Even though most spatial abilities are higher in men, object location memory or the ability to memorize spatial cues involving categorical relations are higher in women. Higher female ability in visual recognition of objects and shapes have also been found.  In a fairly large meta-analysis that analyzed 165 different studies, a very small difference of 0.11 standard deviations was found. The authors of this study postulate: "The difference is so small that we argue that gender differences in verbal ability no longer exist."  Empathy is a large part of social cognition and facilitates its cognitive components known as theory of mind. Current literature suggests a higher level of empathy in women compared to men. There is evidence that "sex differences in empathy have phylogenetic and ontogenetic roots in biology and are not merely cultural byproducts driven by socialization. "
Even though most spatial abilities are higher in men, object location memory or the ability to memorize spatial cues involving categorical relations are higher in women. Higher female ability in visual recognition of objects and shapes have also been found. But there is no consensus here either. For example, in one study, it was shown that success in finding objects (memory for location) depends on the material, the sphere in which the object is located. Men demonstrated an advantage in cars when women demonstrated an advantage for the categories of life. Not only that, it probably extends to face recognition as well. Another study found no differences in visual memory and object location memory. The result is also influenced by the type of object itself and the approach to completing tasks. For example, with the coordinate and categorical approach, men have an advantage, while women have an advantage in accuracy. This confirms that the interpretation of data from memory to location is quite complex and depends on many factors. In a fairly large meta-analysis that analyzed 165 different studies, a very small difference of 0.11 standard deviations was found. The authors of this study postulate: "The difference is so small that we argue that gender differences in verbal ability no longer exist." In addition, in one recent study looking for differences in verbal thinking, the differences were in favor of men, although the authors concluded that the male advantage in this test was mediated by the male advantage in spatial tasks. Empathy is a large part of social cognition and facilitates its cognitive components known as theory of mind. Current literature suggests a higher level of empathy in woman compared to men. Reviews, meta-analysis and studies of physiological measures, behavioral tests, and brain neuroimaging, however, revealed mixed findings. Whereas experimental and neuropsychological measures show no reliable sex effect, self-report data consistently indicates greater empathy in females. The research from Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience compared age-related sex differences in both self-report and neurophysiological measures of empathic arousal in sixty-five 4–17-year-old children. Self-report indicated greater responsivity by females, which increased with age, while implicit hemodynamic and physiological measures did not demonstrate any gender-related patterns. Similarly, one study attempted to test the theory of emotional sensitivity by testing emotion perception and self-reported emotional intelligence. According to the results of this study, women did not show their declared advantages in the perception of emotions, that is, there were no significant differences. Empathy is also influenced by variables such as stereotypes, gender role and, more importantly, motivation. Thus, in some studies, it has been repeatedly demonstrated that women probably do not have higher empathy abilities, but are simply more easily motivated because they are trying to conform to the stereotype of femininity. With an increase in the motivation of money for a good result of empathic accuracy, the differences between men and women ceased to be statistically significant and became equal, but if in the study the subjects were given to understand that empathic accuracy was measured, then men did not show sufficient motivation to achieve good results.
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But there is no consensus here either. For example, in one study, it was shown that success in finding objects (memory for location) depends on the material, the sphere in which the object is located. Men demonstrated an advantage in cars when women demonstrated an advantage for the categories of life. Not only that, it probably extends to face recognition as well. Another study found no differences in visual memory and object location memory. The result is also influenced by the type of object itself and the approach to completing tasks. For example, with the coordinate and categorical approach, men have an advantage, while women have an advantage in accuracy. This confirms that the interpretation of data from memory to location is quite complex and depends on many factors.
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In addition, in one recent study looking for differences in verbal thinking, the differences were in favor of men, although the authors concluded that the male advantage in this test was mediated by the male advantage in spatial tasks.
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There is evidence that "sex differences in empathy have phylogenetic and ontogenetic roots in biology and are not merely cultural byproducts driven by socialization. "
Reviews, meta-analysis and studies of physiological measures, behavioral tests, and brain neuroimaging, however, revealed mixed findings. Whereas experimental and neuropsychological measures show no reliable sex effect, self-report data consistently indicates greater empathy in females. The research from Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience compared age-related sex differences in both self-report and neurophysiological measures of empathic arousal in sixty-five 4–17-year-old children. Self-report indicated greater responsivity by females, which increased with age, while implicit hemodynamic and physiological measures did not demonstrate any gender-related patterns. Similarly, one study attempted to test the theory of emotional sensitivity by testing emotion perception and self-reported emotional intelligence. According to the results of this study, women did not show their declared advantages in the perception of emotions, that is, there were no significant differences. Empathy is also influenced by variables such as stereotypes, gender role and, more importantly, motivation. Thus, in some studies, it has been repeatedly demonstrated that women probably do not have higher empathy abilities, but are simply more easily motivated because they are trying to conform to the stereotype of femininity. With an increase in the motivation of money for a good result of empathic accuracy, the differences between men and women ceased to be statistically significant and became equal, but if in the study the subjects were given to understand that empathic accuracy was measured, then men did not show sufficient motivation to achieve good results.