Protein: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 (RNA polymerase II subunit B1) (EC 2.7.7.6) (DNA-directed RNA polymerase III largest subunit) (P16356)
Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans
Function: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. RPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single-stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from RPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (RPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing (By similarity). Involved in the transcription of several genes including those involved in embryogenesis.
Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14726532, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17291483, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23903194}. Chromosome {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27541139}. Note=Localizes to punctate nucleoplasmic structures in the nuclei of interphase somatic cells when phosphorylated at 'Ser-5' of the C-terminal heptapeptide repeat (PubMed:14726532). A similar localization occurs in early developing oocytes when phosphorylated at 'Ser-2' and 'Ser-5' of the C-terminal heptapeptide repeat (PubMed:17291483). Localizes to the nucleus of embryonic somatic and germline cells when phosphorylated at 'Ser-2' of the C-terminal heptapeptide repeat (PubMed:23903194). Localizes to two discrete foci in the transcriptionally silent germ line nucleus (PubMed:14726532, PubMed:17291483). Co-localizes with transcriptionally active chromatin in all autosomes of mitotic and meiotic nuclei in germ cells (PubMed:27541139). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14726532, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17291483, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23903194, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27541139}.
Interaction partners:
- Probable DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB11
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC1
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC5
- Probable DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC4
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase RpoA/D/Rpb3-type domain-containing protein
- Probable DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit rpb-9
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB7
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB2
Sequence:
MALVGVDFQAPLRIVSRVQFGILGPEEIKRMSVAHVEFPEVYENGKPKLGGLMDPRQGVIDRRGRCMTCAGNLTDCPGHFGHLELAKPVFHIGFLTKTLKILRCVCFYCGRLLIDKSAPRVLEILKKTGTNSKKRLTMIYDLCKAKSVCEGAAEKEEGMPDDPDDPMNDGKKVAGGCGRYQPSYRRVGIDINAEWKKNVNEDTQERKIMLTAERVLEVFQQITDEDILVIGMDPQFARPEWMICTVLPVPPLAVRPAVVTFGSAKNQDDLTHKLSDIIKTNQQLQRNEANGAAAHVLTDDVRLLQFHVATLVDNCIPGLPTATQKGGRPLKSIKQRLKGKEGRIRGNLMGKRVDFSARTVITADPNLPIDTVGVPRTIAQNLTFPEIVTPFNVDKLQELVNRGDTQYPGAKYIIRENGARVDLRYHPRAADLHLQPGYRVERHMKDGDIIVFNRQPTLHKMSMMGHRVKILPWSTFRMNLSVTSPYNADFDGDEMNLHLPQSLETRAEIEEIAMVPRQLITPQANKPVMGIVQDTLCAVRMMTKRDVFIDWPFMMDLLMYLPTWDGKVPQPAILKPKPLWTGKQVFSLIIPGNVNVLRTHSTHPDSEDSGPYKWISPGDTKVIIEHGELLSGIVCSKTVGKSAGNLLHVVTLELGYEIAANFYSHIQTVINAWLIREGHTIGIGDTIADQATYLDIQNTIRKAKQDVVDVIEKAHNDDLEPTPGNTLRQTFENKVNQILNDARDRTGSSAQKSLSEFNNFKSMVVSGSKGSKINISQVIACVGQQNVEGKRIPFGFRHRTLPHFIKDDYGPESKGFVENSYLAGLTPSEFFFHAMGGREGLIDTAVKTAETGYIQRRLIKAMESVMVNYDGTVRNSLAQMVQLRYGEDGLDGMWVENQNMPTMKPNNAVFERDFRMDLTDNKFLRKNYSEDVVREIQESEDGISLVESEWSQLEEDRRLLRKIFPRGDAKIVLPCNLQRLIWNAQKIFKVDLRKPVNLSPLHVISGVRELSKKLIIVSGNDEISKQAQYNATLLMNILLRSTLCTKNMCTKSKLNSEAFDWLLGEIESRFQQAIAQPGEMVGALAAQSLGEPATQMTLNTFHYAGVSAKNVTLGVPRLKEIINVSKTLKTPSLTVFLTGAAAKDPEKAKDVLCKLEHTTLKKVTCNTAIYYDPDPKNTVIAEDEEWVSIFYEMPDHDLSRTSPWLLRIELDRKRMVDKKLTMEMIADRIHGGFGNDVHTIYTDDNAEKLVFRLRIAGEDKGEAQEEQVDKMEDDVFLRCIEANMLSDLTLQGIPAISKVYMNQPNTDDKKRIIITPEGGFKSVADWILETDGTALLRVLSERQIDPVRTTSNDICEIFEVLGIEAVRKAIEREMDNVISFDGSYVNYRHLALLCDVMTAKGHLMAITRHGINRQEVGALMRCSFEETVDILMEAAVHAEEDPVKGVSENIMLGQLARCGTGCFDLVLDVEKCKYGMEIPQNVVMGGGFYGSFAGSPSNREFSPAHSPWNSGVTPTYAGAAWSPTTGGMSPGAGFSPAGNTDGGASPFNEGGWSPASPGDPLGALSPRTPSYGGMSPGVYSPSSPQFSMTSPHYSPTSPSYSPTSPAAGQSPVSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPSSPSYSPSSPSYSPSSPRYSPTSPTYSPTSPTYSPTSPTYSPTSPTYSPTSPSYESGGGYSPSSPKYSPSSPTYSPTSPSYSPTSPQYSPTSPQYSPSSPTYTPSSPTYNPTSPRGFSSPQYSPTSPTYSPTSPSYTPSSPQYSPTSPTYTPSPSEQPGTSAQYSPTSPTYSPSSPTYSPASPSYSPSSPTYDPNS