Studies suggest that CDP-choline supplements increase dopamine receptor densities. Intracerebroventricular administration of Citicoline has also been shown to elevate ACTH independently from CRH levels and to amplify the release of other HPA axis hormones such as LH, FSH, GH and TSH in response to hypothalamic releasing factors. These effects on HPA hormone levels may be beneficial for some individuals but may have undesirable effects in those with medical conditions featuring ACTH or cortisol hypersecretion including PCOS, type II diabetes and major depressive disorder. Use as a dietary supplement Citicoline is available as a supplement in over 70 countries under a variety of brand names: Cebroton, Ceraxon, Cidilin, Citifar, Cognizin  , Difosfocin, Hipercol, NeurAxon, Nicholin,  Sinkron, Somazina, Synapsine, Startonyl, Trausan, Xerenoos, etc.Single-ingredient Preparations (: Citicoline). In: Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [ed.by Sweetman S], 35th Ed. 2007, The Pharmaceutical Press: London (UK); e-version. . When taken as a supplement citicoline is hydrolyzed into choline and cytidine in the intestine. Once these cross the blood–brain barrier it is reformed into citicoline by the rate-limiting enzyme in phosphatidylcholine synthesis, CTP-phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase. Ischemic stroke Despite some suggestions that citicoline may reduce the rates of death and disability following an ischemic stroke, the largest citicoline clinical trial to date, a randomised , placebo-controlled, sequential trial in patients with moderate-to-severe acute ischaemic stroke in Europe, enrolling 2298 patients, found no benefit of administering citicoline on survival or recovery from stroke. A meta-analysis of seven trials reported no statistically significant benefit for long-term survival or recovery.
Studies suggest that CDP-choline supplements increase dopamine receptor densities. Intracerebroventricular administration of Citicoline has also been shown to elevate ACTH independently from CRH levels and to amplify the release of other HPA axis hormones such as LH, FSH, GH and TSH in response to hypothalamic releasing factors. These effects on HPA hormone levels may be beneficial for some individuals but may have undesirable effects in those with medical conditions featuring ACTH or cortisol hyper-secretion including PCOS, type II diabetes and major depressive disorder. Use as a dietary supplement Citicoline is available as a supplement in over 70 countries under a variety of brand names: Cebroton, Ceraxon, Cidilin, Citifar, Cognizin ® , Difosfocin, Hipercol, NeurAxon, Nicholin, SANE Vitaae™ , Sinkron, Somazina, Synapsine, Startonyl, Trausan, Xerenoos, etc.Single-ingredient Preparations (: Citicoline). In: Martindale: The Complete Drug Reference [ed.by Sweetman S], 35th Ed. 2007, The Pharmaceutical Press: London (UK); e-version. . When taken as a supplement citicoline is hydrolyzed into choline and cytidine in the intestine. Once these cross the blood–brain barrier it is reformed into citicoline by the rate-limiting enzyme in phosphatidylcholine synthesis, CTP-phosphocholine cytidylyltransferase. Ischemic stroke Despite some suggestions that citicoline may reduce the rates of death and disability following an ischemic stroke, the largest citicoline clinical trial to date, a randomized , placebo-controlled, sequential trial in patients with moderate-to-severe acute ischaemic stroke in Europe, enrolling 2298 patients, found no benefit of administering citicoline on survival or recovery from stroke. A meta-analysis of seven trials reported no statistically significant benefit for long-term survival or recovery.
R
hypersecretion
hyper-secretion
A
®
A
SANE Vitaae™ ,
R
randomised
randomized