Reaching preliminary conclusions (usually negative) with little (if any) evidence. Two specific subtypes are identified: Mind reading: Inferring a person's possible or probable (usually negative) thoughts from his or her behavior and nonverbal communication; taking precautions against the worst suspected case without asking the person. Example 1: A student assumes that the readers of his or her paper have already made up their minds concerning its topic, and, therefore, writing the paper is a pointless exercise. Example 2: Kevin assumes that because he sits alone at lunch, everyone else must think he is a loser. (This can encourage self-fulfilling prophecy; Kevin may not initiate social contact because of his fear that those around him already perceive him negatively). Fortune-telling: Predicting outcomes (usually negative) of events. Example: A depressed person tells themselves they will never improve; they will continue to be depressed for their whole life. One way to combat this distortion is to ask, “If this is true, does it say more about me or them?" A form of overgeneralization; attributing a person's actions to his or her character instead of to an attribute. Rather than assuming the behaviour to be accidental or otherwise extrinsic, one assigns a label to someone or something that is based on the inferred character of that person or thing. The goal of CR is to help the client change his or her perceptions to render the felt experience as less significant.
Reaching preliminary conclusions (usually negative) with little (if any) evidence. Two specific subtypes are identified: Mind reading: Inferring a person's possible or probable (usually negative) thoughts from their behavior and nonverbal communication; taking precautions against the worst suspected case without asking the person. Example 1: A student assumes that the readers of their paper have already made up their minds concerning its topic, and, therefore, writing the paper is a pointless exercise. Example 2: Kevin assumes that because he sits alone at lunch, everyone else must think he is a loser. (This can encourage self-fulfilling prophecy; Kevin may not initiate social contact because of his fear that those around him already perceive him negatively). Fortune-telling: Predicting outcomes (usually negative) of events. Example: A depressed person tells themselves they will never improve; they will continue to be depressed for their whole life. One way to combat this distortion is to ask, “If this is true, does it say more about me or them?" A form of overgeneralization; attributing a person's actions to their character instead of to an attribute. Rather than assuming the behaviour to be accidental or otherwise extrinsic, one assigns a label to someone or something that is based on the inferred character of that person or thing. The goal of CR is to help the client change their perceptions to render the felt experience as less significant.
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