waashk/20ng huggingface dataset:
From article <1993May14.023220.1@vax1.tcd.ie>, by apryan@vax1.tcd.ie: >>          Primary payload: Spacehab 1 EURECA 1-R   Inclination: 57 degrees > I have seen elsewhere that inclination is 28 degrees.  > Which is correct?  Hmmm... Atlantis left Eureca in a 28 degree orbit. Retrieving it is going to be *REALLY* fun if they fly to 57 degrees. Torque that  Canadarm! :-)
Afraid I can't give any more info on this.. and hoping someone in greter NETLAND has some details.  A short story in the newspaper a few days ago made some sort of mention about how the Japanese, using what sounded like a gravity assist, had just managed to crash (or crash-land) a package on the moon.  the article was very vague and unclear.  and, to make matters worse, I didn't clip it.  does this jog anyone's memory?
In <1993Apr21.141824.23536@cbis.ece.drexel.edu> jpw@cbis.ece.drexel.edu (Joseph Wetstein) writes:  >Hello. I am looking for a program (or algorithm) that can be used >to compute sunrise and sunset times.  >I would appreciate any advice.  I once thought it would be easiest fitting a sine to the times. But not. This gave  discrepancy of upto six minutes. If you fit a sine series you'll get a very good fit after just three or four terms though. This presumably has to do with the eccentricity of the Earths orbit.
Hi,     I was reading through "The Spaceflight Handbook" and somewhere in there the author discusses solar sails and the forces acting on them when and if they try to gain an initial acceleration by passing close to the sun in a hyperbolic orbit. The magnitude of such accelerations he estimated to be on the order of 700g. He also says that this is may not be a big problem for manned craft because humans (and this was published in 1986) have already withstood accelerations of 45g. All this is very long-winded but here's my question finally - Are 45g accelerations in fact humanly tolerable? - with the aid of any mechanical devices of course. If these are possible, what is used to absorb the acceleration? Can this be extended to larger accelerations?
henry@zoo.toronto.edu (Henry Spencer) writes:  > Does anyone have a reference (something I can look up, not just your own > recollections -- I have a few of those myself) on the temperature of the > (night) sky as seen from space?       You'll find that in Allen, C.W., "Astrophysical Quantities", Athlone Press, Dover, NH, 3rd edition, pp. 268-269 (1973).  To the accuracy it can be calculated (see specific references in Allen about how it is calculated), the temperature is 3 degrees K.       Lots of people have remarked on this temperature.  The first may have been in Eddington's book, "Internal Constitution of Stars", Ch. 13 (1926; reprinted 1986), where he gives the "temperature of space" as 3 degrees.       The source of this temperature is the radiation of starlight.  > My dim recollection is that the net effective temperature is > substantially higher than that of the MBR, once you figure in things like > stars and the zodiacal light, but I'd like numbers.       To the accuracy of measurement, it's the same temperature.  Some of us think this may not be a coincidence.  -|Tom|-
Having read in the past about the fail-safe mechanisms on spacecraft, I had assumed that the Command Loss Timer had that sort of function.  However I always find disturbing the oxymoron of a "NO-OP" command that does something. If the command changes the behavior or status of the spacecraft it is not a "NO-OP" command.  Of course this terminology comes from a Jet Propulsion Laboratory which has nothing to do with jet propulsion.  --
Robert MacElwaine sez (again!);  >                     LARSONIAN Astronomy and Physics > etc.  OK, I got it.  Actually, these message of MacElwaine's are coded messages. Read only the caps, and it all comes clear!:  >               Are a few more types of anti-matter atoms worth the $8.3 >          BILLION cost?!!  Don't we have much more important uses for >          this WASTED money?!  >               Another thing to consider is that the primary proposed >         location in Texas has a serious and growing problem with some >         kind of "fire ants" eating the insulation off underground >         cables.  How much POISONING of the ground and ground water >         with insecticides will be required to keep the ants out of >         the "Supercollider"?! > >              Naming the "Super Collider" after Ronald Reagon, as >         proposed, is TOTALLY ABSURD!  If it is built, it should be >         named after a leading particle PHYSICIST.  Maybe it's a message telling us what actually happened to the legendary Larson.  Perhaps it's a warning that one should not expend too much effort trying to counter MacElwaine's postings.  Who can be sure? :-)  -Tommy Mac ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tom McWilliams 517-355-2178 wk   \ They communicated with the communists, 18084tm@ibm.cl.msu.edu 336-9591 hm \ and pacified the pacifists. -TimBuk3
Sorry, I've lost track of who asked the question originally  	(our news server at GSFC keeps things around for tremendously 	short periods of time), but wanted to be certain before I 	replied. Someone asked about displaying the compressed images 	from the Voyager imaging CD-ROMs on a Mac. As Peter Ford (MIT) 	pointed out, a decompression program is available via FTP. 	(Sorry, I don't remember the name of the node offhand,  	although it's .mit.edu.) In any case, though, one of the MAC 	display programs (CD ROM Browser by Dana Swift) does display 	the compressed images directly. The program is shareware and 	is distributed by NSSDC for nominal reproduction costs ($9 + 	shipping, if memory serves). This does *not* cover the 	shareware price which should go to Dana for his diligent work 	and upgrades, however.  	To request current pricing information, information about 	available display software, catalogs, or data from NSSDC, 	contact our user support office at:  		National Space Science Data Center 		Coordinated Request and User Support Office (CRUSO) 		Mail Code 633 		NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center 		Greenbelt, MD   20771 		Phone: (301) 286-6695 		Fax:   (301) 286-4952
prb@access.digex.com (Pat) writes:  >In article <1993Apr26.200406.1@vax1.mankato.msus.edu> belgarath@vax1.mankato.msus.edu writes: >|energetic for close by.  for the coronal model, we found around 10^43 erg/sec. >|And lastly, for the cosmological model an L=10^53. That's what you'd call >|moderately energetic, I'd say.  Any suggestions about what could put out that >|much energy in one second?  >>                                                -jeremy  >big Capacitor :-)   Real Big  capacitor.  It's been suggested.  (Specifically, lightning strikes between clouds in the interstellar medium.)
In article <1rmh4eINN95h@gap.caltech.edu>, kwp@wag.caltech.edu (Kevin W. Plaxco) writes: > In article <27APR199320210230@stdvax.gsfc.nasa.gov> abdkw@stdvax.gsfc.nasa.gov (David Ward) writes: >  > But I believe that there is a fundamental difference here.  The other x > three instruments are focusing instruments, that, more or less, form > an image, so positional errors are limited by craft attitude and the  > resolving power of the optics.  BATSE is an altogether different > beast, effectively just 8 coincidence counters, one on each corner of  > the craft.  Positional information is triangulated from the  > differential signal arrival times at each of the detectors.  This is not quite right.  The differential arrival time techinique requires interplanetary baselines to get good positions.  The differential arrival at the eight detectors differ by 10's of nanoseconds. This is smaller than BATSE's microsecond timing capabilities. BATSE, Ulysses, and Mars Obsverver are used for this technique.  Each BATSE detector does not have a full sky field of view. The sensitivity of each detector decreases with increasing  angle of incidence.  The burst position on the sky is determined by comparing the count rates in different detectors.
In article <C69C9K.9FA.1@cs.cmu.edu>, STK1203@VAX003.STOCKTON.EDU writes: -| I am taking a course entitled "Exploring Science Using Internet". -| For our final project, we are to find a compendium of Internet resources  -| dealing with a science-related topic. I chose Astronomy. Anyway, I was  -| wondering if anyone out there knew of any interesting resources on Internet -| that provide information on Astronomy, space, NASA, or anything like that. -|  -| THANKS! -|  -|   KEITH MALINOWSKI -|   STK1203@VAX003.Stockton.EDU -|   P.O. Box 2472 -|   Stockton State College -|   Pomona, New Jersey 08240  Try doing a keyword search under Gopher using Veronica or accessing a  World Wide Web server. Also finger yanoff@csd4.csd.uwm.edu for a list of Internet resources which includes 2-3 sites with Space-specific  information. I am sure Ron Baalke will have told you about what is available at JPL etc..  	best regards 		Ata <(|)>.
In article <1rls95$9aj@access.digex.net>, prb@access.digex.com (Pat) writes: > In article <C63nA8.4C1@news.cso.uiuc.edu> gfk39017@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu (George F. Krumins) writes: > |I say: > |What I'm objecting to here is a floating billboard that, presumably, > |would move around in the sky.  I, for one, am against legislating > |at all.  I just wish that people had a bit of common courtesy, and > |would consider how their greed for money impacts the more ethereal and >>aesthetic values that make us human.  This includes the need for wild >>and unspoiled things, including the night sky. >  >  > Sorry that's an aesthetics argument.  maybe this string shoudl mofe to > sci.space.aesthetics. >  > Planes  ruin the night sky.  Blimps ruin the night sky.  Radio towers > ruin the night sky.   >  > Like i said,  get a vote, and create some more national parks.  which > include onobstructed air space. >  >
People who criticize "big Government" and its projects rarely seem to have a consistent view of the role of Government in science and technology.  Basically, the U.S. Government has gotten into the role of supporting research which private industry finds too expensive or too long-term.    (Historically, this role for the U.S. Gov't was forced upon it because of socialism in other countries.  In order for U.S.  industries to compete with government-subsidized foreign competitors, the U.S. Gov't has taken on the role of subisizing big-ticket or long-lead R&D.)  As a Republican, I abhor the necessity for our Government to involve itself in technology this way.  I believe that market forces should drive technology, and the world would be a better place for it.  But the whole world would have to implement this concept simultaneously, or some countries would have subsidized R&D, while others would not.  So the U.S. must subsidize because everybody else does.  (This sounds a lot like the farm subsidies arguments behind our GATT negotiations, doesn't it?)  But this role of Government subsidies is antithetical to cost-effectiveness.  The general idea is to spend money on new technology, and thereby maintain and promote our technological culture, despite the forces in the business world (like the dreaded quarterly earnings report) which erode the ability of U.S. industry to invest in new technology.  And since our goal is to spend money, it makes little sense to try to save money.  Of course, we could always spend our money more wisely, but EVERYBODY disagrees about that the wisdom should be.    It's interesting to note that some of our best tools for cost control available in industry today were derived from Government projects. GANTT charts, CP/M, and most of the modern scheduling software comes from DoD projects and their contractors.  The construction industry has taken these tools to the core of their businesses; every large construction project now uses these tools.    -- Ken Jenks, NASA/JSC/GM2, Space Shuttle Program Office       kjenks@gothamcity.jsc.nasa.gov  (713) 483-4368
In article <1993Apr23.140649.1@rhea.arc.ab.ca> thacker@rhea.arc.ab.ca writes: >In article <C5t05K.DB6@research.canon.oz.au>, enzo@research.canon.oz.au (Enzo Liguori) writes: > >> What about light pollution in observations? (I read somewhere else that >> it might even be visible during the day, leave alone at night). > >No need to be depressed about this one.  Lights aren't on during the day >so there shouldn't be any daytime light pollution.    Thanks for these surreal moments....                                                Srinivas
Hi all,  I really thought that by now I would have seen something about this, but I haven't, so here goes:  Last night on the evening news, the anchorperson said something to the effect that one of the SSRBs that was recovered after the recent space shuttle launch was found to have a wrench of some sort rattling around apparently inside the case.  There was no elaboration as to where specfically the item was found, of what type of wrench it was, but the anchorperson did say something about a NASA official commenting that there would be an inquiry into how the thing got in the SSRB.  Has anybody else on the net whose info sources may be  better than mine heard anything about this?  It seems rather weird.
In article <1r46o9INN14j@mojo.eng.umd.edu> sysmgr@king.eng.umd.edu writes:  >So how much would it cost as a private venture, assuming you could talk the >U.S. government into leasing you a couple of pads in Florida?   Why would you want to do that? The goal is to do it cheaper (remember, this isn't government). Instead of leasing an expensive launch pad, just use a SSTO and launch from a much cheaper facility.    Allen
Dear gentlemen!  The firm called "INTERBUSINESS,LTD" offers quite inexpensive method to determine ore & oil locations all over the world. In this method used data got from space satellites. Being in your office and using theese data you can get a good statis- tical prognosis of locations mentioned above.          This prognosis could be done for any part of the world! If you're interested in details please send E-mail:          svn@aoibs.msk.su
In article <1pr5u2$t0b@agate.berkeley.edu> ghelf@violet.berkeley.edu (;;;;RD48) writes: > I had spacefood sticks just about every morning for breakfast in > first and second grade (69-70, 70-71).  They came in Chocolate, > strawberry, and peanut butter and were cylinders about 10cm long > and 1cm in diameter wrapped in yellow space foil (well, it seemed > like space foil at the time).    Wasn't there a "plain" flavor too?  They looked more like some kind of extruded industrial product than food -- perfectly smooth cylinders with perfectly smooth ends.  Kinda scary.  > The taste is hard to describe, although I remember it fondly.  It was > most certainly more "candy" than say a modern "Power Bar."  Sort of > a toffee injected with vitamins.  The chocolate Power Bar is a rough > approximation of the taste.  Strawberry sucked.  An other post described it as like a "microwaved Tootsie Roll" -- which captures the texture pretty well.  As for taste, they were like candy, only not very sweet -- does that make sense? I recall liking them for their texture, not taste. I guess I have well developed texture buds.  > Man, these were my "60's."  It was obligatory to eat a few while watching "Captain Scarlet". Does anybody else remember _that_, as long as we're off the topic of space?  Shag  --
Would someone please send me James Oberg's email address, if he has one and if someone reading this list knows it?  I wanted to send him a comment on something in his terraforming book.  	Paul F. Dietz 	dietz@cs.rochester.edu
In article <C5t05K.DB6@research.canon.oz.au> enzo@research.canon.oz.au  (Enzo Liguori) writes:  > hideous vision of the future.  Observers were >startled this spring when a NASA launch vehicle arrived at the >pad with "SCHWARZENEGGER" painted in huge block letters on the  This is ok in my opinion as long as the stuff *returns to earth*.  >What do you think of this revolting and hideous attempt to vandalize >the night sky? It is not even April 1 anymore.  If this turns out to be true, it's time to get seriously active in terrorism. This is unbelievable! Who do those people think they are, selling every bit that promises to make money? I guess we really deserve being wiped out by uv radiation, folks. "Stupidity wins". I guess that's true, and if only by pure numbers.  	Another depressed planetary citizen, 	hoover
> Wales.Larrison@ofa123.fidonet.org writes: > > Old pioneer song from the 1850's or so goes as follows: > >   "In a cavern, in a canyon, >    Excavating for a mine, >    Dwelt a miner, forty-niner, >    And his daughter, CLEMENTINE" > > Chorus: >   "Oh my darling, Oh my darling, >    Oh my darling Clementine. >    You are lost and gone forever, >    Oh my darling Clementine."           Let us hope that the performance of the spacecraft follows the sentiments of the first verse (miner) rather than the second (lost and gone forever).
In article <C5xr2w.Dnw.1@cs.cmu.edu> flb@flb.optiplan.fi ("F.Baube[tm]") writes:     From: "Phil G. Fraering" <pgf@srl03.cacs.usl.edu>     > Finally: this isn't the Bronze Age, [..]    > please try to remember that there are more human activities than    > those practiced by the Warrior Caste, the Farming Caste, and the    > Priesthood.     Right, the Profiting Caste is blessed by God, and may      freely blare its presence in the evening twilight ..  The Priesthood has never quite forgiven the merchants (aka Profiting Caste [sic]) for their rise to power, has it?  ;-)
<C659w7.IyD@fs7.ece.cmu.edu>, loss@fs7.ECE.CMU.EDU (Doug Loss) writes:  ><JPG.93Apr27135219@holly.bnr.co.uk> jpg@bnr.co.uk (Jonathan P. Gibbons) writes: > >>I would appreciate any thoughts on what makes a planet habitable for Humans. >>I am making asumptions that life and a similar atmosphere evolve given a range >>of physical aspects of the planet.  The question is what physical aspects >>simply disallow earth like conditions. > >    Dandridge Cole and Isaac Asimov collaborated on a book titled, > "Habitable Planets for Man" (I think) in 1964.  It should be available > in most good libraries, or through inter-library loan.  Some more references:  S.H. Dole  "Habitable Planets for Man" Blaisdell Publishing Company, New York (1964)  I don't know if this can be found any more.  M.J. Fogg  "Extra-Solar Planetary Systems: A Microcomputer Simulation" J. Brit. Interplanetary. Soc., _38_, 501-514, (1985)  "An Estimate of the Prevalence of Biocompatible and Habitable Planets" J. Brit. Interplanetary. Soc., _45_, 3-12, (1992)  The first paper includes a detailed discussion of the physical conditions for habitability.
In article <1993Apr29.201036.11256@den.mmc.com>, zwork@starfighter.den.mmc.com (Michael Corvin) writes... >Regarding the feasability of retrieving the HST for repair and >relaunching it: >  >(Caution: speculation mode engaged) >There is another consideration that hasn't been mentioned yet. >I expect that retrieving HST would involve 'damaging' it considerably in >order to return it to its cradle in the cargo bay.  Most of the deployed >items (antennas and, especially, the solar arays) probably are not >retractable into their fully stowed position, even by hand.  They would >have to be removed by the astronauts.  (The only advantage that this >might yield is that we could put new panels on that don't 'ring' due >to thermal cycle stresses...) >  >I also expect that, as has been discussed, the landing loads on the >HST optics structure is a big issue (but that the reentry loads are >much less so.)  Can the moveable optical components even be re-caged >(I assume that they were caged for launch)? >   It would be nice if someone here from the HST program was talking instead of all the speculation that is going on here. From what I understand from Dr. Frank Six of the Marshall Space Flight Center there is no insrmountable problem in bringing HST back. IT was designed that way to begin with.  Also it is my understanding that the solar arrays WILL be one of the items replaced on this mission. The originals were built by Brit Aerospace and I think the new ones are too. I am currently working with the guys at MSFC that are in charge is the HST power system, although I have not spoken with them in a long time about HST.
F.Baube[tm] writes: >> Tsniimach Enterprise is described as a ex-military >>establishment, ...  They are located near the NPO Energia >>facility in Kaliningrad, outside of Moscow. >  >If this facility is in Kaliningrad, this is not near Moscow, it is >in fact the ex-East Prussian Konigsberg, now a Russian enclave on >the Baltic coast.  It is served by ships and rail, and the intrepid >traveller in Europe would find it accessible and might even want to >try to arrange a tour (??).       Hmm... there must be two towns with the same name.  Kaliningrad, located just North of Moscow is correct.  It is the home of several Russian space enterprises, including NPO Energia, Krunichev, Fakel, and Tsniimach.  The main Russian manned spacecraft control facility is also located here.    Kaliningrad is easily reachable by auto from Moscow, and tours can be arranged.  Call ahead though, there are still armed military guards at many of these facilities -- who don't speak English, aren't well paid, and are rather bored.    It's a very popular destination with Western space industry types at the moment.  ----------------------------------------------------------------  Wales Larrison                         Space Technology Investor
fox@graphics.cs.nyu.edu (David Fox) writes: >In the New York Times on Sunday May 9th in the week in review >section there was a report of a group called "Space Marketing" >in Atlanta, Georgia who is planning to put up a one mile wide >reflective Earth orbiting satelite which will appear as large >and as bright as the Moon and carry some sort of advertising. >There was an editorial about this in the Times the following >Tuesday.  I realy like this idea, it would be wonderfull to see such a  big bright satelite on the night sky. I will even promise to try to buy whatever product it advertises to help this project.  Please write to Space Marketing and encourage this project. I sadly dosent have enough money to invest in it.  >congresspeople.  Space Marketing can be reached at:  >Attn: Mike Lawson >Public Relations Dept. >Space Marketing >1495 Atmbree Rd., Suite 600 >Rosewell, GA 30076 >(404)-442-9682    >Space advertisement in LOW Earth Orbit is very short term -- on the >order of a few years before the orbit decays.  (Higher orbits last >longer.)  Advertisers will certainly be aware of the environmental >aspects of their advertising.  Fred's argument is roughly akin to >saying that it's bad to cut down trees, so we shouldn't advertise in >newspapers.  Think that through, Fred.  >Picture this: Our space billboard is a LARGE inflatable structure, >filled with "bio-degradable" foam instead of gas.  It scoops up space >debris as it orbits, thus CLEANING the space environment and bringing >you The Pause That Refreshes at the same time.  Because of the large >drag coefficient, it will de-orbit -- safely burning up -- within a >year.  >Embedded in the foam structure is a small re-entry vehicle, which does >not burn up during entry.  It contains the electronics and propulsion >system (which may be refurbished and re-used) as well as space science >experiments proposed and built by high school students in >advertiser-sponsored science fairs.  >Advertisers buy time on the billboard, whose surface is made up of >tiny mirrors controlled by the avionics package.  The avionics can >reconfigure the mirrors to reflect different messages at different >parts of the globe.  Clever programming allows different languages >to every country.  >During orbital night, the mirrors turn perpendicular to the surface, >and small lights are revealed.  The lights spell out messages for all >to see.  >-- Ken Jenks, NASA/JSC/GM2, Space Shuttle Program Office >      kjenks@gothamcity.jsc.nasa.gov  (713) 483-4368  >                  "HERE MEN FROM THE PLANET EARTH >                    FIRST SET FOOT UPON THE MOON >                           JULY 1969, A.D. >                  WE CAME IN PEACE FOR ALL MANKIND." --