Socio-economic inequality is quantitatively measured from data using various indices. The Gini (g) index, giving the overall inequality is the most common , while the recently introduced Kolkata (k) index gives a measure of 1-k fraction of population who possess top k fraction of wealth in the society. This article reviews the character of such inequalities, as seen from a variety of data sources, the apparent relationship between the two indices, and what toy models tell us. These socio-economic inequalities are also investigated in the context of man-made social conflicts or wars, as well as in natural disasters. Finally, we forward a proposal for an international institution with sufficient fund for visitors, where natural and social scientists from various institutions of the world can come to discuss, debate and formulate further developments.
Socio-economic inequality is measured using various indices. The Gini (g) index, giving the overall inequality is the most commonly used , while the recently introduced Kolkata (k) index gives a measure of 1-k fraction of population who possess top k fraction of wealth in the society. This article reviews the character of such inequalities, as seen from a variety of data sources, the apparent relationship between the two indices, and what toy models tell us. These socio-economic inequalities are also investigated in the context of man-made social conflicts or wars, as well as in natural disasters. Finally, we forward a proposal for an international institution with sufficient fund for visitors, where natural and social scientists from various institutions of the world can come to discuss, debate and formulate further developments.
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quantitatively measured from data
measured
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common
commonly used