Protein: Stalled ribosome sensor GCN1 (GCN1 eIF-2-alpha kinase activator homolog) (GCN1-like protein 1) (General control of amino-acid synthesis 1-like protein 1) (Translational activator GCN1) (HsGCN1) (Q92616)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Acts as a positive activator of the EIF2AK4/GCN2 protein kinase activity in response to amino acid starvation. Forms a complex with EIF2AK4/GCN2 on translating ribosomes; during this process, GCN1 seems to act as a chaperone to facilitate delivery of uncharged tRNAs that enter the A site of ribosomes to the tRNA-binding domain of EIF2AK4/GCN2, and hence stimulating EIF2AK4/GCN2 kinase activity. Participates in the repression of global protein synthesis and in gene-specific mRNA translation activation, such as the transcriptional activator ATF4, by promoting the EIF2AK4/GCN2-mediated phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF-2-alpha/EIF2S1) on 'Ser-52', and hence allowing ATF4-mediated reprogramming of amino acid biosynthetic gene expression to alleviate nutrient depletion.
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:E9PVA8}. Note=Associates with ribosomes in undifferentiated neuroblastoma cells and increases after neuronal differentiation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:E9PVA8}.
Interaction partners:
- eIF-2-alpha kinase GCN2
- ATP-binding cassette sub-family F member 3
- Developmentally-regulated GTP-binding protein 2
- Small ribosomal subunit protein uS3
- Small ribosomal subunit protein uS15
- Small ribosomal subunit protein uS19
- Small ribosomal subunit protein uS5
- Small ribosomal subunit protein uS10
- Large ribosomal subunit protein eL19
- Small ribosomal subunit protein eS12
Sequence:
MAADTQVSETLKRFAGKVTTASVKERREILSELGKCVAGKDLPEGAVKGLCKLFCLTLHRYRDAASRRALQAAIQQLAEAQPEATAKNLLHSLQSSGIGSKAGVPSKSSGSAALLALTWTCLLVRIVFPSRAKRQGDIWNKLVEVQCLLLLEVLGGSHKHAVDGAVKKLTKLWKENPGLVEQYLSAILSLEPNQNYAGMLGLLVQFCTSHKEMDVVSQHKSALLDFYMKNILMSKVKPPKYLLDSCAPLLRYLSHSEFKDLILPTIQKSLLRSPENVIETISSLLASVTLDLSQYAMDIVKGLAGHLKSNSPRLMDEAVLALRNLARQCSDSSAMESLTKHLFAILGGSEGKLTVVAQKMSVLSGIGSVSHHVVSGPSSQVLNGIVAELFIPFLQQEVHEGTLVHAVSVLALWCNRFTMEVPKKLTEWFKKAFSLKTSTSAVRHAYLQCMLASYRGDTLLQALDLLPLLIQTVEKAASQSTQVPTITEGVAAALLLLKLSVADSQAEAKLSSFWQLIVDEKKQVFTSEKFLVMASEDALCTVLHLTERLFLDHPHRLTGNKVQQYHRALVAVLLSRTWHVRRQAQQTVRKLLSSLGGFKLAHGLLEELKTVLSSHKVLPLEALVTDAGEVTEAGKAYVPPRVLQEALCVISGVPGLKGDVTDTEQLAQEMLIISHHPSLVAVQSGLWPALLARMKIDPEAFITRHLDQIIPRMTTQSPLNQSSMNAMGSLSVLSPDRVLPQLISTITASVQNPALRLVTREEFAIMQTPAGELYDKSIIQSAQQDSIKKANMKRENKAYSFKEQIIELELKEEIKKKKGIKEEVQLTSKQKEMLQAQLDREAQVRRRLQELDGELEAALGLLDIILAKNPSGLTQYIPVLVDSFLPLLKSPLAAPRIKNPFLSLAACVMPSRLKALGTLVSHVTLRLLKPECVLDKSWCQEELSVAVKRAVMLLHTHTITSRVGKGEPGAAPLSAPAFSLVFPFLKMVLTEMPHHSEEEEEWMAQILQILTVQAQLRASPNTPPGRVDENGPELLPRVAMLRLLTWVIGTGSPRLQVLASDTLTTLCASSSGDDGCAFAEQEEVDVLLCALQSPCASVRETVLRGLMELHMVLPAPDTDEKNGLNLLRRLWVVKFDKEEEIRKLAERLWSMMGLDLQPDLCSLLIDDVIYHEAAVRQAGAEALSQAVARYQRQAAEVMGRLMEIYQEKLYRPPPVLDALGRVISESPPDQWEARCGLALALNKLSQYLDSSQVKPLFQFFVPDALNDRHPDVRKCMLDAALATLNTHGKENVNSLLPVFEEFLKNAPNDASYDAVRQSVVVLMGSLAKHLDKSDPKVKPIVAKLIAALSTPSQQVQESVASCLPPLVPAIKEDAGGMIQRLMQQLLESDKYAERKGAAYGLAGLVKGLGILSLKQQEMMAALTDAIQDKKNFRRREGALFAFEMLCTMLGKLFEPYVVHVLPHLLLCFGDGNQYVREAADDCAKAVMSNLSAHGVKLVLPSLLAALEEESWRTKAGSVELLGAMAYCAPKQLSSCLPNIVPKLTEVLTDSHVKVQKAGQQALRQIGSVIRNPEILAIAPVLLDALTDPSRKTQKCLQTLLDTKFVHFIDAPSLALIMPIVQRAFQDRSTDTRKMAAQIIGNMYSLTDQKDLAPYLPSVTPGLKASLLDPVPEVRTVSAKALGAMVKGMGESCFEDLLPWLMETLTYEQSSVDRSGAAQGLAEVMAGLGVEKLEKLMPEIVATASKVDIAPHVRDGYIMMFNYLPITFGDKFTPYVGPIIPCILKALADENEFVRDTALRAGQRVISMYAETAIALLLPQLEQGLFDDLWRIRFSSVQLLGDLLFHISGVTGKMTTETASEDDNFGTAQSNKAIITALGVERRNRVLAGLYMGRSDTQLVVRQASLHVWKIVVSNTPRTLREILPTLFGLLLGFLASTCADKRTIAARTLGDLVRKLGEKILPEIIPILEEGLRSQKSDERQGVCIGLSEIMKSTSRDAVLYFSESLVPTARKALCDPLEEVREAAAKTFEQLHSTIGHQALEDILPFLLKQLDDEEVSEFALDGLKQVMAIKSRVVLPYLVPKLTTPPVNTRVLAFLSSVAGDALTRHLGVILPAVMLALKEKLGTPDEQLEMANCQAVILSVEDDTGHRIIIEDLLEATRSPEVGMRQAAAIILNIYCSRSKADYTSHLRSLVSGLIRLFNDSSPVVLEESWDALNAITKKLDAGNQLALIEELHKEIRLIGNESKGEHVPGFCLPKKGVTSILPVLREGVLTGSPEQKEEAAKALGLVIRLTSADALRPSVVSITGPLIRILGDRFSWNVKAALLETLSLLLAKVGIALKPFLPQLQTTFTKALQDSNRGVRLKAADALGKLISIHIKVDPLFTELLNGIRAMEDPGVRDTMLQALRFVIQGAGAKVDAVIRKNIVSLLLSMLGHDEDNTRISSAGCLGELCAFLTEEELSAVLQQCLLADVSGIDWMVRHGRSLALSVAVNVAPGRLCAGRYSSDVQEMILSSATADRIPIAVSGVRGMGFLMRHHIETGGGQLPAKLSSLFVKCLQNPSSDIRLVAEKMIWWANKDPLPPLDPQAIKPILKALLDNTKDKNTVVRAYSDQAIVNLLKMRQGEEVFQSLSKILDVASLEVLNEVNRRSLKKLASQADSTEQVDDTILT