vgel/INTELLECT-2-RL-Dataset-Code-Only huggingface dataset:
Chef has arrived in Dagobah to meet with Yoda to study cooking. Yoda is a very busy cook and he doesn't want to spend time with losers. So he challenges the Chef to a series of games, and agrees to teach the Chef if Chef can win at least P of the games. The total number of games is K. The games will be played on a chessboard of size N*M. That is, it has N rows, each of which has M squares. At the beginning of the game, a coin is on square (1, 1), which corresponds to the top-left corner, and every other square is empty. At every step, Yoda and Chef have to move the coin on the chessboard. The player who cannot make a move loses. Chef makes the first move. They can't move the coin to a square where it had been placed sometime before in the game, and they can't move outside chessboard.

In this game, there are two different sets of rules according to which the game can be played:

-from (x, y) player can move coin to (x+1, y), (x-1, y), (x, y+1), (x, y-1) in his turn, if they are valid squares.

-from (x, y) player can move coin to (x+1, y+1), (x-1, y-1), (x-1, y+1), (x+1, y-1) in his turn, if they are valid squares.

Before every game, the Power of the kitchen chooses one among the two sets of rules with equal probability of 0.5, and the game will be played according to those rules. Chef and Yoda are very wise, therefore they play optimally. You have to calculate the probability that Yoda will teach Chef.

-----Input-----

Input begins with an integer T, the number of test cases

Each test case begins with 4 integers N, M, P, K.

-----Output-----

For each test case, output a line containing the answer for task. The output must have an absolute error at most 0.000001 (10-6).  

-----Constraints and Subtasks-----
-  1 ≤ T ≤ 50 
-  1 ≤ K 

Subtask 1 : 10 points 

-  2 ≤ N, M ≤ 5 
-  0 ≤ P ≤ K ≤ 5 

Subtusk 2 : 10 points 
-  2 ≤ N, M ≤ 10 
-  0 ≤ P ≤ K ≤ 10^3 

Subtusk 3 : 20 points 
-  2 ≤ N, M ≤ 100 
-  0 ≤ P ≤ K ≤ 10^3 

Subtusk 4 : 60 points
-  2 ≤ N, M ≤ 100 
-  0 ≤ P ≤ K ≤ 10^6 

-----Example-----
Input:
2
2 3 2 3
2 2 5 5
Output:
0.500000
1.000000

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Title: Berland Square

Time Limit: 2 seconds

Memory Limit: 256 megabytes

Problem Description:
Last year the world's largest square was built in Berland. It is known that the square can be represented as an infinite plane with an introduced Cartesian system of coordinates. On that square two sets of concentric circles were painted. Let's call the set of concentric circles with radii 1,<=2,<=...,<=*K* and the center in the point (*z*,<=0) a (*K*,<=*z*)-set. Thus, on the square were painted a (*N*,<=*x*)-set and a (*M*,<=*y*)-set. You have to find out how many parts those sets divided the square into.

Input Specification:
The first line contains integers *N*,<=*x*,<=*M*,<=*y*. (1<=≤<=*N*,<=*M*<=≤<=100000,<=<=-<=100000<=≤<=*x*,<=*y*<=≤<=100000,<=*x*<=≠<=*y*).

Output Specification:
Print the sought number of parts.

Demo Input:
['1 0 1 1\n', '1 0 1 2\n', '3 3 4 7\n']

Demo Output:
['4\n', '3\n', '17\n']

Note:
Picture for the third sample:

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Simple enough this one - you will be given an array. The values in the array will either be numbers or strings, or a mix of both. You will not get an empty array, nor a sparse one.

Your job is to return a single array that has first the numbers sorted in ascending order, followed by the strings sorted in alphabetic order. The values must maintain their original type. 

Note that numbers written as strings are strings and must be sorted with the other strings.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Ringo has a string S.

He can perform the following N kinds of operations any number of times in any order.

* Operation i: For each of the characters from the L_i-th through the R_i-th characters in S, replace it with its succeeding letter in the English alphabet. (That is, replace `a` with `b`, replace `b` with `c` and so on.) For `z`, we assume that its succeeding letter is `a`.



Ringo loves palindromes and wants to turn S into a palindrome. Determine whether this is possible.

Constraints

* 1 \leq |S| \leq 10^5
* S consists of lowercase English letters.
* 1 \leq N \leq 10^5
* 1 \leq L_i \leq R_i \leq |S|

Input

Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:


S
N
L_1 R_1
L_2 R_2
:
L_N R_N


Output

Print `YES` if it is possible to turn S into a palindrome; print `NO` if it is impossible.

Examples

Input

bixzja
2
2 3
3 6


Output

YES


Input

abc
1
2 2


Output

NO


Input

cassert
4
1 2
3 4
1 1
2 2


Output

YES

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Eugene likes working with arrays. And today he needs your help in solving one challenging task.

An array $c$ is a subarray of an array $b$ if $c$ can be obtained from $b$ by deletion of several (possibly, zero or all) elements from the beginning and several (possibly, zero or all) elements from the end.

Let's call a nonempty array good if for every nonempty subarray of this array, sum of the elements of this subarray is nonzero. For example, array $[-1, 2, -3]$ is good, as all arrays $[-1]$, $[-1, 2]$, $[-1, 2, -3]$, $[2]$, $[2, -3]$, $[-3]$ have nonzero sums of elements. However, array $[-1, 2, -1, -3]$ isn't good, as his subarray $[-1, 2, -1]$ has sum of elements equal to $0$.

Help Eugene to calculate the number of nonempty good subarrays of a given array $a$.


-----Input-----

The first line of the input contains a single integer $n$ ($1 \le n \le 2 \times 10^5$)  — the length of array $a$.

The second line of the input contains $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ ($-10^9 \le a_i \le 10^9$)  — the elements of $a$. 


-----Output-----

Output a single integer  — the number of good subarrays of $a$.


-----Examples-----
Input
3
1 2 -3

Output
5

Input
3
41 -41 41

Output
3



-----Note-----

In the first sample, the following subarrays are good: $[1]$, $[1, 2]$, $[2]$, $[2, -3]$, $[-3]$. However, the subarray $[1, 2, -3]$ isn't good, as its subarray $[1, 2, -3]$ has sum of elements equal to $0$.

In the second sample, three subarrays of size 1 are the only good subarrays. At the same time, the subarray $[41, -41, 41]$ isn't good, as its subarray $[41, -41]$ has sum of elements equal to $0$.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Farmer Laura has a barn. In her barn, she has two cows, Monica and Lydia. Monica and Lydia love food, and they are quite lazy. For most of the day they chill out in the barn, waiting for Laura to come serve them a nice meal. Farmer Laura is always very precise about when to serve them food, so Monica and Lydia know exactly when to expect food, the same time every day.

This might sound surprising to you but there’s a problem. Farmer Laura needs your help. She will be replacing some planks in the floor of the barn, which means that the cows have to be moved temporarily from their favorite spots. Since the cows are infinitely lazy, they refuse to walk themselves. Farmer Laura has rented an excellent tool to resolve this issue – a cow crane, designed and crafted specifically for the cow’s comfort.

We visualize the barn as a one-dimensional line. The cow crane starts at time $t = 0$ at position $x = 0$, and it can move one distance unit per second. The crane can only carry one cow at a time, but it may pick up and drop off a cow as many times as necessary. Monica’s current location is at $x = m$, and Lydia is located at $x = l$. Monica will be moved to the temporary location at $x = M$ and Lydia to $x = L$. Monica and Lydia always have their daily meal $t_ m$ and $t_ l$ seconds into the day, so the cows had better be in their respective temporary locations exactly by these times. You may assume that it takes no time for the crane to pick up or drop off a cow and that the two cows can be at the same position at the same time.

-----Task-----
Farmer Laura would like to know if she can move the cows so that both of them are in place at their temporary location no later than their daily meal occurs.

-----Input-----
Input consists of three lines. The first line consists of two integers $m$ and $l$, the current positions of the cows. The second line consists of two integers $M$ and $L$, the new positions of the cows. The third line consists of two integers $t_ m$ and $t_ l$, the time at which the two cows will be served their daily meal. It is guaranteed that $-10^8 \leq m, l, M, L \leq 10^8$ and $1 \leq t_ m, t_ l \leq 10^8$. It is also guaranteed that both cows will actually move, i.e., $m \not= M$ and $l \not= L$.

-----Output-----
Output should consist of a single word. Print “possible” if it is possible to move both cows before they are served their daily meal. Otherwise, print “impossible”.

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
-1 1
-2 2
6 6
Sample Output 1:
possible

Sample Input 2:
-1 1
-2 2
5 5
Sample Output 2:
impossible

Sample Input 3:
-1 1
1 -1
3 5
Sample Output 3:
possible

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
You are given a positive integer N. You have to split each digit of N into either of two non-empty subsequences A or B.  

For example, if N = 104, some possible values of (A, B) can be (10, 4), (14, 0) and (1, 4). Note that, after separating the digits into A and B, these subsequences are considered as positive integers and thus leading zeros can be omitted.

Let us define a function F(X,Y) = (X+Y) \%2. Find out whether it is possible to find two non-empty subsequences A and B formed out of N such that F(A,B) = 0.

------ Input Format ------ 

- First line will contain T, number of test cases. Then the test cases follow.
- Each test case contains of a single line of input, one integer N.

------ Output Format ------ 

For each test case, print \texttt{YES} if it is possible to find two non-empty subsequences A and B formed out of N such that F(A,B) = 0. Otherwise, print \texttt{NO}.

You may print each character of the string in uppercase or lowercase (for example, the strings \texttt{YeS}, \texttt{yEs}, \texttt{yes} and \texttt{YES} will all be treated as identical).

------ Constraints ------ 

$1 ≤ T ≤ 1000$
$10 ≤ N ≤ 10^{9}$

------ subtasks ------ 

Subtask 1 (100 points): Original constraints.

----- Sample Input 1 ------ 
2
10
73452
----- Sample Output 1 ------ 
NO
YES

----- explanation 1 ------ 
Test Case $1$: The only two possibilities are:
- $A = 0, B = 1$: Here $F(A,B) = (A + B) \% 2 = (0 + 1) \% 2 = 1 \% 2 = 1$. 
- $A = 1, B = 0$: Here $F(A,B) = (A + B) \% 2 = (1 + 0) \% 2 = 1 \% 2 = 1$. 
Hence it's not possible to achieve $F(A, B) = 0$.

Test Case $2$: One of the possible ways to split the digits of $N$ such that $F(A,B) = 0$ is:
- $A = 74, B = 352$: Here $F(A,B) = (A + B) \% 2 = (74 +352) \% 2 = 426 \% 2 = 0$.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Title: Red-Green Towers

Time Limit: None seconds

Memory Limit: None megabytes

Problem Description:
There are *r* red and *g* green blocks for construction of the red-green tower. Red-green tower can be built following next rules:
 -  Red-green tower is consisting of some number of levels; -  Let the red-green tower consist of *n* levels, then the first level of this tower should consist of *n* blocks, second level — of *n*<=-<=1 blocks, the third one — of *n*<=-<=2 blocks, and so on — the last level of such tower should consist of the one block. In other words, each successive level should contain one block less than the previous one; -  Each level of the red-green tower should contain blocks of the same color.
Let *h* be the maximum possible number of levels of red-green tower, that can be built out of *r* red and *g* green blocks meeting the rules above. The task is to determine how many different red-green towers having *h* levels can be built out of the available blocks.

Two red-green towers are considered different if there exists some level, that consists of red blocks in the one tower and consists of green blocks in the other tower.

You are to write a program that will find the number of different red-green towers of height *h* modulo 109<=+<=7.

Input Specification:
The only line of input contains two integers *r* and *g*, separated by a single space — the number of available red and green blocks respectively (0<=≤<=*r*,<=*g*<=≤<=2·105, *r*<=+<=*g*<=≥<=1).

Output Specification:
Output the only integer — the number of different possible red-green towers of height *h* modulo 109<=+<=7.

Demo Input:
['4 6\n', '9 7\n', '1 1\n']

Demo Output:
['2\n', '6\n', '2\n']

Note:
The image in the problem statement shows all possible red-green towers for the first sample.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Given two strings S1 and S2, Count no. of all subsequences of string S1 that are equal to string S2.
Example 1:
Input: 
S1 = geeksforgeeks
S2 = gks
Output: 4
Explaination: We can pick characters from S1 as a subsequence from indices {0,3,4}, {0,3,12}, {0,11,12} and {8,11,12}.So total 4 subsequences of S1 that are equal to S2.
Your Task:
You don't need to read input or print anything. Your task is to complete the function countWays() which takes the string S1 and S2 as input parameters and returns the number of desired subsequences.
Expected Time Complexity: O(n*m)        [n and m are length of the strings]
Expected Auxiliary Space: O(n*m)
Constraints:
1 ≤ n, m ≤ 500

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Vladik often travels by trains. He remembered some of his trips especially well and I would like to tell you about one of these trips:

Vladik is at initial train station, and now n people (including Vladik) want to get on the train. They are already lined up in some order, and for each of them the city code a_{i} is known (the code of the city in which they are going to).

Train chief selects some number of disjoint segments of the original sequence of people (covering entire sequence by segments is not necessary). People who are in the same segment will be in the same train carriage. The segments are selected in such way that if at least one person travels to the city x, then all people who are going to city x should be in the same railway carriage. This means that they can’t belong to different segments. Note, that all people who travel to the city x, either go to it and in the same railway carriage, or do not go anywhere at all.

Comfort of a train trip with people on segment from position l to position r is equal to XOR of all distinct codes of cities for people on the segment from position l to position r. XOR operation also known as exclusive OR.

Total comfort of a train trip is equal to sum of comfort for each segment.

Help Vladik to know maximal possible total comfort.


-----Input-----

First line contains single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 5000) — number of people.

Second line contains n space-separated integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n} (0 ≤ a_{i} ≤ 5000), where a_{i} denotes code of the city to which i-th person is going.


-----Output-----

The output should contain a single integer — maximal possible total comfort.


-----Examples-----
Input
6
4 4 2 5 2 3

Output
14

Input
9
5 1 3 1 5 2 4 2 5

Output
9



-----Note-----

In the first test case best partition into segments is: [4, 4] [2, 5, 2] [3], answer is calculated as follows: 4 + (2 xor 5) + 3 = 4 + 7 + 3 = 14

In the second test case best partition into segments is: 5 1 [3] 1 5 [2, 4, 2] 5, answer calculated as follows: 3 + (2 xor 4) = 3 + 6 = 9.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Title: The Child and Homework

Time Limit: None seconds

Memory Limit: None megabytes

Problem Description:
Once upon a time a child got a test consisting of multiple-choice questions as homework. A multiple-choice question consists of four choices: A, B, C and D. Each choice has a description, and the child should find out the only one that is correct.

Fortunately the child knows how to solve such complicated test. The child will follow the algorithm:
 -  If there is some choice whose description at least twice shorter than all other descriptions, or at least twice longer than all other descriptions, then the child thinks the choice is great. -  If there is exactly one great choice then the child chooses it. Otherwise the child chooses C (the child think it is the luckiest choice). 
You are given a multiple-choice questions, can you predict child's choose?

Input Specification:
The first line starts with "A." (without quotes), then followed the description of choice A. The next three lines contains the descriptions of the other choices in the same format. They are given in order: B, C, D. Please note, that the description goes after prefix "X.", so the prefix mustn't be counted in description's length.

Each description is non-empty and consists of at most 100 characters. Each character can be either uppercase English letter or lowercase English letter, or "_".

Output Specification:
Print a single line with the child's choice: "A", "B", "C" or "D" (without quotes).

Demo Input:
['A.VFleaKing_is_the_author_of_this_problem\nB.Picks_is_the_author_of_this_problem\nC.Picking_is_the_author_of_this_problem\nD.Ftiasch_is_cute\n', 'A.ab\nB.abcde\nC.ab\nD.abc\n', 'A.c\nB.cc\nC.c\nD.c\n']

Demo Output:
['D\n', 'C\n', 'B\n']

Note:
In the first sample, the first choice has length 39, the second one has length 35, the third one has length 37, and the last one has length 15. The choice D (length 15) is twice shorter than all other choices', so it is great choice. There is no other great choices so the child will choose D.

In the second sample, no choice is great, so the child will choose the luckiest choice C.

In the third sample, the choice B (length 2) is twice longer than all other choices', so it is great choice. There is no other great choices so the child will choose B.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Vasya wrote down two strings s of length n and t of length m consisting of small English letters 'a' and 'b'. What is more, he knows that string t has a form "abab...", namely there are letters 'a' on odd positions and letters 'b' on even positions.

Suddenly in the morning, Vasya found that somebody spoiled his string. Some letters of the string s were replaced by character '?'.

Let's call a sequence of positions i, i + 1, ..., i + m - 1 as occurrence of string t in s, if 1 ≤ i ≤ n - m + 1 and t_1 = s_{i}, t_2 = s_{i} + 1, ..., t_{m} = s_{i} + m - 1.

The boy defines the beauty of the string s as maximum number of disjoint occurrences of string t in s. Vasya can replace some letters '?' with 'a' or 'b' (letters on different positions can be replaced with different letter). Vasya wants to make some replacements in such a way that beauty of string s is maximum possible. From all such options, he wants to choose one with the minimum number of replacements. Find the number of replacements he should make.


-----Input-----

The first line contains a single integer n (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^5) — the length of s.

The second line contains the string s of length n. It contains small English letters 'a', 'b' and characters '?' only.

The third line contains a single integer m (1 ≤ m ≤ 10^5) — the length of t. The string t contains letters 'a' on odd positions and 'b' on even positions.


-----Output-----

Print the only integer — the minimum number of replacements Vasya has to perform to make the beauty of string s the maximum possible.


-----Examples-----
Input
5
bb?a?
1

Output
2

Input
9
ab??ab???
3

Output
2



-----Note-----

In the first sample string t has a form 'a'. The only optimal option is to replace all characters '?' by 'a'.

In the second sample using two replacements we can make string equal to "aba?aba??". It is impossible to get more than two occurrences.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
You think you can code?

 This problem will test you on various basic programming techniques.

 You are given two integers $N$ and $t$; and then an array $A$ of $N$ integers ($0$-based indexing).

 Based on the value of $t$, you will perform an action on $A$.

$t$

Action Needed

$1$

Print $7$, regardless of the content of $A$

$2$

Print “Bigger” if $A[0] > A[1]$, or 

Print “Equal” if $A[0] == A[1]$, or 

Print “Smaller” otherwise (without the quotes); 

Ignore other indices of $A$, if any

$3$

Print the median of three integers {$A[0]$, $A[1]$, and $A[2]$}; 

Ignore other indices of $A$, if any

$4$

Print the sum of all integers in $A$

$5$

Print the sum of all even integers in $A$

$6$

Apply modulo (%) $26$ to each integer in $A$, 

Map integer $0$/$1$/$\ldots $/$25$ to character ‘a’/‘b’/$\ldots $/‘z’, 

Finally, print the sequence of characters as a string (without the spaces)

$7$

a. Start from index $i = 0$; 

b. Jump to index $i = A[i]$; 

c. If the current index $i$ is outside the valid bound of [0..$N$-1], print “Out” and stop; 

d. Else if the current index $i$ is index $N$-$1$, print “Done” and stop; 

e1. Otherwise, repeat step b; 

e2. If doing this leads to an infinite loop, print “Cyclic” and stop; 

(all output are without the quotes)

-----Input-----
The first line of the input contains an integer $N$ and $t$ ($3 \leq N \leq 200000$; $1 \leq t \leq 7$).

 The second line of the input contains $N$ non-negative $32$-bit signed integers.

-----Output-----
For each test case, output the required answer based on the value of $t$.

-----Scoring-----
There are $20$ hidden test cases that test various requirements of this problem.

 All $20$ test cases will be tested.

 Each hidden test case worth $5$ points (the $7$ sample test cases below worth $0$ point).

-----Examples-----
Sample Input 1:
7 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sample Output 1:
7

Sample Input 2:
7 2
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sample Output 2:
Smaller

Sample Input 3:
7 3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sample Output 3:
2

Sample Input 4:
7 4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sample Output 4:
28

Sample Input 5:
7 5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Sample Output 5:
12

Sample Input 6:
10 6
7 4 11 37 14 22 40 17 11 3
Sample Output 6:
helloworld

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
The postal code in Atcoder Kingdom is A+B+1 characters long, its (A+1)-th character is a hyphen -, and the other characters are digits from 0 through 9.
You are given a string S. Determine whether it follows the postal code format in Atcoder Kingdom.

-----Constraints-----
 - 1≤A,B≤5
 - |S|=A+B+1
 - S consists of - and digits from 0 through 9.

-----Input-----
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
A B
S

-----Output-----
Print Yes if S follows the postal code format in AtCoder Kingdom; print No otherwise.

-----Sample Input-----
3 4
269-6650

-----Sample Output-----
Yes

The (A+1)-th character of S is -, and the other characters are digits from 0 through 9, so it follows the format.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.