vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Starbucks
In May 2015 , Starbucks entered a partnership with music streaming service Spotify . The partnership entailed giving U.S. - based employees a Spotify premium subscription and to help influence the music played in store via playlists made using Spotify . Starbucks was also given its own curated Spotify playlist to be featured on Spotify 's mobile app .
Apple Music
In August 2016 , Frank Ocean released Blonde exclusively on Apple Music . The decision was made by Ocean independently , without Def Jam Recordings , his former label , being a part of the deal . The exclusive deal reportedly `` ignited a music streaming war '' . The move followed in the footsteps of other artists , including Adele , Coldplay , Future , Drake , Beyoncé , Rihanna , and Kanye West , who released albums on exclusive terms with music streaming competitors of leading service Spotify . Jonathan Prince , Spotify 's head of communications , told The Verge that `` We 're not really in the business of paying for exclusives , because we think they 're bad for artists and they 're bad for fans . Artists want as many fans as possible to hear their music , and fans want to be able to hear whatever they 're excited about or interested in -- exclusives get in the way of that for both sides . Of course , we understand that short promotional exclusives are common and we do n't have an absolute policy against them , but we definitely think the best practice for everybody is wide release '' . Ocean 's independent move to Apple Music exclusivity caused `` a major fight in the music industry '' , and Universal Music Group reportedly banned the practice of exclusive releases for its signed artists . Soon after , several major record labels followed Universal , marking a significant change in the industry . According to unnamed label executives , Spotify had also introduced a new policy that said that the service would not give the same level of promotion once an album arrives on Spotify after other services , including not being prominently featured in playlists . Rolling Stone wrote in October 2016 that `` if you wanted to keep up with new albums by Beyoncé , Drake , Frank Ocean and Kanye West , among many others , you would have had to subscribe to not one but two streaming services '' , adding , `` But over the past few months , a backlash has developed against this new reality '' . Lady Gaga told Apple Music 's Beats 1 radio , `` I told my label that if they signed those contracts with Apple Music and Tidal , I 'd leak all my own new music '' .
Hip hop
In the 2000s , with the rise of new media platforms and Web 2.0 , fans discovered and downloaded or streamed hip hop music through social networking sites ( SNS ) beginning with Myspace , as well as from websites like YouTube , Worldstarhiphop , SoundCloud , and Spotify .
Apple Music
The service is compatible with iOS devices running version 8.4 or later , iTunes version 12.2 or later on macOS or Windows PCs , on Apple Watch , and Apple TV . It is also available for Android devices .
Communications satellite
Radio services are usually provided by commercial ventures and are subscription - based . The various services are proprietary signals , requiring specialized hardware for decoding and playback . Providers usually carry a variety of news , weather , sports , and music channels , with the music channels generally being commercial - free .
Apple Music
In January 2016 , Fortune reported that , six months after launching , Apple Music had reached 10 million paying subscribers , having spent six months reaching the same customer base that took competing music streaming service Spotify six years . This customer base increased to 11 million subscribers in February , 13 million in April , 15 million in June , 17 million in September , 20 million in December , 27 million in June 2017 , 36 million in February 2018 , 38 million in March 2018 ( just five weeks after the previous milestone ) , 40 million in April 2018 , and 50 million as of May 2018 . By July 2018 , Apple Music had surpassed Spotify in terms of paying users in the United States .
History of mobile phones
The high connection speeds of 3G technology enabled a transformation in the industry : for the first time , media streaming of radio ( and even television ) content to 3G handsets became possible , with companies such as RealNetworks and Disney among the early pioneers in this type of offering .
Star Wars
In November 2017 , Bob Iger discussed the development of a live - action Star Wars series for Disney 's upcoming digital streaming service , due to launch in 2019 .
Apple Music
Originally strictly a music service , Apple Music began expanding into video in 2016 . Executive Jimmy Iovine has stated that the intention for the service is to become a `` cultural platform '' , and Apple reportedly wants the service to be a `` one - stop shop for pop culture '' . The company is actively investing heavily in the production and purchasing of video content , both in terms of music videos and concert footage that support music releases , as well as web series and feature films .
Xbox Live
The Xbox Live service is available as both a free service , known as Xbox Live Silver and a subscription - based service known as Xbox Live Gold , respectively , with most features such as online gaming restricted to the Gold service .
Apple Music
Beats 1 , the service 's 24 - hour radio station led by DJ Zane Lowe , broadcasts in over 100 countries . This service is free for all users , even without an Apple Music subscription .
Xbox Live
Feature Live Free Live Gold Additional requirements Xbox 360 Xbox One Avatars Yes Yes Yes Yes Cloud game saves Yes / No Yes Yes Yes Free - to - play games No Yes Yes Yes Game DVR 5 minutes No Yes Upload Studio No Yes Games with Gold No Yes Yes Yes Live broadcasting Mixer , Twitch No Yes No Yes Media sharing OneDrive , YouTube No Yes No Yes Online multi-player No Yes Yes Yes Social hub Clubs , Looking for Group Yes Yes No Yes Video Kinect No Yes Headset ( wired or wireless ) or Kinect Yes No Voice / party chat No Yes Yes Yes Voice messaging No Yes Yes Yes Web browser Internet Explorer ( Xbox 360 ) , Microsoft Edge ( Xbox One ) Yes Yes Yes Yes Xbox Live Arcade point results Yes Yes Yes No First - party apps and entertainment services Avatar Kinect No Yes Kinect Yes No Bing Yes Yes Yes Yes Groove Music Yes Yes Xbox Music Pass Yes Yes Kinect Fun Labs Yes Yes Kinect Yes No Microsoft Movies & TV Yes Yes Yes Yes Upload Studio No Yes No Yes Skype Yes Yes Skype account and Kinect No Yes Sports Picks No Yes Yes No A selection of third - party apps and entertainment services 4oD Yes Yes Yes Yes ABC iView Yes Yes Yes Yes Amazon.com Instant Video Yes Yes Amazon account ( s ) Yes Yes BBC iPlayer Yes Yes Yes Yes Crackle Yes Yes Yes Yes Canal+ Yes Yes Canal+ subscription Yes Yes Crunchyroll Yes Yes Crunchyroll premium membership Yes Yes Demand 5 Yes Yes Yes Yes ESPN Yes Yes WatchESPN affiliated ISP No Yes Foxtel Play Yes Yes Foxtel On Xbox One subscription No Yes Halo Waypoint No Yes Yes Yes Hulu Plus Yes Yes Hulu Plus subscription Yes Yes iHeartRadio Yes Yes Yes Yes Live
PlayStation 3
In August 2011 , Sony , in partnership with DirecTV , added NFL Sunday Ticket . Then in October 2011 , Best Buy launched an app for its CinemaNow service . In April 2012 , Amazon.com launched an Amazon Video app , accessible to Amazon Prime subscribers ( in the US ) .
Xbox Live
Xbox Live is available as both a free and subscription - based service , known as Xbox Live Gold . A comparison of free and premium services :
Apple Music
In negotiations with record labels for the new service , Apple allegedly attempted to encourage record labels to pull their content from the free , ad - supported tiers of competing services such as Spotify in order to drive adoption of Apple Music , and offered an incentive to Universal Music Group to pull its content from YouTube . The U.S. Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission launched an investigation into this alleged cartel in May 2015 .
PlayStation 3
In addition to the video service provided by the Sony Entertainment Network , the PlayStation 3 console has access to a variety of third party video services , dependent on region :
Game of Thrones (season 7)
Data from piracy monitoring firm MUSO indicates that season seven was pirated more than one billion times mostly by unauthorized streaming , with torrent and direct downloads accounting for about 15 percent of this piracy . On average , each episode is estimated to have been pirated 140 million times .
Apple Music
In June 2017 , Apple hired two television executives from Sony , specifically Jamie Erlicht and Zack Van Amburg . The two have jointly held the title of `` President '' at Sony , and have helped develop shows including Breaking Bad and Shark Tank . The hiring was noted by the media as another significant effort by Apple to expand into original video productions . In early December 2017 , Apple hired Michelle Lee , a programming veteran , as a creative executive of Apple 's original video team , and a few days later , also hired Philip Matthys and Jennifer Wang Grazier from Hulu and Legendary Entertainment , respectively .
Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Manny Pacquiao
Due to the high profile of the event and the high price of the PPV , there were significant concerns surrounding piracy of the fight 's telecast by either bars ( which were required to purchase a higher - priced commercial license to televise the event , and were not legally allowed to purchase it through their television provider ) or by online streaming services , with TorrentFreak going on to report that Mayweather vs. Pacquiao was `` destined to become the most pirated live sports event in history '' . Organizers were especially concerned about the mobile broadcasting apps Meerkat and Periscope due to their relative ease of use and accessibility , as viewers could simply film their television screen with their phones to make a stream available .
Apple Music
In January 2017 , The Wall Street Journal reported that Apple was exploring original video content , including its own television series and movies . A few days later , Apple Music executive Jimmy Iovine confirmed the reports about the move towards video , and in February , he announced that Apple Music would launch its first two television - style series in 2017 , with the aim to turn Apple Music into a `` cultural platform '' . In March , The Information reported that Apple had recently hired several people to help evolve its video platform , including YouTube product manager Shiva Rajaraman . In April , it was announced that Apple Music would be the exclusive home to Sean Combs 's documentary `` Ca n't Stop , Wo n't Stop : A Bad Boy Story '' , which premiered June 25 . On the same day , Bloomberg Businessweek reported that artist Will.i.am would make a reality show for Apple Music , in an effort to turn the service into a `` one - stop shop for pop culture '' . The reality show was later revealed to be called Planet of the Apps , and will focus on the `` app economy '' . The series has cast 100 developers , and premiered on June 6 , 2017 .
Apple Music
In May 2017 , Apple Music executive Jimmy Iovine told Music Business Worldwide , `` We tried it . We 'll still do some stuff with the occasional artist . The labels do n't seem to like it and ultimately it 's their content . ''
Freedom of religion in the United States
As the Government of the United States of America is not , in any sense , founded on the Christian religion ; as it has in itself no character of enmity against the laws , religion , or tranquility , of Mussulmen ( Muslims ) ; and as the said States never entered into any war or act of hostility against any Mahometan ( Mohammedan ) nation , it is declared by the parties that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two countries .
Wales
The largest religion in Wales is Christianity , with 57.6 % of the population describing themselves as Christian in the 2011 census . The Church in Wales with 56,000 adherents has the largest attendance of the denominations . It is a province of the Anglican Communion , and was part of the Church of England until disestablishment in 1920 under the Welsh Church Act 1914 . The first Independent Church in Wales was founded at Llanvaches in 1638 by William Wroth . The Presbyterian Church of Wales was born out of the Welsh Methodist revival in the 18th century and seceded from the Church of England in 1811 . The second largest attending faith in Wales is Roman Catholic , with an estimated 43,000 adherents . Non-Christian religions are small in Wales , making up approximately 2.7 % of the population . The 2011 census recorded 32.1 % of people declaring no religion , while 7.6 % did not reply to the question .
Nubia
By the 7th century , Makuria expanded becoming the dominant power in the region . It was strong enough to halt the southern expansion of Islam after the Arabs had taken Egypt . After several failed invasions the new rulers agreed to a treaty with Dongola , called Baqt , allowing for peaceful coexistence and trade . This treaty held for six hundred years . Over time the influx of Arab traders introduced Islam to Nubia and it gradually supplanted Christianity . While there are records of a bishop at Qasr Ibrim in 1372 , his see had come to include that located at Faras . It is also clear that the cathedral of Dongola had been converted to a mosque in 1317 .
Ancient Egyptian deities
The final step in the formation of Egyptian religion was the unification of Egypt , in which rulers from Upper Egypt made themselves pharaohs of the entire country . These sacred kings and their subordinates assumed the exclusive right to interact with the deities , and kingship became the unifying focus of the religion .
French Polynesia
Christianity is the main religion of the islands . A majority of 54 % belongs to various Protestant churches , especially the Maohi Protestant Church , which is the largest and accounts for more than 50 % of the population . It traces its origins to Pomare II , the king of Tahiti , who converted from traditional beliefs to the Reformed tradition brought to the islands by the London Missionary Society .
Golden Horde
Despite Russian efforts at proselytizing in Sarai , the Mongols clung to their traditional animist or shamanist beliefs until Uzbeg Khan ( 1312 -- 41 ) adopted Islam as a state religion . Several rulers of Kievan Rus ' -- Mikhail of Chernigov and Mikhail of Tver among them -- were reportedly assassinated in Sarai , but the Khans were generally tolerant and even released the Russian Orthodox Church from paying taxes .
Karnataka
The Jain philosophy and literature have contributed immensely to the religious and cultural landscape of Karnataka . Islam , which had an early presence on the west coast of India as early as the tenth century , gained a foothold in Karnataka with the rise of the Bahamani and Bijapur sultanates that ruled parts of Karnataka . Christianity reached Karnataka in the sixteenth century with the arrival of the Portuguese and St. Francis Xavier in 1545 .
Freedom of religion in the United States
Rhode Island ( 1636 ) , Connecticut ( 1636 ) , New Jersey , and Pennsylvania ( 1682 ) , founded by Baptist Roger Williams , Congregationalist Thomas Hooker , and Quaker William Penn , respectively , established the religious freedom in their colonies in direct opposition to the theocratic government which Separatist Congregationalists ( Pilgrim Fathers ) and Puritans had enforced in Plymouth Colony ( 1620 ) and Massachusetts Bay Colony ( 1628 ) . Having fled religious persecution themselves in England , the leaders of Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay Colony restricted franchise to members of their church only , rigorously enforced their own interpretation of theological law and banished freethinkers such as Roger Williams , who was actually chased out of Salem. , as well as banning Quakers and Anabaptists . These colonies became safe havens for persecuted religious minorities . Catholics and Jews also had full citizenship and free exercise of their faiths . Williams , Hooker , Penn , and their friends were firmly convinced that democracy and freedom of conscience were the will of God . Williams gave the most profound theological reason : As faith is the free gift of the Holy Spirit , it can not be forced upon a person . Therefore , strict separation of church and state has to be kept . Pennsylvania was the only colony that retained unlimited religious freedom until the foundation of the United States . The inseparable connection of democracy , freedom of religion , and the other forms of freedom became the political and legal basis of the new nation . In particular , Baptists and Presbyterians demanded vigorously and successfully the disestablishment of the Anglican and Congregational state churches that had existed in most colonies since the seventeenth century .
History of West Africa
Ghana was inhabited by urban dwellers and rural farmers . The urban dwellers were the administrators of the empire , who were Muslims , and the Ghana ( king ) , who practised traditional religion . Two towns existed , one where the Muslim administrators and Berber - Arabs lived , which was connected by a stone - paved road to the king 's residence . The rural dwellers lived in villages , which joined together into broader polities that pledged loyalty to the Ghana . The Ghana was viewed as divine , and his physical well - being reflected on the whole society . Ghana converted to Islam around 1050 , after conquering Aoudaghost .
Samoa
In June 2017 , Parliament voted to amend the wording of Article 1 of the constitution , thereby making Christianity the state religion .
Lithuania
Lithuanian Tatars maintained Islam as their religion . 6.1 % of Lithuanians have no religion .
Spice trade
Hindu and Buddhist religious establishments of Southeast Asia came to be associated with economic activity and commerce as patrons entrusted large funds which would later be used to benefit local economy by estate management , craftsmanship promotion of trading activities . Buddhism , in particular , traveled alongside the maritime trade , promoting coinage , art and literacy . Islam spread throughout the East , reaching Maritime Southeast Asia in the 10th century ; Muslim merchants played a crucial part in the trade . Christian missionaries , such as Saint Francis Xavier , were instrumental in the spread of Christianity in the East . Christianity competed with Islam to become the dominant religion of the Moluccas . However , the natives of the Spice Islands accommodated aspects of both religions easily .
Wales
Islam is the largest non-Christian religion in Wales , with 24,000 ( 0.8 % ) reported Muslims in the 2011 census . 2 Glynrhondda Street in Cathays , Cardiff , is accepted as the first mosque in the United Kingdom founded by Yemeni and Somali sailors on their trips between Aden and Cardiff Docks .
Barbados
Other religions in Barbados include Hinduism , Islam , Bahá'í , Judaism and Wicca .
Separation of church and state in the United States
Jefferson 's concept of `` separation of church and state '' first became a part of Establishment Clause jurisprudence in Reynolds v. U.S. , 98 U.S. 145 ( 1878 ) . In that case , the court examined the history of religious liberty in the US , determining that while the constitution guarantees religious freedom , `` The word ' religion ' is not defined in the Constitution . We must go elsewhere , therefore , to ascertain its meaning , and nowhere more appropriately , we think , than to the history of the times in the midst of which the provision was adopted . '' The court found that the leaders in advocating and formulating the constitutional guarantee of religious liberty were James Madison and Thomas Jefferson . Quoting the `` separation '' paragraph from Jefferson 's letter to the Danbury Baptists , the court concluded that , `` coming as this does from an acknowledged leader of the advocates of the measure , it may be accepted almost as an authoritative declaration of the scope and effect of the amendment thus secured . ''
Old-Time Religion
( `` Give Me That '' ) `` Old - Time Religion '' ( and similar spellings ) is a traditional Gospel song dating from 1873 , when it was included in a list of Jubilee songs -- or earlier . It has become a standard in many Protestant hymnals , though it says nothing about Jesus or the gospel , and covered by many artists . Some scholars , such as Forrest Mason McCann , have asserted the possibility of an earlier stage of evolution of the song , in that `` the tune may go back to English folk origins '' ( later dying out in the white repertoire but staying alive in the work songs of African Americans ) . In any event , it was by way of Charles Davis Tillman that the song had incalculable influence on the confluence of black spiritual and white gospel song traditions in forming the genre now known as southern gospel . Tillman was largely responsible for publishing the song into the repertoire of white audiences . It was first heard sung by African - Americans and written down by Tillman when he attended a camp meeting in Lexington , South Carolina in 1889 .
Freedom of religion in the United States
In the United States , the religious civil liberties are guaranteed by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution :
Zimbabwe
As in other African countries , Christianity may be mixed with enduring traditional beliefs . Ancestral worship is the most practised non-Christian religion , involving spiritual intercession ; the mbira dzavadzimu , which means `` voice of the ancestors '' , an instrument related to many lamellophones ubiquitous throughout Africa , is central to many ceremonial proceedings . Mwari simply means `` God the Creator '' ( musika vanhu in Shona ) . Around 1 % of the population is Muslim . A
Freedom of religion in the United States
`` Religious Liberty shall be interpreted to include freedom to worship according to conscience and to bring up children in the faith of their parents ; freedom for the individual to change his religion ; freedom to preach , educate , publish and carry on missionary activities ; and freedom to organize with others , and to acquire and hold property , for these purposes . '' Freedom
Religious affiliations of Presidents of the United States
The religious affiliations of Presidents of the United States can affect their electability , shape their stances on policy matters and their visions of society and also how they want to lead it . Speculation of Thomas Jefferson , Abraham Lincoln , and William Howard Taft being atheists was reported during election campaigns , while others , such as Jimmy Carter , used faith as a defining aspect of their campaigns and tenure to hold the office . Almost all of the presidents can be characterized as Christian , at least by upbringing , though some were unaffiliated with any specific religious body . Protestants predominate , with Episcopalians and Presbyterians being the most prevalent . There have been four Nontrinitarian presidents , and a single Roman Catholic president ( John F. Kennedy ) . No president thus far has been openly an atheist . However , it has been acknowledged that two US Presidents -- Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Johnson -- had no religious affiliation .
Afghanistan
Arab Muslims brought Islam to Herat and Zaranj in 642 CE and began spreading eastward ; some of the native inhabitants they encountered accepted it while others revolted . The land was collectively recognized by the Arabs as al - Hind due to its cultural connection with Greater India . Before Islam was introduced , people of the region were mostly Buddhists and Zoroastrians , but there were also Surya and Nana worshipers , Jews , and others . The Zunbils and Kabul Shahi were first conquered in 870 CE by the Saffarid Muslims of Zaranj . Later , the Samanids extended their Islamic influence south of the Hindu Kush . It is reported that Muslims and non-Muslims still lived side by side in Kabul before the Ghaznavids rose to power in the 10th century .