Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: The Radio Shack TRS-80 Color Computer (also marketed as the Tandy Color Computer and affectionately nicknamed CoCo) is a line of home computers based on the Motorola 6809 processor.  The Color Computer was launched in 1980, and lasted through three generations of hardware until being discontinued in 1991.
Paragraph 2: Spectral Associates was an American maker of computer games for the TRS-80 Color Computer.  It was founded in 1980 and was defunct as sometime in the late 1980s.  Spectral Associates sold their software through Radio Shack and via direct sales.  It was a very prolific game company for the TRS-80 Color Computer I and II in its heyday.
Paragraph 3: Fortress of the Mutant Waffles is a game written for the Radio Shack TRS-80 Color Computer by Andrew Pakerski and published in 1983 by T+D Software.  The goal is to collect 9 missing bottles of syrup and return them to the beginning in as little time as possible while avoiding mutant waffles.  The green and black title screen plays a series of rapid beeps of various pitches, giving the illusion of bubbling syrup.
Paragraph 4: Extended Color Basic is an update to the Color BASIC interpreter for the Radio Shack/Tandy TRS-80 Color Computer series and is the default Basic interpreter, for the Color Computer 2.  The Color Computer Basic implementations are somewhat different for the versions of Basic which come with the other family of TRS-80 machines, namely Basic Levels I, II, and III.  Assemblers and Pascal and C compilers are available for the different machines in the series.  Modified subsets of Color Basic may be found on many of the Radio Shack PC series of pocket computers (PC-1 to PC-4 by Sharp, PC-5, PC-6 to PC-8 by Casio) of the era.
Paragraph 5: The Interact Home Computer is a rare, very early (1978) American home computer made by "Interact Electronics Inc" of Ann Arbor, Michigan.  It sold under the name "interact Model One home computer".  The original Ineract Model One computer was designed by Rick Barnich and Tim Anderson at 204 E. Washington in Ann Arbor, then moving to an office in Georgetown Mall on Packard St in Ann Arbor.  Interact Electronics Inc was a privately held company that was funded by Hongiman, Miller, Swartz and Cohn...a lawyer firm out of Detroit.  The President/Founder of Interact Electronics Inc was Ken Lochner, who was one of the original developers of the BASIC language based out of Dartmouth college.  Ken had started Interact Electronics Inc after a successful startup known as ADP Cyphernetics, the original computer time share company in Ann Arbor, now known as ADP Network Services.  Only a few thousand Interacts were sold before the company went bankrupt.  Most were sold by the liquidator "Protecto Enterprizes" of Barrington, Illinois through mail order sales.  The Interact Model One Home Computer debuted at the Consumer Electronics Show in Chicago in June 1978 at a price of $499.  The majority of sales were thru Mail Order houses and you could buy it off the shelf at Highland Appliance in the Detroit, MI area and Newman Computer Exchange in Ann Arbor.  Probably the most successful application available for the Interace was a program called "Message Center".  With it, a store could type in whatever message they wanted to appear scrolling on a TV screen...like Advertisements, or welcoming messages to guests in an office.  Although it was mostly a Game machine at the time with games such as Showdown, BlackJack and Chess, there was also BASIC programming where users could create their own programs in the BASIC computer language.  Customers began hooking up Interact to control everything from lights in their house, to a Chevrolet Corvette!
Paragraph 6: The TRS-80 series of computers were sold via Radio Shack & Tandy dealers in North America and Europe in the early 1980s.  Much software was developed for these computers, particularly the relatively successful Color Computer I, II & III models, which were designed for both home office and entertainment (gaming) uses.
Paragraph 7: Scripsit is a word processing application written for the Radio Shack TRS-80 line of computers.  Versions were available for most if not all computers sold under the TRS-80 name, including the Color Computer and several pocket computer designs, as well as the Tandy version of the Xenix operating system.  Some of these versions are tape-based and have no ability to read or write to disk.
Paragraph 8: Disk Extended Color Basic is an update to the Color BASIC interpreter for the Radio Shack/Tandy TRS-80 Color Computer series and is the default Basic interpreter, and therefore the de facto operating system, for the Color Computer 3.  The Color Computer Basic implementations are somewhat different for the versions of Basic which come with the other family of TRS-80 machines, namely Basic Levels I, II, and III.  Assemblers and Pascal and C compilers are available for the different machines in the series.  Modified subsets of Color Basic may be found on many of the Radio Shack PC series of pocket computers (PC-1 to PC-4 by Sharp, PC-5, PC-6 to PC-8 by Casio) of the era.
Paragraph 9: The Tandy 10 Business Computer System was a short-lived product developed by Radio Shack in the late 1970s as a business-oriented complement to their TRS-80 Model I desktop computer.  Released in 1978, the Tandy 10 was built for Radio Shack by Applied Digital Data Systems (ADDS), and was only sold by Radio Shack's dedicated computer center stores.
Paragraph 10: Chromasette was the first cassette-based TRS-80 Color Computer magazine produced by David Lagerquist and was an offshoot of "CLOAD" magazine.  The first issue was published July 1981 and the last issue was published in July 1984.  Issues were published monthly.  While some references cite the price as having been $3.50 USD an issue, it was advertised in Creative Computing magazine in May 1983 as $45 USD a year for 12 issues, $25 USD for 6 issues, or $5 USD each.  The first issue contained 5 Basic programs and the "cover" of the electronic magazine (which had to be loaded onto a TRS-80 Color Computer and then run) was dynamic.  Included with each cassette was a 5-6 page newsletter explaining the programs included on the cassette, including their PMODE and PCLEAR values (if needed), their locations on tape, and several paragraphs of documentation about each (sometimes suggesting program alterations that change or improve the results).  The newsletter contained tips, rumors (for example whether the TRS-80 Color Computer would soon support 5" floppy diskette drives in addition to cassettes for loading and recording software programs), along with other insights.  They contained a variety of information about the Color Computer and some of the hardware and software available for it.  In addition, they included advertisements.  Dave signed only his first name to the "CLOAD" and "Chromasette" letters.
Question: Radio shack made a line of computers in the 1980's which was marketed as the TRS-80 Color Computer or the Interact Home Computer?
Answer:

Answer: TRS-80 Color Computer


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: Sean Robert Francis (born 1 August 1972) is a former footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham City and Northampton Town, and in the League of Ireland for Cobh Ramblers, Shamrock Rovers and Longford Town.  He played as a forward.
Paragraph 2: Fudbalski klub Crvena zvezda (, ), commonly known in English as Red Star Belgrade (Serbian: Црвена звезда Београд / Crvena zvezda Beograd ) or simply Red Star, is a Serbian professional football club based in Belgrade, the major part of the Red Star multi-sport club.  They are the only Serbian and ex-Yugoslav club to have won the European Cup, having done so in 1991, and the only team from Southeast Europe to have won the Intercontinental Cup, also in 1991.  With 27 national championships and 24 national cups between Serbian and the former Yugoslav competitions, Red Star was the most successful club in former Yugoslavia and finished as first in the Yugoslav First League all-time table, and is the most successful club in Serbia.  However, since the 1991–92 season, Red Star has failed to qualify in the group stages of UEFA Champions League.
Paragraph 3: Robert Francis Kennedy Jr. (born January 17, 1954) is an American radio host, environmental activist, author and attorney specializing in environmental law.  He is an Irish American, son of Robert Francis "Bobby" Kennedy and the nephew of former U.S. President John F. Kennedy.  Kennedy is President of the Board of Waterkeeper Alliance, a non-profit organization focused on grass-roots efforts to protect and enhance waterways worldwide.  He currently co-hosts "Ring of Fire", a nationally syndicated American radio program.  Kennedy has written or edited ten books, including two New York Times Best Sellers, and three children's books.
Paragraph 4: Real Madrid C.F. is a professional association football club based in Madrid, Spain, that plays in La Liga.  The club was formed in 1902 as Madrid Football Club, and played its first competitive match on 13 May 1902, when it entered the semi-final of the Campeonato de Copa de S.M. Alfonso XIII.  Real Madrid was one of the founding members of La Liga in 1929, and is one of three clubs, including FC Barcelona and Athletic Bilbao, to have never been relegated from the league.  Since then, the club's first team has competed in numerous nationally and internationally organised competitions.  Real is the most successful club in Spanish football, having won a total of 64 domestic titles; a record 33 La Liga titles, 19 Spanish Cups, 10 Spanish Super Cups, 1 Copa Eva Duarte and 1 League Cup.  Real is the most successful club in European football, having won twenty one official UEFA trophies in total.
Paragraph 5: The club first participated in an international competition in 1956.  The first international cup they took part in was the "Torneio Internacional da FPF".  Santos is the most successful club in the "Brasileirão", alongside Palmeiras, and was voted by FIFA as the 5th most successful football club of the 20th century.  The "Santista" club is the most successful club, alongside São Paulo, in Brazilian football in terms of overall trophies, having won 19 state titles, a record 8 national titles, 3 Copa Libertadores, 2 Intercontinental Cups, 1 Recopa Sudamericana, 1 Intercontinental Supercup, 1 Copa CONMEBOL and 1 Copa do Brasil.  In 1962, Santos became the first club in the world to win the continental treble consisting of the Paulista, Taça Brasil, and the Copa Libertadores.
Paragraph 6: The Brisbane Broncos are an Australian professional rugby league football club based in the city of Brisbane, the capital of the state of Queensland.  Founded in 1988, the Broncos play in Australia's elite competition, the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership.  They have won five premierships, a Super League title and two World Club Challenges.  The Broncos have achieved four minor premierships during their 29 years in competition, making them the League's most successful club over the past three decades.  Until 2015 Brisbane had never been defeated in a grand final, and between 1991 and 2009 they never failed to qualify for the finals.  They are the most successful club since the National Rugby League began in 1998, winning a record three premierships in this era.  They are also one of the most successful clubs in the history of rugby league, having won 63% of their games since their induction in 1988, second only to Melbourne Storm with 64%.
Paragraph 7: Bohemian Football Club (Irish: "Cumann Peile Bóithéamaigh" ), more commonly referred to as Bohs, is a professional football club from Dublin, Ireland.  Bohemians compete in the Premier Division of the League of Ireland, and are the oldest League of Ireland club in continuous existence.  Bohs are the third most successful club in League of Ireland football history, having won the League of Ireland title 11 times, the FAI Cup 7 times, the League of Ireland Shield 6 times and the League of Ireland Cup 3 times.  Prior to the establishment of the Football Association of Ireland and League of Ireland, Bohemians competed in the Irish Football League and Irish Cup, which were at the time all-Ireland competitions.  During that period they won the Irish Cup once and finished runners up 5 times.  They share the record for most wins in European competition with archrivals Shamrock Rovers and hold the record for Leinster Senior Cup wins with 32 cups claimed.
Paragraph 8: The Ulster Senior League is an association football league featuring amateur, intermediate, and League of Ireland reserve teams from Ulster.  Together with the Leinster Senior League Senior Division and the Munster Senior League Senior Premier Division, it forms the third level of the Republic of Ireland football league system.  Ulster Senior League teams also compete in the FAI Cup and the FAI Intermediate Cup.  The winners of the Ulster Senior League have also been invited to play in the League of Ireland Cup.  Despite using the Ulster name in its title, the majority of its member clubs are based in County Donegal.  The most successful club in the league has been Fanad United who have won fourteen league titles and ten league cups.  Since 2006 the USL has operated as a summer league with the season typically operating from April to October.
Paragraph 9: Shamrock Rovers Football Club (Irish: "Cumann Peile Ruagairí na Seamróige" ) is an Irish association football club based in Tallaght, South Dublin.  The club's senior team competes in the League of Ireland Premier Division and it is the most successful club in the Republic of Ireland.  The club has won the League of Ireland title a record 17 times and the FAI Cup a record 24 times.  Shamrock Rovers have supplied more players to the Republic of Ireland national football team (62) than any other club.  In All-Ireland competitions, such as the Intercity Cup, they hold the record for winning the most titles, having won seven cups overall.
Paragraph 10: AC Sparta Prague (Czech: "AC Sparta Praha" ] ) is a Czech football club based in Prague.  It is the most successful club in the Czech Republic and one of the most successful in central Europe, winning the central European Cup (also known as the Mitropa Cup) three times as well as having reached the semi-finals of the European Cup (now the UEFA Champions League) in 1992 and the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup in 1973.  Sparta have also been successful on the international stage, winning the Pequeña Copa del Mundo de Clubes, the predecessor to the FIFA Club World Cup, in 1969.  Sparta have won 36 domestic league titles, the Czech Cup (formerly Czechoslovak Cup) 27 times, also a record, and the Czech Supercup twice.  Sparta was long the main source for the Czech Republic national football team, however lately this has ceased to be the case, as the best Czech players almost exclusively play in foreign leagues.  Sparta play at Prague's Generali Arena, also known as "Letná Stadium".
Question: What town did Sean Robert Francis play in as part of the most successful club in the Republic of Ireland?
Answer:

Answer: Tallaght, South Dublin


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: The Kahuna is a range of bats made by Kookaburra Sport and is the company's sole premier bat line.  The Kahuna Icon faced controversy in early 2006 when there was a dispute over whether the graphite backing of the bat would increase its performance to an unfair level, as compared to even other bats such as the Kookaburra Beast, to which it is often compared.  This led to the Marylebone Cricket Club, the copyright holder to the laws of cricket, ruling the bat ineligible for use in international test matches.  Its use is still permitted in all other forms of cricket, making it a bat which dominates the vast majority of others.
Paragraph 2: "Leather-Winged Bat" is a well-known English folk song about a collection of "birds".  The song's most used cast members are usually bat, a wood pecker, a blue bird, owl and turtle dove.  However, depending on the artist, the song can have different creatures.  Such as Peter, Paul and Mary's 1969 version which has a bat, a black bird, wood pecker, turtle dove, and a blue jay.  Each "bird" has something to say about love and courtship in some sort of rhyming manner.  It was recorded by Burl Ives on 31 January 1941 and released in August 1941 on the album "Okeh Presents the Wayfaring Stranger".  It has also been recorded by Pete Seeger, The Duhks, Bill Staines, Spider John Koerner, Peter, Paul and Mary, Kitty White, Nettles, Vicki Neville, Kim Milai, Anne Price and Warren Fremling.
Paragraph 3: Peter, Paul and Mary was an American folk group formed in New York City in 1961, during the American folk music revival phenomenon.  The trio was composed of tenor Peter Yarrow, baritone Noel Paul Stookey and alto Mary Travers.  The group's repertoire included songs written by Yarrow and Stookey, as well as covers written by other folk musicians.  After the death of Travers in 2009, Yarrow and Stookey continued to perform as a duo under their individual names.
Paragraph 4: Macrotus is a genus of bats in the Neotropical family Phyllostomidae.  This genus contains two species, "Macrotus californicus" commonly known as California Leaf-nosed Bat and "Macrotus waterhousii" commonly known as Mexican or Waterhouse's Leaf-nosed Bat.  The range of this family includes the warmer parts of the southwestern United States, Mexico, Central and South America, and the Bahama Islands.  Characteristic for the genus are large ears and the name giving triangular skin flap above the nose, the "leaf".  The California Leaf-nosed Bat inhabits the arid deserts of the southwestern United States as far north as Nevada, south to Baja California and Sonora, Mexico.  The California Leaf-nosed Bat is of medium size, with a total length between 9 and 11 cm Its most distinctive features are the large ears, connected across the forehead.  The body is pale grayish brown dorsally with whitish under parts.  The pelage (fur) on the body is silky, the hairs on the back about 8 mm, on the front about 6 mm long.  The posterior base of the ears are covered with hair of a woolly texture while the interior surface and most of the anterior border shows scattered long hairs.  The flight membranes are thin and delicate; the wings are broad and the tail is slightly shorter that the long hind limbs and extends several millimeters beyond the uropatagium (see Bat).  "Macrotus waterhousii" is also a big eared Bat which has ranges from Sonora to Hidalgo Mexico, south to Guatemala and the Greater Antilles (excluding Puerto Rico) and Bahamas.  This species roosts primarily in caves, but also in mines and buildings.  This species is also insectivorous (see insectivore), primarily consuming insects of the order Lepidoptera and Orthoptera.  The mating and parturition times of M. "waterhousii" vary from island to island with 4–5 months gestation.
Paragraph 5: The Purdy Islands (or Mwilitau Islands) are an uninhabited island group in the Bismarck Sea, belonging to Papua New Guinea.  The Purdy Islands, Mole, Mouse, Rat, plus Bat and Alim (or North Bat and South Bat), form part of the Admiralty Islands group, in Manus Province.
Paragraph 6: The Seychelles sheath-tailed bat ("Coleura seychellensis") is a sac-winged bat.  It occurs in the central granitic islands of the Seychelles.  It is an insectivorous bat, feeding primarily in forest clearings at night and roosting in communal roosts by day.  Although previously abundant across the island group, it now only occurs on three islands.  Its numbers have been declining to such an extent that the International Union for Conservation of Nature has listed it as being "critically endangered".  It seems that increase in the cultivation of coconut palms in plantations, and the introduction of alien plant species, has reduced the availability of insect food.
Paragraph 7: A basic table tennis racket (has notions of being called a "paddle" or "bat") is used by table tennis players.  The table tennis racket is usually made from laminated wood covered with rubber on one or two sides depending on the player's grip.  Unlike a conventional "racket", it does not include strings strung across an open frame.  The USA generally uses the term "paddle" while Europeans and Asians use the term "bat" and the official ITTF term is "racket".
Paragraph 8: Bat and trap is an English bat-and-ball pub game.  It is still played in Kent, and occasionally in Brighton.  By the late 20th century it was usually only played on Good Friday in Brighton, on the park called The Level, which has an adjacent pub called The Bat and Ball, whose sign depicts the game.  Brighton & Hove City Council plans to start a Bat and Trap club based at The Level in 2013, as part of the Activities Plan associated with a £2.2m Heritage Lottery Fund and Big Lottery Fund-funded restoration of the park.
Paragraph 9: The Seminole bat ("Lasiurus seminolus") is a species of bat in the family Vespertilionidae.  A common feature of the family Vespertilionidae is a tail that is located completely within the uropatagium (the membrane located between the hind limbs in bats).  In Seminole bats, and other members of the "Lasiurus" genus, the upper surface of this membrane is covered in fur.
Paragraph 10: The gray bat ("Myotis grisescens") once flourished in caves all over the southeastern United States, but due to human disturbance, gray bat populations declined severely during the early and mid portion of the 20th century.  At one cave alone, the Georgetown Cave in northwestern Alabama, populations declined from 150,000 gray bats to 10,000 by 1969.  "M. grisescens" has been listed as federally endangered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service since 1976, and is protected under the Endangered Species Act.  Gray bat populations were estimated at approximately 2 million bats around the time they were placed on the Endangered Species list.  By the early 1980s populations of gray bats dropped to 1.6 million.  With conservation efforts in place, in 2002, gray bat populations were estimated to have reached 2.3 million.
Question: Who is still with the group that covered "Leather-Winged Bat" in 1969?
Answer:

Answer: Yarrow and Stookey


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: National Weather Service – Topeka, Kansas (Abbreviation TOP) is a local National Weather Service forecast office based in Topeka, the state capital of Kansas.  Its offices are located near Philip Billard Municipal Airport.  It provides weather and emergency information to 23 counties in north-central, northeast, and east-central Kansas.  Communities that rely on the Topeka Weather Office for forecasts and severe storm warnings include Abilene, Clay Center, Concordia, Council Grove, Emporia, Hiawatha, Junction City, Lawrence, Manhattan, Marysville, Ottawa, and Topeka.
Paragraph 2: The Treaty of Fort Clark (also known as the Treaty with the Osage or the Osage Treaty) was signed at Fort Osage (then called Fort Clark) on November 10, 1808 (ratified on April 28, 1810) in which the Osage Nation ceded all the land east of the fort in Missouri and Arkansas north of the Arkansas River to the United States.  The Fort Clark treaty and the Treaty of St. Louis in which the Sac (tribe) and Fox (tribe) ceded northeastern Missouri along with northern Illinois and southern Wisconsin were the first two major treaties in the newly acquired Louisiana Purchase.  The affected tribes, upset with the terms, were to side with the British in the War of 1812.  Following the settlement of that war, John C. Sullivan for the United States was to survey the ceded land in 1816 (adjusting it 23 miles westward to the mouth of the Kansas River to create the Indian Boundary Line west of which and south of which virtually all tribes were to be removed in the Indian Removal Act in 1830.
Paragraph 3: Osage County is the largest county by area in the state of Oklahoma in the United States.  Created in 1907 when Oklahoma was admitted as a state, the county is named for and is home to the federally recognized Osage Nation.  The county is coextensive with the Osage Nation Reservation, established by treaty in the 19th century when the Osage relocated there from Kansas.  The county seat is in Pawhuska, Oklahoma, one of the first three towns established in the county.  The total population of the county is 47,987.
Paragraph 4: National Weather Service Lincoln, Illinois also known as National Weather Service Central Illinois is a weather forecast office responsible for monitoring weather conditions for 35 counties in Central and Southeastern Illinois.  The Central Illinois office initially consisted of two forecast offices in Peoria and Springfield until the current location in Lincoln became the sole local forecast office in 1995.  Federal meteorology offices and stations in the region date back to the 19th century when the Army Signal Service began taking weather observations using weather equipment at the Springer Building in Springfield.  Since that time the presence of the National Weather Service greatly increased with the instillation of new weather radars, stations and forecast offices.  The current office in Lincoln maintains a WSR-88D (NEXRAD) radar system, and Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System (AWIPS) that greatly improve forecasting in the region.  Lincoln is in charge of weather forecasts, warnings and local statements as well as aviation weather.
Paragraph 5: National Weather Service Chicago, currently based in Romeoville, Illinois, is a weather forecast office responsible for monitoring weather conditions for 23 counties in Northern Illinois, the Chicago metropolitan area and Northwest Indiana.  The Army Signal Service established the first federal weather office in the region in Chicago on October 15, 1870.  During May 1894 the Chicago Weather Bureau was given a new forecast area extending from the Great Lakes region all the way to the Rocky Mountains.  The current National Weather Service Chicago is located in Romeoville and is in charge of issuing local forecasts and weather warnings for the Chicago area.  It is one of only two National Weather Service offices in Illinois, the other being National Weather Service Central Illinois in Lincoln, Illinois.  The National Weather Service Chicago forecast office is located adjacent to the Lewis University Airport in Romeoville, Illinois.
Paragraph 6: The Osage Treaty (also known as the Treaty with the Osage) was signed in what became Council Grove, Kansas, on June 2, 1825 between William Clark on behalf of the United States and members of the Osage Nation.  The accord contained fourteen articles.  Based on the most important terms of the accord, the Osage ceded multiple territories to the United States government.  According to the first article of the treaty, the territories ceded entailed lands lying within and west of both the State of Missouri and the Territory of Arkansas, lands lying north and west of the Red River, all territories south and east of the Kansas River, and all lands located through the Rock Saline.  The accord was proclaimed on December 30, 1825.
Paragraph 7: Council Grove is a city and county seat in Morris County, Kansas, United States.  This city is fifty-five miles southwest of Topeka.  It was named after an agreement between European Americans and the Osage Nation about allowing settlers' wagon trains to pass through the area and proceed to the West.  Pioneers gathered at a grove of trees so that wagons could band together for their trip west.  As of the 2010 census, the city population was 2,182.
Paragraph 8: KID77 (sometimes referred to as Kansas City All Hazards) is a NOAA Weather Radio station that serves the Kansas City metropolitan area and surrounding cities.  It is programmed from the National Weather Service forecast office in Pleasant Hill, Missouri with its transmitter located in Independence.  It broadcasts weather and hazard information for the following Counties and Cities
Paragraph 9: Fort Osage (also known as Fort Clark or Fort Sibley) was an early 19th-century factory trading post system ran by the United States, being located in present-day Sibley, Missouri.  The Treaty of Fort Clark was signed with certain members of the Osage Nation in 1808 calling for the creation of Fort Osage.  It was one of three forts established by the U.S. Army to establish control over the newly acquired Louisiana Purchase territories.  Fort Madison in SE Iowa was built to control trade and pacify Native Americans in the Upper Mississippi River region.  Fort Belle Fontaine near St. Louis controlled the mouth of the Missouri.  The fort ceased operations in the 1820s as the Osage in subsequent treaties ceded the rest of their land in Missouri.  A replica of the fort was rebuilt on the site between 1948 and 1961.  The Fort Osage school district (including Fort Osage High School), which serves northeast Independence and the surrounding area, was named after it.
Paragraph 10: The National Weather Service Boise, Idaho is a weather forecast office responsible for weather forecasts, warnings and local statements as well as aviation weather forecasts and fire weather forecasts for 3 counties in Southeast Oregon and 14 counties in Southwest and South central Idaho.  The U.S. Weather Bureau established an office in the Sonna Building on December 1, 1898.  Since then, the U.S Weather Bureau office, now known as the National Weather Service forecast office gained forecast responsibility of Southern Idaho on June 22, 1970 which was expanded to the entire state of Idaho in 1973.  After modernization in 1993, the forecast responsibility was changed to Southeast Oregon and Southwest Idaho.  The current office in Boise maintains a WSR-88D (NEXRAD) radar system, 8 Automated airport weather station (ASOS) systems and Advanced Weather Interactive Processing System (AWIPS) that greatly improve forecasting in the region.  Continuous weather observations have been maintained for the city of Boise since February 1, 1964 about 5 months after the U.S. Army established Fort Boise.  The post surgeon for the U.S. Army took observations until July 1, 1877 when the U.S. Signal Service, established an office downtown.  The Signal Office was discontinued on July 1, 1890.
Question: Where are the offices of the weather service that serves the Kansas city which was named after an agreement between European Americans and the Osage Nation?
Answer:

Answer: near Philip Billard Municipal Airport


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: The Super Bowl XLVII halftime show occurred on February 3, 2013 at the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans as part of Super Bowl XLVII and featured American entertainer Beyoncé with special guests Kelly Rowland and Michelle Williams from Destiny's Child.  The show was produced by Ricky Kirshner and directed by Hamish Hamilton.  It received acclaim from music critics who commented that Beyoncé once more proved her abilities during live performances.  It became the then second most watched show in Super Bowl history by garnering 110.8 million viewers.  The performance, and the stadium blackout that followed, generated more than 299,000 tweets per minute, making it the then second most tweeted moment in the history of Twitter.  This would be the first Pepsi sponsored halftime show since Prince's performance in Super Bowl XLI.
Paragraph 2: Super Bowl XXXVIII – which was broadcast live on February 1, 2004 from Houston, Texas on the CBS television network in the United States – was noted for a controversial halftime show in which Janet Jackson's breast, adorned with a nipple shield, was exposed by Justin Timberlake for about half a second, in what was later referred to as a "wardrobe malfunction".  The incident, sometimes referred to as Nipplegate, was widely discussed.  Along with the rest of the halftime show, it led to an immediate crackdown and widespread debate on perceived indecency in broadcasting.  The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) fined CBS a record US$550,000 which was fought in the Supreme Court, but that fine was appealed and ultimately voided by the Third Circuit Court of Appeals in a 2011 ruling, and a case to reinstate the fine was refused in 2012.
Paragraph 3: The Super Bowl 50 Halftime Show took place on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in Santa Clara, California as part of Super Bowl 50.  It was headlined by the British rock group Coldplay with special guest performers Beyoncé and Bruno Mars, who previously had headlined the Super Bowl XLVII and Super Bowl XLVIII halftime shows, respectively.
Paragraph 4: The Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show occurred on February 2, 2014 at MetLife Stadium in New Jersey as part of Super Bowl XLVIII and was headlined by American singer Bruno Mars alongside his band The Hooligans with special guests The Red Hot Chili Peppers.  The show was produced by Ricky Kirshner and directed by Hamish Hamilton.  At the time of airing the halftime show attracted the largest audience in the history of the Super Bowl, attracting 115.3 million viewers.  The show was later surpassed by the following year's Super Bowl XLIX halftime show in which American pop star Katy Perry was headliner.  The performance generated 2.2 million tweets, due to clamoring for tickets to Mars' Moonshine Jungle Tour.
Paragraph 5: Joanne is the fifth studio album by American singer Lady Gaga.  It was released on October 21, 2016, by Streamline and Interscope Records.  Gaga collaborated with several producers on the album, including Mark Ronson, Jeff Bhasker, BloodPop and RedOne, and co-produced the majority of the material.  The music of "Joanne" features "stripped-down" soft rock and dance-pop styles in order to emphasize the singer's vocal abilities.  Lyrically, the album delves on the theme of family and life's emotions, with the death of her aunt, Joanne Stefani Germanotta, having a deep influence on the record.
Paragraph 6: Lady Gaga: Queen of Pop is a biography of American singer Lady Gaga.  It was written by Emily Herbert (pen name for Virginia Blackburn) and published in the United Kingdom by John Blake Publishing Ltd. The book was published by Overlook Press in the United States with the title Lady Gaga: Behind the Fame.  Additional versions under the title "Lady Gaga: Queen of Pop" were published in 2010 by Wilkinson Publishing of Melbourne in Australia and by Gardners Books in the United Kingdom.  The book discusses Gaga's early life when she was known as Stefani Joanne Angelina Germanotta from her birth in 1986, and chronicles her education at Convent of the Sacred Heart in New York, her early visits to nightclubs with her mother to perform at open-mic events, and her brief foray into the Tisch School of the Arts, leading up to her first experience of fame.  Germanotta took the name "Lady Gaga" from the song "Radio Ga Ga" by the rock group Queen; she released her first album "The Fame" in 2008.  "Lady Gaga: Queen of Pop" describes the musician's success in the industry, noting her business collaborations and appearance on the cover of "Rolling Stone" in 2009.
Paragraph 7: Gaga: Five Foot Two is a 2017 documentary film about American singer-songwriter Lady Gaga.  The film documents the events around the production and release of her fifth studio album, "Joanne", and her halftime performance at Super Bowl LI.  The film, directed by visual artist and documentarian Chris Moukarbel, made its debut at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival before having a worldwide streaming release on Netflix on September 22, 2017.
Paragraph 8: Halftime shows are a tradition during American football games at all levels of competition.  Entertainment during the Super Bowl, the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), represents a fundamental link to pop culture, which helps broaden the television audience and nationwide interest.  As the Super Bowl itself is typically the most-watched event on television in the United States annually, the halftime show has been equally-viewed in recent years: the halftime show of Super Bowl XLIX featuring Katy Perry was viewed by 118.5 million, as part of an overall telecast that peaked at 120.3 million at its conclusion—the most-watched television broadcast in U.S. history.  The NFL claims that the Super Bowl LI halftime show, with Lady Gaga was the "most-watched musical event of all-time", citing a figure of 150 million viewers based on the television audience, as well as unique viewership of video postings of the halftime show on the league's platforms, and social media interactions.  However, the show was only seen by 117.5 million television viewers, making it the second-highest-rated halftime show behind Super Bowl XLIX.
Paragraph 9: The Super Bowl LI Halftime show took place on February 5, 2017, at NRG Stadium in Houston, Texas as part of Super Bowl LI.  The show was headlined by Lady Gaga, who performed a medley of her songs, including newer material from her most recent studio album "Joanne".
Paragraph 10: The Super Bowl XLIX halftime show took place on February 1, 2015, at the University of Phoenix Stadium in Glendale, Arizona as part of Super Bowl XLIX.  It featured American singer Katy Perry, with singers Lenny Kravitz and Missy Elliott as special guests.  The halftime show was critically acclaimed and attracted 118.5 million viewers, the largest ratings in the history of the Super Bowl.  It also won two Emmy Awards in September 2015.
Question: When was the album released for which Lady Gaga used for material for her Super Bowl LI halftime show?
Answer:

Answer: October 21, 2016


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: Northwestern University (NU) is a private research university based in Evanston, Illinois, with other campuses located in Chicago and Doha, Qatar, and academic programs and facilities in Washington, D.C., and San Francisco, California.
Paragraph 2: Sara Berry (born 1940) is a scholar of contemporary African political economies, professor of history at Johns Hopkins University and co-founder of the Center for Africana Studies at Johns Hopkins.  Berry received her PhD in economics at the University of Michigan in 1967 and has taught at Indiana University, Virginia Commonwealth University, Boston University, Johns Hopkins University, and Northwestern University.  Berry has published four books: "Cocoa, Custom, and Socio-Economic Change in Rural Western Nigeria" (1975, Oxford: Claredon) "Accumulation, Mobility and Class Formation in an Extended Yoruba Community" (1985, University of California Press), "Boundries: Essays on Poverty, Power and the Past in Asante", 1896-1996 (2001, Heinemann), and "No Condition is Permanent: The Social Dynamics of Agrarian Change in Sub-Saharan Africa" (1993, University of Wisconsin Press).  "No Condition is Permanent" won the 1985 Herskovits Prize for the year’s best book on Africa.  Berry has worked as a consultant for the Rockefeller Foundation, the Ford Foundation, the U.S. Agency for International Development.  The National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Herskovits Book Awards Committee.  She has received fellowships and awards from the Fulbright Senior Scholars Program, the Social Science Research Council, the Guggenheim Foundation, and the Mary Ingraham Bunting Institute at Radcliffe College.  Berry has a B.A. in history from Radcliffe College in 1961 and an M.A. from University of Michigan in 1965.
Paragraph 3: Eric Sundquist is an American scholar of the literature and culture of the United States.  Sundquist earned his B.A. from the University of Kansas (1974) and his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University (1978).  Sundquist is the Andrew W. Mellon Professor of the Humanities and former chair of the English Department at Johns Hopkins.  He is a former member of the UCLA Department of English, and was Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at Northwestern University.
Paragraph 4: The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine (JHUSOM), located in Baltimore, Maryland, U.S., is the academic medical teaching and research arm of Johns Hopkins University.  Johns Hopkins has consistently been among the nation's top medical schools in the number of research grants awarded by the National Institutes of Health.  Its main teaching hospital, the Johns Hopkins Hospital, is ranked the #3 hospital in the United States by "U.S. News & World Report".
Paragraph 5: Barton Childs (February 29, 1916 – February 18, 2010) was an American pediatrician and geneticist.  He was born in Chicago, Illinois, and graduated from Williams College in 1938.  In 1942, he received his M.D. from Johns Hopkins University.  Following military service in World War II, he returned to Johns Hopkins for a residency in pediatrics.  After a fellowship at Children’s Hospital in Boston, he returned to Johns Hopkins University in 1949, where he remained until his retirement in 1981.  He remained a professor emeritus in the Department of Pediatrics at The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine until his death.
Paragraph 6: Richard A. Macksey (born 1931) is Professor of Humanities and Co-founder and longtime Director of the Humanities Center at The Johns Hopkins University, where he has taught critical theory, comparative literature, and film studies.  Professor Macksey was educated at Johns Hopkins, earning his B.A. in 1953 and his Ph.D. in 1957.  He has taught at Johns Hopkins (both the school of Arts & Sciences as well as the Medical School) since 1958.  He is the longtime Comparative Literature editor of MLN (Modern Language Notes), published by Johns Hopkins University Press.  He is a recipient of the Hopkins Distinguished Alumnus Award.  Dr. Macksey also presides over one of the largest private libraries in Maryland, with over 70,000 books and manuscripts.
Paragraph 7: The Johns Hopkins University (commonly referred to as Johns Hopkins, JHU, or simply Hopkins) is an American private research university in Baltimore, Maryland.  Founded in 1876, the university was named for its first benefactor, the American entrepreneur, abolitionist, and philanthropist Johns Hopkins.  His $7 million bequest—of which half financed the establishment of Johns Hopkins Hospital—was the largest philanthropic gift in the history of the United States at that time.  Daniel Coit Gilman, who was inaugurated as the institution's first president on February 22, 1876, led the university to revolutionize higher education in the U.S. by integrating teaching and research.  Adopting the concept of a graduate school from Germany's ancient Heidelberg University, Johns Hopkins University is considered the first research university in the United States.
Paragraph 8: Bloomberg Distinguished Professorships (BDPs) were established as part of a $350 million gift by Michael Bloomberg, JHU Class of 1964, to Johns Hopkins University in 2013.  Fifty faculty members, ten from Johns Hopkins University and forty recruited from institutions worldwide, will be chosen for these endowed professorships based on their research, teaching, service, and leadership records.  The program is directed and managed by Johns Hopkins University Vice Provost for Research, Dr. Denis Wirtz.
Paragraph 9: Daniel W. Webster (born 1960) is an American health policy researcher and the director of the Center for Gun Policy and Research at Johns Hopkins University.  He is also the deputy director for research at the Johns Hopkins Center for the Prevention of Youth Violence, and professor of Health Policy and Management at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health.  In 2016, he became the director of the Johns Hopkins-Baltimore Collaborative for Violence Reduction, a joint crime-fighting effort between Johns Hopkins and the Baltimore Police Department.
Paragraph 10: The Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics in Baltimore, Maryland, United States, is an independent, interdisciplinary center serving the entire Johns Hopkins University and Health System.  It is dedicated to the study of complex moral and policy issues in biomedical science, health care, and health policy.  Established in 1995, the Institute seeks answers to ethical questions by promoting research in bioethics and encouraging moral reflection among a broad range of scholars, professionals, students, and citizens.  Contributing to its mission are four divisions of the University: the Zanvyl Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, the Bloomberg School of Public Health, and the Johns Hopkins School of Nursing.
Question: Which of these universities, Northwestern University or Johns Hopkins University, have a campus outside of the United States territories?
Answer:

Answer: with other campuses located in Chicago and Doha, Qatar


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: The Prussian Crusade was a series of 13th-century campaigns of Roman Catholic crusaders, primarily led by the Teutonic Knights, to Christianize the pagan Old Prussians.  Invited after earlier unsuccessful expeditions against the Prussians by Polish princes, the Teutonic Knights began campaigning against the Balts in 1230.  By the end of the century, having quelled several Prussian Uprisings, the Knights had established control over Prussia and administered the Prussians through their monastic state.
Paragraph 2: Glappo (or Glappe) (baptized as "Charles" or "Carolus") was the leader of Warmians, one of the Prussian clans, during the Great Prussian Uprising (1260–1274) against the Teutonic Knights.  In 1249 Pope Urban IV had installed the papal legate Jacob Pantaleon to aid the Teutonic Order and after the battle at the Durbe, the pope called for a crusade against the Prussians and sent knights who were on their way against the Tatars back to the crusades against the Prussians.  During those crusades and as a result the unbaptized parts of the Prussians began uprisings and Glappo and his men successfully captured Braunsberg.  When Glappo ambushed and killed forty people who left the castle to gather firewood and fodder, the Bishop of Warmia decided against trying to defend the town and abandoned it.  In 1266 large reinforcements for the Teutonic Knights, led by Otto III and John I, co-rulers of Brandenburg, arrived to Prussia.  They built a castle on the border of Warmian and Natangian lands between Balga and Königsberg and named it Brandenburg (now Ushakovo).  When a native woman informed Glappo that most of the soldiers were away on a raid and the place is practically unguarded, Warmians attacked and captured the outer walls and the towers.  When Teutonic soldiers returned, they did not try to recapture the castle.  The very next year Duke Otto was back to rebuild the castle.  Glappo was killed trying to recapture Brandenburg.  In 1273, at the very end of the uprising, Warmians besieged Brandenburg, but did not put sufficient guards on the road from Königsberg.  This allowed the Knights to attack the Prussians from the rear.  Warmians suffered a crushing defeat and Glappo was captured.  He was latter hanged on a hill outside Königsberg that is sometimes referred to as "Glappo's hill" ("Glappenberg").  He was the last important Prussian leader, and after his death only Pogesanians were left fighting.
Paragraph 3: The Prussian uprisings were two major and three smaller uprisings by the Prussians, one of the Baltic tribes, against the Teutonic Knights that took place in the 13th century during the Prussian Crusade.  The crusading military order, supported by the Popes and Christian Europe, sought to conquer and convert the pagan Prussians.  In the first ten years of the crusade five of the seven major Prussian clans fell under the control of the less numerous Teutonic Knights.  However, the Prussians rose against their conquerors on five occasions.
Paragraph 4: Battle of Lubawa or Löbau was a battle fought between the Teutonic Order and Prussians in 1263 during the Great Prussian Uprising.  The pagan Prussians rose against their conquerors, who tried to convert them to Christianity, after Lithuanians and Samogitians soundly defeated the joint forces of the Teutonic Knights and the Livonian Order in the Battle of Durbe (1260).  The first years of the uprising were successful to Prussians, who defeated the Knights in the Battle of Pokarwis and besieged castles held by the Knights.
Paragraph 5: Widewuto (also "Viduutus", "Vidvutus", "Witowudi", "Waidewut") was a legendary king of the pagan Prussians who ruled along with his elder brother, the high priest Bruteno in the 6th century AD.  They are known from writings of 16th-century chroniclers Erasmus Stella, Simon Grunau, and Lucas David.  Though the legend lacks historical credibility, it became popular with medieval historians.  It is unclear whether the legend was authentically Prussian (i.e. recorded from Prussian mythology) or was created by Grunau (possibly inspired by Biblical Moses and Aaron), though Lithuanian researchers tend to support in its authenticity.
Paragraph 6: Old Prussians or Baltic Prussians (Old Prussian: "Prūsai"; German: "Pruzzen" or "Prußen"; Latin: "Pruteni" ; Latvian: "Prūši" ; Lithuanian: "Prūsai" ; Polish: "Prusowie" ; Kashubian: "Prësowié" ) refers to the indigenous peoples from a cluster of Baltic tribes that inhabited the region of Prussia.  This region became the core of the later state of Prussia.  It was located on the south-eastern shore of the Baltic Sea between the Vistula Lagoon to the west and the Curonian Lagoon to the east.  The people spoke a language now known as Old Prussian and followed pagan Prussian mythology.
Paragraph 7: The Treaty of Christburg (modern Dzierzgoń in Poland) was a peace treaty signed on 2 February 1249 between the pagan Prussian clans, represented by a papal legate, and the Teutonic Knights.  It is often cited as the end of the First Prussian Uprising, but it was not adhered to or enforced, especially after the Battle of Krücken in November 1249, where Prussians massacred and tortured to death 54 knights who had surrendered.  The treaty guaranteed personal rights to all Prussians who converted to Christianity, but it did nothing to establish peace as many Prussians did not wish to convert and the Knights swore to root out paganism.  It is one of the few documents from the period that survive in full to this day.  It provides a useful insight into the life and religious tensions in pagan Prussia.  It also offers a small glimpse into the Prussian mythology and traditions.
Paragraph 8: Battle of Pagastin was a medieval battle fought between the Teutonic Knights and Prussians in 1271 during the Great Prussian Uprising (1260–1274).  Pagan Prussians rose against their conquerors, who tried to convert them to Christianity, after Lithuanians and Samogitians soundly defeated the joint forces of the Teutonic Knights and the Livonian Order in the Battle of Durbe in 1260.  The first years of the uprising were successful to Prussians, but the Knights received reinforcements from Western Europe and were gaining upper hand in the conflict.
Paragraph 9: The Lithuanian Crusade was a series of campaigns by the Teutonic Order and the Livonian Order, two crusading military orders, to convert the pagan Grand Duchy of Lithuania into Roman Catholicism.  The Livonian Order settled in Riga in 1202 and the Teutonic Order arrived to Culmerland in 1230s.  They first conquered other neighboring Baltic tribes – Curonians, Semigallians, Latgalians, Selonians, Old Prussians (see Livonian Crusade and Prussian Crusade).  The first raid against the Lithuanians and Samogitians was in 1208 and the Orders played a key role in Lithuanian politics, but they were not a direct and immediate threat until 1280s.  By that time the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was already an established state and could offer organized defense.  Thus for the next hundred years the Knights organized annual destructive "reise" (raids) into the Samogitian and Lithuanian lands but without great success: border regions in Samogitia and Suvalkija became sparsely inhabited wilderness, but the Order gained very little territory.  The Grand Duchy finally converted to Christianity in 1386, when Grand Duke Jogaila accepted baptism from Poland before his wedding to reigning Queen Jadwiga and coronation as King of Poland.  However, the baptism did not stop the crusade as the Order publicly challenged sincerity of the conversion at the Papal court.  Lithuania, together with its new powerful ally Poland, defeated the Order in the decisive Battle of Grunwald in 1410, which is often cited as the end of the Lithuanian Crusade.  The final peace was reached by the Treaty of Melno (1422).
Paragraph 10: The Prussian mythology was a polytheistic religion of the Old Prussians, indigenous peoples of Prussia before the Prussian Crusade waged by the Teutonic Knights.  It was closely related to other Baltic faiths, the Lithuanian and Latvian mythologies.  Its myths and legends did not survive as Prussians became Germanized and extinct in the early 18th century.  Fragmentary information on gods and rituals can be found in various medieval chronicles, but most of them are unreliable.  No sources document pagan religion before the forced Christianization in the 13th century.  Most of what is known about Prussian religion is obtained from dubious 16th-century sources ("Sudovian Book" and Simon Grunau).
Question: Widewuto, a legendary king of the pagan Prussians, was believed to have existed before which army launched crusade against the Prussian peoples?
Answer:

Answer: the Teutonic Knights


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: The Atlantics are an Australian surf rock band founded in 1961.  Initially, the band lineup consisted of drummer Peter Hood, bassist Bosco Bosanac, Theo Penglis on lead and rhythm guitar, and guitarist Eddy Matzenik.  Matzenik was replaced by Jim Skaithitis while the band was still in its earliest stages.  The band's claim to fame was as Australia's most successful of the genre.  Most well known for their classic hit, "Bombora", their later recordings such as "Come On" are examples of 1960s garage rock.  They were the first Australian rock band to write their own hits.  In 2000 the group reformed with three of the original members, and continue to release new material and perform in concert.  In 2013 the group celebrated the 50th Anniversary of their first album, "Bombora" and the eponymous single that was their first to chart.  A European tour was organised to mark the occasion.
Paragraph 2: "Can’t Stand the Pain" is a song by the Bulgarian rock band “Sevi” and it was the first official single with featured video of Sevi band.  Written by Svetlana “Sevi” Bliznakova in her early years of composing, the song was originally recorded as a collaboration between Sevi and Peter Bratanov.  He was former guitarist of the alternative rock band "Awake" and year later, became a member of the band Sevi and the song was recorded as an official debut single and video of the band.  “Can’t Stand The Pain” turned out to be a very successful choice for Sevi.  It was liked by the Bulgarian fans of the band, and also it brought Sevi an international success.  Thanks to this song, they were chosen for "Band of the week" in Lima (Peru).
Paragraph 3: ...And Out Come the Wolves is the third studio album by the American punk rock band Rancid.  It was released on August 22, 1995, through Epitaph Records.  Rancid's popularity and catchy songs made them the subject of a major label bidding war (hence the title, "...And Out Come the Wolves" taken from a poem in Jim Carroll's The Basketball Diaries) that ended with the band staying on Epitaph.  With a sound heavily influenced by ska, which called to mind Tim Armstrong and Matt Freeman's past in Operation Ivy, Rancid became one of the few bands of the mid-to late-1990s boom in punk rock to retain much of its original fanbase.  In terms of record sales and certifications, "…And Out Come the Wolves" is a popular album in the United States.  It produced three hit singles: "Roots Radicals", "Time Bomb" and "Ruby Soho", that earned Rancid its heaviest airplay on MTV and radio stations to date.  All the singles charted on Modern Rock Tracks. " …And Out Come the Wolves" was certified gold by the RIAA on January 22, 1996.  It was certified platinum on September 23, 2004.
Paragraph 4: Midnight Oil (also known informally as "The Oils" to fans) are an Australian rock band, who originally performed as Farm from 1972 with drummer Rob Hirst, bass guitarist Andrew James and keyboard player/lead guitarist Jim Moginie.  While vocalist Peter Garrett was studying at Australian National University in Canberra, he answered an advertisement for a spot in Farm, and by 1975 the band was touring the east coast of Australia.  By late 1976, Garrett moved to Sydney to complete his law degree, and Farm changed its name to Midnight Oil by drawing the name out of a hat.
Paragraph 5: Peter Gifford (born 5 April 1955), sometimes known as "Giffo," is an Australian musician.  From 1980 until 1987 he played bass guitar, Chapman Stick and sang backing vocals for Australian rock band Midnight Oil.  His last recorded work with the oils was diesel and dust.  he did not tour this album and Bones Hillman was recruited to play bass and fill the hole in what was a raucous rhythm section (Bones remains the oils base man still).
Paragraph 6: The Chosen Few were an Australian rock band active between 1985 to 1992.  Signed to Mushroom Records and managed by Stuart Coupe, the Chosen Few released four singles and a lone album "Friends, Foes and Firewood" (1990).  Despite constant national touring (including opening for major touring acts like Jerry Harrison, Cheap Trick and Billy Joel on their respective Australian tours) and receiving support from the country's most influential radio stations; chart success eluded the Chosen Few with only a cover version of the band's song 'Rise' becoming a hit for popular Australian singer Daryl Braithwaite.  Braithwaite's version of 'Rise' is also the title track of his successful 1990 album, and remains a staple on Australian commercial radio.
Paragraph 7: Kill Casino is an English rock band, featuring Karen Luan on lead vocals and bass, Chris Ryan on guitar and Paul-Luc Gifford on drums.
Paragraph 8: Manwomanchild is a rock band from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania fronted by David Child.  The band was started in Rhode Island in 2008.  In February 2010, the band release a self-titled EP recorded at Machines with Magnets in Pawtucket, RI.  The band's lineup for the EP and album consisted of David Child on vocals, guitars, and synths, Mason Neely on drums, and Craig Gifford on bass.  In May 2010, Manwomanchild released the song "Chile La Roja" in support of Chile's 2010 World Cup team.  The song was featured in 4 national newspapers and on 2 Chilean TV networks.
Paragraph 9: Saving Forever is an American pop rock band from South Chicago, Illinois made up of brothers Khaden (born 2004), Kye (born 2002) and Kavah Harris (born 2001).  The trio released "Twenty 1" followed by the single "Million Ways" in 2017 accompanied by a music video.  The sibling band comes from a very musical family.  It was picked as Elvis Duran's Artist of the Month and was featured on NBC's "Today" show hosted by Kathie Lee Gifford and Hoda Kotb and broadcast nationally where they performed live their single "Million Ways".
Paragraph 10: "Come On, Come In" is a song by American hard rock band Velvet Revolver, featured on the soundtrack to the 2005 superhero film "Fantastic Four".  When released as a promotional single in the United States on June 21, 2005, the song reached number 14 on the American "Billboard" Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.  The lyrics were written by vocalist Scott Weiland and the music was written by Weiland and the rest of the band; the song was produced by the band, Douglas Grean and Nick Raskulinecz.  The music video for "Come On, Come In" was directed by Wayne Isham.
Question: How did the name of Peter Gifford's rock band (1980-1987) come to be chosen?
Answer:

Answer: drawing the name out of a hat


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: The 2017–18 NBA season will be the 72nd season of the National Basketball Association (NBA).  The regular season will begin on October 17, 2017, earlier than previous seasons to reduce the number of "back-to-back" games teams are scheduled to play, with the 2017 runners-up Cleveland Cavaliers hosting a game against the Boston Celtics at Quicken Loans Arena in Cleveland, Ohio.  Christmas games will be played on December 25.  The 2018 NBA All-Star Game will be played on February 18, 2018, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California.  The regular season will end on April 11, 2018 and the playoffs will begin on April 14, 2018.
Paragraph 2: The 2013 NBA All-Star Game was an exhibition basketball game that was played on February 17, 2013 at Toyota Center in Houston, Texas, the current home of the Houston Rockets.  This game was the 62nd edition of the National Basketball Association (NBA) All-Star Game and was played during the 2012–13 NBA season.  The Houston Rockets were awarded the All-Star Game in an announcement by commissioner David Stern on February 8, 2012.  This was the third time that Houston had hosted the All-Star Game; the city had previously hosted the event in 1989 at the Astrodome and 2006 at the Toyota Center.  The West won the game 143–138, and Chris Paul of the Los Angeles Clippers was named the game's most valuable player (MVP).
Paragraph 3: The 2004 NBA All-Star Game was an exhibition basketball game which was played on February 15, 2004 at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, home of the Lakers and Clippers.  This game was the 53rd edition of the North American National Basketball Association (NBA) All-Star Game and was played during the 2003–04 NBA season.
Paragraph 4: The 2018 NBA All-Star Game will be the 67th edition and is an exhibition basketball game that will be played on February 18, 2018.  It will be held at Staples Center in Los Angeles, California, home of the Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Clippers.  In an announcement on March 22, 2016, it will be the sixth time that Los Angeles will host the All-Star Game and the first time since 2011.
Paragraph 5: The Los Angeles Clippers Training Center is a 42500 sqfoot two-story training facility for the Los Angeles Clippers of the National Basketball Association (NBA).  Located in the planned community of Playa Vista in Los Angeles near Loyola Marymount University, the facility is at least 1 mi away from nearby beaches (Playa Del Rey, Marina Del Rey, and Venice), 3 mi north of Los Angeles International Airport, and 12 mi southwest of Staples Center.  While the team maintains some office functions at Staples Center, the Playa Vista facility serves as the official headquarters of the Clippers.
Paragraph 6: The 2011 NBA All-Star Game was an exhibition basketball game that was played on February 20, 2011 at Staples Center in Los Angeles, California, home of the Los Angeles Clippers and the Los Angeles Lakers.  This game was the 60th edition of the National Basketball Association (NBA) All-Star Game and was played during the 2010–11 NBA season.  The Los Angeles Clippers and Los Angeles Lakers served as the hosts.  The Clippers and Lakers were both awarded the All-Star Game in an announcement by commissioner David Stern on June 9, 2009.  This was the second time that the Staples Center had hosted the All-Star Game; the arena had previously hosted the event in 2004.  This will be the fifth time that Los Angeles had hosted the All-Star Game; before Staples Center opened in 1999, the city had previously hosted the event in 1963, 1972, and 1983.  Rihanna, Kanye West and Drake were the halftime performers, while Keri Hilson, Lenny Kravitz and Bruno Mars were the entertainment for pre-show festivities.
Paragraph 7: Staples Center, officially stylized as STAPLES Center, is a multi-purpose sports arena in Downtown Los Angeles.  Adjacent to the L.A. Live development, it is located next to the Los Angeles Convention Center complex along Figueroa Street.  Opening on October 17, 1999, it is one of the major sporting facilities in the Greater Los Angeles Area.
Paragraph 8: The Lakers–Clippers rivalry is a National Basketball Association (NBA) rivalry between the Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Clippers.  The two Pacific Division teams both play their home games at Staples Center in Los Angeles, inspiring their matchups to sometimes be called the "Hallway Series".  The Lakers relocated from Minneapolis in 1960, while the Clippers moved from San Diego in 1984.  Los Angeles fans have historically favored the Lakers.  But the Clippers have sold out every home game at Staples Center since Feb. 2011 and entered the 2016–17 season with the sixth-longest active sellout streak in the NBA.  The Lakers have won 11 of their 16 NBA championships since moving to Los Angeles.  Meanwhile, the Clippers have made the playoffs only nine times since 1984 and were long considered the laughingstock of the NBA; in the history of the franchise, they have never advanced past the second round of the playoffs.  Some contended that the term "rivalry" was inaccurate until the Clippers became more successful.  For the first time in 20 years, the Clippers won the season series against the Lakers in 2012–13.  This was the first of five straight season series victories for the Clippers, which included season sweeps in both 2014-15 and 2015-16.  With the Clippers' 3-1 series win in 2016-17, the Lakers have now won the season series just four times in the past 13 seasons, with five Clippers wins, four Lakers wins, and four ties.  The Lakers hold a 99–47 advantage in the all-time series against the Clippers.  The two teams have never met in the playoffs.
Paragraph 9: SummerSlam (2011) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by WWE that took place on August 14, 2011.  It was the twenty-fourth annual SummerSlam event and the third consecutive SummerSlam at Staples Center in Los Angeles, California.  Six matches were scheduled for the event, with a seventh was added during the show when Alberto Del Rio cashed in his "Money in the Bank" briefcase and defeated CM Punk.  SummerSlam attracted a sellout crowd of 17,404 fans at Staples Center in Los Angeles, grossing more than $1 million, marking the highest grossing SummerSlam held at Staples Center.  The event garnered 296,000 pay-per-view buys, down from 350,000 buys the previous year.
Paragraph 10: Canelo Álvarez vs. Alfonso Gómez was a Light Middleweight fight for the WBC World title.  The fight took place in Staples Center, Los Angeles, California, United States on 17 September 2011 on the Floyd Mayweather Jr.-Victor Ortiz pay-per-view broadcast.  The Mayweather-Ortiz fight took place at another location at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada taking place on the Mexican Independence weekend.  Fans at Staples Center will be able to see the live feed from Las Vegas and also see Canelo Alvarez fight live that night, and the people in Las Vegas can see the live feed from the Canelo fight in the Staples Center.
Question: When will the exhibition basketball game which will hold at the Staples Center in Los Angeles, California be played
Answer:

Answer: February 18, 2018


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: Wandawega Lake and Wandawega Lake Resort (Camp Wandewega) are located in Elkhorn, Wisconsin.  The historic Camp Wandawega (formerly Wandawega Inn, Wandawega Hotel, and Wandawega Lake Resort) is listed on the Wisconsin Register of Historic Places.  The camp buildings dates to the 1920s when the modest resort was built and operated as a brothel and speakeasy.  After many run-ins with the law, the madam, Annie Peck, was finally convicted of running "a bawdy house of ill fame", and sent to the women's prison in Taycheeday, WI in 1942.  Her husband Gordon Peck was also convicted and served time.  The resort was reopened circa 1950 as the Wandawega Lake Resort.  The property was purchased by a Latvian order of Catholic priests in 1961.  The Latvian Marian Fathers used the property as a Latvian Catholic cultural retreat center, including an informal kid's camp in the 1970s.  The current owners, David Hernandez and Tereasa Surratt, advertising executives from Chicago, have been restoring the property since 2004.  Hernandez attended the camp as a child, as he is half-Latvian and his family were regulars there from the 1960s to the 1980s.  The camp is on 25 acres and includes a 3-story hotel, lodge, cottages, and historic memorabilia.
Paragraph 2: Howard C. Packett is a former mayor of Salem, Virginia.  Under Salem's electoral system, the mayor is a member of the city council selected by the other members to serve as mayor.  Packett was elected to his final term on the city council in May 2004, and served that term until 2008.  Packett served on the council for 24 years.  Packett became mayor in 2006 when former mayor Carl Tarpley decided not to seek another term.  Randy Foley replaced Packett as mayor in 2008.
Paragraph 3: WGR, or WGR Sports Radio 550, is an all sports radio station in Buffalo, New York that broadcasts on 550 AM.  It is the flagship station of the Buffalo Bills and Buffalo Sabres, carrying a mostly locally originated sports talk and play-by-play lineup.  Its studios are located in Amherst, New York, and transmitter in suburban Hamburg, New York.  Although it has a power of 5,000 watts, during the day its signal can be heard as far north as Barrie, Peterborough and Kingston, Ontario, as far west as Windsor, Ontario, as far east as Syracuse, and as far south as Sandusky, OH and Youngstown, Ohio.  At night its signal can be heard as far north as Sudbury, Barrie and Peterborough, Ontario, as far west as Guelph, Kitchener and Waterloo, Ontario, as far east as Batavia, and as far south as Jamestown and Olean.  In nearby Erie, Pennsylvania the station has a city-grade signal, primarily in Erie's eastern suburbs.  Under ownership of Entercom, its studios are located on Corporate Parkway in Amherst, New York.
Paragraph 4: The Royal Far West Children's Health Scheme also known as Royal Far West is an Australian not for profit charity based in Manly, New South Wales that provides specialist medical care and allied health support services for children from remote areas of the state.  It was founded in 1924 by Methodist missionary Reverend Stanley Drummond in Cobar.  Royal Far West provides children and their families with beachside accommodation, schooling as well as educational and recreational excursions across Manly and Sydney while receiving free medical treatment.  The patron of Royal Far West is Governor of New South Wales, Professor Marie Bashir.
Paragraph 5: Joe Carollo (born March 12, 1955), is a Cuban American politician who served as mayor of Miami, Florida.  Defeated in a run-off by former mayor Xavier Suarez, his campaign filed a successful legal change based on voter fraud, becoming mayor in 1998 until 2001.  Born in Caibarién, Cuba in 1955, Carollo moved to Miami when he was fifteen years old, having previously lived in Chicago.  Carollo was mayor of Miami during the Elián González scandal.  As mayor, Carollo supported the efforts of Elian's Miami family to keep the boy in the United States, and criticized the U.S. and Cuban governments for the raid to retrieve Elián.  Carollo lost his bid for re-election in 2001, and former mayor Maurice Ferre ran and lost against Manny Diaz, a lawyer who had represented the Miami family of Elián González.
Paragraph 6: Camp Far West Reservoir (also known as Camp Far West Lake) is a small reservoir in the foothills of Northern California located approximately 8 miles east of Wheatland, California and 45 miles northeast of Sacramento.  The lake also forms the meeting point of three California counties, Placer, Nevada and Yuba Bear River and Rock Creek, near what was formerly the confluence of the two streams.  The dam was constructed in 1963 as part of the California State Water Project to control flooding in the Central Valley (California), and to provide hydroelectric power to the surrounding area.  The facility is owned and operated by the South Sutter Water District.
Paragraph 7: Royal Lake Resort is an unincorporated community in Clinton County, Illinois, United States.  Royal Lake Resort is 3.5 mi south-southwest of Carlyle.
Paragraph 8: Trakai (   ) (see names section for alternate and historic names) is a historic city and lake resort in Lithuania.  It lies 28 km west of Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania.  Because of its proximity to Vilnius, Trakai is a popular tourist destination.  Trakai is the administrative centre of Trakai district municipality.  The town covers 497.1 km2 of area and, according to 2007 estimates, is inhabited by 5,357 people.  A notable feature of Trakai is that the town was built and preserved by people of different nationalities.  Historically, communities of Karaims, Tatars, Lithuanians, Russians, Jews and Poles lived here.
Paragraph 9: Edmundas Zenonas Malūkas (born 15 April 1945) is a Lithuanian writer, published author and politician.  He is also the former mayor of Trakai, a historic city and lake resort in Lithuania.
Paragraph 10: The Far West (Chinese and Japanese: 泰西: "tàixī; "rōmaji": taisei " ) is a Chinese and Japanese term that refers to Europe, or more broadly, to the entire Western world.  Originally a name for parts of Inner Asia and India, the term Far West as a Chinese exonym for the West was coined by the Italian Jesuit priest Matteo Ricci.  Ricci invented the phrase as an Asian parallel to the Eurocentric notion of the Far East, which positioned Europe as a region on the fringes of a Sinocentric world.  The term Far West was also used in Japan and appears in many Japanese publications.
Question: Edmundas Malūkas was the former mayor of the lake resort how far west of the capital of Lithuania?
Answer:

Answer: 28 km


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: Socks Clinton (Spring 1989 – February 20, 2009) was the pet cat of U.S. President Bill Clinton's family during his presidency.  As an adopted stray cat, he was the only pet of the Clintons during the early years of the administration, and his likeness hosted the children's version of the White House website.  After Clinton left office, Socks resided with former Clinton secretary Betty Currie and her husband, owing to continuing conflicts with Clinton's dog Buddy.
Paragraph 2: Buddy (August 7, 1997 – January 2, 2002), a male chocolate-colored Labrador Retriever, was one of two pets kept by the Clinton family while Bill Clinton was President of the United States.  The Clintons' other pet was a cat named Socks.
Paragraph 3: Irish stepdance is a style of performance dance with its roots in traditional Irish dance.  It is generally characterized by a stiff upper body and quick and precise movements of the feet.  It can be performed solo or in groups.  Aside from public dance performances, there are also stepdance competitions all over the world.  These competitions are often called Feiseanna (singular Feis).  In Irish dance culture, a Feis is a traditional Gaelic arts and culture festival.  Costumes are considered important for stage presence in competition and performance Irish stepdance.  In many cases, costumes are sold at high prices and can even be custom made.  Males and females can both perform Irish stepdance but for the most part in today's society, the dance remains predominantly female.  This means that the costumes are mainly dresses.  Each dress is different, with varying colors and patterns, designed to attract the judge's eye in competitions and the audience's eye in performance.  General appearance besides the costume is also equally important.  Dancers would typically curl their hair before each competition.  Many dancers invest in curled wigs that match their hair color.  Poodle Socks are worn with the dresses and shoes.  These are white socks that stretch to mid calf with distinctive ribbing.
Paragraph 4: Bakhmull is an Aboriginal Afghan Hound belonging to an ancient group of oriental sighthounds.  The Afghan Royal Family were the only humans who possessed this breed.  The bakhmull tazi (tazi means " fast running sighthound" ) is a long haired variety of sighthounds in Afghanistan.  There are two more: Luchak tazi short haired like sloughi and Khalagh tazi with moderate long hair on ears, shoulders, elbows and thighs.Bakhmull tazi has developed in the mountain areas of Mid and Central Asia - ancient Punjab, Paunchala, "Five river land".  This dog breed roots back presumably in the ancient Indian Harappa( Mohenjo Daro) civilization 2300 - 1700 B.C.  If translated from Pashto (Afghan) the word "bakhmull" means "velvet" due to its incredible silky velvet, long, ivory color hair of the coat, rather abundant and long on the whole body, because it is a mountain oriental sighthound, except the "saddle", front parts of four legs and the muzzle.  Its color is always fawn, ivory or white with a darker "saddle", thus it produces an impression of a fawn (yellowish) dog which coat color is protective khaki that matches sandstone and limestone of the Hindu Kush mountain landscape and deserts.  Following colors are not permissible: red, red with white spots, black and black with white spots.  Bakhmulls hunt the wild ram, ibex (wild mountain goat), hare, fox, wolf, jackal, wild big cats, in old times leopard, but never birds.  They are also good guards; they guard homes and flocks of sheep.  They hunt solo, in couples and rarely in packs.  Since the 1980s the centre of Bakhmull breeding is in Russia, "The Blue Dale el Bark Bakhmull" Moscow, where they are spread all over the former Soviet Republics and various regions.  The foundation stock was brought to Russia in the 70s by military men from Afghanistan.  Breed Standard for tazi BAKHMULL (aboriginal Afghan Hound) was adopted in Moscow, Russia (since Russia has become the 2nd motherland of bakhmulls) first in 1985 and later after detailed elaboration in 1997 (RFOS-RKF).
Paragraph 5: Dear Socks, Dear Buddy: Kids' Letters to the First Pets is a 1998 children's book written by First Lady of the United States Hillary Rodham Clinton.  It concerns the two pets that lived in the White House during the Clinton administration, Socks the cat and Buddy the dog.
Paragraph 6: Dusty the Klepto Kitty is a domestic Snowshoe cat who gained notoriety in early 2011 for his acts of "burglary."  As of his February 2011 appearance on the "Late Show with David Letterman", Dusty had stolen 16 car wash mitts, 7 sponges, 213 dish towels, 7 wash cloths, 5 towels, 18 shoes, 73 socks, 100 gloves, 1 pair of mittens, 3 aprons, 40 balls, 4 pairs of underwear, 1 dog collar, 6 rubber toys, 1 blanket, 3 leg warmers, 2 Frisbees, 1 golf club head cover, 1 safety mask, 2 mesh bags, 1 bag of water balloons, 1 pair of pajama pants, 8 bathing suits, and 8 miscellaneous objects.
Paragraph 7: Lille Luj och Änglaljus i strumpornas hus (""Lille Luj and Änglaljus in the House of Socks"") was the Sveriges Television's Christmas calendar in 1983.  It was directed by Staffan Westerberg.  and features the two sock puppet characters Lillstrumpa and Syster Yster.  A recurring theme was the phrase "Luj dog", which is "God jul" ("Merry Christmas" in Swedish) backwards.
Paragraph 8: Merle is a pattern in a dog's coat.  "Merle" comes in different colors and patterns.  Some have blue patches throughout and are considered blue "merle"; same with red, and chocolate, although some describe merle as only a "pattern".  DNA testing identifies the "Merle" gene but not the variety of colors and patterns seen in the coats of the dogs with the gene.  A dilute black (BB or Bb) dog is generally known as blue, but a dog with a merle coat does not test BB or Bb but still is a blue dilute from the "merle" gene The merle gene creates mottled patches of color in a solid or piebald coat, blue or odd-colored eyes, and can affect skin pigment as well.  Health issues are more typical and more severe when two merles are bred together, so it is recommended that a merle be bred to a dog with a solid coat color only.
Paragraph 9: The Miniature Schnauzer is a breed of small dog of the Schnauzer type that originated in Germany in the mid-to-late 19th century.  Miniature Schnauzers developed from crosses between the Standard Schnauzer and one or more smaller breeds such as the Poodle and Affenpinscher, as farmers bred a small dog that was an efficient ratting dog.  They are described as "spunky" but aloof dogs, with good guarding tendencies without some guard dogs' predisposition to bite.  Miniature Schnauzers are recognized in three colors internationally: solid black, black and silver, and a color known as 'salt and pepper'.  There is a controversial fourth color variant in Miniature Schnauzers, pure white, which is not recognized universally.
Paragraph 10: Club Atlético Zacatepec is a Mexican football team based in Zacatepec, Morelos.  They are nicknamed "Cañeros" (Sugarcane growers).  Their colors are white and green (from sugar and sugarcane, respectively).  Their uniform color is a white shirt with a big green line in the middle and white shorts and socks.  Their greatest achievements were in the 1950s when Zacatepec won two titles in First Division.  They won their first league title in the 1954–1955 season and their second title in the 1957–1958 season.  Zacatepec won the Copa Mexico championship in the 1958–1959 season.
Question: What color was the dog that Socks had conflicts with?
Answer:

Answer: chocolate-colored


Instruction: Answer the question based on the given paragraphs. Note that some paragraphs might be irrelevant.

Input:
Paragraph 1: Pratia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Paragraph 2: Sutherlandia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae.
Question: Are Sutherlandia and Pratia in the same family?
Answer: no.

Paragraph 1: Jiroemon Kimura (木村 次郎右衛門 , Kimura Jirōemon , April 19, 1897 – June 12, 2013) was a Japanese supercentenarian.  He became the oldest verified male in history on December 28, 2012, at the age of 115 years and 253 days when he surpassed the age of Christian Mortensen who died in 1998, and also became the first and so far the only man who indisputably reached 116 years of age, being 116 years, 54 days old at the time of his death from natural causes on June 12, 2013, in a hospital in his hometown of Kyōtango, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.  He was the last known living man born in the 19th century.
Paragraph 2: Gbadamosi Adegoke Adelabu (3 September 1915 – 25 March 1958) was a prominent personality in the politics of Ibadan city and subsequently that of the Western Region of Nigeria right before the country's independence in 1960.  He was Nigeria's Minister of Natural Resources and Social Services from January 1955 to January 1956 and was later the opposition leader in the Western Regional Assembly until his death in 1958.  He was a self-made man born into a humble family but became an influential figure in Nigerian politics.  He attended Government College, Ibadan and eventually became a business man.  His successful political career was cut short when he was killed in a car crash, not long before Nigeria gained independence from Britain.
Paragraph 3: Cagliostro-Walzer op.370 is a waltz by Johann Strauss II composed in 1875 based on themes from his operetta, Cagliostro in Wien which premiered on 27 February 1875 at the famous Theater an der Wien.
Paragraph 4: The compositions of Sergei Rachmaninoff (1873–1943) cover a variety of musical forms and genres.  Born in Russia, he studied at the Moscow Conservatory with Nikolai Zverev and Anton Arensky, and while there, composed some of his most famous works, including the first piano concerto (Op. 1) and the Prelude in C-sharp minor (Op. 3, No. 2).  Although spread over three different opuses, he did go on to complete an important set of 24 preludes in all the major and minor keys.  His Symphony No. 1 (Op. 13) was one of his first compositions as a "Free Artist" after graduation, and subsequently his first critical failure.  The derision he received sent him into depression.  After being sent through autosuggestive therapy, he composed his second piano concerto (Op. 18), which is still part of the major orchestra repertoire today.  In 1909, he made his first tour of the United States, and composed Piano Concerto No. 3 (Op. 30), notable for its difficult cadenza.  After this, due to migration from Russia in 1917 and his busy concert career, his output as a composer decreased, and during this period, he completed only six compositions.  His last work, "Symphonic Dances" (Op. 45), was completed in 1940.
Paragraph 5: The World According to Garp is John Irving's fourth novel, about a man born out of wedlock to a feminist leader who grows up to be a writer.  Published in 1978, the book was a bestseller for several years.  It was a finalist for the National Book Award for Fiction in 1979, and its first paperback edition won the Award the following year.
Paragraph 6: Johann Strauss II (October 25, 1825 – June 3, 1899), also known as Johann Strauss Jr., the Younger, the Son (German: "Sohn" ), Johann Baptist Strauss, was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas.  He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas and a ballet.  In his lifetime, he was known as "The Waltz King", and was largely then responsible for the popularity of the waltz in Vienna during the 19th century.
Paragraph 7: GetBackers (Japanese: ゲットバッカーズ -奪還屋- , Hepburn: Gettobakkāzu Dakkan'ya , lit.  "GetBackers: Recovery Service") is a Japanese manga series written by Yuya Aoki and illustrated by Rando Ayamine.  The series was serialized and is published by Kodansha's "Weekly Shōnen Magazine" from 1999 until 2007, totaling 39 volumes.  The plot follows the "GetBackers", a group that retrieves anything that was lost.  The team is primarily composed of Ban Mido, a man born with the illusionary technique "Evil Eye", and Ginji Amano the former leader of a gang called "The VOLTS", a powerful group in the dangerous territory called the Infinity Fortress in Shinjuku.
Paragraph 8: James Emmanuel "Doc" Sisnett (22 February 1900 – 23 May 2013) was a Barbadian supercentenarian.  Born and raised in Saint George, he spent his life as a blacksmith, sugar factory worker, and farmer, not retiring from the latter until he turned 100.  In excellent health throughout his life, he died at the age of 113 years, 90 days and held a number of distinctions.  Among them, he was the verified oldest man in the Western Hemisphere, the second-oldest man in the world, and the last surviving black man born in the 19th century.  He was also the only verified supercentenarian from Barbados and, along with Jiroemon Kimura (who died 20 days after Sisnett), one of the last men born in the 19th century.
Paragraph 9: The episodes for the anime series "GetBackers" were produced by Studio Deen and based on the manga series of the same name written by Yuya Aoki and illustrated by Rando Ayamine.  The series premiered on Tokyo Broadcasting System in Japan on October 5, 2002 and ran for forty-nine episodes until September 20, 2003 under direction of Kazuhiro Furuhashi and Keitaro Motonaga.  The plot follows the "GetBackers", a group that retrieves anything that was lost.  The team is primary composed by Ban Mido, a man born with the illusionary technique "Evil Eye", and Ginji Amano the former leader of a gang called "The VOLTS", a powerful group in the dangerous territory called the Limitless Fortress in Shinjuku.
Paragraph 10: Claude Stanley Choules ( ; 3 March 1901 – 5 May 2011) was an English-born military serviceman from Perth, Australia who at the time of this death was the oldest combat veteran of the First World War from England, having served with the Royal Navy from 1915 until 1926, after having emigrated to Australia he served with the Australian Royal Navy, from 1926 until 1956, as a Chief Petty Officer and was a naturalised Australian citizen.  He was the last surviving military witness to the scuttling of the German fleet in Scapa Flow in 1919.  He was also the last surviving veteran to have served in both world wars, at the time of his death, he was also the third-oldest verified military veteran in the world and the oldest known living man in Australia.  He was the seventh-oldest living man in the world.  Choules became the oldest man born in the United Kingdom following the death of Stanley Lucas on 21 June 2010.  Choules died in at the age of 110 years and 63 days.  He had been the oldest British-born man; following his death, that honour went to Reverend Reginald Dean.  In December 2011, the landing ship HMAS "Choules" was named after him, only the second Royal Australian Navy vessel named after a sailor.
Question: Cagliostro-Walzer op.370 was composed by a man born in what year?
Answer:

Answer: 1825