varunr14/newsummary huggingface dataset:
In this paper we address the tasks of audio source counting and separation for a stereo anechoic mixture of audio signals . This will be achieved in two stages . In the first stage a novel approach is introduced for estimating the number of sources as well as the channel mixing coefficients . For this purpose a 2 D spectrum is evaluated against both the phase and amplitude differences of the two channels . Hence obtaining the peak locations of the spectrum yields the number of the sources and the corresponding channel coefficients . In the second stage an extension of a single channel complex matrix factorization method to multichannel is developed to extract the individual source signals . We find primary estimates of the sources via binary masking and then apply the complex factorization to the complex spectrogram of each source . The obtained factors are then utilized as initial values in the complex multichannel factorization model . We also suggest a method for estimating the number of required components for modeling each source . The separation performance improvement over the conventional methods is investigated by calculating BSS evaluation metrics . The comparison is also carried out in terms of source counting and localization with the recently proposed DeMIX Anechoic method . 


Summary: The tasks of audio source counting and separation for a stereo anechoic mixture of audio signals are addressed. A novel approach is introduced for estimating the number of sources as well as the channel mixing coefficients based on evaluating a 2 D spectrum. An extension of a single channel complex matrix factorization method to multichannel is developed to extract the individual source signals. A model order selection method is proposed to infer the optimal number of the components required for modeling each source. The separation performance improvement over the conventional methods is investigated by calculating BSS evaluation metrics.
Ca TiO3 Eu3 M and CaTiO3 Pr3 M powders were prepared by combustion synthesis method and the samples were further heated to 1000 C to improve the crystallinity . The structure and morphology of materials were examined by X ray diffraction and a scanning electron microscopy . The morphologies of SrTiO3 Eu3 CaTiO3 Eu3 or CaTiO3 Pr3 powders co doped with other metal ions were very similar . Small and coagulated particles of nearly cubical shapes with small size distribution having smooth and regular surface were formed . Photo luminescence spectra of CaTiO3 Pr3 and co doped either with Li Na K Ag La3 or Gd3 ions showed red emissions at 613nm due to the 1D2 3H4 transition of Pr3 . The variation of intensity of emission peak with different co doping follows the order K Ag Na Li La3 Gd3 . The characteristic emissions of CaTiO3 Eu3 lattices had strong emission at 614 and 620nm for 5D0 7F2 with other weak transitions observed at 580 592 654 705nm for 5D0 7Fn transitions where n 0 1 3 4 respectively in all host lattices . Photoluminescence intensity in SrTiO3 Eu3 is more than CaTiO3 Eu3 lattices . A remarkable increase of photoluminescence intensity was observed if co doped with Li ions in CaTiO3 Eu3 and SrTiO3 Eu3 . 


Summary: Ca or Sr TiO3 Eu3 N N Li Na or K powders were prepared by combustion method. CaTiO3 Pr3 N N Li Na Ag K Gd or La were synthesized by combustion method. PL intensity of CaTiO3 Pr3 increases when co doping with Li Na Ag K Gd or La. Li co doping results in an increase of PL intensity in Ca or Sr TiO3 Eu3 powders.
This research investigated whether carrying red colored products enhances female sexual attractiveness . In the first experiment male participants were instructed to observe women carrying laptops in different colors . The results indicated that the women who carried red laptops were perceived to possess a significantly higher level of attractiveness and sex appeal than those who carried laptops in other colors however the red laptop did not affect men s perceptions of the assertiveness and health level of the women . In the second experiment the initial experiment was repeated but female participants observed the women laptop color did not influence how the participants perceived the women s attractiveness sex appeal assertiveness and level of health . In other words women carrying products in red only affected how men but not women perceived them thus women using red products are more attractive and sexually appealing to men . 


Summary: Women carried red colored products can enhance their sexual attractiveness. Women carrying products in red only affected how men but not women perceived them. Red colored products did not affect perceived assertiveness and health level of the women.
In Vehicular ad hoc networks one of the challenging tasks is to find an accurate localization information . In this paper we have addressed this problem by introducing a novel approach based on the idea of cooperative localization . Our proposed scheme incorporates different techniques of localization along with data fusion as well as vehicle to vehicle communication to integrate the available data and cooperatively improve the accuracy of the localization information of the vehicles . The simulation results show that sharing the localization information and deploying that of the neighboring vehicles not only assures the vehicles in a vicinity to obtain more accurate localization information but also find the results robust to sensor inaccuracies or even to failures . Moreover further improvement has been achieved by estimating the vehicle prior using unscented transform together with sequential decentralized extended Kalman filtering . 


Summary: The paper deals with challenging localization problem in vehicular ad hoc networks. A novel approach is proposed based on the idea of cooperative localization. Our scheme integrates available data and cooperatively improves location accuracy. Localization is more accurate and robust to sensor inaccuracies or even to failures. The estimation of vehicle prior and sequential decentralized EKF improve further.
We present a robust approach for reconstructing the main architectural structure of complex indoor environments given a set of cluttered 3D input range scans. Our method uses an efficient occlusion aware process to extract planar patches as candidate walls separating them from clutter and coping with missing data and automatically extracts the individual rooms that compose the environment by applying a diffusion process on the space partitioning induced by the candidate walls. This diffusion process which has a natural interpretation in terms of heat propagation makes our method robust to artifacts and other imperfections that occur in typical scanned data of interiors. For each room our algorithm reconstructs an accurate polyhedral model by applying methods from robust statistics. We demonstrate the validity of our approach by evaluating it on both synthetic models and real world 3D scans of indoor environments. 


Summary: We reconstruct an architectural model from a laser scanned indoor environment. Our algorithm can handle complex and highly concave room arrangements. It automatically detects all rooms without knowing the number of rooms in advance. Our pipeline can cope with occlusions and clutter using a robust heat diffusion process. An evaluation on artificial and real world data shows the accuracy of the method.
An image processing software has been developed which allows quantitative analysis of multi and hyperspectral data from oceanic coastal and inland waters. It has been implemented into the Water Colour Simulator WASI which is a tool for the simulation and analysis of optical properties and light field parameters of deep and shallow waters. The new module WASI 2D can import atmospherically corrected images from airborne sensors and satellite instruments in various data formats and units like remote sensing reflectance or radiance. It can be easily adapted by the user to different sensors and to optical properties of the studied area. Data analysis is done by inverse modelling using established analytical models. The bio optical model of the water column accounts for gelbstoff coloured dissolved organic matter CDOM detritus and mixtures of up to 6 phytoplankton classes and 2 spectrally different types of suspended matter. The reflectance of the sea floor is treated as sum of up to 6 substrate types. An analytic model of downwelling irradiance allows wavelength dependent modelling of sun glint and sky glint at the water surface. The provided database covers the spectral range from 350 to 1000 nm in 1 nm intervals. It can be exchanged easily to represent the optical properties of water constituents bottom types and the atmosphere of the studied area. 


Summary: Free image processing software for multi and hyperspectral data. Deep and shallow waters. Wavelength dependent sun and sky glint correction. Easy adaptation to different environments and sensors.
Panoramic videos provide a high resolution wide angle field of view to audience . The rendering of such panoramic videos on large multi projector curved displays further enhances the experience by providing them an immersive visual environment . Immersive panoramic projection thus comprise of three steps acquisition of videos stitching of video frames and their projection using multi projector display system . Both panoramic stitching and multi projector rendering require compute intensive geometric and photometric transformations that have to be applied for each frame of a video during stitching as well as rendering process . In this paper we propose a unified scheme that handles these two separate geometric transformations using a single combined Look up Table . The scheme allows projection of planar and cylindrical panoramas on curved cylindrical displays . Experimental results show that the proposed scheme provides a speedup of up to 73 and 83 for projector resolutions of HD and 4K respectively for a two camera two projector panoramic display system . Furthermore for a 4K projector the proposed scheme requires 2.278ms for the geometric transformation of its content thus enabling real time panoramic video projection . 


Summary: Generation of panoramic videos requires alignment and stitching of frames. High resolution immersive projection requires multi projector alignment and rendering. We present a unified panorama stitching and multi projector rendering scheme. The scheme provides considerable speed up over traditional stitching and rendering schemes.
The aim of multi focus image fusion is to combine several images taken by different sensors and with different focuses to increase the perception of scene. The proposed methods suffer from some undesirable side effects like blurring artifact and or blocking which decreases the quality of the output image. This paper presents an efficient approach for multi focus image fusion based on variance and spatial frequency calculated in the wavelet domain. The proposed method remarkably reduces the amount of distortion artifacts and contrast loss due to the fact that variance and spatial frequency based fusion significantly enhances reliability in feature selection and data fusion procedures. The algorithm ensures to a great extant the access to the data of the images. The experimental results verify the efficiency of the proposed method in the output image quality as well as its lower complexity in comparison with several recently related works. 


Summary: A new method of fusion using sharpness criteria in wavelet domain is used in this paper. The suggested method uses the two criteria of spatial frequency and variance for fusion. A lot of experiments indicate the efficiency of the recommended method both in quality and complexity.
In this article we provide the characterization of analysis suitable T spline spaces as the space of piecewise polynomials with appropriate linear constrains on the subdomain interfaces . We describe AST meshes for which the linear constrains are equivalent to smoothness conditions and provide examples showing that this is not always the case . 


Summary: We study the analysis suitable T spline spaces as a piecewise polynomials space. We characterize the difference between two neighboring polynomial expressions. We study when the space can be described by smoothness conditions.
In this work we propose and experiment an original solution to 3D face recognition that supports face matching also in the case of probe scans with missing parts. In the proposed approach distinguishing traits of the face are captured by first extracting 3D keypoints of the scan and then measuring how the face surface changes in the keypoints neighborhood using local shape descriptors. In particular 3D keypoints detection relies on the adaptation to the case of 3D faces of the meshDOG algorithm that has been demonstrated to be effective for 3D keypoints extraction from generic objects as 3D local descriptors we used the HOG descriptor and also proposed two alternative solutions that develop respectively on the histogram of orientations and the geometric histogram descriptors. Face similarity is evaluated by comparing local shape descriptors across inlier pairs of matching keypoints between probe and gallery scans. The face recognition accuracy of the approach has been first experimented on the difficult probes included in the new 2D 3D Florence face dataset that has been recently collected and released at the University of Firenze and on the Binghamton University 3D facial expression dataset. Then a comprehensive comparative evaluation has been performed on the Bosphorus Gavab and UND FRGC v2.0 databases where competitive results with respect to existing solutions for 3D face biometrics have been obtained. 


Summary: 3D face recognition approach deployable in real non cooperative contexts of use. Fully 3D approach based on keypoints detection description and matching. MeshDOG keypoints detector combined with the multi ring GH descriptor. RANSAC algorithm included for outlier removal from matching keypoints. State of the art accuracy for recognizing 3D scans with missing parts.
The current age of increased people mobility calls for a better understanding of how people move how many places does an individual commonly visit what are the semantics of these places and how do people get from one place to another . We show that the number of places visited by each person is regulated by some properties that are statistically similar among individuals . Subsequently we present a PoIs classification in terms of their relevance on a per user basis . In addition to the PoIs relevance we also investigate the variables that describe the travel rules among PoIs in particular the spatial and temporal distance . As regards the latter existing works on mobility are mainly based on spatial distance . Here we argue rather that for human mobility the temporal distance and the PoIs relevance are the major driving factors . Moreover we study the semantic of PoIs . This is useful for deriving statistics on people s habits without breaking their privacy . With the support of different datasets our paper provides an in depth analysis of PoIs distribution and semantics it also shows that our results hold independently of the nature of the dataset in use . We illustrate that our approach is able to effectively extract a rich set of features describing human mobility and we argue that this can be seminal to novel mobility research . 


Summary: Visited locations are classified in 3 main categories according to their relevance. People visit regularly just few places where they spend most of their time. People commute between places based on their time not spatial distance. HOME and WORK places are in the set of few places mostly visited. Mostly visited places semantic inference is based on user mobility behavior analysis.
MEMS are used in many fields including display applications which are extensively studied both in academia and industry . For practical devices numbers of advanced technologies have been developed based on MEMS concept . For display technologies projection displays reflective displays transmissive displays and other display modes have been achieved by different MEMS modes . In this review the current MEMS based display technologies are introduced and discussed including digital micromirror device laser scanning display interferometric modulator display digital micro shutter time multiplexed optical shutter grating light valve and others . The typical structure and fundamental of each display mode are interpreted . 


Summary: MEME based display technologies are reviewed. Projection reflective transmissive and novel display modes are included. Typical structures and fundamentals of different display modes are interpreted.
The compositional and content attributes of images carry information that enhances the performance of image retrieval . Standard images are constructed by following the rule of thirds that divides an image into nine equal parts by placing objects or regions of interest at the intersecting lines of the grid . An image represents regions and objects that are in a spatial semantic relationship with respect to each other . While the Bag of Features representation is commonly used for image retrieval it lacks spatial information . In this paper we present two novel image representation methods based on the histograms of triangles which add spatial information to the inverted index of BoF representation . Histograms of triangles are computed at two levels by dividing an image into two and four triangles that are evaluated separately . Extensive experiments and comparisons conducted on two datasets demonstrate that the proposed image representations enhance the performance of image retrieval . 


Summary: The addition of spatial information to the inverted index of the BoF representation. Image representation in the form of triangular histograms. Three different classifiers are evaluated in order to determine the best performance of the proposed work.
Many problems in computer aided geometric design and computer graphics can be turned into a root finding problem of a polynomial equation . Among various solutions clipping methods based on the Bernstein B zier form usually have good numerical stability . A traditional clipping method using polynomials of degree r can achieve a convergence rate of for a single root . It utilizes two polynomials of degree r to bound the given polynomial of degree n where and the roots of the bounding polynomials are used for clipping off the subintervals containing no roots of . This paper presents a rational cubic clipping method for finding the roots of a polynomial within an interval . The bounding rational cubics can achieve an approximation order of 7 and the corresponding convergence rate for finding a single root is also 7 . In addition differently from the traditional cubic clipping method solving the two bounding polynomials in the new method directly constructs the two rational cubics in which can be used for bounding in many cases . Some examples are provided to show the efficiency the approximation effect and the convergence rate of the new method . 


Summary: Use two rational cubics as bounding polynomials. Achieve a convergence rate 7 for a single root. It can achieve linear computational complexity for improved cases.
In this paper we introduce triangular subdivision operators which are composed of a refinement operator and several averaging operators where the refinement operator splits each triangle uniformly into four congruent triangles and in each averaging operation every vertex will be replaced by a convex combination of itself and its neighboring vertices . These operators form an infinite class of triangular subdivision schemes including Loop s algorithm with a restricted parameter range and the midpoint schemes for triangular meshes . We analyze the smoothness of the resulting subdivision surfaces at their regular and extraordinary points by generalizing an established technique for analyzing midpoint subdivision on quadrilateral meshes . General triangular midpoint subdivision surfaces are smooth at all regular points and they are also smooth at extraordinary points under certain conditions . We show some general triangular subdivision surfaces and compare them with Loop subdivision surfaces . 


Summary: Smoothness of general triangular midpoint surfaces for arbitrary control meshes. analysis tools for infinite classes of triangular subdivision schemes. New spectral properties of subdivision matrices. Smoothness analysis of Loop subdivision surfaces.
A new equivalence notion between non stationary subdivision schemes termed asymptotic similarity which is weaker than asymptotic equivalence is introduced and studied . It is known that asymptotic equivalence between a non stationary subdivision scheme and a convergent stationary scheme guarantees the convergence of the non stationary scheme . We show that for non stationary schemes reproducing constants the condition of asymptotic equivalence can be relaxed to asymptotic similarity . This result applies to a wide class of non stationary schemes . 


Summary: Sufficient condition for convergence of non stationary schemes reproducing constants in terms of difference schemes. Introduction of the relation asymptotical similarity between two non stationary subdivision schemes. Convergence of non stationary subdivision schemes by asymptotical similarity to a convergent stationary scheme.
Poor medication adherence is a prevalent medical problem resulting in significant morbidity and mortality especially for elder adults . In this paper we propose a Socialized Prompting System which combines ubiquitous sensors in the smart home and mobile social networks to improve medication adherence . Ubiquitous sensors benefit the seamless monitoring of medication intake behaviors while the mobile social networks contribute to social prompting in a community . The mechanisms of medication monitoring with ubiquitous sensors and the collaborative prompting based on mobile social network are presented . The experimental results showed that the medication adherence of the testing subjects has been improved by using the proposed system . 


Summary: A socialized prompting system improves medication adherence of elders. Ubiquitous sensors benefit the seamless monitoring of medication intake behaviors. The mobile social networks contribute to social prompting in a community.
Vehicular safety is an emergent application in inter vehicular communications . As this application is based on fast multi hop message propagation including information such as position direction and speed it is crucial for the data exchange system of the vehicular application to be resilient to security attacks . To make vehicular networks viable and acceptable to consumers we have to design secure protocols that satisfy the requirements of the vehicular safety applications . The contribution of this work is threefold . First we analyze the vulnerabilities of a representative approach named Fast Multi hop Algorithm to the position cheating attack . Second we devise a fast and secure inter vehicular accident warning protocol which is resilient against the position cheating attack . Finally an exhaustive simulation study shows the impact of the attack on the protocol FMBA on delaying the transmission of alert messages . Furthermore we show that our secure solution is effective in mitigating the position cheating attack . 


Summary: We analyze vulnerabilities of an approach for alert message broadcasting to the position cheating attack. We demonstrate how the position cheating attack delays the transmission of alert messages. We propose a solution based on collaboration among neighbor vehicles to detect nodes cheating about their position. We demonstrate how our detection mechanism ensures a correct estimation of vehicles transmission range. Our detection mechanism allows a quick broadcast of the alert message.