waashk/20ng huggingface dataset:
Hmmm...   A possibility for the software registration conondrum would be to have the distributor register the copy when the software was sold.  The clerk sticks it in the store PC and asks for the buyers ID. Later, if pirated versions showed up they could be tracked to the original purchaser. In addition copies which were sent to distributors/stores would have a vendor reg # or serial # in order to track in store piracy.  Possible additional program security schemes would be: 1. having monthly password changes which necessitate user call in    and registration. (inconvenient) 2. taking dire legal action on anyone caught (expensive) 3. encryption, crc check, self modifying code (limited effectiveness) 4. have an independent watchdog program in the installation/setup config or    memory manager, etc. which would check the main program's crc.     (only as effective as above methods at best.) 5. have the above watchdog circulating as a virus which would trash cracked     copies of the program and/or the offenders hard drive. (risky, and probably    illegal, certainly immoral)  my new ideas aren't terribly feasible to implement as presented, but I thought if I threw them out people could think of variations that might be effective. What is the problem with parallel port security keys? I haven't used anything that had hardware key copy protection schemes, so I don't know what the drawbacks are. I know the companies that make them claim they're uncrackable, but I've seen cracks of AutoDesk 3d-studio floating around (I don't have one so don't ask) and I had heard that it had parralel port keys.
In sci.electronics,rec.audio David S. Rowell writes:  >I assume these are appropriate newsgroups for this question.  I am looking >for a good book, articles, anything on audio DSP.  Theory is nice, but >I'm really looking for something very much on the applications side. >I want to look into it as my new hobby, so I need all the direction >I can get.  Any comments would be welcome, too.  I'm looking to build a DSP for guitar processing. Hence lots of background information would be really useful !  If anyone's got any info, could they email.....  Thanks in advance...  Chris ;-)    +====================================================================+   |Name : Mr Chris Smith       |     Twang on that 'ole guitar !       |   |Addrs: scst83@uk.ac.liv.csc |                                       |   |Uni  : Liverpool University |Quest: To build more and more hardware |   |Dgree: Computer Science     |                                       |   +====================================================================+   "What ever the sun may be, it is certainly not a ball of flaming gas!"   -- D.H. Lawrence.
In article <1r7e14$l2c@sunb.ocs.mq.edu.au> ifarqhar@laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au (Ian Farquhar) writes: >In article <1993Apr21.081317.599@das.harvard.edu> squish@endor.uucp (Shishin Yamada) writes: >>The Atari 2600 used a 6502 CPU, just like their entire 8-bit line >>(400, 800,1200,1400, 1440, 130xe, 65xe computers, as well as the 5200 >>game machine).  > >Wrong, it has a 6507.  Sorry Ian, I haven't toyed with it in several years. I haven't seen the insides in quite a few years. I just saw the post lagging for quite a few days, and thought I'd toss in my $0.02. I assume the 6507 was functionally similar to the 6502 (was it also made by MOS Technologies?). I really am more versed in the (6502 based) Atari computers. The 2600 came later on.  > >>The 2600 had some extra ASIC chips that were basically >>modified graphics chips and PIA's for the joysticks.  > >It had one custome chip (not an ASIC in the sense that word is now understood): >the TIA (sometimes known as the 6526, although most other manufacturers list >that as the CIA complex interface adapter.)  TIA stands for Television >Interface Adapter, and it handles sound, paddles and the minimal video hardware >the 2600 possessed.  In the Atari computers, the "CIA" chip you refer to sounds an awful lot like the CTIA (Color Television Interface Adapter) chip used in the early models. Later Atari upgraded this to the GTIA (Graphics ...). Other colorful literature stated that the GTIA might have stood for "George," the developer of the chip.  > >There was also a standard 6532 RAM, I/O, Timer (RIOT), plus a voltage >regulator and (if memory serves) a 555 timer.  That's all. > >>Later model 2600 >>might have incorporated many of the chips into one ASCI, as the weight >>of the machines and part count decreased a lot over the years. > >Not according to the servicing documentation I have here.  The 2600 did not >change intenally very much at all.  Funny, I had an old and new model. The old one was SIGNIFICANTLY heavier.  >>Additionally, I think the 2600 used 2K, 4K, and up to 8K of ROM for >>their games.  > >ROMS were mapped into the upper 4K of the 6507's address space.  2K and 4K >games were fine, but later 8K and 16K games needed bank switching.  Atari >(and others) made much of these "huge" cartridges. > >>I have no idea how much RAM it had to work with, but I >>would hazard a guess of 2 or 4K RAM.   Sorry, I am way out of line here. My first microcontroller I built was a MC68701 based chipset with 128 bytes onboard. That was not easy to work with (in addtion to a small 2K on-board EPROM).
Hey everyone, I'm new to this  newsgroup so please excuse me if this is a  dumb question....I want to build a crossover for my stereo and I need a coil with an inductance of 6.8mH (actually I need 4).  I was wondering if anyone knew where I could buy these or how to make these.  I've called many places and no one I can find sells them.  If you have the answers just E - mail me.... Thanks in advance.... Chris
Andy Shiekh (shiekh@ictp.trieste.it) wrote: :   I have seen the existance of electronics solder with a 2% silver : content that seems to have good wetting and fatique reatings. :   Can anyone tell me why it is not used? (silver is not such an expensive : metal). :  :  : Andy :   For the most part, silver-solder is not used for general soldering tasks due to the mechanism of dendritic growth. Silver-solder, when exposed to high humidity and placed in an electric field, will actually grow dendrites which are conductive and will adventually electrically short across closely spaced nodes which are creating the field. For this  reason, silver is allowed only in hermetically sealed assemblies. Fortunatly, tin-lead solder is quite stable and will not grow dendrites as fast as silver-solder. Therefore, it is used extensively.    Jerry Long
I am trying to build a circuit that detects the presence of video (Vs. a blank screen) by monitoring the R,G, and B outputs of a graphics card.  It should be able to detect the presence of a single pixel at 65 MHz, which would mean detecting a 15 NS pulse.  It should also be able to tell the difference between a blank screen (about 300 mv) and a dim screen (say, around 310 mv).  Oh yes, it also needs to be cheap.    My first circuit was a dismal failure.  I used 3 compariators; each compariator had the + input going to one of the guns, the - input went to a reference created by a voltage divider(a potentiometer).  The first problem was that the compariator was way too slow.. I needed to get several pixels in a row before it would fire the compariators, so I could have a whole screen full of text, but my circuit would not detect it.     The second problem is that there was more noise on the reference then the smallest difference between a blank screen and a dim screen.  In fact the difference between completely black and completely white is only 650 mv.  I am wondering if I am going to have to amplify the video signals to make this work.    There are faster compariators, but they are expensive, and require  split supplies.   I would need to replace my .49 quad compariator with three 1.89 compariators, and create a whole new power supply circuit.    At this point, I think what I need is some sort of transistor circuit.  Transistors are fast and cheap and should do the trick...  Unfortunately, I am way out of my league when It comes to designing transistor circuits, so I am appealing to the net for help.  Any ideas, tips, circuits, pointers, references, etc. would be greatly appreciated.    Oh yes, I only sample the output of this thing every second or so, so I don't need a fast response time at all, however, I haven't found a way to take advantage of that fact.  Thanks a lot for any help anybody might be able to give. Of course, you will have my undying gratitude.   Steve Verity
I am looking for a text/reference that will include pinouts,  description, and functionality for just about any IC made. Does such a text exist?  Are there docs on the Internet that reference IC's?  It would be a great idea if each major IC manufacturer made available to the public an anonymous FTP site with all it's data books in the form of text files. (ala RFC style).  This would save time and money for the IC manufacturer since a text file costs nothing to send around the world via internet and since most users of IC's are found in the internet anyway.    Are there any books available for purchase that reference (as many as possible)?  Or am I going to be stuck obtaining a zillion databooks from the manufacturers (those little phonebook-type books that are obsoleted every couple years)
For an upcoming project I want to use 4 Megs of DRAM configured as two 2 Meg banks of 16 bit data.  I was wondering if anyone out there knows of a DRAM controller which will handle refreshing the data.  It's ok if the controller doesn't handle bank switching - that part is easy.  The only controllers I know of are the ones out of the National Semiconductor DRAM Management Handbook (1988 edition) eg. DP8429.  I would like to know if another manufacturer produces one which may be easier to implement in my circuit.  BTW, if anyone is wanting to hook up DRAM to a microcontroller, Dallas Semiconductor makes a neat chip: the DS1262 Serial DRAM Nonvolatizer Chip.  It uses the SPI (I2C) bus and refreshes/controls up to 16Mx1 of DRAM memory.  It can use an external battery to refresh the DRAM when the power is off.  Price is $11.75 from Dallas (quan 1).  I wish I could use this chip but its maximum SPI clock rate is 1 MHz (too slow for me...).  Thanks in advance,  Wayne Schellekens <schellew@wu2.wl.aecl.ca>
caadams@atlas.cs.upei.ca (Kenny Adams) writes:  >hi, >	instead of using a +15vdc supply for the 4066 try using a +7 and -7 >volt supply.  i have some commercial audio equipment that uses this approach >for ground referenced audio.  they use the -7 volt supply as the logic >ground.  In this case would the switch control voltages be -7V to turn the switch off and >0V to turn the switch on?
In article <C5K177.BoK@world.std.com> rogerw@world.std.com (Roger A Williams) wrote:   >mdonahue@amiganet.chi.il.us (Mike Donahue) writes:  >  >  >>I do NOT know much about Adcom Mobil Audio products, but I DO know for a fact  >>that ADCOM does NOT make its own "High End" Home Audio Equptment and that 80%+  >>of it comes directly out of Tiawan...  >  >Like most high-volume manufacturers, Adcom has most of its PC boards  >assembled off-shore (in their case, mostly in the far east).  Final  >assembly _and testing_ are done in East Brunswick.  >
Newsgroup: sci.electronics From: martin.vuille@synapse.org Subject: PCMCIA  Does anyone know who to contact to obtain a copy of the PCMCIA standard?  Thanks MV
I'm looking for any and all information regarding packet radio implementation on the PC.  Software, hardware, whatever.  Please e-mail any info to koberg@spot.colorado.edu.
Kuo-Sheng (Kasey) Chang (kschang@sfsuvax1.sfsu.edu) wrote: > The program is definitely backupable, if restored to the same machine (depends > on the programmer...  don't use a disk drive characteristic!)  If the user  > did an upgrade to the machine, he/she should reinstall all programs any way. > No document look-up, no disk wear-and-tear!  	This is not a good idea.. I upgraded my motherboard last fall.  I would have been quite pissed at any software that would have forced me to reinstall simply because I changed motherboards.  	Any info in the BIOS is too volatile to use as a checksum.  Are you going to require that a user re-install all their software if they add 4Mb of RAM to their computer?  I did that a couple of weeks ago.  It's in the BIOS, and if software had told me "this isn't the machine you installed me on" I would never have used that software again.  Really bad idea.  > I did not say that the originals would allow only one install.  The user's  > conscience should do that.  	This is silly.  It's much easier to loan disks to a friend and let them do an install than to backup your copy already on disk, and then give them that.  Your scheme isn't going to stop anyone.  > You know how many bytes you need to change in X-wing to disable > the quiz?  TWO!  Yes, TWO!  (And don't ask me which ones they are.)  	Do you know any assembly language at all?  All anyone needs to do if find the part of the code that does the quiz, and insert a JMP instruction to just completely skip it.  Not that difficult, really!  And there is very little that commpanies can do to stop this type of thing.  Using PKLITE or some similar utility would help, but only if the resulting compressed .EXE were tagged as uncompressable.  > What I believe the companies should do is implement the above plus > a special patch once the user registers that loudly exclaims upon bootup > "REGISTERED TO XXXXX -- address, city, state zip" and disables the above.  	This is by far the best idea you presented in your post.  Making it plainly obvious who registered is going to stop casual pirates. But, the determined ones are just going to answer "Joe Blow" to the question of "what's your name" so this won't stop them in the long run.  	Pirates are always going to win this fight.  They simply have more time to work on the software and figure out the protection scheme.  -- Steve Madsen sjmadsen@nextsrv.cas.muohio.edu
Wayne Alan Martin <wm1h+@andrew.cmu.edu> writes: >Excerpts from netnews.sci.electronics: 16-Apr-93 Re: What do Nuclear >Site's .. by R_Tim_Coslet@cup.portal.  >> From: R_Tim_Coslet@cup.portal.com >> Subject: Re: What do Nuclear Site's Cooling Towers do? >> Date: Fri, 16 Apr 93 21:27:21 PDT >>   >> In article: <1qlg9o$d7q@sequoia.ccsd.uts.EDU.AU> >>         swalker@uts.EDU.AU (-s87271077-s.walker-man-50-) wrote: >> >I really don't know where to post this question so I figured that >> >this board would be most appropriate. >> >I was wondering about those massive concrete cylinders that >> >are ever present at nuclear poer sites. They look like cylinders >> >that have been pinched in the middle. Does anybody know what the >> >actual purpose of those things are?. I hear that they're called >> >'Cooling Towers' but what the heck do they cool? >Great Explaination, however you left off one detail, why do you always >see them at nuclear plants, but not always at fossil fuel plants.  At >nuclear plants it is prefered to run the water closed cycle, whereas >fossil fuel plants can in some cases get away with dumping the hot >water.  As I recall the water isn't as hot (thermodynamically) in many >fossil fuel plants, and of course there is less danger of radioactive >contamination.         Actually, fossil fuel plants run hotter than the usual  boiling-water reactor nuclear plants.  (There's a gripe in the industry that nuclear power uses 1900 vintage steam technology).  So it's more important in nuclear plants to get the cold end of the system as cold as possible.  Hence big cooling towers.           Oil and gas fired steam plants also have condensers, but they usually are sized to get the steam back into hot water, not most of the way down to ambient.  Some plants do cool the condensers with water, rather than air; as one Canadian official, asked about "thermal  pollution" de-icing a river, said, "Up here, we view heat as a resource".           Everybody runs closed-cycle boilers.  The water used is  purified of solids, which otherwise crud up the boiler plumbing when the water boils.  Purifying water for boiler use is a bigger job than  cooling it, so the boiler water is recycled.
kuusama@kaarne.cs.tut.fi (Kuusama Juha,,,VTT,) writes:  >Not that the question is anything important, but I am still curious: >Why is that almost all printed circuit boards are green? I have seen >a few blue ones, but no red, yellow, company logo etc. Is there a >technical reason or could it be that the marketing "geniuses" have >not tought about it (yet)?  The green layer is a solder-mask, and is used to make a finished board look neat, and to avoid solder bridges, especially when using wave soldering (or any other mechanized approach). I've seen red mask, but most that I've seen are green.  A bakelite board will look brown in colour, and, if the solder mask is put on, looks like a brown board with green 'paint' on either side (or just one side) of the board. A fibreglass board will look green from the side, because the green solder-mask makes the board appear that colour. If you got a fibreglass board with no mask, it would be a whitish-grey colour. Teflon boards do exist, as well... but I'm not sure about that one.
1)  Output offset:  Obtain the service manual for the oscilloscope and adjust the internal output offset contorl.  There is virtual certainty that there is an internal ajustment for the offset control's zero detent position.  2)  Verify that the function generator is properly loaded.  Many generators expect you to supply a 50 ohm load.  Go to a hamfest flea market and scrounge around for a pass-through 50 ohm terminator that has a male and female BNC (or whatever) connector on it.  The calibrator on my Tektronix scope is designed to put out .4v into a 1 meg load, but .1 volt into a 50 ohm load.  You may also find that loading the output of the function generator also reduces the harmonic distortion.  Build an attenuator.  You don't have to use (and I wouldn't want to use) the input impedance of the device under test as part of the voltage divider to drop the input test voltage.  Consider this:  ------10K--------+---------? ohm ----                  | Gen            50 ohm            D.U.T. (loaded)         | -----------------+-------------------  Think about the ratio of 50/10K and then think about the accuracy to which you can read voltages on your oscilloscope.  You can virtually discount the loading of the D.U.T.  Also you have the millivolt test generator you want.  Good luck,
In article <735446880snx@black.demon.co.uk> tchannon@black.demon.co.uk writes:  >There is one wild difference between the two printers: a laserprinter is a  >page printer whilst an inkjet is a line printer. This means that a  >laserprinter can rotate graphic images whilst an inkjet cannot. Few drivers  >actually use this facility. >(there is also the matter of downloadable fonts and so on) > >  TC.  >    E-mail: tchannon@black.demon.co.uk or tchannon@cix.compulink.co.uk >
In article <kazel.15.734728882@uiuc.edu> kazel@uiuc.edu (Mitch Kazel) writes: >Sorry if this isn't the correct news group . . . but . . . > >A colleague of mine is trying to find out when the first public use of  >electronic voice amplification was  . . . i.e. a P-A system. > >Any reference would be appreciated.  Please reply via e-mail.  >Mitch Kazel (N9HDQ) >INTERNET:  kazel@uiuc.edu  This is vague, so I am posting it in case anyone else knows more.  I recall reading of a phonograph which used mechanical amplification. Compressed air was squirted out of a valve which was controlled by the pickup.  The result was noisy and distinctly lo-fi, but much louder than a conventional phonograph.  It tended to wear the disks out pretty quickly though.  Paul.
In article <1993Apr22.103922.23177@husc3.harvard.edu> mlevin@husc8.harvard.edu (Michael Levin) writes: > >I just bought a little gizmo that is supposed to be installed "in >series with the tip or ring lines" of the phone wire. Which ones are >those? Suppose I am holding a regular phone wire, such that the little >plastic tooth (on the little plastic square thing with the naked lead >ends that you plug into the phone) is facing down, and away from me. >Which of the 4 wires that I see is the "tip" and which is the "ring"? >Please reply to mlevin@husc8.harvard.edu. > >Mike Levin > Mike, Ring is the RED wire. Tip is the GREEN wire of most standard phone lines. They two constitute the two wires most often used for voice telephone (the two live lines). They are the two innermost connectors of an RJ-11 phone jack.  Another way of telling is that if you measure voltage from RED to GREEN (ring to tip. tip/green being at ground potential of the voltmeter), it should read -48 volts in the on-hook no-ring position). I am 98% sure it's -48 V and not +48 volts. Doesn't hurt a phone too much if they're reversed, it's just bad if one happens to somehow get grounded to earth ground elsewhere).  Additionally, when off-hook, the voltage drops to about -4 to -9 Volts DC. I think it is supposed to correspond to a 36 to 40 mA current loop. And lastly, when ringing, the two wires develop an AC potential of about 80 V p-p at 20 to 30 Hz across them (where you get the electromechanical old fashioned bell ringer from).
moffatt@bnr.ca (John Thomson) writes: }Out of what hat did you pull this one?  dB is a ratio not an RBOC!         } [...] }Sorry.  The unit for current is the AMPERE which is the name of a french-man }named AMPERE who studied electrical current.  The term AMP is just an abbreviation }of it.  The company AMP came after the AMPERE unit was already in use. } [...] }I don't know about this one, but it doesn't sound right. } [...] }Well you got one thing right!  Hello? John? Oh, nevermind...  Jeff
> Hi.  I was doing research on subliminal suggestion for a psychology > paper, and I read that one researcher flashed hidden messages on the > TV screen at 1/200ths of a second.  Is that possible?  I thought the > maximum rate the TV was even capable of displaying images was 1/30th > of a second.  (or 1/60th of a second for an image composed of only odd > or even scan lines)  You are correct; the fastest "complete" image that could be presented on TV would be one field, which is 1/60 of a second (approximately).  Of course, the phrase "TV screen" is often thrown around in reference to any CRT display, so perhaps this researcher wasn't using normal TV rates.  Might even be a vector ("strokewriter") display, in which case the lower limit on image time is anyone's guess (and is probably phosphor-persistence limited).
Hi, folks out there !  I don't know whether I am in the right newsgroup, but I have a question.  If I am completely wrong here in this group, could you mail me the right name   of the correct newsgroup ?  A friend of mine is studying electronics at the Technical University in   Karlsruhe/Germany since one year.  He wants to know whether there are possibilities to study audio control   engineering in the U.S.A. .  Does anybody know how to get information about these studies in the U.S.A. ? Could you send me information like (e-mail)adresses of the universities,   "quality" of these studies, and so on ?  Is it possible to e-mail the universities directly to get information ?  Do the universities send information via e-mail ?  Please could you answer via e-mail, because I don't read this newsgroup   regularly.   Thanks in advance.  Stephan Jaeger