Legal Document

394 U.S. 831 89 Supreme Court Reporter 1498 23 United States Reports Lawyer’s Edition 2d Series KF101.8 U54 16 Russell T. HALLIDAYv.UNITED STATES. Number 642, Misc. Decided May 5, 1969. Rehearing Denied June 16, See 395 971, 2106. Laurence M. Johnson, for petitioner. Solicitor General Griswold, assistant Attorney Vinson, Jerome Feit and Mervyn Hamburg, the States. PER CURIAM. 1 The motion to proceed in forma pauperis is granted. petition a writ of certiorari also granted, limited one issue: Should petitioner's conviction be reversed because District Judge who accepted his guilty plea failed comply with Rule 11 Federal Rules Criminal Procedure? In our recent decision McCarthy versus States, 459, 1166, 22 418, we held that when violation defendant must afforded an opportunity plead anew. Petitioner's was entered 1954. question decide, therefore, whether should applied pleas prior date decision. We hold it not. 2 After evidentiary hearing on October 17, 1967, set aside sentence under 28 Code KF62 § 2255 denied by Massachusetts. Appeals First Circuit affirmed per curiam. Although acknowledged had not complied plea, he entitled relief 'ample evidence' supported Court's finding Government met its burden demonstrating petitioner voluntarily understanding nature charges against him. 3 deciding apply newly adopted constitutional rulings retroactively, have considered three criteria: (1) purpose new rule; (2) extent reliance upon old (3) effect retroactive application would administration justice. E.g., Desist 244, 1030, 248; Stovall Denno, 388 293, 87 18 1199 (1967); Johnson New Jersey, 384 719, 86 1772, 882 (1966). took care note holding based solely grounds. Nevertheless, appropriate analyze decision's retroactivity terms same criteria employed determine constitutionally grounded decisions depart from precedent retroactively. Linkletter Walker, 381 618, 622—629, 85 1731, 1733—1737, 14 601 (1965). 4 rule has two purposes: insure every pleads 11's procedural safeguards, which are designed facilitate determination voluntariness plea; provide complete record at time factors relevant this determination, thereby facilitating more expeditious disposition post-conviction attack plea. Unquestionably, strict compliance enhances reliability retroactively rules criminal procedure correct 'serious flaws fact-finding process trial.' supra, 298, 1970. However, whose been without full may still resort remedies plea's voluntariness. Thus, if McCarthy, remedy defects conviction. Cf. 730, 1779. And as pointed out Stovall, 'condemned practice infects integrity truth-determining * weighed justified standards impact justice.' noted were requiring previously followed only Circuit; over 85% all convictions federal courts obtained pursuant pleas; amendment, district judges personally questioned defendants before accepting their pleas. view general manner inconsistent large number valid 11, decline those after April 2, 1969, anew 11. 5 Accordingly, judgment affirmed. 6 Affirmed. 7 Mr. Justice HARLAN, concurring result. 8 announced no or doctrine. That decision, matter first impression Court, merely interpreted Procedure, amended effective July 1, 1966, strictly according terms. & N Dec. Immigration Nationality Decisions see reason why other prisoners plain requirements deprived accorded McCarthy. generally my dissent 256, 1037, 248. therefore se enunciated 1966. 9 While requires trial judge follow specific procedures guilty, promulgated very purpose, Notes Advisory Committee Rules, pre-1966 'substantially restatement existing law practice,' ibid., required 'determine' made 'voluntarily charge,' without, however, specifying making determination. proceeding, relied circumstances surrounding inquiry findings, conclude understandingly given. 10 agree court below absence explicit sometimes entitle subsequent hearing, 2255, fact understandingly. wholly inexplicit directives rule, believe such suffices, automatically case 1966 rule—the situation 1954, made. Petitioner moved vacate 274 F.Supp. 737, 738—739 (1967), Appeals, Reporter, 2nd 149 (1968), determined 'the sustained showing Halliday changed did understand him voluntarily, awareness consequences change plea.' 12 On basis these any theory nonretroactivity affirm. 13 BLACK, whom DOUGLAS joins, dissenting. do there discussion Term interpreting Procedure. If rule's portions force then course enforced case; not, simply here all. For others dissenting opinion 640, 1743, (1965), reverse order vacated so again.

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