The hallmarks of cancer comprise six biological capabilities acquired during the multistep development of human tumors  . The idea was coined by Douglas Hanahan and Robert Weinberg in their paper The Hallmarks of Cancer published January 2000 in Cell. By November 2010, the paper had been referenced over 10,000 times by other research papers. As of March 2011, it was Cell'''s most cited article. Evading programmed cell deathApoptosis is a form of programmed cell death (cell suicide), the mechanism by which cells are programmed to die in the event they become damaged. Cancer cells are characteristically able to bypass this mechanism. Sustained angiogenesisAngiogenesis is the process by which new blood vessels are formed. Cancer cells appear to be able to kickstart this process, ensuring that such cells receive a continual supply of oxygen and other nutrients. An article in the Journal of Biosciences '' in 2013 argued that original data for most of these hallmarks is lacking. It argued that cancer is a tissue-level disease and these cellular-level hallmarks are misleading.
The hallmarks of cancer were originally six biological capabilities acquired during the multistep development of human tumors and have since been increased to eight capabilities and two enabling capabilities . The idea was coined by Douglas Hanahan and Robert Weinberg in their paper The Hallmarks of Cancer published January 2000 in Cell. Evading programmed cell death Apoptosis is a form of programmed cell death (cell suicide), the mechanism by which cells are programmed to die in the event they become damaged. Cancer cells are characteristically able to bypass this mechanism. Sustained angiogenesis Angiogenesis is the process by which new blood vessels are formed. Cancer cells appear to be able to kickstart this process, ensuring that such cells receive a continual supply of oxygen and other nutrients. An article in the Journal of Biosciences in 2013 argued that original data for most of these hallmarks is lacking. It argued that cancer is a tissue-level disease and these cellular-level hallmarks are misleading.
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comprise
were originally
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and have since been increased to eight capabilities and two enabling capabilities
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By November 2010, the paper had been referenced over 10,000 times by other research papers. As of March 2011, it was Cell'''s most cited article.
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deathApoptosis
death Apoptosis
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angiogenesisAngiogenesis
angiogenesis Angiogenesis
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