Interventional oncology (abbreviated IO) is a subspecialty field of interventional radiology that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and cancer-related problems using targeted minimally invasive procedures performed under image guidance. Hickey R, Vouche M, Sze DY, et al. Cancer concepts and principles: primer for the interventional oncologist-part II. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2013 Aug;24(8):1167-88. .Hickey R, Vouche M, Sze DY, et al. Cancer concepts and principles: primer for the interventional oncologist-part I. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2013 Aug;24(8):1157-64. . Interventional oncology has developed to a separate pillar of modern oncology and it employs X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to help guide miniaturized instruments (e.g. biopsy needles, ablation electrodes, intravascular catheters) to allow targeted and precise treatment of solid tumours (also known as neoplasms) located in various organs of the human body, including but not limited to the liver, kidneys, lungs, and bones. Pereira PL, Masala S; Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe (CIRSE) Standards of practice: guidelines for thermal ablation of primary and secondary lung tumors. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2012 Apr;35(2):247-54. . Interventional oncology treatments are routinely carried out by interventional radiologists in appropriate settings and facilities.The Royal College of Radiologists UK. Interventional Oncology: Guidance for Service delivery Chemical Ablation: one of the earliest ablative techniques involving the injection of substances such as ethanol or acetic acid into a tumour to cause protein denaturation and cell death. Radiofrequency ablation: tissue destruction through delivery of electricity that produces ionic friction. Radiofrequency ablation video demonstration: URL Irreversible electroporation: delivery of electrical fields to disrupt cellular membranes and cause cell death or apoptosis or enhance targeted drug delivery. Irreversible electroporation video demonstration: URL Cryoablation: instant cell death by tissue freezing to temperatures as low as -20 Celsius. Cryoablation video demonstration: URL Microwave ablation: electromagnetic energy produces high frequency oscillation of water molecules leading to tissue coagulation by heat. Microwave ablation video demonstration: URL High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): targeted beam of focused ultrasonic waves that accumulates high energy and burns the tissue. Napoli A, Anzidei M, Marincola BC, et al. MR imaging-guided focused ultrasound for treatment of bone metastasis. Radiographics. 2013 Oct;33(6):1555-68. Laser ablation (Interstitial laser therapy): tissue coagulation by a laser beam. Gangi A, Basile A, Buy X, et al. Radiofrequency and laser ablation of spinal lesions. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2005 Apr;26(2):89-97 Interventional oncology has long been used to provide palliative care for patients. IO procedures can help reduce cancer-related pain and improve patients’ quality of life. Tumours can intrude into various ducts and blood vessels of the body, obstructing the vital passage of food, blood or waste. The interventional radiological treatment known as stenting can be used to re-open blockages, for example of the esophagus or bile ducts in cases of esophageal cancer or cholangiocarcinoma, respectively, considerably relieving the patient's adverse symptoms .Katsanos K, Ahmad F, Dourado R, Sabharwal T, Adam A. Interventional radiology in the elderly. Clin Interv Aging. 2009;4:1-15. Epub 2009 May 14. Review .
Interventional oncology (abbreviated IO) is a subspecialty field of interventional radiology that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and cancer-related problems using targeted minimally invasive procedures performed under image guidance. Interventional oncology has developed to a separate pillar of modern oncology and it employs X-ray, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to help guide miniaturized instruments (e.g. biopsy needles, ablation electrodes, intravascular catheters) to allow targeted and precise treatment of solid tumours (also known as neoplasms) located in various organs of the human body, including but not limited to the liver, kidneys, lungs, and bones. Interventional oncology treatments are routinely carried out by interventional radiologists in appropriate settings and facilities.The Royal College of Radiologists UK. Interventional Oncology: Guidance for Service delivery Chemical Ablation: one of the earliest ablative techniques involving the injection of substances such as ethanol or acetic acid into a tumour to cause protein denaturation and cell death. Radiofrequency ablation: tissue destruction through delivery of electricity that produces ionic friction. Radiofrequency ablation video demonstration: URL Irreversible electroporation: delivery of electrical fields to disrupt cellular membranes and cause cell death or apoptosis or enhance targeted drug delivery. Irreversible electroporation video demonstration: URL Cryoablation: instant cell death by tissue freezing to temperatures as low as -20 Celsius. Cryoablation video demonstration: URL Microwave ablation: electromagnetic energy produces high frequency oscillation of water molecules leading to tissue coagulation by heat. Microwave ablation video demonstration: URL High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU): targeted beam of focused ultrasonic waves that accumulates high energy and burns the tissue. Laser ablation (Interstitial laser therapy): tissue coagulation by a laser beam. Interventional oncology has long been used to provide palliative care for patients. IO procedures can help reduce cancer-related pain and improve patients’ quality of life. Tumours can intrude into various ducts and blood vessels of the body, obstructing the vital passage of food, blood or waste. The interventional radiological treatment known as stenting can be used to re-open blockages, for example of the esophagus or bile ducts in cases of esophageal cancer or cholangiocarcinoma, respectively, considerably relieving the patient's adverse symptoms .
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Hickey R, Vouche M, Sze DY, et al. Cancer concepts and principles: primer for the interventional oncologist-part II. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2013 Aug;24(8):1167-88. .Hickey R, Vouche M, Sze DY, et al. Cancer concepts and principles: primer for the interventional oncologist-part I. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2013 Aug;24(8):1157-64. .
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Pereira PL, Masala S; Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe (CIRSE) Standards of practice: guidelines for thermal ablation of primary and secondary lung tumors. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2012 Apr;35(2):247-54. . Interventional
Interventional
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Napoli A, Anzidei M, Marincola BC, et al. MR imaging-guided focused ultrasound for treatment of bone metastasis. Radiographics. 2013 Oct;33(6):1555-68.
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Gangi A, Basile A, Buy X, et al. Radiofrequency and laser ablation of spinal lesions. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2005 Apr;26(2):89-97
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.Katsanos K, Ahmad F, Dourado R, Sabharwal T, Adam A. Interventional radiology in the elderly. Clin Interv Aging. 2009;4:1-15. Epub 2009 May 14. Review