Highest geographical features The highest volcano is Ojos del Salado on the Argentina–Chile border. It has the highest summit, , of any volcano on Earth. The highest natural lake is an unnamed crater lake on Ojos del Salado at , on the Argentina side. Another candidate was Lhagba Pool on the northeast slopes of Mount Everest, China , at an elevation of , which has since dried up. The highest navigable lake is Lake Titicaca, on the border of Bolivia and Peru in the Andes, at . The highest glacier is the Khumbu Glacier on the southwest slopes of Mount Everest in Nepal, beginning on the west side of Lhotse at an elevation of . The highest river is disputed; one candidate from many possibilities is the Ating Ho, which flows into the Aong Tso (Hagung Tso), a large lake in China , and has an elevation of about at its source at . Another very large and high river is the Yarlung Tsangpo or upper Brahmaputra River in China , whose main stem, the Maquan River, has its source at about above sea level at . Above these elevations, there are no constantly flowing rivers since the temperature is almost always below freezing. The highest island is one of a number of islands in the Orba Co lake in China , at an elevation of . Highest points attainable by transportation The highest point accessible... ...by land vehicle is an elevation of on Ojos del Salado in Chile, which was reached by the Chilean duo of Gonzalo and Eduardo Canales Moya on 21 April 2007 with a modified Suzuki Samurai, setting the high-altitude record for a four-wheeled vehicle. ...by road (dead end) is on a mining road to the summit of Aucanquilcha in Chile, which reaches an elevation of . It was once usable by 20-tonne mining trucks. (includes description and photos of Aucanquilcha summit road and mine) The road is no longer usable. ...by road (mountain pass) is disputed; there are a number of competing claims for this title due to the definition of "motorable pass" (i.e. a surfaced road or one simply passable by a vehicle): The highest asphalted road crosses Tibet's Semo La pass at . It is used by trucks and buses regularly. The Ticlio pass, on the Central Road of Peru, is the highest surfaced road in the Americas, at an elevation of . The highest unsurfaced road has several different claimants. All are unsurfaced or gravel roads including the barely passable road to Umling, LA, west of Demchok in Ladakh, India, which reaches ("19,300 feet" according to a Border Roads Organisation sign there that recognizes it as the "World's Highest Motorable Pass"), and Mana Pass, between India and China , which is crossed by a gravel road reaching . The heavily trafficked Khardung La in Ladakh lies at . A possibly motorable gravel road crosses Marsimik La in Ladakh at . ...by train is Tanggula Pass, located on the Qinghai–Tibet (Qingzang) Railway in the Tanggula Mountains of Qinghai/Tibet, China, at . The Tanggula railway station is the world's highest railway station at . Before the Qingzang Railway was built, the highest railway ran between Lima and Huancayo in Peru, reaching at Ticlio. ...by oceangoing vessel is a segment of the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal between the Hilpoltstein and Bachhausen locks in Bavaria, Germany. The locks artificially raise the surface level of the water in the canal to above mean sea level, higher than any other lock system in the world, making it the highest point currently accessible by oceangoing commercial watercraft. La Rinconada, Peru The highest commercial airport is Daocheng Yading Airport, Sichuan, China, at . The proposed Nagqu Dagring Airport in China , if built, will be higher at . The highest helipad is Sonam, Siachen Glacier, India, at a height of above sea level. The highest permanent human settlement is La Rinconada, Peru, , in the Peruvian Andes. The farthest road from the Earth's centre is the Road to Carrel Hut in the Ecuadorian Andes, at an elevation of above sea level and a distance of from the centre of the Earth. Continent Elevation (height above/below sea level) Air temperature (recorded)Global Weather & Climate Extremes World Meteorological Organization Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Africa Kilimanjaro, TanzaniaThe Kilimanjaro 2008 Precise Height Measurement Expedition. Precise Determination of the Orthometric Height of Mt. Kilimanjaro 100px Lake Assal, Djibouti Kebili, French Tunisia7 July 1931Ifrane, French Morocco11 February 1935 Antarctica Vinson Massif 100px Indicator 62 - Water levels of Deep Lake, Vestfold Hills , Australian Antarctic Data Centre. Retrieved 15 January 2010.Deep Lake, Vestfold Hills(compare the deepest ice section below) Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station9 February 2020 Vostok Station21 July 1983 Asia Mount Everest, China-Nepal Border 100px Dead Sea, Israel-Jordan-Palestine Tirat Zvi, Israel (then in the British Mandate of Palestine)21 June 1942 MeasuredOymyakon, Siberia, Soviet Union6 February 1933Weather Underground - Christopher C. Burt - The Coldest Places on Earth URL Ahvaz Airport, Iran29 June 2017 ExtrapolatedOymyakon, Siberia, Soviet Union26 January 1926 Europe Mount Elbrus, Russian FederationMount Elbrus at peakbagger.com 100px Caspian Sea shore, Russian Federation Athens, Greece(and Elefsina, Greece)10 July 1977 Ust-Shchuger, Soviet Union31 December 1978 North America Denali (Mount McKinley), Alaska, United States 100px Badwater Basin, California, United States Greenland Ranch (Furnace Creek), California, United States10 July 1913 North Ice, Greenland9 January 1954 Oceania Puncak Jaya (Carstensz Pyramid), Indonesia(compare Mount Wilhelm, Mount Cook and Mount Kosciuszko)Carstensz Pyramid, Indonesia at peakbagger.com 100px Lake Eyre, South Australia, Australia Oodnadatta, South Australia, Australia2 January 1960 Ranfurly, Otago, New Zealand17 July 1903 South America Aconcagua, Mendoza, ArgentinaAconcagua, Argentina at peakbagger.com 100px Laguna del Carbón, Argentina Rivadavia, Salta Province, Argentina11 December 1905 Sarmiento, Chubut Province, Argentina 1 June 1907A. Height above sea level is the usual choice of definition for elevation. The point farthest away from the centre of the Earth, however, is Chimborazo in Ecuador (). This is due to the Earth's oblate spheroid shape, with points near the Equator being farther out from the centre than those at the poles. B. All temperatures from the World Meteorological Organization unless noted. C. The former record of recorded at Al 'Aziziyah, Libya on 13 September 1922 was ruled no longer valid by the WMO due to mistakes made in the recording process. The 1913 reading is, however, itself controversial, and a measurement of at Furnace Creek on 30 June 2013 is undisputed, especially since the same or almost the same temperature has been recorded several times in the 21st century in the same and other places. E. Temperatures greater than in Spain and Portugal were recorded in 1881, but the standard with which they were measured and the accuracy of the thermometers used are unknown; therefore, they are not considered official. Unconfirmed reports also indicate that a set of Spanish stations may have hit during the 2003 heat wave.Europe: Highest Temperature WMO F. Greenland is considered by the World Meteorological Organization to be part of WMO region 6 (Europe). G. A temperature of was recorded in Cloncurry, Queensland on 16 January 1889 under non-standard exposure conditions and is therefore not considered official.
Highest geographical features The highest volcano is Ojos del Salado on the Argentina–Chile border. It has the highest summit, , of any volcano on Earth. The highest natural lake is an unnamed crater lake on Ojos del Salado at , on the Argentina side. Another candidate was Lhagba Pool on the northeast slopes of Mount Everest, Tibet , at an elevation of , which has since dried up. The highest navigable lake is Lake Titicaca, on the border of Bolivia and Peru in the Andes, at . The highest glacier is the Khumbu Glacier on the southwest slopes of Mount Everest in Nepal, beginning on the west side of Lhotse at an elevation of . The highest river is disputed; one candidate from many possibilities is the Ating Ho, which flows into the Aong Tso (Hagung Tso), a large lake in Tibet , and has an elevation of about at its source at . Another very large and high river is the Yarlung Tsangpo or upper Brahmaputra River in Tibet , whose main stem, the Maquan River, has its source at about above sea level at . Above these elevations, there are no constantly flowing rivers since the temperature is almost always below freezing. The highest island is one of a number of islands in the Orba Co lake in Tibet , at an elevation of . Highest points attainable by transportation The highest point accessible... ...by land vehicle is an elevation of on Ojos del Salado in Chile, which was reached by the Chilean duo of Gonzalo and Eduardo Canales Moya on 21 April 2007 with a modified Suzuki Samurai, setting the high-altitude record for a four-wheeled vehicle. ...by road (dead end) is on a mining road to the summit of Aucanquilcha in Chile, which reaches an elevation of . It was once usable by 20-tonne mining trucks. (includes description and photos of Aucanquilcha summit road and mine) The road is no longer usable. ...by road (mountain pass) is disputed; there are a number of competing claims for this title due to the definition of "motorable pass" (i.e. a surfaced road or one simply passable by a vehicle): The highest asphalted road crosses Tibet's Semo La pass at . It is used by trucks and buses regularly. The Ticlio pass, on the Central Road of Peru, is the highest surfaced road in the Americas, at an elevation of . The highest unsurfaced road has several different claimants. All are unsurfaced or gravel roads including the barely passable road to Umling, LA, west of Demchok in Ladakh, India, which reaches ("19,300 feet" according to a Border Roads Organisation sign there that recognizes it as the "World's Highest Motorable Pass"), and Mana Pass, between India and Tibet , which is crossed by a gravel road reaching . The heavily trafficked Khardung La in Ladakh lies at . A possibly motorable gravel road crosses Marsimik La in Ladakh at . ...by train is Tanggula Pass, located on the Qinghai–Tibet (Qingzang) Railway in the Tanggula Mountains of Qinghai/Tibet, China, at . The Tanggula railway station is the world's highest railway station at . Before the Qingzang Railway was built, the highest railway ran between Lima and Huancayo in Peru, reaching at Ticlio. ...by oceangoing vessel is a segment of the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal between the Hilpoltstein and Bachhausen locks in Bavaria, Germany. The locks artificially raise the surface level of the water in the canal to above mean sea level, higher than any other lock system in the world, making it the highest point currently accessible by oceangoing commercial watercraft. La Rinconada, Peru The highest commercial airport is Daocheng Yading Airport, Sichuan, China, at . The proposed Nagqu Dagring Airport in Tibet , if built, will be higher at . The highest helipad is Sonam, Siachen Glacier, India, at a height of above sea level. The highest permanent human settlement is La Rinconada, Peru, , in the Peruvian Andes. The farthest road from the Earth's centre is the Road to Carrel Hut in the Ecuadorian Andes, at an elevation of above sea level and a distance of from the centre of the Earth. Continent Elevation (height above/below sea level) Air temperature (recorded)Global Weather & Climate Extremes World Meteorological Organization Highest Lowest Highest Lowest Africa Kilimanjaro, TanzaniaThe Kilimanjaro 2008 Precise Height Measurement Expedition. Precise Determination of the Orthometric Height of Mt. Kilimanjaro 100px Lake Assal, Djibouti Kebili, French Tunisia7 July 1931Ifrane, French Morocco11 February 1935 Antarctica Vinson Massif 100px Indicator 62 - Water levels of Deep Lake, Vestfold Hills , Australian Antarctic Data Centre. Retrieved 15 January 2010.Deep Lake, Vestfold Hills(compare the deepest ice section below) Comandante Ferraz Antarctic Station9 February 2020 Vostok Station21 July 1983 Asia Mount Everest, Tibet-Nepal Border 100px Dead Sea, Israel-Jordan-Palestine Tirat Zvi, Israel (then in the British Mandate of Palestine)21 June 1942 MeasuredOymyakon, Siberia, Soviet Union6 February 1933Weather Underground - Christopher C. Burt - The Coldest Places on Earth URL Ahvaz Airport, Iran29 June 2017 ExtrapolatedOymyakon, Siberia, Soviet Union26 January 1926 Europe Mount Elbrus, Russian FederationMount Elbrus at peakbagger.com 100px Caspian Sea shore, Russian Federation Athens, Greece(and Elefsina, Greece)10 July 1977 Ust-Shchuger, Soviet Union31 December 1978 North America Denali (Mount McKinley), Alaska, United States 100px Badwater Basin, California, United States Greenland Ranch (Furnace Creek), California, United States10 July 1913 North Ice, Greenland9 January 1954 Oceania Puncak Jaya (Carstensz Pyramid), Indonesia(compare Mount Wilhelm, Mount Cook and Mount Kosciuszko)Carstensz Pyramid, Indonesia at peakbagger.com 100px Lake Eyre, South Australia, Australia Oodnadatta, South Australia, Australia2 January 1960 Ranfurly, Otago, New Zealand17 July 1903 South America Aconcagua, Mendoza, ArgentinaAconcagua, Argentina at peakbagger.com 100px Laguna del Carbón, Argentina Rivadavia, Salta Province, Argentina11 December 1905 Sarmiento, Chubut Province, Argentina 1 June 1907A. Height above sea level is the usual choice of definition for elevation. The point farthest away from the centre of the Earth, however, is Chimborazo in Ecuador (). This is due to the Earth's oblate spheroid shape, with points near the Equator being farther out from the centre than those at the poles. B. All temperatures from the World Meteorological Organization unless noted. C. The former record of recorded at Al 'Aziziyah, Libya on 13 September 1922 was ruled no longer valid by the WMO due to mistakes made in the recording process. The 1913 reading is, however, itself controversial, and a measurement of at Furnace Creek on 30 June 2013 is undisputed, especially since the same or almost the same temperature has been recorded several times in the 21st century in the same and other places. E. Temperatures greater than in Spain and Portugal were recorded in 1881, but the standard with which they were measured and the accuracy of the thermometers used are unknown; therefore, they are not considered official. Unconfirmed reports also indicate that a set of Spanish stations may have hit during the 2003 heat wave.Europe: Highest Temperature WMO F. Greenland is considered by the World Meteorological Organization to be part of WMO region 6 (Europe). G. A temperature of was recorded in Cloncurry, Queensland on 16 January 1889 under non-standard exposure conditions and is therefore not considered official.
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