Protein: Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) (EC 3.1.1.79) (Monoacylglycerol lipase LIPE) (EC 3.1.1.23) (Retinyl ester hydrolase) (REH) (Q05469)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Lipase with broad substrate specificity, catalyzing the hydrolysis of triacylglycerols (TAGs), diacylglycerols (DAGs), monoacylglycerols (MAGs), cholesteryl esters and retinyl esters. Shows a preferential hydrolysis of DAGs over TAGs and MAGs and preferentially hydrolyzes the fatty acid (FA) esters at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone in DAGs. Preferentially hydrolyzes FA esters at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of the glycerol backbone in TAGs (By similarity). Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, an endocannabinoid and of 2-acetyl monoalkylglycerol ether, the penultimate precursor of the pathway for de novo synthesis of platelet-activating factor (By similarity). In adipose tissue and heart, it primarily hydrolyzes stored triglycerides to free fatty acids, while in steroidogenic tissues, it principally converts cholesteryl esters to free cholesterol for steroid hormone production (By similarity).
Subcellular location: Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17026959}. Membrane, caveola {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16803459, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17026959}. Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17026959}. Lipid droplet {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P54310}. Note=Found in the high-density caveolae. Translocates to the cytoplasm from the caveolae upon insulin stimulation (PubMed:17026959). Phosphorylation by AMPK reduces its translocation towards the lipid droplets (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P54310, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17026959}.
Interaction partners:
- Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte
- Perilipin-1
- cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha
- cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma
- cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta
- Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2
- cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-beta regulatory subunit
- Monoglyceride lipase
- 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1
- cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1
Sequence:
MEPGSKSVSRSDWQPEPHQRPITPLEPGPEKTPIAQPESKTLQGSNTQQKPASNQRPLTQQETPAQHDAESQKEPRAQQKSASQEEFLAPQKPAPQQSPYIQRVLLTQQEAASQQGPGLGKESITQQEPALRQRHVAQPGPGPGEPPPAQQEAESTPAAQAKPGAKREPSAPTESTSQETPEQSDKQTTPVQGAKSKQGSLTELGFLTKLQELSIQRSALEWKALSEWVTDSESESDVGSSSDTDSPATMGGMVAQGVKLGFKGKSGYKVMSGYSGTSPHEKTSARNHRHYQDTASRLIHNMDLRTMTQSLVTLAEDNIAFFSSQGPGETAQRLSGVFAGVREQALGLEPALGRLLGVAHLFDLDPETPANGYRSLVHTARCCLAHLLHKSRYVASNRRSIFFRTSHNLAELEAYLAALTQLRALVYYAQRLLVTNRPGVLFFEGDEGLTADFLREYVTLHKGCFYGRCLGFQFTPAIRPFLQTISIGLVSFGEHYKRNETGLSVAASSLFTSGRFAIDPELRGAEFERITQNLDVHFWKAFWNITEMEVLSSLANMASATVRVSRLLSLPPEAFEMPLTADPTLTVTISPPLAHTGPGPVLVRLISYDLREGQDSEELSSLIKSNGQRSLELWPRPQQAPRSRSLIVHFHGGGFVAQTSRSHEPYLKSWAQELGAPIISIDYSLAPEAPFPRALEECFFAYCWAIKHCALLGSTGERICLAGDSAGGNLCFTVALRAAAYGVRVPDGIMAAYPATMLQPAASPSRLLSLMDPLLPLSVLSKCVSAYAGAKTEDHSNSDQKALGMMGLVRRDTALLLRDFRLGASSWLNSFLELSGRKSQKMSEPIAEPMRRSVSEAALAQPQGPLGTDSLKNLTLRDLSLRGNSETSSDTPEMSLSAETLSPSTPSDVNFLLPPEDAGEEAEAKNELSPMDRGLGVRAAFPEGFHPRRSSQGATQMPLYSSPIVKNPFMSPLLAPDSMLKSLPPVHIVACALDPMLDDSVMLARRLRNLGQPVTLRVVEDLPHGFLTLAALCRETRQAAELCVERIRLVLTPPAGAGPSGETGAAGVDGGCGGRH