Document: 334 U.S. 258 68 S.Ct. 1035 92 L.Ed. 1351 UNITED STATESv.UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR SOUTHERN OF NEW YORK et al. No. 527. Argued April 19, 20, 1948. Decided May 24, Mr. Leonard J. Emmerglick, of Washington, D.C., for petitioner. William Watson Smith, Pittsburgh, Pa., respondents. Justice DOUGLAS delivered the opinion Court. 1 The United States brought a proceeding against Aluminum Company America (Alcoa) and others to prevent restrain certain violations Sherman Act. 26 Stat. 209, as amended, 15 U.S.C.A. §§ 1, 2, 4, 4. After trial District Court dismissed complaint. v. Co. America, 44 F.Supp. 97. case came here by appeal, after which we ascertained that due disqualification four Justices sit in case, were without quorum. Accordingly, transferred special docket postponed further proceedings it until such time there was quorum qualified it. 320 708, 64 73, 88 415. Thereafter Congress amended statute provides direct appeal this from antitrust cases. Act June 9, 1944, c. 239, 58 272, U.S.C.Supp. V, § 29, passed meet contingency lack here, provides:1 2 'In every suit equity any district court under said Acts, wherein is complainant, an final decree will lie only Supreme must be taken within sixty days entry thereof: Provided, however, That if, upon shall found that, reason i squalification, not participate consideration on merits, then, lieu decision Court, immediately certified circuit appeals located thereupon have jurisdiction hear determine duty senior judge appeals, designate three judges court, one whom himself other two next order seniority himself, so comprised, assign argument at earliest practicable date same, designated, or majority number thereof, no review certiorari otherwise. 3 "If, disqualification, death otherwise, unable vacancy vacancies filled designating more and, if none available, he fill another circuits, designating, each oldest available judge, seniority, selected, designation with consent circuit.' 4 'This apply pending before its enactment.' 5 Thereupon cause Circuit Appeals Second Circuit. 322 716, 1281, 1557. heard sustained charges monopoly Alcoa, reversed judgment dismissal, remanded inconsistent opinion. Cir., 148 F.2d 416. It left open question remedies applied. Nearly five years had since evidence closed, war intervened, new plants been constructed government, their disposition Surplus Property 765, 50 U.S.C.A.Appendix, 1611, would affect competitive situation ingot market. Petitioner asked Alcoa's dissolution. But deferred position industry known. pages 445—447. 6 On remand entered mandate 23, 1946. enjoined practices retained Administrator proposed plan government owned aluminum facilities, Attorney General might institute dissolution partial Alcoa enforcement establish conditions relief them; 'and purpose enabling determination whether still has market States.' 7 Pursuant quoted provision filed petition praying adjudicating longer consequence restored. motion dismiss e tition denied set trial. writ mandamus require vacate much 1946, reserved enable monopoly, Alcoa. 8 mandamus. Caffey, 164 159. granted settle important 9 concluded power issue exists incident entertain read confining our certificate. Moreover, control over ended end term during went down.2 therefore writ. 10 We put side decided now No matter how resolved, proceeding. 11 Section 262 Judicial Code, 28 U.S.C. 377, federal courts 'shall all writs specifically provided statute, may necessary exercise respective jurisdictions, agreeable usages principles law.' early recognized extended cases where issuance either appellate aid jurisdiction. See Marbury Madison, Cranch, 137, 175, 60; Ex parte Crane, Pet. 190, 92. protects otherwise defeated extends support ultimate review, though directly involved. McClellan Carland, 217 268, 30 501, 54 762; States, 287 241, 246, 53 129, 130, 77 283. In category often fall involving requiring lower enforce court. Delaware L. & W.R. Rellstab, 276 5, 48 203, 72 439. 12 fact closely connected does necessarily mean absent existing future can relate. Cf. Township Chickaming Carpenter, 106 663, 665, 620, 621, 27 307; re Washington Georgetown R. Co., 140 91, 673, 35 339, point. violation allowed interest judgment. amount too small subject error held proper remedy compliance mandate. And see City Nat. Bank Ft. Worth Hunter, 152 512, 515, 14 675, 38 534. is, indeed, high function keep tribunal interposing unauthorized obstructions higher Delaware, supra. protecting past safeguarding present one. When authorized 'the cs e' Appeals, excepted powers bear litigation. Those include protect even assume arguendo come here. 13 seems influenced view feeling presented cuts wide swathe litigation should hold hand. Its raised relation problem dissolution, eventually ruling limit freedom deal as, when got considerations large importance totality proceeding, once accept premise nothing do case. they seem us germane obedience think gave full amplitude judicial certified. contract gravity presented. compel turns obstructed it, collateral repercussions entail. Reversed. 16 MURPHY JACKSON took part 17 FRANKFURTER, concurring. 18 originally extraordinarily rare, unique, history precluded want impasse met jurisdictional 29. For reasons me obvious need spelling out, interpreted transferring merely stage Congressional language reasonably permits read. Since I conclude whole process vested regardless piecemeal process. find construction freer difficulties than some technical questions pertaining arise H.R.Rep.No.1317, 78th Cong., 2d Sess.; Sen.Rep.No.890, Sess. issued expired September 30, 1945, day lost change except matters form. Fairmont Creamery Minnesota, 275 70, 97, 168.

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