【铁线莲属】
铁线莲属（学名：Clematis）是毛莨科的一属，多年生植物，多为攀枝花缘灌木。共355种，广布世界多数地区，特别是亚洲和北美洲。
属名Clematis源于希腊语klematis，一种攀援植物名。
==中国植物志铁线莲属==
多年生藤本，或灌木或草本。全国各地都有分布。
==物种==
中国植物志铁线莲属分类：
*短柄铁线莲 Clematis brevipes Rehd.
*粗柄铁线莲 Clematis crassipes Chun et How
*戟叶小木通 Clematis hastata Finet et Gagnep.
*屏东铁线莲 Clematis owatarii Hayata
*毛柱果铁线莲 Clematis trichocarpa Tamura
*蒺藜小木通 Clematis zygophylla Hand.-Mazz.
=== 长瓣铁线莲组 Sect. Atragene (L.) DC. Syst. ===
*朝鲜铁线莲 Clematis koreana Kom.
*长瓣铁线莲 Clematis macropetala Ledeb.
*半钟铁线莲 Clematis ochotensis (Pall.) Poir.
*西伯利亚铁线莲 Clematis sibirica (L.) Mill.
=== 绣球藤组 Sect. Cheiropsis DC. Syst. ===
*槭叶铁线莲 Clematis acerifolia Maxim.
*金毛铁线莲 Clematis chrysocoma Franch.
*滑叶藤 Clematis fasciculiflora Franch.
*薄叶铁线莲 Clematis gracilifolia Rehd. et Wils.
*绣球藤 Clematis montana Buch.-Ham. ex DC.
*合苞铁线莲 Clematis napaulensis DC.
*美花铁线莲 Clematis potaninii Maxim.
*丽叶铁线莲 Clematis venusta M. C. Chang
=== 威灵仙组 Sect. Clematis ===
==== 棉团铁线莲亚组 Subsect. Angustifolise Tamura ====
==== 厚叶铁线莲亚组 Subsect. Crassifoliae Tamura ====
*厚叶铁线莲 Clematis crassifolia Benth.
==== 威灵仙亚组 Subsect. Rectae ====
* 安徽威灵仙 Clematis anhweiensis M. C. Chang
* 小木通 Clematis armandii Franch.
* 浙江山木通 Clematis chekiangensis Pei
* 威灵仙 Clematis chinensis Osbeck
* 舟柄铁线莲 Clematis dilatata Pei
* 山木通 Clematis finetiana Levl. et Vaniot
* 太行铁线莲 Clematis kirilowii Maxim.
* 毛柱铁线莲 Clematis meyeniana Walp.
* 秦岭铁线莲 Clematis obscura Maxim.
* 五叶铁线莲 Clematis quinquefoliolata Hutch.
* 陕西铁线莲 Clematis shensiensis W. T. Wang
* 圆锥铁线莲 Clematis terniflora DC.
* 柱果铁线莲 Clematis uncinata Champ.
* 云贵铁线莲 Clematis vaniotii Levl. et Port.
==== 钝萼铁线莲亚组 Subsect. Vitalbae Prantl ====
* 女萎 Clematis apiifolia DC.
* 粗齿铁线莲 Clematis argentilucida (Levl. et Vant.) W. T. Wang
* Clematis bartlettii Yamamoto
* 短尾铁线莲 Clematis brevicaudata DC.
* 两广铁线莲 Clematis chingii W. T. Wang
* Clematis formosana Kuntze
* 扬子铁线莲 Clematis ganpiniana (Lévl. et Vant.) Tamura
* 小蓑衣藤 Clematis gouriana Roxb. ex DC.
* 金佛铁线莲 Clematis gratopsis W. T. Wang
* 细木通 Clematis kerriana Drumm. et Craib
* 裂叶铁线莲 Clematis parviloba Gardn. et Champ.
* 钝萼铁线莲 Clematis peterae Hand.-Mazz.
* 羽叶铁线莲 Clematis pinnata Maxim.
* Clematis sasakii Shimizu
* 台湾铁线莲 Clematis taiwaniana Hay.
* 鼎湖铁线莲 Clematis tinghuensis C. T. Ting
* 福贡铁线莲 Clematis tsaii W. T. Wang
* 厚萼铁线莲 Clematis wissmanniana Hand.-Mazz.
=== 灌木铁线莲组 Sect. Fruticella Tamura ===
* 灰叶铁线莲 Clematis canescens (Turcz.) W. T. Wang et M. C. Chang
* 银叶铁线莲 Clematis delavayi Franch.
* 灌木铁线莲 Clematis fruticosa Turcz.
* 披针叶铁线莲 Clematis lancifolia Bur. et Franch.
* 小叶铁线莲 Clematis nannophylla Maxim.
* 准噶尔铁线莲 Clematis songarica Bunge
=== 黄花铁线莲组 Sect. Meclatis (Spach) Tamura ===
* 甘川铁线莲 Clematis akebioides (Maxim.) Hort. ex Veitch
* 粉绿铁线莲 Clematis glauca Willd.
* 藏西铁线莲 Clematis graveolens Lindl.
* 黄花铁线莲 Clematis intricata Bunge
* Clematis intricate
* 东方铁线莲 Clematis orientalis L.
* 齿叶铁线莲 Clematis serratifolia Rehd.
* 甘青铁线莲 Clematis tangutica (Maxim.) Korsh.
* 西藏铁线莲 Clematis tenuifolia Royle
=== 丝铁线莲组 Sect. Naraveliopsis Hand.-Mazz. ===
* 丝铁线莲 Clematis filamentosa Dunn
* 滇南铁线莲 Clematis fulvicoma Rehd. et Wils.
* 菝葜叶铁线莲 Clematis loureiroana DC.
* 勐腊铁线莲 Clematis menglaensis M. C. Chang
* 墨脱铁线莲 Clematis metouensis M. Y. Fang
* 长萼铁线莲 Clematis tashiroi Maxim.
===尾叶铁线莲组 Sect. Viorna (Reichb.) Prantl ===
==== 尾叶铁线莲亚组 Subsect. Connatae Koehne ====
* Clematis acuminata
* 芹叶铁线莲 Clematis aethusifolia Turcz.
* 安顺铁线莲 Clematis anshunensis M. Y. Fang
* 毛木通 Clematis buchananiana DC.
* 邱北铁线莲 Clematis chiupehensis M. Y. Fang
* 平坝铁线莲 Clematis clarkeana Levl. et Vaniot
* 合柄铁线莲 Clematis connata DC.
* 毛花铁线莲 Clematis dasyandra Maxim.
* 黄毛铁线莲 Clematis grewiiflora DC.
* 单叶铁线莲 Clematis henryi Oliv.
* 湖北铁线莲 Clematis hupehensis Hemsl. et Wils.
* 吉隆铁线莲 Clematis kilungensis W. T. Wang et M. Y. Fang
* 贵州铁线莲 Clematis kweichowensis Pei
* 毛蕊铁线莲 Clematis lasiandra Maxim.
* 锈毛铁线莲 Clematis leschenaultiana DC.
* 台湾丝瓜花 Clematis morii Hay.
* 怒江铁线莲 Clematis nukiangensis M. Y. Fang
* 宽柄铁线莲 Clematis otophora Franch. ex Finet et Gagn.
* 宾川铁线莲 Clematis pinchuanensis W. T. Wang et M. Y. Fang
* 须蕊铁线莲 Clematis pogonandra Maxim.
* 华中铁线莲 Clematis pseudootophpra M. Y. Fang
* 西南铁线莲 Clematis pseudopogonandra Finet et Gagn.
* 毛茛铁线莲 Clematis ranunculoides Franch.
* 长花铁线莲 Clematis rehderiana Craib
* 曲柄铁线莲 Clematis repens Finet et Gagn.
* 莓叶铁线莲 Clematis rubifolia Wright
* 神农架铁线莲 Clematis shenlungchiaensis M. Y. Fang
* 镰叶铁线莲 Clematis subfalcata Pei
* 杯柄铁线莲 Clematis trullifera (Franch.) Finet et Gagn.
* 尾叶铁线莲 Clematis urophylla Franch.
* 云南铁线莲 Clematis yunnanensis Franch.
==== 全缘铁线莲亚组 Subsect. Crispae Prantl ====
* 褐毛铁线莲 Clematis fusca Turcz.
* 全缘铁线莲 Clematis integrifolia L.
==== 大叶铁线莲亚组 Subsect. Tubulosae Decne. ====
* 大叶铁线莲 Clematis heracleifolia DC.
* 细花铁线莲 Clematis tatarinowii Maxim.
* 台中铁线莲 Clematis tsugetorum Ohwi
=== 铁线莲组 Sect. Viticella DC. Syst. ===
* 短柱铁线莲 Clematis cadmia Buch.-Ham. ex Wall.
* 大花威灵仙 Clematis courtoisii Hand.-Mazz.
* 铁线莲 Clematis florida Thunb.
* 毛萼铁线莲 Clematis hancockiana Maxim.
* 吴兴铁线莲 Clematis huchouensis Tamura
* 毛叶铁线莲 Clematis lanuginosa Lindl.
* 光柱铁线莲 Clematis longistyla Hand.-Mazz.
* 转子莲 Clematis patens Morr. et Decne.
==主要品种==
紫色铁线莲
绣球藤
铁线莲的胞果
*Clematis addisonii Britt.
*Clematis albicoma Wherry
*Clematis alpina (L.) Mill.
* 小木通 (Clematis armandii)
*Clematis baldwinii Torr. & A.Gray
*Clematis bigelovii Torr.
*Clematis brachiata Thunb.
*Clematis campaniflora Brot.
*Clematis caracasana DC.
*Clematis catesbyana
* 威灵仙 (Clematis chinensis) Osbeck
*Clematis chrysocoma Franch.
*Clematis cirrhosa L.
**Clematis cirrhosa v. balearica
*Clematis coactilis (Fern.) Keener
*Clematis columbiana (Nutt.) Torr. & A.Gray
*Clematis crispa L.
*Clematis dioica L.
*Clematis drummondii Torr. & A.Gray
*Clematis durandii
*Clematis flammula L.
*Clematis florida Thunb.
*Clematis fremontii S.Watson
*Clematis glaucophylla Small
*Clematis glycinoides DC.
*Clematis henryi Oliv.
*Clematis hirsutissima Pursh
*Clematis integrifolia L.
*Clematis × jackmanii T.Moore
*Clematis lanuginosa Lindl. & Paxton
*Clematis lasiantha Nutt.
*Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt.
*Clematis macropetala Ledeb.
*Clematis marmoraria Sneddon
*Clematis microphylla DC.
*Clematis montana Buch.-Ham. ex DC.
*Clematis morefieldii Kral
*Clematis napaulensis DC.
*Clematis occidentalis (Hornem.) DC.
*Clematis ochroleuca Ait.
*Clematis orientalis L.
*Clematis palmeri Rose
*Clematis paniculata J.F.Gmel.
*Clematis patens C.Morren & Decne.
*Clematis pauciflora Nutt.
*Clematis pitcheri Torr. & A.Gray
*Clematis recta L.
*Clematis reticulata Walter
*Clematis rhodocarpa Rose
*Clematis smilacifolia Wall.
*Clematis socialis Kral
*Clematis stans Siebold & Zucc.
*Clematis tangutica (Maxim.) Korsh.
* 东北铁线莲 (Clematis terniflora) DC.
*Clematis ternifolia  – 别称 Clematis paniculata
*Clematis texensis Buckley
*Clematis versicolor
*Clematis viorna L.
*Clematis virginiana L.
*Clematis vitalba L.
*Clematis viticaulis E.Steele
*Clematis viticella L.
== 经济用途 ==
中国植物志上介绍该属植物的经济用途：
=== 药用===
* 芹叶铁线莲 Clematis aethusifolia
*  Clematis alsomitrifolia
* 女萎 Clematis apiifolia
* 钝齿铁线莲 Clematis apiifolia var. obtusidentata
* 粗齿铁线莲 Clematis argentilucida
* 小木通 Clematis armandii
* 短尾铁线莲 Clematis brevicaudata
* 威灵仙 Clematis chinensis
* 金毛铁线莲 Clematis chrysocoma
* 大花威灵仙 Clematis courtoisii
* 厚叶铁线莲 Clematis crassifolia
* 滑叶藤 Clematis fasciculiflora
* 丝铁线莲 Clematis filamentosa
* 山木通 Clematis finetiana
* 铁线莲 Clematis florida
* 粉绿铁线莲 Clematis glauca
* 小蓑衣藤 Clematis gouriana
* 单叶铁线莲 Clematis henryi
* 大叶铁线莲 Clematis heracleifolia
* 棉团铁线莲 Clematis hexapetala
* 吴兴铁线莲 Clematis huchouensis
* 细木通 Clematis kerriana
* 朝鲜铁线莲 Clematis koreana
* 披针叶铁线莲 Clematis lancifolia
* 锈毛铁线莲 Clematis leschenaultiana
* 菝葜叶铁线莲 Clematis loureiroana
* 毛柱铁线莲 Clematis meyeniana
* 沙叶铁线莲（变种） Clematis meyeniana var. granulata
* 绣球藤 Clematis montana
* 钝萼铁线莲 Clematis peterae
* 美花铁线莲 Clematis potaninii
* 五叶铁线莲 Clematis quinquefoliolata
* 长花铁线莲 Clematis rehderiana
* 甘青铁线莲 Clematis tangutica
* 圆锥铁线莲 Clematis terniflora
* 辣蓼铁线莲（变种） Clematis terniflora var. mandshurica
* 毛柱果铁线莲 Clematis trichocarpa
* 柱果铁线莲 Clematis uncinata
* 蒺藜小木通 Clematis zygophylla
=== 观赏===
* 毛叶铁线莲 Clematis lanuginosa
* 绣球藤 Clematis montana
== 参考文献 ==