On the basis of experimental data and mathematical equations in the literature, we remodel the ionic dynamics of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) as an eigensystem formulation, that is valid for investigating finite variations from equilibrium like in common experimental operations. This algorithm provides an alternate viewpoint on frequency-domain analysis and enables one to quantify the synchronizing timings among signaling pathways for rhythmical calcium oscillations . Numerical results show three types of calcium oscillations of SMCs in mesenteric arterioles: the spontaneous calcium oscillation, the agonist-dependent calcium oscillation, and the agonist-dependent calcium spike. For the noticeable agonist-dependent types in mesenteric SMCs, we demonstrate the flow of signaling pathways associated with intracellular calcium oscillationsand find the in-phase (out-phase) tendency among cation-cation (cation-anion), which implies the maximization of charge oscillations. For involving intercellular calcium dynamics in finite cell clusters, we observe the window-broadening of the oscillation-frequency spectrum under increasing cell numbers, which hence raises the possibility of synchronized oscillations for vasomotions. Our analyses indicate that the rhythm of SMC cluster could (1) correspond to significant enhancements of signal communications among remote cells, (2) respond to calcium sparks against transient stimulations for driving follow-up globally-oscillating modes, and (3) characterize the globally-oscillating modes via frog-leap (non-molecular-diffusion) calcium waves across inhomogeneous SMCs.
On the basis of experimental data and mathematical equations in the literature, we remodel the ionic dynamics of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) as an eigensystem formulation, which is valid for investigating finite variations of variables from the equilibrium like in common experimental operations. This algorithm provides an alternate viewpoint from frequency-domain analysis and enables one to probe functionalities of SMC's rhythm by means of a resonance-related mechanism . Numerical results show three types of calcium oscillations of SMCs in mesenteric arterioles: spontaneous calcium oscillation, agonist-dependent calcium oscillation, and agonist-dependent calcium spike. For simple single and double SMCs, we demonstrate properties of synchronization among complex signals related to calcium oscillations, and show different correlation relations between calcium and voltage signals for various synchronization and resonance conditions. For practical cell clusters, our analyses indicate that the rhythm of SMCs could (1) benefit enhancements of signal communications among remote cells, (2) respond to a significant calcium peaking against transient stimulations for triggering globally-oscillating modes, and (3) characterize the globally-oscillating modes via frog-leap (non-molecular-diffusion) calcium waves across inhomogeneous SMCs.
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