Protein: Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2 (EC 7.6.2.2) (ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2) (Breast cancer resistance protein) (CDw338) (Mitoxantrone resistance-associated protein) (Placenta-specific ATP-binding cassette transporter) (Urate exporter) (CD antigen CD338) (Q9UNQ0)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Broad substrate specificity ATP-dependent transporter of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) family that actively extrudes a wide variety of physiological compounds, dietary toxins and xenobiotics from cells. Involved in porphyrin homeostasis, mediating the export of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) from both mitochondria to cytosol and cytosol to extracellular space, it also functions in the cellular export of heme. Also mediates the efflux of sphingosine-1-P from cells. Acts as a urate exporter functioning in both renal and extrarenal urate excretion. In kidney, it also functions as a physiological exporter of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (By similarity). Also involved in the excretion of steroids like estrone 3-sulfate/E1S, 3beta-sulfooxy-androst-5-en-17-one/DHEAS, and other sulfate conjugates. Mediates the secretion of the riboflavin and biotin vitamins into milk (By similarity). Extrudes pheophorbide a, a phototoxic porphyrin catabolite of chlorophyll, reducing its bioavailability (By similarity). Plays an important role in the exclusion of xenobiotics from the brain (Probable). It confers to cells a resistance to multiple drugs and other xenobiotics including mitoxantrone, pheophorbide, camptothecin, methotrexate, azidothymidine, and the anthracyclines daunorubicin and doxorubicin, through the control of their efflux. In placenta, it limits the penetration of drugs from the maternal plasma into the fetus (By similarity). May play a role in early stem cell self-renewal by blocking differentiation (By similarity).
Subcellular location: Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15001581, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15769853, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15807535, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18056989, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31003562, ECO:0000269|PubMed:31254042}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000255}. Apical cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19506252}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000255}. Mitochondrion membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23189181}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000255}. Note=Enriched in membrane lipid rafts. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28623970}.
Interaction partners:
- ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 2
- Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1
- Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1
- Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 9
- Solute carrier family 22 member 12
- Basigin
- Small ribosomal subunit protein uS7m
- Solute carrier family 22 member 1
- Organic anion transporter 3
- Albumin
Sequence:
MSSSNVEVFIPVSQGNTNGFPATASNDLKAFTEGAVLSFHNICYRVKLKSGFLPCRKPVEKEILSNINGIMKPGLNAILGPTGGGKSSLLDVLAARKDPSGLSGDVLINGAPRPANFKCNSGYVVQDDVVMGTLTVRENLQFSAALRLATTMTNHEKNERINRVIQELGLDKVADSKVGTQFIRGVSGGERKRTSIGMELITDPSILFLDEPTTGLDSSTANAVLLLLKRMSKQGRTIIFSIHQPRYSIFKLFDSLTLLASGRLMFHGPAQEALGYFESAGYHCEAYNNPADFFLDIINGDSTAVALNREEDFKATEIIEPSKQDKPLIEKLAEIYVNSSFYKETKAELHQLSGGEKKKKITVFKEISYTTSFCHQLRWVSKRSFKNLLGNPQASIAQIIVTVVLGLVIGAIYFGLKNDSTGIQNRAGVLFFLTTNQCFSSVSAVELFVVEKKLFIHEYISGYYRVSSYFLGKLLSDLLPMRMLPSIIFTCIVYFMLGLKPKADAFFVMMFTLMMVAYSASSMALAIAAGQSVVSVATLLMTICFVFMMIFSGLLVNLTTIASWLSWLQYFSIPRYGFTALQHNEFLGQNFCPGLNATGNNPCNYATCTGEEYLVKQGIDLSPWGLWKNHVALACMIVIFLTIAYLKLLFLKKYS