Protein: Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial (GLS) (EC 3.5.1.2) (K-glutaminase) (L-glutamine amidohydrolase) [Cleaved into: Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 68 kDa chain; Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 65 kDa chain] (P13264)
Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Function: Catalyzes the first reaction in the primary pathway for the renal catabolism of glutamine. Plays a role in maintaining acid-base homeostasis. Regulates the levels of the neurotransmitter glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain.
Subcellular location: [Isoform 1]: Mitochondrion {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1991024}. Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1991024}. Note=The 74-kDa cytosolic precursor is translocated into the mitochondria and processed via a 72-kDa intermediate to yield the mature 68 and 65-kDa subunits. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1991024}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 68 kDa chain]: Mitochondrion matrix {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1991024, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7836378}. Note=Produced by the proteolytic processing of the 74-kDa cytosolic precursor. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1991024, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7836378}.; SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial 65 kDa chain]: Mitochondrion matrix {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1991024, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7836378}. Note=Produced by the proteolytic processing of the 74-kDa cytosolic precursor. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1991024, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7836378}.
Sequence: MMRLRGSAMLRELLLRPPAAVGGVLRRTQPLGTLCRRPRGGSRPAAGLVAAARLHPWWGGGGRAKGPGSGGLSSSPSEILQELGKGGTPPQQQQQQQQQPGASPPAAPGPKDSPGETDAFGNSEGKEMVAAGDNKVKQGLLPSLEDLLFYTIAEGQEKIPVHKFITALKSTGLRTSDPRLKECMDMLRLTLQTTSDGVMLDKDLFKKCVQSNIVLLTQAFRRKFVIPDFMSFTSHIDELYESAKKQSGGKVADYIPQLAKFSPDLWGVSVCTVDGQRHSIGDTKVPFCLQSCVKPLKYAIAVNDLGTEYVHRYVGKEPSGLRFNKLFLNEDDKPHNPMVNAGAIVVTSLIKQGVNNAEKFDYVMQFLNKMAGNEYVGFSNATFQSERESGDRNFAIGYYLKEKKCFPEGTDMVGILDFYFQLCSIEVTCESASVMAATLANGGFCPITGERVLSPEAVRNTLSLMHSCGMYDFSGQFAFHVGLPAKSGVAGGILLVVPNVMGMMCWSPPLDKMGNSVKGIHFCHDLVSLCNFHNYDNLRHFAKKLDPRREGGDQRVKSVINLLFAAYTGDVSALRRFALSAMDMEQRDYDSRTALHVAAAEGHVEVVKFLLEACKVNPFPKDRWNNTPMDEALHFGHHDVFKILQEYQVQYTPQGDSDDGKENQTVHKNLDGLL
InterPro domains: - IPR036770: Ankyrin repeat-containing domain superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [558-650]
- IPR015868: Glutaminase (family) [98-651]
- IPR002110: Ankyrin repeat (repeat) [562-653]
- IPR041541: Glutaminase, EF-hand domain (domain) [145-227]
- IPR012338: Beta-lactamase/transpeptidase-like (homologous_superfamily) [222-551]
Interaction partners: - Glutamine synthetase
- Glutamate dehydrogenase 1, mitochondrial
- Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthase
- Glutamate decarboxylase 1
- Glutamate decarboxylase 2
- Amidophosphoribosyltransferase
- Glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 2
- Glutamine--fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase 1
- Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase, mitochondrial
- Multifunctional protein CAD
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0003824 (catalytic activity), GO:0016787 (hydrolase activity), GO:0005515 (protein binding), GO:0042802 (identical protein binding), GO:0016810 (hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds), GO:0016811 (hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in linear amides)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0008152 (metabolic process), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0023052 (signaling), GO:0032501 (multicellular organismal process), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0009058 (biosynthetic process), GO:0006807 (nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0071840 (cellular component organization or biogenesis), GO:0051239 (regulation of multicellular organismal process), GO:0071704 (organic substance metabolic process), GO:0009056 (catabolic process), GO:0003008 (system process), GO:0007267 (cell-cell signaling), GO:0044237 (cellular metabolic process), GO:0044281 (small molecule metabolic process), GO:0007154 (cell communication), GO:0044238 (primary metabolic process), GO:0007610 (behavior), GO:1901576 (organic substance biosynthetic process), GO:1901564 (organonitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0044085 (cellular component biogenesis), GO:0044282 (small molecule catabolic process), GO:0044248 (cellular catabolic process), GO:0044057 (regulation of system process), GO:0007631 (feeding behavior), GO:0044249 (cellular biosynthetic process), GO:0006520 (amino acid metabolic process), GO:0034641 (cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0099536 (synaptic signaling), GO:0044283 (small molecule biosynthetic process), GO:0006082 (organic acid metabolic process), GO:0016043 (cellular component organization), GO:0050877 (nervous system process), GO:0043603 (amide metabolic process), GO:1901575 (organic substance catabolic process), GO:0043576 (regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange), GO:1901565 (organonitrogen compound catabolic process), GO:0006536 (glutamate metabolic process), GO:0008652 (amino acid biosynthetic process), GO:0043436 (oxoacid metabolic process), GO:0043604 (amide biosynthetic process), GO:1901605 (alpha-amino acid metabolic process), GO:0022607 (cellular component assembly), GO:1901566 (organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process), GO:0016054 (organic acid catabolic process), GO:0016053 (organic acid biosynthetic process), GO:0009063 (amino acid catabolic process), GO:0099537 (trans-synaptic signaling), GO:0044271 (cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process), GO:0043933 (protein-containing complex organization), GO:0009065 (glutamine family amino acid catabolic process), GO:1901607 (alpha-amino acid biosynthetic process), GO:0065003 (protein-containing complex assembly), GO:0009064 (glutamine family amino acid metabolic process), GO:0046395 (carboxylic acid catabolic process), GO:0046394 (carboxylic acid biosynthetic process), GO:0019752 (carboxylic acid metabolic process), GO:0006537 (glutamate biosynthetic process), GO:0098916 (anterograde trans-synaptic signaling), GO:1901606 (alpha-amino acid catabolic process), GO:0007268 (chemical synaptic transmission), GO:0043648 (dicarboxylic acid metabolic process), GO:0043650 (dicarboxylic acid biosynthetic process), GO:0051259 (protein complex oligomerization), GO:0006541 (glutamine metabolic process), GO:0009084 (glutamine family amino acid biosynthetic process), GO:0051260 (protein homooligomerization), GO:0051262 (protein tetramerization), GO:0051289 (protein homotetramerization)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0031974 (membrane-enclosed lumen), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0005739 (mitochondrion), GO:0043233 (organelle lumen), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0005759 (mitochondrial matrix), GO:0070013 (intracellular organelle lumen), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle)