Protein: Lysine-specific demethylase 9 (KDM9) (EC 1.14.11.-) (Dosage compensation protein dpy-21) (Q9GRZ3)
Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
Function: Histone demethylase that specifically demethylates dimethylated 'Lys-20' of histone H4 (H4K20me2), thereby modulating the chromosome architecture. Promotes chromatin compaction by converting H4k20me2 to H4K20me1 leading to transcriptional repression. Required for X chromosome dosage compensation by enriching H4K20me1 on X chromosomes and thereby reducing X-linked gene transcription in hermaphrodites throughout development. X chromosome specificity is mediated by the recruitment through proteins of the condensin-like dosage compensation complex (DCC). Required for the enrichment of H4K20me1 on autosomes in meiotic germ cells leading to their compaction in a DCC-independent mechanism. Involved in 3-dimensional chromosome organization by strengthening the borders of topologically associating domains. Involved in the regulation of growth, fecundity and body fat metabolism downstream of the TOR complex 2 and the protein kinase sgk-1 pathway. Also involved in male tail development.
Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14660541, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28867287}. Chromosome {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14660541, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28867287}. Note=Specifically localizes to the X chromosomes around the 300- to 350-cell stage in hermaphrodite (XX) but not in male (X0) embryos (PubMed:14660541, PubMed:28867287). Requires sdc-2, sdc-3, dpy-26, dpy-27 and dpy-28 for X chromosome localization (PubMed:14660541). Colocalizes with X chromosomes during interphase, but is diffusely distributed during mitosis (PubMed:28867287). Localizes to all autosomes but not to X chromosomes in pachytene nuclei (PubMed:28867287). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14660541, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28867287}.
Interaction partners:
- Dosage compensation protein dpy-30
- Chromosome condensation protein dpy-27
- Sex determination and dosage compensation protein sdc-2
- Zinc finger protein sdc-3
- Zinc finger protein sdc-1
- Condensin complex subunit dpy-26
- Condensin complex subunit 1
- Condensin complex subunit capg-1
- Mitotic chromosome and X-chromosome-associated protein mix-1
- Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase Suv4-20
Sequence:
MRSTTFDKNSGAPEEPRRPRGPRTPDGEPTEANERPCSSSSSLSNDSFVPAPQGPQNGHTSSSHDNDYSEYRPRRGPKTPPLPPPDEPVKQQQQQQPIVAPYSYYPTYGSSTGYPYPYPTMMMPQQGIPGPSQHPATPSYYIQHPPPPSMSNGAPYYPHMNPSPYYQPRPNYVTQPPAPIIPPPQPPVMTASAAAAAYRDRLPPPPPKPPMPDLRTKEPIGIRSWNGSGIPPPPILPPVACLSSTMSPGMLRSPVPRERFNSVESNGSFSLHPPPPVPPPAKKPLNMDVRELLNGAHQTTVESVKKDPPAPQPRPRPIPVPPTTSYNSSFCGLLPPPPVPPDLRASAASAAASPPMVQDASFSSVLTPKTKAPEKIPSPPATVTSSTDSLEHMQRKRKKQQETEEQEKAAKKAKRHQEERERQKIEAEKRKKAILEEAAKVTRPPAEKKPPVVVEETIRAVPFVFKQEMPLPFVLAAAAAAAKEPETRPEPRPEPKQNGYHVKQAEPLQAEPPQNGYRLAAAQALQHEPRQASEPLQNVQPEPSKQASELVQNGYAAPQEPRRATPPPEPLRNELPKHSDLLNVSKPSEPAEPPKPSDAPREPEVAAAEAVIPEPSPAVSVEEPPRREERAASMAGIPPPPPTSSRHSPVPRREDRAEFMARSTPPAPGKDRKSLGGRMAMWRNKKNKTASMVGPPEPKELPAVVEVEAIVEPVVEDQPEPVVSEELKPTEPEPVEPEPMEVEPVVAKEVVEEVVEEVVETQEPWVPLSECSRSSSLELLAELPPPPRASEPPPPPPPPVATAPVPASMEEDEIIDIETIDEITSTSTKKPEKVEKIKKAPVVTKAALKMVGRPKKTPGRRRKKDRGASPSPSPSPPPPPETTLTPIVLPRKKQRIEKKKLTPPPPQQAPVTSHTPPPVEQLMSRKKQIMMEHSSLDHIQFKLIEIELAAKRRKAEAAAKAAAAVEQKDEKAEEVENRETPPGPSTSMRSSSLHTPNTSEEDEVIFVEPSTLEKPERRNGTTEERVMTADQRAMFDAKIEEARRSRMSTRDCSVVSTLGPVKSKASQRLHDIIEGKEELEDSMDDPTNNNGTLAGILYPMRSERAESVSSNHRSEGAGGSMSLKHHLARKNELKEEANVARRSEILKAVVKRQREIGVPTTLMSKSAIELVEEDEKERKNHKNNKTLSHPDYVRSKNEAEKAEFHGKGGTMRITNRNLKMLTRQFDLPKMSSRFRKFVRIRRHPNGMATIISCDYNQIKQHLGPNEMKHFERQFVRLGFAENNGVPLFAIGVMENAAEALHDQFEWLAKNSPNTQVKVGSLTNKQFIETMPMKKYYESAMETLDMGTFRFGPLMSLSMVGTKNEEAGGNFKEMLDALNAAPFLGPIMPWGDFSEVQGIKEDTSDDGPIFWVRPGEQMVPTDGKNRSTEPRHPLATRGNDRRETAFNDRTNAHADQVRESTEDDPTTTTTTTTTTSSSSSSSKSKKSAKSDPTFVKSTAAVGVLQGIRNPDANDDDEYYEDERKAVKEVIVFDAHDLHKVAHHLAMDLYEPPVSQCHRWVDDAILNTMRREGIRYAKLELHENDMYFLPRNVIHQFRTVSACSSVAWHVRLRHYYDVDQPASLSDPQFECDSDYSDDGDFDD