Legal Document

375 U.S. 150 84 Supreme Court Reporter 224 11 United States Reports Lawyer’s Edition 2d Series KF101.8 U54 217 CHICAGO & EASTERN ILLINOIS RAILROAD CO. et al.v.UNITED STATES al. Number 275. of the December 2, 1963 Richard M. Freeman and Federal KF105 F3 Vesper, for appellants. Solicitor General Cox, Assistant Attorney Orrick, Lionel Kestenbaum, Elliott or Haw. Hawai‘i KFH45 A2 Moyer, Robert W. Ginnane Stanton Pacific KF135 P2 Sender, Interstate Commerce Commission. Judge Murphy, John Hanifin Bierma, rail carrier appellees. PER CURIAM. 1 The motion to add Baltimore Ohio Railroad Company al., as parties appellee, is granted. motions affirm are granted judgment affirmed. 2 Mr. Justice BLACK, with whom DOUGLAS concurs, dissenting. 3 In Transportation Act 1940 Congress amended authorize Commission regulate rates interstate water carriers well railroads motor carriers. 54 Statutes-at-Large 929, 49 Code KF62 § 901 seq. At time was passed there active opposition in from those who feared that exercising power it would be too 'railroad-minded.' Cong.Rec. 5965; see also id., at 5880—5883. For this reason, pointed out commission versus Mechling, 330 567, 574—577, 67 894, 897—899, 91 L.Ed. 1102, Inland Waterways Corp., 319 671, 692, 63 1296, 1307, 87 1655 (dissenting opinion), draftsmen legislation specifically wrote into 'National Policy,' 899, preceding 1, making explicit command should a 'fair impartial regulation all modes transportation subjec provisions Act, so administered recognize preserve inherent advantages each.' Mechling case, decided 1947, several times recent years District Courts have had protect inland barge lines action which frustrated intent secure them benefit their low-cost mode carriage. See generally Arrow company Southern R. Co., 372 658, 673, 83 984, 992, 10 52 opinion). Sometimes has used procedural delaying devices deny advantage over railroads, States, 176 F.Supp. 411 (D.C.N.D.Ala.), aff'd sub nom. State Corporation 361 353, 80 406, 4 3621 again, taken away through 'the device joint rate allowed by but denied water,' Dixie Carriers, Inc., 351 56, 59, 76 578, 580, 100 934. Sometimes, present resorted use inadequate obscure findings fact. See, e.g., 1102; Barge Lines, 368 324, 331, 82 337, 341, 7 317 opinion).2 And been when railroad challenged later found unlawful permitted take effect because long delay passing upon unlawfulness.3 Therefore may significant instance large Eastern without finding basic facts support its conclusion, disallowed non-compensatory proposed small line give shippers coal West Virginia eastern Kentucky Chicago appreciably less than charged same haul. 315 I.C.C. 129. doing denies ths right ship division $2.04 per ton barge-rail leaves no alternative, if wants business, accept $1.66 substantially identical haul combination one railroads. report an impression order may, violation congressional will, nullified cooperating railroad. It true clearly ultimate fact noncompensatory, set forth series figures said represented elements cost added together obtain figure 5.6 cents higher rate. N Dec. Immigration Nationality Decisions checked Commission's addition, find correct. But turn what accuracy these figures, any illusory clarity vanishes. examined care am capable effort determine whether conclusion supported substantial evidence. compelled say could informed me just written so-called ancient Sanskrit. get more enlightenment law left standing on legal assumption, plainly erroneous under decisions shall point out, enough, Nor labored inconsistent efforts government counsel successful transforming 'findings' meaningful English. Nevertheless, our approves both ruling even permitting proponents heard oral argument. While such summary treatment often warranted,4 constrained case unjustified direct appeal authorized, 28 1253, never treated lightly since makes ours only existing court review. sorry not chosen write opinion affirmance. must admit myself task impossible attempt embarrassing. 5 Summary affirmance particularly place here proceeded incorrect assumption law, contrary face Administrative Procedure which, being approved here, apparently overrules previous Court. ruled required evidentiary supporting conclusions.' With contrast requirement 8(b) 1007(b), '(a)ll * include statement (1) conclusions, reasons basis therefor, material issues *.' Contrast statements '(fi)ndings based evidence embrace needed sustain order,' Morgan 298 468, 480, 56 906, 911, 1288, '(w)e repeatedly emphasized need completeness essential administrative orders rest.' Colorado-Wyoming Gas Power Comm'n, 324 626, 634, 65 850, 854, 89 1235. also, Atchison, T. S.F.R. 295 193, 201—202, 55 748, 752, 79 1382; Florida 282 194, 215, 51 119, 125, 75 291. 6 insufficiency made clearer circumstances case. Illinois Railroad, appellant operates southern Indiana town Mount Vernon, River, steel plants area. Most shipped steelmaking comes area intervening appellees, although authorized §§ 3(4), 15(3) 15(4) 24 380, 384, amended, 15(3), 15(4), refused establish line. Some ago C&EI filed tariff hauling came Vernon barge. roads protested. approve lower $2.045 ton, C&EI's 1957 cost. 308 87; 310 181. then turned River Company, operating down mines established $3.36, railroad's share $2.04. saved paperwork expense weighing transferred barges. were charging $4.75 all-rail shipment. swiftly demanded ICC aside rate, claiming below therefore illegal 1(5) 379, 1(5). Both presented averages each step operation. There disputes many factual points, smoke cleared emerged own unlike either party, though did make clear, else my tell, exactly why. simply up mysteriously produced, sum $3.416, held Review produced some embarrassment, briefs demonstrate crystal-clarity findings; however, respective explanations how arrived figur part inconsistent. 8 One example suffice puzzling nature upheld. Representatives testified trains would, instead switched weighed they before tariff, pass switching yard stopping except perhaps change crews. contended total costs switching, before. finally charge weighing, cars same. Why going explained. No witness party suggested thing. This alone accounts 4.2 relied invalidate tariff. record reveals other disputes, resolved analysis, inattention whimsy can tell. lawyers urged way justifying charge, really didn't difference bring level fact, Commission, 'could met requirements accepting toto protestants' figures'; effect, purpose hearing were, rather produce setting justify conclusion. Heretofore thought agencies sustained unless record. Universal Camera National Labor Relations Board, 340 474, 71 456, 95 456. Yet tell cannot figures? 'We know decision means duty becomes wrong.' Chicago, M., St. P.R. 294 499, 511, 462, 467, 1023. Explicit result seem called where earlier protesting initial like bear burden proving rate's invalidity. Cotton New Orleans, 751; Bay Milling Great Lakes Transit 43 338. strikes reviewing courts will please trust good so. 9 Furthermore, 581—583, 901—902, we general formulas unsifted findings. admits basing much 1959 annual operations, leaving unanswered unrebutted protests incurs routes applicable Vernon-Chicago run. increased 2.9% theory expenses amount during year between hearing. stated increase period. protested comparison reports showed been, national average, decreasing slightly, argued apparent continued decrease, however might increased. fond 'trending factor' seems included segment well, explaini g supposed labor equipment necessarily accompanied also. unable grasp logic determined increases rails maintenance rolling stock Company's barges expensive operate. appears ignored commands succeeded great injury dared willingly cooperate another transport, do, profit thereby public. asks us believe schemed carry operation lose money, losing greater sums hauled, presumably hope living capital until driven business companies York Central Pennsylvania. difficult proposition accept, explain plain understandable English reached Unfortunately, stands not. requiring comply least sufficiently acts reviewed, Brethren silently think completely mandate past emphatic holdings. seeks rubber stamp orders. do role. If disposition order, reversal appropriate judgment. '* (W)e remiss note eight plaintiffs seeking relief proceeding discriminatory Act. Section 10(e) provides 'shall compel agency unlawfully withheld unreasonably delayed.' application statutory provision, entitled prompt presently effect. remanded instructions enter prescribing lawful, reasonable, nondiscriminatory 421. 'The formula lumps grain rates, irrespective services rendered, rail-carried preferred barge-carried grain, indistinguishable cause consequence directly raises relieve competition. event, showing much, any, 3-cent reshipping attributable ex-barge requires terminal service average does ex-rail grain.' 582, 901. unfolding episode seen litigation, suddenly cut shipments Southeast half. Although subsequently probably put competing short time, still after seven months statute went history Civil 10,224 Aug. 3, 1962 (denying, lack jurisdiction, injunction rates); 36 (in chambers) (extending circuit judges temporarily restraining v Reporter, 2nd 181 (C.A.5th Cir.) (affirming Court); (restraining pending Grain Multiple-Car Shipments—River Crossings South, Division 318 641 (upholding part); Appeals, effect). short, waited 17 taking protest lines, destroy lines. nearly six full reconsideration unlawful. I. S. Docket 7656, July 1963, 321 582. remain today, obtained lastest order. Cincinnati, N.O. T.P.R. 220 46 (D.C.S.D.Ohio). Douglas, Its Case Load, 45 Cornell L.Q. 401.

Classification Label: 8