Protein: Piwi-like protein 4 (Q7Z3Z4)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Plays a central role during spermatogenesis by repressing transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for the germline integrity (By similarity). Acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons (By similarity). Directly binds piRNAs, a class of 24 to 30 nucleotide RNAs that are generated by a Dicer-independent mechanism and are primarily derived from transposons and other repeated sequence elements (By similarity). Associates with secondary piRNAs antisense and PIWIL2/MILI is required for such association (By similarity). The piRNA process acts upstream of known mediators of DNA methylation (By similarity). Does not show endonuclease activity (By similarity). Plays a key role in the piRNA amplification loop, also named ping-pong amplification cycle, by acting as a 'slicer-incompetent' component that loads cleaved piRNAs from the 'slicer-competent' component PIWIL2 and target them on genomic transposon loci in the nucleus (By similarity). May be involved in the chromatin-modifying pathway by inducing 'Lys-9' methylation of histone H3 at some loci. In addition to its role in germline, PIWIL4 also plays a role in the regulation of somatic cells activities. Plays a role in pancreatic beta cell function and insulin secretion (By similarity). Involved in maintaining cell morphology and functional integrity of retinal epithelial through Akt/GSK3alpha/beta signaling pathway. When overexpressed, acts as an oncogene by inhibition of apoptosis and promotion of cells proliferation in tumors.
Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25038252, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28025795}. Cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15489334, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25038252, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28025795}. Note=Probable component of the meiotic nuage, also named P granule, a germ-cell-specific organelle required to repress transposon activity during meiosis. PIWIL2/MILI is required for nuclear localization (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q8CGT6}.
Interaction partners:
- ATP-dependent RNA helicase TDRD9
- Pirin
- Tudor and KH domain-containing protein
- Tudor domain-containing protein 1
- Protein maelstrom homolog
- Endoribonuclease Dicer
- Trinucleotide repeat-containing gene 6A protein
- Heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha
- Small RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase
- RNA helicase Mov10l1
Sequence:
MSGRARVKARGIARSPSATEVGRIQASPLPRSVDLSNNEASSSNGFLGTSRISTNDKYGISSGDAGSTFMERGVKNKQDFMDLSICTREKLAHVRNCKTGSSGIPVKLVTNLFNLDFPQDWQLYQYHVTYIPDLASRRLRIALLYSHSELSNKAKAFDGAILFLSQKLEEKVTELSSETQRGETIKMTITLKRELPSSSPVCIQVFNIIFRKILKKLSMYQIGRNFYNPSEPMEIPQHKLSLWPGFAISVSYFERKLLFSADVSYKVLRNETVLEFMTALCQRTGLSCFTQTCEKQLIGLIVLTRYNNRTYSIDDIDWSVKPTHTFQKRDGTEITYVDYYKQQYDITVSDLNQPMLVSLLKKKRNDNSEAQLAHLIPELCFLTGLTDQATSDFQLMKAVAEKTRLSPSGRQQRLARLVDNIQRNTNARFELETWGLHFGSQISLTGRIVPSEKILMQDHICQPVSAADWSKDIRTCKILNAQSLNTWLILCSDRTEYVAESFLNCLRRVAGSMGFNVDYPKIIKVQENPAAFVRAIQQYVDPDVQLVMCILPSNQKTYYDSIKKYLSSDCPVPSQCVLARTLNKQGMMMSIATKIAMQMTCKLGGELWAVEIPLKSLMVVGIDVCKDALSKDVMVVGCVASVNPRITRWFSRCILQRTMTDVADCLKVFMTGALNKWYKYNHDLPARIIVYRAGVGDGQLKTLIEYEVPQLLSSVAESSSNTSSRLSVIVVRKKCMPRFFTEMNRTVQNPPLGTVVDSEATRNEWYDFYLISQVACRGTVSPTYYNVIYDDNGLKPDHMQRLTFKLCHLYYNWPGIVSVPAPCQYAHKLTFLVAQSIHKEPSLELANHLFYL