A major shift is happening within neurophysiology: a population doctrine is drawing level with the single-neuron doctrine that has long dominated the field. Population-level ideas have so far had their greatest impact in motor neurophysiology , but they hold incredible promise for resolving open questions in cognition  . Here, we codify the population doctrine and survey recent work that leverages this view to  probe cognition. Our discussion URLanized around five core concepts that provide a foundation for population-level thinking: (1) state spaces, (2) manifolds, (3) coding dimensions, (4) subspaces, and (5) dynamics. The work we review illustrates the progress and promise that population neurophysiology holds for cognitive neuroscience-for delivering new insight into attention, working memory, decision-making, executive function, and learning .
A major shift is happening within neurophysiology: a population doctrine is drawing level with the single-neuron doctrine that has long dominated the field. Population-level ideas have so far had their greatest impact in motor neuroscience , but they hold great promise for resolving open questions in cognition as well . Here, we codify the population doctrine and survey recent work that leverages this view to specifically probe cognition. Our discussion URLanized around five core concepts that provide a foundation for population-level thinking: (1) state spaces, (2) manifolds, (3) coding dimensions, (4) subspaces, and (5) dynamics. The work we review illustrates the progress and promise that population neurophysiology holds for cognitive neuroscience-for delivering new insight into attention, working memory, decision-making, executive function, learning, and reward processing .
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learning, and reward processing