waashk/acm huggingface dataset:
multiple micros for education  the advent of the microcomputer has caused a profound change in our thinking about the teaching of programming. up to now we have been assuming that a computer is necessarily expensive and must be shared by all students. with the appearance of time-sharing systems, many universities, including the george washington university, purchased large numbers of terminals for student use; but students were still using a single large or mid-size computer, albeit through several terminals. it is now possible, however, to purchase an entire computer for the price of a terminal. such a computer is necessarily limited in scope; but it can serve admirably for the teaching of programming at an elementary level, as well as handling certain more advanced tasks. about a year and a half ago, the computer committee of the department of electrical engineering and computer science, of which i was the chairman, made a decision to purchase sixteen microcomputer systems for student use, primarily for the teaching of basic, and secondarily for assembly language and pascal.  w. d. maurer
assembly programming on a virtual computer  this paper introduces the vpc assembler, a windows 95/98 assembly programming environment that targets the virtual pc, a simulator of a small computer system based on the intel 8086 architecture [1]. the assembler provides an editor, a debugger, and views of the assembly programÆs variables, the cpuÆs registers, and the virtual pcÆs output. the vpc assembler was designed as a learning tool for courses that introduce assembly programming or for courses, such as computer architecture or organization, that briefly cover the fundamentals of assembly.  pierre a. von kaenel
towards an error free plagarism detection process  for decades many computing departments have deployed systems for the detection of plagiarised student source code submissions. automated systems to detect free-text student plagiarism are just becoming available and the experience of computing educators is valuable for their successful deployment.  this paper describes a four-stage plagiarism detection process that attempts to ensure no suspicious similarity is missed and that no student is unfairly accused of plagiarism. required characteristics of an effective similarity detection engine are proposed and an investigation of a simple engine is described. an innovative prototype tool designed to decrease the workload of tutors investigating undue similarity is also presented.  thomas lancaster fintan culwin
using subprograms as the main primitive in teaching ada (abstract only)  the use of ada packages allows us to teach programming using a complete top- down approach. students begin by calling subprograms whose specifications are visible, but whose bodies are hidden. using this method, and a rigorous set of naming conventions, the student writes programs which are fully self- documenting. claims about the soundness of this teaching method are supported using (1) experiential evidence, and (2) formal arguments concerning the closure under syntactic and semantic necessity of certain selections of features in ada.  barry burd
project management expert system (abstract only)  effective management and technical support are required for the success of large-scale projects. pert packaged programs [1], [2], [3] provide scheduling capability. however, many tasks must still be performed by a human being, including activity plan generation, construction of activity networks, modification of a schedule produced by pert program, and project monitoring. to support these tasks, we believe that the application of artificial intelligence techniques to this area has great potential. accordingly, we are developing an experimental project management expert system named promx.  the main tasks that promx supports are activity plan generation, activity scheduling, and project monitoring. the ordinary flow of these tasks is shown in fig. 1.  activity plan generation is supported using a knowledge base consisting of the activities and the constituent relationships between them in a given project domain. a user first selects the template of the activity necessary to attain the project goal and assigns values to the attributes. the decomposition of an activity into its constituent parts is recursively performed by promx in cooperation with the user. the activity plan generation is followed by the activity scheduling. during the first phase of the activity scheduling, an activity network is constructed using the knowledge of precedence constraints between the activities. then, time and resources are assigned to each activity in the activity network. this activity scheduling is controlled by the heuristic search method to avoid combinatorial explosions. during project operation, the project is monitored to control its progress. the user supplies progress data to promx periodically. promx diagnoses whether the progress of the project is problematic (e.g., behind schedule). if some problems are found, promx makes a suggestion to deal with them (e.g., rescheduling). these project monitoring capabilities are realized using diagnostic and dealing heuristics.  promx is implemented in esp [4], which is a prolog-based object-oriented programming language. various kinds of knowledge in the project domain are represented using the object-oriented feature and the logic programming feature of esp. to model activities in the given project domain, the knowledge of activities is represented as objects. the knowledge of the constituent relationships between the activities and the precedence constraints between the activities is represented in the form of a prolog horn clause. the knowledge of diagnostic heuristics and dealing heuristics is also represented as a horn clause.  this work is part of the activities undertaken in the fifth generation computer systems (fgcs) project of japan.  hideki sato hitoshi matsumoto hiroki iciki
flexible delivery of information systems as a core mba subject  in terms of prior education, culture and life experience, a diverse student profile is evident in the intake into the master of business administration (mba) degree. students may be experiencing tertiary education for the first time (industry experience entry) or adapting to a different education process (international students).  in redeveloping the core mba subject, information systems, materials were constructed to support student- driven "just in time" learning. this argues for an information age pedagogical model in which learning can occur with efficiency, at the student's own pace, anytime and at a location of their choosing. the paper outlines the teaching and learning context, delivery infrastructure and activities developed in response to this model.  rod learmonth
a major in computer applications for small liberal arts colleges  a major in computer applications for small, liberal arts colleges is proposed in this article. the proposed program has characteristics to allow students to engage in a breadth of study, to integrate knowledge from a variety of fields, and to apply what is studied to their career lives. by emphasizing an inter- disciplinary approach to higher education, small, liberal arts colleges are able to interweave general education courses into the computer applications major without making large demands for additional staff. furthermore, students who earn their computer majors in such an interdisciplinary context can be expected to furnish employers with diversity and flexibility in problem solving -- just the sort of new blood many companies and entire industries are crying for.  j. wey when gordon r. jones
beneath the surface of organizational processes: a social representation framework for business process redesign  this paper raises the question, "what is an effective representation framework for organizational process design?" by combining our knowledge of existing process models with data from a field study, the paper develops criteria for an effective process representation. using these criteria and the case study, the paper integrates the process redesign and information system literatures to develop a representation framework that captures a process' social context. the paper argues that this social context framework, which represents people's motivations, social relationships, and social constraints, gives redesigners a richer sense of the process and allows process redesigners to simultaneously change social and logistic systems. the paper demonstrates the framework and some of its benefits and limitations.  gary katzenstein f. javier lerch
cyberethics biliography 2001: a select list of recent works included in the 2001 annual bibliography update is a select list of recent books and articles, each with a publisher's date of either 2000 or 2001. for an annotated list of selected books and articles published between 1998 and 2000, see the june 1999 and june 2000 issues of computers and society; and for a comprehensive list of books and articles published before 1997, see my computing, ethics, and social responsiblity: a bibliography (available at http://cyberethics.cbi.msstate.edu/biblio). herman t. tavani
productivity trends in certain office-intensive sectors of the u.s. federal government  it is often said that office productivity is virtually stagnant, increasing only about 4 percent every 10 years. the methodology used to estimate this 4 percent figure is examined and found to be inaccurate! there is no known way to estimate overall national office productivity trends. productivity trends in a single part of the economy, however, can be examined, namely, office- intensive sectors of the u.s. federal government. productivity in these sectors is found to be anything but stagnant, having increased 1.7 percent annually from 1967 to 1981 and 3.0 percent annually from 1977 through 1981.  raymond r. panko
putting the u.s. standardization system into perspective: new insights  the odds are very high that an american attending an international standardization meeting or consulting in a foreign country will be asked about the u.s. standardization system. how is it organized? who is responsible for developing standards? how many standards? who sees to their implementation? what is the government's role? why is there more than one standard for many commodities? foreign engineers who are used to dealing with their national standards institute can be very critical of the decentralized u.s. system. many are dissuades from applying u.s. standards because of real or anticipated problems in choosing, obtaining, and applying them. many americans raise similar questions. some think that all standards come from the government. while most u.s. standardization specialists are familiar with the standards in their fields, few have an overview of the u.s. standardization system.  bob toth
recommendations for master's level programs in computer science: a report of the acm curriculum committee on computer science  the acm committee on curriculum in computer science has spent two years investigating master's degree programs in computer science. this report contains the conclusions of that effort. recommendations are made concerning the form, entrance requirements, possible courses, staffing levels, intent, library resources, and computing resources required for an academic, professional, or specialized master's degree. these recommendations specify minimum requirements which should be met by any master's programs. the committee believes that the details of a particular master's program should be determined and continually updated by the faculty involved. a single or a small number of model programs are not as appropriate at the graduate level as at the bachelor's level.  kenneth i. magel richard h. austing alfs berztiss gerald l. engel john w. hamblen a. a.j. hoffmann robert mathis
teaching new technologies (panel discussion)  one of the more difficult tasks in this era of adopting curriculums, is to keep a program current with technology. there is a growing number of new hardware, software, and concepts that emerge each year. the speakers will share their experiences in bringing to the classroom the new technology that the students will face or should be facing as professionals in the marketplace. the discussions will focus on implementation of courses in computer graphics, decision support systems, and artificial intelligence. these courses have been taught at all levels (undergraduate, graduate, executive mba) in computer science and business environments.  the speakers will also hold a discussion on questions from the audience.  richard bialac ronald frank allan waren
facilitating the transition from high school programming to college computer science (abstract only)  this paper will report on the development and pilot testing of an entry level course in computer applications (cap 100) designed by an interdisciplinary team of faculty members at state university college of new york at cortland. procedures for development included the writing of a proposal by an interdisciplinary team of faculty members, a faculty forum attended by at least 60 faculty members, a year's developmental work by a computer studies committee, and a summer's intensive development by an interdisciplinary team of faculty. the course was designed to introduce students in all disciplines to both the mainframes and microcomputers on campus. it included introductions to typical applications software on the microcomputer, familiarization of students with various disk operating systems, and an entry level experience with a programming language.  henry m. walker
computing trends in small liberal arts colleges  this paper summarizes the information gathered by the author during visits to 40 small liberal arts colleges in the east and midwest during the winter of 1987. it focuses on the following questions: what is happening with computer science programs as colleges are coping with declining computer science enrollments? what trends are noticeable in staffing levels of computing faculty and of administrative and academic computing center support staff? how should colleges balance mainframe and micro computing and how many public access microcomputers are enough? should students be required or strongly urged to buy a microcomputer? should colleges provide faculty and administrators with microcomputers? what about networking? the paper provides tables and graphs to help small colleges answer these questions.  peter d. smith
computer literacy on a university campus.  at the state university of new york at albany desktop computers are being loaned to faculty members as part of an overall effort to advance "computer literacy" on campus. this paper describes this year-long experimental project: its goals, its implementation, and its support by computing center personnel.  this paper is written by the members of the computing center staff who bore primary responsibility for developing and supporting the project.  isabel lida nirenberg kathleen a. turek
an investigation of computer literacy as a function of attitude  a survey fo first and second year university students reveals the acceptance of a number of misconceptions about computers and computer applications, some on which indicate the presence of negative attitudes. a statistical analysis of the survey supports the proposition that previous computer experience is not always a corrective for unreasonable or even hostile attitudes. it is claimed that the achievement of computer literacy (in the sense of technical expertise) is possible for some populations only after attitudinal corrections, and that, in general, the strategy for achieving such corrections is dependent upon population characteristics.  j. d. wilson r. g. trenary
the role of the user services representative in an academic computing environment  many frustrations confront users in an academic computing environment. one of the strongest is felt when users try to communicate effectively with the computing center's staff. at the kansas university academic computer center, we have created the position of user services representative (usr) to ameliorate this problem. among other responsibilities, this person functions as an ombudsman, and provides users with an "open door" to the services and facilities of the computing center. although this person is not actually classified as a consultant, s/he coordinates this activity, and tries to match up special consulting needs with the most appropriate staff member. additionally, the user services representative handles telephone consulting and acts as a distribution center for questions and problems of great diversity. this helps facilitate greater intra-staff communication too, which can be a real problem with a staff of 50-75 people. in the 15 months since this position was initiated many improvements have been noticed in user assistance services, including shorter waiting lines for consulting and more effective dedicated consulting sessions. this paper will detail the activities of the user services representative and show how the position helps to improve communication channels in an academic computing environment.  john e. bucher
satisfaction, technology adoption, and performance in project teams rita vick's paper focuses on technology adoption and performance in teamwork contexts. one way to increase performance, she argues, is to increase information sharing. this commentary argues that adoption, performance, and information sharing may depend on satisfaction with current project work. the paper notes that there is evidence that satisfaction with project work is very high. if this is the case, then the adoption of teamwork technologies should continue to be slow. furthermore, high satisfaction can have a negative impact on group performance, because it may cause team members not to stress challenging information that could disrupt team harmony. we suggest that the experiments that vick proposes consider satisfaction and consider not only general information sharing but also classify information shared in terms of potential divisiveness. raymond r. panko susan t. kinney
"last-mile" bandwidth recap and committee survey activity for people interested in graphics and graphical user interfaces, the greatest shortcoming of the internet is bandwidth, particularly lines to consumer premises. although most computing professionals have access to high bandwidth connections, most consumers do not. consumer access to computing and the internet is probably the most significant development in computing since 1980. this market now drives computing, and hence computer graphics, so it behooves all of us to understand the "last-mile" issues, both technical and political.i have enlisted the assistance of siggraph public policy committee member myles losch to co-author this report with me, i'd also like to give advance notice of the forthcoming public policy bof, which will be held at the siggraph 99 conference in los angeles. this will feature myles, as well as perhaps an outside speaker and myself speaking on this topic. at time of writing, the bof has yet to be scheduled, but traditionally it has been held early afternoon on the thursday of the conference.following up on our announcement of the first on-line public policy survey in the last issue, committee members laurie reinhart and david nelson present the initial results. don't forget that sometime in april the second survey replaced the first one. the second survey looks at computer graphics developments that will be important in research and commercial areas and is our contribution to the forward-looking events at the siggraph 30th year celebration at siggraph 99. bob ellis myles losch david nelson laurie reinhart
improving word processing - data processing relationships  word processing and data processing have developed separately over the past two decades with different equipment, different types of personnel and services performed. the latest technological advances have produced systems which have an overlap of functions. as a result, the well - established data processing and word processing groups within many organizations are involved in "turf protection" and confused roles. heavy-handed management effort s to resolve the issues often create more problems than they solve. this panel seeks to open channels of communication between data processing and word processing management by identifying word processing tasks and services and their relevance to data processing services.  a. a. j. hoffman
a skeptical view of computer literacy  text of a presentation to be made at the computer science conference of the association for computing machinery (acm) and the acm special interest group on computer science education (sigcse) technical symposium, february 16, 1984, at philadelphia.  a lot of people seem to believe that "everybody" needs "computer literacy." the proponents seldom offer a definition of what computer literacy is, but what comes out of a hand-waving argument generally turns out to be a programming course, most often in basic. the reasons given for this sudden need for universal computer literacy are similarly vague. sometimes it's vocational: there will be lots of jobs working with computers, and every other field will be impacted by them, so "everybody" needs to know... well, something. other times the reason is that computers will be so pervasive that it is important the man in the street not be afraid of them. and sometimes the argument seems to be that "everybody" needs to know about computers because so many policy decisions (privacy, employment, transborder data flow, etc.) will involve computers.  daniel d. mccracken
the computer professional as an expert witness  along with increasing numbers of computers and increasing utilization of computers in industry, government, and education, more hardware and software contracts are being written. as a result, there is an increase in computer- related litigation and a need for computer professionals to serve as expert witnesses.  the purpose of this panel is to present issues of importance to the computer professional who is asked to serve as an expert witness. the panel will consist of computer professionals who have served as expert witnesses and attorneys (who may also be computer professionals).  a. a.j. hoffman
scalable multicast security with dynamic recipient groups  in this article we propose a new framework for multicast security based on distributed computation of security transforms by intermediate nodes. the involvement of intermediate nodes in the security process causes a new type of dependency between group membership and the topology of the multicast network. thanks to this dependency, the containment of security exposures in large multicast groups is ensured. the framework also ensures both the scalability for large dynamic groups and the security of individual members. two different key distribution protocols complying with the framework are introduced: an extension of the eigamal encryption scheme, and one based on a multiexponent version of rsa.  refik molva alain pannetrat