ribosomes description and function
The ribosome (/ËraÉªbÉµËzoÊm/) is a large and complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation). Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules.Ribosomes consist of two major components: the small ribosomal subunit, which reads the RNA, and the large subunit, which joins amino acids to form a polypeptide chain.rokaryotes have 70 S ribosomes, each consisting of a small (30S) and a large (50S) subunit. Their small subunit has a 16S RNA subunit (consisting of 1540 nucleotides) bound to 21 proteins. The large subunit is composed of a 5S RNA subunit (120 nucleotides), a 23S RNA subunit (2900 nucleotides) and 31 proteins.
Related Information: They do this by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Messenger RNA is simply a copy of the DNA from the nucleus that is allowed to enter the cytoplasm and be used to make proteins. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis, where RNA is translated into protein.When cells need large numbers of proteins, they must first build numerous ribosomes. Because protein synthesis is so important to cells, there are large numbers of ribosomes in all cells, often numbering in the hundreds or thousands.he primary function of Ribosomes is to read and translate the cell's genetic code, then reproduce (replicate) the proteins that the code represents. Without the ribosomes this coded message could not be read or replicated.