varunr14/newsummary huggingface dataset:
Micro and nanomanipulators are essential for a broad range of applications requiring precise micro and nanoscopic spatial control such as those in micromanufacturing and single cell analysis . These manipulators are often manually controlled using an attached joystick and can be difficult for operators to use efficiently . This paper describes a system developed in MATLAB to control a well known commercial micromanipulator in a user friendly and versatile manner through a graphical user interface . The control system and interface allows several types of flexible movement controls in three axis Cartesian space including single movements multiple queued movements and mouse following continuous movements . The system uses image processing for closed loop feedback to ensure precise and accurate control over the movement of the manipulator s end effector . The system can be used on any electronic device capable of running the free MATLAB Runtime Environment and the system is extensible to simultaneously control other instruments capable of serial communication . 


Summary: A GUI for commercial micro and nanomanipulators was developed. Multiple control options include point and click movement and mouse following. Tip detection using image processing corrects for the manipulator s error. The GUI provides faster and more accurate control even for inexperienced users.
In a previous work we presented algorithms which allow obtaining three dimensional models from graphs which represent a projection in conical parallel perspectives and conical oblique perspectives of polyhedral models with normalon and quasi normalon typology . In this paper the new advances that we have achieved in this field are presented allowing increasing the set of models which can be reconstructed to other typologies different from the normalon and quasi normalon ones . Moreover we present a new technique which extends the previous work in order to be implemented to conical perspectives with three vanishing points and the method proposed for the detection of the type of conical perspective represented by the graph including the detection and subsequent reconstruction of graphs which represent a flat shape has been improved . The results obtained on a total of 336 tests with a success ratio of 100 make the method a proposal to be considered for obtaining models from conical perspectives automatically . 


Summary: The algorithms proposed allow automatically obtaining models from the graphs representing a conical perspective. The system proposed does not need to know the faces defined in the model. The algorithms proposed allow expanding the reconstruction model through some oblique edges in the model. The methods have been implemented and simulated obtaining a success rate of 100 .
A text independent speaker recognition system using a hybrid Probabilistic Principal Component Analysis and conventional i vector modeling technique is proposed . In this framework the total variability space is estimated using PPCA while the i vectors of target speakers and test utterances are extracted using the conventional method . This leads to appreciable decrease in development time while the time required for training and testing remains unchanged . In this a paper an algorithmic optimization to the PPCA s EM algorithm is developed . This is observed to provide a speed up of 3.7 . To simplify the testing procedure two different approximation procedures are proposed to be used in this framework . The first approximation assumes a covariance matrix computed based on the PPCA framework . The second approximation proposes an optimization to avoid inverting the precision matrix of the i vector . The comparison of time taken by these approximations with the baseline i vector extraction procedure shows speed gains with some deterioration in performance in terms of the Equal Error Rate . Among the proposed techniques a best case trade off is obtained with a speed up of 81.2 with deterioration in performance by 0.7 in absolute terms . Speaker recognition performances are studied on the telephone conditions of the benchmark NIST SRE 2010 dataset with systems built on the Mel Frequency Cepstral Co efficient feature . A trade off in the performance is observed when the proposed approximations are used . The scalability of these trade offs is tested on the Mel Filterbank Slope feature . The trade offs observed with the approximations are reduced when the two systems are fused . 


Summary: The hybrid FA PPCA system is presented. Two approaches termed AN and AC are proposed to speed up the i vector estimation during testing in a speaker recognition. Significant speed ups are obtained for each proposed approach. The scalability of the hybrid system is demonstrated using two suitable features MFCC and MFS . Fusion of systems that use AC type approximation perform similar to that of the corresponding Hybrid system baseline.
Medial axis is used as an effective description for objects in many engineering fields . A difficulty for the current methods for the generation of MA of CAD models is the balance between the efficiency and the quality . In this study an approach to iteratively generating hierarchical multi resolution MA is proposed . In each iteration only a small part of MA that affects MA quality is refined by which the time cost and the space cost are reduced greatly . First the model is voxelized and its initial MA is generated by distance dilation method . Meanwhile the MA quality is computed and evaluated . Second if the MA quality does not satisfy the requirement upgrade the MA level and re compute the local MA in the affected region until the MA quality does . Finally by combining the local MA in the affected region with the reused MA in other regions hierarchical multi resolution MA is obtained . Several examples are given to demonstrate the outperformance of the proposed method in terms of time and space . 


Summary: An efficient approach to generating hierarchical multi resolution MA of a CAD model is proposed. The affected region and the re voxelization region are proposed to reuse voxels when the MA level is upgraded. An adaptive double queue distance dilation based algorithm is proposed to refine MA automatically. The MA quality metric is proposed to evaluate the MA.
Many computer applications such as racing games and driving simulations demand high fidelity 3D road network models . However few methods exist for the automatic generation of 3D realistic road networks especially for those in the real world . On the other hand vast 2D road network data in various geographical information systems have been collected in the past and are used by a wide range of applications . A method that can automatically produce 3D high fidelity road network models from 2D real road GIS data will significantly reduce both the labor and time cost and greatly benefit applications involving road networks . Based on a set of carefully selected civil engineering rules for road design this paper proposes a novel approach that transforms existing road GIS data that contain only 2D road centerline information into high fidelity 3D road network models . The proposed method consists of several major components including road GIS data preprocessing 3D centerline modeling and 3D geometric modeling . With this approach basic road elements such as road segments road intersections and traffic interchanges are generated automatically to compose sophisticated road networks in a seamless manner . Results show that this approach provides a rapid and efficient 3D road modeling method for applications that have stringent requirements on high fidelity road models . 


Summary: Procedural generation of high fidelity 3D road models from 2D road GIS data. A set of carefully selected civil engineering rules for road design. A novel approach that generates road geometry from centerline information. Parameterization of network data into elements which compose sophisticated geometry. The algorithm produces seamless road geometry quickly and efficiently.
Application of techniques for modelling of boundary value problems implies two conflicting requirements obtaining high accuracy of the results and speed of the solution . Accurate results can be obtained only by using appropriate models and algorithms . In the previous papers the authors applied the parametric integral equations system in modelling and solving boundary value problems . The first requirement was satisfied the results were obtained with very high accuracy . This paper fulfils the second requirement by novel approach to accelerate PIES . Graphics cards programming for numerical calculations in general purpose applications using NVIDIA CUDA is used for this purpose . The speed of calculations increased up to 80 times whereas high accuracy of the solutions was maintained . Examples included in this paper concern solving elasticity problems which are modelled by three dimensional Navier Lam equations . 


Summary: A novel parallel approach of numerical implementation of PIES named GPU accelerated PIES is proposed. Processing power of GPU is used to accelerate computations. The accuracy of the solutions obtained using GPU accelerated PIES was examined. Computational time of GPU accelerated PIES was examined. The effectiveness of the serial version of PIES program and GPU accelerated PIES was compared.
This work presents a contribution on the numerical modelling capabilities for the simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer in cellular solids in particular we focus on open cell aluminium foams . Rather than applying one of the classical academical or commercial numerical finite volume finite difference or finite element interface tracking methods we base our models on an interface capturing phase field method . A coupled diffuse interface lattice Boltzmann fluid flow solver and a diffuse interface heat transfer approach are combined in view of dealing with even more convoluted geometries incorporating the dynamics of interfaces and complex multiphysics applications . Numerical results for the combined fluid flow and heat transfer simulations in open cell metal foams are in very good agreement with experimental data . 


Summary: Diffuse interface method for heat and mass transfer simulation of cellular solids. Method for realistic modelling of complex microscale structures of cellular solids. Novel tensorial mobility approach is employed for diffuse interface heat transfer. Pore scale level CFD simulation using diffuse interface lattice Boltzmann method. Validation on complex engineering type geometries show excellent agreement.
The paper describes an efficient numerical model for better understanding the influence of the microstructure on the thermal conductivity of heterogeneous media . This is the extension of an approach recently proposed for simulating and evaluating effective thermal conductivities of alumina Al composites . A C code called MultiCAMG taking into account all steps of the proposed approach has been implemented in order to satisfy requirements of efficiency optimization and code unification . Thus on the one hand numerical tools such as the efficient Eyre Milton scheme for computing the thermal response of composites have been implemented for reducing the calculation cost . On the other hand statistical parameters such as the covariance and the distribution of contact angles between particles are now estimated for better analyzing the microstructure . In the present work we focus our investigations on the effects of anisotropy on the effective thermal conductivity of alumina Al composites . First of all an isotropic benchmark is set up for comparison purposes . Secondly anisotropic configurations are studied in order to direct the heat flux . A transversally isotropic structure taking benefit of wall effects is finally proposed for controlling the orientation of contact angles . Its thermal capabilities are related to the current issue of heat dissipation in automotive engine blocks . 


Summary: A new C code is implemented for generating and analyzing granular materials. We set up a numerical method based on the DEM for generating alumina Al materials. A statistical analysis is performed for ensuring the randomness of granular packings. Thermal conductivities are estimated using FFT based scheme of Eyre and Milton. Effects of anisotropy are investigated and related to the thermal conductivity.
We examine the rotational variance of the continuous parameter genetic algorithm . We show that a standard CPGA using blend crossover and standard mutation is rotationally variant . To construct a rotationally invariant CPGA it is possible to modify the crossover operation to be rotationally invariant . This however results in a loss of diversity . Hence we introduce diversity in two ways firstly using a modified mutation scheme and secondly by adding a self scaling random vector with a standard normal distribution sampled uniformly from the surface of a n dimensional unit sphere to the offspring vector . This formulation is strictly invariant albeit in a stochastic sense only . We compare the three formulations in terms of numerical efficiency for a modest set of test problems the intention not being the contribution of yet another competitive and or superior CPGA variant but rather to present formulations that are both diverse and invariant in the hope that this will stimulate additional future contributions since rotational invariance in general is a desirable salient feature for an optimization algorithm . 


Summary: We show that the standard CPGA is rotationally variant. We then construct a rotationally invariant CPGA. We ensure diversity using a modified mutation scheme. We also ensure diversity by adding a self scaling random vector.
A simple physical model consisting of a point source displaced from its center of rotation in combination with a directivity model that includes backwards emitted energy is considered for the problem of estimating the orientation of a directional acoustic source . Such a problem arises for instance in voice commanded devices in a smart room and is usually tackled with a large or distributed microphone array . We show however that when the time difference of arrival is also taken into account a small array of only two microphones is sufficiently robust against unaccounted factors such as microphone directivity variation and mild reverberation . This is shown by comparing predicted and measured values of binaural cues and by using them and pairwise frame energies as inputs for an artificial neural network in order to estimate source orientation . 


Summary: We estimate an acoustic source orientation using only two microphones. A simple physical model that explains ITD and ILD variations is proposed. We propose a new directivity model that includes backwards emitted energy. Multiframe estimation is more robust than frame estimation in adverse conditions. In multiframe estimation there is a tradeoff between COR and estimation delay.
This paper introduces a method to perform a Time Scale Local Hurst Exponent analysis for time series . The traditional Hurst exponent methods usually analyze time series as a whole providing a single value that characterizes their global behavior . In contrast the methods based on the Local Hurst Exponent allow the evaluation of the fractal structure of a time series on local events . However a critical parameter in these methods is the selection of scale . Here a TS LHE method is presented based on a systematic implementation of the rescaled range method in a set of sliding windows of different sizes . This method allows calculating instantaneous values of Local Hurst Exponents at different scales associating them with individual samples of a time series . This paper is organized as follows first an overview of the TS LHE is provided then a proof of concept of this analysis is presented considering different fractional Brownian motion series a synthetic seismic signal under different noise conditions and a group of real seismic traces . Finally the obtained results show that the TS LHE analysis is particularly sensitive to sudden behavior changes of the time series such as frequency or phase variations . This sensitivity is independent of the amplitude of the data and thus it can be used to identify pattern changes as well as long and short range correlations within a time series . 


Summary: We present a method for estimating a time scale local Hurst exponent on time series. The method has proven to be sensitive to sudden behavior changes on time series. Lower scales evaluate short range correlations. Larger scales evaluate long range correlations. The analysis evaluates pattern changes regardless the amplitude and scale.
Photo and physically realistic techniques are often insufficient for visualization of fluid flow simulations especially for 3D and time varying studies . Substantial research effort has been dedicated to the development of non photorealistic and illustration inspired visualization techniques for compact and intuitive presentation of such complex datasets . However a great deal of work has been reproduced in this field as many research groups have developed specialized visualization software . Additionally interoperability between illustrative visualization software is limited due to diverse processing and rendering architectures employed in different studies . In this investigation a framework for illustrative visualization is proposed and implemented in MarmotViz a ParaView plug in enabling its use on a variety of computing platforms with various data file formats and mesh geometries . Region of interest identification and feature tracking algorithms incorporated into this tool are described . Implementations of multiple illustrative effect algorithms are also presented to demonstrate the use and flexibility of this framework . By providing an integrated framework for illustrative visualization of CFD data MarmotViz can serve as a valuable asset for the interpretation of simulations of ever growing scale . cell centroid of a cell or region distance of contour points from a central axis edge feature graph constructed from mesh thickness for feature halos products of inertia tensor for a region volumetric angular momentum of a region number of unmatched regions of interest camera projection plane normal octree used for feature matching point on a contour queue used for feature matching region of interest position vector strobe silhouette curve bounding contour around a feature time user specified threshold velocity of a cell or volume average velocity of a region volume of a cell or region spatial coordinates initial value bounding contour around a feature rear point on a contour cell count threshold for regions of interest gradient threshold for regions of interest counting indices left most point on a contour inset contour around a feature minimum maximum values along a contour offset contour around a feature right most point on a contour estimated value similarity parameter for feature matching user defined time step similarity criterion for feature matching relaxation parameter for feature matching hard lower limit for the feature matching criterion volumetric average angular velocity of a region 


Summary: A framework for illustrative visualization of fluid simulation datasets is presented. New algorithms are developed for feature identification and matching in field data. Novel implementations are described for multiple illustrative visualization effects.
This study deals with the asymptotic performance of a multiple spur cancellation scheme . Radio frequency transceivers are now multi standard and specific impairment can occur . The clock harmonics called spurs can leak into the signal band of the reception stage and thus degrade the performance . The performance of a fully digital approach is presented here . A one spur cancellation scheme is first described for which we exploit the a priori knowledge of the spur frequency to create a reference of the polluting tone with the same frequency . A least mean square algorithm block that uses this reference to mitigate the polluter is designed . However due to imperfections in the physical components there is a shift between the a priori frequency and the actual frequency of the spur and the spur is affected by Brownian phase noise . Under these circumstances we study the asymptotic and transient performance of the algorithm . We next improve the transient performance by adding a previously proposed adaptive step size process . In a second part of this paper we present a multiple spur parallel approach that is based on the one spur cancellation scheme for which we provide a closed form expression of the asymptotic signal plus noise interference ratio in the presence of frequency shifts and phase noise . 


Summary: We model a multi spur pollution and take into account the impairments affecting the spurs pulsation shift phase noise . We derive all closed form formulae optimal step Signal to Interference Ratio of the LMS based spurs cancellation scheme. We add an original adaptive step overlay to improve the transitional mode while keeping the same asymptotic performance.
Fitting a pair of coupled geometric objects to a number of coordinate points is a challenging and important problem in many applications including coordinate metrology petroleum engineering and image processing . This paper derives two asymptotically efficient estimators one for concentric circles fitting and the other for concentric ellipses fitting based on the weighted equation error formulation and non linear parameter transformation . The Kanatani Cram r Rao lower bounds for the parameter estimates of the concentric circles and concentric ellipses under zero mean Gaussian noise are provided to serve as the performance benchmark . Small noise analysis shows that the proposed estimators reach the KCR lower bound performance asymptotically . The accuracy of the proposed estimators is corroborated by experiments with synthetic data and realistic images . 


Summary: New solutions for coupled circles and coupled ellipses fittings in explicit forms. The non iterative solutions have computation advantage. The iterative solutions are self initialized and achieve optimum performance. They have higher noise tolerance levels before the thresholding effects happen. They can be reduced back to the fittings of a single circle and a single ellipse.