Eratosthenes (276194 BC) who invented the discipline of geography. He made the first known reliable estimation of the Earth's size. He is considered the father of mathematical geography and geodesy.Avraham Ariel, Nora Ariel Berger (2006)."Plotting the globe: stories of meridians, parallels, and the international". Greenwood Publishing Group. p.12.Jennifer Fandel (2006)."The Metric System". The Creative Company. p. 4. Ptolemy (c. 90c. 168), who compiled Greek and Roman knowledge to produce the book Geographia. Abū Rayhān Bīrūnī (9731048 AD), considered the father of geodesy.Akbar S. Ahmed (1984). "Al-Beruni: The First Anthropologist", RAIN 60, pp. 9–10.H. Mowlana (2001). "Information in the Arab World", Cooperation South Journal 1. Ibn Sina (Avicenna, 980–1037), who formulated the law of superposition and concept of uniformitarianism in Kitāb al-Šifāʾ (also called The Book of Healing). Muhammad al-Idrisi (Dreses, 1100), who drew the Tabula Rogeriana, the most accurate world map in pre-modern times.S. P. Scott (1904), History of the Moorish Empire, pp. 461–2: Piri Reis (1465c. 1554), whose Piri Reis map is the oldest surviving world map to include the Americas and possibly Antarctica Gerardus Mercator (1512–1594), an innovative cartographer and originator of the Mercator projection. Bernhardus Varenius (1622–1650), Wrote his important work "General Geography" (1650), first overview of the geography, the foundation of modern geography. Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765), father of Russian geography and founded the study of glaciology. Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), considered the father of modern geography. Published Cosmos and founded the study of biogeography. Arnold Henry Guyot (1807–1884), who noted the structure of glaciers and advanced the understanding of glacial motion, especially in fast ice flow. Louis Agassiz (1807–1873), the author  Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), founder of modern biogeography and the W Vasily Dokuchaev (1840–1903), patriarch of Russian geography and founder  Wladimir Peter Köppen (1846–1940), developer of most important climate classification anf Paleoclimatology. William Morris Davis (1850–1934), father of American geography, founder of Geomorphology and developer of the geographical cycle theory. John Francon Williams FRGS (1854-1911), wrote his seminal work Geography of the Oceans published in 1881. Walther Penck (1888–1923), proponent of the cycle of erosion and the simultaneous occurrence of uplift and denudation. Sir Ernest Shackleton (1874–1922), Antarctic explorer during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Robert E. Horton (1875–1945), found concepts such as infiltration capacity and overland flow. J Harlen Bretz (1882–1981), pioneer of reseathe shaping of landscapes by catastrophic floods, most notably the Bretz (Missoula) floods. Luis García Sáinz (1894–1965), pioneer of physiraphy in Spain. Willi Dansgaard (1922–2011), palaeoclimatologist and quaternary scientist, instrumental in the use of oxygen-isotope dating and co-identifier of Dansgaard-Oeschger events. Hans Oeschger (1927– 19er in ice core research, co-identifier of Dansgaard-Orschger events. Richard Chorley (1927–2002), a key contributemsthat oscillations in climate over the past few million years could be correlated with variations in the orbital and positional relationsween the Earth and the Sun. Stefan Rahmstorf (born 1960), professor of abrupt cl and author on theories of thermohaline dyn
Eratosthenes (276194 BC) who invented the discipline of geography. He made the first known reliable estimation of the Earth's size. He is considered the father of mathematical geography and geodesy.Avraham Ariel, Nora Ariel Berger (2006)."Plotting the globe: stories of meridians, parallels, and the international". Greenwood Publishing Group. p.12.Jennifer Fandel (2006)."The Metric System". The Creative Company. p. 4. Ptolemy (c. 90c. 168), who compiled Greek and Roman knowledge to produce the book Geographia. Abū Rayhān Bīrūnī (9731048 AD), considered the father of geodesy.Akbar S. Ahmed (1984). "Al-Beruni: The First Anthropologist", RAIN 60, pp. 9–10.H. Mowlana (2001). "Information in the Arab World", Cooperation South Journal 1. Ibn Sina (Avicenna, 980–1037), who formulated the law of superposition and concept of uniformitarianism in Kitāb al-Šifāʾ (also called The Book of Healing). Muhammad al-Idrisi (Dreses, 1100), who drew the Tabula Rogeriana, the most accurate world map in pre-modern times.S. P. Scott (1904), History of the Moorish Empire, pp. 461–2: Piri Reis (1465c. 1554), whose Piri Reis map is the oldest surviving world map to include the Americas and possibly Antarctica Gerardus Mercator (1512–1594), an innovative cartographer and originator of the Mercator projection. Bernhardus Varenius (1622–1650), Wrote his important work "General Geography" (1650), first overview of the geography, the foundation of modern geography. Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765), father of Russian geography and founded the study of glaciology. Alexander von Humboldt (1769–1859), considered the father of modern geography. Published Cosmos and founded the study of biogeography. Arnold Henry Guyot (1807–1884), who noted the structure of glaciers and advanced the understanding of glacial motion, especially in fast ice flow. Louis Agassiz (1807–1873), the author of a glacial theory which disputed the notion of a steady-cooling Earth. Alfred Russel Wallace (1823–1913), founder of modern biogeography and the Wallace line. Vasily Dokuchaev (1840–1903), patriarch of Russian geography and founder of pedology. Wladimir Peter Köppen (1846–1940), developer of most important climate classification and founder of Paleoclimatology. William Morris Davis (1850–1934), father of American geography, founder of Geomorphology and developer of the geographical cycle theory. John Francon Williams FRGS (1854-1911), wrote his seminal work Geography of the Oceans published in 1881. Walther Penck (1888–1923), proponent of the cycle of erosion and the simultaneous occurrence of uplift and denudation. Sir Ernest Shackleton (1874–1922), Antarctic explorer during the Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration. Robert E. Horton (1875–1945), founder of modern hydrology and concepts such as infiltration capacity and overland flow. J Harlen Bretz (1882–1981), pioneer of research into the shaping of landscapes by catastrophic floods, most notably the Bretz (Missoula) floods. Luis García Sáinz (1894–1965), pioneer of physical geography in Spain. Willi Dansgaard (1922–2011), palaeoclimatologist and quaternary scientist, instrumental in the use of oxygen-isotope dating and co-identifier of Dansgaard-Oeschger events. Hans Oeschger (1927– 1998), palaeoclimatologist and pioneer in ice core research, co-identifier of Dansgaard-Orschger events. Richard Chorley (1927–2002), a key contributor to the quantitative revolution and the use of systems theory in geography. Sir Nicholas Shackleton (1937–2006), who demonstrated that oscillations in climate over the past few million years could be correlated with variations in the orbital and positional relationship between the Earth and the Sun. Stefan Rahmstorf (born 1960), professor of abrupt climate changes and author on theories of thermohaline dynamics.
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