vdanen/rhvex-cve huggingface dataset:
CVE-2025-21926 (Moderate severity, published 2025-03-31)
CVSS score: 7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
CWE: CWE-416
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: gso: fix ownership in __udp_gso_segment

In __udp_gso_segment the skb destructor is removed before segmenting the
skb but the socket reference is kept as-is. This is an issue if the
original skb is later orphaned as we can hit the following bug:

  kernel BUG at ./include/linux/skbuff.h:3312!  (skb_orphan)
  RIP: 0010:ip_rcv_core+0x8b2/0xca0
  Call Trace:
   ip_rcv+0xab/0x6e0
   __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x168/0x1b0
   process_backlog+0x384/0x1100
   __napi_poll.constprop.0+0xa1/0x370
   net_rx_action+0x925/0xe50

The above can happen following a sequence of events when using
OpenVSwitch, when an OVS_ACTION_ATTR_USERSPACE action precedes an
OVS_ACTION_ATTR_OUTPUT action:

1. OVS_ACTION_ATTR_USERSPACE is handled (in do_execute_actions): the skb
   goes through queue_gso_packets and then __udp_gso_segment, where its
   destructor is removed.
2. The segments' data are copied and sent to userspace.
3. OVS_ACTION_ATTR_OUTPUT is handled (in do_execute_actions) and the
   same original skb is sent to its path.
4. If it later hits skb_orphan, we hit the bug.

Fix this by also removing the reference to the socket in
__udp_gso_segment.
Statement: If UDP fragmentation offload being used (that allows a device to fragment an oversized UDP datagram into multiple IPv fragments), then this bug could happen. The bug happens when skb_orphan function later being called. It is complex to trigger the bug (few conditions should happen simultaneously) and only local user can trigger it.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options don't meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2025-37958 (Moderate severity, published 2025-05-19)
CVSS score: 4.7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

mm/huge_memory: fix dereferencing invalid pmd migration entry

When migrating a THP, concurrent access to the PMD migration entry during
a deferred split scan can lead to an invalid address access, as
illustrated below.  To prevent this invalid access, it is necessary to
check the PMD migration entry and return early.  In this context, there is
no need to use pmd_to_swp_entry and pfn_swap_entry_to_page to verify the
equality of the target folio.  Since the PMD migration entry is locked, it
cannot be served as the target.

Mailing list discussion and explanation from Hugh Dickins: "An anon_vma
lookup points to a location which may contain the folio of interest, but
might instead contain another folio: and weeding out those other folios is
precisely what the "folio != pmd_folio((*pmd)" check (and the "risk of
replacing the wrong folio" comment a few lines above it) is for."

BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffea60001db008
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 2199114 Comm: tee Not tainted 6.14.0+ #4 NONE
Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS 1.16.3-debian-1.16.3-2 04/01/2014
RIP: 0010:split_huge_pmd_locked+0x3b5/0x2b60
Call Trace:
<TASK>
try_to_migrate_one+0x28c/0x3730
rmap_walk_anon+0x4f6/0x770
unmap_folio+0x196/0x1f0
split_huge_page_to_list_to_order+0x9f6/0x1560
deferred_split_scan+0xac5/0x12a0
shrinker_debugfs_scan_write+0x376/0x470
full_proxy_write+0x15c/0x220
vfs_write+0x2fc/0xcb0
ksys_write+0x146/0x250
do_syscall_64+0x6a/0x120
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e

The bug is found by syzkaller on an internal kernel, then confirmed on
upstream.
Statement: Local DoS via page fault in THP migration edge case. Requires aggressive memory operations and THP. No remote or privilege escalation risk.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options don't meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2025-38204 (Moderate severity, published 2025-07-03)
CVSS score: 7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

jfs: fix array-index-out-of-bounds read in add_missing_indices

stbl is s8 but it must contain offsets into slot which can go from 0 to
127.

Added a bound check for that error and return -EIO if the check fails.
Also make jfs_readdir return with error if add_missing_indices returns
with an error.
CVE-2025-38341 (Moderate severity, published 2025-07-09)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

eth: fbnic: avoid double free when failing to DMA-map FW msg

The semantics are that caller of fbnic_mbx_map_msg() retains
the ownership of the message on error. All existing callers
dutifully free the page.
CVE-2025-4598 (Moderate severity, published 2025-05-28)
CVSS score: 4.7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)
CWE: CWE-364
Description: A vulnerability was found in systemd-coredump. This flaw allows an attacker to force a SUID process to crash and replace it with a non-SUID binary to access the original's privileged process coredump, allowing the attacker to read sensitive data, such as /etc/shadow content, loaded by the original process.

A SUID binary or process has a special type of permission, which allows the process to run with the file owner's permissions, regardless of the user executing the binary. This allows the process to access more restricted data than unprivileged users or processes would be able to. An attacker can leverage this flaw by forcing a SUID process to crash and force the Linux kernel to recycle the process PID before systemd-coredump can analyze the /proc/pid/auxv file. If the attacker wins the race condition, they gain access to the original's SUID process coredump file. They can read sensitive content loaded into memory by the original binary, affecting data confidentiality.
Statement: This flaw was rated as having a severity of Moderate due to the complexity to exploit this flaw. The attacker needs to setup a way to win the race condition and have an unprivileged local account to successfully exploit this vulnerability.

By default Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 doesn't allow systemd-coredump to create dumps of SUID programs as the /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable is set to 0, disabling by default this capability.

Within regulated environments, a combination of the following controls acts as a significant barrier to successfully exploiting a CWE-364: Signal Handler Race Condition vulnerability and therefore downgrades the severity of this particular CVE from Moderate to Low.

Red Hat enforces least functionality by enabling only essential features, services, and ports to reduce the system’s attack surface. Static code analysis, peer reviews, and strong input validation detect unsafe input that could influence execution timing or path resolution. Real-time threat detection, including IPS/IDS, antimalware, and continuous monitoring, supports rapid identification of exploitation attempts. Process isolation and Kubernetes orchestration minimize the risk of concurrent execution conflicts and contain potential impacts. Executable search paths are limited to trusted, explicitly defined directories, reducing the risk of executing malicious files. Additionally, signal handling is implemented using secure development practices that mitigate asynchronous execution risks, and workloads run in environments that abstract direct signal management.
Mitigation: This issue can be mitigated by disabling the capability of the system to generate a coredump for SUID binaries. The perform that, the following command can be ran as `root` user:

~~~
echo 0 > /proc/sys/fs/suid_dumpable
~~~

While this mitigates this vulnerability while it's not possible to update the systemd package, it disables the capability of analyzing crashes for such binaries.
CVE-2025-21863 (Moderate severity, published 2025-03-11)
CVSS score: 7.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-99
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

io_uring: prevent opcode speculation

sqe->opcode is used for different tables, make sure we santitise it
against speculations.
CVE-2025-38438 (Moderate severity, published 2025-07-24)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: No description is available for this CVE.
CVE-2025-38068 (Moderate severity, published 2025-06-17)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

crypto: lzo - Fix compression buffer overrun

Unlike the decompression code, the compression code in LZO never
checked for output overruns.  It instead assumes that the caller
always provides enough buffer space, disregarding the buffer length
provided by the caller.

Add a safe compression interface that checks for the end of buffer
before each write.  Use the safe interface in crypto/lzo.
CVE-2025-22035 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-15)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

tracing: Fix use-after-free in print_graph_function_flags during tracer switching

Kairui reported a UAF issue in print_graph_function_flags() during
ftrace stress testing [1]. This issue can be reproduced if puting a
'mdelay(10)' after 'mutex_unlock(&trace_types_lock)' in s_start(),
and executing the following script:

  $ echo function_graph > current_tracer
  $ cat trace > /dev/null &
  $ sleep 5  # Ensure the 'cat' reaches the 'mdelay(10)' point
  $ echo timerlat > current_tracer

The root cause lies in the two calls to print_graph_function_flags
within print_trace_line during each s_show():

  * One through 'iter->trace->print_line()';
  * Another through 'event->funcs->trace()', which is hidden in
    print_trace_fmt() before print_trace_line returns.

Tracer switching only updates the former, while the latter continues
to use the print_line function of the old tracer, which in the script
above is print_graph_function_flags.

Moreover, when switching from the 'function_graph' tracer to the
'timerlat' tracer, s_start only calls graph_trace_close of the
'function_graph' tracer to free 'iter->private', but does not set
it to NULL. This provides an opportunity for 'event->funcs->trace()'
to use an invalid 'iter->private'.

To fix this issue, set 'iter->private' to NULL immediately after
freeing it in graph_trace_close(), ensuring that an invalid pointer
is not passed to other tracers. Additionally, clean up the unnecessary
'iter->private = NULL' during each 'cat trace' when using wakeup and
irqsoff tracers.

 [1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/20231112150030.84609-1-ryncsn@gmail.com/
CVE-2025-1149 (Low severity, published 2025-02-10)
CVSS score: 3.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)
CWE: CWE-404
Description: A flaw was found in GNU Binutils. This vulnerability allows a memory leak via the xstrdup function.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2025-6663 (Important severity, published 2025-07-07)
CVSS score: 7.8 (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
CWE: CWE-121
Description: A stack based buffer overflow was found in the GStreamer media handling library. This flaw allows an attacker who is able to feed in a maliciously constructed H266 file to execute arbitrary code in the context of the process running GStreamer.
Statement: No Red Hat products or offerings are affected by this vulnerability.

This vulnerability has been rated as Important rather than Moderate due to its capability to enable remote code execution (RCE) through a stack-based buffer overflow. Unlike typical parsing defects that primarily lead to denial of service, this specific flaw allows an attacker to gain control of the instruction pointer by corrupting stack memory, thereby creating an opportunity for arbitrary code execution. Given GStreamer's widespread use across desktop environments and various media applications, including web browsers, chat clients, and media players, an attacker could exploit this by enticing a user to open or stream a specially crafted malicious video file. The fact that successful exploitation does not require elevated privileges or complex user interaction significantly escalates both its exploitability and potential impact, marking this as a high-severity security concern for end-user systems.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2025-3031 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-01)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)
CWE: CWE-203
Description: A flaw was found in Firefox. The Mozilla Foundation's Security Advisory describes the following issue: An attacker could read 32 bits of values spilled onto the stack in a JIT compiled function.
Statement: Red Hat Product Security rates the severity of this flaw as determined by the Mozilla Foundation Security Advisory.
CVE-2025-48385 (Important severity, published 2025-07-08)
CVSS score: 8.3 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L)
CWE: CWE-88
Description: A bundled uri handling flaw was found in Git. When cloning a repository, Git knows to optionally fetch a bundle advertised by the remote server, which allows the server side to offload parts of the clone to a CDN. The Git client does not perform sufficient validation of the advertised bundles, which allows the remote side to perform protocol injection.
Statement: This vulnerability marked as Important rather than a Moderate flaw because it enables protocol injection at the transport layer of Git's bundle-uri mechanism, allowing a remote server to manipulate how and where data is written on the client system during a clone operation. The lack of input sanitization on user-controlled values like the URI and target path means that malformed inputs containing spaces or newlines can break protocol framing, leading to arbitrary file writes. In scenarios such as CI pipelines, developer environments, or recursive clones with submodules, an attacker can exploit this to overwrite critical files or inject malicious content, potentially achieving remote code execution (RCE).
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2025-21588 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-15)
CVSS score: 4.9 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: Vulnerability in the MySQL Server product of Oracle MySQL (component: Server: DML).  Supported versions that are affected are 8.4.0-8.4.4 and  9.0.0-9.2.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows high privileged attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise MySQL Server.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of MySQL Server. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.9 (Availability impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).
CVE-2025-38253 (Moderate severity, published 2025-07-08)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

HID: wacom: fix crash in wacom_aes_battery_handler()

Commit fd2a9b29dc9c ("HID: wacom: Remove AES power_supply after extended
inactivity") introduced wacom_aes_battery_handler() which is scheduled
as a delayed work (aes_battery_work).

In wacom_remove(), aes_battery_work is not canceled. Consequently, if
the device is removed while aes_battery_work is still pending, then hard
crashes or "Oops: general protection fault..." are experienced when
wacom_aes_battery_handler() is finally called. E.g., this happens with
built-in USB devices after resume from hibernate when aes_battery_work
was still pending at the time of hibernation.

So, take care to cancel aes_battery_work in wacom_remove().
CVE-2025-30399 (Important severity, published 2025-06-09)
CVSS score: 7.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
CWE: CWE-427
Description: A remote code execution vulnerability in .NET 8.0 and 9.0. An attacker who can place malicious files in specific locations may trigger unintended code execution when the .NET runtime loads these files.
Statement: This vulnerability is Important because it allows remote code execution at the runtime level, targeting the fundamental assembly loading mechanism of .NET. Unlike moderate flaws that may require complex chaining or rely on user interaction, this issue can be exploited simply by placing malicious files in specific directories that .NET probes during execution.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options don’t meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability.
CVE-2025-1372 (Moderate severity, published 2025-02-16)
CVSS score: 5.3 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L)
CWE: CWE-120
Description: A flaw was found in GNU elfutils. This vulnerability allows buffer overflow, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution or crashes via manipulation of the 'z/x' argument in the dump_data_section/print_string_section function of readelf.c.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2025-21971 (Moderate severity, published 2025-03-31)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-703
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net_sched: Prevent creation of classes with TC_H_ROOT

The function qdisc_tree_reduce_backlog() uses TC_H_ROOT as a termination
condition when traversing up the qdisc tree to update parent backlog
counters. However, if a class is created with classid TC_H_ROOT, the
traversal terminates prematurely at this class instead of reaching the
actual root qdisc, causing parent statistics to be incorrectly maintained.
In case of DRR, this could lead to a crash as reported by Mingi Cho.

Prevent the creation of any Qdisc class with classid TC_H_ROOT
(0xFFFFFFFF) across all qdisc types, as suggested by Jamal.
CVE-2025-21834 (Low severity, published 2025-03-05)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

seccomp: passthrough uretprobe systemcall without filtering

When attaching uretprobes to processes running inside docker, the attached
process is segfaulted when encountering the retprobe.

The reason is that now that uretprobe is a system call the default seccomp
filters in docker block it as they only allow a specific set of known
syscalls. This is true for other userspace applications which use seccomp
to control their syscall surface.

Since uretprobe is a "kernel implementation detail" system call which is
not used by userspace application code directly, it is impractical and
there's very little point in forcing all userspace applications to
explicitly allow it in order to avoid crashing tracked processes.

Pass this systemcall through seccomp without depending on configuration.

Note: uretprobe is currently only x86_64 and isn't expected to ever be
supported in i386.

[kees: minimized changes for easier backporting, tweaked commit log]
CVE-2025-4035 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-27)
CVSS score: 4.3 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)
CWE: CWE-178
Description: A flaw was found in libsoup. When handling cookies, libsoup clients mistakenly allow cookies to be set for public suffix domains if the domain contains at least two components and includes an uppercase character. This bypasses public suffix protections and could allow a malicious website to set cookies for domains it does not own, potentially leading to integrity issues such as session fixation.
CVE-2025-21567 (Moderate severity, published 2025-01-21)
CVSS score: 4.3 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)
CWE: CWE-200
Description: A flaw was found in the MySQL Server component: Server: Security: Privileges. This vulnerability allows unauthorized read access to a subset of MySQL Server data via multiple protocols.
CVE-2025-0426 (Moderate severity, published 2025-02-13)
CVSS score: 6.2 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-400
Description: A flaw was found in Kubernetes. A large number of container checkpoint requests made to the unauthenticated kubelet read-only HTTP endpoint may fill the Node's disk, potentially leading to a Node denial of service.
Statement: OpenShift is not impacted by this vulnerability since the kubelet's unauthenticated read-only port is not enabled in that product.

Within regulated environments, a combination of the following controls acts as a significant barrier to successfully exploiting a CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability and therefore downgrades the severity of this particular CVE from Moderate to Low.

Red Hat restricts access to all platform information by default, granting access only after successful hard token-based multi-factor authentication (MFA) and enforcing least privilege to ensure only authorized roles can execute or modify code. The environment employs malicious code protections, including IDS/IPS and antimalware tools to detect threats and monitor resource usage, helping prevent uncontrolled consumption that could lead to system failure. Additional safeguards, such as web application firewalls and load-balancing strategies, protect against resource exhaustion and performance degradation. Event logs are centrally collected, correlated, and analyzed to support monitoring, alerting, and retention, aiding in the detection of abnormal behavior and potential denial-of-service (DoS) conditions. Static code analysis and peer reviews enforce strong input validation and error handling, reducing the likelihood of input-based DoS attacks.
Mitigation: To mitigate this vulnerability, disable the kubelet read-only port by setting `readOnlyPort: 0` in `/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml` and restarting kubelet. Additionally, disable container checkpointing by setting `ContainerCheckpoint: false` under featureGates. If using CRI-O, ensure `enable_criu_support=false` is configured in `/etc/crio/crio.conf`.
CVE-2025-38316 (Moderate severity, published 2025-07-09)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: mt76: mt7996: avoid NULL pointer dereference in mt7996_set_monitor()

The function mt7996_set_monitor() dereferences phy before
the NULL sanity check.

Fix this to avoid NULL pointer dereference by moving the
dereference after the check.