Plant mechanical failure, also known as lodging, is the cause of significant and unpredictable yield losses in cereal crops. Lodging can be divided into two distinct failure modes - stalk lodging and root lodging. Despite the prevalence and detrimental impact of lodging on crop yields, there is little consensus on how to phenotype plants  for lodging-resistance and  breed for mechanically resilient plants. This review focuses on the phenotyping approaches that have been employed for  mechanical testing to individually assess stalk and root lodging-resistance. For each approach, the benefits, draw-backs and limitations are discussed. Lastly, this review provides future perspectives as to the next steps in this important , but still developing area of plant phenotyping.
Plant mechanical failure, also known as lodging, is the cause of significant and unpredictable yield losses in cereal crops. Lodging can be divided into two distinct failure modes - stalk lodging and root lodging. Despite the prevalence and detrimental impact of lodging on crop yields, there is little consensus on how to phenotype plants in the field for lodging-resistance and thus breed for mechanically resilient plants. This review focuses on providing an overview of the approaches that have been employed for field-based mechanical testing to individually assess stalk and root lodging-resistance. These approaches are placed in the context of future perspectives for this important area of plant phenotyping.
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in the field
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thus
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the phenotyping
providing an overview of the
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field-based
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For each approach, the benefits, draw-backs and limitations are discussed. Lastly, this review provides future perspectives as to the next steps in this important , but still developing
These approaches are placed in the context of future perspectives for this important