Protein: mRNA export factor (Immediate-early protein IE63) (Infected cell protein 27) (ICP27) (VMW63) (P10238)
Organism: Human herpesvirus 1 (strain 17) (HHV-1) (Human herpes simplex virus 1)
Function: Multifunctional regulator of the expression of viral genes that contributes to the shutoff of host protein synthesis and mediates nuclear export of viral intronless mRNAs. Early in infection, this immediate early (EI) protein mediates the inhibition of cellular splicing. This results in the accumulation of unprocessed 3'end pre-mRNAs which can't be exported from the nucleus. Cellular protein synthesis is thereby shut off early after virus infection. Later in the infection, it helps recruit cellular RNA polymerase II to viral replication sites and promotes the nuclear export of viral intronless mRNAs by interacting with mRNAs and host NXF1/TAP. ICP27 binds to NUP62 which may provide facilitated viral mRNA export and may indirectly compete with some host cell transport receptors for binding and inhibit cellular nucleocytoplasmic transport pathways. Also stimulates translation of viral transcripts. Repression of host gene expression blocks the cell cycle at the G1 phase and prevents apoptosis. Seems to silence the 3' splice site of the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) intron 7a, thereby switching PML isoforms from PML-II to PML-V. This could be linked to the accelerated mRNA export induced by ICP27 which might not provide sufficient time for PML pre-mRNA to be spliced in the nucleus.
Subcellular location: Host cytoplasm {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9501050}. Host nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26062451, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9501050}. Note=Shuttles between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:9501050}.
Sequence: MATDIDMLIDLGLDLSDSDLDEDPPEPAESRRDDLESDSSGECSSSDEDMEDPHGEDGPEPILDAARPAVRPSRPEDPGVPSTQTPRPTERQGPNDPQPAPHSVWSRLGARRPSCSPEQHGGKVARLQPPPTKAQPARGGRRGRRRGRGRGGPGAADGLSDPRRRAPRTNRNPGGPRPGAGWTDGPGAPHGEAWRGSEQPDPPGGQRTRGVRQAPPPLMTLAIAPPPADPRAPAPERKAPAADTIDATTRLVLRSISERAAVDRISESFGRSAQVMHDPFGGQPFPAANSPWAPVLAGQGGPFDAETRRVSWETLVAHGPSLYRTFAGNPRAASTAKAMRDCVLRQENFIEALASADETLAWCKMCIHHNLPLRPQDPIIGTTAAVLDNLATRLRPFLQCYLKARGLCGLDELCSRRRLADIKDIASFVFVILARLANRVERGVAEIDYATLGVGVGEKMHFYLPGACMAGLIEILDTHRQECSSRVCELTASHIVAPPYVHGKYFYCNSLF
InterPro domains: - IPR008648: Herpesvirus ICP27-like (family) [306-508]
- IPR031752: Herpes viral adaptor, REF-binding domain (domain) [99-138]
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0097159 (organic cyclic compound binding), GO:1901363 (heterocyclic compound binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding), GO:0003676 (nucleic acid binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0008152 (metabolic process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0016032 (viral process), GO:0009058 (biosynthetic process), GO:0044237 (cellular metabolic process), GO:0019058 (viral life cycle), GO:0071704 (organic substance metabolic process), GO:0044238 (primary metabolic process), GO:0006807 (nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0019079 (viral genome replication), GO:0044249 (cellular biosynthetic process), GO:0006725 (cellular aromatic compound metabolic process), GO:0034641 (cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:1901360 (organic cyclic compound metabolic process), GO:1901576 (organic substance biosynthetic process), GO:0039693 (viral DNA genome replication), GO:0006139 (nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process), GO:0044260 (cellular macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0043170 (macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0046483 (heterocycle metabolic process), GO:0006259 (DNA metabolic process), GO:0009059 (macromolecule biosynthetic process), GO:0039686 (bidirectional double-stranded viral DNA replication), GO:1901362 (organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process), GO:0044271 (cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process), GO:0090304 (nucleic acid metabolic process), GO:0034654 (nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process), GO:0019438 (aromatic compound biosynthetic process), GO:0018130 (heterocycle biosynthetic process), GO:0071897 (DNA biosynthetic process)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0018995 (host cellular component), GO:0043657 (host cell), GO:0033643 (host cell part), GO:0033646 (host intracellular part), GO:0043656 (host intracellular region), GO:0033647 (host intracellular organelle), GO:0033648 (host intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0042025 (host cell nucleus)