Over the past years, researchers found cardiac stem cells that have been residing in the heart itself . This discovery sparked the idea of regenerating the heart cells by taking the stem cells inside the heart and reprogrammed them into cardiac tissues. The importance of these stem cells are : self-renewal, the ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and smooth vascular muscle cells, and clonogenicity. These stem cells are capable of becoming myocytes, which are for stabilizing the topography of the intercellular components  as well as to help control the size and shape of the heart, as well as vascular cells, which serves as a cell reservoir for the turnover and the maintenance of the mesenchymal tissues. Ebryotic stem cells are shown to be able to form into other types of cells, however no clinical studies has used this for myocardial regeneration yet to avoid the possibility of the formation of teratoma. at the moment, autologous cells are the most used in clinical trials, such as bone marrow, to avoid tissue rejection . The preferred method to remove all cellular components from a heart is perfusion decellularization. This technique involves perfusing the heart with SDS, distilled water and Triton X-100  . Once the decellularized heart has been sterilized to remove any pathogens, the recellularization process can occur. These MCPs are then added to the decellularized heart and with additional exogenous growth factors, are stimulated to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells.
Over the past years, researchers have identified populations of cardiac stem cells that reside in the adult human heart . This discovery sparked the idea of regenerating the heart cells by taking the stem cells inside the heart and reprogramming them into cardiac tissues. The importance of these stem cells are self-renewal, the ability to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells and smooth vascular muscle cells, and clonogenicity. These stem cells are capable of becoming myocytes, which are for stabilizing the topography of the intercellular components , as well as to help control the size and shape of the heart, as well as vascular cells, which serve as a cell reservoir for the turnover and the maintenance of the mesenchymal tissues. However, in vivo studies have demonstrated that the regenerative ability of implanted cardiac stem cells lies in the associated macrophage-mediated immune response and concomitant fibroblast-mediated wound healing and not in their functionality, since these effects were observed for both live and dead stem cells . The preferred method to remove all cellular components from a heart is perfusion decellularization. This technique involves perfusing the heart with detergents such as SDS and Triton X-100 dissolved in distilled water . Once the decellularized heart has been sterilized to remove any pathogens, the recellularization process can occur. Multipotent cardiovascular progenitors are then added to the decellularized heart and with additional exogenous growth factors, are stimulated to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells.
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found
have identified populations of
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have been residing in the heart itself
reside in the adult human heart
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reprogrammed
reprogramming
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:
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,
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serves
serve
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Ebryotic stem cells are shown to be able to form into other types of cells, however no clinical studies has used this for myocardial regeneration yet to avoid the possibility of the formation of teratoma. at the moment, autologous cells are the most used in clinical trials, such as bone marrow, to avoid tissue rejection
However, in vivo studies have demonstrated that the regenerative ability of implanted cardiac stem cells lies in the associated macrophage-mediated immune response and concomitant fibroblast-mediated wound healing and not in their functionality, since these effects were observed for both live and dead stem cells
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SDS, distilled water
detergents such as SDS
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dissolved in distilled water
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These MCPs
Multipotent cardiovascular progenitors