Protein: Actin-related protein 3 (Actin-2) (Actin-like protein 3) (P61157)
Organism: Bos taurus (Bovine)
Function: ATP-binding component of the Arp2/3 complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates actin polymerization upon stimulation by nucleation-promoting factor (NPF). The Arp2/3 complex mediates the formation of branched actin networks in the cytoplasm, providing the force for cell motility. Seems to contact the pointed end of the daughter actin filament. In podocytes, required for the formation of lamellipodia downstream of AVIL and PLCE1 regulation. In addition to its role in the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton, the Arp2/3 complex also promotes actin polymerization in the nucleus, thereby regulating gene transcription and repair of damaged DNA. The Arp2/3 complex promotes homologous recombination (HR) repair in response to DNA damage by promoting nuclear actin polymerization, leading to drive motility of double-strand breaks (DSBs). Plays a role in ciliogenesis.
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P61158}. Cell projection {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P61158}. Nucleus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P61158}. Note=In pre-apoptotic cells, colocalizes with MEFV in large specks (pyroptosomes). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P61158}.
Sequence: MAGRLPACVVDCGTGYTKLGYAGNTEPQFIIPSCIAIKESAKVGDQAQRRVMKGVDDLDFFIGDEAIEKPTYATKWPIRHGIVEDWDLMERFMEQVIFKYLRAEPEDHYFLLTEPPLNTPENREYTAEIMFESFNVPGLYIAVQAVLALAASWTSRQVGERTLTGTVIDSGDGVTHVIPVAEGYVIGSCIKHIPIAGRDITYFIQQLLRDREVGIPPEQSLETAKAVKERYSYVCPDLVKEFNKYDTDGSKWIKQYTGINAISKKEFSIDVGYERFLGPEIFFHPEFANPDFTQPISEVVDEVIQNCPIDVRRPLYKNIVLSGGSTMFRDFGRRLQRDLKRTVDARLKLSEELSGGRLKPKPIDVQVITHHMQRYAVWFGGSMLASTPEFYQVCHTKKDYEEIGPSICRHNPVFGVMS
InterPro domains: - IPR043129: ATPase, nucleotide binding domain (homologous_superfamily) [5-414]
- IPR004000: Actin family (family) [5-413]
- IPR020902: Actin/actin-like conserved site (conserved_site) [111-123]
Interaction partners: - Actin-related protein 2
- Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3
- Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2
- Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B
- Actin nucleation-promoting factor WASL
- Actin-related protein 2
- Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5
- Actin nucleation-promoting factor WAS
- Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4
- Src substrate cortactin
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0071840 (cellular component organization or biogenesis), GO:0030029 (actin filament-based process), GO:0016043 (cellular component organization), GO:0044085 (cellular component biogenesis), GO:0030036 (actin cytoskeleton organization), GO:0043933 (protein-containing complex organization), GO:0006996 (organelle organization), GO:0097435 (supramolecular fiber organization), GO:0007015 (actin filament organization), GO:0022607 (cellular component assembly), GO:0065003 (protein-containing complex assembly), GO:0007010 (cytoskeleton organization), GO:0008154 (actin polymerization or depolymerization), GO:0051017 (actin filament bundle assembly), GO:0061572 (actin filament bundle organization), GO:0051258 (protein polymerization), GO:0030041 (actin filament polymerization)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0005829 (cytosol), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure)