Protein: Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 (G(i) alpha-3) (P08753)
Organism: Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Function: Heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) function as transducers downstream of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in numerous signaling cascades. The alpha chain contains the guanine nucleotide binding site and alternates between an active, GTP-bound state and an inactive, GDP-bound state. Signaling by an activated GPCR promotes GDP release and GTP binding. The alpha subunit has a low GTPase activity that converts bound GTP to GDP, thereby terminating the signal. Both GDP release and GTP hydrolysis are modulated by numerous regulatory proteins. Signaling is mediated via effector proteins, such as adenylate cyclase. Inhibits adenylate cyclase activity, leading to decreased intracellular cAMP levels. Stimulates the activity of receptor-regulated K(+) channels. The active GTP-bound form prevents the association of RGS14 with centrosomes and is required for the translocation of RGS14 from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane. May play a role in cell division.
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08754}. Cell membrane {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08754}; Lipid-anchor {ECO:0000305}. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08754}. Note=Localizes in the centrosomes of interphase and mitotic cells. Detected at the cleavage furrow and/or the midbody. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P08754}.
Sequence: MGCTLSAEDKAAVERSKMIDRNLREDGEKAAKEVKLLLLGAGESGKSTIVKQMKIIHEDGYSEDECKQYKVVVYSNTIQSIIAIIRAMGRLKIDFGEAARADDARQLFVLAGSAEEGVMTSELAGVIKRLWRDGGVQACFSRSREYQLNDSASYYLNDLDRISQTNYIPTQQDVLRTRVKTTGIVETHFTFKELYFKMFDVGGQRSERKKWIHCFEGVTAIIFCVALSDYDLVLAEDEEMNRMHESMKLFDSICNNKWFTDTSIILFLNKKDLFEEKIKRSPLTICYPEYTGSNTYEEAAAYIQCQFEDLNRRKDTKEVYTHFTCATDTKNVQFVFDAVTDVIIKNNLKECGLY
InterPro domains: - IPR011025: G protein alpha subunit, helical insertion (homologous_superfamily) [61-181]
- IPR001019: Guanine nucleotide binding protein (G-protein), alpha subunit (family) [7-354]
- IPR001408: G-protein alpha subunit, group I (family) [79-354]
- IPR027417: P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase (homologous_superfamily) [32-349]
Interaction partners: - Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G
- Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2
- D
- Regulator of G-protein signaling 9
- G-protein-signaling modulator 1
- Apelin receptor
- Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1
- Melatonin receptor type 1B
- Relaxin receptor 1
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0003824 (catalytic activity), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0036094 (small molecule binding), GO:0097159 (organic cyclic compound binding), GO:1901363 (heterocyclic compound binding), GO:0016787 (hydrolase activity), GO:0043167 (ion binding), GO:0097367 (carbohydrate derivative binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding), GO:0016817 (hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides), GO:1901265 (nucleoside phosphate binding), GO:0043168 (anion binding), GO:0043169 (cation binding), GO:0032794 (GTPase activating protein binding), GO:0005102 (signaling receptor binding), GO:0000166 (nucleotide binding), GO:0032553 (ribonucleotide binding), GO:0001664 (G protein-coupled receptor binding), GO:0017076 (purine nucleotide binding), GO:0035639 (purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding), GO:0019003 (GDP binding), GO:0032555 (purine ribonucleotide binding), GO:0016818 (hydrolase activity, acting on acid anhydrides, in phosphorus-containing anhydrides), GO:0046872 (metal ion binding), GO:0016462 (pyrophosphatase activity), GO:0005525 (GTP binding), GO:0019001 (guanyl nucleotide binding), GO:0000287 (magnesium ion binding), GO:0032561 (guanyl ribonucleotide binding), GO:0017111 (ribonucleoside triphosphate phosphatase activity), GO:0003924 (GTPase activity)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0023052 (signaling), GO:0048519 (negative regulation of biological process), GO:0023057 (negative regulation of signaling), GO:0042221 (response to chemical), GO:0050794 (regulation of cellular process), GO:0048583 (regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0051716 (cellular response to stimulus), GO:0023051 (regulation of signaling), GO:0048523 (negative regulation of cellular process), GO:0007154 (cell communication), GO:0007165 (signal transduction), GO:0010648 (negative regulation of cell communication), GO:0010646 (regulation of cell communication), GO:0070887 (cellular response to chemical stimulus), GO:0007186 (G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway), GO:0050805 (negative regulation of synaptic transmission), GO:0009966 (regulation of signal transduction), GO:1901700 (response to oxygen-containing compound), GO:0099177 (regulation of trans-synaptic signaling), GO:0010033 (response to organic substance), GO:0097305 (response to alcohol), GO:1901654 (response to ketone), GO:0071310 (cellular response to organic substance), GO:0033993 (response to lipid), GO:0050804 (modulation of chemical synaptic transmission), GO:0014070 (response to organic cyclic compound), GO:1901701 (cellular response to oxygen-containing compound), GO:1902531 (regulation of intracellular signal transduction), GO:1901655 (cellular response to ketone), GO:0097306 (cellular response to alcohol), GO:1904321 (response to forskolin), GO:0071407 (cellular response to organic cyclic compound), GO:0043949 (regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling), GO:0071396 (cellular response to lipid), GO:1904322 (cellular response to forskolin)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0032991 (protein-containing complex), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005815 (microtubule organizing center), GO:0098552 (side of membrane), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0016020 (membrane), GO:1902494 (catalytic complex), GO:0019898 (extrinsic component of membrane), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0071944 (cell periphery), GO:0098796 (membrane protein complex), GO:0098797 (plasma membrane protein complex), GO:0019897 (extrinsic component of plasma membrane), GO:0098857 (membrane microdomain), GO:1905360 (GTPase complex), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0098562 (cytoplasmic side of membrane), GO:0005886 (plasma membrane), GO:0043228 (non-membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0005813 (centrosome), GO:0009898 (cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane), GO:0045121 (membrane raft), GO:0005834 (heterotrimeric G-protein complex), GO:0031234 (extrinsic component of cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane), GO:0043232 (intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0005856 (cytoskeleton), GO:0015630 (microtubule cytoskeleton)