Protein: Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) (EC 2.1.1.320) (72 kDa ICln-binding protein) (Histone-arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT5) (Jak-binding protein 1) (Shk1 kinase-binding protein 1 homolog) (SKB1 homolog) (SKB1Hs) [Cleaved into: Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5, N-terminally processed] (O14744)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Arginine methyltransferase that can both catalyze the formation of omega-N monomethylarginine (MMA) and symmetrical dimethylarginine (sDMA), with a preference for the formation of MMA. Specifically mediates the symmetrical dimethylation of arginine residues in the small nuclear ribonucleoproteins Sm D1 (SNRPD1) and Sm D3 (SNRPD3); such methylation being required for the assembly and biogenesis of snRNP core particles. Methylates SUPT5H and may regulate its transcriptional elongation properties. May methylate the N-terminal region of MBD2. Mono- and dimethylates arginine residues of myelin basic protein (MBP) in vitro. May play a role in cytokine-activated transduction pathways. Negatively regulates cyclin E1 promoter activity and cellular proliferation. Methylates histone H2A and H4 'Arg-3' during germ cell development (By similarity). Methylates histone H3 'Arg-8', which may repress transcription (By similarity). Methylates the Piwi proteins (PIWIL1, PIWIL2 and PIWIL4), methylation of Piwi proteins being required for the interaction with Tudor domain-containing proteins and subsequent localization to the meiotic nuage (By similarity). Methylates RPS10. Attenuates EGF signaling through the MAPK1/MAPK3 pathway acting at 2 levels. First, monomethylates EGFR; this enhances EGFR 'Tyr-1197' phosphorylation and PTPN6 recruitment, eventually leading to reduced SOS1 phosphorylation. Second, methylates RAF1 and probably BRAF, hence destabilizing these 2 signaling proteins and reducing their catalytic activity. Required for induction of E-selectin and VCAM-1, on the endothelial cells surface at sites of inflammation. Methylates HOXA9. Methylates and regulates SRGAP2 which is involved in cell migration and differentiation. Acts as a transcriptional corepressor in CRY1-mediated repression of the core circadian component PER1 by regulating the H4R3 dimethylation at the PER1 promoter (By similarity). Methylates GM130/GOLGA2, regulating Golgi ribbon formation. Methylates H4R3 in genes involved in glioblastomagenesis in a CHTOP- and/or TET1-dependent manner. Symmetrically methylates POLR2A, a modification that allows the recruitment to POLR2A of proteins including SMN1/SMN2 and SETX. This is required for resolving RNA-DNA hybrids created by RNA polymerase II, that form R-loop in transcription terminal regions, an important step in proper transcription termination. Along with LYAR, binds the promoter of gamma-globin HBG1/HBG2 and represses its expression. Symmetrically methylates NCL. Methylates p53/TP53; methylation might possibly affect p53/TP53 target gene specificity. Involved in spliceosome maturation and mRNA splicing in prophase I spermatocytes through the catalysis of the symmetrical arginine dimethylation of SNRPB (small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated protein) and the interaction with tudor domain-containing protein TDRD6 (By similarity).
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21081503, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21917714, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22269951}. Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18404153, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21081503, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21917714, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22269951}. Chromosome {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16428440, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33376131}. Golgi apparatus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20421892}. Note=Localizes to promoter regions of target genes on chromosomes (PubMed:33376131). Localizes to methylated chromatin (PubMed:16428440). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16428440, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33376131}.
Interaction partners:
- Methylosome subunit pICln
- Methylosome protein WDR77
- Histone H4
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein Sm D3
- Serine/threonine-protein kinase RIO1
- Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 1
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein Sm D1
- Coordinator of PRMT5 and differentiation stimulator
- Small nuclear ribonucleoprotein-associated proteins B and B'
- Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 7
Sequence:
MAAMAVGGAGGSRVSSGRDLNCVPEIADTLGAVAKQGFDFLCMPVFHPRFKREFIQEPAKNRPGPQTRSDLLLSGRDWNTLIVGKLSPWIRPDSKVEKIRRNSEAAMLQELNFGAYLGLPAFLLPLNQEDNTNLARVLTNHIHTGHHSSMFWMRVPLVAPEDLRDDIIENAPTTHTEEYSGEEKTWMWWHNFRTLCDYSKRIAVALEIGADLPSNHVIDRWLGEPIKAAILPTSIFLTNKKGFPVLSKMHQRLIFRLLKLEVQFIITGTNHHSEKEFCSYLQYLEYLSQNRPPPNAYELFAKGYEDYLQSPLQPLMDNLESQTYEVFEKDPIKYSQYQQAIYKCLLDRVPEEEKDTNVQVLMVLGAGRGPLVNASLRAAKQADRRIKLYAVEKNPNAVVTLENWQFEEWGSQVTVVSSDMREWVAPEKADIIVSELLGSFADNELSPECLDGAQHFLKDDGVSIPGEYTSFLAPISSSKLYNEVRACREKDRDPEAQFEMPYVVRLHNFHQLSAPQPCFTFSHPNRDPMIDNNRYCTLEFPVEVNTVLHGFAGYFETVLYQDITLSIRPETHSPGMFSWFPILFPIKQPITVREGQTICVRFWRCSNSKKVWYEWAVTAPVCSAIHNPTGRSYTIGL