Question: what nations are permanent members of the security council
Answer: Country Current state representation Former state representation Current leaders Current representative China People 's Republic of China ( since 1971 ) Republic of China ( 1945 -- 1949 ) ( on both Mainland China and Taiwan ) Republic of China ( since 1949 ) ( only on Taiwan ) President : Xi Jinping Premier : Li Keqiang Ma Zhaoxu France French Fifth Republic ( since 1958 ) Provisional Government of the French Republic ( 1945 -- 1946 ) French Fourth Republic ( 1946 -- 1958 ) President : Emmanuel Macron Prime Minister : Édouard Philippe François Delattre Russia Russian Federation ( since 1991 ) Union of Soviet Social