what cells are affected by diabetes
Insulin is a hormone that helps move sugar, or glucose, into your body's tissues. Cells use it as fuel. Damage to beta cells from type 1 diabetes throws the process off.Glucose doesnât move into your cells because insulin isnât there to do it. Instead it builds up in your blood and your cells starve.This causes high blood sugar, which can lead to: 1  Dehydration.amage to beta cells from type 1 diabetes throws the process off. Glucose doesnât move into your cells because insulin isnât there to do it. Instead it builds up in your blood and your cells starve.
In people with diabetes, however, these cells are either attacked and destroyed by the immune system (type 1 diabetes), or are unable to produce a sufficient amount of insulin needed for blood sugar control (type 2 diabetes).eta cells in type 1 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, beta cells die from a misguided attack by the bodyâs immune system. How and why that happens is not clear, but the results of a study published in early 2011 suggest that these pancreatic cells become stressed at the earliest stages of the disease process.