Biological oceanography Biological oceanography – The study of how organisms affect and are affected by the physics, chemistry, and geology of the oceanographic system Algae scrubber – A biological water filter which uses light to grow algae which removes undesirable chemicals from the water Algal bloom – Rapid increase or accumulation in the population of planktonic algae Apparent oxygen utilisation – The difference between oxygen gas solubility and the measured oxygen concentration in water with the same physical and chemical properties Artificial seawater – A mixture of dissolved mineral salts (and sometimes vitamins) that simulates seawater Bacterioplankton – The bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column Bacterioplankton counting methods – Methods for the estimation of the abundance of bacterioplankton in a specific body of water Marine life – The plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries Biological pump – The ocean's biologically driven sequestration of carbon from the atmosphere to deep sea water and sediment  Bioturbation – The reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants Blue carbon – The carbon captured by the world's oceans and coastal ecosystems Brown algae – A large group of multicellular algae, comprising the class Phaeophyceae Continental shelf pump – Hypothetical mechanism transporting carbon from shallow continental shelf waters to the adjacent deep ocean Critical depth – A hypothesized surface mixing depth at which phytoplankton growth is precisely matched by losses of phytoplankton biomass within this depth interval Deep chlorophyll maximum – A subsurface maximum in the concentration of chlorophyll in the ocean or a lake. Diatom – A class of microalgae, found in the oceans, waterways and soils of the world Diel vertical migration – A pattern of daily vertical movement characteristic of many aquatic species Eustigmatophyte – A small group of algae with marine, freshwater and soil-living species F-ratio – In oceanic biogeochemistry, the fraction of total primary production fuelled by nitrate Fish reproduction – The reproductive physiology of fishes Gelatinous zooplankton – Fragile and often translucent animals that live in the water column Heterotrophic picoplankton – The fraction of plankton composed by cells between 0.2 and 2 μm that do not perform photosynthesis Ichthyoplankton – The eggs and larvae of fish that drift in the water column Joint Global Ocean Flux Study – An international research programme on the fluxes of carbon between the atmosphere and ocean, and within the ocean interior List of eukaryotic picoplankton species – List of eukaryotic species which have one of their cell dimensions smaller than 3 μm List of marine ecoregions – As defined by the WWF and The Nature Conservancy Marine  biology – The scientific study of organisms that live in the ocean Marine habitats – A habitat that supports marine life Marine botany – The study of aquatic plants and algae that live in seawater of the open ocean and the littoral zone, along shorelines of the intertidal zone, and in brackish water of estuaries. Marine ecosystem – Any ecosystems in the marine environment  Marine microorganisms – Any life form too small for the naked human eye to see that lives in a marine environment Microalgae – Microscopic algae, typically found in freshwater and marine systems, living in both the water column and sediment Milky seas effect – A luminous phenomenon in the ocean in which large areas of seawater appear to glow brightly enough at night to be seen by satellites orbiting Earth Minimum depth of occurrence – The shallowest depth in the ocean at which a species is observed Mycoplankton – Fungal members of the plankton communities of aquatic ecosystems Ocean acidification in the Great Barrier Reef – The eggs and larvae of fish that drift in the water column Photosynthetic picoplankton – Phytoplankton – Autotrophic members of the plankton ecosystem Picobiliphyte – A group of eukaryotic algae which are among the smallest members of photosynthetic picoplankton. Picoeukaryote – Picoplanktonic eukaryotic organisms 3.0 μm or less in size Picoplankton – The fraction of plankton composed by cells between 0.2 and 2 μm that can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic and phototrophs or heterotrophs Plankton – Organisms that live in the water column and are incapable of swimming against a current Polar seas – A collective term for the Arctic Ocean and the southern part of the Southern Ocean Productivity (ecology) – The rate of generation of biomass in an ecosystem Project Kaisei – Project to study and clean up the Great Pacific garbage patch Pseudoplankton – Organisms that cannot float, but attach themselves to planktonic organisms or other floating objects Raphidophyte – A class of aquatic algae Red tide – A common name for a worldwide phenomenon known as an algal bloom Sea snot – A collection of mucus-like organic matter found in the sea Seston – The organisms and non-living matter swimming or floating in a water body Thin layers (oceanography) – Congregations of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the water column only a few tens of centimeters in vertical thickness Whale feces – The excrement of whales and its role in the ecology of the oceans
Biological oceanography Biological oceanography – The study of how organisms affect and are affected by the physics, chemistry, and geology of the oceanographic system Algae scrubber – A biological water filter which uses light to grow algae which removes undesirable chemicals from the water Algal bloom – Rapid increase or accumulation in the population of planktonic algae Apparent oxygen utilisation – The difference between oxygen gas solubility and the measured oxygen concentration in water with the same physical and chemical properties Artificial seawater – A mixture of dissolved mineral salts (and sometimes vitamins) that simulates seawater Bacterioplankton – The bacterial component of the plankton that drifts in the water column Bacterioplankton counting methods – Methods for the estimation of the abundance of bacterioplankton in a specific body of water Biological pump – The ocean's biologically driven sequestration of carbon from the atmosphere to deep sea water and sediment Biomineralization – The process by which living organisms produce minerals Bioturbation – The reworking of soils and sediments by animals or plants Blue carbon – The carbon captured by the world's oceans and coastal ecosystems Brown algae – A large group of multicellular algae, comprising the class Phaeophyceae Continental shelf pump – Hypothetical mechanism transporting carbon from shallow continental shelf waters to the adjacent deep ocean Critical depth – A hypothesized surface mixing depth at which phytoplankton growth is precisely matched by losses of phytoplankton biomass within this depth interval Deep chlorophyll maximum – A subsurface maximum in the concentration of chlorophyll in the ocean or a lake. Diatom – A class of microalgae, found in the oceans, waterways and soils of the world Diel vertical migration – A pattern of daily vertical movement characteristic of many aquatic species Eustigmatophyte – A small group of algae with marine, freshwater and soil-living species F-ratio – In oceanic biogeochemistry, the fraction of total primary production fuelled by nitrate Fish reproduction – The reproductive physiology of fishes Gelatinous zooplankton – Fragile and often translucent animals that live in the water column Heterotrophic picoplankton – The fraction of plankton composed by cells between 0.2 and 2 μm that do not perform photosynthesis Ichthyoplankton – The eggs and larvae of fish that drift in the water column Joint Global Ocean Flux Study – An international research programme on the fluxes of carbon between the atmosphere and ocean, and within the ocean interior List of eukaryotic picoplankton species – List of eukaryotic species which have one of their cell dimensions smaller than 3 μm List of marine ecoregions – As defined by the WWF and The Nature Conservancy Marine biogeochemical cycles – Biogeochemical cycles that occur within marine environments Marine biology – The scientific study of organisms that live in the ocean Marine botany – The study of aquatic plants and algae that live in seawater of the open ocean and the littoral zone, along shorelines of the intertidal zone, and in brackish water of estuaries. Marine ecosystem – Any ecosystems in the marine environment Marine habitats – A habitat that supports marine life Marine life – The plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries Marine microorganisms – Any life form too small for the naked human eye to see that lives in a marine environment Microalgae – Microscopic algae, typically found in freshwater and marine systems, living in both the water column and sediment Milky seas effect – A luminous phenomenon in the ocean in which large areas of seawater appear to glow brightly enough at night to be seen by satellites orbiting Earth Minimum depth of occurrence – The shallowest depth in the ocean at which a species is observed Mycoplankton – Fungal members of the plankton communities of aquatic ecosystems Ocean acidification in the Great Barrier Reef – The eggs and larvae of fish that drift in the water column Photosynthetic picoplankton – Phytoplankton – Autotrophic members of the plankton ecosystem Picobiliphyte – A group of eukaryotic algae which are among the smallest members of photosynthetic picoplankton. Picoeukaryote – Picoplanktonic eukaryotic organisms 3.0 μm or less in size Picoplankton – The fraction of plankton composed by cells between 0.2 and 2 μm that can be prokaryotic or eukaryotic and phototrophs or heterotrophs Plankton – Organisms that live in the water column and are incapable of swimming against a current Polar seas – A collective term for the Arctic Ocean and the southern part of the Southern Ocean Productivity (ecology) – The rate of generation of biomass in an ecosystem Project Kaisei – Project to study and clean up the Great Pacific garbage patch Pseudoplankton – Organisms that cannot float, but attach themselves to planktonic organisms or other floating objects Raphidophyte – A class of aquatic algae Red tide – A common name for a worldwide phenomenon known as an algal bloom Sea snot – A collection of mucus-like organic matter found in the sea Seston – The organisms and non-living matter swimming or floating in a water body Thin layers (oceanography) – Congregations of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the water column only a few tens of centimeters in vertical thickness Whale feces – The excrement of whales and its role in the ecology of the oceans
D
Marine life – The plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries
A
Biomineralization – The process by which living organisms produce minerals
A
biogeochemical cycles – Biogeochemical cycles that occur within marine environments Marine
D
habitats – A habitat that supports marine life Marine
A
Marine habitats – A habitat that supports marine life Marine life – The plants, animals and other organisms that live in the salt water of the sea or ocean, or the brackish water of coastal estuaries