Variability LSW properties experiences seasonal and interannual variations. In late spring and summer, large amounts of cold freshwater accumulate from melting ice and are mixed downward during convection. The source for heat in the Labrador Sea is modified North Atlantic Current water after circulating the subpolar gyre.Straneo, F. "Heat and Freshwater Transport through the Central Labrador Sea." Journal of Physical Oceanography 36 (2005) In winter the sea becomes more saline as freshwater freezes to form sea ice. The greatest seasonal variability is largely confined to the surface waters, however an annual cycle of convective mixing and re-stratification is observed throughout the water column. Warming and increased salinity in the lower level and freshening at the surface is associated with re-stratification (May–December), whereas a convective mixing period (January–April) leads to cooling and a decrease in salt content in intermediate and deep waters and an increase in salt content at the surface. Interannual variations in the intermediate LWS are due largely to changes in convectivity throughout these periods. Weak convective periods are associated with more heat in the water column and deep convective periods are characterized by cold water. In the early 1990s  several consecutive severe winters contributed towards deep convection in the Labrador Sea. These winters are also associated with strong positive fluctuations in the North Atlantic Oscillation. LSW became very cold, fresh, and dense during this period, and the layer extended to depths of 2300m in the spring of 1994. Due to weakened convection, LWS began warming significantly and increased in salinity over the following decade. This trend continued through 2010 and 2011 when weak convection was observed in relation with negative NAO. Deep convection was observed again in 2012 with the LWS reaching 1400m, corresponding with a positive NAO similar to those seen in the early 1990s.
Variability LSW properties experience seasonal and interannual variations. In late spring and summer, large amounts of cold freshwater accumulate from melting ice and are mixed downward during convection. The source for heat in the Labrador Sea is modified North Atlantic Current water after circulating the subpolar gyre.Straneo, F. "Heat and Freshwater Transport through the Central Labrador Sea." Journal of Physical Oceanography 36 (2005) In winter the sea becomes more saline as freshwater freezes to form sea ice. The greatest seasonal variability is largely confined to the surface waters, however an annual cycle of convective mixing and re-stratification is observed throughout the water column. Warming and increased salinity in the lower level and freshening at the surface is associated with re-stratification (May–December), whereas a convective mixing period (January–April) leads to cooling and a decrease in salt content in intermediate and deep waters and an increase in salt content at the surface. Interannual variations in the intermediate LSW are due largely to changes in convectivity throughout these periods. Weak convective periods are associated with more heat in the water column and deep convective periods are characterized by cold water. In the early 1990s , several consecutive severe winters contributed towards deep convection in the Labrador Sea. These winters were also associated with strong positive fluctuations in the North Atlantic Oscillation. LSW became very cold, fresh, and dense during this period, and the layer extended to depths of 2300m in the spring of 1994. Due to weakened convection, LSW began warming significantly and increased in salinity over the following decade. This trend continued through 2010 and 2011 when weak convection was observed in relation with negative NAO. Deep convection was observed again in 2012 with the LSW reaching 1400m, corresponding with a positive NAO similar to those seen in the early 1990s.
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