The Welsh Not (also Welsh Knot, Welsh Note, Welsh Stick, Welsh Lead or Cwstom) was an item used in Welsh schools in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries to stigmatise and punish through floggingThe Atlas - Saturday 22 January 1848 (page 6) children who were heard using the Welsh language. In the early 19th century it became clear that the Church in Wales (which was under the control of Church of England at the time) manipulated their congregations by planting unsuited people to propagate anti-Welsh rhetoric towards their congregation by the means of eradicating the language, feeling alienated, the attendees abandoned the church and left the buildings deserted, this may have been one contributing factor for triggering the Rebecca Riots . Within the Walls of Westminster, the removal of the language was further widely discussed, which is evident in the published 'Parliamentary Papers - Volume 16' [1844], which reads; 'as far as your experience goes, there is a general desire for education, and the parents are desirous that their children should learn the English language?--Beyond anything.' and later reading mentions: 'There is the greatest anxiety to catch one another speaking Welsh, and there is a cry out immediately, "Welsh not."' Parliamentary Papers - Volume 16, p102. Although no direct correlation can be made to use of the Welsh Not and the decline of those speaking Welsh, the decline of its use well into the 19th and 20th century and the long term stigma attached to the use of the language, clearly shows it had an effect. The 1911 census showed that by the beginning of the 20th century the numbers of those speaking Welsh were dramatically declining. 43.5\% of its now 2.5 million population in Wales spoke Welsh, with 35\% of those being bilingual in Welsh and English. The 1921 census does show that 87.8\% of individuals could Speak Welsh in Anglesey, while in Cardiff, the Capital of Wales, only 5.2\% of individuals could speak the language. Some have used this to suggest the Welsh education system (being standardised) must therefore not be the key variable in keeping the language alive.
The Welsh Not (also Welsh Knot, Welsh Note, Welsh Stick, Welsh Lead or Cwstom) was an item used in Welsh schools in the 18th, 19th and 20th centuries to stigmatise and punish through floggingThe Atlas – Saturday 22 January 1848 (page 6) children who were heard using the Welsh language. In the early 19th century it became clear that the Church in Wales (which was under the control of Church of England at the time) manipulated their congregations by planting unsuited people to propagate anti-Welsh rhetoric towards their congregation by the means of eradicating the language, feeling alienated, the attendees abandoned the church and left the buildings deserted, this may have been one contributing factor for triggering the Rebecca riots . Within the Walls of Westminster, the removal of the language was further widely discussed, which is evident in the published 'Parliamentary Papers – Volume 16' [1844], which reads; 'as far as your experience goes, there is a general desire for education, and the parents are desirous that their children should learn the English language?--Beyond anything.' and later reading mentions: 'There is the greatest anxiety to catch one another speaking Welsh, and there is a cry out immediately, "Welsh not."' Parliamentary Papers – Volume 16, p102. Although no direct correlation can be made to use of the Welsh Not and the decline of those speaking Welsh, the decline of its use well into the 19th and 20th century and the long term stigma attached to the use of the language, clearly shows it had an effect. The 1911 Census showed that by the beginning of the 20th century the numbers of those speaking Welsh were dramatically declining. 43.5\% of its now 2.5 million population in Wales spoke Welsh, with 35\% of those being bilingual in Welsh and English. The 1921 Census does show that 87.8\% of individuals could Speak Welsh in Anglesey, while in Cardiff, the Capital of Wales, only 5.2\% of individuals could speak the language. Some have used this to suggest the Welsh education system (being standardised) must therefore not be the key variable in keeping the language alive.
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