Cells  transmit information via signaling pathways , using temporal dynamical patterns . As optimality with respect to environments is the universal principle in biological URLanisms have acquired an optimal way of transmitting information. Here we obtain optimal dynamical signal patterns which can transmit information efficiently (low power) and reliably (high accuracy) using the optimal control theory . Adopting an activation-inactivation decoding network, we reproduced several dynamical patterns found in actual signals, such as steep, gradual  and overshooting dynamics. Notably, when minimizing the power of the input signal,  optimal signals exhibit the overshootingpattern , which is a biphasic pattern with transient and steady phases; this pattern is prevalent in actual dynamical patterns as it can be generated by an incoherent feed-forward loop (FFL), a common motif in biochemical networks . We also identified conditions when the three patterns , steep, gradual and overshooting, confer advantages.
Cells use temporal dynamical patterns to transmit information via signaling pathways . As optimality with respect to the environment is a universal principle in biological URLanisms have evolved optimal ways to transmit information. Here , we use optimal control theory to obtain optimal dynamical signal patterns that can transmit information efficiently (low power) and reliably (high accuracy) . Adopting an activation-inactivation decoding network, we reproduce several dynamical patterns found in actual signals, such as steep, gradual , and overshooting dynamics. Notably, when minimizing the power of the input signal, the optimal signals exhibit overshooting , which is a biphasic pattern with transient and steady phases; this pattern is prevalent in actual dynamical patterns . We also identify conditions when these three patterns ( steep, gradual , and overshooting) confer advantages.
A
use temporal dynamical patterns to
D
, using temporal dynamical patterns
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environments is the
the environment is a
R
acquired an optimal way of transmitting
evolved optimal ways to transmit
R
we
, we use optimal control theory to
R
which
that
D
using the optimal control theory
R
reproduced
reproduce
A
,
A
the
R
the overshootingpattern
overshooting
D
as it can be generated by an incoherent feed-forward loop (FFL), a common motif in biochemical networks
R
identified conditions when the three patterns ,
identify conditions when these three patterns (
R
and overshooting,
, and overshooting)