Mary Rowe has admitted micro inequties are "small events that may be ephemeral and hard to prove" and MIT has stated that "it is not easy to measure the effects of gender micro-inequities, because effects of unfair behavior may differ by URL There is a growing body of scholarly research on unconscious bias. Much of the modern approach has been to use an Implicit Association Test rather than Questionnaires or URL However, many scholars have published articles and analyses doubting the efficacy and validity of this URL Rowe, Mary, "Saturn's Rings: a study of the minutiae of sexism which maintain discrimination and inhibit affirmative action results in corporations and non-profit institutions" in Graduate and Professional Education of Women, American Association of University Women, 1974, pp. 1–9. Rowe, Mary, "Saturn's Rings II, with racist and sexist incidents from 1974 and 1975," in the Harvard Medical Alumni Bulletin, Volume 50, No. 1 (September/October 1975), pp. 14–18, and in Bourne, Patricia and Velma Parness, eds., Proceedings of the NSF Conference on Women's Leadership and Authority, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, 1977, also reprinted in Comment, Vol. 10, No 3 (March 1978), p. 3. Rowe, Mary, "The Minutiae of Discrimination: The Need for Support," in Forisha, Barbara and Barbara Goldman, Outsiders on the Inside, Women in Organizations, Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey, 1981, Ch. 11, pp. 155–171. Rowe, Mary, "Barriers to Equality: the Power of Subtle Discrimination," The Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, June, 1990, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 153–163 Rowe, Mary, "Unconscious Bias: May Micro-Affirmations Provide one Answer?" in Commentary, URL
Mary Rowe has admitted micro inequties are "small events that may be ephemeral and hard to prove" and MIT has stated that "it is not easy to measure the effects of gender micro-inequities, because effects of unfair behavior may differ by URL There is a growing body of scholarly research on unconscious bias. Much of the modern approach has been to use an Implicit Association Test rather than Questionnaires or interviews. However, many scholars have published articles and analyses doubting the efficacy and validity of this research. Rowe, Mary, "Saturn's Rings: a study of the minutiae of sexism which maintain discrimination and inhibit affirmative action results in corporations and non-profit institutions" in Graduate and Professional Education of Women, American Association of University Women, 1974, pp. 1–9. Rowe, Mary, "Saturn's Rings II, with racist and sexist incidents from 1974 and 1975," in the Harvard Medical Alumni Bulletin, Volume 50, No. 1 (September/October 1975), pp. 14–18, and in Bourne, Patricia and Velma Parness, eds., Proceedings of the NSF Conference on Women's Leadership and Authority, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, 1977, also reprinted in Comment, Vol. 10, No 3 (March 1978), p. 3. Rowe, Mary, "The Minutiae of Discrimination: The Need for Support," in Forisha, Barbara and Barbara Goldman, Outsiders on the Inside, Women in Organizations, Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey, 1981, Ch. 11, pp. 155–171. Rowe, Mary, "Barriers to Equality: the Power of Subtle Discrimination," The Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, June, 1990, Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 153–163 Rowe, Mary, "Unconscious Bias: May Micro-Affirmations Provide one Answer?" in Commentary, 
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