Protein: Calmodulin-2 (P0DP24)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Calmodulin acts as part of a calcium signal transduction pathway by mediating the control of a large number of enzymes, ion channels, aquaporins and other proteins through calcium-binding. Calcium-binding is required for the activation of calmodulin. Among the enzymes to be stimulated by the calmodulin-calcium complex are a number of protein kinases, such as myosin light-chain kinases and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II (CaMK2), and phosphatases. Together with CCP110 and centrin, is involved in a genetic pathway that regulates the centrosome cycle and progression through cytokinesis. Mediates calcium-dependent inactivation of CACNA1C. Positively regulates calcium-activated potassium channel activity of KCNN2.
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16760425}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle pole {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16760425}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14654843}. Note=Distributed throughout the cell during interphase, but during mitosis becomes dramatically localized to the spindle poles and the spindle microtubules.
Sequence: MADQLTEEQIAEFKEAFSLFDKDGDGTITTKELGTVMRSLGQNPTEAELQDMINEVDADGNGTIDFPEFLTMMARKMKDTDSEEEIREAFRVFDKDGNGYISAAELRHVMTNLGEKLTDEEVDEMIREADIDGDGQVNYEEFVQMMTAK
InterPro domains: - IPR011992: EF-hand domain pair (homologous_superfamily) [2-147]
- IPR050230: Calmodulin/Myosin light chain/Troponin C-like (family) [2-148]
- IPR002048: EF-hand domain (domain) [8-149]
- IPR018247: EF-Hand 1, calcium-binding site (binding_site) [21-142]
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0048518 (positive regulation of biological process), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0023052 (signaling), GO:0032501 (multicellular organismal process), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0032502 (developmental process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0048519 (negative regulation of biological process), GO:0048856 (anatomical structure development), GO:0042221 (response to chemical), GO:0051239 (regulation of multicellular organismal process), GO:0051050 (positive regulation of transport), GO:0009892 (negative regulation of metabolic process), GO:0065008 (regulation of biological quality), GO:0098900 (regulation of action potential), GO:0050794 (regulation of cellular process), GO:0051716 (cellular response to stimulus), GO:0048523 (negative regulation of cellular process), GO:0007165 (signal transduction), GO:0007275 (multicellular organism development), GO:0051051 (negative regulation of transport), GO:0019222 (regulation of metabolic process), GO:0032879 (regulation of localization), GO:0009893 (positive regulation of metabolic process), GO:0065009 (regulation of molecular function), GO:0051606 (detection of stimulus), GO:0007154 (cell communication), GO:0048522 (positive regulation of cellular process), GO:0051302 (regulation of cell division), GO:0009593 (detection of chemical stimulus), GO:0051282 (regulation of sequestering of calcium ion), GO:0048731 (system development), GO:0044057 (regulation of system process), GO:0048513 (animal organ development), GO:0060255 (regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0034764 (positive regulation of transmembrane transport), GO:0034763 (negative regulation of transmembrane transport), GO:0051726 (regulation of cell cycle), GO:0010035 (response to inorganic substance), GO:0002027 (regulation of heart rate), GO:0032410 (negative regulation of transporter activity), GO:0010605 (negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0007186 (G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:0043270 (positive regulation of monoatomic ion transport), GO:0042391 (regulation of membrane potential), GO:0051171 (regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0010564 (regulation of cell cycle process), GO:0030901 (midbrain development), GO:0098901 (regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential), GO:1902074 (response to salt), GO:0051173 (positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0050790 (regulation of catalytic activity), GO:0051172 (negative regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0044093 (positive regulation of molecular function), GO:0051049 (regulation of transport), GO:0035556 (intracellular signal transduction), GO:0010604 (positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0032409 (regulation of transporter activity), GO:0044092 (negative regulation of molecular function), GO:0034762 (regulation of transmembrane transport), GO:1901700 (response to oxygen-containing compound), GO:0048857 (neural nucleus development), GO:0031324 (negative regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0010033 (response to organic substance), GO:0060322 (head development), GO:0031325 (positive regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0010646 (regulation of cell communication), GO:0032411 (positive regulation of transporter activity), GO:0043271 (negative regulation of monoatomic ion transport), GO:0031323 (regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0080090 (regulation of primary metabolic process), GO:0010649 (regulation of cell communication by electrical coupling), GO:0051246 (regulation of protein metabolic process), GO:0032465 (regulation of cytokinesis), GO:0090257 (regulation of muscle system process), GO:1903522 (regulation of blood circulation), GO:0019932 (second-messenger-mediated signaling), GO:0007420 (brain development), GO:0032413 (negative regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0051592 (response to calcium ion), GO:0034766 (negative regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport), GO:0007399 (nervous system development), GO:0051928 (positive regulation of calcium ion transport), GO:0021762 (substantia nigra development), GO:0010563 (negative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process), GO:0007417 (central nervous system development), GO:0043085 (positive regulation of catalytic activity), GO:0010038 (response to metal ion), GO:0010562 (positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process), GO:0051336 (regulation of hydrolase activity), GO:0034765 (regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport), GO:0051248 (negative regulation of protein metabolic process), GO:0034767 (positive regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transport), GO:0032414 (positive regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0051247 (positive regulation of protein metabolic process), GO:0051926 (negative regulation of calcium ion transport), GO:0022898 (regulation of transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0051338 (regulation of transferase activity), GO:0043269 (regulation of monoatomic ion transport), GO:0051174 (regulation of phosphorus metabolic process), GO:0051279 (regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol), GO:0010880 (regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum), GO:1901020 (negative regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0031400 (negative regulation of protein modification process), GO:1904064 (positive regulation of cation transmembrane transport), GO:0045937 (positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process), GO:0010921 (regulation of phosphatase activity), GO:0032412 (regulation of monoatomic ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0010959 (regulation of metal ion transport), GO:0019722 (calcium-mediated signaling), GO:2001259 (positive regulation of cation channel activity), GO:0008016 (regulation of heart contraction), GO:1901021 (positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0043549 (regulation of kinase activity), GO:0051281 (positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol), GO:1903170 (negative regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport), GO:1904062 (regulation of monoatomic cation transmembrane transport), GO:0051345 (positive regulation of hydrolase activity), GO:0031401 (positive regulation of protein modification process), GO:0006937 (regulation of muscle contraction), GO:0051347 (positive regulation of transferase activity), GO:0031399 (regulation of protein modification process), GO:1904063 (negative regulation of cation transmembrane transport), GO:0019220 (regulation of phosphate metabolic process), GO:1904427 (positive regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport), GO:2001258 (negative regulation of cation channel activity), GO:0045936 (negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process), GO:0060314 (regulation of ryanodine-sensitive calcium-release channel activity), GO:0001932 (regulation of protein phosphorylation), GO:0042326 (negative regulation of phosphorylation), GO:0045859 (regulation of protein kinase activity), GO:0035303 (regulation of dephosphorylation), GO:0051924 (regulation of calcium ion transport), GO:0010882 (regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by calcium ion signaling), GO:0042327 (positive regulation of phosphorylation), GO:0035304 (regulation of protein dephosphorylation), GO:0035307 (positive regulation of protein dephosphorylation), GO:1901019 (regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transporter activity), GO:0001934 (positive regulation of protein phosphorylation), GO:0042325 (regulation of phosphorylation), GO:0010881 (regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion), GO:0055117 (regulation of cardiac muscle contraction), GO:0001933 (negative regulation of protein phosphorylation), GO:0043666 (regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity), GO:0033674 (positive regulation of kinase activity), GO:2001257 (regulation of cation channel activity), GO:0035306 (positive regulation of dephosphorylation), GO:0006942 (regulation of striated muscle contraction), GO:0010922 (positive regulation of phosphatase activity), GO:1901386 (negative regulation of voltage-gated calcium channel activity), GO:1903169 (regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport), GO:0071900 (regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity), GO:0031954 (positive regulation of protein autophosphorylation), GO:0010799 (regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation), GO:1901385 (regulation of voltage-gated calcium channel activity), GO:0010801 (negative regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation), GO:0031952 (regulation of protein autophosphorylation), GO:0045860 (positive regulation of protein kinase activity), GO:0010800 (positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation), GO:0032516 (positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity), GO:0071902 (positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0032991 (protein-containing complex), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005815 (microtubule organizing center), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0016020 (membrane), GO:0000922 (spindle pole), GO:0071944 (cell periphery), GO:0098796 (membrane protein complex), GO:1990351 (transporter complex), GO:0099080 (supramolecular complex), GO:1902494 (catalytic complex), GO:0030017 (sarcomere), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0043292 (contractile fiber), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0043228 (non-membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0005813 (centrosome), GO:1902495 (transmembrane transporter complex), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0005886 (plasma membrane), GO:0099081 (supramolecular polymer), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0034702 (ion channel complex), GO:0043232 (intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0099512 (supramolecular fiber), GO:0030016 (myofibril), GO:0031982 (vesicle), GO:0099513 (polymeric cytoskeletal fiber), GO:0005634 (nucleus), GO:0005856 (cytoskeleton), GO:0005819 (spindle), GO:0034703 (cation channel complex), GO:0034704 (calcium channel complex), GO:0005874 (microtubule), GO:0015630 (microtubule cytoskeleton), GO:0005876 (spindle microtubule)