what is a cause of surface currents?
Additionally, the surface currents may be very different than currents at depth, which can make launching and recovering submersibles an even greater challenge. Surface currents are generated largely by wind. Their patterns are determined by wind direction, Coriolis forces from the Earthâs rotation, and the position of landforms that interact with the currents. Surface wind-driven currents generate upwelling currents in conjunction with landforms, creating deepwater currents.