Document: 392 U.S. 206 88 S.Ct. 1970 20 L.Ed.2d 1037 CHENG FAN KWOK, Petitioner,v.IMMIGRATION AND NATURALIZATION SERVICE. No. 638. Argued May 2, 1968. Decided June 10, Jules E. Coven, New York City, for petitioner. Charles Gordon, Washington, D.C., respondent. William H. Dempsey, Jr., as amicus curiae, in support of judgment below, at the invitation Court. Mr. Justice HARLAN delivered opinion 1 The narrow question presented by this case is whether jurisdiction to review denial a stay deportation, if pertinent order has not been entered course proceeding conducted under § 242(b) Immigration and Nationality Act, 66 Stat. 209, 8 U.S.C. 1252(b), is, 106(a) 75 651, 1105a(a), vested exclusively courts appeals.1 arises from following circumstances. 2 Petitioner, native citizen China, evidently United States 1965 seaman.2 terms his entry permitted him remain country period during which vessel was port, provided that did exceed 29 days. See 1282(a).3 He deserted vessel, remained unlawfully States. After petitioner's eventual apprehension, deportation proceedings were special inquiry officer authority 242(b). Petitioner conceded deportability, but sought obtained permission depart voluntarily.4 Despite protestations good faith, petitioner voluntarily depart, ultimately ordered surrender deportation. then requested district director immigration, pending submission disposition an application adjustment status 1153(a)(7) (1964 ed., Supp. II).5 concluded ineligible such status, denied 3 thereupon commenced these Court Appeals Third Circuit, petitioning stay. held provisions 106(a), it would otherwise have exclusive director's order, are inapplicable orders denying ancillary relief unless those either 242(b), or denials motions reopen proceedings. court dismissed petition want jurisdiction. 381 F.2d 542. We granted certiorari because appeals disagreed proper construction statutory provisions.6 390 918, 848, 19 978. For reasons follow, we affirm. I. 4 It useful first summarize relevant Act regulations promulgated Act's authority. Section provides detailed administrative procedure determining alien may be deported. permits only upon basis record made before officer, assured rights counsel, reasonable opportunity examine evidence against him, cross-examine witnesses, present own behalf. By regulation, various forms discretionary also proceeding; may, example, request temporarily withheld, on ground he might, deported, 'be subject persecution * *.' 1253(h) II); CFR 242.8(a). 5 Other after termination proceeding. thus provide 'under final deportation' apply 'having over place where time filing' 243.4. 'in discretion.' Ibid. If denied, 'is appealable' Board Appeals. 6 106(a)7 procedures judicial prescribed Hobbs 64 1129, 68 961, 'shall to, shall sole for, all heretofore hearafter aliens pursuant section These vest issued specified federal agencies. In situations inapplicable, alien's remedies would, course, ordinarily lie action brought appropriate court. 7 positions parties summarized follows. urged both Service hold applicable circumstances case, available appeals. contends should understood embrace determinations 'directly affecting execution basic order,' reached prior during, subsequent proceeding.8 contrast, amicus9 urges, held, encompasses II. This third had occasion effect 106(a). first, Foti v. Naturalization Service, 375 217, 84 306, 11 281, petitioner, deportability suspension 244(a)(5). suspension, appeal court, that, remedy lay petitioned Second A divided en banc 308 779. On certiorari, reversed, holding 'all incident reviewable together included within ambit 106(a).' U.S., 229, 314. 9 second Giova Rosenberg, 379 18, 85 156, 13 90, moved proceedings, previously terminated relief. Ninth Circuit Board's embraced 347. brief per curiam opinion, 10 Although strongly suggests result reach today, neither nor can properly regarded controlling situation. Unlike Foti, 242(b); unlike here deny motion regard issue involved markedly closer than questions cases; least, plainly differing views readily entertained. circumstances, imperative, accurately implement Congress' purposes, 'seiz(e) everything aid derived.' Fisher Blight, Cranch 358, 386, L.Ed. 304. important, emphasize character statute with concerned. intended prescribe regulate portion courts. As jurisdictional statute, must construed precision fidelity Congress expressed its wishes. Utah Junk Co. Porter, 328 39, 44, 889, 892, 90 1071. Further, addressed entirely 'specialists,' must, Frankfurter observed, read judges minds specialists.'10 12 cannot, close reading, easily reconcile position literally 'final deportation,' it, 242(b).11 Thus, more three months deportation,12 distinct other who, required presided involve reconsider any Concededly, assumed existence 'attack itself instead (sought) inconsistent it.' Mui Esperdy, 371 772, 777 (C.A.2nd cir.). If, embraces of' selected language remarkably inapposite purpose. Judge Friendly observed similar 'Congress wanted go far, presumably known how say so.' legislative history does strengthen Service. 'basic purpose' procedural portions 1961 legislation was, stated 'to expedite undesirable preventing successive dilatory 226, 312. purpose several innovations, among them device direct petitions Although, emphasized, broad purposes might expected encompass outside there deliberately restricted 14 colloquy floor House Representatives, referred Foti,13 Representative Moore, co-sponsor bill discussion, suggested difficulties resulting separate consideration could overcome 'a change practice considering issues piecemeal. There no reason why permit contemporaneous relief.' 105 Cong.Rec. 12728. same colloquy, Walter, chairman subcommittee hearings, recognized certain proceeding, requests, 'just up proceedings.' 12728 (emphasis added). Similarly, debate, responded charge prove inadequate absence suitable record, inviting 'the gentleman's attention law 242, examiner set forth detail.' 107 12179. 15 believe combination itself, statements lead inference quite directly challenging themselves.14 concededly choice between uncertainties,' 'content choose lesser.' Burnet Guggenheim, 288 280, 288, 53 369, 371, 77 748. 16 need speculate purposes. Quite possible, Browning persuasively suggested, visualized single relating raised resolved, followed petitiion Yamada & 384 214, 218. therefore include affect deportation.' Possibly, cogently wished limit quasi-judicial hearings conducted.15 enough fashion impeded today. including proceedings.16 17 consistent our Foti. There, repeatedly THE CHIEF JUSTICE had, required, 218, 222—223, 224, 228, 232, 308, 310—311, 312, 313, 314, 315. emphasized discretion grant determination 'has historically consistently exercised integral part led issuance order.' Id., 223, 310. 'must hearing.' Moreover, explicitly although modification 'effectively broaden scope Courts Appeals,' 'nothing anomalous.'17 229—230, An essential premise limited 'made determined 311. 18 take wider view distinguishable attack entered. Petitions reopen, like rehearing reconsideration, are, 'intimately immediately associated' they seek challenge.18 governed and, indeed, who order.19 logical concomitant Foti; not, implication, today will doubtless mean occasion, separately involving alien. Nonetheless, seem onerous burden, one cannot avoided, least large part, itself. More 'there table logarithms construction,'20 most intentions chosen express intentions. Affirmed. 21 WHITE, dissenting. 22 possessed efforts obtain District Director, I stay, refusal re-open, appealable But, understand hearing Director immediate consequence being outstanding which, executed, moot underlying Director. 106 extends 'pursuant' Webster it,* 'acting done consequence' Except hardly strains congressional intention give word ordinary meaning English language. based policy Court's contrary conclusion, stated. reverse judgment. propriety situation intimate questions. facts concerning into, in, appear officer. 1282(a) '(a) No crewman land except time, event, exceed—(1) (not exceeding twenty-nine days) remains port note, 'granting voluntary departure 219, n. 1, 308. II) '(c) onditional entries next satisfy (1) fear fled Communist Communist-dominated Conditional refugees, parole system, 'temporary harborage humane considerations rooted public interest.' C. Gordon Rosenfield, Law Procedure 2.54 (1967). id., 2.27h. Compare following: Skiftos 332 203 (C.A.7th Cir.); Talavera Pederson, 334 52 (C.A.6th Samala 336 (C.A.5th Mendez Major, 340 128 (C.A.8th Melone 355 533 772 (C.A.2d 214 (C.A.9th De Lucia Attorney General, 403 565 (D.C. Cir.). added 5(a) Public 87—301, approved September 26, 1961, 651. Brief Respondent 28. Since aligned question, invited Esquire, member Bar Court, oral argument curiae below. Frankfurter, Some Reflections Reading Statutes, Record N.Y.C.B.A. 213, 225. find emphasis placed dissent unpersuasive. First, 'pursuant 242(b)' simply preferred exclude without 1282(b), revoke seaman's conditional deport generally 5.11 Perhaps suggests, conducted. certainly indicates reference limit, broaden, classes applied. Second, reiterated dissenting orders' proceedings; textual difficulty, deal, proceedings' issued. merely examination 'pursuant.' officer's decision, established departure, March 3, 1966. filed 20, day. 223—224, 310—311. argued limiting explained wish restrict cases, arising exclusion found nothing offers meaningful view. Note, e.g., apparent 1282(b). supra, 11. possibility 'pendent jurisdiction' relief, already 227, 14, 313. addition, '(c)learly, changes content types agency matter orders.' 230, 16, Respondent, 28, October Term 1963, 53. 242.22. however, appealed Appeals, disposition. decided it. Merriam-Webster, Webster's International Dictionary, Edition, unabridged (1957), defines as: '1. Acting prosecution (of anything); hence, agreeable; conformable; following; according '2. That pursuit pursuing 234.

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