difference between ratification and amendment
Proposing an amendment means Congress requesting the states to vote on adding an amendment to the Constitution. The states then vote in favor of (or not) the issue of the amendment being added to the Constitution (ratification - agreeing with Congress that it should be added). So.......... proposing is a function of Congress, ratification is a function of the states. Any senator or congressman can propose an amendment to the constitution but it will require a yes vote by 2/3 vote for both houses and 3/4 of the state legislatures to ratify or approve the amendment.