Protein: DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC1 (RNA polymerase III subunit C1) (EC 2.7.7.6) (DNA-directed RNA polymerase III largest subunit) (DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit A) (RNA polymerase III 155 kDa subunit) (RPC155) (RNA polymerase III subunit C160) (O14802)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic core component of RNA polymerase III which synthesizes small RNAs, such as 5S rRNA and tRNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. A single-stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol III. A bridging helix emanates from RPC1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol III by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition (By similarity). Plays a key role in sensing and limiting infection by intracellular bacteria and DNA viruses. Acts as nuclear and cytosolic DNA sensor involved in innate immune response. Can sense non-self dsDNA that serves as template for transcription into dsRNA. The non-self RNA polymerase III transcripts, such as Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNAs (EBERs) induce type I interferon and NF- Kappa-B through the RIG-I pathway.
Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11416169, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33335104}. Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000269|PubMed:33335104}.
Interaction partners:
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC10
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC2
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases I and III subunit RPAC2
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC3
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC6
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC4
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC9
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase III subunit RPC8
Sequence:
MVKEQFRETDVAKKISHICFGMKSPEEMRQQAHIQVVSKNLYSQDNQHAPLLYGVLDHRMGTSEKDRPCETCGKNLADCLGHYGYIDLELPCFHVGYFRAVIGILQMICKTCCHIMLSQEEKKQFLDYLKRPGLTYLQKRGLKKKISDKCRKKNICHHCGAFNGTVKKCGLLKIIHEKYKTNKKVVDPIVSNFLQSFETAIEHNKEVEPLLGRAQENLNPLVVLNLFKRIPAEDVPLLLMNPEAGKPSDLILTRLLVPPLCIRPSVVSDLKSGTNEDDLTMKLTEIIFLNDVIKKHRISGAKTQMIMEDWDFLQLQCALYINSELSGIPLNMAPKKWTRGFVQRLKGKQGRFRGNLSGKRVDFSGRTVISPDPNLRIDEVAVPVHVAKILTFPEKVNKANINFLRKLVQNGPEVHPGANFIQQRHTQMKRFLKYGNREKMAQELKYGDIVERHLIDGDVVLFNRQPSLHKLSIMAHLARVKPHRTFRFNECVCTPYNADFDGDEMNLHLPQTEEAKAEALVLMGTKANLVTPRNGEPLIAAIQDFLTGAYLLTLKDTFFDRAKACQIIASILVGKDEKIKVRLPPPTILKPVTLWTGKQIFSVILRPSDDNPVRANLRTKGKQYCGKGEDLCANDSYVTIQNSELMSGSMDKGTLGSGSKNNIFYILLRDWGQNEAADAMSRLARLAPVYLSNRGFSIGIGDVTPGQGLLKAKYELLNAGYKKCDEYIEALNTGKLQQQPGCTAEETLEALILKELSVIRDHAGSACLRELDKSNSPLTMALCGSKGSFINISQMIACVGQQAISGSRVPDGFENRSLPHFEKHSKLPAAKGFVANSFYSGLTPTEFFFHTMAGREGLVDTAVKTAETGYMQRRLVKSLEDLCSQYDLTVRSSTGDIIQFIYGGDGLDPAAMEGKDEPLEFKRVLDNIKAVFPCPSEPALSKNELILTTESIMKKSEFLCCQDSFLQEIKKFIKGVSEKIKKTRDKYGINDNGTTEPRVLYQLDRITPTQVEKFLETCRDKYMRAQMEPGSAVGALCAQSIGEPGTQMTLKTFHFAGVASMNITLGVPRIKEIINASKAISTPIITAQLDKDDDADYARLVKGRIEKTLLGEISEYIEEVFLPDDCFILVKLSLERIRLLRLEVNAETVRYSICTSKLRVKPGDVAVHGEAVVCVTPRENSKSSMYYVLQFLKEDLPKVVVQGIPEVSRAVIHIDEQSGKEKYKLLVEGDNLRAVMATHGVKGTRTTSNNTYEVEKTLGIEAARTTIINEIQYTMVNHGMSIDRRHVMLLSDLMTYKGEVLGITRFGLAKMKESVLMLASFEKTADHLFDAAYFGQKDSVCGVSECIIMGIPMNIGTGLFKLLHKADRDPNPPKRPLIFDTNEFHIPLVT