As of 2007, Greece had the eighth highest percentage of tertiary enrollment in the world (with the percentages for female students being higher than for male) while Greeks of the Diaspora are equally active in the field of education. Hundreds of thousands of Greek students attend western universities every year while the faculty lists of leading Western universities contain a striking number of Greek names. Notable Greek scientists of modern times include Indologist Dimitrios Galanos, Dr Georgios Papanicolaou (  inventor of the Pap test) , mathematician Constantin Carathéodory , archaeologists Manolis Andronikos  , Valerios Stais  , Spyridon Marinatos  and Ioannis Svoronos , computer scientists Michael Dertouzos  , John Argyris , Nicholas Negroponte, Joseph Sifakis (2007 Turing Award , the "Nobel Prize" of Computer Science ), Christos Papadimitriou (2002 Knuth Prize , 2012 Gödel Prize ) and Mihalis Yannakakis (2005 Knuth Prize) , physicists Achilles Papapetrou  , Dimitri Nanopoulos and John Iliopoulos (2007 Dirac Prize for his contributions on the physics of the charm quark, a major contribution to the birth of the Standard Model, the modern theory of Elementary Particles), astronomer Eugenios Antoniadis , biologist Fotis Kafatos , botanist Theodoros Orphanides , economist Xenophon Zolotas , linguist Yiannis Psycharis , historians Constantine Paparrigopoulos  and Helene Glykatzi Ahrweiler  and political scientists Nicos Poulantzas  and Cornelius Castoriadis  .
As of 2007, Greece had the eighth highest percentage of tertiary enrollment in the world (with the percentages for female students being higher than for male) while Greeks of the Diaspora are equally active in the field of education. Hundreds of thousands of Greek students attend western universities every year while the faculty lists of leading Western universities contain a striking number of Greek names. Notable Greek scientists of modern times include : physician Georgios Papanicolaou ( pioneer in cytopathology, inventor of the Pap test) ; mathematician Constantin Carathéodory (acclaimed contributor to real and complex analysis and the calculus of variations); archaeologists Manolis Andronikos (unearthed the tomb of Philip II) , Valerios Stais (recognised the Antikythera mechanism) , Spyridon Marinatos (specialised in Mycenaean sites) and Ioannis Svoronos ; chemists Leonidas Zervas (of Bergmann-Zervas synthesis and Z-group discovery fame), K. C. Nicolaou (first total synthesis of taxol) and Panayotis Katsoyannis (first chemical synthesis of insulin); computer scientists Michael Dertouzos and Nicholas Negroponte (known for their early work with the World Wide Web) , John Argyris (co-creator of the FEM), Joseph Sifakis (2007 Turing Award ), Christos Papadimitriou (2002 Knuth Prize ) and Mihalis Yannakakis (2005 Knuth Prize) ; physicist-mathematician Demetrios Christodoulou (renowned for work on Minkowski spacetime) and physicists Achilles Papapetrou (known for solutions of general relativity) , Dimitri Nanopoulos (extensive work on particle physics and cosmology), and John Iliopoulos (2007 Dirac Prize for work on the charm quark); astronomer Eugenios Antoniadis ; biologist Fotis Kafatos (contributor to cDNA cloning technology); botanist Theodoros Orphanides ; economist Xenophon Zolotas (held various senior posts in international organisations such as the IMF); Indologist Dimitrios Galanos; linguist Yiannis Psycharis (promoter of Demotic Greek); historians Constantine Paparrigopoulos (founder of modern Greek historiography) and Helene Glykatzi Ahrweiler (excelled in Byzantine studies); and political scientists Nicos Poulantzas (a leading Structural Marxist) and Cornelius Castoriadis (philosopher of history and ontologist, social critic, economist, psychoanalyst) .
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Indologist Dimitrios Galanos, Dr
: physician
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pioneer in cytopathology,
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;
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(acclaimed contributor to real and complex analysis and the calculus of variations);
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(unearthed the tomb of Philip II)
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(recognised the Antikythera mechanism)
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(specialised in Mycenaean sites)
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; chemists Leonidas Zervas (of Bergmann-Zervas synthesis and Z-group discovery fame), K. C. Nicolaou (first total synthesis of taxol) and Panayotis Katsoyannis (first chemical synthesis of insulin);
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and Nicholas Negroponte (known for their early work with the World Wide Web)
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, Nicholas Negroponte,
(co-creator of the FEM),
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, the "Nobel Prize" of Computer Science
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, 2012 Gödel Prize
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; physicist-mathematician Demetrios Christodoulou (renowned for work on Minkowski spacetime) and
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(known for solutions of general relativity)
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and
(extensive work on particle physics and cosmology), and
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his contributions on the physics of the charm quark, a major contribution to the birth of the Standard Model, the modern theory of Elementary Particles),
work on the charm quark);
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;
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(contributor to cDNA cloning technology);
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;
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(held various senior posts in international organisations such as the IMF); Indologist Dimitrios Galanos;
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,
(promoter of Demotic Greek);
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(founder of modern Greek historiography)
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(excelled in Byzantine studies);
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(a leading Structural Marxist)
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(philosopher of history and ontologist, social critic, economist, psychoanalyst)