Topological constraints can affect both equilibrium and dynamics of polymer systems, and can play a role in URLanization in the cell. Despite of many theoretical conjectures, effects of topological constraints on  a single compact polymer have not been systematically studied. Here we use simulations to address this longstanding problem and find that topological constraints create a new equilibrium state of a globular polymer. In this state, which resembles the conjectured fractal (crumpled ) globule  , subchains of a polymer form largely unknotted and asymptotically  compact crumples.
Topological constraints can affect both equilibrium and dynamic properties of polymer systems, and can play a role in URLanization of chromosomes. Despite many theoretical studies, the effects of topological constraints on the equilibrium state of a single compact polymer have not been systematically studied. Here we use simulations to address this longstanding problem . We find that sufficiently long unknotted polymers differ from knotted ones in the spatial and topological states of their subchains. The unknotted globule has subchains that are mostly unknotted and form asymptotically compact R_G(s) \sim s^{1/3 Grosberg et al., Journal de Physique, 1988 , 49, 2095 , but differs from its idealized hierarchy of self-similar, isolated and compact crumples.
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dynamics
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in the cell. Despite of many theoretical conjectures,
of chromosomes. Despite many theoretical studies, the
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the equilibrium state of
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and find that topological constraints create a new equilibrium state of a globular polymer. In this state, which resembles the conjectured fractal (crumpled ) globule
. We find that sufficiently long unknotted polymers differ from knotted ones in the spatial and topological states of their subchains. The unknotted globule has subchains that are mostly unknotted and form asymptotically compact R_G(s) \sim s^{1/3
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Grosberg et al., Journal de Physique, 1988
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subchains of a polymer form largely unknotted and asymptotically
49, 2095
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, but differs from its idealized hierarchy of self-similar, isolated and