Document: 414 U.S. 44 94 S.Ct. 330 38 L.Ed.2d 254 DEPARTMENT OF GAME the State of WASHINGTON, Petitioner,v.The PUYALLUP TRIBE et al. TRIBE, Petitioner, v. WASHINGTON. Nos. 72—481, 72—746. Argued Oct. 10, 1973. Decided Nov. 19, Syllabus Commercial net fishing by Puyallup Indians, for which Indians have treaty protection, Tribe Dept. Game, 391 392, 88 1725, 20 689, forecloses bar against steelhead trout imposed Washington Game Department's regulation, discriminates Puyallups, and as long is permitted, regulation must achieve an accommodation between Puyallups' net-fishing rights sports fishermen. Pp. 45—59. 80 Wash.2d 561, 497 P.2d 171, reversed remanded. Joseph L. Coniff, Jr., Olympia, Wash., petitioner in No. 72—481 respondent Harry R. Sachse, New Orleans, La., respondents 72 481 Mr. Justice DOUGLAS delivered opinion Court. 1 In 1963 Department Fisheries brought this action some its members, claiming they were subject to State's laws that prohibited at their usual accustomed places seeking enjoin them from violating regulations. The Supreme Court held tribe had protected under Treaty Medicine Creek a member who was place may not be restrained or enjoined doing so unless he state statute 'which has been established reasonable necessary conservation fishery.' 70 245, 262, 422 754, 764. 2 On review decision we that, provided Creek, "right taking fish, all grounds stations (which) . secured said common with citizens Territory" extends off-reservation but 'the manner fishing, size take, restriction commercial like regulated interest conservation, meets appropriate standards does discriminate Indians.' 395, 398, 1728. We found court clearly resolved question whether barring 'use set nets fresh water streams mouths' all, including allowing only hook line these areas measure. case remanded determination also issue equal protection implicit phrase 'in with" used Treaty. Id., 400, 403, S.Ct., 1730, 1931. 3 deals salmon while are jurisdiction Game. our remand changed allow Indian River (but bay spawning river). however, continued total prohibition trout. upheld regulations which, noted, applicable salmon; no party ruling back here review. sole tendered present cases concerns concerning granted petitions certiorari, 410 981, 93 1495, 36 177. 4 Washington, upholding prohibiting 1970, (1) new made each year, supported 'facts data show conservation' steelhead, id., 576, P.2d, 180; (2) proper because catch fishery alone leaves more than sufficient number escapement river.' 573, 178 179. 5 ban on steelhead1 grants, effect, entire run Whether amounts discrimination central cases. 6 know record oral argument possible planting young called smolt program financed large part license fees paid said: 7 'Mr. Clifford J. Millenbac(h), Chief Management Division testified drainage 16,000 18,000 fish annually; approximately 5,000 6,000 native maximum system will produce even if undisturbed; 10,000 produced annual hatchery plant 100,000 smolt; smolt, small 9 inches length, released April, make way sea about first August; during time closed permit escapement; cost plant, exclusive federal funds, further shows 61 per cent river hatchery-planted steelhead; fishery, determined 'card count' received licensed fishermen, around 12,000 14,000 annually;2 required adequate needs 25 50 run; cannot therefore withstand River.' 572, 178. 8 At counsel represented developed one year 60% another 80%. And stated 80% emerge ongoing litigation basis allocating two groups, do know. mention it reserve it. presently problem accommodating Puyallups river. Our prior recognized purposes covered U.S., 398 399, 1728—1729. There barred hook-and-line entirely pre-empted non-Indians, allowed. 10 Only expert could fairly estimate what degree plus would perpetuation species. If fishermen now can caught within limits needed escapement, then apportioned non-Indian far particular species concerned. What formula should employed us propose. many variables—the nets, where located, length season, frequency season when used. other side licenses issuable, fisherman, duration like. 11 aim accommodate people. 12 imply persist down very last Rights controlled need conserve species; come life precarious stream banned until regains assurance survival. police power prevent following fate passenger pigeon; give right pursue living enters nets. 13 reverse judgment below insofar treats proceedings inconsistent opinion. 14 So ordered. 15 Reversed 16 WHITE, whom THE CHIEF JUSTICE STEWART join, concurring. 17 I agree consistently Treaty, totally forbidden order volume. hand, obligate subsidize planted below, understand it, indicates river, left own devices, steelhead. It extend. Moreover, there state-planted State, before, restrict take natural suffer progressive depletion. Because Court's appears leave room approach substantial, fair, am content concur. 'ANNUAL CATCH LIMIT—STEELHEAD ONLY: Thirty over .' 1970 Fish Seasons Catch Limits (Dept. Game). (Cited 178.) noted 'that substantially occurs after entrance into respective rivers return.' Wash.2d, 575, 180.

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