Graciano López y Jaena (December 18, 1856 – January 20, 1896), commonly known as Graciano López Jaena (), was a Filipino journalist, orator, reformist  and national hero who is well known for his newspaper, La Solidaridad. Philippine historians regard López Jaena, along with Marcelo H. del Pilar and José Rizal, as the triumvirate of Filipino propagandists. Of these three ilustrados, López Jaena was the first to arrive in Spain and may have begun the Propaganda Movement  which advocated the reform of the then-Spanish colony of the Philippines and which eventually led to the armed Philippine Revolution that begun in Manila in 1896. The Propaganda Movement was a key step towards a Philippine national identity. Biography Graciano López Jaena was born in Jaro, Iloilo  in the Captaincy General of the Philippines in the Spanish Empire on December 18, 1856. His parents were Plácido López and María Jacoba Jaena. He was baptized as "Graciano López y Jaena" on December 20, 1856  at Jaro Church by Plácido de Isana, and his godfather was Rufino Justiniano.Agoncillo, Teodoro A. (1990). History of The Filipino People (8th ed.) GAROTECH publishing: Quezon City, PhilippinesYoder, Robert L. (August 7, 1999). Graciano López Jaena. Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna. Feeling that the priesthood was the most noble profession, his mother sent him to study at the St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary in Jaro. While there, he served as a secretary to his uncle, Claudio López, who was the honorary vice consul of Portugal in Iloilo. During this period, his visits with the poor began to stir feelings about the injustices that were common. At the age of 18 he wrote the satirical story Fray Botod  which depicted a fat and lecherous friar. Botod’s false piety "always had the Virgin and God on his lips no matter how unjust and underhanded his acts are." This incurred the fury of the friars. Although the story was not published, a copy circulated in Iloilo but the friars could not prove that López was the author. López Jaena died of tuberculosis on January 20, 1896  in Barcelona, eleven months short of his 40th birthday. The following day, he was buried in a mass grave at the Montjuïc Cemetery of Barcelona. He died in poverty and his remains have not been brought back to the Philippines.Tuano, D. (March 11, 2013). Graciano Lopez Jaena's remains still in Barcelona. ABS-CBN News. Numerous Streets throughout the Philippines was named after him in his honor. Category:1856 births Category:1896 deaths Category:19th-century deaths from tuberculosis Category:Filipino journalists Category:Tuberculosis deaths in Spain Category:People of the Philippine Revolution Category:People from Iloilo City Category:Filipino Freemasons Category:Spanish-language writers of the Philippines Category:Filipino expatriates in Spain Category:19th-century journalists Category:Male journalists Category:19th-century male writers Category:University of Valencia alumni Category:Visayan peop
Graciano López y Jaena (December 18, 1856 – January 20, 1896), commonly known as Graciano López Jaena (), was a Filipino journalist, orator, reformist , and national hero who is well known for his newspaper, La Solidaridad. Philippine historians regard López Jaena, along with Marcelo H. del Pilar and José Rizal, as the triumvirate of Filipino propagandists. Of these three ilustrados, López Jaena was the first to arrive in Spain and may have begun the Propaganda Movement , which advocated the reform of the then-Spanish colony of the Philippines and which eventually led to the armed Philippine Revolution that begun in Manila in 1896. The Propaganda Movement was a key step towards a Philippine national identity. Biography Graciano López Jaena was born in Jaro, Iloilo , in the Captaincy General of the Philippines in the Spanish Empire on December 18, 1856. His parents were Plácido López and María Jacoba Jaena. He was baptized as "Graciano López y Jaena" on December 20, 1856 , at Jaro Church by Plácido de Isana, and his godfather was Rufino Justiniano.Agoncillo, Teodoro A. (1990). History of The Filipino People (8th ed.) GAROTECH publishing: Quezon City, PhilippinesYoder, Robert L. (August 7, 1999). Graciano López Jaena. Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Vienna. Feeling that the priesthood was the most noble profession, his mother sent him to study at the St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary in Jaro. While there, he served as a secretary to his uncle, Claudio López, who was the honorary vice consul of Portugal in Iloilo. During this period, his visits with the poor began to stir feelings about the injustices that were common. At the age of 18 he wrote the satirical story Fray Botod , which depicted a fat and lecherous friar. Botod’s false piety "always had the Virgin and God on his lips no matter how unjust and underhanded his acts are." This incurred the fury of the friars. Although the story was not published, a copy circulated in Iloilo but the friars could not prove that López was the author. López Jaena died of tuberculosis on January 20, 1896 , in Barcelona, 11 months short of his 40th birthday. The following day, he was buried in a mass grave at the Montjuïc Cemetery of Barcelona. He died in poverty and his remains have not been brought back to the Philippines.Tuano, D. (March 11, 2013). Graciano Lopez Jaena's remains still in Barcelona. ABS-CBN News. Numerous streets throughout the Philippines are named after him in his honor. Category:1856 births Category:1896 deaths Category:19th-century deaths from tuberculosis Category:Filipino journalists Category:Tuberculosis deaths in Spain Category:People of the Philippine Revolution Category:People from Iloilo City Category:Filipino Freemasons Category:Spanish-language writers of the Philippines Category:Filipino expatriates in Spain Category:19th-century journalists Category:Male journalists Category:19th-century male writers Category:University of Valencia alumni Category:Visayan people Category:Filipino newspaper editor
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