Consumer complaint received 2025-09-17 00:00:00
Product: Credit reporting or other personal consumer reports — Credit reporting
Issue: Credit monitoring or identity theft protection services — Billing dispute for services
Company: EQUIFAX, INC.
State: MI

Complaint narrative:
CFPB Complaint Unauthorized Credit Card Account What happened : A credit card account was opened in my name with XXXX XXXX  without my knowledge, authorization, or consent. I did not apply for, sign for, or approve this account. This constitutes identity theft and unauthorized credit extension under federal law. 

I notified XXXX XXXX  XXXX XXXX that the account is fraudulent. I made it clear I do not wish to prosecute the individual responsible, but I will not assume liability for a debt I never incurred. 

Despite this, XXXX XXXX  has failed to resolve the matter promptly and ethically, leaving me exposed to potential credit harm and collection efforts. 


XXXX XXXX  Legal Issues Involved : 1. Fair Credit Billing Act ( 15 U.S.C. 1643 ) Consumers can not be held liable for unauthorized credit card charges.

2. Fair Credit Reporting Act ( 15 U.S.C. 1681c-2, 1681i ) Furnishers must block fraudulent information upon notice and conduct a reasonable investigation.

3. Truth in Lending Act ( 15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq. ) Unauthorized extensions of credit violate TILA protections.

4. Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ( 15 U.S.C. 1692 et seq. ) Any attempt to collect on this account from me would be unlawful.

5. Federal Trade Commission Act ( 15 U.S.C. 45 ) Continuing to report or collect on a fraudulent account is an unfair and deceptive practice. 


6. Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act ( 15 U.S.C. 6801 ) XXXX XXXX  has a duty to maintain safeguards preventing identity theft. 




XXXX XXXX Ethical Issues : XXXX XXXX  failed to apply proper internal safeguards against fraud in account origination. 

Instead of swiftly confirming I am not responsible, the bank is subjecting me to uncertainty, potential credit damage, and harassment risk. 

This behavior undermines consumer trust and violates the ethical standard of fair dealing expected from a federally regulated financial institution. 



XXXX XXXX What I want : 1. Written confirmation from XXXX XXXX that I am not liable for this debt. 


2. Immediate deletion of all negative credit reporting associated with this fraudulent account.

3. Documentation of the accounts origination records ( application, IP address, phone records, etc. ) for my review.

4. Implementation of stronger safeguards to prevent future fraudulent openings in my name. 

A. Federal Statutes Credit & Lending ( 30 ) 1. Truth in Lending Act ( TILA ), 15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.

2. Fair Credit Billing Act ( FCBA ), 15 U.S.C. 1666.

3. Equal Credit Opportunity Act ( ECOA ), 15 U.S.C. 1691.

4. Fair Credit Reporting Act ( FCRA ), 15 U.S.C. 1681.

5. Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ( FDCPA ), 15 U.S.C. 1692.

6. Credit Repair Organizations Act, 15 U.S.C . 1679.

7. Electronic Fund Transfer Act ( EFTA ), 15 U.S.C. 1693.

8. Identity Theft and Assumption Deterrence Act, 18 U.S.C. 1028.

9. Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act ( FACTA ), Pub. L. 108159.

10. Credit CARD Act of 2009, 15 U.S.C. 1637.

11. Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act ( GLBA ), 15 U.S.C. 6801.

12. Bank Holding Company Act, 12 U.S.C. 1841.

13. Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.

14. Consumer Financial Protection Act, Title X of Dodd-Frank .

15. Federal Reserve Regulation Z ( 12 C.F.R. Part 1026 ).

16. Federal Reserve Regulation B ( 12 C.F.R. Part 1002 ).

17. Federal Reserve Regulation E ( 12 C.F.R. Part 1005 ).

18. Federal Reserve Regulation V ( 12 C.F.R. Part 1022 ).

19. Federal Reserve Regulation AA ( Unfair/Deceptive Acts ).

20. Federal Reserve Regulation P ( Privacy of Consumer Financial Information ).

21. Federal Reserve Regulation X ( RESPA ).

22. OCC regulations ( 12 C.F.R. 7 ).

23. FDIC consumer-protection oversight.

24. Federal Trade Commission Act, 15 U.S.C. 45 ( unfair/deceptive practices ).

25. Bank Secrecy Act ( BSA ), 31 U.S.C. 5311.

26. Right to Financial Privacy Act, 12 U.S.C. 3401.

27. Privacy Act of 1974, 5 U.S.C. 552a.

28. Civil Rights Act, Title VI ( discrimination in lending ).

29. Servicemembers Civil Relief Act ( SCRA ).

30. Bankruptcy Code protections, 11 U.S.C. 362 automatic stay. 

B. Federal Regulatory Bodies & Guidance ( 20 ) 31. CFPB enforcement authority.

32. OCC oversight of national banks. 33. FDIC enforcement powers. 34. Federal Reserve consumer compliance supervision. 35. FTC enforcement of UDAP.

36. FinCEN suspicious activity reporting.

37. DOJ prosecution authority for identity theft.

38. HUD enforcement of ECOA.

39. SEC disclosure rules ( if tied to securities ). 


40. NCUA oversight ( for credit unions, comparisons ).


41. Federal banking ombudsman programs.

42. CFPB Advisory Opinions.

43. CFPB Supervisory Highlights reports.

44. CFPB Circulars on credit reporting obligations. 


45. Interagency Guidelines on Identity Theft Red Flags.

46. Interagency Guidance on Fair Lending.

47. FFIEC examination manuals.

48. OCC Consent Orders against abusive credit practices.

49. CFPB consent decrees.

50. FTC enforcement actions against banks for identity theft failures.

C. Credit Reporting/Identity Theft Protections ( 25 ) 51. FCRA 605 limits on negative reporting.

52. FCRA 609 consumer file disclosure rights.

53. FCRA 611 dispute investigation rights.

54. FCRA 623 furnisher duties.

55. FCRA 615 adverse action notices.

56. FCRA 605B blocking fraudulent tradelines.

57. FACTA 112 fraud alert rights.

58. FACTA 113 credit freeze rights.

59. FACTA 114 red flag guidelines.

60. FACTA truncation requirements for card numbers.

61. Identity Theft Affidavit ( FTC Form 14039 ).

62. Right to place extended fraud alerts.

63. Right to opt out of prescreened credit offers.

64. Right to request all application materials from bank.

65. Right to request recordings of application calls.

66. Right to request IP logs for online applications.

67. Right to damages under FCRA for negligent noncompliance.

68. Right to punitive damages for willful violations.

69. Right to attorneys fees under FCRA.

70. CFPB rules on credit report accuracy.

71. CFPB Bulletin on furnishers obligations.

72. CFPB Bulletin on ID theft resolution.

73. OCC guidance on bank fraud safeguards.

74. Red Flags Rule, 16 C.F.R. 681.

75. Right to sue CRA and furnisher jointly.

D. Consumer Contract & Liability Theories ( 20 ) 76. Fraudulent inducement.

77. Breach of fiduciary duty.

78. Breach of implied covenant of good faith and fair dealing.

79. Negligence in account origination.

80. Negligent misrepresentation.

81. Constructive fraud.

82. Civil conspiracy ( if collusion suspected ).

83. Agency liability ( bank responsible for employees/agents ).

84. Estoppel ( bank cant claim you owe for their failure to vet ).

85. Rescission of fraudulent contract.

86. Unconscionability of enforcing fraudulent account.

87. Void ab initio contract never existed.

88. Conversion ( wrongful assumption of your credit identity ).

89. Invasion of privacy.

90. Breach of statutory duty.

91. Violation of public policy.

92. Consumer fraud statutes ( state UDAP ).

93. Deceptive trade practices statutes.

94. Equitable relief under unjust enrichment.

95. Declaratory judgment action.

E. State-Level Protections ( 20 ) 96. State UDAP ( Unfair/Deceptive Acts & Practices ) laws.

97. State identity theft laws.

98. State credit reporting acts ( e.g., California CCRAA ).

99. State financial privacy laws.

100. State fraud statutes.

101. State constitutional due process rights.

102. State consumer fraud acts.

103. State deceptive advertising acts.

104. State civil penalties for bad faith collections.

105. State banking regulators enforcement authority.

106. State attorney general consumer divisions.

107. State data breach notification laws.

108. State tort of negligent supervision.

109. State tort of negligent hiring.

110. State tort of negligent entrustment.

111. State tort of negligent infliction of emotional distress.

112. State unfair competition laws.

113. State licensing requirements for debt collectors.

114. State lemon laws analogies ( consumer fairness ).

115. State small claims remedies.

F. Litigation & Remedies ( 15 ) 116. Private right of action under FCRA.

117. Private right of action under FDCPA.

118. Class action potential for systemic failures.

119. Treble damages under state consumer protection statutes.

120. Injunctive relief in federal court.

121. Declaratory judgment in state court.

122. Restitution for any credit harm.

123. Emotional distress damages.

124. Reputational damages.

125. Punitive damages.

126. Attorneys fees.

127. Costs of suit.

128. Arbitration challenges ( unconscionability ).

129. Jury trial demand.

130. Equitable estoppel.

G. Procedural/Compliance Failures ( 30 ) 131. Failure to verify identity under KYC ( Know Your Customer ).

132. Failure to comply with Red Flags Rule.

133. Failure to send adverse action notice.

134. Failure to authenticate application signatures.

135. Failure to detect suspicious IP/application origin.

136. Failure to confirm SSN with SSA.

137. Failure to match address history.

138. Failure to match phone records.

139. Failure to confirm prior credit file.

140. Failure to use fraud detection vendors properly.

141. Failure to apply OCC guidance.

142. Failure to apply CFPB circulars.

143. Failure to provide written dispute response in 30 days.

144. Failure to block tradeline within 4 business days ( FCRA 605B ).

145. Failure to provide reinvestigation documentation.

146. Failure to give notice of reinvestigation results.

147. Failure to send billing error acknowledgment ( FCBA ).

148. Failure to maintain reasonable procedures to assure accuracy.

149. Failure to honor consumers fraud affidavit.

150. Failure to mitigate damages once notified.

H. Federal Statutes & Acts Not Yet Mentioned ( 50 ) 151. Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act ( E-SIGN ).

152. Computer Fraud and Abuse Act ( CFAA ), 18 U.S.C. 1030.

153. Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act ( RICO ), 18 U.S.C. 1962.

154. Wire Fraud statute, 18 U.S.C. 1343.

155. Mail Fraud statute, 18 U.S.C. 1341.

156. Bank Fraud statute, 18 U.S.C. 1344.

157. False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. 3729.

158. Sarbanes-Oxley Act, 15 U.S.C. 7201.

159. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, 15 U.S.C. 78dd-1.

160. USA PATRIOT Act, Title III ( anti-money laundering ).

161. Right to Financial Privacy Act ( reinforcement ).

162. Depository Institution Management Interlocks Act.

163. Expedited Funds Availability Act.

164. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standards ( PCI DSS ).

165. CAN-SPAM Act ( if digital application notices were misleading ).

166. Telephone Consumer Protection Act ( TCPA ).

167. Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act ( COPPA, if minors identity at risk ).

168. Digital Millennium Copyright Act ( misuse of digital identity parallels ).

169. Magnuson-Moss Warranty Act ( consumer contract parallels ).

170. Federal Arbitration Act ( limitations ).

171. Real ID Act ( identity validation failures ).

172. False Statements Act, 18 U.S.C. 1001.

173. 12 U.S.C. 24 ( incidental powers of banks, limits ).

174. 12 U.S.C. 1818 ( FDIC enforcement ).

175. 12 U.S.C. 1829 ( prohibited affiliations with criminals ).

176. 12 U.S.C. 1831p-1 ( safety & soundness standards ).

177. 18 U.S.C. 1956 ( money laundering ).

178. 18 U.S.C. 1957 ( monetary transactions with criminal proceeds ).

179. Federal Criminal Identity Theft Statute, 18 U.S.C. 1028A.

180. Stored Communications Act, 18 U.S.C. 2701.

181. Computer Security Act of 1987.

182. Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act ( CISA ).

183. E-Government Act ( privacy impact assessments ).

184. Digital Identity Guidelines ( NIST SP 800-63 ).

185. Anti-Tying Restrictions, 12 U.S.C. 1972.

186. Bank Holding Company Act Amendments of 1970.

187. Garn-St. Germain Depository Institutions Act.

188. Competitive Equality Banking Act.

189. FDIC Improvement Act.

190. Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act ( FIRREA ).

191. Community Reinvestment Act ( CRA ).

192. Home Mortgage Disclosure Act ( HMDA, parallels in reporting ).

193. National Bank Act.

194. Federal Reserve Act.

195. Securities Act of 1933 ( disclosure parallels ).

196. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ( anti-fraud provisions ).

197. Investment Advisers Act of 1940 ( fiduciary parallels ).

198. Investment Company Act of 1940.

199. Commodity Exchange Act.

200. Clayton Antitrust Act.

I. Case Law & Precedents ( 30 ) 201. XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX ( usury, banking authority ). 


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J. Administrative Codes & Banking Standards ( 40 ) 231. 12 C.F.R. Part 30 OCC safety & soundness.

232. 12 C.F.R. Part 34 Real estate lending standards.

233. 12 C.F.R. Part 226 TILA.

234. 12 C.F.R. Part 1022 FCRA.

235. 12 C.F.R. Part 1005 EFTA.

236. 12 C.F.R. Part 1002 ECOA.

237. 12 C.F.R. Part 1026 Regulation Z.

238. 12 C.F.R. Part 1029 Prepaid accounts.

239. 12 C.F.R. Part 7 Bank powers.

240. 12 C.F.R. Part 21 Bank security procedures.

241. 12 C.F.R. Part 30 Appendix A Internal controls.

242. 12 C.F.R. Part 353 FDIC incident reporting.

243. 12 C.F.R. Part 208 Fed member banks.

244. 12 C.F.R. Part 225 Bank Holding Companies.

245. 12 C.F.R. Part 229 Check collection rules.

246. 12 C.F.R. Part 370 Recordkeeping.

247. 31 C.F.R. Part 1010 BSA requirements.

248. 31 C.F.R. Part 1020 Customer identification.

249. 31 C.F.R. Part 1022 MSB rules.

250. 31 C.F.R. Part 1023 Broker-dealer rules.

251. 31 C.F.R. Part 1024 Mutual funds.

252. 31 C.F.R. Part 1025 Insurance companies.

253. 31 C.F.R. Part 1026 Futures commission merchants.

254. 31 C.F.R. Part 1027 Dealers in precious metals.

255. 31 C.F.R. Part 1029 Loan or finance companies.

256. OCC Comptrollers Handbook on Consumer Compliance.

257. OCC Comptrollers Handbook on Fair Lending.

258. OCC Bulletin 2013-29 ( third-party risk ).

259. OCC Bulletin 2020-10 ( COVID fraud risks ).

260. FFIEC IT Examination Handbook.

261. FFIEC Cybersecurity Assessment Tool.

262. FFIEC Identity Theft Red Flags guidance.

263. FFIEC Fair Lending Exam Procedures.

264. FFIEC Consumer Compliance Handbook.

265. NIST SP 800-30 ( risk management ).

266. NIST SP 800-53 ( controls ).

267. NIST Cybersecurity Framework.

268. ISO 27001 ( information security ).

269. ISO 22301 ( resilience ).

270. Basel III banking standards.

K. Remedies, Doctrines & Tort Angles ( 30 ) 271. Restatement ( Second ) of Torts 552 ( misrepresentation ).

272. Restatement ( Second ) of Contracts 163 ( fraud in factum ).

273. Restatement ( Third ) of Agency ( principal liability ).

274. Doctrine of Unclean Hands.

275. Doctrine of Laches ( delay harms consumer ).

276. Doctrine of Estoppel.

277. Doctrine of Ratification ( bank ratified fraud ).

278. Doctrine of Novation ( fraudulent substitution ).

279. Tort of Outrage 280. Prima facie tort.

281. Intrusion upon seclusion.

282. Public disclosure of private facts.

283. False light.

284. Appropriation of name/likeness.

285. Negligence per se ( statute violation = negligence ).

286. Strict liability ( consumer credit fraud context ).

287. Fiduciary duty ( banks as trusted intermediaries ).

288. Fiduciary fraud.

289. Constructive notice failures.

290. Breach of contract.

291. Breach of implied contract.

292. Failure to mitigate damages.

293. Punitive damages in tort.

294. Exemplary damages under statutes.

295. Emotional distress damages.

296. Injunction to stop reporting.

297. Declaratory judgment of non-liability.

298. Quiet title to credit file.

299. Unjust enrichment.

300. Civil theft claims.

L. International & Comparative ( 30 ) 301. GDPR ( General Data Protection Regulation, EU ).

302. UK Data Protection Act.

303. Canadian Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act ( PIPEDA ).

304. Canadian Consumer Reporting Act. 


XXXX. XXXX Privacy Act. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX ( XXXX ). 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX Requirements Regulation. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX of XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX for XXXX XXXX of Operational Risk. 


XXXX. XXXX consumer protection principles. 


XXXX. XXXX guidelines for financial consumer protection. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX for Consumer Protection. 


XXXX. XXXX High-Level Principles on Financial Consumer Protection. 


XXXX. XXXX Recommendations ( anti-money laundering ). 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX directive. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXXXXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX 


XXXX. XXXX consumer financial law ( CONDUSEF ). 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX ( privacy law ). 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX on XXXX of XXXX XXXX. 


XXXX. XXXX XXXX XXXX law. 

XXXX XXXX XXXX XXXX ( XXXX ) XXXX. Right to notice of credit denial ( ECOA ). 


332. Right to obtain free credit reports annually.

333. Right to security freeze on file.

334. Right to file identity theft reports.

335. Right to damages under state constitutions.

336. Right to enforce federal supremacy clause.

337. Right to petition state AG.

338. Right to petition state banking commissioner.

339. Right to petition state consumer affairs.

340. Right to arbitration ( if favorable ).

341. Right to reject arbitration.

342. Right to jury trial.

343. Right to discovery of application docs.

344. Right to compel production.

345. Right to subpoena bank employees.

346. Right to depose compliance officers.

347. Right to adverse inference for spoliation.

348. Right to evidentiary sanctions.

349. Right to statutory penalties under FCRA.

350. Right to statutory penalties under FDCPA.

351. Right to statutory penalties under ECOA.

352. Right to statutory penalties under TILA.

353. Right to statutory penalties under EFTA.

354. Right to statutory penalties under GLBA.

355. Right to actual damages.

356. Right to consequential damages.

357. Right to treble damages.

358. Right to equitable estoppel.

359. Right to rescission.

360. Right to reformation.

361. Right to void fraudulent contracts.

362. Right to equitable lien removal.

363. Right to declaratory relief.

364. Right to preliminary injunction.

365. Right to permanent injunction.

366. Right to protective orders.

367. Right to confidentiality orders.

368. Right to sanctions.

369. Right to contempt orders.

370. Right to expungement of credit tradelines.

371. Right to removal of collection references.

372. Right to file criminal complaint.

373. Right to demand criminal referral.

374. Right to restitution.

375. Right to attorneys fees.

376. Right to costs of suit.

377. Right to punitive damages.

378. Right to exemplary damages.

379. Right to statutory multipliers.

380. Right to appeal.

N. Emerging Areas & Pressure Points ( 20 ) 381. Algorithmic bias in credit scoring.

382. AI/ML risk under CFPB guidance.

383. Dark patterns in digital applications.

384. Cybersecurity negligence.

385. Vendor liability ( third-party processors ).

386. Cloud data storage failures.

387. Biometric identity misuse.

388. Digital wallet fraud.

389. Cryptocurrency exposure in banking regs.

390. Fintech partnership liability.

391. Embedded finance risks.

392. BNPL ( buy now pay later ) consumer protections.

393. Student loan servicing parallels.

394. Payday lending enforcement parallels.

395. Subprime auto lending parallels.

396. Mortgage servicing failures parallels.

397. Data broker regulation parallels.

398. Social Security Administration cross-checks.

399. IRS Identity Protection PIN parallels. 


400. CFPBs UDAAP ( Unfair, Deceptive, Abusive Acts & Practices ) authority. 


1. No Contract = No Liability You never signed, consented, or authorized this account. Under contract law, no agreement means no enforceable debt.

2. Truth in Lending Act ( TILA, 15 U.S.C. 1601 et seq. ) Creditors can only hold you responsible for charges you actually authorized. Unauthorized accounts = zero liability.

3. Fair Credit Billing Act ( FCBA, 15 U.S.C. 1666 ) Protects you from being billed for accounts you didnt open and charges you didnt make.

4. Fair Debt Collection Practices Act ( FDCPA, 15 U.S.C. 1692 ) Any attempt to collect a debt not owed is a violation. If XXXX XXXX  or its agents push this, theyre exposed. 


5. GrammLeachBliley Act ( GLBA, 15 U.S.C. 6801 ) They failed their duty to protect your non-public personal information if someone was able to open an account in your name.

6. Fair Credit Reporting Act ( FCRA, 15 U.S.C. 1681 et seq. ) They can not legally furnish inaccurate information to credit bureaus. Reporting this account under your name is a statutory violation.

7. FTC Red Flags Rule ( 16 C.F.R. 681.2 ) Banks must detect and respond to identity theft indicators. Failure to block an unauthorized account is a compliance failure.

8. Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act ( E-SIGN, 15 U.S.C. 7001 ) Any alleged digital signature must be tied directly to you and verifiable. If not, its worthless.

9. Uniform Commercial Code ( UCC 3-401 & 3-403 ) Youre not liable for instruments ( credit agreements ) you didnt sign.

10. State Consumer Protection Laws Every state has deceptive practices statutes ( UDAP ). Billing you for someone elses account is per se deceptive.

-- - Ethical Grounds 11. Unjust Enrichment U.S. Bank profits by forcing debt onto someone who never benefited. Immoral.

12. Good Faith & Fair Dealing Implied in every contract. They breached it by trying to enforce a contract that never existed.

13. Duty of Care A banks job is to safeguard, not weaponize, your identity.

14. Corporate Responsibility Big banks advertise trust while pushing phantom debts. Hypocrisy.

15. Restorative Justice Youve been harmed by reputational and financial risk. They owe you, not the other way around.

-- - Practical / Creative Angles 16. No Benefit Received Debt law requires an exchange of value. You received nothing.

17. Failure to Verify They didnt follow KYC ( Know Your Customer ) standards. Their negligence is their loss.

18. Fraud Risk Allowing this account undermines the financial system. Theyd rather chase you than fix their hole.

19. Reputation Risk Public exposure of wrongful billing could cost them far more than canceling a bogus debt. 


20. Precedent Courts routinely throw out phantom debt cases. XXXX XXXX  knows this. 



XXXX XXXX Candidate for United States House of Representatives Michigan XXXX XXXX.

Company response to consumer: Closed with non-monetary relief