Protein: Pro-glucagon (P55095)
Organism: Mus musculus (Mouse)
Function: [Glucagon]: Plays a key role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis. Regulates blood glucose by increasing gluconeogenesis and decreasing glycolysis. A counterregulatory hormone of insulin, raises plasma glucose levels in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Plays an important role in initiating and maintaining hyperglycemic conditions in diabetes
Subcellular location: Secreted
Sequence: MKTIYFVAGLLIMLVQGSWQHALQDTEENPRSFPASQTEAHEDPDEMNEDKRHSQGTFTSDYSKYLDSRRAQDFVQWLMNTKRNRNNIAKRHDEFERHAEGTFTSDVSSYLEGQAAKEFIAWLVKGRGRRDFPEEVAIAEELGRRHADGSFSDEMSTILDNLATRDFINWLIQTKITDKK
InterPro domains: - IPR015550: Glucagon (family) [1-180]
- IPR000532: Glucagon/GIP/secretin/VIP (domain) [52-172]
Interaction partners: - Glucagon receptor
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor
- Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor
- Glucagon-like peptide 2 receptor
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas
- Appetite-regulating hormone
- Dipeptidyl peptidase 4
- Glucose-dependent insulinotropic receptor
- Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide receptor 2
- Leptin
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding), GO:0005102 (signaling receptor binding), GO:0001664 (G protein-coupled receptor binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0048518 (positive regulation of biological process), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0023052 (signaling), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0008152 (metabolic process), GO:0042592 (homeostatic process), GO:0048519 (negative regulation of biological process), GO:0023057 (negative regulation of signaling), GO:0051050 (positive regulation of transport), GO:0065008 (regulation of biological quality), GO:0050794 (regulation of cellular process), GO:0048583 (regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0051716 (cellular response to stimulus), GO:0023051 (regulation of signaling), GO:0048523 (negative regulation of cellular process), GO:0007165 (signal transduction), GO:0023056 (positive regulation of signaling), GO:0009058 (biosynthetic process), GO:0048584 (positive regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0019222 (regulation of metabolic process), GO:0032879 (regulation of localization), GO:0014823 (response to activity), GO:0071704 (organic substance metabolic process), GO:0048878 (chemical homeostasis), GO:0044281 (small molecule metabolic process), GO:0009893 (positive regulation of metabolic process), GO:0065009 (regulation of molecular function), GO:0048585 (negative regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0007154 (cell communication), GO:0044238 (primary metabolic process), GO:0048522 (positive regulation of cellular process), GO:0009968 (negative regulation of signal transduction), GO:0051047 (positive regulation of secretion), GO:0060548 (negative regulation of cell death), GO:0009966 (regulation of signal transduction), GO:0060255 (regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:1900117 (regulation of execution phase of apoptosis), GO:0005975 (carbohydrate metabolic process), GO:0051098 (regulation of binding), GO:0007186 (G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:0043270 (positive regulation of monoatomic ion transport), GO:0051171 (regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0051173 (positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0009967 (positive regulation of signal transduction), GO:0050790 (regulation of catalytic activity), GO:0010648 (negative regulation of cell communication), GO:1903530 (regulation of secretion by cell), GO:1903829 (positive regulation of protein localization), GO:0051049 (regulation of transport), GO:0044093 (positive regulation of molecular function), GO:1901576 (organic substance biosynthetic process), GO:0045913 (positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process), GO:0035556 (intracellular signal transduction), GO:0010604 (positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0046887 (positive regulation of hormone secretion), GO:0060341 (regulation of cellular localization), GO:0033500 (carbohydrate homeostasis), GO:0005996 (monosaccharide metabolic process), GO:0010817 (regulation of hormone levels), GO:0009891 (positive regulation of biosynthetic process), GO:0046883 (regulation of hormone secretion), GO:0062013 (positive regulation of small molecule metabolic process), GO:0044283 (small molecule biosynthetic process), GO:0010941 (regulation of cell death), GO:0010646 (regulation of cell communication), GO:0031325 (positive regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0009889 (regulation of biosynthetic process), GO:0062012 (regulation of small molecule metabolic process), GO:0010647 (positive regulation of cell communication), GO:0031323 (regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0080090 (regulation of primary metabolic process), GO:0051222 (positive regulation of protein transport), GO:1903532 (positive regulation of secretion by cell), GO:0051246 (regulation of protein metabolic process), GO:0043069 (negative regulation of programmed cell death), GO:0043067 (regulation of programmed cell death), GO:1904951 (positive regulation of establishment of protein localization), GO:0070201 (regulation of establishment of protein localization), GO:0010675 (regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process), GO:0002793 (positive regulation of peptide secretion), GO:0043393 (regulation of protein binding), GO:0051223 (regulation of protein transport), GO:0090276 (regulation of peptide hormone secretion), GO:0046364 (monosaccharide biosynthetic process), GO:0051928 (positive regulation of calcium ion transport), GO:1902533 (positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction), GO:0043085 (positive regulation of catalytic activity), GO:0050708 (regulation of protein secretion), GO:0010737 (protein kinase A signaling), GO:0019318 (hexose metabolic process), GO:0043255 (regulation of carbohydrate biosynthetic process), GO:0010562 (positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process), GO:0016051 (carbohydrate biosynthetic process), GO:0010906 (regulation of glucose metabolic process), GO:0010676 (positive regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process), GO:2001234 (negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway), GO:0032880 (regulation of protein localization), GO:1902532 (negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction), GO:0006109 (regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process), GO:2001233 (regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway), GO:0031060 (regulation of histone methylation), GO:0050714 (positive regulation of protein secretion), GO:0051099 (positive regulation of binding), GO:0010907 (positive regulation of glucose metabolic process), GO:0090087 (regulation of peptide transport), GO:0042593 (glucose homeostasis), GO:0031062 (positive regulation of histone methylation), GO:0031326 (regulation of cellular biosynthetic process), GO:0051247 (positive regulation of protein metabolic process), GO:0051046 (regulation of secretion), GO:0090277 (positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion), GO:0051338 (regulation of transferase activity), GO:0043269 (regulation of monoatomic ion transport), GO:0007188 (adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:1902531 (regulation of intracellular signal transduction), GO:0031328 (positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process), GO:0051174 (regulation of phosphorus metabolic process), GO:0006006 (glucose metabolic process), GO:0042981 (regulation of apoptotic process), GO:0032092 (positive regulation of protein binding), GO:0032024 (positive regulation of insulin secretion), GO:0061178 (regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus), GO:0019319 (hexose biosynthetic process), GO:0050796 (regulation of insulin secretion), GO:0045937 (positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process), GO:2001243 (negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway), GO:0006111 (regulation of gluconeogenesis), GO:0010959 (regulation of metal ion transport), GO:0051569 (regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation), GO:0043549 (regulation of kinase activity), GO:0035774 (positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus), GO:0007189 (adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:0043410 (positive regulation of MAPK cascade), GO:0090280 (positive regulation of calcium ion import), GO:0031401 (positive regulation of protein modification process), GO:0043408 (regulation of MAPK cascade), GO:2001242 (regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway), GO:0051347 (positive regulation of transferase activity), GO:0031399 (regulation of protein modification process), GO:0043066 (negative regulation of apoptotic process), GO:0051571 (positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation), GO:0019220 (regulation of phosphate metabolic process), GO:0002791 (regulation of peptide secretion), GO:0045722 (positive regulation of gluconeogenesis), GO:0031058 (positive regulation of histone modification), GO:0001932 (regulation of protein phosphorylation), GO:0070374 (positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade), GO:0006094 (gluconeogenesis), GO:0045859 (regulation of protein kinase activity), GO:0051924 (regulation of calcium ion transport), GO:0042327 (positive regulation of phosphorylation), GO:0001934 (positive regulation of protein phosphorylation), GO:0070372 (regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade), GO:0042325 (regulation of phosphorylation), GO:0033674 (positive regulation of kinase activity), GO:0031056 (regulation of histone modification), GO:0090279 (regulation of calcium ion import), GO:0033138 (positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation), GO:0010799 (regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation), GO:0033135 (regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation), GO:0045860 (positive regulation of protein kinase activity), GO:0010800 (positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0005615 (extracellular space), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0031974 (membrane-enclosed lumen), GO:0012505 (endomembrane system), GO:0005576 (extracellular region), GO:0043233 (organelle lumen), GO:0030141 (secretory granule), GO:0031410 (cytoplasmic vesicle), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0060205 (cytoplasmic vesicle lumen), GO:0031983 (vesicle lumen), GO:0099503 (secretory vesicle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0034774 (secretory granule lumen), GO:0070013 (intracellular organelle lumen), GO:0031982 (vesicle), GO:0097708 (intracellular vesicle)