Examining networks designed to tackle wicked problems in health care, such as caring for older people or reducing sexually transmitted infections, Ferlie and colleagues suggest that managed networks may be the "least bad" way of "making wicked problems governable".Ferlie, E., Fitzgerald, L., McGivern, G., Dopson, S. & Bennett, C. (2013) 'Making Wicked Problems Governable?: The Case of Managed Networks in Health Care.' Oxford University PressFerlie, E., McGivern, G. & Fitzgerald, L. (2012) 'A New Mode of Organising in Health Care? UK Cancer Services & Governmentality'. Social Science & Medicine, 74 (3) 340-7.Ferlie, E., McGivern, G., Fitzgerald, L., Dopson, S. & Bennett, C. (2011) 'Public Policy Networks & 'Wicked Problems': A Nascent Solution?' Public Administration, 89 (2) 307–324. Communication of Wicked Problems Scientific Wicked Problems as Communication Issues Scientific knowledge is both a tool to lend expertise to wicked problems such as climate change and  COVID-19  but the scientific field's emerging technologies and their applications (such as gene editing and its applications) can be considered wicked problems in and of themselves. Among scientists, there is an continued outdated belief that knowledge deficits within the public are what hinder scientific progress and application with around 95\% of scientists listing it as an objective for scientific engagement.Scheufele, D. A. “Communicating Science in Social Settings.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 110, no. Supplement_3, 2013, pp. 14040–14047., doi:10.1073/pnas.1213275110. Rose, Kathleen M., et al. “Scientists’ Incentives and Attitudes toward Public Communication.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 117, no. 3, 2020, pp. 1274–1276., doi:10.1073/pnas.1916740117. However, research on public opinion has found that more knowledge can lead to both more support for science or less dependent on the issue  debated.Bucchi M, Trench BBauer MW (2006) Survey research on public understanding of science. Handbook of Public Communication of Science and Technology, eds Bucchi M, Trench B (Routledge, New York), pp 111–129 Additionally, although risk communication shapes public perception, so do individual heuristics in power ways. Within the context of wicked problems, it's inherent to their nature that there is no right answer and no one group or person with the ability to determine the answer either. Christopher D. Wirz, Dietram A. Scheufele & Dominique Brossard (2020)Societal Debates About Emerging Genetic Technologies: Toward a Science of Public Engagement, Environmental Communication, 14:7, 859-864, DOI:10.1080/17524032.2020.1811478 In other words, although the issues mentioned above should have scientific input shaping the resolutions, the problem is not made up by scientific questions alone but also moral, political and economic questions as well that science cannot answer. In this respect, leaders in the field of science communication label wicked problems as communication issues, as the scientific as well as moral/political/economic questions need to be considered together to move forward Christopher D. Wirz , Dietram A. Scheufele & Dominique Brossard (2020) Societal Debates About Emerging Genetic Technologies: Toward a Science of Public Engagement, Environmental Communication, 14:7, 859-864, DOI: 10.1080/17524032.2020.181147 Problem structuring methods
Examining networks designed to tackle wicked problems in health care, such as caring for older people or reducing sexually transmitted infections, Ferlie and colleagues suggest that managed networks may be the "least bad" way of "making wicked problems governable".Ferlie, E., Fitzgerald, L., McGivern, G., Dopson, S. & Bennett, C. (2013) 'Making Wicked Problems Governable?: The Case of Managed Networks in Health Care.' Oxford University PressFerlie, E., McGivern, G. & Fitzgerald, L. (2012) 'A New Mode of Organising in Health Care? UK Cancer Services & Governmentality'. Social Science & Medicine, 74 (3) 340-7.Ferlie, E., McGivern, G., Fitzgerald, L., Dopson, S. & Bennett, C. (2011) 'Public Policy Networks & 'Wicked Problems': A Nascent Solution?' Public Administration, 89 (2) 307–324. Communication of wicked problems Scientific wicked problems as communication issues Scientific knowledge is both a tool to lend expertise to wicked problems such as climate change and the COVID-19 pandemic but the scientific field's emerging technologies and their applications (such as gene editing and its applications) can be considered wicked problems in and of themselves. Among scientists, there is an continued outdated belief that knowledge deficits within the public are what hinder scientific progress and application with around 95\% of scientists listing it as an objective for scientific engagement.Scheufele, D. A. “Communicating Science in Social Settings.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 110, no. Supplement_3, 2013, pp. 14040–14047., doi:10.1073/pnas.1213275110. Rose, Kathleen M., et al. “Scientists’ Incentives and Attitudes toward Public Communication.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 117, no. 3, 2020, pp. 1274–1276., doi:10.1073/pnas.1916740117. However, research on public opinion has found that more knowledge can lead to more support for science or less support, depending on the issue that is being debated.Bucchi M, Trench BBauer MW (2006) Survey research on public understanding of science. Handbook of Public Communication of Science and Technology, eds Bucchi M, Trench B (Routledge, New York), pp 111–129 Additionally, although risk communication shapes public perception, so do individual heuristics in power ways. Within the context of wicked problems, it's inherent to their nature that there is no right answer and no one group or person with the ability to determine the answer either. Christopher D. Wirz, Dietram A. Scheufele & Dominique Brossard (2020)Societal Debates About Emerging Genetic Technologies: Toward a Science of Public Engagement, Environmental Communication, 14:7, 859-864, DOI:10.1080/17524032.2020.1811478 In other words, although the issues mentioned above should have scientific input shaping the resolutions, the problem is not made up by scientific questions alone but also moral, political and economic questions as well that science cannot answer. In this respect, leaders in the field of science communication label wicked problems as communication issues, as the scientific as well as moral/political/economic questions need to be considered together to move forward Christopher D. Wirz , Dietram A. Scheufele & Dominique Brossard (2020) Societal Debates About Emerging Genetic Technologies: Toward a Science of Public Engagement, Environmental Communication, 14:7, 859-864, DOI: 10.1080/17524032.2020.181147 Problem structuring methods
R
Wicked Problems Scientific Wicked Problems as Communication Issues
wicked problems Scientific wicked problems as communication issues
A
the
A
pandemic
D
both
R
dependent
support, depending
A
that is being