【鼠尾草属】
鼠尾草属是唇形科下最大的一个属，包括大约1000种植物，广泛分布在全球各地的温带和热带地区，既有草本也有灌木或亚灌木，大多数品种集中在亚洲。 其中有许多品种可以入药或作为观赏花卉。
鼠尾草属植物的花有明显特点，其花萼钟形，分为两唇，上唇有三齿，下唇有二齿；花冠筒形，也分为两唇，上唇完整，下唇有三裂，中裂最长；有两个能育雄蕊和两个退化的不育雄蕊；果实为小坚果。
该属植物杠杆状雄蕊（lever-like stamen）结构与传粉者形成了杠杆式背部传粉（dorsal pollination）的互作机制。
属名Salvia源于拉丁语salveo，意为“救助”，指本属植物多供入药。
=== 主要品种 ===
* 翅柄叶鼠尾草 Salvia alatipetiolata（翅柄鼠尾草）
* 白鼠尾草 Salvia apiana
* 银白鼠尾草 Salvia argentea L. - Silver clary, Silver sage.
* Salvia arizonica - Arizona sage, Desert indigo sage, a purple-flowering annual.
* Salvia austriaca - Austrian sage.
* Salvia azurea - Blue sage, Azure blue sage; very big bright blue flowers.
* Salvia candelabrum - a blue-flowering scented sage.
* Salvia clevelandii - Blue sage, Cleveland sage, Fragrant sage.
* -{zh-cn:朱唇;zh-tw:红花鼠尾草;}- Salvia coccinea Juss. ex Murr., 1778
* 飞鸽鼠尾草 Salvia columbariae
* 圆苞鼠尾草 (Salvia cyclostegia)
* Salvia discolor
* 墨西哥鼠尾草 Salvia divinorum - Diviner's sage.
* Salvia dorrii - Ute Tobacco Sage (mild hallucinogen when smoked)
* 凤梨鼠尾草 Salvia elegans
* 粉萼鼠尾草 Salvia farinacea - Benth.
* 台湾紫花鼠尾草 Salvia fulgens - Salvia formosana (Murata)  Yamazaki 1969  （蕨叶紫花鼠尾草）
* Salvia fulgens - Cardinal sage, Mexican red sage, a red-flowering perennial
* Salvia funerea – Death Valley sage
* Salvia glutinosa
* Salvia greggii - Autumn sage, a red-flowered sage with a very strong scent
* Salvia guaranitica - Anise sage or hummingbird sage.
* 早田氏鼠尾草 Salvia hayatana Makino ex Hayata, 1919
* 芡欧鼠尾草 Salvia hispanica - the Chia of commerce.
* 鼠尾草 Salvia japonica  Thunb. ex Murray, 1784（日本紫花鼠尾草）
* 隐药鼠尾草 Salvia keitaoensis Hayata, 1919
* Salvia leucantha - Mexican bush sage, velvety spikes of violet-purple and white, 3' tall.
* Salvia leucophylla - Purple sage.
* Salvia libanotica - Mediterranean or middle eastern sage
* Salvia longistyla - Mexican sage.
* Salvia lyrata - Lyre-leaved sage, Lyreleaf sage.
* Salvia mexicana - Mexican sage, medium blue to violet and lavender, 8' to 10' tall.
* Salvia microphylla
* 丹参 Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge
* Salvia nemorosa - Meadow sage
* 黄花鼠尾草 Salvia nipponica Miq. var. formosana (Hayata) Kudo 1929
* 药用鼠尾草 Salvia officinalis
* 节毛鼠尾草 Salvia plebeia R. Brown, 1810
* 龙胆鼠尾草（长蕊鼠尾草）Salvia patens - a blue-flowering sage.
* Salvia polystachya - Chia sage, Chia seed.
* Salvia potus - Chia.
* Salvia pratensis - Meadow clary or Meadow sage.
* Salvia roemeriana - Cedar Sage; this species prefers shady moist areas
* 卵叶鼠尾草 Salvia scapiformis Hance, 1885
* Salvia sclarea - Clary or Clary sage.
* Salvia spathacea - Pitcher sage or Hummingbird sage.
* 一串红 Salvia splendens Ker-Gawl.
* Salvia superba
* 田代氏鼠尾草 Salvia tashiroi Hayata, 1917
* Salvia transylvanica
* Salvia uliginosa
* Salvia verbenaca - Wild clary, Wild sage.
* Salvia verticillata - Whorled clary, Lilac sage, a white- or blue-flowering perennial with the scent of Clary.
* Salvia viridis (syn. S. horminum) - Annual clary..
== 应用 ==
鼠尾草属的拉丁名称来源与拉丁语的“治疗”（salvare）一词，在古代的地中海和小亚细亚半岛早已经应用其作为草药。其中丹参（Salvia miltiorrhiza）是重要的中药，而美洲的印第安人也早已经知道用鼠尾草属植物作为草药，部分芳香品种还可以提取芳香油。
== 参考文献 ==
* A Book of Salvias: Sages for Every Garden by Betsy Clebsch, Timber Press, 1997, ISBN 0-88192-369-9. An excellent reference on salvias. Also, an updated (2004 edition) is available.
* Akhondzadeh S, Noroozian M, Mohammadi M. R. 2003, Salvia Officinalis extract in the treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease: A double blind and placebo-controlled  trial. British Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 140, p22P-22P, 1/2p