Protein: S-arrestin (48 kDa protein) (Retinal S-antigen) (S-AG) (Rod photoreceptor arrestin) [Cleaved into: S-arrestin short form] (P08168)
Organism: Bos taurus (Bovine)
Function: Binds to photoactivated, phosphorylated RHO and terminates RHO signaling via G-proteins by competing with G-proteins for the same binding site on RHO. May play a role in preventing light-dependent degeneration of retinal photoreceptor cells (By similarity).
Subcellular location: [Isoform A]: Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7515057}. Membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P20443}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P20443}. Note=Highly expressed in photoreceptor outer segments in light-exposed retina (PubMed:7515057). Evenly distributed throughout rod photoreceptor cells in dark-adapted retina (PubMed:7515057). Predominantly dectected at the proximal region of photoreceptor outer segments, near disk membranes (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P10523, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7515057}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Isoform B]: Cell projection, cilium, photoreceptor outer segment {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7515057, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003967}. Membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003967}; Peripheral membrane protein {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8003967}.
Sequence: MKANKPAPNHVIFKKISRDKSVTIYLGKRDYIDHVERVEPVDGVVLVDPELVKGKRVYVSLTCAFRYGQEDIDVMGLSFRRDLYFSQVQVFPPVGASGATTRLQESLIKKLGANTYPFLLTFPDYLPCSVMLQPAPQDVGKSCGVDFEIKAFATHSTDVEEDKIPKKSSVRLLIRKVQHAPRDMGPQPRAEASWQFFMSDKPLRLAVSLSKEIYYHGEPIPVTVAVTNSTEKTVKKIKVLVEQVTNVVLYSSDYYIKTVAAEEAQEKVPPNSSLTKTLTLVPLLANNRERRGIALDGKIKHEDTNLASSTIIKEGIDKTVMGILVSYQIKVKLTVSGLLGELTSSEVATEVPFRLMHPQPEDPDTAKESFQDENFVFEEFARQNLKDAGEYKEEKTDQEAAMDE
InterPro domains: - IPR011021: Arrestin-like, N-terminal (domain) [22-179]
- IPR011022: Arrestin C-terminal-like domain (domain) [199-360]
- IPR017864: Arrestin, conserved site (conserved_site) [65-83]
- IPR000698: Arrestin (family) [12-399]
- IPR014753: Arrestin, N-terminal (homologous_superfamily) [10-181]
- IPR014752: Arrestin-like, C-terminal (homologous_superfamily) [185-370]
- IPR014756: Immunoglobulin E-set (homologous_superfamily) [10-389]
Interaction partners: - Rhodopsin
- Rhodopsin kinase GRK7
- Retinol-binding protein 3
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0060090 (molecular adaptor activity), GO:0036094 (small molecule binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding), GO:0008289 (lipid binding), GO:0044877 (protein-containing complex binding), GO:0043167 (ion binding), GO:0043178 (alcohol binding), GO:0005102 (signaling receptor binding), GO:0005543 (phospholipid binding), GO:0043168 (anion binding), GO:0030276 (clathrin binding), GO:0035091 (phosphatidylinositol binding), GO:0005547 (phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate binding), GO:1901981 (phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0051179 (localization), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0048519 (negative regulation of biological process), GO:0023057 (negative regulation of signaling), GO:0050794 (regulation of cellular process), GO:0048583 (regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0051234 (establishment of localization), GO:0023051 (regulation of signaling), GO:0048523 (negative regulation of cellular process), GO:0048585 (negative regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0009968 (negative regulation of signal transduction), GO:0010648 (negative regulation of cell communication), GO:0010646 (regulation of cell communication), GO:0006810 (transport), GO:0009966 (regulation of signal transduction), GO:0045744 (negative regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:0022401 (negative adaptation of signaling pathway), GO:0008277 (regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:0023058 (adaptation of signaling pathway), GO:0016192 (vesicle-mediated transport), GO:0006897 (endocytosis), GO:0002029 (desensitization of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:0006898 (receptor-mediated endocytosis), GO:0002031 (G protein-coupled receptor internalization), GO:0072583 (clathrin-dependent endocytosis), GO:0031623 (receptor internalization)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0032991 (protein-containing complex), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0016020 (membrane), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0071944 (cell periphery), GO:0098796 (membrane protein complex), GO:0012505 (endomembrane system), GO:0098797 (plasma membrane protein complex), GO:0005905 (clathrin-coated pit), GO:0098590 (plasma membrane region), GO:0030117 (membrane coat), GO:0031410 (cytoplasmic vesicle), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0048475 (coated membrane), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0005886 (plasma membrane), GO:0030132 (clathrin coat of coated pit), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0030118 (clathrin coat), GO:0031982 (vesicle), GO:0097708 (intracellular vesicle)