what is the small circular segment of dna found in the cytoplasm of bacteria that is capable of independent replication
It should be noted that plasmids most often also have a circular DNA form. As sperm is small and contains mostly DNA, while the ovum is large and contains much cytoplasm containing both mitochondria or chloroplasts, both the chloroplasts and the mitochondria are maternally inherited. mtDNA contains about 20 genes.