revision process for ICD-11, 6, 10, 11–12
use of ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 codes, 12, 16, 22,
23, 29
International Classification of Functioning,
Disability and Health (ICF), 21, 734
International Classification of Sleep Disorders,  2nd
Edition (ICSD-2), relationship of DSM-5 to,
361–362
circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, 398
hypersomnolence disorder, 372
insomnia disorder, 368
narcolepsy, 378
nightmare disorder, 407obstructive sleep ap nea hypopnea, 383
rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder,
410
restless legs syndrome, 413
sleep-related hypoventilation, 390
substance/medication-induced sleep disorder,
420
Internet gaming disorder, 795–798
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
797
comorbidity with, 798
diagnostic features of, 796–797
differential diagnosis of, 797–798
functional consequences of, 797
prevalence of, 797
proposed criteria for, 795–796
risk and prognostic factors for, 797
subtypes of, 796
Intoxication, 481, 485–487
alcohol, 497–499
associated with use of multiple substances, 486
caffeine, 503–506
cannabis, 516–517
delirium due to, 598
development and course of, 487
duration of effects and, 486
inhalant, 538–540
laboratory findings associated with, 486–487
opioid, 546–547


laboratory findings associated with, 486–487
opioid, 546–547
other hallucinogen, 529–530
other (or unknown) substance, 581–582
phencyclidine, 527–529
recording procedures for, 487
related to route of administration and speed of
substance effects, 486
sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic, 556–557
stimulant, 567–569
Jealousy, obsessional, 264
Jikoshu-kyofu,  264
Khyâl cap,  211, 212, 233, 834
Kleptomania, 461, 478–479
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
478
comorbidity with, 478
development and course of, 478
diagnostic criteria for, 478
diagnostic features of, 478
differential diagnosis of, 478
functional consequences of, 478
prevalence of, 478
risk and prognostic factors for, 478
Koro,  264
Kufungisisa,  14, 834–835


932 Index
Language disorder, 31, 42–44
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 43
comorbidity with, 44
development and course of, 43
diagnostic criteria for, 42
diagnostic features of, 42
differential diagnosis of, 43
risk and prognostic factors for, 43
Learning disorder. See Specific learning disorder
Level of Personality Fu nctioning Scale (LPFS),
772, 775–778
Lewy bodies, major or mild neurocognitive
disorder with, 591, 603, 618–621
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 619
comorbidity with, 621
development and course of, 619–620
diagnostic criteria for, 618–619
diagnostic features of, 619
diagnostic markers for, 620
differential diagnosis of, 620
functional consequences of, 620
prevalence of, 619
risk and prognostic factors for, 620
LPFS (Level of Personality Functioning Scale),
772, 775–778
Major depressive disorder, 155, 160–168
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
164–165
comorbidity with, 168
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 166
development and course of, 165–166
diagnostic criteria for, 160–162
diagnostic features of, 162–164
differential diagnosis of, 167–168
functional consequences of, 167
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 167
prevalence of, 165
risk and prognostic factors for, 166
suicide risk in, 164, 167
Major depressive episode in bipolar and related
disorders
bipolar I disorder, 125–126, 129


disorders
bipolar I disorder, 125–126, 129
bipolar II disorder, 133–134, 135–136
other specified bipolar and related disorder,
148
Maladi moun, 14, 835
Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder, 423,
440–443
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
441–442
comorbidity with, 443
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 442
development and course of, 442
diagnostic criteria for, 440–441diagnostic features of, 441
differential diagnosis of, 443
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 442–443
prevalence of, 442
risk and prognostic factors for, 442
Manic episode
in bipolar I disorder, 124, 127–129
in bipolar and related disorder due to another
medical cond ition, 146
Medication-induced delirium, 597, 599
Medication-induced movement disorders and
other adverse effects of medication, 20, 22,
29, 709–714
antidepressant discontinuation syndrome, 22,
712–714
medication-induced acute akathisia, 22, 711
medication-induced acute dystonia, 711
medication-induced postural tremor, 712
neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism, 709
neuroleptic malignant syndrome, 22, 709–711
other adverse effect of medication, 712–714
other medication-induced movement
disorder, 712
other medication-induced parkinsonism, 709
tardive akathisia, 712
tardive dyskinesia, 22, 712
tardive dystonia, 712
Mental disorder(s)


tardive dystonia, 712
Mental disorder(s)
culture and, 14–15, 749–759
definition of, 20
criterion for clinical significance, 21
in forensic settings, 25
gender and, 15
Motor disorders, neurodevelopmental, 32, 74–85
developmental coordination disorder, 74–77
stereotypic movement disorder, 77–80
tic disorders, 81–85
Movement disorders, medication-induced. See
Medication-induced movement disorders
and other adverse effects of medication
Muscle dysmorphia, 236, 243, 245
Narcissistic personality disorder, 645, 646,
669–672
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
671
development and course of, 671
diagnostic criteria for, 669–670
diagnostic features of, 670–671
differential diagnosis of, 671–672
features and criteria in alternative DSM-5
model for personality disorders, 763,
767–768
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 671
prevalence of, 671


Index 933
Narcolepsy, 361, 372–378
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
374–375
comorbidity with, 377–378
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 376
development and course of, 375
diagnostic criteria for, 372–373
diagnostic features of, 374
diagnostic markers for, 376
differential diagnosis of, 376–377
functional consequences of, 376
prevalence of, 375
relationship to International Classification of
Sleep Disorders, 378
risk and prognostic factors for, 375–376
subtypes of, 373–374
NCDs. See Neurocognitive disorders
Neglect
child, 718–719
spouse or partner, 721
Nervios,  835
Neurobehavioral disorder associated with
prenatal alcohol exposure, 798–801
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 799
comorbidity with, 800–801
development and course of, 800
diagnostic features of, 799
differential diagnosis of, 800
functional consequences of, 800
prevalence of, 800
proposed criteria for, 798–799
suicide risk in, 800
Neurocognitive disorders (NCDs), 591–643
delirium, 591, 596–602
other specified delirium, 602
unspecified delirium, 602
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
816
major and mild neurocognitive disorders, 591,
602–611, 611–643
associated features supporting diagnosis
of, 608
comorbidity with, 610–611
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 609
development and course of, 608–609


culture-related diagnostic issues in, 609
development and course of, 608–609
diagnostic criteria for, 602–606
diagnostic features of, 607–608
diagnostic markers for, 609–610
differential diagnosis of, 610
functional consequences of, 610
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 609
prevalence of, 608
risk and prognostic factors for, 609
specifiers for, 606–607
subtypes of, 591, 603–604,  606, 611–643major or mild frontotemporal neuro-
cognitive disorder, 591, 603, 614–618
major or mild neurocognitive disorder
due to Alzheimer’s disease, 591, 603,
611–614
major or mild neurocognitive disorder
due to another medical condition,
591, 604, 641–642
major or mild neurocognitive disorder
due to HIV infection, 591, 604, 632–
634
major or mild neurocognitive disorder
due to Huntington’s disease, 591,
604, 638–641
major or mild neurocognitive disorder
with Lewy bodies, 591, 603, 618–621
major or mild neurocognitive disorder
due to multiple etiologies, 591, 604,
642–643
major or mild neurocognitive disorder
due to Parkinson’s disease, 591, 604,
636–638
major or mild neurocognitive disorder
due to prion disease, 591, 604,  634–
636
major or mild neurocognitive disorder
due to traumatic brain injury, 591,
603, 624–627, 626
major or mild substance/medication-


603, 624–627, 626
major or mild substance/medication-
induced neurocognitive disorder,
591, 603, 627–632
unspecified neurocognitive disorder,
591, 604, 643
vascular neurocogniti ve disorder, 591,
603, 621–624
neurocognitive domains, 592, 593–595
Neurodevelopmental disorders, 11, 13, 31–86
attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, 11,
32, 59–66
autism spectrum disorders, 31–32, 50–59
communication disorders, 31, 41–49
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
809–810
intellectual disabilities, 31, 33–41
motor disorders, 32, 74–85
other specified neurodevelopmental disorder,
86
specific learning disorder, 32, 66–74
specifiers for, 32–33
tic disorders, 32, 81–85
unspecified neurodevelopmental disorder, 86
Neurodevelopmental motor disorders, 32, 74–85
developmental coordination disorder, 74–77
stereotypic movement disorder, 77–80
tic disorders, 81–85


934 Index
Neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism, 709
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome, 22, 709–711
development and course of, 710
diagnostic features of, 710
differential diagnosis of, 711
risk and prognostic factors for, 711
Night eating syndrome, 354
Nightmare disorder, 361, 404–407
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 405
comorbidity with, 407
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 406
development and course of, 405
diagnostic criteria for, 404
diagnostic features of, 404–405
diagnostic markers for, 406
differential diagnosis of, 406–407
functional consequences of, 406
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 406
prevalence of, 405
relationship to International Classification of
Sleep Disorders, 407
risk and prognostic factors for, 405
Nonadherence to medical treatment, 22, 726–727
Non–rapid eye movement sleep arousal
disorders, 361, 399–404
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
400–401
comorbidity with, 403
development and course of, 401
diagnostic criteria for, 399
diagnostic features of, 400
diagnostic markers for, 402
differential diagnosis of, 402–403
functional consequences of, 402
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 401
prevalence of, 401
relationship to International Classification of
Sleep Disorders, 404
risk and prognostic factors for, 401
Nonsuicidal self-injury, 803–805
development and course of, 804
diagnostic features of, 804
differential diagnosis of, 805–806
functional consequences of, 805


differential diagnosis of, 805–806
functional consequences of, 805
proposed criteria for, 803
risk and prognostic factors for, 804
Obesity, 22
feeding and eating disorders and, 329, 344,
348, 351–353
sleep-wake disorders and, 413
hypersomnia, 372, 373, 375, 376, 377
obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea,
379–380, 382
sleep-related hypoventilation, 387–388, 389Obsessional jealousy, 264
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), 235–236,
237–242
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
238–239
comorbidity with, 243
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 240
development and course of, 239
diagnostic criteria for, 237
diagnostic features of, 238
differential diagnosis of, 242–243
functional consequences of, 241–242
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 239, 240
prevalence of, 239
risk and prognostic factors for, 239–240
specifiers for, 236, 238
suicide risk in, 240
Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder, 645,
646, 678–682
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
680–681
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 681
diagnostic criteria for, 678–679
diagnostic features of, 679–680
differential diagnosis of, 681–682
features and criteria in alternative DSM-5
model for personality disorders, 764,
768–769
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 681
prevalence of, 681
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorder due to


prevalence of, 681
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorder due to
another medical condition, 235, 236, 260–263
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
262
development and course of, 262
diagnostic criteria for, 260–261
diagnostic features of, 261–262
diagnostic markers for, 262
differential diagnosis of, 262–263
Obsessive-compulsive and related disorders,
235–264
body dysmorphic disorder, 235, 236, 242–247
excoriation (skin-picking) disorder, 235, 236,
254–257
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
811–812
hoarding disorder, 235, 236, 247–251
obsessions and compulsions in, 235–236, 239
obsessive-compulsive disorder, 235–236,
237–242
obsessive-compulsive and related disorder
due to another medical condition,
235.236, 260–263
other specified obsess ive-compulsive and
related disorder, 235, 236, 263–264


Index 935
substance/medication-induced obsessive-
compulsive and related disorder, 235,
236, 257–260
trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder), 235,
236, 251–254
unspecified obsessive-compulsive and related
disorder, 235, 236
Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea, 378–383
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
379
comorbidity with, 383
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 381
development and course of, 379–380
diagnostic criteria for, 378
diagnostic features of, 379
diagnostic markers for, 381
differential diagnosis of, 381–383
functional consequences of, 381
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 381
prevalence of, 379
relationship to International Classification of
Sleep Disorders, 383
risk and prognostic factors for, 380–381
specifiers for, 378–379
Occupational problems, 723
OCD. See Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Olfactory reference syndrome, 246, 264, 837
Online enhancements, 17
Opioid intoxication, 546–547
diagnostic criteria for, 546–547
diagnostic features of, 547
differential diagnosis of, 547
specifiers for, 547
Opioid-related disorders, 481, 540–550
diagnoses associated with, 482
opioid intoxication, 546–547
opioid use disorder, 541–546
opioid withdrawal, 484, 547–549
other opioid-induced disorders, 549
unspecified opioid-related disorder, 550
Opioid use disorder, 541–546
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 543
comorbidity with, 546


associated features supporting diagnosis of, 543
comorbidity with, 546
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 544
development and course of, 543
diagnostic criteria for, 541–542
diagnostic features of, 542
diagnostic markers for, 544
differential diagnosis of, 545–546
functional consequences of, 544–545
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 544
prevalence of, 543
risk and prognostic factors for, 543–544
specifiers for, 542
suicide risk in, 544Opioid withdrawal, 484, 547–549
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 549
development and course of, 549
diagnostic criteria for, 547–548
diagnostic features of, 548
differential diagnosis of, 549
prevalence of, 549
Oppositional defiant disorder, 32, 461, 462–466
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
464
comorbidity with, 466
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 465
development and course of, 464
diagnostic criteria for, 462–463
diagnostic features of, 463
differential diagnosis of, 465
functional consequences of, 465
prevalence of, 464
risk and prognostic factors for, 464
specifiers for, 463
Other circumstances of personal history, 726
Other conditions that may be a focus of clinical
attention, 20, 22, 29, 715–727
abuse and neglect, 717–722
adult maltreatment and neglect problems,
720–722
child maltreatment and neglect problems,
717–719
educational and occupational problems, 723
housing and economic problems, 723–724


educational and occupational problems, 723
housing and economic problems, 723–724
nonadherence to medical treatment, 726–727
other circumstances of personal history, 726
other health service encounters for counseling
and medical advice, 725
other problems related to the social
environment, 724–725
problems related to access to medical and
other health care, 726
problems related to crime or interaction with
the legal system, 725
problems related to other psychosocial,
personal, and environmental
circumstances, 725
relational problems, 715–717
other problems relate d to primary support
group, 716–717
problems related to family upbringing,
715–716
Other hallucinogen intoxication, 529–530
diagnostic criteria for, 529
diagnostic features of, 529
differential diagnosis of, 530
functional consequences of, 530
prevalence of, 530
suicide risk in, 530


936 Index
Other hallucinogen use disorder, 523–527
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
525
comorbidity with, 527
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 526
development and course of, 525–526
diagnostic criteria for, 523–524
diagnostic features of, 524–525
diagnostic markers for, 526
differential diagnosis of, 527
functional consequences of, 527
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 526
prevalence of, 525
risk and prognostic factors for, 526
specifiers for, 524
Other health service encounters for counseling
and medical advice, 725
Other mental disorders, 707–708
other specified mental disorder, 15–16, 19,
708
other specified mental di sorder due to another
medical condition, 707
unspecified mental disorder, 15–16, 19–20, 708
unspecified mental disorder due to another
medical condition, 708
Other problems related to primary support group,
716–717
Other problems related to social environment,
724–725
Other psychosocial, personal, and environmental
circumstances,  problems related to, 725
Other specified mental disorder, 15–16, 19, 708
due to another medical condition, 707
Other (or unknown) substance intoxication,
581–582
comorbidity with, 582
development and course of, 581–582
diagnostic criteria for, 581
diagnostic features of, 581
differential diagnosis of, 582
functional consequences of, 582
prevalence of, 581
Other (or unknown) substance–related disorders,
577–585
diagnoses associated with, 482


577–585
diagnoses associated with, 482
other (or unknown) substance–induced
disorders, 584–585
other (or unknown) substance intoxication,
581–582
other (or unknown) substance use disorder,
577–580
other (or unknown) substance withdrawal,
583–584
unspecified other (or unknown) substance–
related disorder, 585Other (or unknown) substance use disorder,
577–580
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 579
comorbidity with, 580
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 580
development and course of, 580
diagnostic criteria for, 577–578
diagnostic features of, 579
diagnostic markers for, 580
differential diagnosis of, 580
prevalence of, 579
risk and prognostic factors for, 580
specifiers for, 578
Other (or unknown) substance withdrawal,
583–584
comorbidity with, 584
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 583
development and course of, 583
diagnostic criteria for, 583
diagnostic features of, 583
differential diagnosis of, 584
functional consequences of, 584
prevalence of, 583
Panic attacks, 189, 190, 208–209, 214–217
associated features with, 215
comorbidity with, 217
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 216
development and course of, 215–216
diagnostic markers for, 216
differential diagnosis of, 217
expected vs. unexpected, 215
features of, 214–215
functional consequences of, 217
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 216
nocturnal, 209, 215


gender-related diagnostic issues in, 216
nocturnal, 209, 215
in older adults, 210–211, 215–216
prevalence of, 215
risk and prognostic factors for, 216
specifier for, 214–217
suicide risk and, 215
symptoms of, 214
Panic disorder, 190, 208–214
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 210
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 211–212
development and course of, 210–211
diagnostic criteria for, 208–209
diagnostic features of, 209
diagnostic markers for, 212
differential diagnosis of, 212–213
functional consequences of, 212
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 210.212
prevalence of, 210
risk and prognostic factors for, 211
suicide risk in, 212


Index 937
Paranoid personality disorder, 645, 646, 649–652
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
650–651
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 651
development and course of, 651
diagnostic criteria for, 649
diagnostic features of, 649–650
differential diagnosis of, 652
prevalence of, 651
risk and prognostic factors for, 651
Paraphilic disorders, 685–705
exhibitionistic disorder, 685, 689–691
fetishistic disorder, 685, 700–702
frotteuristic disorder, 685, 691–694
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
816
other specified para philic disorder, 705
pedophilic disorder, 685, 697–700
sexual masochism disorder, 685, 694–695
sexual sadism disorder, 685, 695–697
transvestic disorder, 685, 702–704
unspecified paraphilic disorder, 705
voyeuristic disorder, 685, 686–688
Parasomnias, 361, 399–410
nightmare disorder, 361, 404–407
non–rapid eye movement sleep arousal
disorders, 361, 399–404
rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder,
361, 407–410
Parkinsonism
neuroleptic-induced, 709
other medication-induced, 709
Parkinson’s disease
anxiety disorders and, 203, 205, 207, 218, 221
depressive disorders and, 181, 182
major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to,
591, 604, 636–638
associated features supporting diagnosis


591, 604, 636–638
associated features supporting diagnosis
of, 637
comorbidity with, 638
development and course of, 637
diagnostic criteria for, 636–637
diagnostic features of, 637
diagnostic markers for, 637–638
differential diagnosis of, 638
prevalence of, 637
risk and prognostic factors for, 637
sleep-wake disorders and,  372, 383, 395, 413,
421
REM sleep behavior disorder, 361, 408, 410
Pedophilic disorder, 685, 697–700
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 698
comorbidity with, 700
development and course of, 699
diagnostic criteria for, 697–698diagnostic features of, 698
diagnostic markers for, 699
differential diagnosis of, 700
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 699
prevalence of, 698
risk and prognostic factors for, 699
Persistent complex bereavement disorder, 289,
789–792
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
791
comorbidity with, 792
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 791
development and course of, 791
diagnostic features of, 790–791
differential diagnosis of, 792
functional consequences of, 792
prevalence of, 791
proposed criteria for, 789–790
risk and prognostic factors for, 791
suicide risk in, 791
Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia), 155,
168–171
comorbidity with, 171
development and course of, 170
diagnostic criteria for, 168–169
diagnostic features of, 169–170


diagnostic criteria for, 168–169
diagnostic features of, 169–170
differential diagnosis of, 170–171
functional consequences of, 170
prevalence of, 170
risk and prognostic factors for, 170
Personality change due to another medical
condition, 645, 682–684
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
683
diagnostic criteria for, 682
diagnostic features of, 683
differential diagnosis of, 683–684
subtypes of, 683
Personality disorders, 645–684
Cluster A, 646, 649–659
paranoid personality disorder, 645, 646,
649–652
schizoid personality disorder, 645, 646,
652–655
schizotypal personality disorder, 87, 89, 90,
645, 646, 655–659
Cluster B, 646, 659–672
antisocial personality disorder, 461, 476,
645, 646, 659–663
borderline personality disorder, 645, 646,
663–666
histrionic personality disorder, 645, 646,
667–669
narcissistic personality disorder, 645, 646,
669–672


938 Index
Personality disorders (continued)
Cluster C, 646, 672–682
avoidant personality disorder, 645, 646,
672–675
dependent personality disorder, 645, 646,
675–678
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder,
645, 646, 678–682
general personality disorder, 646–649
criteria for, 646–647
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 648
development and course of, 647–648
diagnostic features of, 647
differential diagnosis of, 648–649
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 648
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
816
other specified personality disorder, 645–646,
684
personality change due to another medical
condition, 645, 682–684
unspecified personality disorder, 645–646, 684
Personality disorders: alternative DSM-5 model,
761–781
diagnosis of, 771
general criteria for personality disorder,
761–763
Criterion A: level of personality
functioning, 762, 762
Criterion B: pathological personality traits,
762–763
Criteria C and D: pervasiveness and
stability, 763
Criteria E, F, and G: alternative
explanations for personality
pathology, 763
level of personality functioning, 762, 762,
771–772
Level of Personality Functioning Scale for
rating of, 772, 775–778
self- and interpersonal  functioning
dimensional definition, 772
personality traits, 772–774
assessment of Personality Trait Model, 774
clinical utility of  multidimensional
personality functioning and trait
model, 774


clinical utility of  multidimensional
personality functioning and trait
model, 774
definition and description of, 772–773
definitions of personality disorder trait
domains and facets, 779–781
dimensionality of, 772–773
distinguishing traits, symptoms, and
specific behaviors, 773–774
hierarchical structure of personality, 773
Personality Trait Model, 773scoring algorithms for, 771
specific personality disorders, 763–771
antisocial personality disorder, 763, 764–765
avoidant personality disorder, 763, 765–766
borderline personality disorder, 763, 766–
767
narcissistic personality disorder, 763,
767–768
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder,
764, 768–769
personality disorder—trait specified, 761,
770–771
schizotypal personality disorder, 764,
769–770
Phencyclidine intoxication, 527–529
diagnostic criteria for, 527–528
diagnostic features of, 528
diagnostic markers for, 528
differential diagnosis of, 528–529
functional consequences of, 528
prevalence of, 528
Phencyclidine-related disorders, 481
diagnoses associated with, 482
other phencyclidine-induced disorders, 532
phencyclidine intoxication, 527–529
phencyclidine use disorder, 520–523
unspecified phencyclidine-related disorder, 533
Phencyclidine use disorder, 520–523
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 522
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 522
diagnostic criteria for, 520–521
diagnostic features of, 521–522
diagnostic markers for, 522


diagnostic features of, 521–522
diagnostic markers for, 522
differential diagnosis of, 523
functional consequences of, 522
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 522
prevalence of, 522
risk and prognostic factors for, 522
specifiers for, 521
Phobic disorders
agoraphobia, 190, 217–221
social anxiety disorder (social phobia), 190,
202–208
specific phobia, 189–190, 197–202
Physical abuse
child, 717–718
nonspouse or nonpartner, 722
spouse or partner, 720
Pica, 329–331
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
330
comorbidity with, 331
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 331
development and course of, 330
diagnostic criteria for, 329–330


Index 939
diagnostic features of, 330
diagnostic markers for, 331
differential diagnosis of, 331
functional consequences of, 331
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 331
prevalence of, 330
risk and prognostic factors for, 330
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 265, 271–280
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
276
comorbidity with, 280
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 278
development and course of, 276–277
diagnostic criteria for, 271–274
diagnostic features of, 274–276
differential diagnosis of, 279–280
functional consequences of, 278–279
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 278
prevalence of, 276
risk and prognostic factors for, 277–278
suicide risk in, 278
Postural tremor, medication-induced, 712
Premature (early) ejaculation, 423, 443–446
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
444
comorbidity with, 446
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 445
development and course of, 444–445
diagnostic criteria for, 443–444
diagnostic features of, 444
diagnostic markers for, 445
differential diagnosis of, 445–446
functional consequences of, 445
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 445
prevalence of, 444
risk and prognostic factors for, 445
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder, 155, 171–175
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 173
comorbidity with, 175
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 173
development and course of, 173
diagnostic criteria for, 171–172
diagnostic features of, 172–173


diagnostic criteria for, 171–172
diagnostic features of, 172–173
diagnostic markers for, 173–174
differential diagnosis of, 174–175
functional consequences of, 174
prevalence of, 173
recording procedures for, 172
risk and prognostic factors for, 173
Principal diagnosis, 22–23
Prion disease, major or mild neurocognitive
disorder due to, 591, 604, 634–636
development and course of, 635
diagnostic criteria for, 634–635
diagnostic features of, 635diagnostic markers for, 636
differential diagnosis of, 636
prevalence of, 635
risk and prognostic factors for, 636
Problems related to access to medical and other
health care, 726
Problems related to crime or interaction with the
legal system, 725
Problems related to family upbringing, 715–716
Problems related to other psychosocial, personal,
and environmental circumstances, 725
Provisional diagnosis, 23
Pseudocyesis, 310, 327
Psychological abuse
child, 719
nonspouse or nonpartner, 722
spouse or partner abuse, 721–722
Psychological factors af fecting other medical
conditions, 309, 310, 322–324
comorbidity with, 324
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 323
development and course of, 323
diagnostic criteria for, 322
diagnostic features of, 322–323
differential diagnosis of, 323–324
functional consequences of, 323
prevalence of, 323
Psychotic disorder due to another medical
condition, 89, 115–118


Psychotic disorder due to another medical
condition, 89, 115–118
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 116
comorbidity with, 118
development and course of, 117
diagnostic criteria for, 115–116
diagnostic features of, 116
diagnostic markers for, 117
differential diagnosis of, 118
functional consequences of, 118
prevalence of, 116–117
risk and prognostic factors for, 117
specifiers for, 116
suicide risk in, 118
Psychotic disorders. See Schizophrenia spectrum
and other psychotic disorders
PTSD. See Posttraumatic stress disorder
Purging disorder, 353
Pyromania, 461, 476–477
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
476–477
comorbidity with, 477
development and course of, 477
diagnostic criteria for, 476
diagnostic features of, 476
differential diagnosis of, 477
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 477
prevalence of, 477


940 Index
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior
disorder, 361, 407–410
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 408
comorbidity with, 410
development and course of, 408–409
diagnostic criteria for, 407–408
diagnostic features of, 408
diagnostic markers for, 409
differential diagnosis of, 409–410
functional consequences of, 409
prevalence of, 408
relationship to International Classification of
Sleep Disorders, 410
risk and prognostic factors for, 409
Reactive attachment disorder, 265–268
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 266
comorbidity with, 268
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 267
development and course of, 266
diagnostic criteria for, 265–266
diagnostic features of, 266
differential diagnosis of, 267–268
functional consequences of, 267
prevalence of, 266
risk and prognostic factors for, 267
Recurrent brief depression, 183
Relational problems, 22, 715–717
other problems relate d to primary support
group, 716–717
problems related to family upbringing, 715–716
REM sleep behavior disorder. See Rapid eye
movement sleep behavior disorder
Restless legs syndrome (RLS), 361, 410–413
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
411
comorbidity with, 413
development and course of, 411–412
diagnostic criteria for, 410
diagnostic features of, 411
diagnostic markers for, 412
differential diagnosis of, 413
functional consequences of, 412–413
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 412
prevalence of, 411
relationship to International Classification of


prevalence of, 411
relationship to International Classification of
Sleep Disorders, 413
risk and prognostic factors for, 412
Rett syndrome, 33, 38, 51, 53, 56, 57, 79, 80
RLS. See Restless legs syndrome
Rumination disorder, 329, 332–333
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
332–333
comorbidity with, 333
development and course of, 333
diagnostic criteria for, 332diagnostic features of, 332
differential diagnosis of, 333
functional consequences of, 333
prevalence of, 333
risk and prognostic factors for, 333
Schizoaffective disorder, 89–90, 105–110
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 107
comorbidity with, 110
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 108–109
development and course of, 108
diagnostic criteria for, 105–106
diagnostic features of, 106–107
differential diagnosis of, 109–110
functional consequences of, 109
prevalence of, 107–108
risk and prognostic factors for, 108
suicide risk in, 109
Schizoid personality disorder, 645, 646, 652–655
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
653–654
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 654
development and course of, 654
diagnostic criteria for, 652–653
diagnostic features of, 653
differential diagnosis of, 654–655
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 654
prevalence of, 654
risk and prognostic factors for, 654
Schizophrenia, 87, 99–105
associated features supporting diagnosis of,


Schizophrenia, 87, 99–105
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
101–102
with catatonia, 88, 100
comorbidity with, 105
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 103
development and course of, 102–103
diagnostic features of, 87–88, 100–101
differential diagnosis of, 104–105
functional consequences of, 104
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 103–104
prevalence of, 102
risk and prognostic factors for, 103
suicide risk in, 104
Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic
disorders, 87–122
brief psychotic disorder, 89, 94–96
catatonia, 88, 89, 119–121
clinician-rated assessment of symptoms and
related clinical phenomena in, 89–90
delusional disorder, 89, 90–93
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
810
key features of, 87–88
delusions, 87
disorganized thinking (speech), 88


Index 941
grossly disorganized or abnormal motor
behavior (including catatonia), 88
hallucinations, 87–88
negative symptoms, 88
other specified schizo phrenia spectrum and
other psychotic disorder, 122
psychotic disorder due to another medical
condition, 89, 115–118
schizoaffective disorder, 89–90, 105–110
schizophrenia, 87, 99–105
schizophreniform disorder, 89, 96–99
schizotypal (personality) disorder, 87, 89, 90
substance/medication-induced psychotic
disorder, 89, 110–115
unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other
psychotic disorder, 122
Schizophreniform disorder, 89, 96–99
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 98
development and course of, 98
diagnostic criteria for, 96–97
diagnostic features of, 97–98
differential diagnosis of, 98–99
functional consequences of, 98
prevalence of, 98
provisional diagnosis of, 97
risk and prognostic factors for, 98
Schizotypal personality disorder, 87, 89, 90, 645,
646, 655–659
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
657
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 657
development and course of, 657
diagnostic criteria for, 655–656
diagnostic features of, 656–657
differential diagnosis of, 658–659
features and criteria in alternative DSM-5
model for personality disorders, 764,
769–770
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 658
prevalence of, 657


gender-related diagnostic issues in, 658
prevalence of, 657
risk and prognostic factors for, 657
Sedative, hypnotic, or an xiolytic intoxication,
556–557
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 557
diagnostic criteria for, 556
diagnostic features of, 556–557
differential diagnosis of, 557
prevalence of, 557
Sedative-, hypnotic-, or anxiolytic-related
disorders, 481, 550–560
diagnoses associated with, 482
other sedative-, hypnotic-, or anxiolytic-
induced disorders, 560
sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic intoxication,
556–557sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic use disorder,
550–556
sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic withdrawal,
484, 557–560
unspecified sedative-, hy pnotic-, or anxiolytic-
related disorder, 560
Sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic use disorder,
550–556
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
553
comorbidity with, 555–556
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 554
development and course of, 553–554
diagnostic criteria for, 550–552
diagnostic features of, 552–553
diagnostic markers for, 554–555
differential diagnosis of, 555
functional consequences of, 555
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 554
prevalence of, 553
risk and prognostic factors for, 554
specifiers for, 552
Sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic withdrawal, 484,
557–560


557–560
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 559
diagnostic criteria for, 557–558
diagnostic features of, 558
diagnostic markers for, 559
differential diagnosis of, 559–560
prevalence of, 559
Selective mutism, 189, 195–197
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
195–196
comorbidity with, 197
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 196
development and course of, 196
diagnostic criteria for, 195
diagnostic features of, 195
differential diagnosis of, 197
functional consequences of, 196–197
prevalence of, 196
risk and prognostic factors for, 196
Separation anxiety disorder, 189, 190–195
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 192
comorbidity with, 195
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 193
development and course of, 192–193
diagnostic criteria for, 190–191
diagnostic features of, 191–192
differential diagnosis of, 194–195
functional consequences of, 193–194
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 193
prevalence of, 192
risk and prognostic factors for, 193
suicide risk in, 193


942 Index
Severity measures, 733, 742
Clinician-Rated Dimensions of Psychosis
Symptom Severity, 742–744
frequency of use of, 742
scoring and interpretation of, 742
Sexual abuse
child, 718
nonspouse or nonpartner, 722
spouse or partner, 720
Sexual dysfunctions, 423–450
delayed ejaculation, 423, 424–426
erectile disorder, 423, 426–429
female orgasmic disorder, 423, 429–432
female sexual interest/arousal disorder, 423,
433–437
genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder, 423,
437–440
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
814
male hypoactive sexual desire disorder, 423,
440–443
other specified sexual dysfunction, 423, 450
premature (early) ejaculation, 423, 443–446
substance/medication-induced sexual
dysfunction, 423, 446–450
subtypes of, 423
unspecified sexual dysfunction, 423, 450
Sexual masochism disorder, 685, 694–695
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 694
comorbidity with, 695
development and course of, 695
diagnostic criteria for, 694
diagnostic features of, 694
differential diagnosis of, 695
functional consequences of, 695
prevalence of, 694
Sexual sadism disorder, 685, 695–697
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 696
comorbidity with, 697
development and course of, 697
diagnostic criteria for, 695
diagnostic features of, 696


diagnostic criteria for, 695
diagnostic features of, 696
differential diagnosis of, 697
prevalence of, 696
Shenjing shuairuo,  835–836
Shubo-kyofu,  264
Skin picking. See Excoriation (skin-picking)
disorder
Sleep-related hypoventilation, 387–390
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
387–388
comorbidity with, 389–390
development and course of, 388
diagnostic criteria for, 387
diagnostic features, 387diagnostic markers for, 389
differential diagnosis of, 389
functional consequences of, 389
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 389
prevalence of, 388
relationship to International Classification of
Sleep Disorders, 390
risk and prognostic factors for, 388
subtypes of, 387
Sleep terrors, 399–403. See also  Non–rapid eye
movement sleep arousal disorders
Sleep-wake disorders, 361–422
breathing-related sleep disorders, 361, 378–390
central sleep apnea, 383–386
obstructive sleep ap nea hypopnea, 378–383
sleep-related hypoventilation, 387–390
circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders, 361,
390–398
advanced sleep phase type, 393–394
delayed sleep phase type, 391–392
irregular sleep-wake type, 394–396
non-24-hour sleep-wake type, 396–397
shift work type, 397–398
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
814
hypersomnolence disorder, 361, 368–372
other specified, 421


other specified, 421
unspecified, 421
insomnia disorder, 361, 362–368
other specified, 420
unspecified, 420–421
narcolepsy, 361, 372–378
other specified sleep-wake disorder, 421
parasomnias, 399–410
nightmare disorder, 361, 404–407
non–rapid eye movement sleep arousal
disorders, 361, 399–404
rapid eye movement sleep behavior
disorder, 361, 407–410
relationship to International Classification of
Sleep Disorders, 361–362 ( See also  specific
sleep-wake disorders )
restless legs syndrome, 361, 410–413
substance/medication-induced sleep disorder,
413–420
unspecified sleep-wake disorder, 422
Sleepwalking, 399–403. See also  Non–rapid eye
movement sleep arousal disorders
Smoking. See Tobacco-related disorders
Social anxiety disorder (social phobia), 190,
202–208
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
204
comorbidity with, 208
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 205–206


Index 943
development and course of, 205
diagnostic criteria for, 202–203
diagnostic features of, 203–204
differential diagnosis of, 206–207
functional consequences of, 206
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 204, 206
prevalence of, 204
risk and prognostic factors for, 205
specifiers for, 203
Social (pragmatic) communication disorder, 31,
47–49
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 48
development and course of, 48
diagnostic criteria for, 47–48
diagnostic features of, 48
differential diagnosis of, 49
risk and prognostic factors for, 48
Somatic symptom disorder, 309, 310, 311–315
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
312
comorbidity with, 314–315
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 313
development and course of, 312–313
diagnostic criteria for, 311
diagnostic features of, 311–312
differential diagnosis of, 314
prevalence of, 312
risk and prognostic factors for, 313
Somatic symptoms and related disorders, 309–327
conversion disorder (functional neurological
symptom disorder), 309, 310, 318–321
factitious disorder, 309, 310, 324–326
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
812–813
illness anxiety disorder, 309, 310, 315–318
other specified somatic symptom and related
disorder, 309, 310, 327
psychological factors affecting other medical
conditions, 309, 310, 322–324


conditions, 309, 310, 322–324
somatic symptom disorder, 309, 310, 311–315
unspecified somatic symptom and related
disorder, 309, 310, 327
Specific learning disorder, 32, 66–74
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 70
comorbidity with, 72, 74
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 72–73
development and course of, 70–72
diagnostic criteria for, 66–68
diagnostic features of, 68–70
differential diagnosis of, 73–74
functional consequences of, 73
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 73
prevalence of, 70
recording procedures for, 68
risk and prognostic factors for, 72Specific phobia, 189–190, 197–202
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 199
comorbidity with, 202
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 201
development and course of, 199–200
diagnostic criteria for, 197–198
diagnostic features of, 198–199
differential diagnosis of, 201–202
functional consequences of, 201
prevalence of, 199
risk and prognostic factors for, 200
specifiers for, 198
suicide risk in, 201
Specifiers, 21–22
Specifiers for bipolar and related disorders,
149–154
Specifiers for depressive disorders, 184–188
Speech sound disorder, 31, 44–45
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 44
development and course of, 44–45
diagnostic criteria for, 44
diagnostic features of, 44
differential diagnosis of, 45
Spouse or partner abuse, psychological, 721–722


Spouse or partner abuse, psychological, 721–722
Spouse or partner neglect, 721
Spouse or partner violence
physical, 720
sexual, 720
Stereotypic movement disorder, 32, 77–80
comorbidity with, 80
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 79
development and course of, 79
diagnostic criteria for, 77–78
diagnostic features of, 78–79
differential diagnosis of, 79–80
prevalence of, 79
recording procedures for, 78
risk and prognostic factors for, 79
specifiers for, 78
Stimulant intoxication, 567–569
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 568
diagnostic criteria for, 567–568
diagnostic features of, 568
differential diagnosis of, 568–569
Stimulant-related disorders, 481, 561–570
diagnoses associated with, 482
other stimulant-indu ced disorders, 570
stimulant intoxication, 567–569
stimulant use disorder, 561–567
stimulant withdrawal, 484, 569–570
unspecified stimulant-related disorder, 570
Stimulant use disorder, 561–567
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
563–564
comorbidity with, 566–567


944 Index
Stimulant use disorder (continued)
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 565
development and course of, 564–565
diagnostic criteria for, 561–562
diagnostic features of, 563
diagnostic markers for, 565–566
differential diagnosis of, 566
functional consequences of, 566
prevalence of, 564
risk and prognostic factors for, 565
specifiers for, 563
Stimulant withdrawal, 484, 569–570
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 570
diagnostic criteria for, 569
differential diagnosis of, 570
Stroke, 46, 73, 117
bipolar disorder and, 146, 147
depressive disorders and, 164, 167, 181–182
Stuttering. See Childhood-onset fluency disorder
(stuttering)
Substance-induced disorders, 481, 485–490. See
also specific substances of abuse
alcohol-related, 497–503
caffeine-related, 503–508
cannabis-related, 516–519
hallucinogen-related, 527–533
inhalant-related, 538–540
opioid-related, 546–549
other (or unknown) substance–related, 581–585
sedative-, hypnotic-, or anxiolytic-related,
556–560
substance intoxication and withdrawal, 481,
485–487 ( See also  Intoxication;
Withdrawal from substance)
associated with use of multiple substances,
486
development and course of, 487
duration of effects and, 486
laboratory findings associated with,
486–487
recording procedures for, 487
related to route of administration and


486–487
recording procedures for, 487
related to route of administration and
speed of substance effects, 486
substance/medication-induced mental
disorders, 481, 487–490
development and course of, 489
features of, 488–489
functional consequences of, 490
recording procedures for, 490
tobacco-related, 575–576
Substance intoxication delirium, 596–597, 598
Substance/medication-ind uced anxiety disorder,
190, 226–230
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
228–229diagnostic criteria for, 226–227
diagnostic features of, 228
diagnostic markers for, 229
differential diagnosis of, 229–230
prevalence of, 229
recording procedures for, 227–228
Substance/medication-induced bipolar and
related disorder, 123, 142–145
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 144
comorbidity with, 146
development and course of, 144–145
diagnostic criteria for, 142–143
diagnostic features of, 144
diagnostic markers for, 145
differential diagnosis of, 145
prevalence of, 144
recording procedures for, 143–144
Substance/medication-induced depressive
disorder, 155, 175–180
comorbidity with, 180
development and course of, 178
diagnostic criteria for, 175–176
diagnostic features of, 177–178
diagnostic markers for, 179
differential diagnosis of, 179–180
prevalence of, 178
recording procedures for, 176–177
risk and prognostic factors for, 178–179


risk and prognostic factors for, 178–179
suicide risk in, 179
Substance/medication-induced neurocognitive
disorder, 591, 603, 627–632
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 630
comorbidity with, 632
development and course of, 631
diagnostic criteria for, 627–629
diagnostic features of, 629–630
diagnostic markers for, 631
differential diagnosis of, 631
functional consequences of, 631
prevalence of, 630
recording procedures for, 629
risk and prognostic factors for, 631
Substance/medication-induced obsessive-
compulsive and related disorder, 235, 236,
257–260
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 259
diagnostic criteria for, 257–258
diagnostic features of, 259
differential diagnosis of, 259–260
prevalence of, 259
recording procedures for, 258–259
Substance/medication-induced psychotic
disorder, 89, 110–115
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 113
development and course of, 114


Index 945
diagnostic criteria for, 110–111
diagnostic features of, 112–113
diagnostic markers for, 114
differential diagnosis of, 114–115
functional consequences of, 114
prevalence of, 113
recording procedures for, 112
Substance/medication-induced sexual
dysfunction, 423, 446–450
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
448–449
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 449
development and course of, 449
diagnostic criteria for, 446–447
diagnostic features of, 448
differential diagnosis of, 450
functional consequences of, 450
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 449
prevalence of, 449
recording procedures for, 447–448
Substance/medication-ind uced sleep disorder,
413–420
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
416–418
comorbidity with, 420
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 418
development and course of, 418
diagnostic criteria for, 413–415
diagnostic features of, 416
diagnostic markers for, 419
differential diagnosis of, 419–420
functional consequences of, 419
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 418
recording procedures for, 415–416
relationship to International Classification of
Sleep Disorders, 420
risk and prognostic factors for, 418
Substance-related and addictive disorders,
481–589
gambling disorder, 481, 585–589
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
815
substance-related disorders, 481–585 ( See also
specific substances of abuse )
alcohol-related disorders, 490–503
caffeine-related disorders, 503–509


alcohol-related disorders, 490–503
caffeine-related disorders, 503–509
cannabis-related disorders, 509–519
diagnoses associated with substance class,
482
drug classes in, 481
hallucinogen-related disorders, 520–533
inhalant-related disorders, 533–540
opioid-related disorders, 540–550
other (or unknown) substance–related
disorders, 577–585sedative-, hypnotic- or anxiolytic-related
disorders, 550–560
stimulant-related disorders, 561–570
substance-induced disorders, 481, 485–490
substance use disorders, 481, 483–485,
490–585
tobacco-related disorders, 571–577
Substance use disorders, 481, 483–485
alcohol use disorder, 490–497
caffeine use disorder, 792–795
cannabis use disorder, 509–516
features of, 483–484
inhalant use disorder, 533–538
opioid use disorder, 541–546
other hallucinogen use disorder, 523–527
other (or unknown) substance use disorder,
577–580
phencyclidine use disorder, 520–523
recording procedures for, 485
sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic use disorder,
550–556
severity and specifiers for, 484
stimulant use disorder, 561–567
tobacco use disorder, 571–574
tolerance and withdrawal in, 484
Substance withdrawal delirium, 597, 598–599
Suicidal behavior disorder, 801–803
comorbidity with, 803
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 802


comorbidity with, 803
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 802
development and course of, 802
diagnostic features of, 801–802
diagnostic markers for, 802
functional consequences of, 802
proposed criteria for, 801
specifiers for, 801
Suicide risk
anorexia nervosa and, 343
bipolar I disorder and, 131
bipolar II disorder and, 138
body dysmorphic disorder and, 245
bulimia nervosa and, 349
depressive disorder due to another medical
condition and, 182
depressive episodes with short-duration
hypomania and, 788
disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and,
158
dissociative amnesia and, 300
dissociative identity disorder and, 295
major depressive disorder and, 164, 167
neurobehavioral disorder associated with
prenatal alcohol exposure and, 800
obsessive-compulsive disorder and, 240
opioid use disorder and, 544
other hallucinogen intoxication and, 530


946 Index
Suicide risk (continued)
panic attacks and, 215
panic disorder and, 212
persistent complex bereavement disorder and,
791
posttraumatic stress disorder and, 278
psychotic disorder due to another medical
condition and, 118
schizoaffective disorder and, 109
schizophrenia and, 104
separation anxiety disorder and, 193
specific phobia and, 201
substance/medication-induced depressive
disorder and, 180
Susto,  836–837
Taijin kyofusho,  205, 837
Tardive akathisia, 712
Tardive dyskinesia, 22, 712
Tardive dystonia, 712
Technical terms, glossary of, 817–831
Tic disorders, 32, 81–85
comorbidity with, 83, 85
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 83
development and course of, 83
diagnostic criteria for, 81
diagnostic features of, 81–82
differential diagnosis of, 84
functional consequences of, 84
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 83, 84
other specified tic disorder, 85
prevalence of, 83
risk and prognostic factors for, 83
specifiers for, 81
unspecified tic disorder, 85
Tobacco-related disorders, 481, 571–577
diagnoses associated with, 482
other tobacco-induced disorders, 576
tobacco use disorder, 571–574
tobacco withdrawal, 484, 575–576
unspecified tobacco-related disorder, 577
Tobacco use disorder, 571–574
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 573
comorbidity with, 574


associated features supporting diagnosis of, 573
comorbidity with, 574
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 574
development and course of, 573
diagnostic criteria for, 571–572
diagnostic features of, 572–573
diagnostic markers for, 574
functional consequences of, 574
prevalence of, 573
risk and prognostic factors for, 573–574
specifiers for, 572
Tobacco withdrawal, 484, 575–576
associated features supporting diagnosis of, 575development and course of, 576
diagnostic criteria for, 575
diagnostic features of, 575
diagnostic markers for, 576
differential diagnosis of, 576
functional consequences of, 576
prevalence of, 576
risk and prognostic factors for, 576
Tolerance to substance effects, 484
Tourette’s disorder, 32. See also  Tic disorders
diagnostic criteria for, 81
diagnostic features of, 81–82
functional consequences of, 84
prevalence of, 83
risk and prognostic factors for, 83
Transvestic disorder, 685, 702–704
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
703
comorbidity with, 704
development and course of, 703–704
diagnostic criteria for, 702
diagnostic features of, 703
differential diagnosis of, 704
functional consequences of, 704
prevalence of, 703
specifiers for, 703
Trauma- and stressor-related disorders, 265–290
acute stress disorder, 265, 280–286
adjustment disorders, 265, 286–289
disinhibited social engagement disorder, 265,
268–270


disinhibited social engagement disorder, 265,
268–270
highlights of changes fr om DSM-IV to DSM-5,
812
other specified trauma- and stressor-related
disorder, 289
posttraumatic stress disorder, 265, 271–280
reactive attachment disorder, 265–268
unspecified trauma- and stressor-related
disorder, 290
Traumatic brain injury
bipolar disorder and, 146
depressive disorders and, 181
dissociative amnesia and, 298, 299, 301
hoarding disorder and, 247, 250
major or mild neurocognitive disorder due to,
591, 603, 624–627, 626
associated features supporting diagnosis
of, 625
comorbidity with, 627
development and course of, 625–626
diagnostic criteria for, 624
diagnostic features of, 625
diagnostic markers for, 627
differential diagnosis of, 627
functional consequences of, 627


Index 947
prevalence of, 625
risk and prognostic factors for, 626–627
specifiers for, 625
neurodevelopmental disorders and, 38, 39, 44,
73
psychotic disorders and, 99, 117
severity ratings for, 625, 626
trauma- and stressor-related disorders and,
280, 281, 284, 286
Tremor, medication-induced, 712
Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder), 235, 236,
251–254
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
252
comorbidity with, 254
culture-related diagnostic issues in, 253
development and course of, 253
diagnostic criteria for, 251
diagnostic features of, 251–252
diagnostic markers for, 253
differential diagnosis of, 253–254
functional consequences of, 253
prevalence of, 252
risk and prognostic factors for, 253
Trúng gió,  211, 212
Unspecified mental disorder, 15–16, 19–20, 708
due to another medical condition, 708
Vascular neurocognitive disorder, major or mild,
591, 603, 621–624
associated features supporting diagnosis of,
622
comorbidity with, 624
development and course of, 623
diagnostic criteria for, 621
diagnostic features of, 621–622
diagnostic markers for, 623
differential diagnosis of, 623–624
functional consequences of, 623
prevalence of, 622–623
risk and prognostic factors for, 623Voyeuristic disorder, 685, 686–688
comorbidity with, 688


comorbidity with, 688
development and course of, 688
diagnostic criteria for, 686–687
diagnostic features of, 687
differential diagnosis of, 688
gender-related diagnostic issues in, 688
prevalence of, 687–688
risk and prognostic factors for, 688
specifiers for, 687
Withdrawal from substance, 481, 485–487
alcohol, 499–501
caffeine, 506–508
cannabis, 517–519
delirium due to, 598
development and course of, 487
duration of effects and, 486
laboratory findings associated with, 486–487
multiple substances, 486
opioids, 484, 547–549
other (or unknown) substance, 583–584
recording procedures for, 487
related to route of administration and speed of
substance effects, 486
sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic, 484, 557–560
stimulant, 484, 569–570
tobacco, 484, 575–576
World Health Organization (WHO), 6, 23
International Classification of Diseases  (ICD), 21
revision process for ICD-11, 6, 10, 11–12
use of ICD-9-CM and ICD-10 codes, 12, 16,
22, 23, 29
International Classification of Functioning,
Disability and Health (ICF), 21, 734
World Health Organization Disability Assessment
Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS), 16, 21, 734,
745–748
additional scoring and interpretation guidance
for DSM-5 users, 745–746


additional scoring and interpretation guidance
for DSM-5 users, 745–746
frequency of use of, 746
scoring instructions provided by WHO for, 745