Question: when did the seljuk empire begin and end
Answer: Seljuk Empire آلِ سلجوق Āl - e Saljuq 1037 -- 1194 Seljuq Empire at its greatest extent in 1092 , upon the death of Malik Shah I Capital Nishapur ( 1037 -- 1043 ) Rey ( 1043 -- 1051 ) Isfahan ( 1051 -- 1118 ) Merv , Eastern capital ( 1118 -- 1153 ) Hamadan , Western capital ( 1118 -- 1194 ) Languages Persian ( official & court language ; lingua franca ) Oghuz Turkish ( dynastic and military ) Arabic ( language of law , theology and science ) Religion Sunni Islam ( Hanafi ) Government Sultanate Sultan 1037 -- 1063 Toghrul I ( first ) 1174 -- 1194 Toghrul III