Document: 358 U.S. 415 79 S.Ct. 451 3 L.Ed.2d 407 Lurton Lewis HEFLIN, Jr., Petitioner,v.UNITED STATES of America. No. 137. Argued Jan. 14, 1959. Decided Feb. 24, Mr. Jerome A. Cooper, Birmingham, Ala., for petitioner. Theodore G. Gilinsky, Sioux City, Iowa, respondent. Justice DOUGLAS delivered the opinion Court. 1 Petitioner and two others were indicted convicted under three counts charging violations Federal Bank Robbery Act, 18 U.S.C. § 2113, U.S.C.A. 2113. One count charged taking property by force violence, assaulting jeopardizing lives several persons in course taking, violation 2113(d).1 Another that they did 'receive, possess, conceal, store, dispose' stolen money 2113(c).2 A third a conspiracy. The sentence imposed3 was 10 years on first mentioned above, conspiracy to begin run expiration first, year day receipt property, this count. 2 All these events took place before our decision Prince v. United States, 352 322, 77 403, 370. Shortly thereafter petitioner instituted proceeding 28 2255, 2255,4 complaining he could not be lawfully both subsections (c) (d) i.e., feloniously receiving same property. District Court denied motion. Appeals affirmed. 251 F.2d 69. We granted certiorari (357 935, 78 1388, 1550) because an apparent conflict between case. I. There is preliminary question jurisdiction. now custody 10-year which admittedly valid. Since has completed nor consecutive sentence, it argued relief way 2255 may had. 4 reviewed States Hayman, 342 205, 72 263, 96 L.Ed. 232, history emphasized its purpose minimize some difficulties involved use habeas corpus. It when sentences are imposed, no more than corpus (McNally Hill, 293 131, 138, 55 27, 238), can used prisoner begun serve. divided issue. Some think says 'A motion such made at any time.' means what says. To them correction if made, will affect 'the right released,' protected even though immediately realized. majority, however, view, shared Courts Appeals,5 available only attack custody. Yet their view Rule 35 Rules Criminal Procedure, U.S.C.A.6 (at least where matters dehors record involved), here being whether imposed illegal face.7 5 II. held supra, crime entry into bank with intent rob intended Congress separate offense from consummated robbery. ruled entering steal, heart crime,' id., page 328, 407, 'merges robbery consummated.' Ibid. gave Act construction we resolve ambiguity favor lenity required determine punishing multiple aspects criminal act. 6 Subsection primarily concerned, came law 1940. legislative meagre. Senate Report (S.Rep.No.1801, 76th Cong., 3d Sess.) captioned 'Punishment Receivers Loot From Robbers.' states, 'This bill would add another subsection further make crime, less severe penalties (maximum $5,000 fine imprisonment, or both) willfully become receiver possessor taken statute,' p. 1. Similarly House states 'Present does substantive knowingly receive possess designed cover omission.' H.R.Rep.No.1668, Sess., 7 This clue argues strongly against position Government. Reports seems clear increase punishment him who robs but provide those loot robber. find pyramid lesser offenses following true logic divide up form robbers thus multiply offense. But hstory trying reach new group wrongdoers, themselves. 8 Reversed. 9 STEWART, whom FRANKFURTER, CLARK, HARLAN, WHITTAKER join, concurring. While joining Court's opinion, I That statute shows. federal courts, faced almost daily statute's application, have unanimously concluded. Personal notions as kind post-conviction might enacted should enact are, course, entirely irrelevant inquiry. 11 First. words ambiguous. Section provides that: * claiming released move court vacate, set aside correct sentence.' provides: mad latter provision simply that, corpus, there limitations, res judicata, doctrine laches inapplicable. 12 Second. length Chief Vinson wrote 232. No chronicle genesis enactment authentic, entire found deliberations recommendations Judicial Conference over then presided. Hayman clearly shows sole purpose' 'was encountered hearings affording rights convenient forum.' 219, 272. Those detailed opinion. one word indicate alter basic principle entitled 13 very office Great Writ, function, inquire legality detention unnecessary paraphrase Stone's penetrating discussion McNally 238, incorporate thorough review legal contained. suffice note conclusion: 'Without restraint liberty, writ Equally, without unlawful, used. serve cannot cause makes subject inquiry.' (Citations omitted.) 27. 14 Third. something understatement say views 'shared Appeals.' So far been able find, since decision, unanimous holding filed released. These courts continually problems arising many given careful consideration Bradford, Cir., 194 197; McGann, 245 670; ex rel. Bogish Tees, 211 69, 71; Fooshee 203 247; Duggins 240 479; Juelich 257 424; Oughton 215 578; Williams 236 894; Hoffman 244 378; Toliver 249 804; Miller 256 501; Smith 259 125. 15 Although believing case think, indeed Government concedes, virtue Fed.Rules Crim.Proc. rule 'The became effective different history. codification existing remove doubt created Mayer, 235 55, 67, 16, 18, 59 129, jurisdiction after term entered.* 16 Whether covers broader field collateral hearing consider necessary, need determine. certainly like present claim face. For reason, agree concur judgment. 'Whoever, committing, attempting commit, defined (a) (b) section, assaults person, puts jeopardy life person dangerous weapon device, shall fined $10,000 imprisoned twenty-five years, both.' states: 'Whoever receives, possesses, conceals, stores, barters, sells, disposes of, other thing value knowing bank, savings loan association, section provided said taker.' corrected appeal, reported Heflin 223 371. reads relevant part follows: established upon ground Constitution laws impose excess maximum authorized law, otherwise attack, sentence. time. 'Unless files records conclusively show relief, notice thereof served attorney, grant prompt thereon, issues findings fact conclusions respect thereto. If finds judgment rendered jurisdiction, open denial infringement constitutional render vulnerable vacate discharge resentence trial appear appropriate. entertain requiring production hearing. *' 62 Stat. 967, amended 63 105. Crow 186 704; 501. part: original case, time within sought 30 days. Supreme 22(2), petition until passage days below. Nevertheless, successive motions jurisdictional involved, majority agrees dispense requirements order avoid wasteful circuity. us deem available, 90-day period 2101(c), 2101(c) governing type suit. (Riddle Dyche, 262 333, 336, 43 555, 556, 67 1009), prosecution independent civil See Judge Shackelford Miller's relationship 479.

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