CVE-2021-47510 (Moderate severity, published 2024-05-23)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-841
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

btrfs: fix re-dirty process of tree-log nodes

There is a report of a transaction abort of -EAGAIN with the following
script.

  #!/bin/sh

  for d in sda sdb; do
          mkfs.btrfs -d single -m single -f /dev/\${d}
  done

  mount /dev/sda /mnt/test
  mount /dev/sdb /mnt/scratch

  for dir in test scratch; do
          echo 3 >/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
          fio --directory=/mnt/\${dir} --name=fio.\${dir} --rw=read --size=50G --bs=64m \
                  --numjobs=$(nproc) --time_based --ramp_time=5 --runtime=480 \
                  --group_reporting |& tee /dev/shm/fio.\${dir}
          echo 3 >/proc/sys/vm/drop_caches
  done

  for d in sda sdb; do
          umount /dev/\${d}
  done

The stack trace is shown in below.

  [3310.967991] BTRFS: error (device sda) in btrfs_commit_transaction:2341: errno=-11 unknown (Error while writing out transaction)
  [3310.968060] BTRFS info (device sda): forced readonly
  [3310.968064] BTRFS warning (device sda): Skipping commit of aborted transaction.
  [3310.968065] ------------[ cut here ]------------
  [3310.968066] BTRFS: Transaction aborted (error -11)
  [3310.968074] WARNING: CPU: 14 PID: 1684 at fs/btrfs/transaction.c:1946 btrfs_commit_transaction.cold+0x209/0x2c8
  [3310.968131] CPU: 14 PID: 1684 Comm: fio Not tainted 5.14.10-300.fc35.x86_64 #1
  [3310.968135] Hardware name: DIAWAY Tartu/Tartu, BIOS V2.01.B10 04/08/2021
  [3310.968137] RIP: 0010:btrfs_commit_transaction.cold+0x209/0x2c8
  [3310.968144] RSP: 0018:ffffb284ce393e10 EFLAGS: 00010282
  [3310.968147] RAX: 0000000000000026 RBX: ffff973f147b0f60 RCX: 0000000000000027
  [3310.968149] RDX: ffff974ecf098a08 RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffff974ecf098a00
  [3310.968150] RBP: ffff973f147b0f08 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: ffffb284ce393c48
  [3310.968151] R10: ffffb284ce393c40 R11: ffffffff84f47468 R12: ffff973f101bfc00
  [3310.968153] R13: ffff971f20cf2000 R14: 00000000fffffff5 R15: ffff973f147b0e58
  [3310.968154] FS:  00007efe65468740(0000) GS:ffff974ecf080000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
  [3310.968157] CS:  0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
  [3310.968158] CR2: 000055691bcbe260 CR3: 000000105cfa4001 CR4: 0000000000770ee0
  [3310.968160] PKRU: 55555554
  [3310.968161] Call Trace:
  [3310.968167]  ? dput+0xd4/0x300
  [3310.968174]  btrfs_sync_file+0x3f1/0x490
  [3310.968180]  __x64_sys_fsync+0x33/0x60
  [3310.968185]  do_syscall_64+0x3b/0x90
  [3310.968190]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x44/0xae
  [3310.968194] RIP: 0033:0x7efe6557329b
  [3310.968200] RSP: 002b:00007ffe0236ebc0 EFLAGS: 00000293 ORIG_RAX: 000000000000004a
  [3310.968203] RAX: ffffffffffffffda RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007efe6557329b
  [3310.968204] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00007efe58d77010 RDI: 0000000000000006
  [3310.968205] RBP: 0000000004000000 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 00007efe58d77010
  [3310.968207] R10: 0000000016cacc0c R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 00007efe5ce95980
  [3310.968208] R13: 0000000000000000 R14: 00007efe6447c790 R15: 0000000c80000000
  [3310.968212] ---[ end trace 1a346f4d3c0d96ba ]---
  [3310.968214] BTRFS: error (device sda) in cleanup_transaction:1946: errno=-11 unknown

The abort occurs because of a write hole while writing out freeing tree
nodes of a tree-log tree. For zoned btrfs, we re-dirty a freed tree
node to ensure btrfs can write the region and does not leave a hole on
write on a zoned device. The current code fails to re-dirty a node
when the tree-log tree's depth is greater or equal to 2. That leads to
a transaction abort with -EAGAIN.

Fix the issue by properly re-dirtying a node on walking up the tree.
Statement: Red Hat Enterprise Linux is not vulnerable to this CVE, as it does not affect the versions or configurations of the Linux kernel used in its distributions.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.