how is a karyotype prepared and analyzed
Preparing a Karyotype. Metaphase cells are required to prepare a standard karyotype, and virtually any population of dividing cells could be used. Blood is easily the most frequently sampled tissue, but at times, karyotypes are prepared from cultured skin fibroblasts or bone marrow cells.None of the leukocytes in blood normally divide, but lymphocytes can readily be induced to proliferate, providing a very accessible source of metaphase cells.lood is easily the most frequently sampled tissue, but at times, karyotypes are prepared from cultured skin fibroblasts or bone marrow cells. None of the leukocytes in blood normally divide, but lymphocytes can readily be induced to proliferate, providing a very accessible source of metaphase cells.
In order to generate a karyotype, cells have to be prepared to maximize the number of cells in metaphase. Prior to karyotype analysis, cell preparations are examined under the microscope and scored for karyotype spread quality with grading from 1 to 6.Preparations graded below 3 are not suitable for detailed analysis.uman cells contain 23 pairs of autosomal chromosomes (numbered 1-22) and two sex chromosomes (X and Y). Convention numbers human autosomes, in descending order by size, with the exceptions of chromosomes 21 (the smallest autosome) and 22. The sex chromosomes, X and Y, are ordered at the end of a karyotype.