Protein: Enolase (Pfen) (Pfeno) (EC 4.2.1.11) (2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase) (2-phosphoglycerate dehydratase) (Q8IJN7)
Organism: Plasmodium falciparum (isolate 3D7)
Function: Glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate. In addition to glycolysis, involved in various processes such as parasite development and invasion (By similarity). Plays an essential role during ookinete invasion of the mosquito vector midgut by mediating the interaction of the ookinete with the midgut epithelium and, further, by binding to mammalian host plasminogen in the blood meal, whose conversion to active plasmin promotes the invasion process (By similarity).
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19642995, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24009698}. Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19642995}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:W7JLR6}. Cell surface {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19642995, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24009698}. Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q7RA60}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000305}; Cytoplasmic side {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q7RA60}. Vacuole {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19642995}. Note=Partially localizes to the nucleus in rings and trophozoites (PubMed:19642995). Localization to the nucleus and food vacuole is higher in early and mid-stage trophozoites compared to the late-stage trophozoites and schizonts (PubMed:19642995). In the nucleus, localizes to heterochromatin region (PubMed:19642995). In rings, nuclear localization is dependent on the actin cytoskeleton (PubMed:19642995). In the trophozoite food vacuole, colocalizes with hemozoin, a product of heme detoxification (PubMed:19642995). Localizes to the cell surface of merozoites (PubMed:19642995). In gametocytes, predominantly localizes to the actin cytoskeleton (By similarity). In sporozoites, localizes to punctate structures beneath the cell membrane (By similarity). Localizes to the cell surface of ookinetes, especially on the apical pellicle complex that is involved in invasion (By similarity). When phosphorylated at Thr-339, localizes to the cytoskeleton (By similarity). When phosphorylated at Ser-42, localizes to the cytoplasm (PubMed:24009698). When ubiquitinated at Lys-138, acetylated at Lys-133 and Lys-375 and phosphorylated at Tyr-139, localizes to the food vacuole (By similarity). When triubiquitinated at Lys-138, appears to colocalize with hemozoin in the food vacuole (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q7RA60, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:W7JLR6, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19642995, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24009698}.
Interaction partners:
- Phosphoglycerate kinase
- Phosphoglycerate mutase
- pyruvate kinase
- Pyruvate kinase
- Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase
- Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- Suppressor of forked domain-containing protein
- Triosephosphate isomerase
- Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase
- Triosephosphate isomerase
Sequence:
MAHVITRINAREILDSRGNPTVEVDLETNLGIFRAAVPSGASTGIYEALELRDNDKSRYLGKGVQKAIKNINEIIAPKLIGMNCTEQKKIDNLMVEELDGSKNEWGWSKSKLGANAILAISMAVCRAGAAANKVSLYKYLAQLAGKKSDQMVLPVPCLNVINGGSHAGNKLSFQEFMIVPVGAPSFKEALRYGAEVYHTLKSEIKKKYGIDATNVGDEGGFAPNILNANEALDLLVTAIKSAGYEGKVKIAMDVAASEFYNSENKTYDLDFKTPNNDKSLVKTGAQLVDLYIDLVKKYPIVSIEDPFDQDDWENYAKLTAAIGKDVQIVGDDLLVTNPTRITKALEKNACNALLLKVNQIGSITEAIEACLLSQKNNWGVMVSHRSGETEDVFIADLVVALRTGQIKTGAPCRSERNAKYNQLLRIEESLGNNAVFAGEKFRLQLN