varunr14/newsummary huggingface dataset:
Unified communications has enabled seamless data sharing between multiple devices running on various platforms . Traditionally organizations use local servers to store data and employees access the data using desktops with predefined security policies . In the era of unified communications employees exploit the advantages of smart devices and 4G wireless technology to access the data from anywhere and anytime . Security protocols such as access control designed for traditional setup are not sufficient when integrating mobile devices with organization s internal network . Within this context we exploit the features of smart devices to enhance the security of the traditional access control technique . Dynamic attributes in smart devices such as unlock failures application usage location and proximity of devices can be used to determine the risk level of an end user . In this paper we seamlessly incorporate the dynamic attributes to the conventional access control scheme . Inclusion of dynamic attributes provides an additional layer of security to the conventional access control . We demonstrate that the efficiency of the proposed algorithm is comparable to the efficiency of the conventional schemes . 


Summary: We propose robust access control framework for a network which has allowed smart devices to be connected to the internal network in order to enable seamless data sharing. Smart device s sensor data such as location app usage pattern unlock failures are being considered for access control and data confidentiality These sensor data and conventional static credentials are combined to develop a secure framework which verifies the users access privileges in run time The algorithm supports both the access control and data confidentiality simultaneously. Algorithms are validated via simulation and the results show that the performance is comparable with existing schemes. Existing schemes are thoroughly surveyed and different between proposed and existing schemes are clearly highlighted.
This study examined the effects of display method text display rate and observation angle on comprehension performance and subjective preferences for Chinese characters presented on an LED display . The factors and levels studied were as follows four text display methods three text display rates and seven observation angles . The results indicated that a display rate of 160cpm was in general superior to 240 and 320cpm for comprehension scores and subjective evaluations . The effects of display method and observation angle were found to be non significant . However there was a significant interaction between display method and display rate . The results of this study were used to make ergonomics recommendations applicable to LED displays for determining optimum dynamic text display methods for Chinese characters . 


Summary: We investigated the optimum dynamic text display methods for delivering Chinese messages on an LED display. The optimal display rate is 160cpm whereas speeds at 320cpm or above are not recommended. Leading display method should be used when the display rate at 320cpm or above is necessary.
We have grown crystals in which two kinds of thiophene phenylene co oligomers are hybridized . Biphenyl capped thiophene and biphenyl capped terthiophene were chosen from among the TPCOs . The hybrid crystals were grown in both the vapor phase and the liquid phase . These hybrid crystals showed the emission colors intermediate between the two components . Correspondingly maximum peak positions of the emissions from the hybrid crystals were located halfway between those from single component crystals of BP1T and BP3T . We made hybrid thin films by co deposition of the two TPCOs in vacuum . The thin films exhibited both emission colors and emission peak positions similar to those of the hybrid crystals . The X ray diffraction measurements indicate that the crystallographic structure of the hybrid crystals resembles that of the BP1T crystal . Also we made field effect transistors using the hybrid crystals and measured their hole mobilities . We briefly discuss the implications of the X ray diffraction and electrical data . 


Summary: We have grown the hybrid crystals of two thiophene phenylene co oligomers TPCOs . They were biphenyl capped thiophene BP1T and biphenyl capped terthiophene BP3T . The hybrid crystals showed the emission colors intermediate between the two TPCOs. The crystallographic structure of the hybrid crystals was similar to that of BP1T.
Sketch based human motion retrieval is a hot topic in computer animation in recent years . In this paper we present a novel sketch based human motion retrieval method via selected 2 dimensional Geometric Posture Descriptor . Specially we firstly propose a rich 2D pose feature call 2D Geometric Posture Descriptor which is effective in encoding the 2D posture similarity by exploiting the geometric relationships among different human body parts . Since the original 2GPD is of high dimension and redundant a semi supervised feature selection algorithm derived from Laplacian Score is then adopted to select the most discriminative feature component of 2GPD as feature representation and we call it as selected 2GPD . Finally a posture by posture motion retrieval algorithm is used to retrieve a motion sequence by sketching several key postures . Experimental results on CMU human motion database demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach . 


Summary: We proposed a rich 2D pose feature called 2D Geometric Posture Descriptor 2GPD . The 2GPD is effective to the changeable hand drawn sketch. A semi supervised feature selection algorithm based on Laplacian Score is used to simplify our features. We proposed an efficient sketched based human motion retrieval framework.
Blue organic light emitting devices combing a composite hole transporting layer and novel homogeneous double emitting layers have been fabricated . The c HTL plays a significant role of rectification in balancing the carriers injection concentration which matches well with the DELs structure . The DELs is consisted of two homogeneous hosts such as 2 methyl 9 10 di anthracene and 9 10 di anthracene . The optimal device presents the maximal current efficiency of 15.9cd A at 4.9mA cm2 and the minor efficiency roll off of 13.4 under the driving voltage varying from 5V to 10V respectively . Meanwhile the device s maximal current efficiency and the corresponding efficiency roll off have been obviously improved by 55.9 and 63.9 compared with those of the conventional device . These results indicate that the homogeneous DELs not only greatly facilitate carriers injection into the emitting layer but also evenly modulate carriers distribution due to natural energy barrier of the interface . The transient photoluminescence decay of double hosts further illustrates that the DELs structure can increase the recombination ratio of electron hole pairs and improve the exciton s utilization . Additionally the optimal device current density is reduced by 44.1 under the same luminance of 25 780cd m2 compared with that of the conventional device . 


Summary: Composite hole transporting layer with novel homogenous double emitting layers. Balance of carrier distribution as well as the expansion of exciton formation zone. Blue OLEDs based on the structure of c HTL and DELs exhibit improved performances.
Common projection optics use K hler illumination to achieve a required lighting . These systems always prevent the realization of a compact optical configuration along with a high lumen output . Based on conventional K hler illumination a modified K hler illumination system for LED based projection display is presented in this paper which can significantly reduce the system volume while allowing for adequate and homogeneous illumination . Equipped with the proposed system a pocket sized CF LCoS projector with a physical dimension of 27.4mm 19.4mm 9.6mm is designed simulated and analyzed . Compared to conventional approaches this design could offer an average 43 volume reduction with acceptable tolerance . To the best of our knowledge the screen uniformity of 90.2 and the light efficiency of 56.5 are competitive as compared with those of the currently commercialized pocket sized CF LCoS projectors . 


Summary: An improved design of conventional K hler illumination is proposed for projection display. The modified K hler illumination can significantly reduce the system volume. An actual pocket sized CF LCoS projector is designed simulated and analyzed. High light efficiency and illumination uniformity are both available. Tolerance analysis shows that the system is well acceptable for current machining.
Objective It is generally assumed that motion in motion images is responsible for increased postural sway as well as for visually induced motion sickness . However this has not yet been tested . To that end we studied postural sway and VIMS induced by motion and still images . Method 15 Participants were exposed to motion and still images in separate sessions . Motion images consisted of video clips taken from a first person shooter game . Still images consisted of stills taken every 10s from these same clips . Before during and after exposure VIMS was rated and postural sway was measured . Sway path length standard deviation and short and long term scaling components of the centre of pressure were calculated as measures of postural sway . Results VIMS scores obtained during and after exposure to motion images were significantly higher compared to scores obtained before and directly after exposure to still images . The sway path length standard deviation in anteroposterior direction and short term scaling components in mediolateral and anteroposterior direction increased significantly during exposure to motion and still images . Conclusion In this experiment motion and still images caused different levels of VIMS but comparable increases in postural sway . We assume VIMS was caused by a mismatch between visual and vestibular motion cues . The increase in sway during exposure to still images can be explained by visual effects present in still images . The lack of vection in the motion images may explain why sway was not larger when viewing these motion images as compared to viewing the still images . 


Summary: The effect of visual motion on visually induced motion sickness VIMS and postural control was studied. Postural sway is not necessarily increased by visual motion. Visually induced motion sickness VIMS seems to be caused by visual motion. Different from sickness motion in images does not seem to be the necessary condition to increase postural sway.
With teleconferencing becoming more accessible as a communication platform researchers are working to understand the consequences of the interaction between human perception and this unfamiliar environment . Given the enclosed space of a teleconference room along with the physical separation between the user microphone and speakers the transmitted audio often becomes mixed with the reverberating auditory components from the room . As a result the audio can be perceived as smeared in time and this can affect the user experience and perceived quality . Moreover other challenges remain to be solved . For instance during encoding compression and transmission the audio and video streams are typically treated separately . Consequently the signals are rarely perfectly aligned and synchronous . In effect timing affects both reverberation and audiovisual synchrony and the two challenges may well be inter dependent . This study explores the temporal integration of audiovisual continuous speech and speech syllables along with a non speech event across a range of asynchrony levels for different reverberation conditions . Non reverberant stimuli are compared to stimuli with added reverberation recordings . Findings reveal that reverberation does not affect the temporal integration of continuous speech . However reverberation influences the temporal integration of the isolated speech syllables and the action oriented event with perceived subjective synchrony skewed towards audio lead asynchrony and away from the more common audio lag direction . Furthermore less time is spent on simultaneity judgements for the longer sequences when the temporal offsets get longer and when reverberation is introduced suggesting that both asynchrony and reverberation add to the demands of the task . 


Summary: Explores perceived audiovisual synchrony in reverberant environments. The temporal smear caused by reverberation can alter a signal s acoustic signature. Reverberating acoustics is a common problem in teleconferencing systems. Reverberation may not have adverse effects on the perceived synchrony for continuous audiovisual speech. The temporal integration of speech syllables and isolated events is affected by the acoustic phenomenon.
Previous studies on stereoscopic acuity have shown that the percentage of stereo blind subjects is relevant . Moreover stereoscopic visualization is becoming widely diffused in different fields like e.g . entertainment surgery or VR training where it is necessary an accurate assessment of stereoscopic abilities of the involved subjects . Therefore there might be the need of performing a stereo blindness and stereo acuity test before each visualization session involving stereoscopic images . In this paper we propose a method to assess stereo acuity and stereo blindness directly on the chosen device under the same visualization condition and setup adopted for the tasks to perform in order to have the same perceptual response . We present software based tests suitable for a generic stereoscopic displays and we compare their effectiveness performing a comparison with a standard physical card based test commonly used in assessment of stereo acuity and stereo blindness . We provide to the reader all the details to perform autonomously the tests of which images will be downloadable from web . 


Summary: Stereo acuity and blindness assessment directly on the used display. We present test assessment with users and comparison with a physical test. We provide all the details and the images to perform autonomously the tests.
In this study we propose a robust algorithm for reconstructing free form space curves in space using a Non Uniform Rational B Spline snake model . Two perspective images of the required free form curve are used as the input and a nonlinear optimization process is used to fit a NURBS snake on the projected data in these images . Control points and weights are treated as decision variables in the optimization process . The Levenberg Marquardt optimization algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the NURBS snake where the initial solution is obtained using a two step procedure . This makes the convergence faster and it stabilizes the optimization procedure . The curve reconstruction problem is reduced to a problem that comprises stereo reconstruction of the control points and computation of the corresponding weights . Several experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm and comparisons were made with other existing approaches . 


Summary: A novel approach for the reconstruction of free form space curves is presented. The proposed approach is based on NURBS snake model and quadratic programming. An energy minimization method which is analogous to snake model NURBS snake model is used. Levenberg Marquardt algorithm is used for optimizing the parameters of the energy function. The initial parameters of the NURBS snake are obtained using a two step procedure in which firstly weights are obtained by solving a quadratic programming problem and then control points are evolved by solving a system of linear equation. The proposed method has been tested using various synthetic and real data. The proposed scheme is also applicable when the samplings of image curves vary. The method is easy to implement and can be used to reconstruct complex free form shape curves.
The article investigates how the various colors and color pairs used as grouping factors affect the visual search process and direct manipulation activities in the context of toolbar like graphical panels . Red green and blue colors having the same perceptual distance in the CIELab space are used . The results demonstrate significant influence of the examined color related factors on the speed and accuracy . The color preattentive property depends strongly on the grouping pattern layouts with smaller colored areas were operated worse than panels divided into larger parts . Meaningful differences were also observed between panels with single and two colored backgrounds . Preferences were examined by pairwise comparisons before and after performing the search and select tasks . Subjective judgments were significantly differentiated by the toolbar background color pattern both prior to the performance tasks and after them . The initial relative weights structure changed decidedly after the performance experience being more consistent with the search and select results . The location factor was irrelevant for the speed and accuracy as well as for preferences . Objective and subjective findings are compared and discussed . Linear regression models showing the preference structure change and the relationship between mean acquisition times and mean preference weights are developed and discussed . 


Summary: Toolbars with background colors having the same perceptual distance are examined. Smaller uniformly colored areas are operated worse in terms of speed and accuracy than those divided into larger parts. Preferences strongly depend on the toolbar color pattern and decidedly change after the performance tasks. Regression models of preference change and relationship between speed and preferences are developed and discussed.
In this paper the dual representation of spatial parametric curves and its properties are studied . In particular rational curves have a polynomial dual representation which turns out to be both theoretically and computationally appropriate to tackle the main goal of the paper spatial rational Pythagorean hodograph curves . The dual representation of a rational PH curve is generated here by a quaternion polynomial which defines the Euler Rodrigues frame of a curve . Conditions which imply low degree dual form representation are considered in detail . In particular a linear quaternion polynomial leads to cubic or reparameterized cubic polynomial PH curves . A quadratic quaternion polynomial generates a wider class of rational PH curves and perhaps the most useful is the ten parameter family of cubic rational PH curves determined here in the closed form . 


Summary: Dual representation of spatial rational PH curves is presented. Connection between the degrees of a dual and a point representation of rational curves is revealed. It is proven that linear quaternion polynomials lead to reparameterized cubic PH curves. Spatial rational PH curves of a class are derived in a closed form having degrees of freedom.
Online Social Networks constitute vital communication and information sharing channels . Unfortunately existing coarse grained privacy preferences insufficiently protect the shared information . Although cryptographic techniques provide interesting mechanisms to protect privacy several issues remain problematic such as OSN provider acceptance user adoption key management and usability . To mitigate these problems we propose a practical solution that uses Identity Based Encryption to simplify key management and enforce data confidentiality . Moreover we devise an Identity Based outsider anonymous private sharing scheme to disseminate information among multiple users . Furthermore we demonstrate the viability and tolerable overhead of our solution via an open source prototype . 


Summary: Novel practical solution using Identity based Encryption with multiple untrusted Key Servers PKGs to be used on top of current Online Social Networks OSNs to protect privacy as con dentiality of the content. An outsider anonymous Identity Based broadcast encryption protocol with a multi PKG model to support multiple recipients. A prototype implementation as Firefox extension requiring a relatively small overhead.
There are hundreds of distinct 3D CAD and engineering file formats. As engineering design and analysis has become increasingly digital the proliferation of file formats has created many problems for data preservation data exchange and interoperability. In some situations physical file objects exist on legacy media and must be identified and interpreted for reuse. In other cases file objects may have varying representational expressiveness. We introduce the problem of automated file recognition and classification in emerging digital engineering environments where all design manufacturing and production activities are born digital. The result is that massive quantities and varieties of data objects are created during the product lifecycle. This paper presents an approach to automated identification of engineering file formats. This work operates independent of any modeling tools and can identify families of related file objects as well as variations in versions. This problem is challenging as it cannot assume any a priori knowledge about the nature of the physical file object. Applications for these methods include support for a number of emerging applications in areas such as forensic analysis data translation as well as digital curation and long term data management. 


Summary: Provides support for emerging applications in long term data management. Compression based classification enables specification free format identification. Classification accuracy best when NCD distance and the first 16KB of files used. Classifier is highly effective at distinguishing among very similar formats. Computational time is comparable or better than approaches based on known signatures.
A promising development in the design of datacenters is the hybrid network architecture consisting of both optical and electrical elements in which end to end traffic can be routed through either an electrical path or an optical path . The core optical switch is used to dynamically create optical paths between pairs of electrical edge switches in such a datacenter network . In this context the joint problem of bandwidth allocation and VM placement poses new and different challenges not addressed yet in hybrid datacenter . In particular we foresee two issues the number of edge switches that can be simultaneously reached using optical paths from an edge switch is limited by the size of the optical switch the dynamic creation of optical paths can potentially establish a constrained optical network topology leading to poor performance . In this work we abstract the requests of tenants as virtual networks and study the problem of embedding virtual networks on a hybrid datacenter . We formulate the problem as a non linear optimization problem and analyze its complexity . We develop and analyse three algorithms for embedding dynamically arriving virtual network demands on a hybrid optical electrical datacenter . Through simulations we demonstrate the effectiveness of not only exploiting the already established optical paths but also of using electrical network in embedding requests of virtual networks . 


Summary: Joint problem of bandwidth allocation and VM placement in optical electrical DC. Challenges i limited reachability due to the size of the optical switch in the datacenter netework ii dynamic creation of optical paths lead to the creation of constrained optical network topology. The problem is formulated as nonlinear optimization problem that is NP hard in nature. Input requests from users are abstracted as virtual networks where a single node in a virtual network is a cluster of VMs and an edge connecting two nodes is the bandwidth demand between the two clusters of VMs. Three algorithms are developed for embedding input virtual networks on hybrid datacenter network and their performances are evaluated using simulations.