varunr14/newsummary huggingface dataset:
The present study investigates the effects of relative positions of stereoscopic objects vs. Near vs . Both and seat location on viewers psychological responses . People who watched a movie with Both conditions reported more arousal and satisfaction compared to people who watched a movie with either the Far or Near condition . More importantly interaction effects were reported such as more dizziness with the Near condition if sitting on the left or right side in the cinema and with the Far condition if sitting in the middle of the cinema . Additionally people who wore glasses felt more eye fatigue than those who did not . Secondly people felt less presence sensation of depth and arousal if they had prior experience viewing stereoscopic movies . The results indicate that viewing experience with different PSOs and or seat locations can influence psychological response . 


Summary: We examined the effects of positions of stereoscopic objects and seat location on the viewers. People feel more dizziness in Near to viewers condition with sitting on the sides. People feel more dizziness in Far from viewers condition with sitting on the middle. People feel more arousal and satisfaction in Both condition. Wearing stereoscopic glasses or having prior experiences effects on the viewer.
In this work we present a parameter dependent Refine and Smooth subdivision algorithm where the refine stage R consists in the application of a perturbation of Chaikin s Doo Sabin s vertex split while each smoothing stage S performs averages of adjacent vertices like in the Lane Riesenfeld algorithm . This constructive approach provides a unifying framework for univariate bivariate primal and dual subdivision schemes with tension parameter and allows us to show that several existing subdivision algorithms proposed in the literature via isolated constructions can be obtained as specific instances of the proposed strategy . Moreover this novel approach provides an intuitive theoretical tool for the derivation of new non tensor product subdivision schemes that in the regular regions satisfy the property of reproducing bivariate cubic polynomials thus resulting the natural extension of the univariate family presented in Hormann and Sabin . 


Summary: A parameter dependent Refine and Smooth subdivision algorithm. A unifying framework for primal dual univariate and bivariate subdivision schemes with tension parameter. A generalization to quadrilateral meshes of the univariate family of subdivision schemes with cubic precision. A non tensor product extension of the interpolatory 4 point and the dual approximating 4 point subdivision schemes.
The TiO2 coated silicate micro spheres core shell particles were synthesized using the sol gel reaction followed by calcination . The SMS @ TiO2 particles were used to enhance the light diffusion property of polycarbonate composites . Our experimental analysis shows that the TiO2 was coated on the SMS particles and the optimum parameters of the reaction were 4 1 of the Si Ti molar ratio and 500 C of the calcination temperature . The UV Vis spectra indicate that SMS @ TiO2 can absorb or hinder the UV light which may prolong the service life of PC light diffusion materials . Compared to that of PC composites physically mixed with SMS TiO2 the haze of the PC SMS @ TiO2 composites was little affected while the transmittance was obviously enhanced which can be increased from 55.5 for PC TiO2 SMS to 70.3 for PC SMS @ TiO2 with only 0.6wt filler loading . 


Summary: The SMS@TiO2 particles were used to enhance the light diffusion property of polycarbonate PC composites. The SMS@TiO2 can absorb or hinder the UV light which may prolong the service life of PC light diffusion materials. The resulting light diffusing agent was well dispersed in PC. The resulting light diffusing agent achieved the balance of transmittance and haze for light diffusion applications.
In this paper we propose a musical noise free blind speech extraction method using a microphone array for application to nonstationary noise . In our previous study it was found that optimized iterative spectral subtraction results in speech enhancement with almost no musical noise generation but this method is valid only for stationary noise . The proposed method consists of iterative blind dynamic noise estimation by e.g . independent component analysis or multichannel Wiener filtering and musical noise free speech extraction by modified iterative SS where multiple iterative SS is applied to each channel while maintaining the multichannel property reused for the dynamic noise estimators . Also in relation to the proposed method we discuss the justification of applying ICA to signals nonlinearly distorted by SS . From objective and subjective evaluations simulating a real world hands free speech communication system we reveal that the proposed method outperforms the conventional methods . 


Summary: We propose a musical noise free speech extraction method using a microphone array. We theoretically clarify the degradation of the noise estimation accuracy. We introduce a channel selection strategy to improve the noise estimation accuracy. From experiments the proposed method outperforms the conventional methods
Spectral induced polarisation measurements capture the low frequency electrical properties of soils and rocks and provide a non invasive means to access lithological hydrogeological and geochemical properties of the subsurface . The Debye decomposition approach is now increasingly being used to analyse SIP signatures in terms of relaxation time distributions due to its flexibility regarding the shape of the spectra . Imaging and time lapse SIP measurements capturing SIP variations in space and time respectively are now more and more conducted and lead to a drastic increase in the number of spectra considered which prompts the need for robust and reliable DD tools to extract quantitative parameters from such data . We here present an implementation of the DD method for the analysis of a series of SIP data sets which are expected to only smoothly change in terms of spectral behaviour such as encountered in many time lapse applications where measurement geometry does not change . The routine is based on a non linear least squares inversion scheme with smoothness constraints on the spectral variation and in addition from one spectrum of the series to the next to deal with the inherent ill posedness and non uniqueness of the problem . By means of synthetic examples with typical SIP characteristics we elucidate the influence of the number and range of considered relaxation times on the inversion results . The source code of the presented routines is provided under an open source licence as a basis for further applications and developments . 


Summary: Time lapse SIP data are analysed using a Debye decomposition scheme. Smoothness constraints are imposed on spectral and temporal variations. The chosen range of relaxation times must correspond to the frequency range of the data.
A generic planar quadrilateral defines a 2 1 bilinear map . We show that by assigning an appropriate weight to one vertex of any planar quadrilateral we can create a map whose inverse is rational linear . 


Summary: We show how to make a quad map be birational by assigning one control point weight. The weight is computed using a simple closed form equation. For convex quads the weight is positive and the pre image is the domain. Any planar quad mesh can be made piecewise birational by using this method.
We present a method for approximating a point sequence of input points by a continuous smooth arc spline with the minimum number of segments while not exceeding a user specified tolerance. Arc splines are curves composed of circular arcs and line segments shortly segments . For controlling the tolerance we follow a geometric approach We consider a simple closed polygon P and two disjoint edges designated as the start s and the destination d. Then we compute a SMAP smooth minimum arc path i.e. a smooth arc spline running from s to d in P with the minimally possible number of segments. In this paper we focus on the mathematical characterization of possible solutions that enables a constructive approach leading to an efficient algorithm. In contrast to the existing approaches we do not restrict the breakpoints of the arc spline to a predefined set of points but choose them automatically. This has a considerably positive effect on the resulting number of segments. 


Summary: A method for approximating point sequences by arc splines is presented. The breakpoints of the arc spline are not restricted to any pre defined set of points. For any user defined accuracy the minimal number of segments is guaranteed. The resulting compact curve representation enables an efficient further processing. Among others it is hence suited for the generation of highly accurate digital maps.
The EverVIEW Data Viewer is a cross platform desktop application that combines and builds upon multiple open source libraries to help users to explore spatially explicit gridded data stored in Network Common Data Form NetCDF . Datasets are displayed across multiple side by side geographic or tabular displays showing colorized overlays on an Earth globe or grid cell values respectively. Time series datasets can be animated to see how water surface elevation changes through time or how habitat suitability for a particular species might change over time under a given scenario. Initially targeted toward Florida s Everglades restoration planning EverVIEW has been flexible enough to address the varied needs of large scale planning beyond Florida and is currently being used in biological planning efforts nationally and internationally. 


Summary: Standards compliant viewer for NetCDF and WMS. Explore and animate time series data as tabular grids or colorized Earth overlays. Intuitive spatially driven user interface for comparing datasets. Model View Presenter software design pattern offers flexibility and extensibility. Custom tools leverage the platform for large scale ecological planning.
Visual secret sharing schemes based on visual cryptography or random grids have been proposed in the past decade with the advantages of easy implementation efficiency secret recovering and perfect security . As the concept of multiple secret images has gained more and more attention in academia the novel concept of VC based VSS with cyclic access structure has been discussed recently which is a special case of multiple VSS allowing participants to reconstruct the secret with the one next or last to him her in a cyclic order . To obtain the benefit of RG based VSS compared with VC based VSS this paper proposes the new VSS scheme with cyclic access structure for multiple secret images by random grids . The experimental results and theoretical security analysis demonstrate the feasibility . 


Summary: A VSS scheme with cyclic access structure for multiple images by random grids. The drawbacks from VC based while inheriting all its advantages are removed. The first advantage is loosening limitation of secret number. The second advantage is removing pixel expansion while visual quality is guaranteed.
A novel MEMS display device comprising a light separator and MEMS light shutters is introduced . This device is operable both in transmissive mode using internal light source and in reflective mode using external sun light . In transmissive mode the light separator directs internal backlight illuminated on its incident surface into a plural of small openings on the viewing surface . The MEMS light shutters are used to control the color and intensity of light at individual pixels . Internal light utilization efficiency of this display is the greatest compared to any other transmissive displays . The device is capable of having true black background hence a very high contrast ratio . In reflective mode MEMS shutters direct part of the sun light for image display . MEMS shutters have fast response time making the new device suitable for vivid motion picture display and operable at very low voltages suitable for mobile device applications . 


Summary: A new type of MEMS display that is operable at very low voltage is introduced. Its internal back light is directed to exit grooves and controlled by MEMS shutters. A large surface area for building MEMS devices and for electrostatic interaction. True black background high contrast ratio and high light utilization efficiency. It is also operable in reflective mode using external light e.g. bright sunlight.
Two phenylanthracene substituted fluorene derivatives 10 9H fluoren 7 yl phenylanthracene and 2 7 di 9 9 spirobi have been designed synthesized and characterized . A device using compound 1 as an emitting material exhibited luminous efficiency power efficiency external quantum efficiency and CIE coordinates of 3.37cd A 1.50lm W 1.87 at 20mA cm2 and at 7V respectively . Furthermore by exploiting this efficient blue fluorescent material as a blue emitting material with the combination of red phosphorescent bisacetylacetonate 2Ir an efficient white OLED with a external quantum efficiency of 1.70 luminous efficiency of 1.38cd A power efficiency of 0.94lm W at 20mA cm2 and the color coordinates of at 14V is demonstrated . 


Summary: We synthesized blue fluorescent materials based on anthracene fluorene hybrid. These materials have the good potentials for efficient blue OLEDs as the emitters. A white OLED using one of these materials as blue emitter was demonstrated.
The spatial variation of cell size in a functionally graded cellular structure is achieved using error diffusion to convert a continuous tone image into binary form . Effects of two control parameters greyscale value and resolution on the resulting cell size measures were investigated . Variation in cell edge length was greatest for the Voronoi connection scheme particularly at certain parameter combinations . Relationships between these parameters and cell size were identified and applied to an example where the target was to control the minimum and maximum cell size . In both cases there was an 8 underestimation of cell area for target regions . 


Summary: A novel approach to generate functionally graded cellular structures was evaluated. The relationships between the method parameters and cell size were investigated. Variation in cell edge length was greatest for the Voronoi connection scheme. There was approximately an 8 underestimation of cell area for both target regions. Practical implementation implications were discussed for tackling 3D problems.
In this paper we investigated the accuracy of center to center distance perception in near field augmented reality visual targets viewed by stereoscopic glasses . One real and one virtual targets were presented in four layout or target orientations at three different parallax conditions and four levels of scaled between targets distance . The result revealed overall underestimation with an accuracy of about 84 . Interestingly it was noticed that the main effects of layout parallax and center to center distance were significant . Generally accuracy improves when targets put vertical close to observers position and smaller separation of targets . Significant interactions among the three main factors were also reported . The results are of great importance as it provides guide for the developers to decide where to present targets depending on the need for relative accuracy of judgment . Some engineering implications of the result are also discussed in this paper . 


Summary: Accuracy of exocentric distance estimation in augmented reality were studied. Layout parallax and center to center distance influence the accuracy of estimation. Observers generally underestimated center to center distance. Accuracy improved as real and virtual targets presented vertical and closer to observer. Underestimation raised a question whether real environment was dominated by virtual.
In Winkel a generalization of Bernstein polynomials and B zier curves based on umbral calculus has been introduced . In the present paper we describe new geometric and algorithmic properties of this generalization including families of polynomials introduced by Stancu and Goldman i.e . families that include both Bernstein and Lagrange polynomial are generalized in a new way a generalized de Casteljau algorithm is discussed an efficient evaluation of generalized B zier curves through a linear transformation of the control polygon is described a simple criterion for endpoint tangentiality is established . 


Summary: Generalization of both Bernstein and Lagrange polynomials. Generalization of the Stancu and Goldman polynomials. Generalization of the de Casteljau algorithm in a new way. Efficient evaluation through a linear transformation of the control polygon. New results are illustrated with many pictures.
Toric surface patches are a multi sided generalization of classical rational B zier surface patches which are widely used in free form surface modeling . In this paper we present the first derivatives of toric surface patches along the boundary and study the continuity between adjacent toric surface patches by the toric degenerations . Furthermore some practical sufficient conditions of toric surface patches are developed and the representative examples are given . 


Summary: We present the first derivatives of toric surface patches along the boundary. The conditions for G1 continuity between toric surface patches are analyzed. Some practical sufficient conditions for G1 continuity are developed.
Reliability of MEMS devices is a crucial aspect as it can discriminate the successful from partially or totally missed reaching of Microsystem technology based market products . However the topic of MEMS reliability is significantly articulated as it comprises numerous physics of failure and diverse failure mechanisms . Thereafter it requires a pronounced sensitivity related to the actual operation conditions of the Microsystem device within the final application . In other words reliability of MEMS is nowadays regarded as a standalone transversal discipline that must be seriously taken into account already from the early design phase . The purpose of this paper is to provide the reader at first with basic knowledge around the concept of reliability . Thereafter the most relevant physics of failure and failure mechanisms typical of MEMS are grouped and briefly discussed with specific attention to their employment in the field of displays . A synthetic review of valuable solutions to improve specific reliability aspects of MEMS devices for diverse applications is then proposed to the reader . Eventually a brief discussion focused on best practices to address properly reliability during the whole development chain of innovative MEMS based products completes the contribution . It is a belief of the author that the particular blend of topics and aspects reported in the following pages as well as the attitude of considering reliability as a transversal discipline of science contribute to provide this contribution with an important benefit if compared to the reviews on reliability of MEMS previously published in literature . 


Summary: Formal definition of reliability of MEMS. Identification of the main failure mechanisms and of physics of failure. Review of a few solutions published in literature to improve reliability of various MEMS devices. Brief discussion of best practices to be followed in the design of high reliability MEMS.
In typical mobile sensing architectures sensing data are collected from users and stored in centralized servers at third parties making it difficult to effectively protect users privacy . A better way to protect privacy is to upload sensing data on personal data stores which are owned and controlled by the users enabling them to supervise and limit personal data disclosure and exercise access control to their data . The problem however remains how data requesters can discover the users who can offer them the data they need . In this paper we suggest a mobile sensing platform that enables data requesters to discover data producers within a specific geographic region and acquire their data . Our platform protects the anonymity of both requesters and producers while at the same time it enables the incorporation of trust frameworks incentive mechanisms and privacy respecting reputation schemes . We also present extensive experimental results that demonstrate the efficiency of our approach in terms of scalability load balancing and performance . 


Summary: We consider privacy for both data consumers and data producers in mobile sensing. We present an integrated platform that considers social aspects of mobile sensing. Data providers can define their own privacy preferences and control how much they share. The platform provider is also considered by ensuring only registered users can request data. We present a distributed solution that requires no trusted third parties.
Location based social networks have recently attracted a lot of attention due to the number of novel services they can offer . Prior work on analysis of LBSNs has mainly focused on the social part of these systems . Even though it is important to know how different the structure of the social graph of an LBSN is as compared to the friendship based social networks it raises the interesting question of what kinds of linkages exist between locations and friendships . The main problem we are investigating is to identify such connections between the social and the spatial planes of an LBSN . In particular in this paper we focus on answering the following general question What are the bonds between the social and spatial information in an LBSN and what are the metrics that can reveal them In order to tackle this problem we employ the idea of affiliation networks . Analyzing a dataset from a specific LBSN we make two main interesting observations the social network exhibits signs of homophily with regards to the places venues visited by the users and the nature of the visited venues that are common to users is powerful and informative in revealing the social spatial linkages . We further show that the entropy of a venue can be used to better connect spatial information with the existing social relations . The entropy records the diversity of a venue and requires only location history of users . Finally we provide a simple application of our findings for predicting existing friendship relations based on users historic spatial information . We show that even with simple unsupervised or supervised learning models we can achieve significant improvement in prediction when we consider features that capture the nature of the venue as compared to the case where only apparent properties of the location history are used . 


Summary: We model a location based social network as an affiliation network where the affiliations are the locations visited by the users. We identify clear signs of location based homophily. The type of common locations between users encodes more information about the social connections as compared to the number of common locations visited. Using only location information for users we provide a system that can recover the social ties between them.
A main requirement for achieving high efficiency in organic light emitting diodes is that all charges and electrically generated excitons should be employed for emission . We fabricated blue phosphorescent OLEDs with four types electron transporting layers which were doped with lithium quinolate from 0 to 10 . A series of blue devices consisted of indium tin oxide 4 4 bis N phenyl amino biphenyl N N dicarbazolyl 3 5 benzene iridiumbis pyridinato N C2 picolinate doped in mCP 1 3 5 trisbenzene TPBi mixed with Liq Liq aluminum . The blue OLED doped with 5 Liq which demonstrated a maximum luminous efficiency and external quantum efficiency of 17.64cd A and 8.78 respectively were found to be superior to the other blue devices . 


Summary: We study on the effect of the Liq in device performances. We use Liq with one of organometallic compound materials. We fabricated an optimal device with double electron transport layer as the Liq concentration increased. We demonstrated efficient carriers balance in blue PHOLEDs.