Houston and Kramarae posit that women have been silenced in many ways by for example ridiculing women's related lexicon, trivializing their opinions, ideas, and concerns, and censoring women's voices. According to the research, women’s voice can be ridicule even in a medical context. Researchers found that women’s voice can also be censored by social rituals, which advocating the subordination of women. A typical example is wedding ceremony. Scholars pointed out that many social decisions are controlled by men, including history books contents, mainstream media, communication practices, etc. One typical method to realize men’s control during a conversation between men and women is interruption. Harassment happens in public spaces such as  street, workplace, or even campus . It usually would be naturalized by men, and women’s experiences and concerns about harassment would be ignored or despised in the context. Strategies of Resistance According to Houston & Kramarae (1991) and Ezster Hargittai & Aaron Shaw (2015), individuals can use the following strategies to avoid the "muting" process: Name the silencing factors, had it been men or news agencies. Reclaim, elevate and celebrate women's discourse. Create new words to the language system that are inclusive of marginalized groups and gendered words and experiences. Use media platforms (traditional and new) to voice groups.
Houston and Kramarae posit that women have been silenced in many ways by for example ridiculing women's related lexicon, trivializing their opinions, ideas, and concerns, and censoring women's voices. According to the research, women’s voice can be ridiculed even in a medical context. Researchers found that women’s voice can also be censored by social rituals, which advocate the subordination of women. A typical example is wedding ceremony. Scholars pointed out that many social decisions are controlled by men, including history book contents, mainstream media, communication practices, etc. One typical method to realize men’s control during a conversation between men and women is interruption. Harassment happens in public spaces such as on the street, workplace, or even in educational contexts . It usually would be naturalized by men, and women’s experiences and concerns about harassment would be ignored or despised in the context. Strategies of Resistance According to Houston & Kramarae (1991) and Ezster Hargittai & Aaron Shaw (2015), individuals can use the following strategies to avoid the "muting" process: Name the silencing factors, whether it has been men or news agencies. Reclaim, elevate and celebrate women's discourse. Create new words for the language system that are inclusive of marginalized groups and gendered words and experiences. Use media platforms (traditional and new) to give voice to these groups.
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ridicule
ridiculed
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advocating
advocate
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books
book
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on the
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campus
in educational contexts
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had it
whether it has
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to
for
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voice
give voice to these