Discrete emotion theory is the claim that there is a small number of core emotions. For example, Silvan Tomkins (1962  ) concluded that there are eight basic emotions: surprise, interest, joy, rage, fear , disgust , shame, and anguish . More recently, Carroll Izard at the University of Delaware factor analytically delineated 12 discrete emotions labeled: Interest, Joy, Surprise, Sadness, Anger, Disgust, Contempt, Self-Hostility, Fear, Shame, Shyness, and Guilt (as measured via his Differential Emotions Scale or DES-IV).
Discrete emotion theory is the claim that there is a small number of core emotions. For example, Silvan Tomkins (1962 , 1963 ) concluded that there are nine basic emotions: interest , enjoyment, surprise, distress, fear, anger , shame, dissmell (reaction to bad smell) and disgust . More recently, Carroll Izard at the University of Delaware factor analytically delineated 12 discrete emotions labeled: Interest, Joy, Surprise, Sadness, Anger, Disgust, Contempt, Self-Hostility, Fear, Shame, Shyness, and Guilt (as measured via his Differential Emotions Scale or DES-IV).
A
, 1963
R
eight
nine
R
surprise, interest, joy, rage, fear
interest
R
disgust
enjoyment, surprise, distress, fear, anger
R
and anguish
dissmell (reaction to bad smell) and disgust