha and a supporting lead alongside Academy award winner Tom Hanks and Julia Roberts in \"\"Charlie Wilson's War\"\" (2007). Most recently Jud can be seen portraying Laraine Day alongside", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18945111", "chunk_text": "\"War Machine (film)\"\nby New Regency and RatPac Entertainment. On June 8, 2015, Netflix acquired the distribution rights to the film which was re-titled \"\"War Machine\"\", while Ian Bryce also came on board to produce the film along with others. On June 17, \"\"The Hollywood Reporter\"\" revealed that there had been a budget issue between New Regency and RatPac with producers of Plan B, and thus Netflix had stepped in to buy the distribution rights for $60 million. On August 4, 2015, Emory Cohen was cast in the film to play a member of Gen. McChrystal's staff. On August 10, 2015, Topher Grace", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16048084", "chunk_text": "\"Giannina Facio\"\nGiannina Facio Giannina Facio, Lady Scott (born September 10, 1955) is a Costa Rican actress and producer who has appeared in a number of films, especially those of her husband, British film director and producer Sir Ridley Scott. She first worked with Scott on \"\"White Squall\"\" and has been his partner since \"\"Hannibal\"\". \"\"Gladiator\"\" was the first of two films in which she plays the wife of Russell Crowe's character, the other being \"\"Body of Lies\"\". Since \"\"White Squall\"\", Facio has made appearances in all of Scott's films except for \"\"American Gangster\"\", \"\"The Martian\"\" and \"\"\"\". Facio married her producing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16703740", "chunk_text": "\"Kate Mara\"\nKate Mara Kate Rooney Mara ( ; born February 27, 1983) is an American actress and fashion model. She is known for her roles as reporter Zoe Barnes in the Netflix political drama \"\"House of Cards\"\" (2013–2014; 2016), computer analyst Shari Rothenberg in the Fox thriller series \"\"24\"\" (2006) and Ben Harmon's vengeful mistress Hayden McClaine in the FX horror miniseries \"\"\"\" (2011). She made her film debut in 1999 with \"\"Random Hearts\"\". She has since appeared in \"\"Brokeback Mountain\"\" (2005), \"\"We Are Marshall\"\" (2006), \"\"Shooter\"\" (2007), \"\"Transsiberian\"\" (2008), \"\"Stone of Destiny\"\" (2008), \"\"The Open Road\"\" (2009), \"\"Transcendence\"\" (2014), \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14963886", "chunk_text": "\"Madeleine Stowe\"\nin 1996 to concentrate on her family life. She settled for several years in a Texas ranch, with her daughter May and husband Brian Benben. In 1998, she came back with \"\"The Proposition\"\" and \"\"Playing by Heart\"\", and then \"\"The General's Daughter\"\", opposite John Travolta in 1999. In 2001, she starred in the science-fiction box office bomb \"\"Impostor\"\". In 2002, she played Julia Moore in the war film \"\"We Were Soldiers\"\" with Mel Gibson, and the box office flop action-comedy \"\"Avenging Angelo\"\" opposite Sylvester Stallone. In 2003, she starred in the thriller \"\"Octane\"\" as Senga Wilson, a single mother trying", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9175931", "chunk_text": "\"Julia Roberts\"\nJulia Roberts Julia Fiona Roberts (born October 28, 1967) is an American actress and producer. She became a Hollywood star after headlining the romantic comedy \"\"Pretty Woman\"\" (1990), which grossed $464 million worldwide. She has won three Golden Globe Awards (out of eight nominations) and has been nominated for four Academy Awards for her film acting, winning the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in \"\"Erin Brockovich\"\" (2000). Her films have collectively brought box office receipts of over US$2.8 billion, making her one of the most successful actresses in terms of box office receipts. Her most successful films", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2787717", "chunk_text": "\"Taya Kyle\"\nfor the successful 2016 campaign of Bill Waybourn for Sheriff of Tarrant County, Texas. In January 2016, she opined at a CNN Town Hall Event that the opposition to the NRA and adding more laws restricting gun ownership is not a solution to the gun violence in the United States. Taya Kyle Taya Renae Kyle (née Studebaker, born September 4, 1974) is an American author, political commentator, and military veteran's family activist. Known as the widow of US Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, she was portrayed by Sienna Miller in the 2014 film \"\"American Sniper\"\" about her husband's life. Kyle is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6341884", "chunk_text": "\"Brad Pitt\"\nof which won the Academy Award for Best Picture, and also \"\"The Tree of Life\"\", \"\"Moneyball\"\", and \"\"The Big Short\"\" (2015), all of which garnered Best Picture nominations. As a public figure, Pitt has been cited as one of the most influential and powerful people in the American entertainment industry. For a number of years, he was cited as the world's most attractive man by various media outlets, and his personal life is the subject of wide publicity. In 2000, he married actress Jennifer Aniston; they divorced in 2005. In 2014, Pitt married actress Angelina Jolie. They have six children", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10281298", "chunk_text": "\"Cristin Milioti\"\nWolf of Wall Street\"\". In February 2014, she was cast as Zelda, the female lead on NBC's comedy \"\"A to Z\"\" which premiered that October and aired for one season of thirteen episodes, canceled after the fifth. In 2015, she co-starred on the second season of \"\"FX's Fargo\"\" as Betsy Solverson, the cancer-stricken wife of state trooper Lou Solverson and mother of future deputy Molly Solverson. In 2017, Milioti appeared in the fourth season of the sci-fi anthology show \"\"Black Mirror\"\" as Nanette Cole in the episode \"\"USS Callister\"\". Cristin Milioti Cristin Milioti (born August 16, 1985) is an American", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9470395", "chunk_text": "\"Riley Steele\"\nSteele starred in an adult film with former UFC fighter War Machine. In January 2011, Steele co-hosted the AVN Awards. On September 20, 2013, Steele signed a two-year contract with director Axel Braun. On November 12th, 2015 she married Italian former lawyer and art critic Andrea Diprè. Riley Steele Riley Steele (born August 26, 1987) is an American pornographic actress. Steele grew up in Escondido, California. Before starting her adult film career, she worked at Starbucks and at a golf course snack bar. In 2005, Steele traveled to Hollywood for the signing for \"\"Pirates\"\". There she met Jesse Jane who", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16395434", "chunk_text": "\"Jessica Wesson\"\nJessica Wesson Jessica Wesson (born January 1, 1982) is an American actress. She is best known for her recurring role as Jennifer Sudarsky, Brad's (Zachery Ty Bryan) first girlfriend on the sitcom \"\"Home Improvement\"\", and having supporting roles in the Universal films \"\"Casper\"\" and \"\"Flipper\"\" in the 1990s. In 1993 and 1997, she was nominated for a Young Artist Award for \"\"Home Improvement\"\" and \"\"Flipper\"\". She also co-starred in the film \"\"Milk Money\"\" (1994). Wesson also guest starred in the television series \"\"Baywatch\"\", \"\"Boy Meets World\"\" and \"\"Odd Man Out\"\". In 2001, she had a recurring role as Katie Albright", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3845315", "chunk_text": "\"The Wife (2017 film)\"\nnovel \"\"The Wife\"\". The film was directed by Björn Runge and written by Jane Anderson. On 30 January 2015, Frances McDormand, Logan Lerman, Brit Marling, Jonathan Pryce, and Christian Slater were announced as having also been cast. On 19 October 2016, Pryce and Slater's involvement was confirmed, and Elizabeth McGovern, Max Irons, and Close's daughter Annie Starke joined the cast, playing the roles originally set with McDormand, Lerman, and Marling, respectively; Harry Lloyd was also added. Close approached Gary Oldman for the part of Joe Castleman but he was unavailable for the role. \"\"The Wife\"\" shot scenes in Glasgow, Edinburgh,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5001126", "chunk_text": "\"Brad Pitt\"\nin World War II. In 2017, he starred in the Netflix satirical war comedy \"\"War Machine\"\", which he also produced. Pitt played a recurring role as a weatherman on the late-night talk show \"\"The Jim Jefferies Show\"\" throughout 2017. In 2016 it was announced that Pitt will star in the upcoming sequel to \"\"World War Z\"\", with official release date set as June 9, 2017. However, in early 2017, the release date was announced to be indefinitely delayed. In June, David Fincher was confirmed to direct the \"\"World War Z\"\" sequel, marking Pitt and Fincher's fourth collaboration. Next, Pitt will", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13254248", "chunk_text": "\"Caroline Kava\"\nCaroline Kava Caroline Kava (born September 25, 1949 in Chicago) is an American actress and playwright of the 1986 Off-Broadway play, \"\"The Early Girl\"\". She portrayed a prostitute in the 1980 film \"\"Heaven's Gate\"\". In \"\"Year of the Dragon\"\" (1985), she portrayed the wife of Mickey Rourke's character. In \"\"Little Nikita\"\" (1988), she portrayed the mother of the title character played by River Phoenix. She also played the mother of Ron Kovic, portrayed by Tom Cruise, in \"\"Born on the Fourth of July\"\" (1989). She has also appeared in television films such as \"\"Act of Vengeance\"\" (1986) and \"\"Guilty Until", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18827597", "chunk_text": "\"War Machine (mixed martial artist)\"\n2010, War Machine appeared in twelve adult films. War Machine was featured in the January 2014 issue of \"\"Hustler Magazine\"\" in a nude pictorial with porn actress and then-girlfriend Christy Mack. War Machine was previously in a relationship with porn star Christy Mack. On July 20, 2018, it was revealed that War Machine had got engaged to Ashley Farrington, they first got acquainted with each other when she started writing to him as his pen pal. On September 2, 2007, he was found guilty of striking a Las Vegas man in the face and choking him unconscious during a parking", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3786960", "chunk_text": "\"Ingrid Pitt\"\nIngrid Pitt Ingoushka Pitt (née Petrov; 21 November 193723 November 2010), known professionally as Ingrid Pitt, was a Polish-British actress, author, and writer best known for her work in horror films of the 1960s and 1970s. Ingoushka Petrov was born in Warsaw, Poland, to a German father of Russian descent and a Polish Jewish mother. During World War II, she and her family were imprisoned in Stutthof concentration camp in Sztutowo, Free City of Danzig (present-day Nowy Dwór Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland). She survived, and in Berlin, in the 1950s, married an American soldier, Laud Roland Pitt Jr., and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8799094", "chunk_text": "\"Joanna Cassidy\"\nUpper East Side socialite and mother-in-law to the show's protagonist Jill Weber (Jill Kargman). On March 12, 2018, Joanna Cassidy appeared in a 30 minute television interview talk show with Host Ken Boxer on \"\"Ken Boxer Live,\"\" taped in Santa Barbara, California. Joanna Cassidy Joanna Cassidy (born August 2, 1945) is an American actress. She is best known for her roles as the replicant Zhora Salome in Ridley Scott's film \"\"Blade Runner\"\" (1982) and Dolores in \"\"Who Framed Roger Rabbit\"\" (1988). She has won a Golden Globe Award, was nominated for three Emmy Awards and also was nominated for a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10694710", "chunk_text": "Battlecreek\nBattlecreek Battlecreek is a 2017 American romantic drama film starring Bill Skarsgård, Paula Malcomson and Claire van der Boom, and directed by Alison Eastwood. It is about a young man with a rare skin disease that forces him to avoid sunlight. He meets a young woman after her car breaks down, which leads him to change his life. Henry Pearl (Bill Skarsgård ) is a young man who suffers from a rare skin disease that results in severe burns from sun exposure. He has scarring on his body from a childhood accident that occurred when he wandered outside, unsupervised. His", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18448316", "chunk_text": "\"Laura Haddock\"\nand played Vivian Wembley in the Michael Bay film \"\"\"\", which was released on 21 June 2017. Haddock married actor Sam Claflin in July 2013 after dating for two years. On 5 November 2015, at \"\"\"\" London premiere, it was revealed that Claflin and Haddock were expecting their first child. Haddock gave birth to their child, a son Pip, on 10 December 2015. The couple welcomed a daughter in January 2018. Laura Haddock Laura Jane Haddock (born 21 August 1985) is an English actress. She is best known for portraying Kacie Carter in \"\"Honest\"\", Lucrezia in \"\"Da Vinci's Demons\"\", Meredith", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18945112", "chunk_text": "\"War Machine (film)\"\njoined the film to play Gen. Stanley McChrystal's civilian press adviser. On August 11, 2015, John Magaro signed on to play Cory Burger, a special ops soldier and close advisor to General McMahon. On August 14, 2015, Scoot McNairy joined the cast of the film. On August 19, 2015, Anthony Michael Hall was added to the cast to play General Hank Pulver, loosely based on General Mike Flynn. On August 20, 2015, Keith Stanfield signed on to the film. The same day, Will Poulter also joined the cast for an unspecified role. On August 25, Anthony Hayes joined the film.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5470292", "chunk_text": "\"Natasha Henstridge\"\nfinalized in February 2018. In November 2017, during the height of the #MeToo movement, Henstridge joined six other actresses in accusing director Brett Ratner of sexual misconduct and harassment; she maintains that he forced her to perform oral sex on him in the early 1990s. Natasha Henstridge Natasha Henstridge (born August 15, 1974) is a Canadian actress and model. In 1995, she came to prominence with her debut role in the science-fiction thriller \"\"Species\"\", followed by \"\"Species II\"\" and \"\"Species III\"\". Other notable film and television roles include \"\"The Whole Nine Yards\"\", \"\"The Whole Ten Yards\"\", \"\"Ghosts of Mars\"\", \"\"She", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20782136", "chunk_text": "\"Marielle Jaffe\"\nMarielle Jaffe Jaclyn Marielle Jaffe (born June 23, 1989) is an American actress, singer and model. Jaffe was born in Valencia, California. She made her feature film debut as Aphrodite Girl in the 2010 film, \"\"\"\". In April 2011, she landed a lead role in Wes Craven's slasher film \"\"Scream 4\"\", playing Olivia Morris. Later that year she played the wife of Taylor Lautner's character in Funny or Die's spoof, \"\"Field of Dreams 2: Lockout\"\". She participated with another Funny or Die short, \"\"Hollywood Takes a Stand Against Planking\"\". She landed a recurring role on ABC Family's hit TV show", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "834973", "chunk_text": "\"Moon Bloodgood\"\na series regular to the third season of the medical drama \"\"Code Black\"\". Bloodgood was previously married to Grady Hall. On December 15, 2012, Bloodgood gave birth to their first child, daughter Pepper. Their second child, Archie, was born on December 19, 2015. Moon Bloodgood Korinna Moon Bloodgood (born September 20, 1975) is an American actress and model, known for her role as Lt. Blair Williams in the 2009 film \"\"Terminator Salvation\"\" and as Anne Glass in the TNT television series \"\"Falling Skies\"\". Bloodgood was born in Alliance, Nebraska, on September 20, 1975, but was raised in Anaheim, California. Her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14351560", "chunk_text": "\"Hailee Steinfeld\"\nLife\"\". It was released as a single from the soundtrack of the film \"\"Bumblebee\"\". 2016 2018 Hailee Steinfeld Hailee Steinfeld (born December 11, 1996) is an American actress and singer. She has been nominated for awards including an Oscar, a Golden Globe, a BAFTA, and four Critics Choice Awards, winning one for Best Young Performer. Her breakthrough role was that of Mattie Ross in \"\"True Grit\"\" (2010), for which she was nominated for numerous awards, including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Thereafter, Steinfeld gained prominence for roles in \"\"Ender's Game\"\" (2013) and \"\"Romeo & Juliet\"\" (2013). She appeared", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14211118", "chunk_text": "\"Abby Brammell\"\nin \"\"The Unit\"\" as \"\"Tiffy Gerhardt\"\", a housewife who was having an affair with her husband's commanding officer when her husband was on assignment and at one time was physically abused. She also appeared in an episode of \"\"NCIS\"\" in season 8 episode 3 \"\"Short Fuse\"\" as Marine Sergeant Heather Dempsey. Bramwell played Tamara Moor in the 2012 thriller \"\"Playdate\"\", a made-for-television film produced in the United States. In addition, she recently guest starred on \"\"Medium\"\", \"\"The Mentalist\"\", \"\"Lie to Me\"\", \"\"Criminal Minds\"\", and \"\"Castle\"\". Brammell appeared as the wife of Steve Jobs, played by Ashton Kutcher, in the 2013", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8445996", "chunk_text": "\"Ingeborga Dapkūnaitė\"\nand \"\"Seven Years in Tibet\"\" (1997), the latter of which featured her as the wife of Heinrich Harrer (played by Brad Pitt). She is best known for her portrayal of Maroussia, the wife of Colonel Sergei Kotov (portrayed by Nikita Mikhalkov) in Mikhalkov's Academy Award-winning film \"\"Burnt by the Sun\"\" (1994). In 2001 she was a member of the jury at the 23rd Moscow International Film Festival. She also portrayed the Russian Tsaritsa Imperatritsa Aleksandra Fyodorovna Romanova in the 2003 British mini-series \"\"The Lost Prince\"\", and was mother to Thomas Harris's fictional cannibal and serial killer, also known to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8423303", "chunk_text": "\"Michelle Monaghan\"\nMichelle Monaghan Michelle Lynn Monaghan (born March 23, 1976) is an American actress. She is best known for her starring roles in \"\"Kiss Kiss Bang Bang\"\" (2005), \"\"Gone Baby Gone\"\" (2007), \"\"Made of Honor\"\" (2008), \"\"Eagle Eye\"\" (2008), \"\"Source Code\"\" (2011), \"\"Pixels\"\" (2015), and \"\"Patriots Day\"\" (2016). She has also received recognition for her starring role as Julia Meade in the action spy film series \"\"\"\", appearing in \"\"\"\" (2006), \"\"\"\" (2011), and \"\"\"\" (2018). On television, Monaghan starred as Maggie Hart in the first season of the anthology crime drama series \"\"True Detective\"\" (2014), for which she received a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6894820", "chunk_text": "\"Ron Samuels\"\nRon Samuels Ron Samuels is an American film producer and artist manager. His film production credits include \"\"Iron Eagle\"\" (1986), \"\"\"\" (1992), and \"\"Ravenhawk\"\" (1996). Samuels owned a television production company in Beverly Hills, California bearing his name. In addition to having Lynda Carter as a former management client, in the 1970s, he previously represented other television stars, including actress Lindsay Wagner of The Bionic Woman fame, as well as American stuntman Evel Knievel and Spanish-American actress/comedian Charo. Samuels was married to \"\"Wonder Woman\"\" actress Lynda Carter from May 28, 1977 to February 1, 1982. He is now married to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9800772", "chunk_text": "\"Diane Kruger\"\nDiane Kruger Diane Kruger (née Heidkrüger; ; born 15 July 1976) is a German-American actress and former fashion model. She is known for roles such as Helen in the epic war film \"\"Troy\"\" (2004), Dr. Abigail Chase in the heist film \"\"National Treasure\"\" (2004) and (2007), Bridget von Hammersmark in Quentin Tarantino's war film \"\"Inglourious Basterds\"\" (2009), and Gina in the psychological thriller film \"\"Unknown\"\" (2011). She also starred as Detective Sonya Cross in the FX crime drama series \"\"The Bridge\"\" (2013–14). In 2017, she made her German-language debut in Fatih Akin's \"\"In the Fade\"\", for which she won the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4155088", "chunk_text": "\"Brad Pitt filmography\"\nbiopic sports drama \"\"Moneyball\"\"—both of which were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture. He also garnered a Best Actor nomination for the latter. His biggest commercial success came with the apocalyptic film \"\"World War Z\"\" (2013), which has grossed a total of $540 million worldwide. Pitt produced the period drama \"\"12 Years a Slave\"\" (2013), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Picture. In 2014, he starred in the war film \"\"Fury\"\" which received positive reviews from critics and proved to be successful at the box office. Brad Pitt filmography Brad Pitt is an American actor", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4093412", "chunk_text": "\"Eunice Huthart\"\nsuch films as \"\"The Fifth Element\"\", \"\"Titanic\"\", \"\"The Avengers\"\", \"\"The Wolfman\"\" and the \"\"Tomb Raider\"\" series. She frequently doubles for Angelina Jolie (and is godmother to her daughter Shiloh Jolie-Pitt), most recently in \"\"Salt\"\". She has also been a stunt co-ordinator for the film \"\"V for Vendetta\"\" and more recently for the 2010 film \"\"Alice in Wonderland\"\",and Pan. She is credited as Stunt Coordinator on episodes of BBC's \"\"Paradox\"\". In 2013, Huthart became embroiled in the NewsCorp phone hacking scandal when she alleged that \"\"The Sun\"\" and \"\"News of the World\"\" newspapers hacked her voicemails while she was working as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4084208", "chunk_text": "\"Nicole Muirbrook\"\nby Jada Pinkett Smith. Her highest profile appearance is in a commercial for Lynx Bullet. She stars in the 2009 film \"\"I Hope They Serve Beer in Hell\"\" as Christina. She is the face model for Nvidia's tech Demo, \"\"Medusa\"\". Nicole Muirbrook Nicole Muirbrook (born March 19, 1983) is an American model and actress. Muirbrook was born on March 19, 1983 in Salt Lake City, Utah. After a previous failed marriage to editor Christian Wagner, Muirbrook married screenwriter Taylor Sheridan in 2013. As a model, Muirbrook has appeared on the covers of \"\"Vanidades\"\", \"\"Vogue Girl\"\", \"\"Blush\"\" and \"\"Bella\"\". Muirbrook appeared", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4900717", "chunk_text": "\"Nicole Kidman\"\nNicole Kidman Nicole Mary Kidman (born 20 June 1967) is an Australian actress and producer. She is the recipient of multiple awards, including an Academy Award, two Primetime Emmy Awards, five Golden Globe Awards, and the Silver Bear for Best Actress. Kidman began her acting career in Australia with the 1983 film \"\"Bush Christmas\"\". In the same year, she starred in \"\"BMX Bandits,\"\" also filmed in Australia. Her breakthrough came in 1989 with the thriller \"\"Dead Calm\"\" and the television miniseries \"\"Bangkok Hilton\"\". In 1990, she made her Hollywood debut in the racing film \"\"Days of Thunder\"\", opposite Tom Cruise.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18237082", "chunk_text": "\"The Operators (book)\"\nin the \"\"Wall Street Journal\"\" reviewer Mark Moyar slammed the book, stating \"\"In contrast to many of the other correspondents covering Afghanistan, Mr. Hastings has not invested the effort required to comprehend the war's complexities.\"\" The book became a \"\"New York Times\"\" bestseller. On 14 April 2014, it was announced that David Michôd will write and direct \"\"The Operators\"\", which was subsequently retitled \"\"War Machine\"\". The 2017 film was jointly produced by Plan B Entertainment, New Regency, Netflix and RatPac Entertainment, and starred Brad Pitt. The Operators (book) The Operators: The Wild and Terrifying Inside Story of America's War in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5787079", "chunk_text": "\"Ron Samuels\"\nactress and former Ms. Olympia, Rachel McLish. Ron Samuels Ron Samuels is an American film producer and artist manager. His film production credits include \"\"Iron Eagle\"\" (1986), \"\"\"\" (1992), and \"\"Ravenhawk\"\" (1996). Samuels owned a television production company in Beverly Hills, California bearing his name. In addition to having Lynda Carter as a former management client, in the 1970s, he previously represented other television stars, including actress Lindsay Wagner of The Bionic Woman fame, as well as American stuntman Evel Knievel and Spanish-American actress/comedian Charo. Samuels was married to \"\"Wonder Woman\"\" actress Lynda Carter from May 28, 1977 to February", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6546477", "chunk_text": "\"Kelli Barrett\"\nWorld Turns\"\", \"\"Chicago Fire\"\" and \"\"I Just Want My Pants Back\"\". She made minor appearances on \"\"The Good Wife\"\", \"\"Person of Interest\"\", \"\"Ugly Betty\"\" and \"\"Blue Bloods\"\". She became part of the successful Marvel Cinematic Universe franchise by portraying Maria Castle in \"\"Marvel's The Punisher\"\". Kelli Barrett is married to fellow actor Jarrod Spector. They considered themselves best friends when they first met as they would collaborate over various performances. They eventually began dating and married on October 26, 2014. Kelli Barrett Kelli Barrett (born January 26, 1984) is an American actress. Kelli Barrett was raised by a single mother", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18201168", "chunk_text": "\"Kelly Preston\"\nAvery Bishop in \"\"Jerry Maguire\"\" (1996) with Tom Cruise, Jane Aubrey in \"\"For Love of the Game\"\" with Kevin Costner and Kate Newell in \"\"Holy Man\"\" (1998) with Eddie Murphy and Jeff Goldblum. In 1997, she starred in \"\"Nothing to Lose\"\", co-starting Tim Robbins and Martin Lawrence, although Lawrence and Preston don’t share any screen credit. She played the girlfriend of her husband John Travolta's character \"\"Terl\"\" in the 2000 film \"\"Battlefield Earth\"\", and received \"\"Worst Supporting Actress\"\" at the 21st Golden Raspberry Awards for her role in the film. In 2005, she appeared as the flying, superheroine mother of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_287	who invented the cornell method of note taking?	n/a	[ "Walter Pauk" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16584646", "chunk_text": "Note-taking\ndigital devices when required. The Cornell Method is a systematical structure that help organize your notes, actively involve you in the creation of knowledge, improve your study expertness, and lead to academic success. The Cornell method of taking notes was developed by Dr. Walter Pauk of Cornell University in 1940's. This effective system for taking notes was made prestigious by Pauk's best selling book \"\"How To Study In College\"\" and is commonly used at many universities today. The Cornell method consists of dividing a single page into three sections: Notes, Cues and a Summary, its own system is characterized by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5086233", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell Notes\"\nCornell Notes The Cornell Notes system (also Cornell note-taking system, Cornell method, or Cornell way) is a note-taking system devised in the 1940s by Walter Pauk, an education professor at Cornell University. Pauk advocated its use in his best-selling book \"\"How to Study in College\"\". The Cornell method provides a systematic format for condensing and organizing notes. This system of taking notes is designed for a high school or college level student. The student divides the paper into two columns: the note-taking column (usually on the right) is twice the size of the questions/key word column (on the left). The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9476402", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell Notes\"\nonly a fast method of writing notes, but one is able to absorb the information that is given at a faster rate. This results in better exam outcomes. This method can improve student's studying and listening skills. Cornell Notes The Cornell Notes system (also Cornell note-taking system, Cornell method, or Cornell way) is a note-taking system devised in the 1940s by Walter Pauk, an education professor at Cornell University. Pauk advocated its use in his best-selling book \"\"How to Study in College\"\". The Cornell method provides a systematic format for condensing and organizing notes. This system of taking notes is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19454813", "chunk_text": "Note-taking\na right hand column for notes, a left hand column for provoking key words or some type of questions that might help remember key aspects of the topic. Cornell Method also help students worldwide combat the effects of forgetting, which can be instantaneous and complete. It is recommended to read the notes at least 3 times in order for the content to sink in. Otherwise, with time it will be forgotten. For more information please refer to the article Forgetting Curve. Professional notetakers provide access to information for people who cannot take their own notes, in particular the deaf and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9476401", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell Notes\"\nto be better for basic recall. Another study published in the summer of 2013 found that \"\"Students who were taught CN (Cornell notes) did take better notes than those who were not, but they did not have higher achievement results.\"\" The study also stated that \"\"Through analysis of assessment scores, I found no significant difference between the intervention and base classes on achievement.\"\" Cornell note-taking can give students an effectiveness in organization of thoughts that they have been taught and give a better review in recollecting all the information that they have learned. The Cornell note taking system is not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16584635", "chunk_text": "Note-taking\nand add more entries or rows to the outline. Non-linear note-taking involves using mind maps and spidergrams that start with notes in the middle of a page, commonly in an oval representing the topic. Non-linear note taking may require additional sheets of paper extending the notes at the top, bottom or sides, giving an holistic overview of the information. The many types of non-linear note-taking include clustering, concept mapping, the Cornell system, idea mapping, instant replays, Ishikawa diagrams, knowledge maps, learning maps, mind mapping, model maps, the pyramid principle, semantic networks, and SmartWisdom. This method of note taking is useful", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9476400", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell Notes\"\nweek, you will have a greater success rate by retaining more information. When reviewing the material, the student can cover the note-taking (right) column while attempting to answer the questions/keywords in the key word or cue (left) column. The student is encouraged to reflect on the material and review the notes regularly. A study published in 2010 by Wichita State University compared two note taking methods in a secondary English classroom, and found that Cornell Note taking may be of added benefit in cases where students are required to synthesize and apply learned knowledge, while the guided notes method appeared", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15542902", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell University\"\nCornell University Cornell University ( ) is a private and statutory Ivy League research university in Ithaca, New York. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, the university was intended to teach and make contributions in all fields of knowledge—from the classics to the sciences, and from the theoretical to the applied. These ideals, unconventional for the time, are captured in Cornell's founding principle, a popular 1868 Ezra Cornell quotation: \"\"I would found an institution where any person can find instruction in any study.\"\" The university is broadly organized into seven undergraduate colleges and seven graduate divisions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7201540", "chunk_text": "\"Palmer Method\"\nPalmer Method The Palmer Method of penmanship instruction was developed and promoted by Austin Palmer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was largely created as a simplified style of the \"\"Spencerian Method\"\", which had been the major standardized system of handwriting since the 1840s. The Palmer Method soon became the most popular handwriting system in the United States. Under the method, students were taught to adopt a uniform system of cursive writing with rhythmic motions. The method developed around 1888 and was introduced in the book \"\"Palmer's Guide to Business Writing\"\" (1894). Palmer's method involved \"\"muscle motion\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17340872", "chunk_text": "Note-taking\nNote-taking Note-taking (sometimes written as notetaking or note taking) is the practice of recording information captured from another source. By taking notes, the writer records the essence of the information, freeing their mind from having to recall everything. Notes are commonly drawn from a transient source, such as an oral discussion at a meeting, or a lecture (notes of a meeting are usually called minutes), in which case the notes may be the only record of the event. Note taking is a form of self discipline. Note-taking has been an important part of human history and scientific development. The Ancient", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16837638", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell Notes\"\nstudent should leave five to seven lines, or about , at the bottom of the page. Notes from a lecture or teaching are written in the note-taking column; notes usually consist of the main ideas of the text or lecture, and long ideas are paraphrased. Long sentences are avoided; symbols or abbreviations are used instead. To assist with future reviews, relevant questions (which should be recorded as soon as possible so that the lecture and questions will be fresh in the student's mind) or key words are written in the key word column. These notes can be taken from any", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20943915", "chunk_text": "Note-taking\nGreeks developed hypomnema, personal records on important subjects. In the Renaissance and early modern period, students learned to take notes in schools, academies and universities, oftentimes producing beautiful volumes that served as reference works after they finished their studies. In predigital times there were many kinds of notebooks used by adults, some of which included accounting waste books, marginalia, and commonplace books. Philosopher John Locke developed an indexing system which served as a model for commonplace books; for example, it inspired another book, \"\"Bell’s Common-Place Book, Formed generally upon the Principles Recommended and Practised by Mr Locke\"\" nearly a century", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9476399", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell Notes\"\nsource of information, such as fiction books, DVDs, lectures, text books, etc. It's important to recite the information by covering the note-taking column (with a paper or folder, for example) and then looking at the questions or cue-words column, and saying the answers to the questions, ideas, or facts in your own words. Ask yourself questions while studying: \"\"Why is this material significant?\"\" \"\"How can I apply this to the real-world?\"\" Take the time to study your Cornell Notes, take at least 10 minutes each week and go over your notes. By studying a little bit each day or each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20879054", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell College\"\nCornell College Cornell College is a private liberal arts college in Mount Vernon, Iowa. Originally called the Iowa Conference Seminary, the school was founded in 1853 by George Bryant Bowman. Four years later, in 1857, the name was changed to Cornell College, in honor of iron tycoon William Wesley Cornell, who was a distant relative of Ezra Cornell (founder of Cornell University in Ithaca, New York). Cornell students study \"\"one course at a time\"\" (commonly referred to as \"\"the block plan\"\" or \"\"OCAAT\"\"). Since 1978, school years have been divided into \"\"blocks\"\" of three-and-a-half weeks each (usually followed by a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20532880", "chunk_text": "Note-taking\nreview, allowing a lot of information to be digested in a short period of time. Outlining is less effective for classes that involve many formulas and graphs, like mathematics or chemistry. In these situations, a system such as Cornell notes may be superior. Outlines tend to proceed down a page, using headings and bullets to structure information. A common system consists of headings that use Roman numerals, letters of the alphabet, and Arabic numerals at different levels. A typical structure would be: However, this sort of structure has limitations in written form since it is difficult to go back and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8943478", "chunk_text": "Nyctography\nNyctography Nyctography is a form of substitution cipher writing created by Lewis Carroll (Charles Lutwidge Dodgson) in 1891. Nyctography is written with a nyctograph (also invented by Carroll) and uses a system of dots and strokes all based on a dot placed in the upper left corner. Using the Nyctograph, one could quickly jot down ideas or notes without the aid of light. Carroll invented the Nyctograph and Nyctography because he was often awakened during the night with thoughts that needed to be written down immediately, and didn't want to go through the lengthy process of lighting a lamp just", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20532896", "chunk_text": "Note-taking\ntraditional methods of note-taking. A study done by Pam A. Mueller of Princeton University and Daniel M. Oppenheimer of the University of California have shown that students who take notes digitally against students who take notes on paper retain less information and have difficulties remembering what they've typed down. Electronic note-taking has created computer-aided distractions in class as multitasking on laptops is very easy to accomplish. However these researches are only about typing notes on laptops, not writing on tablets. Laptops are usually a controlled device in classrooms and students may or not be able to take notes on their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20532879", "chunk_text": "Note-taking\nwent over. Linear note-taking is the process of writing down information in the order in which you receive it. Paper is itself two-dimensional so linear notes follow the natural succession of time 1,2, and so on, beginning, middle and end. However, the human brain is thought to be multi-dimensional: the more connections one makes to current knowledge, the greater the likelihood of understanding, remembering and applying the information. Outlining is one of the most common but still one of the best note-taking systems. Notes and thoughts are organised in a structured, logical manner, reducing the time needed to edit and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12278083", "chunk_text": "\"Shape note\"\npermission to Little and Smith to make use in their publications of the shape notes to which he claimed the rights. Little and Smith did not themselves claim credit for the invention, but said instead that the notes were invented around 1790 by John Connelly of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Andrew Law asserted that he was the inventor of shape notes. Shape notes proved popular in America, and quickly a wide variety of hymnbooks were prepared making use of them. The shapes were eventually extirpated in the northeastern U.S. by a so-called \"\"better music\"\" movement, headed by Lowell Mason. But in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6698309", "chunk_text": "\"Theodore William Dwight\"\nthe case method, and left to found New York Law School. At Columbia, Dwight was the creator of the Dwight method of legal instruction, which emphasized memorization of treatises, practice drills, and frequent moot courts. The Dwight method was in competition with the case method developed by Christopher Columbus Langdell, then Dean of Harvard, which emphasized the study of individual cases, and inductive reasoning. As described by Columbia Professor Peter Strauss, \"\"Where Dwight aimed to give a sound knowledge of the law to men of average ability, Harvard's case method aimed to give as much intellectual stimulation as possible to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4993207", "chunk_text": "\"Perry Webster Gilbert\"\nof the U.S. Army and Navy for six days a week, every week for a year except Christmas Day. Gilbert was known among the student population for drawing multi-colored, symmetrical drawings on the chalkboard using both hands simultaneously, and for giving summative philosophical thoughts at the end of each lecture. He also kept a collection of note cards with details on every one of his students, which he used to remember particulars of over 5000 students in the course of his career. During Gilbert's time at Cornell, the University underwent a departmental reorganization that resulted in the formation of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12638439", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Haven Hall\"\nFrank Haven Hall Frank Haven Hall (February 9, 1841 – January 3, 1911) was an American inventor and essayist who is credited with inventing the Hall braille writer and the stereographer machine. He also invented the first successful mechanical point writer and developed major functions of modern day typography with kerning and tracking. Born in Mechanic Falls, Maine he served in the Union Army's Maine Volunteers during the American Civil War. After the war he attended Bates College in Lewiston before initiating a teaching career. From 1862 to 1867, he thought at private and public schools throughout the greater Illinois", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1344073", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell University Library\"\nof research value produced in the countries of Southeast Asia and publications about the region published in other parts of the world. Initially, the system was a collection of 18,000 volumes stored in Morrill Hall. Daniel Willard Fiske, Cornell's first librarian, donated his entire estate to the university upon his death, as did President Andrew Dickson White. Under Fiske's direction, Cornell's library introduced a number of innovations, including allowing undergraduate students to browse through the books and check them out. By 1885, the library had installed electric lights and stayed open 12 hours per day (instead of only a few", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1797872", "chunk_text": "\"David H. Shepard\"\nDavid H. Shepard David Hammond Shepard (September 30, 1923 – November 24, 2007) was an American inventor, who invented among other things, the first optical character recognition device, first voice recognition system and the Farrington B numeric font used on credit cards. Shepard was born September 30, 1923 in Milwaukee. His father died when he was 2 and his mother when he was 10. His guardian was Laurens Hammond who invented the Hammond organ. He graduated in electrical engineering from Cornell in 1945 and then University of Michigan with a master's degree in Mathematics in 1947. He worked during World", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12638455", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Haven Hall\"\ninclude: Frank Haven Hall Frank Haven Hall (February 9, 1841 – January 3, 1911) was an American inventor and essayist who is credited with inventing the Hall braille writer and the stereographer machine. He also invented the first successful mechanical point writer and developed major functions of modern day typography with kerning and tracking. Born in Mechanic Falls, Maine he served in the Union Army's Maine Volunteers during the American Civil War. After the war he attended Bates College in Lewiston before initiating a teaching career. From 1862 to 1867, he thought at private and public schools throughout the greater", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12559226", "chunk_text": "\"Library hand\"\nLibrary hand Library hand is a rounded style of handwriting once taught in library schools. The intention was to ensure uniformity and legibility in the handwritten cards of library catalogs. Beginning in September 1885, Melvil Dewey and Thomas Edison developed and perfected the approved library hand to be taught in library school and used in libraries. The 1903 Handbook of the New York State Library School listed the requirements of library hand. They included legibility, speed, and uniformity. The particular type of ink, inkstands, pens, penholders, and erasers was specified. The standards for lettering were dictated in regard to size,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12559227", "chunk_text": "\"Library hand\"\nslant, spacing, special letters and figures, and even the proper posture and position of the writer was outlined. The teaching of library hand declined after the widespread introduction of the typewriter in the early 20th century. Library hand Library hand is a rounded style of handwriting once taught in library schools. The intention was to ensure uniformity and legibility in the handwritten cards of library catalogs. Beginning in September 1885, Melvil Dewey and Thomas Edison developed and perfected the approved library hand to be taught in library school and used in libraries. The 1903 Handbook of the New York State", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20713099", "chunk_text": "\"Alan Amron\"\nArthur Fry and Spencer Silver invented the bookmark in 1974, originally called the Press 'n' Peel bookmark. However, the case was dismissed, to which Alan Amron said with disappointment, “it’s not surprising that big money beat little money.” In July 2016 a former 3M marketing department employee, Daniel Dassow, voluntarily came forward as an eyewitness that in 1974 Alan Amron had in fact disclosed his Press-on memo sticky notes invention to 3M. Alan Amron Alan Amron (born November 20, 1948) is an American inventor who holds 40 United States patents. He is also involved in a popular dispute of $400", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16425405", "chunk_text": "Penmanship\nPenmanship Penmanship is the technique of writing with the hand using a writing instrument. Today, this is most commonly done with a pen, or pencil, but throughout history has included many different implements. The various generic and formal historical styles of writing are called \"\"hands\"\" while an individual's style of penmanship is referred to as \"\"handwriting\"\". The earliest example of systematic writing is the Sumerian pictographic system found on clay tablets, which eventually developed around 3200 BC into a modified version called cuneiform which was impressed on wet clay with a sharpened reed. This form of writing eventually evolved into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11097667", "chunk_text": "Typing\nTyping Typing is the process of writing or inputting text by pressing keys on a typewriter, computer keyboard, cell phone, or calculator. It can be distinguished from other means of text input, such as handwriting and speech recognition. Text can be in the form of letters, numbers and other symbols. The world's first typist was Lillian Sholes from Wisconsin, the daughter of Christopher Sholes, who invented the first practical typewriter. User interface features such as spell checker and autocomplete serve to facilitate and speed up typing and to prevent or correct errors the typist may make. The basic technique stands", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "911426", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell University\"\nChairman Andrew Tisch ('71), Burger King founder James McLamore ('47), Hotels.com founder David Litman ('79), PeopleSoft founder David Duffield ('62), Priceline.com founder Jay Walker ('77), Staples founder Myra Hart ('62), Qualcomm founder Irwin M. Jacobs ('56), Tata Group CEO Ratan Tata ('62),Nintendo of America President and COO Reggie Fils-Aimé, and Johnson & Johnson worldwide chairman Sandi Peterson. In medicine, alumnus Robert Atkins ('55) developed the Atkins Diet, Henry Heimlich ('47) developed the Heimlich maneuver, Wilson Greatbatch ('50) invented the pacemaker, James Maas ('66; also a faculty member) coined the term \"\"power nap\"\", and C. Everett Koop ('41) served as Surgeon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "115639", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell University\"\nStates Secretary of State, and Chief Justice of the United States. Georgios Papanikolaou, who taught at Cornell's medical school from 1913 to 1961, invented the Pap smear test for cervical cancer. Robert C. Baker ('43), widely credited for inventing the chicken nugget, taught at Cornell from 1957 to 1989. Carl Sagan was a professor at the university from 1968 to 1996. He narrated and co-wrote the PBS series \"\"\"\", the Emmy Award- and Peabody Award-winning show that became the most watched series in public-television history. He also wrote the novel \"\"Contact\"\", the basis for a 1997 film of the same", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9742974", "chunk_text": "\"Hamden L. Forkner\"\nHamden L. Forkner Hamden Landon Forkner, Sr. (March 10, 1897 – November 25, 1975) was an American educator and writer who created Future Business Leaders of America, an educational organization for high school and college students, and developed the Forkner shorthand system for taking dictation. He was born on March 10, 1897 to Allen F. Forkner and Lucy Adline Irvine. Forkner, a graduate of the University of California at Berkeley, was the head of the business and vocational education department at Teachers College, Columbia University from 1937 to 1958. During his career, he was also president and permanent honorary vice", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7712723", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell University Press\"\nCornell University Press The Cornell University Press is a division of Cornell University housed in Sage House, the former residence of Henry William Sage. It was first established in 1869 but inactive from 1884 to 1930, making it the first university publishing enterprise in the United States. The press was established in the College of the Mechanic Arts (as mechanical engineering was called in the 19th century) because engineers knew more about running steam-powered printing presses than literature professors. Since its inception, the press has offered work-study financial aid: students with previous training in the printing trades were paid for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "563482", "chunk_text": "\"Arthur Fry\"\nArthur Fry Arthur Fry (born 19 August 1931) is a retired American inventor and scientist. He is credited as the co-creator of the Post-it Note, an item of office stationery manufactured by 3M. As of 2006, Post-it products are sold in more than 100 countries. Fry was born in Minnesota and subsequently lived in Iowa and Kansas City. He received his early education in a one-room rural schoolhouse. In 1953, while still enrolled in undergraduate school, Fry took a job at 3M (then called Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company) as a new product development researcher. He worked in new product", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19363826", "chunk_text": "\"Arthur Fry\"\nhad in fact disclosed his Press-on memo sticky notes invention to 3M. Arthur Fry Arthur Fry (born 19 August 1931) is a retired American inventor and scientist. He is credited as the co-creator of the Post-it Note, an item of office stationery manufactured by 3M. As of 2006, Post-it products are sold in more than 100 countries. Fry was born in Minnesota and subsequently lived in Iowa and Kansas City. He received his early education in a one-room rural schoolhouse. In 1953, while still enrolled in undergraduate school, Fry took a job at 3M (then called Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11279650", "chunk_text": "\"Ezra Cornell\"\nday in 1831. Ezra Cornell Ezra Cornell (; January 11, 1807 – December 9, 1874) was an American businessman, politician, philanthropist and educational administrator. He was the founder of Western Union and a co-founder of Cornell University. He also served as President of the New York Agriculture Society and as a New York state Senator. He was born in Westchester Landing, in what would become the Bronx, New York, the son of Eunice (Barnard), and a potter, Elijah Cornell, and was raised near DeRuyter, New York. He was a cousin of Paul Cornell, the founder of Chicago's Hyde Park neighborhood.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4365539", "chunk_text": "\"Tironian notes\"\n\"\"Tiro then combined these mixed signs like notes in a score to record not just phrases, but, as Cicero marvels in a letter to Atticus, 'whole sentences'\"\". Dio Cassius attributes the invention of shorthand to Maecenas, and states that he employed his freedman Aquila in teaching the system to numerous others. Isidore of Seville, however, details another version of the early history of the system, ascribing the invention of the art to Quintus Ennius, who he says invented 1100 marks (). Isidore states that Tiro brought the practice to Rome, but only used Tironian notes for prepositions. According to Plutarch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17403610", "chunk_text": "\"Intensive journal method\"\nIntensive journal method The intensive journal method is a psychotherapeutic technique largely developed in 1966 at Drew University and popularized by Ira Progoff (1921–1998). It consists of a series of writing exercises using loose leaf notebook paper in a simple ring binder, divided into sections to help in accessing various areas of the writer's life. These include a dialogue section for the personification of things, a \"\"depth dimension\"\" to aid in accessing the subconscious and other places for recording remembrances and meditations. The original Intensive Journal contained only 16 sections, but was later expanded to include five additional sections as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8692339", "chunk_text": "\"William Bell Wait\"\nWilliam Bell Wait William Bell Wait (1839–1916) was a teacher in the New York Institute for the Education of the Blind who invented New York Point, a system of writing for the blind that was adopted widely in the United States before the Braille system was universally adopted there. Mr. Wait also applied the New York Point principles to adapt them for use in over 20 languages, created a form of New York Point to notate music, and invented a number of devices to better type and print embossed material for the visually impaired. Wait grew up in New York", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4141533", "chunk_text": "\"Ellen Spencer Mussey\"\nEllen Spencer Mussey Ellen Spencer Mussey (1850 - 1936) was a lawyer, educator, and pioneer in the field of women's rights to legal education. She was the daughter of Platt Rogers Spencer, a reformer and promoter of the Spencerian Method, the widely used form of handwriting. Mussey was born on May 13, 1850, in Geneva, Ohio, United States. Between the age of 12 and the time of her father's death, when she was age 14, she was an assistant at his penmanship school. Thereafter she took up residence with relatives and attended Rice's Young Ladies' Seminary in Poughkeepsie, New York,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17217250", "chunk_text": "\"Mae Carden\"\nMae Carden Mae Carden (1894–1977) was an American educator who developed the Carden Method. She created the code for words, and taking apart sentences and knowing how to put them back together. Mae Carden established the first Carden School in 1934 at 24 East 68th Street in New York City. Two years later she moved it to 43 East 67th Street. She demonstrated that children can gain an understanding of their own language and attain the ability to use it correctly when reading, listening, speaking, or writing. Her goal was to teach children to think; her main techniques were analysis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19006415", "chunk_text": "\"Frank Edward McGurrin\"\nFrank Edward McGurrin Frank Edward McGurrin (April 2, 1861 – August 17, 1933) invented Touch Typing in 1888. He was a court stenographer at Salt Lake City who taught typing classes. He taught himself to touch type without looking at the keys, before challenging and won a competition. On July 25, 1888, McGurrin, who was purportedly the only person using touch typing at the time, won a decisive victory over Louis Traub (operating Caligraph with eight-finger method) in a typing contest held in Cincinnati. The results were displayed on the front pages of many newspapers. McGurrin won $500 ($10,820 in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16584634", "chunk_text": "Note-taking\ninsert more information. Adaptive systems are used for paper-and-pen insertions, such as using the reverse side of the preceding page in a spiral notebook to make insertions. Or one can simply leave large spaces in between items, to enable more material to be inserted. The above method is effective for most people, but you can be creative in making your own method. (See for more about application software that supports outlining). However, computerized note-taking, whether with a word processor, an outliner like Workflowy, or a digital notebook program such as OneNote, Evernote or TiddlyWiki, provides the opportunity to revise easily", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20573401", "chunk_text": "\"Intensive journal method\"\nand elsewhere. Intensive journal method The intensive journal method is a psychotherapeutic technique largely developed in 1966 at Drew University and popularized by Ira Progoff (1921–1998). It consists of a series of writing exercises using loose leaf notebook paper in a simple ring binder, divided into sections to help in accessing various areas of the writer's life. These include a dialogue section for the personification of things, a \"\"depth dimension\"\" to aid in accessing the subconscious and other places for recording remembrances and meditations. The original Intensive Journal contained only 16 sections, but was later expanded to include five additional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18824296", "chunk_text": "\"George Lincoln Burr\"\nGeorge Lincoln Burr George Lincoln Burr (January 30, 1857 – June 27, 1938) was a U.S. historian, diplomat, author, and educator, best known as a Professor of History and Librarian at Cornell University, and as the closest collaborator of Andrew Dickson White, the first President of Cornell. Burr was born in Albany, New York and entered the Cortland Academy in 1869, where he first met Andrew Dickson White, who was guest speaker for its 50th anniversary. The financial Panic of 1873 wreaked havoc on his family's finances, and he was forced to leave school and seek employment at age 16.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2191386", "chunk_text": "\"Cornell West Campus\"\nElmer Sperry (the inventor of the gyroscope) and the Cornell graduating classes of 1917, 1918, 1922, 1926, and 1928. In 1987, these buildings were gutted and the original aluminum-framed windows replaced with dark-brown metal casings. More study spaces and kitchens were added, and the capacity of each University Hall was reduced. In 1885, Andrew Dickson White's final presidential report warned the University of the day when \"\"all be hard and dry, [the University]'s buildings mere boxes.\"\" Such a description is apt to describe the Class Halls. All were built in a similar box-like fashion, lacking individualizing characteristics and architectural complexity.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10162114", "chunk_text": "\"Platt Rogers Spencer\"\nPlatt Rogers Spencer Platt Rogers Spencer (also Platt R. Spencer) (November 7, 1800 – May 16, 1864) was the originator of Spencerian penmanship, a popular system of cursive handwriting. He was a teacher and active in the business school movement. Spencer was born in East Fishkill, New York, on November 7, 1800. His father, Caleb, died in 1806, and the family moved to Jefferson, Ohio, in 1810. At the time, it was an unsettled area. Platt became passionately fond of writing. Because paper was difficult to obtain at the time, the boy wrote on birch tree bark, sand, ice, snow,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4936426", "chunk_text": "\"Benjamin D. Wood\"\nBenjamin D. Wood Benjamin DeKalbe Wood (November 10, 1894 – July 6, 1986) was an American educator, researcher, and director / professor at Columbia University. He was a pioneer in learning technologies and automated testing methods. Wood is the creator of the multiple choice test, which was the state-of-the-art way of measuring a teacher's understanding of certain subjects that in the long run influenced their salaries. He helped in the design of the multiple choice form of the pencil-in bubbles used in the 20th-century and the scoring machine that automatically read these forms, saving many hours in manual clerk labor.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6946384", "chunk_text": "\"Spencer Silver\"\ndamages. At a preliminary hearing, a federal judge ordered the parties to undergo mediation. The suit was subsequently dismissed declaring the previous 1998 settlement agreement to be upheld. In July 2016 a former 3M marketing department employee, Daniel Dassow, voluntarily came forward as an eyewitness that in 1974 Alan Amron had in fact disclosed his Press-on memo sticky notes invention to 3M. Spencer Silver Spencer Ferguson Silver, an American chemist who worked together with Arthur Fry to invent the Post-it notes in 1974. (disputed) Silver was born in San Antonio, Texas. He majored in chemistry at Arizona State University, earning", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_288	who sings will you still love me when i'm not young and beautiful?	n/a	[ "Lana Del Rey" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14752286", "chunk_text": "\"Young and Beautiful (Lana Del Rey song)\"\nthe film and played during the scene where the characters portrayed by Leonardo DiCaprio and Carey Mulligan express their romantic feelings for one another. With the lyrics \"\"Will you still love me when I'm no longer young and beautiful?\"\", Del Rey adds a hint of desperation which parallels the idiosyncrasies faced by the characters in F. Scott Fitzgerald's classic novel \"\"The Great Gatsby\"\". Del Rey's dreamy vocals are draped over sedated strings and canned percussion. The soft and dreary vocals, falling in line with Del Rey's retro affectation, fits the atmosphere of the 1920s when the novel is set. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16283157", "chunk_text": "\"Will You Still Love Me? (song)\"\nWill You Still Love Me? (song) \"\"Will You Still Love Me?\"\" is a song written by David Foster, Tom Keane and Richard Baskin for the group Chicago and recorded for their album \"\"Chicago 18\"\" (1986). The second single released from that album, it reached number three on the U.S. \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart in early 1987, prevented from further chart movement by \"\"Keep Your Hands to Yourself\"\" by The Georgia Satellites and \"\"Livin' on a Prayer\"\" by Bon Jovi, and also number two on the Adult Contemporary chart, kept from the top spot by \"\"Ballerina Girl\"\" by Lionel Richie. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14752284", "chunk_text": "\"Young and Beautiful (Lana Del Rey song)\"\nDel Rey penned the original song \"\"Young and Beautiful\"\" for the soundtrack of the 2013 film adaptation of the novel \"\"The Great Gatsby\"\", written from the perspective of Daisy Buchanan. In an interview with Catalunya Ràdio; Del Rey said she had three new songs for her third extended play, \"\"Paradise\"\": \"\"I Sing the Body Electric\"\", \"\"In the Land of Gods and Monsters\"\" and \"\"Will You Still Love Me When I'm No Longer Young and Beautiful.\"\" Del Rey sang the chorus of \"\"Young and Beautiful\"\" during the Catalunya Ràdio broadcast. Baz Luhrmann later gave an interview which contained a Skype chat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16283158", "chunk_text": "\"Will You Still Love Me? (song)\"\nsong was Chicago's first top ten hit following the departure of Peter Cetera, and it featured new singer and bassist Jason Scheff on lead vocals. One of the song's co-writers, Tom Keane had previously fronted the early 1980s band Keane, for which Jason Scheff played bass. In 2003, jazz group Urban Knights, led by pianist Ramsey Lewis, covered the song with vocals by Michelle Williams (Destiny's Child). Will You Still Love Me? (song) \"\"Will You Still Love Me?\"\" is a song written by David Foster, Tom Keane and Richard Baskin for the group Chicago and recorded for their album \"\"Chicago", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2956693", "chunk_text": "\"Keep Young and Beautiful\"\nKeep Young and Beautiful \"\"Keep Young and Beautiful\"\" is a song by Al Dubin (lyrics) and Harry Warren (music), performed by Eddie Cantor and a chorus in the 1933 film \"\"Roman Scandals\"\". A recording by Abe Lyman and His California Orchestra was popular in 1934. Annie Lennox recorded a cover of the song for her album \"\"Diva\"\" (1992). While it does not appear in the original 1980 version, the song is used in act 1 for the 2001 Broadway revival of Warren and Dubin's \"\"42nd Street\"\". The cast recording is performed by Mary Testa, Jonathan Freeman, and the ensemble. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13941803", "chunk_text": "\"When You're Young and in Love\"\n#48 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 in November 1964. Ruby & the Romantics would score one subsequent Hot 100 placing, with \"\"Does He Really Care For Me\"\" (#87).However, \"\"When You're Young...\"\" was a bigger hit in Canada, peaking at #25 on the RPM \"\"Top Tracks\"\". The song was covered in 1967 by the Marvelettes with the track - produced by James Dean and William Weatherspoon - reaching #23 on the Hot 100 that June; its R&B peak was #9. Although not one of the Marvelettes' very biggest US hits, \"\"When You're Young and in Love\"\" became the only record by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1143730", "chunk_text": "\"You Are So Beautiful\"\nappear in the film \"\"\"\" (1985). A live version was released on the group's album \"\"\"\" in 2002. Cocker performed the song along with Ray Charles in a 1983 television tribute to Charles, \"\"A Man and his Soul\"\". You Are So Beautiful \"\"You Are So Beautiful\"\" is a song written by Billy Preston and Bruce Fisher that was first released in 1974 on Preston's ninth studio album, \"\"The Kids & Me\"\". It was also the B-side of his single \"\"Struttin'\"\". Later that same year, English singer Joe Cocker released a slower version of the song on his album \"\"I Can", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14752288", "chunk_text": "\"Young and Beautiful (Lana Del Rey song)\"\na dark room with glittery diamond-tears on her cheek which look like tattoos. Jason Lipshutz of \"\"Billboard\"\" magazine described the video as \"\"somber\"\" and the singer's look as \"\"especially demure\"\". Lipshutz concluded that \"\"the clip ends without ever reaching any kind of conclusion -- much like the rhetorical question 'Will you still love me when I'm no longer young and beautiful?' at the heart of the song.\"\" \"\"Spin\"\"s Marc Hogan described it as \"\"elegantly conceived, but succeed[s] only as much as the music does\"\". An edit of the video set to the Cedric Gervais remix was published on 27 September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9254300", "chunk_text": "\"When You're Young and in Love\"\nWhen You're Young and in Love \"\"When You're Young and in Love\"\" is a song composed by Van McCoy which first became a Top 40 hit single for the Marvelettes in 1967: a remake by the Flying Pickets would reach the UK Top Ten in 1984. The first recording of the song was by Ruby & the Romantics; like all the group's singles on Kapp Records the track was produced by label a&r head Allen Stanton. Released in September 1964, \"\"When You're Young...\"\" reached the Top Five in Honolulu but otherwise failed to register strongly in any US market reaching", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13938056", "chunk_text": "\"Young and in Love\"\nYoung and in Love Young and In Love is the 1979 debut album by American singer Stacy Lattisaw. Released on August 2, 1979 by Cotillion Records (a subsidiary of Atlantic Records), Lattisaw was 12 years old at the time of this release. The lead single peaked at number 91 on the U.S. Soul charts. The album was produced by Van McCoy, one of his final projects before his death from a heart attack. Also, the title track is a cover of the hit 1964 song by Ruby & the Romantics. All tracks composed and arranged by Van McCoy; except where", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2956694", "chunk_text": "\"Keep Young and Beautiful\"\nsong was a favourite of Winston Churchill. Keep Young and Beautiful \"\"Keep Young and Beautiful\"\" is a song by Al Dubin (lyrics) and Harry Warren (music), performed by Eddie Cantor and a chorus in the 1933 film \"\"Roman Scandals\"\". A recording by Abe Lyman and His California Orchestra was popular in 1934. Annie Lennox recorded a cover of the song for her album \"\"Diva\"\" (1992). While it does not appear in the original 1980 version, the song is used in act 1 for the 2001 Broadway revival of Warren and Dubin's \"\"42nd Street\"\". The cast recording is performed by Mary", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15131719", "chunk_text": "\"Young and in Love\"\nindicated Young and in Love Young and In Love is the 1979 debut album by American singer Stacy Lattisaw. Released on August 2, 1979 by Cotillion Records (a subsidiary of Atlantic Records), Lattisaw was 12 years old at the time of this release. The lead single peaked at number 91 on the U.S. Soul charts. The album was produced by Van McCoy, one of his final projects before his death from a heart attack. Also, the title track is a cover of the hit 1964 song by Ruby & the Romantics. All tracks composed and arranged by Van McCoy; except", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1143726", "chunk_text": "\"You Are So Beautiful\"\nYou Are So Beautiful \"\"You Are So Beautiful\"\" is a song written by Billy Preston and Bruce Fisher that was first released in 1974 on Preston's ninth studio album, \"\"The Kids & Me\"\". It was also the B-side of his single \"\"Struttin'\"\". Later that same year, English singer Joe Cocker released a slower version of the song on his album \"\"I Can Stand a Little Rain\"\". Produced by Jim Price, Cocker's version was also issued as a single in January 1975 and became one of his biggest chart hits, peaking at number 5 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100. Some", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12066053", "chunk_text": "\"I Am Beautiful\"\nJohnson's \"\"As Long as You Love Me\"\" failed to enter the Hot 100. I Am Beautiful \"\"I Am Beautiful\"\" is the debut single and coronation song from American recording artist and \"\"American Idol\"\" season 12 winner, Candice Glover. The song was co-written by Joleen Belle and Jaden Michaels, and co-produced by Roahn Hylton and John Lock. Her recording of \"\"I Am Beautiful\"\" was released as a single on May 16, 2013. An acoustic version of the song appeared on her debut album, \"\"Music Speaks\"\" as a bonus track. The original is not included on the album. Glover first performed the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5664645", "chunk_text": "\"Young at Heart (Frank Sinatra song)\"\nRosemary Clooney (on her album \"\"While we're Young\"\"), Bobby Vinton, Tom Waits, Bing Crosby (charting briefly in 1954 at the #24 spot), Barry Manilow (on his album \"\"The Greatest Songs of the Fifties\"\"), Bob Dylan, Landon Pigg, Mark Vincent and Vonda Shepard, James Darren, Monty Alexander, and Michael Bublé (on his album \"\"To Be Loved\"\"). The Cure incorporated verses from \"\"Young At Heart\"\" during concert performances of \"\"Why Can't I Be You?\"\" (widely available on bootlegs). Wild Man Fischer recorded an eccentric version that was included on \"\"The Rhino Brothers Present the World's Worst Records\"\". In 2016, at 90 years", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2305543", "chunk_text": "\"Beautiful 'Cause You Love Me\"\nUnited Kingdom. \"\"Beautiful 'Cause You Love Me\"\" was written by Rachel Moulden and produced by Jim Eliot. The song was described as \"\"a typical pop ballad\"\" by Ayeesha Walsh of \"\"The Sun\"\", while its lyrics were deemed \"\"striking and memorable\"\" by Sam Lansky of Idolator. Amy Sciaretto of PopCrush noted that the lyrics address to \"\"how the love of a good man can make you beautiful, and that love, not looks, are what’s important in life.\"\" During the chorus, the group sings, \"\"Right now the whole world could call me ugly / So what? To you, I'm not / You", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8420264", "chunk_text": "\"Young and Beautiful (Lana Del Rey song)\"\nYoung and Beautiful (Lana Del Rey song) \"\"Young and Beautiful\"\" is a song by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey used for the to the drama film \"\"The Great Gatsby\"\" (2013). It was released on April 23, 2013 through Interscope Records as the lead single from the soundtrack. \"\"Young and Beautiful\"\" was written by Del Rey and Rick Nowels, who also produced the song. The music video features an orchestral version of the song, produced by Dan Heath, which is included on the deluxe edition of the soundtrack. Contemporary music critics lauded the single, calling it \"\"haunting\"\" and \"\"somber\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13941804", "chunk_text": "\"When You're Young and in Love\"\nthe group to achieve hit status in the UK with a #13 peak in July 1967. The track is also one of the last Marvelettes' singles to feature Gladys Horton although the lead is by Wanda Young; Horton would only appear, and lead, on the following two B-Sides. Besides Horton and veteran Marvelette Katherine Anderson, Rogers' vocal backing on \"\"When You're Young...\"\" features Motown's premier session singers the Andantes while the original instrumental backing on the track by the Funk Brothers was augmented by the Detroit Symphony Orchestra. The song had its strongest chart impact via a 1984 cover version", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12786508", "chunk_text": "\"Simply Beautiful\"\nSimply Beautiful \"\"Simply Beautiful\"\" is a 1972 song by Al Green from his album \"\"I'm Still in Love with You\"\". It was sampled by Kanye West for Talib Kweli's song \"\"Good To You,\"\" on Kweli's 2002 album Quality (album). Hip Hop group G-Unit also sampled the song on \"\"Good To Me\"\", from their popular mixtape, \"\"Return of the Body Snatchers\"\". Mary J. Blige's \"\"PMS\"\" sampled the song on her 2001 album, \"\"No More Drama\"\". Destiny's Child sampled the song on the track \"\"Bridges\"\" from their self-titled debut album that was released in 1998. In 2004, Queen Latifah covered the song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16555281", "chunk_text": "\"Live While We're Young\"\nLive While We're Young \"\"Live While We're Young\"\" is a song by English-Irish boy band One Direction, released as the lead single from their second studio album, \"\"Take Me Home\"\" (2012). Written by Savan Kotecha and its producers, Rami Yacoub and Carl Falk, the number was released by Syco Records on 28 September 2012. Falk, Kotecha, and Yacoub had collaboratively helmed One Direction's previous hits, \"\"What Makes You Beautiful\"\" and \"\"One Thing\"\". The track is an uptempo, upbeat bubblegum pop song which features rock undertones, vocal harmonies, hand claps, prominent electric guitar riffs, and repetitive synthesizers. The chorus of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11778935", "chunk_text": "\"The Great Gatsby: Music from Baz Luhrmann's Film\"\n\"\"Will you still love me when I'm no longer young and beautiful?\"\". \"\"Love Is the Drug\"\" originally appeared on Roxy Music's 1975 album \"\"Siren\"\"; the song was written by band members Ferry and Andy Mackay. It contains jazz elements, trumpet wails, and skittering drums as well as honky-tonk, bass sax, sleazy strings, and vocal \"\"oohs\"\". \"\"Over the Love\"\" performed by Florence and the Machine is written from the perspective of Daisy Buchanan. It contains references to the yellow dress she wears and the green light that hovers outside her home on the dock in East Egg; both were inspired by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4823321", "chunk_text": "\"When You're Young and in Love\"\nThe song has also been recorded by Donny and Marie - as \"\"(When You're) Young and in Love\"\" - and The Jets for their 1987 album \"\"Magic\"\". When You're Young and in Love \"\"When You're Young and in Love\"\" is a song composed by Van McCoy which first became a Top 40 hit single for the Marvelettes in 1967: a remake by the Flying Pickets would reach the UK Top Ten in 1984. The first recording of the song was by Ruby & the Romantics; like all the group's singles on Kapp Records the track was produced by label a&r", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4841668", "chunk_text": "\"You're Beautiful\"\nYou're Beautiful \"\"You're Beautiful\"\" is a song co-written by the British singer James Blunt, Sacha Skarbek, and Amanda Ghost for Blunt's debut album, \"\"Back to Bedlam\"\" (2004). It was released as the third single from the album in 2005. In the United Kingdom and Australia, the song reached number one and number two respectively. When released as the debut single from \"\"Back to Bedlam\"\" in Canada and the United States, it reached number one on both charts and received widespread airplay. In 2006, the song won an Ivor Novello Award for airplay. The song has sold 625,000 copies in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "151907", "chunk_text": "\"Bruce Fisher\"\nBruce Fisher Bruce Fisher (born January 8, 1954) is an American songwriter, record producer, playwright best known for his collaborations with Billy Preston. Fisher's best-known songs include \"\"You Are So Beautiful\"\", \"\"Will It Go Round In Circles\"\", and \"\"Nothing from Nothing\"\", all co-written with Preston before 1973. Born in Washington D.C., Fisher was raised in Chicago, Illinois, by his grandmother. He moved to Los Angeles, California, in the early 1970s, where he currently resides. Fisher's best-known songs include \"\"You Are So Beautiful\"\", \"\"Will It Go Round In Circles\"\", and \"\"Nothing from Nothing\"\", all co-written with Preston before 1973. With his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "942598", "chunk_text": "\"Todd Hunter\"\nthe remaining three weeks of January. Hunter and his partner, Johanna, have three sons: Harry, who is part of the entropico.com.au collective. His work can be found at harryhunter.com.au. James and Joey. James is a professional basketball player. Todd Hunter Todd Stuart Hunter (born 22 June 1951 in Waitara) is a New Zealand musician and composer known for his involvement in the band Dragon. Their best known songs are \"\"April Sun in Cuba\"\", \"\"Are You Old Enough?\"\", \"\"Still in Love With You\"\", and \"\"Rain\"\". Hunter also composed John Farnham's hit song \"\"Age Of Reason\"\" with Johanna Pigott and music for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12592706", "chunk_text": "\"When You're Young and in Love\"\nand Reid Whitelaw. The Choice Four version was produced by the song's composer Van McCoy. A 1979 remake of \"\"When You're Young and in Love\"\" is notable as the debut single for Stacy Lattisaw and also for being produced by composer Van McCoy; however the McCoy produced album \"\"Young and in Love\"\" proved neither a critical or commercial success upon release in July 1979 - the month of McCoy's death - with the \"\"When You're Young...\"\" single barely registering on the R&B charts at #91. Gitte made a recording of \"\"When You're Young and in Love\"\" on 23 October 1964.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14245731", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Beautiful Dammitt!\"\nI'm Beautiful Dammitt! \"\"I'm Beautiful Dammitt!\"\" (sometimes printed without punctuation, sometimes simply titled \"\"I'm Beautiful\"\") was the second single released from the Uncanny Alliance LP, \"\"The Groove Won't Bite\"\", released as a CD single and 12\"\". In 1998 singer Bette Midler covered the song, retitled simply \"\"I'm Beautiful\"\", for her album \"\"Bathhouse Betty\"\". That album, the title of which references her time as a performer in gay bathhouses, was catered to the gay community. As such she revised the lyrics to the song to be more specifically directed towards the struggle of gay people to be accepted. In particular there", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12988898", "chunk_text": "\"Meli'sa Morgan\"\nMeli'sa Morgan Joyce Melissa \"\"Meli'sa\"\" Morgan (born December 6, 1964) is an American R&B/Soul singer–songwriter. Morgan had a string of urban contemporary hits starting the mid–1980s through the mid–1990s. Morgan most notable songs includes her cover version of Prince's \"\"Do Me, Baby\"\" (1985), \"\"Do You Still Love Me\"\" (1986) and \"\"Still in Love With You\"\" (1992). Born in Queens, New York, Morgan got her start in the music industry while singing with a church gospel choir called the Starlets of Corona. Morgan cites Chaka Khan as a major influence. Her initial chart entry was as the lead singer of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11999573", "chunk_text": "\"Todd Hunter\"\nTodd Hunter Todd Stuart Hunter (born 22 June 1951 in Waitara) is a New Zealand musician and composer known for his involvement in the band Dragon. Their best known songs are \"\"April Sun in Cuba\"\", \"\"Are You Old Enough?\"\", \"\"Still in Love With You\"\", and \"\"Rain\"\". Hunter also composed John Farnham's hit song \"\"Age Of Reason\"\" with Johanna Pigott and music for film \"\"Daydream Believer\"\" (1991) and TV series \"\"Heartbreak High\"\" (1994–1999). On 1 July 2008 the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) recognised Dragon's iconic status when they were inducted into their Hall of Fame. Hunter (bass guitar, vocals) formed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14752285", "chunk_text": "\"Young and Beautiful (Lana Del Rey song)\"\nwith Del Rey, where Luhrmann said \"\"we are very lucky that the song found a film\"\", implying the song had already been penned prior to the film. Luhrmann changed some of the lyrics in the beginning of the second verse from the demo version of \"\"Will You Still Love Me\"\" to fit with the film. It clearly was always intended for \"\"Paradise\"\", which did get picked up by various media. The song was released to contemporary hit radio as a single and was used as the film's kickoff single. A snippet of the track appeared in the official trailer for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2865361", "chunk_text": "\"When Will I Be Loved (song)\"\nWhen Will I Be Loved (song) \"\"When Will I Be Loved\"\" is a classic popular song written by Phil Everly of the Everly Brothers, who had a US top ten hit with it in 1960. Linda Ronstadt covered the song in 1975, and her version was an even bigger hit in the US peaking at No. 2. The Everly Brothers scored a number 8 hit single with \"\"When Will I Be Loved\"\" in the summer of 1960 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. The track had been recorded in 1960 while the duo were contracted to Cadence Records; by 1960", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1130603", "chunk_text": "\"How Old Are You? (album)\"\nas the B-side of both two singles were not released as a single in the US. The cover of the album contains a poster photo of film actors Clark Gable and Ava Gardner. Allmusic critic Joe Viglione called \"\"Danger\"\" as an elegant techno journey, while \"\"He Can't Love You\"\" as a frosty march number, on \"\"Kathy's Gone\"\" Viglione commented that the song has film references and \"\"I Believe in Miracles\"\", according to Viglione himself that the song could have been a big hit both Dolly Parton and Linda Ronstadt. All songs written and composed by Robin and Maurice Gibb. How", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18116102", "chunk_text": "\"Toni Childs\"\ndesigned to break down taboos surrounding the female body. Toni Childs Toni Childs (born October 29, 1957) is an American-Australian singer-songwriter. She is best known for her songs \"\"Don't Walk Away\"\" (a \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 hit in the United States in 1988), \"\"I've Got to Go Now\"\", a Top 5 hit in Australia in 1991, and the Emmy-winning \"\"Because You're Beautiful\"\" (released as a single in 2004, and featured on her 2008 album \"\"Keep the Faith\"\"). In New Zealand she has had six Top 40 hit singles and three platinum albums. Childs was born in Orange, California, but lived in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10756443", "chunk_text": "\"Age Ain't Nothing but a Number\"\nthe album and it's about \"\"a young girl pining for the love of an older man, and her telling society that it doesn’t matter the age difference between the two of them\"\". The song contains an interpolation from the song What You Won't Do for Love performed by Bobby Caldwell with the lines \"\"I got a thing for you, and I won’t let go.” The fifth track \"\"Down with the Clique\"\" is a Hip hop inspired song and on the song Aaliyah displays a \"\"silky cooing\"\" with her vocals. The sixth track \"\"At At Your Best (You Are Love)\"\" is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10748172", "chunk_text": "\"Will You Love Me Tomorrow\"\nWill You Love Me Tomorrow \"\"Will You Love Me Tomorrow\"\", also known as \"\"Will You Still Love Me Tomorrow\"\", is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Carole King. It was originally recorded in 1960 by the Shirelles, who took their single to number one on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. The song is also notable for being the first song by a black all-girl group to reach number one in the United States. It has since been recorded by many artists over the years, including a 1971 version by co-writer Carole King. In 1960, the American girl group the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14687807", "chunk_text": "\"But Beautiful (song)\"\nrecorded a piano solo version of it in the original key of G major, but it has been recorded in many different keys, including F major (later Sinatra), C major (Bill Evans and Stan Getz), D major (Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga), Billie Holiday (B-flat major) and Nat King Cole (E major). It is usually performed as a ballad. Johnny Mathis But Beautiful (song) \"\"But Beautiful\"\" is a popular song with music written by Jimmy Van Heusen, the lyrics by Johnny Burke. The song was published in 1947. One of five songs written by Burke and Van Heusen featured in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3930157", "chunk_text": "\"You're Pitiful\"\nYou're Pitiful \"\"You're Pitiful\"\" is a parody of \"\"You're Beautiful\"\" by James Blunt written and recorded by American parody musician \"\"Weird Al\"\" Yankovic. It was released exclusively online on June 7, 2006. In the song, Yankovic chides a 42-year-old man who still lives a \"\"pitiful\"\" existence. The song was initially scheduled to be featured on Yankovic's twelfth studio album \"\"Straight Outta Lynwood\"\" as the lead single. While Blunt himself had no issues with Yankovic recording the parody, Blunt's record label Atlantic did; they forbade Yankovic from commercially releasing the song at the last minute. Yankovic eventually released the song online", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7651703", "chunk_text": "\"I'm Eighteen\"\nI'm Eighteen \"\"I'm Eighteen\"\" is a song by rock band Alice Cooper, first released as a single in November 1970 backed with \"\"Is It My Body\"\". It was the band's first top-forty success—peaking at number 21—and convinced Warner Bros. that Alice Cooper had the commercial potential to release an album. The song and its B-side feature on the band's first major-label album \"\"Love It to Death\"\" (1971). The anthemic song is driven by a lumbering, arpeggiated guitar riff and aggressive, raspy vocals. The lyrics tell of the angst and of being \"\"in the middle\"\" between youth and adulthood. It began", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11355636", "chunk_text": "\"You're Beautiful\"\nthe BBC Radio 1 live lounge sessions. CD2 includes an exclusive acoustic version of \"\"High\"\", plus the video for \"\"You're Beautiful\"\" and \"\"Making-Of\"\" footage. The 7\"\" vinyl includes an exclusive acoustic version of \"\"So Long, Jimmy\"\". The fourth physical format was an exclusive version of CD1, only available at HMV, which includes an additional third track, in the form of an acoustic version of \"\"You're Beautiful\"\". This version was also sold in Australia. You're Beautiful \"\"You're Beautiful\"\" is a song co-written by the British singer James Blunt, Sacha Skarbek, and Amanda Ghost for Blunt's debut album, \"\"Back to Bedlam\"\" (2004).", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9998072", "chunk_text": "\"You're Thirteen, You're Beautiful, and You're Mine\"\nYou're Thirteen, You're Beautiful, and You're Mine You're Thirteen, You're Beautiful, and You're Mine is a live EP by Australian pub rock band Cold Chisel, recorded at the Regent Theatre in Sydney in October 1978, and released in November. After a long period of unavailability, the EP was re-released as a bonus disc with the second pressing of the 1991 compilation album \"\"Chisel\"\". The EP was later made available digitally, as well as reissued on disc in 2011. The title is a parody of the song \"\"You're Sixteen\"\" by the Sherman Brothers, which was popularized in 1960 by Johnny Burnette", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14687806", "chunk_text": "\"But Beautiful (song)\"\nBut Beautiful (song) \"\"But Beautiful\"\" is a popular song with music written by Jimmy Van Heusen, the lyrics by Johnny Burke. The song was published in 1947. One of five songs written by Burke and Van Heusen featured in the Paramount Pictures movie \"\"Road to Rio\"\" (1947), it was introduced by Bing Crosby and is also associated with his leading lady Dorothy Lamour. The song was a hit in 1948 for Frank Sinatra (reaching the No.14 spot), Bing Crosby (#20), Margaret Whiting (#21) and Art Lund (#25). The original key is G major and has the form A-B1-A-B2. Chick Corea", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5312050", "chunk_text": "\"Loving You Still\"\nLoving You Still \"\"Loving You Still\"\" is a song by Canadian recording artist Tamia, recorded for her self-titled studio album (1998). Written and produced by Daryl Simmons, \"\"Loving You Still\"\" is pop ballad with contemporary R&B and soft latin pop influences featuring an instrumentation consisting essentially of flamenco guitars and castanets. Lyrically, the track finds the female protagonist still pines for her former love interest. The song was released as third single from \"\"Tamia\"\" in the United States, where it reached number 78 on the US \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot R&B Singles & Tracks chart. Credits adapted from the liner notes of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4617039", "chunk_text": "\"You're Sixteen\"\nversion features Carrie Fisher as Starr's love interest, though at the time Carrie Fisher was 22 years old (born 1956). In 2017, the song was connected to the Roy Moore controversy when \"\"Breitbart\"\" editor Joel Pollak, during an interview on CNN, said: \"\"You know, in 1973, Ringo Starr hit No. 1 on the billboard charts with the song 'You're 16, You're Beautiful and You're Mine,'\"\" Pollak said. \"\"(Starr) was 30-something at the time, singing about a 16-year-old. You want to take away Ringo Starr's achievement?\"\" The song title has been the subject of musical parody by various performers, from Australian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7303454", "chunk_text": "\"Ugly Beautiful\"\nand composed by Stephen Jones. The US release substitutes \"\"King Bing\"\" for \"\"CFC\"\". The following credits are adapted from the CD liner notes. Ugly Beautiful Ugly Beautiful is a 1996 album by Babybird, the band's sixth, though their first for Echo Records. Released on 21 October, the album includes the singles \"\"Goodnight\"\", \"\"Candy Girl\"\", \"\"You're Gorgeous\"\" and \"\"Cornershop\"\". \"\"You're Gorgeous\"\" was a surprise top-three UK and international hit for the group. The album was written entirely by band-leader Stephen Jones. Many of the songs were written and recorded by Jones alone between 1988 and 1994. Several of the songs had", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10545137", "chunk_text": "\"Presenting the Fabulous Ronettes Featuring Veronica\"\nPresenting the Fabulous Ronettes Featuring Veronica Presenting the Fabulous Ronettes Featuring Veronica is the debut album of American girl group the Ronettes, released in 1964. Comprising numerous singles produced by Phil Spector since the previous year, it was at #96 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" 200 chart. Issued singles included \"\"Be My Baby\"\" (US #2), \"\"Walking in the Rain\"\" (US #23), \"\"Baby, I Love You\"\" (US #24), \"\"Do I Love You?\"\" (US #34), and \"\"(The Best Part Of) Breakin' Up\"\" (US #39). The track \"\"So Young\"\" had been released as a single credited to Veronica, although the other Ronettes, Estelle Bennett and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18116085", "chunk_text": "\"Toni Childs\"\nToni Childs Toni Childs (born October 29, 1957) is an American-Australian singer-songwriter. She is best known for her songs \"\"Don't Walk Away\"\" (a \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 hit in the United States in 1988), \"\"I've Got to Go Now\"\", a Top 5 hit in Australia in 1991, and the Emmy-winning \"\"Because You're Beautiful\"\" (released as a single in 2004, and featured on her 2008 album \"\"Keep the Faith\"\"). In New Zealand she has had six Top 40 hit singles and three platinum albums. Childs was born in Orange, California, but lived in Arkansas, Kansas, Oklahoma and Nevada during her childhood. Raised", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4101648", "chunk_text": "\"I Still Love You (Bee Gees song)\"\nI Still Love You (Bee Gees song) \"\"I Still Love You\"\" is a song by the Bee Gees primarily written by Barry, Robin & Maurice Gibb. It was released as a double A side of \"\"Living Eyes\"\" and on the album \"\"Living Eyes\"\". Produced by the Gibb brothers with Albhy Galuten and Karl Richardson. The song included in the compilations, \"\"Bee Gees\"\" (1999) \"\"Bee Gees Mix\"\" and \"\"Love Hits\"\" (1987). \"\"I Still Love You\"\" is a song written by Barry, Robin and Maurice Gibb in 1981. Robin Gibb sings lead on this track, he also sings harmony with his brothers", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11224618", "chunk_text": "\"I'll Still Love You\"\nI'll Still Love You \"\"I'll Still Love You\"\" is a song written by English musician George Harrison and first released in 1976 by his former Beatles bandmate Ringo Starr. Produced by Arif Mardin, the track appeared on Starr's debut album for Atlantic Records and Polydor, \"\"Ringo's Rotogravure\"\". The composition had a long recording history before then, having been written in 1970 as \"\"Whenever\"\", after which it was copyrighted with the title \"\"When Every Song Is Sung\"\". Harrison originally intended the song for Welsh singer Shirley Bassey, who had a hit in the summer of 1970 with a cover version of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "474657", "chunk_text": "\"When Will I Be Loved (song)\"\nafford a number 1 ranking to \"\"When Will I Be Loved\"\" on its C&W chart. As Ronstadt's \"\"When Will I Be Loved\"\" descended the charts, its B-side, a remake of Buddy Holly's \"\"It Doesn't Matter Anymore\"\", garnered enough airplay to chart at number 47 Pop, number 20 Adult Contemporary, and number 54 Country. When Will I Be Loved (song) \"\"When Will I Be Loved\"\" is a classic popular song written by Phil Everly of the Everly Brothers, who had a US top ten hit with it in 1960. Linda Ronstadt covered the song in 1975, and her version was an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6407977", "chunk_text": "\"Body and Soul (1930 song)\"\nage 85, the oldest living artist ever to chart on the Hot 100, surpassing the previous record of George Burns. This record was then surpassed by Christopher Lee in 2013. It also gave Bennett the longest overall span of appearances on the Hot 100; his version of \"\"Young and Warm and Wonderful\"\" appeared on the very first Hot 100 chart for the week of August 4, 1958. The song received a Grammy Award at the 54th Grammy Awards in the Best Pop Duo/Group Performance category on February 12, 2012. Proceeds from \"\"Body and Soul\"\" go to benefit \"\"The Amy Winehouse", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_289	when did world war 2 officially start and end?	n/a	[ "1939", "1945", "2 September 1945", "1 September 1939" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3580739", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nWorld War II World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. The vast majority of the world's countries—including all the great powers—eventually formed two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. A state of total war emerged, directly involving more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. The major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. World War II was the deadliest conflict in human history,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595797", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nmarked by 50 to 85 million fatalities, most of whom were civilians in the Soviet Union and China. It included massacres, the genocide of the Holocaust, strategic bombing, premeditated death from starvation and disease, and the only use of nuclear weapons in war. Japan, which aimed to dominate Asia and the Pacific, was at war with China by 1937, though neither side had declared war on the other. World War II is generally said to have begun on 1 September 1939, with the invasion of Poland by Germany and subsequent declarations on Germany by France and the United Kingdom. From", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595804", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nAfrica and Asia. Most countries whose industries had been damaged moved towards economic recovery and expansion. Political integration, especially in Europe, emerged as an effort to end pre-war enmities and create a common identity. The start of the war in Europe is generally held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the German invasion of Poland; the United Kingdom and France declared war on Germany two days later. The dates for the beginning of war in the Pacific include the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War on 7 July 1937, or even the Japanese invasion of Manchuria on 19 September", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6276743", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nalso not universally agreed upon. It was generally accepted at the time that the war ended with the armistice of 14 August 1945 (V-J Day), rather than the formal surrender of Japan, which was on 2 September 1945 that officially ended the war in Asia. A peace treaty with Japan was signed in 1951. A treaty regarding Germany's future allowed the reunification of East and West Germany to take place in 1990 and resolved most post-World War II issues. No formal peace treaty between Japan and the Soviet Union was ever signed. World War I had radically altered the political", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595799", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nthe long Battle of the Atlantic followed. On 22 June 1941, the European Axis powers launched an invasion of the Soviet Union, opening the largest land theatre of war in history. This Eastern Front trapped the Axis, most crucially the German Wehrmacht, into a war of attrition. In December 1941, Japan launched a surprise attack on the United States and European colonies in the Pacific Ocean. Following an immediate U.S. declaration of war against Japan, supported by one from Great Britain, the European Axis powers quickly declared war on the U.S. in solidarity with their Japanese ally. Rapid Japanese conquests", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6276742", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\n1931. Others follow the British historian A. J. P. Taylor, who held that the Sino-Japanese War and war in Europe and its colonies occurred simultaneously, and the two wars merged in 1941. This article uses the conventional dating. Other starting dates sometimes used for World War II include the Italian invasion of Abyssinia on 3 October 1935. The British historian Antony Beevor views the beginning of World War II as the Battles of Khalkhin Gol fought between Japan and the forces of Mongolia and the Soviet Union from May to September 1939. The exact date of the war's end is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13501963", "chunk_text": "\"World War II by country\"\nthe UK and the USSR was concluded in the Paris Peace Treaties, 1947. France was one of the original guarantors of Polish security and as such was one of the first countries to declare war on Germany. On May 10 1940 Germany began their attack on France. After six weeks of intense battling, on June 22 1940 following the Battle of France, the French government signed an armistice with Germany, leading to the foundation of Vichy France and the Free French Forces in exile. The leader of the Free French, Charles de Gaulle, took control of France in 1944 and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20551809", "chunk_text": "\"Timeline of World War II (1945–1991)\"\nhereby proclaim the cessation of hostilities of World War II, effective twelve o'clock noon, December 31, 1946.\"\" The United Nations signs the Paris peace accords with Italy, Bulgaria, Finland, Hungary, and Romania, technically ending World War II for them. Japanese \"\"Class A\"\" war criminals, including two former Prime Ministers, are put to death. End of state of war with Germany was granted by the U.S. Congress, after a request by President Truman on 9 July. In the Petersberg Agreement of November 22, 1949 it was noted that the West German government wanted an end to the state of war, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18224315", "chunk_text": "\"British Empire in World War II\"\nsurrender\"\" was signed on 7 May in Reims, France, and ratified on 8 May in Berlin, Germany. In the afternoon of 15 August 1945, the Surrender of Japan occurred, effectively ending World War II. On this day the initial announcement of Japan's surrender was made in Japan, and because of time zone differences it was announced in the United States, Western Europe, the Americas, the Pacific Islands, and Australia/New Zealand on 14 August 1945. The signing of the surrender document occurred on 2 September 1945. By the end of the war in August 1945, British Commonwealth forces were responsible for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595798", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nlate 1939 to early 1941, in a series of campaigns and treaties, Germany conquered or controlled much of continental Europe, and formed the Axis alliance with Italy and Japan. Under the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact of August 1939, Germany and the Soviet Union partitioned and annexed territories of their European neighbours, Poland, Finland, Romania and the Baltic states. Following the onset of campaigns in North Africa and East Africa, and the fall of France in mid 1940, the war continued primarily between the European Axis powers and the British Empire. War in the Balkans, the aerial Battle of Britain, the Blitz, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595802", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nFollowing the Potsdam Declaration by the Allies on 26 July 1945 and the refusal of Japan to surrender under its terms, the United States dropped atomic bombs on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on 6 and 9 August respectively. With an invasion of the Japanese archipelago imminent, the possibility of additional atomic bombings, the Soviet entry into the war against Japan and its invasion of Manchuria, Japan announced its intention to surrender on 15 August 1945, cementing total victory in Asia for the Allies. Tribunals were set up by fiat by the Allies and war crimes trials were", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11362780", "chunk_text": "\"End of World War II in Europe\"\nthe complete destruction of a hostile state. The Potsdam Agreement was signed on 12 August 1945. In connection with this, the leaders of the United States, Britain and the Soviet Union planned the new postwar German government, resettled war territory boundaries, \"\"de facto\"\" annexed a quarter of pre-war Germany situated east of the Oder-Neisse line, and mandated and organized the expulsion of the millions of Germans who remained in the annexed territories and elsewhere in the east. They also ordered German demilitarization, denazification, industrial disarmament and settlements of war reparations. But, as France (at American insistence) had not been invited", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11362782", "chunk_text": "\"End of World War II in Europe\"\nthat the commands and directives issued by the Commanders-in-Chief in their respective zones were not affected by the establishment of the Council. Cessation of hostilities between the United States and Germany was proclaimed on 13 December 1946 by US President Truman. Paris Peace Conference ended on 10 February 1947 with the signing of peace treaties by the wartime Allies with the minor European Axis powers (Italy, Romania, Hungary and Bulgaria; although Italy by some was considered a major power) and Finland. The Federal Republic of Germany, that had been founded on 23 May 1949 (when its Basic Law was promulgated)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595826", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nSeptember 1939, Germany invaded Poland after having staged several false flag border incidents as a pretext to initiate the attack. The Battle of Westerplatte is often described as the first battle of the war. The United Kingdom responded with an ultimatum to Germany to cease military operations, and on 3 September, after the ultimatum was ignored, France, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand declared war on Germany. This alliance was joined by South Africa (6 September) and Canada (10 September). The alliance provided no direct military support to Poland, outside of a cautious French probe into the Saarland. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3581336", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nthe Yalta agreement, invaded Japanese-held Manchuria and quickly defeated the Kwantung Army, which was the largest Japanese fighting force, thereby persuading previously adamant Imperial Army leaders to accept surrender terms. The Red Army also captured the southern part of Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands. On 15 August 1945, Japan surrendered, with the surrender documents finally signed at Tokyo Bay on the deck of the American battleship USS \"\"Missouri\"\" on 2 September 1945, ending the war. The Allies established occupation administrations in Austria and Germany. The former became a neutral state, non-aligned with any political bloc. The latter was divided", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15002720", "chunk_text": "\"European theatre of World War II\"\neffectively handed over Czechoslovakia (a French and Soviet ally, and the only remaining presidential democracy in Central Europe) to Germany, political realities allowed the Soviet Union to sign a non-aggression pact (the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact) including a secret clause partitioning Poland, the Baltic Republics and Finland between the two spheres of influence. Full-scale war in Europe began at dawn on 1 September 1939, when Germany used her newly formed Blitzkrieg tactics and military strength to invade Poland, to which both the United Kingdom and France had pledged protection and independence guarantees. On 3 September 1939, Britain and France declared war on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13502083", "chunk_text": "\"World War II by country\"\ngovernment of the UK. During the Second World War, the Isle of Man had a detention camp for Axis citizens and suspected sympathisers, including members of the British Union of Fascists and the Irish Republican Army. A naval base, radar network and training stations were also established on the island. The United States was neutral early in the fight, although it steadily grew ties with the Allies and began providing increased levels of assistance to them. The United States joined the Allies in December 1941 after the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Empire of Japan.Germany and Italy declared war", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15002717", "chunk_text": "\"European theatre of World War II\"\nEuropean theatre of World War II The European theatre of World War II, also known as the Second European War, was a huge area of heavy fighting across Europe, from Germany's and the Soviet Union's joint invasion of Poland in September 1939 until the end of the war with the Soviet Union conquering most of Eastern Europe along with the German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945 (Victory in Europe Day). The Allied forces fought the Axis powers on two major fronts (the Eastern Front and Western Front) as well as in a massive air war and in the adjoining", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8706617", "chunk_text": "\"Causes of World War II\"\nattentions turned towards resolving the \"\"Polish Corridor Question\"\" during the summer of 1939, Britain and France committed themselves to an alliance with Poland, threatening Germany with a two-front war. On their side, the Germans assured themselves of the support of the USSR by signing a non-aggression pact with them in August, secretly dividing Eastern Europe into Nazi and Soviet spheres of influence. The stage was then set for the Danzig crisis to become the immediate trigger of the war in Europe started on 1 September 1939. Following the Fall of France in June 1940, the Vichy regime signed an armistice,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16057774", "chunk_text": "\"Military history of the United States during World War II\"\nMilitary history of the United States during World War II The military history of the United States in World War II covers the war against Germany, Italy, and Japan, starting with the 7 December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor. During the first two years of World War II, the United States had maintained formal neutrality as made official in the Quarantine Speech delivered by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1937, while supplying Britain, the Soviet Union, and China with war materiel through the Lend-Lease Act which was signed into law on 11 March 1941, as well as deploying the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9257090", "chunk_text": "\"World war\"\narticle, on page 32, the term \"\"World War II\"\" was first used speculatively to describe the upcoming war. The first use for the actual war came in its issue of September 11, 1939. One week earlier, on September 4, the day after France and the United Kingdom declared war on Germany, the Danish newspaper \"\"Kristeligt Dagblad\"\" used the term on its front page, saying \"\"The Second World War broke out yesterday at 11 a.m.\"\" Speculative fiction authors had been noting the concept of a Second World War in 1919 and 1920, when Milo Hastings wrote his dystopian novel, \"\"City of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11362783", "chunk_text": "\"End of World War II in Europe\"\nhad its first government formed on 20 September 1949 while the German Democratic Republic was formed on 7 October. End of state of war with Germany was declared by many former Western Allies in 1950. In the Petersberg Agreement of 22 November 1949, it was noted that the West German government wanted an end to the state of war, but the request could not be granted. The US state of war with Germany was being maintained for legal reasons, and though it was softened somewhat it was not suspended since \"\"the US wants to retain a legal basis for keeping", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3580753", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nThe \"\"blitzkrieg\"\" phase of the war in Europe had ended. By early December, freshly mobilised reserves allowed the Soviets to achieve numerical parity with Axis troops. This, as well as intelligence data which established that a minimal number of Soviet troops in the East would be sufficient to deter any attack by the Japanese Kwantung Army, allowed the Soviets to begin a massive counter-offensive that started on 5 December all along the front and pushed German troops west. In 1939, the United States had renounced its trade treaty with Japan, and beginning with an aviation gasoline ban in July 1940,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13501962", "chunk_text": "\"World War II by country\"\nTo secure military support needed to stop the Vyborg–Petrozavodsk Offensive coordinated with D-Day, the Ryti-Ribbentrop Agreement was signed on 26 June 1944, in which Finnish and Nazi German relations became closest to an alliance. An armistice was signed after the Soviet offensive was fought to a standstill, and the Wehrmacht was retreating from the Baltic states. The treaty required Finland to expel all German troops, which led to the Lapland War (15 September 1944 – 25 April 1945). This was shortly before the complete surrender of Nazi forces all over Europe on 7–8 May 1945 (V-E Day). Complete peace with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18224314", "chunk_text": "\"British Empire in World War II\"\nfor the British war effort proved decisive in the British decision to partition the Raj, forming of the new state of Pakistan. On 8 May 1945, the World War II Allies formally accepted the unconditional surrender of the armed forces of Nazi Germany and the end of Adolf Hitler's Third Reich. The formal surrender of the occupying German forces in the Channel Islands was not until 9 May 1945. On 30 April Hitler committed suicide during the Battle of Berlin, and so the surrender of Germany was authorized by his replacement, President of Germany Karl Dönitz. The \"\"act of military", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595833", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nAllied troops from the continent by early June, although abandoning almost all of their equipment. On 10 June, Italy invaded France, declaring war on both France and the United Kingdom. The Germans turned south against the weakened French army, and Paris fell to them on 14June. Eight days later France signed an armistice with Germany; it was divided into German and Italian occupation zones, and an unoccupied rump state under the Vichy Regime, which, though officially neutral, was generally aligned with Germany. France kept its fleet, which the United Kingdom attacked on 3July in an attempt to prevent its seizure", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16888953", "chunk_text": "\"Aftermath of World War II\"\ngeneral consequence of the war and in an effort to maintain international peace, the Allies formed the United Nations (UN), which officially came into existence on 24 October 1945. The UN replaced the defunct League of Nations (LN) as an intergovernmental organization. The LN was formally dissolved on 20 April 1946 but had in practice ceased to function in 1939, being unable to stop the outbreak of World War II. The UN inherited some of the bodies of the LN, such as the International Labour Organization. League of Nations mandates, mostly territories that had changed hands in World War I,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3581301", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\ndeclare war on Japan, whereas the Soviet Union, being heavily involved in large-scale hostilities with European Axis countries, maintained its neutrality agreement with Japan. Germany, followed by the other Axis states, declared war on the United States in solidarity with Japan, citing as justification the American attacks on German war vessels that had been ordered by Roosevelt. On 1 January 1942, the Allied Big Four—the Soviet Union, China, the United Kingdom and the United States—and 22 smaller or exiled governments issued the Declaration by United Nations, thereby affirming the Atlantic Charter, and agreeing to not to sign a separate peace", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6276749", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nin early 1935 when the Territory of the Saar Basin was legally reunited with Germany and Hitler repudiated the Treaty of Versailles, accelerated his rearmament programme, and introduced conscription. The United Kingdom, France and Italy formed the Stresa Front in April 1935 in order to contain Germany, a key step towards military globalization; however, that June, the United Kingdom made an independent naval agreement with Germany, easing prior restrictions. The Soviet Union, concerned by Germany's goals of capturing vast areas of Eastern Europe, drafted a treaty of mutual assistance with France. Before taking effect though, the Franco-Soviet pact was required", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3581338", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nthese provinces, as well as three million Germans from the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia. By the 1950s, one-fifth of West Germans were refugees from the east. The Soviet Union also took over the Polish provinces east of the Curzon line, from which 2 million Poles were expelled; north-east Romania, parts of eastern Finland, and the three Baltic states were incorporated into the Soviet Union. In an effort to maintain world peace, the Allies formed the United Nations, which officially came into existence on 24 October 1945, and adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948 as a common standard for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11948621", "chunk_text": "\"Proclamation 2714\"\nwhy the U.S. recognizes its World War II veterans as anyone who has served between the dates of December 7, 1941, and \"\"December 31, 1946\"\". The declarations of war against Japan and Germany in 1941 were officially lifted as follows: Proclamation 2714 Presidential Proclamation 2714 (61 Stat. 1048) was signed by President Harry S. Truman on December 31, 1946, to officially declare the cessation of all hostilities in World War II. Even though the actual combat of the war ended May 8, 1945, in Europe and September 2, 1945, in the Pacific, the state of war was not lifted off", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5625119", "chunk_text": "\"World War II by country\"\nlater, the Provisional Government of Republic of Korea was established. They created the Korean Liberation Army(KLA) on September 17, 1940 and declared war against the Empire of Japan on December 10, 1941. The KLA failed to initiate Operation Eagle, a plan to liberate the Korean Peninsula by first attacking the capital region (Seoul and Incheon), on August 18, 1945. The Office of Strategic Services of the United States also promised to assist the KLA with warplanes, submarines, and airborne troops during the operation. However, the plan failed due to the early surrender of Japan on August 15, 1945. The Provisional", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6276740", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nconducted in the wake of the war both against the Germans and the Japanese. World War II changed the political alignment and social structure of the globe. The United Nations (UN) was established to foster international co-operation and prevent future conflicts; the victorious great powers—China, France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States—became the permanent members of its Security Council. The Soviet Union and United States emerged as rival superpowers, setting the stage for the nearly half-century long Cold War. In the wake of European devastation, the influence of its great powers waned, triggering the decolonisation of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11449002", "chunk_text": "\"Diplomatic history of World War II\"\nto head the War Department and the Navy Department. Wilson let General John J. Pershing make the major military decisions; Roosevelt made the major decisions in his war including the \"\"Europe first\"\" strategy. He rejected the idea of an armistice and demanded unconditional surrender. Roosevelt often mentioned his role in the Wilson administration, but added that he had profited more from Wilson's errors than from his successes. After Pearl Harbor, antiwar sentiment in the United States evaporated overnight; The nation was now united on foreign policy. On December 11, 1941, Germany and Italy declared war on the United States, which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15002765", "chunk_text": "\"European theatre of World War II\"\nthe former Nazi German state, reversed all German annexations and occupied territories, as well as agreed to jointly occupy and govern, denazify and demilitarize what remained of Germany. European theatre of World War II The European theatre of World War II, also known as the Second European War, was a huge area of heavy fighting across Europe, from Germany's and the Soviet Union's joint invasion of Poland in September 1939 until the end of the war with the Soviet Union conquering most of Eastern Europe along with the German unconditional surrender on 8 May 1945 (Victory in Europe Day). The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6864064", "chunk_text": "\"Allies of World War II\"\nset up and it continued to be one of the Allies, a model followed by other occupied countries. After a quiet winter, Germany in April 1940 invaded and quickly defeated Denmark, Norway, Belgium, the Netherlands and France. Britain and its Empire stood alone against Hitler and Mussolini. In June 1941, Hitler broke the non-aggression agreement with Stalin and Germany invaded the Soviet Union. In December, Japan attacked the US and Britain. The main lines of World War II had formed. During December 1941, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt devised the name \"\"United Nations\"\" for the Allies and proposed it to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595836", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nany direct military intervention in the conflict well into 1941. In December 1940 Roosevelt accused Hitler of planning world conquest and ruled out any negotiations as useless, calling for the United States to become an \"\"arsenal of democracy\"\" and promoting Lend-Lease programmes of aid to support the British war effort. The United States started strategic planning to prepare for a full-scale offensive against Germany. At the end of September 1940, the Tripartite Pact formally united Japan, Italy and Germany as the Axis Powers. The Tripartite Pact stipulated that any country, with the exception of the Soviet Union, which attacked any", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9549385", "chunk_text": "\"Surrender of Japan\"\nSurrender of Japan The surrender of Imperial Japan was announced on August 15 and formally signed on September 2, 1945, bringing the hostilities of World War II to a close. By the end of July 1945, the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) was incapable of conducting major operations and an Allied invasion of Japan was imminent. Together with the British Empire and China, the United States called for the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces in the Potsdam Declaration on July 26, 1945—the alternative being \"\"prompt and utter destruction\"\". While publicly stating their intent to fight on to the bitter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "859019", "chunk_text": "\"Invasion of Poland\"\nInvasion of Poland The Invasion of Poland, known in Poland as the September Campaign (\"\"Kampania wrześniowa\"\") or the 1939 Defensive War (\"\"Wojna obronna 1939 roku\"\"), and in Germany as the Poland Campaign (\"\"Polenfeldzug\"\"), was an invasion of Poland by Germany that marked the beginning of World War II. The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact between Germany and the Soviet Union. The Soviets invaded Poland on 17 September following the Molotov–Tōgō agreement that terminated the Soviet and Japanese Battles of Khalkhin Gol in the east on 16 September. The campaign", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8706612", "chunk_text": "\"Causes of World War II\"\nCauses of World War II Among the causes of World War II were Italian fascism in the 1920s, Japanese militarism and invasion of China in the 1930s, and especially the political takeover in 1933 of Germany by Adolf Hitler and his Nazi Party and its aggressive foreign policy. The immediate cause was Germany invading Poland on September 1, 1939, and Britain and France declaring war on Germany on September 3, 1939. Problems arose in Weimar Germany that experienced strong currents of revanchism after the Treaty of Versailles that concluded its defeat in World War I in 1918. Dissatisfactions of treaty", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20551808", "chunk_text": "\"Timeline of World War II (1945–1991)\"\nTimeline of World War II (1945–1991) This is a timeline of the events that stretched over the period of World War II from January 1945 to its conclusion and legal aftermath. Start of the ethnic cleansing of Germans from Central and eastern Europe. Up to 14 million people were expelled or killed. U.S.President Truman declares, \"\"Although a state of war still exists, it is at this time possible to declare, and I find it to be in the public interest to declare, that hostilities have terminated. Now, therefore, I, Harry S. Truman, President of the United States of America, do", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13501967", "chunk_text": "\"World War II by country\"\nGermany, led by Adolf Hitler, was the primary Axis Power in the European Theatre. German forces instigated the war in September 1939 by invading Poland. Poland was divided with the Soviet Union. The Phony War ensued and in the spring of 1940 German forces invaded and conquered Denmark, Norway, France, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Attempts to subdue the United Kingdom by air in the summer of 1940 failed and a planned invasion was called off. In the summer of 1941 Germany turned its forces east by invading the Soviet Union. The Eastern Front became the main theatre of war", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8706675", "chunk_text": "\"Causes of World War II\"\nwar, the Imperial Japanese Navy attacked Pearl Harbor with the aim of destroying the main American battle fleet at anchor. At the same time, other Japanese forces attacked the U.S.-held Philippines and the British Empire in Malaya, Singapore, and Hong Kong. The USA and the United Kingdom to declare war upon Japan the next day. Four days later the U.S was brought into the European war when on December 11, 1941, Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy declared war on the United States. Hitler chose to declare that the Tripartite Pact required that Germany follow Japan's declaration of war; although American", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11362786", "chunk_text": "\"End of World War II in Europe\"\nreunification achieved on 3 October 1990 and which itself was enabled by the Treaty, Germany became fully sovereign on 15 March 1991. Under the terms of the Treaty, the Allies were allowed to keep troops in Berlin until the end of 1994 (articles 4 and 5). In accordance with the Treaty, occupying troops were withdrawn by that deadline. End of World War II in Europe The final battles of the European Theatre of World War II as well as the German surrender to the Allies took place in late April and early May 1945. Allied forces begin to take large", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "305993", "chunk_text": "\"Allies of World War II\"\nAllies of World War II The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939–1945). The Allies promoted the alliance as a means to control German, Japanese and Italian aggression. At the start of the war on 1 September 1939, the Allies consisted of France, Poland and the United Kingdom, as well as their dependent states, such as British India. Within days they were joined by the independent Dominions of the British Commonwealth: Australia, Canada, New Zealand and South", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17347249", "chunk_text": "\"Eastern Front (World War II)\"\nof foreign affairs under Maxim Litvinov. This, as well as the reluctance of the British and French governments to sign a full-scale anti-German political and military alliance with the USSR, led to the Molotov–Ribbentrop pact between the Soviet Union and Germany in late August 1939. The separate Tripartite Pact between what became the three prime Axis Powers would not be signed until some four years after the Anti-Comintern pact. The war was fought between Nazi Germany, its allies and Finland, against the Soviet Union. The conflict began on 22 June 1941 with the Operation Barbarossa offensive, when Axis forces crossed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20551814", "chunk_text": "\"Timeline of World War II (1945–1991)\"\nthe start of 2018, there are still tens of thousands of veterans of the conflict still alive. Timeline of World War II (1945–1991) This is a timeline of the events that stretched over the period of World War II from January 1945 to its conclusion and legal aftermath. Start of the ethnic cleansing of Germans from Central and eastern Europe. Up to 14 million people were expelled or killed. U.S.President Truman declares, \"\"Although a state of war still exists, it is at this time possible to declare, and I find it to be in the public interest to declare, that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1925459", "chunk_text": "1940s\na nationwide hero within the United States, and was also a focal point of anti-Nazi sentiment leading up to and during World War II. The following articles contain brief timelines listing the most prominent events of the decade. 1940s The 1940s (pronounced \"\"nineteen-forties\"\" and commonly abbreviated as the \"\"Forties\"\") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1940, and ended on December 31, 1949. Most of World War II took place in the first half of the decade, which had a profound effect on most countries and people in Europe, Asia, and elsewhere. The consequences of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6276780", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\noccupied the French possessions Syria and Lebanon, with the assistance of the Free French. With the situation in Europe and Asia relatively stable, Germany, Japan, and the Soviet Union made preparations. With the Soviets wary of mounting tensions with Germany and the Japanese planning to take advantage of the European War by seizing resource-rich European possessions in Southeast Asia, the two powers signed the Soviet–Japanese Neutrality Pact in April 1941. By contrast, the Germans were steadily making preparations for an attack on the Soviet Union, massing forces on the Soviet border. Hitler believed that the United Kingdom's refusal to end", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10595812", "chunk_text": "\"World War II\"\nto go through the bureaucracy of the League of Nations, which rendered it essentially toothless. The United States, concerned with events in Europe and Asia, passed the Neutrality Act in August of the same year. Hitler defied the Versailles and Locarno treaties by remilitarising the Rhineland in March 1936, encountering little opposition due to appeasement. In October 1936, Germany and Italy formed the Rome–Berlin Axis. A month later, Germany and Japan signed the Anti-Comintern Pact, which Italy would join in the following year. The Kuomintang (KMT) party in China launched a unification campaign against regional warlords and nominally unified China", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_290	who wrote the song mary had a little lamb?	n/a	[ "John Roulstone", "Sarah Josepha Hale" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11277284", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\nMary Had a Little Lamb \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" is an English language nursery rhyme of nineteenth-century American origin. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 7622. The nursery rhyme was first published by the Boston publishing firm Marsh, Capen & Lyon, as a poem by Sarah Josepha Hale on May 24, 1830, and was possibly inspired by an actual incident. There are competing theories on the origin and inspiration of this poem. One holds that John Roulstone wrote the first four lines and that the final twelve lines, less childlike than the first, were composed by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11627848", "chunk_text": "\"Little Woman Love\"\nLittle Woman Love \"\"Little Woman Love\"\" is a Wings song released as the B-side of the single \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" on 12 May 1972. It was composed by Paul McCartney in 1970 and recorded during the \"\"Ram\"\" sessions but left off the album, then released as a single, although, in keeping with McCartney's practice at the time, the composition was credited to Paul and Linda McCartney. While \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" was dismissed by the critics, it climbed to the top 10 in the United Kingdom. In the United States, however, radio stations also played \"\"Little Woman", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4741647", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\nduring Wings' 1972 summer tour and it was included in the Spring 1973 James Paul McCartney television special. It is commercially available on the 1993 CD issue of the band's \"\"Wild Life\"\" album. Note: This melody is the British version, which is slightly different from the American version. The song is used in: Mary Had a Little Lamb \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" is an English language nursery rhyme of nineteenth-century American origin. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 7622. The nursery rhyme was first published by the Boston publishing firm Marsh, Capen & Lyon, as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1072375", "chunk_text": "\"Little Woman Love\"\nremaster of \"\"Ram\"\". Little Woman Love \"\"Little Woman Love\"\" is a Wings song released as the B-side of the single \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" on 12 May 1972. It was composed by Paul McCartney in 1970 and recorded during the \"\"Ram\"\" sessions but left off the album, then released as a single, although, in keeping with McCartney's practice at the time, the composition was credited to Paul and Linda McCartney. While \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" was dismissed by the critics, it climbed to the top 10 in the United Kingdom. In the United States, however, radio stations also", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4741645", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\n높이높이 날아라 우리 비행기 Korean romanization Tteotda tteotda bihaenggi nalara nalara nopinopi nalara oori bihaenggi </poem> The rhyme was the first audio recorded by Thomas Edison on his newly invented phonograph in 1877. It was the first instance of recorded verse. In 1927, Edison reenacted the recording, which still survives. The earliest recording (1878) was retrieved by 3D imaging equipment in 2012. Blues musicians Buddy Guy and Stevie Ray Vaughan both recorded the song: Guy composing his own bluesy version of the song for his album \"\"A Man and the Blues\"\" in 1968 and Vaughan covering Guy's version in his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "924406", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb (Wings song)\"\nMary Had a Little Lamb (Wings song) \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" is Wings' version of the traditional nursery rhyme. At the time, some observers such as Roy Carr and Tony Tyler of \"\"New Musical Express\"\" presumed the song was recorded by McCartney in response to the BBC ban of his previous single, the political \"\"Give Ireland Back to the Irish\"\", but McCartney has denied this, saying that it was a sincere effort to write a song for children. In fact, the song was written before \"\"Give Ireland Back to the Irish\"\", as a demo of the song can be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4741646", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\n1983 debut album, \"\"Texas Flood\"\", with both also incorporating the first four lines of the nursery rhyme, \"\"A-Tisket, A-Tasket\"\", into the song. In 1972, Paul McCartney released a version of the song. Just as he had done with the 16th-century poem Golden Slumbers which was released on The Beatles' Abbey Road LP in 1969, he added his own melody to the lyrics. The single was a top 20 hit in Britain although both the choice for and the saccharine arrangement of \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" did much to erode his standing with leading rock journalists. McCartney played the song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14005118", "chunk_text": "\"Sarah Josepha Hale\"\nA box of her correspondence, containing 28 folders, is in the collections of the Athenaeum of Philadelphia. Sarah Josepha Hale Sarah Josepha Buell Hale (October 24, 1788 – April 30, 1879) was an American writer and an influential editor. She was the author of the nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\". Hale famously campaigned for the creation of the American holiday known as Thanksgiving, and for the completion of the Bunker Hill Monument. Sarah Josepha Buell was born in Newport, New Hampshire, to Captain Gordon Buell and Martha Whittlesay Buell. Her parents believed in equal education for both genders.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14005101", "chunk_text": "\"Sarah Josepha Hale\"\nSarah Josepha Hale Sarah Josepha Buell Hale (October 24, 1788 – April 30, 1879) was an American writer and an influential editor. She was the author of the nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\". Hale famously campaigned for the creation of the American holiday known as Thanksgiving, and for the completion of the Bunker Hill Monument. Sarah Josepha Buell was born in Newport, New Hampshire, to Captain Gordon Buell and Martha Whittlesay Buell. Her parents believed in equal education for both genders. Home-schooled by her mother and elder brother Horatio (who had attended Dartmouth), Hale was otherwise an autodidact.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11277285", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\nSarah Josepha Hale; others claim that Hale was responsible for the entire poem. As a young girl, Mary Sawyer (later Mary Tyler) kept a pet lamb that she took to school one day at the suggestion of her brother. A commotion naturally ensued. Mary recalled: \"\"Visiting school that morning was a young man by the name of John Roulstone, a nephew of the Reverend Lemuel Capen, who was then settled in Sterling. It was the custom then for students to prepare for college with ministers, and for this purpose Roulstone was studying with his uncle. The young man was very", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "321624", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Boy\"\nMary Had a Little Boy \"\"Mary Had a Little Boy\"\" is a 1990 song recorded by German Eurodance group Snap!. The song was released as the fourth and final single from their debut studio album, \"\"World Power\"\" in December 1990. The song's lyrics are based on the nineteenth century Nursery rhyme, \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\". The chorus includes the line \"\"Mary a little boy, little did she know and everywhere that Mary went, the little boy was sure to go\"\". The song was re-recorded and included on their in 2003, remix album, \"\"The Cult of Snap!\"\" featuring Milky &", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4709179", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb (Wings song)\"\na single on 12 May 1972 in the UK, moved back from its original planned date of the 5th. The US release occurred on 29 May. On 25 May, the band mimed a performance of the song for BBC TV's \"\"Top of the Pops\"\" TV show. Over a week later, on 6 June, the band mimed yet again to the song. The song was included as a bonus track on the remastered version of \"\"Wild Life\"\" released in 1993. Mary Had a Little Lamb (Wings song) \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" is Wings' version of the traditional nursery rhyme. At", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19164916", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little...\"\nMary Had a Little... Mary Had a Little… is a 1961 British comedy film directed by Edward Buzzell and starring Agnès Laurent, Hazel Court and Jack Watling. It takes its title from the nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" and is about a slick impresario who tries unsuccessfully to win a bet with a psychiatrist over the production of a perfect baby via hypnotism. It has been described by film historian David McGillivray as \"\"the first full-fledged British sex comedy.\"\" The film was the first of a three-picture deal between director Edward Buzzell and producer Edward Small; the other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4709178", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb (Wings song)\"\nheard during an interview recorded for radio station WRKO in December 1971. The song was virulently attacked by rock critics at the time, although a few critics thought it to be deliberately ironic. It reached the top 10 in the UK, peaking at number nine. However, many US radio stations chose instead to play the pop/rock B-side, \"\"Little Woman Love\"\". Apple Records in the US even revised the picture sleeve for the single to credit both sides by name (see reverse cover), but the single still failed to rise above number 28 in the US. The song was released as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4741643", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\nLowell Mason set the nursery rhyme to a melody adding repetition in the verses: <poem> Mary had a little lamb, little lamb, little lamb Mary had a little lamb Whose fleece was white as snow. And everywhere that Mary went Mary went, Mary went, Everywhere that Mary went The lamb was sure to go. He followed her to school one day, school one day, school one day He followed her to school one day Which was against the rules. It made the children laugh and play, laugh and play, laugh and play, It made the children laugh and play, To", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9206282", "chunk_text": "\"Sawyer Homestead (Sterling, Massachusetts)\"\nSawyer Homestead (Sterling, Massachusetts) The Sawyer Homestead was a historic house at 108 Maple Street in Sterling, Massachusetts. With an estimated construction date of 1756, the house was one of Sterling's oldest surviving structures, before it was destroyed by an arsonist in 2007. It was also notable as the birthplace of Mary Sawyer, the subject of the American children's nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\". The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000. The Sawyer family, whose descendants still own the property, have had a reproduction of the house built on its site. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9206284", "chunk_text": "\"Sawyer Homestead (Sterling, Massachusetts)\"\nhistory, dictated by the changing demands of the Sawyer family, who occupied the house for more than 250 years. The traditional historical claim is that the core of the house was built in 1756 by Ezra Sawyer, Jr., who died while serving in the American Revolutionary War. Sawyer's granddaughter Mary is believed to be the girl described in the nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb,\"\" attributed to Sarah Josepha Hale. Sawyers lived in the house until 1889, and owned it and the surrounding farmland for most of that time as well. The property then stood vacant and deteriorating, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4741642", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\nmuch pleased with the incident of the lamb; and the next day he rode across the fields on horseback to the little old schoolhouse and handed me a slip of paper which had written upon it the three original stanzas of the poem...\"\" Mary Sawyer's house, located in Sterling, Massachusetts, was destroyed by arson on August 12, 2007. A statue representing Mary's Little Lamb stands in the town center. The Redstone School, which was built in 1798, was purchased by Henry Ford and relocated to a churchyard on the property of Longfellow's Wayside Inn in Sudbury, Massachusetts. In the 1830s,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11952603", "chunk_text": "\"Little Donkey\"\nLittle Donkey Little Donkey is a popular Christmas carol, written by English songwriter Eric Boswell which describes the journey by Mary the mother of Jesus to Bethlehem on the donkey of the title. It was No. 1 in the UK Sheet Music Chart from mid November 1959 until the end of the year, and a recording by Nina & Frederik reached No. 3 the following Christmas. The song has also been recorded by Gracie Fields, The Beverley Sisters, Vera Lynn, Aled Jones and many others, and it is a traditional part of the festive season and nativity plays for many", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11952604", "chunk_text": "\"Little Donkey\"\nyoung children. In the 21st century the song has become something of a signifier of childhood Christmas in popular culture having featured in the comedy acts of Alan Carr, Russell Brand and especially in The Ricky Gervais Show which featured a running gag about Karl Pilkington's drum performance of the song. Little Donkey Little Donkey is a popular Christmas carol, written by English songwriter Eric Boswell which describes the journey by Mary the mother of Jesus to Bethlehem on the donkey of the title. It was No. 1 in the UK Sheet Music Chart from mid November 1959 until the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15866225", "chunk_text": "\"English folk music\"\nrecord we have of many classic rhymes. These rhymes seem to have come from a variety of sources, including traditional riddles, proverbs, ballads, lines of Mummers' plays, drinking songs, historical events, and, it has been suggested, ancient pagan rituals. Roughly half of the current body recognised 'traditional' English rhymes were known by the mid-18th century. From this period we sometimes know the origins and authors of rhymes, like 'Twinkle Twinkle Little Star', which combined an 18th-century French tune with a poem by English writer Jane Taylor and 'Mary Had a Little Lamb', written by Sarah Josepha Hale of Boston in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3693744", "chunk_text": "\"The Lamb\"\nLike the other \"\"Songs of Innocence\"\" and \"\"Songs of Experience\"\", \"\"The Lamb\"\" was intended to be sung; William Blake's original melody is now lost. It was made into a song by Vaughan Williams in his 1958 song cycle \"\"Ten Blake Songs\"\", although he described it as \"\"that horrible little lamb – a poem that I hate\"\". It was also set to music by Sir John Tavener, who explained: \"\"\"\"The Lamb\"\" came to me fully grown and was written in an afternoon and dedicated to my nephew Simon for his 3rd birthday.\"\" American poet Allen Ginsberg set the poem to music,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20001139", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little...\"\nstar Agnès Laurent. Having opened in Los Angeles on 25 July 1961, the film went into general release in the UK on 3 August. \"\"Variety\"\" called it a \"\"lower case farce,\"\" adding, \"\"Pregnant idea, miscarries.\"\" \"\"Whatever the merits of the original play,\"\" noted Britain's \"\"Monthly Film Bulletin\"\", \"\"the film remains, in its strenuously saucy way, on an abysmally unsubtle level.\"\" Mary Had a Little... Mary Had a Little… is a 1961 British comedy film directed by Edward Buzzell and starring Agnès Laurent, Hazel Court and Jack Watling. It takes its title from the nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14213953", "chunk_text": "\"Little Woman Love\"\nLove.\"\" As a result, the picture sleeve for \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" was revised by Apple Records to have a separate listing for the flip side. The single reached number 28 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the US. On the \"\"Cash Box\"\" chart, which listed single sides separately, \"\"Little Woman Love\"\" only appeared for one week at number 95. \"\"Little Woman Love\"\" was never released on an album until 1993, when it was included as a bonus track to \"\"Wild Life\"\" in \"\"The Paul McCartney Collection\"\". It was included on the Special and Deluxe editions of the 2012", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18436456", "chunk_text": "\"Children's song\"\npoem by the English writer Jane Taylor, and \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\", written by Sarah Josepha Hale of Boston in 1830. Nursery rhymes were also often collected by early folk-song collectors, including, in Scotland, Sir Walter Scott and, in Germany, Clemens Brentano and Achim von Arnim in \"\"Des Knaben Wunderhorn\"\" (1806–8). The first, and possibly the most important, academic collections to focus in this area were James Orchard Halliwell's \"\"The Nursery Rhymes of England\"\" (1842) and \"\"Popular Rhymes and Tales\"\" (1849). By the time of Sabine Baring-Gould's \"\"A Book of Nursery Songs\"\" (1895), child folklore had become an academic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1946908", "chunk_text": "\"Lowell Mason\"\nmusic director for three churches, in a six-month rotation, including the Hanover Street church, whose pastor was the prominent abolitionist Lyman Beecher. Mason became an important figure on the Boston musical scene: He served as president of the Handel and Haydn Society, taught music in the public schools, was co-founder of the Boston Academy of Music (1833). In 1838 he was appointed music superintendent for the Boston school system. In the 1830s, Mason set to music the nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\". In 1845 political machinations in the Boston school committee led to the termination of his services.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20392531", "chunk_text": "\"Little Lamb Dragonfly\"\nand sensual,\"\" although he notes that the song relies too much on \"\"la-la-las.\"\" \"\"Billboard Magazine\"\" called the song one of the best cuts on \"\"Red Rose Speedway\"\". Author Ron Schaumburg described the song as \"\"a delightful confection.\"\" Richard Burgin of \"\"The Boston Globe\"\" called the song \"\"truly wistful and lovely.\"\" Little Lamb Dragonfly \"\"Little Lamb Dragonfly\"\" is a song credited to Paul and Linda McCartney and originally released on the Wings 1973 album \"\"Red Rose Speedway\"\". The song was originally recorded during the sessions for McCartney's \"\"Ram\"\" album in early 1971, and thus Hugh McCracken plays guitar on the recording", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15082633", "chunk_text": "\"Sawyer Homestead (Sterling, Massachusetts)\"\nremained the property of a Sawyer family trust. It was destroyed by an arsonist on August 12, 2007. The family then decided to recreate the house, beginning construction in 2008. Sawyer Homestead (Sterling, Massachusetts) The Sawyer Homestead was a historic house at 108 Maple Street in Sterling, Massachusetts. With an estimated construction date of 1756, the house was one of Sterling's oldest surviving structures, before it was destroyed by an arsonist in 2007. It was also notable as the birthplace of Mary Sawyer, the subject of the American children's nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\". The house was listed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9925234", "chunk_text": "\"SS Sarah J. Hale\"\nSS Sarah J. Hale SS \"\"Sarah J. Hale\"\" was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after Sarah J. Hale, the author of the nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\", she campaigned for the creation of the American holiday known as Thanksgiving and for the completion of the Bunker Hill Monument, editor of \"\"Ladies' Magazine\"\", and founder of the Seaman's Aid Society in 1833, to assist the surviving families of Boston sailors who died at sea. \"\"Sarah J. Hale\"\" was laid down on 29 September 1943, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20392526", "chunk_text": "\"Little Lamb Dragonfly\"\nLittle Lamb Dragonfly \"\"Little Lamb Dragonfly\"\" is a song credited to Paul and Linda McCartney and originally released on the Wings 1973 album \"\"Red Rose Speedway\"\". The song was originally recorded during the sessions for McCartney's \"\"Ram\"\" album in early 1971, and thus Hugh McCracken plays guitar on the recording rather than Wings' guitarist Denny Laine. However, Laine did provide backing vocals during the production work for \"\"Red Rose Speedway\"\". McCartney originally intended to use the song as part of his \"\"Rupert and the Frog Song\"\" animated film project. Chip Madinger and Mark Easter noted that drummer Denny Seiwell may", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8347967", "chunk_text": "\"Sudbury, Massachusetts\"\nshall hear, of the midnight ride of Paul Revere.\"\" Henry Ford bought the inn in 1923, restored it and donated it to a charitable foundation which continues to run it as an operating inn to this day. Ford also built a boys' school on the property, as well as a grist mill, and the Martha–Mary Chapel. He brought in the Redstone Schoolhouse from Sterling, which was reputed to be the school in Sarah Josepha Hale's nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\". However, Giuseppi Cavicchio's refusal to sell his water rights scuttled Henry Ford's plans to build an auto parts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16195889", "chunk_text": "\"Patrick Leonard\"\nPatrick Leonard Patrick Ray Leonard (born March 14, 1956) is an American songwriter, keyboardist, film composer, and music producer, best known for his longtime collaboration with Madonna. \"\"\"\"The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway\"\", \"\"Dark Side of the Moon\"\", \"\"The Wall\"\" – that's what I grew up with and that's what I dreamed of doing one day,\"\" he recalled in 1992. \"\"I was a big Gentle Giant fan. I was a \"\"huge\"\" Jethro Tull fan. But I had to feed my children and heat my house, so I wrote some songs with a little girl who became extremely popular. It's really", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14282135", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Catherine Lamb\"\nMary Catherine Lamb Mary Catherine Lamb (March 12, 1949 – August 15, 2009) was an American textile artist, whose quilts reframed traditional Roman Catholic iconography. Recycling vintage textiles popular during the mid-20th Century, she both honored and affectionately skewered her Catholic upbringing. Mary Catherine Lamb, known as \"\"MC\"\" to her friends, was born March 12, 1949, in Oakland, California, into a devoutly Catholic family. Her only sibling, Colette, was born three years later. Lamb read voraciously as a child, a habit she continued all her life, and also kept a journal that by the time of her death ran to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4839207", "chunk_text": "Chumbawamba\nsoundtrack, the album relied heavily on samples, from tribal chants to Frank Zappa interview quotes. The album opens with one of the earliest recordings of a human voice, that of Thomas Edison reciting \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\". The album gave an inkling of the folk sound that Chumbawamba would move towards on their subsequent releases. In 2005 Chumbawamba took a hiatus from full-scale touring and recording projects, but a trimmed-down acoustic line-up of Boff Whalley, Lou Watts, Jude Abbot and Neil Ferguson continued to tour the UK and Europe throughout 2005 and 2006. It was this line-up that recorded", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6347211", "chunk_text": "\"Little Green Apples\"\nLittle Green Apples \"\"Little Green Apples\"\" is a song written by Bobby Russell. Originally written for and released by American recording artist Roger Miller in 1968, it was also released as a single by American recording artists Patti Page and O. C. Smith in separate occasions that same year. Miller's version became a Top 40 hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart and on the UK Singles Chart, while Page's version became her last Hot 100 entry and Smith's version became a No. 2 hit on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart. The song earned Russell two Grammy Awards for Song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20309093", "chunk_text": "\"Mary Had a Little...\"\ntwo films were never shot. The screenplay was based on the play of the same name by Arthur Herzog Jr., Muriel Herman and Al Rosen, which had its West End opening at the Strand Theatre on 27 November 1951 in a production directed by the famous farceur Ralph Lynn. Production took place in October 1960 at Walton Studios near London under the supervision of David Rose. The theme tune, \"\"Mary Had a Little...\"\", was written by Buzzell and sung by Dick James. The completed film turned out to be Buzzell's final directorial assignment and also the penultimate credit for its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9209737", "chunk_text": "\"Eric Boswell (songwriter)\"\nhis leisure time writing serious piano music and light songs. A composition he entered the 1950 Brighton Music Festival won first prize and several of his classical works were performed at London's Wigmore Hall during the 1950s. In 1959, while hawking his more commercial songs to London's Tin Pan Alley music publishers, Boswell encountered Gracie Fields at the music publisher Chappell who she was visiting to seek a song to revive her career. Boswell offered her \"\"Little Donkey\"\", his telling of Mary and Joseph’s journey to Bethlehem, and Fields' recording and another by The Beverley Sisters, made the song the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20336426", "chunk_text": "\"Ged Grimes\"\nGed Grimes Ged Grimes (born on 28 March 1962 in Dundee) is a Scottish musician, producer and composer. He is currently the bass player for rock group Simple Minds, and was a founding member of Scottish pop band Danny Wilson whose hits include \"\"Mary's Prayer\"\" (from \"\"Meet Danny Wilson\"\" and featured prominently in the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack to the movie \"\"There's Something About Mary\"\"), and \"\"The Second Summer of Love\"\" (from \"\"Bebop Moptop\"\"). After the break-up of Danny Wilson, Grimes began to focus on writing, performing, and producing other artists including Eddi Reader, Simply Red, and Natalie Imbruglia. Grimes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5527612", "chunk_text": "\"Along Comes Mary\"\nAlong Comes Mary \"\"Along Comes Mary\"\" is a song composed by Tandyn Almer, originally recorded in 1966 by the Association, and released on their debut album \"\"And Then... Along Comes the Association\"\". It was their first hit and reached number seven on the U.S. charts. \"\"Along Comes Mary\"\" is sung from the point of view of a once-disillusioned young man talking about the \"\"tribulations no one ever sees\"\" and who \"\"curse[s] those faults in me.\"\" The singer believes Mary gives him comfort and improves his life. An acquaintance of Almer claimed in an interview that \"\"Mary\"\" refers to marijuana, though", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5344844", "chunk_text": "\"Maurice Besly\"\nMaurice Besly Edward Maurice Besly (28 January 1888 - 12 April (?), 1945) was an English composer, conductor, schoolteacher, organist and arranger best known for his popular ballads, \"\"The Second Minuet\"\" and \"\"Time, You Old Gipsy Man\"\". More ambitious vocal pieces were the \"\"Four Poems\"\" Op 24, \"\"Charivaria\"\" (5 songs) and his setting of Christina Rossetti's \"\"The shepherds had an angel\"\" for soprano solo and chorus. Besly was born in Normanby, Yorkshire, and was educated at Tonbridge School and Caius College, Cambridge. After a short stage career he studied music at the Leipzig Conservatorium under Teichmüller, Schreck and Krehl. From", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1770020", "chunk_text": "\"Eric Boswell (songwriter)\"\nEric Boswell (songwriter) Eric Boswell (born Eric Simpson, July 18, 1921 – November 29, 2009) was an English composer of popular songs and folk music, most famous for writing the children's Christmas song \"\"Little Donkey\"\". Eric Boswell was born in Millfield, Sunderland, son of a tailor and a seamstress. He studied piano from age seven and later organ under Clifford Hartley, organist of Bishopwearmouth Church (now Sunderland Minster). After degrees in Electrical Engineering from Sunderland Technical College and Physics from Birkbeck College, London, Boswell joined Marconi as a scientist working with radar before becoming a Physics lecturer. Meanwhile, he spent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20336430", "chunk_text": "\"Ged Grimes\"\nannounced they had also picked up Ged Grimes' endorsement. Ged Grimes Ged Grimes (born on 28 March 1962 in Dundee) is a Scottish musician, producer and composer. He is currently the bass player for rock group Simple Minds, and was a founding member of Scottish pop band Danny Wilson whose hits include \"\"Mary's Prayer\"\" (from \"\"Meet Danny Wilson\"\" and featured prominently in the Original Motion Picture Soundtrack to the movie \"\"There's Something About Mary\"\"), and \"\"The Second Summer of Love\"\" (from \"\"Bebop Moptop\"\"). After the break-up of Danny Wilson, Grimes began to focus on writing, performing, and producing other artists", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "713500", "chunk_text": "\"Chubby Checker\"\nrecorded a novelty single for Clark in which the singer portrayed a school teacher with an unruly classroom of musical performers. The premise allowed Checker to imitate such acts as Fats Domino, The Coasters, Elvis Presley, Cozy Cole, and Ricky Nelson, Frankie Avalon, and Fabian Forte as The Chipmunks, each singing \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\". Clark sent the song out as his Christmas greeting, and it received such good response that Cameo-Parkway signed Checker to a recording contract. Titled \"\"The Class\"\", the single became Checker's first release, charting at #38 in the spring of 1959. Checker introduced his version", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10870620", "chunk_text": "\"The Wind Cries Mary\"\n\"\"Mademoiselle Mabry\"\" for Miles Davis' album \"\"Filles de Kilimanjaro\"\". The Wind Cries Mary \"\"The Wind Cries Mary\"\" is a rock ballad written by Jimi Hendrix. According to his then girlfriend, Kathy Etchingham's, account, he wrote the lyrics after an argument with her, using \"\"Mary\"\" (Etchingham's middle name). In a later interview, Hendrix commented that the lyrics represent \"\"more than one person\"\". Billy Cox, Hendrix's long-time friend and later bassist, has noted Curtis Mayfield's influence on the song. Hendrix performed elements or an early version in the summer of 1966 with his band Jimmy James and the Blue Flames in New", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2064394", "chunk_text": "\"Soul Finger\"\nSoul Finger \"\"Soul Finger\"\" is the first single released by R&B group the Bar-Kays. It was issued by Stax Records on the Volt Records label on April 14, 1967. The song was written by the Bar-Kays while they were rehearsing with Norman West to perform a cover of J.J. Jackson's \"\"But It's Alright\"\". It begins with the melody of the popular children's song \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\" and then cuts into the main riff, punctuated with a high trumpet trill. It features a chorus of neighborhood children who had been loitering outside the recording studio; they were instructed to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7265207", "chunk_text": "Sheep\nsheep themselves. Christ is also portrayed as the Sacrificial lamb of God (\"\"Agnus Dei\"\") and Easter celebrations in Greece and Romania traditionally feature a meal of Paschal lamb. In many Christian traditions, a church leader is called the pastor, which is derived from the Latin word for shepherd. Sheep are key symbols in fables and nursery rhymes like \"\"The Wolf in Sheep's Clothing\"\", \"\"Little Bo Peep\"\", \"\"Baa, Baa, Black Sheep\"\", and \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\"; novels such as George Orwell's \"\"Animal Farm\"\" and Haruki Murakami's \"\"A Wild Sheep Chase\"\"; songs such as Bach's \"\"Sheep may safely graze\"\" (\"\"Schafe können", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19408737", "chunk_text": "\"Rick Besoyan\"\nRick Besoyan Richard Besoyan (July 2, 1924 – March 13, 1970) was a singer, actor, playwright, composer and director especially of operetta and musicals. He is best remembered for writing the successful satirical musical \"\"Little Mary Sunshine\"\". Born in Reedley, California to Amos and Mabel (Madie) Besoyan, on July 2, 1924. In 1928 the family moved to Alameda, California. Besoyan attended Lincoln School, writing his first song when he was twelve. He graduated from Alameda High School in 1942. While in High School, Besoyan and a few friends wrote and produced a musical, \"\"High and Dry\"\". He enrolled at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "373139", "chunk_text": "\"Paul McCartney and Wings\"\nby Wings\"\". Despite limited airplay, it reached number 16 in the UK, as well as number 1 in both the Republic of Ireland and Spain. Wings released a children's song, \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\", as its next single, which reached the top 10 in the UK. Although some critics interpreted it as a sarcastic reaction to the ban on \"\"Give Ireland Back to the Irish\"\", it was in fact a serious effort by McCartney to record a song for children. Wings followed it with December 1972's \"\"Hi, Hi, Hi\"\", which was again banned by the BBC, this time for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13000440", "chunk_text": "\"Liberia; or, Mr. Peyton's Experiments\"\nto the 1852 anti-Tom novel \"\"Frank Freeman's Barber Shop\"\" by Baynard Rush Hall, which also featured a slave being sent to Liberia by the American Colonization Society after leading a miserable life in the Northern United States. Liberia; or, Mr. Peyton's Experiments Liberia; or, Mr. Peyton's Experiments is an 1853 novel by Sarah Josepha Hale, the author of the nursery rhyme \"\"Mary Had a Little Lamb\"\", who wrote the novel under the name of Sara J. Hale. \"\"Liberia\"\" falls under the category of plantation literature, a literary genre that emerged in the Southern United States in response to \"\"Uncle Tom's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14682683", "chunk_text": "\"Thunder Entered Her\"\nThunder Entered Her Thunder Entered Her is a choral piece written by the English composer John Tavener in 1990. It was commissioned by the St Albans Chamber Choir and it is written for SATB chorus, handbells and pipe organ. The simple lyrics \"\"Thunder entered her / And made no sound\"\" are taken from Saint Ephrem the Syrian (c. 306–373), which describe the immaculate motherhood of Mary. The Messiah child is described as \"\"The Shepherd of all ... [who] became a lamb.\"\" The poem ends with a lamb entering the world \"\"bleating\"\", featuring a melismatic tenor solo. The multi-layered composition features", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_291	factories that assemble parts made in other countries?	n/a	[ "special economic zones" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14161211", "chunk_text": "\"Manufacturing in the United States\"\nthose jobs back from overseas, establish protectionism, and reduce immigration. Manufacturing continues to evolve, due to factors such as information technology, supply chain innovations such as containerization, companies un-bundling tasks that used to be in one location or business, reduced barriers to trade, and competition from low-cost developing countries such as China and Mexico. Manufacturing is conducted among globally distributed supply chains, with various stages of production conducted in different countries. For example, automotive parts may be manufactured in the U.S., shipped to Mexico for assembly, then sent back to the U.S. In some cases, the components of the final", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3005507", "chunk_text": "Offshoring\nbusiness function. Production offshoring, also known as physical restructuring, of established products involves relocation of physical manufacturing processes to a lower-cost destination. Examples of production offshoring include the manufacture of electronic components in Costa Rica, production of apparel, toys, and consumer goods in China, Vietnam etc. Product design, research and the development process that leads to new products, are relatively difficult to offshore. This is because research and development, in order to improve products and create new reference designs, require a skill set that is harder to obtain in regions with cheap labor. For this reason, in many cases only", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "178683", "chunk_text": "\"Manufacturing in the United States\"\nJapan, the United Kingdom, Germany, South Korea, Brazil, the Netherlands, and Singapore. With the exception of the Netherlands, exports to all of these countries increased in the first quarter of 2010, compared to the same quarter in 2009. Notably, exports to Canada increased by 22 percent, Mexico by 28 percent, and China by 47 percent over this period. Exports to the two NAFTA partners accounted for nearly one-third (32 percent) of U.S. merchandise trade in the first quarter of 2010. The panel chart in this section includes four diagrams describing manufacturing labor, output, and productivity historical trends through 2016: The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7535083", "chunk_text": "\"Caterpillar Inc.\"\nto produce Cat branded footwear. Other licensees sell items including scale models of Cat products, clothing, hats, luggage, watches, flashlights, shovels, knives, fans, gloves, smartphones and other consumer products. Caterpillar products and components are manufactured in 110 facilities worldwide. 51 plants are located in the United States and 59 overseas plants are located in Australia (until 2015), Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Czech Republic, England, France, Germany, Hungary, India (Chennai), Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Northern Ireland, Poland, Russia, Singapore, South Africa and Sweden. Caterpillar's historical manufacturing home is in Peoria, Illinois, which also has been the location of Caterpillar's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2166237", "chunk_text": "\"Original equipment manufacturer\"\nOriginal equipment manufacturer An original equipment manufacturer (OEM) is a company that produces parts and equipment that may be marketed by another manufacturer. For example, Foxconn, a Taiwanese electronics contract manufacturing company, which produces a variety of parts and equipment for companies such as Apple Inc., Dell, Google, Huawei, Nintendo, Xiaomi, etc., is the largest OEM company in the world by both scale and revenue. The term is also used in several other ways, which causes ambiguity. It sometimes means the maker of a system that includes other companies' subsystems, an end-product producer, an automotive part that is manufactured by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10704669", "chunk_text": "Manufacturing\nAmerica include General Motors Corporation, General Electric, Procter & Gamble, General Dynamics, Boeing, Pfizer, and Precision Castparts. Examples in Europe include Volkswagen Group, Siemens, FCA and Michelin. Examples in Asia include Toyota, Yamaha, Panasonic, LG, Samsung and Tata Motors. Emerging technologies have provided some new growth in advanced manufacturing employment opportunities in the Manufacturing Belt in the United States. Manufacturing provides important material support for national infrastructure and for national defense. On the other hand, most manufacturing may involve significant social and environmental costs. The clean-up costs of hazardous waste, for example, may outweigh the benefits of a product that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14337991", "chunk_text": "Volkswagen\nthe world, manufacturing or assembling vehicles for local markets. In addition to plants in Germany, Volkswagen has manufacturing or assembly facilities in Mexico, the United States, Slovakia, China, India, Indonesia, Russia, Malaysia, Brazil, Argentina, Portugal, Spain, Poland, the Czech Republic, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kenya and South Africa. In 2011, Volkswagen was named in the top 25 largest companies in the world by the Forbes Global 2000. Volkswagen is setting up a new factory in West Java, Indonesia, which started construction in mid-2013. The investment into the new plant, which will produce large transporters and multivans, is valued at $140 million.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8766453", "chunk_text": "\"Economic nationalism\"\nexpand globally, the definition of local goods becomes hazy. For example, while a particular car may be assembled in America, its engine may be made in another country such as China. Furthermore, while the engine may be made in China, the engine's components may be imported from several other countries: the pistons may come from Germany and the spark plugs may come from Mexico. The components that make up the spark plugs and pistons may come from different countries and so on. Notable countries that utilize economic nationalism are Venezuela, Cuba, the People's Republic of China, Zimbabwe, India, Russia, France,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3622626", "chunk_text": "\"WEG Industries\"\nproduction is distributed in manufacturing plants in 12 countries such as Brazil, Argentina, Mexico, Portugal, China, South Africa and in the United States . WEG also exports to over 100 countries and counts on branches and technical assistance in all five continents. In May 2008, WEG announced a new factory in India. Another highlight is WEG's training department, which invests in courses, both internal and external, for the workers and new trainees from all branches over the world. Created in 1968 to aid in the lack of qualified professionals in the area of mechanical engineers, \"\"CentroWEG\"\" grew and diversified its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6118114", "chunk_text": "\"ASIMCO Technologies\"\nASIMCO Technologies ASIMCO Technologies is a large independent automotive components manufacturer headquartered in Beijing, China. With sales in excess of US$500 million, the company is one of the largest producers of automotive components in China, with 10 manufacturing operations, 52 sales offices and roughly 900 service stations across the People's Republic of China. It is the first international components manufacturer based in China, with over 15% of its annual sales made to customers in the United States, Europe and Japan. ASIMCO specializes in the production and development of fuel injection systems, powertrains, chassis components, rotating electrics and NVH products. In", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6186361", "chunk_text": "\"Electronics manufacturing services\"\nElectronics manufacturing services Electronics manufacturing services (EMS) is a term used for companies that design, manufacture, test, distribute, and provide return/repair services for electronic components and assemblies for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). The concept is also referred to as electronics contract manufacturing (ECM). Many consumer electronics are built in China, due to maintenance cost, availability of materials, quality, and speed as opposed to other countries such as the United States. Cities such as Shenzhen have become important production centres for the industry, attracting many consumer electronics companies such as Apple Inc. The EMS industry took off after the late 1970s", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5700563", "chunk_text": "Manufacturing\nin other high-wage countries. A total of 3.2 million – one in six U.S. manufacturing jobs – have disappeared between 2000 and 2007. In the UK, EEF the manufacturers organization has led calls for the UK economy to be rebalanced to rely less on financial services and has actively promoted the manufacturing agenda. List of top 20 manufacturing countries by total value of manufacturing in US dollars for its noted year according to Worldbank. Manufacturing Manufacturing is the production of merchandise for use or sale using labour and machines, tools, chemical and biological processing, or formulation. The term may refer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11565536", "chunk_text": "\"Association for Manufacturing Technology\"\ninclude: AMT also supports their membership with technology centers and representative offices in China, India, Poland, Mexico and Brazil. Association for Manufacturing Technology The Association for Manufacturing Technology (AMT) is a trade association based in McLean, Virginia, in the United States. It was founded as the National Machine Tool Builders' Association (NMTBA) in 1902. It represents and promotes the interests of American providers of manufacturing machinery and equipment. The AMT’s most visible activity is its management of the International Manufacturing Technology Show (IMTS), which is held on even-numbered years at McCormick Place in Chicago, Illinois. The AMT is a committee-driven", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8604108", "chunk_text": "\"Manufacturing engineering\"\nin the late 1970s: These computer-controlled welding arms and grippers could perform simple tasks such as attaching a car door quickly and flawlessly 24 hours a day. This cut costs and improved production speed. The history of manufacturing engineering can be traced to factories in the mid 19th century USA and 18th century UK. Although large home production sites and workshops were established in China, ancient Rome and the Middle East, the Venice Arsenal provides one of the first examples of a factory in the modern sense of the word. Founded in 1104 in the Republic of Venice several hundred", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8668523", "chunk_text": "\"Vorwerk (company)\"\nover 27 companies worldwide, which are divided into eight main fields of business. as well as sales companies in Germany, Austria, Italy, France, Spain, Czech Republic, Poland, Russia, Portugal, China, Taiwan, Mexico, Japan, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Hungary, United States of America, Brazil, Dominican Republic, India, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia. as well as additional sales companies in Mexico, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, Italy, Netherlands, Brazil, Indonesia as well as additional sales companies in Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, Taiwan, Australia, Vietnam, Malaysia. as well as additional subsidiaries in Germany, Austria, Netherlands, Czech Republic, Poland, Belgium, Greece as well as additional subsidiaries", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7953046", "chunk_text": "\"Lean manufacturing\"\nsecond factory or warehouse near their major markets in order to react consumers’ need promptly instead of investing manufacturing factories on the lost-cost countries. For instance, Dell sells computers directly from their website, cutting franchised dealers out of their supply chains. Then, the firm use outsourced partners to produce its components, deliver components to their assembly plants on these main markets around the world, like America and China. Zara made decision of speeding their fashion to the consumers market by fast-producing cloths within five weeks with their local partners in Spain and never involved in mass production to pursue new", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8688799", "chunk_text": "\"Made in USA\"\nhands, cases, crystals, and buckles are manufactured in Guangdong, China. Made in USA The \"\"Made in USA\"\" mark is a country of origin label that indicates the product is \"\"all or virtually all\"\" made in the United States. The label is regulated by the Federal Trade Commission (FTC). In general, goods imported into the United States must have a country of origin label unless excepted, but goods manufactured in the United States can be sold with no \"\"Made in the USA\"\" label unless explicitly required. U.S.-made goods that must bear an origin label include automobiles, textiles, wool, and fur products.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8836281", "chunk_text": "\"Torrington Company\"\nprolific growth of the bearing industry, while the company's host of other products buttressed its financial performance. In addition to bearings, Torrington's eight domestic plants were devoted to the manufacture of nuts, screws, bolts, metal specialties, spokes and nipples, drill bits, surgeon needles, hooking and felting needles, swaging machines, and a special purpose sewing machine, lending a diversity to the company's business lines that insulated it from cyclical economic conditions to a large extent. Beyond U.S. borders, the Torrington empire comprised manufacturing facilities in England, Canada, Germany, Brazil, Italy, Portugal, and in Japan, giving the company a sizeable presence in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2268241", "chunk_text": "\"Manufacturing in Hong Kong\"\nnot limited to Mainland China. Some industrialists relocated their factories to nearby countries such as Thailand, India, the Philippines, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Malaysia. Two individual terms were coined. The first, 'made \"\"in\"\" Hong Kong', refers to the process in which all power, resources (apart from raw materials exported from foreign countries), labour, capital, design and management occur in Hong Kong, and the products are either sold locally or exported overseas. This system is a pre-relocation manufacturing system. The second, 'made \"\"by\"\" Hong Kong', refers to the process in which capital, design, management and office occur in Hong Kong.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13721885", "chunk_text": "\"Mini (marque)\"\nby BMW's Plant Steyr in Austria, having previously been manufactured in France and England by PSA. Mini sub-assemblies and pressings such as doors are supplied by the plant at Swindon, where 1,000 are employed and 280 pressed parts are produced using 135 welding robots. The Swindon plant was originally Swindon Pressings Ltd, founded in 1955 by the Pressed Steel Company and became a wholly owned subsidiary of the BMW Group in May 2000. Minis are primarily developed in the United Kingdom by BMW's Development Division. In 2013, assembly of the Countryman was expanded to three international locations: from April 2013", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8081018", "chunk_text": "\"Alpha Industries\"\nexpanded its range of manufacturing outside of the United States. Much of their product is made in China. By the mid-1980s Alpha found that some of their products were envied by foreign military groups and were recommended to military attachés by the United States Defense Logistics Agency (DLA). In deals that required foreign groups to purchase through American manufacturers Alpha found itself with a new customer bases in other countries. During the latter decades of the 20th century Alpha produced clothing for military organizations throughout the world including Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Chile, Ecuador, Holland, Jordan, New Guinea, Saudi Arabia, Singapore,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8688798", "chunk_text": "\"Made in USA\"\nthere appears to be no \"\"bright line\"\" determining what \"\"all or substantially all\"\" means. Examples are given on the FTC site; a barbecue grill made of components made in USA with the exception of the knobs may be called \"\"Made in USA\"\" while a garden tool with an imported motor may not. In June 2016, the Federal Trade Commission ordered Shinola Detroit to stop using \"\"Where American is Made\"\" as a slogan as \"\"100% of the cost of materials used to make certain watches is attributable to imported materials.\"\" Today, the Ronda movements are made in Bangkok, Thailand. The dials,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16115885", "chunk_text": "\"Mayfran International\"\nMayfran International Mayfran International is an International company that sells customized or adapted products and systems that process materials and fluids in automated manufacturing and scrap management operations. It operates six production facilities and 14 sales and service offices, and the company operates throughout the U.S., Canada, China, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, India, Japan, Korea, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. Mayfran Engineering Company was founded by George Meyfarth and A.J. Franz in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1933 as a general industrial engineering firm. In the 1950s, after developing a number of technological innovations, including its patented \"\"hinged steel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7218818", "chunk_text": "\"Contract manufacturer\"\ntrue protectionism. The iPad and iPhone, which are products of Apple Inc., are manufactured in China by Foxconn. Hence, Foxconn is a contract manufacturer, and Apple benefits from a lower cost of manufacturing devices. Some devices may also be manufactured by Pegatron. Apple may move some fraction of iPhone assembly into the United States in the near future. Contract manufacturer A contract manufacturer (\"\"CM\"\") is a manufacturer that contracts with a firm for components or products. It is a form of outsourcing. A contract manufacturer performing packaging operations is called copacker or a \"\"contract packager\"\". In a contract manufacturing business", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13394852", "chunk_text": "\"Captive import\"\nof the vehicle might be an affiliate of the importer. The Chevrolet Forester was sold in India by General Motors, where its manufacturer, Japan-based Subaru does not have a sales presence and the importation agreement started during the period when the manufacturer of Subaru, Fuji Heavy Industries, was affiliated with General Motors. A vehicle manufactured in a country where the manufacturers' indigenous country has a free-trade agreement with other countries in the same region such as the European Union for Europe, NAFTA for North America or ASEAN for Southeast Asia and manufactured in a plant fully or partially owned by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4611259", "chunk_text": "\"Assembly line\"\npace with very repetitive motions which led to more output per worker while other countries were using less productive methods. In the automotive industry, its success was dominating, and quickly spread worldwide. Ford France and Ford Britain in 1911, Ford Denmark 1923, Ford Germany and Ford Japan 1925; in 1919, Vulcan (Southport, Lancashire) was the first native European manufacturer to adopt it. Soon, companies had to have assembly lines, or risk going broke by not being able to compete; by 1930, 250 companies which did not had disappeared. The massive demand for military hardware in World War II prompted assembly-line", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19862008", "chunk_text": "\"Modification and Replacement Parts Association\"\nit has The manufacturers that meet these standards are issued Parts Manufacturer Approval (PMA) by the FAA. Because the United States was the first nation to adopt rules permitting the manufacture of aircraft after market parts (and for many decades was the only nation with these rules), the PMA industry is primarily concentrated in the United States. Other countries have started to investigate and even adopt PMA rules. Some non-US manufacturers have started to investigate the benefits that MARPA can bring to them. In the future, MARPA's manufacturing membership may reflect a more international base. MARPA's members include many air", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13357211", "chunk_text": "\"Manufacturing in the United States\"\nAmerican companies such as Boeing, Cessna \"\"(see: Textron)\"\", Lockheed Martin \"\"(see: Skunk Works)\"\", and General Dynamics produce a vast majority of the world's civilian and military aircraft in factories stretching across the United States. The Congressional Research Service reported in January 2017 that: One narrative about the industry (described pejoratively as \"\"manufacturing fetishism\"\") argues two mistaken fallacies, that: 1) a country cannot develop without a strong manufacturing base; 2. trade restrictions are essential to strengthen the manufacturing base and spur economic growth. However, researchers find the manufacturing share is not significantly correlated with a higher standard of living nor various", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13801993", "chunk_text": "\"Factory (trading post)\"\nFactory (trading post) \"\"Factory\"\" (from Latin \"\"facere\"\", meaning \"\"to do\"\"; , , , ) was the common name during the medieval and early modern eras for an entrepôt – which was essentially an early form of free-trade zone or transshipment point. At a factory, local inhabitants could interact with foreign merchants, often known as factors. First established in Europe, factories eventually spread to many other parts of the world. The factories established by European states in Africa, Asia and the Americas from the 15th century onward also tended to be official political dependencies of those states. These have been seen,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11363325", "chunk_text": "\"Knock-down kit\"\nAirbus uses knock-down kits to assemble A320 family aircraft outside Europe. The Airbus A320 final assembly line in Tianjin, China assembles fuselage, wing, and tail sections made in Europe with avionics and engines made in Europe or the United States and locally sourced components for interiors. Airbus has opened a similar A320 final assembly line in the United States in September 2015, located in Mobile, Alabama; again using European-made fuselages, wings, and tail sections. However, the Mobile final assembly line will use more locally sourced components than the Tianjin line; engines, interior components, and avionics will be sourced mainly from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14101537", "chunk_text": "\"Machine tool builder\"\ntool builder, a German one, or a Japanese one. Since the 1970s, the industry has globalized to the point that assigning nationality to the corporations becomes progressively more meaningless as one travels down the timeline leading up to the present day; currently, most machine tool builders are (or are subsidiaries of) multinational corporations or conglomerates. With these companies it is enough to say \"\"multinational corporation based in country X\"\", \"\"multinational corporation founded in country X\"\", etc. Subcategories such as \"\"American machine tool builders\"\" or \"\"Japanese machine tool builders\"\" would be senseless because, for example, companies like Hardinge and Yamazaki Mazak", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2475892", "chunk_text": "Revell\nand Testors. In 1956, the German subsidiary, Revell Plastics GmbH, was founded in Bünde, West Germany. During the 1970s, this company started developing and manufacturing its own lines of model kits independently and outside the direct control of Revell, USA. These models were imported into the United States, and some of the newer kits earned a reputation for high quality. However, the \"\"German\"\" kits are now produced only in Eastern Europe or China under the German Revell label. Once known as Revell AG (private stock company), the German company has now changed to the legal form of GmbH & Co.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7444304", "chunk_text": "\"Association of Global Automakers\"\nas the information independent shops need for repairs is already available online. Association of Global Automakers The Association of Global Automakers (Global Automakers) is a Washington, D.C.-based trade association and lobby group whose members include international automobile and light duty truck manufacturers that build and sell products in the United States. The Association of Global Automakers represents 14 international manufacturers, including Honda, Toyota, Nissan, Hyundai and Kia. Historically, most association members imported all of their products into the United States, , 33.8% of autos manufactured in the U.S. are produced by its members. The organization was created in 1965 as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11363326", "chunk_text": "\"Knock-down kit\"\nAmerican suppliers. Both the Airbus Tianjin and Mobile plants receive their fuselages, wings, and tail sections from Europe via ocean freight using specially designed ships, as the plants are located in port cities. A 1908 advertisement in \"\"Popular Mechanics\"\" attests that knock-down kits for houses were on the market by the early 20th century, if not before. Knock-down kit A knock-down kit is a kit containing the parts needed to assemble a product. The parts are typically manufactured in one country or region, then exported to another country or region for final assembly. Variant names include knockdown kit, knocked-down kit,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13325084", "chunk_text": "\"American system of manufacturing\"\nAmerican system of manufacturing The American system of manufacturing was a set of manufacturing methods that evolved in the 19th century. The two notable features were the extensive use of interchangeable parts and mechanization for production, which resulted in more efficient use of labor compared to hand methods. The system was also known as armory practice because it was first fully developed in armories, namely, the United States Armories at Springfield in Massachusetts and Harpers Ferry in Virginia (later West Virginia), inside contractors to supply the United States Armed Forces, and various private armories. The name \"\"American system\"\" came not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6563616", "chunk_text": "\"Cleveland CycleWerks\"\nfacility\"\" where production could begin. Colosimo spent six months in China developing the manufacturing process and quality control. Aware of the hostility to Chinese imports that undercut the prices of US goods, Colosimo said they could claim that their motorcycles are Made in USA, \"\"but that'd be bullshit. Just because we bolt a few parts on doesn't make it true.\"\" He alludes to US electric motorcycle makers whose production is in Taiwan and China, yet they advertise their bikes as US made because final assembly, like attaching the tires and handlebars, is in the US. For 2010, \"\"a building year\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4805715", "chunk_text": "\"Import substitution industrialization\"\nas automobiles). Volkswagen, Ford, GM, and Mercedes all established production facilities in Brazil in the 1950s and 1960s. The principal concept underlying ISI can thus be described as an attempt to reduce foreign dependency of a country's economy through local production of industrialized products, whether through national or foreign investment, for domestic or foreign consumption. It should be noted, as well, that import substitution does not mean \"\"import elimination\"\": as a country industrializes, it begins to import new materials that become necessary for its industries, such as petroleum, chemicals, and other raw materials it may have formerly lacked. In 2006,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17920729", "chunk_text": "\"Johnson Electric\"\nsubcontract workers in more than 20 countries, with the majority of the workforce engaged in production activities in China. Engineering centers are located in Canada, China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Hungary, Italy, Israel, Switzerland, the UK and the USA. The Automotive Products Group (\"\"APG\"\") provides powder metal components, custom motors, actuators, switches and motion sub-system solutions for all critical automotive motion related functions. Key customers include Valeo, Mahle, Magna, Ford, Volkswagen and General Motors. The APG product line comprises the following brands and products: The Automotive Products Group is focused to support the major automotive segments of powertrain, body and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16755782", "chunk_text": "\"Shinola (retail company)\"\nbe willing to pay a premium for the last one. Today, every Shinola product is technically assembled in the United States. However, many parts used in Shinola watches are manufactured in China and Thailand. These factories are owned by companies based in Switzerland. At the time of the company's founding in 2011, no American watchmaker had produced watches at scale since the late 1960s, with U.S.-based watchmaking relegated to select specialty companies such as RGM in Lancaster, PA. Shinola's current tagline is \"\"Where American is Made,\"\" and the company has actively utilized Detroit's reputation as a worldwide manufacturing hub in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11922732", "chunk_text": "Honda\nthe Tokyo Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange, as well as exchanges in Osaka, Nagoya, Sapporo, Kyoto, Fukuoka, London, Paris and Switzerland. The company has assembly plants around the globe. These plants are located in China, the United States, Pakistan, Canada, England, Japan, Belgium, Brazil, México, New Zealand, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Turkey, Taiwan, Perú and Argentina. As of July 2010, 89 percent of Honda and Acura vehicles sold in the United States were built in North American plants, up from 82.2 percent a year earlier. This shields profits from the yen's advance to a 15-year", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7444286", "chunk_text": "\"Association of Global Automakers\"\nAssociation of Global Automakers The Association of Global Automakers (Global Automakers) is a Washington, D.C.-based trade association and lobby group whose members include international automobile and light duty truck manufacturers that build and sell products in the United States. The Association of Global Automakers represents 14 international manufacturers, including Honda, Toyota, Nissan, Hyundai and Kia. Historically, most association members imported all of their products into the United States, , 33.8% of autos manufactured in the U.S. are produced by its members. The organization was created in 1965 as the Automobile Importers of America for the purpose of sharing technical and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8688796", "chunk_text": "\"Made in USA\"\nUSA. China's prices are rising and time to market is becoming increasingly important. Communication is difficult as well for companies that produce in areas where another language is spoken. The general manager of a Haier plant in Camden, South Carolina Bernie Tymkiw has been quoted saying, “We just don't have the brainstorming ability because of language.” The cultural disconnect can prove to be a significant barrier with global companies. Supply chains are agiler using local suppliers. There is a greater control over orders. High-end designers like being very close to their factories, as they have full control of the product", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12122394", "chunk_text": "\"CIE Automotive\"\nArgentina and Chile) In 2016, the launch of production in Tolyatti, Russia. CIE Automotive CIE Automotive is an industrial group specialised in supplying components and subassemblies for the automotive market. It is listed on the Madrid and Bilbao stock markets, and it has presence in 4 continents and 15 countries. CIE Automotive focuses its resources on three strategic business areas: Automotive components (with 6 basic technologies – Aluminium, Forging, Stamping and Tube Welding, Machining, Plastic and Casting, present in 9 countries), Biofuels, (with biodiesel plants operating in Spain and Italy, presence in Brazil and Guatemala, and its own sales network)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14101539", "chunk_text": "\"Machine tool builder\"\nincluded CECIMO (European Machine Tool Industry Association), the UK's ABMTM, MTTA, and MTA, and the Japan Machine Tool Builders' Association (JMTBA). Just as machine tool builders have long had trade associations, so have machine tool distributors (dealers). Examples have been the American Machine Tool Distributors’ Association (AMTDA) and the Japan Machine Tool Trade Association (JMTTA). In recent decades the builders' and distributors' associations have cooperated on shared interests to the extent that some of them have merged. For example, the former NMTBA and AMTDA have merged into the AMT. Major trade shows of the industry include IMTS (International Manufacturing Technology", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9486406", "chunk_text": "\"Automotive industry in Brazil\"\nmakers as Belgium, United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Russia, Spain, France and annual production exceeded 3,7 million vehicles in 2013 seventh largest in the World, although they have fallen substantially more recently. The Brazilian industry is regulated by the Associação Nacional dos Fabricantes de Veículos Automotores (Anfavea), created in 1956, which includes automakers (automobiles, light vehicles, trucks and buses) and agriculture machines with factories in Brazil. Anfavea is part of the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles (OICA), based in Paris. Most of large global companies are present in Brazil; such as BYD, Fiat, Volkswagen Group, Ford, General Motors, Nissan Motors,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3986462", "chunk_text": "\"Eberspächer\"\nhas its own production facility in Landau/Pfalz (Germany) and supplies automotive manufacturers. The production sites for fuel operated heaters and electrical heaters are located in Germany, England, Poland and China, for air conditioning systems in Germany, Brazil and India. Exhaust Technology sites are based in Germany, France, Czech Republic, England, Sweden, South Africa, USA, Brazil, Portugal, Romania, Russia and China. Production of automotive electronics is based in Germany. Eberspächer The Eberspächer Group of Companies, with headquarters in Esslingen am Neckar, Germany, is a privately owned family business that is an international automotive supplier with around 80 locations in 29 countries.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1450410", "chunk_text": "Linamar\nLinamar Linamar Corporation is a publicly traded Canadian manufacturing company which operates worldwide. It is Canada's second-largest automobile parts manufacturer (after Magna International). Linamar manufactures and supplies automotive and industrial markets with factories across North America, Europe, and Asia. Linamar has two divisions, Powertrain/Driveline and Industrial. These are further divided into the areas of machining and assembly, light metal casting (Montupet), forging (Seissenschmidt), aerial work platforms (Skyjack), and agricultural equipment (Harvestec). Based in Guelph, Ontario, The company's various operations employ nearly 26,000 persons worldwide in a total of 59 manufacturing plants, 6 R&D centres and 21 sales offices in 17", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16686922", "chunk_text": "\"TACO Faurecia Design Center\"\nautomotive industry. Headquartered in France, Faurecia is the second-largest automotive supplier in Europe and the ninth-largest in the world. Specializing in the design, production and assembly of a range of automotive component modules, the company is number one in Europe and number two worldwide in the cockpit and door segments. With 60,000 employees at 190 manufacturing sites and 28 R&D centers in 29 countries, it serves the world's leading automotive manufacturers, including BMW, DaimlerChrysler, Ford, GM, Peugeot, Renault, Toyota and Volkswagen. The company specializes in the design, production and assembly of seats, cockpits, doors, exhaust systems, acoustics and front ends.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3243482", "chunk_text": "\"Maschinenfabrik Liezen und Gießerei\"\nMaschinenfabrik Liezen und Gießerei Maschinenfabrik Liezen und Gießerei GesmbH is a foundry and mechanical engineering company based in Liezen, Austria. The company's origins date to 1939 when a factory was established in Liezen for war materials production. Post WWII the company \"\"\"\"Hütte Liezen\"\"\"\" entered state control and became a subsidiary to VÖEST in the 1950s. During the 1980s the company was involved in the 'Noricom' arms scandal due to its production of heavy artillery which were illegally exported. After independence from VOEST in the 1980s and bankruptcy in the 1990s the company was restarted as Maschinenfabrik Liezen und Gießerei Ges.m.b.H.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7282505", "chunk_text": "Martinrea\nMartinrea Martinrea International Inc. develops and produces metal parts, assemblies, modules, fluid-management systems and complex aluminum parts, primarily for the automotive sector. The company is headquartered in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada and has more than 14,000 employees at over 50 manufacturing and engineering facilities in North America, South America, Europe and Asia. In terms of automotive parts suppliers, Martinrea is a relatively young company. This firm's competitors have in some cases been in business for many decades. Martinrea was previously known as Royal Laser, and its business consisted primarily of the production of metal products including store fixtures and metal components.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_292	who is the book of galatians written to?	n/a	[ "the churches of Galatia" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8468772", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nEpistle to the Galatians The Epistle to the Galatians, often shortened to Galatians, is the ninth book of the New Testament. It is a letter from Paul the Apostle to a number of Early Christian communities in Galatia. Scholars have suggested that this is either the Roman province of Galatia in southern Anatolia, or a large region defined by an ethnic group of Celtic people in central Anatolia. Paul is principally concerned with the controversy surrounding Gentile Christians and the Mosaic Law during the Apostolic Age. Paul argues that the Gentile Galatians do not need to adhere to the tenets", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19222181", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 1\"\nwas not wholly spent in conversation with him; for he was, during this time, coming in and going out at Jerusalem, where he preached boldly in the name of Christ, and disputed against the Grecians. Galatians 1 Galatians 1 is the first chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle \"\"and the brethren that are with him\"\". This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): New King James Version New King James Version New King James Version Not three years", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19222178", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 1\"\nGalatians 1 Galatians 1 is the first chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle \"\"and the brethren that are with him\"\". This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): New King James Version New King James Version New King James Version Not three years after his return to Damascus, but after his conversion; and now it was that he moved to become a member of the church at Jerusalem; but they did not care to admit him, fearing that", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15630005", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nin Cilicia) after his first visit to Jerusalem as a Christian, or during his first missionary journey, when he traveled throughout southern Galatia. If it was written to the believers in South Galatia, it would likely have been written in 49. A third theory is that Galatians 2:1–10 describes Paul and Barnabas' visit to Jerusalem described in Acts 11:30 and 12:25. This theory holds that the epistle was written before the Council was convened, possibly making it the earliest of Paul's epistles. According to this theory, the revelation mentioned (Gal 2:2) corresponds with the prophecy of Agabus (Acts 11:27–28). This", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2875417", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 5\"\nGalatians 5 Galatians 5 is the fifth chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and \"\"the brethren that are with\"\" him. The original text is written in Koine Greek. Some most ancient manuscripts containing this chapter are: This chapter is divided into 26 verses. The New King James Version organises this chapter as follows: Contrasted with the attributes of a Spirit-filled Christian (verses 22–23), Paul lists behaviors that would prevent individuals from inheriting the kingdom of God. English Standard Version New King James Version Not", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15630001", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nbelong to the People of God, they must be subject to some or all of the Jewish Law, (i.e. Judaizers). The letter indicates controversy concerning circumcision, Sabbath observance, and the Mosaic Covenant. It would appear, from Paul's response, that they cited the example of Abraham, who was circumcised as a mark of receiving the covenant blessings (). They certainly appear to have questioned Paul's authority as an apostle, perhaps appealing to the greater authority of the Jerusalem church governed by James (brother of Jesus). The North Galatian view holds that the epistle was written very soon after Paul's second visit", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2610016", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 2\"\nGalatians 2 Galatians 2 is the second chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and \"\"the brethren that are with him.\"\" This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): New King James Version New King James Version These are the persons all along designed, though not till now named. James was the brother of our Lord who wrote the epistle that goes by his name, made that famous speech in the synod at Jerusalem, (), presided in that church,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8468773", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nof the Mosaic Law, particularly circumcision, by contextualizing the role of the law in light of the revelation of Christ. Galatians has exerted enormous influence on the history of Christianity, the development of Christian theology, and the study of the apostle Paul. No original of the letter is known to survive. The earliest reasonably complete version available to scholars today, named P, dates to approximately 200 AD, approximately 150 years after the original was presumably drafted. This papyrus is fragmented in a few areas, causing some of the original text carefully preserved over the years to be missing, \"\"however, through", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2875432", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 5\"\nfear from it, as a terrifying, accusing, cursing, and condemning law. The works of the flesh, and they that are of the flesh, are such that come under the notice and lash of the law; and not the fruits of the Spirit, and they that are after the Spirit, as such are who partake of his fruit. Galatians 5 Galatians 5 is the fifth chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and \"\"the brethren that are with\"\" him. The original text is written in Koine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5249016", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians (people)\"\nspoke a Celtic language, the Galatian language, which is sparsely attested. In the 1st century AD, many Galatians of the Roman Empire were Christianized by Paul the Apostle's missionary activities. The \"\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\" by Paul the Apostle is addressed to Galatian Christian communities and is preserved in the Bible (i.e. the New Testament). Seeing something of a Hellenized savage in the Galatians, Francis Bacon and other Renaissance writers called them \"\"Gallo-Graeci\"\", \"\"Gauls settled among the Greeks\"\" and the country \"\"Gallo-Graecia\"\", as had the 3rd century AD Latin historian Justin. The more usual term in Antiquity is (\"\"Hellēnogalátai\"\") of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1055222", "chunk_text": "\"Galatian language\"\n3rd century BC, when Celtic tribes - notably the Tectosages, Trocmii, and Tolistobogii - migrated south from the Balkans. According to the Greek historian Strabo, the Tectosages of Anatolia were related to the Volcae Tectosages of Gaul; the parent tribe of both branches, the Volcae, originally lived in central Europe. Sometime between AD 48–55, the Apostle Paul wrote his Epistle to the Galatians in Greek, the medium of communication in the eastern parts of the Roman Empire. This may mean that Galatians at the time were already bilingual in Greek, as St. Jerome later reports. However, scholars are divided as", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2875472", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 6\"\nany other. by \"\"fulfilling\"\", it is meant, doing it, acting in obedience to it, and not a perfect fulfilling it, which cannot be done by sinful creatures. Galatians 6 Galatians 6 is the sixth (and the last) chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and \"\"the brethren that are with\"\" him. This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): New King James Version Which may be understood either of sins, which are heavy burdens to sensible sinners, to all", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2875468", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 6\"\nGalatians 6 Galatians 6 is the sixth (and the last) chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and \"\"the brethren that are with\"\" him. This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): New King James Version Which may be understood either of sins, which are heavy burdens to sensible sinners, to all that are partakers of the grace of God; Christ is only able to bear these burdens, so as to remove them and take them away, which he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16840874", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 4\"\nGalatians 4 Galatians 4 is the fourth chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and \"\"the brethren that are with\"\" him. This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): New King James Version New King James Version That is of God, so some copies read; and the Ethiopic version, \"\"inasmuch as ye are his sons\"\"; not in so high a sense as Christ is the Son of God; nor in so low a sense as all men are his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7723279", "chunk_text": "\"Law of Christ\"\nlaws, and Christian ethics. In the Epistle to the Galatians, written by the Apostle Paul to a number of early Christian communities in the Roman province of Galatia in central Anatolia, he wrote: \"\"Bear one another's burdens, and so fulfill the law of Christ.\"\" (, NKJV). This could be an allusion either to the Second greatest commandment (\"\"love thy neighbor\"\") or the New Commandment (\"\"love one another\"\"). Possibly related, in a letter to the early Christians of Corinth, Greece, in the First Epistle to the Corinthians, Paul wrote: \"\"To those not having the law I became like one not having", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14789677", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nCeltic people living in northern Asia Minor, but most agree that it is a geographical reference to the Roman province in central Asia Minor, which had been settled by immigrant Celts in the 270s BC and retained Gaulish features of culture and language in Paul's day. Acts of the Apostles records Paul traveling to the \"\"region of Galatia and Phrygia\"\", which lies immediately west of Galatia. Some claim the New Testament says that the churches of Galatia (Antioch of Pisidia, Iconium, Lystra and Derbe) were founded by Paul himself (; ). They seem to have been composed mainly of gentile", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2610023", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 2\"\nwhom they \"\"stretch out the hand\"\" to bring them under the wings of the Shekinah, or in token of their being proselytes. New King James Version Galatians 2 Galatians 2 is the second chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and \"\"the brethren that are with him.\"\" This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): New King James Version New King James Version These are the persons all along designed, though not till now named. James was the brother", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14789689", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nno longer efficacious now that the seed of Abraham, Christ, has come. Chapter 4 then concludes with a summary of the topics discussed and with the benediction, followed by teaching about the right use of their Christian freedom. In the conclusion of the epistle, Paul wrote, \"\"See with what large letters I am writing to you with my own hand.\"\" (Galatians 6:11, ESV) Regarding this conclusion, Lightfoot, in his Commentary on the epistle, says: \"\"At this point the apostle takes the pen from his amanuensis, and the concluding paragraph is written with his own hand. From the time when letters", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14789676", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nas the Jewish Christians. Another indicator that the letter is early is that there is no hint in the letter of a developed organization within the Christian community at large. This puts it during the lifetime of Paul himself. Nevertheless, a small number of scholars have questioned Paul's authorship of Galatians, such as Bruno Bauer, Abraham Loman, C. H. Weisse and Frank R. McGuire. Paul's letter is addressed \"\"to the churches of Galatia\"\" (), but the location of these churches is a matter of debate. A minority of scholars have argued that the \"\"Galatia\"\" is an ethnic reference to a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8468785", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nThe citation here is based on the content of the gospel. Alternative outlines have been introduced based on the rhetorical form of the letter. Galatians This epistle addresses the question of whether the Gentiles in Galatia were obligated to follow Mosaic Law to be part of the Christ community. After an introductory address (), the apostle discusses the subjects which had occasioned the epistle. In the first two chapters, Paul discusses his life before Christ and his early ministry, including interactions with other apostles in Jerusalem. This is the most extended discussion of Paul's past that we find in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14789681", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nto Galatia (). In this view, the visit to Jerusalem, mentioned in , is identical with that of Acts 15, which is spoken of as a thing of the past. Consequently, the epistle seems to have been written after the Council of Jerusalem. The similarity between this epistle and the epistle to the Romans has led to the conclusion that they were both written at roughly the same time, during Paul's stay in Macedonia in roughly 56–57. This third date takes the word \"\"quickly\"\" in Gal. 1:6 literally. John P. Meier suggests that Galatians was \"\"written in the middle or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19238348", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 3\"\nGalatians 3 Galatians 3 is the third chapter of the Epistle to the Galatians in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle and \"\"the brethren that are with\"\" him. This chapter can be grouped (with cross references to other parts of the Bible): New King James Version Paul cited from the Old Testament, . New King James Version Citation from: The Pulpit Commentary paraphrases as \"\"but that in the Law no man is justified with God, is evident,\"\" that \"\"be justified\"\" means to be brought out of a state of guiltiness and cursedness", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8468792", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nhistorian Barrie Wilson points out in \"\"How Jesus Became Christian\"\", Paul's Letter to the Galatians represents a sweeping rejection of Jewish Law (Torah). In so doing Paul clearly takes his Christ movement out of the orbit of Judaism and into an entirely different milieu. Paul's stance constitutes a major contrast to the position of James, brother of Jesus, whose group in Jerusalem adhered to the observance of Torah. Many scholars question whether Paul's view dovetails with Jesus' own teachings concerning the Law. Online translations of the Epistle to Galatians: Related articles: Epistle to the Galatians The Epistle to the Galatians,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15630011", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nPauline letters (cf. Philippians 3:1–7). Some have read this autobiographical narrative as Paul's defense of his apostolic authority (; ). Others, however, see Paul's telling of the narrative as making an argument to the Galatians about the nature of the gospel and the Galatians' own situation. Chapter 3 exhorts the Galatian believers to stand fast in the faith as it is in Jesus. Paul engages in an exegetical argument, drawing upon the figure of Abraham and the priority of his faith to the covenant of circumcision. Paul explains that the law was introduced as a temporary measure, one that is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18490945", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians (people)\"\nGalatians (people) The Galatians (, \"\"Galátai\"\"; ; , \"\"Galátes\"\", \"\"Gauls\"\") were a Gallic people of the Hellenistic period that dwelt mainly in the north central regions of Asia Minor or Anatolia, in what was known as Galatia, in today's Turkey. In their origin they were a part of the great Celtic migration which invaded Macedon, led by Brennus. The original Celts who settled in Galatia came through Thrace under the leadership of Leotarios and Leonnorios c. 278 BC. These Celts consisted mainly of three tribes, the Tectosages, the Trocmii, and the Tolistobogii, but they were also other minor tribes. They", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18815083", "chunk_text": "\"Uncial 0176\"\nUncial 0176 Uncial 0176 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 4th century (or 5th). The codex contains a small part of the Epistle to the Galatians (3:16-25), on one parchment leaf (12 cm by 7 cm). It is written in one column per page, 22 lines per page, in a small uncial letters. The Greek text of this codex is mixed. Aland placed it in Category III. Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 4th or 5th century. It was examined by Guglielmo Cavallo. The codex currently", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8468790", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nGalatians also contains a catalogue of vices and virtues, a popular formulation of ancient Christian ethics. Probably the most famous single statement made in the Epistle, by Paul, is in chapter 3, verse 28: \"\"There is neither Jew nor Gentile, neither slave nor free, nor is there male and female, for you are all one in Christ Jesus.\"\" The debate surrounding that verse is legend and the two schools of thought are (1) this only applies to the spiritual standing of people in the eyes of God, it does not implicate social distinctions and gender roles on earth; and (2)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14871201", "chunk_text": "Galatia\nand wrote to the Christians there in the Epistle to the Galatians. Although originally possessing a strong cultural identity, by the 2nd century AD, the Galatians had become assimilated (Hellenization) into the Hellenistic civilization of Anatolia. The Galatians were still speaking the Galatian language in the time of St. Jerome (347–420 AD), who wrote that the Galatians of Ancyra and the Treveri of Trier (in what is now the Rhineland) spoke the same language (\"\"Comentarii in Epistolam ad Galatos\"\", 2.3, composed c. 387). In an administrative reorganisation (\"\"c.\"\" 386–395), two new provinces succeeded it, \"\"Galatia Prima\"\" and \"\"Galatia Secunda\"\" or", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17844223", "chunk_text": "\"New Testament household code\"\naccounts in Acts, Saul found himself on the ground, blinded by the intensity of a heavenly light. The risen Jesus gave Saul a commission to \"\"be a light to the Gentiles\"\". Called to be \"\"God’s great missionary to the Gentiles\"\", Paul also can claim what Bilezikian has termed \"\"an inaugural statement\"\" in the New Testament: Because of Paul's exhortations throughout Galatians about freedom \"\"in Christ\"\", Galatians has been called “the Magna Carta of the Reformation” and Luther’s “Katie von Bora.” It is the book on which the Protestant Reformation was founded. F.F. Bruce writes that the purpose of this letter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14789674", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\ncareful research relating to paper construction, handwriting development, and the established principles of textual criticism, scholars can be rather certain about where these errors and changes appeared and what the original text probably said.\"\" A majority of scholars agree that Galatians was written between the late 40s and early 50s. although some date the original composition to c. 50–60 AD.. Biblical scholars agree that Galatians is a true example of Paul's writing. The main arguments in favor of the authenticity of Galatians include its style and themes, which are common to the core letters of the Pauline corpus. George S.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14789682", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nlate 50s, only a few years after the Antiochene incident he narrates\"\". Eminent Biblical scholar Helmut Koester also subscribes to the \"\"North Galatian Hypothesis\"\". Koester points out that the cities of Galatia in the north consist of Ankyra, Pessinus, and Gordium (of the Gordian Knot fame of Alexander the Great). The South Galatian view holds that Paul wrote Galatians before or shortly after the First Jerusalem Council, probably on his way to it, and that it was written to churches he had presumably planted during either his time in Tarsus (he would have traveled a short distance, since Tarsus is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18815084", "chunk_text": "\"Uncial 0176\"\nis housed at the Laurentian Library (PSI 251) in Florence. Uncial 0176 Uncial 0176 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated paleographically to the 4th century (or 5th). The codex contains a small part of the Epistle to the Galatians (3:16-25), on one parchment leaf (12 cm by 7 cm). It is written in one column per page, 22 lines per page, in a small uncial letters. The Greek text of this codex is mixed. Aland placed it in Category III. Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 4th or 5th", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1055223", "chunk_text": "\"Galatian language\"\nto whether Paul was writing to Greek Galatians or to the Hellenized descendants of the Celtic Galatians. Lucian of Samosata recorded in circa AD 180 that the prophet Alexander of Abonoteichus was able to find Celtic-speaking interpreters for his oracles in Paphlagonia (immediately northeast of Galatia). The physician Galen of Pergamon in the late 2nd century AD complained that the commonly spoken Greek of his day was being corrupted by borrowings of foreign words from languages such as Galatian. In the 4th century St. Jerome (Hieronymus) wrote in a comment to Paul the Apostle's \"\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\" that \"\"apart", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16840876", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 4\"\nand laid it up; he set up his Son as the pattern to which these sons should be conformed, and proposed the glory of his own grace, as the end; by virtue of which act of grace they were considered as the children of God, as early as the gift of them to Christ; and so by him when he partook of their flesh and blood, and died to gather them together who were scattered abroad; see (; ) () . The Son of God has also a hand in this affair; for through his espousing their persons, they become", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1359737", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 3\"\n(\"\"For not the hearers of the Law are righteous with God\"\"); 1 Corinthians 3:19 (\"\"The wisdom of this world is foolishness with God\"\"), so it is God himself that justifies the sinner (Romans 3:30; Romans 4:5). A paraphrase based on direct translation from Greek in the Pulpit Commentary: \"\"the righteous by faith shall live\"\". It is noted in the Pulpit Commentary that the text doesn't use the usual phrase \"\"as Scripture saith\"\", same as in the next verse out of Leviticus; which is also the case in Romans 9:7, but in Romans 15:3 and 1 Corinthians 2:9 the apostle inserts,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15630000", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Galatians\"\nconverts (). After Paul's departure, the churches were led astray from Paul's trust/faith-centered teachings by individuals proposing \"\"another gospel\"\" (which centered on salvation through the Mosaic law, so-called legalism), whom Paul saw as preaching a \"\"different gospel\"\" from what Paul had taught (). The Galatians appear to have been receptive to the teaching of these newcomers, and the epistle is Paul's response to what he sees as their willingness to turn from his teaching. The identity of these \"\"opponents\"\" is disputed. However, the majority of modern scholars view them as Jewish Christians, who taught that in order for converts to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19222179", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 1\"\nhe was not a disciple, till such time that Barnabas took him, and brought him to the Apostles Peter and James, and related his conversion and his boldness in preaching the Gospel at Damascus: his view in going up to Jerusalem at this time was partly his own safety, being obliged to fly from Damascus, but chiefly The Alexandrian copy, and another, read \"\"Cephas\"\", and so does the Ethiopic version, the same with Peter: not to see what sort of a man he was, but to pay him a Christian visit; to converse with him about spiritual things; to know", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2610017", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 2\"\nwas a man of great holiness, and much esteemed of by the saints, and had a good report of them that were without. Cephas is Simon Peter. This name was given him by Christ, () and in the Syriac language signifies a \"\"stone\"\", as Peter does in the Greek, to which our Lord alludes, () . John was the evangelist, and the same that wrote the epistles, was the beloved disciple, and who outlived all the rest: not as the Arabic version, \"\"who thought themselves such\"\", but were esteemed so by others, and very rightly. They were pillars among the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8468828", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to Titus\"\nEpistle to Titus The Epistle of Paul to Titus, usually referred to simply as Titus, is one of the three Pastoral Epistles (along with 1 Timothy and 2 Timothy) in the New Testament, historically attributed to Paul the Apostle It is addressed to Saint Titus and describes the requirements and duties of elders and bishops. Not mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles, Saint Titus was noted in Galatians (cf. Gal. 2:1, 3) where Paul wrote of journeying to Jerusalem with Barnabas, accompanied by Titus. He was then dispatched to Corinth, Greece, where he successfully reconciled the Christian community there", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9217201", "chunk_text": "\"Uncial 062\"\nUncial 062 Uncial 062 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering) ε 64 (Soden), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament on parchment, dated palaeographically to the 5th century. The codex contains a part of the Epistle to the Galatians (4:15-5:14), survived only one leaf (22 cm by 18.5 cm). The text is written in two columns per page, 33 lines per page. It is a palimpsest. The upper text is Arabic. The Greek text of this codex Aland placed it in Category III. It is dated by the Institute for New Testament Textual Research to the 5th century. The codex", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2875423", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians 5\"\nis in the Holy Ghost, and has him for its author. The object of it is God, not as an absolute God, but as a covenant God and Father in Christ; as the God of salvation, as clothing with the robe of his Son's righteousness, and as pardoning iniquity, transgression, and sin, full atonement being made by the sacrifice of Christ; who also is the object of this joy in his person, fulness, righteousness, offices, relations, and when beheld, embraced, and enjoyed in a way of communion. This joy, likewise, which is the produce of the Spirit, lies in spiritual", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4573981", "chunk_text": "\"Uncial 0254\"\nUncial 0254 Uncial 0254 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 5th century. The codex contains a small part of the Epistle to the Galatians 5:13-17, on two parchment leaves (18 cm by 12 cm). It is written in one column per page, 20 lines per page, in uncial letters. It is a palimpsest, the upper text is written in Arabic. Currently it is dated by the INTF to the 6th century. Formerly the codex was held at the Qubbat al-Khazna in Damascus. The present location of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20897031", "chunk_text": "\"Galatians (people)\"\nIn the settlement of 64 BC, Galatia became a client-state of the Roman empire, the old constitution disappeared, and three chiefs (wrongly styled \"\"tetrarchs\"\") were appointed, one for each tribe. But this arrangement soon gave way before the ambition of one of these tetrarchs, Deiotarus, the contemporary of Cicero and Julius Caesar, who made himself master of the other two tetrarchies and was finally recognized by the Romans as 'king' of Galatia. Each tribal territory was divided into four cantons or tetrarchies. Each of the twelve tetrarchs had under him a judge and a general. A council of the nation", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1454766", "chunk_text": "\"Uncial 0158\"\nUncial 0158 Uncial 0158 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), α 1039 (in the Soden numbering), is a Greek uncial manuscript of the New Testament, dated palaeographically to the 5th century (or 6th century). The codex contains a small part of the Epistle to the Galatians 1:1-13, on one parchment leaf (30 cm by 22 cm). Written in two columns per page, 25 lines per page, in uncial letters. It is a palimpsest, the upper text is in Arabic. The text-type of this codex is unknown. Kurt Aland did not place it in any of Categories of New Testament manuscripts. It is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9714171", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle of James\"\nor contested writings (\"\"Historia ecclesiae\"\", 3.25; 2.23). Jerome gives a similar appraisal but adds that with time it had been universally admitted. Gaius Marius Victorinus, in his commentary on the Epistle to the Galatians, openly questioned whether the teachings of James were heretical. Its late recognition in the Church, especially in the West, may be explained by the fact that it was written for or by Jewish Christians, and therefore not widely circulated among the Gentile Churches. There is some indication that a few groups distrusted the book because of its doctrine. In Reformation times a few theologians, most notably", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11826260", "chunk_text": "\"Epistle to the Hebrews\"\nEpistle to the Hebrews The Epistle to the Hebrews, or Letter to the Hebrews, or in the Greek manuscripts, simply To the Hebrews ( Πρὸς Ἑβραίους) is one of the books of the New Testament. The text is traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle, but doubt on Pauline authorship is reported by Eusebius, and modern biblical scholarship considers its authorship unknown, perhaps written in deliberate imitation of the style of Paul. Although the writer's style reflects some characteristics of Paul's writing, there are some differences. Scholars of Greek consider its writing to be more polished and eloquent than any other", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4184587", "chunk_text": "\"Promised Land\"\nhaving been given to all Jews, including proselytes and in turn their descendants, with the traditional view being that a convert becomes a child of Abraham, as in the term \"\"ben Avraham\"\". In the New Testament, the descent and promise is reinterpreted along religious lines. In the Epistle to the Galatians, Paul the Apostle draws attention to the formulation of the promise, avoiding the term \"\"seeds\"\" in plural (meaning many people), choosing instead \"\"seed,\"\" meaning one person, who, he understands to be Jesus (and those united with him). For example, in he notes: In Paul goes further, noting that the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7684635", "chunk_text": "\"New Testament\"\nhypotheses put forth in the last hundred years or so. Ben Witherington points out that linguistic evidence makes it unlikely that the books were written by the same person. The earliest works that became part of the New Testament are the letters of the Apostle Paul. The earliest of the books of the New Testament was First Thessalonians, an epistle of Paul, written probably in 51, or possibly Galatians in 49 according to one of two theories of its writing. In the 1830s German scholars of the Tübingen school tried to date the books as late as the 3rd century,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19482337", "chunk_text": "\"Allegorical interpretation of the Bible\"\nthese being interpreted allegorically in common with the part which, so far as the letter goes, did not happen at all.\"\" It is a common misconception that Paul the Apostle's Letter to the Galatians, in the New Testament, interprets the story of Sarah and Hagar (Genesis 16:1-6) allegorically (Galatians 4:21-24). Rather Paul is explaining an allegory - these are two entirely different things. An explanation is not a call for universal use of an interprative method. Paul explains Hagar's son Ishmael is a representation of the fleshly children of Abraham and Sarah's son Isaac is a representation of the spiritual", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7229509", "chunk_text": "\"The Castle (novel)\"\nthe official Galater (the German word for Galatians), one of the initial regions to develop a strong Christian following from the work of Apostle Paul and his assistant Barnabas. The name of the messenger, Barnabas, for the same reason. Even the Critical Editions naming of the beginning chapter, \"\"Arrival\"\", among other things liken K. to an Old Testament messiah. The obvious thread throughout \"\"The Castle\"\" is bureaucracy. The extreme degree is nearly comical and the village residents' justifications of it are amazing. Hence it is no surprise that many feel that the work is a direct result of the political", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_293	what type of song is what a wonderful world?	n/a	[ "a pop ballad", "jazz", "pop ballad", "Traditional pop" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4853666", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World\"\nWhat a Wonderful World \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\" is a pop ballad written by Bob Thiele (as \"\"George Douglas\"\") and George David Weiss. It was first recorded by Louis Armstrong and released in 1967 as a single, which topped the pop charts in the United Kingdom. Thiele and Weiss were both prominent in the music world (Thiele as a producer and Weiss as a composer/performer). Armstrong's recording was inducted in the Grammy Hall of Fame in 1999. The publishing for this song is controlled by Memory Lane Music Group, Carlin Music Corp. and BMG Rights Management. One source claims the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10721878", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)\"\nWonderful World (Sam Cooke song) \"\"Wonderful World\"\" (occasionally referred to as \"\"(What A) Wonderful World\"\") is a song by American singer-songwriter Sam Cooke. Released on April 14, 1960, by Keen Records, it had been recorded during an impromptu session the previous year, Cooke's last recording session at Keen. He signed with RCA Victor in 1960 and \"\"Wonderful World,\"\" then unreleased, was issued as a single in competition. The song was mainly composed by songwriting team Lou Adler and Herb Alpert, but Cooke revised the lyrics to mention the subject of education more. \"\"Wonderful World\"\" ended up doing substantially better on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "387815", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)\"\n250,000 copies. In a 2005 poll by the UK's Channel Four the song was voted the 19th-greatest song ever to feature in a commercial. Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song) \"\"Wonderful World\"\" (occasionally referred to as \"\"(What A) Wonderful World\"\") is a song by American singer-songwriter Sam Cooke. Released on April 14, 1960, by Keen Records, it had been recorded during an impromptu session the previous year, Cooke's last recording session at Keen. He signed with RCA Victor in 1960 and \"\"Wonderful World,\"\" then unreleased, was issued as a single in competition. The song was mainly composed by songwriting team Lou", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15206011", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World\"\nlevel of popularity. In 1978, it was featured in the closing scenes of BBC radio's cult hit, \"\"The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy\"\", and was repeated for BBC's 1981 TV adaptation of the series. In 1988, Armstrong's recording appeared in the film \"\"Good Morning, Vietnam\"\" (despite the film being set in 1965 — two years before it was recorded) and was re-released as a single, hitting No. 32 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 chart in February 1988. The single charted at number one for the fortnight ending June 27, 1988 on the Australian chart. It is also the closing song", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15206015", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World\"\nthe song peaked at number 19 in Sweden and was a minor hit in Walloon Belgium. When the song reached number one in the UK, Melua thanked everyone who bought the single, saying, \"\"Thank you to everyone who has shown such festive goodwill.\"\" The duet was later included on her 2008 compilation album \"\"The Katie Melua Collection\"\". What a Wonderful World \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\" is a pop ballad written by Bob Thiele (as \"\"George Douglas\"\") and George David Weiss. It was first recorded by Louis Armstrong and released in 1967 as a single, which topped the pop charts in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15206009", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World\"\nwas a major success in the United Kingdom, reaching number one on the UK Singles Chart. In the United States, the song hit No. 16 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Bubbling Under Chart. It was also the biggest-selling single of 1968 in the UK where it was among the last pop singles issued by HMV Records before becoming an exclusive classical music label. The song made Louis Armstrong the oldest male to top the UK Singles Chart. Armstrong's record was broken in 2009 when a remake of \"\"Islands in the Stream\"\" recorded for Comic Relief—which included the 68-year-old Tom Jones—reached number one", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18007835", "chunk_text": "\"It's a Big Wide Wonderful World\"\nIt's a Big Wide Wonderful World \"\"It's A Big, Wide, Wonderful World\"\" is a popular song written by John Rox and published in 1939. The song first appeared in the 1940 Broadway musical play \"\"All In Fun\"\". Sung by Deanna Durbin in her last film, \"\"For the Love of Mary,\"\" in 1948. Cut from the film for its original release, subsequent video versions have restored it. The version by Buddy Clark reached a peak on the \"\"Billboard\"\" charts at #25 in 1949. It was also featured in the film Sweet Bird of Youth. It was sung by Dean Martin in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15206013", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World\"\n2014, Louis Armstrong's 1967 recording had sold 2,173,000 downloads in the United States after it was released digitally. In 2007, Georgian-British singer-songwriter Katie Melua recorded a version of the song with American singer and guitarist Eva Cassidy, who had passed away in 1996. Recorded by Melua singing over the original Cassidy track, the duet was released in late 2007 as a charity single for the British Red Cross. Melua, who considers Cassidy one of her musical idols, had previously sung with Cassidy in this manner on Christmas Eve 2006, when she performed \"\"Over the Rainbow\"\" on the BBC One television", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "387811", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)\"\nGarfunkel version also became a number-one US Adult Contemporary hit for five weeks. Despite Paul Simon's presence on the recording, the song was not credited as a Simon and Garfunkel single. Instead, labels for US copies of the Columbia Records single read, \"\"Art Garfunkel with James Taylor & Paul Simon\"\". A photograph from Discogs displays the label as it appeared. The song (as credited under the alternate title, (What A) Wonderful World\"\") was included on later versions of Garfunkel's solo album, \"\"Watermark\"\". It was added in place of another song (\"\"Fingerpaint\"\") to capitalize on the single's success. The Garfunkel version", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10601220", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World (LeAnn Rimes album)\"\nWhat a Wonderful World (LeAnn Rimes album) What a Wonderful World is a 2004 album by American country pop recording artist LeAnn Rimes. It is her sixth studio album and first Christmas album, consisting of jazz inspired holiday music. Rimes released four promotional singles from this album: \"\"O Holy Night\"\", \"\"Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree\"\", \"\"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas\"\", and \"\"A Different Kind of Christmas\"\". Rimes also co-wrote three tracks on this holiday album, one of which with her then husband Dean Sheremet. \"\"Santa Baby\"\" was released as a limited exclusive bonus track on the album at US", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2489700", "chunk_text": "\"I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World)\"\nfrom the \"\"Simpsons\"\" episode \"\"Future Drama\"\" where Homer and Bart are flying around in the 'imperfect Hovercar.' The Brazilian group Brylho covered \"\"I.G.Y.\"\" as the title \"\"Noite do Prazer\"\". I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World) \"\"I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World)\"\" is a song written and performed by American songwriter, singer and musician Donald Fagen. It was the first track of his Platinum-certified debut solo album \"\"The Nightfly\"\", and was released in September 1982 as its first single. It charted well on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, Mainstream Rock, R&B Singles and Adult Contemporary charts. Fagen, along with musician Walter Becker, led the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5384220", "chunk_text": "\"I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World)\"\nI.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World) \"\"I.G.Y. (What a Beautiful World)\"\" is a song written and performed by American songwriter, singer and musician Donald Fagen. It was the first track of his Platinum-certified debut solo album \"\"The Nightfly\"\", and was released in September 1982 as its first single. It charted well on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100, Mainstream Rock, R&B Singles and Adult Contemporary charts. Fagen, along with musician Walter Becker, led the rock band Steely Dan during the 1970s. Between 1972 and 1981, Steely Dan had ten Top-40 singles, including the top-ten hits \"\"Do It Again\"\" (1972), \"\"Rikki Don't Lose That", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10601221", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World (LeAnn Rimes album)\"\nTarget stores. It was also released as an exclusive bonus track on the Australian, Japanese and UK versions of the album and was the fifth promotional single. What a Wonderful World (LeAnn Rimes album) What a Wonderful World is a 2004 album by American country pop recording artist LeAnn Rimes. It is her sixth studio album and first Christmas album, consisting of jazz inspired holiday music. Rimes released four promotional singles from this album: \"\"O Holy Night\"\", \"\"Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree\"\", \"\"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas\"\", and \"\"A Different Kind of Christmas\"\". Rimes also co-wrote three tracks on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "136251", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World!! (Kanjani Eight song)\"\nWonderful World!! (Kanjani Eight song) \"\"Wonderful World!!\"\" is a single release by the Japanese boyband Kanjani8. The song was written and composed by ROADIE with music arranged by Yasutaka Kume. It is accompanied by the B-side titled, \"\" Ukiyo Odoribito \"\" which was written and composed by TAKESHI. This single release was the band's first release for 2010 and their 14th single release overall. The single was released by Imperial Records as the second single release for their fourth album, 8 Uppers. The single also served as the introduction to the \"\"8 Uppers\"\" story, the movie that also came with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15206014", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World\"\nprogram \"\"Duets Impossible\"\" with a videotape of Cassidy singing the song. Upon release, the single debuted at number 45 on the Scottish Singles Chart on the week of December 9, 2007. The next week, the song rose 44 positions to number one while also debuting at number one on the UK Singles Chart, becoming both Cassidy's and Melua's first number-one single in the United Kingdom. However, the song quickly dropped off the UK chart after peaking, spending only five weeks in the UK top 100. In Scotland, the song stayed in the top 100 for 11 weeks. In November 2008,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19383133", "chunk_text": "\"It's a Big Wide Wonderful World\"\nhis 1954 film, \"\"3 Ring Circus\"\". It was sung by Charlene Dallas in the 1975 comedy \"\"Rancho Deluxe.\"\" It's a Big Wide Wonderful World \"\"It's A Big, Wide, Wonderful World\"\" is a popular song written by John Rox and published in 1939. The song first appeared in the 1940 Broadway musical play \"\"All In Fun\"\". Sung by Deanna Durbin in her last film, \"\"For the Love of Mary,\"\" in 1948. Cut from the film for its original release, subsequent video versions have restored it. The version by Buddy Clark reached a peak on the \"\"Billboard\"\" charts at #25 in 1949.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9066381", "chunk_text": "\"It's a Lovely, Lovely World\"\nIt's a Lovely, Lovely World \"\"It's a Lovely, Lovely World\"\" is a song written by Boudleaux Bryant that was originally recorded by American country artist Carl Smith. It has since been recorded by numerous musical artists, including Gail Davies, who revived the song as a single in 1981. \"\"It's a Lovely, Lovely World\"\" was originally composed by Boudleaux Bryant who wrote numerous country recordings during the 1950s and 1960s, including \"\"Bye Bye Love\"\" and \"\"Rocky Top\"\". The song was recorded by Carl Smith on February 5, 1952 in Nashville, Tennessee, United States at the Castle Recording Studio. Also included on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15206010", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World\"\nin that chart. Tony Bennett did go on to record \"\"What A Wonderful World\"\" several times, as in 2003 with k.d. lang, paying homage to Bennett's friend, Armstrong. ABC Records' European distributor EMI forced ABC to issue a \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\" album in 1968 (catalogue number ABCS-650). It did not chart in the United States, due to ABC not promoting it, but charted in the UK where it was issued by Stateside Records with catalogue number SSL 10247 and peaked on the British chart at No. 37. The song gradually became something of a standard and reached a new", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8310441", "chunk_text": "\"WOTW (FM)\"\nWOTW (FM) WOTW is a radio station currently airing a country music format. WOTW is licensed to Windermere, Florida and is serving the Orlando metropolitan area. Originally, 103.1 was a smooth jazz station with the call letters WLOQ. It was the last independently owned radio station in Greater Orlando. In 2011, after CEO John Gross retired for medical reasons, WLOQ was sold to TTB Media Corporation. At midnight on August 1, WLOQ signed off 103.1 after 35 years with \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\" by Louis Armstrong, and WLOQ's smooth jazz format moved exclusively online. The station then began stunting with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20883764", "chunk_text": "\"The Wonderful World of Andy Williams\"\nThe Wonderful World of Andy Williams The Wonderful World of Andy Williams is the thirteenth studio album by American pop singer Andy Williams and was released by Columbia Records to coincide with the December 31, 1963, broadcast of \"\"The Andy Williams Show\"\". Various tracks were recorded with members of his family, including The Williams Brothers, who joined him for a remake of his first top 10 hit, \"\"Canadian Sunset\"\", from 1956. The album made its first appearance on \"\"Billboard\"\" magazine's Top LP's chart in the issue dated January 25 of that year and remained there for 24 weeks, peaking at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "560817", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World (James Morrison song)\"\nWonderful World (James Morrison song) \"\"Wonderful World\"\" is the second single by British singer James Morrison. The song is the second to be released from his debut album, \"\"Undiscovered\"\", which was released on July 31, 2006. The song peaked at #8 on the UK singles chart in October, following the CD single release. The song was played in a Disney Cinemagic promo in the UK. A version also appears on the 2007 compilation album, \"\"\"\" (EMI). 2-track single CD-Maxi The music video shows James Morrison sitting by a swimming pool with his guitar with lots of beautiful women sunbathing by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10918424", "chunk_text": "\"Oh What a World (song)\"\ndouble album released in the UK simply titled \"\"Want\"\", and the 2005 compilation album \"\"Acoustic 05\"\". The song contains an interpolation of Maurice Ravel's \"\"Boléro\"\", which premiered in 1928. Oh What a World (song) \"\"Oh What a World\"\" is a song written and performed by Canadian-American singer-songwriter Rufus Wainwright. It was released as the second single from Wainwright's third studio album, \"\"Want One\"\" (2003), released digitally via iTunes and 7digital in the United Kingdom on November 8, 2004. Promotional copies were also distributed to radio stations in an attempt to increase awareness of the song and album. The song includes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12467649", "chunk_text": "\"Esperanza Spalding\"\na level of sophisticated intimacy, as if best experienced with a small gathering in a quiet, wood-paneled room.\"\" Spalding was the best-selling contemporary jazz artist of 2011, and her album \"\"Chamber Music Society\"\" was the best-selling contemporary jazz album. In February 2012, Spalding performed at the 84th Academy Awards, singing the Louis Armstrong standard \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\", alongside the Southern California Children's Chorus to accompany the video montage that celebrated the film industry greats who died in 2011 and early 2012. \"\"Radio Music Society\"\" is Spalding's fourth studio album, released by Heads Up International in March 2012. Spalding hoped", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2623494", "chunk_text": "\"It's a Wonderful World (1956 film)\"\nIt's a Wonderful World (1956 film) It's a Wonderful World is a 1956 British musical film directed by Val Guest and starring Terence Morgan, George Cole, Mylène Demongeot (in her first English-language film and listed in the credits as Mylène Nicole) and Kathleen Harrison. It also features Dennis Lotis, a popular singer at the time. It was made at Shepperton Studios. Songs include: \"\"Rosanne\"\", \"\"When You Came Along\"\", \"\"Girls! Girls! Girls!\"\" (Ted Heath, Moira Heath), \"\"A Few Kisses Ago\"\" (Robert Farnon, Val Guest), and \"\"The Hawaiian War Chant\"\" (Ted Heath). In London, Ray and Ken (Morgan and Cole) are two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "387810", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)\"\nuptempo version of the song (omitting one verse) which reached number four in the US and number seven in the UK. The Hermits' version was, according to singer Peter Noone and guitarist Keith Hopwood, done as a tribute to Cooke upon his death. Otis Redding recorded a version of the song on his 1965 album \"\"Otis Blue\"\". In 1978, Art Garfunkel recorded the song at a slow tempo, with Paul Simon and James Taylor alternating as lead and backing vocalists. This reached number 17 on the US \"\"Billboard Hot 100\"\" and number 15 on the \"\"Cash Box\"\" Top 100. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1452475", "chunk_text": "\"Oh What a World (song)\"\nOh What a World (song) \"\"Oh What a World\"\" is a song written and performed by Canadian-American singer-songwriter Rufus Wainwright. It was released as the second single from Wainwright's third studio album, \"\"Want One\"\" (2003), released digitally via iTunes and 7digital in the United Kingdom on November 8, 2004. Promotional copies were also distributed to radio stations in an attempt to increase awareness of the song and album. The song includes several arrangements from Maurice Ravel's Boléro. \"\"Oh What a World\"\" also appears on \"\"Rufus Wainwright: Live at the Fillmore\"\", the bonus DVD that accompanies \"\"Want Two\"\" (2004), the repackaged", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15206012", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World\"\nfor the 1995 movie \"\"12 Monkeys\"\". In 2001, rappers Ghostface Killah, Raekwon and The Alchemist released \"\"The Forest,\"\" a song that begins with three lines of lyric adapted from \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\", altered to become \"\"an invitation to get high\"\" on marijuana. The rappers and their record company, Sony Music Entertainment, were sued by the owners of \"\"What a Wonderful World,\"\" Abilene Music. The suit was thrown out of court after Judge Gerard E. Lynch determined that the altered lyric was indisputably a parody, transforming the uplifting original message to a new one with a darker nature. By April", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14257359", "chunk_text": "\"Kak Prekrasen Etot Mir\"\nIn addition to the standard rock band instruments on the album as present and wind instruments. On the two remaining songs, besides beat music and rock, and there is the influence of Russian traditional pop. Kak Prekrasen Etot Mir Kak Prekrasen Etot Mir (What a wonderful world) is an EP by Russian rock band Vesyolye Rebyata. One of the most successful EP \"\"Vesyolye Rebyata\"\". The mini-album opens poignant modern classical music-ballad \"\"Как Прекрасен Этот Мир\"\", which is quite different from the other songs. Creation of the other songs in the genre beat music, with different influences. For example, purely beat", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8841300", "chunk_text": "\"Kak Prekrasen Etot Mir\"\nKak Prekrasen Etot Mir Kak Prekrasen Etot Mir (What a wonderful world) is an EP by Russian rock band Vesyolye Rebyata. One of the most successful EP \"\"Vesyolye Rebyata\"\". The mini-album opens poignant modern classical music-ballad \"\"Как Прекрасен Этот Мир\"\", which is quite different from the other songs. Creation of the other songs in the genre beat music, with different influences. For example, purely beat music track \"\"Рыбацкая Песня\"\", a bit like the song \"\"На чем стоит любовь\"\" from debut EP, and the vocals in this song, at times reminiscent of a fragment of the famous hit \"\"Twist and Shout\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4853667", "chunk_text": "\"What a Wonderful World\"\nsong was initially offered to Tony Bennett, who turned it down, although Louis Armstrong biographer Ricky Riccardi disputes this claim. The song was offered to Louis Armstrong. George Weiss recounts in the book \"\"Off the Record: Songwriters on Songwriting\"\" by Graham Nash that he wrote the song specifically for Louis Armstrong. Weiss was inspired by Armstrong's ability to bring people of different races together. The song was not initially a hit in the United States, where it sold fewer than 1,000 copies because ABC Records head Larry Newton did not like the song and therefore did not promote it, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19216", "chunk_text": "\"'S Wonderful\"\n'S Wonderful \"\"S Wonderful\"\" is a popular song composed by George Gershwin, with lyrics written by Ira Gershwin. It was introduced in the Broadway musical \"\"Funny Face\"\" (1927) by Adele Astaire and Allen Kearns. The song is considered a standard and has been recorded by many artists, especially jazz artists. In 1928, Adele Astaire, who introduced the song on stage the previous year, recorded one of the earliest versions with Bernard Clifton. The most successful recordings in 1928 were however by Frank Crumit and by the Ipana Troubadors. Other vocal versions include those of Bing Crosby (recorded in 1954 for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "560818", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World (James Morrison song)\"\na mansion. The video then goes on to reveal that the seemingly ideal life going on is just an illusion - the women in fact are in a mental ward. Wonderful World (James Morrison song) \"\"Wonderful World\"\" is the second single by British singer James Morrison. The song is the second to be released from his debut album, \"\"Undiscovered\"\", which was released on July 31, 2006. The song peaked at #8 on the UK singles chart in October, following the CD single release. The song was played in a Disney Cinemagic promo in the UK. A version also appears on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16967473", "chunk_text": "\"Allan Schwartzberg\"\nOrlando & Dawn's \"\"Tie A Yellow Ribbon\"\", Peter Gabriel's \"\"Solsbury Hill\"\", the Spinners' \"\"Workin' My Way Back You\"\", the \"\"Star Wars\"\" theme, and Rod Stewart's Great American Songbook series including the hit \"\"What A Wonderful World\"\". He has played with musicians and singers including John Lennon, Diana Ross, James Brown, Jimi Hendrix, Alice Cooper, Kiss, Frank Sinatra, Roxy Music, Rod Stewart, Robert Palmer, Grace Slick, Roberta Flack, Barry Manilow, Harry Chapin, Barbra Streisand, Deodato Frankie Valli, Tony Orlando, and Roger Daltrey. He was also a frequent musician guest with Paul Shaffer's \"\"David Letterman Show\"\" band. Allan Schwartzberg was born on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12012555", "chunk_text": "CHUC-FM\n107.9 The Breeze with slogan: \"\"The Greatest Classic Hits of All Time.\"\" The AM signal remained in operation, rebroadcasting the FM station's programming, until November 7, 2007. The AM transmitter signed off with the song \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\" by Louis Armstrong after airing a special sign off message. In mid-2015, CHUC-FM dropped its adult contemporary/classic hits format and flipped to classic rock branded as Classic Rock 107.9. CHUC-FM CHUC-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 107.9 FM in Cobourg, Ontario, Canada. The station airs a classic rock format branded as Classic Rock 107.9 FM. The ownership of CHUC-FM", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3135724", "chunk_text": "\"The Wonderful World of Make Believe\"\nThe Wonderful World of Make Believe The Wonderful World of Make Believe is an album by American pop singer Johnny Mathis that was released by Mercury Records on July 10, 1964, and described by Greg Adams of Allmusic, who wrote, \"\"The theme is fantasy, from imaginary locations ('Camelot', 'Shangri-La') to fanciful yearnings ('I'm Always Chasing Rainbows', 'When You Wish Upon a Star') to vague, idealized realms ('Beyond the Sea', 'Beyond the Blue Horizon').\"\" The album debuted on \"\"Billboard\"\" magazine's Top LP's chart in the issue dated July 25, 1964, and reached number 75 during its 10 weeks there. This project", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18222266", "chunk_text": "\"Howard Gable\"\nWhat A Wonderful World 3 Cruisin' Down The River 4 Mama 5 I'd Like To Teach The World To Sing 6 Four & Twenty Hours 7 My Mother's Eyes 8 The Lord's Prayer Credits · Arranged By – Peter Sullivan · Engineers – Ian McKenzie, Roger Savage, Ross Cockle · Producer – Howard Gable · Recorded at Armstrongs Studios, Melbourne, Australia 1977 Sally Boyden – A Day In A Life Label: Hammard – HAM 018 Vinyl LP Stereo Gatefold A Side 1 Happy Birthday Sweet 16 2 Simon Says 3 Boom Sha La La Lo 4 Do You Want To", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8485989", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World (2009 film)\"\nWonderful World (2009 film) Wonderful World is a 2009 dark comedy-drama film directed and written by Joshua Goldin, who in this movie makes his directorial debut. The film stars Matthew Broderick, Sanaa Lathan, Michael K. Williams and Jodelle Ferland. The film was produced by Ambush Entertainment, Back Lot Pictures and Cold Iron Pictures with K5 International handling the world sales. In the summer of 2009, the film was picked up by Magnolia Pictures for distribution in 2010. Filming took place in Shreveport, Louisiana. Ben Singer (Matthew Broderick) is a former children's folk singer whose misanthropic worldview leads him to an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3632458", "chunk_text": "\"Real World (album)\"\na Western artist's song (Louis Armstrong's \"\"What a Wonderful World,\"\" Charlie Chaplin's \"\"Smile\"\" and The Beatles' \"\"The Long and Winding Road\"\" respectively). Only the first track from each EP features on the album. This album is Kokia's first since her second greatest hits collection, \"\"\"\". \"\"U-Cha-Cha\"\" is a song Kokia originally performed live in concerts in 2002, at her first solo concert \"\"That's Why I Was Born.\"\" Kokia first planned to release an album in March 2010, however had no solid plans for a theme. However, after sharing a meal with a Japanese cameraman friend of hers when she visited", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "136252", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World!! (Kanjani Eight song)\"\nthe album's release. \"\"Wonderful World!!\"\" is a generic pop song that has ska and hip hop influences. The song relies heavily upon horns, synthesizers, guitars, and drums. The lyrics are generally positive, singing about love and happiness in a wonderful world. The song was a commercial success, topping the Oricon charts upon its release. The music video for the song's release had the band working in an auto repair shop, repairing an old Volkswagen Type 2 for a female customer that they've all fallen in love with. The song was performed several times on television and was also performed at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18402024", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World! (The Kelly Family album)\"\nWonderful World! (The Kelly Family album) Wonderful World! is a 1981 album by The Kelly Family. The album includes traditional Virginia melodies such as the \"\"New Britain\"\" melody to \"\"Amazing Grace\"\", published in the 1831 collection \"\"Virginia Harmony\"\". After \"\"Lieder der Welt\"\", Kellys' label, Polydor, offered Dan \"\"Papa\"\" Kelly a solo contract for his star, young John Kelly. An offer promptly refused by Papa Kelly. Suddenly, Kelly Family's contract with Polydor expired in 1980. Papa Kelly feels happy because he wanted his children to feel free. Papa Kelly started then his personal label, called \"\"KEL-Life\"\". Production began for two albums,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10439092", "chunk_text": "\"'S Wonderful\"\nis featured in the 2010 film \"\"Eat Pray Love\"\". 'S Wonderful \"\"S Wonderful\"\" is a popular song composed by George Gershwin, with lyrics written by Ira Gershwin. It was introduced in the Broadway musical \"\"Funny Face\"\" (1927) by Adele Astaire and Allen Kearns. The song is considered a standard and has been recorded by many artists, especially jazz artists. In 1928, Adele Astaire, who introduced the song on stage the previous year, recorded one of the earliest versions with Bernard Clifton. The most successful recordings in 1928 were however by Frank Crumit and by the Ipana Troubadors. Other vocal versions", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7344897", "chunk_text": "\"Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World\"\nSomewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World \"\"Somewhere Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World\"\" (also known as \"\"Over the Rainbow/What a Wonderful World\"\") is a medley of the songs \"\"Over the Rainbow\"\" and \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\", by Israel Kamakawiwoʻole and released on his albums \"\"Ka ʻAnoʻi\"\" and \"\"Facing Future\"\". The song was originally recorded in a spur-of-the-moment demo session in 1988. Israel called the recording studio at 3am, and was given 15 minutes to arrive by recording engineer Milan Bertosa. Bertosa is quoted as saying ″And in walks the largest human being I had seen in my life. Israel", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15240180", "chunk_text": "\"A Great Big World\"\nA Great Big World A Great Big World is an American musical duo from New York made up of singer/songwriters Ian Axel and Chad King and signed to Epic Records. The group is best known for their singles \"\"This Is the New Year\"\", which was performed by the cast in an episode of \"\"Glee\"\" and reached the \"\"Billboard\"\" Mainstream Top 40 chart in May 2013, and their international hit \"\"Say Something\"\", particularly after recording it as a duet collaboration with Christina Aguilera. Ian Axel and Chad King met at New York University, where they were attending the Steinhardt Music Program.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14385438", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)\"\nthe charts than several of his early RCA singles, becoming his biggest hit single since \"\"You Send Me\"\" (1957). The song peaked at number 12 on the \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot 100 and hit number two on \"\"Billboard\"\" Hot R&B Sides chart. Herman's Hermits charted better with a cover of the song in 1965, reaching number four in the United States and number seven in the United Kingdom, respectively. Another cover by Art Garfunkel with James Taylor and Paul Simon charted at number 17 in 1978. The Sam Cooke version was featured in the 1978 film \"\"Animal House\"\" and gained greater recognition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11969646", "chunk_text": "\"Bob Thiele\"\nsession for this now-famous song was the scene of a major clash with ABC Records president Larry Newton, who had to be locked out of the studio after getting into a heated argument with Thiele over the song. \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\" was credited to George Douglas or Stanley Clayton. These are pseudonyms Thiele used, made from the names of his uncles, Stanley, Clayton, George, and Douglas. In the late 1960s Thiele was often brought in to produce artists on the company's Bluesway Records label. He produced the albums that graduated B.B. King toward the mainstream, including \"\"Lucille\"\" (1967). He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16017344", "chunk_text": "\"Freaky Friday (soundtrack)\"\nFreaky Friday (soundtrack) Freaky Friday: Original Soundtrack is the soundtrack album to the 2003 Disney film of the same name. The soundtrack features songs by various artists. The album was called a \"\"mixed bag\"\" by allmusic, which specifically cited American Hi-Fi's \"\"The Art of Losing,\"\" The Donnas' \"\"Backstage\"\", Andrew W.K.'s \"\"She Is Beautiful,\"\" and Joey Ramone's \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\" as good, and strongly criticized the rest of the album. The album was certified Gold and sold over 500,000 to date. In 2004 British girl-band Girls Aloud recorded \"\"You Freak Me Out\"\" for the film and was intended to be", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18402026", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World! (The Kelly Family album)\"\nsongs were arranged by Kathy Kelly and Willeem Poot and two of them (\"\"Txiki\"\" and \"\"Lonely\"\") are credited as written by Kathy. Videoclips were made in Germany, Italy and in Spain featuring all members, Paddy and Maite, but without Caroline (with the exception of \"\"Ave Maria\"\" where also Angelo is present). Many of them were released in \"\"A Long Time Ago with Mom\"\", others in \"\"The Complete Story\"\" and \"\"Christmas for All\"\". There are two versions known of the track \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\". The first is the official version from 1981 with John and Joey on the lead vocals", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "387813", "chunk_text": "\"Wonderful World (Sam Cooke song)\"\nJohnny Nash also recorded and performed a version. Hong Kong singer Sandy Lam released a cover of the song in 1997. In 1993, Japanese group Ulfuls released a cover of the song, which was later used in 1997 as ending song for the drama \"\"Sore ga kotae da!\"\" The song is used in the 1978 film \"\"Animal House\"\" in the well-known lunchroom scene where Bluto (John Belushi) gathers food in preparation for a food fight. The song was also included in the 1983 film \"\"Breathless\"\". The original Sam Cooke version of the song comprised the title soundtrack of the 2005", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20311660", "chunk_text": "Kanikapila\nmark in popular culture is songs like \"\"Somewhere over the Rainbow\"\" by Israel Kamakawiwo'ole where he takes two songs ( \"\"Somewhere Over the Rainbow\"\" and \"\"What a Wonderful World\"\" ) mashes them together to form an entirely new song. This is common element of the kanikapila style. It is a popular custom to end kanikapila sessions the same way with the song \"\"Hawaii Aloha\"\" written by 19th century Christian minister, Lorenzo Lyons. Kanikapila groups include the Experience Paradise Project. Kanikapila Kanikapila is a style of Hawaiian music produced in an impromptu jam session, most commonly taking place at a beach,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1585025", "chunk_text": "\"A Whole New World\"\nA Whole New World \"\"A Whole New World\"\" is a song from Disney's 1992 animated feature film \"\"Aladdin\"\", with music by Alan Menken and lyrics by Tim Rice. A duet originally recorded by singers Brad Kane and Lea Salonga in their respective roles as the singing voices of the main characters Aladdin and Jasmine, the ballad serves as both the film's love and theme song. Lyrically, \"\"A Whole New World\"\" describes Aladdin showing the confined princess a life of freedom and the pair's acknowledgment of their love for each other while riding on a magic carpet. The song garnered an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_294	which is the first private medical college in kerala?	n/a	[ "Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram", "1998" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18925629", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Ernakulam\"\n18, 2014. The total cost for the project was estimated to be around . Government Medical College, Ernakulam Government Medical College, Ernakulam (previously Cochin Medical College) is one of the medical colleges in the state of Kerala situated at Kalamassery, Kochi. It was a government-owned institution established by the Co-operative Academy of Professional Education under the Department of Co-operation, Govt. of Kerala, established in the year 1999. The college has an intake capacity of 100 students for the MBBS course each year. It was taken over by the government of Kerala as a pure government institution on 11 December 2013.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20684927", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Ernakulam\"\nGovernment Medical College, Ernakulam Government Medical College, Ernakulam (previously Cochin Medical College) is one of the medical colleges in the state of Kerala situated at Kalamassery, Kochi. It was a government-owned institution established by the Co-operative Academy of Professional Education under the Department of Co-operation, Govt. of Kerala, established in the year 1999. The college has an intake capacity of 100 students for the MBBS course each year. It was taken over by the government of Kerala as a pure government institution on 11 December 2013. It is now known a Government Medical College, Ernakulam.Now it intakes a total of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9791041", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Kollam\"\nGovernment Medical College, Kollam Government Medical College, Kollam, formerly ESIC Medical College, Parippally, is the first Government medical college in Kollam district, Kerala, India. The College was established by the Employees State Insurance Corporation, a Government of India establishment. Initially it was named ESIC medical College and was constructed by the ESI Corporation of India. It was the second medical college project from ESI Corporation of India in the country and the first of its kind in Kerala state. Rs. 480 crores worth ESIC Medical College was inaugurated by Chief Minister Oommen Chandy in Parippally on 21 December 2013, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18887598", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram\"\nGovernment Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram The Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram (also known as Thiruvananthapuram Medical College) is in Thiruvananthapuram (the capital of Kerala), India. Founded in 1951, it was dedicated by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and is Kerala's oldest medical college. The college was known in early records as Medical College (of Thiruvananthapuram), since it was the only medical institute in the state at its inception. Its campus houses several hospitals and institutions in addition to Medical College Hospital (MCH), including the Colleges of Nursing and Pharmaceutical sciences, the Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram Dental College, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11228800", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Kollam\"\nmedical college was started on 23 August 2017. Health Minister of Kerala, K. K. Shailaja inaugurated the function in the presence of Chathannoor MLA, G. S. Jayalal, and MP of Kollam Lok Sabha Constituency, N.K. Premachandran. Government Medical College, Kollam Government Medical College, Kollam, formerly ESIC Medical College, Parippally, is the first Government medical college in Kollam district, Kerala, India. The College was established by the Employees State Insurance Corporation, a Government of India establishment. Initially it was named ESIC medical College and was constructed by the ESI Corporation of India. It was the second medical college project from ESI", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6303211", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Kozhikode\"\nGovernment Medical College, Kozhikode Government Medical College, Kozhikode (Previously known as Calicut Medical College) is a premier medical college located in the city of Kozhikode in Kerala, India. It was established in 1957 as the second medical college in Kerala. Since then the institution has grown into a premier centre of medical education in the state. The medical college campus houses several institutions like Government Dental College, Government nursing college, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Super-specialty block and Institute of Chest Diseases. It is affiliated to the University of Calicut and Kerala University of Health Sciences", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3606859", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Kozhikode\"\nGovernment Medical College, Kozhikode Government Medical College, Kozhikode (Previously known as Calicut Medical College) is a premier medical college located in the city of Kozhikode in Kerala, India. It was established in 1957 as the second medical college in Kerala. Since then the institution has grown into a premier centre of medical education in the state. The medical college campus houses several institutions like Government Dental College, Government nursing college, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Maternal and Child Health, Super-specialty block and Institute of Chest Diseases. It is affiliated to the University of Calicut and Kerala University of Health Sciences", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4645736", "chunk_text": "\"School of medical education\"\nSchool of medical education The School of Medical Education is a constituent college under CENTRE FOR PROFESSIONAL AND ADVANCED STUDIES Established by the Government of Kerala. It was Previously run by Mahatma Gandhi University.It is a self-financing professional college, offering undergraduate and post-graduate courses under medical and para-medical faculty. It was started at six centres with two centres each at Kottayam and Ernakulam, one centre at Angamaly, one centre at Cheruvandoor, Kottayam. All regional centres are managed by regional directors under the Director of SME. The office of director of SME is at SME main campus in Gandhi Nagar, Kottayam.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18887622", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram\"\nthe annual Interbatch Euphoria, students from different classes compete in the fields of arts, cultural activities, quizzes and sports. The medical, dental, optometry and nursing colleges organize separate graduation ceremonies. There are no separate graduation ceremonies after postgraduate courses. Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram The Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram (also known as Thiruvananthapuram Medical College) is in Thiruvananthapuram (the capital of Kerala), India. Founded in 1951, it was dedicated by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and is Kerala's oldest medical college. The college was known in early records as Medical College (of Thiruvananthapuram), since it was the only medical institute in the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "982632", "chunk_text": "\"Kerala University of Health Sciences\"\nKerala University of Health Sciences Kerala University of Health Sciences is a medical university in the city of Thrissur in Kerala, India. The university is located in on the Government Medical College, Thrissur campus. The university was established on the basis of Kerala University Health Act 2010. There are 205 professional colleges affiliated to this university. All branches of treatment would come under the university and medical and para-medical colleges now functioning under different Universities, like University of Kerala, Mahatma Gandhi University, Calicut University, Kannur University, Cochin University of Science and Technology, and Sree Sankaracharya University of Sanskrit, would come", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12017657", "chunk_text": "\"Travancore Medical College Hospital\"\nTravancore Medical College Hospital Travancore Medical College Hospital or Travancore Medicity Medical College is one of the premier self-financing medical colleges situated in the city of Kollam. It is one of the emerging Medical Teaching Institutes located at the heart of Kollam city, Kerala. Travancore Medical College is the flagship endeavor of pioneers in the society. Medicity was established in 2008, which is managed and run by Quilon Medical Trust. Travancore Medical College is an certified Medical College and is affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences, permitted by Medical Council of India (MCI) to offer education in medicine and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "982635", "chunk_text": "\"Kerala University of Health Sciences\"\nGovernment aided, and Government colleges. Kerala University of Health Sciences Kerala University of Health Sciences is a medical university in the city of Thrissur in Kerala, India. The university is located in on the Government Medical College, Thrissur campus. The university was established on the basis of Kerala University Health Act 2010. There are 205 professional colleges affiliated to this university. All branches of treatment would come under the university and medical and para-medical colleges now functioning under different Universities, like University of Kerala, Mahatma Gandhi University, Calicut University, Kannur University, Cochin University of Science and Technology, and Sree Sankaracharya", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4645737", "chunk_text": "\"School of medical education\"\nThe main centre is at Arpookara, Gandhinagar P.O., Kottayam-686 008. \|coordinates = School of medical education The School of Medical Education is a constituent college under CENTRE FOR PROFESSIONAL AND ADVANCED STUDIES Established by the Government of Kerala. It was Previously run by Mahatma Gandhi University.It is a self-financing professional college, offering undergraduate and post-graduate courses under medical and para-medical faculty. It was started at six centres with two centres each at Kottayam and Ernakulam, one centre at Angamaly, one centre at Cheruvandoor, Kottayam. All regional centres are managed by regional directors under the Director of SME. The office of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18887606", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram\"\ncollege hospital were established in 1952. Students were initially trained at the general hospital in Thiruvananthapuram. A department of infectious diseases was established in 1983. R. Kesavan Nair, chief surgeon at the general hospital, was appointed professor of surgery and the department of surgery was established. Recognizing the importance of the new specialty of orthopedic surgery, the government of Travancore sent K. I. George of the health services department to the UK for advanced training. George joined the college in 1956, and founded Kerala's first department of orthopedics. The department of pediatrics, initially under general medicine, has the highest number", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16601754", "chunk_text": "\"Kerala State Education Board\"\ndistrict to achieve full literacy rate in the whole of India. Mahatma Gandhi University, CMS College(the first institution to start English education in Southern India), Medical College, Kottayam, and the Labour India Educational Research Center are some of the important educational institutions in the district. Kozhikode is home to two of the premier educational institutions in the country; the IIMK, one of the seven Indian Institutes of Management., and the premier National Institute of Technology Calicut, the NITC. Calicut Medical College, the second medical college in Kerala is affiliated to the University of Calicut and serves 2/5 of the population", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12169667", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thrissur\"\nof medical students in community and preventive care. Ollur and Erumappetty primary health centres were also made available for training purposes. Construction of the 400-bed new medical college hospital was started in 1995. The first class of 74 students was admitted to the college in April 1982 who completed their course in the May 1987. The college was granted permanent recognition by IMC in 1991 and by WHO in 1993. In January 1995 construction of a new hospital complex was started in M.G Kavu. MD Radiodiagnosis courses were started in 1997 & MD general medicine courses were started in 2004.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8185329", "chunk_text": "\"R. Kesavan Nair\"\nR. Kesavan Nair Dr R Kesavan Nair (valia Kesavan Nair) was the Professor of Surgery at Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram and the first Superintendent of the Medical College Hospital. He is Kerala's First civil surgeon. He along with Dr. C.O. Karunakaran was the founding fathers of the first Medical College in Kerala. Dr. Nair graduated in Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery from Madras Medical College in 1937. He later joined as the Chief of Surgery in General Hospital, Thiruvananthapuram. Later on he went abroad for further training and was the first person from Travancore to get a degree of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12017658", "chunk_text": "\"Travancore Medical College Hospital\"\nnursing at the undergraduate level. Travancore Medical College Hospital spread over 98 acres of land. Travancore Medical College Hospital Travancore Medical College Hospital or Travancore Medicity Medical College is one of the premier self-financing medical colleges situated in the city of Kollam. It is one of the emerging Medical Teaching Institutes located at the heart of Kollam city, Kerala. Travancore Medical College is the flagship endeavor of pioneers in the society. Medicity was established in 2008, which is managed and run by Quilon Medical Trust. Travancore Medical College is an certified Medical College and is affiliated to Kerala University of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13821390", "chunk_text": "\"Government Homoeopathic Medical College Kozhikode\"\nGovernment Homoeopathic Medical College Kozhikode Government Homoeopathic Medical College Kozhikode (GHMC Kozhikode) was the first Graduate Homoeopathic medical college in Asia.The College is affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences since 2010. It was affiliated with the medical college of the University of Calicut till 2010. The facility also includes an on-site hospital. The college was founded in 1976. It was first situated in Karaparamba, Kozhikode, acquiring a mansion that belonged to the manager of the Pearce Leslie Cashew Factory during the British Raj. The present college building was later constructed in the same area. The original mansion, which was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5809277", "chunk_text": "\"Medical College Campus Church (Trivandrum)\"\nMedical College Campus Church (Trivandrum) Medical College is a well known town in the district of Thiruvananthapuram. Earlier this place was known as ‘Kuzhiyathumukku’. Trivandrum Medical College is one of the prime medical institutions among all Medical Colleges in Kerala. Bethesda Medical College Campus Church is situated right behind the Regional Cancer Centre which sits right next to the Sree Chitra Medical Centre which is to the left of S.A.T Hospital which lies south of Medical College. In 1965 Local residents of Medical College namely Br. J. Manuel, Br. Joshua, Br. Daniel, Br. Samuel J, Br. Lazar, Br. T. Manuel,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5652729", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thrissur\"\ncost of Rs.55 millions, after signing a Memorandum of Understanding with the Government of Kerala for this purpose. Government Medical College, Thrissur Government Medical College Thrissur, established in 1982 is one of the leading centres in medical education in Kerala, India. Kerala University of Health Sciences began functioning in the campus in 2009. Spread over an area of more than , it is located in the serene surroundings of Mulagunnathukavu (M.G. Kavu) away from Thrissur. The college was inaugurated on 1 April 1982 by the Governor of Kerala, Jyothi Vencatachellum, who had also laid the foundation stone for the proposed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7497999", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Kottayam\"\nGovernment Medical College, Kottayam Government Medical College, Kottayam is a prominent government medical colleges in Kerala, India. The campus is about north of Kottayam in Gandhinagar-Arpookkara area in Central Kerala. The college started functioning in December 1962 as the third government-run medical college in Kerala. The college which initially functioned in the District Hospital, Kottayam from 1962 to 1970 was shifted to Arpookara in April 1970. In 1975, all clinical departments were shifted to the newly constructed campus at Arpookara, now named Gandhinagar. The same year, the nearby ESI Hospital was taken over to start the children's hospital: Institute of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1895400", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Kozhikode\"\n1957 by the then Governor of Kerala, Dr. B Ramakrishna Rao. The College was formally inaugurated on 5 August 1957 by the then minister of Health, Kerala state Dr. A. R. Menon, whose initiative and zeal were responsible for the establishment of the institution. Dr. K. N. Pisharady, the first principal, was responsible for the task of organizing the college. With the completion of the college building on 15 March 1959 the pre-clinical section was shifted from the temporary location in beach hospital to the campus. The main hospital which was commissioned in 1966 with 1183 beds. It was later", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18638135", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram\"\nis India's second government institute offering a four-year professional degree course in optometry; the first is All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi. The first health unit was established in Neendakara as an Indo-Norwegian collaboration. A primary health centre, founded in July 1953 in Cheruvikkal for field practice, was moved to Pangappara in 1964. Rural health centers for student and intern field practice are in Pangappara and Vakkom. The women's and children's hospital was dedicated in 1952. It was built by the Travancore royal family in memory of Prince Sree Avittom Thirunal, who died at age eight years of rheumatic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11126280", "chunk_text": "\"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal\"\nto read and understand. Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Kasturba Medical College, Manipal (KMC) is a medical college based in Manipal, Karnataka, India. Established by T.M.A. Pai on 30 June 1953, KMC was the first self-financing medical college in India. Today, students from 44 countries have graduated from KMC, and the medical degree (MBBS) is recognized worldwide, including by the General Medical Council, ECFMG, Australian Medical Council and Malaysian Medical Council among several others. KMC, Manipal was ranked fourth among medical colleges in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) Rankings for Universities in India, announced by the Union HRD", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11835377", "chunk_text": "\"C. O. Karunakaran\"\nC. O. Karunakaran Dr. C. O. Karunakaran, a notable bacteriologist and microbiologist was the founder of Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram. He was the first principal of the college and was also the Special Officer appointed for establishing the first medical university in the erstwhile state of Travancore-Cochin. Born in 1892 at Mavelikkara, C.O. Karunakaran had his initial schooling in Mavelikkara Government High School. After the intermediate in Maharaja's College, Ernakulam he joined Madras Medical College for Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery. Following his study in Madras Medical College, he completed DTMH, DPH and DB from University of Cambridge", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11126272", "chunk_text": "\"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal\"\nKasturba Medical College, Manipal Kasturba Medical College, Manipal (KMC) is a medical college based in Manipal, Karnataka, India. Established by T.M.A. Pai on 30 June 1953, KMC was the first self-financing medical college in India. Today, students from 44 countries have graduated from KMC, and the medical degree (MBBS) is recognized worldwide, including by the General Medical Council, ECFMG, Australian Medical Council and Malaysian Medical Council among several others. KMC, Manipal was ranked fourth among medical colleges in India by the National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) Rankings for Universities in India, announced by the Union HRD Ministry in New Delhi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8249529", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Manjeri\"\nGovernment Medical College, Manjeri Government Medical College, Manjeri, is a medical college established in Malappuram District affiliated to Kerala University of Health Sciences (KUHS), located in Manjeri around from Malappuram. The hospital has 500 beds and 12 operation theatres with an intake of 100 students every year. It is the sixth government medical college in the State, inaugurated on 1 September 2013 by Kerala Chief Minister Oommen Chandy. Manjeri Govt. Medical College is one among the newly sanctioned four medical colleges in Kerala. It was allowed for Malappuram district in revised 2011 state budget by Finance Minister K.M. Mani in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15407048", "chunk_text": "\"Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Medical College, Kolenchery\"\nMalankara Orthodox Syrian Church Medical College, Kolenchery Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Medical College is a private medical college near Kolenchery, in Ernakulam city, of Kerala state. It is a Christian minority institution established and administered by Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church (MOSC). At present MOSC is home to a Medical College, College of Nursing, Nursing School, Super Speciality Hospital, postgraduate degree courses in General Medicine, General Surgery, Paediatrics, Psychiatry, Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Anaesthesiology and Diploma courses in Anaesthesiology, Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Paediatrics & Psychiatry and DM course in Neonatology. The vast and sprawling Medical College complex is spread over an", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "49296", "chunk_text": "\"Karuna Medical College\"\nshortly. Karuna Medical College Karuna Medical College, also known as Karuna Institute of Medical Science, is a private medical school in Vilayodi, Palakkad, Kerala, India.The institute began its flagship in 2006.7 batches have passed out from the college and it has got its alumni offering noteworthy services and holding various prestigious positions. The first principal was Dr.Shareefa Beevi, Former principal of Kottayam medical college . MBBS - 100 seats The college is affiliated to the kerala university of health science. It has an attached 500 bed teaching hospital and an urban unit located at Palakkad . The new block was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "896377", "chunk_text": "\"Pariyaram Medical College\"\nPariyaram Medical College Pariyaram Medical College, Pariyaram, Kannur was established in March 1993 at Pariyaram in Kannur district, Kerala state, South India.It was the first medical college to be established under the co operative sector in India. The nucleus for this building complex was the Pariyaram Sanitorium which was inaugurated way back in 1938 or so. The engineer who built the building was Mr. Appadu Vetil Narayana Menon. The Kerala State Co-operative Hospital Complex (KCHC) and Centre for Advanced Medical Services Ltd. is a Co-operative Society registered under Kerala Co-operative Societies Act 1969 with an object to build a 1000-bed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "49295", "chunk_text": "\"Karuna Medical College\"\nKaruna Medical College Karuna Medical College, also known as Karuna Institute of Medical Science, is a private medical school in Vilayodi, Palakkad, Kerala, India.The institute began its flagship in 2006.7 batches have passed out from the college and it has got its alumni offering noteworthy services and holding various prestigious positions. The first principal was Dr.Shareefa Beevi, Former principal of Kottayam medical college . MBBS - 100 seats The college is affiliated to the kerala university of health science. It has an attached 500 bed teaching hospital and an urban unit located at Palakkad . The new block was opening", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18887615", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram\"\nat the medical college, was appointed its first director. The college admits 50 students a year for its BDS course. Postgraduate courses began in 1966. The college has six departments under director N. O. Varghese. Established in 1967, Kerala's first pharmaceutical college offers bachelor's and master's degrees and a diploma in pharmaceutical sciences. The college includes departments of pharmacology, pharmaceutics, pharmacognosy, pharmaceutical chemistry and pharmaceutical microbiology. Other facilities are toxicology and animal labs, a drug-information center, morphine-tablet manufacturing and a medicinal The college, founded in 1972, is affiliated with the University of Kerala medical school. It has offered postgraduate programmes", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "896382", "chunk_text": "\"Pariyaram Medical College\"\nand Cochin and Thiruvananthapuram can be accessed on the southern side. The road from Taliparamba to the east of Iritty connects to Mysore and Bangalore. The nearest railway station is Payangadi on Mangalore-Palakkad line. Trains are available to almost all parts of India subject to advance booking over the internet. There are airports at Kannur, Mangalore and Calicut. Pariyaram Medical College Pariyaram Medical College, Pariyaram, Kannur was established in March 1993 at Pariyaram in Kannur district, Kerala state, South India.It was the first medical college to be established under the co operative sector in India. The nucleus for this building", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14783683", "chunk_text": "\"Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute\"\nJubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute is a private medical college located at Thrissur in Kerala, India. The establishment is administered by the Jubilee Mission Hospital Trust, a charitable organisation under the Catholic Archdiocese of Thrissur. Jubilee Mission Hospital was established on 17 December 1951 as a small dispensary. In 1952, the hospital began its service with 4 rooms, 20 beds, 2 retired part-time doctors and 2 nurses of the Holy Cross Congregation. The School of Nursing commenced in 1966 and the hospital was recognised by the Medical Council of India (MCI)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9791042", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Kollam\"\nwas the largest Medical College in Kerala in terms of buildings (33 blocks). With the inauguration of the ESI Medical College in Parippally, the demand of the people of Kollam district to have a medical college of their own in the government sector has been fulfilled. Parippally ESIC Medical College is a 500 bedded medical college with a total built-up area of 12,029 sqmtr. The medical college was initially a project of ESI Corporation. Kodikunnil Suresh, the then Central Deputy Minister of Labour and Employment, announced the ESIC medical college project at Parippally in Kollam during 2012-2013. The works for", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2875014", "chunk_text": "Kochi\nthe first and oldest managerial education institution in South India. SCMS Cochin is one of the emerging B-Schools in the country. Another major B-School XIME is opening a new campus in Kochi. Other leading managerial institutions include Rajagiri Centre for Business Studies, Kochi Business School, Amrita School of Business, Albertian Institute of Management and Toc-H B school. The city and outskirts are home to four medical schools—Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre at Ponekkara, Cochin Medical College at Kalamassery, Sree Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, and M.O.S.C. Medical College, Kolenchery. Some of the prestigious general colleges are Maharaja's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9791044", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Kollam\"\nMBBS at ESIC Medical College in 2016-17 year itself. They have created 108 additional posts at the medical college. On 14 August 2016, Chief Minister of Kerala, Pinarayi Vijayan inaugurated the functioning of Kollam Government Medical College at Parippally. The Medical College Hospital is located at Parippally, one of the southern border towns of Kollam District. It is very near to Paravur town. Paravur railway station is the nearest railway station to this hospital. Paravur town and Paravur railway station are 9.7 km away from ESIC Medical College. The classes for the first batch of medical students at Kollam Government", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16601751", "chunk_text": "\"Kerala State Education Board\"\ntwo colleges of homeopathy, six other medical colleges, and several law colleges. Trivandrum Medical College, Kerala 's premier health institute, one of the finest in the country, is being upgraded to the status of an All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS). The College of Engineering, Trivandrum is one of the prominent engineering institutions in the state. The Asian School of Business and IIITM-K are two of the other premier management study institutions in the city, both situated inside Technopark. The Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, first of its kind in India, is situated in the state capital.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20684928", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Ernakulam\"\n100 MBBS students annually and post graduate courses in three clinical and two non clinical departments.College of nursing,school of nursing,biomedical engineering courses and OT courses are functioning in the college campus. The college initially functioned at General Hospital, Ernakulam, and Indira Gandhi Cooperative Hospital, Kochi and classes were conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru International Stadium complex, Kochi. Land was acquired at HMT Estate at Kalamassery and the foundation stone for the campus was laid by Shri E.K. Nayanar, the then Chief Minister of Kerala State. The college was shifted to the present campus at Kalamassery in 2004 and was inaugurated by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5652721", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thrissur\"\nGovernment Medical College, Thrissur Government Medical College Thrissur, established in 1982 is one of the leading centres in medical education in Kerala, India. Kerala University of Health Sciences began functioning in the campus in 2009. Spread over an area of more than , it is located in the serene surroundings of Mulagunnathukavu (M.G. Kavu) away from Thrissur. The college was inaugurated on 1 April 1982 by the Governor of Kerala, Jyothi Vencatachellum, who had also laid the foundation stone for the proposed college building at Mulagunnathukavu on 30 April 1982. Govt.Medical College, Thrissur had its humble beginning at Mannuthy. By", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3480886", "chunk_text": "\"Education in Kerala\"\nGovernment Ayurveda College and several arts and sciences colleges. It also hosts the 13th Centre of NIFT (National Institute of Fashion Technology). The people of Kannur, with the effective leadership of Mr M.V. Raghavan established a full-fledged Medical College in Co-operative sector at Pariyaram. Kannur Medical College at Anjarakandy is a private Medical College located in this district. A private sector Ayurveda Medical College is situated at Parassinikkadavu. Education in Kerala The importance and antiquity of education in Kerala is underscored by the state's ranking as among the most literate in the country. The local dynastic precursors of modern-day Kerala", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19225093", "chunk_text": "\"Christian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore\"\nChristian Medical College & Hospital, Vellore Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore (CMC Vellore) is a private, minority-run educational and research institute that includes a network of primary, secondary and tertiary care hospitals in and around Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1900 by an American missionary, Dr Ida S. Scudder, CMC Vellore has brought many significant achievements to India, including starting the first College of Nursing in 1946, performing the first reconstructive surgery for leprosy in the world (1948), performing the first successful open heart surgery in India (1961), performing the first kidney transplant in India (1971), performing first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18887600", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram\"\nInternational Airport. In 1948, the government of Travancore appointed a committee to formulate proposals for a medical college at Thiruvananthapuram. The committee submitted its report and the scheme was sanctioned in October of that year. C. O. Karunakaran was appointed Special Officer for the implementation of the scheme, and was the college's first dean. The campus was , with hillocks surrounded by evergreen coconut groves and paddy fields and facing the sea, from northwestern Thiruvananthapuram city. Its layout and architectural designs were prepared by J. A. Ritchie of Bombay. The college and hospital buildings were separated by playgrounds for football", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18887620", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram\"\nfemale students in the college is almost equal. In addition to Kerala, students from Lakshadweep, northeast India and other parts of the country are admitted by recommendation and under the All India quota. The college hosts exchange students from the Karolinska Institute and other public-health and medical schools. Visitors have included Alexander Fleming, E. Lundsgaard, Karl Evang, Julian Huxley, Wharton Young, Jean Aicardi, David Morley and A. Lakshmana Swamy Mudaliar. The college union was dedicated in 1952 by Alexander Fleming. Since it is in the state capital, it has been politicized and depoliticized. In accordance with Lyngdoh Committee recommendations, each", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3480874", "chunk_text": "\"Education in Kerala\"\nbut government run schools offer both English and Malayalam as medium. After 10 years of secondary schooling, students typically enroll at Higher Secondary School in one of the three streams—liberal arts, commerce or science. Upon completing the required coursework, students can enroll in general or professional degree programmes. Lots of civil service institutes are there. Thiruvananthapuram, the state's major academic hub, University of Kerala and several professional education colleges, including 15 engineering colleges, three medical colleges, three Ayurveda colleges, two colleges of homeopathy, six other medical colleges, and several law colleges. Trivandrum Medical College, Kerala's premier health institute, one of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1895399", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Kozhikode\"\nand serves 40% of the population of Kerala. Currently, the hospital has 3025 licensed beds which makes it the largest hospital in India by bed strength. The vast and sprawling Medical College complex is spread over an extensive area of 270 acres (1.1 km²) and is located about 10 km east from the heart of Calicut city. The college is around 10 km east from Kozhikode Railway station and around 30 kilometers from Calicut International Airport. The college is approximately 3 kilometers from NH 66 and NH 766 highways. The foundation stone of the college was laid on 29 May", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20684929", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Ernakulam\"\nShri A.K. Antony, Chief Minister of Kerala. Dr P.G.R. Pillai was the founding Principal of the college. The college spreads around 60 acres of at Kalamassery in the outskirts of the city. The complex includes 700-bedded Medical College hospital, College of Nursing and the Cochin Cancer Research Centre. The campus also counts with furnished colleges for students, Resident quarters and staff quarters. Due to the alarming increase of cancer patient in the state, the Government of Kerala decided to setup cancer research centre in the central part of the state. The foundation stone for the centre was laid on August", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18887614", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram\"\nsecond-largest mental health center. In addition to treatment facilities, a rehabilitation center has been established with the aid of Hindustan Latex Limited. The former government tuberculosis sanatorium in Pulayanarkottah is now part of the department of respiratory medicine, which is housed here (except for the outpatient department and intensive-care unit, which are at the college). The sanatorium has been renamed the Chest Diseases Hospital. Thiruvananthapuram Dental College was founded in 1959, one of four dental colleges in India's four southern states. M. Thangavelu, dean of the medical college, was instrumental in organizing the institution. A. M. Clement, a dental surgeon", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18887603", "chunk_text": "\"Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram\"\nSilver Jubilee Auditorium was built. A specialty block, housing the college's medical and surgical specialties, became operational on 1 July 2010. The block was funded by the prime minister's Swasthya Suraksha Yojna scheme and by the Kerala government. The 253-bed, specialty block houses the outpatient clinics and inpatient wards of six specialties, eight operating theatres, six 29-bed intensive-care units and dialysis and kidney-transplant units. It is financed and administrated by the Health and Family welfare Department of the government of Kerala. Although the college was initially affiliated with the University of Kerala, since 2010 it has been affiliated with the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_295	tujhe dekha toh yeh jana sanam movie name?	n/a	[ "Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2501640", "chunk_text": "\"Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam\"\nHum Tumhare Hain Sanam Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam (English: \"\"I am yours, darling\"\") is a 2002 Hindi romantic drama film. It features Shah Rukh Khan, Salman Khan and Madhuri Dixit in the lead roles. This is the second film to feature Shah Rukh Khan and Salman Khan where both are protagonists after \"\"Karan Arjun\"\" (1995). Shah Rukh Khan and Madhuri Dixit were paired up for the fourth time. Aishwarya Rai played a cameo in the movie. The movie is K. S. Adhiyaman's first in Hindi, a remake of his own Tamil film, \"\"Thotta Chinungi\"\". It took five years to make,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2646140", "chunk_text": "\"Sanam Re\"\nSanam Re Sanam Re () is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by Divya Khosla Kumar and produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar and co-produced by Ajay Kapoor. The film features Urvashi Rautela, Pulkit Samrat and Yami Gautam as the lead roles while Rishi Kapoor appears in a crucial supporting role. The film released worldwide on 12 February 2016 on Valentine's Day weekend. Upon release, the film received mixed to negative reviews. The story begins just before New Year is about to set in. Akash works for a private firm in Mumbai and leads a monotonous life. When", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8954520", "chunk_text": "\"Mere Sanam\"\nMere Sanam Mere Sanam (English: \"\"My Lover\"\" ) is a 1965 Hindi film starring Asha Parekh, Biswajeet, Pran, Rajendra Nath and Mumtaz. The film was a hit at the box office, especially because of the musical score by Majrooh Sultanpuri, O.P. Nayyar and the Asha Bhonsle-Mohammed Rafi combination. The film was shot in the beautiful locales of Kashmir. The Songs \"\"Jaiye Aap Kahan Jayenge\"\", \"\"Yeh Hai Reshmi Zulfon Ka Andhera\"\", \"\"Pukarta Chala Hoon Main\"\" and \"\"Humdum Mere Maan Bhi Jao\"\" are milestones in Hindi film music. This film is the unofficial remake of \"\"Come September\"\", which is a 1961 romantic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7562730", "chunk_text": "\"Tum – A Dangerous Obsession\"\n1 Rehna to hai (duet)- Kumar Sanu, Alka Yagnik 2 Rehna to hai (solo)- Roop Kumar Rathod 3 Rehna to hai (Film version)- Alka Yagnik, Roop Kumar Rathod 4 Kyun mera dil- Adnan Sami 5 Dil to udne laga- Shreya Ghoshal 6 Sangdil sanam- Udit Narayan, Anuradha Shriram, Kunal Ganjawala 7 Mera dil laile- Shaan Tum – A Dangerous Obsession Tum: A Dangerous Obsession () is an Indian Hindi erotic thriller film released in February 2004. Directed by Aruna Raje, it stars Karan Nath, Manisha Koirala and Rajat Kapoor in the lead roles. Kamini Gupta (Manisha Koirala) and Vinod Gupta", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17157481", "chunk_text": "\"Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam\"\nHum Dil De Chuke Sanam Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam (English: \"\"I Have Given My Heart Away, Darling\"\") is a 1999 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali. It was released internationally as \"\"Straight From the Heart\"\". The film stars Salman Khan, Ajay Devgn and Aishwarya Rai Bachchan and is shot at Prag Mahal, Gujarat. The story is adopted from Maitreyi Devi's Bengali novel \"\"Na Hanyate\"\" and is based on a love triangle. It also reflects the influence of the German novella \"\"Immensee\"\" and the 1943 Nazi-era film based on it, \"\"Immensee\"\". It is also widely considered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10690833", "chunk_text": "\"Aa Jaa Sanam\"\nAa Jaa Sanam Aa Jaa Sanam is a 1975 Bollywood film directed by Yusuf Naqvi. The film stars Feroz Khan, Tanuja and Deven Verma. The films music is by Usha Khanna and the lyrics by Indeevar. Dr. Satish travels from the big city to a small village, where he can serve the poor who cannot afford to go to the city for medical treatment. Once in the village, he meets with Shanti, who lives with her dad, Radhekiran, a watchman. Both Shanti and Satish fall in love, and exchange vows to be married. Radhekiran has an accident, and dies, leaving", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "164034", "chunk_text": "\"Sangdil Sanam\"\nSangdil Sanam Sangdil Sanam is a 1994 Indian Bollywood film directed by Shomu Mukherjee. The film stars Salman Khan and Manisha Koirala in lead roles. It released on 16 December 1994. Kailash Nath is the manager of a bank who lives a comfortable lifestyle with his wife Savitri and son Kishan. He is friendly with the Bank Watchman, Shankar Dayal Khurana, so much so that he arranges the engagement of Kishan with Shankar's daughter, Sanam. During the engagement, Shankar goes to the bank and robs money. Kailash becomes a suspect. Savitri and Kishan are advised by Shankar to go far", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2894306", "chunk_text": "\"Sanam (1997 film)\"\nSanam (1997 film) Sanam is a 1997 Hindi romantic drama action film directed and produced by Aziz Sejawal. Written by Anees Bazmee, it starred Sanjay Dutt, Manisha Koirala, Vivek Mushran, Anupam Kher, Dalip Tahil, Kader Khan, Anjan Srivastav, Gulshan Grover and Shakti Kapoor. The music, composed by Anand-Milind, was the biggest strength of this film. Gaurav (Vivek Mushran) lives a wealthy lifestyle, gets everything he wants except the love of his parents and family. Even though he lives with his parents, they love his elder brother Narendra (Sanjay Dutt) more. Narendra is often pronounced by the name of \"\"Hero\"\" by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10440254", "chunk_text": "\"Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam\"\nweekend of $875,000 (4.28 crore) and went on to gross $1.215 million (5.95 crore) in its first week. The film earned a total of $2.55 million (12.49 crore) at the end of its theatrical run. Overseas, It is the 3rd-highest-grossing Bollywood film of 2002. Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam (English: \"\"I am yours, darling\"\") is a 2002 Hindi romantic drama film. It features Shah Rukh Khan, Salman Khan and Madhuri Dixit in the lead roles. This is the second film to feature Shah Rukh Khan and Salman Khan where both are protagonists after \"\"Karan Arjun\"\" (1995). Shah", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13545794", "chunk_text": "\"Shaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar\"\nShaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar Shaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar (, ) is a Bollywood film directed by K. S. Adhiyaman best known for directing \"\"Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam\"\" (2002). Salman Khan and Shilpa Shetty star in the lead roles as husband and wife. Reema Lagoo, Mohnish Behl and Shakti Kapoor also star. It did poor box office. The film is a remake of the Tamil, Madhavan starrer, \"\"Priyasakhi\"\". Shooting took place in London, United Kingdom and in India. The film was earlier titled \"\"Dil Chura Ke Chal Diye\"\". Ayaan lives a very wealthy lifestyle with his married brother, Karan", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17477445", "chunk_text": "\"Tere Jism Se Jaan Tak\"\nTere Jism Se Jaan Tak Tere Jism se Jaan Tak is a Bollywood film made in Hindi language, directed by Raj Dayal and produced by Dhananjay Galani. It is made under the banner of Lavlin films and was released on 30 October 2015 all over India. Vikrant (Vinit Kakakr) and Nisha (Shilpa Sharma) are dating each other from past six months. He once take Nisha to his uncle's (Ramesh Goyal) farmhouse very far from the city. After reaching there Vikrant tells Nisha that he will be the owner of this property soon but there are two conditions. First that he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6868527", "chunk_text": "\"Tum Mere Ho\"\nTum Mere Ho Tum Mere Ho (English: \"\"You Are Mine\"\") is a 1990 Indian romantic drama film starring Juhi Chawla and Aamir Khan and directed by Tahir Hussain. Shiva (Aamir Khan) is blessed with magical snake-charming powers. When he meets Paro (Juhi Chawla) from a nearby village, he falls head-over-heels in love with her. She is also attracted to him. But Paro's father, Choudhry Charanjit Singh, is not pleased with this match, and he hires men to subdue and kill Shiva, all in vain. Little to Shiva's knowledge, during his childhood, his father attacked and killed a shape-shifting snake in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13474298", "chunk_text": "\"Sanam Re\"\nfemale version of title track was released in the voice of Tulsi Kumar and Mithoon and latter on Falak Shabir and T-Series released Kya Tujhe Ab Ye Dil Bataye in Unplugged & Sad Version on 4 February 2016. The additional rap song by Badshah titled \"\"Akkad Bakkad\"\", was released on 8 February 2016 to celebrate the music of the film. The movie collected 5.04cr on its first day at the box-office. The movie remained stable over the week-end and collected 17.05cr. On its opening week it net grossed 25.82cr. The movie then had a lifetime of 30.32cr. Sanam Re Sanam", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18262597", "chunk_text": "\"Sillunu Oru Kaadhal\"\n2006, three days before the wedding of Suriya and Jyothika. The film was dubbed into Telugu as \"\"Nuvvu Nenu Prema\"\". In 2015, this film was remade into Marathi as \"\"Tu Hi Re\"\", starring Swapnil Joshi, Sai Tamhankar, Tejaswini Pandit and directed by Sanjay Jadhav. In 2017, the film was dubbed into Hindi as \"\"Mohabbat Ke Dushman\"\" by Goldmines Telefilms Pvt. Ltd. Kundavi (Jyothika)brought up in a small village called Ambasamudram. She, along with her two friends, decide to have a love marriage. However she is not so successful. Her father arranges her marriage to Gautham (Surya Sivakumar) against her wishes.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5505775", "chunk_text": "\"Tere Naam\"\nTere Naam Tere Naam (English: \"\"In your name\"\") is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by Satish Kaushik. Written by Bala and Jainendra Jain, the film stars Salman Khan and Bhumika Chawla in her Hindi film debut. The film is a remake of Bala's own Tamil film \"\"Sethu\"\" (1999). The film was based on a real life incident of a friend of Bala's, who had fallen in love, lost his mind and ended up at a mental asylum. \"\"Tere Naam\"\" was released on 15 August 2003. Khan was praised for his role of Radhe Mohan and the role", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "363753", "chunk_text": "\"Bewafa Sanam\"\nAmar Utpal, Milind Sagar and Raju Singh. Sonu Nigam was main male voice while Anuradha Paudwal and Poornima were female voices. Udit Narayan and Nitin Mukesh also rendered their voice for 1-1 song of the album. The album became very popular. \"\"Achha Sila Diya\"\", by Sonu Nigam is still popular & Udit Narayan sang a rare song for this film, \"\"O Dil Tod Ke Hasti Ho Mera\"\". Bewafa Sanam Bewafa Sanam is a 1995 Hindi film directed by Gulshan Kumar. It stars Krishan Kumar (Brother of Gulshan Kumar), Shilpa Shirodkar, Aruna Irani, Shakti Kapoor and Kiran Kumar. The screenplay was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20151801", "chunk_text": "\"Luv Ranjan\"\nHansal Mehta’s social comedy Turram Khan starring Rajkumar Rao and Nushrat Bharucha and his own directorial starring Ajay Devgn and Ranbir Kapoor which will release on 25 December 2020. =Filmography= =References= =External links= Luv Ranjan Luv Ranjan is an Indian film director, writer and producer. He was born in Ghaziabad district, Uttar Pradesh. He has directed films such as \"\"Pyaar Ka Punchnama\"\" \"\"Sonu ke Titu Ki Sweety\"\", \"\"Pyaar Ka Punchnama 2\"\" and \"\"Akaash Vani\"\". He is an alumnus of the Asian Academy Of Film & TV. =Early Life= After finishing his schooling, he studied at the prestigious Hindu College, Delhi", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20183", "chunk_text": "\"Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam\"\nwith huge sabbaticals between shoots due to production problems. The rights of this movie are owned by Shah Rukh Khan's Red Chillies Entertainment. Dev Narayan (Alok Nath) lives with his widowed daughter Laxmi (Aruna Irani) and her children Radha and Prashant. Dev also looks after two orphaned children, Gopal and Nita. Laxmi believes that Dev is taking more care of Gopal and Nita, so she leaves the house with her children. When she spots an orphaned boy on the streets, she takes him in. Radha forms a sisterly bond with him and names him Suraj. Years later, Suraj (Salman Khan)", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8804707", "chunk_text": "\"Wajah Tum Ho\"\nWajah Tum Ho Wajah Tum Ho ( The reason is you) is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language crime thriller film directed by Vishal Pandya. It features Sharman Joshi, Gurmeet Choudhary and Sana Khan, in lead roles. The film revolves around a live murder committed on television. The production of the film began in February 2016 and principal photography was commenced in May 2016 in Mumbai and was wrapped by October 2016. The trailer was released on 14 October 2016. The film was released on 16 December 2016. The movie starts by showing a lodge where a policeman is having sex with", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13545796", "chunk_text": "\"Shaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar\"\nAhana has an accident which results in a miscarriage. Ayaan blames her for losing the child, but his mother convinces him and he apologizes. A few months later, Ahana becomes pregnant again and that's when she finds out that Ayaan had tricked her through her diary. Ahana decides to get drunk on her birthday and expose Ayaan publicly. Shaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar Shaadi Karke Phas Gaya Yaar (, ) is a Bollywood film directed by K. S. Adhiyaman best known for directing \"\"Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam\"\" (2002). Salman Khan and Shilpa Shetty star in the lead roles as husband", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2501646", "chunk_text": "\"Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam\"\nto remake his successful Tamil film \"\"Thotta Chinungi\"\" (1995) into Hindi. Initially it was revealed that Sunny Deol, Juhi Chawla and Aamir Khan were to play the three lead roles, though there ended up being a total change of cast, with Shahrukh Khan, Madhuri Dixit and Salman Khan replacing them. The music was composed by Nadeem-Shravan, Nikhil-Vinay, Daboo Malik, Bappi Lahiri, Bali Brahmabhatt, and Sajid-Wajid. Lyrics were penned by Sameer, Praveen Bhardwaj, Maya Govind, Kartik Avasthi, and Jalees Sherwani. The background score was composed by Uttam Singh. According to the Indian trade website Box Office India, with around 16,00,000 units", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17477447", "chunk_text": "\"Tere Jism Se Jaan Tak\"\nwhere Bobby is right now and what happned between Vikrant and Bobby. Tere Jism se jaan tak released on 30 October 2015 Tere Jism Se Jaan Tak Tere Jism se Jaan Tak is a Bollywood film made in Hindi language, directed by Raj Dayal and produced by Dhananjay Galani. It is made under the banner of Lavlin films and was released on 30 October 2015 all over India. Vikrant (Vinit Kakakr) and Nisha (Shilpa Sharma) are dating each other from past six months. He once take Nisha to his uncle's (Ramesh Goyal) farmhouse very far from the city. After reaching", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "134152", "chunk_text": "\"Sanam Teri Kasam (2016 film)\"\nSanam Teri Kasam (2016 film) Sanam Teri Kasam (English: \"\"Swear On You My Beloved\"\") is a 2016 Indian romantic drama film, starring Harshvardhan Rane and Mawra Hocane. It is directed by the duo Radhika Rao-Vinay Sapru and produced by Deepak Mukut. The film is a modern rendition of the novel \"\"Love Story\"\" by Eric Segal. The film was released worldwide on 5 February 2016 under the production banner of Eros Now. The film starts off with everybody congratulating lawyer Inder Lal Parihaar (Harshvardhan Rane) after he wins a case. Inder goes home and carries a bottle of liquor and stands", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10520474", "chunk_text": "\"Tulasi Dalam (film)\"\nTulasi Dalam (film) Tulasi Dalam is a 2016 Indian Telugu horror thriller film directed and produced by R. P. Patnaik. The film features Nishchal and Vandana Gupta in the lead roles and R. P. Patnaik in an important role with Brahmanandam and Duvvasi Mohan in the supporting roles. The film was released worldwide on 11 March 2016. Satvik (Nishchal Deva) who is an orphan moving to Las Vegas to be with his girlfriend, Nisha (Vandana Guptra). He stays in an apartment with a roommate, Subbu (Suneel Boddepalli). Satvik is a staunch non-believer in ghosts, and keeps rubbishing other’s beliefs too.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4475617", "chunk_text": "\"Maine Dil Tujhko Diya\"\nMaine Dil Tujhko Diya Maine Dil Tujhko Diya () is a 2002 Indian Hindi romantic action film directed by and starring Sohail Khan who makes his acting debut along with another debuatant Sameera Reddy. The film also features Sanjay Dutt, Kabir Bedi and Dalip Tahil in supporting roles.The film was a hit at the box office. Ajay (Sohail Khan) is head of his college group named Aryans. A girl named Ayesha (Sameera Reddy) to which Ajay is introduced and become friends. Gradually, Ajay and Ayesha fall in love with each other. This enrages Ayesha's father (Kabir Bedi) because of his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14892549", "chunk_text": "\"Woh Tera Naam Tha\"\nWoh Tera Naam Tha Woh Tera Naam Tha is a Bollywood film from 2004, starring Rajat Bedi and Amrish Puri. The music was composed by Roop Kumar Rathod. The cinematographer was Manmohan Singh. Orphaned at a very young age, Badruddin alias Badru was taken in by the kind-hearted Ustad Samad Khan (Puri), a once popular singer in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. During one of his shows, Samad found his audience distracted, and taking this as an insult to his art, gave up singing altogether. Badru is attracted to Samad's pretty daughter, Reshma, who also likes him. Badru has another admirer in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11635445", "chunk_text": "\"Kumar Sanu\"\nKaisa Utthhan Hai\"\" (sung by Asha Bhosle and Sonu Nigam in two different versions) and \"\"Jisne Sapna Dekha\"\" (sung by Sanu himself) are critically acclaimed. Sanu sang the title song for the TV show \"\"Yeh Duniyan Gazab Ki\"\", with singer Udit Narayan. Other than singing and composing music for films, he has also shown interest in producing films. In 2006, he produced his first Hindi film \"\"Utthaan\"\". Currently, he is working with a fellow producer, Rakesh Bhhatia on a new project named \"\"Yeh Sunday Kyun Aata Hai\"\". The film is based on the lives of four children who live in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10282942", "chunk_text": "Jananam\nJananam Jananam (English: Birth) is a South Indian Tamil film directed by Ramesh Selvan, who earlier directed \"\"Ulavuthurai\"\" with Vijayakanth. The film stars Arun Vijay and Priyanka Trivedi in lead roles. The film was launched in 2002 and got delayed and released in 2004. Surya (Arun Kumar) is an angry young man who is a post-graduate looking for a job. His girlfriend is Sruthi (Priyanka Trivedi) who always tries to control his rage as he fights against injustice in society. He fights for a friend (Charly) who is a gold medalist but does not get a job as he is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19366657", "chunk_text": "\"Tomar Jonyo\"\nTomar Jonyo Tomar Jonyo or Tomar Janna (\"\"For You\"\") is a Tollywood film which was released in 2008. Directed by Nilanjan Banerjee, the movie featured Rishi, Shriya Jha, Subrata Dutta . Shriya’s debut film Gita, in the Telugu film industry. But Zee Motion Pictures cast Shriya in Bengali film. Koel Mallick was supposedly cast as the female lead but she opted out, due to date problems. Shriya plays Aankhee, a visually challenged girl who runs a flower shop and falls in love with Joseph (Rishi Roy,named as Arindam Roy in Ollywood but rename himself to Rishi for Bengali Film Industry.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "363750", "chunk_text": "\"Bewafa Sanam\"\nBewafa Sanam Bewafa Sanam is a 1995 Hindi film directed by Gulshan Kumar. It stars Krishan Kumar (Brother of Gulshan Kumar), Shilpa Shirodkar, Aruna Irani, Shakti Kapoor and Kiran Kumar. The screenplay was written by Sachin Bhowmick, dialogue by Madan Joshi, and story by Gulshan Kumar. It was produced by Gulshan Kumar. Sundar and Sheetal love each other and hope to get married soon. His mother approves of this match, Sundar makes his living by playing cricket and has become a very popular cricketer and this has brought about many enemies in his life. Among them are Gautam, who conspires", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11428284", "chunk_text": "\"Deya Neya\"\nDeya Neya Deya Neya (English: \"\"Give and Take\"\", released 1963) is a Bengali film directed by Sunil Bandopadhyay and starring Uttam Kumar and Tanuja in lead roles. This is a romantic comedy film which beautifully portrays a man's struggle on a light note and ends with a happy ending. Prasanta Kumar Roy, son of BK Roy- an industrialist from the town of Lucknow, loves music and dislikes family business. His negligency to work results in loss for company. Furious father comes home only to learn that his son is also secretly practicing music. He disapproves the idea. Prasanta leaves home", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1039758", "chunk_text": "\"Sangdil Sanam\"\nnot be arrested. She also threatens her Dad to arrest him as he entered her house without permission. Shankar gets really sad now, but can't do anything. Kishan is happy as Sanam has turned into \"\"Munni\"\" (Sanam's childhood name). The music was scored by Anand-Milind and the lyrics were written by Sameer. The song \"\"One Two Three\"\" was used in the 2014 Bollywood film \"\"Haider\"\". Sangdil Sanam Sangdil Sanam is a 1994 Indian Bollywood film directed by Shomu Mukherjee. The film stars Salman Khan and Manisha Koirala in lead roles. It released on 16 December 1994. Kailash Nath is the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5131156", "chunk_text": "\"Tum Hi Ho Bandhu Sakha Tumhi\"\n- Parivar ki Jeevan Rekha\"\". The show there ended on 11 November 2016. The story revolves around the Pethewala family. Bhushan (Neil Bhatt), the second son of the family is in love with Shreya (Sreejita De). Before he can tell his family, they pretend to have fixed his marriage elsewhere but the girl turns out to be Shreya. The lovers are happily married. Ajay is the youngest son of the Pethewala family. His best friend Ajju is in love with Sanjana. Ajju gets a job in USA and he and Sanjana decide to marry in the court given Sanjana's father's", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10200588", "chunk_text": "\"Tujhe Meri Kasam\"\nTujhe Meri Kasam Tujhe Meri Kasam (English: \"\"swear on me\"\") is a 2003 Hindi romantic drama film starring Ritesh Deshmukh, Genelia D'Souza, Shriya Saran. It was directed by K. Vijaya Bhaskar and produced by Ramoji Rao, with Viju Shah as music director. This film marked the debut of Ritesh Deshmukh and Genelia D'Souza. It was a remake of Malayalam blockbuster film \"\"Niram\"\" directed by Kamal. Rishi (Ritesh Deshmukh) and Anju (Genelia D'Souza) are childhood buddies. They were born on the same day, in the same hospital. Even their parents are best friends from their college years and are now neighbours.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5453661", "chunk_text": "\"Sant Tukaram (film)\"\nFestival and was showcased in other international film festivals. It was a runaway success and broke the box office records by being the first Indian film to run in a single theatre for more than a year. It was Prabhat's and Pagnis's most famous film and became the archetype for devotional film. Set in 17th century Dehu, Maharashtra, Tukaram - a farmer and grocer - loses interest in the material world after losing his first wife and child in a famine. He neglects his worldly duties to his second wife Jijai (Awali) and their two children. The Brahmin Salomalo is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7100095", "chunk_text": "\"Kuch Toh Hai Tere Mere Darmiyaan\"\nKuch Toh Hai Tere Mere Darmiyaan Kuch Toh Hai Tere Mere Darmiyaan is an Indian serial drama television series, which aired on Star Plus from September 28, 2015 and ended after 83 episodes, and rebroadcast of the series on Star Utsav in February 2020.The series were based on The Book of Life (2014 film). The series is produced by Balaji Telefilms. It stars Gautam Gupta, Asha Negi and Ali Goni in lead roles. The previous actor portraying the character Koyal, Shritama Mukherjee, was replaced by Asha Negi. And the previous actor portraying Raj, Vibhav Roy, was replaced by Ali Goni.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10092512", "chunk_text": "\"Koi Tujh Sa Kahaan\"\nKoi Tujh Sa Kahaan Koi Tujh Sa Kahan (, ) is a 2005 Pakistani Urdu film, directed by Reema which was released in theaters across Pakistan and UK on 12 August 2005. \"\"Koi Tujh Sa Kahan\"\" is a movie whose story revolves around a loving couple of husband and wife, i.e Peeru (Moammar Rana) and Bella (Reema Khan), respectively. The story starts with Bella (Reema Khan) who has traveled all the way along to Singapore to lead the naming ceremony of PEERU HOTEL, which is owned by her group named Surkhab Group of Companies, as a token of gift to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13182125", "chunk_text": "\"Mere Sanam\"\nthe real family uniting together. The soundtrack is composed by O.P. Nayyar, while the lyrics are penned by lyricist Majrooh Sultanpuri. The soundtrack consists of 9 songs. Singers such as Mohammad Rafi and Asha Bhosle have done the playback for the songs of the album. Songs such as \"\"Pukarta Chala Hoon Main\"\", \"\"Jaiye Aap Kahan Jayenge\"\" and \"\"Yeh Hai Reshmi Zulfon Ka\"\" are still considered to be classics, while the others songs are also popular. There is also a small alap, which Mohd Rafi takes in the beginning of the song \"\"Jaiye Aap Kahan Jayenge\"\". Mere Sanam Mere Sanam (English:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2068333", "chunk_text": "Gangaajal\nGangaajal Gangaajal (English: \"\"Ganges' Waters\"\" or literally means \"\"Holy Water\"\") is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language crime-action drama film directed by Prakash Jha, starring Ajay Devgn, Gracy Singh and Mukesh Tiwari. The film also mentions the 1980 Bhagalpur blindings. Gangaajal was a hit at the Indian box-office. The film begins with Superintendent of Police(SP) IPS Amit Kumar (Ajay Devgn) taking charge of the fictitious Tezpur District (West Champaran) in Bihar. The area is notorious for its crime rate, with Tezpur Police under the control of the local don Sadhu Yadav (Mohan Joshi) and his son Sundar Yadav (Yashpal Sharma). Amit tries", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12867984", "chunk_text": "\"Sanam Re\"\nthe original background score. The lyrics are penned by Rashmi Virag, Mithoon, Manoj Muntashir, Manoj Yadav, Ikka Singh and Kumaar. <br>The film's title track Sanam Re song in the voice of Arijit Singh was released as a single on 22 December 2015. The second song, titled \"\"Gazab Ka Hai Yeh Din\"\" was released on 1 January 2016. and 1 song Kya Tujhe Ab Ye Dil Bataye was sung by Pakistani Pop Singer Falak Shabir . The soundtrack was released on 4 January 2016 by T-Series. Three songs were released later and were not the part of the film's album. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5913162", "chunk_text": "\"Sirf Tum\"\nSirf Tum Sirf Tum () is a 1999 Indian Hindi romance film directed by Agathian. It was released on 11 June 1999. The film features Sanjay Kapoor, Priya Gill, Sushmita Sen, Simran Bagga and Jackie Shroff. The movie was filmed in Nainital, Kerala and Houston. It is a remake of the National Award-winning Tamil film \"\"Kadhal Kottai\"\" which was also remade in Bengali as \"\"Hothat Brishti\"\", directed by Basu Chatterjee in 1998. The film was a box office success and collected around 42.4 crores in India. Deepak Rai (Sanjay Kapoor) comes across a purse that contains educational certificates belonging to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14393939", "chunk_text": "\"Tum Milo Toh Sahi\"\nTum Milo Toh Sahi Tum Milo Toh Sahi is Bollywood film that released on 2 April 2010. It stars Nana Patekar, Dimple Kapadia, Suniel Shetty, Vidya Malvade, Rehan Khan and Anjana Sukhani in the lead roles. Tum Milo To Sahi is a tale of ordinary people at different stages of life, who discover that, \"\"their roots have intertwined so inseparably that they have become one tree and not two!\"\" The film revolves around \"\"art and fortunate accident\"\", which happens to three different couples at three different stages of life – late teens, mid thirties, and late fifties. The three couples", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10200597", "chunk_text": "\"Tujhe Meri Kasam\"\ndid not go unnoticed. Most say that all these hoardings were not funded by the film's producer. If this wasn't enough, the chief minister used his powerful influence to get the who's who to attend the grand premiere. It was then that Deshmukh was asked to resign citing reason that he employed political machinery for such an affair. Tujhe Meri Kasam Tujhe Meri Kasam (English: \"\"swear on me\"\") is a 2003 Hindi romantic drama film starring Ritesh Deshmukh, Genelia D'Souza, Shriya Saran. It was directed by K. Vijaya Bhaskar and produced by Ramoji Rao, with Viju Shah as music director.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20725806", "chunk_text": "\"Ki Darun Dekhte\"\npostponed because of political violence connected with protests, strikes, and blockades called by the 18-party opposition alliance in the months leading up to the 5 January 2014 general election. Amar Mon Jurey Tui Tomake Kotha Dilam Ki Darun Dekhte Ki Darun Dekhte () is a Bangladeshi Bengali-language film directed by Wazed Ali Sumon. The film stars Mahiya Mahi, Bappy Chowdhury, Omar Sani, Misha Sowdagor, and Shiva Shanu. Mahi used to disguise herself as a black woman to save herself from roadside romeos and to find her true love. Meanwhile, a gentle boy Apon and a goon-typed boy Songram fall in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9078826", "chunk_text": "\"Sanam Teri Kasam (2009 film)\"\nSanam Teri Kasam (2009 film) Sanam Teri Kasam is a 2009, Indian romantic drama film directed by Lawrence D'Souza and starring Saif Ali Khan, Pooja Bhatt, Atul Agnihotri and Sheeba Akashdeep. The film was released in 2009, although it was produced in 1994. A long legal battle canned it for the next fifteen years, from 1994 to 2009. The film was previously titled \"\"Sambandh\"\" and \"\"Yeh Pyar Hi To Hai\"\". The audio cassettes were released as \"\"Sambandh\"\". Vijay Verma (Saif Ali Khan) is a rich and selfish playboy who enjoys playing with women by giving a fake name to every", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14393941", "chunk_text": "\"Tum Milo Toh Sahi\"\nBox office. Tum Milo Toh Sahi Tum Milo Toh Sahi is Bollywood film that released on 2 April 2010. It stars Nana Patekar, Dimple Kapadia, Suniel Shetty, Vidya Malvade, Rehan Khan and Anjana Sukhani in the lead roles. Tum Milo To Sahi is a tale of ordinary people at different stages of life, who discover that, \"\"their roots have intertwined so inseparably that they have become one tree and not two!\"\" The film revolves around \"\"art and fortunate accident\"\", which happens to three different couples at three different stages of life – late teens, mid thirties, and late fifties. The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20099034", "chunk_text": "\"Main Tera Dushman\"\nMain Tera Dushman Main Tera Dushman is a 1989 Indian film directed by Vijay Reddy. The movie stars Sunny Deol, Jackie Shroff, Jaya Prada and Sridevi in a special appearance. Honest and diligent Forest Officer Kishan Srivastav (Jackie Shroff) and his wife Jaya (Jaya Pradha) come to the rural area of Ramgarh, and upset the criminal activities of Thakur Dayalu (Anupam Kher), a corrupt Police Inspector, Kiran Kumar (Kiran Kumar) and their cronies, which include the capture and death of wildlife, so that Dayalu can decorate his palatial home. Kishan attempts to disrupt their criminal activities, he finds that Dayalu", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13182120", "chunk_text": "\"Mere Sanam\"\ncomedy film directed by Robert Mulligan, starring Rock Hudson, Gina Lollobrigida, Sandra Dee and Bobby Darin. Neena (Asha Parekh) is on an excursion trip to Kashmir, in the company of her mother Savitri Devi (Achala Sachdev), who is also the warden of their girls hostel in Lucknow and several female friends. During their journey, they decide to stay overnight at the Dreamland Hotel. Another lodger, Ramesh Kumar (Biswajit Chatterjee), who arrives there subsequently, finds their presence undesirable and asks the caretaker to get the surprised group to leave, as he is perturbed by the fact that his residential bungalow has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3629459", "chunk_text": "\"Jai Gangaajal\"\nJai Gangaajal Jai Gangaajal (English: \"\"Hail the Water of the Ganges\"\") is a 2016 Indian crime drama film directed by Prakash Jha. It is a follow-up to the 2003 crime film \"\"Gangaajal\"\", and stars Priyanka Chopra in the lead role with Jha appearing in a supporting role. It also features Manav Kaul, Rahul Bhat, and Queen Harish. The film was released worldwide on 4 March 2016. The Government of Madhya Pradesh declared \"\"Jai Gangaajal\"\" tax-free on 9 March 2016 and was a moderate box office hit. Babloo Pandey (Manav Kaul), the MLA of Bankipur district and his brother Dabloo Pandey", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "396192", "chunk_text": "\"Jai Gangaajal\"\nJai Gangaajal Jai Gangaajal (English: \"\"Hail the Water of the Ganges\"\") is a 2016 Indian crime drama film directed by Prakash Jha. It is a follow-up to the 2003 crime film \"\"Gangaajal\"\", and stars Priyanka Chopra in the lead role with Jha appearing in a supporting role. It also features Manav Kaul, Rahul Bhat, and Queen Harish. The film was released worldwide on 4 March 2016. The Government of Madhya Pradesh declared \"\"Jai Gangaajal\"\" tax-free on 9 March 2016 and was a moderate box office hit. Babloo Pandey (Manav Kaul), the MLA of Bankipur district and his brother Dabloo Pandey", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_296	who wrote antigone and what are the dates of his birth and death?	n/a	[ "winter 406/5 BC", "c. 497/6", "Sophocles" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18753705", "chunk_text": "Antigona\nAntigona Antigona (\"\"Antigone\"\") is an opera in three acts in Italian by the composer Tommaso Traetta. The libretto, by Marco Coltellini, is based on the tragedy \"\"Antigone\"\" by Sophocles. But there is also an opera \"\"Antigona\"\" by Josef Mysliveček. \"\"Antigona\"\" received its premiere at the Imperial Theatre, Saint Petersburg, Russia on 11 November 1772. The background to the opera is the myth of Oedipus. Oedipus has been expelled from Thebes, the city where he was king, after it was revealed he had killed his father and married his mother. He left four children: Eteocles, Polynices, Antigone and Ismene. Creon, Oedipus'", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1945106", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Euripides play)\"\nAntigone (Euripides play) Antigone ( ; ) is a play by the Attic dramatist Euripides, which is now lost except for a number of fragments. According to Aristophanes of Byzantium, the plot was similar to that of Sophocles' play \"\"Antigone\"\", with three differences. The date of the play is uncertain, but there is evidence that it was written late in Euripides' career, between 420 BCE and 406 BCE. Sophocles' \"\"Antigone\"\" (ca. 441 BCE) told the story of how Oedipus' daughter Antigone buried the body of her brother Polynices who had led an invasion of Thebes, defying the order of her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480427", "chunk_text": "Antigone\n24 to October 4, 2015. Antigone In Greek mythology, Antigone ( ; Ancient Greek: Ἀντιγόνη) is the daughter of Oedipus and his mother Jocasta. The meaning of the name is, as in the case of the masculine equivalent Antigonus, \"\"worthy of one's parents\"\" or \"\"in place of one's parents\"\". Antigone is the subject of a story in which she attempts to secure a respectable burial for her brother Polynices. Oedipus's sons, Eteocles and Polynices, had shared the rule jointly until they quarrelled, and Eteocles expelled his brother. In Sophocles' account, the two brothers agreed to alternate rule each year, but", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16980204", "chunk_text": "Antigonae\nAntigonae Antigonae (\"\"Antigone\"\"), written by Carl Orff, was first presented on 9 August 1949 under the direction of Ferenc Fricsay in the Felsenreitschule, Salzburg, Austria, as part of the Salzburg Festival. Antigonae is in Orff's words a \"\"musical setting\"\" for the Greek tragedy of the same name by Sophocles. However, it functions as an opera. Orff used the German translation of Sophocles' play by Friedrich Hölderlin. The original play was written in 442 BC, and the German translation copies faithfully the mood and movement of Greek tragedy. With this work Orff drew a line in his musical output, setting up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20440599", "chunk_text": "Antigona\nHe asks Antigone and Haemon to forgive his harshness. The opera ends with a marriage ceremony for the two rescued lovers. Antigona Antigona (\"\"Antigone\"\") is an opera in three acts in Italian by the composer Tommaso Traetta. The libretto, by Marco Coltellini, is based on the tragedy \"\"Antigone\"\" by Sophocles. But there is also an opera \"\"Antigona\"\" by Josef Mysliveček. \"\"Antigona\"\" received its premiere at the Imperial Theatre, Saint Petersburg, Russia on 11 November 1772. The background to the opera is the myth of Oedipus. Oedipus has been expelled from Thebes, the city where he was king, after it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480419", "chunk_text": "Antigone\nAntigone In Greek mythology, Antigone ( ; Ancient Greek: Ἀντιγόνη) is the daughter of Oedipus and his mother Jocasta. The meaning of the name is, as in the case of the masculine equivalent Antigonus, \"\"worthy of one's parents\"\" or \"\"in place of one's parents\"\". Antigone is the subject of a story in which she attempts to secure a respectable burial for her brother Polynices. Oedipus's sons, Eteocles and Polynices, had shared the rule jointly until they quarrelled, and Eteocles expelled his brother. In Sophocles' account, the two brothers agreed to alternate rule each year, but Eteocles decided not to share", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8913397", "chunk_text": "\"Antigonus of Carystus\"\nΘαυμάσια of Callimachus. It is doubtful whether he is identical with the sculptor who, according to Pliny (\"\"Nat. Hist.\"\" xxxiv. 19), wrote books on his art. Antigonus of Carystus Antigonus of Carystus (; Greek Ἀντίγονος ὁ Καρύστιος; ), Greek writer on various subjects, flourished in the 3rd century BC. After some time spent at Athens and in travelling, he was summoned to the court of Attalus I (241 BC–197 BC) of Pergamum. His chief work is the \"\"Successions of Philosophers\"\" drawn from personal knowledge, with considerable fragments preserved in Athenaeus and Diogenes Laërtius. We still possess his Ἱστοριῶν παραδόξων συναγωγή", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17978309", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Sophocles play)\"\nAntigone (Sophocles play) Antigone ( ; ) is a tragedy by Sophocles written in or before 441 BC. Of the three Theban plays \"\"Antigone\"\" is the third in order of the events depicted in the plays, but it is the first that was written. The play expands on the Theban legend that predates it, and it picks up where Aeschylus' \"\"Seven Against Thebes\"\" ends. Prior to the beginning of the play, brothers Eteocles and Polyneices, leading opposite sides in Thebes' civil war, died fighting each other for the throne. Creon, the new ruler of Thebes and brother of the former", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20736595", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Honegger)\"\nAntigone (Honegger) Antigone is an opera (\"\"tragédie musicale\"\") in three acts by Arthur Honegger to a French libretto by Jean Cocteau based on the tragedy \"\"Antigone\"\" by Sophocles. Honegger composed the opera between 1924 and 1927. It premiered on 28 December 1927 at the Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie with sets designed by Pablo Picasso and costumes by Coco Chanel. Honegger had a passionate interest in theatre. Prior to \"\"Antigone\"\", he had composed film scores and incidental music for plays as well as an oratorio, \"\"Le roi David\"\", which he called a \"\"dramatic psalm\"\" and premiered in 1921. From 1922", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7802495", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Euripides play)\"\nPeloponnesian War in 411 BCE, which may be a further clue to the date of \"\"Antigone\"\". Two lines from the prologue survive because Aristophanes held them up to ridicule in \"\"The Frogs\"\". These lines talk about Oedipus starting out as a fortunate man, then becoming wretched. Antigone (Euripides play) Antigone ( ; ) is a play by the Attic dramatist Euripides, which is now lost except for a number of fragments. According to Aristophanes of Byzantium, the plot was similar to that of Sophocles' play \"\"Antigone\"\", with three differences. The date of the play is uncertain, but there is evidence", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17419469", "chunk_text": "Antipater\nnobleman called Iollas or Iolaus and his family were distant collateral relatives to the Argead dynasty. Antipater was originally from the Macedonian city of Paliura; had a brother called Cassander; was the paternal uncle of Cassander's child Antigone and was the maternal great uncle of Berenice I of Egypt. Antipater had ten children from various unknown wives. His daughters were: His sons were: Antipater was a student of Aristotle and Aristotle named him as executor-in-charge of his will, when he died in 322 BC. According to Suidas, Antipater left a compilation of letters in 2 books and a history, called", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4446006", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Sophocles play)\"\nas Antigone and Patrick O'Kane as Kreon. Other TV adaptations of \"\"Antigone\"\" have starred Irene Worth (1949) and Dorothy Tutin (1959), both broadcast by the BBC. Antigone (Sophocles play) Antigone ( ; ) is a tragedy by Sophocles written in or before 441 BC. Of the three Theban plays \"\"Antigone\"\" is the third in order of the events depicted in the plays, but it is the first that was written. The play expands on the Theban legend that predates it, and it picks up where Aeschylus' \"\"Seven Against Thebes\"\" ends. Prior to the beginning of the play, brothers Eteocles and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11526879", "chunk_text": "Sophocles\nSophocles Sophocles (; \"\"Sophoklēs\"\", ; 497/6 – winter 406/5 BC) is one of three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays have survived. His first plays were written later than or contemporary with those of Aeschylus, and earlier than or contemporary with those of Euripides. Sophocles wrote over 120 plays during the course of his life, but only seven have survived in a complete form: \"\"Ajax\"\", \"\"Antigone\"\", \"\"Women of Trachis\"\", \"\"Oedipus Rex\"\", \"\"Electra\"\", \"\"Philoctetes\"\" and \"\"Oedipus at Colonus\"\". For almost 50 years, Sophocles was the most celebrated playwright in the dramatic competitions of the city-state of Athens that took place during the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8767725", "chunk_text": "\"Antiphanes (comic poet)\"\nAntiphanes (comic poet) Antiphanes (Ancient Greek: Ἀντιφάνης; c. 408 to 334 BCE) is regarded as the most important writer of the Middle Attic comedy with the exception of Alexis. He was apparently a foreigner (perhaps from Cius on the Propontis, Smyrna or Rhodes) and, by some accounts, was the child of slaves. He settled in Athens, where he began to write about 387. He was extremely prolific: more than 200 of the 365 (or 260) comedies attributed to him are known from the titles and considerable fragments preserved in Athenaeus. His plays chiefly deal with matters connected to mythological subjects,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8913396", "chunk_text": "\"Antigonus of Carystus\"\nAntigonus of Carystus Antigonus of Carystus (; Greek Ἀντίγονος ὁ Καρύστιος; ), Greek writer on various subjects, flourished in the 3rd century BC. After some time spent at Athens and in travelling, he was summoned to the court of Attalus I (241 BC–197 BC) of Pergamum. His chief work is the \"\"Successions of Philosophers\"\" drawn from personal knowledge, with considerable fragments preserved in Athenaeus and Diogenes Laërtius. We still possess his Ἱστοριῶν παραδόξων συναγωγή (Latin: \"\"Historiae Mirabiles\"\", \"\"Collection of Wonderful Tales\"\"), a paradoxographical work chiefly extracted from the Περὶ θαυμασίων ἀκουσμάτων (\"\"On Marvellous Things Heard\"\") attributed to Aristotle and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20736602", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Honegger)\"\nsevere, avoiding conventional lyricism. Antigone (Honegger) Antigone is an opera (\"\"tragédie musicale\"\") in three acts by Arthur Honegger to a French libretto by Jean Cocteau based on the tragedy \"\"Antigone\"\" by Sophocles. Honegger composed the opera between 1924 and 1927. It premiered on 28 December 1927 at the Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie with sets designed by Pablo Picasso and costumes by Coco Chanel. Honegger had a passionate interest in theatre. Prior to \"\"Antigone\"\", he had composed film scores and incidental music for plays as well as an oratorio, \"\"Le roi David\"\", which he called a \"\"dramatic psalm\"\" and premiered", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8715425", "chunk_text": "Sophocles\nway that was more natural to them and more expressive of their individual character feelings. Sophocles Sophocles (; \"\"Sophoklēs\"\", ; 497/6 – winter 406/5 BC) is one of three ancient Greek tragedians whose plays have survived. His first plays were written later than or contemporary with those of Aeschylus, and earlier than or contemporary with those of Euripides. Sophocles wrote over 120 plays during the course of his life, but only seven have survived in a complete form: \"\"Ajax\"\", \"\"Antigone\"\", \"\"Women of Trachis\"\", \"\"Oedipus Rex\"\", \"\"Electra\"\", \"\"Philoctetes\"\" and \"\"Oedipus at Colonus\"\". For almost 50 years, Sophocles was the most celebrated", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7008473", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Anouilh play)\"\nAntigone (Anouilh play) Jean Anouilh's play Antigone is a tragedy inspired by Greek mythology and the play of the same name by Sophocles. In English, it is often distinguished from its antecedent through its pronunciation (, approximately \"\"an-tee-gon\"\"). The play was first performed in Paris at the Théâtre de l'Atelier on February 6, 1944, during the Nazi occupation. Produced under Nazi censorship, the play is purposefully ambiguous with regard to the rejection of authority (represented by Antigone) and the acceptance of it (represented by Creon). The parallels to the French Resistance and the Nazi occupation are clear, however. The play", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20920163", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Mendelssohn)\"\nAntigone (Mendelssohn) Antigone (Op. 55; MWV M 12) is a suite of incidental music written in 1841 by Felix Mendelssohn to accompany the tragedy \"\"Antigone\"\" by Sophocles, staged by Ludwig Tieck. The text is based on Johann Jakob Christian Donner's German translation of the text, with additional assistance from August Böckh. The music is scored for narrator, tenor and bass soloists, two men's choirs and orchestra. It includes an overture and seven choruses. The choruses are set in the style of Greek chorus, with strophes and antistrophes sung antiphonally by the two choirs, with additional passages of recitative. The first", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480422", "chunk_text": "Antigone\nshe has hanged herself. Creon's son Hæmon, who was in love with Antigone commits suicide with a knife, and his mother Queen Eurydice, also kills herself in despair over her son's death. She has been forced to weave throughout the entire story, and her death alludes to The Fates. Sophocles' play is a typical Greek tragedy, in which inherent flaws of the acting characters lead to irrevocable disaster. Antigone and Creon are prototypical tragic figures in an Aristotelian sense, as they struggle towards their fore-doomed ends, forsaken by the gods. The dramatist Euripides also wrote a play called \"\"Antigone\"\", which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20856463", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone of Epirus\"\nAntigone of Epirus Antigone (, born before 317 BC-295 BC) was a Greek Macedonian noblewoman. Through her mother’s second marriage she was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty and through her marriage to Pyrrhus she was queen of Epirus Antigone was the daughter and the second child of the noblewoman Berenice and her first husband Philip. She had an elder brother called Magas and a younger sister called Theoxena. Antigone's father, Philip was the son of Amyntas by an unnamed mother. Based on the implication of Plutarch (Pyrrhus 4.4), her father was previously married and had children, including daughters. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7868342", "chunk_text": "\"Ancient Greek literature\"\nworks of Sophocles have survived, the most acclaimed of which are the three Theban plays, which center around the story of Oedipus and his offspring. The Theban Trilogy consists of \"\"Oedipus the King\"\", \"\"Oedipus at Colonus\"\", and \"\"Antigone\"\". Although the plays are often called a \"\"trilogy,\"\" they were actually written many years apart. \"\"Antigone\"\", the last of the three plays sequentially, was actually first to be written, having been composed in 441 BC, towards the beginning of Sophocles's career. \"\"Oedipus the King\"\", the most famous of the three, was written around 429 BC at the midpoint of Sophocles's career. \"\"Oedipus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2109436", "chunk_text": "\"Jean Anouilh\"\nJean Anouilh Jean Marie Lucien Pierre Anouilh (; 23 June 1910 – 3 October 1987) was a French dramatist whose career spanned five decades. Though his work ranged from high drama to absurdist farce, Anouilh is best known for his 1944 play \"\"Antigone\"\", an adaptation of Sophocles' classical drama, that was seen as an attack on Marshal Pétain's Vichy government. One of France's most prolific writers after World War II, much of Anouilh's work deals with themes of maintaining integrity in a world of moral compromise. Anouilh was born in Cérisole, a small village on the outskirts of Bordeaux, and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1945108", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Euripides play)\"\ninstead of their deaths in Sophocles' play. One extant fragment is a plea to the god Dionysus, suggesting the possibility that Dionysus was the \"\"deus ex machina\"\" who saved Antigone and Haemon and prophesied the birth of Maeon. Several extant fragments deal with love and marriage, and John Homer Huddilston believed that this, and hint from other fragments (although some of these are now believed to be from plays other than Antigone) indicate that Antigone and Haemon were married secretly. There are two vase paintings showing scenes from an \"\"Antigone\"\" play which were historically attributed to Euripides' play, although modern", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5151169", "chunk_text": "\"Jean Anouilh\"\nthen divorced from Monelle Valentin, he was survived by his second wife, Nicole Lançon, and four children. Jean Anouilh Jean Marie Lucien Pierre Anouilh (; 23 June 1910 – 3 October 1987) was a French dramatist whose career spanned five decades. Though his work ranged from high drama to absurdist farce, Anouilh is best known for his 1944 play \"\"Antigone\"\", an adaptation of Sophocles' classical drama, that was seen as an attack on Marshal Pétain's Vichy government. One of France's most prolific writers after World War II, much of Anouilh's work deals with themes of maintaining integrity in a world", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12901075", "chunk_text": "\"Antipater of Sidon\"\nAntipater of Sidon Antipater of Sidon (Greek: Ἀντίπατρος ὁ Σιδώνιος, \"\"Antipatros ho Sidonios\"\") was an ancient Greek poet in the second half of the 2nd century BC. His poems preserved in the \"\"Greek Anthology\"\" include evocations of art and literature and some epitaphs. But there appears to be confusion in the Anthology between Antipater of Sidon and Antipater of Thessalonica, who lived in the following century. Cicero describes Antipater as living at Rome in the time of Crassus and Catulus. Antipater composed an epitaph for Sappho, in which he stated that she died of natural causes and was buried in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12765759", "chunk_text": "Antimachus\nAntimachus Antimachus of Colophon (), or of Claros, was a Greek poet and grammarian, who flourished about 400 BC. Scarcely anything is known of his life. The Suda claims that he was a pupil of the poets Panyassis and Stesimbrotus. His poetical efforts were not generally appreciated, although he received encouragement from his younger contemporary Plato (Plutarch, \"\"Lysander\"\", 18). His chief works were: an epic \"\"Thebais\"\", an account of the expedition of the Seven against Thebes and the war of the Epigoni; and an elegiac poem \"\"Lyde\"\", so called from the poet's mistress, for whose death he endeavoured to find", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5341443", "chunk_text": "Aeschylus\nAeschylus Aeschylus (, ; \"\"Aiskhylos\"\", ; c. 525/524 – c. 456/455 BC) was an ancient Greek tragedian. He is often described as the father of tragedy. Academics' knowledge of the genre begins with his work, and understanding of earlier tragedies is largely based on inferences from his surviving plays. According to Aristotle, he expanded the number of characters in the theater and allowed conflict among them; characters previously had interacted only with the chorus. Only seven of his estimated seventy to ninety plays have survived, and there is a long-standing debate regarding his authorship of one of these plays, \"\"Prometheus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15347398", "chunk_text": "\"Antigonia (Chaonia)\"\nis decorated with a depiction of a strange illustration of a human with an animal head, resembling the Egyptian god Anubis or Saint Christopher. Antigonia (Chaonia) Antigonea (), also transliterated as Antigonia and Antigoneia, was an ancient Greek city in Chaonia, Epirus, and the chief inland city of the ancient Chaonians. It was founded in the 3rd century BC by Pyrrhus of Epirus, who named it after one of his wives, Antigone, daughter of Berenice I and step-daughter of Ptolemy I of Egypt. \"\"The straits near Antigoneia\"\" were mentioned in 230 BC, when a force of Illyrians under Scerdilaidas passed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "2678350", "chunk_text": "\"The Burial at Thebes\"\nThe Burial at Thebes The Burial at Thebes: A version of Sophocles' Antigone is a play by Irish Nobel laureate Seamus Heaney, based on the fifth century BC tragedy \"\"Antigone\"\" by Sophocles. It is also an opera by Dominique Le Gendre Antigone, the daughter of Oedipus King of Thebes, Greece, learns that her two brothers Polyneices and Eteocles have killed each other fighting on different sides of a war. Creon, Antigone's uncle and newly appointed King of Thebes, buries Eteocles, who fought on the Theban side of the war, hailing him as a great hero. He refuses to bury Polyneices,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19255496", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Brecht play)\"\nAntigone (Brecht play) Antigone, also known as \"\"The Antigone of Sophocles\"\", is an adaptation by the German dramatist Bertolt Brecht of Hölderlin's translation of Sophocles' tragedy. It was first performed at the Chur Stadttheater in Switzerland in 1948, with Brecht's second wife Helene Weigel, in the lead role. This was Brecht's first directorial collaboration with Caspar Neher. Ratan Thiyam directed a Meitei language-adaptation of the play in 1986. A 1951 production of \"\"Antigone\"\" at the Griez showed a new prologue written by Brecht in which Antigone, Tiresias, and Creon appear onstage and Tiresias gives an explication of the play. He", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14303075", "chunk_text": "\"The Burial at Thebes\"\nthe Bush administration. The Burial at Thebes The Burial at Thebes: A version of Sophocles' Antigone is a play by Irish Nobel laureate Seamus Heaney, based on the fifth century BC tragedy \"\"Antigone\"\" by Sophocles. It is also an opera by Dominique Le Gendre Antigone, the daughter of Oedipus King of Thebes, Greece, learns that her two brothers Polyneices and Eteocles have killed each other fighting on different sides of a war. Creon, Antigone's uncle and newly appointed King of Thebes, buries Eteocles, who fought on the Theban side of the war, hailing him as a great hero. He refuses", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "889782", "chunk_text": "Euphantus\nEuphantus Euphantus (; fl. c. 320 BCE) of Olynthus was a philosopher of the Megarian school as well as an historian and tragic poet. He was the disciple of Eubulides of Miletus, and the instructor of Antigonus II Gonatas king of Macedonia. He wrote many tragedies, which were well received at the games. He also wrote a very highly esteemed work, \"\"On Kingship\"\" (), addressed to Antigonus, and a history of his own times. He lived to a great age. Athenaeus refers to Euphantus relating a detail about Ptolemy III Euergetes of Egypt who reigned much later. The discrepancy has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480424", "chunk_text": "Antigone\nHyginus' version of the legend, founded apparently on a tragedy by some follower of Euripides, Antigone, on being handed over by Creon to her lover Hæmon to be slain, is secretly carried off by him and concealed in a shepherd's hut, where she bears him a son, Maeon. When the boy grows up, he attends some funeral games at Thebes, and is recognized by the mark of a dragon on his body. This leads to the discovery that Antigone is still alive. The demi-god Heracles then intercedes and pleads with Creon to forgive Hæmon, but in vain. Hæmon then kills", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3974922", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone of Macedon\"\nand had a daughter called Berenice I of Egypt. The colony of Antigonia was named after her and her granddaughter of the same name. Her namesake was the first wife of the Macedonian King Pyrrhus of Epirus. Antigone of Macedon Antigone () was a Macedonian noblewoman that lived in the 4th century BC. She was the child born to the nobleman Cassander by unnamed mother. Antigone was a relative to the powerful Regent Antipater as she was his niece. Her father and paternal uncle were the sons of Iolaus and through her father Antigone was a distant collateral relative to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1945107", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Euripides play)\"\nuncle Creon who was ruling Thebes. As a result, Creon condemned her to death, and although Creon rescinded the death sentence, Antigone and her lover Haemon, Creon's son, killed themselves. The extant fragments of Euripides' \"\"Antigone\"\" do not reveal much of the plot, but Aristophanes of Byzantium has written that Euripides' play differed from Sophocles' in three major ways: Modern scholars interpret Aristophanes comment to indicate that Euripides' play developed along similar lines to Sophocles', except that Haemon's participation in, or at least knowledge of, Antigone's burial of Polynices led to the happy resolution of their marriage in Euripides' play", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3974921", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone of Macedon\"\nAntigone of Macedon Antigone () was a Macedonian noblewoman that lived in the 4th century BC. She was the child born to the nobleman Cassander by unnamed mother. Antigone was a relative to the powerful Regent Antipater as she was his niece. Her father and paternal uncle were the sons of Iolaus and through her father Antigone was a distant collateral relative to the Argead dynasty. Antigone was originally from either Paliura or Eordeaea. Little is known on her life. Antigone married a Macedonian nobleman from obscure origins called Magas who was from Eordeaea. Antigone and Magas lived in Eordeaea", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16980223", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Sophocles play)\"\nand heirs to his lineage – a fact which provides a strong realistic motive for his hatred against Antigone. This modern perspective has remained submerged for a long time. Martin Heidegger, in his essay, \"\"The Ode on Man in Sophocles’ Antigone\"\", focusses on the chorus’ sequence of stophe and antistrophe that begins on line 278. His interpretation is in three phases: first to consider the essential meaning of the verse, and then to move through the sequence with that understanding, and finally to discern what was nature of humankind that Sophocles was expressing in this poem. In the first two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8767726", "chunk_text": "\"Antiphanes (comic poet)\"\nalthough others referenced particular professional and national persons or characters, while other plays focused on the intrigues of personal life. The Suda claims he died at the age of seventy-four after being struck by a pear. About 130 titles of his plays are known. Stephanus, an Athenian comic poet of the New Comedy, is said to have exhibited some of the plays of Antiphanes and was probably his son. One quotation by Athenaeus is the only surviving fragment of the works of Stephanus. Antiphanes (comic poet) Antiphanes (Ancient Greek: Ἀντιφάνης; c. 408 to 334 BCE) is regarded as the most", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16980212", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Sophocles play)\"\nto help him inside. The order he valued so much has been protected, and he is still the king, but he has acted against the gods and lost his children and his wife as a result. After Creon condemns himself, the leader of the chorus closes by saying that although the gods punish the proud, punishment brings wisdom. \"\"Antigone\"\" was written at a time of national fervor. In 441 BC, shortly after the play was performed, Sophocles was appointed as one of the ten generals to lead a military expedition against Samos. It is striking that a prominent play in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11434194", "chunk_text": "\"John Brass (writer)\"\n1834), the \"\"Œdipus Coloneus\"\" (1829), the \"\"Trachiniæ\"\" (1830), and the \"\"Antigone\"\" (1830) of Sophocles. He published a Greek Gradus in 1828, which was reissued, in two volumes, at Göttingen, under the editorship of C. F. G. Siedhof, in 1839-40, and in England in 1847, under the editorship of the Rev. F. E. J. Valpy. The politician Matthew Talbot Baines was a friend and executor. John Brass (writer) John Brass or Brasse (1790-1833), was an English clergyman, classicist and educational writer. He spelt his name Brass in early life, and Brasse in later years. Brass was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6274346", "chunk_text": "\"Ion of Chios\"\nIon of Chios Ion of Chios (; ; c. 490/480 – c. 420 BC) was a Greek writer, dramatist, lyric poet and philosopher. He was a contemporary of Aeschylus, Euripides and Sophocles. Of his many plays and poems only a few titles and fragments have survived. He also wrote some prose works, including a Pythagorean text, the \"\"Triagmos\"\", of which a few fragments survive. He was the son of Orthomenes, and was surnamed the son of Xuthus: probably a nickname alluding to Xuthus, the father of the mythical Ion. When very young he went to Athens, where he enjoyed the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11526885", "chunk_text": "Sophocles\nto the catastrophic destruction of the Athenian expeditionary force in Sicily during the Peloponnesian War. Sophocles died at the age of ninety or ninety-one in the winter of 406/5 BC, having seen within his lifetime both the Greek triumph in the Persian Wars and the bloodletting of the Peloponnesian War. As with many famous men in classical antiquity, his death inspired a number of apocryphal stories. The most famous is the suggestion that he died from the strain of trying to recite a long sentence from his \"\"Antigone\"\" without pausing to take a breath. Another account suggests he choked while", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480425", "chunk_text": "Antigone\nAntigone and himself. The intercession by Heracles is also represented on a painted vase (circa 380–300 BC). The story of Antigone has been a popular subject for books, plays, and other works, including: In the works of Hegel, in particular in his discussion of Sittlichkeit in his \"\"Phenomenology of Spirit\"\" and his \"\"Elements of the Philosophy of Right\"\", Antigone is figured as exposing a tragic rift between the so-called feminine \"\"Divine Law,\"\" which Antigone represents, and the \"\"Human Law,\"\" represented by Creon. The psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan writes about the ethical dimension of Antigone in his Seminar VII, \"\"The Ethics of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1945112", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone (Euripides play)\"\nEuripides' life, between 420 BCE and 406 BCE. In addition, a scholiast remark indicates that another play of Euripides, \"\"Antiope\"\", was produced after 412. However, metrical analysis of the extant fragments of \"\"Antiope\"\" indicate a much earlier date. This leaves open the possibility that the scholium erroneously referred to \"\"Antiope\"\" but meant \"\"Antigone\"\", or originally named \"\"Antigone\"\" but this became corrupted over time. If so, that would indicate that \"\"Antigone\"\" was produced between 411 and 406 BCE. Zimmerman has suggested that the likely theme of the play involving Polynices as a traitor who was denied burial mirrored events of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18282795", "chunk_text": "\"Iphigenia in Aulis\"\nIphigenia in Aulis Iphigenia in Aulis or at Aulis (, \"\"Iphigeneia en Aulidi\"\"; variously translated, including the Latin \"\"Iphigenia in Aulide\"\") is the last of the extant works by the playwright Euripides. Written between 408, after \"\"Orestes\"\", and 406 BC, the year of Euripides' death, the play was first produced the following year in a trilogy with \"\"The Bacchae\"\" and \"\"Alcmaeon in Corinth\"\" by his son or nephew, Euripides the Younger, and won the first place at the Athenian city Dionysia. The play revolves around Agamemnon, the leader of the Greek coalition before and during the Trojan War, and his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4762153", "chunk_text": "\"Antiphon (tragic poet)\"\nAntiphon (tragic poet) Antiphon () was in ancient Greece a tragic poet whom Plutarch, Philostratus, and others, confused with the Attic orator Antiphon, who was put to death at Athens in 411 BCE. Antiphon the tragic poet lived at Syracuse, at the court of Dionysius I of Syracuse, who did not assume the tyranny till the year 406 BCE, that is, five years after the death of the Attic orator Antiphon. The poet Antiphon is said to have written dramas in conjunction with the tyrant, who is not known to have shown interest in writing poetry until the latter period", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4184689", "chunk_text": "Eratosthenes\nand investigated the art of poetry under Callimachus. He was a talented and imaginative poet. He wrote poems: one in hexameters called \"\"Hermes\"\", illustrating the god's life history; and another, in elegiacs called \"\"Erigone\"\", describing the suicide of the Athenian maiden Erigone (daughter of Icarius). He wrote \"\"Chronographies\"\", a text that scientifically depicted dates of importance, beginning with the Trojan War. This work was highly esteemed for its accuracy. George Syncellus was later able to preserve from \"\"Chronographies\"\" a list of 38 kings of the Egyptian Thebes. Eratosthenes also wrote \"\"Olympic Victors\"\", a chronology of the winners of the Olympic", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20856468", "chunk_text": "\"Antigone of Epirus\"\nborn. As a posthumous honor to his first wife, Pyrrhus founded a colony called Antigonia, whom he named after her. In the colony named after her, gained a reputation for medals that bore her name. The Medals were distinguished by an Obelisk within a crown of ivy leaves and bunches of grapes, which had the inscription \"\"ΑΝΤΙΓΟΝΕΩΝ\"\". Antigone of Epirus Antigone (, born before 317 BC-295 BC) was a Greek Macedonian noblewoman. Through her mother’s second marriage she was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty and through her marriage to Pyrrhus she was queen of Epirus Antigone was the daughter", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9480423", "chunk_text": "Antigone\nis lost, but some of the text was preserved by later writers and in passages in his \"\"Phoenissae\"\". In Euripides, the calamity is averted by the intercession of Dionysus and is followed by the marriage of Antigone and Hæmon. Antigone also plays a role in Euripides' extant play \"\"The Phoenician Women\"\". Different elements of the legend appear in other places. A description of an ancient painting by Philostratus (\"\"Imagines\"\" ii. 29) refers to Antigone placing the body of Polynices on the funeral pyre, and this is also depicted on a sarcophagus in the Villa Doria Pamphili in Rome. And in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_297	when was i look at the world poem written?	n/a	[ "30–31 October 2000" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1453614", "chunk_text": "\"This Is My Father's World\"\nThis Is My Father's World \"\"This is My Father's World\"\" is a well-known Christian hymn written by Maltbie Davenport Babcock, a minister from New York, and published posthumously in 1901. When Rev. Babcock lived in Lockport, New York, he took frequent walks along the Niagara Escarpment to enjoy the overlook's panoramic vista of upstate New York scenery and Lake Ontario, telling his wife Katherine he was \"\"going out to see the Father's world\"\". He died in 1901 at age 42. Shortly after his death Katherine published a compilation of Babcock's writings entitled \"\"Thoughts for Every-Day Living\"\" that contained the poem", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16860487", "chunk_text": "\"The World Is Too Much with Us\"\nThe poem's many commas and semicolons create pauses that instill reflection in the reader. In each pause the reader is given space to contemplate and engage with the message. The World Is Too Much with Us \"\"The World Is Too Much with Us\"\" is a sonnet by the English Romantic poet William Wordsworth. In it, Wordsworth criticises the world of the First Industrial Revolution for being absorbed in materialism and distancing itself from nature. Composed circa 1802, the poem was first published in \"\"Poems, in Two Volumes\"\" (1807). Like most Italian sonnets, its 14 lines are written in iambic pentameter.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9483165", "chunk_text": "\"The World Is Too Much with Us\"\nThe World Is Too Much with Us \"\"The World Is Too Much with Us\"\" is a sonnet by the English Romantic poet William Wordsworth. In it, Wordsworth criticises the world of the First Industrial Revolution for being absorbed in materialism and distancing itself from nature. Composed circa 1802, the poem was first published in \"\"Poems, in Two Volumes\"\" (1807). Like most Italian sonnets, its 14 lines are written in iambic pentameter. In the early 19th century, Wordsworth wrote several sonnets blasting what he perceived as \"\"the decadent material cynicism of the time.\"\" \"\"The World Is Too Much with Us\"\" is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4088037", "chunk_text": "\"The White Man's Burden\"\nof the world. In 2018, students at the University of Manchester cited such Eurocentic racism as a reason for having replaced Rudyard Kipling's 19th-century poem \"\"If—\"\" (1895) with the 20th-century poem \"\"Still I Rise\"\" (1978), by Maya Angelou. The poem of \"\"The White Man's Burden\"\", by Rudyard Kipling, was first published in \"\"The New York Sun\"\", on 10 February 1899. Three days earlier, on 7 February 1899, in the course of senatorial debate to decide (Joint Resolution S.R. 210 ) if the U.S. should retain control of the Philippine islands and the ten million Filipinos conquered from Imperial Spain, Senator", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1112502", "chunk_text": "\"My Country\"\nMy Country \"\"My Country\"\" is an iconic patriotic [poem]about [Australia], written by Dorothea Mackellar (1885–1968) at the age of 19 while homesick in the United Kingdom. After travelling through Europe extensively with her father during her teenage years, she started writing the poem in London in 1904 and re-wrote it several times before her return to Sydney. The poem was first published in \"\"The Spectator\"\" in London on 5 September 1908 under the title \"\"Core of My Heart\"\". It was reprinted in many Australian newspapers, quickly becoming well known and establishing Mackellar as a poet. Mackellar's family owned substantial properties", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20033276", "chunk_text": "\"A Question (poem)\"\nA Question (poem) \"\"A Question\"\" is a poem by Robert Frost, first published in 1942 in \"\"A Witness Tree\"\". <poem> A voice said, Look me in the stars And tell me truly, men of earth, If all the soul-and-body scars Were not too much to pay for birth. </poem> While it is not long, many different interpretations exist for this poem. Many think that this poem stands for one's reflection on their past life. The poem questions whether you valued your life over death or, worse, never having been born. Did you in fact see life for all of its", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1453615", "chunk_text": "\"This Is My Father's World\"\n\"\"My Father's World\"\". The original poem contained sixteen stanzas of four lines each. The poem was set to music in 1915 by Franklin L. Sheppard, a close friend of Babcock; Sheppard's tune is titled \"\"Terra Beata\"\" (Latin for \"\"Blessed Earth\"\"). Sheppard adapted the music from a traditional English melody that he learned from his mother as a child. When sung as a hymn Babcock's poem usually is condensed to three to six verses, with each verse corresponding to two stanzas in the poem. An example (from the \"\"United Methodist Hymnal\"\") uses stanzas 2-5, 14, and 16: The poem refers to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1981824", "chunk_text": "\"My Heart Leaps Up\"\nMy Heart Leaps Up \"\"My Heart Leaps Up\"\", also known as \"\"The Rainbow\"\", is a poem by the British Romantic poet William Wordsworth. Noted for its simplicity of structure and language, it describes the joy that he feels when he sees a rainbow and notes that he has felt this way since his childhood. He concludes the poem by noting how his childhood has shaped his current views and stating that \"\"the child is father of the man\"\". Wordsworth wrote \"\"My Heart Leaps Up\"\" on the night of March 26, 1802. Earlier that day, he had written \"\"To The Cuckoo\"\".", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11613770", "chunk_text": "\"Brahma (poem)\"\nBrahma (poem) \"\"Brahma\"\" is a poem by Ralph Waldo Emerson, written in 1856. It is named for Brahman, the universal principle of the Vedas. BRAHMA is one of the poems composed by Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American transcendentalist of the nineteenth century. The poem is composed in the form of an Utterance- a form which comprises sublime or metaphysical content while adding to it the balladic quatrain-music pattern. (A dramatic form not in vogue, and distinctly different from Browning's dramatic developments). The form, therefore, is the first of its kind to include Oriental poetical material in the Western verse framework.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11563082", "chunk_text": "Georgics\nGeorgics The Georgics (; ) is a poem by Latin poet Virgil, likely published in 29 BC. As the name suggests (from the Greek word , \"\"geōrgika\"\", i.e. \"\"agricultural (things)\"\") the subject of the poem is agriculture; but far from being an example of peaceful rural poetry, it is a work characterized by tensions in both theme and purpose. The \"\"Georgics\"\" is considered Virgil's second major work, following his \"\"Eclogues\"\" and preceding the \"\"Aeneid\"\". The poem draws on a variety of prior sources and has influenced many later authors from antiquity to the present. The work consists of 2,188 hexametric", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20531883", "chunk_text": "\"Franklin L. Sheppard\"\nFranklin L. Sheppard Franklin L. Sheppard (1852-1930) was a well-known Christian hymn composer who set the poem, \"\"This is My Father's World\"\", to music. Sheppard was born on August 7, 1852 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sheppard attended William Fewsmith’s Classical School and the University of Pennsylvania where he graduated as valedictorian in 1872. In 1875, Sheppard moved to Boston, Massachusetts, to run the foundry for his father’s stove and heater manufacturing company. Shepard attended the Zion Protestant Episcopal Church in Boston, but later switched to Presbyterianism. He eventually joined the Second Presbyterian Church in Baltimore, Maryland, and became president of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "678283", "chunk_text": "\"When I Consider How My Light is Spent\"\nthat the poem was written after the publication of Milton's 1645 Poems. It may have been written as early as 1652, although most scholars believe it was composed sometime between June and October 1655, when Milton's blindness was essentially complete. However, most discussions of the dating depend on the assumption that Newton's title reflects Milton's intentions, which may not be true. More reliable evidence of the date of the poem comes from the fact that it appears in the \"\"Trinity Manuscript\"\", which is believed to contain material written between about 1631 and 1659 (see Revard, 2009, p. 543); and that,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3683664", "chunk_text": "\"Maltbie Davenport Babcock\"\nLouis Comfort Tiffany, depicts St. John's vision of the \"\"New Jerusalem\"\" described in . It has brilliant red, orange, and yellow glass etched for the sunrise, with textured glass used to create the effect of moving water. It is said to be one of the two largest windows crafted by Tiffany. Maltbie Davenport Babcock Maltbie Davenport Babcock (August 3, 1858 – May 18, 1901) was a noted American clergyman and writer of the 19th century. He authored the familiar hymn, \"\"This is My Father's World\"\", among others. Babcock was born at Syracuse, New York, eldest son of Henry and Emily", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7500993", "chunk_text": "\"I Am (poem)\"\nI Am (poem) \"\"I Am\"\" (or \"\"Lines: I Am\"\") is a poem written by English poet John Clare in late 1844 or 1845 and published in 1848. It was composed when Clare was in the Northampton General Lunatic Asylum (commonly Northampton County Asylum, and later renamed St Andrew's Hospital), isolated by his mental illness from his family and friends. This poem, written in three stanzas of regular iambic pentameter and an \"\"ababbb\"\" rhyme scheme in the first stanza and an \"\"cdcdee\"\" scheme for the second stanza and an\"\"fgfghh\"\" for the third stanza, details Clare's finding of a sanctuary from the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12829336", "chunk_text": "\"Pieces of Hope to the Echo of the World\"\nPieces of Hope to the Echo of the World Pieces of Hope to the Echo of the World (French: \"\"Parcelles d'espoir à l'echo de ce monde\"\") is reputedly the modern era's longest handwritten poem, unveiled on 4 August 2006 by its author French public notary Patrick Huet. It comprises 7,547 verses and is reported to be almost 1 km () long . The poem takes the form of an acrostic, in which the initials of each line collectively spell out the 30 articles of the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The display of the work was unveiled before a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11065894", "chunk_text": "\"I Am (poem)\"\nAm\"\" (or \"\"I Only Know I Am\"\", or \"\"Sonnet: I Am\"\"). The latter may, however, \"\"be seen as a complementary piece\"\". The poem is read by Rory Kinnear in season two, episode \"\"Above the Vaulted Sky\"\" of the BBC series \"\"Penny Dreadful\"\" and also in the film \"\"Black Pond\"\". I Am (poem) \"\"I Am\"\" (or \"\"Lines: I Am\"\") is a poem written by English poet John Clare in late 1844 or 1845 and published in 1848. It was composed when Clare was in the Northampton General Lunatic Asylum (commonly Northampton County Asylum, and later renamed St Andrew's Hospital), isolated by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20028741", "chunk_text": "\"The World as I See It (song)\"\nThe World as I See It (song) \"\"The World as I See It\"\" is a song by American singer-songwriter Jason Mraz. It was released on iTunes on September 20, 2011. The song was announced to be the official theme for Intel and ASUS' \"\"In Search of Incredible\"\" campaign. It was later included on his fourth studio album \"\"Love is a Four Letter Word\"\" (2012). The song was written by Mraz and Rick Nowels, while Joe Chiccarelli produced it. The song finds the singer exalting the world we live in. It was inspired by Albert Einstein's memoirs of the same name.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1112505", "chunk_text": "\"My Country\"\nThe last line of the third stanza, \"\"\"\"And ferns the warm dark soil\"\"\"\" was originally \"\"\"\"And ferns the crimson soil\"\"\"\". Her second anthology, \"\"The Witch Maid & Other Verses\"\", published in 1914, included the original version. A recording of \"\"My Country\"\" made by the radio and TV actor Leonard Teale became so popular in the 1970s that his reading of the first lines of the second stanza were often used to parody him. My Country \"\"My Country\"\" is an iconic patriotic [poem]about [Australia], written by Dorothea Mackellar (1885–1968) at the age of 19 while homesick in the United Kingdom. After", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "55289", "chunk_text": "Lycidas\n\"\"Look Homeward, Angel\"\": The title of Howard Spring's 1940 political novel \"\"Fame is the Spur\"\" takes its title from the poem, as does \"\"The Sheep Look Up\"\" by John Brunner which is taken from line 125. The title of the short story \"\"Wash Far Away\"\" by John Berryman from the collection \"\"Freedom of the Poet\"\" is also taken from this poem: Lycidas \"\"Lycidas\"\" () is a poem by John Milton, written in 1637 as a pastoral elegy. It first appeared in a 1638 collection of elegies, entitled \"\"Justa Edouardo King Naufrago\"\", dedicated to the memory of Edward King, friend of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8767672", "chunk_text": "\"Song of Myself\"\nSong of Myself \"\"Song of Myself\"\" is a poem by Walt Whitman (1819-1892) that is included in his work \"\"Leaves of Grass\"\". It has been credited as \"\"representing the core of Whitman’s poetic vision.\"\" The poem was first published without sections as the first of twelve untitled poems in the first (1855) edition of \"\"Leaves of Grass\"\". The first edition was published by Whitman at his own expense. In the second (1856) edition, Whitman used the title \"\"Poem of Walt Whitman, an American,\"\" which was shortened to \"\"Walt Whitman\"\" for the third (1860) edition. The poem was divided into fifty-two", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16178856", "chunk_text": "\"Gautier de Metz\"\nGautier de Metz Gautier de Metz (also \"\"Gauthier\"\", \"\"Gossuin,\"\" or \"\"Gossouin\"\") was a French priest and poet. He is primarily known for writing the encyclopedic poem \"\"L'Image du Monde\"\". Evidence from the earliest editions of this work suggests his actual name was Gossouin rather than Gautier. In January 1245, Gautier wrote \"\"L'Image du monde\"\" (French, \"\"the image of the world\"\") or \"\"Imago Mundi\"\", an encyclopedic work about creation, the Earth and the universe, wherein facts are mixed with fantasy. It was originally written in Latin in the form of 6594 rhymed octosyllabic verses divided into three parts. Some parts of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17532943", "chunk_text": "\"World government\"\nof the Priesthood authorities of his church, along with a Council of Friends. This group of three organizations was expected to rule as a world government just prior to the Millennium. In 1842, the English poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson, published the oft-quoted lines \"\"Locksley Hall\"\": \"\"For I dipt into the future, far as human eye could see / Saw a Vision of the world, and all the wonder that would be /... / Till the war-drum throbb'd no longer / and the battle-flags were furled / In the Parliament of man, the Federation of the world. / There the common", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7396122", "chunk_text": "\"The Sunlight on the Garden\"\nThe Sunlight on the Garden The Sunlight on the Garden is a 24-line poem by Louis MacNeice. It was written in late 1936 and was entitled \"\"Song\"\" at its first appearance in print, in The Listener magazine, January 1937. It was first published in book form as the third poem in MacNeice's poetry collection The Earth Compels (1938). The poem explores themes of time and loss, along with anxiety about the darkening political situation in Europe following the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War. It is one of the best known and most anthologized of MacNeice's short poems. George Macbeth", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8761416", "chunk_text": "Georgics\n\"\"The Land\"\" (1926). This however, followed the course of the seasons through its four books and balanced rural know-how with celebratory description in the mode of Georgian Poetry. Georgics The Georgics (; ) is a poem by Latin poet Virgil, likely published in 29 BC. As the name suggests (from the Greek word , \"\"geōrgika\"\", i.e. \"\"agricultural (things)\"\") the subject of the poem is agriculture; but far from being an example of peaceful rural poetry, it is a work characterized by tensions in both theme and purpose. The \"\"Georgics\"\" is considered Virgil's second major work, following his \"\"Eclogues\"\" and preceding", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "18968129", "chunk_text": "\"O Welt, sieh hier dein Leben\"\nO Welt, sieh hier dein Leben \"\"\"\" (literally: O world, see here your life) is a Lutheran hymn in German by Paul Gerhardt. The hymn for Passiontide in 16 stanzas of 6 lines was first published in 1647 in Johann Crüger's \"\"Praxis pietatis melica\"\". The hymn is known as the source for chorales in Bach's Passions. It was translated to English in several versions, for example \"\"O, World! behold upon the tree\"\" by Catherine Winkworth in 1858. Gerhardt wrote the hymn for Passiontide in 16 stanzas of 6 lines each to the melody of \"\"O Welt, ich muß dich lassen\"\",", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4195120", "chunk_text": "\"Maltbie Davenport Babcock\"\nMaltbie Davenport Babcock Maltbie Davenport Babcock (August 3, 1858 – May 18, 1901) was a noted American clergyman and writer of the 19th century. He authored the familiar hymn, \"\"This is My Father's World\"\", among others. Babcock was born at Syracuse, New York, eldest son of Henry and Emily Maria (Maltbie) Babcock. His first American ancestor was James Babcock (1612–1679), a native of England, who emigrated in 1642, settling first at Portsmouth, Rhode Island and then in Westerly, where his descendents became prominent. Maltbie Davenport Babcock's great-grandfather, Henry Davis, was second president of Hamilton College, and his grandfather, Rev. Ebenezer", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13116720", "chunk_text": "\"Gone from my sight\"\nGone from my sight \"\"Gone From My Sight,\"\" also known as the \"\"Parable of Immortality\"\" and \"\"What Is Dying\"\" is a poem (or prose poem) presumably written by the Rev. Luther F. Beecher (1813-1903), cousin of Henry Ward Beecher and Harriet Beecher Stowe. At least three publications credit the poem to Luther Beecher in printings shortly after his death in 1904. However, it is often attributed to Henry Van Dyke, probably due to his name appearing as the author in a widely distributed booklet by Barbara Karnes entitled \"\"Gone from My Sight.\"\" This \"\"little blue book\"\" has been in print", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13530643", "chunk_text": "\"World Poetry Day\"\nWorld Poetry Day World Poetry Day is celebrated on 21 March, and was declared by UNESCO (the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) in 1999. Its purpose is to promote the reading, writing, publishing and teaching of poetry throughout the world and, as the original UNESCO declaration says, to \"\"give fresh recognition and impetus to national, regional and international poetry movements\"\". It was generally celebrated in October, but in the latter part of the 20th century the world community celebrated it on the 15th, the birthday of Virgil, the Roman epic poet and poet laureate under Augustus. The tradition", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11295728", "chunk_text": "\"Renascence (poem)\"\nRenascence (poem) \"\"Renascence\"\" (also \"\"Renasance\"\") is a 1912 poem by Edna St. Vincent Millay, credited with introducing her to the wider world, and often considered one of her finest poems. The poem is a 200+ line lyric poem, written in the first person, broadly encompassing the relationship of an individual to humanity and nature. The narrator is contemplating a vista from a mountaintop. Overwhelmed by nature, and thoughts of human suffering, the narrator empathetically feels the deaths of others, and feels pressed into a grave. Friendly rain brings the narrator back to joy in life—the rebirth, or \"\"renascence\"\", of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13216958", "chunk_text": "\"On First Looking into Chapman's Homer\"\nwith the vast Pacific, which stuns its discoverers into silence, is felt to be the more just. Keats altered \"\"wondr'ing eyes\"\" (in the original manuscript) to \"\"eagle eyes\"\", and \"\"Yet could I never judge what Men could mean\"\" (which was the seventh line even in the first publication in \"\"The Examiner\"\") to \"\"Yet did I never breathe its pure serene\"\". This poem is a Petrarchan sonnet, also known as an Italian sonnet, divided into an octave and a sestet, with a rhyme scheme of \"\"a-b-b-a-a-b-b-a-c-d-c-d-c-d\"\". After the main idea has been introduced and the image played upon in the octave,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9986818", "chunk_text": "\"Gautier de Metz\"\nthe most carefully prepared. The translation was largely faithful to the original but introduced more references to English places and people. Gautier de Metz Gautier de Metz (also \"\"Gauthier\"\", \"\"Gossuin,\"\" or \"\"Gossouin\"\") was a French priest and poet. He is primarily known for writing the encyclopedic poem \"\"L'Image du Monde\"\". Evidence from the earliest editions of this work suggests his actual name was Gossouin rather than Gautier. In January 1245, Gautier wrote \"\"L'Image du monde\"\" (French, \"\"the image of the world\"\") or \"\"Imago Mundi\"\", an encyclopedic work about creation, the Earth and the universe, wherein facts are mixed with fantasy.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "5216267", "chunk_text": "\"The Earth Compels\"\nbook offers an impressionistic picture of a journey from brightness, 'The Sunlight on the Garden' (from which poem its title is taken), towards darkness; from Carrickfergus to Iceland and the Hebrides; from peace - by way of one World War - into the advancing shadows of another.\"\" \"\"The Earth Compels\"\" gathers together poems written by Louis MacNeice between 1935 and 1937. The manuscript was sent to the publishers Faber and Faber in late 1937. T. S. Eliot, who was an editor at Fabers and had previously given encouragement and support to MacNeice, wrote back on 6 January 1938: 'I have", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3653425", "chunk_text": "\"The Song of Los\"\nThe Song of Los The Song of Los (written 1795) is one of William Blake's epic poems, known as prophetic books. The poem consists of two sections, \"\"Africa\"\" and \"\"Asia\"\". In the first section Blake catalogues the decline of morality in Europe, which he blames on both the African slave trade and enlightenment philosophers. The book provides a historical context for \"\"The Book of Urizen\"\", \"\"The Book of Ahania\"\", and \"\"The Book of Los\"\", and also ties those more obscure works to \"\"The Continental Prophecies\"\", \"\"Europe\"\" and \"\"America\"\". The second section consists of Los urging revolution. During autumn 1790, Blake", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7041888", "chunk_text": "Idyll\nIdyll An idyll (British English) or idyl (American English) ( or ; from Greek , \"\"eidullion\"\", \"\"short poem\"\") is a short poem, descriptive of rustic life, written in the style of Theocritus' short pastoral poems, the \"\"Idylls\"\". Unlike Homer, Theocritus did not engage in heroes and warfare. His idylls are limited to a small intimate world, and describe scenes from everyday life. Later imitators include the Roman poets Virgil and Catullus, Italian poets Torquato Tasso, Sannazaro and Leopardi, the English poet Alfred, Lord Tennyson (\"\"Idylls of the King\"\"), and Nietzsche's \"\"Idylls from Messina\"\". Goethe called his poem \"\"Hermann and Dorothea\"\"—which", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17303077", "chunk_text": "\"The Song of the World\"\nThe Song of the World The Song of the World () is a 1934 novel by the French writer Jean Giono. The narrative is set around a river and portrays human vendettas as a part of nature. The story contains references to the \"\"Iliad\"\". Its themes and view on nature were heavily inspired by Walt Whitman's poetry collection \"\"Leaves of Grass\"\". It was adapted into the 1965 film \"\"Le Chant du monde\"\", directed by Marcel Camus. The novel was serialised in \"\"Revue de Paris\"\" from 1 March to 15 April 1934. Éditions Gallimard published the book on 16 May the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12490405", "chunk_text": "\"Voices from the Other World\"\nVoices from the Other World \"\"Voices from the Other World\"\" is a celebrated early poem by James Merrill (1926-1995). it marks the poet's first use of transcripts from a ouija board, a trope later explored at great length in the poet's apocalyptic epic \"\"The Changing Light at Sandover\"\" (1982). The poem, written in the first person plural, consists of nine irregularly-rhymed five-line stanzas. The (unnamed) narrators of the poem are Merrill and his partner David Jackson, who together — after a Ouija board had been given to Merrill as a present by his friend Frederick Buechner in the early 1950s", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9439090", "chunk_text": "\"Dominion (poem)\"\nDominion (poem) Dominion is a 1938 poem by the New Zealand writer A. R. D. Fairburn. It covers New Zealand and its national identity, in relation to its colonial history, political and economical realities, spirituality and nature. The tone alternates between satirical, tender and hopeful. It is divided into five major parts—\"\"Utopia\"\", \"\"Album Leaves\"\", \"\"Elements\"\", \"\"Dialogue\"\" and \"\"Struggle in a Mirror\"\"—with several further subsections. It was published separately in 1938 and republished in 1952 in \"\"Three Poems\"\", together with \"\"The Voyage\"\" and \"\"To a Friend in the Wilderness\"\". Marjorie J. Van Buren wrote in a 1964 Master of Arts thesis", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3683663", "chunk_text": "\"Maltbie Davenport Babcock\"\nwise, patient, sympathetic and inspiring\"\". He is buried at Oakwood Cemetery in Syracuse, New York. When Babcock lived in Lockport, he took frequent walks along the Niagara Escarpment to enjoy the overlook's panoramic vista of upstate New York scenery and Lake Ontario, telling his wife he was \"\"going out to see the Father's world\"\". She published a poem by Babcock shortly after his death, entitled \"\"This is My Father's World\"\". Now sung as a well-known hymn, its verses are: A large stained glass window was installed in 1905 at Brown Memorial Presbyterian Church in Babcock's memory. \"\"The Holy City\"\", by", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20531885", "chunk_text": "\"Franklin L. Sheppard\"\ndied on February 15, 1930 in Philadelphia. Franklin L. Sheppard Franklin L. Sheppard (1852-1930) was a well-known Christian hymn composer who set the poem, \"\"This is My Father's World\"\", to music. Sheppard was born on August 7, 1852 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sheppard attended William Fewsmith’s Classical School and the University of Pennsylvania where he graduated as valedictorian in 1872. In 1875, Sheppard moved to Boston, Massachusetts, to run the foundry for his father’s stove and heater manufacturing company. Shepard attended the Zion Protestant Episcopal Church in Boston, but later switched to Presbyterianism. He eventually joined the Second Presbyterian Church in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10761513", "chunk_text": "\"The Columbiad\"\nThe Columbiad The Columbiad (1807) is a philosophical epic poem by the American diplomat and man of letters Joel Barlow. It grew out of Barlow's earlier poem \"\"The Vision of Columbus\"\" (1787). Intended as a national epic for the United States it was popular with the reading public for a few years, and was compared with Homer, Virgil and Milton, but it has since been for the most part dismissed as an overblown and tedious failure. \"\"The Columbiad\"\" had its origins in \"\"The Vision of Columbus\"\", a philosophical poem begun in 1780 and continued through Barlow's service as a military", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4928267", "chunk_text": "\"Thinking (poem)\"\nThinking (poem) \"\"Thinking\"\" is a poem written by Walter D. Wintle, a poet who lived in the late 19th and early 20th century. Little to nothing is known about any details of his life. \"\"Thinking\"\" is also known as \"\"The Man Who Thinks He Can\"\". In the 20th century, different versions of the poem have been published. To this date, it is unknown which version correctly represents the original version, but it is strongly believed that the version below, published at least as early as 1905 (\"\"Unity\"\" College Magazine), embodies the original and unaltered poem. The exact date of the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "6412317", "chunk_text": "\"Luceafărul (poem)\"\nLuceafărul (poem) Luceafărul (originally spelled \"\"Luceafĕrul\"\"; variously rendered as \"\"The Morning Star\"\", \"\"The Evening Star\"\", \"\"The Vesper\"\", \"\"The Daystar\"\", or \"\"Lucifer\"\") is a narrative poem by Romanian author Mihai Eminescu. It was first published in 1883, out of Vienna, by Romanian expatriates in Austria-Hungary. It is generally considered Eminescu's masterpiece, one of the greatest accomplishments in Romanian literature, and one of the last milestones in Europe's Romantic poetry. One in a family or \"\"constellation\"\" of poems, it took Eminescu ten years to conceive, its final shape being partly edited by the philosopher Titu Maiorescu. During this creative process, Eminescu distilled", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14698555", "chunk_text": "\"Grey Eye Glances\"\nGrey Eye Glances Grey Eye Glances is an American band from the Philadelphia area. Their name is a quote from Edgar Allan Poe's poem \"\"To One in Paradise\"\". Keith, Nobel & O'Dell began playing together in the early 1990s, and quickly amassed a dedicated following by performing their original material at Borders bookstores up and down the East Coast. They were originally named Sojourn and released two albums (Songs of Leaving and Further On) but had to surrender the name to another group with an earlier claim. Their following helped foster sales of two independently released albums, \"\"Songs of Leaving\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10708408", "chunk_text": "\"Prayer of Columbus\"\nPrayer of Columbus \"\"Prayer of Columbus\"\" is a poem written by American poet Walt Whitman. The poem evokes the enterprising spirit of the Christopher Columbus in a God-fearing light, who rediscovered the North American continent in 1492, leading to the colonization of the Americas by the emerging European powers. Although the Viking Leif Ericson has generally been credited as having discovered the North American continent roughly 500 years earlier, Columbus' rediscovery has had a more lasting impact on the colonization trends that continued until around the onset of World War I. Thus, Whitman's poem serves as a fitting tribute to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7060688", "chunk_text": "\"A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle\"\nA Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle is a long poem by Hugh MacDiarmid written in Scots and published in 1926. It is composed as a form of monologue with influences from stream of consciousness genres of writing. A poem of extremes, it ranges between comic and serious modes and examines a wide range of cultural, sexual, political, scientific, existential, metaphysical and cosmic themes, ultimately unified through one consistent central thread, the poet's affectively charged contemplation, looking askance at the condition of Scotland. It also includes extended and complex responses to figures from", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3814304", "chunk_text": "\"Lucerna Laudoniæ\"\nLucerna Laudoniæ Lucerna Laudoniæ is a hymn tune by David Evans (\"\"E.Arthur\"\") [1874–1948], commonly used for the text For the beauty of the earth, composed in 1927 and copyright (until expiration at the end of 2018) to Oxford University Press. Lucerna Laudoniæ was composed by \"\"E.Arthur\"\" and published in the Revised Church Hymnary in 1927. The copyright is currently held by Oxford University Press, although under the seventy-year rule is set to expire at the end of 2018 (since the composer died in 1948). Although the hymn tune was written for the text For the beauty of the earth, it", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14060130", "chunk_text": "\"Ariel (poem)\"\nAriel (poem) \"\"Ariel\"\" is a poem written by the American poet Sylvia Plath. It was written on her thirtieth birthday, October 27, 1962, and published posthumously in the collection \"\"Ariel\"\" in 1965, of which it is the namesake. Despite its ambiguity, it is literally understood to describe an early morning horse-ride towards the rising sun. Scholars and literary critics have applied various methods of interpretation to \"\"Ariel\"\". \"\"Ariel\"\" is composed of ten three-line stanzas with an additional single line at the end, and follows an unusual slanted rhyme scheme. Literary commentator William V. Davis notes a change in tone and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7632847", "chunk_text": "\"If—\"\nWilliams recited a version of the poem for International Women’s Day 2017, substituting ‘woman’ for ‘man’. In July 2018 students of Manchester University painted over a mural with the poem written on it, and replaced it with \"\"Still I Rise\"\" by Maya Angelou, saying that Kipling “dehumanised people of colour”. If— \"\"If—\"\" is a poem by English Nobel laureate Rudyard Kipling, written circa 1895 as a tribute to Leander Starr Jameson. It is a literary example of Victorian-era stoicism. The poem, first published in \"\"Rewards and Fairies\"\" (1910), is written in the form of paternal advice to the poet's son,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13416260", "chunk_text": "\"Cursor Mundi\"\nCursor Mundi Cursor Mundi (Latin for \"\"Runner of the World\"\") is an anonymous Middle-English historical and religious poem of nearly 30,000 lines written around 1300 A.D. The poem summarizes the history of the world as described in the Christian Bible and other sources, with additional material drawn primarily from the Historia Scholastica. It is found, either complete or as a fragment, in ten manuscripts, and in two distinct versions: a so-called \"\"Northern\"\" original and a southern adaptation. The southern adaptation has been described as \"\"an attempt to tailor an older text to a changing market.\"\" The \"\"Cursor Mundi\"\" is divided", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "215271", "chunk_text": "\"Brahma (poem)\"\nthe Brahma appears as the only speaker, sustaining the continuity of the work. That the spirit is the only speaker signifies not only its absolute nature but also its sustaining power, upon which the existence of entire universe metaphorically, the poem is based. Brahma (poem) \"\"Brahma\"\" is a poem by Ralph Waldo Emerson, written in 1856. It is named for Brahman, the universal principle of the Vedas. BRAHMA is one of the poems composed by Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American transcendentalist of the nineteenth century. The poem is composed in the form of an Utterance- a form which comprises sublime", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_298	what is the name of the hyena in lion king?	n/a	[ "Banzai", "Shenzi", "Ed" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "694286", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King\"\nking. He tricks Simba and his best friend Nala—to whom Simba is betrothed—into exploring a forbidden elephants' graveyard, where they are attacked by three spotted hyenas, Shenzi, Banzai, and Ed, who are in league with Scar. Mufasa is alerted about the incident by his majordomo, the hornbill Zazu, and rescues the cubs. Though upset with Simba, Mufasa forgives him and explains that the great kings of the past watch over them from the night sky, from which he will one day watch over Simba. Scar sets a trap for his brother and nephew, luring Simba into a gorge and having", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "694288", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King\"\nas the new king, allowing his three hyena minions and the rest of their large pack to live in the Pride Lands. Simba collapses in a desert and is rescued by Timon and Pumbaa, a meerkat and warthog, who are fellow outcasts. Simba grows up in the jungle with his two new friends, living a carefree life under the motto \"\"hakuna matata\"\" (\"\"no worries\"\" in Swahili). Now a young adult, Simba rescues Timon and Pumbaa from a hungry lioness, who turns out to be Nala. She and Simba reunite and fall in love, and she urges him to return home,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14952647", "chunk_text": "Hyena\nLike It\"\", Act IV. Sc.1. Bud and Lou, from the DC Comics, are also hyenas and are pets of Harley Quinn. Hyenas are also featured in Disney's animated features, such as \"\"Dumbo\"\", \"\"Lady and the Tramp\"\", \"\"Noah's Ark\"\", \"\"Bedknobs and Broomsticks\"\", and \"\"The Lion King\"\". Among hyenas, only the spotted and striped hyenas have been known to become man-eaters. Hyenas are known to have preyed on humans in prehistory: Human hair has been found in fossilised hyena dung dating back 195,000 to 257,000 years. Some paleontologists believe that competition and predation by cave hyenas (\"\"Crocuta crocuta spelaea\"\") in Siberia was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14952646", "chunk_text": "Hyena\n1 Samuel 13:18. The modern Hebrew word for hyena is \"\"tzavoa`\"\", which is similar to the word \"\"tsavua`\"\" meaning \"\"colored\"\". Though the Authorized King James Version of the Bible interprets the term \"\"`ayit tsavua`\"\" (which appears in Jeremiah 12:9) as \"\"speckled bird\"\", Henry Baker Tristram argued that it was most likely a hyena being mentioned. The vocalisation of the spotted hyena resembling hysterical human laughter has been alluded to in numerous works of literature: \"\"to laugh like a hyæna\"\" was a common simile, and is featured in \"\"The Cobbler's Prophecy\"\" (1594), \"\"Webster's Duchess of Malfy\"\" (1623) and Shakespeares \"\"As You", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "694300", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King\"\nFor the hyenas, the original intention was to reunite Cheech & Chong, but while Cheech Marin accepted to play Banzai, Tommy Chong was unavailable. Thus his role was changed into a female hyena, Shenzi, who was voiced by Whoopi Goldberg. Matthew Broderick was cast as adult Simba early during production, and during the three years of voice acting only recorded with another actor once, and only discovered Moira Kelly voiced Nala at the premiere. English actors Tim Curry and Malcolm McDowell were originally considered for the role of Scar, however, Curry left the role due to \"\"\"\", and it was", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8732235", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King 1½\"\nWait to Be King\"\", Mufasa's fight with the Hyenas, and Scar's conspiring with the hyenas. Eventually, the pair are caught in the wildebeest stampede that killed Mufasa in the original film, and are thrown off a waterfall. Exhausted, Timon decides to give up, until Pumbaa discovers a luxurious green jungle. The pair finally settle there with the philosophy of \"\"Hakuna Matata\"\". Eventually, Timon and Pumbaa encounter Simba in a nearby desert, nearly dead. The pair rescue him and decide to raise him under their philosophy. Years later, Nala appears after chasing Pumbaa and reunites with Simba. Believing \"\"Hakuna Matata\"\" to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "694287", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King\"\nthe hyenas drive a large herd of wildebeest into a stampede that will trample him. He informs Mufasa of Simba's peril, knowing the king will rush to save his son. Mufasa saves Simba but ends up hanging perilously from the gorge's edge. Scar refuses to help Mufasa, instead sending him falling to his death. He then convinces Simba that the tragedy was Simba's own fault and advises him to leave the kingdom. He orders the hyenas to kill the cub, but Simba escapes. Scar tells the pride that both Mufasa and Simba were killed in the stampede and steps forward", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1058717", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King 1½\"\nunder the hyenas. However, the last few get stuck, prompting Timon to dive underground and break them himself. The cave-in commences, and the hyenas are ejected through the tunnels. Immediately afterwards, Scar is defeated by Simba. Simba accepts his place as king of the Pride Lands, thanking Timon and Pumbaa for helping him. Timon takes Ma, Uncle Max, and the meerkat colony to live in the predator-free jungle to complete his \"\"Hakuna Matata\"\"; and he is praised as their hero. Once Timon finishes his backstory, Ma, Uncle Max, Simba, Rafiki, and eventually many other Disney characters join him and Pumbaa", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16306330", "chunk_text": "\"The Fearless Hyena\"\nThe Fearless Hyena The Fearless Hyena is a 1979 Hong Kong action comedy kung fu film written, directed by and starring Jackie Chan. The film has been released on several alternative titles internationally, including: Ching Hing-lung (Jackie Chan) is a youngster, living in a remote village with his grandfather, kung fu master Ching Pang-fei (James Tien). Lung does not take his training seriously enough, he gambles, and he gets into fights which lead him to display the skills his grandfather has told him he must keep secret. Lung briefly finds employment selling coffins, working for an unscrupulous proprietor (Dean Shek),", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19233829", "chunk_text": "\"Nala (The Lion King)\"\nin \"\"The Lion King\"\" (1994) as the daughter of Sarafina and the best friend of Simba, who she often accompanies on his adventures throughout the Pride Lands. Simba invites Nala to visit the forbidden Elephant Graveyard with him, despite his father Mufasa's orders. The cubs are soon ambushed by Shenzi, Banzai and Ed, a trio of hyenas chosen by Simba's treacherous uncle Scar to kill Simba in order to improve his own chances of becoming king, but are ultimately rescued by Mufasa. The following day, however, Nala is devastated to learn from Scar that both Simba and Mufasa have perished", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9758181", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King (franchise)\"\npast to roar with him. Going against tradition, Kion chooses non-lions to be members of his guard; his friends Bunga the honey badger, Ono the egret, Beshte the hippo, and Fuli the cheetah. A television movie which premiered July 29, 2017 on Disney Channel during season 2 of \"\"The Lion Guard\"\". As the dry season begins, the Lion Guard continues to protect the Pride Lands, and Rafiki takes on an apprentice named Makini. Meanwhile, Janja the hyena and his clan, along with their new ally Ushari the cobra, orchestrate events that allow them to summon the spirit of Scar in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "4017548", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King II: Simba's Pride\"\nJim Cummings as the voice of Scar. In the Pride Lands of Africa, King Simba and Queen Nala's newborn daughter, Kiara, is presented to the assembled animals by Rafiki, a baboon who serves as shaman and advisor. Simba's father Mufasa proudly watches over the ceremony from the Heavens above. Kiara becomes annoyed with her father's overprotective parenting. Simba assigns Timon and Pumbaa, a meerkat and warthog, to follow her. After entering the forbidden \"\"Outlands,\"\" Kiara meets a young cub, Kovu, and they escape from crocodiles while befriending each other. When Kovu retaliates to Kiara's playing, Simba confronts the young cub", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16306332", "chunk_text": "\"The Fearless Hyena\"\nYing Yee clan name. This comes to the attention of evil kung fu master Yam Tin-fa (Yam Sai-kwoon), who finds and kills Lung's grandfather. But, Lung eventually takes revenge for his grandfather's murder after undergoing rigorous training from The Unicorn (Chan Wai-lau). \"\"Fearless Hyena\"\" features several unusual fight scenes, including a chopsticks duel (homage later paid in the cartoon film, Kung Fu Panda), Hing-lung fighting disguised as a cross-eyed mentally retarded man, disguised as a woman, and using \"\"Emotional Kung-Fu\"\", a style that involves vividly displaying the emotions of anger, sorrow, joy and happiness to find the opponent's weakness thus", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12659241", "chunk_text": "\"Scar (The Lion King)\"\nScar (The Lion King) Scar is a fictional character who appears in Disney's \"\"The Lion King\"\" franchise. Scar was created in 1989 by screenwriters Irene Mecchi, Jonathan Roberts, and Linda Woolverton, and animated by Andreas Deja. The Pride Lands' reclusive heir presumptive, Scar is introduced in the first film as Simba's uncle and Mufasa's younger brother. Originally first-in-line to Mufasa's throne until he is suddenly replaced by Simba, Scar decides to lead an army of hyenas in his plot to take the throne by killing Mufasa and exiling Simba, ultimately blaming his brother's death on his nephew. Loosely based on", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15250825", "chunk_text": "\"Scar (The Lion King)\"\nKion. Scar (The Lion King) Scar is a fictional character who appears in Disney's \"\"The Lion King\"\" franchise. Scar was created in 1989 by screenwriters Irene Mecchi, Jonathan Roberts, and Linda Woolverton, and animated by Andreas Deja. The Pride Lands' reclusive heir presumptive, Scar is introduced in the first film as Simba's uncle and Mufasa's younger brother. Originally first-in-line to Mufasa's throne until he is suddenly replaced by Simba, Scar decides to lead an army of hyenas in his plot to take the throne by killing Mufasa and exiling Simba, ultimately blaming his brother's death on his nephew. Loosely based", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12369224", "chunk_text": "\"Kimba the White Lion\"\nthe one-eyed Claw and Scar, the sage baboons Dan'l Baboon and Rafiki, the animated birds Pauley Cracker and Zazu, and the pair of hyena sidekicks (it was a trio in the Disney film). \"\"The Lion King\"\" co-director Rob Minkoff deflected criticism of similarities in the characters by stating it was \"\"not unusual to have characters like a baboon, a bird or hyenas\"\" in films set in Africa. Matthew Broderick has said that when he was hired as the voice of adult Simba in \"\"The Lion King\"\", he presumed the project was related to \"\"Kimba the White Lion\"\". \"\"I thought he", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1058707", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King 1½\"\nhis mother Ma, Timon dreams for more in life than his colony's bleak existence hiding from predators. One day, he is assigned as a sentry, but his daydreaming nearly leads to the near-death of his Uncle Max by hyenas Shenzi, Banzai and Ed. This becomes the last straw for the colony, prompting Timon to leave to find a better life. He meets Rafiki, who teaches him about \"\"Hakuna Matata\"\" and advises him to \"\"look beyond what you see\"\". Timon takes the advice literally and observes Pride Rock in the distance. Believing Pride Rock to be his paradise home, Timon ventures", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "694290", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King\"\nSimba over his role in Mufasa's death and backs him to the edge of the rock, where he reveals to him that he murdered Mufasa. Enraged, Simba pins Scar to the ground and forces him to reveal the truth to the rest of the pride. Timon, Pumbaa, Rafiki, Zazu, and the lionesses fend off the hyenas while Scar, attempting to escape, is cornered by Simba at the top of Pride Rock. Scar begs for mercy and attempts to blame the hyenas for his actions; Simba spares his life, but orders him to leave the Pride Lands forever. Scar attacks his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19844817", "chunk_text": "\"Spotted hyena\"\nChurch, hyenas are unclean animals which represent sexual deviancy and lawlessness. The Egyptian Saint \"\"abba\"\" (Father) Matewos of Asfoni was associated with hyenas; one fable tells of how he rescued a cub trapped in a pit, and had his feet licked in gratitude by its mother. In Ethiopian folklore, an albino hyena called the \"\"King of Hyenas\"\" is ascribed great power. Some ethnic groups in Ethiopia associate themselves with hyenas; the Gurage traditionally believe that their ancestors migrated from Arabia to Ethiopia using hyenas as mounts. In Dorze tradition, the highest Demuṣa-priests have the ability to control hyenas, and will", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16306333", "chunk_text": "\"The Fearless Hyena\"\nfighting whilst crying or laughing. The film grossed a total of HK$5,445,535 at the Hong Kong box office. The Fearless Hyena The Fearless Hyena is a 1979 Hong Kong action comedy kung fu film written, directed by and starring Jackie Chan. The film has been released on several alternative titles internationally, including: Ching Hing-lung (Jackie Chan) is a youngster, living in a remote village with his grandfather, kung fu master Ching Pang-fei (James Tien). Lung does not take his training seriously enough, he gambles, and he gets into fights which lead him to display the skills his grandfather has told", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1742956", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King (franchise)\"\nthrone for himself and tells Simba about an elephant graveyard, a place where Mufasa has warned Simba not to go. When Simba and his best friend Nala go to the place, Shenzi, Banzai and Ed, three hyenas aligned with Scar, attack and try to kill the two cubs, but they are stopped by Mufasa. Scar's next plan is to lure Simba into a gorge while the hyenas create a wildebeest stampede. Alerted by Scar, Mufasa races to rescue Simba from the stampede. He saves his son but is left clinging to the edge of a cliff, which results in Scar", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15250797", "chunk_text": "\"Scar (The Lion King)\"\nMufasa. Cleverly trapping Simba in a vast gorge, Scar signals his hyena minions, Shenzi, Banzai and Ed, to trigger a wildebeest stampede. Although Mufasa saves Simba, the king is weakened, and unable to climb out of the gorge to safety. When Mufasa begs Scar for help, Scar instead throws his brother to his death below. Convincing Simba that he is to blame for Mufasa's death, Scar advises the prince to run away and never return, then orders the hyenas to pursue and kill him. With his brother murdered and his nephew presumed dead, Scar returns to Pride Rock and tells", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17622473", "chunk_text": "\"Spotted hyena\"\nSpotted hyena The spotted hyena (\"\"Crocuta crocuta\"\"), also known as the laughing hyena, is a hyena species, currently classed as the sole member of the genus \"\"Crocuta\"\", native to Sub-Saharan Africa. It is listed as being of least concern by the IUCN on account of its widespread range and large numbers estimated between 27,000 and 47,000 individuals. The species is, however, experiencing declines outside of protected areas due to habitat loss and poaching. The species may have originated in Asia, and once ranged throughout Europe for at least one million years until the end of the Late Pleistocene. The spotted", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11963751", "chunk_text": "Hyena\nThough feared, striped hyenas were also symbolic for love and fertility, leading to numerous varieties of love medicine derived from hyena body parts. Among the Baluch and in northern India, witches or magicians are said to ride striped hyenas at night. The striped hyena is mentioned in the Bible. The Arab word for the hyena, \"\"ḍab`\"\" or \"\"ḍabu`\"\" (plural \"\"ḍibā`\"\"), is alluded to in a valley in Palestine known as Shaqq-ud-Diba` (meaning \"\"cleft of the hyenas\"\") and Wadi-Abu-Diba` (meaning \"\"valley of the hyenas\"\"). Both places have been interpreted by some scholars as being the Biblical Valley of Tsebo`im mentioned in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12919859", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King (musical)\"\nthe record previously held by \"\"The Phantom of the Opera\"\". \"\"The Lion King\"\" musical has grossed nearly as of 2017. As the sun rises, Rafiki the mandrill calls the animals to Pride Rock. She greets King Mufasa and Queen Sarabi before presenting their cub to the gathered animals (\"\"Circle of Life\"\"). Elsewhere, Mufasa's brother, Scar, laments his lost chance at becoming King. Back at her baobab tree, Rafiki paints an image of the cub and asks the spirits to conjure the new prince's name: Simba. Time passes and Simba grows into a lively young cub (\"\"Grasslands Chant\"\"). Mufasa shows Simba", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8196278", "chunk_text": "\"The Madness of King Scar\"\nfrom the character Nala. The title is a reference to the 1994 film \"\"The Madness of King George\"\". Opening the musical's second act, \"\"The Madness of King Scar\"\" primarily consists of dialogue between Scar, Nala, Zazu, and the hyenas Shenzi, Banzai, and Ed following Scar's rise to power due to Mufasa's death. The lyrics revolve around Scar's paranoia, specifically his anxiety on the comparisons between himself and Mufasa, and his plan to produce an heir for his kingdom with Nala. Scholars had various interpretations of the song's lyrics and composition, who felt it used stream-of-consciousness to portray Scar as a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9591065", "chunk_text": "Simba\nkilled Mufasa. Furious, Simba tackles Scar and forces him into announcing this to the pride, initiating a battle between Simba's pride of lionesses, Timon, Pumbaa and Scar's army of hyenas. Simba eventually defeats Scar and throws him into a pit, where he is cornered and killed by the hyenas, who overheard Scar blame them for what he'd done. Simba then takes his rightful place as king. When the kingdom returns to its former glory, the animals welcome the birth of King Simba and Queen Nala's firstborn. A direct-to-video sequel released in 1998, \"\"Simba's Pride\"\" takes place shortly after the events", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14952663", "chunk_text": "Hyena\noff evil and to ensure love and fertility. Hyena Hyenas or hyaenas (from Greek ὕαινα \"\"hýaina\"\") are any feliform carnivoran mammals of the family Hyaenidae . With only four extant species (in three genera), it is the fifth-smallest biological family in the Carnivora, and one of the smallest in the class Mammalia. Despite their low diversity, hyenas are unique and vital components of most African ecosystems. Although phylogenetically they are closer to felines and viverrids, and belong to the feliform category, hyenas are behaviourally and morphologically similar to canines in several elements of convergent evolution; both hyenas and canines are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11963725", "chunk_text": "Hyena\nHyena Hyenas or hyaenas (from Greek ὕαινα \"\"hýaina\"\") are any feliform carnivoran mammals of the family Hyaenidae . With only four extant species (in three genera), it is the fifth-smallest biological family in the Carnivora, and one of the smallest in the class Mammalia. Despite their low diversity, hyenas are unique and vital components of most African ecosystems. Although phylogenetically they are closer to felines and viverrids, and belong to the feliform category, hyenas are behaviourally and morphologically similar to canines in several elements of convergent evolution; both hyenas and canines are non-arboreal, cursorial hunters that catch prey with their", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17622438", "chunk_text": "\"Striped hyena\"\nBoth places have been interpreted by some scholars as being the Biblical Valley of Zeboim mentioned in 1 Samuel 13:18. The Hebrew word for hyena is \"\"tzebua\"\" or \"\"zevoa\"\", which literally means \"\"howling creature\"\". Though the King James Version of the Bible interprets this word (which appears in the Book of Jeremiah 12:9) as referring to a \"\"speckled bird\"\", Henry Baker Tristram argued that it was most likely a hyena being mentioned. In Gnosticism, the Archon Astaphaios is depicted with a hyena face. The striped hyena is sometimes implicated in the killing of livestock, particularly goats, sheep, dogs and poultry.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15250796", "chunk_text": "\"Scar (The Lion King)\"\nScar was depicted as Hitler. Although hesitant that then-Disney Animation chief Jeffrey Katzenberg would approve, the filmmakers ultimately decided to pursue it, describing the sequence as a \"\"\"\"Triumph of the Will\"\"-style mock-Nuremberg rally.\"\" The \"\"St. Louis Post-Dispatch \"\"reviewed, \"\"those goose-stepping hyenas seem a little much in hindsight,\"\" while Film School Rejects coined it a \"\"hellish gathering.\"\" Scar debuted in \"\"The Lion King\"\" (1994). The jealous younger brother of Mufasa, Scar was next-in-line to take the throne until his nephew Simba, Mufasa's son, was born, replacing him. Determined to regain his birthright, Scar devises a plan to kill both Simba and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "7277861", "chunk_text": "\"Criticism of The Walt Disney Company\"\nfeature the theme of the circle of life. Alleged similarities in the characters, beginning with the protagonist lion cubs \"\"Kimba\"\" and \"\"Simba\"\", include the evil lions, the one-eyed Claw and Scar, the sage baboons Dan'l Baboon and Rafiki, the animated birds Pauley Cracker and Zazu, and the pair of hyena sidekicks (it was a trio in the Disney film). \"\"The Lion King\"\" co-director Rob Minkoff deflected criticism of similarities in the characters by stating it was \"\"not unusual to have characters like a baboon, a bird or hyenas\"\" in films set in Africa. Both films feature the protagonist looking up", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "694289", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King\"\ntelling him the Pride Lands have become a drought-stricken wasteland under Scar's reign. Feeling guilty over his father's death, Simba refuses and storms off. He encounters Rafiki, who tells him that Mufasa's spirit lives on in Simba. Simba is visited by the ghost of Mufasa in the night sky, who tells him he must take his rightful place as king. Realizing that he can no longer run from his past, Simba decides to return to the Pride Lands. Aided by his friends, Simba sneaks past the hyenas at Pride Rock and confronts Scar, who had just struck Sarabi. Scar taunts", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9758185", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King (franchise)\"\nthe Pride Lands and defends the Circle of Life. As leader of the Lion Guard, Kion is gifted with a power called the Roar of the Elders which when used, causes the great lion spirits of the Pride Lands' past to roar with him. \"\"The Lion Guard\"\" is a sequel to \"\"The Lion King\"\" and takes place during the time-gap within the 1998 film, \"\".\"\" Various characters from the first two films also make appearances in the show, including Kiara, Timon, Pumbaa, Rafiki, Zazu, and Mufasa. New characters Bunga the honey badger, Ono the egret, Beshte the hippo, and Fuli", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19844831", "chunk_text": "\"Spotted hyena\"\non the species' scavenging habits, their potential to rob graves and their perceived cowardice. During the 20th century, Western and African stereotypes of the spotted hyena converged; in both Ernest Hemingway's \"\"Green Hills of Africa\"\" and Disney's \"\"The Lion King\"\", the traits of gluttony and comical stupidity, common in African depictions of hyenas, are added to the Western perception of hyenas being cowardly and ugly. After the release of \"\"The Lion King\"\", hyena biologists protested against the animal's portrayal: one hyena researcher sued Disney studios for defamation of character, and another who had organized the animators' visit to the University", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12919868", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King (musical)\"\nage. Back at the elephant graveyard, Scar tells the hyenas of his plan to kill Mufasa and Simba so that he can become king. He raises an army of hyenas, promising that they will never go hungry again if they support him (\"\"Be Prepared\"\"). Scar takes Simba to a gorge and tells him to wait there. On Scar's signal, the hyenas start a wildebeest stampede into the gorge (\"\"The Stampede\"\"). Scar tells Mufasa that Simba is trapped in the gorge. Mufasa leaps into the stampede and manages to save his son, but as he tries to escape, Scar throws him", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13367109", "chunk_text": "\"Timon and Pumbaa\"\nand Nala from the hyenas (\"\"I see \"\"carnivores\"\"\"\"); the hyenas marching to \"\"Be Prepared\"\" (\"\"something tells me this ain't the traveling company of Riverdance\"\"); and the wildebeest stampede (\"\"Shall we run for our lives?\"\" \"\"Oh yes, let's.\"\"). Finally, they reach a beautiful oasis and are enjoying life until they find a collapsed Simba. After rescuing Simba, Timon and Pumbaa find themselves with their hands full trying to keep up with the mischievous cub. The film also shows more of Simba's life with Timon and Pumbaa before Nala came along, stating that Simba had beaten Timon in every bug-eating contest they", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17622598", "chunk_text": "\"Spotted hyena\"\nresearch leading to the composition of his monograph \"\"The Spotted Hyena: A Study of Predation and Social Behavior,\"\" Hans Kruuk kept a tame hyena he named Solomon. Kruuk found Solomon's company so congenial, he would have kept him, but Solomon had an insatiable taste for \"\"cheese in the bar of the tourist lounge and bacon off the Chief Park Warden's breakfast table\"\", and no door could hold him back, so Solomon was obliged to live out his days in the Edinburgh Zoo. Spotted hyena The spotted hyena (\"\"Crocuta crocuta\"\"), also known as the laughing hyena, is a hyena species, currently", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11963744", "chunk_text": "Hyena\nbrown hyenas will feign death, though the spotted hyena will defend itself ferociously. The spotted hyena is very vocal, producing a number of different sounds consisting of whoops, grunts, groans, lows, giggles, yells, growls, laughs and whines. The striped hyena is comparatively silent, its vocalisations being limited to a chattering laugh and howling. Mating between hyenas involves a number of short copulations with brief intervals, unlike canids, who generally engage in a single, drawn out copulation. Spotted hyena cubs are born almost fully developed, with their eyes open and erupting incisors and canines, though lacking adult markings. In contrast, striped", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12058547", "chunk_text": "\"Timon & Pumbaa (TV series)\"\nDisney animated film \"\"The Lion King\"\" and its sequels. Set after the events of the original film, the series involves the characters having misadventures in the jungle of Africa, as well as across the globe in various settings such as Canada, Britain, the United States and Spain. While the show focuses primarily on Timon and Pumbaa, it has four episodes centering respectively on Rafiki and the hyena trio Shenzi, Banzai, and Ed, which are under the names \"\"Rafiki Fables\"\" and \"\"The Laughing Hyenas\"\", and two episodes centering on Zazu. The following characters from \"\"The Lion King\"\" appear in this series:", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9428488", "chunk_text": "\"The Jungle King\"\nin the continent between Africa and Asia, The film is about an anthropomorphic lion named King Maximilian III. A grumpy, selfish and obnoxious king who rules the main part of the continent in a unpopular monarchy. He has mainly been creating all kinds of preposterous laws that have no reason to be present. His main royal servants, Chancellor Hyena (with his parrot assistant, Ricardo) and gorilla General Glump, constantly flatter and cajole towards him. Meanwhile, Max's twin brother, Irwin, who is kind and friendly, is enjoying his life illustrating his birds. Back at the Monarchy, Both Max and Chancellor are", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "20618744", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King\"\ncast that includes Matthew Broderick, James Earl Jones, Jeremy Irons, Jonathan Taylor Thomas, Moira Kelly, Nathan Lane, Ernie Sabella, Rowan Atkinson, Robert Guillaume, Madge Sinclair, Whoopi Goldberg, Cheech Marin, and Jim Cummings. The story takes place in a kingdom of lions in Africa and was influenced by William Shakespeare's \"\"Hamlet\"\". \"\"The Lion King\"\" tells the story of Simba, a young lion who is to succeed his father, Mufasa, as King of the Pride Lands; however, after Simba's paternal uncle Scar murders Mufasa, Simba is manipulated into thinking he was responsible and flees into exile. Upon maturation living with two wastrels,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17622455", "chunk_text": "\"Brown hyena\"\nBrown hyena The brown hyena (\"\"Hyaena brunnea\"\", formerly \"\"Parahyaena brunnea\"\"), also called strandwolf, is a species of hyena found in Namibia, Botswana, western and southern Zimbabwe, southern Mozambique and South Africa. It is currently the rarest species of hyena. The largest remaining brown hyena population is located in the southern Kalahari Desert and coastal areas in Southwest Africa. The brown hyena inhabits desert areas, semi-desert, and open woodland savannahs. It can survive close to urban areas by scavenging. The brown hyena favors rocky, mountainous areas, as they provide shade and it is not dependent on the ready availability of water", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "1209921", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King (musical)\"\ncircle, but are scared away by Timon the meerkat and Pumbaa the warthog. Simba feels responsible for Mufasa's death, but the duo take the cub to their jungle home and show him their carefree way of life and bug diet (\"\"Hakuna Matata\"\"). Simba grows to adulthood in the jungle. The chorus, dressed in colorful clothes with ornate bird puppets and kites, begin the Second Act (\"\"One by One\"\"). As the song ends, however, the beautiful birds are replaced by vultures and gazelle skeletons. Under Scar's rule, the Circle of Life is out of balance and a drought has hit the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11963726", "chunk_text": "Hyena\nteeth rather than claws. Both eat food quickly and may store it, and their calloused feet with large, blunt, nonretractable claws are adapted for running and making sharp turns. However, the hyenas' grooming, scent marking, defecating habits, mating and parental behaviour are consistent with the behaviour of other feliforms. Spotted hyenas may kill as many as 95% of the animals they eat, while striped hyenas are largely scavengers. Generally, hyenas are known to drive off larger predators, like lions, from their kills, despite having a reputation in popular culture for being cowardly. Hyenas are primarily nocturnal animals, but sometimes venture", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12919861", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion King (musical)\"\nto go. Meanwhile, the lionesses go hunting (\"\"The Lioness Hunt\"\"). Simba arrives and asks his best friend, a female cub named Nala, to come with him to the elephant graveyard. He lies to the lionesses about where they are going, and Sarafina (Nala's mother) and Sarabi allow the cubs to go, escorted by Zazu. Simba and Nala formulate a plan and manage to lose Zazu, while Simba brags about his future position (\"\"I Just Can't Wait to Be King\"\"). The cubs go to the graveyard and begin to explore. Zazu catches up, but they are confronted by three hyenas: Shenzi,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11192638", "chunk_text": "Hyena\nThe spotted hyena (\"\"Crocuta crocuta\"\") diverged from the striped and brown hyena 10 million years ago. Its direct ancestor was the Indian \"\"Crocuta sivalensis\"\", which lived during the Villafranchian. Ancestral spotted hyenas probably developed social behaviours in response to increased pressure from rivals on carcasses, thus forcing them to operate in teams. Spotted hyenas evolved sharp carnassials behind their crushing premolars, therefore they did not need to wait for their prey to die, as is the case for brown and striped hyenas, and thus became pack hunters as well as scavengers. They began forming increasingly larger territories, necessitated by the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3348473", "chunk_text": "\"Be Prepared (Disney song)\"\nto Me\"\") was about Scar introducing the hyenas to the lionesses after he pronounced himself king and when the lionesses opposed him. This idea was scrapped in favor of the song in the film, later called \"\"Be Prepared\"\". A reprise of the song after Mufasa's death was also cut from the film, but is featured in the musical version. In the beginning of the second verse, an army of hyenas is shown goose-stepping in front of Scar, who is perched on an overlooking cliff in resemblance of Adolf Hitler with upwards of 22 beams of light pointing straight-up (resembling the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17622452", "chunk_text": "\"Striped hyena\"\nhyenas raised in captivity can form bonds with them. Striped hyena The striped hyena (\"\"Hyaena hyaena\"\") is a species of hyena native to North and East Africa, the Middle East, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. It is listed by the IUCN as near-threatened, as the global population is estimated to be under 10,000 mature individuals which continues to experience deliberate and incidental persecution along with a decrease in its prey base such that it may come close to meeting a continuing decline of 10% over the next three generations. It is the smallest of the true hyenas", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19844663", "chunk_text": "\"Striped hyena\"\nStriped hyena The striped hyena (\"\"Hyaena hyaena\"\") is a species of hyena native to North and East Africa, the Middle East, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. It is listed by the IUCN as near-threatened, as the global population is estimated to be under 10,000 mature individuals which continues to experience deliberate and incidental persecution along with a decrease in its prey base such that it may come close to meeting a continuing decline of 10% over the next three generations. It is the smallest of the true hyenas and retains many primitive viverrid characteristics lost in larger", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]
test_299	where does the white witch live in narnia?	n/a	[ "her castle" ]	[]	n/a	n/a	n/a	[]	[ { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "999289", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\ncomes at a cost: her skin is bleached white, and the evil in her heart causes her eternal misery. She cannot stand the sight of the tree that Aslan has Digory plant in Narnia from the fruit of the garden, and she thus stays to the north of Narnia, working to develop her magic. Meanwhile, the land of Narnia remains the domain of animals (chosen animals are given the ability to speak, and become pillars of society) and is not troubled by the Witch nor any other enemy for many hundreds of years. In \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 0 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385638", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\noppose her - to bring any human they come across to her. By the time the Pevensie children arrive in Narnia, Jadis has ruled for 100 years. She first meets Edmund Pevensie while riding on her sledge through the land of Narnia, enchants him with magical Turkish delight, and tempts him to betray his siblings by offering to make him her heir and bring them to Narnia with him, although at this stage only Edmund and his sister Lucy have been in Narnia. The four Pevensie children all arrive in Narnia together soon afterwards, and Edmund strays to the Witch", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 1 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "999288", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nnot work there. Digory, seeking to correct his mistake, attempts to transport her back to Charn, but they end up instead in the world of Narnia at the moment of its creation by the lion Aslan. As Aslan approaches, she attacks him with the rod of iron she has torn by main strength from a London lamp post; but when this has no effect, she flees. Jadis makes her way to the garden on a mountain west of Narnia, where she eats an apple that she believes will make her immortal and give her eternal life. However, this supposed immortality", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 2 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385645", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nEdmund, who have been recalled to Narnia after Caspian blows Susan's horn. On the orders of Aslan and the newly-crowned King Caspian, Narnia is now a land in which humans and talking animals are encouraged to integrate and have equal rights – although a small number of Telmarines accept Aslan's offer of building a new life for themselves on Planet Earth, on the Pacific island where their pirate ancestors had entered Narnia through a cave in the past. Jadis does not appear in \"\"The Voyage of the Dawn Treader\"\", though the stone knife she used to kill Aslan at the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 3 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385648", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nform to lure away Caspian's son Rilian and place him under an enchantment in the underworld, only for Eustace Scrubb and Jill Pole to reach the underworld with their guide, Puddleglum the marshwiggle, and rescue Rilian - who kills the Green Lady before they make their return to Narnia. An extraordinarily beautiful, tall and imposing woman, Jadis enchants Digory Kirke, Andrew Ketterley and Edmund Pevensie on first encounters. She is seven feet tall, as were all members of the Royal Family of Charn. After eating the fruit of eternal life, her skin becomes as white as paper. A natural-born sorceress", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 4 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10958895", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\nPauline Baynes, and her work has been retained in many later editions. Most of the novel is set in Narnia, a land of talking animals and mythical creatures that one White Witch has ruled for 100 years of deep winter. In the frame story, four English children are relocated to a large, old country house following a wartime evacuation. The youngest visits Narnia three times via the magic of a wardrobe in a spare room. All four children are together on her third visit, which verifies her fantastic claims and comprises the subsequent 12 of 17 chapters except for a", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 5 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8546695", "chunk_text": "\"Narnia (world)\"\nin the north of Calormen, just south of the Great Desert. Gardens and pleasure houses line the river valley for several miles above the city. North of the river, on the margins of the desert, lie the royal tombs. The city of Azim Balda, to the south of Tashbaan, is a hub where many roads meet; it hosts the government's postal system. Narnia never was on very good terms with Calormen, because of Calormen's desire to dominate the countries around it. However, Narnia's strong association with magic - both that of The White Witch and of Aslan and the humans", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 6 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385632", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nyear 1000, meaning that she lived for well over 1,000 years. In \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\", Jadis is introduced as the Queen of Charn, a city in an entirely different world from Narnia. She was the last of a long line of kings and queens, who began well but grew evil over many generations and conquered the entire world of Charn. Jadis, a powerful sorceress, fought a bloody war of rebellion against her sister. On the point of defeat, Jadis chose not to submit, but spoke instead the Deplorable Word that destroyed all life on Charn except her own. She then", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 7 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8546723", "chunk_text": "\"Narnia (world)\"\nand the Wardrobe\"\" — for this wardrobe became the entrance through which the Pevensies would discover Narnia. During the Age of Conquest, Narnia remained at peace for hundreds of years after its creation until Jadis the Witch-Queen returned as the White Witch in 898. She conquered Narnia and reigned as a tyrant in 900, using her wand to turn anyone who crossed her into stone. With her magic she covered the land in perpetual ice and snow, making it \"\"always winter and never Christmas\"\"; so began Narnia's Age of Winter. Though she claimed to be Queen of Narnia and Châtelaine", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 8 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385636", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nWardrobe\"\", set 1,000 Narnian years after the events of \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\", Jadis has usurped power over Narnia after the tree that kept her at bay had died. Now known as the White Witch, she is served by various races including Wolves (who make up her secret police), Black Dwarves, Giants, Werewolves, Tree Spirits that are on her side, Ghouls, Boggles, Ogres, Minotaurs, Cruels, Hags, Spectres, People of the Toadstools, Incubi, Wraiths, Horrors, Efreets, Orknies, Sprites, Wooses, Ettins, Poisonous Plant Spirits, Evil Apes, Giant Bats, Vultures, and creatures that according to C. S. Lewis are \"\"so horrible that if I", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 9 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385651", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nwand, whose magic is capable of turning people into stone. The petrified remains of her enemies decorate the halls of her castle. Her other powers, which she immediately loses after entering another world, include the ability to disintegrate objects and individuals, read minds, control the minds of animals (She does possibly retain or regain this power in Narnia) and the terrifying power of the Deplorable Word - the latter of which wipes out every living thing on a planet except for the speaker. For the brief period of time that Jadis is on Earth, she is shown to have no", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 10 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385650", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nsubmit to her sister's authority, and shows afterward a remorseless pride in her actions. Though her magic disappears when she leaves Charn, she manages to build it up again in Narnia's world, exercising both her previous experience and her privilege to witness a new world's dawning, to become again a sorceress of formidable power. In her own dominion, Charn, Jadis is extremely powerful; but she finds her magic largely useless in other worlds. She eventually strengthens her powers and usurps the throne of Narnia, using her magic to cast the land into perpetual winter. Her most feared weapon is her", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 11 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8546718", "chunk_text": "\"Narnia (world)\"\npools of water. With appropriate magic (or a device such as rings made from the soil), each pool leads to a different world. The Wood between the Worlds seems to affect the magic and strength of the White Witch, who becomes weak and ill when taken there. Earth visitors to Narnia typically find that a visit to Narnia lasts longer in Narnia (sometimes much longer) than the corresponding period of their absence from Earth. How much longer appears to be arbitrary. For example, in \"\"The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe\"\", Lucy's first visit to Narnia lasts hours and the", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 12 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "27413", "chunk_text": "Charn\ncompletely destroyed after Jadis and the children left. Later, when Aslan and the children are in the Wood between the Worlds, Aslan shows them that the puddle leading to Charn is dried up, as the empty world has been destroyed. Jadis entered Narnia with the humans from Earth, and 900 years later appears as the White Witch in \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\", ruling that land for 100 years until Aslan returned and defeated her with the aid of the four Pevensie children. The name \"\"Charn\"\" suggests \"\"charnel house,\"\" a repository for human skeletal remains. The hall of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 13 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14837372", "chunk_text": "\"Narnia (world)\"\naround the Narnian year 570 (mentioned in the Last Battle), that the White Witch Jadis returns to Narnia around year 898 (corresponding roughly with her hundred-year reign), that King Ram of Archenland succeeds Cor in 1050 (as stated, without the year in \"\"The Horse and His Boy\"\"), and that Queen Swanwhite lived around the year 1502 (also mentioned in \"\"The Last Battle\"\"). Narnia (world) Narnia is a fantasy world created by C. S. Lewis as the primary location for his series of seven fantasy novels for children, \"\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\". The world is so called after the country of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 14 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385643", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\na deeper magic from before Narnia's founding, that Aslan's life will be restored, as he was a willing innocent victim who had offered his life in a traitor's stead. Aslan then runs to her castle and restores all her statues to life. He brings them as reinforcements to the battle at Beruna against the witch's army. Her army is defeated, and Aslan himself kills Jadis. Most of her followers are killed and the remnants of her army who do not surrender flee and are later killed by Aslan's followers. In \"\"Prince Caspian\"\", 1,300 years after her death, Narnia has been", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 15 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385630", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nWhite Witch Jadis is the main antagonist of \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\" and of \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\" in C. S. Lewis's series, \"\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\". She is commonly referred to as the White Witch in \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\", as she is the Witch who froze Narnia in the Hundred Years Winter. Some recent editions of the books include brief notes, added by later editors, that describe the cast of characters. As Lewis scholar Peter Schakel points out, the description there of Jadis and the Queen of Underland (the main antagonist of \"\"The", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 16 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385647", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nanimals and humans who now inhabit Narnia. Glimfeather the Owl speculates that the Green Lady may be \"\"of the same crew\"\" as the White Witch. This has led to speculation by some readers that Jadis and the Lady of the Green Kirtle may be the same person. Lewis's text does not support this (See \"\"Lady of the Green Kirtle\"\" for further discussion). Lewis never clarifies the Green Lady's origins, or what connection she has to the White Witch. The \"\"Green Lady\"\" had first entered Narnia in serpent form and killed the wife of King Caspian, and later re-emerged in human", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 17 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8546715", "chunk_text": "\"Narnia (world)\"\nreaches the sea. Narnia's stars are shining sentient beings that occasionally come to the various worlds in humanoid form. Its constellations are the result of a mystical dance upon the sky, performed by the stars to announce the works and comings of Aslan, Narnia's creator. The stars also arrange themselves to allow seers to foretell certain future events. Constellations include the Ship, the Hammer, and the Leopard. The Narnian sun is a flaming disc that revolves around the world once daily. The sun has its own ecosystem, and is thought to be inhabited by great white birds, which appear in", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 18 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15289462", "chunk_text": "\"Edmund Pevensie\"\nNarnia through the wardrobe, and is the second of the Pevensie children to go to Narnia, after following Lucy to mock her during a game of hide and seek. He walks some distance into the forest, convinced that he will find Lucy, but instead he meets the White Witch (who introduces herself as the Queen of Narnia) and eats some enchanted Turkish delight, which causes an addiction in the person who eats it. As a result, he promises the Witch that he will bring his siblings to her castle, not knowing that she intends to kill them all to prevent", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 19 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12892603", "chunk_text": "\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\nto the last and are welcomed into Aslan's Kingdom. Jadis, commonly known during her rule of Narnia as the White Witch, is the main villain of \"\"The Lion, The Witch and the Wardrobe\"\" and \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\" – the only antagonist to appear in more than one Narnia book. In \"\"The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe\"\", she is the witch responsible for the freezing of Narnia resulting in the Hundred Year Winter; she turns her enemies into statues and kills Aslan on the Stone Table, but is killed by him in battle after his resurrection. In \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\"", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 20 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385652", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nmagical power, but to retain her phenomenal strength. This is demonstrated when she battles with Metropolitan Police in London, wielding the cross-bar she wrenched from a lamp post. The same cross-bar was taken into the new world that would become Narnia, and grew into the full lamp post encountered by Lucy Pevensie many years later. The voice of Jadis was provided by Elizabeth Counsell in Focus on the Family's radio drama versions of \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\" and \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\". Counsell also made a cameo appearance as a lamb in \"\"The Last Battle\"\". In the BBC", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 21 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "9335281", "chunk_text": "\"Susan Pevensie\"\nPeter only discover Narnia after their younger siblings have already been there: their sister Lucy has been there twice but was not believed, and Edmund reaches Narnia once at the same time as Lucy, but spitefully denies it to support the suggestion that she made it up. But when the four attempt to avoid Mrs. Macready, the housekeeper of the large country house in Dorset in which they are staying during London's air raids, all four find the passage to Narnia at the back of the wardrobe they are hiding in. In the original novel, Susan is advised to stay", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 22 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385640", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nbeen greeted with a hostile reception from the White Witch after arriving at her castle alone, and even more so after informing her that Aslan had arrived in Narnia. The harshness of the Witch's winter had made Edmund realize that he had been wrong in thinking that her side was the right side to be on, and he realized the full extent of her evil when he witnessed her turning a party of creatures into stone after their revelation that Father Christmas had been in Narnia - much to the Witch's horror after she had banished him. After Edmund's siblings", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 23 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385631", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nSilver Chair\"\") \"\"states incorrectly that the Queen of Underland is an embodiment of Jadis\"\". Beyond characterising the two as \"\"Northern Witches\"\", Lewis's text does not connect them. See \"\"Lady of the Green Kirtle\"\" for further discussion. Jadis was born on an unknown date long before the creation of Narnia. In \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\" she is identified as a descendant of Adam's first wife (Lilith) and the giants: (This reference to Lilith is a tribute to the fantasy novel with this title by George MacDonald, a literary hero of C.S. Lewis.) Jadis died in battle in Narnian", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 24 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10450537", "chunk_text": "Charn\nCharn Charn is a fictional city appearing in the 1955 book \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\", book six in C. S. Lewis's Chronicles of Narnia, written as a prequel to \"\"The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe\"\". Charn, and the world of which it is the capital city, are the birthplace of Jadis, the evil White Witch who later takes over Narnia. When visited briefly by Digory and Polly, the protagonists of the novel, the city is totally deserted, lifeless and crumbling, under a dying sun. Rivers have dried up, and neither weeds nor insects live. All life on the world of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 25 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385646", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nStone Table is found on Ramandu's island by three of the Seven Great Lords of Narnia. Disagreeing on what course to take, one of them takes up the knife to use against the other two, whereupon all three fall into an enchanted sleep. The knife may be intended as an analogy to the Holy Lance, the spear used to pierce Jesus Christ, according to the Gospel of John. In \"\"The Silver Chair\"\", 1,356 years after her death, Jadis is called one of the \"\"Northern Witches\"\", along with the Lady of the Green Kirtle - a new enemy to the good", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 26 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3836334", "chunk_text": "\"Mr. and Mrs. Beaver\"\nMr. and Mrs. Beaver Mr. and Mrs. Beaver are fictional characters in C. S. Lewis's The Chronicles of Narnia. In \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\" they are instrumental in conveying the Pevensie children to Aslan, and they appear briefly in the final novel \"\"The Last Battle\"\". In \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\", Mr. Beaver encounters the Pevensies in the snow-covered Narnian woods, when they have left the ransacked cave of Tumnus the faun, after they discover that Tumnus has been arrested by the White Witch's police. Mr. Beaver introduces himself and takes him back to his", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 27 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12892614", "chunk_text": "\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\nrole in all of these events. The history of Narnia is generally divided into the following periods: creation and the period shortly afterwards, the rule of the White Witch, the Golden Age, the invasion and rule of the Telmarines, their subsequent defeat by Caspian X, the rule of King Caspian and his descendants, and the destruction of Narnia. Like many stories, the narrative is not necessarily always presented in chronological order. Lewis's early life has parallels with \"\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\". At the age of seven, he moved with his family to a large house on the edge of Belfast.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 28 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10958897", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\nfinds a magic wardrobe providing a portal to a forest in a land called Narnia. At a lamppost oddly located in the forest, she meets Tumnus, a faun, who invites her to tea in his home. There he confesses that he invited her not out of hospitality, but with the intention of betraying her to the White Witch. The witch has ruled Narnia for years, using magic to keep it frozen in a perpetual winter. She has ordered all Narnians to turn in any humans (\"\"Sons of Adam\"\" or \"\"Daughters of Eve\"\") they come across; but now that Tumnus has", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 29 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "930408", "chunk_text": "\"The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\nreturns to Professor Kirke's house, hardly any time has passed, and her siblings disbelieve her story. One night, Edmund follows Lucy into the wardrobe, entering Narnia. While searching for Lucy, he meets the White Witch, who claims to be queen. She offers him tea and Turkish Delight and the prospect of becoming king if he brings his siblings to her castle. After she departs, Edmund and Lucy meet again and return. Lucy tells Peter and Susan what happened, but Edmund lies. Professor Kirke suggests she is telling the truth, though they remain unconvinced. While running away from Mrs. Macready after", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 30 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385642", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nthe life of Edmund as a traitor. She accepts Aslan's offer of his own life as substitute, knowing that without him the Pevensies cannot stand against her. Aslan keeps this pact a secret from his followers. Jadis has her followers bind Aslan at the Stone Table as an ogre shaves his mane. She tells him that his sacrifice won't save Edmund and that he has given him Narnia forever; then she kills him with a stone knife. Susan and Lucy, who have followed Aslan from their encampment, witness the killing from bushes nearby. Jadis is unaware, however, that due to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 31 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "930407", "chunk_text": "\"The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\nexplains he is unaccustomed to hosting children. While the Pevensies play hide-and-seek, Lucy discovers a wardrobe and enters the fantasy world called Narnia. Seeing a lamppost, Lucy encounters the faun Mr. Tumnus, who invites her to his home. He puts Lucy to sleep by playing a lullaby on his flute. When Lucy wakes up, she finds Tumnus grieving. He explains that Jadis, the White Witch, has cursed Narnia to a hundred years of winter. If a human is encountered, they are to be brought to her. Tumnus cannot bring himself to kidnap Lucy, so he sends her home. When she", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 32 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385644", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\nconquered by the Telmarines, a human race who believe they have wiped out Narnia's population of mythical beings and talking animals, but have actually only driven them into hiding. Under the disinherited Telmarine heir Caspian they rebel, but when their fight to expel the Telmarines goes badly, a black dwarf (Nikabrik), a hag, and a wer-wolf (to use Lewis's spelling) plan to resurrect Jadis to fight for them, as they consider her a lesser evil than the current ruler, King Miraz. They are then killed in a melee which involves Caspian, his tutor Dr Cornelius, and the returning Peter and", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 33 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "10958900", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\nthe wardrobe. Lucy guides them to Tumnus's cave, but they find it ransacked, with a notice from Jadis (the White Witch) proclaiming his arrest for harbouring humans. Mr. Beaver, a talking animal, finds and befriends the children, and takes them to his den. There, he and Mrs. Beaver tell them of a prophecy that the Witch's power will fail when two Sons of Adam and two Daughters of Eve sit in the four thrones at Cair Paravel. Aslan, the great lion and the rightful King, has been absent for many years but is now \"\"on the move again\"\" in Narnia.", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 34 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "3385637", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\ntold you, your parents probably wouldn't let you read this book.\"\" Her magic is now powerful, and she has acquired a wand with which she can turn enemies to stone if they displease or attempt to challenge her in any way. She styles herself \"\"Her Imperial Majesty Jadis, Queen of Narnia, Chatelaine of Cair Paravel, Empress of the Lone Islands\"\", and she casts Narnia into an endless winter with no Christmas. She fears a prophecy that four humans, two sons of Adam and two daughters of Eve, will cause her downfall, and orders all Narnians - including those who might", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 35 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17034078", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\nWitch's supporters, and Aslan kills the Witch himself. Aslan breathes life into those she has turned to stone on the battlefield, and Lucy uses her magic cordial to revive the wounded, starting with Edmund. The Pevensie children are crowned kings and queens of Narnia at Cair Paravel, and soon afterward, Aslan slips away and disappears. The land enjoys a Golden Age under the four siblings' rule. Fifteen years later, the four rulers chase a wish-granting white stag through the forest. There they rediscover the lamppost, and feel that they have seen it before. They soon find their way through branches", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 36 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13824663", "chunk_text": "\"Hundred-Year Winter\"\nHundred-Year Winter The Hundred-Year Winter is a time period in the fictional Narnia universe created by C.S. Lewis. It takes place from 900–1000 Narnia time. The White Witch Jadis cast a spell to make it Winter all year round, but never reaches Christmas. But throughout the story, Aslan is entering Narnia and his presence weakens The White Witch, Jadis, causing Spring and Father Christmas to slowly appear. Aslan also brings Peter, Lucy, Susan, and Edmund to Narnia to fulfill the Prophecy of The Four Thrones (\"\"When two daughters of Eve and two sons of Adam sit together in throne at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 37 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "17034080", "chunk_text": "\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\ntwo beavers) with a feast, weapons, and magical items. After the restoration of Narnia, a Tetrarchy is established with the four siblings as the rulers. At the Country Home The house that shelters the Pevensie children is run by a Professor, staffed by servants, and frequently toured by historians. Narnians The magical land of Narnia is populated by talking animals, mythological species, and sentient flora. Lewis described the origin of \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\" in an essay titled \"\"It All Began with a Picture\"\": Shortly before the Second World War many children were evacuated from London to", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 38 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "147609", "chunk_text": "\"Lucy Pevensie\"\nLucy Pevensie Lucy Pevensie is a fictional character in C. S. Lewis's \"\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\" series. She is the youngest of the four Pevensie children, and the first to find the Wardrobe entrance to Narnia in \"\"The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe\"\". Of all the Pevensie children, Lucy is the closest to Aslan. Also, of all the humans who have visited Narnia, Lucy is perhaps the one that believes in Narnia the most. She is ultimately crowned Queen Lucy the Valiant, co-ruler of Narnia along with her two brothers and her sister. Lucy is the central character of", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 39 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15718478", "chunk_text": "\"Narnia (world)\"\nthe Witch and the Wardrobe\"\" and in \"\"Prince Caspian\"\". Edmund and Lucy appear in \"\"The Voyage of the Dawn Treader\"\" and three (all except Peter, who is out fighting giants on the northern frontier) appear as adults in \"\"The Horse and his Boy\"\". Others from our world include King Frank, formerly a cabman in London, and his wife Queen Helen, who were the first King and Queen of Narnia and whose descendants lived in Narnia for many generations. They, together with Andrew Ketterley, Digory Kirke, and Polly Plummer appear in \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\". Eustace Scrubb, a cousin of the Pevensies,", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 40 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "12892632", "chunk_text": "\"The Chronicles of Narnia\"\nto many similar talking animals and mythical creatures, it is also accessed through a grandfather clock in the home of an uncle to whom five English children are sent during World War II. Moreover, the land is ruled by two Aslan-like rams named Ember and Umber, and terrorised by The Watcherwoman. She, like the White Witch, freezes the land in time. The book's plot revolves heavily around a place very like the \"\"wood between the worlds\"\" from \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\", an interworld waystation in which pools of water lead to other lands. This reference to \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\" is echoed", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 41 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "11425713", "chunk_text": "\"Lucy Pevensie\"\nthis marking the fulfilling of the ancient prophecy and the end of the White Witch's reign. During her reign, the people name her Queen Lucy the Valiant. She and her siblings make a Golden Age in Narnia. Late in the Golden Age, while hunting the white stag through Lantern Waste, she notices the lantern where she met Mr. Tumnus. She stops her siblings and they look and wonder what it is. Lucy, in a dreamy voice, says Spare Oom, Mr. Tumnus's phrase for the land from which they came 15 years earlier, and the children run through the wardrobe into", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 42 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "13703458", "chunk_text": "\"Stone Table\"\nproves to be a reliable fortress. Miraz's army surrounds the mound and is fought off when the four Pevensies and Aslan return to Narnia. Aslan's How is only mentioned once more in \"\"The Horse and His Boy\"\". In the \"\"Chronicles of Narnia\"\" film series, the place is shown in various ways: In \"\"The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe\"\", the Stone Table is the sacred place where Aslan is killed by Jadis, the White Witch. Around the edges of the table is writing, possibly Narnian, and extremely old. In the movie, Edmund Pevensie had committed a sin against his siblings", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 43 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "14837323", "chunk_text": "\"Narnia (world)\"\nNarnia enters the country from the northwest and flows to the Eastern Ocean. At its mouth lies Cair Paravel, the seat of High King Peter and his siblings. Other communities along the river include, from east to west, Beruna, Beaversdam, and Chippingford. The map jointly created by C.S. Lewis and Pauline Baynes shows the mainland portion of Narnia extending roughly 150 miles east and west, 100 miles north and south. Archenland is a mountainous country south of Narnia. It is bordered on the north by Narnia and on the south by the Winding Arrow river. The seat of government is", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 44 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "16612386", "chunk_text": "\"The Chronicles of Narnia (TV series)\"\nthat she is in the land of Narnia. He invites her back to his cave for tea, and tells her stories about what life was once like in Narnia, until it became an \"\"endless winter\"\". He then plays his flute and Lucy goes to sleep, but when she wakes up Tumnus is crying and he confesses that he is in the pay of the White Witch, who rules over Narnia and makes it \"\"always winter and never Christmas\"\". She had ordered him and all the other Narnians that if they ever saw a Son of Adam or Daughter of Eve", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 45 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "8546704", "chunk_text": "\"Narnia (world)\"\nhave grown rarer. This was one of the last: I do not say \"\"the\"\" last.\"\" So quite possibly others came to Narnia from our world as well, but Lewis did not record their histories for us. Jadis, the white witch, is said to be descended from Adam's first wife Lilith (see below). Dwarfs are native to Narnia. They are called Sons of Earth by Aslan, as opposed to humans, who are called Sons of Adam or Daughters of Eve. Dwarfs exist in at least two varieties: Black Dwarfs and Red Dwarfs, distinguished by the colour of their hair. While many", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 46 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "15718486", "chunk_text": "\"Narnia (world)\"\nthat seem to indicate that these two witches are the same, but these notes are not due to Lewis (See the Lady of the Green Kirtle for more discussion). Jadis has the appearance of a very tall human woman but is actually the last scion of the royal house of Charn as shown in \"\"The Magician's Nephew\"\". In later Narnian times her origin on Charn is not known to her subjects. Jadis claims human descent to legitimize her rule, but in Chapter 8 of \"\"The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe\"\" Mr. Beaver describes her as descended from a Jinn", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 47 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "19664385", "chunk_text": "\"The Chronicles of Narnia (TV series)\"\nthe Witch loses her balance and falls off the edge, killing her upon impact with the ground below. Peter, Susan, Edmund and Lucy are later crowned Kings and Queens of Narnia in Cair Paravel. They rule Narnia for many years, bringing peace and prosperity to the land. As adults, the four monarchs are passing through the forest when they come across the old lamp-post that marks the border of Narnia. They walk deeper, passing through the wardrobe door and find themselves back in the professor's house, and once again as children. Prince Caspian: The four Pevensie children are waiting at", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 48 }, { "bge_score": null, "chunk_id": "999287", "chunk_text": "\"White Witch\"\ncast a spell of enchanted sleep upon herself to await someone who could rescue her from Charn. Many years later, a 12-year-old Digory Kirke and his friend Polly Plummer arrive in the ruins of Charn through Digory's uncle's magic. The children find the bell that Jadis left to break the spell. Despite Polly's warning not to ring the bell, Digory does so. Jadis is awakened and by holding on to them is transported with them back to London in the year 1900. She initially aims to conquer the world to which she is transported, but finds that her magic does", "is_relevant": null, "oracle_score": null, "page_id": 49 } ]

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