 Verbless poetry See also Main list:               List of basic poetry topics  List of literary terms Literature Poet Poetry Further reading M. H. Abrams.
<meaning-changed>  Verbless poetry See also Main list:               List of basic poetry topics  List of literary terms Literature Poet Poetry Further reading M. H. Abrams.
 Verbless poetry See also Main list: Fixed form (French: forme fixe): the three 14th- and 15th-century French poetic forms: Ballade: three 8-line stanzas ("ababbcbC") and a 4-line envoi ("bcbC"). The last line of the first stanza is repeated verbatim at the end of subsequent stanzas and the envoi. Example: Algernon Charles Swinburne’s translation “Ballade des Pendus” by François Villon. Rondeau: a mainly octosyllabic poem consisting of between 10 and 15 lines and 3 stanzas. It has only 2 rhymes, with the opening words used twice as an un-rhyming refrain at the end of the 2nd and 3rd stanzas. Virelai Found poem: a prose text or texts reshaped by a poet into quasi-metrical lines. Haiku: a type of short poem, originally from Japan, consisting of three lines in a 5, 7, 5 syllable pattern.Lanoue, David G. Issa, Cup-of-tea Poems: Selected Haiku of Kobayashi Issa, Asian Humanities English-language haiku: an unrhymed tercet poem in the haiku style. Lekythion: a sequence of seven alternating long and short syllables at the end of a verse. Landay: a form of Afghani folk poetry that is composed as a couplet of 22 syllables. Mukhammas Pantoum: a Malaysian verse form adapted by French poets comprising a series of quatrains, with the 2nd and 4th lines of each quatrain repeated as the 1st and 3rd lines of the next. The 2nd and 4th lines of the final stanza repeat the 1st and 3rd lines of the first stanza. Pastiche Prose: a prose composition that is not broken into verse lines, instead expressing other traits such as symbols, metaphors, and figures of speech. Rondel (or roundel): a poem of 11 to 14 lines consisting of 2 rhymes and the repetition of the first 2 lines in the middle of the poem and at its end. Sonnet: a poem of 14 lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes; in English, they typically have 10 syllables per line. Caudate sonnet Crown of sonnets (aka sonnet redoublé) Curtal sonnet Petrarchan (or Italian): traditionally follows the rhyme scheme "abba, abba, cdecde"; a common variation of the end is "cdcdcd", especially within the final 6 lines Shakespearean (or English): follows the rhyme scheme abab, cdcd, efef, gg, introducing a third quatrain (grouping of four lines), a final couplet, and a greater amount of variety with regard to rhyme than is usually found in its Italian predecessors. By convention, sonnets in English typically use iambic pentameter, while in the Romance languages, the hendecasyllable and Alexandrine are the most widely used meters. Sonnet sequence Spenserian sonnet Sijo Stichic: a poem composed of lines of the same approximate meter and length, not broken into stanzas. Syllabic: a poem whose meter is determined by the total number of syllables per line, rather than the number of stresses. Tanka: a Japanese form of five lines with 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 syllables—31 in all. Villanelle: a French verse form consisting of five 3-line stanzas and a final quatrain, with the first and third lines of the first stanza repeating alternately in the following stanzas. List of basic poetry topics List of literary terms Literature Poet Poetry Further reading M. H. Abrams.