Protein: Protein draper (Q9W0A0)
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)
Function: Receptor which is involved in the phagocytosis of a variety of cells including apoptotic cells, severed and pruned axons, degenerating dendrites, salivary gland cells, germline cells and bacteria. Binds to the ligand prtp which relocates from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface during apoptosis. Ligand-binding may promote tyrosine phosphorylation mediated by Src42a, interaction with shark and subsequent activation of phagocytosis. Also binds to the membrane phospholipid phosphatidylserine which is exposed on the surface of apoptotic cells. Required for the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages. Also required for the phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons by glial cells in the embryonic nervous system. Acts downstream of NimC4/simu in the glial phagocytosis of apoptotic neurons. Plays a role in the glial engulfment of larval axons as part of programmed axon pruning during metamorphosis. Also mediates glial cell clearance of severed axons following axonal injury. Required for the engulfment of degenerating dendrites by epidermal cells. Required in the ovary for the engulfment and subsequent processing of dying germline cells by follicular epithelial cells through activation of the JNK/bsk pathway. Plays a role in neuromuscular junction development by mediating the clearance of presynaptic debris and immature boutons which are shed by growing synapses. Required for larval salivary gland cell death which occurs following a rise in steroid levels after puparium formation. Also involved in bacterial phagocytosis. Required for hemocyte phagocytosis of the Gram-positive bacterium S.aureus. Lipoteichoic acid, synthesized by the S.aureus lipoteichoic acid synthase ltaS, acts as a ligand for drpr in this process. Together with Src42a and shark, promotes the migration of macrophages to sites of wounding as part of a signaling cascade where Scr42a detects production of hydrogen peroxide at wound sites which triggers phosphorylation of drpr and subsequent recruitment and activation of shark. Also required for macrophage priming which occurs following phagocytosis of apoptotic cells and ensures that macrophages develop a form of molecular memory that allows them to later mount an inflammatory response to tissue damage and bacterial infection. Is also an essential factor in the regulation of muscle development and myogenesis, and as a consequence is required for normal locomotion. Likely to control the balance between skeletal muscle satellite cells proliferation and differentiation through regulation of the notch signaling pathway.
Subcellular location: Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12765609, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18455990, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22992958}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000255}. Cell projection, axon {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16772169}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22992958}. Postsynaptic cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19707574, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22992958}. Cytoplasm, cell cortex {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27212238}. Cell projection, phagocytic cup {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27347682}. Cytoplasmic vesicle, phagosome {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27347682}. Note=In olfactory receptor neurons, expressed at low levels along the axon but is up-regulated at severed axons following injury (PubMed:16772169). In follicle cells, detected at the cell membrane and in punctate speckles within the cytoplasm (PubMed:22992958). Also detected in follicle cells on the phagocytic cup and on newly internalized phagosomes (PubMed:27347682). In stage 13 macrophages, localizes to punctae around engulfed cell corpses but by stage 15, relocates to the cell cortex (PubMed:27212238). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16772169, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22992958, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27212238, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27347682}.
Interaction partners:
- PTB domain-containing adapter protein ced-6
- Tyrosine-protein kinase Shark
- Ced-12
- Dumpy, isoform Q
- Thioredoxin domain-containing protein 5 homolog
- Protein croquemort
- Adapter molecule Crk
- Protein disulfide-isomerase A6 homolog
- Myoblast city, isoform B
- Tyrosine-protein kinase Src42A
Sequence:
MLPVILIACLAQLVLAQADLKDLDGPNICKRRELYNVDVVYTELQSFQERGSTWCVTFPPRCSTYRIKHRVVNKTKTIAKNRIVRDCCDGYIASAGECVPHCSEPCQHGRCISPEKCKCDHGYGGPACDINCPPGWYGRNCSMQCDCLNNAVCEPFSGDCECAKGYTGARCADICPEGFFGANCSEKCRCENGGKCHHVSGECQCAPGFTGPLCDMRCPDGKHGAQCQQDCPCQNDGKCQPETGACMCNPGWTGDVCANKCPVGSYGPGCQESCECYKGAPCHHITGQCECPPGYRGERCFDECQLNTYGFNCSMTCDCANDAMCDRANGTCICNPGWTGAKCAERICEANKYGLDCNRTCECDMEHTDLCHPETGNCQCSIGWSSAQCTRPCTFLRYGPNCELTCNCKNGAKCSPVNGTCLCAPGWRGPTCEESCEPGTFGQDCALRCDCQNGAKCEPETGQCLCTAGWKNIKCDRPCDLNHFGQDCAKVCDCHNNAACNPQNGSCTCAAGWTGERCERKCDTGKFGHDCAQKCQCDFNNSLACDATNGRCVCKQDWGGVHCETNCRSGYYGENCDKVCRCLNNSSCDPDSGNCICSAGWTGADCAEPCPPGFYGMECKERCPEILHGNKSCDHITGEILCRTGYIGLTCEHPCPAGLYGPGCKLKCNCEHGGECNHVTGQCQCLPGWTGSNCNESCPTDTYGQGCAQRCRCVHHKVCRKADGMCICETGWSGTRCDEVCPEGFYGEHCMNTCACPSANFQCHAAHGCVCRSGYTGDNCDELIASQRIADQSENSSRASVALTLVLMTLFACIIFAVFIYYRRRVSNLKTEIAHVHYTHDTNPPSWPPNHNFDNPVYGMQAETRLLPNNMRSKMNNFDQRSTMSTDYGDDCNASGRVGSYSINYNHDLLTKNLNADRTNPIVYNESLKEEHVYDEIKHKEGYKDPDEYDHLDYSRPSTSQKPHYHRMNDAMLNINQDEEKPSNVKNMTVLLNKPLPPTEPEPQHECFDNTNTNLDNVSTASPSSSPKFLK