It is common to model learning in games so that either a deterministic process or a finite state Markov chain describes the evolution of play. Such processes can however produce undesired outputs, where the players' behavior is heavily influenced by the modeling. In simulations we see how the assumptions in (Young, 1993), a well-studied model for stochastic stability, lead to unexpected behavior in games without strict equilibria, such as Matching Pennies. The behavior should be considered a modeling artifact. In this paper we propose a continuous-state space modelfor learning in games that can converge to mixed Nash equilibria, the Recency Weighted Sampler (RWS). The RWS is similar in spirit Young's model, but introduces a notion of best response where the players sample from a recency weighted history of interactions. We derive properties of the RWS which are known to hold for finite-state space models of adaptive play, such as the convergence to and existence of a unique invariant distribution of the process, and the concentration of that distribution on minimal CURB blocks. Then, we establish conditions under which the RWS process concentrates on mixed Nash equilibria inside minimal CURB blocks . While deriving the results, we develop a methodology that is relevant for a larger class of continuous state space learning models .
We introduce and study a model of long-run convention formation for rare interactions. Players in this model form beliefs by observing a recency-weighted sample of past interactions, to which they noisily best respond. We propose a continuous state Markov model, well-suited for our setting, and develop a methodology that is relevant for a larger class of similar learning models. We show that the model admits a unique asymptotic distribution which concentrates its mass on some minimal CURB block configuration. In contrast to existing literature of long-run convention formation, we focus on behavior inside minimal CURB blocks and provide conditions for convergence to (approximate) mixed equilibria conventions inside minimal CURB blocks .
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It is common to model learning in games so that either a deterministic process or a finite state Markov chain describes the evolution of play. Such processes can however produce undesired outputs, where the players' behavior is heavily influenced by the modeling. In simulations we see how the assumptions in (Young, 1993), a well-studied model for stochastic stability, lead to unexpected behavior in games without strict equilibria, such as Matching Pennies. The behavior should be considered a modeling artifact. In this paper we propose a continuous-state space modelfor learning in games that can converge to mixed Nash equilibria, the Recency Weighted Sampler (RWS). The RWS is similar in spirit Young's model, but introduces a notion of best response where the players sample from a recency weighted history of interactions. We derive properties of the RWS which are known to hold for finite-state space models of adaptive play, such as the convergence to and existence of a unique invariant distribution of the process, and the concentration of that distribution on minimal CURB blocks. Then, we establish conditions under which the RWS process concentrates on mixed Nash equilibria
We introduce and study a model of long-run convention formation for rare interactions. Players in this model form beliefs by observing a recency-weighted sample of past interactions, to which they noisily best respond. We propose a continuous state Markov model, well-suited for our setting, and develop a methodology that is relevant for a larger class of similar learning models. We show that the model admits a unique asymptotic distribution which concentrates its mass on some minimal CURB block configuration. In contrast to existing literature of long-run convention formation, we focus on behavior inside minimal CURB blocks and provide conditions for convergence to (approximate) mixed equilibria conventions
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. While deriving the results, we develop a methodology that is relevant for a larger class of continuous state space learning models