varunr14/newsummary huggingface dataset:
Landslide susceptibility mapping is making increasing use of GIS based spatial analysis in combination with multi criteria evaluation methods . We have developed a new multi criteria decision analysis method for LSM and applied it to the Izeh River basin in south western Iran . Our method is based on fuzzy membership functions derived from GIS analysis . It makes use of nine causal landslide factors identified by local landslide experts . Fuzzy set theory was first integrated with an analytical hierarchy process in order to use pairwise comparisons to compare LSM criteria for ranking purposes . FMFs were then applied in order to determine the criteria weights to be used in the development of a landslide susceptibility map . Finally a landslide inventory database was used to validate the LSM map by comparing it with known landslides within the study area . Results indicated that the integration of fuzzy set theory with AHP produced significantly improved accuracies and a high level of reliability in the resulting landslide susceptibility map . Approximately 53 of known landslides within our study area fell within zones classified as having very high susceptibility with the further 31 falling into zones classified as having high susceptibility . 


Summary: We have developed a new multi criteria decision analysis method for landslide mapping. Our method is based on fuzzy membership functions derived from GIS analysis. We integrated extended fuzzy with AHP to overcome of associated uncertainty with GIS Multicriteria Decision Making. The results demonstrate that the accuracy of GIS Multicriteria can be improved through FAHP.
The objective of this study is to put forward a new non contact resistance measurement method for repeating bending tests of transparent electrodes deposited on flexible display substrates . The study utilizes a terahertz time domain spectroscopy method to measure electrical properties of flexible polyethylene terephthalate indium tin oxide samples up to 20 000 bending times . In addition this study utilizes THz TDS method to measure electrical characteristics of flexible substrates with hard coat films . Accordingly the percentage errors of measured sheet resistances based on THz TDS method are less than or equal to 5.5 for comparison with a contact type four point probe method or our previously reported flexible characteristic inspection system method . The values show a reasonable agreement with contact mode sheet resistance measurements . Therefore the electrical properties of thin films are measured offline or online easily by using this method . 


Summary: Non contact measurement based on a terahertz time domain spectroscopy is presented. Electrical properties of flexible display substrates under bending test are spectroscopically measured. Measurement results show a reasonable agreement with contact mode measurements.
Twitter is a popular social network which allows millions of users to share their opinions on what happens all over the world . In this work we present a system for real time Twitter data analysis in order to follow popular events from the user s perspective . The method we propose extends and improves the Soft Frequent Pattern Mining algorithm by overcoming its limitations in dealing with dynamic real time detection scenarios . In particular in order to obtain timely results the stream of tweets is organized in dynamic windows whose size depends both on the volume of tweets and time . Since we aim to highlight the user s point of view the set of keywords used to query Twitter is progressively refined to include new relevant terms which reflect the emergence of new subtopics or new trends in the main topic . The real time detection system has been evaluated during the 2014 FIFA World Cup and experimental results show the effectiveness of our solution . 


Summary: A framework for real time Twitter data analysis We propose improvements to the Soft Frequent Pattern Mining SFPM algorithm The stream of tweets is organized in dynamic windows whose size depends both on the volume of tweets and time The set of keywords used to query Twitter is progressively refined to highlight the user s point of view Comparisons with two state of the art systems
A hierarchical approach for modelling the adaptability features of complex systems is introduced . It is based on a structural level S describing the adaptation dynamics of the system and a behavioural level B accounting for the description of the admissible dynamics of the system . Moreover a unified system called is defined by coupling S and B . The adaptation semantics is such that the S level imposes structural constraints on the B level which has to adapt whenever it no longer can satisfy them . In this context we introduce weak and strong adaptability i.e . the ability of a system to adapt for some evolution paths or for all possible evolutions respectively . We provide a relational characterisation for these two notions and we show that adaptability checking i.e . deciding if a system is weakly or strongly adaptable can be reduced to a CTL model checking problem . We apply the model and the theoretical results to the case study of a motion controller of autonomous transport vehicles . 


Summary: Hierarchical model for multi level adaptive systems. Relational characterisation of strong and weak adaptability. Adaptability checking is reduced to a CTL model checking problem. Application to the case study of ATVs motion control.
In this paper two kinds of bivariate S basis functions tensor product S basis functions and triangular S basis functions are constructed by means of the technique of generating functions and transformation factors . These two kinds of bivariate S basis functions have lots of important properties such as non negativity partition of unity linear independence and so on . The framework of the tensor product S basis functions provides a unified scheme for dealing with several kinds of tensor product basis functions such as the tensor product Bernstein basis functions the tensor product Poisson basis functions and some other new tensor product basis functions . The framework of the triangular S surface basis functions includes the triangular Bernstein basis functions the rational triangular Bernstein basis functions and some other new triangular basis functions . Moreover the corresponding two kinds of S surfaces are constructed by means of these two kinds of bivariate basis functions respectively . These two kinds of S surface patches have the important properties of surface modeling such as affine invariance convex hull property and so on . 


Summary: We construct two kinds of bivariate S bases tensor product S bases and triangular S bases. We show that the frameworks of these two kinds of S bases include the classical Bezier type bases. We construct two kinds of S surface patches by means of the corresponding S bases. We obtain the important properties of these two kinds of bivariate S bases and the corresponding S surface patches.
We introduce and analyze univariate linear and stationary subdivision schemes for refining noisy data by fitting local least squares polynomials . This is the first attempt to design subdivision schemes for noisy data . We present primal schemes with refinement rules based on locally fitting linear polynomials to the data and study their convergence smoothness and basic limit functions . Then we provide several numerical experiments that demonstrate the limit functions generated by these schemes from initial noisy data . The application of an advanced local linear regression method to the same data shows that the methods are comparable . In addition several extensions and variants are discussed and their performance is illustrated by examples . We conclude by applying the schemes to noisy geometric data . 


Summary: We construct univariate subdivision schemes for noisy data. The constructed schemes are based on fitting local least squares polynomials. We study the convergence smoothness and basic limit functions of these schemes. A statistical model is analyzed and validated by several numerical examples. We present applications of the schemes for data sampled from curves and surfaces.
Recent hardware technologies have enabled acquisition of 3D point clouds from real world scenes in real time. A variety of interactive applications with the 3D world can be developed on top of this new technological scenario. However a main problem that still remains is that most processing techniques for such 3D point clouds are computationally intensive requiring optimized approaches to handle such images especially when real time performance is required. As a possible solution we propose the use of a 3D moving fovea based on a multiresolution technique that processes parts of the acquired scene using multiple levels of resolution. Such approach can be used to identify objects in point clouds with efficient timing. Experiments show that the use of the moving fovea shows a seven fold performance gain in processing time while keeping 91.6 of true recognition rate in comparison with state of the art 3D object recognition methods. 


Summary: Object recognition foveation speedup 7x compared to the non foveated approach. True recognitions rates are kept high with false recognitions at 8.3 . Faster setups with 91.6 recognition rate and 14x improvement were also achieved. The slowest configuration still shows almost 3x faster computing times
This study proposes a capable scalable and reliable edge to edge model for filtering malicious traffic through real time monitoring of the impact of user behavior on quality of service regulations . The model investigates user traffic including that injected through distributed gateways and that destined to gateways that are experiencing actual attacks . Misbehaving traffic filtration is triggered only when the network is congested at which point burst gateways generate an explicit congestion notification to misbehaving users . To investigate the behavior of misbehaving user traffic packet delay variation ratios are actively estimated and packet transfer rates are passively measured at a unit time . Users who exceed the PDV bit rates specified in their service level agreements are filtered as suspicious users . In addition suspicious users who exceed the SLA bandwidth bit rates are filtered as network intruders . Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model efficiently filters network traffic and precisely detects malicious traffic . 


Summary: Simulation scenarios are conducted to monitor user violations on QoS regulations. Possible violations are investigated to differentiate malicious traffic from normal traffic. ECN sensors are deployed at network edges to monitor misbehaving traffic. PDV and PTR ratios are compared with SLA guarantees to filter malicious traffic. Research findings show improvements on accuracy scalability and reliability.
To satisfy the demand for higher data rate while maintaining the quality of service a dense long term evolution cells environment is required . This imposes a big challenge to the network when it comes to performing handover . Cell selection has an important influence on network performance to achieve seamless handover . Although a successful handover is accomplished it might be to a wrong cell when the selected cell is not an optimal one in terms of signal quality and bandwidth . This may cause significant interference with other cells handover failure or handover ping pong consequently degrading the cell throughput . To address this issue we propose a multiple criteria decision making method . In this method we use an integrated fuzzy technique for order preference by using similarity to ideal solution on S criterion availability of resource blocks and uplink signal to interference plus noise ratio . The conventional cell selection in LTE is based on S criterion which is inadequate since it only relies on downlink signal quality . A novel method called fuzzy multiple criteria cell selection is proposed in this paper . FMCCS considers RBs utilization and user equipment uplink condition in addition to S criterion . System analysis demonstrates that FMCCS managed to reduce handover ping pong and handover failure significantly . This improvement stems from the highly reliable cell selection technique that leads to increased throughput of the cell with a successful handover . The simulation results show that FMCCS outperforms the conventional and cell selection scheme methods . 


Summary: Optimal cell selection scheme that allows a roaming UE to reconnect to the most suitable cell while maintaining its quality of service QoS requirements. Very low ping pong handover ratio and handover failure ratio. Higher cell throughput gain. Considering uplink and downlink conditions make a reliable radio link connection. A comprehensive investigation of proposed scheme at varying UE speeds is demonstrating its robustness.
There exists no generally accepted theory in software engineering and at the same time a scientific discipline needs theories. Some laws hypotheses and conjectures exist but yet no generally accepted theory. Several researchers and initiatives emphasize the need for theory in the discipline. The objective of this paper is to formulate a theory of software engineering. The theory is generated from empirical observations of industry practice including several case studies and many years of experience in working closely between academia and industry. The theory captures the balancing of three different intellectual capitals human social and organizational capitals respectively. The theory is formulated using a method for building theories in software engineering. It results in a theory where the relationships between the three different intellectual capitals are explored and explained. The theory is illustrated based on an industrial case study where it is shown how decisions made in industry practice are explainable with the formulated theory and the consequences of the decisions are made explicit. Based on the positive results it is concluded that the theory may have a good explanatory power although more evaluations are needed. 


Summary: Software engineering is knowledge intensive and intellectual capital is crucial. Intellectual capital may be divided into human social and organizational capitals. A theory of software engineering is formulated based on these three capitals. The theory is based on industrial observations and illustrated in a case study. The theory may be used by both researchers and practitioners.
Thin amorphous silicon films were crystallized into polycrystalline silicon by combining solid phase crystallization and subsequent excimer laser annealing . Then thin film transistors were fabricated by using the poly Si formed in the single and double excimer laser scanned area . The device performance of the TFTs fabricated with the excimer laser energy density of 230mJ cm2 is almost equal for the single and double scanned area . This observation indicates that the overlapping laser irradiation with the laser energy density below 230mJ cm2 does not change the characteristics of TFTs . Based on this result we discuss the correlation between performance of active matrix organic light emitting display panels and excimer laser energy density during ELA for SPC treated and non treated poly Si films . 


Summary: Poly Si TFTs were fabricated by SPC ELA process. Correlation between the performance of AMOLED and ELA condition was studied. We found the optimized ELA condition for SPC treated a Si for AMOLED.
In this work we propose a structured computational framework for modelling the envelope of the swept volume that is the boundary of the volume obtained by sweeping an input solid along a trajectory of rigid motions . Our framework is adapted to the well established industry standard brep format to enable its implementation in modern CAD systems . This is achieved via a local analysis which covers parametrizations and singularities as well as a global theory which tackles face boundaries self intersections and trim curves . Central to the local analysis is the funnel which serves as a natural parameter space for the basic surfaces constituting the sweep . The trimming problem is reduced to the problem of surface surface intersections of these basic surfaces . Based on the complexity of these intersections we introduce a novel classification of sweeps as decomposable and non decomposable . Further we construct an invariant function on the funnel which efficiently separates decomposable and non decomposable sweeps . Through a geometric theorem we also show intimate connections between local curvatures and the inverse trajectory used in earlier works as an approach towards trimming . In contrast to the inverse trajectory approach of testing points is a computationally robust global function . It is the key to a complete structural understanding and an efficient computation of both the singular locus and the trim curves which are central to a stable implementation . Several illustrative outputs of a pilot implementation are included . 


Summary: A complete computational framework for solid sweep is proposed. A novel classification of sweeps into simple decomposable nondecomposable is given. A geometric invariant locates all the trim curves for nondecomposable sweeps. The funnel serves as the parametrization space for the envelope.
In this paper we introduce a moving target defense mechanism that defends authenticated clients against Internet service DDoS attacks . Our mechanism employs a group of dynamic hidden proxies to relay traffic between authenticated clients and servers . By continuously replacing attacked proxies with backup proxies and reassigning the attacked clients onto the new proxies innocent clients are segregated from malicious insiders through a series of shuffles . To accelerate the process of insider segregation we designed an efficient greedy algorithm which is proven to have near optimal empirical performance . In addition the insider quarantine capability of this greedy algorithm is studied and quantified to enable defenders to estimate the resource required to defend against DDoS attacks and meet defined QoS levels under various attack scenarios . Simulations were then performed which confirmed the theoretical results and showed that our mechanism is effective in mitigating the effects of a DDoS attack . The simulations also demonstrated that the overhead introduced by the shuffling procedure is low . 


Summary: We design a moving target mechanism to defend against Internet service DDoS attacks. We propose a shuffling model to segregate innocent clients from malicious insiders. A greedy algorithm is designed to accelerate the segregation of insiders. Greedy algorithm enables defenders to plan defense resource to meet QoS goals.
Video transcoding is a legitimate operation widely used to modify video format in order to access the video content in the end user s devices which may have some limitations in the spatial and temporal resolutions bit rate and video coding standards . In many previous watermarking algorithms the embedded watermark is not able to survive video transcoding because this operation is a combination of some aggressive attacks especially when lower bit rate coding is required in the target device . As a consequence of the transcoding operation the embedded watermark may be lost . This paper proposes a robust video watermarking scheme against video transcoding performed on base band domain . In order to obtain the watermark robustness against video transcoding four criteria based on Human Visual System are employed to embed a sufficiently robust watermark while preserving its imperceptibility . The quantization index modulation algorithm is used to embed and detect the watermark in 2D Discrete Cosine Transform domain . The watermark imperceptibility is evaluated by conventional peak signal to noise ratio and structural similarity index obtaining sufficiently good visual quality . Computer simulation results show the watermark robustness against video transcoding as well as common signal processing operations and intentional attacks for video sequences . 


Summary: Four criteria based on HVS and DCT domain are used to embed a robust watermark. We apply a quantization index modulation scheme to embed and detect the watermark. Watermark scheme is robust to transcoding video codec and low bit rate conversions. Watermark scheme is robust to signal processing and video frame based attacks. Better performance than four recently reported video watermarking schemes.
Three kinds of lanthanide phosphors have been successfully synthesized based on three different ways such as molten salts co precipitation supersonic and microwave irradiations . The as prepared powder materials all exhibited red luminescence . Their crystal structures or morphologies were studied by means of X ray powder diffraction and scanning electronic microscope . Eu3 doped LaF3 CaF2 phosphor can be emissive under excitation at longer wavelengths excitations . Supersonic and microwave irradiations have shortened the reaction time of LaF3 Eu3 crystals in 40min under very low temperature . 


Summary: LnF3 has been synthesized through three different ways. They all can exhibit red emissions. Eu3 doped LaF3 CaF2 phosphor can be emissive under longer wavelengths.
We consider a novel variational model for image reconstruction based on second order partial differential equations in this paper. This inpainting approach is inspired by the anisotropic diffusion based denoising solutions. A stable variational scheme is proposed first. Then a nonlinear differential model is derived from it by determining the corresponding Euler Lagrange equation and applying the steepest descent method. A rigorous mathematical treatment of this anisotropic diffusion scheme is provided next. This nonlinear second order diffusion model is then numerically approximated a consistent and explicit finite difference based discretization scheme being developed. Some successful image inpainting experiments and method comparison are also provided in this article. 


Summary: A novel variational scheme for image inpainting is proposed in this paper first. A nonlinear anisotropic diffusion model is obtained from this PDE variational scheme. A mathematical treatment of the obtained second order PDE based model is provided. An explicit finite difference based numerical approximation scheme is constructed for it. Successful image reconstruction experiments and method comparison are also described.