Protein: Histone H3.X (Histone H3.Y2) (P0DPK5)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Primate-specific variant histone H3, which constitutes a core component of nucleosomes. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling (Probable).
Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20819935}. Chromosome {ECO:0000305|PubMed:20819935}.
Sequence: MARTKQTARKATAWQAPRKPLATKAARKRASPTGGIKKPHRYKPGTLALREIRKYQKSTQLLLRKLPFQRLVREIAQAISPDLRFQSAAIGALQEASEAYLVQLFEDTNLCAIHARRVTIMPRDMQLARRLRGEGAGEPTLLGNLAL
InterPro domains: - IPR009072: Histone-fold (homologous_superfamily) [2-136]
- IPR000164: Histone H3/CENP-A (family) [1-136]
- IPR007125: Histone H2A/H2B/H3 (domain) [8-132]
Interaction partners: - Cytokine-like nuclear factor N-PAC
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0044877 (protein-containing complex binding), GO:0003682 (chromatin binding), GO:0097159 (organic cyclic compound binding), GO:1901363 (heterocyclic compound binding), GO:0003676 (nucleic acid binding), GO:0031491 (nucleosome binding), GO:0031490 (chromatin DNA binding), GO:0003677 (DNA binding), GO:0031492 (nucleosomal DNA binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0048519 (negative regulation of biological process), GO:0051716 (cellular response to stimulus), GO:0071840 (cellular component organization or biogenesis), GO:0009892 (negative regulation of metabolic process), GO:0006950 (response to stress), GO:0019222 (regulation of metabolic process), GO:0060255 (regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0016043 (cellular component organization), GO:0033554 (cellular response to stress), GO:0010605 (negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0006325 (chromatin organization), GO:0006974 (cellular response to DNA damage stimulus), GO:0010629 (negative regulation of gene expression), GO:0010468 (regulation of gene expression), GO:0040029 (epigenetic regulation of gene expression), GO:0006338 (chromatin remodeling), GO:0045814 (negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic), GO:0031507 (heterochromatin formation), GO:0070828 (heterochromatin organization), GO:0033696 (heterochromatin boundary formation)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0032991 (protein-containing complex), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0032993 (protein-DNA complex), GO:0000785 (chromatin), GO:0098687 (chromosomal region), GO:0044815 (DNA packaging complex), GO:0005615 (extracellular space), GO:0031974 (membrane-enclosed lumen), GO:0005654 (nucleoplasm), GO:0005576 (extracellular region), GO:0000786 (nucleosome), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0043230 (extracellular organelle), GO:0043228 (non-membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0000781 (chromosome, telomeric region), GO:0043233 (organelle lumen), GO:0070062 (extracellular exosome), GO:0000775 (chromosome, centromeric region), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043232 (intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0065010 (extracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0031982 (vesicle), GO:0070013 (intracellular organelle lumen), GO:1903561 (extracellular vesicle), GO:0005634 (nucleus), GO:0031981 (nuclear lumen), GO:0005694 (chromosome)