Protein: Replication protein A 32 kDa subunit (RP-A p32) (Replication factor A protein 2) (RF-A protein 2) (Replication protein A 34 kDa subunit) (RP-A p34) (P15927)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: As part of the heterotrimeric replication protein A complex (RPA/RP-A), binds and stabilizes single-stranded DNA intermediates, that form during DNA replication or upon DNA stress. It prevents their reannealing and in parallel, recruits and activates different proteins and complexes involved in DNA metabolism. Thereby, it plays an essential role both in DNA replication and the cellular response to DNA damage. In the cellular response to DNA damage, the RPA complex controls DNA repair and DNA damage checkpoint activation. Through recruitment of ATRIP activates the ATR kinase a master regulator of the DNA damage response. It is required for the recruitment of the DNA double-strand break repair factors RAD51 and RAD52 to chromatin in response to DNA damage. Also recruits to sites of DNA damage proteins like XPA and XPG that are involved in nucleotide excision repair and is required for this mechanism of DNA repair. Also plays a role in base excision repair (BER) probably through interaction with UNG. Also recruits SMARCAL1/HARP, which is involved in replication fork restart, to sites of DNA damage. May also play a role in telomere maintenance.
Subcellular location: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10982866, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12814551, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17596542, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20154705, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21504906}. Nucleus, PML body {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12814551}. Note=Redistributes to discrete nuclear foci upon DNA damage in an ATR-dependent manner. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12814551}.
Sequence: MWNSGFESYGSSSYGGAGGYTQSPGGFGSPAPSQAEKKSRARAQHIVPCTISQLLSATLVDEVFRIGNVEISQVTIVGIIRHAEKAPTNIVYKIDDMTAAPMDVRQWVDTDDTSSENTVVPPETYVKVAGHLRSFQNKKSLVAFKIMPLEDMNEFTTHILEVINAHMVLSKANSQPSAGRAPISNPGMSEAGNFGGNSFMPANGLTVAQNQVLNLIKACPRPEGLNFQDLKNQLKHMSVSSIKQAVDFLSNEGHIYSTVDDDHFKSTDAE
InterPro domains: - IPR014646: Replication factor A protein 2 (family) [8-268]
- IPR036390: Winged helix DNA-binding domain superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [203-269]
- IPR040260: Replication factor A protein-like (family) [41-264]
- IPR014892: Replication protein A, C-terminal (domain) [166-262]
- IPR036388: Winged helix-like DNA-binding domain superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [200-270]
- IPR012340: Nucleic acid-binding, OB-fold (homologous_superfamily) [43-174]
Interaction partners: - Replication protein A 14 kDa subunit
- RecQ-mediated genome instability protein 1
- SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin subfamily A-like protein 1
- DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog
- Replication protein A 70 kDa DNA-binding subunit
- Claspin
- DNA topoisomerase 3-alpha
- RecQ-like DNA helicase BLM
- Fanconi anemia group M protein
- Bifunctional 3'-5' exonuclease/ATP-dependent helicase WRN
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0097159 (organic cyclic compound binding), GO:1901363 (heterocyclic compound binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding), GO:0003676 (nucleic acid binding), GO:0003677 (DNA binding), GO:0003697 (single-stranded DNA binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0008152 (metabolic process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0051716 (cellular response to stimulus), GO:0065009 (regulation of molecular function), GO:0044237 (cellular metabolic process), GO:0006950 (response to stress), GO:0071704 (organic substance metabolic process), GO:0019222 (regulation of metabolic process), GO:0044238 (primary metabolic process), GO:0006807 (nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0050794 (regulation of cellular process), GO:0060255 (regulation of macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0031323 (regulation of cellular metabolic process), GO:0006725 (cellular aromatic compound metabolic process), GO:1901360 (organic cyclic compound metabolic process), GO:0034641 (cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0080090 (regulation of primary metabolic process), GO:0006139 (nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process), GO:0044260 (cellular macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0043170 (macromolecule metabolic process), GO:0046483 (heterocycle metabolic process), GO:0033554 (cellular response to stress), GO:0051171 (regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0006259 (DNA metabolic process), GO:0019219 (regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process), GO:0090304 (nucleic acid metabolic process), GO:0006974 (cellular response to DNA damage stimulus), GO:0051052 (regulation of DNA metabolic process), GO:0006281 (DNA repair), GO:0006275 (regulation of DNA replication), GO:0090329 (regulation of DNA-templated DNA replication)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0032991 (protein-containing complex), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0032993 (protein-DNA complex), GO:0005657 (replication fork), GO:0140513 (nuclear protein-containing complex), GO:0031974 (membrane-enclosed lumen), GO:0005654 (nucleoplasm), GO:0005662 (DNA replication factor A complex), GO:0030894 (replisome), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0043596 (nuclear replication fork), GO:0043228 (non-membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043233 (organelle lumen), GO:0043601 (nuclear replisome), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043232 (intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0070013 (intracellular organelle lumen), GO:0005634 (nucleus), GO:0031981 (nuclear lumen), GO:0005694 (chromosome), GO:0000228 (nuclear chromosome)