Document: 375 U.S. 169 84 S.Ct. 298 11 L.Ed.2d 229 Benjamin W. COREY, Petitioner,v.UNITED STATES. No. 31. Argued Oct. 17, 1963. Decided Dec. 9, Russell Morton Brown, Washington, D.C., for petitioner. Louis F. Claiborne, Asst. Sol. Gen. of United States, respondent. Mr. Justice STEWART delivered the opinion Court. 1 The petitioner was convicted by a jury in States District Court Massachusetts upon 75-count indictment making false claims against Government violation 18 U.S.C. § 287. trial judge, after preliminary sentencing hearings, came to conclusion that it would be helpful 'for know something more about defendant than I have seen or heard up date.' Accordingly, court entered an order committing 'to custody Attorney General under Title 18, Code, 4208(b).'1 More three months later, considering report which Bureau Prisons had submitted accordance with 4208(b), proceeding at and his counsel were present, suspending imposition sentence placing on rpobation two years. Three days later filed notice appeal. 2 Upon motion appeal dismissed as untimely, ground period expired 10 entry court's initial study 4208(b). Pointing out 4208(b) provides such commitment 'shall deemed maximum imprisonment prescribed law,'2 Appeals reasoned 'at this point extent punishment. If he desired appeal, time should acted.'3 307 F.2d 839, 840. We granted certiorari, 371 966, 83 550, 9 537, consider questions arisen Courts application 4208(b).4 3 procedural rules governing usual course criminal appeals federal judicial system are well settled. After plea finding guilty, is imposed 'without unreasonable delay.'5 A judgment conviction setting forth then entered,6 must within thereafter.7 record docketed 40 thereafter,8 'as soon * state calendar will permit.'9 Pending disposition stayed unless elects otherwise,10 may released bail.11 4 dominant philosophy embodied these reflects twin concerns disposed expeditiously fair orderly administration justice permit, actual punishment avoided pending In ordinary case, where follows promptly determination guilt, no problem arises appellate effectuation policies they reflect. An not taken until pronouncement sentence, imposed. 5 But provisions judge sentences once, but twice. first imposes 'deemed be' law, then, has been imprisoned six months, fixes new quite different from one originally present case illustrates arises. That problem, simply stated, how, cases judges utilized authorized applied so neither frustrate their purpose nor impair efficacy flexible procedure Congress devised enacting 4208(b).12 concluded provided Rule 37(a)(2), Fed.Rules Crim.Proc., either second option defendant. 6 It obviously contravene basic require sentenced defer incarceration diagnostic statute. Such requirement only forestall any opportunity prompt underlying conviction, deprive substantial right enlarged bail while pending. Indeed, mandatory three- six-month term before could file might raise constitutional problems significant proportions. 7 we need problems, because clearly lacking sufficient 'finality' support immediate there nothing indicate intended mandatorily suspended utilized. invoked 'a conviction.'13 committed General' all prisoners.14 final run date original section.' 8 provisions, whole process guilt completed, sufficiently satisfies conventional requirements finality purposes litigation complete fundamental matter issue—'the convict accused crime charged indictment.' Heike v. 217 423, 429, 30 539, 541, 54 L.Ed. 821. 'Final case,' said, 'means sentence. judgment.' Berman 302 211, 212, 58 164, 165—166, 82 204. This concept explained amplified words applicability here: 'The 'sentence judgment' phrase used dealing action did fact subject form control. certainly when discipline imposed, entitled review.' Korematsu 319 432, 434, 63 1124, 87 1435. For reasons clear us appealed Had done so, reviewed error proceedings, its final,15 discretionary review does follow, however, sought afte deny altogether who chose adopt followed case. While is, pointed out, freighted indicia remains proceedings actually terminated study, same district Cf. Behrens ante, p. 295. There many why prefer await termination taking instance, think, rightly wrongly, knowledge already adversely influence discretion imposing Moreover, if every initially prison law faced choice seeking forever losing feel obliged take very ignorance what eventually going turn be. As practical matter, severity major factor determining whether taken. Long-accepted principles recognition defendant's conviction. general rule. Miller Aderhold, 288 206, 53 325, 77 702; 204; Cobbledick 309 323, 60 540, 783; 37(a), Crim.Proc. find depart rule 12 Reversed. 13 HARLAN, dissenting. 14 agree majority prosecute am unable accept view, contrary long-accepted review, also alternative hold petitioner's attempted stage untimely. 15 commitment, necessarily preceded see 4208(a), fully 28 1291. At merits litigated, adjudged 'discipline imposed,' 1125—1126, held probation appealable order. absence explicit statement congressional intent,1 controls disciplinary measure prison. liberalization procedures even suggest deprived speedily test validity 16 otherwise, respect following Of true, points 'await conviction,' 176. g neral wait. agree, separation makes inapplicable situation. Nevertheless, having discarded one-half opinion, relies justification allowing postponing long rendered. distinction, novel context, between judgments 'not terminated,' 175. could, course, arm defendants double-barreled shotgun. so.2 indications, radical departure long-established made, presumably exercise Court's supervisory power over justice, fairness imperatively demands. 17 finds necessity possible preference deciding defendant, suggested, fear adverse impact judge; disinclined ultimately receive light Neither possibilities warrants majority's innovation procedures. simple prefers outcome prosecuting secure continuance Court.3 reason reluctant grant circumstances; powers. believe, surely rare instance incorrectly, mere filing weigh him hardly persuasive consideration; much reason, believe effect stimulating reduce event, inappropriate structure around hypothetical beliefs maladministration justice. New designed better j stice, without manifest occasion departures established theory practice. Seeing respectfully dissent affirm below. provides: 'If desires detailed information basis commit General, shall described subsection (c) hereof. results together recommendations Director believes furnished grants time, exceed additional further study. receiving reports recommendations, discretion: (1) Place prisoner section 3651 title, (2) imprisonment, offender applicable provision law. See note 1, supra. Since each 75 counts 287, since offense statute punishable five years, 'the punishment,' 'maximum law,' years substantive offenses question, serious issue Eighth Amendment Constitution. 312 223 (1962), certiorari granted, 373 902, 1290, 198, Seventh Circuit, holding receipt report, apparently considered proceeding—rather earlier order—as th begin run. On question today affirmed decision. Behrens, Johnson, 315 714 (C.A.2d Cir. 1963). 32(a), 32(b), 39(c), 39(d), 38(a)(2), 46(a)(2), Section enacted 1958 part broad legislation improve practices courts. 334 (providing institutes various circuits); 4209 (extending Federal Youth Corrections Act offenders 22 26); 4208(a) (authorizing delegate wide Parole Board). begins: 'Upon entering jurisdiction impose ends best interests public exceeding year, *.' repeated (b), plain serve introduction 4208. 4082. Only still open, accepted procedures, attack e.g., failure accord proceeding. (including sentence) postponed determined (and eliminated entirely reversed), cannot carried incarcerated. other hand, seek commence service templated prono conceed. Modifications made Armstrong 306 520, 521, n. (C.A.10th 1962); Varner, 283 900, 901 (C.A.7th 1961). intimate view infringe rights. now bill amend 4208 (b) S.1956, 88th Cong., 1st Sess. prevent forward Cases like 204, Smith, 331 469, 67 1330, 91 1610, involved relevant context. Final cited 175, 15. Rules Criminal Procedure, set argument less expiration permit' circumstances. chooses remand affirmance

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