Diffusion and evolution 300px |Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf, Iraq where Shia Muslims believe Ali ibn Abi Talib is buried.|left 300px |Kampung Hulu Mosque, the oldest mosque in Malaysia  A similar integration of foreign and local influences could be seen on the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Java, where mosques, including the Demak Great Mosque, were first established in the 15th century. Early Javanese mosques took design cues from Hindu, Buddhist, and Chinese architectural influences, with tall timber, multi-level roofs similar to the pagodas of Balinese Hindu temples; the ubiquitous Islamic dome did not appear in Indonesia until the 19th century. In turn, the Javanese style influenced the styles of mosques in Indonesia's Austronesian neighbors—Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines. 300px|Namazgah Mosque in 2018, once completed it will be the largest mosque in the Balkans. Muslim empires were instrumental in the evolution and spread of mosques. Although mosques were first established in India during the 7th century, they were not commonplace across the subcontinent until the arrival of the Mughals in the 16th and 17th centuries. Reflecting their Timurid origins, Mughal-style mosques included onion domes, pointed arches, and elaborate circular minarets, features common in the Persian and Central Asian styles. The Jama Masjid in Delhi and the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, built in a similar manner in the mid-17th century, remain two of the largest mosques on the Indian subcontinent.  The Umayyad Caliphate was particularly instrumental in spreading Islam and establishing mosques within the Levant, as the Umayyads constructed among the most revered mosques in the region — Al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, and the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. The designs of the Dome of the Rock and the Umayyad Mosque were influenced by Byzantine architecture, a trend that continued with the rise of the Ottoman Empire. 300px|Faisal Mosque in Islamabad is the largest mosque in Pakistan and in South Asia with a capacity of 300,000
Diffusion and evolution 250px |Imam Ali Mosque in Najaf, Iraq where Shia Muslims believe Ali ibn Abi Talib is buried.|left 250px |Kampung Hulu Mosque, the oldest mosque in Malaysia 250px|Namazgah Mosque in 2018, once completed it will be the largest mosque in the Balkans. A similar integration of foreign and local influences could be seen on the Indonesian islands of Sumatra and Java, where mosques, including the Demak Great Mosque, were first established in the 15th century. Early Javanese mosques took design cues from Hindu, Buddhist, and Chinese architectural influences, with tall timber, multi-level roofs similar to the pagodas of Balinese Hindu temples; the ubiquitous Islamic dome did not appear in Indonesia until the 19th century. In turn, the Javanese style influenced the styles of mosques in Indonesia's Austronesian neighbors—Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines. Muslim empires were instrumental in the evolution and spread of mosques. Although mosques were first established in India during the 7th century, they were not commonplace across the subcontinent until the arrival of the Mughals in the 16th and 17th centuries. Reflecting their Timurid origins, Mughal-style mosques included onion domes, pointed arches, and elaborate circular minarets, features common in the Persian and Central Asian styles. The Jama Masjid in Delhi and the Badshahi Mosque in Lahore, built in a similar manner in the mid-17th century, remain two of the largest mosques on the Indian subcontinent. 250px|Faisal Mosque in Islamabad is the largest mosque in Pakistan and in South Asia with a capacity of 300,000 The Umayyad Caliphate was particularly instrumental in spreading Islam and establishing mosques within the Levant, as the Umayyads constructed among the most revered mosques in the region — Al-Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, and the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus. The designs of the Dome of the Rock and the Umayyad Mosque were influenced by Byzantine architecture, a trend that continued with the rise of the Ottoman Empire. 
R
300px
250px
R
300px
250px
A
250px|Namazgah Mosque in 2018, once completed it will be the largest mosque in the Balkans.
D
300px|Namazgah Mosque in 2018, once completed it will be the largest mosque in the Balkans.
A
250px|Faisal Mosque in Islamabad is the largest mosque in Pakistan and in South Asia with a capacity of 300,000
D
300px|Faisal Mosque in Islamabad is the largest mosque in Pakistan and in South Asia with a capacity of 300,000