vgel/INTELLECT-2-RL-Dataset-Code-Only huggingface dataset:
You are Dastan, the great Prince of Persia!
After searching long for the mysterious 'Sands of Time', you have finally arrived at the gates of the city that hosts the ancient temple of the gods. However, the gate is locked and it can only be opened with a secret code, which you need to obtain by solving the following puzzle:
There is a table in front of you, with $N$ coins placed in a row and numbered $1$ through $N$ from left to right. For each coin, you know whether it is initially showing heads or tails. You have to perform exactly $K$ operations. In one operation, you should remove the rightmost coin present on the table, and if this coin was showing heads right before it was removed, then you should also flip all the remaining coins. (If a coin was showing heads, then after it is flipped, it is showing tails, and vice versa.)
The code needed to enter the temple is the number of coins which, after these $K$ operations are performed, have not been removed and are showing heads. Can you find this number? The fate of Persia lies in your hands…

-----Input-----
- The first line of the input contains a single integer $T$ denoting the number of test cases. The description of $T$ test cases follows.
- The first line of each test case contains two space-separated integers $N$ and $K$.
- The second line contains $N$ space-separated characters. For each valid $i$, the $i$-th of these characters is 'H' if the $i$-th coin is initially showing heads or 'T' if it is showing tails.

-----Output-----
For each test case, print a single line containing one integer ― the number of coins that are showing heads after $K$ operations.

-----Constraints-----
- $1 \le T \le 200$
- $1 \le K < N \le 100$

-----Subtasks-----
Subtask #1 (100 points): original constraints

-----Example Input-----
3
5 3
H T T H T
7 4
H H T T T H H
6 1
T H T H T T

-----Example Output-----
1
2
2

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Ma5termind is very fond of ice-creams. He bought himself N ice-creams of two types which are represented in the form of string of 0's and 1's such that 0 represents ice-cream of type 1 and 1 represents ice-cream of other type. Now he is in dilemma to eat which ice-cream first.So to make things simple he decided to eat all ice-cream of one type first and then the other type ice-cream. But ice-cream of both types are arranged in random order. He can perform a swap operation in which he can swap ice-cream from any position i and j.
Now ma5termind wants to seggregate ice-cream of two types in minimum possible number of swaps otherwise ice cream will melt and he will become sad.

Help him figure out the minimum number of swaps needed. 
Input:
Each input file will contain a T test case.
First line will contain N the number of ice-creams and the next line will contain a string of 0's and 1's denoting the types of ice-creams.

Ouput:
For each testcase print a single integer denoting the minimum swaps.
Constraints:

1 ≤ T ≤ 5 
1 ≤ N ≤ 10^5

See sample I/O for more clarification.

Scoring:

subtask 1: 1 ≤ N ≤ 1000 ( 20 pts )
subtask 2: 1 ≤ N ≤ 10^5 ( 80 pts )

SAMPLE INPUT
2
4
1001
4
1010

SAMPLE OUTPUT
1
1

Explanation

In the first sample test we can get 1100 by swaping ice-cream from position 2nd and 4th and swaps operations performed will be 1.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Given are integers A, B, and N.
Find the maximum possible value of floor(Ax/B) - A × floor(x/B) for a non-negative integer x not greater than N.
Here floor(t) denotes the greatest integer not greater than the real number t.

-----Constraints-----
 - 1 ≤ A ≤ 10^{6}
 - 1 ≤ B ≤ 10^{12}
 - 1 ≤ N ≤ 10^{12}
 - All values in input are integers.

-----Input-----
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
A B N

-----Output-----
Print the maximum possible value of floor(Ax/B) - A × floor(x/B) for a non-negative integer x not greater than N, as an integer.

-----Sample Input-----
5 7 4

-----Sample Output-----
2

When x=3, floor(Ax/B)-A×floor(x/B) = floor(15/7) - 5×floor(3/7) = 2. This is the maximum value possible.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
In this Kata, you're to complete the function `sum_square_even_root_odd`.

You will be given a list of numbers, `nums`, as the only argument to the function. Take each number in the list and *square* it if it is even, or *square root* the number if it is odd. Take this new list and find the *sum*, rounding to two decimal places.

The list will never be empty and will only contain values that are greater than or equal to zero.

Good luck!

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Title: Stepan and Vowels

Time Limit: None seconds

Memory Limit: None megabytes

Problem Description:
Stepan likes to repeat vowel letters when he writes words. For example, instead of the word "pobeda" he can write "pobeeeedaaaaa".

Sergey does not like such behavior, so he wants to write a program to format the words written by Stepan. This program must combine all consecutive equal vowels to a single vowel. The vowel letters are "a", "e", "i", "o", "u" and "y".

There are exceptions: if letters "e" or "o" repeat in a row exactly 2 times, like in words "feet" and "foot", the program must skip them and do not transform in one vowel. For example, the word "iiiimpleeemeentatiioon" must be converted to the word "implemeentatioon".

Sergey is very busy and asks you to help him and write the required program.

Input Specification:
The first line contains the integer *n* (1<=≤<=*n*<=≤<=100<=000) — the number of letters in the word written by Stepan.

The second line contains the string *s* which has length that equals to *n* and contains only lowercase English letters — the word written by Stepan.

Output Specification:
Print the single string — the word written by Stepan converted according to the rules described in the statement.

Demo Input:
['13\npobeeeedaaaaa\n', '22\niiiimpleeemeentatiioon\n', '18\naeiouyaaeeiioouuyy\n', '24\naaaoooiiiuuuyyyeeeggghhh\n']

Demo Output:
['pobeda\n', 'implemeentatioon\n', 'aeiouyaeeioouy\n', 'aoiuyeggghhh\n']

Note:
none

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
You own a disco called the Boogie Always Persists Club. The club is famous for its multiple interconnected rooms to twist and shout in. The rooms and the corridors between them form a maze-like structure and for added bonus you have made all the corridors one-way. However, it turns out not everyone is as happy with your club as you are. Recently the fire safety inspectors came by and they were not amused by what they saw: if a fire were to break out in one of the rooms, people would have great difficulty finding the fire exits and might even start running around in circles! They find this completely unacceptable and order you to improve things as quickly as possible. They insist that you have to make sure that no one can run around in circles in the club by removing some of the corridors between the rooms.

You, on the other hand, want to retain the attractiveness of the rooms. You do not want to remove too many corridors, because then people will no longer visit your club. You decide that at most half of the corridors may be removed.

Given the layout of the club, remove at most half of the corridors so that no cycles remain.

-----Input-----
 - One line containing the number of rooms $1\leq n\leq 10^5$ and the number of corridors $0\leq m\leq 2\cdot 10^5$.
 - Then follow $m$ lines, each containing two different $1$-based integers $u$ and $v$ indicating a corridor from room $u$ to room $v$. There will be no corridor from a room to itself, nor will there be more than one corridor from one room to any other single room.

-----Output-----
 - On the first line, print a single integer $0\leq r\leq m/2$, the number of corridors to be removed.
 - Then print $r$ lines containing the $1$-based indices of the corridors that need to be removed to ensure that dancers cannot go around in circles in the disco anymore.

If there are multiple valid solutions, you may output any one of them.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
2 2
1 2
2 1
Sample Output 1:
1
2

Sample Input 2:
3 3
1 2
2 3
3 1
Sample Output 2:
1
1

Sample Input 3:
4 5
1 2
1 3
3 2
2 4
3 4
Sample Output 3:
0

Sample Input 4:
4 5
1 2
2 3
2 4
3 1
4 1
Sample Output 4:
2
4
5

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Pasijans, patience, or solitaire is the name for a group of single player card games. One new such game, so new it has no name, is played with cards sporting random integers as values. The game starts by shuffling all cards and distributing them in $N$ sequences, not necessarily of equal length.

During each turn, the player can remove the first card in any sequence and place it at the end of the “Solution sequence”. The card that was second in the selected sequence now becomes the first and the turn ends. Of course once the card is in the “Solution sequence” it cannot be removed, replaced or altered in any way. So don’t even try.

The game ends when all cards are in the “Solution sequence”. The object of the game is to construct the best possible “Solution sequence”. One sequence is better than the other if for the first cards they differ, lets call them $X$ and $Y$, the value on the card $X$ is smaller than the value on the card $Y$.

Write a program that finds the best possible “Solution sequence”.

-----Input-----
The first line contains one integer $N$ ($1 \leq N \leq 1000$), the number of starting sequences.

The next $N$ lines contain descriptions of input sequences. Each line starts with an integer $L$ ($1 \leq L \leq 1000$), the length of the sequence. It is followed by $L$ positive integers, each at most $100000000$.

-----Output-----
One line containing $\sum L$ numbers, the best possible “Solution sequence” obtainable.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
3
1 2
1 100
1 1
Sample Output 1:
1 2 100

Sample Input 2:
2
5 10 20 30 40 50
2 28 27
Sample Output 2:
10 20 28 27 30 40 50

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Given a number as integer s, find the sum of all the elements present in all possible subsequences of s. 
Example 1:
Input:  S = "123" 
Output: 24
Explanation: {1}, {2}, {3}, {1, 2}, {2, 3}
{1, 3}, {1, 2, 3} are all possible sub-
sequences
Example 2:
Input:  S = "5"
Output: 5
Explanation: {5} is the only possible 
sub sequence
User Task:
Your task is to complete the function subsequnceSum() which takes a single string as inputs and returns the sum. You need not take any input or print anything.
Expected Time Complexity: O(|s|)
Expected Auxiliary Space: O(1)
Constraints:
1 <= |S| <= 20

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Harold always boasted about his prowess with numbers. So one day Reese challenged him to a problem. He gave Harold two numbers X and Y and asked him to find out the N^th number of the series which began with X numbers of Y’s and the following elements are equal to the sum of the last X numbers in the series. Help Harold find the  N^th number of the series. 

Input:
The first line contains a number T , number of test cases.
The next T lines each contain 3 integers X, Y and N separated by single space.

Output: 
For each test case print the N^th number of the sequence.

Constraints:
1 ≤ T ≤ 10^6
0 < N ≤ 50
0 < X < 50
0 ≤ Y< 3

Problem statement in native language :  http://hck.re/F91Yaz

SAMPLE INPUT
1
3 2 7

SAMPLE OUTPUT
34

Explanation

For X=3,Y=2 the series will be as follow:
2, 2, 2, 6, 10, 18, 34

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Your task is to read a picture of a chessboard position and print it in the chess notation.

-----Input-----
The input consists of an ASCII-art picture of a chessboard with chess pieces on positions described by the input. The pieces of the white player are shown in upper-case letters, while the black player’s pieces are lower-case letters. The letters are one of “K” (King), “Q” (Queen), “R” (Rook), “B” (Bishop), “N” (Knight), or “P” (Pawn). The chessboard outline is made of plus (“+”), minus (“-”), and pipe (“|”) characters. The black fields are filled with colons (“:”), white fields with dots (“.”).

-----Output-----
The output consists of two lines. The first line consists of the string “White: ”, followed by the description of positions of the pieces of the white player. The second line consists of the string “Black: ”, followed by the description of positions of the pieces of the black player.

The description of the position of the pieces is a comma-separated list of terms (without any spaces) describing the pieces of the appropriate player. The description of a piece consists of a single upper-case letter that denotes the type of the piece (except for pawns, for that this identifier is omitted). This letter is immediatelly followed by the position of the piece in the standard chess notation – a lower-case letter between “a” and “h” that determines the column (“a” is the leftmost column in the input) and a single digit between $1$ and $8$ that determines the row ($8$ is the first row in the input).

The pieces in the description must appear in the following order: Kings (“K”), Queens (“Q”), Rooks (“R”), Bishops (“B”), Knights (“N”), and pawns.

Note that the numbers of pieces may differ from the initial position, and might not even correspond to a situation that could arise in a valid chess game.

In case two pieces of the same type appear in the input, the piece with the smaller row number must be described before the other one if the pieces are white, and the one with the larger row number must be described first if the pieces are black. If two pieces of the same type appear in the same row, the one with the smaller column letter must appear first.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input:
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|.r.|:::|.b.|:q:|.k.|:::|.n.|:r:|
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|:p:|.p.|:p:|.p.|:p:|.p.|:::|.p.|
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|...|:::|.n.|:::|...|:::|...|:p:|
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|:::|...|:::|...|:::|...|:::|...|
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|...|:::|...|:::|.P.|:::|...|:::|
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|:P:|...|:::|...|:::|...|:::|...|
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|.P.|:::|.P.|:P:|...|:P:|.P.|:P:|
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
|:R:|.N.|:B:|.Q.|:K:|.B.|:::|.R.|
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
Sample Output:
White: Ke1,Qd1,Ra1,Rh1,Bc1,Bf1,Nb1,a2,c2,d2,f2,g2,h2,a3,e4
Black: Ke8,Qd8,Ra8,Rh8,Bc8,Ng8,Nc6,a7,b7,c7,d7,e7,f7,h7,h6

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
You may have seen puzzles, sometimes called cryptarithmetic puzzles, or simply cryptarithms, that look like this:SEND+MORE=MONEY

The goal of this kind of puzzle is to replace each letter with a (base-$10$) digit so that the resulting arithmetic equality holds. Here are the rules:
 - A given letter must always be replaced by the same digit.
 - Different letters must be replaced by different digits.
 - The leading (leftmost) letter of any word cannot be replaced by 0.

For example, if we try to solve the above puzzle, we find that the following replacements work:S$\rightarrow $9, E$\rightarrow $5, N$\rightarrow $6, D$\rightarrow $7, M$\rightarrow $1, O$\rightarrow $0, R$\rightarrow $8, Y$\rightarrow $2

This gives us a correct equality:9567+1085=10652

Your task is to write a program to solve such puzzles. Note that some cryptarithmetic puzzles are impossible to solve. An example is:A+A=A

Here the only way to make the equality hold is to replace A with 0, but this violates the rule that the first (and in this case only) letter of any word cannot be replaced by 0.

Also note that some puzzles may have multiple solutions. In this situation, find the solution in which the alphabetically lowest letter is replaced by lowest possible digit, then the second lowest letter is replaced by the lowest possible unused digit, then the third lowest letter is replaced by the lowest possible unused digit, etc. An example is:C+B=A

Clearly this has more than one solution, but the minimal solution, as described above, is:2+1=3

-----Input-----
The input consists of a line containing a single puzzle. A puzzle is a string of characters of the form $w_1$+$w_2$=$w_3$, where $w1$, $w_2$, $w_3$ are words, and ‘+’ and ‘=’ are the usual “plus” and ”equals” characters (ASCII values $43$ and $61$, respectively). A word is a nonempty string of uppercase letters (A–Z). The maximum length of any puzzle is $100$.

-----Output-----
For each puzzle, output a single line containing the minimal solution if the puzzle is solvable, or “impossible” if the puzzle is not solvable. Note that a solution must contain exactly the same number of characters as the corresponding puzzle, with ‘+’ and ‘=’ characters in the same positions as in the puzzle, and all letters replaced by digits (0–9).

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
SEND+MORE=MONEY
Sample Output 1:
9567+1085=10652

Sample Input 2:
A+A=A
Sample Output 2:
impossible

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Stepan likes to repeat vowel letters when he writes words. For example, instead of the word "pobeda" he can write "pobeeeedaaaaa".

Sergey does not like such behavior, so he wants to write a program to format the words written by Stepan. This program must combine all consecutive equal vowels to a single vowel. The vowel letters are "a", "e", "i", "o", "u" and "y".

There are exceptions: if letters "e" or "o" repeat in a row exactly 2 times, like in words "feet" and "foot", the program must skip them and do not transform in one vowel. For example, the word "iiiimpleeemeentatiioon" must be converted to the word "implemeentatioon".

Sergey is very busy and asks you to help him and write the required program.


-----Input-----

The first line contains the integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 100 000) — the number of letters in the word written by Stepan.

The second line contains the string s which has length that equals to n and contains only lowercase English letters — the word written by Stepan.


-----Output-----

Print the single string — the word written by Stepan converted according to the rules described in the statement.


-----Examples-----
Input
13
pobeeeedaaaaa

Output
pobeda

Input
22
iiiimpleeemeentatiioon

Output
implemeentatioon

Input
18
aeiouyaaeeiioouuyy

Output
aeiouyaeeioouy

Input
24
aaaoooiiiuuuyyyeeeggghhh

Output
aoiuyeggghhh

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
The city administration of IT City decided to fix up a symbol of scientific and technical progress in the city's main square, namely an indicator board that shows the effect of Moore's law in real time.

Moore's law is the observation that the number of transistors in a dense integrated circuit doubles approximately every 24 months. The implication of Moore's law is that computer performance as function of time increases exponentially as well.

You are to prepare information that will change every second to display on the indicator board. Let's assume that every second the number of transistors increases exactly 1.000000011 times.


-----Input-----

The only line of the input contains a pair of integers n (1000 ≤ n ≤ 10 000) and t (0 ≤ t ≤ 2 000 000 000) — the number of transistors in the initial time and the number of seconds passed since the initial time.


-----Output-----

Output one number — the estimate of the number of transistors in a dence integrated circuit in t seconds since the initial time. The relative error of your answer should not be greater than 10^{ - 6}.


-----Examples-----
Input
1000 1000000

Output
1011.060722383550382782399454922040

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Ksenia has an array $a$ consisting of $n$ positive integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$. 

In one operation she can do the following:   choose three distinct indices $i$, $j$, $k$, and then  change all of $a_i, a_j, a_k$ to $a_i \oplus a_j \oplus a_k$ simultaneously, where $\oplus$ denotes the bitwise XOR operation. 

She wants to make all $a_i$ equal in at most $n$ operations, or to determine that it is impossible to do so. She wouldn't ask for your help, but please, help her!


-----Input-----

The first line contains one integer $n$ ($3 \leq n \leq 10^5$) — the length of $a$.

The second line contains $n$ integers, $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ ($1 \leq a_i \leq 10^9$) — elements of $a$.


-----Output-----

Print YES or NO in the first line depending on whether it is possible to make all elements equal in at most $n$ operations.

If it is possible, print an integer $m$ ($0 \leq m \leq n$), which denotes the number of operations you do.

In each of the next $m$ lines, print three distinct integers $i, j, k$, representing one operation. 

If there are many such operation sequences possible, print any. Note that you do not have to minimize the number of operations.


-----Examples-----
Input
5
4 2 1 7 2

Output
YES
1
1 3 4
Input
4
10 4 49 22

Output
NO



-----Note-----

In the first example, the array becomes $[4 \oplus 1 \oplus 7, 2, 4 \oplus 1 \oplus 7, 4 \oplus 1 \oplus 7, 2] = [2, 2, 2, 2, 2]$.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Erelong Leha was bored by calculating of the greatest common divisor of two factorials. Therefore he decided to solve some crosswords. It's well known that it is a very interesting occupation though it can be very difficult from time to time. In the course of solving one of the crosswords, Leha had to solve a simple task. You are able to do it too, aren't you?

Leha has two strings s and t. The hacker wants to change the string s at such way, that it can be found in t as a substring. All the changes should be the following: Leha chooses one position in the string s and replaces the symbol in this position with the question mark "?". The hacker is sure that the question mark in comparison can play the role of an arbitrary symbol. For example, if he gets string s="ab?b" as a result, it will appear in t="aabrbb" as a substring.

Guaranteed that the length of the string s doesn't exceed the length of the string t. Help the hacker to replace in s as few symbols as possible so that the result of the replacements can be found in t as a substring. The symbol "?" should be considered equal to any other symbol.


-----Input-----

The first line contains two integers n and m (1 ≤ n ≤ m ≤ 1000) — the length of the string s and the length of the string t correspondingly.

The second line contains n lowercase English letters — string s.

The third line contains m lowercase English letters — string t.


-----Output-----

In the first line print single integer k — the minimal number of symbols that need to be replaced.

In the second line print k distinct integers denoting the positions of symbols in the string s which need to be replaced. Print the positions in any order. If there are several solutions print any of them. The numbering of the positions begins from one.


-----Examples-----
Input
3 5
abc
xaybz

Output
2
2 3 

Input
4 10
abcd
ebceabazcd

Output
1
2

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.