waashk/dblp huggingface dataset:
study of the usefulness of known and new implicit indicators and their optimal combination for accurate inference of users interests. explicit relevance feedback involves explicit ratings of documents or terms by users and disrupts their browsing and searching. the alternative non-disruptive method is implicit feedback inferring users' needs and interests by monitoring their regular interaction with the system. some implicit indicators of interest, such as reading time, have been investigated in previous studies and were found indicative to the relevance of documents but not sufficiently accurate [1,2,3,4]. in this paper we present and examine several new relative implicit feedback indicators, and study the effect of combining several implicit indicators. the paper describes a large-scale user study on which users' searches were observed by a specially developed browser that recorded their behavior (implicit indicators) as well as their explicit ratings. we analyzed the relationship between implicit indicators and explicit ratings and found that a certain combination of implicit indicators achieved higher correlation with the explicit ratings than any of the individual indicators. we have also found that the relative indicators are more indicative to the level of interest of a user item than the non-relative indicators.
constructing web search queries from the user's information need expressed in a natural language. this paper focuses on improving the quality of information retrieval on the web through the use of long queries. long queries allow use of natural language and provide for a more complete description of the user's information need. we propose and analyze several novel algorithms dealing with long query information retrieval on the web. these algorithms include selecting of search terms, constructing multiple query formulations, merging and ranking search results. we developed a meta-search engine, incorporating the proposed algorithms, and conducted a series of experiments to evaluate the performance of various algorithms. we also compared search results of the new engine with the results of popular search engines on the web. these experiments clearly demonstrate that using long queries in the web environment is practical and can substantially improve the quality of information retrieval.
ubicomp assistant: an omnipresent customizable service using marks (middleware adaptability for resource discovery, knowledge usability and self-healing). due to the pervasive nature of current short range, low-power wireless connectivity and easy availability of low-cost light weight mobile devices, it is necessary to have an omnipresent customizable service. it can be used by different types of users different fields such as education, healthcare, marketing, or business, at any time, and at any place. these devices can reach ubiquitously to neighboring devices using a free short range ad hoc network. unfortunately, to the best of our knowledge, no one has designed such a service. in this paper, we present the details of the ubicomp assistant (ua), which is designed to accomplish the above objectives. to evaluate the design, we have developed an application which uses ua as a service. it uses marks (middleware adaptability for resource discovery, knowledge usability and self-healing) as an underlying core service provider.
igrocer- a ubiquitous and pervasive smart grocery shopping system. emerging smart phones are poised to give a whole new dimension to the way we shop, bank, and go about many of our everyday activities. igrocer is a smart grocery shopping assistant, that re-defines grocery shopping. it is capable of maintaining nutrition profiles of its users. particularly useful for elders and disabled shoppers, igrocer can aid and advice users on what products to buy and what to avoid based on nutrition criteria and price constraints. implemented on a smart phone with a barcode scanner accessory, igrocer has a number of killer features that include: (1) ubiquitous shopping list: adding items to the shopping list by different means (e.g. simply scanning them when near empty, scanning and storing manufacturer coupons, planning the weekly menu right on the phone or through the web, and shopping for the necessary ingredient of a particular recipe, (2) quick and assisted in-store shopping: while shopping in the grocery store, igrocer maps out the shortest shopping path with a map indicating the location of the next item on the list, and (3)automated check-out: igrocer is capable of acting on behalf of the store and the customer to perform a trusted queue-less checkout. in this "application-oriented" paper, we present the igrocer concept and give details of its architecture and implementation. we also summarize the lessons learnt throughout its development and testing phases.
assessing the effect of failure severity, coincident failures and usage-profiles on the reliability of embedded control systems. the increasingly ubiquitous use of embedded systems to manage and control our technologically (ever-increasing) complex lives makes us more vulnerable than ever before. knowing how reliable such systems are is absolutely necessary especially for safety, mission and infrastructure critical applications. this paper presents a structured compositional modeling method for assessing reliability based on characteristic data and stochastic models. we illustrate this using a classic embedded control system (sensor-inputs | processing | actuator-outputs), anti-lock braking system (abs) and empirical data. special emphasis is laid on modeling extra-functional characteristics of severity of failures, coincident failures and usage-profiles with the goal of developing a modeling strategy that is realistic, generic and extensible. the validation approach compares the results from the two separate models. the results are comparable and indicate the effect of coincident failures, failure severity and usage-profiles is predictable.
an alternative routing algorithm for the pyramid structures. a pyramid structure of size n has a diameter of log n, which immediately leads to an optimal routing algorithm, using only parent-child links. however, shortest paths between nodes may be unavailable because of the existence of faulty nodes. on the other hand, there exist many other potential communication paths using links in the associated meshes.in this paper, we present an alternative routing algorithm making use of both mesh links and parent-child links, and study a set of bypassing paths associated with this algorithm.
an optimal broadcasting schema for multidimensional mesh structures. we present a local broadcasting schema for the multidimensional mesh structures, which will transmit a message to all the nodes within the minimal amount of time. we will also study the average amount of time it takes for such a schema to send a message to an arbitrary but fixed node in the structure.
a fuzzy model for reasoning about reputation in web services. reputation systems are typically based on ratings given by the users. when there are no mechanisms in place to detect collusion and deception, combining user testimonies as such to form a provider's reputation may not give an accurate assessment, especially if the context of the ratings is not known. moreover, such systems are vulnerable to manipulations by malicious users. hence it becomes essential to establish the validity of the ratings prior to using them in formulating reputation based on such ratings. it is important to identify the rationale behind the ratings so that similar ratings (or ratings pertaining to a context) can be aggregated to obtain a reputation value meaningful in that context. we propose a fuzzy approach to analyze user rating behavior to infer the rationale for ratings in a web services environment. this inference of rationale facilitates the system to validate ratings, detect deception and collusion, identify user preferences and provide recommendations to users.
alter: first step towards dependable grids. this paper presents alter, an adaptive failure detection service, which incorporates the technique of unreliable failure detection service and the idea of r-gma. alter is organized in a hierarchical structure and it can be adaptive to the system conditions and user requirements with changing the system parameters and system organizations. with mathematical evaluation, alter shows good scalability and flexibility, which is suitable for grid environments.
a role administration system in role-based authorization infrastructures - design and implementation. in this paper we describe a system whose purpose is to help establish a valid set of roles and role hierarchies with assigned users and associated permissions. we have designed and implemented the system, called ra system, which enables role administrators to build and configure various components of a role-based access control (rbac) model, thereby making it possible to lay a foundation for role-based authorization infrastructures. three methodological constituents for our purpose are introduced, together with the design and implementation issues. the system has a role-centric view for easily managing constrained roles as well as assigned users and permissions. an ldap-accessible directory service was used for a role database. we show that the system can be seamlessly integrated with an existing privilege-based authorization infrastructure. we finally discuss our plans for future development of the system.
cost effective transcoding for qos adaptive multimedia streaming. transcoding is a core technique that is used in providing quality-of-service (qos) adaptive multimedia streaming service. many studies have examined how best to perform transcoding and reduce computation overhead. however, the issue of when to transcode has not been adequately studied in previous research. this paper addresses this issue and presents a simple and intelligent approach that can be used to reduce both disk bandwidth and space requirements. our approach determines the optimum time to apply transcoding by considering the potential benefits that can be realized. for instance, in order to save disk bandwidth for frequently accessed content, it pre-creates and stores multiple qos versions. on the other hand, in order to save disk space for rarely accessed content, it stores only a single qos version and performs transcoding on the fly. the key is to find the optimal threshold between pre-created multiple qos versions and on-demand transcoding. we compute the optimal threshold by using a mathematical model. a simulation-based experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of our new approach highlights three advantages. first, our method effectively reduces both disk bandwidth and space requirements. second, our technique is more efficient for skewed access patterns. third, the threshold computed by our mathematical model results in improved performance regardless of environmental parameters.
efficient mediators through dynamic code generation: a method and an experiment. mediators are well-known software components in the construction of distributed systems and applications, with clear advantages when adding functionality to legacy code. however, mediators that must handle dynamic interfaces (i.e., those that may change at run-time such as callback functions) are not easy to build in most imperative languages such as c, due to the many variants implied by the dynamic interfaces. we call his kind of mediators intermediators. we propose a systematic implementation method based on the concept of closures to implement intermediators using the tempo run-time specializer for c programs. to illustrate this method, we implemented a unified user authentication intermediator for unix and windows 2000 called gina-im. gina-im gets the password entries from a unix nis server and performs user authentication based on the gina model (graphical identification and authentication) of windows 2000. the code of gina-im is a quarter of the code size of a conventional component written without our tools. gina-im is in production use at authors' university by two thousands of freshmen in class and several thousands of students daily.
supporting real-time visualization with the hdov tree. we propose the hierarchical degree-of-visibility (hdov) tree to support real-time visualization of large ves. each node in an hdov tree represents a spatial region in the scene, and contains a precomputed degree-of-visibility value. in run-time, the dov values can be used to update rapidly the dov of each node when the viewing region changes. each node is also associated with the lods of the object(s). we propose two techniques to traverse the hdov tree for real-time visualization. we also propose a method to compute the degree of visibility. we report experimental results of a prototype implementation that show the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
a model for the configurable composition and synchronization of complex trading activities. with the increasing number of market places and potential trading partners across the e-commerce environment, it will become natural for multiple trading activities to be deployed as part of single trading strategy. this paper describes a multi-process model for controlling interrelated trading activities. the model includes a powerful generic synchronization construct for building a variety of executable trading engines. the modular design of the construct enables the realization of complex trading schemes, including a number of well known strategies from the financial trading domain. a homogeneous interface is defined to allow seamless integration of control modules built using this construct with elementary trading tasks which directly interact with the trading partners using various negotiation protocols. the model also enables iterative negotiation capabilities, which are essential in any complex trading environment. in addition, the model is designed to be orthogonal to the reasoning model so that any reasoning mechanism can be plugged into it.
towards multisensor data fusion for dos detection. in our present work we introduce the use of data fusion in the field of dos anomaly detection. we present dempster-shafer's theory of evidence (d-s) as the mathematical foundation for the development of a novel dos detection engine. based on a data fusion paradigm, we combine multiple evidence generated from simple heuristics to feed our d-s inference engine and attempt to detect flooding attacks.our approach has as its main advantages the modeling power of theory of evidence in expressing beliefs in some hypotheses, the ability to add the notions of uncertainty and ignorance in the system and the quantitative measurement of the belief and plausibility in our detection results.we evaluate our detection engine prototype through a set of experiments, that were conducted with real network traffic and with the use of common ddos tools. we conclude that data fusion is a promising approach that could increase the dos detection rate and decrease the false alarm rate.
j2ee server scalability through ejb replication. with the development of internet-based business, web applications are becoming increasingly complex. the j2ee specification aims at enabling the design of such web application servers. these servers have to ensure scalability and availability of the supported applications. scalibility can be achieved using replication techniques or partitionning techniques. the aim of this paper is to compare these approaches. in a j2ee web application server, one important component is the ejb tier. in this context, the jonas web application server provides an example of ejb replication system called cmi (cluster method invocation). in a first step, this paper presents a performance evaluation of cmi. it then introduces incrementally an alternative scheme based on partitionning and shows the performance benefits compared to cmi.
object-oriented design for the specification of the blood clotting cascade: a class-structured view of bio-computing processes. we describe a very intricate case of interlocked bio-processes: the blood clotting cascade, by using a set of tools from object-oriented design (ood). originally, ood has been designed for the abstract specification of complex software prior to programming. ood brings a handful of concepts such as modularity, classes, methods and their inheritance hierarchies for concurrent process synchronization and cooperation. it appears that the set of ood methods can be a very fruitful tool for the abstract description of biological processes apparently quite far away from software engineering. we give a moderately detailed view of the blood clotting cascade using the standard tool of ood: unified modeling language (uml) and its extension: real-time uml.
object-oriented wound healing in the liver: a class-structured view of fibrogenesis and a glimpse of its evolution. we describe a very intricate case of highly correlated bio-processes: the liver fibrogenic cascade, by using a set of tools from object-oriented design (ood). ood methods were designed for the abstract specification of complex software prior to programming. it appears that ood methods can be a fruitful tool for the abstract description of biological processes apparently quite far away from software engineering. we give a detailed view of the fibrogenic cascade within the liver using the now standard tool of ood: unified modeling language (uml) and one extension: real-time uml.ood methods enforce the important role of concepts such as modularity, classes, methods and their inheritance hierarchies as well as primitives for concurrent process synchronization and cooperation. these concepts are surprisingly quite relevant for specifying bio-processes, and unexpectedly, they suggest an extension of the strict evolutionary explanation of the processes involved. as well as describing bio-structures and their interactions, we could consider evolutionary description of classes and processes. in particular, the ood inheritance concept seems to be significant as an extension to gradualism. it suggests that dna could encode, in universal-turing-machine like fashion, the hierarchies of classes of molecular structures and perhaps the process templates associated with methods.
diagnosis of lung nodule using gini coefficient and skeletonization in computerized tomography images. this paper uses the gini coefficient and a set of skeleton measures, with the purposes, with the purpose of characterizing lung nodules as malignant or benign in computerized tomography images.based on a sample of 31 nodules, 25 benign and 6 malignant, these methods are first analyzed individually and then jointly, with classfication and analysis techniques (linear stepwise discriminant analysis, leave-one-out and roc curve). we have concluded that the individual measures and their combinations produce good results in the diagnosis of lung nodules.
binarizing and filtering historical documents with back-to-front interference. this paper presents a new segmentation-based method for generating high-quality monochromatic images of historical documents. the proposed segmentation algorithm is based on the entropy of the histogram of the image. the algorithm eliminates back-to-front interference in documents written on both sides on translucent paper.
a framework for result handling in bioinformatics: an application to computer assisted drug design. bioinformatics is an area that demands the management of large amounts of data. one example is computer assisted drug design (cadd) where it is necessary to organize the results of a large number of protein-ligand interaction simulations. projects such as the united devices cancer research project, the smallpox grid project and fightaids@home use grid computing to gather results from a large number of computers. these projects, nonetheless, have particular solutions, developed by commercial companies, to distribute and rank the results. due to the need for handling large amounts of data in specific formats, this work presents a framework dedicated to handling biological data with a case study on cadd. to validate the implementation, an open source approach was employed using the xtremweb platform to distribute the tasks, and the software autodock 3.0 for simulating protein-ligand interactions. the xtremweb dispatcher was adapted to call the proposed result handling framework, which analyzes the results from the protein-ligand interaction outputs in order to extract and organize the relevant information.
an open source and web based framework for geographic and multidimensional processing. the development of business intelligence (bi) systems has been the destination of high investments made by several enterprises. the motivation is because an efficient decision support environment brings them several business world advantages, mainly if it provides integrated functionalities for the geographical and/or multidimensional processing. the intended goal is to provide users with a system capable of processing both geographic and multidimensional data in a seamless way, by abstracting the complexity of separately querying and analyzing these data in a decision making process. however, this integration may not be fully achieved yet or may be built using proprietary technologies. this paper presents an open source and web based framework for geographic and multidimensional decision support. our approach uses a geographical data warehouse, a metadata source, a query language and a geographical and multidimensional engine for processing queries sent by a web based client application.
exploring an open, distributed multimedia framework to design and develop an adaptive middleware for interactive digital television systems. interactive digital television systems should provide concepts of middleware for harmonizing and abstracting discrepancies related to hardware and operating systems issues. in such a context, this paper explores a framework for configuration and management of open, distributed multimedia systems with the purpose of designing and developing a component-based adaptive middleware for interactive digital television systems, which incorporates mechanisms for specification, configuration, management and reuse of resources and components.
x-arm: an asset representation model for component repository systems. nowadays, one of the most challenging tasks in component-based software development processes is to discover suitable reusable assets that fulfill the requirements of a particular software system under development. in such a context, this paper presents an xml-based asset representation model for describing all kinds of software assets that can be produced or reused within component-based software development processes. the proposed model is based on asset metadata that provides effective means for developing universal repository systems that can deal with discovery, retrieval and composition of software components.
distributed approximate mining of frequent patterns. this paper discusses a novel communication efficient distributed algorithm for approximate mining of frequent patterns from transactional databases. the proposed algorithm consists in the distributed exact computation of locally frequent itemsets and an effective method for inferring the local support of locally unfrequent itemsets. the combination of the two strategies gives a good approximation of the set of the globally frequent patterns and their supports. several tests on publicly available datasets were conducted, aimed at evaluating the similarity between the exact result set and the approximate ones returned by our distributed algorithm as well as the scalability of the proposed method.