Document: 393 U.S. 166 89 S.Ct. 342 21 L.Ed.2d 317 Pete RECZNIKv.CITY OF LORAIN. No. 323. Decided Nov. 18, 1968. Meyer Gordon, for petitioner. Henry T. Webber, respondent. PER CURIAM. 1 On the night of June 10, 1965, two police officers City Lorain, Ohio, left their assigned cruising district and drove to premises at 1420—1422 Broadway because they 'suspected a crime was being committed' there. This suspicion founded upon tips from persons who had stopped on street. Petitioner is owner building Broadway, which contains unconnected units. 1420 consists ground floor basement houses cigar shop storeroom. 1422 second story suite rooms. When arrived approximately a.m., noticed an unusually large number cars parked in vicinity. According testimony met petitioner outside rear entrance upstairs suite, warned him that there better be nothing illegal going inside, said would return half hour. 2 did 20 minutes later, were still near building, observed several men entering apartment. The then climbed stairs, listened sound voices within, tried look through window door. Unable see walked back doorway unannounced. As headed front apartment, emerged room told could not enter. Through door opened by petitioner, one saw dice game grogress. entered room, placed everyone present under arrest, seized table, chips, dice, money used game. Those arrested, including taken station. continued search came across some keys thought might open store downstairs. Apparently 'had information all sorts gaming devices downstairs,' also searched thoroughly, various numbers paraphernalia discovered seized. 3 convicted Municipal Court Lorain violating three ordinances prohibit keeping gambling place, exhibiting device, possessing His motion suppress evidence been denied, court ruling, above summarized, 'entered this public establishment conducted openly full view.' appeal Common Pleas, conviction possession found lower unit reversed. held since already station booked, 'the storeroom case too remote time have incidental arrest.' Appeals affirmed convictions remaining counts, Supreme Ohio dismissed appeal. Since we concluded petitioner's rights Fourth Fourteenth Amendments Constitution infringed entry onto his premises, grant certiorari reverse. Mapp v. 367 643, 81 1684, 6 1081. 4 finding apartment 'public establishment' has no support record. While usually during business hours, it closed dark arrest. entirely separate unit, with different address entrances. respondent's suggestion privileged enter 'at point on, amount people, appearance,' untenable. congregation private home does transform into place police. 5 Respondent argues justified as arrest probable cause believe conducting senior arresting officer, however, so view matter, he conceded when make Nevetheless, argued, received informers evening own corroborating observations activities We cannot agree knowledge revealed record amounted committed. officer 'noted joint' stricken trial judge, further effort made show either or connected illicit operations. Nor respondent even attempt establish reliable. identified these only 'people street' previously unknown whose names bother ask 'there reason it.' They relate what nameless individuals other than 'all downstairs.' (Emphasis supplied.) prosecution its burden 'said more someone (he say who) something what) about petitioner.' Beck State 379 89, 97, 85 223, 228, 13 142. Even where warrant obtained, must basis beyond mere fact assertion informer. Aguilar Texas, 378 108, 84 1509, 12 723. At least much required without warrant. supra, 96, 228. meet showing case, should granted. 7 reversed, remanded proceedings inconsistent opinion. 8 It ordered. 9 10 Mr. Justice STEWART WHITE deny petition certiorari. 11 BLACK, whom HARLAN joins, dissenting. here summarily reverses jury's Recznik, city's laws against house having tables devices. simply grants reverses, giving opportunity argue before us. I dissent such hasty, ill-considered reversal. To reverse conviction, holds error Recznik's obtained part establishment. Having read entire 388 pages testimony, think doubt unlawful seizure argument reveal Court. clear per curiam opinion's reliance order July 7, refusing, prior trial, evidence. bases reversal disagreement pretrial establishment.' states 'has record.' far enough so-called 'apartment' maintained house, residence, happens alternative court's refusal hearing. this: 'The consideration overrules defendant's following reasons, wit: That any presented. Defendant merely presented oral written arguments motion.' 14 sworn was, course, sufficient dispose did. first now relied shown statement beginning effect: 15 'Mr. Gordon: consider main will Jury decision later.' 16 end again denied; denied conclusion So but whole record, my judgment, shows owned permitted establishment, object actually invited them. 17 says, belongs Recznik. He evidently well-known gambler around town testified out jail quarter century, John Micjan asserted 'tenant' filled tables, In fact, come straight month before. 18 took factual context. Police Officer Kochan streets building. partner decided go up area Now, street alone give treat enough. enough, investigate, went midnight signs extraordinary it. bottom dark, upstairs, located, well lighted. 40 50 automobiles coming cars, getting out, rooms difficulty whatever. peeping them venetian blinds shortly thereafter Recznik talked up. Instead, according Recnik's party and, addressing directly, said: 'If you want can up.' Again, testified: 'I time, party, later." 19 After invitations away lighted people. steps, seen others walking out. unlocked. many people pulled screen off hinges. obviously neither jury nor judge refused believed Once follows response questions prosecuting attorney: 'Q. There lot talk Did warrant? 'A. No, didn't nothing. 22 tell stay out? 23 Absolutely not. 24 say, 'You can't here?' 25 26 You just said, 'What do want?' 27 want.' 28 place?' 29 Why that?' 30 another he, Kochan, looked over shoulder table green covering. explained presence illuminating way: money, $213, purse; brought strangers 'apartment.' moment (who 'party') paraphernalia, hands crying gambler's language fade you,' stated duty. law provides seeing person committing misdemeanor duty legal, authority remainder And got promptly convicted. 31 calls lacked misdemeanors One take find, think, notorious surprising urging wonder if addition reversed compelled guilty owners contraband. regret very Court, summary reversal, providing critics choice ammunition attacks. 32 If, four members are determined certiorari, set down conventional fashion normal way.

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