Cause Crosstalk occurs only in dual chamber or biventricular pacemakers, though it rarely seen more recent models of dual chamber pacemakers due to  ventricular blanking period, which coincides with the atrial stimulus  to prevent ventricular channel oversensing of atrial output , along with bipolar leads with a smaller pacing spike, and steroid eluting leads with a lower pacing threshold . Crosstalk is more common in unipolar systems due to larger pacing spike. Crosstalk is sometimes referred to as known crosstalk inhibition, far-field sensing, or self-inhibition. In some cases, crosstalk can occur in the pulse generator circuit itself, though more common causes include atrial lead dislodgement into the ventricle, ventricular lead dislodgement into the atrium, high atrial output current, high ventricular sensitivity, and short ventricular blanking period.
Cause Crosstalk can only occur in dual chamber or biventricular pacemaker. It happens less often in more recent models of dual chamber pacemakers due to the addition of a ventricular blanking period, which coincides with the atrial stimulus . This helps to prevent ventricular channel oversensing of atrial output . Newer dual chamber pacemakers also use bipolar leads with a smaller pacing spike, and steroid eluting leads with lower pacing thresholds . Crosstalk is more common in unipolar systems since they require a larger pacing spike. Crosstalk is sometimes referred to as crosstalk inhibition, far-field sensing, or self-inhibition. In some cases, crosstalk can occur in the pulse generator circuit itself, though more common causes include atrial lead dislodgement into the ventricle, ventricular lead dislodgement into the atrium, high atrial output current, high ventricular sensitivity, and short ventricular blanking period.
R
occurs only
can only occur
R
pacemakers, though it rarely seen
pacemaker. It happens less often in
A
the addition of a
A
. This helps
R
, along with
. Newer dual chamber pacemakers also use
R
a lower pacing threshold
lower pacing thresholds
R
due to
since they require a
D
known