Protein: Betaine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase 1 (EC 2.1.1.5) (Q93088)
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Function: Involved in the regulation of homocysteine metabolism. Converts betaine and homocysteine to dimethylglycine and methionine, respectively. This reaction is also required for the irreversible oxidation of choline.
Subcellular location: Cytoplasm, cytosol {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O09171}. Nucleus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O09171}. Note=Predominantly localized in the cytoplasm with a small fraction detected in the nucleus. Translocates into the nucleus upon oxidative stress. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O09171}.
Sequence: MPPVGGKKAKKGILERLNAGEIVIGDGGFVFALEKRGYVKAGPWTPEAAVEHPEAVRQLHREFLRAGSNVMQTFTFYASEDKLENRGNYVLEKISGQEVNEAACDIARQVADEGDALVAGGVSQTPSYLSCKSETEVKKVFLQQLEVFMKKNVDFLIAEYFEHVEEAVWAVETLIASGKPVAATMCIGPEGDLHGVPPGECAVRLVKAGASIIGVNCHFDPTISLKTVKLMKEGLEAARLKAHLMSQPLAYHTPDCNKQGFIDLPEFPFGLEPRVATRWDIQKYAREAYNLGVRYIGGCCGFEPYHIRAIAEELAPERGFLPPASEKHGSWGSGLDMHTKPWVRARARKEYWENLRIASGRPYNPSMSKPDGWGVTKGTAELMQQKEATTEQQLKELFEKQKFKSQ
InterPro domains: - IPR017226: Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase, BHMT (family) [1-372]
- IPR036589: Homocysteine-binding domain superfamily (homologous_superfamily) [2-406]
- IPR003726: Homocysteine-binding domain (domain) [11-314]
- IPR051524: Betaine-homocysteine S-methyltransferase (family) [4-379]
Interaction partners: - Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, mitochondrial
- Cystathionine gamma-lyase
- Adenosylhomocysteinase
- S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-1
- Cystathionine beta-synthase-like protein
- S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-2
- Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase
- Adenosylhomocysteinase 3
- S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase-like protein 1
- S-methylmethionine--homocysteine S-methyltransferase BHMT2
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0003824 (catalytic activity), GO:0043167 (ion binding), GO:0016740 (transferase activity), GO:0043169 (cation binding), GO:0016741 (transferase activity, transferring one-carbon groups), GO:0046872 (metal ion binding), GO:0008168 (methyltransferase activity), GO:0046914 (transition metal ion binding), GO:0008172 (S-methyltransferase activity), GO:0008270 (zinc ion binding)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0008152 (metabolic process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0009058 (biosynthetic process), GO:0044237 (cellular metabolic process), GO:0071704 (organic substance metabolic process), GO:0044281 (small molecule metabolic process), GO:0044238 (primary metabolic process), GO:0006807 (nitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0044249 (cellular biosynthetic process), GO:0006520 (amino acid metabolic process), GO:1901576 (organic substance biosynthetic process), GO:1901564 (organonitrogen compound metabolic process), GO:0044283 (small molecule biosynthetic process), GO:0006790 (sulfur compound metabolic process), GO:0006082 (organic acid metabolic process), GO:1901566 (organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process), GO:0000096 (sulfur amino acid metabolic process), GO:0044272 (sulfur compound biosynthetic process), GO:0008652 (amino acid biosynthetic process), GO:0016053 (organic acid biosynthetic process), GO:0043436 (oxoacid metabolic process), GO:1901605 (alpha-amino acid metabolic process), GO:0019752 (carboxylic acid metabolic process), GO:0000097 (sulfur amino acid biosynthetic process), GO:0046394 (carboxylic acid biosynthetic process), GO:1901607 (alpha-amino acid biosynthetic process), GO:0009066 (aspartate family amino acid metabolic process), GO:0006555 (methionine metabolic process), GO:0009067 (aspartate family amino acid biosynthetic process), GO:0009086 (methionine biosynthetic process)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0005615 (extracellular space), GO:0005829 (cytosol), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0005576 (extracellular region), GO:0070062 (extracellular exosome), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043230 (extracellular organelle), GO:0065010 (extracellular membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0031982 (vesicle), GO:1903561 (extracellular vesicle)