varunr14/newsummary huggingface dataset:
Multiple watermarking is used to share the copyright of multiple users increase robustness and high security . The proposed method is comparison of multiple watermarking techniques based on Discrete Wavelet Transform and Singular Value Decomposition using Genetic algorithm . This research elaborates the three main categories of multiple watermarking techniques such as successive segmented and composite watermarking . The experimental results show that the DWT based watermarking algorithms possess multi resolution description characteristics achieving imperceptibility . The SVD based watermarking algorithms add the watermark information to the singular values of the diagonal matrix achieving robustness requirements . The optimization is to maximize the performance of peak signal to noise ratio and normalized correlation in multiple watermarking techniques using genetic algorithms . 


Summary: The DWT SVD based algorithm achieves imperceptibility and robustness. The multiple watermarking techniques achieve high security of medical images more robustness and to preserve the privacy. The transparency and robustness are considered as an optimization problem and solved by applying Genetic algorithms.
There are two versions in the literature of counting co author pairs . Whereas the first version leads to a two dimensional power function distribution the other version shows three dimensional graphs totally rotatable around and their shapes are visible in space from all possible points of view . As a result these new 3 D computer graphs called Social Gestalts deliver more comprehensive information about social network structures than simple 2 D power function distributions . The mathematical model of Social Gestalts and the corresponding methods for the 3 D visualization and animation of collaboration networks are presented in Part I of this paper . Fundamental findings in psychology sociology and physics are used as a basis for the development of this model . The application of these new methods to male and to female networks is shown in Part II . After regression analysis the visualized Social Gestalts are rather identical with the corresponding empirical distributions . The structures of female co authorship networks differ markedly from the structures of the male co authorship networks . For female co author pairs networks accentuation of productivity dissimilarities of the pairs is becoming visible but on the contrary for male co author pairs networks accentuation of productivity similarities of the pairs is expressed . 


Summary: A mathematical model for 3 D computer graphs is presented. Structures of preference who is collaborating with whom are shown in 3 D version. The methods are applied on male and female networks.
3D modeling in rock art studies involves different techniques according to the size and morphology of the subject. It has mainly been used for reconstructing the volume of caves morphology of walls and as a substitute to graphic and photographic recording of the prehistoric pictures. Little work has been done at macroscopic and microscopic scale partly because lasergrammetry which is the most common technique is poorly adequate under the centimetric scale while for patrimonial purposes recording at high resolution was of little interest. Thanks to the increasing performance of personal computers new modeling techniques are becoming available based on photographic recording and no longer depending on costly and cumbersome equipments. We have tested in open air and underground sites in France Portugal and Russia the potential of photogrammetry and focus stacking for 3D recording of millimetric and submillimetric details of prehistoric petroglyphs and paintings along with original simple optical solutions. 


Summary: Photogrammetry is suitable for 3D modeling at macroscopic scale. Most relevant criteria for the traceology of petroglyphs are in the scope of photogrammetry. Focus stacking enlarges the depth of field of photomicrography and gives data for relief elevation. Consumers devices and software provide effective solutions for macro and microscopic recording.
Recent psychoacoustic studies found that across band envelope correlation carried important information for speech intelligibility . This motivated the present work to propose an ABEC based intelligibility measure that could be used to non intrusively predict speech intelligibility in noise using only temporal envelope waveforms extracted from the noise corrupted speech . The proposed ABEC based metric was computed by averaging the correlation coefficients of mean removed envelope waveforms from adjacent frequency bands of the noise corrupted speech . The ABECm measures were evaluated with intelligibility scores obtained from normal hearing listeners presented with sentences corrupted by four types of maskers in a total of 22 conditions . High correlation was obtained between ABECm values and listeners sentence recognition scores and this correlation was comparable to those computed with existing intrusive and non intrusive intelligibility measures . This suggests that across band envelope correlation may work as a simple but efficient predictor of speech intelligibility in noise whose computation does not need access to the clean reference signal . 


Summary: ABECm may efficiently and non intrusively predict speech intelligibility in noise. High correlation was obtained between ABECm values and intelligibility scores. The computation of ABECm does not need access to the clean reference signal.
A designer is mainly supported by two essential factors in design decisions. These two factors are intelligence and experience aiding the designer by predicting the interconnection between the required design parameters. Through classification of product data and similarity recognition between new and existing designs it is partially possible to replace the required experience for an inexperienced designer. Given this context the current paper addresses a framework for recognition and flexible retrieval of similar models in product design. The idea is to establish an infrastructure for transferring design as well as the required PLM Product Lifecycle Management know how to the design phase of product development in order to reduce the design time. Furthermore such a method can be applied as a brainstorming method for a new and creative product development as well. The proposed framework has been tested and benchmarked while showing promising results. 


Summary: Developing a knowledge based framework to assist the designer in design decisions. Opitz feature recognition and code generation from STEP for data standardization. An efficient similarity recognition algorithm to retrieve models from database.
To injection mould polymers designing mould is a key task involving several critical decisions with direct implications to yield quality productivity and frugality . One prominent decision among them is specifying sprue bush conduit expansion as it significantly influences overall injection moulding abstruseness anguish in its design criteria deceives direct determination . Intuitively designers decide it wisely and then exasperate by optimising or manipulating processing parameters . To overwhelm that anomaly this research aims at proposing an ideal design criteria holistically for all polymeric materials also tend as a functional assessment metric towards perfection i.e . criteria to specify sprue conduit size before mould development . Accordingly a priori analytical criterion was deduced quantitatively as expansion ratio from ubiquitous empirical relationships specifically a.k.a an exclusive expansion angle imperatively configured for injectant properties . Its computational intelligence advantage was leveraged to augment functionality of perfectly injecting into an impression gap while synchronising both injector capacity and desired moulding features . For comprehensiveness it was continuously sensitised over infinite scale as an explicit factor dependent on in situ spatio temporal injectant state perplexity with discrete slope and altitude for each polymeric character . In which congregant ranges of apparent viscosity and shear thinning index were conceived to characteristically assort most thermoplastics . Thereon results accorded aggressive conduit expansion widening for viscous incrust while a very aggressive narrowing for shear thinning encrust among them apparent viscosity had relative dominance . This important rationale would certainly form a priori design basis as well diagnose filling issues causing several defects . Like this the proposed generic design criteria being simple would immensely benefit mould designers besides serve as an inexpensive preventive clich to moulders . Its adaption ease to practice manifests a hope of injection moulding extremely alluring polymers . Therefore we concluded that appreciating injectant s polymeric character to design exclusive sprue bush offers a definite a priori advantage . 


Summary: Features a specific quantitative a priori analytical criterion as expansion ratio.. Injector capacity and desired moulding features are synchronised to augment functionality. In situ spatio temporal injectant state perplexity described as explicit function. Comprehensive sensitisation showed discrete slope and altitude for each polymeric character. All thermoplastic characteristics were assorted across congruent range of apparent viscosity and shear thinning index. Congruent ranges of apprent viscosity and shear thinning index were conceived to characteristically assort most thermoplastics.
We study the benefits and limits of parallelised Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling in cosmology . MCMC methods are widely used for the estimation of cosmological parameters from a given set of observations and are typically based on the Metropolis Hastings algorithm . Some of the required calculations can however be computationally intensive meaning that a single long chain can take several hours or days to calculate . In practice this can be limiting since the MCMC process needs to be performed many times to test the impact of possible systematics and to understand the robustness of the measurements being made . To achieve greater speed through parallelisation MCMC algorithms need to have short autocorrelation times and minimal overheads caused by tuning and burn in . The resulting scalability is hence influenced by two factors the MCMC overheads and the parallelisation costs . In order to efficiently distribute the MCMC sampling over thousands of cores on modern cloud computing infrastructure we developed a Python framework called CosmoHammer which embeds emcee an implementation by Foreman Mackey et al . of the affine invariant ensemble sampler by Goodman and Weare . We test the performance of CosmoHammer for cosmological parameter estimation from cosmic microwave background data . While Metropolis Hastings is dominated by overheads CosmoHammer is able to accelerate the sampling process from a wall time of 30 h on a dual core notebook to 16 min by scaling out to 2048 cores . Such short wall times for complex datasets open possibilities for extensive model testing and control of systematics . 


Summary: We analyse MCMC methods for cosmology regarding parallelisability and efficiency. We present the Python framework CosmoHammer for parallelised MCMC sampling. It enables us to estimate cosmological parameters on high performance clusters. To test the efficiency of CosmoHammer we use an elastic cloud computing environment.
Internet interventions constitute a promising and cost effective treatment alternative for a wide range of psychiatric disorders and somatic conditions . Several clinical trials have provided evidence for its efficacy and effectiveness and recent research also indicate that it can be helpful in the treatment of conditions that are debilitating but do not necessarily warrant more immediate care for instance procrastination a self regulatory failure that is associated with decreased well being and mental health . However providing treatment interventions for procrastination via the Internet is a novel approach making it unclear how the participants themselves perceive their experiences . The current study thus investigated participants own apprehension of undergoing Internet based cognitive behavior therapy for procrastination by distributing open ended questions at the post treatment assessment for instance What did you think about the readability of the texts How valuable do you believe that this treatment has been for you and The thing that I am most displeased with is . In total 75 participants responded and the material was examined using thematic analysis . The results indicate that there exist both positive and negative aspects of the treatment program . Many participants increased their self efficacy and were able to gain momentum on many tasks and assignments that had been deferred in their everyday life . Meanwhile several participants lacked motivation to complete the exercises had too many conflicting commitments and were unable to keep up with the tight treatment schedule . Hence the results suggest that Internet interventions for procrastination could profit from individual tailoring shorter and more manageable modules and that the content need to be adapted to the reading comprehension and motivational level of the participant . 


Summary: Internet based cognitive behavior therapy for procrastination was considered credible by a majority of the participants. Many participants were able to gain momentum and raise their self efficacy as a result of the treatment interventions. Conflicting commitments prevented a number of the participants from completing the treatment program. Feedback might have to be adapted to the individual needs of the participants. Short and manageable modules could be of particular importance in the treatment of procrastination.
Normally all manufacturing and fabrication processes introduce residual stresses in a component. These stresses exist even after all service or external loads have been removed. Residual stresses have been studied elaborately in the past and even in depth research have been done to determine their magnitude and distribution during different manufacturing processes. But very few works have dealt with the study of residual stresses formation during the casting process. Even though these stresses are less in magnitude they still result in crack formation and subsequent failure in later phases of the component usage. In this work the residual stresses developed in a shifter during casting process are first determined by finite element analysis using ANSYS Mechanical APDL Release 12.0 software. Initially the analysis was done on a simple block to determine the optimum element size and boundary conditions. With these values the actual shifter component was analyzed. All these simulations are done in an uncoupled thermal and structural environment. The results showed the areas of maximum residual stress. This was followed by the geometrical optimization of the cast part for minimum residual stresses. The resulting shape gave lesser and more evenly distributed residual stresses. Crack compliance method was used to experimentally determine the residual stresses in the modified cast part. The results obtained from the measurements are verified by finite element analysis findings. 


Summary: This paper focus on analytical numerical and experimental design optimization of shifter. Performed design optimization by finite element analysis and experimental of live industrial problem. The results can applicable as a basis of design and optimization of new type of the automotive parts. The results of the current work present the actual behavior of induced stresses.
In this paper we present an efficient technique for sketch based 3D modeling using automatically extracted image features. Creating a 3D model often requires a drawing of irregular shapes composed of curved lines as a starting point but it is difficult to hand draw such lines without introducing awkward bumps and edges along the lines. We propose an automatic alignment of a user s hand drawn sketch lines to the contour lines of an image facilitating a considerable level of ease with which the user can carelessly continue sketching while the system intelligently snaps the sketch lines to a background image contour no longer requiring the strenuous effort and stress of trying to make a perfect line during the modeling task. This interactive technique seamlessly combines the efficiency and perception of the human user with the accuracy of computational power applied to the domain of 3D modeling where the utmost precision of on screen drawing has been one of the hurdles of the task hitherto considered a job requiring a highly skilled and careful manipulation by the user. We provide several examples to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the method with which complex shapes were achieved easily and quickly in the interactive outline drawing task. 


Summary: We present an efficient technique for sketch based 3D modeling using automatically extracted image features. An automatic and real time method is proposed to align a user s hand drawn sketch line to the contour lines of an image facilitating a considerable level of ease for 3D modeling. We use a geometric method to align a sketch line to the outlines of an image using the features of the sketch line and contour lines of an image and some operations are proposed to refine the result of alignment. In the sketch based 3D modeling method the sketch line is represented by a editable spline therefore the aligned sketch line can be further adjusted interactively.
A classical result in algebraic specification states that a total function defined on an initial algebra is a homomorphism if and only if the kernel of that function is a congruence . We expand on the discussion of that result from an earlier paper extending it from total to partial functions simplifying the proofs using relational calculus and generalising the setting to regular categories . 


Summary: A total function on an initial algebra is a homomorphism iff its kernel is a congruence. An earlier paper CMCS 2001 elaborates on that classical result. We extend the result from total to partial functions. We simplify the proofs using the relational calculus. We generalise the setting to regular categories.
Sustainable online peer to peer support groups require engaged members . A metric commonly used to identify these members is the number of posts they have made . The 90 9 1 principle has been proposed as a rule of thumb for classifying members using this metric with a recent study demonstrating the applicability of the principal to digital health social networks . Using data from a depression Internet support group the current study sought to replicate this finding and to investigate in more detail the model of best fit for classifying participant contributions . Our findings replicate previous results and also find the fit of a power curve to account for 98.6 of the variance . The Zipf distribution provides a more nuanced image of the data and may have practical application in assessing the coherence of the sample . 


Summary: The 90 9 1 principle provides a model for participation in an Internet support group. Alternately a power curve accounts for 98.6 of variance in frequency of posts. We confirm the application of Zipf s Law for the Internet support group.
Permutation entropy is a well known and fast method extensively used in many physiological signal processing applications to measure the irregularity of time series . Multiscale PE is based on assessing the PE for a number of coarse grained sequences representing temporal scales . However the stability of the conventional MPE may be compromised for short time series . Here we propose an improved MPE to reduce the variability of entropy measures over long temporal scales leading to more reliable and stable results . We gain insight into the dependency of MPE and IMPE on several straightforward signal processing concepts which appear in biomedical activity via a set of synthetic signals . We also apply these techniques to real biomedical signals via publicly available electroencephalogram recordings acquired with eyes open and closed and to ictal and non ictal intracranial EEGs . We conclude that IMPE improves the reliability of the entropy estimations in comparison with the traditional MPE and that it is a promising technique to characterize physiological changes affecting several temporal scales . We provide the source codes of IMPE and the synthetic data in the public domain . 


Summary: Permutation entropy PE is a broadly used algorithm to measure the complexity of signals. Multiscale PE MPE is based on assessing the PE for a number of coarse grained sequences representing temporal scales. To increase the stability and reliability of MPE improved MPE IMPE is proposed. Several signal processing concepts are used to show the ability of IMPE. We also apply MPE and IMPE for real publicly available electroencephalogram EEG signals.
Contemporary rock art researchers have a wide choice of 3D laser scanners available to them for recording stone surfaces and this is complimented by numerous software packages that are able to process point cloud data . Though ESRI s ArcGIS primarily handles geographical data it also offers the ability to visualise XYZ data from a stone surface . In this article the potential of ArcGIS for rock art research is explored by focusing on 3D data obtained from two panels of cup and ring marks found at Loups s Hill County Durham England . A selection of methods commonly utilised in LiDAR studies which enhance the identification of landscape features are also conducted upon the rock panels including DSM normalisation and raster data Principle Component Analysis . Collectively the visualisations produced from these techniques facilitate the identification of the rock art motifs but there are limitations to these enhancements that are also discussed . 


Summary: Problems of traditional rock art recordings were discussed Laser scans of rock art carvings were processed in ArcGIS Detailed DSMs of rock art surfaces were generated from TIN interpolation Rasters with different surface illuminations were summarised with PCA ArcGIS offers the possibility to visualise and enhance rock art carvings