270px|Rescue efforts to save the 33 Chilean miners trapped 700 meters from the surface continue. After seeing video images filmed by one of the miners Ruth Contreras, the mother of Carlos Bravo, who is trapped in the mine, said the "he's skinny, bearded and it was painful to see him with his head hanging down, but I am so happy to see him alive ". As the film continues, it becomes evident that the miners have stuck a poster of a topless woman on the wall. The miners appear shy, and one man puts his hand to his face, presumably dazzled by the light mounted on the cameraman's helmet. One miner sent a message to his family. "Be calm", he says. "We're going to get out of here. And we thank you from the bottom of our hearts for your efforts." Another said that the miners are "sure that there are people here in Chile that are big people, that are powerful people, that are intelligent people, and they have the technology and they will all work together to get us out of here ". Speaking to the camera, one says: "we have had the great fortune that trapped in this mine there are good, professional people. We have electricians, we have mechanics, we have machine operators and we will let you know that while you are working to rescue us on the surface, we are down here ready to help you too." It has been reported that Mario Gómez, 63, has become the group's "spiritual leader", having worked in the mines for over fifty years. He has requested that materials to build a shrine be sent down to the cavern. But while there are jubilant celebrations on the surface that the miners are alive, officials are now nervous that the miners could become depressed, trapped in a dark room the size of a small apartment. Chilean health minister Jaime Mañalich said that, on the video, he saw the telltale signs of depression. "They are more isolated, they don't want to be on the screen, they are not eating well", he said. "I would say depression is the correct word ". He said that doctors who had watched the video had observed the men suffering from "severe dermatological problems ". Dr. Rodrigo Figueroa, head of the trauma, stress and disaster unit at the in Santiago, Chile, explained that "following the euphoria of being discovered, the normal psychological reaction would be for the men to collapse in a combination of fatigue and stress ... People who are trained for emergencies – like these miners – tend to minimize their own needs or to ignore them. When it is time to ask for help, they don't ". NASA has advised emergency workers that entertaining the miners would be a good idea. They are to be sent a television system complete with taped football matches. Another dilemma facing Mañalich is whether the miners should be permitted to smoke underground. While nicotine gum has been delivered to the miners, sending down cigarettes is a plan that has not been ruled out. 300px|The message sent up confirming that the miners were alive. "We are fine in the shelter the 33" [of us], it reads. With the news that drilling of the main rescue tunnel was expected to begin on Monday, officials have informed the media that they hope to have the miners out of the mine by Christmas—but sources with access to technical meetings have suggested that the miners could actually be rescued by the first week of November. A news report described the rescue plan—"the main focus is a machine that bores straight down to 688m and creates a chimney-type duct that could be used to haul the miners out one by one in a rescue basket. A second drilling operation will attempt to intercept a mining tunnel at a depth of roughly 350m. The miners would then have to make their way through several miles of dark, muddy tunnels and meet the rescue drill at roughly the halfway point of their current depth of 688m." Ivan Viveros Aranas, a Chilean policeman working at Camp Hope, told reporters that Chile "has shown a unity regardless of religion or social class. You see people arriving here just to volunteer, they have no relation at all to these families ". But over the weekend, The New York Times reported that the "miners who have astonished the world with their discipline a half-mile underground will have to aid their own escape — clearing 3,000 to 4,000 tons of rock that will fall as the rescue hole is drilled, the engineer in charge of drilling said Sunday ... The work will require about a half-dozen men working in shifts 24 hours a day." Andres Sougarret, a senior engineer involved in operating the drill said that “ the miners are going to have to take out all that material as it falls ". The families of those trapped were allowed to speak to them by radio-telephone on Sunday—a possibility that brought reassurance both the miners and those on the surface. The governor of the Atacama region , Ximena Matas, said that there had been "moments of great emotion ". She continued to say that the families "listened with great interest and they both felt and realized that the men are well. This has been a very important moment, which no doubt strengthens their [the miners'] morale ". The phone line is thought to be quite temperamental, but it is hoped that soon, those in the mine and those in Camp Hope will be able to talk every day. "To hear his voice was a balm to my heart ... He is aware that the rescue is not going to happen today, that it will take some time. He asked us to stay calm as everything is going to be OK ... He sounded relaxed and since it was so short I didn't manage to ask anything. Twenty seconds was nothing", said said Jessica Cortes, who spoke to her husband Victor Zamora, who was not even a miner, but a vehicle mechanic. "He went in that day because a vehicle had broken down inside the mine ... At first they told us he had been crushed [to death]."
270px|Rescue efforts to save the 33 Chilean miners trapped 700 meters from the surface continue. After seeing video images filmed by one of the miners Ruth Contreras, the mother of Carlos Bravo, who is trapped in the mine, said the "he's skinny, bearded and it was painful to see him with his head hanging down, but I am so happy to see him alive ." As the film continues, it becomes evident that the miners have stuck a poster of a topless woman on the wall. The miners appear shy, and one man puts his hand to his face, presumably dazzled by the light mounted on the cameraman's helmet. One miner sent a message to his family. "Be calm", he says. "We're going to get out of here. And we thank you from the bottom of our hearts for your efforts." Another said that the miners are "sure that there are people here in Chile that are big people, that are powerful people, that are intelligent people, and they have the technology and they will all work together to get us out of here ." Speaking to the camera, one says: "we have had the great fortune that trapped in this mine there are good, professional people. We have electricians, we have mechanics, we have machine operators and we will let you know that while you are working to rescue us on the surface, we are down here ready to help you too." It has been reported that Mario Gómez, 63, has become the group's "spiritual leader", having worked in the mines for over fifty years. He has requested that materials to build a shrine be sent down to the cavern. But while there are jubilant celebrations on the surface that the miners are alive, officials are now nervous that the miners could become depressed, trapped in a dark room the size of a small apartment. Chilean health minister Jaime Mañalich said that, on the video, he saw the telltale signs of depression. "They are more isolated, they don't want to be on the screen, they are not eating well", he said. "I would say depression is the correct word ." He said that doctors who had watched the video had observed the men suffering from "severe dermatological problems ." Dr. Rodrigo Figueroa, head of the trauma, stress and disaster unit at the in Santiago, Chile, explained that "following the euphoria of being discovered, the normal psychological reaction would be for the men to collapse in a combination of fatigue and stress ... People who are trained for emergencies – like these miners – tend to minimize their own needs or to ignore them. When it is time to ask for help, they don't ." NASA has advised emergency workers that entertaining the miners would be a good idea. They are to be sent a television system complete with taped football matches. Another dilemma facing Mañalich is whether the miners should be permitted to smoke underground. While nicotine gum has been delivered to the miners, sending down cigarettes is a plan that has not been ruled out. 300px|The message sent up confirming that the miners were alive. "We are fine in the shelter the 33" [of us], it reads. With the news that drilling of the main rescue tunnel was expected to begin on Monday, officials have informed the media that they hope to have the miners out of the mine by Christmas—but sources with access to technical meetings have suggested that the miners could actually be rescued by the first week of November. A news report described the rescue plan—"the main focus is a machine that bores straight down to 688m and creates a chimney-type duct that could be used to haul the miners out one by one in a rescue basket. A second drilling operation will attempt to intercept a mining tunnel at a depth of roughly 350m. The miners would then have to make their way through several miles of dark, muddy tunnels and meet the rescue drill at roughly the halfway point of their current depth of 688m." Iván Viveros Aranas, a Chilean policeman working at Camp Hope, told reporters that Chile "has shown a unity regardless of religion or social class. You see people arriving here just to volunteer, they have no relation at all to these families ." But over the weekend, The New York Times reported that the "miners who have astonished the world with their discipline a half-mile underground will have to aid their own escape — clearing 3,000 to 4,000 tons of rock that will fall as the rescue hole is drilled, the engineer in charge of drilling said Sunday ... The work will require about a half-dozen men working in shifts 24 hours a day." Andrés Sougarret, a senior engineer involved in operating the drill said that " the miners are going to have to take out all that material as it falls ." The families of those trapped were allowed to speak to them by radio-telephone on Sunday—a possibility that brought reassurance both the miners and those on the surface. The Intendant of the , Ximena Matas, said that there had been "moments of great emotion ." She continued to say that the families "listened with great interest and they both felt and realized that the men are well. This has been a very important moment, which no doubt strengthens their [the miners'] morale ." The phone line is thought to be quite temperamental, but it is hoped that soon, those in the mine and those in Camp Hope will be able to talk every day. "To hear his voice was a balm to my heart ... He is aware that the rescue is not going to happen today, that it will take some time. He asked us to stay calm as everything is going to be OK ... He sounded relaxed and since it was so short I didn't manage to ask anything. Twenty seconds was nothing", said said Jessica Cortes, who spoke to her husband Victor Zamora, who was not even a miner, but a vehicle mechanic. "He went in that day because a vehicle had broken down inside the mine ... At first they told us he had been crushed [to death]."
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governor of the Atacama region
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