vdanen/rhvex-cve huggingface dataset:
CVE-2024-26767 (Low severity, published 2024-04-02)
CVSS score: 4.4 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-170
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/amd/display: fixed integer types and null check locations

[why]:
issues fixed:
- comparison with wider integer type in loop condition which can cause
infinite loops
- pointer dereference before null check
CVE-2024-6604 (Important severity, published 2024-07-08)
CVSS score: 7.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
CWE: CWE-120
Description: The Mozilla Foundation Security Advisory describes this flaw as:

Memory safety bugs present in Firefox 127, Firefox ESR 115.12, and Thunderbird 115.12. Some of these bugs showed evidence of memory corruption and we presume that with enough effort     some of these could have been exploited to run arbitrary code.
Statement: Red Hat Product Security rates the severity of this flaw as determined by the Mozilla Foundation Security Advisory.
CVE-2024-39492 (Moderate severity, published 2024-07-09)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mailbox: mtk-cmdq: Fix pm_runtime_get_sync() warning in mbox shutdown

The return value of pm_runtime_get_sync() in cmdq_mbox_shutdown()
will return 1 when pm runtime state is active, and we don't want to
get the warning message in this case.

So we change the return value < 0 for WARN_ON().
CVE-2024-40948 (Moderate severity, published 2024-07-11)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-99
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/page_table_check: fix crash on ZONE_DEVICE

Not all pages may apply to pgtable check.  One example is ZONE_DEVICE
pages: they map PFNs directly, and they don't allocate page_ext at all
even if there's struct page around.  One may reference
devm_memremap_pages().

When both ZONE_DEVICE and page-table-check enabled, then try to map some
dax memories, one can trigger kernel bug constantly now when the kernel
was trying to inject some pfn maps on the dax device:

 kernel BUG at mm/page_table_check.c:55!

While it's pretty legal to use set_pxx_at() for ZONE_DEVICE pages for page
fault resolutions, skip all the checks if page_ext doesn't even exist in
pgtable checker, which applies to ZONE_DEVICE but maybe more.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2024-35848 (Moderate severity, published 2024-05-16)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: CVE-2024-35848 is a vulnerability in the Linux kernel's EEPROM driver (at24) that can lead to memory corruption. The issue arises when an EEPROM device is inaccessible: the system registers an nvmem device, the read operation fails, and the device is subsequently torn down. If another driver attempts to access the nvmem device after this teardown, it may reference invalid memory, causing potential system instability. The problem has been resolved by adjusting the failure handling to occur before the nvmem device is registered, preventing access to invalid memory. Users should update their Linux kernel to a version that includes this fix to ensure system reliability.
CVE-2024-3056 (Moderate severity, published 2024-07-25)
CVSS score: 7.7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-400
Description: A flaw was found in Podman. This issue may allow an attacker to create a specially crafted container that, when configured to share the same IPC with at least one other container, can create a large number of IPC resources in /dev/shm. The malicious container will continue to exhaust resources until it is out-of-memory (OOM) killed. While the malicious container's cgroup will be removed, the IPC resources it created are not. Those resources are tied to the IPC namespace that will not be removed until all containers using it are stopped, and one non-malicious container is holding the namespace open. The malicious container is restarted, either automatically or by attacker control, repeating the process and increasing the amount of memory consumed. With a container configured to restart always, such as `podman run --restart=always`, this can result in a memory-based denial of service of the system.
Statement: The vulnerability is not present in podman, but actually in the kernel. This is where any potential fix will be done and tracked.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options don't meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2024-20963 (Moderate severity, published 2024-01-15)
CVSS score: 6.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: Easily exploitable vulnerability allows low privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server.
CVE-2024-35798 (Moderate severity, published 2024-05-16)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: A vulnerability was found in the Linux kernel's B-tree File System (btrfs) subsystem. This issue arises from a race condition in the `read_extent_buffer_pages()` function, where multiple processes may compete for access to memory regions, potentially causing data corruption or other undefined behavior.
Statement: Red Hat Enterprise Linux is not vulnerable to this CVE, as it does not affect the versions or configurations of the Linux kernel used in its distributions.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2024-0553 (Moderate severity, published 2024-01-15)
CVSS score: 7.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)
CWE: CWE-203
Description: A vulnerability was found in GnuTLS. The response times to malformed ciphertexts in RSA-PSK ClientKeyExchange differ from the response times of ciphertexts with correct PKCS#1 v1.5 padding. This issue may allow a remote attacker to perform a timing side-channel attack in the RSA-PSK key exchange, potentially leading to the leakage of sensitive data. CVE-2024-0553 is designated as an incomplete resolution for CVE-2023-5981.
Statement: The identified vulnerability in the GnuTLS library, designated as CVE-2024-0553, presents a moderate severity concern due to its potential for facilitating timing side-channel attacks in RSA-PSK ciphersuites. While the flaw allows for the exploitation of timing differentials during the key exchange process, enabling attackers to infer sensitive data, its impact is constrained by several factors. Firstly, successful exploitation requires precise timing measurements and sophisticated analysis techniques, posing a significant barrier to entry for potential attackers. Additionally, the effectiveness of the attack is contingent on environmental factors such as network latency and system load, further limiting its practical feasibility. 

 This issue marked as an incomplete resolution for a previously identified vulnerability, CVE-2023-5981, indicating a potential persistence or recurrence of the problem.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options don't meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2024-11697 (Low severity, published 2024-11-26)
CVSS score: 3.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)
CWE: CWE-356
Description: A flaw was found in Mozilla. The Mozilla Foundation's Security Advisory describes the following issue: When handling keypress events, an attacker may have been able to trick a user into bypassing the "Open Executable File?" confirmation dialog. This could have led to malicious code execution.
Statement: Red Hat Product Security rates the severity of this flaw as determined by the Mozilla Foundation Security Advisory.
CVE-2024-41089 (Moderate severity, published 2024-07-28)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-476
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/nouveau/dispnv04: fix null pointer dereference in nv17_tv_get_hd_modes

In nv17_tv_get_hd_modes(), the return value of drm_mode_duplicate() is
assigned to mode, which will lead to a possible NULL pointer dereference
on failure of drm_mode_duplicate(). The same applies to drm_cvt_mode().
Add a check to avoid null pointer dereference.
CVE-2024-1342 (Moderate severity, published 2024-02-12)
CVSS score: 4.2 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)
CWE: CWE-352
Description: A flaw was found in OpenShift. The existing Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) protections in place do not properly protect GET requests, allowing for the creation of WebSockets via CSRF.
Statement: While this CVE has been rejected and is no longer considered a vulnerability, Red Hat has updated the default CSRF protection for the Openshift Web Console to `SameSite: Strict` as a security hardening opportunity.
CVE-2024-10086 (Moderate severity, published 2024-10-30)
CVSS score: 6.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)
CWE: CWE-79
Description: A flaw was found in Consul and Consul Enterprise. This vulnerability allows reflected Cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via missing Content-Type HTTP header in server responses, enabling misinterpretation of user-provided inputs.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2024-41123 (Moderate severity, published 2024-07-31)
CVSS score: 5.3 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)
CWE: CWE-400
Description: A vulnerability was found in REXML, an XML toolkit used for Ruby. When parsing an untrusted XML with many specific characters, the REXML gem may take a long time, leading to a denial of service condition. Some of these special characters include the whitespace character, '>]', and ']>'.
Statement: Red Hat believes this flaw to be moderate because a potential denial of service condition would create minimal impact at the application level and not the entire system.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability. It is recommended to upgrade the REXML gem to fix these vulnerabilities.
CVE-2024-8925 (Moderate severity, published 2024-10-06)
CVSS score: 5.3 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)
CWE: CWE-1286
Description: A flaw was found in PHP's parsing of multipart form data contents, which affects both file and input form data. This may lead to legitimate data not being processed, violating data integrity. For example, if a multipart form data payload contains a valid prefix 'X' of the defined boundary B such that 5Kib < |X| < |B| < 8Kib, the logic responsible for parsing and storing the multipart payload fails to correctly extract the contents between two boundaries.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options don't meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2024-50227 (Moderate severity, published 2024-11-08)
CVSS score: 7.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-125
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

thunderbolt: Fix KASAN reported stack out-of-bounds read in tb_retimer_scan()

KASAN reported following issue:

 BUG: KASAN: stack-out-of-bounds in tb_retimer_scan+0xffe/0x1550 [thunderbolt]
 Read of size 4 at addr ffff88810111fc1c by task kworker/u56:0/11
 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 11 Comm: kworker/u56:0 Tainted: G     U             6.11.0+ #1387
 Tainted: [U]=USER
 Workqueue: thunderbolt0 tb_handle_hotplug [thunderbolt]
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  dump_stack_lvl+0x6c/0x90
  print_report+0xd1/0x630
  kasan_report+0xdb/0x110
  __asan_report_load4_noabort+0x14/0x20
  tb_retimer_scan+0xffe/0x1550 [thunderbolt]
  tb_scan_port+0xa6f/0x2060 [thunderbolt]
  tb_handle_hotplug+0x17b1/0x3080 [thunderbolt]
  process_one_work+0x626/0x1100
  worker_thread+0x6c8/0xfa0
  kthread+0x2c8/0x3a0
  ret_from_fork+0x3a/0x80
  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30

This happens because the loop variable still gets incremented by one so
max becomes 3 instead of 2, and this makes the second loop read past the
the array declared on the stack.

Fix this by assigning to max directly in the loop body.
CVE-2024-26858 (Moderate severity, published 2024-04-16)
CVSS score: 4.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-476
Description: A vulnerability was found in the mlx5e_txwqe_complete() function in the Linux kernel. The CPU or compiler may reorder two of the functions: mlx5e_ptp_metadata_map_put() and mlx5e_ptpsq_track_metadata(), and a situation could arise where metadata tracking occurs before the metadata map is fully populated. This could lead to a NULL pointer dereference which can cause crashes.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2024-1657 (Important severity, published 2024-02-28)
CVSS score: 8.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)
CWE: CWE-1385
Description: A flaw was found in the ansible automation platform. An insecure WebSocket connection was being used in installation from the Ansible rulebook EDA server. An attacker that has access to any machine in the CIDR block could download all rulebook data from the WebSocket, resulting in loss of confidentiality and integrity of the system.
CVE-2024-6468 (Important severity, published 2024-07-10)
CVSS score: 7.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-703
Description: A flaw was found in HashiCorp Vault. Affected versions of the Vault did not properly handle requests originating from unauthorized IP addresses when the TCP listener option, proxy_protocol_behavior, was set to deny_unauthorized. When receiving a request from a source IP address not listed in proxy_protocol_authorized_addrs, the Vault API server would shut down and no longer respond to any HTTP requests, potentially resulting in denial of service.
CVE-2024-41066 (Low severity, published 2024-07-28)
CVSS score: 4.4 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-200
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ibmvnic: Add tx check to prevent skb leak

Below is a summary of how the driver stores a reference to an skb during
transmit:
    tx_buff[free_map[consumer_index]]->skb = new_skb;
    free_map[consumer_index] = IBMVNIC_INVALID_MAP;
    consumer_index ++;
Where variable data looks like this:
    free_map == [4, IBMVNIC_INVALID_MAP, IBMVNIC_INVALID_MAP, 0, 3]
                                               	consumer_index^
    tx_buff == [skb=null, skb=<ptr>, skb=<ptr>, skb=null, skb=null]

The driver has checks to ensure that free_map[consumer_index] pointed to
a valid index but there was no check to ensure that this index pointed
to an unused/null skb address. So, if, by some chance, our free_map and
tx_buff lists become out of sync then we were previously risking an
skb memory leak. This could then cause tcp congestion control to stop
sending packets, eventually leading to ETIMEDOUT.

Therefore, add a conditional to ensure that the skb address is null. If
not then warn the user (because this is still a bug that should be
patched) and free the old pointer to prevent memleak/tcp problems.
Statement: This vulnerability exists in the driver for IBM System i/p virtual network adapters. By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can cause a leak in memory pools used for processing network traffic, which can cause the kernel's congestion control mechanisms to erroneously stop transmitting packets, effectively a denial of service. Because the affected hardware is uncommon, and because an attacker must be able to generate a large amount of network traffic that is handled specifically by a virtual NIC on that hardware, Red Hat assesses the impact of this vulnerability as Low.
Mitigation: To mitigate this issue, prevent module ibmvnic from being loaded. Please see https://access.redhat.com/solutions/41278 for how to blacklist a kernel module to prevent it from loading automatically.
CVE-2024-45025 (Moderate severity, published 2024-09-10)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-457
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fix bitmap corruption on close_range() with CLOSE_RANGE_UNSHARE

copy_fd_bitmaps(new, old, count) is expected to copy the first
count/BITS_PER_LONG bits from old->full_fds_bits[] and fill
the rest with zeroes.  What it does is copying enough words
(BITS_TO_LONGS(count/BITS_PER_LONG)), then memsets the rest.
That works fine, *if* all bits past the cutoff point are
clear.  Otherwise we are risking garbage from the last word
we'd copied.

For most of the callers that is true - expand_fdtable() has
count equal to old->max_fds, so there's no open descriptors
past count, let alone fully occupied words in ->open_fds[],
which is what bits in ->full_fds_bits[] correspond to.

The other caller (dup_fd()) passes sane_fdtable_size(old_fdt, max_fds),
which is the smallest multiple of BITS_PER_LONG that covers all
opened descriptors below max_fds.  In the common case (copying on
fork()) max_fds is ~0U, so all opened descriptors will be below
it and we are fine, by the same reasons why the call in expand_fdtable()
is safe.

Unfortunately, there is a case where max_fds is less than that
and where we might, indeed, end up with junk in ->full_fds_bits[] -
close_range(from, to, CLOSE_RANGE_UNSHARE) with
	* descriptor table being currently shared
	* 'to' being above the current capacity of descriptor table
	* 'from' being just under some chunk of opened descriptors.
In that case we end up with observably wrong behaviour - e.g. spawn
a child with CLONE_FILES, get all descriptors in range 0..127 open,
then close_range(64, ~0U, CLOSE_RANGE_UNSHARE) and watch dup(0) ending
up with descriptor #128, despite #64 being observably not open.

The minimally invasive fix would be to deal with that in dup_fd().
If this proves to add measurable overhead, we can go that way, but
let's try to fix copy_fd_bitmaps() first.

* new helper: bitmap_copy_and_expand(to, from, bits_to_copy, size).
* make copy_fd_bitmaps() take the bitmap size in words, rather than
bits; it's 'count' argument is always a multiple of BITS_PER_LONG,
so we are not losing any information, and that way we can use the
same helper for all three bitmaps - compiler will see that count
is a multiple of BITS_PER_LONG for the large ones, so it'll generate
plain memcpy()+memset().

Reproducer added to tools/testing/selftests/core/close_range_test.c
Mitigation: No mitigation is available for this issue other than updating the affected package to the version containing the fix.
CVE-2024-49905 (Moderate severity, published 2024-10-20)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-476
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/amd/display: Add null check for 'afb' in amdgpu_dm_plane_handle_cursor_update (v2)

This commit adds a null check for the 'afb' variable in the
amdgpu_dm_plane_handle_cursor_update function. Previously, 'afb' was
assumed to be null, but was used later in the code without a null check.
This could potentially lead to a null pointer dereference.

Changes since v1:
- Moved the null check for 'afb' to the line where 'afb' is used. (Alex)

Fixes the below:
drivers/gpu/drm/amd/amdgpu/../display/amdgpu_dm/amdgpu_dm_plane.c:1298 amdgpu_dm_plane_handle_cursor_update() error: we previously assumed 'afb' could be null (see line 1252)
CVE-2024-56609 (Moderate severity, published 2024-12-26)
CVSS score: 4.4 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-99
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: rtw88: use ieee80211_purge_tx_queue() to purge TX skb

When removing kernel modules by:
   rmmod rtw88_8723cs rtw88_8703b rtw88_8723x rtw88_sdio rtw88_core

Driver uses skb_queue_purge() to purge TX skb, but not report tx status
causing "Have pending ack frames!" warning. Use ieee80211_purge_tx_queue()
to correct this.

Since ieee80211_purge_tx_queue() doesn't take locks, to prevent racing
between TX work and purge TX queue, flush and destroy TX work in advance.

   wlan0: deauthenticating from aa:f5:fd:60:4c:a8 by local
     choice (Reason: 3=DEAUTH_LEAVING)
   ------------[ cut here ]------------
   Have pending ack frames!
   WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 9232 at net/mac80211/main.c:1691
       ieee80211_free_ack_frame+0x5c/0x90 [mac80211]
   CPU: 3 PID: 9232 Comm: rmmod Tainted: G         C
       6.10.1-200.fc40.aarch64 #1
   Hardware name: pine64 Pine64 PinePhone Braveheart
      (1.1)/Pine64 PinePhone Braveheart (1.1), BIOS 2024.01 01/01/2024
   pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
   pc : ieee80211_free_ack_frame+0x5c/0x90 [mac80211]
   lr : ieee80211_free_ack_frame+0x5c/0x90 [mac80211]
   sp : ffff80008c1b37b0
   x29: ffff80008c1b37b0 x28: ffff000003be8000 x27: 0000000000000000
   x26: 0000000000000000 x25: ffff000003dc14b8 x24: ffff80008c1b37d0
   x23: ffff000000ff9f80 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: 000000007fffffff
   x20: ffff80007c7e93d8 x19: ffff00006e66f400 x18: 0000000000000000
   x17: ffff7ffffd2b3000 x16: ffff800083fc0000 x15: 0000000000000000
   x14: 0000000000000000 x13: 2173656d61726620 x12: 6b636120676e6964
   x11: 0000000000000000 x10: 000000000000005d x9 : ffff8000802af2b0
   x8 : ffff80008c1b3430 x7 : 0000000000000001 x6 : 0000000000000001
   x5 : 0000000000000000 x4 : 0000000000000000 x3 : 0000000000000000
   x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff000003be8000
   Call trace:
    ieee80211_free_ack_frame+0x5c/0x90 [mac80211]
    idr_for_each+0x74/0x110
    ieee80211_free_hw+0x44/0xe8 [mac80211]
    rtw_sdio_remove+0x9c/0xc0 [rtw88_sdio]
    sdio_bus_remove+0x44/0x180
    device_remove+0x54/0x90
    device_release_driver_internal+0x1d4/0x238
    driver_detach+0x54/0xc0
    bus_remove_driver+0x78/0x108
    driver_unregister+0x38/0x78
    sdio_unregister_driver+0x2c/0x40
    rtw_8723cs_driver_exit+0x18/0x1000 [rtw88_8723cs]
    __do_sys_delete_module.isra.0+0x190/0x338
    __arm64_sys_delete_module+0x1c/0x30
    invoke_syscall+0x74/0x100
    el0_svc_common.constprop.0+0x48/0xf0
    do_el0_svc+0x24/0x38
    el0_svc+0x3c/0x158
    el0t_64_sync_handler+0x120/0x138
    el0t_64_sync+0x194/0x198
   ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---
CVE-2024-41965 (Low severity, published 2024-08-01)
CVSS score: 4.2 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L)
CWE: CWE-416
Description: A vulnerability was found in Vim versions before 9.1.0648 that can cause the program to crash. This issue happens when a user abandons a modified file, and Vim tries to save it as an Untitled file. Due to a mistake in handling this process, Vim accidentally tries to free up memory twice, which can lead to problems, causing the program to crash. This issue can be exploited by someone with local access to the system.