Protein: Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (Excitatory amino-acid carrier 1) (Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 3) (Solute carrier family 1 member 1) (P51907)
Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Function: Sodium-dependent, high-affinity amino acid transporter that mediates the uptake of L-glutamate and also L-aspartate and D-aspartate. Can also transport L-cysteine. Functions as a symporter that transports one amino acid molecule together with two or three Na(+) ions and one proton, in parallel with the counter-transport of one K(+) ion. Mediates Cl(-) flux that is not coupled to amino acid transport; this avoids the accumulation of negative charges due to aspartate and Na(+) symport. Plays an important role in L-glutamate and L-aspartate reabsorption in renal tubuli (By similarity). Plays a redundant role in the rapid removal of released glutamate from the synaptic cleft, which is essential for terminating the postsynaptic action of glutamate (By similarity). Contributes to glutathione biosynthesis and protection against oxidative stress via its role in L-glutamate and L-cysteine transport (By similarity). Negatively regulated by ARL6IP5.
Subcellular location: Cell membrane {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11242046, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19720795, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9011753}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P43003}. Apical cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P43005}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P43003}. Synapse, synaptosome {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P51906}. Early endosome membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P51906}. Late endosome membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P51906}. Recycling endosome membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P51906}.
Sequence: MGKPTSSGCDWRRFLRNHWLLLSTVAAVVLGIVVGVLVRGHSELSNLDKFYFAFPGEILMRMLKLVILPLIISSMITGVAALDSNVSGKIGLRAVVYYFSTTVIAVILGIVLVVSIKPGVTQKVNEINRTGKTPEVSTVDAMLDLIRNMFPENLVQACFQQYKTKREEVKPASDPGGNQTEVSVTTAMTTMSENKTKEYKIVGLYSDGINVLGLIIFCLVFGLVIGKMGEKGQILVDFFNALSDATMKIVQIIMCYMPIGILFLIAGKIIEVEDWEIFRKLGLYMATVLSGLAIHSLVVLPLIYFIVVRKNPFRFALGMAQALLTALMISSSSATLPVTFRCAEEKNHVDKRITRFVLPVGATINMDGTALYEAVAAVFIAQLNGMDLSIGQIITISITATAASIGAAGVPQAGLVTMVIVLSAVGLPAEDVTLIIAVDWLLDRFRTMVNVLGDAFGTGIVEKLSKKELEQVDVSSEVNIVNPFALEPTILDNEDSDTKKSYVNGGFSVDKSDTISFTQTSQF
InterPro domains: - IPR050746: Dicarboxylate/Amino Acid:Cation Symporter (family) [8-474]
- IPR018107: Sodium:dicarboxylate symporter, conserved site (conserved_site) [55-382]
- IPR001991: Sodium:dicarboxylate symporter (family) [20-463]
- IPR036458: Sodium:dicarboxylate symporter superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [10-473]
Interaction partners: - Excitatory amino acid transporter 4
- PRA1 family protein 3
- Amino acid transporter heavy chain SLC3A1
- Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A
- Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B
- Disks large-associated protein 3
- Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005215 (transporter activity), GO:0022857 (transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0015075 (monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0022804 (active transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0005342 (organic acid transmembrane transporter activity), GO:1901702 (salt transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0042887 (amide transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0008514 (organic anion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0015318 (inorganic molecular entity transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0046943 (carboxylic acid transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0008324 (monoatomic cation transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0015081 (sodium ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0015291 (secondary active transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0022890 (inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0022853 (active monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0005313 (L-glutamate transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0005343 (organic acid:sodium symporter activity), GO:0046873 (metal ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0005283 (amino acid:sodium symporter activity), GO:0015293 (symporter activity), GO:0015294 (solute:monoatomic cation symporter activity), GO:0015370 (solute:sodium symporter activity), GO:0015171 (amino acid transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0015179 (L-amino acid transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0015172 (acidic amino acid transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0005416 (amino acid:monoatomic cation symporter activity)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0051179 (localization), GO:0023052 (signaling), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0048519 (negative regulation of biological process), GO:0009628 (response to abiotic stimulus), GO:0051641 (cellular localization), GO:0042221 (response to chemical), GO:0051234 (establishment of localization), GO:0033036 (macromolecule localization), GO:0009892 (negative regulation of metabolic process), GO:0065008 (regulation of biological quality), GO:0009719 (response to endogenous stimulus), GO:0051716 (cellular response to stimulus), GO:0006950 (response to stress), GO:0048523 (negative regulation of cellular process), GO:0007154 (cell communication), GO:0001666 (response to hypoxia), GO:0051172 (negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0043487 (regulation of RNA stability), GO:0060548 (negative regulation of cell death), GO:0035556 (intracellular signal transduction), GO:0070482 (response to oxygen levels), GO:0071495 (cellular response to endogenous stimulus), GO:0051649 (establishment of localization in cell), GO:1901700 (response to oxygen-containing compound), GO:0051668 (localization within membrane), GO:0031324 (negative regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0010033 (response to organic substance), GO:0009725 (response to hormone), GO:0045184 (establishment of protein localization), GO:0070997 (neuron death), GO:0010035 (response to inorganic substance), GO:0046907 (intracellular transport), GO:0010941 (regulation of cell death), GO:1901698 (response to nitrogen compound), GO:0070887 (cellular response to chemical stimulus), GO:0033554 (cellular response to stress), GO:0010605 (negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0006810 (transport), GO:0070727 (cellular macromolecule localization), GO:0031323 (regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0080090 (regulation of primary metabolic process), GO:1902074 (response to salt), GO:0010038 (response to metal ion), GO:0071417 (cellular response to organonitrogen compound), GO:0071705 (nitrogen compound transport), GO:1901654 (response to ketone), GO:0032355 (response to estradiol), GO:0043069 (negative regulation of programmed cell death), GO:0071310 (cellular response to organic substance), GO:0043067 (regulation of programmed cell death), GO:1902075 (cellular response to salt), GO:0048545 (response to steroid hormone), GO:1901699 (cellular response to nitrogen compound), GO:0071702 (organic substance transport), GO:0098810 (neurotransmitter reuptake), GO:0006811 (monoatomic ion transport), GO:0090150 (establishment of protein localization to membrane), GO:0031098 (stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade), GO:0032870 (cellular response to hormone stimulus), GO:0010243 (response to organonitrogen compound), GO:0071241 (cellular response to inorganic substance), GO:0036293 (response to decreased oxygen levels), GO:0051345 (positive regulation of hydrolase activity), GO:0008104 (protein localization), GO:0014070 (response to organic cyclic compound), GO:1901701 (cellular response to oxygen-containing compound), GO:0045934 (negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process), GO:0072657 (protein localization to membrane), GO:0006821 (chloride transport), GO:1901655 (cellular response to ketone), GO:0043279 (response to alkaloid), GO:0071548 (response to dexamethasone), GO:0006812 (monoatomic cation transport), GO:0014072 (response to isoquinoline alkaloid), GO:0015711 (organic anion transport), GO:0031960 (response to corticosteroid), GO:0043066 (negative regulation of apoptotic process), GO:0071407 (cellular response to organic cyclic compound), GO:0071248 (cellular response to metal ion), GO:0071312 (cellular response to alkaloid), GO:0071383 (cellular response to steroid hormone stimulus), GO:0046688 (response to copper ion), GO:0034614 (cellular response to reactive oxygen species), GO:0014074 (response to purine-containing compound), GO:0070301 (cellular response to hydrogen peroxide), GO:0051412 (response to corticosterone), GO:0030072 (peptide hormone secretion), GO:0010608 (post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression), GO:0051253 (negative regulation of RNA metabolic process), GO:0051384 (response to glucocorticoid), GO:0071384 (cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus), GO:0071549 (cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus), GO:0071385 (cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus), GO:0071385 (cellular response to glucocorticoid stimulus)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0032991 (protein-containing complex), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:1990904 (ribonucleoprotein complex), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0042995 (cell projection), GO:0016020 (membrane), GO:0044297 (cell body), GO:0098793 (presynapse), GO:0009986 (cell surface), GO:0048471 (perinuclear region of cytoplasm), GO:0071944 (cell periphery), GO:0030054 (cell junction), GO:0045177 (apical part of cell), GO:0044306 (neuron projection terminus), GO:0036477 (somatodendritic compartment), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0012505 (endomembrane system), GO:0098862 (cluster of actin-based cell projections), GO:0031090 (organelle membrane), GO:0008021 (synaptic vesicle), GO:0120025 (plasma membrane bounded cell projection), GO:0031410 (cytoplasmic vesicle), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0045202 (synapse), GO:0016324 (apical plasma membrane), GO:0030133 (transport vesicle), GO:0043025 (neuronal cell body), GO:0098590 (plasma membrane region), GO:0098857 (membrane microdomain), GO:0097447 (dendritic tree), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0005886 (plasma membrane), GO:0055037 (recycling endosome), GO:0045121 (membrane raft), GO:0030658 (transport vesicle membrane), GO:0099503 (secretory vesicle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0098588 (bounding membrane of organelle), GO:0012506 (vesicle membrane), GO:0030425 (dendrite), GO:0070382 (exocytic vesicle), GO:0043005 (neuron projection), GO:0005769 (early endosome), GO:0030672 (synaptic vesicle membrane), GO:0031982 (vesicle), GO:0030659 (cytoplasmic vesicle membrane), GO:0097708 (intracellular vesicle), GO:0099501 (exocytic vesicle membrane), GO:0030424 (axon)