volcanic and seismic processes definition
Surface waves move along the earth's surface. Photo is courtesy of Queensland University Advanced Centre for Earthquake Studies, Australia. The term earthquake refers to the ground vibrations that are induced by energy released into the earth during fault rupture. These vibrations are known as seismic waves.Seismometers operating around the globe on a continuous basis record the tiny displacements of the surface that are caused by seismic waves.uch slip occurs for a variety of reasons and typically differs from the steady inter-seismic slip described above (although in some sense, post-seismic slip is simply a subset of inter-seismic slip). A fault that has experienced a significant rupture often continues to accommodate significant slip after the rupture.
A volcano is a rupture on the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface.Earth's volcanoes occur because its crust is broken into 17 major, rigid tectonic plates that float on a hotter, softer layer in its mantle.olcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the crust's interior plates, e.g., in the East African Rift and the Wells Gray-Clearwater volcanic field and Rio Grande Rift in North America. This type of volcanism falls under the umbrella of plate hypothesis volcanism.