one based numeration there's an interesting numeration called one based numeration which could be any numeral system that is counted from one and it's usually compared to the widely used zero based numeration this numeration defines the number ten as single digit which is written as but i don't think it's very efficient for arithmetic what do you think about the numeration based binary x based hexadecimal x a b c d e f f f based decimal x based decimal elementary arithmetic ignored the carry based result is ignored the carry based result is ignored the carry based result is borrowed due to no carry based result is borrowed due to no carry based result is borrowed due to no carry based result is ignored the carry based result is multiplication table based decimal multiplication table x for example x x x x based result is hth thanks iiy