Protein: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23) (Angiotensin-converting enzyme homolog) (ACEH) (Angiotensin-converting enzyme-related carboxypeptidase) (ACE-related carboxypeptidase) (EC 3.4.17.-) (Metalloprotease MPROT15) [Cleaved into: Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2] (Q9BYF1)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Essential counter-regulatory carboxypeptidase of the renin-angiotensin hormone system that is a critical regulator of blood volume, systemic vascular resistance, and thus cardiovascular homeostasis. Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin 1-9, a nine-amino acid peptide with anti-hypertrophic effects in cardiomyocytes, and angiotensin II to angiotensin 1-7, which then acts as a beneficial vasodilator and anti-proliferation agent, counterbalancing the actions of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II. Also removes the C-terminal residue from three other vasoactive peptides, neurotensin, kinetensin, and des-Arg bradykinin, but is not active on bradykinin. Also cleaves other biological peptides, such as apelins (apelin-13, [Pyr1]apelin-13, apelin-17, apelin-36), casomorphins (beta-casomorphin-7, neocasomorphin) and dynorphin A with high efficiency. In addition, ACE2 C-terminus is homologous to collectrin and is responsible for the trafficking of the neutral amino acid transporter SL6A19 to the plasma membrane of gut epithelial cells via direct interaction, regulating its expression on the cell surface and its catalytic activity.
Subcellular location: [Processed angiotensin-converting enzyme 2]: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15983030, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33713620}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18424768}; Single-pass type I membrane protein {ECO:0000255}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8R0I0}. Cell projection, cilium {ECO:0000269|PubMed:33432184}. Apical cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:33432184}. Note=Detected in both cell membrane and cytoplasm in neurons. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8R0I0}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform 2]: Apical cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:33432184}.
Interaction partners:
- Dipeptidyl peptidase 4
- Transmembrane protease serine 2
- Angiotensinogen
- Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B
- Sodium- and chloride-dependent transporter XTRP3
- Type-1 angiotensin II receptor
- Syncytin-1
- Endogenous retrovirus group 3 member 1 Env polyprotein
- Syncytin-2
- C-type lectin domain family 4 member M
Sequence:
MSSSSWLLLSLVAVTAAQSTIEEQAKTFLDKFNHEAEDLFYQSSLASWNYNTNITEENVQNMNNAGDKWSAFLKEQSTLAQMYPLQEIQNLTVKLQLQALQQNGSSVLSEDKSKRLNTILNTMSTIYSTGKVCNPDNPQECLLLEPGLNEIMANSLDYNERLWAWESWRSEVGKQLRPLYEEYVVLKNEMARANHYEDYGDYWRGDYEVNGVDGYDYSRGQLIEDVEHTFEEIKPLYEHLHAYVRAKLMNAYPSYISPIGCLPAHLLGDMWGRFWTNLYSLTVPFGQKPNIDVTDAMVDQAWDAQRIFKEAEKFFVSVGLPNMTQGFWENSMLTDPGNVQKAVCHPTAWDLGKGDFRILMCTKVTMDDFLTAHHEMGHIQYDMAYAAQPFLLRNGANEGFHEAVGEIMSLSAATPKHLKSIGLLSPDFQEDNETEINFLLKQALTIVGTLPFTYMLEKWRWMVFKGEIPKDQWMKKWWEMKREIVGVVEPVPHDETYCDPASLFHVSNDYSFIRYYTRTLYQFQFQEALCQAAKHEGPLHKCDISNSTEAGQKLFNMLRLGKSEPWTLALENVVGAKNMNVRPLLNYFEPLFTWLKDQNKNSFVGWSTDWSPYADQSIKVRISLKSALGDKAYEWNDNEMYLFRSSVAYAMRQYFLKVKNQMILFGEEDVRVANLKPRISFNFFVTAPKNVSDIIPRTEVEKAIRMSRSRINDAFRLNDNSLEFLGIQPTLGPPNQPPVSIWLIVFGVVMGVIVVGIVILIFTGIRDRKKKNKARSGENPYASIDISKGENNPGFQNTDDVQTSF