Protein: Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (Guanine nucleotide exchange factor H1) (GEF-H1) (Q5FVC2)
Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Function: Activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. May be involved in epithelial barrier permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, innate immune response, and cancer. Binds Rac-GTPases, but does not seem to promote nucleotide exchange activity toward Rac-GTPases. May stimulate instead the cortical activity of Rac. Inactive toward CDC42, TC10, or Ras-GTPases. Forms an intracellular sensing system along with NOD1 for the detection of microbial effectors during cell invasion by pathogens. Involved in innate immune signaling transduction pathway promoting cytokine IL6/interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha secretion in macrophage upon stimulation by bacterial peptidoglycans; acts as a signaling intermediate between NOD2 receptor and RIPK2 kinase. Contributes to the tyrosine phosphorylation of RIPK2 through Src tyrosine kinase leading to NF-kappaB activation by NOD2. Overexpression activates Rho-, but not Rac-GTPases, and increases paracellular permeability. Involved in neuronal progenitor cell division and differentiation. Involved in the migration of precerebellar neurons.
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q865S3, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92974}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q865S3, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92974}. Cell junction, tight junction {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q865S3, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92974}. Golgi apparatus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92974}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q865S3, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92974}. Cytoplasmic vesicle {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92974}. Note=Localizes to the tips of cortical microtubules of the mitotic spindle during cell division, and is further released upon microtubule depolymerization. Colocalized with NOD2 and RIPK2 in vesicles and with the cytoskeleton. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q92974}.
Interaction partners:
- Transforming protein RhoA
- RSA-14-44 protein.
- Cingulin-like 1
- Cingulin
- Focal adhesion kinase 1
- Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB
- Cell division control protein 42 homolog
- Paxillin
- Ras homolog family member C.
- Exocyst complex component 2
Sequence:
MSRIESLTRARIDRSKEQATKTREKEKMKEAKDARYTNGHLFTTISVSGMTMCYACNKSITAKEALICPTCNVTIHNRCKDTLANCTKVKQKQQKAALLRNNTALQSVSLRSKTTTRERPTSAIYPSDSFRQSLLGSRRGLSSLSLAKSVSTTNIAGHFNDESPLGLRQILSQSTDSLNMRNRTLSVESLIDEGVEVFYNELMSDFEMDEKDFEADSWSLAVDSSFLQQHKKEVMKKQDVIYELIQTELHHVRTLKIMTRLFRTGMLEELQMEPEVVQGLFPCVDELSDIHTRFLSQLLERRRQALCPGSTRNFVIHRLGDLLISQFSGSNAEQMRKTYSEFCSRHTKALKLYKELYARDKRFQQFIRKMTRSAVLKRHGVQECILLVTQRITKYPVLINRILQNSHGIEEEYQDLAAALGLVKELLSNVDQDVHELEKEARLQEIYNRMDPRAQTPVPGKGPFGRDELLRRKLIHDGCLLWKTATGRFKDVLLLLMTDVLVFLQEKDQKYIFTSLDKPSVVSLQNLIVRDIANQAKGMFLISSGPPEMYEVHAASRDDRTTWIRVIQQSVRLCPSREDFPLIETEDKAYLRRIKTKLQQKNQALVELLQMNVELFAEMVHFQALKAGFIGMPPPTLPRGLFRLESFESLRGERLLKDALREVEGLKDLLLGPCVDLPLTAREPALPVEADSGSCPGVTANGEARTFNGSIELCRADSDSSQKDRNGNQLRSPQEEALQPLVNLYGLLQGLQAVVVQQERLMEALFPEGPERWEKLSRANSRDGEAGRAAVASVTPEKQATELALLQRQHSLLQEELRRCQRLGEERATEAGSLEARLRESEQARALLEREAEEIRRQLAALGQNEPLPAEAPWARRPLDPRRRSLPAGDALYLSFNPPQPSRGHDRLDLPVTVRSLHRPFDDREAQELGSPEDRLQDSSDPDTCSEEEVSSRLSPPHSPRDFTRMQDIPEETESRDGEPTASES