Protein: Lysyl oxidase homolog 2A (EC 1.4.3.13) (Lysyl oxidase-like protein 2A) (F1QQC3)
Organism: Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio)
Function: Mediates the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine) (By similarity). Acts as a transcription corepressor and specifically mediates deamination of trimethylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me3), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation (By similarity). Shows no activity against histone H3 when it is trimethylated on 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) or 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) or when 'Lys-4' is monomethylated (H3K4me1) or dimethylated (H3K4me2) (By similarity). Also mediates deamination of methylated TAF10, a member of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex, which induces release of TAF10 from promoters, leading to inhibition of TFIID-dependent transcription (By similarity). LOXL2-mediated deamination of TAF10 results in transcriptional repression of genes required for embryonic stem cell pluripotency (By similarity). Involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and participates in repression of E-cadherin, probably by mediating deamination of histone H3 (By similarity). When secreted into the extracellular matrix, promotes cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins by mediating oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors to fibrous collagen and elastin (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of sprouting angiogenesis, probably via collagen IV scaffolding. Acts as a regulator of chondrocyte differentiation, probably by regulating expression of factors that control chondrocyte differentiation (By similarity). Required with loxl2b for correct expression of Sox2 and for neural differentiation.
Subcellular location: Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix, basement membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4K0}. Nucleus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4K0}. Chromosome {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4K0}. Endoplasmic reticulum {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4K0}. Note=Associated with chromatin. It is unclear how LOXL2 is nuclear as it contains a signal sequence and has been shown to be secreted. However, a number of reports confirm its intracellular location and its key role in transcription regulation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9Y4K0}.
Interaction partners:
- RING-type E3 ubiquitin transferase
- Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase.
- A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 15
- ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 15b.
Sequence:
MAVSSALCIFSLLVLAQAQSELQQPKIELRLAGDKRKHYEGRLEVFYNNEWGTVCDDDFSIEAAHVACRQLGFLGAVAWSPSAKFGQGEGRIWLDNVHCTGRENSLAACPSNGFGVSDCRHSEDVGVICNQKRIPGHRFINIMNNNVETLEERVEEIRIRPISSHLKRIPITEGYVEVKERGKWRQICDEEWTPLNSRVACGMYGFPGEKNYNNKVYRSLSMRKKKNYWGFSVNCTGNEAHVSSCRLGKALEPKRNGTCGRGLPVVVSCVPGRAFAPSSSIGFRKAYRPEQPLVRLRGGANVGEGRVEVLKNGVWGTVCDDNWNLKAATVVCRELGFGSAKEALTGAKLGQGMGPVHMNEVECSGFEKSLTDCYFNNDALGCSHEEDAAVRCNVPAMGFQKRIRLSGGRNPFEGRVEVLAEKNGSLVWGTVCSENWGIIEAMVVCRQLGLGFASHAFQETWYWAGDANADNVVMSGVRCSGTEMSLPQCLHHGKHINCPKGGGRFAAGVSCSDTAPDLVLNAQLVEQTTYLEDRPMYALQCALEENCLSSTARKNDHSSYRRLLRFSSQIHNVGQSDFRPKLGYHAWTWHECHRHYHSMEVFTHYDLLSLNGTKVAEGHKASFCLEDTHCDEGISKRYHCANFGEQGITVGCWDTYRHDIDCQWIDVTDVKPGDYIFQVVINPNYDVAESDYTNNVMKCKCRYDGYRIWTYSCHIGGSRSSDMDEYSGMSNQLNHLR