Protein: Growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) (Macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1) (MIC-1) (G7PWZ3)
Organism: Macaca fascicularis (Crab-eating macaque) (Cynomolgus monkey)
Function: Regulates food intake, energy expenditure and body weight in response to metabolic and toxin-induced stresses. Binds to its receptor, GFRAL, and activates GFRAL-expressing neurons localized in the area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem. It then triggers the activation of neurons localized within the parabrachial nucleus and central amygdala, which constitutes part of the 'emergency circuit' that shapes feeding responses to stressful conditions. On hepatocytes, inhibits growth hormone signaling (By similarity).
Subcellular location: Secreted {ECO:0000269|PubMed:29046435}. Note=Secreted in the plasma. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:29046435}.
Sequence: MPGQELKTLNGSQMLLVLLVLLWPPHGGAVSLAEASRASFPGPSDLHSEDSRFRELRKRYEDLLTRLRANQSWEDSNTDLIQAPEVRILTPEVRLGSGGHLHLRISRAVLPEGLPEACRIHRALFRLSPTASRSRDVTRPLRRQLRLARPQAPALHLRLSPPPSQSDQLLVKSSSSRPQLALHLRPRASRGRRRARARNGDRCPLGPGRCCRLHTVHASLEDLGWADWVLSPREVQVTMCIGACPSQFREANMHAQIKMNLHRLKPDTVPAPCCVPASYNPMVLIQKTDTGVSLQTYDDLLAKDCHCV
InterPro domains: - IPR015615: Transforming growth factor-beta-related (family) [64-307]
- IPR001839: Transforming growth factor-beta, C-terminal (domain) [193-308]
- IPR029034: Cystine-knot cytokine (homologous_superfamily) [200-308]
Interaction partners: - TGF-beta receptor type-2
- GDNF family receptor alpha like.
- Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret
- Cyclin-J
- Macaca fascicularis brain cDNA clone: QflA-17230, similar to human twisted gastrulation homolog 1
- Adenosine receptor A1
- Neuromedin U receptor 1
- Zinc finger protein 300
- Heat shock protein beta-6
- NF-kappa-B-repressing factor
Gene Ontology annotations:
Molecular Function (MF): GO:0003674 (molecular function), GO:0005488 (binding), GO:0005515 (protein binding), GO:0042802 (identical protein binding), GO:0046983 (protein dimerization activity), GO:0042803 (protein homodimerization activity)
Biological Process (BP): GO:0008150 (biological process), GO:0065007 (biological regulation), GO:0048518 (positive regulation of biological process), GO:0050896 (response to stimulus), GO:0050789 (regulation of biological process), GO:0009987 (cellular process), GO:0023052 (signaling), GO:0032501 (multicellular organismal process), GO:0009605 (response to external stimulus), GO:0002021 (response to dietary excess), GO:0007267 (cell-cell signaling), GO:0023056 (positive regulation of signaling), GO:0048584 (positive regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0009719 (response to endogenous stimulus), GO:0050794 (regulation of cellular process), GO:0048583 (regulation of response to stimulus), GO:0051716 (cellular response to stimulus), GO:0023051 (regulation of signaling), GO:0007154 (cell communication), GO:0007165 (signal transduction), GO:0007610 (behavior), GO:0048522 (positive regulation of cellular process), GO:0009991 (response to extracellular stimulus), GO:0009967 (positive regulation of signal transduction), GO:0035556 (intracellular signal transduction), GO:0010646 (regulation of cell communication), GO:0009966 (regulation of signal transduction), GO:0070848 (response to growth factor), GO:0007631 (feeding behavior), GO:0071495 (cellular response to endogenous stimulus), GO:0007166 (cell surface receptor signaling pathway), GO:0010647 (positive regulation of cell communication), GO:0071559 (response to transforming growth factor beta), GO:0007167 (enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway), GO:0031667 (response to nutrient levels), GO:0042755 (eating behavior), GO:0060395 (SMAD protein signal transduction), GO:1902533 (positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction), GO:0071363 (cellular response to growth factor stimulus), GO:1902531 (regulation of intracellular signal transduction), GO:0071560 (cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus), GO:0043408 (regulation of MAPK cascade), GO:0007178 (transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway), GO:0051896 (regulation of protein kinase B signaling), GO:0007169 (transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway), GO:0043410 (positive regulation of MAPK cascade), GO:0051897 (positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling), GO:0007179 (transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway)
Cellular Component (CC): GO:0005575 (cellular component), GO:0110165 (cellular anatomical entity), GO:0005622 (intracellular anatomical structure), GO:0043226 (organelle), GO:0005737 (cytoplasm), GO:0012505 (endomembrane system), GO:0005576 (extracellular region), GO:0005615 (extracellular space), GO:0005794 (Golgi apparatus), GO:0043229 (intracellular organelle), GO:0043227 (membrane-bounded organelle), GO:0043231 (intracellular membrane-bounded organelle)