vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
History of the United Kingdom
Between 1950 and 1970 , however , Britain was overtaken by most of the countries of the European Common Market in terms of the number of telephones , refrigerators , television sets , cars , and washing machines per 100 of the population ( although Britain remained high in terms of bathrooms and lavatories per 100 people ) . Although the British standard of living was increasing , the standard of living in other countries increased faster . According to a 1968 study by Anthony Sampson , British workers :
Constitutional Convention (United States)
Among the most controversial issues confronting the delegates was that of slavery . Slavery was widespread in the states at the time of the Convention . At least a third of the Convention 's 55 delegates owned slaves , including all of the delegates from Virginia and South Carolina . Slaves comprised approximately one - fifth of the population of the states ; and apart from northernmost New England , where slavery had largely been eliminated , slaves lived throughout all regions of the country . The majority of the slaves ( more than 90 % ) , however , lived in the South , where approximately 1 in 3 families owned slaves ( in the largest and wealthiest state , Virginia , that figure was nearly 1 in 2 families ) . The entire agrarian economy of the South was based on slave labor , and the Southern delegates to the Convention were unwilling to accept any proposals that they believed would threaten the institution . Quaker
Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
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United Kingdom
Britannia is a national personification of the United Kingdom , originating from Roman Britain . Britannia is symbolised as a young woman with brown or golden hair , wearing a Corinthian helmet and white robes . She holds Poseidon 's three - pronged trident and a shield , bearing the Union Flag . Sometimes she is depicted as riding on the back of a lion . Since the height of the British Empire in the late 19th century , Britannia has often been associated with British maritime dominance , as in the patriotic song `` Rule , Britannia ! '' . Up until 2008 , the lion symbol was depicted behind Britannia on the British fifty pence coin and on the back of the British ten pence coin . It is also used as a symbol on the non-ceremonial flag of the British Army .
Middle Ages
Strong , royalty - based nation states rose throughout Europe in the Late Middle Ages , particularly in England , France , and the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula : Aragon , Castile , and Portugal . The long conflicts of the period strengthened royal control over their kingdoms and were extremely hard on the peasantry . Kings profited from warfare that extended royal legislation and increased the lands they directly controlled . Paying for the wars required that methods of taxation become more effective and efficient , and the rate of taxation often increased . The requirement to obtain the consent of taxpayers allowed representative bodies such as the English Parliament and the French Estates General to gain power and authority . Joan
Southern strategy
Goldwater 's position appealed to white Southern Democrats and Goldwater was the first Republican presidential candidate since Reconstruction to win the electoral votes of the Deep South states ( Louisiana , Georgia , Alabama , Mississippi and South Carolina ) . Outside the South , Goldwater 's negative vote on the Civil Rights Act proved devastating to his campaign . The only other state he won was his home one of Arizona and he suffered a landslide defeat . A Lyndon B. Johnson ad called `` Confessions of a Republican '' , which ran in the North , associated Goldwater with the Ku Klux Klan . At the same time , Johnson 's campaign in the Deep South publicized Goldwater 's support for pre-1964 civil rights legislation . In the end , Johnson swept the election .
Poverty in the United Kingdom
The persistence of high poverty rates in the UK is associated with the relatively low generosity of the welfare state . The UK social security system is characterised by a residual welfare state model based on the notion of market dominance and private provision . The state only intervenes to moderate extreme poverty and provide for basic needs , largely on a means - tested basis ( Esping - Andersen 1990 ; Ferragina and Seleeib - Kaiser 2011 ) .
Socioeconomic status
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State of the Union
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Brisket
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Articles of Confederation
Rakove ( 1988 ) identifies several factors that explain the collapse of the Confederation . The lack of compulsory direct taxation power was objectionable to those wanting a strong centralized state or expecting to benefit from such power . It could not collect customs after the war because tariffs were vetoed by Rhode Island . Rakove concludes that their failure to implement national measures `` stemmed not from a heady sense of independence but rather from the enormous difficulties that all the states encountered in collecting taxes , mustering men , and gathering supplies from a war - weary populace . '' The second group of factors Rakove identified derived from the substantive nature of the problems the Continental Congress confronted after 1783 , especially the inability to create a strong foreign policy . Finally , the Confederation 's lack of coercive power reduced the likelihood for profit to be made by political means , thus potential rulers were uninspired to seek power .
Great Britain in the Seven Years' War
One of the major concerns for the British government of the era was colonial expansion . During the eighteenth century the British colonies in North America had become more populous and powerful - and were agitating to expand westwards into the American interior . The territory most prized by the new settlers was the Ohio Country , which was also claimed by France . As well as having economic potential , it was considered strategically key . French control of that territory would block British expansion westwards and eventually French territory would surround the British colonies , pinning them against the coast . A number of colonial delegations to London urged the government to take more decisive action in the Ohio dispute .
Atlantic slave trade
The major Atlantic slave trading nations , ordered by trade volume , were : the Portuguese , the British , the French , the Spanish , and the Dutch Empires . Several had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African leaders . These slaves were managed by a factor who was established on or near the coast to expedite the shipping of slaves to the New World . Slaves were kept in a factory while awaiting shipment . Current estimates are that about 12 million Africans were shipped across the Atlantic , although the number purchased by the traders was considerably higher , as the passage had a high death rate . Near the beginning of the 19th century , various governments acted to ban the trade , although illegal smuggling still occurred . In the early 21st century , several governments issued apologies for the transatlantic slave trade .
Financial costs of the American Revolutionary War
British efforts to weaken the colonies included isolating their economy from the rest of the world by cutting off trade . With a navy that was many times more powerful than its American counterpart , the English had complete control over the American ports . The British took control of major port cities along the colonial east coast , and as a result British warships were able to drastically reduce the number of ships that could successfully travel from the colonies . Consequently , the U.S. saw a fall in exported goods due to the relentless British blockade . Furthermore , England 's naval strength was great enough to intimidate other nations and scare them away from exporting goods to the colonies , so smuggled and inexpensive imports became costly and rare .
First voyage of James Cook
Once the observations were completed , Cook opened the sealed orders for the second part of his voyage : to search the south Pacific for signs of the postulated rich southern continent of Terra Australis , acting on additional instructions from the Admiralty . The Royal Society , and especially Alexander Dalrymple , believed that it must exist and that Britain 's best chance of discovering it and claiming its fabled riches before any other rival European power managed to do so would be by using Cook 's Transit of Venus mission ( on an inconspicuous small ship such as the Endeavour ) as a cover .
Cherokee
The traders and British government agents dealing with the southern tribes in general , and the Cherokee in particular , were nearly all of Scottish ancestry , with many documented as being from the Highlands . A few were Scots - Irish , English , French , and German ( see Scottish Indian trade ) . Many of these men married women from their host peoples and remained after the fighting had ended . Some had mixed - race children who would later become significant leaders among the Five Civilized Tribes of the Southeast .
United States in World War I
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British Empire
Macmillan gave a speech in Cape Town , South Africa in February 1960 where he spoke of `` the wind of change blowing through this continent '' . Macmillan wished to avoid the same kind of colonial war that France was fighting in Algeria , and under his premiership decolonisation proceeded rapidly . To the three colonies that had been granted independence in the 1950s -- Sudan , the Gold Coast and Malaya -- were added nearly ten times that number during the 1960s .
Southern strategy
Kalk and Tindall separately argue that Nixon 's Southern strategy was to find a compromise that on race would take the issue house of politics , allowing conservatives in the South to rally behind his grand plan to reorganize the national government . Kalk and Tindall emphasize the similarity between Nixon 's operations and the series of compromises orchestrated by Rutherford B. Hayes in 1877 that ended the battles over Reconstruction and put Hayes in the White House . Kalk says Nixon did end the reform impulse and sowed the seeds for the political rise of white Southerners and the decline of the civil rights movement .
Southern strategy
Valentino and Sears conducted their own study and reported that `` the South 's shift to the Republican party has been driven to a significant degree by racial conservatism '' and also concluded that `` racial conservatism seems to continue to be central to the realignment of Southern whites ' partisanship since the Civil Rights era '' .
Tariff
The Third World has suffered from the free trade imposed by the Western powers . The opening up of these economies was one of the main causes of the lack of development , since the import of large quantities of cheap manufactured goods led to a process of deindustrialization . India , for example , a British colony , has seen a highly developed textile craft industry disappear because of the trade imposed by Britain . Bairoch points out that : `` Protectionism has always coincided in time with industrialization and economic development and is even at the origin of it `` .
Julian Baker
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Thirteen Colonies
Besides these thirteen colonies , Britain had another dozen in the New World . Those in the British West Indies , Newfoundland , the Province of Quebec , Nova Scotia , Prince Edward Island , Bermuda , and East and West Florida remained loyal to the crown throughout the war ( although Spain reacquired Florida before the war was over , and later sold it to the United States ) . There was a certain degree of sympathy with the Patriot cause in several of the other colonies , but their geographical isolation and the dominance of British naval power precluded any effective participation . The British crown had only recently acquired those lands , and many of the issues facing the Thirteen Colonies did not apply to them , especially in the case of Quebec and Florida .
Talk:Wifebeater (shirt)
I fourth / fifth / or whatever the notion . It is definitely , and exclusively , a `` wifebeater '' on the East and West Coasts of the US . Nothing offensive about it . -- 82.131. 187.160 19 : 22 , 21 August 2006 ( UTC )
British North America Acts
This Act gave the newer provinces of British Columbia , Alberta , Manitoba , and Saskatchewan rights over certain natural resources found in federally controlled lands . In 1982 , this Act was renamed the Constitution Act , 1930 .
Talk:Wifebeater (shirt)
Jump up ^ The page I got with synonyms from google was : http://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/thesaurus-category/american/Shirts-t-shirts-and-tops Retrieved
Glycolysis
Click on genes , proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles . (
British Hong Kong
British Hong Kong Traditional Chinese 英 屬 香港 show Transcriptions Yue : Cantonese Yale Romanization Yīng suhk hēung góng Jyutping Jing suk hoeng gong
GEICO advertising campaigns
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Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?
Boime , Albert . ( 2008 ) Revelation of Modernism : Responses to the Cultural Crisis in Fin - de-Siécle . University of Missouri Press , ISBN 9780826266255 Gayford , Martin . ( 2006 ) The Yellow House : Van Gogh , Gauguin , and Nine Turbulent Weeks in Arles , London : Penguin Books , ISBN 0 - 670 - 91497 - 5 . Mathews , Nancy Mowll ( 2001 ) . Paul Gauguin , an Erotic Life . New Haven , Connecticut : Yale University Press , ISBN 0 - 300 - 09109 - 5 Stuckey , Charles . `` Gauguin Inside Art '' in Eric M. Zafran . Ed. , Gauguin 's Nirvana : Painters at Le Pouldu 1889 - 90 . New Haven : Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art , Hartford in association with Yale University Press , 2001 , ISBN 0300089546 . Thomson , Belinda ( 1987 ) . Gauguin . London : Thames and Hudson . ISBN 0 - 500 - 20220 - 6 .
Iodine-131
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Apothecaries' system
The cited book states , `` In almost all cases the modern teacups , tablespoons , dessertspoons , and teaspoons , after careful test by the author , were found to average 25 per cent . greater capacity than the theoretical quantities given above , and thus the use of accurately graduated medicine glasses , which may be had now at a trifling cost , should be insisted upon . ''
Connective tissue
Van Gieson 's stain Masson 's trichrome stain Mallory 's trichrome stain Aniline blue stain Eosin Reticulin stain
The Stanley Hotel
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Quechuan languages
Present Past Future Pluperfect Ñuqa - ni - rqa - ni - saq - sqa - ni Qam - nki - rqa - nki - nki - sqa - nki Pay - n - rqa ( - n ) - nqa - sqa Ñuqanchik - nchik - rqa - nchik - su - nchik - sqa - nchik Ñuqayku - yku - rqa - yku - saq - ku - sqa - yku Qamkuna - nki - chik - rqa - nki - chik - nki - chik - sqa - nki - chik Paykuna - n - ku - rqa - ( n ) ku - nqa - ku - sqa - ku
Funko
Other current product lines include Hikari , Legacy Collection , Fabrikations , Mopeez , and Rock Candy .
Republican Party (United States)
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Rover's Morning Glory
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Java version history
Automatic stub generation for RMI objects Swing : New skinnable look and feel , called synth The concurrency utilities in package java. util. concurrent Scanner class for parsing data from various input streams and buffers
Son (novel)
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Rovers Return Inn
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History of the Miami Marlins
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Western (genre)
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Glow stick
9 , 10 - diphenylanthracene yields blue light 9 , 10 - bis ( phenylethynyl ) anthracene yields green light 1 - chloro - 9 , 10 - bis ( phenylethynyl ) anthracene yields yellow - green light rubrene ( 5 , 6 , 11 , 12 - tetraphenyl naphthacene ) yields yellow light 5 , 12 - bis ( phenylethynyl ) naphthacene yields orange light Rhodamine 6G yields orange light Rhodamine B yields red light
Physics of magnetic resonance imaging
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Battle of Fallen Timbers
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Lynyrd Skynyrd
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Written Chinese
The availability of computerized Chinese dictionaries now makes it possible to look characters up by any of the indexing schemes described , thereby shortening the search process .
Oklahoma
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Blond
`` Blond '' and `` blonde '' are also occasionally used to refer to objects that have a color reminiscent of fair hair . For example , the OED records its use in 19th - century poetic diction to describe flowers , `` a variety of clay ironstone of the coal measures '' , `` the colour of raw silk '' , a breed of ray , lager beer , and pale wood .
Talk:Coleman fuel
80.5. 128.19 ( talk ) 23 : 43 , 20 April 2014 ( UTC )
Jimmie Johnson
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Fair trade
American Apparel BeGood Clothing Champa Craft Cherie Amie Maggie 's Organics MUD Jeans Patagonia Oliberté
Overview of gun laws by nation
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Politics of Ghana
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Acronym
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Insulin
INS Available structures PDB Ortholog search : PDBe RCSB show List of PDB id codes 1A7F , 1AI0 , 1AIY , 1B9E , 1BEN , 1EFE , 1EV3 , 1EV6 , 1EVR , 1FU2 , 1FUB , 1G7A , 1G7B , 1GUJ , 1HIQ , 1HIS , 1HIT , 1HLS , 1HTV , 1HUI , 1IOG , 1IOH , 1J73 , 1JCA , 1JCO , 1K3M , 1KMF , 1LKQ , 1LPH , 1MHI , 1MHJ , 1MSO , 1OS3 , 1OS4 , 1Q4V , 1QIY , 1QIZ , 1QJ0 , 1RWE , 1SF1 , 1SJT , 1SJU , 1T0C , 1T1K , 1T1P , 1T1Q , 1TRZ , 1TYL , 1TYM , 1UZ9 , 1VKT , 1W8P , 1XDA , 1XGL , 1XW7 , 1ZEG , 1ZEH , 1ZNJ , 2AIY , 2C8
Quechuan languages
chay - nuu - pa - chr yachra - nki that - SIM - GEN - CONJ know - 2
Red giant
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