Document: 389 U.S. 375 88 S.Ct. 543 19 L.Ed.2d 614 NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Petitioner,v.FLEETWOOD TRAILER CO., Inc. No. 49. Argued Nov. 8, 1967. Decided Dec. 18, Norton J. Come, Washington, D.C., for petitioner. Hugh Scallon, Los Angeles, Cal, respondent. Mr. Justice FORTAS delivered the opinion of Court. 1 Respondent is a manufacturer mobile homes. On August 5, 1964, it employed about 110 persons. 6, as result breakdown in collective bargaining negotiations between respondent and Union,1 half employees struck. cut back its production schedule from prestrike figure 20 units to 10 per week, curtailed orders raw materials correspondingly. Union accepted respondent's last contract offer, terminated strike, requested reinstatement strikers. 2 explained that could not reinstate strikers 'right at moment' because curtailment caused by strike. The evidence undisputed was company's intention 'at all times' increase full volume 'as soon possible.'2 3 six involved this case applied on number occasions thereafter. date, no jobs were available, their applications rejected. However, October 8 16, company hired new employees, who had previously worked it, which striker-applicants qualified fill. Later, period November through December 14, reinstated. 4 An NLRB complaint issued upon charges filed employees. As amended, charged with unfair labor practices within meaning §§ 8(a)(1) (3) National Labor Relations Act (61 Stat. 140, 29 U.S.C. 158(a)(1) (3)) hiring instead After hearing, Trial Examiner concluded discriminated against failing accord them rights when others fill available jobs. Accordingly, recommended should make each whole loss earnings due failure return employment time hirings until they re-employed. A three-member panel Board adopted findings, conclusions recommendations Examiner.3 5 petition enforcement order. Court Appeals Ninth Circuit, one judge dissenting, denied enforcement. 366 F.2d 126 (1966). It held right must be judged date apply reinstatement. Since 20, since there court committed an practice employ them. We granted certiorari Board. 386 990, 87 1305, 18 334 (1967). reverse. 6 Section 2(3) 137, § 152(3)) provides individual whose work has ceased consequence dispute continues employee if he obtained regular substantially equivalent employment. If, after conclusion employer refuses striking effect discourage exercising organize strike guaranteed 7 13 140 151, 157 163). Under (29 158(1) interfere exercise these rights. unless can show his action 'legitimate substantial business justifications,' guilty practice. v. Great Dane Trailers, 388 26, 34, 1792, 1798, 1027 burden proving justification employer. Ibid. primary responsibility courts 'to proper balance asserted justifications invasion light policy.' Id., 33—34, S.Ct., 1797. See also Erie Resistor Corp., 373 221, 228—229, 235—236, 83 1139, 1145, 1149, 308 (1963). Universal Camera Corp. NLRB, 340 474, 71 456, 95 L.Ed. 456 (1951), invitation disregard rule.4 In some situations, justifications' refusing engaged economic have been recognized. One claimed are occupied workers permanent replacements during order continue operations. Mackay Radio & Telegraph Co., 304 333, 345—346, 58 904, 910—911, 82 1381 (1938); Plastilite 343 (C.A.8th Cir. 1967); Brown Root, 132 N.L.R.B. 486 (1961).5 present case, 21 compared 55 strikers; clear Indeed, filled employees.6 second basis suggested striker's job eliminated bona fide reasons other than considerations relating relations: example, 'the need adapt changes conditions or improve efficiency.'7 consider methods operation shown instituted might resulted eliminating strikers' 9 emphasized absence any antiunion motivation But supra, decided Appeals' we proof unnecessary employer's conduct 'could adversely affected extent' does meet establishing 'that motivated legitimate objectives.' 1798. Trailers determined payment vacation benefits nonstrikers denial those payments carried 'a potential adverse rights.' Because 'no appeared record,' agreed 35, refusal clearly less destructive important payments. And here constitutes without reference intent. Appeals, however, did discriminate work, two days end services. continued known availability desire reinstatement, intended resume reactivate 11 error hold expired first applied. This basic cannot depend moment filed. technicalities application. contrary, status striker 'other employment.' 152(3).) Frequently affects level entirely normal immediately before resumed. If becomes entitled offer defeated only justifications.' supra. 12 judgment vacated cause remanded further proceedings consistent opinion.8 so ordered. 14 Judgment remanded. 15 MARSHALL took part consideration decision case. 16 HARLAN, whom STEWART joins, concurring result. 17 issue seems me rather simpler, indicated resolution more obvious, majority implies. worker remains 'employee' least long unfilled found work.1 Consequently, stated 'If decrease production, treated given preference over applicants.' 128. resumed months willingness work. question whether still point 'employees' affirmative obligation prefer. Examiner, affirmed Board, neither abolished nor but times practicable.'2 lost unavailable, reason cutback, precise earlier offered Yet palpably inconsistent statutory purpose preserving temporary adjustment occasioned itself 'permanent replacement' 'job abolition' destroys rehiring. I would reverse Examiner's see 'only applicants nondiscriminatory openings. different standing—they employees.' 153 N.L.R.B., 428. problems 'employer motivation' justification' not, view, all. simply neutral nonstrikers, union nonunion personnel, may give rise questions concerning reasons, good bad, making decisions. failed, whatever recognize Act, corresponding assert rehire October; reason. claim wrong, 'motivation' 'justification' reached here. concur San Bernardino-Riverside Counties District Council Carpenters, United Brotherhood Carpenters Joiners America, AFL-CIO. Respondent's program intention. During weeks scheduled week increased steady progression and, finally, ending 13, 1964. 425 (1965). 'The authorized delegate group three members powers exercise.' 3(b), 61 139, 153(b). Although read erroneous holding depends (first) application recited Board's General Counsel failed complainants absorbed available.' Such essential establish relates justification, such Cf. 343, 348 1967). Unfair ordinarily even replacements. Mastro Plastics 350 270, 278, 76 349, 355, 100 309 (1956). openings considered mere hire, filled.' Brief behalf 15. contends nonpreferential list thereby waived ahead applicants. Union, having merely 'bowed (respondent's) decision.' rule effect, any, outcome Upon remand, will open appropriate. 152(3), reads follows: term * shall include of, connection with, current practice, *.' Nothing record suggests believed, believe, employees' offers revoked October.

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