Protein: CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (C-X3-C CKR-1) (CX3CR1) (Fractalkine receptor) (P35411)
Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Function: Receptor for the C-X3-C chemokine fractalkine (CX3CL1) present on many early leukocyte cells; CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signaling exerts distinct functions in different tissue compartments, such as immune response, inflammation, cell adhesion and chemotaxis. CX3CR1-CX3CL1 signaling mediates cell migratory functions. Responsible for the recruitment of natural killer (NK) cells to inflamed tissues. Acts as a regulator of inflammation process leading to atherogenesis by mediating macrophage and monocyte recruitment to inflamed atherosclerotic plaques, promoting cell survival. Involved in airway inflammation by promoting interleukin 2-producing T helper (Th2) cell survival in inflamed lung. Involved in the migration of circulating monocytes to non-inflamed tissues, where they differentiate into macrophages and dendritic cells. Acts as a negative regulator of angiogenesis, probably by promoting macrophage chemotaxis. Plays a key role in brain microglia by regulating inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS) and regulating synapse maturation. Required to restrain the microglial inflammatory response in the CNS and the resulting parenchymal damage in response to pathological stimuli. Involved in brain development by participating in synaptic pruning, a natural process during which brain microglia eliminates extra synapses during postnatal development. Synaptic pruning by microglia is required to promote the maturation of circuit connectivity during brain development. Acts as an important regulator of the gut microbiota by controlling immunity to intestinal bacteria and fungi. Expressed in lamina propria dendritic cells in the small intestine, which form transepithelial dendrites capable of taking up bacteria in order to provide defense against pathogenic bacteria. Required to initiate innate and adaptive immune responses against dissemination of commensal fungi (mycobiota) component of the gut: expressed in mononuclear phagocytes (MNPs) and acts by promoting induction of antifungal IgG antibodies response to confer protection against disseminated C.albicans or C.auris infection (By similarity). Also acts as a receptor for C-C motif chemokine CCL26, inducing cell chemotaxis (By similarity).
Subcellular location: Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P49238}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000255}.
Sequence: MPTSFPELDLENFEYDDSAEACYLGDIVAFGTIFLSIFYSLVFTFGLVGNLLVVLALTNSRKSKSITDIYLLNLALSDLLFVATLPFWTHYLISHEGLHNAMCKLTTAFFFIGFFGGIFFITVISIDRYLAIVLAANSMNNRTVQHGVTISLGVWAAAILVASPQFMFTKRKDNECLGDYPEVLQEIWPVLRNSEVNILGFVLPLLIMSFCYFRIVRTLFSCKNRKKARAIRLILLVVVVFFLFWTPYNIVIFLETLKFYNFFPSCGMKRDLRWALSVTETVAFSHCCLNPFIYAFAGEKFRRYLRHLYNKCLAVLCGRPVHAGFSTESQRSRQDSILSSLTHYTSEGEGSLLL
InterPro domains: - IPR017452: GPCR, rhodopsin-like, 7TM (domain) [49-294]
- IPR005387: CX3C chemokine receptor 1 (family) [5-354]
- IPR000276: G protein-coupled receptor, rhodopsin-like (family) [34-302]
- IPR050119: C-C chemokine receptor type 1-9-like (family) [14-335]
Interaction partners: - Fractalkine
- C-C motif chemokine 2
- C-C motif chemokine 5
- Stromal cell-derived factor 1
- OX-2 membrane glycoprotein
- C-C motif chemokine 3
- C-X-C motif chemokine 10
- C-C motif chemokine
- C-C motif chemokine
- Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding), GO:0004888 (transmembrane signaling receptor activity), GO:0005102 (signaling receptor binding), GO:0005126 (cytokine receptor binding), GO:0001664 (G protein-coupled receptor binding), GO:0042379 (chemokine receptor binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0048518 (positive regulation of biological process), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0023052 (signaling), GO:0051703 (biological process involved in intraspecies interaction between organisms), GO:0032501 (multicellular organismal process), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0032502 (developmental process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0044419 (biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms), GO:0042592 (homeostatic process), GO:0002376 (immune system process), GO:0048519 (negative regulation of biological process), GO:0009605 (response to external stimulus), GO:0048856 (anatomical structure development), GO:0048870 (cell motility), GO:0042221 (response to chemical), GO:0006955 (immune response), GO:0051240 (positive regulation of multicellular organismal process), GO:0035176 (social behavior), GO:0071840 (cellular component organization or biogenesis), GO:0051239 (regulation of multicellular organismal process), GO:0048871 (multicellular organismal-level homeostasis), GO:0050793 (regulation of developmental process), GO:0065008 (regulation of biological quality), GO:0009607 (response to biotic stimulus), GO:0009719 (response to endogenous stimulus), GO:0040017 (positive regulation of locomotion), GO:0050794 (regulation of cellular process), GO:0048583 (regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0051716 (cellular response to stimulus), GO:0023051 (regulation of signaling), GO:0007568 (aging), GO:0048523 (negative regulation of cellular process), GO:0051707 (response to other organism), GO:0007165 (signal transduction), GO:0040012 (regulation of locomotion), GO:0007275 (multicellular organism development), GO:0048584 (positive regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0019222 (regulation of metabolic process), GO:0007155 (cell adhesion), GO:0032879 (regulation of localization), GO:0003008 (system process), GO:0050900 (leukocyte migration), GO:0009893 (positive regulation of metabolic process), GO:0006950 (response to stress), GO:0051094 (positive regulation of developmental process), GO:0007154 (cell communication), GO:0007610 (behavior), GO:0048522 (positive regulation of cellular process), GO:0032103 (positive regulation of response to external stimulus), GO:0044085 (cellular component biogenesis), GO:0043207 (response to external biotic stimulus), GO:2000145 (regulation of cell motility), GO:0060548 (negative regulation of cell death), GO:0002685 (regulation of leukocyte migration), GO:0048731 (system development), GO:0048513 (animal organ development), GO:0070848 (response to growth factor), GO:0009966 (regulation of signal transduction), GO:0030155 (regulation of cell adhesion), GO:0007631 (feeding behavior), GO:0071495 (cellular response to endogenous stimulus), GO:0060255 (regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0032101 (regulation of response to external stimulus), GO:0001817 (regulation of cytokine production), GO:0003013 (circulatory system process), GO:0009725 (response to hormone), GO:0043114 (regulation of vascular permeability), GO:0007204 (positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration), GO:0007186 (G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:0030900 (forebrain development), GO:0007186 (G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:0051171 (regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0045595 (regulation of cell differentiation), GO:0016043 (cellular component organization), GO:0001819 (positive regulation of cytokine production), GO:0031349 (positive regulation of defense response), GO:0051128 (regulation of cellular component organization), GO:0090066 (regulation of anatomical structure size), GO:0035094 (response to nicotine), GO:0008284 (positive regulation of cell population proliferation), GO:0016477 (cell migration), GO:0051173 (positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0097529 (myeloid leukocyte migration), GO:0045597 (positive regulation of cell differentiation), GO:0051049 (regulation of transport), GO:0010604 (positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0050920 (regulation of chemotaxis), GO:0006952 (defense response), GO:1901700 (response to oxygen-containing compound), GO:0045785 (positive regulation of cell adhesion), GO:0071216 (cellular response to biotic stimulus), GO:0010033 (response to organic substance), GO:2000147 (positive regulation of cell motility), GO:0045087 (innate immune response), GO:0002687 (positive regulation of leukocyte migration), GO:0071402 (cellular response to lipoprotein particle stimulus), GO:0098542 (defense response to other organism), GO:0048872 (homeostasis of number of cells), GO:2000026 (regulation of multicellular organismal development), GO:0042127 (regulation of cell population proliferation), GO:0010941 (regulation of cell death), GO:1901698 (response to nitrogen compound), GO:0060322 (head development), GO:0010646 (regulation of cell communication), GO:0031325 (positive regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0070887 (cellular response to chemical stimulus), GO:0009617 (response to bacterium), GO:0010647 (positive regulation of cell communication), GO:0031323 (regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0050877 (nervous system process), GO:0080090 (regulation of primary metabolic process), GO:0050921 (positive regulation of chemotaxis), GO:1901652 (response to peptide), GO:0045664 (regulation of neuron differentiation), GO:0032535 (regulation of cellular component size), GO:0022409 (positive regulation of cell-cell adhesion), GO:0008015 (blood circulation), GO:0051246 (regulation of protein metabolic process), GO:0043069 (negative regulation of programmed cell death), GO:0043067 (regulation of programmed cell death), GO:0022407 (regulation of cell-cell adhesion), GO:0002237 (response to molecule of bacterial origin), GO:0030334 (regulation of cell migration), GO:0010468 (regulation of gene expression), GO:0022607 (cellular component assembly), GO:0007420 (brain development), GO:0007399 (nervous system development), GO:0071677 (positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration), GO:0030335 (positive regulation of cell migration), GO:0007417 (central nervous system development), GO:0071675 (regulation of mononuclear cell migration), GO:1901701 (cellular response to oxygen-containing compound), GO:0071417 (cellular response to organonitrogen compound), GO:0003018 (vascular process in circulatory system), GO:0034097 (response to cytokine), GO:0071219 (cellular response to molecule of bacterial origin), GO:0032496 (response to lipopolysaccharide), GO:0010562 (positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process), GO:0071310 (cellular response to organic substance), GO:1901342 (regulation of vasculature development), GO:0045766 (positive regulation of angiogenesis), GO:1901699 (cellular response to nitrogen compound), GO:0071774 (response to fibroblast growth factor), GO:0010628 (positive regulation of gene expression), GO:0007600 (sensory perception), GO:0035150 (regulation of tube size), GO:0043434 (response to peptide hormone), GO:0032870 (cellular response to hormone stimulus), GO:0006954 (inflammatory response), GO:0010243 (response to organonitrogen compound), GO:0048514 (blood vessel morphogenesis), GO:0033993 (response to lipid), GO:0051247 (positive regulation of protein metabolic process), GO:0045765 (regulation of angiogenesis), GO:0072676 (lymphocyte migration), GO:0034341 (response to type II interferon), GO:0014070 (response to organic cyclic compound), GO:0034330 (cell junction organization), GO:0071363 (cellular response to growth factor stimulus), GO:0051174 (regulation of phosphorus metabolic process), GO:0071222 (cellular response to lipopolysaccharide), GO:0042981 (regulation of apoptotic process), GO:0045937 (positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process), GO:0001952 (regulation of cell-matrix adhesion), GO:0071345 (cellular response to cytokine stimulus), GO:0034329 (cell junction assembly), GO:0090026 (positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis), GO:0043524 (negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process), GO:0035296 (regulation of tube diameter), GO:0043410 (positive regulation of MAPK cascade), GO:0002573 (myeloid leukocyte differentiation), GO:0044344 (cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus), GO:0031401 (positive regulation of protein modification process), GO:0140131 (positive regulation of lymphocyte chemotaxis), GO:0014911 (positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration), GO:0043408 (regulation of MAPK cascade), GO:0031399 (regulation of protein modification process), GO:0071375 (cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus), GO:0019229 (regulation of vasoconstriction), GO:0043066 (negative regulation of apoptotic process), GO:0043542 (endothelial cell migration), GO:0019220 (regulation of phosphate metabolic process), GO:0071396 (cellular response to lipid), GO:1901653 (cellular response to peptide), GO:0019233 (sensory perception of pain), GO:1903037 (regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion), GO:0050808 (synapse organization), GO:0071346 (cellular response to type II interferon), GO:0050954 (sensory perception of mechanical stimulus), GO:0001932 (regulation of protein phosphorylation), GO:0070374 (positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade), GO:0042327 (positive regulation of phosphorylation), GO:0001934 (positive regulation of protein phosphorylation), GO:0070372 (regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade), GO:0042325 (regulation of phosphorylation), GO:1990869 (cellular response to chemokine), GO:0071356 (cellular response to tumor necrosis factor)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0009986 (cell surface), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0012505 (endomembrane system), GO:0031410 (cytoplasmic vesicle), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0005768 (endosome), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0031982 (vesicle), GO:0097708 (intracellular vesicle)