Document: 389 U.S. 320 88 S.Ct. 443. 19 L.Ed.2d 554 Kenneth A. BURKE et al.v.Clarence FORD and Kunc al. No. 632. Decided Dec. 11, 1967. Robert S. Rizley, for petitioners. Irvine E. Ungerman, respondents. PER CURIAM. 1 Petitioners, Oklahoma liquor retailers, brought this action under § of the Sherman Act, 26 Stat. 209, 15 U.S.C. 1, to enjoin an alleged state-wide market division by all wholesalers. The trial judge, sitting without a jury, found that there had in fact been markets—both territories brands. court nevertheless entered judgment wholesalers because, among other reasons, it interstate commerce prerequisite Act was not satisfied. Court Appeals affirmed upon sole ground 'the proof entirely insufficient show activities complained were or adversely affected commerce.' 10 Cir., 377 F.2d 901, 903. 2 There are no distilleries Oklahoma. Liquor is shipped from States warehouses wholesalers, where inventoried held until purchased retailers. District 'came rest' wholesalers' ceased at point. Hence, they concluded did take place 'in But whatever validity conclusion, does end matter. For well established activity which itself occur comes within scope if substantially affects commerce. United v. Employing Plasterers Association Chicago, 347 186, 74 452, 456, 98 L.Ed. 618; Mandeville Island Farms, Inc. American Crystal Sugar Co., 333 219, 996, 92 1328. 3 Recognizing this, went on find effect commerce, agreed. distribution goods retailed substantial volume1 State but produced out sufficient We disagree. Horizontal territorial divisions almost invariably reduce competition participants. Addyston Pipe & Steel Co. States, 175 211, 20 96, 44 136; Sealy, Inc., 388 350, 87 1847, 18 1238. When reduced, prices increase unit sales decrease. here surely resulted fewer retailers—hence purchases out-of-state distillers—than would have occurred free prevailed wholesalers.2 In addition brands meant wholesale outlets available any one distiller. Thus statewide inevitably 4 petition certiorari granted reversed. case remanded further proceedings consistent with opinion. 5 Judgment reversed remanded. 6 Mr. Justice HARLAN concurs result. Between $55 $45 million 1964. stressed increased (885,976 cases 891,176 cases) 1963 1964 while effect. wholesalers—all things being equal—presumably them even more. noted 0.6%; during same period total personal income $4,880 $5,220 million, 7.0%. Table Survey Current Business, p. 30, Office Business Economics, Department Commerce (August 1967). Adjusting concurrent price inflation (see 8.1, 42 (July 1967)), real approximately 5.7%.

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