Document: 433 U.S. 667 97 S.Ct. 2905 53 L.Ed.2d 1039 SCHOOL DISTRICT OF OMAHA et al.v.UNITED STATES al. No. 76-705. June 29, 1977. PER CURIAM. 1 This school desegregation case involves the School District of Omaha, Neb. The Court in a comprehensive opinion, 389 F.Supp. 293, extensively reviewed evidence presented by parties, and recognized that there was considerable racial imbalance attendance patterns. Applying legal standard which placed burden proving intentional segregative actions on respondents, regarded natural foreseeable consequences petitioners' conduct as 'neither determinative nor immaterial' but 'one additional factor to be weighed,' concluded respondent had not carried deliberate policy segregation. 293. On appeal, Appeals rejected applied Court, 521 F.2d 530, stating 'presumption intent' arises from or omissions whose result is 'bring about maintain segregation.' Id., at 535. Reviewing facts found concerning faculty assignment, student transfers, optional zones, construction, deterioration one high district, generally accepted these factual findings. In each instance, however, it sufficient under adopted shift proof petitioners. Finding no instance petitioners caried their rebuttal burden, remanded for formulation systemwide remedy. We denied certiorari. 423 946, 96 361, 46 280. 2 Following explicit instruction Appeals, 418 22, promulgated an extensive plan involving, among other elements, transportation pupils. Eighth Circuit affirmed. 541 708. 3 Washington v. Davis, 426 229, 239, 2040, 2047, 48 L.Ed. 597 (1976), we said: 4 '(O)ur cases have embraced proposition law official act, without regard whether reflects racially discriminatory purpose, unconstitutional solely because has disproportionate impact.' 5 restated amplified implications this holding Village Arlington Heights Metropolitan Housing Development Corp., 429 252, 555, 50 450 (1977). 6 Neither addressing itself remedial mandated earlier decision addressed inquiry required our opinion Dayton Board Education Brinkman, 406, 2766, 851, 7 'If such violations are found, first subject review must determine how much incremental effect distribution population presently constituted, when compared what would been absence constitutional violations. remedy designed redress difference, only if impact may remedy.' Supra, 420, 2775. 8 petition certiorari accordingly granted, judgment vacated, reconsideration light Dayton. 9 It so ordered. 10 Mr. Justice BRENNAN, with whom MARSHALL joins, dissenting. 11 Court's remand Cor., (1977), 851 inappropriate wholly unnecessary. 'segregation Omaha intentionally created maintained defendants.' 532-533 (1975). did contest finding public schools segregated. Ibid. carefully abundant record bearing intent justified presumption permeated policies 96% black Tech High School. 537-546. Relying Keyes 1, Denver, Colorado, 413 189, 210, 93 2686, 2698, 37 548 (1973), further rebut they 'failed carry establishing factors motivated actions.' F.2d, 536, 537 (emphasis supplied). 280 When came before second time year later, court explicitly its prior intervening nothing cause revise opinion. 708, 709 (1976). 12 Hights, supra, make new law, Davis discrimination purposeful unconstitutional. interpreted mean action 'invidious purpose motivating factor' unconstitutional, 'motivated part purpose' shifts alleged discriminator. U.S., 270-271, n. 21, S.Ct., 566. conclusion defendants actions' based language Keyes, faithfully applies reads anticipated precisely hold five months later. I cannot imagine will do, properly can anything except reaffirm recitation gratification correctly anticipated. 13 Dayton, reaffirmed already well-established principle scope commensurate violation. case, ordered decree effects past discrimination, As evident reading describing massive segregation District, order entirely appropriate. A less simply fully conditions exit system. affirm Appeals. 14 STEVENS, 15 For reasons stated join summary disposition case. deny 16 Opinion remand, 565 127.

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