weaviate/wiki-sample huggingface dataset:
Convict lease
Scholar Randall Shelden argues that the convict lease system created an incentive to convict black people.   Because the convict lease system brought in so much money, the states and counties had a reason to want to convict African-Americans.  This is why the people in Southern prisons became mostly African-American after the Civil War, Sheldon writes.  For example, in Louisiana's main prison in Nashville:
Super Bowl XLVI
Super Bowl XLVI (Super Bowl 46) was an American football game between  the National Football Conference (NFC) champion New York Giants and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots to decide the National Football League (NFL) champion for the 2011 season. The Giants defeated the Patriots by the score of 21–17. The game was played on February 5, 2012, at Lucas Oil Stadium in Indianapolis, the first time that the Super Bowl was played in the state of Indiana.
Kingdom (biology)
There is no agreement at present on how many kingdoms there are in the Eukarya. In 2009, Andrew Roger and Alastair Simpson said this: "With the current pace of change in our understanding of the eukaryote tree of life, we should proceed with caution".
June 23
1943  World War II: British destroyers HMS Eclipse and HMS Laforey sink the Italian submarine Asciangihi in the Mediterranean Sea, after she torpedoes the cruiser HMS Newfoundland.
The Prince and the Pauper
Then King Henry VIII dies. People prepare to make Tom the next King. At the crowning ceremony, Edward arrives and says that he is the real Prince. In the end, Tom and Edward can clear everything up. Edward becomes King of England. Tom Canty becomes "The King's Ward", a position in which he can live comfortably for the rest of his life. Miles Hendon is made an Earl. King Edward's rule is very good to the common and poor people, because he has lived that way for a while and knows how hard it is. But Edward dies when he is still very young.
Ross Lynch
, a group founded by a dance company in the Southern California. He has appeared in So You Think You Can Dance and has had guest appearances on the series Moises Rules!, And can even be see in the movie Grapple!  Anton Troy.
Vic Mensa
Leading up to the release of Mensa's first studio album, he released his third extended play The Manuscript on June 8, 2017. Three days later, Mensa announced and revealed the album's title of his first studio album titled The Autobiography. Mensa would release the lead single "Wings" featuring Pharrell Williams and Saul Williams on July 13. The Autobiography was released on July 28, 2017, through Roc Nation. The album featured guest appearances from Weezer, Syd, The-Dream, Chief Keef, Joey Purp, Pharrell Williams, Saul Williams, Ty Dolla Sign, and Pusha T. The album debuted at number 27 on the US Billboard 200 chart with first-week sales of 15,000 copies first week.
The Naked Truth
The Naked Truth is the fourth studio album by rapper Lil' Kim, released on September 27, 2005. This album was released on the first day of Kim's sentencing, in which she went to jail for nearly a year for lying in a court case that had involved Kim a few year back.
Richard Virenque
In December 2007, Virenque and his wife, Stéphanie, divorced. They had been together for 17 years. They have two children, Clara and Dario.
Moses Malone
Moses Eugene Malone (March 23, 1955 – September 13, 2015) was an American basketball player who played in both the American Basketball Association (ABA) and the National Basketball Association (NBA) from 1974 through 1995. He was a member of the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame.
Blackheath, London
The Roman road that later became known as Watling Street crosses the northern edge of Blackheath (almost in line with the A2).
Rite of passage
All people in every society and culture experience rites of passage. They happen differently, for various reasons, and at special times, depending on what society or culture the person comes from. Rites of passage celebrate and protect the person or people who are changing. They signify the transformation from one social status (e.g. coming of age), place (e.g. crossing a national border), condition (e.g. recovering from sickness), time (e.g. celebrating the new year), to the next.
2018–19 UEFA Europa League knockout phase
The first legs were played on 12 and 14 February, and the second legs were played on 20 and 21 February 2019.
Cosmic distance ladder
The astronomical unit is the mean (average) distance of the Earth from the Sun. This we know quite accurately. Kepler's Laws tell the ratios of the distances of planets, and radar tells the absolute distance to inner planets and artificial satellites in orbit around them.
Ýdalir
Bellows, Henry Adams (Trans.) (2004). The Poetic Edda: The Mythological Poems. Courier Dover Publicans.
Emil Zátopek
Emil Zátopek (19 September 1922 - 22 November 2000) was a Czechoslovak runner from town Kopřivnice. He is mostly known for winning 3 gold medals at the 1952 Summer Olympic games in Helsinki. He won in 5,000 metres, 10,000 metres runs and in marathon. He never ran a marathon before. But he decided at the last minute to start with others. He set former record with time 2:23:03,2.
Balakovo
The Saratov Hydroelectric Station on the Volga River and the Balakovo Nuclear Power Plant are in Balakovo. It is served by the Balakovo Airport which currently does not work. Balakovo has a rail connection to Moscow, and is an end destination for some train routes.
Jitsi
On November 4, 2014, "Jitsi + Ostel" scored 6 out of 7 points on the Electronic Frontier Foundation's secure messaging scorecard. They lost a point because there has not been a recent independent code check by people outside jitsi .
Deaths in January 2022
Freddy Thielemans, 77, Belgian politician, Mayor of Brussels (1994, 2001–2013), problems caused by a fall.
Shanghai International Circuit
Other events held at the circuit include a round of the MotoGP world championship, the Australian-based V8 Supercar championship, and also the final round of the A1 Grand Prix in 2006 and 2007.
Valéry Giscard d'Estaing
Born in Koblenz, Germany, Giscard d'Estaing began his political career as a Gaullist and slowly began to change his political thinking around the time he was the Minister of Finance when Jacques Chaban-Delmas and Pierre Messmer were prime ministers.
Pedal steel guitar
Pedal steels may have one or two "necks" that typically have 10 strings each. Some may have as many as 14. Unlike most other guitars, pedal steel guitars have reference lines on the fretboard. This is where frets would be, but there are no actual frets. The player changes the pitch of one or more strings by sliding a steel from one position to another while plucking the strings. Pedal steels are typically plucked with a thumb pick and fingers, or two or three fingerpicks. The pedals are mounted on a cross bar below the body. The action of the pedals may be fixed or changed by the player to select which strings the pedals affects. While there are some fairly standard pedal assignments, many advanced players devise their own setups, called copedents. The pedal steel evolved from the console steel guitar and lap steel guitar.
Norwegian Sea
Enforcement of environmental and fishing regulations has resulted in partial recovery of the herring populations since 1987. This recovery was accompanied by a decline of capelin and cod stocks. While the capelin benefited from the reduced fishing, the temperature rise in the 1980s and competition for food with the herring resulted in a near disappearance of young capelin from the Norwegian Sea. Meanwhile, the elderly capelin population was quickly fished out. This also reduced the population of cod – a major predator of capelin – as the herring was still too small in numbers to replace the capelin in the cod's diet.
Brook silverside
They reach sexual maturity by the first summer in order to reproduce. Some studies report that brook silversides reproduce by internal fertilization, although this has not been entirely confirmed. When the eggs are produced, they have an attached filament, which allows for the eggs to be deposited on wood, plants and rocks.
Richard Griffiths
Griffiths is mostly known for his roles as Harry Potter's Uncle Vernon Dursley in the Harry Potter movie series, Uncle Monty in Withnail and I, Henry Crabbe in Pie in the Sky, and as King George II in Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides. He won a Laurence Olivier Award, a Drama Desk Award, and a Tony Award.
Deaths in October 2020
Mohammad-Reza Shajarian, 80, Iranian classical singer-songwriter ("Night, Silence, Desert"), composer and calligrapher, problems caused by kidney cancer.
Teikō Shiotani
Itoshiki mono e: Shiotani Teikō: 1899–1988 () = To things beloved: Shiotani Teikō 1899–1988. Over three hundred plates; most texts in both Japanese and English but some in Japanese only. Edited by Noriko Tsutatani (); translated by Gavin Frew. Matsue, Shimane: Shimane Art Museum, 2017. . . The catalogue of an exhibition.
List of characters in the Camp Half-Blood series
Will Solace: The prefix "Sol" is the Roman name for Helios, also "sol" often refers to the Sun, and Apollo drives the sun chariot. Solace also means comfort or consolation during a time of sadness. Since Apollo is the god of medicine, and since people are distressed when in pain, this is an appropriate name. Son of Apollo.
Muncie, Indiana
Muncie is a city in Indiana in the United States. It is known as "Middletown USA" because many sociological studies were conducted there because it was said to be the typical American city. The population of Muncie in 2011 was 67,430 people.
Zehava Gal-On
As a Member of Knesset she was chairing the parliamentarian committee with regard to women trafficking, and criticized the Law of Return for being discriminatory.
Data breach
"Breaches Affecting 500 or More Individuals", Breaches reported to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services by (HIPAA-covered) entities
Curt Stern
Stern, Curt and Sherwood, Eva R. (eds) 1966. The origin of genetics: a Mendel source book. Freeman, S.F.
Dolphin Tale 2
Dolphin Tale 2 is a 2014 American family movie written and directed by Charles Martin Smith. It is the sequel to his 2011 movie Dolphin Tale. The movie stars Harry Connick Jr., Ashley Judd, Nathan Gamble, Cozi Zuehlsdorff, Kris Kristofferson, Morgan Freeman, Juliana Harkavy, Austin Stowell, Betsy Landin, Austin Highsmith and Tom Nowicki with Bethany Hamilton.
Deaths in July 2016
Sharon Runner, 62, American politician, member of the California State Assembly (20022008) and Senate (20112012, 20152016), complications from respiratory failure.
Mount Stromlo
The rock on Mount Stromlo is ignimbrite from a volcanic eruption during the upper Silurian period. This is covering rhyodacite from a much earlier period, which can be seen on the surface on the lower slopes in the east and southeast sides.  The northern lower slopes are covered with a calcareous shale also from the Silurian period.  This is cut off on the northwest side by the Winslade Fault, which heads northeast to Cook and Kaleen.  A spur fault heads off east from the Winslade Fault to under the Scrivener Dam.  On the other side (northwest and north) of these faults are middle Silurian period rhyodacite volcanic deposits.  The northern side has been uplifted compared with the southern side.
Flynn effect
IQ tests are re-normalized every so often to hold the average score for an age group at 100. This gave a first hint to Flynn that the IQ was changing over time. The revised versions are standardized on new samples and scored with respect to those samples only. The only way to compare the difficulty of two versions is to have a group of people take both tests. This confirms IQ gains over time.
Compliance (medicine)
Some drugs are difficult to take, because they must be taken at a specific time or interval; sometimes, several drugs must be taken together. This is seen as a major obstacle to compliance.  Other factors that may adversely influence compliance are that many patients do not understand the benefits of being treated, or they see side-effects that they were not told about, the drugs costing a lot of money, poor communication or lack of trust between the patient and their health-care provider. Efforts to improve compliance have been aimed at simplifying drug packaging, providing effective medication reminders, improving patient education, and limiting the number of medications prescribed at the same time.
Saturday Night (Aaron Carter song)
Saturday Night is a single by American pop singer Aaron Carter. The song was a soundtrack for his 2005 film Popstar. The song gotten RIAA's Golden Award. The video shows that Aaron with partying with his friends and invites the people who had hard time to the party with him. At the end, he made his cheography.
Ornithischia
There is strong evidence that certain groups of ornithischians lived in herds, often segregated by age group, with juveniles forming their own flocks separate from adults.
Otto Rehhagel
Rehhagel is one of two people to have played in more than 1,000 Bundesliga matches as a player and coach (the other being Jupp Heynckes). In the Bundesliga, he holds the records for most wins (387), most draws (205) and most losses (228), with his team scoring more goals (1,473) and conceding goals (1,142) than any other team. From 1981 to 1995 he worked as manager for Werder Bremen, winning the Bundesliga twice with them and the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1992. After a rather unfortunate intermezzo at Bayern Munich, he sensationally won the Bundesliga with  promoted team 1. FC Kaiserslautern.
Vincent Dekker
In 2004 Dr. P. Vasterman, media-sociologist and assistent professor at the Amsterdam University - wrote a dissertation about the relation between media hypes and health issues in the aftermath of disasters (bron: 'Ziek van de ramp of van het nieuws over de ramp?). He proved a relationship between social unrest in the Bijlmer and the publications in the Dutch media. Also Dutch journalists had an internal discussion about the way that they had handled the newspaper publications during and after the Bijlmer accident to answer the question if they had truthfully and reliably informed the public. An article was published in 'De groene Amsterdammer'.
List of music recording sales certifications
VII Swedish sales figures provided refer to "Pop" albums.  A separate scale is used for jazz, classical, and folk music albums: sales exceeding 10,000 and 20,000 for Gold and Platinum awards respectively.
Jalal Talabani
Talabani died of a cerebral hemorrhage as complications from a stroke at a hospital in Berlin on 3 October 2017 at the age of 83.
List of minor planets: 129001–130000
| 129291 ||  || — || September 26, 2005 || Goodricke-Pigott || R. A. Tucker || HYG || align=right | 5.7 km ||
Frosted Flakes
Frosted Flakes has been the primary sponsor of the NASCAR Nextel Cup #5 Hendrick Motorsports Chevrolet since 2000.
Blackfoot, Idaho
Blackfoot is a city in Idaho in the United States. According to the 2020 United States Census, 12,346 people lived there.
House of Lords
The House of Lords is not elected (voted for), except in the case of the holders of the seats reserved for hereditary peers (who are chosen by the House or by other hereditary peers in their parties).
Division by zero
Most people would probably recognize the above "proof" as incorrect, but the same argument can be presented in a way that makes it harder to spot the error. For example, if 1 is written as x, then 0 can be hidden behind x-x and 2 behind x+x. The above-mentioned proof can then be displayed as follows:
Lotus Cars
Lotus was responsible for the development of the Campro engine together with Proton, as well as its variable valve timing system, the Cam Profile Switching (CPS). Currently available in the 1.6-litre and 1.3-litre variants, the Campro engine now powers most of Proton's newer models.
Paul Ryan
On October 9, 2015, after the resignation of Speaker of the House John Boehner, Ryan confirmed that he might run for speaker. Ryan confirmed on October 22 that he would seek the speakership after receiving the endorsements of two factions of House Republicans, including the conservative Freedom Caucus. On October 29, Ryan was elected Speaker with 236 votes. He is the youngest Speaker since James G. Blaine in 1875. As Speaker, Ryan has had a role in passing the Every Child Suceeds Act, a big school reform law. He has been a major expert on the government budget, and worked with Senator Patty Murray to pass a budget before he was speaker. Ryan was the Speaker of the House during the 2016 Presidential election. On Wednesday, April 11, 2018, Speaker Ryan announced his intent not to re-election saying he will be retiring in January, at the end of his current term.
Romesh Chandra
Romesh Chandra (30 March 1919 – 4 July 2016) was an Indian leader of the Communist Party of India (CPI). He took part in the Indian independence movement as student leader of CPI after joining it in 1939. He held many posts within the party. He became president of the World Peace Council in 1977.
Olga Carmona
In her first season as a professional player, Carmona played 25 matches and scored five goals for the team Sevilla. They finished in the 12th position. In 2007, she joined the youth team of Sevilla FC and stayed there for nine years. During the 2016–17 season, Carmona moved up to the first team, which played in the second division of Spanish soccer, known as Segunda División. In her first year with the team, they got promoted to the top division, called Primera División. For the next three years, her team ranked in the middle of the league. Carmona also got to the semi-finals of two domestic cup tournaments, the 2018–19 and 2019–20, but her team Sevilla lost to Real Sociedad and FC Barcelona, respectively.
Hereditary monarchy
In Europe, the Holy Roman Empire was an elective monarchy, but for many hundreds of years, only the head of the Habsburg family was elected. In 1806, the Holy Roman Emperor abolished the empire and instead became the Emperor of Austria, a hereditary monarch.
Rocky Mount, North Carolina
The economy of the Rocky Mount metropolitan area was mostly focused on agriculture  and making textiles in the past. It has added pharmaceuticals and manufacturing. Distribution and logistics are important to local businesses because the city is located near a lot of highways and railways. The area has a strong service sector and a lot of financial and customer support buildings are here.
Second Epistle of Peter
The epistle mentions many verses in the Old Testament. In Chapter 3, verses 15 and 16 one of Paul's letters is mentioned. This is probably 1 Thessalonians chapters 4 and 5. Peter calls Paul's writings scripture and mentions that they are hard to understand so that some people try to change their meaning.
The Big Bang Theory (season 1)
Dr. Leonard Hofstadter (from New Jersey) and Dr. Sheldon Cooper (from Texas) are physicists. In the first episode, Penny moves to the apartment across the hall from them. Penny is a waitress from Nebraska. Leonard wants to start a relationship with her but she wants to be friends.
Elena Verdugo
Verdugo was born in Paso Robles, California. She married Charles R. Marion from 1946 until they divorced in 1955. Then, she married Charles R. Rosewall from 1972 until his death in 2012. She had one child with Marion.
Fundamental attribution error
In social-psychology, fundamental attribution error is the phenomenon where people judge other people and themselves in a different way. The person tends to judge other people's good behavior as them having a good personality and the person also judges other people's bad behavior as them having a bad personality. The error comes from the fact that the person judges themselves on the context or situation and not on personality. This can lead people to assume others are bad people instead of them making a mistake.
1990
February 17 – Aerosmith appears in the Saturday Night Live sketch Wayne's World, where they perform the Wayne's World theme song.
Death Certificate (album)
The album was very controversial because of Ice Cube's statements on drug dealing, racial profiling and the right to bear and keep firearms.
Breage
The church was built of granite in the 15th century: on the north wall are five medieval wall paintings. A Roman milestone of the 3rd century is preserved in the church and in the churchyard there is an unusual Hiberno-Saxon cross head.
Alphonse of Poitiers
Alphonse of Poitiers or Alfonso or Alphonse (11 November 1220 – 21 August 1271) was the Count of Poitou from 1225 and Count of Toulouse (as Alfonso II) from 1247.
Civil marriage
A civil marriage is a marriage that is recognized by a government official. It can either be a religious ceremony or it can be secular. The definition and practice varies greatly between countries.
Suzuka Circuit
The circuit can be used in three configurations: the full "Grand Prix" circuit, the "East" circuit, and the "West" circuit. The "East" course is made of the main pit straight to the first half of the Dunlop curve (turn 7). It then leads back to the pit straight via a tight right-hand turn. The "West" course is made up of the other part of the full circuit, with the pit stop at the straight before the 130R corner.
William the Conqueror
The battle of Val-es-Dunes was the start of William's rise to power. As the king had stepped in it was more his victory than William's.  But William's nobles now began to see him as a leader. He could now think about taking a wife. Shortly before 1049 William decided to marry Matilda of Flanders. She was the daughter of Baldwin V of Flanders and Adela of France, who was the daughter of King Robert II of France. Before it could take place Pope Leo IX refused to allow the marriage. He did not give a reason but the two were cousins. Some time between 1050 and 1052 the two married anyway. But it wasn't until 1059 that another pope, Nicholas II, lifted the ban on their marriage.
Treaty of Tordesillas
The Treaty of Tordesillas was a treaty between Portugal and Spain in 1494. The countries decided to divide up all the land in the Americas between Portugal and Spain. However, Natives had no say in this treaty. The Spanish Pope Alexander VI was the Pope at the time of the treaty. The Pope drew an imaginary line on a map. This line was 2,193 kilometers to the west of the Cape Verde Islands. He gave Portugal the land to the east of this line and gave Spain the land to the west of this line. The purpose of the treaty was to resolve conflict.
May Sabai Phyu
In 2008, May Sabai Phyu started the Women’s Protection Technical Working Group during Cyclone Nargis. After the storm, 14 out of every 100 families were headed by women, many of them widows.  Because of this, more women were in the sex trade for money or food. The Working Group helped women to find housing, sex education, and jobs.
African Sanctus
African Sanctus is the best-known of Fanshawe's works.  It was composed after Fanshawe had made journeys to Africa up the river Nile between 1969 and 1973.  The shape of his journey forms the shape of a cross.  This had a religious meaning for Fanshawe.  He made recordings on tape of the people he met singing their traditional music.  A lot of this music had never been recorded before.  When he returned home to Britain he composed the African Sanctus.  Some of the recordings he had made in Africa are played as part of the performance.  The choir who sing live at the concert are singing some of the words of the traditional Christian Latin Mass.
Tobias Strobl
Strobl was born in Munich-Pasing, and made his Bundesliga debut for 1899 Hoffenheim on 11 February 2012 in a 1–1 away draw with Werder Bremen.
List of minor planets: 8001–9000
| 8031 Williamdana || 1992 ER ||  || March 7, 1992 || Kushiro || S. Ueda, H. Kaneda || — || align=right | 4.8 km ||
Romanian alphabet
The Romanian alphabet is a variant of the Latin alphabet used by the Romanian language. It is a modification of the classical Latin alphabet and consists of 31 letters. Five of the letters (Ă, Â, Î, Ș, and Ț) have been changed from their Latin originals for the phonetic requirements of the language: