A continuum model has been posited for the global analysis of data pertaining to the semantic network of a complex operating system ( free and open-source software ) . While the frequency distributions of links in both the in-directed and out-directed dependency networks of this system follow Zipf's law for the intermediate nodes, the richest nodes, as well as the weakest nodes, deviate from this trend , and exhibit a saturation behaviour arising from the finiteness of semantic possibilities in the network. To preserve uniqueness of operations in the network, the nodes obey an "exclusion principle", with no two nodes being exactly alike in their functionality. The parameters related to finite-size behaviour make a quantitative distinction between the two directed networks of incoming and outgoing links . Dynamic evolution , over two generations of free software releases , shows that the saturation properties of the in-directed and out-directed networks are oppositely affected . For the out-degree distribution, whose top nodes form the foundation of the entire network, the initial condition for a dynamic model, evolving towards a steady scale-free frequency distribution of nodes, determines the finite limit to the number of top nodes that the mature out-directed network can have  .
A continuum model has been proposed to fit the data pertaining to the directed networks in free and open-source software . While the degree distributions of links in both the in-directed and out-directed dependency networks follow Zipf's law for the intermediate nodes, the most richly linked nodes, as well as the most poorly linked nodes, deviate from this trend and exhibit finite-size effects. The finite-size parameters make a quantitative distinction between the in-directed and out-directed networks . Dynamic evolution of free software releases shows that the finite-size properties of the in-directed and out-directed networks are opposite in nature . For the out-degree distribution, the initial condition for a dynamic evolution also corresponds to the limiting count of rich nodes that the mature out-directed network can have . The number of nodes contributing out-directed links grows with each passing generation of software release, but this growth ultimately saturates towards a finite value due to the finiteness of semantic possibilities in the network .
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