 Results for Germany show that effective IFRs  are estimated to vary largely over time.
<meaning-changed>  Results for Germany show that effective IFRs  are estimated to vary largely over time.
 Results for Germany show that effective IFRs are estimated to vary over time, as the age distributions of confirmed cases and estimated infections are changing during the course of the pandemic. In particular during the first and second waves of infections in spring and autumn/winter 2020, there has been a pronounced shift in the age distribution of confirmed cases towards older age groups, resulting in larger effective IFR estimates. The temporary increase in effective IFR during the first wave is estimated to be smaller but still remains when adjusting for age- and time-dependent dark figures.