The gradual accumulation of damage and dysregulation during the aging of URLanisms is readily quantified. Even so, the aging process is complex -- with multiple interacting physiological scales . Computational models that simulate realistic individual trajectories of health during aging, and that include mortality, can significantly advance our understanding of aging  . To do so, they must be systems-level models that incorporate interactions between measurable aspects of age-associated changes. To incorporate individual variability in the aging process, models must be stochastic. To be useful they should also be predictive, and so must be fit or parameterized by data from large populations of aging individuals. In this perspective, we outline where we have been, where we are, and where we hope to go in computational models of aging. Our focus is on  systems-level models, and on their great potential in aging research.
The gradual accumulation of damage and dysregulation during the aging of URLanisms can be quantified. Even so, the aging process is complex and has multiple interacting physiological scales -- from the molecular to cellular to whole tissues. In the face of this complexity, we can significantly advance our understanding of aging with the use of computational models that simulate realistic individual trajectories of health as well as mortality . To do so, they must be systems-level models that incorporate interactions between measurable aspects of age-associated changes. To incorporate individual variability in the aging process, models must be stochastic. To be useful they should also be predictive, and so must be fit or parameterized by data from large populations of aging individuals. In this perspective, we outline where we have been, where we are, and where we hope to go with such computational models of aging. Our focus is on data-driven systems-level models, and on their great potential in aging research.
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is readily
can be
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. Computational models that simulate realistic individual trajectories of health during aging, and that include mortality,
-- from the molecular to cellular to whole tissues. In the face of this complexity, we
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with the use of computational models that simulate realistic individual trajectories of health as well as mortality
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in
with such
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data-driven