vgel/INTELLECT-2-RL-Dataset-Code-Only huggingface dataset:
Title: Crazy Computer

Time Limit: None seconds

Memory Limit: None megabytes

Problem Description:
ZS the Coder is coding on a crazy computer. If you don't type in a word for a *c* consecutive seconds, everything you typed disappear! 

More formally, if you typed a word at second *a* and then the next word at second *b*, then if *b*<=-<=*a*<=≤<=*c*, just the new word is appended to other words on the screen. If *b*<=-<=*a*<=&gt;<=*c*, then everything on the screen disappears and after that the word you have typed appears on the screen.

For example, if *c*<==<=5 and you typed words at seconds 1,<=3,<=8,<=14,<=19,<=20 then at the second 8 there will be 3 words on the screen. After that, everything disappears at the second 13 because nothing was typed. At the seconds 14 and 19 another two words are typed, and finally, at the second 20, one more word is typed, and a total of 3 words remain on the screen.

You're given the times when ZS the Coder typed the words. Determine how many words remain on the screen after he finished typing everything.

Input Specification:
The first line contains two integers *n* and *c* (1<=≤<=*n*<=≤<=100<=000,<=1<=≤<=*c*<=≤<=109) — the number of words ZS the Coder typed and the crazy computer delay respectively.

The next line contains *n* integers *t*1,<=*t*2,<=...,<=*t**n* (1<=≤<=*t*1<=&lt;<=*t*2<=&lt;<=...<=&lt;<=*t**n*<=≤<=109), where *t**i* denotes the second when ZS the Coder typed the *i*-th word.

Output Specification:
Print a single positive integer, the number of words that remain on the screen after all *n* words was typed, in other words, at the second *t**n*.

Demo Input:
['6 5\n1 3 8 14 19 20\n', '6 1\n1 3 5 7 9 10\n']

Demo Output:
['3', '2']

Note:
The first sample is already explained in the problem statement.

For the second sample, after typing the first word at the second 1, it disappears because the next word is typed at the second 3 and 3 - 1 &gt; 1. Similarly, only 1 word will remain at the second 9. Then, a word is typed at the second 10, so there will be two words on the screen, as the old word won't disappear because 10 - 9 ≤ 1.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Given strings str1 and str2, find the minimum (contiguous) substring W of str1, so that str2 is a subsequence of W.
If there is no such window in str1 that covers all characters in str2, return the empty string "". If there are multiple such minimum-length windows, return the one with the left-most starting index.
 
Example 1:
Input: 
str1: geeksforgeeks
str2: eksrg
Output: 
eksforg
Explanation: 
Eksforg satisfies all required conditions. str2 is its subsequence and it is longest and leftmost among all possible valid substrings of str1.
Example 2:
Input: 
str1: abcdebdde
str2: bde
Output: 
bcde
Explanation: 
"bcde" is the answer and "deb" is not a smaller window because the elements of T in the window must occur in order.
Your Task:
Complete the function string minWindow(string str1, string str2), which takes two strings as input and returns the required valid string as output.
Expected Time Complexity: O(N^{2}).
Expected Auxiliary Space: O(N^{2}).
Constraints:
0 <= str1 <= 1000
0 <= str2 <= 100

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Chef Ciel wants to put a fancy neon signboard over the entrance of her restaurant. She has not enough money to buy the new one so she bought some old neon signboard through the internet. Ciel was quite disappointed when she received her order - some of its letters were broken. But she realized that this is even better - she could replace each broken letter by any letter she wants. So she decided to do such a replacement that the resulting signboard will contain the word "CHEF" as many times as possible.
We can model the signboard as a string S having capital letters from 'A' to 'Z', inclusive, and question marks '?'. Letters in the string indicate the intact letters at the signboard, while question marks indicate broken letters. So Ciel will replace each question mark with some capital letter and her goal is to get the string that contains as many substrings equal to "CHEF" as possible. If there exist several such strings, she will choose the lexicographically smallest one.
Note 1. The string S = S1...SN has the substring "CHEF" if for some i we have SiSi+1Si+2Si+3 = "CHEF". The number of times "CHEF" is the substring of S is the number of those i for which SiSi+1Si+2Si+3 = "CHEF".
Note 2. The string A = A1...AN is called lexicographically smaller than the string B = B1...BN if there exists K from 1 to N, inclusive, such that Ai = Bi for i = 1, ..., K-1, and AK < BK. In particular, A is lexicographically smaller than B if A1 < B1. We compare capital letters by their positions in the English alphabet. So 'A' is the smallest letter, 'B' is the second smallest letter, ..., 'Z' is the largest letter.

-----Input-----
The first line of the input contains an integer T denoting the number of test cases. The description of T test cases follows. The only line of each test case contains a string S.

-----Output-----
For each test case, output a single line containing the content of the signboard Chef Ciel will come up with. That is you should output the lexicographically smallest string that could be obtained from the input string by replacing all its question marks by some capital letters and having as many substrings equal to "CHEF" as possible.

-----Constraints-----
- 1 ≤ T ≤ 2013
- 1 ≤ length of S ≤ 2013
- Each character in S is either a capital letter from 'A' to 'Z', inclusive, or the question mark '?'.

-----Example-----
Input:
5
????CIELIS???E?
????CIELISOUR???F
T?KEITE?SY
????????
???C???

Output:
CHEFCIELISACHEF
CHEFCIELISOURCHEF
TAKEITEASY
CHEFCHEF
AAACHEF

-----Explanation -----
Example Case 1. Here the resulting string can have at most 2 substrings equal to "CHEF". For example, some possible such strings are:

- CHEFCIELISACHEF
- CHEFCIELISQCHEF
- CHEFCIELISZCHEF
However, lexicographically smallest one is the first one.

Example Case 3. Here the resulting string cannot have "CHEF" as its substring. Therefore, you must simply output the lexicographically smallest string that can be obtained from the given one by replacing question marks with capital letters.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Given a binary string $S$ consisting of only 1’s and 0’s where 1 represents a Square and 0 represents a Circle. The diameter of the circle and the side of the square must be any integer (obviously > 0) . You will have to perfectly inscribe (as shown in the example below) the respective geometric figure at $S$$i+1$ inside of $S$$i$ where $i$ $\epsilon$ $[0,N-2]$, if it is possible. Note that, it will not be possible to inscribe if the dimension of the geometric figure you are perfectly inscribing is not an integer and you will discard the rest of the string. Find the maximum number of circles we can inscribe in a square according to the given string.  
For a given binary string there can be only one geometric figure and this figure is concentric.  
For example : the string 1100 can be represented as the figure below, the first two squares have the same side length and the next two circles have the same diameter.  

Another example : the string 0001 can be represented as the one given below
Again here, we have 3 circles of the same diameter and one square inscribed in them.  

-----Input:-----
The first line contains $N$, the number of strings

Then each of the next $N$ lines contains a binary string $S$.  

-----Output:-----
The $N$ lines of output should have $N$ integers in separate lines, the maximum number of circles we can inscribe in a square according to the given string $S$ .  

-----Constraints-----
- 1 $\leq$ $N$ $\leq$ 103
- 1 $\leq$ length of string $S$ $\leq$ 104

-----Sample Input:-----
3

1110

0010

1001000  

-----Sample Output:-----
1

0

2  

-----Explanation:-----
In  the first case, we can inscribe the string 1110 as :  three squares of side length 4 units (on top of each other) and then  we can inscribe one circle of diameter 4 units.
The answer is 1 since, there is 1 circle inscribed in a square.

In the second case 0010, Let the first two circles be of some diameter 10, we can see that we cannot inscribe another square of any integer dimension inside them.

So, the answer is 0.

In the third case 1001000, we can take the first square of size 10, then inscribe two circles of diameter 5, then we cannot inscribe another square in this since, it will not be of any possible integer dimension and we discard the rest of the string.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
A new school year has started. The high school for gifted students of Ho Chi Minh city has $N$ classes numbered from $1$ to $N$. All $N$ classes will go through $M$ studying weeks. The high school has $N$ teachers numbered from $1$ to $N$. At the beginning teacher $i$ is assigned to class $i$.

In order to improve the students adaptability to new knowledge or new teaching methods, the principal has plans to reassign the teachers every few weeks. A reassignment only happens at the beginning of a week (on Monday before classes start) and a week has at most $1$ reassignment. A reassignment is to rotate $K$ teachers $p_1, p_2, p_3, \ldots , p_ K$, described as follows:
 - Teacher $p_ i$ moves to the current class where teacher $p_{i+1}$ is teaching ($1 \leq i < K$).
 - Teacher $p_ K$ moves to the current class where teacher $p_1$ is teaching.

After the reassignment, the teachers will stay at the newly assigned classrom, until he is reassigned again.

The principal continuously add shuffle plans and he also asks questions: “When all the previous reassignment plans comes to effect, which class will teacher $d$ teach on Tuesday of the $x$-th week?” Your task is to help him answer all those questions.

-----Input-----
The first line contains $3$ integers: $N$, $M$ and $Q$ - the number of queries ($1 \leq N,M,Q \leq 10^5$). The next $Q$ lines describes $Q$ queries, each will be in either of the $2$ forms:
 - $0$ $K$ $x$ $p_1$ $p_2$ …$p_ K$ - add a plan to rotate $K$ teachers $p_1, p_2, \ldots p_ K$ on Monday of the $x$-th week ($1 \leq x \leq M$, $2 \leq K \leq 10$, all $K$ values in $p$ are unique).
 - $1$ $d$ $x$ - ask which class is taught by teacher $d$ on Tuesday of the $x$-th week.

It is guaranteed that there are no two queries of type $0$ has the same value $x$.

-----Output-----
For each of the queries type $1$, print the answer in a single line.

-----Clarification for the second sample-----
Initial assignment: 

Class $1$

Class $2$

Class $3$

Week $1$

$1$

$2$

$3$

Week $2$

$1$

$2$

$3$

Week $3$

$1$

$2$

$3$

Week $4$

$1$

$2$

$3$

After rotate $(3, 2)$ on Monday of the $2^\textrm {nd}$ week: 

Class $1$

Class $2$

Class $3$

Week $1$

$1$

$2$

$3$

Week $2$

$1$

$3$

$2$

Week $3$

$1$

$3$

$2$

Week $4$

$1$

$3$

$2$

After rotate $(3,1,2)$ on Monday of the $3^\textrm {rd}$ week: 

Class $1$

Class $2$

Class $3$

Week $1$

$1$

$2$

$3$

Week $2$

$1$

$3$

$2$

Week $3$

$3$

$2$

$1$

Week $4$

$3$

$2$

$1$

-----Examples-----
Sample Input:
3 4 5
1 3 4
0 2 2 3 2
1 3 2
1 2 4
1 1 4
Sample Output:
3
2
3
1

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
In this Kata, you will implement a function `count` that takes an integer and returns the number of digits in `factorial(n)`. 

For example, `count(5) = 3`, because `5! = 120`, and `120` has `3` digits.  

More examples in the test cases. 

Brute force is not possible. A little research will go a long way, as this is a well known series.

Good luck!

Please also try:

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Arkady wants to water his only flower. Unfortunately, he has a very poor watering system that was designed for $n$ flowers and so it looks like a pipe with $n$ holes. Arkady can only use the water that flows from the first hole.

Arkady can block some of the holes, and then pour $A$ liters of water into the pipe. After that, the water will flow out from the non-blocked holes proportionally to their sizes $s_1, s_2, \ldots, s_n$. In other words, if the sum of sizes of non-blocked holes is $S$, and the $i$-th hole is not blocked, $\frac{s_i \cdot A}{S}$ liters of water will flow out of it.

What is the minimum number of holes Arkady should block to make at least $B$ liters of water flow out of the first hole?


-----Input-----

The first line contains three integers $n$, $A$, $B$ ($1 \le n \le 100\,000$, $1 \le B \le A \le 10^4$) — the number of holes, the volume of water Arkady will pour into the system, and the volume he wants to get out of the first hole.

The second line contains $n$ integers $s_1, s_2, \ldots, s_n$ ($1 \le s_i \le 10^4$) — the sizes of the holes.


-----Output-----

Print a single integer — the number of holes Arkady should block.


-----Examples-----
Input
4 10 3
2 2 2 2

Output
1

Input
4 80 20
3 2 1 4

Output
0

Input
5 10 10
1000 1 1 1 1

Output
4



-----Note-----

In the first example Arkady should block at least one hole. After that, $\frac{10 \cdot 2}{6} \approx 3.333$ liters of water will flow out of the first hole, and that suits Arkady.

In the second example even without blocking any hole, $\frac{80 \cdot 3}{10} = 24$ liters will flow out of the first hole, that is not less than $20$.

In the third example Arkady has to block all holes except the first to make all water flow out of the first hole.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Title: Petya and Staircases

Time Limit: None seconds

Memory Limit: None megabytes

Problem Description:
Little boy Petya loves stairs very much. But he is bored from simple going up and down them — he loves jumping over several stairs at a time. As he stands on some stair, he can either jump to the next one or jump over one or two stairs at a time. But some stairs are too dirty and Petya doesn't want to step on them.

Now Petya is on the first stair of the staircase, consisting of *n* stairs. He also knows the numbers of the dirty stairs of this staircase. Help Petya find out if he can jump through the entire staircase and reach the last stair number *n* without touching a dirty stair once.

One has to note that anyway Petya should step on the first and last stairs, so if the first or the last stair is dirty, then Petya cannot choose a path with clean steps only.

Input Specification:
The first line contains two integers *n* and *m* (1<=≤<=*n*<=≤<=109, 0<=≤<=*m*<=≤<=3000) — the number of stairs in the staircase and the number of dirty stairs, correspondingly. The second line contains *m* different space-separated integers *d*1,<=*d*2,<=...,<=*d**m* (1<=≤<=*d**i*<=≤<=*n*) — the numbers of the dirty stairs (in an arbitrary order).

Output Specification:
Print "YES" if Petya can reach stair number *n*, stepping only on the clean stairs. Otherwise print "NO".

Demo Input:
['10 5\n2 4 8 3 6\n', '10 5\n2 4 5 7 9\n']

Demo Output:
['NO', 'YES']

Note:
none

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
## Description

Peter enjoys taking risks, and this time he has decided to take it up a notch!

Peter asks his local barman to pour him **n** shots, after which Peter then puts laxatives in **x** of them. He then turns around and lets the barman shuffle the shots. Peter approaches the shots and drinks **a** of them one at a time. Just one shot is enough to give Peter a runny tummy. What is the probability that Peter doesn't need to run to the loo?

## Task

You are given:

**n** - The total number of shots.

**x** - The number of laxative laden shots.

**a** - The number of shots that peter drinks.


return the probability that Peter won't have the trots after drinking. **n** will always be greater than **x**, and **a** will always be less than **n**.

**You must return the probability rounded to two decimal places i.e. 0.05 or 0.81**

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
If you like Taco Bell, you will be familiar with their signature doritos locos taco. They're very good.


Why can't everything be a taco? We're going to attempt that here, turning every word we find into the taco bell recipe with each ingredient.


We want to input a word as a string, and return a list representing that word as a taco.

***Key***

all vowels (except 'y') = beef

t = tomato

l = lettuce

c = cheese

g = guacamole

s = salsa

  
***NOTE***    
We do not care about case here. 'S' is therefore equivalent to 's' in our taco.
  
Ignore all other letters; we don't want our taco uneccesarily clustered or else it will be too difficult to eat.

Note that no matter what ingredients are passed, our taco will always have a shell.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
You have just purchased a new mobile phone and you want to call all of your relatives to brag about your new phone. You have N relatives. You will talk to i^th relative for exactly Ti minutes. Each minute costs you 1 dollar . However, your relatives are generous. Hence after the conversation, they will add a recharge of Xi dollars in your mobile. Initially, you have M dollars balance in your mobile phone.
Find the minimum value of M, that you must have initially, in your phone, so that you don't run out of balance during any of the call (encounter negative balance). 

Note : You can call relatives in any order. Each relative will be called exactly once.

INPUT
The first line will contain N, the number of relatives. Next N lines will have two space separated integers, "Ti Xi" (quotes for clarity), representing call duration with the i^th relative and the amount of recharge you will get from that relative after the conversation.

OUTPUT
Output a single integer M, the minimum required initial balance in your mobile phone.

CONSTRAINTS
1 ≤ N,X,T  ≤ 10^5 

SAMPLE INPUT
2
1 1
2 1

SAMPLE OUTPUT
2

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Given an integer array bloomDay, an integer m and an integer k.
We need to make m bouquets. To make a bouquet, you need to use k adjacent flowers from the garden.
The garden consists of n flowers, the ith flower will bloom in the bloomDay[i] and then can be used in exactly one bouquet.
Return the minimum number of days you need to wait to be able to make m bouquets from the garden. If it is impossible to make m bouquets return -1.
 
Example 1:
Input: bloomDay = [1,10,3,10,2], m = 3, k = 1
Output: 3
Explanation: Let's see what happened in the first three days. x means flower bloomed and _ means flower didn't bloom in the garden.
We need 3 bouquets each should contain 1 flower.
After day 1: [x, _, _, _, _]   // we can only make one bouquet.
After day 2: [x, _, _, _, x]   // we can only make two bouquets.
After day 3: [x, _, x, _, x]   // we can make 3 bouquets. The answer is 3.

Example 2:
Input: bloomDay = [1,10,3,10,2], m = 3, k = 2
Output: -1
Explanation: We need 3 bouquets each has 2 flowers, that means we need 6 flowers. We only have 5 flowers so it is impossible to get the needed bouquets and we return -1.

Example 3:
Input: bloomDay = [7,7,7,7,12,7,7], m = 2, k = 3
Output: 12
Explanation: We need 2 bouquets each should have 3 flowers.
Here's the garden after the 7 and 12 days:
After day 7: [x, x, x, x, _, x, x]
We can make one bouquet of the first three flowers that bloomed. We cannot make another bouquet from the last three flowers that bloomed because they are not adjacent.
After day 12: [x, x, x, x, x, x, x]
It is obvious that we can make two bouquets in different ways.

Example 4:
Input: bloomDay = [1000000000,1000000000], m = 1, k = 1
Output: 1000000000
Explanation: You need to wait 1000000000 days to have a flower ready for a bouquet.

Example 5:
Input: bloomDay = [1,10,2,9,3,8,4,7,5,6], m = 4, k = 2
Output: 9

 
Constraints:

bloomDay.length == n
1 <= n <= 10^5
1 <= bloomDay[i] <= 10^9
1 <= m <= 10^6
1 <= k <= n

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
You are given $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$, such that for each $1\le i \le n$ holds $i-n\le a_i\le i-1$.

Find some nonempty subset of these integers, whose sum is equal to $0$. It can be shown that such a subset exists under given constraints. If there are several possible subsets with zero-sum, you can find any of them.


-----Input-----

Each test contains multiple test cases. The first line contains the number of test cases $t$ ($1 \le t \le 10^6$). The description of the test cases follows.

The first line of each test case contains a single integer $n$ ($1\le n \le 10^6$).

The second line of each test case contains $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ ($i-n \le a_i \le i-1$).

It is guaranteed that the sum of $n$ over all test cases does not exceed $10^6$.


-----Output-----

For each test case, output two lines.

In the first line, output $s$ ($1\le s \le n$) — the number of elements in your subset.

In the second line, output $s$ integers $i_1, i_2, \dots, i_s$ ($1\le i_k \le n$). All integers have to be pairwise different, and $a_{i_1} + a_{i_2} + \dots + a_{i_s}$ has to be equal to $0$. If there are several possible subsets with zero-sum, you can find any of them.


-----Example-----
Input
2
5
0 1 2 3 4
4
-3 1 1 1

Output
1
1 
4
1 4 3 2 



-----Note-----

In the first example, we get sum is $a_1 = 0$.

In the second example, we get sum is $a_1 + a_4 + a_3 + a_2 = 0$.

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Introduction 

Mr. Safety loves numeric locks and his Nokia 3310. He locked almost everything in his house. He is so smart and he doesn't need to remember the combinations. He has an algorithm to generate new passcodes on his Nokia cell phone. 


 Task 

Can you crack his numeric locks? Mr. Safety's treasures wait for you. Write an algorithm to open his numeric locks. Can you do it without his Nokia 3310? 

Input 

The `str` or `message` (Python) input string consists of lowercase and upercase characters. It's a real object that you want to unlock.

Output 
Return a string that only consists of digits.

Example
```
unlock("Nokia")  // => 66542
unlock("Valut")  // => 82588
unlock("toilet") // => 864538
```

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.
Ronak’s  class teacher gives him an NxN matrix.
 Then, she gives him M numbers. Every number is an angle, the angle by which he has to rotate the matrix in clockwise direction.  (The angles are multiples of 90.)
 Help him with the task.


Input
First line consists of two numbers N and M.
 The following N lines contain  N numbers each (representing the matrix). 
 The next M lines contain one number each, representing the angle by which the matrix is to be rotated.

Output
For M problems, generate M appropriately rotated matrices, each seperated by a new line.  

Constraints

1 ≤ N,M ≤ 100


Example
Input:
4 2
1 2 3 4
4 5 6 7
6 8 4 3
8 1 4 7
90
180

Output:
8 6 4 1
1 8 5 2
4 4 6 3
7 3 7 4

7 4 1 8
3 4 8 6
7 6 5 4
4 3 2 1

Write Python code to solve the problem. Present the code in 
```python
Your code
```
at the end.