Document: 338 U.S. 552 70 S.Ct. 317 94 L.Ed. 335 BRYANv.UNITED STATES. No. 178. Argued Dec. 13—14, 1949. Decided Jan. 16, 1950. Rehearing Denied Feb. 13, See 957, 491. Mr. Carl J. Batter, Washington, D.C., for petitioner. Miss Melva M. Graney, respondent. Justice MINTON delivered the opinion of Court. 1 The important question presented upon this record is whether Court Appeals, when it reverses District because evidence not sufficient to sustain a conviction, may direct new trial where defendant had made all proper and timely motions acquittal in 2 Petitioner was convicted two counts an attempt evade income-tax laws sentenced years' imprisonment on one count pay fine ten thousand dollars other. At close Government's case petitioner moved judgment acquittal, motion renewed at conclusion evidence. A verdict guilty returned, within five days further or alternative trial. These were denied. On appeal reversed insufficient verdict. 175 F.2d 223. Appeals remanded with directions grant amend 'conform Rule 29(a) Federal Rules Criminal Procedure (18 U.S.C.A.),' alleging that should have been entered. This 3 We granted certiorari examine power under circumstances case. 813, 69. 4 extent federal appellate courts enter reversing remanding cases arising lower has defined by statutes from inception our system courts. By Judiciary Act September 24, 1789, Stat. 85, Supreme given statutory authority, review judgment, order such proceedings 'as district court rendered passed.' Ballew v. United States, 160 187, 198—199, 16 263, 40 388. In 1872 'direct decree, be rendered, inferior as justice require.' 17 196—97. Our authority render require' continued those terms until revision Judicial Code 1948. R.S. § 701, Old Title 28 U.S.C. 876. exercised where, writ error Court, ground Wiborg 163 632, 1127, 41 289. Likewise Clyatt 197 207, 25 429, 49 726, Fifth Circuit, directed held conviction. similar defendants discharged. France 164 676, 219, 595. 5 practice Courts roughly parallel When Circuit established 1891, provided reversal 'cause shall * there taken pursuance determination.' 26 829, 877.1 Under provision insufficiency numerous cases, although First Circuit: Enrique Rivera 57 816; Third States Di Genova, 134 466; Russo, 123 420; Ridenour 14 888; Eithth Pines 825; Scoggins 255 F. 825, A.L.R. 1093; Ninth Buhler 33 382; Tenth Leslie 43 288. same authority2 several discharge dismissal indictment Second Bonanzi, 570; Romano 9 522; Sixth Cemonte 89 362; Klee 53 58. Since went into effect March 21, 1946, three entered evidence, relying least part 29.3 Bozza, 155 2d 592; Renee Ice Cream Co., 353; Seventh Gardner, 171 753; Karn 158 568.4 6 revised 1948 provisions 876 877 relating remand dovetailed single section, 2106, U.S.C.A. 2106,5 providing: 7 'The any other jurisdiction affirm, modify, vacate, set aside reverse lawfully brought before review, cause entry appropriate order, require just circumstances.' statute first time out identical language section. That coextensive 'such broad 877. As detailed above, trials matter course sections. 8 It petitioner's position previous abrogated advent Procedure, especially (b).6 argues must give would required award ruled correctly. Government failed make prima facie case, he claims entitled 29 finds contends applies itself compelled decided are 'Rules States.' defines their scope, stating 'These rules govern procedure included list specified 54(a)(1) which apply. obvious, nevertheless, some relevant only preliminary prior appeal. Rule, referring solely conduct Courts. made. office rule motion. hold 'court' referred Consequently does affect, either add detract from, 10 Of determine observed If erred properly applied law remand. But remands, control its look defining power, guidance kind enter. 11 thus reach direction 'appropriate' 'just' therefore authorized whether, contends, mandatory acquittal. Whether without meet requirements us. 12 previously stated, often enactment 2106. apparently believed served granting stated (175 229): majority thinking defect might supplied another had.' And judge vigorously dissented original thought amply supported 13 remedies sought. He gave opportunity after correct failing his claimed assigned agree Petitioner's contention him stand again place twice jeopardy persuasive. sought obtained assigning number alleged errors appeal, including denial '* accused successfully seeks no double trial.' Francis Resweber, 329 459, 462, 67 374, 375, 91 422. Trono 199 521, 533 534, 121, 124, 50 292, Ann.Cas. 773. 15 Affirmed. BLACK REED affirm modification decide ordered. means conformable specific legal limitations. limitation found 29. determination acquit rests Cone West Virginia Pulp & Paper 330 212, 752, 849. DOUGLAS took consideration decision succeeding section existing methods regulate appeals writs judges 'the powers duties allowance error, conditions allowance, now belong justices respect *.' 11. Although latter dealt permitted, construed making 876, applicable Appeals. Farrar Wheeler, Cir., 145 482, 486—87; Whitworth 114 302, 305; Standard Elevator Co. Crane 76 767, 775. Cf. Realty Acceptance Corp. Montgomery, 284 547, 550, 52 215, 216, 518; 201—202, 268—269, 388; Equitable Life Assur. Soc. Mercantile Commerce Bank Trust 143 397, 405; Illinois Surety 226 653, 664. Section otherwise 'further determination, 'shall coming final, said noted giving proceeding did contain words 'to taken' still different. There 'for noticed discrepant language, 'Rule Motion Acquittal. '(a) Judgment Motions abolished used place. own more offenses charged information side closed if conviction offense offenses. defendant's offered government granted, offer having reserved right. '(b) Reservation Decision Motion. reserve motion, submit jury returns discharged returned denied submitted jury, include acquittal.' 327 853, 18 instant discussed but applicability judgments. court's 344, state also incorporated note 3, supra.

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