Document: 426 U.S. 465 96 S.Ct. 2155 48 L.Ed.2d 775 State of TEXAS, Plaintiff,v.State LOUISIANA. No. 36, Orig. June 14, 1976. PER CURIAM. 1 We have already decided that the relevant boundary between States Texas and Louisiana is geographic middle Sabine Pass, Lake, River from mouth in Gulf Mexico to thirty-second degree north latitude. 410 702, 93 1215, 35 646 (1973). also held all islands east half when was admitted as a 1812, or thereafter formed, belong Louisiana. Delimitation decision ownership west were deferred pending further proceedings before Special Master which United invited participate. Id., at 712-714, S.Ct., 1220-1221. 2 The litigation subsequently enlarged upon motion include determination lateral seaward Louisiana, extending into Mexico. 414 904, 94 208, 38 142 (1973).1 Pleadings relating filed by States. claimed title six western Sabine, 1107, 834, 735 (1973); it amended its complaint, however, withdraw claim except one identified "Sam." 416 903, 1605, 40 107 (1974). city Port Arthur, Tex., permitted intervene for purposes protecting interests island claims 965, 1986, 555 3 After hearings on referral, has concluded recommends: 4 "1) That 32o 30o latitude be established shown Exhibit AAA 1-12, pursuant agreement parties. 5 "2) line terminus jetties being median marked Exhibits DDD III hereinabove described specifically, with right alter such within Lake time proposed. 6 "3) America an named 'Sam' denied. 7 "4) your Master's 'U. S.' 8 "5) cost taxed parties accordance their contribution fund deposited First National Bank & Trust Company, Lincoln, Nebraska; no costs services herein; order termination this case file report setting forth amount money received him payment expenses his requests disbursement thereof approval Court unless prior thereto writing approved said moneys." Exceptions recommendations been Texas. 423 909, 211, 46 138 (1975). 9 At approximately latitude, enters through three channels. excepts portion marks passage more recently known "middle pass," instead "west pass." contends acted contrary our rejection thalweg doctrine earlier case, U.S., 709, 1219, considering navigation criterion locate boundary, channel. think clear, makes reference volume water flowing these passes solely analytic context reflecting history geography region. are persuaded made consistent holding. 10 exceptions delimitation argues erred concluding did not historic Gulf; we misreads findings Master. does reject Texas' contention there "inchoate" boundary; what he concludes never Established offshore find correct conclusion conclude properly considered how should now constructed. 11 All agree constructed line, equidistant principle, recognized 1958 Geneva Convention Territorial Sea Contiguous Zone (1964) 15 U.S.T. (pt. 2) 1606, T.I.A.S. 5639.2 Texas, principle applied coastlines affected River.3 urges coastline existed 1845 Union. domestic dispute involving historical precedents States' Congress would done had matter. 12 short answer argument drawn first time. called speculate might done. hold correctly suit. As previously recognized, "the comprehensiveness provides answers many lesser problems related which, absent Convention, most troublesome." v. California,4 381 139, 165, 85 1401, 14 296 (1965). When read together, Arts. clearly require measured jetties. 13 Accordingly, overruled. directed 90 days submit proposed decree If cannot agree, requested, after appropriate hearings, prepare recommended decree. 363 1, 80 961, 1025 (1960), under Submerged Lands Act, 67 Stat. 29, 43 U.S.C. § 1301 Et seq., against entitled natural resources seabed subsoil marine leagues Gulf, but may rights only distance geographical miles coastline. Thus, location boundary. remaining area out Article provides: "1. Where coasts two opposite adjacent each other, neither entitled, failing them contrary, extend territorial sea beyond every point nearest points baselines breadth seas measured. provisions paragraph shall apply, where necessary reason other special circumstances delimit way variance provision. "2. lying large-scale charts officially coastal States." 2), 1610, 5639. There originating 3.1 Gulf. Army Corps Engineers 1880's provide adequate ship canal Pass benefit cities Beaumont, others. They completed present 1936. "For purpose delimiting sea, outermost permanent harbour works form integral part system regarded forming coast." 1609, result inconsistent holding 389 155, 88 367, 19 383 (1967), three-league grant Act coastline, without submerged lands off paramount lands. California, 332 19, 1658, 91 L.Ed. 1889 (1947). This decision. 339 699, 70 914, 1216 (1950). In 1967 decision, Supra, concerned interpretation statutory Act. "(n)o definitions required need resort international law; simply given land owned entered Union." 160, 370.

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