Stereognosis (also known as haptic perception or tactile gnosis) is the ability to perceive and recognize the form of an object in the absence of visual and auditory information, by using tactile information to provide cues from texture, size, spatial properties, and temperature, etc.Yekutiel, M., Jariwala, M., & Stretch, P. (1994). Sensory deficit in the hands of children with cerebral palsy: a new look at assessment and prevalence. Dev Med Child Neurol, 36:61-24. In humans, this sense, along with tactile spatial acuity, vibration perception, texture discrimination and proprioception, is mediated by the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway of the central nervous system. Stereognosis tests determine whether or not the parietal lobe of the brain is intact.Silvestri: Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN Exam Typically, these tests involved having the patient identify common objects (e.g. keys, comb, safety pins) placed in their hand without any visual cues.Unsworth, C.A. (2007). Cognitive and Perceptual Dysfunction. In S.B. O'Sullivan & T.J. Schmitz (Eds.), Physical Rehabilitation, 5th ed. (pp. 1180-1181). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company. Stereognosis is a higher cerebral associative cortical function. The posterior column medial lemniscus pathway is responsible for relaying sensory information regarding proprioception, vibration, and fine touch."The Ascending Tracts." Teach Me Anatomy. Teachmeanatomy.info, 1 Sept. 2016. Web. First order neurons carry sensory information from proprioceptive and tactile receptors to the medulla oblongata where they synapse in either the medullary gracilus or cunate nuclei. Information carried from regions above spinal level T6 synapse at the cunate nuclei, while information carried from T6 and below synapse at the gracilus nuclei. At this point, second order neurons decussate and relay information through the contralateral medial lemniscus to the thalamus. At the thalamus, second order neurons synapse with third order neurons, which continue through the internal capsule to the primary sensory cortex of the post central gyrus where the tract terminates. Stereognosis determines whether or not this tract is properly functioning.Irving, John B. "Stereognosis." RES MEDICA: Journal of the Royal Medical Society 6.2 (1968): 23-27. Journals.ed.ac.uk. Res Medica. Web. An individual who cannot properly identify an object using stereognosis, could suffer from lesions in nerve roots, peripheral nerves, the spinal cord, thalamus, or primary sensory cortex.Blumenfeld, Hal, MD, PhD. "Cortical Sensation, Including Extinction." Neuroanatomy through Clinical Cases. Hal Blumenfeld, n.d. Web. Because the posterior column medial lemniscus pathway travels through and relays information to these areas, a lack of proper sensation indicates a problem with this neural sensory tract. Administered tests and recognition of pattern sensory loss can identify lesions in particular nerves or areas.
Stereognosis (also known as haptic perception or tactile gnosis) is the ability to perceive and recognize the form of an object in the absence of visual and auditory information, by using tactile information to provide cues from texture, size, spatial properties, and temperature, etc.Yekutiel, M., Jariwala, M., & Stretch, P. (1994). Sensory deficit in the hands of children with cerebral palsy: a new look at assessment and prevalence. Dev Med Child Neurol, 36:61-24. In humans, this sense, along with tactile spatial acuity, vibration perception, texture discrimination and proprioception, is mediated by the dorsal column-medial lemniscus pathway of the central nervous system. Stereognosis tests determine whether or not the parietal lobe of the brain is intact.Silvestri: Saunders Comprehensive Review for the NCLEX-RN Exam Typically, these tests involved having the patient identify common objects (e.g. keys, comb, safety pins) placed in their hand without any visual cues.Unsworth, C.A. (2007). Cognitive and Perceptual Dysfunction. In S.B. O'Sullivan & T.J. Schmitz (Eds.), Physical Rehabilitation, 5th ed. (pp. 1180-1181). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company. Stereognosis is a higher cerebral associative cortical function. The dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway is responsible for relaying sensory information regarding proprioception, vibration, and fine touch."The Ascending Tracts." Teach Me Anatomy. Teachmeanatomy.info, 1 Sept. 2016. Web. First order neurons carry sensory information from proprioceptive and tactile receptors to the medulla oblongata where they synapse in either the medullary gracilus or cunate nuclei. Information carried from regions above spinal level T6 synapse at the cunate nuclei, while information carried from T6 and below synapse at the gracilus nuclei. At this point, second order neurons decussate and relay information through the contralateral medial lemniscus to the thalamus. At the thalamus, second order neurons synapse with third order neurons, which continue through the internal capsule to the primary sensory cortex of the post central gyrus where the tract terminates. Stereognosis determines whether or not this tract is properly functioning.Irving, John B. "Stereognosis." RES MEDICA: Journal of the Royal Medical Society 6.2 (1968): 23-27. Journals.ed.ac.uk. Res Medica. Web. An individual who cannot properly identify an object using stereognosis, could suffer from lesions in nerve roots, peripheral nerves, the spinal cord, thalamus, or primary sensory cortex.Blumenfeld, Hal, MD, PhD. "Cortical Sensation, Including Extinction." Neuroanatomy through Clinical Cases. Hal Blumenfeld, n.d. Web. Because the dorsal column medial lemniscus pathway travels through and relays information to these areas, a lack of proper sensation indicates a problem with this neural sensory tract. Administered tests and recognition of pattern sensory loss can identify lesions in particular nerves or areas.
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