Protein: FAD-dependent monooxygenase mdpD (EC 1.-.-.-) (Monodictyphenone synthesis protein D) (Q5BH33)
Organism: Emericella nidulans (strain FGSC A4 / ATCC 38163 / CBS 112.46 / NRRL 194 / M139) (Aspergillus nidulans)
Function: FAD-dependent monooxygenase; part of the gene cluster that mediates the biosynthesis of monodictyphenone, a prenyl xanthone derivative. The pathway begins with the synthesis of atrochrysone thioester by the polyketide synthase (PKS) mdpG. The atrochrysone carboxyl ACP thioesterase mdpF then breaks the thioester bond and releases the atrochrysone carboxylic acid from mdpG. The atrochrysone carboxylic acid is then converted to atrochrysone which is further transformed into emodin anthrone. The next step is performed by the anthrone oxygenase mdpH that catalyzes the oxidation of emodinanthrone to emodin (By similarity). Emodin is further modified to yield monodictyphenone via several steps involving mdpB, mdpC mdpJ, mdpK and mdpL. These enzymes with xptA, xptB and xptC are also proposed to be involved in the synthesis of shamixanthone from emodin. Especially, direct reduction of emodin by the short chain dehydrogenase mdpC followed by dehydration catalyzed by the scytalone dehydratase-like protein mdpB gives loss of oxygen and formation of chrysophanol intermediate in two simple steps.
Sequence: MTHFPVNIASDKQEFDPERWAKTPTTESSVNGENGTAPTSGLPSRHPSTGISVLIVGAGMGGLMTALECWRKGHDVAGILERSEGPVYSGDIIVMQPSAVSIIRHWPDMLHDMKAEQVHAVVSYETHDGRHIYGPTVPSFNDPEHLETRKGPFVAPAQVRRKFYRMLLRQVARCGLRVEYGKTVKSYFEDEKDGKGGVIIATTGEAEVRVADIVVAADGLKSPSEILIAGQHVPPRSSGLSIYRTAFPKDLAMQNELVRKRWSDSPPIWEYWLGPGMYLGVFVGDDIISFGFTPRDDIVEGTATESWEPDTDPETVAQAMLSGAGDWDPAVLALIRSAPKGAIVHWPLLWRDLRREWTSPAGRVVQVGDSAHSFIPTSGNGGSQALEDAITLATCLQLAGSSQRAYLGTKIYNLLRYERVSCAQKMSFVNSQLKTGTDWDAIWKDPAKIRTRFPKWIFQHDPEAYAYEKFGEAFAHLLDGREFVNTNYPPGHEFRAWTVEEVWRNIADGKRVEDLLDGDWS
InterPro domains: - IPR050493: FAD-dependent Monooxygenases in Biosynthesis and Metabolism (family) [43-469]
- IPR036188: FAD/NAD(P)-binding domain superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [52-452]
- IPR002938: FAD-binding domain (domain) [52-224]
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0003824 (catalytic activity), GO:0016491 (oxidoreductase activity), GO:0016705 (oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen), GO:0004497 (monooxygenase activity), GO:0016709 (oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NAD(P)H as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0008152 (metabolic process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0009058 (biosynthetic process), GO:0044237 (cellular metabolic process), GO:0019748 (secondary metabolic process), GO:0071704 (organic substance metabolic process), GO:0044550 (secondary metabolite biosynthetic process), GO:0044249 (cellular biosynthetic process), GO:0009404 (toxin metabolic process), GO:0006725 (cellular aromatic compound metabolic process), GO:1901360 (organic cyclic compound metabolic process), GO:1901576 (organic substance biosynthetic process), GO:0046483 (heterocycle metabolic process), GO:1901376 (organic heteropentacyclic compound metabolic process), GO:1901362 (organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process), GO:0009403 (toxin biosynthetic process), GO:0045460 (sterigmatocystin metabolic process), GO:0019438 (aromatic compound biosynthetic process), GO:0018130 (heterocycle biosynthetic process), GO:0045461 (sterigmatocystin biosynthetic process), GO:1901378 (organic heteropentacyclic compound biosynthetic process)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0005739 (mitochondrion), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle)