retinal examination is required to determine what diseases
These AMD-related changes tend to cause deterioration of a small area of the retina called the macula, which is needed for sharp, central vision. A comprehensive dilated eye exam is also critical for detecting glaucoma, a disease that damages the optic nerve, which carries information from the eyes to the brain. In a person with glaucoma, the dilated exam may show changes in the shape and color of the optic nerve fibers.
Retinal vascular diseases are common in people with high blood pressure, diabetes, and other factors that cause vascular disease throughout the body, such as increasing age, high cholesterol, and smoking. Retinal vascular diseases include aneurysms, blockages, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and ocular ischemic syndrome. In simple terms, these are conditions that can block or restrict the blood flow throughout your eye structures and lead to vision loss or blindness.