vdanen/rhvex-cve huggingface dataset:
CVE-2025-22062 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-15)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-476
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

sctp: add mutual exclusion in proc_sctp_do_udp_port()

We must serialize calls to sctp_udp_sock_stop() and sctp_udp_sock_start()
or risk a crash as syzbot reported:

Oops: general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address 0xdffffc000000000d: 0000 [#1] SMP KASAN PTI
KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000068-0x000000000000006f]
CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 6551 Comm: syz.1.44 Not tainted 6.14.0-syzkaller-g7f2ff7b62617 #0 PREEMPT(full)
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 02/12/2025
 RIP: 0010:kernel_sock_shutdown+0x47/0x70 net/socket.c:3653
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
  udp_tunnel_sock_release+0x68/0x80 net/ipv4/udp_tunnel_core.c:181
  sctp_udp_sock_stop+0x71/0x160 net/sctp/protocol.c:930
  proc_sctp_do_udp_port+0x264/0x450 net/sctp/sysctl.c:553
  proc_sys_call_handler+0x3d0/0x5b0 fs/proc/proc_sysctl.c:601
  iter_file_splice_write+0x91c/0x1150 fs/splice.c:738
  do_splice_from fs/splice.c:935 [inline]
  direct_splice_actor+0x18f/0x6c0 fs/splice.c:1158
  splice_direct_to_actor+0x342/0xa30 fs/splice.c:1102
  do_splice_direct_actor fs/splice.c:1201 [inline]
  do_splice_direct+0x174/0x240 fs/splice.c:1227
  do_sendfile+0xafd/0xe50 fs/read_write.c:1368
  __do_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1429 [inline]
  __se_sys_sendfile64 fs/read_write.c:1415 [inline]
  __x64_sys_sendfile64+0x1d8/0x220 fs/read_write.c:1415
  do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/syscall_64.c:63 [inline]
CVE-2025-3573 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-15)
CVSS score: 6.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)
CWE: CWE-79
Description: A flaw was found in the jquery-validation package. This vulnerability allows Cross-site scripting (XSS) via a user-controlled placeholder value passed to the showLabel() function, which populates messages using the $.validator.messages dictionary.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2025-38195 (Moderate severity, published 2025-07-03)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

LoongArch: Fix panic caused by NULL-PMD in huge_pte_offset()

ERROR INFO:

CPU 25 Unable to handle kernel paging request at virtual address 0x0
         ...
 Call Trace:
 [<900000000023c30c>] huge_pte_offset+0x3c/0x58
 [<900000000057fd4c>] hugetlb_follow_page_mask+0x74/0x438
 [<900000000051fee8>] __get_user_pages+0xe0/0x4c8
 [<9000000000522414>] faultin_page_range+0x84/0x380
 [<9000000000564e8c>] madvise_vma_behavior+0x534/0xa48
 [<900000000056689c>] do_madvise+0x1bc/0x3e8
 [<9000000000566df4>] sys_madvise+0x24/0x38
 [<90000000015b9e88>] do_syscall+0x78/0x98
 [<9000000000221f18>] handle_syscall+0xb8/0x158

In some cases, pmd may be NULL and rely on NULL as the return value for
processing, so it is necessary to determine this situation here.
CVE-2025-37775 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-30)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ksmbd: fix the warning from __kernel_write_iter

[ 2110.972290] ------------[ cut here ]------------
[ 2110.972301] WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 735 at fs/read_write.c:599 __kernel_write_iter+0x21b/0x280

This patch doesn't allow writing to directory.
CVE-2025-23366 (Moderate severity, published 2025-01-13)
CVSS score: 6.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)
CWE: CWE-79
Description: A flaw was found in the HAL Console in the Wildfly component, which does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output used as a web page that is served to other users. The attacker must be authenticated as a user that belongs to management groups “SuperUser”, “Admin”, or “Maintainer”.
Statement: Red Hat has evaluated and the attacker must be authenticated as user that belongs to management groups “SuperUser”, “Admin”, or “Maintainer”. This issue requires previous privilege to jeopardize an environment.
CVE-2025-22127 (Low severity, published 2025-04-15)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

f2fs: fix potential deadloop in prepare_compress_overwrite()

Jan Prusakowski reported a kernel hang issue as below:

When running xfstests on linux-next kernel (6.14.0-rc3, 6.12) I
encountered a problem in generic/475 test where fsstress process
gets blocked in __f2fs_write_data_pages() and the test hangs.
The options I used are:

MKFS_OPTIONS  -- -O compression -O extra_attr -O project_quota -O quota /dev/vdc
MOUNT_OPTIONS -- -o acl,user_xattr -o discard,compress_extension=* /dev/vdc /vdc

INFO: task kworker/u8:0:11 blocked for more than 122 seconds.
      Not tainted 6.14.0-rc3-xfstests-lockdep #1
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
task:kworker/u8:0    state:D stack:0     pid:11    tgid:11    ppid:2      task_flags:0x4208160 flags:0x00004000
Workqueue: writeback wb_workfn (flush-253:0)
Call Trace:
 <TASK>
 __schedule+0x309/0x8e0
 schedule+0x3a/0x100
 schedule_preempt_disabled+0x15/0x30
 __mutex_lock+0x59a/0xdb0
 __f2fs_write_data_pages+0x3ac/0x400
 do_writepages+0xe8/0x290
 __writeback_single_inode+0x5c/0x360
 writeback_sb_inodes+0x22f/0x570
 wb_writeback+0xb0/0x410
 wb_do_writeback+0x47/0x2f0
 wb_workfn+0x5a/0x1c0
 process_one_work+0x223/0x5b0
 worker_thread+0x1d5/0x3c0
 kthread+0xfd/0x230
 ret_from_fork+0x31/0x50
 ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30
 </TASK>

The root cause is: once generic/475 starts toload error table to dm
device, f2fs_prepare_compress_overwrite() will loop reading compressed
cluster pages due to IO error, meanwhile it has held .writepages lock,
it can block all other writeback tasks.

Let's fix this issue w/ below changes:
- add f2fs_handle_page_eio() in prepare_compress_overwrite() to
detect IO error.
- detect cp_error earler in f2fs_read_multi_pages().
CVE-2025-4166 (Moderate severity, published 2025-05-02)
CVSS score: 4.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)
CWE: CWE-209
Description: Vault Community and Vault Enterprise Key/Value (kv) Version 2 plugin may unintentionally expose sensitive information in server and audit logs when users submit malformed payloads during secret creation or update operations via the Vault REST API. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-4166, is fixed in Vault Community 1.19.3 and Vault Enterprise 1.19.3, 1.18.9, 1.17.16, 1.16.20.
Mitigation: Customers with the capability to search through server and audit logs for any possible exposed secrets can refer to the following snippets to aid in searching. More information on viewing audit and server logs can be found at: https://developer.hashicorp.com/vault/tutorials/monitoring/troubleshooting-vault#vault-logs
CVE-2025-21967 (Important severity, published 2025-03-31)
CVSS score: 7.8 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
CWE: CWE-416
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ksmbd: fix use-after-free in ksmbd_free_work_struct

->interim_entry of ksmbd_work could be deleted after oplock is freed.
We don't need to manage it with linked list. The interim request could be
immediately sent whenever a oplock break wait is needed.
CVE-2025-3359 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-06)
CVSS score: 6.2 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-754
Description: A flaw was found in GNUPlot. A segmentation fault via IO_str_init_static_internal may jeopardize the environment.
Mitigation: Currently, no mitigation is available for this vulnerability.
CVE-2025-37919 (Moderate severity, published 2025-05-19)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ASoC: amd: acp: Fix NULL pointer deref in acp_i2s_set_tdm_slot

Update chip data using dev_get_drvdata(dev->parent) to fix
NULL pointer deref in acp_i2s_set_tdm_slot.
Statement: Fixes a potential NULL pointer dereference in acp_i2s_set_tdm_slot() by using correct chip data retrieval. Only affects systems with AMD ACP audio and does not lead to privilege escalation or data leaks.
CVE-2025-1734 (Moderate severity, published 2025-03-30)
CVSS score: 3.7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)
CWE: CWE-20
Description: A flaw was found in PHP. This vulnerability allows applications to accept invalid headers via malformed HTTP headers missing a colon (:), which may confuse applications into processing them as valid headers.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2025-6858 (Low severity, published 2025-06-29)
CVSS score: 3.3 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)
CWE: CWE-476
Description: A flaw was found in hdf5. The H5C__flush_single_entry function contains a NULL pointer dereference triggered by the manipulation of data within a file. A local attacker can induce this condition. This issue can lead to a potential denial of service.
Mitigation: Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.
CVE-2025-38300 (Moderate severity, published 2025-07-09)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-20
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

crypto: sun8i-ce-cipher - fix error handling in sun8i_ce_cipher_prepare()

Fix two DMA cleanup issues on the error path in sun8i_ce_cipher_prepare():

1] If dma_map_sg() fails for areq->dst, the device driver would try to free
   DMA memory it has not allocated in the first place. To fix this, on the
   "theend_sgs" error path, call dma unmap only if the corresponding dma
   map was successful.

2] If the dma_map_single() call for the IV fails, the device driver would
   try to free an invalid DMA memory address on the "theend_iv" path:
   ------------[ cut here ]------------
   DMA-API: sun8i-ce 1904000.crypto: device driver tries to free an invalid DMA memory address
   WARNING: CPU: 2 PID: 69 at kernel/dma/debug.c:968 check_unmap+0x123c/0x1b90
   Modules linked in: skcipher_example(O+)
   CPU: 2 UID: 0 PID: 69 Comm: 1904000.crypto- Tainted: G           O        6.15.0-rc3+ #24 PREEMPT
   Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE
   Hardware name: OrangePi Zero2 (DT)
   pc : check_unmap+0x123c/0x1b90
   lr : check_unmap+0x123c/0x1b90
   ...
   Call trace:
    check_unmap+0x123c/0x1b90 (P)
    debug_dma_unmap_page+0xac/0xc0
    dma_unmap_page_attrs+0x1f4/0x5fc
    sun8i_ce_cipher_do_one+0x1bd4/0x1f40
    crypto_pump_work+0x334/0x6e0
    kthread_worker_fn+0x21c/0x438
    kthread+0x374/0x664
    ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20
   ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---

To fix this, check for !dma_mapping_error() before calling
dma_unmap_single() on the "theend_iv" path.
CVE-2025-44021 (Moderate severity, published 2025-05-07)
CVSS score: 5.4 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)
CWE: CWE-427
Description: A flaw was found in Ironic. It did not filter file:// paths when used as an image source except to ensure they were a file. This issue could cause config files from well-known paths to be written to disk on a node.
Statement: This is rated as a moderate vulnerability because it requires pre-existing privileged access to Ironic’s API or configuration to exploit. While misuse of file:// paths could expose sensitive host files by writing them to provisioned nodes, the flaw does not enable code execution or privilege escalation on the host. Its impact is limited to information disclosure during provisioning, and secure deployments typically restrict file:// usage or isolate Ironic’s file access, further reducing the risk.
Mitigation: Currently, no mitigation is available for this vulnerability.
CVE-2025-21822 (Low severity, published 2025-02-26)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-908
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ptp: vmclock: Set driver data before its usage

If vmclock_ptp_register() fails during probing, vmclock_remove() is
called to clean up the ptp clock and misc device.
It uses dev_get_drvdata() to access the vmclock state.
However the driver data is not yet set at this point.

Assign the driver data earlier.
CVE-2025-21988 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-01)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-99
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

fs/netfs/read_collect: add to next->prev_donated

If multiple subrequests donate data to the same "next" request
(depending on the subrequest completion order), each of them would
overwrite the `prev_donated` field, causing data corruption and a
BUG() crash ("Can't donate prior to front").
CVE-2025-38479 (Low severity, published 2025-04-17)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

dmaengine: fsl-edma: free irq correctly in remove path

Add fsl_edma->txirq/errirq check to avoid below warning because no
errirq at i.MX9 platform. Otherwise there will be kernel dump:
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 11 at kernel/irq/devres.c:144 devm_free_irq+0x74/0x80
Modules linked in:
CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 11 Comm: kworker/u8:0 Not tainted 6.12.0-rc7#18
Hardware name: NXP i.MX93 11X11 EVK board (DT)
Workqueue: events_unbound deferred_probe_work_func
pstate: 60400009 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--)
pc : devm_free_irq+0x74/0x80
lr : devm_free_irq+0x48/0x80
Call trace:
 devm_free_irq+0x74/0x80 (P)
 devm_free_irq+0x48/0x80 (L)
 fsl_edma_remove+0xc4/0xc8
 platform_remove+0x28/0x44
 device_remove+0x4c/0x80
CVE-2025-38183 (Moderate severity, published 2025-07-03)
CVSS score: 7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

net: lan743x: fix potential out-of-bounds write in lan743x_ptp_io_event_clock_get()

Before calling lan743x_ptp_io_event_clock_get(), the 'channel' value
is checked against the maximum value of PCI11X1X_PTP_IO_MAX_CHANNELS(8).
This seems correct and aligns with the PTP interrupt status register
(PTP_INT_STS) specifications.

However, lan743x_ptp_io_event_clock_get() writes to ptp->extts[] with
only LAN743X_PTP_N_EXTTS(4) elements, using channel as an index:

    lan743x_ptp_io_event_clock_get(..., u8 channel,...)
    {
        ...
        /* Update Local timestamp */
        extts = &ptp->extts[channel];
        extts->ts.tv_sec = sec;
        ...
    }

To avoid an out-of-bounds write and utilize all the supported GPIO
inputs, set LAN743X_PTP_N_EXTTS to 8.

Detected using the static analysis tool - Svace.
CVE-2025-21658 (Moderate severity, published 2025-01-20)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
CWE: CWE-476
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

btrfs: avoid NULL pointer dereference if no valid extent tree

[BUG]
Syzbot reported a crash with the following call trace:

  BTRFS info (device loop0): scrub: started on devid 1
  BUG: kernel NULL pointer dereference, address: 0000000000000208
  #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode
  #PF: error_code(0x0000) - not-present page
  PGD 106e70067 P4D 106e70067 PUD 107143067 PMD 0
  Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] PREEMPT SMP NOPTI
  CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 689 Comm: repro Kdump: loaded Tainted: G           O       6.13.0-rc4-custom+ #206
  Tainted: [O]=OOT_MODULE
  Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS unknown 02/02/2022
  RIP: 0010:find_first_extent_item+0x26/0x1f0 [btrfs]
  Call Trace:
   <TASK>
   scrub_find_fill_first_stripe+0x13d/0x3b0 [btrfs]
   scrub_simple_mirror+0x175/0x260 [btrfs]
   scrub_stripe+0x5d4/0x6c0 [btrfs]
   scrub_chunk+0xbb/0x170 [btrfs]
   scrub_enumerate_chunks+0x2f4/0x5f0 [btrfs]
   btrfs_scrub_dev+0x240/0x600 [btrfs]
   btrfs_ioctl+0x1dc8/0x2fa0 [btrfs]
   ? do_sys_openat2+0xa5/0xf0
   __x64_sys_ioctl+0x97/0xc0
   do_syscall_64+0x4f/0x120
   entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e
   </TASK>

[CAUSE]
The reproducer is using a corrupted image where extent tree root is
corrupted, thus forcing to use "rescue=all,ro" mount option to mount the
image.

Then it triggered a scrub, but since scrub relies on extent tree to find
where the data/metadata extents are, scrub_find_fill_first_stripe()
relies on an non-empty extent root.

But unfortunately scrub_find_fill_first_stripe() doesn't really expect
an NULL pointer for extent root, it use extent_root to grab fs_info and
triggered a NULL pointer dereference.

[FIX]
Add an extra check for a valid extent root at the beginning of
scrub_find_fill_first_stripe().

The new error path is introduced by 42437a6386ff ("btrfs: introduce
mount option rescue=ignorebadroots"), but that's pretty old, and later
commit b979547513ff ("btrfs: scrub: introduce helper to find and fill
sector info for a scrub_stripe") changed how we do scrub.

So for kernels older than 6.6, the fix will need manual backport.
CVE-2025-2724 (None severity, published 2025-03-24)
CVSS score: 3.3 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)
CWE: CWE-125
Description: A flaw was found in the libgsf package, affecting the sorting_key_copy function. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host, and manipulation of the Name argument can lead to out-of-bounds read.
Statement: This CVE has been marked as Rejected by the assigning CNA. The code maintainer explains that "the only way to get an object of type GsfMSOleSortingKey is via gsf_msole_sorting_key_new which adds that extra zero element".
CVE-2025-38029 (Moderate severity, published 2025-06-17)
CVSS score: 7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

kasan: avoid sleepable page allocation from atomic context

apply_to_pte_range() enters the lazy MMU mode and then invokes
kasan_populate_vmalloc_pte() callback on each page table walk iteration. 
However, the callback can go into sleep when trying to allocate a single
page, e.g.  if an architecutre disables preemption on lazy MMU mode enter.

On s390 if make arch_enter_lazy_mmu_mode() -> preempt_enable() and
arch_leave_lazy_mmu_mode() -> preempt_disable(), such crash occurs:

[    0.663336] BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at ./include/linux/sched/mm.h:321
[    0.663348] in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, non_block: 0, pid: 2, name: kthreadd
[    0.663358] preempt_count: 1, expected: 0
[    0.663366] RCU nest depth: 0, expected: 0
[    0.663375] no locks held by kthreadd/2.
[    0.663383] Preemption disabled at:
[    0.663386] [<0002f3284cbb4eda>] apply_to_pte_range+0xfa/0x4a0
[    0.663405] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 2 Comm: kthreadd Not tainted 6.15.0-rc5-gcc-kasan-00043-gd76bb1ebb558-dirty #162 PREEMPT
[    0.663408] Hardware name: IBM 3931 A01 701 (KVM/Linux)
[    0.663409] Call Trace:
[    0.663410]  [<0002f3284c385f58>] dump_stack_lvl+0xe8/0x140
[    0.663413]  [<0002f3284c507b9e>] __might_resched+0x66e/0x700
[    0.663415]  [<0002f3284cc4f6c0>] __alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x370/0x4b0
[    0.663419]  [<0002f3284ccc73c0>] alloc_pages_mpol+0x1a0/0x4a0
[    0.663421]  [<0002f3284ccc8518>] alloc_frozen_pages_noprof+0x88/0xc0
[    0.663424]  [<0002f3284ccc8572>] alloc_pages_noprof+0x22/0x120
[    0.663427]  [<0002f3284cc341ac>] get_free_pages_noprof+0x2c/0xc0
[    0.663429]  [<0002f3284cceba70>] kasan_populate_vmalloc_pte+0x50/0x120
[    0.663433]  [<0002f3284cbb4ef8>] apply_to_pte_range+0x118/0x4a0
[    0.663435]  [<0002f3284cbc7c14>] apply_to_pmd_range+0x194/0x3e0
[    0.663437]  [<0002f3284cbc99be>] __apply_to_page_range+0x2fe/0x7a0
[    0.663440]  [<0002f3284cbc9e88>] apply_to_page_range+0x28/0x40
[    0.663442]  [<0002f3284ccebf12>] kasan_populate_vmalloc+0x82/0xa0
[    0.663445]  [<0002f3284cc1578c>] alloc_vmap_area+0x34c/0xc10
[    0.663448]  [<0002f3284cc1c2a6>] __get_vm_area_node+0x186/0x2a0
[    0.663451]  [<0002f3284cc1e696>] __vmalloc_node_range_noprof+0x116/0x310
[    0.663454]  [<0002f3284cc1d950>] __vmalloc_node_noprof+0xd0/0x110
[    0.663457]  [<0002f3284c454b88>] alloc_thread_stack_node+0xf8/0x330
[    0.663460]  [<0002f3284c458d56>] dup_task_struct+0x66/0x4d0
[    0.663463]  [<0002f3284c45be90>] copy_process+0x280/0x4b90
[    0.663465]  [<0002f3284c460940>] kernel_clone+0xd0/0x4b0
[    0.663467]  [<0002f3284c46115e>] kernel_thread+0xbe/0xe0
[    0.663469]  [<0002f3284c4e440e>] kthreadd+0x50e/0x7f0
[    0.663472]  [<0002f3284c38c04a>] __ret_from_fork+0x8a/0xf0
[    0.663475]  [<0002f3284ed57ff2>] ret_from_fork+0xa/0x38

Instead of allocating single pages per-PTE, bulk-allocate the shadow
memory prior to applying kasan_populate_vmalloc_pte() callback on a page
range.
CVE-2025-22074 (Low severity, published 2025-04-15)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ksmbd: fix r_count dec/increment mismatch

r_count is only increased when there is an oplock break wait,
so r_count inc/decrement are not paired. This can cause r_count
to become negative, which can lead to a problem where the ksmbd
thread does not terminate.
CVE-2025-37763 (Moderate severity, published 2025-04-30)
CVSS score: 5.5 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

drm/imagination: take paired job reference

For paired jobs, have the fragment job take a reference on the
geometry job, so that the geometry job cannot be freed until
the fragment job has finished with it.

The geometry job structure is accessed when the fragment job is being
prepared by the GPU scheduler. Taking the reference prevents the
geometry job being freed until the fragment job no longer requires it.

Fixes a use after free bug detected by KASAN:

[  124.256386] BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in pvr_queue_prepare_job+0x108/0x868 [powervr]
[  124.264893] Read of size 1 at addr ffff0000084cb960 by task kworker/u16:4/63
CVE-2025-38212 (Moderate severity, published 2025-07-03)
CVSS score: 7 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

ipc: fix to protect IPCS lookups using RCU

syzbot reported that it discovered a use-after-free vulnerability, [0]

[0]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/67af13f8.050a0220.21dd3.0038.GAE@google.com/

idr_for_each() is protected by rwsem, but this is not enough.  If it is
not protected by RCU read-critical region, when idr_for_each() calls
radix_tree_node_free() through call_rcu() to free the radix_tree_node
structure, the node will be freed immediately, and when reading the next
node in radix_tree_for_each_slot(), the already freed memory may be read.

Therefore, we need to add code to make sure that idr_for_each() is
protected within the RCU read-critical region when we call it in
shm_destroy_orphaned().
CVE-2025-21930 (Low severity, published 2025-03-31)
CVSS score: 4.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)
Description: In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

wifi: iwlwifi: mvm: don't try to talk to a dead firmware

This fixes:

 bad state = 0
 WARNING: CPU: 10 PID: 702 at drivers/net/wireless/inel/iwlwifi/iwl-trans.c:178 iwl_trans_send_cmd+0xba/0xe0 [iwlwifi]
 Call Trace:
  <TASK>
  ? __warn+0xca/0x1c0
  ? iwl_trans_send_cmd+0xba/0xe0 [iwlwifi 64fa9ad799a0e0d2ba53d4af93a53ad9a531f8d4]
  iwl_fw_dbg_clear_monitor_buf+0xd7/0x110 [iwlwifi 64fa9ad799a0e0d2ba53d4af93a53ad9a531f8d4]
  _iwl_dbgfs_fw_dbg_clear_write+0xe2/0x120 [iwlmvm 0e8adb18cea92d2c341766bcc10b18699290068a]

Ask whether the firmware is alive before sending a command.