Document: 372 U.S. 597 83 S.Ct. 926 10 L.Ed.2d 1 WEYERHAEUSER STEAMSHIP COMPANY, Petitioner,v.UNITED STATES. No. 65. Argued Feb. 18, 1963. Decided April 1, Henry R. Rolph, San Francisco, Cal., for petitioner. Anthony L. Mondello, Washington, D.C., respondent. Mr. Justice STEWART delivered the opinion of Court. In September 1955 United States Army Dredge Pacific and petitioner's vessel F. E. Weyerhaeuser were in a collision off Oregon coast. To recover its resultant damages petitioner brought this action against under Public Vessels Act.1 A cross-libel was filed, District Court after hearing found that had occurred through mutual fault both vessels. Applying settled admiralty rule divided damages, court held each party entitled to from other one-half provable costs. 174 F.Supp. 663 supplemented at 178 496. 2 Civil Service employee aboard Pacific, Reynold Ostrom, sustained personal injuries collision. He received compensation these Federal Employees' Compensation Act,2 then filed suit damages. That lawsuit subsequently by payment Ostrom $16,000 petitioner, repaid amount which previously been awarded him as statutory compensation, required Act.3 3 The objected inclusion, part collision, paid Ostrom. Government stipulated reasonable settlement Ostrom's claim, agreed such would ordinarily be includible proper item pursuant accepted formula. took position, however, with respect established has qualified § 7(b) Act, provides liability Act 4 'injury or death an shall exclusive, place, all instrumentality employee, his legal representative, spouse, dependents, next kin, anyone otherwise * on account injury death, any direct judicial proceedings civil admiralty, proceedings, whether administrative judicial, workmen's law tort statute *.'4 5 rejected Government's argument entered decree recognized Appeals reversed, remanding case directions recompute excluding settlement, holding exclusive provision precluded injuries. 294 F.2d 179. 6 We granted certiorari consider single question historic collisions qualified, held, federal statute. 369 810, 82 688, 7 611. For reasons stated opinion, we hold does not so limit rule, accordingly reverse judgment Appeals. As pointed out, 'was intended impose same (apart seizure arrest libel rem) is imposed private shipowner *.' Canadian Aviator, Ltd. v. States, 324 215, 228, 65 639, 646, 89 L.Ed. 901. And there can no liable half including argues, 'plain words' nevertheless operate case. 8 Section remedy 'to points out general words 'anyone damages' literally cover But language upon relies follows explicit enumeration specific categories: employees, their representatives, dependents. Under traditional construction counsels giving meaning totally unrelated more terms statute, think far 'plain.' 9 legislative history originally passed 1916, shows concern Congress provide employees swift, economical, assured right arising employment relationship, regardless negligence fellow servants, lack States. purpose 7(b), added 1949, establish that, between one hand representatives dependents other, exclusive. There evidence whatever concerned rights third parties, much less disturb doctrines affecting liabilities shipowners cases.5 Longshoremen's Harbor Workers' nearly identical providing '(t)he employer place husband wife, parents, *.'6 Ryan Stevedoring Co. Pan-Atlantic S.S. Corp., 350 124, 76 232, 100 133, it despite provision, reimbursement longshoreman's recovered longshoreman injured employer's negligence. Court's decision based existence contractual relationship employer. series subsequent cases, result reached, although considerably attenuated. Nacirema Co., 355 563, 78 438, 491; Crumady Joachim Hendrik Fisser, 358 423, 79 445, 413; Waterman Corp. Dugan & McNamara, 364 421, 81 200, 169. 11 present governing correlative duties. involved here, instead, which, than years, governed least equal clarity duties two whose vessels have fault. Schooner Catharine Dickinson, 17 How. 170, 177, 15 233; North Star, 106 17, 21, 41, 44, 27 91. See Halcyon Lines Haenn Ship Ceiling Refitting 342 282, 284, 72 277, 279, 96 318. Long ago full scope must prevail over like case, limited element incurred Chattahoochee, 173 540, 19 491, 43 801. issue Harter categorically cargo cannot collect directly carrying faults navigation.7 share, according non-carrying resulting vessel's cargo. also Aktieselskabet Cuzco Sucarseco, 394, 55 467, 942. 12 unaffected enacted parties. reversed. 13 Reversed. Stat. 1112, 46 U.S.C. 781 et seq. 39 742, amended, 751 'If payable caused circumstances creating some person pay therefor, beneficiary receives, behalf, made money property satisfaction person, shall, deducting costs attorney's fee, apply following manner: '(A) If whole part, he refund 777. 63 861, 757(b). Senate Report explained addition follows: 'Section act amended designating subsection '(a)' adding new '(b).' latter make clear benefits instrumentalities kind enforced original proceeding Thus, important gap filled time needless expensive litigation will replaced measured justice. savings expense handling lawsuits, should very substantial benefit liberalized bill. 'Workmen's laws, general, specify therein provided remedy. basic theory supporting legislation afforded substitute employee's (or dependent's) former With creation corporate enactment various statutes authorizing suits tort, problems arisen. Such Suits Admiralty Tort Claims like, authorize bringing actions inadequacy tended cause seek relief statutes. Similarly, created among powers are authorized sue sued, this, turn, resulted filing accidents employments. 'This situation considerable agencies especially instrumentalities. Since proposed afford planned protection, permit remedies only unnecessary, but uneconomical, standpoint beneficiaries government.' S.Rep. 836, 81st Cong., 1st Sess. 23; U.S.Code Cong.Service p. 2135. (Emphasis supplied.) 44 1426, 33 905. pertinent part: owner transporting merchandise port America exercise due diligence said respects seaworthy properly manned, equipped, supplied, neither vessel, her owners, agent, charterers, become responsible damage loss errors navigation management nor master losses dangers sea navigable waters, acts God, public enemies, inherent defect, quality, vice thing carried, insufficiency package, process, omission shipper goods, agent saving attempting save life sea, deviation rendering service.' 192. This substantially reenacted 4(2) Carriage Goods Sea provides: '(2) Neither carrier ship from— '(a) neglect, default master, mariner, pilot, servants ship;' 1304(2)(a).

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