Protein: Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI) (PAI-1) (Endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor) (Serpin E1) (P05121)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Serine protease inhibitor. Inhibits TMPRSS7. Is a primary inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (PLAT) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU). As PLAT inhibitor, it is required for fibrinolysis down-regulation and is responsible for the controlled degradation of blood clots. As PLAU inhibitor, it is involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and spreading. Acts as a regulator of cell migration, independently of its role as protease inhibitor. It is required for stimulation of keratinocyte migration during cutaneous injury repair. It is involved in cellular and replicative senescence. Plays a role in alveolar type 2 cells senescence in the lung (By similarity). Is involved in the regulation of cementogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells, and regulates odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation during odontogenesis.
Subcellular location: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:2430793}.
Sequence: MQMSPALTCLVLGLALVFGEGSAVHHPPSYVAHLASDFGVRVFQQVAQASKDRNVVFSPYGVASVLAMLQLTTGGETQQQIQAAMGFKIDDKGMAPALRHLYKELMGPWNKDEISTTDAIFVQRDLKLVQGFMPHFFRLFRSTVKQVDFSEVERARFIINDWVKTHTKGMISNLLGKGAVDQLTRLVLVNALYFNGQWKTPFPDSSTHRRLFHKSDGSTVSVPMMAQTNKFNYTEFTTPDGHYYDILELPYHGDTLSMFIAAPYEKEVPLSALTNILSAQLISHWKGNMTRLPRLLVLPKFSLETEVDLRKPLENLGMTDMFRQFQADFTSLSDQEPLHVAQALQKVKIEVNESGTVASSSTAVIVSARMAPEEIIMDRPFLFVVRHNPTGTVLFMGQVMEP
InterPro domains: - IPR042178: Serpin superfamily, domain 1 (homologous_superfamily) [42-368]
- IPR000215: Serpin family (family) [35-402]
- IPR023795: Serpin, conserved site (conserved_site) [375-385]
- IPR036186: Serpin superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [29-402]
- IPR042185: Serpin superfamily, domain 2 (homologous_superfamily) [194-402]
- IPR023796: Serpin domain (domain) [35-402]
Interaction partners: - Urokinase-type plasminogen activator
- Vitronectin
- Tissue-type plasminogen activator
- Urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor
- Plasminogen
- Prolow-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1
- Plasminogen activator inhibitor 2
- Type-1 angiotensin II receptor
- Vitamin K-dependent protein C
- C-C motif chemokine 2
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0098772 (molecular function regulator activity), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0030234 (enzyme regulator activity), GO:0005515 (protein binding), GO:0140678 (molecular function inhibitor activity), GO:0061134 (peptidase regulator activity), GO:0004857 (enzyme inhibitor activity), GO:0061135 (endopeptidase regulator activity), GO:0030414 (peptidase inhibitor activity), GO:0004866 (endopeptidase inhibitor activity), GO:0004867 (serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0048518 (positive regulation of biological process), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0032501 (multicellular organismal process), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0032502 (developmental process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0048519 (negative regulation of biological process), GO:0048856 (anatomical structure development), GO:0007275 (multicellular organism development), GO:0023057 (negative regulation of signaling), GO:0019222 (regulation of metabolic process), GO:0051240 (positive regulation of multicellular organismal process), GO:0071840 (cellular component organization or biogenesis), GO:0051239 (regulation of multicellular organismal process), GO:0009892 (negative regulation of metabolic process), GO:0050793 (regulation of developmental process), GO:0040017 (positive regulation of locomotion), GO:0050794 (regulation of cellular process), GO:0048583 (regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0023051 (regulation of signaling), GO:0065009 (regulation of molecular function), GO:0051094 (positive regulation of developmental process), GO:0048523 (negative regulation of cellular process), GO:0048585 (negative regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0040012 (regulation of locomotion), GO:0048522 (positive regulation of cellular process), GO:0045597 (positive regulation of cell differentiation), GO:0050790 (regulation of catalytic activity), GO:0009968 (negative regulation of signal transduction), GO:0051172 (negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0010648 (negative regulation of cell communication), GO:0032103 (positive regulation of response to external stimulus), GO:0044093 (positive regulation of molecular function), GO:0044085 (cellular component biogenesis), GO:2000145 (regulation of cell motility), GO:0080134 (regulation of response to stress), GO:0044092 (negative regulation of molecular function), GO:0048731 (system development), GO:0048513 (animal organ development), GO:0080135 (regulation of cellular response to stress), GO:0009966 (regulation of signal transduction), GO:0060255 (regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0032101 (regulation of response to external stimulus), GO:0001817 (regulation of cytokine production), GO:0031324 (negative regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:2000147 (positive regulation of cell motility), GO:0042127 (regulation of cell population proliferation), GO:0010646 (regulation of cell communication), GO:0010605 (negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0051171 (regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0045595 (regulation of cell differentiation), GO:0031323 (regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0016043 (cellular component organization), GO:0001819 (positive regulation of cytokine production), GO:0080090 (regulation of primary metabolic process), GO:0008284 (positive regulation of cell population proliferation), GO:0031347 (regulation of defense response), GO:0043086 (negative regulation of catalytic activity), GO:0051246 (regulation of protein metabolic process), GO:0051336 (regulation of hydrolase activity), GO:0051248 (negative regulation of protein metabolic process), GO:1901342 (regulation of vasculature development), GO:0070302 (regulation of stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade), GO:1902532 (negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction), GO:0030334 (regulation of cell migration), GO:0010468 (regulation of gene expression), GO:0022607 (cellular component assembly), GO:0030335 (positive regulation of cell migration), GO:0043933 (protein-containing complex organization), GO:0043085 (positive regulation of catalytic activity), GO:0010717 (regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition), GO:0010629 (negative regulation of gene expression), GO:1902531 (regulation of intracellular signal transduction), GO:0051346 (negative regulation of hydrolase activity), GO:0030162 (regulation of proteolysis), GO:0065003 (protein-containing complex assembly), GO:0052547 (regulation of peptidase activity), GO:0051897 (positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling), GO:1903318 (negative regulation of protein maturation), GO:0051896 (regulation of protein kinase B signaling), GO:0070303 (negative regulation of stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade), GO:0045861 (negative regulation of proteolysis), GO:1903317 (regulation of protein maturation), GO:0032872 (regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade), GO:0043409 (negative regulation of MAPK cascade), GO:0032873 (negative regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade), GO:0070613 (regulation of protein processing), GO:0052548 (regulation of endopeptidase activity), GO:0010466 (negative regulation of peptidase activity), GO:0010955 (negative regulation of protein processing), GO:0051259 (protein complex oligomerization), GO:0010755 (regulation of plasminogen activation), GO:0051260 (protein homooligomerization), GO:0010755 (regulation of plasminogen activation), GO:2000116 (regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity), GO:0010951 (negative regulation of endopeptidase activity), GO:0010755 (regulation of plasminogen activation), GO:2000117 (negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity), GO:0043281 (regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0016020 (membrane), GO:0030312 (external encapsulating structure), GO:0071944 (cell periphery), GO:0072562 (blood microparticle), GO:0005615 (extracellular space), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0031974 (membrane-enclosed lumen), GO:0012505 (endomembrane system), GO:0005576 (extracellular region), GO:0031090 (organelle membrane), GO:0030141 (secretory granule), GO:0031410 (cytoplasmic vesicle), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0031012 (extracellular matrix), GO:0043230 (extracellular organelle), GO:0005793 (endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment), GO:0005794 (Golgi apparatus), GO:0043233 (organelle lumen), GO:0005783 (endoplasmic reticulum), GO:0070062 (extracellular exosome), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0060205 (cytoplasmic vesicle lumen), GO:0005788 (endoplasmic reticulum lumen), GO:0101002 (ficolin-1-rich granule), GO:0031983 (vesicle lumen), GO:0099503 (secretory vesicle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0062023 (collagen-containing extracellular matrix), GO:0098588 (bounding membrane of organelle), GO:0034774 (secretory granule lumen), GO:0031091 (platelet alpha granule), GO:0065010 (extracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0033116 (endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane), GO:0030135 (coated vesicle), GO:0070013 (intracellular organelle lumen), GO:0031982 (vesicle), GO:1904813 (ficolin-1-rich granule lumen), GO:1903561 (extracellular vesicle), GO:0030134 (COPII-coated ER to Golgi transport vesicle), GO:0097708 (intracellular vesicle), GO:0031093 (platelet alpha granule lumen)