Legal Document

389 U.S. 235 88 Supreme Court Reporter 362 19 United States Reports Lawyer’s Edition 2d Series KF101.8 U54 438 Minnie E. NASH, Petitioner,v.FLORIDA INDUSTRIAL COMMISSION et al. Number 48. Argued Nov. 9, 1967. Decided Dec. 5, Michael or Haw. Hawai‘i KFH45 A2 Gottesman, Washington, D.C., for petitioner. Glenn L. Greene, Jr. respondents. Mr. Justice BLACK delivered the opinion of Court. 1 Section 10 National Labor Relations Act, 49 Statutes-at-Large 453, as amended, lations Board to initiate unfair labor 29 Code KF62 § 160, authorizes practice proceedings whenever some person charges that another has committed such practices. The cannot start a proceeding without charge being filed with it. See e.g., versus Licorice Co., 104 Federal Reporter, 2nd 655 (C.A.2d Cir.), modified on other grounds 309 350, 60 569, 84 L.Ed. 799; Local 138, Operating Engineers (Skura), 148 N.L.R.B. 679, 681. crucial question presented here is whether State can refuse pay its unemployment insurance persons solely because they have preferred against their former employer. 2 facts are stipulated and need not be stated at length. petitioner, Mrs. Nash, who previously had been out strike her employer, Stanley Works Building Specialties, was, pursuant union-management agreement, reinstated job April 14, 1965. Approximately five weeks later, May 16, 1965, she was laid off by company alleged 'slow production,' meaning insufficient work warrant retention. Nash unemployed from this time until October when voluntarily called back work. She allowed compensation, under Florida Statutes, chapter 443, F.S.A., discharge up June 17, but denied any compensation 17 5. reason given denial an employer seeking reinstatement ground actually union activities in violation still pending resumed In making ruling Industrial Commission relied 443.06 Unemployment Compensation Law, F.S.A. which provides: 3 'An individual shall disqualified (unemployment) benefits * (4) For week respect commission finds his total partial due dispute active progress exists factory, establishment premises he last employed *.' 4 held filing brought petitioner within wording Act 'unemployment' then became 'due dispute.' Thus sole charge. According Commission, act determinative factor law rendered ineligible compensation. District Appeal Florida, Third District, per curiam petitioner's application writ certiorari review determinations Review. Since apparently precludes further state review,1 we granted important constitutional involved, specifically Commission's violates Supremacy Clause Constitution (Art. VI. cl. 2) it allegedly 'frustrates' enforcement 449, 151 seq.2 5 comprehensive code passed Congress regulate relations affecting interstate foreign commerce. As course land no modify repeal. Implementation dependent upon initiative must, done here, invoke sanctions through charge.3 made clear wishes all information about practices completely free coercion reporting them Board. This shown adoption 8(a)(4) makes discriminate employee charges. John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Board, 89 U.S.App.D.C. 261, 263—264, 191 483, 485—486; Lamar Creamery 246 8, 9—10 (C.A.5th Cir.); Syracuse Stamping 208 77, 80 Cir.). And unlawful seek restrain exercise right file Clearfield Cheese 213 70 (C.A.3d Gibbs Corp., 308 247 Roberts 121 297, 350 427. 6 We doubt coercive actions forbids employers unions take likewise prohibited taken States. action like forbidden engage in, direct tendency frustrate purpose leave people make applied Law so believes wrongly discharged two choices: (1) may keep quiet receive new (2) charge, thus procedure surrendering risk financial ruin if litigation protracted. Even hope future award mean little man modest means heavy responsibilities faced immediate severance sustaining funds. It appears obvious us burden imposes will impede resort thwart congressional reliance action. A national system implementation country's policies law. should permitted defeat handicap valid objective threatening withdraw simply cooperate Government's plan.4 7 holding case conflicts follow unbroken rule come down years. 8 McCulloch Maryland, Wheat. 316, 436, decided 1819, declared devoid power 'to retard, impede, burden, manner control, operations laws enacted carry into execution powers vested general government.' Davis Elmira Savings Bank, 161 275, 16 502, 40 700 1896, stand 'either frustrates legislation impairs efficiency those agencies government duties, performance were created.' U.S., 283, s.Ct., 503. again Hill ex rel. Watson, 325 538, 542—543, 65 1373, 1375, 1782, 1945, struck regulation saying stood "as obstacle accomplishment full purposes objectives Congress. *" 542, S.Ct., 1375. 9 All cases just cited many more support our invalidation applied. Reversed. 11 MARSHALL took part consideration decision case. seems lacks jurisdiction appeal consider denials Appeal. Callendar State, Fla., 181 So.2d 529. While true district court certify 'of great public interest' Court, appeal's own motion, although litigants suggestion particular certified, 'no legal effect.' Whitaker Jacksonville Expressway Authority, 131 22 (1st D.C.App.Fla. 1961). Thus, impossible say call review. these circumstances, therefore unable highest wherein could required 28 1257(3). Because disposition grounds, alternative argument privileges immunities citizenship contravention Fourteenth Amendment. Although 10(a) empowers prevent practices, protect employees' rights, 10(b) conditions charges; processes. Respondents suggest might enjoy windfall paid subsequently awarded unresponsive issue dispute, however, since recoup payments during period covered back-pay award. Gullett Gin 340 361, 365, n. 1, 71 337, 340, 95 337.

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