Protein: 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 2 ((2-5')oligo(A) synthase 2) (2-5A synthase 2) (EC 2.7.7.84) (Q5MYU0)
Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Function: Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response. Activated by detection of double stranded RNA (dsRNA): polymerizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNASEL) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNASEL leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNASEL-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNASEL. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation (By similarity). May act as a negative regulator of lactation, stopping lactation in virally infected mammary gland lobules, thereby preventing transmission of viruses to neonates (By similarity). Non-infected lobules would not be affected, allowing efficient pup feeding during infection (By similarity).
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P29728}. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P29728}.
Sequence: MGNWMPGWSSSGSLGVPPMPVQKLEKSVQVNLEPDEKCLSQTEVSSVPSQKLEEYIQANLKPDEESLKQIDQAVDAISDLLCSEVMIDVLKVVKGGSYGRKTVLRDCSDGTLVLFTGLFKQFQDQKKYQDKLLDLIEQRLKSHEKYKKSVKRKLSLLEVQVSIPGQSILLQLLPTFNPLCISENPSAQVYQNLKRSMDQVKASPGEFSDCFTTLQQRFFEKYPGRLKDLILLVKHWYKQLQDKWIIPSPPPLLYALELLTVYAWEQGCQTKDFDITQGIRTVLQLISQPTNLCVYWLDNYNFEDETVRNNLLHQLNSPRPVILDPTDPTNNVGKDDRFWQLLAEEAQEWLNSLRLNKPHKPCWDVLPMPFFITPSHCLDKFIKDFLQPDKVFLNQIKRAVDIICSFLKETCFQNSDIKVLKIIKGGSTAKGTALQQRSDADIIVFLSSLDSYDSLETERSQYVQEIRKQLEACQKAFNLGVKFDISKWMAPRVLSFTLESKSLKQSVEFDVLPAYDALGQLRSDYTSRLKAYKKLIELYASQDSLKGGEFSVCFTELQRDFIETRPTKLKGLIRLIKHWYKQCERKMKPKASLPPKYALELLTVYAWEHGSGTDGFDTAEGFRTVLDLVIRYRQLCVFWTVNYNFEEDHMRKFLLTQIQKKRPVILDPADPTGDVGGGDRWCWHLLAKEAKEWLSSSCFQVEPKSPVQPWKVPVVQTPGSCGAQIYPVVGGVY
InterPro domains: - IPR002934: Polymerase, nucleotidyl transferase domain (domain) [403-487]
- IPR043519: Nucleotidyltransferase superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [38-565]
- IPR043518: 2-5-oligoadenylate synthetase, N-terminal conserved site (conserved_site) [96-115]
- IPR018952: 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1, domain 2/C-terminal (domain) [184-713]
- IPR006116: 2-5OAS/ClassI-CCAase, nucleotidyltransferase domain (domain) [67-575]
- IPR006117: 2-5-oligoadenylate synthetase, C-terminal conserved site (conserved_site) [319-672]
Interaction partners: - Interferon regulatory factor 7.
- Interferon-induced, double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase
- Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2
- Interferon-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1
- Ubiquitin-like protein ISG15
- Interferon-induced GTP-binding protein Mx3
- S-adenosylmethionine-dependent nucleotide dehydratase RSAD2
- Interferon-induced protein 44
- RNA helicase
- Ribonuclease L
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0003824 (catalytic activity), GO:0016740 (transferase activity), GO:0016772 (transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups), GO:0016779 (nucleotidyltransferase activity), GO:0070566 (adenylyltransferase activity)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0044419 (biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms), GO:0009605 (response to external stimulus), GO:0009607 (response to biotic stimulus), GO:0051707 (response to other organism), GO:0009615 (response to virus), GO:0043207 (response to external biotic stimulus)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005829 (cytosol), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0048471 (perinuclear region of cytoplasm), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0005634 (nucleus)