what are the molecules in a dna strands called
The two DNA strands are known as polynucleotides since they are composed of simpler units called nucleotides. Each nucleotide is composed of a nitrogen-containing nucleobase âeither cytosine (C), guanine (G), adenine (A), or thymine (T)âas well as a monosaccharide sugar called deoxyribose and a phosphate group.ranscription is carried out by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase that copies the sequence of a DNA strand into RNA. To begin transcribing a gene, the RNA polymerase binds to a sequence of DNA called a promoter and separates the DNA strands.