Protein: DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 (DNA polymerase II subunit B1) (EC 2.7.7.6) (DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest subunit) (DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit 1) (P18616)
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress)
Function: DNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the transcription of DNA into RNA using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Largest and catalytic component of RNA polymerase II which synthesizes mRNA precursors and many functional non-coding RNAs. Forms the polymerase active center together with the second largest subunit. Pol II is the central component of the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. It is composed of mobile elements that move relative to each other. NRPB1 is part of the core element with the central large cleft, the clamp element that moves to open and close the cleft and the jaws that are thought to grab the incoming DNA template. At the start of transcription, a single-stranded DNA template strand of the promoter is positioned within the central active site cleft of Pol II. A bridging helix emanates from NRPB1 and crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote translocation of Pol II by acting as a ratchet that moves the RNA-DNA hybrid through the active site by switching from straight to bent conformations at each step of nucleotide addition. During transcription elongation, Pol II moves on the template as the transcript elongates. Elongation is influenced by the phosphorylation status of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of Pol II largest subunit (NRPB1), which serves as a platform for assembly of factors that regulate transcription initiation, elongation, termination and mRNA processing.
Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20410883}. Note=Peri-nucleolar. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20410883}.
Sequence: MDTRFPFSPAEVSKVRVVQFGILSPDEIRQMSVIHVEHSETTEKGKPKVGGLSDTRLGTIDRKVKCETCMANMAECPGHFGYLELAKPMYHVGFMKTVLSIMRCVCFNCSKILADEEEHKFKQAMKIKNPKNRLKKILDACKNKTKCDGGDDIDDVQSHSTDEPVKKSRGGCGAQQPKLTIEGMKMIAEYKIQRKKNDEPDQLPEPAERKQTLGADRVLSVLKRISDADCQLLGFNPKFARPDWMILEVLPIPPPPVRPSVMMDATSRSEDDLTHQLAMIIRHNENLKRQEKNGAPAHIISEFTQLLQFHIATYFDNELPGQPRATQKSGRPIKSICSRLKAKEGRIRGNLMGKRVDFSARTVITPDPTINIDELGVPWSIALNLTYPETVTPYNIERLKELVDYGPHPPPGKTGAKYIIRDDGQRLDLRYLKKSSDQHLELGYKVERHLQDGDFVLFNRQPSLHKMSIMGHRIRIMPYSTFRLNLSVTSPYNADFDGDEMNMHVPQSFETRAEVLELMMVPKCIVSPQANRPVMGIVQDTLLGCRKITKRDTFIEKDVFMNTLMWWEDFDGKVPAPAILKPRPLWTGKQVFNLIIPKQINLLRYSAWHADTETGFITPGDTQVRIERGELLAGTLCKKTLGTSNGSLVHVIWEEVGPDAARKFLGHTQWLVNYWLLQNGFTIGIGDTIADSSTMEKINETISNAKTAVKDLIRQFQGKELDPEPGRTMRDTFENRVNQVLNKARDDAGSSAQKSLAETNNLKAMVTAGSKGSFINISQMTACVGQQNVEGKRIPFGFDGRTLPHFTKDDYGPESRGFVENSYLRGLTPQEFFFHAMGGREGLIDTAVKTSETGYIQRRLVKAMEDIMVKYDGTVRNSLGDVIQFLYGEDGMDAVWIESQKLDSLKMKKSEFDRTFKYEIDDENWNPTYLSDEHLEDLKGIRELRDVFDAEYSKLETDRFQLGTEIATNGDSTWPLPVNIKRHIWNAQKTFKIDLRKISDMHPVEIVDAVDKLQERLLVVPGDDALSVEAQKNATLFFNILLRSTLASKRVLEEYKLSREAFEWVIGEIESRFLQSLVAPGEMIGCVAAQSIGEPATQMTLNTFHYAGVSAKNVTLGVPRLREIINVAKRIKTPSLSVYLTPEASKSKEGAKTVQCALEYTTLRSVTQATEVWYDPDPMSTIIEEDFEFVRSYYEMPDEDVSPDKISPWLLRIELNREMMVDKKLSMADIAEKINLEFDDDLTCIFNDDNAQKLILRIRIMNDEGPKGELQDESAEDDVFLKKIESNMLTEMALRGIPDINKVFIKQVRKSRFDEEGGFKTSEEWMLDTEGVNLLAVMCHEDVDPKRTTSNHLIEIIEVLGIEAVRRALLDELRVVISFDGSYVNYRHLAILCDTMTYRGHLMAITRHGINRNDTGPLMRCSFEETVDILLDAAAYAETDCLRGVTENIMLGQLAPIGTGDCELYLNDEMLKNAIELQLPSYMDGLEFGMTPARSPVSGTPYHEGMMSPNYLLSPNMRLSPMSDAQFSPYVGGMAFSPSSSPGYSPSSPGYSPTSPGYSPTSPGYSPTSPGYSPTSPTYSPSSPGYSPTSPAYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPAYSPTSPAYSPTSPAYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPTSPAYSPTSPGYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYGPTSPSYNPQSAKYSPSIAYSPSNARLSPASPYSPTSPNYSPTSPSYSPTSPSYSPSSPTYSPSSPYSSGASPDYSPSAGYSPTLPGYSPSSTGQYTPHEGDKKDKTGKKDASKDDKGNP
InterPro domains: - IPR000684: RNA polymerase II, heptapeptide repeat, eukaryotic (repeat) [1552-1780]
- IPR038593: RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 7 superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [1161-1296]
- IPR007073: RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 7 (domain) [1161-1295]
- IPR038120: RNA polymerase Rpb1, funnel domain superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [687-805]
- IPR006592: RNA polymerase, N-terminal (domain) [243-549]
- IPR007081: RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 5 (domain) [826-1416]
- IPR007075: RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 6 (domain) [892-1076]
- IPR007080: RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 1 (domain) [14-351]
- IPR045867: DNA-directed RNA polymerase, subunit beta-prime (family) [19-1464]
- IPR044893: RNA polymerase Rpb1, clamp domain superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [6-316]
- IPR000722: RNA polymerase, alpha subunit (domain) [353-521]
- IPR007083: RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 4 (domain) [719-819]
- IPR042102: RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [529-682]
- IPR007066: RNA polymerase Rpb1, domain 3 (domain) [524-688]
Interaction partners: - DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit 2
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit 4
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases II, IV and V subunit 11
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases II, IV and V subunit 3
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases II and IV subunit 5A
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases II, IV and V subunit 9B
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases II, IV and V subunit 10
- DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit 7
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases II, IV and V subunit 9A
- DNA-directed RNA polymerases II, IV and V subunit 8B
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0008152 (metabolic process), GO:0032502 (developmental process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0032501 (multicellular organismal process), GO:0048856 (anatomical structure development), GO:0007275 (multicellular organism development), GO:0009058 (biosynthetic process), GO:0009653 (anatomical structure morphogenesis), GO:0044237 (cellular metabolic process), GO:0006807 (nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0071704 (organic substance metabolic process), GO:0044238 (primary metabolic process), GO:1901360 (organic cyclic compound metabolic process), GO:1901576 (organic substance biosynthetic process), GO:0048598 (embryonic morphogenesis), GO:0006139 (nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process), GO:0046483 (heterocycle metabolic process), GO:0044249 (cellular biosynthetic process), GO:0009790 (embryo development), GO:0006725 (cellular aromatic compound metabolic process), GO:0034641 (cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0043170 (macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0009059 (macromolecule biosynthetic process), GO:1901362 (organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process), GO:0090304 (nucleic acid metabolic process), GO:0019438 (aromatic compound biosynthetic process), GO:0018130 (heterocycle biosynthetic process), GO:0007369 (gastrulation), GO:0044271 (cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process), GO:0010467 (gene expression), GO:0034654 (nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process), GO:0016070 (RNA metabolic process), GO:0032774 (RNA biosynthetic process), GO:0097659 (nucleic acid-templated transcription), GO:0016071 (mRNA metabolic process), GO:0006351 (DNA-templated transcription), GO:0006366 (transcription by RNA polymerase II), GO:0009299 (mRNA transcription), GO:0042789 (mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase II)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0005634 (nucleus)