【埃尔·格列柯】
埃尔·格雷考（El Greco，catIdx=A），西班牙文艺复兴时期画家、雕塑家与建筑家。「埃尔·格雷考」在西班牙文中意为「希腊人」，是依格雷考的希腊血统而取的别名；格雷考在画作上通常署名以希腊文本名多米尼克·提托克波洛斯（希腊语：Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος，西班牙语：Doménikos Theotokópoulos）。
格雷考出生于后拜占庭艺术时期的克里特，当时为威尼斯共和国所治理。他原受传统绘画教育，直到26岁时，和许多希腊艺术家一样，动身前往威尼斯旅行后画风丕变。1570年，格雷考迁居至罗马，在当地经营一间工作坊、创作了一系列的作品。在此期间，格雷考受到威尼斯文艺复兴的薰染，在画风中融入了矫饰主义。1577年，他转往西班牙托雷多发展，直到逝世。在托雷多，格雷考接受了些许重要的委托，并创作出他最著名的画作。
格雷考兼具戏剧性与表现主义的画风在当代并不受宠，但在20世纪获肯。格雷考被公认是表现主义及立体主义先驱。格雷考被现代学者视为一极与众不同、具高度个人色彩的艺术家，不属任何传统流派。他的画作以弯曲瘦长的身形为特色，用色怪诞而变幻无常，融合了拜占庭传统与西方绘画风格。
== 著名作品 ==
File:Domenikos Theotokopoulos, El Greco - The Annunciation - Google Art Project.jpg|天使报喜
File:GRECO Caridad.jpg|慈善圣母
File:La Inmaculada Concepción, de El Greco y su hijo (Museo Thyssen-Bornemisza).jpg|圣母无原罪
File:El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos), Christ Cleansing the Temple, probably before 1570, NGA 43723.jpg|基督将货币兑换者赶出圣殿
File:El Greco - Christ Healing the Blind - WGA10420.jpg|基督使盲人复明
File:El Greco - Christ as Saviour - Google Art Project.jpg|救世主基督
File:El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos) - Laocoön - Google Art Project.jpg|拉奥孔
File:El Greco Nobleman self-portrait.JPG|手放在胸前的贵族
File:El Greco - The Stigmatization of St Francis - WGA10562.jpg|圣方济各接受圣痕
File:El Greco (Doménikos Theotokópoulos) - Saint Jerome - A73 - Hispanic Society of America.jpg|圣哲罗姆
File:El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos), Saint Jerome, c. 1610-1614, NGA 12204.jpg|圣哲罗姆
File:El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos) - Fray Hortensio Félix Paravicino - Google Art Project.jpg|弗雷·霍坦西奥·费利克斯·帕拉维奇诺
File:El Greco (Domenikos Theotokopoulos) - Portrait of Dr. Francisco de Pisa - Google Art Project.jpg|比萨的弗朗西斯科博士肖像
File:2021 NYR 19739 0043 000(domenikos theotokopoulos called el greco portrait of a bearded man thr115509).jpg|有胡须者的肖像
== 引用 ==
== 参考文献 ==
=== 出版资料 (书与文章) ===
* isbn=0-521-40107-0
* chapter=Our Lady of Charity, at Illescas
* chapter=El Greco: From Crete to Toledo (Sofia Giannetsou 译自希腊文)
* dead-url=no
* year=1964
* chapter=Michelangelo and Spain: on the Dissemination of his Draughtmanship
* date=June 1966
* isbn= 1857093151
* chapter=El Greco and Toledo
* year=1982
* chapter=Tone
* date=October 1929
* date=1975–1976
*  publisher=瑞科图书，伦敦
*  publisher=Victoriano Suárez，马德里
* chapter=The Fine Arts — End of the Golden Age
* chapter=The Byzantine Legacy in the Art of El Greco
* chapter=The Influence of Christian Neo-Platonism on the Art of El Greco
* chapter=Artistic Practice — El Greco versus the Hospital of Charity, Illescas
* chapter=From El Greco to Cézanne
* date=24 August 1990
* chapter=Chapitre X
* year=2002
* chapter=Who am Eye
* chapter=El Greco
* id=ASIN B-0006C-8T6-E
* dead-url=no
* chapter=Doménicos Theotocópoulos, 450 Years from his Birth
* chapter=Inequalities in the work of Theotocópoulos and the Problems of their Interpretation
* date=April 1938
* chapter=The Neoplatonic Tradition in the Art of El Greco
*  publisher=Printed by order of the trustees
* date=October 1980
* isbn=2-252-02567-0
* isbn=960-03-2544-8
* date=19 April 1987
* chapter=From El Greco to Cézanne (An "Imaginary Museum" with Masterpieces of Three Centuries)
* isbn=0-7661-3775-9
* chapter=El Greco (Domenico Theotocopoulos)
* chapter=Towards a Franco-Greek Culture
* dead-url=yes
* chapter=El Greco's Artistic Thought
* isbn=84-376-0263-7
* date=June 1929
* date=January 1939
*  publisher=乔纳森凯普出版社，伦敦
* date=1961–1962
* dead-url=no
* date=May 1948
*  chapter="The Cretan Period of the Life of Doménicos Theotocópoulos
* dead-url=no
* dead-url=no
* chapter=Greco
* year=1938
* dead-url=no
* chapter=Changing Faces
*  isbn=3-8228-3171-9
* chapter=El Greco
* chapter=Critiques of a Museum Culture
*  publisher=Fernan Hazan (巴黎)
*  id=ASIN B-000-BGRP4-C
*  isbn=960-7945-83-2
* year=1952
* date=Autumn 1964
*  id=ASIN B-0007D-NZV-6
* year=1984
* date=March 1966
=== 线上资料 ===
*  accessdate = 2006-12-17
*  archivedate = 2009-05-28
*  dead-url = no
*  dead-url = no
*  dead-url = no
*  dead-url = no
*  dead-url = no
*  dead-url = no
*  archivedate = 2007-09-27
*  dead-url = no
*  dead-url = no
* cite news | title = How to Beat the Spanish Inquisition | last = Irving | first = Mark | publisher = 周日独立报 | url = http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4159/is_20040208/ai_n12751299/pg_2 | date = 2004-02-08 | accessdate = 2006-12-17 | archive-date = 2007-10-13 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071013181017/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4159/is_20040208/ai_n12751299/pg_2 | dead-url = no
*  dead-url = no
* cite news | title = A Cretan Village that Was the Painter's Birthplace Bridles at a nearby Town's Claim | publisher = 波士顿环球报 | last = Kakissis | first = Joanna | url = http://www.boston.com/travel/articles/2005/03/06/the_root_of_the_matter__el_greco/ | date = 2005-03-06 | accessdate = 2006-12-17 | archive-date = 2005-03-11 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050311205127/http://www.boston.com/travel/articles/2005/03/06/the_root_of_the_matter__el_greco/ | dead-url = no
*  dead-url = yes
* cite news | title = Art Review; El Greco, Bearer Of Many Gifts | publisher = 纽约时报 | last = Kimmelman | first = Michael | url = http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A04E1DB173CF930A35753C1A9659C8B63 | date = 2003-10-03 | accessdate = 2006-12-17 | archive-date = 2007-03-11 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070311135615/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A04E1DB173CF930A35753C1A9659C8B63 | dead-url = no
*  archivedate = 2007-02-07
*  dead-url = no
*  dead-url = no
*  archivedate = 2006-12-14
*  dead-url = no
== 延伸阅读 ==
*  publisher=Madrid
* isbn=1-85709-938-9
* isbn=1-85759-210-7
*  publisher=Aetos
* date=January 1937
== 外部连结 ==
*  埃尔·格雷考基金会 - 虚拟艺廊 date=20200817230256
* cite web | title = 生平与旅行 | work = 美国国家艺术馆 | url = http://www.nga.gov/collection/gallery/gg29/gg29-over1.html | accessdate = 2006-10-25 | archive-date = 2006-11-10 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061110063556/http://www.nga.gov/collection/gallery/gg29/gg29-over1.html | dead-url = no
*  dead-url = no
*  埃尔·格雷考 date=20130214213015
*  埃尔·格雷考 date=20130921073447