【爱尔兰威士忌】
爱尔兰威士忌
爱尔兰威士忌（Irish Whiskey）是一种只在爱尔兰地区生产，以大麦芽与谷物为原料经过蒸馏所制造的威士忌。
爱尔兰可以说是威士忌的发源地，最早是从修道院里流传到民间的蒸馏术，在英王亨利八世宣布开始课征重税之前，一度曾是爱尔兰毎个山野乡林必备的民生工业。爱尔兰威士忌比它优秀的苏格兰后继更早在英格兰地区流行，但因为该地区的经济衰退与重税政策的打击，大部分的爱尔兰蒸馏厂都必须靠不断的合并维持命脉，以致于能存活至今的所剩无几且多数由外国企业把持。
在制作材料上爱尔兰威士忌与它隔邻的苏格兰威士忌差异并不大，一样是用发芽的大麦为原料，使用壶式蒸馏器三次蒸馏，并且依法在橡木桶中陈年三年以上的麦芽威士忌，再加上由未发芽大麦、小麦与裸麦，经连续蒸馏所制造出的谷物威士忌，进一步调合而成。然而爱尔兰式的做法与苏格兰有两个比较关键的差异，第一是爱尔兰威士忌也使用燕麦作为原料，第二是爱尔兰威士忌在制造过程中几乎不会使用泥炭作为烘烤麦芽时的燃料。
除了产量较大的「调和式爱尔兰威士忌」外，也有少量独立装瓶出售的「爱尔兰单一麦芽威士忌」存在。
大部分的爱尔兰威士忌都有其在苏格兰威士忌里面的对等产品，唯一的例外是一种叫「纯壶式蒸馏威士忌」（Pure Pot Still Whiskey）的酒款。这种威士忌同时使用已发芽与未发芽的大麦作为原料，100%在壶式蒸馏器里面制造，相对于苏格兰的纯麦芽威士忌，使用未发芽的大麦做原料带给爱尔兰威士忌较为青涩、辛辣的口感。
纯壶式蒸馏威士忌可以独立装瓶出售，也可以与麦芽威士忌调和，通常调和式的爱尔兰威士忌并不会特别标明其基底是使用谷物威士忌还是纯壶式蒸馏威士忌。
==参考文献==
*cite news|last=Barry|first=Aoife|title=Whiskey's going to be bringing a lot of dosh to Ireland over the next 10 years…|url=http://www.thejournal.ie/whiskey-sector-investment-ireland-1405946-Apr2014/|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=TheJournal.ie|date=9 April 2014|archive-date=2020-12-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201221195237/https://www.thejournal.ie/whiskey-sector-investment-ireland-1405946-Apr2014/|dead-url=no
*isbn=978-94-93066-00-7
*dead-url=no
*dead-url=no
*cite journal|last=Cohen|first=Brad|title=We're Bringing Whiskey Back|journal=The Atlantic|date=22 October 2013|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/10/were-bringing-whiskey-back/280767/|accessdate=27 May 2014|archive-date=2020-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212074105/https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2013/10/were-bringing-whiskey-back/280767/|dead-url=no
*cite news|last=Curran|first=Richard|title=A re-invigorated Irish whiskey industry is distilling a new golden age|url=http://www.independent.ie/opinion/analysis/a-reinvigorated-irish-whiskey-industry-is-distilling-a-new-golden-age-29850646.html|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=Irish Independent|date=19 December 2013|archive-date=2018-11-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181118161631/https://www.independent.ie/opinion/analysis/a-reinvigorated-irish-whiskey-industry-is-distilling-a-new-golden-age-29850646.html|dead-url=no
*cite news|last=Hallock|first=Betty|title=9 Irish whiskeys to try right now|url=http://www.latimes.com/food/dailydish/la-dd-st-patricks-day-9-irish-whiskeys-to-try-right-now-20140305-story.html#page=1|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=Los Angeles Times|date=13 March 2014|archive-date=2020-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919070625/https://www.latimes.com/food/dailydish/la-dd-st-patricks-day-9-irish-whiskeys-to-try-right-now-20140305-story.html#page=1|dead-url=no
*cite news|last=McDonald|first=Henry|title=Irish whiskey industry launches fresh assault on Scotland's dominance|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/dec/13/irish-whiskey-industry-scotland-independent-distillery|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=The Guardian|date=14 December 2013|archive-date=2020-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204124244/https://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/dec/13/irish-whiskey-industry-scotland-independent-distillery|dead-url=no
*cite news|last1=McFarland|first1=Ben|last2=Sandham|first2=Tom|title=A beginner's guide to Irish whiskey|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/the-filter/10697616/A-beginners-guide-to-Irish-whiskey.html|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=The Daily Telegraph (London)|date=15 Mar 2014|archive-date=2020-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201212055824/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/the-filter/10697616/A-beginners-guide-to-Irish-whiskey.html|dead-url=no
*cite news|last=McGarry|first=Jack|title=The 5 Biggest Irish Whiskey Myths|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/liquorcom/the-five-biggest-irish-wh_b_4819002.html|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=The Huffington Post|date=19 February 2014|archive-date=2017-03-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170322143140/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/liquorcom/the-five-biggest-irish-wh_b_4819002.html|dead-url=no
*dead-url=no
*dead-url=no
*cite news|last=Phelps|first=David|title=Twin Cities pub master is taking his Irish whiskey on the road|url=http://www.startribune.com/business/250711421.html|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=Star Tribune (Minneapolis)|date=17 March 2014|archive-date=2015-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311205310/http://www.startribune.com/business/250711421.html|dead-url=no
*cite news|last=Ramirez|first=Mark|title=Return of the king: Irish whiskey on the rise, aiming to rise above bar-shot status|url=http://eatsblog.dallasnews.com/2014/03/return-of-the-king-irish-whiskey-on-the-rise-aiming-to-rise-above-bar-shot-status.html/|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=The Dallas Morning News|date=15 March 2014|archive-date=2014-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527230025/http://eatsblog.dallasnews.com/2014/03/return-of-the-king-irish-whiskey-on-the-rise-aiming-to-rise-above-bar-shot-status.html/|dead-url=no
*cite news|last=Smyth|first=Jamie|title=Irish distillers order a triple as whiskey flows|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/f9ea3810-1646-11e3-a57d-00144feabdc0.html#axzz32wUsYsaj|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=The Financial Times|date=8 September 2013|archive-date=2016-03-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307114608/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/2/f9ea3810-1646-11e3-a57d-00144feabdc0.html#axzz32wUsYsaj|dead-url=no
*cite news|last=Spain|first=William|title=America is awash with Irish whiskey|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2014/03/15/whiskey-irish-st-patricks-day/6442495/|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=USA Today|date=15 March 2014|archive-date=2020-11-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115121050/https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2014/03/15/whiskey-irish-st-patricks-day/6442495/|dead-url=no
*cite news|last=Toland|first=Bill|title=Spirits: Irish whiskey is going 'through the roof'|url=http://www.post-gazette.com/life/libations/2014/03/13/Spirits-Irish-whiskey-is-going-Through-the-roof/stories/201403130121|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=13 March 2014|archive-date=2021-01-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118153138/https://www.post-gazette.com/life/libations/2014/03/13/Spirits-Irish-whiskey-is-going-Through-the-roof/stories/201403130121|dead-url=no
*isbn=1897784872
*cite news|last=Viera|first=Lauren|title=Irish whiskey's growth spurt|url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2013-05-05/features/sc-food-0503-drink-irish-whiskey-20130505_1_irish-whiskey-irish-distillers-whiskey-connoisseurs|accessdate=27 May 2014|newspaper=Chicago Tribune|date=5 May 2013|archive-date=2014-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140527215313/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2013-05-05/features/sc-food-0503-drink-irish-whiskey-20130505_1_irish-whiskey-irish-distillers-whiskey-connoisseurs|dead-url=no
*cite journal|last=Wondrich|first=David|title=Why you're drinking Irish whiskey all of a sudden|journal=Esquire|date=January 2014|url=http://www.esquire.com/blogs/food-for-men/irish-whiskey-drinking-0114|accessdate=27 May 2014|archive-date=2014-12-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141222191047/http://www.esquire.com/blogs/food-for-men/irish-whiskey-drinking-0114|dead-url=no
*dead-url=no