Protein: DNA polymerase delta catalytic subunit (EC 2.7.7.7) (3'-5' exodeoxyribonuclease) (EC 3.1.11.-) (DNA polymerase subunit delta p125) (P28340)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: As the catalytic component of the trimeric (Pol-delta3 complex) and tetrameric DNA polymerase delta complexes (Pol-delta4 complex), plays a crucial role in high fidelity genome replication, including in lagging strand synthesis, and repair. Exhibits both DNA polymerase and 3'- to 5'-exonuclease activities. Requires the presence of accessory proteins POLD2, POLD3 and POLD4 for full activity. Depending upon the absence (Pol-delta3) or the presence of POLD4 (Pol-delta4), displays differences in catalytic activity. Most notably, expresses higher proofreading activity in the context of Pol-delta3 compared with that of Pol-delta4. Although both Pol-delta3 and Pol-delta4 process Okazaki fragments in vitro, Pol-delta3 may be better suited to fulfill this task, exhibiting near-absence of strand displacement activity compared to Pol-delta4 and stalling on encounter with the 5'-blocking oligonucleotides. Pol-delta3 idling process may avoid the formation of a gap, while maintaining a nick that can be readily ligated. Along with DNA polymerase kappa, DNA polymerase delta carries out approximately half of nucleotide excision repair (NER) synthesis following UV irradiation. Under conditions of DNA replication stress, in the presence of POLD3 and POLD4, may catalyze the repair of broken replication forks through break-induced replication (BIR). Involved in the translesion synthesis (TLS) of templates carrying O6-methylguanine, 8oxoG or abasic sites.
Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11595739, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20227374, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22801543}. Note=Colocalizes with PCNA and POLD3 at S phase replication sites (PubMed:11595739). After UV irradiation, recruited to DNA damage sites within 2 hours, independently on the cell cycle phase, nor on PCNA ubiquitination. This recruitment requires POLD3, PCNA and RFC1-replication factor C complex (PubMed:20227374, PubMed:22801543). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11595739, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20227374, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22801543}.
Interaction partners:
- DNA polymerase delta subunit 4
- Proliferating cell nuclear antigen
- DNA polymerase delta subunit 2
- DNA polymerase epsilon catalytic subunit A
- DNA polymerase delta subunit 3
- Flap endonuclease 1
- DNA mismatch repair protein Msh6
- DNA mismatch repair protein Msh2
- DNA polymerase alpha subunit B
- DNA primase large subunit
Sequence:
MDGKRRPGPGPGVPPKRARGGLWDDDDAPRPSQFEEDLALMEEMEAEHRLQEQEEEELQSVLEGVADGQVPPSAIDPRWLRPTPPALDPQTEPLIFQQLEIDHYVGPAQPVPGGPPPSRGSVPVLRAFGVTDEGFSVCCHIHGFAPYFYTPAPPGFGPEHMGDLQRELNLAISRDSRGGRELTGPAVLAVELCSRESMFGYHGHGPSPFLRITVALPRLVAPARRLLEQGIRVAGLGTPSFAPYEANVDFEIRFMVDTDIVGCNWLELPAGKYALRLKEKATQCQLEADVLWSDVVSHPPEGPWQRIAPLRVLSFDIECAGRKGIFPEPERDPVIQICSLGLRWGEPEPFLRLALTLRPCAPILGAKVQSYEKEEDLLQAWSTFIRIMDPDVITGYNIQNFDLPYLISRAQTLKVQTFPFLGRVAGLCSNIRDSSFQSKQTGRRDTKVVSMVGRVQMDMLQVLLREYKLRSYTLNAVSFHFLGEQKEDVQHSIITDLQNGNDQTRRRLAVYCLKDAYLPLRLLERLMVLVNAVEMARVTGVPLSYLLSRGQQVKVVSQLLRQAMHEGLLMPVVKSEGGEDYTGATVIEPLKGYYDVPIATLDFSSLYPSIMMAHNLCYTTLLRPGTAQKLGLTEDQFIRTPTGDEFVKTSVRKGLLPQILENLLSARKRAKAELAKETDPLRRQVLDGRQLALKVSANSVYGFTGAQVGKLPCLEISQSVTGFGRQMIEKTKQLVESKYTVENGYSTSAKVVYGDTDSVMCRFGVSSVAEAMALGREAADWVSGHFPSPIRLEFEKVYFPYLLISKKRYAGLLFSSRPDAHDRMDCKGLEAVRRDNCPLVANLVTASLRRLLIDRDPEGAVAHAQDVISDLLCNRIDISQLVITKELTRAASDYAGKQAHVELAERMRKRDPGSAPSLGDRVPYVIISAAKGVAAYMKSEDPLFVLEHSLPIDTQYYLEQQLAKPLLRIFEPILGEGRAEAVLLRGDHTRCKTVLTGKVGGLLAFAKRRNCCIGCRTVLSHQGAVCEFCQPRESELYQKEVSHLNALEERFSRLWTQCQRCQGSLHEDVICTSRDCPIFYMRKKVRKDLEDQEQLLRRFGPPGPEAW