Question: which leader shut down the parliament and suspended the constitution in the ottoman empire
Answer: Abdul Hamid II ( Ottoman Turkish : عبد الحميد ثانی ‎ , ` Abdü'l - Ḥamīd - i sânî ; Turkish : İkinci Abdülhamit ; 21 September 1842 -- 10 February 1918 ) was the 34th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and the last Sultan to exert effective control over the fracturing state .