can police search a car without probable cause
The Probable Cause Exception. Police may search a vehicle if there is probable cause to believe that the car contains evidence of criminal activity. For example, if a car interior smells like marijuana, the police can search the vehicle. Under this exception, the police can search the car trunk or containers where contraband could be found.
Police Can Search Impounded Cars Without a Warrant. If the police have towed and impounded your car, they have the authority to search your vehicle. This inventory search can be as comprehensive as the police wish, and will most likely include opening any locked compartments or boxes found within your car.