vgel/INTELLECT-2-RL-Dataset-Code-Only huggingface dataset:
A large network of criminals is working under JOKER to destroy and demolish Gotham city. Captain
Gordon is quite tensed about what these criminals can do to Gotham city. Fortunately, Batman comes
to his rescue and with the help of the Batman, he was able to rescue N hostages that were
trapped by the criminals working under JOKER. He makes them stand in a line and each of the 
N hostage is given id between 1 to N (inclusive) and no 2 hostages have same id. 
You are a newly hired programmer who is assigned the task of keeping track of the health status of
hostages as Captain Gordon heals them by giving them aspirin each time. Initially,health of eachhostage is 0.
He then performs following
action –
•   Gives Aspirin of value v to hostages having id between x and y (both inclusive) which increaces their present health by v.
•   He asks you to give him the sum of the health of all the hostages having id between x and y (both inclusive) 
Can you write a program which keeps track of Gordon’s action?

INPUT
1st Line contains N-no. of hostages
2^nd  line contains M-no. of actions performed by Captain Gordon.
The next M lines contain the actions in the form of either “ 1 x y v “ which denotes Action 1 or 
“ 2 x y “ which denotes Action 2.

OUTPUT
For each action that Captain Gordon does, if Action 1 is carried out, output nothing but if Action 2
is carried out, the program must output the result that Gordon asks for.

CONSTRAINTS
N ≤ 10^5
M ≤ 10^5
1 ≤ x < y ≤ N
0 ≤ v ≤ 100

SAMPLE INPUT
5
6
2 1 5
1 3 4 5
2 2 4
1 1 3 10
1 1 5 5
2 1 5

SAMPLE OUTPUT
0
10
65

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
In Finite Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences (FEIS), all integer sequences of lengths between 1 and N (inclusive) consisting of integers between 1 and K (inclusive) are listed.
Let the total number of sequences listed in FEIS be X. Among those sequences, find the (X/2)-th (rounded up to the nearest integer) lexicographically smallest one.

-----Constraints-----
 - 1 \leq N,K \leq 3 × 10^5
 - N and K are integers.

-----Input-----
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
K N

-----Output-----
Print the (X/2)-th (rounded up to the nearest integer) lexicographically smallest sequence listed in FEIS, with spaces in between, where X is the total number of sequences listed in FEIS.

-----Sample Input-----
3 2

-----Sample Output-----
2 1 

There are 12 sequences listed in FEIS: (1),(1,1),(1,2),(1,3),(2),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(3),(3,1),(3,2),(3,3).
The (12/2 = 6)-th lexicographically smallest one among them is (2,1).

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Title: Vasya and Polynomial

Time Limit: None seconds

Memory Limit: None megabytes

Problem Description:
Vasya is studying in the last class of school and soon he will take exams. He decided to study polynomials. Polynomial is a function *P*(*x*)<==<=*a*0<=+<=*a*1*x*1<=+<=...<=+<=*a**n**x**n*. Numbers *a**i* are called coefficients of a polynomial, non-negative integer *n* is called a degree of a polynomial.

Vasya has made a bet with his friends that he can solve any problem with polynomials. They suggested him the problem: "Determine how many polynomials *P*(*x*) exist with integer non-negative coefficients so that , and , where  and *b* are given positive integers"? 

Vasya does not like losing bets, but he has no idea how to solve this task, so please help him to solve the problem.

Input Specification:
The input contains three integer positive numbers  no greater than 1018.

Output Specification:
If there is an infinite number of such polynomials, then print "inf" without quotes, otherwise print the reminder of an answer modulo 109<=+<=7.

Demo Input:
['2 2 2\n', '2 3 3\n']

Demo Output:
['2\n', '1\n']

Note:
none

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
A schoolboy Petya studies square equations. The equations that are included in the school curriculum, usually look simple: 

x2 + 2bx + c = 0 where b, c are natural numbers.

Petya noticed that some equations have two real roots, some of them have only one root and some equations don't have real roots at all. Moreover it turned out that several different square equations can have a common root.

Petya is interested in how many different real roots have all the equations of the type described above for all the possible pairs of numbers b and c such that 1 ≤ b ≤ n, 1 ≤ c ≤ m. Help Petya find that number.

Input

The single line contains two integers n and m. (1 ≤ n, m ≤ 5000000).

Output

Print a single number which is the number of real roots of the described set of equations.

Examples

Input

3 3


Output

12


Input

1 2


Output

1

Note

In the second test from the statement the following equations are analysed:

b = 1, c = 1: x2 + 2x + 1 = 0; The root is x = - 1

b = 1, c = 2: x2 + 2x + 2 = 0; No roots

Overall there's one root

In the second test the following equations are analysed:

b = 1, c = 1: x2 + 2x + 1 = 0; The root is x = - 1

b = 1, c = 2: x2 + 2x + 2 = 0; No roots

b = 1, c = 3: x2 + 2x + 3 = 0; No roots

b = 2, c = 1: x2 + 4x + 1 = 0; The roots are <image>

b = 2, c = 2: x2 + 4x + 2 = 0; The roots are <image>

b = 2, c = 3: x2 + 4x + 3 = 0; The roots are x1 = - 3, x2 = - 1

b = 3, c = 1: x2 + 6x + 1 = 0; The roots are <image>

b = 3, c = 2: x2 + 6x + 2 = 0; The roots are <image>

b = 3, c = 3: x2 + 6x + 3 = 0; The roots are <image> Overall there are 13 roots and as the root  - 1 is repeated twice, that means there are 12 different roots.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
There are N pinholes on the xy-plane. The i-th pinhole is located at (x_i,y_i).
We will denote the Manhattan distance between the i-th and j-th pinholes as d(i,j)(=|x_i-x_j|+|y_i-y_j|).
You have a peculiar pair of compasses, called Manhattan Compass.
This instrument always points at two of the pinholes.
The two legs of the compass are indistinguishable, thus we do not distinguish the following two states: the state where the compass points at the p-th and q-th pinholes, and the state where it points at the q-th and p-th pinholes.
When the compass points at the p-th and q-th pinholes and d(p,q)=d(p,r), one of the legs can be moved so that the compass will point at the p-th and r-th pinholes.
Initially, the compass points at the a-th and b-th pinholes.
Find the number of the pairs of pinholes that can be pointed by the compass.

-----Constraints-----
 - 2≦N≦10^5
 - 1≦x_i, y_i≦10^9
 - 1≦a < b≦N
 - When i ≠ j, (x_i, y_i) ≠ (x_j, y_j)
 - x_i and y_i are integers.

-----Input-----
The input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
N a b
x_1 y_1
:
x_N y_N

-----Output-----
Print the number of the pairs of pinholes that can be pointed by the compass.

-----Sample Input-----
5 1 2
1 1
4 3
6 1
5 5
4 8

-----Sample Output-----
4

Initially, the compass points at the first and second pinholes.
Since d(1,2) = d(1,3), the compass can be moved so that it will point at the first and third pinholes.
Since d(1,3) = d(3,4), the compass can also point at the third and fourth pinholes.
Since d(1,2) = d(2,5), the compass can also point at the second and fifth pinholes.
No other pairs of pinholes can be pointed by the compass, thus the answer is 4.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Iahub helps his grandfather at the farm. Today he must milk the cows. There are n cows sitting in a row, numbered from 1 to n from left to right. Each cow is either facing to the left or facing to the right. When Iahub milks a cow, all the cows that see the current cow get scared and lose one unit of the quantity of milk that they can give. A cow facing left sees all the cows with lower indices than her index, and a cow facing right sees all the cows with higher indices than her index. A cow that got scared once can get scared again (and lose one more unit of milk). A cow that has been milked once cannot get scared and lose any more milk. You can assume that a cow never loses all the milk she can give (a cow gives an infinitely amount of milk).

Iahub can decide the order in which he milks the cows. But he must milk each cow exactly once. Iahub wants to lose as little milk as possible. Print the minimum amount of milk that is lost.


-----Input-----

The first line contains an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 200000). The second line contains n integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n}, where a_{i} is 0 if the cow number i is facing left, and 1 if it is facing right.


-----Output-----

Print a single integer, the minimum amount of lost milk.

Please, do not write the %lld specifier to read or write 64-bit integers in С++. It is preferred to use the cin, cout streams or the %I64d specifier.


-----Examples-----
Input
4
0 0 1 0

Output
1
Input
5
1 0 1 0 1

Output
3


-----Note-----

In the first sample Iahub milks the cows in the following order: cow 3, cow 4, cow 2, cow 1. When he milks cow 3, cow 4 loses 1 unit of milk. After that, no more milk is lost.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Fox Ciel has n boxes in her room. They have the same size and weight, but they might have different strength. The i-th box can hold at most x_{i} boxes on its top (we'll call x_{i} the strength of the box). 

Since all the boxes have the same size, Ciel cannot put more than one box directly on the top of some box. For example, imagine Ciel has three boxes: the first has strength 2, the second has strength 1 and the third has strength 1. She cannot put the second and the third box simultaneously directly on the top of the first one. But she can put the second box directly on the top of the first one, and then the third box directly on the top of the second one. We will call such a construction of boxes a pile.[Image]

Fox Ciel wants to construct piles from all the boxes. Each pile will contain some boxes from top to bottom, and there cannot be more than x_{i} boxes on the top of i-th box. What is the minimal number of piles she needs to construct?


-----Input-----

The first line contains an integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100). The next line contains n integers x_1, x_2, ..., x_{n} (0 ≤ x_{i} ≤ 100).


-----Output-----

Output a single integer — the minimal possible number of piles.


-----Examples-----
Input
3
0 0 10

Output
2

Input
5
0 1 2 3 4

Output
1

Input
4
0 0 0 0

Output
4

Input
9
0 1 0 2 0 1 1 2 10

Output
3



-----Note-----

In example 1, one optimal way is to build 2 piles: the first pile contains boxes 1 and 3 (from top to bottom), the second pile contains only box 2.[Image]

In example 2, we can build only 1 pile that contains boxes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 (from top to bottom).[Image]

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Given an array of bird sightings where every element represents a bird type id, determine the id of the most frequently sighted type.  If more than 1 type has been spotted that maximum amount, return the smallest of their ids.

Example 

$arr=[1,1,2,2,3]$   

There are two each of types $1$ and $2$, and one sighting of type $3$.  Pick the lower of the two types seen twice: type $1$.  

Function Description

Complete the migratoryBirds function in the editor below.    

migratoryBirds has the following parameter(s):  

int arr[n]: the types of birds sighted   

Returns   

int: the lowest type id of the most frequently sighted birds   

Input Format

The first line contains an integer, $n$, the size of $\textbf{arr}$. 

The second line describes $\textbf{arr}$ as $n$ space-separated integers, each a type number of the bird sighted.

Constraints

$5\leq n\leq2\times10^5$
It is guaranteed that each type is $1$, $2$, $3$, $4$, or $5$.

Sample Input 0
6
1 4 4 4 5 3

Sample Output 0
4

Explanation 0

The different types of birds occur in the following frequencies:

Type $1$: $1$ bird
Type $2$: $0$ birds
Type $3$: $1$ bird
Type $4$: $3$ birds
Type $5$: $1$ bird

The type number that occurs at the highest frequency is type $4$, so we print $4$ as our answer.

Sample Input 1
11
1 2 3 4 5 4 3 2 1 3 4

Sample Output 1
3

Explanation 1

The different types of birds occur in the following frequencies:  

Type $1$: $2$  
Type $2$: $2$  
Type $3$: $3$  
Type $4$: $3$  
Type $5$: $1$  

Two types have a frequency of $3$, and the lower of those is type $3$.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Title: Teodor is not a liar!

Time Limit: None seconds

Memory Limit: None megabytes

Problem Description:
Young Teodor enjoys drawing. His favourite hobby is drawing segments with integer borders inside his huge [1;*m*] segment. One day Teodor noticed that picture he just drawn has one interesting feature: there doesn't exist an integer point, that belongs each of segments in the picture. Having discovered this fact, Teodor decided to share it with Sasha.

Sasha knows that Teodor likes to show off so he never trusts him. Teodor wants to prove that he can be trusted sometimes, so he decided to convince Sasha that there is no such integer point in his picture, which belongs to each segment. However Teodor is lazy person and neither wills to tell Sasha all coordinates of segments' ends nor wills to tell him their amount, so he suggested Sasha to ask him series of questions 'Given the integer point *x**i*, how many segments in Fedya's picture contain that point?', promising to tell correct answers for this questions.

Both boys are very busy studying and don't have much time, so they ask you to find out how many questions can Sasha ask Teodor, that having only answers on his questions, Sasha can't be sure that Teodor isn't lying to him. Note that Sasha doesn't know amount of segments in Teodor's picture. Sure, Sasha is smart person and never asks about same point twice.

Input Specification:
First line of input contains two integer numbers: *n* and *m* (1<=≤<=*n*,<=*m*<=≤<=100<=000) — amount of segments of Teodor's picture and maximal coordinate of point that Sasha can ask about.

*i*th of next *n* lines contains two integer numbers *l**i* and *r**i* (1<=≤<=*l**i*<=≤<=*r**i*<=≤<=*m*) — left and right ends of *i*th segment in the picture. Note that that left and right ends of segment can be the same point.

It is guaranteed that there is no integer point, that belongs to all segments.

Output Specification:
Single line of output should contain one integer number *k* – size of largest set (*x**i*,<=*cnt*(*x**i*)) where all *x**i* are different, 1<=≤<=*x**i*<=≤<=*m*, and *cnt*(*x**i*) is amount of segments, containing point with coordinate *x**i*, such that one can't be sure that there doesn't exist point, belonging to all of segments in initial picture, if he knows only this set(and doesn't know *n*).

Demo Input:
['2 4\n1 2\n3 4\n', '4 6\n1 3\n2 3\n4 6\n5 6\n']

Demo Output:
['4\n', '5\n']

Note:
First example shows situation where Sasha can never be sure that Teodor isn't lying to him, because even if one knows *cnt*(*x*<sub class="lower-index">*i*</sub>) for each point in segment [1;4], he can't distinguish this case from situation Teodor has drawn whole [1;4] segment.

In second example Sasha can ask about 5 points e.g. 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, still not being sure if Teodor haven't lied to him. But once he knows information about all points in [1;6] segment, Sasha can be sure that Teodor haven't lied to him.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Grigoriy, like the hero of one famous comedy film, found a job as a night security guard at the museum. At first night he received embosser and was to take stock of the whole exposition.

Embosser is a special devise that allows to "print" the text of a plastic tape. Text is printed sequentially, character by character. The device consists of a wheel with a lowercase English letters written in a circle, static pointer to the current letter and a button that print the chosen letter. At one move it's allowed to rotate the alphabetic wheel one step clockwise or counterclockwise. Initially, static pointer points to letter 'a'. Other letters are located as shown on the picture: [Image] 

After Grigoriy add new item to the base he has to print its name on the plastic tape and attach it to the corresponding exhibit. It's not required to return the wheel to its initial position with pointer on the letter 'a'.

Our hero is afraid that some exhibits may become alive and start to attack him, so he wants to print the names as fast as possible. Help him, for the given string find the minimum number of rotations of the wheel required to print it.


-----Input-----

The only line of input contains the name of some exhibit — the non-empty string consisting of no more than 100 characters. It's guaranteed that the string consists of only lowercase English letters.


-----Output-----

Print one integer — the minimum number of rotations of the wheel, required to print the name given in the input.


-----Examples-----
Input
zeus

Output
18

Input
map

Output
35

Input
ares

Output
34



-----Note-----

  [Image] 

To print the string from the first sample it would be optimal to perform the following sequence of rotations:   from 'a' to 'z' (1 rotation counterclockwise),  from 'z' to 'e' (5 clockwise rotations),  from 'e' to 'u' (10 rotations counterclockwise),  from 'u' to 's' (2 counterclockwise rotations).  In total, 1 + 5 + 10 + 2 = 18 rotations are required.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Given an array, return the difference between the count of even numbers and the count of odd numbers. `0` will be considered an even number. 

```
For example:
solve([0,1,2,3]) = 0 because there are two even numbers and two odd numbers. Even - Odd = 2 - 2 = 0.  
```

Let's now add two letters to the last example: 
```
solve([0,1,2,3,'a','b']) = 0. Again, Even - Odd = 2 - 2 = 0. Ignore letters. 
```

The input will be an array of lowercase letters and numbers only. 

In some languages (Haskell, C++, and others), input will be an array of strings:

```
solve ["0","1","2","3","a","b"] = 0 
```

Good luck!

If you like this Kata, please try: 

[Longest vowel chain](https://www.codewars.com/kata/59c5f4e9d751df43cf000035)

[Word values](https://www.codewars.com/kata/598d91785d4ce3ec4f000018)

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Title: Olesya and Rodion

Time Limit: None seconds

Memory Limit: None megabytes

Problem Description:
Olesya loves numbers consisting of *n* digits, and Rodion only likes numbers that are divisible by *t*. Find some number that satisfies both of them.

Your task is: given the *n* and *t* print an integer strictly larger than zero consisting of *n* digits that is divisible by *t*. If such number doesn't exist, print <=-<=1.

Input Specification:
The single line contains two numbers, *n* and *t* (1<=≤<=*n*<=≤<=100, 2<=≤<=*t*<=≤<=10) — the length of the number and the number it should be divisible by.

Output Specification:
Print one such positive number without leading zeroes, — the answer to the problem, or <=-<=1, if such number doesn't exist. If there are multiple possible answers, you are allowed to print any of them.

Demo Input:
['3 2\n']

Demo Output:
['712']

Note:
none

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Sereja has a bracket sequence s_1, s_2, ..., s_{n}, or, in other words, a string s of length n, consisting of characters "(" and ")".

Sereja needs to answer m queries, each of them is described by two integers l_{i}, r_{i} (1 ≤ l_{i} ≤ r_{i} ≤ n). The answer to the i-th query is the length of the maximum correct bracket subsequence of sequence s_{l}_{i}, s_{l}_{i} + 1, ..., s_{r}_{i}. Help Sereja answer all queries.

You can find the definitions for a subsequence and a correct bracket sequence in the notes.


-----Input-----

The first line contains a sequence of characters s_1, s_2, ..., s_{n} (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^6) without any spaces. Each character is either a "(" or a ")". The second line contains integer m (1 ≤ m ≤ 10^5) — the number of queries. Each of the next m lines contains a pair of integers. The i-th line contains integers l_{i}, r_{i} (1 ≤ l_{i} ≤ r_{i} ≤ n) — the description of the i-th query.


-----Output-----

Print the answer to each question on a single line. Print the answers in the order they go in the input.


-----Examples-----
Input
())(())(())(
7
1 1
2 3
1 2
1 12
8 12
5 11
2 10

Output
0
0
2
10
4
6
6



-----Note-----

A subsequence of length |x| of string s = s_1s_2... s_{|}s| (where |s| is the length of string s) is string x = s_{k}_1s_{k}_2... s_{k}_{|}x| (1 ≤ k_1 < k_2 < ... < k_{|}x| ≤ |s|).

A correct bracket sequence is a bracket sequence that can be transformed into a correct aryphmetic expression by inserting characters "1" and "+" between the characters of the string. For example, bracket sequences "()()", "(())" are correct (the resulting expressions "(1)+(1)", "((1+1)+1)"), and ")(" and "(" are not.

For the third query required sequence will be «()».

For the fourth query required sequence will be «()(())(())».

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
There are a number of plants in a garden. Each of the plants has been treated with some amount of pesticide. After each day, if any plant has more pesticide than the plant on its left, being weaker than the left one, it dies.  

You are given the initial values of the pesticide in each of the plants. Determine the number of days after which no plant dies, i.e. the time after which there is no plant with more pesticide content than the plant to its left.  

Example  

$p=[3,6,2,7,5]$  // pesticide levels

Use a $1$-indexed array.  On day $1$, plants $2$ and $\begin{array}{c}4\end{array}$ die leaving $p'=[3,2,5]$.  On day $2$, plant $3$ in $p'$ dies leaving $p''=[3,2]$.  There is no plant with a higher concentration of pesticide than the one to its left, so plants stop dying after day $2$.  

Function Description 

Complete the function poisonousPlants in the editor below.  

poisonousPlants has the following parameter(s):

int p[n]: the pesticide levels in each plant  

Returns 

- int: the number of days until plants no longer die from pesticide  

Input Format

The first line contains an integer $n$, the size of the array $\boldsymbol{p}$. 

The next line contains $n$ space-separated integers $p[i]$.  

Constraints

$1\leq n\leq10^5$ 

$0\leq p[i]\leq10^9$

Sample Input
7
6 5 8 4 7 10 9

Sample Output
2

Explanation

Initially all plants are alive.  

Plants = {(6,1), (5,2), (8,3), (4,4), (7,5), (10,6), (9,7)}   

Plants[k] = (i,j) => $j^{th}$ plant has pesticide amount = i.  

After the$ 1^{st} $day, 4 plants remain as plants 3, 5, and 6 die.  

Plants = {(6,1), (5,2), (4,4), (9,7)}  

After the $2^{nd} $day, 3 plants survive as plant 7 dies.

Plants = {(6,1), (5,2), (4,4)}  

Plants stop dying after the $2^{nd}$ day.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
## Task
Given an array of strings, reverse them and their order in such way that their length stays the same as the length of the original inputs.

### Example:

```
Input:  {"I", "like", "big", "butts", "and", "I", "cannot", "lie!"}
Output: {"!", "eilt", "onn", "acIdn", "ast", "t", "ubgibe", "kilI"}
```

Good luck!

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.