vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Florida Keys
The following are `` transitional keys '' , made of exposed ancient reef surrounded by sand .
Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam
A 2 - storey gopura A 3 - storey gopura A 4 - storey gopura A 13 - storey gopura A 7 - storey gopura
The Twelve Days of Christmas (song)
The time signature of this song is not constant , unlike most popular music . This irregular meter perhaps reflects the song 's folk origin . The introductory lines , such as `` On the twelfth day of Christmas , my true love gave to me '' , are made up of two 4 / 4 bars , while most of the lines naming gifts receive one 3 / 4 bar per gift with the exception of `` Five gold ( en ) rings , '' which receives two 4 / 4 bars , `` Two turtle doves '' getting a 4 / 4 bar with `` And a '' on its fourth beat and `` Partridge in a pear tree '' getting two 4 / 4 bars of music . In most versions , a 4 / 4 bar of music immediately follows `` Partridge in a pear tree . '' `` On the '' is found in that bar on the 4th ( pickup ) beat for the next verse . The successive bars of three for the gifts surrounded by bars of four give the song its hallmark `` hurried '' quality . Flourish
Ashoka
Edict 13 on the Edicts of Ashoka Rock Inscriptions reflect the great remorse the king felt after observing the destruction of Kalinga :
Colossus of Rhodes
While scholars generally agree that anecdotal depictions of the Colossus straddling the harbour 's entry point have no historic or scientific basis , the monument 's actual location remains a matter of debate . The floor of the Fortress of St Nicholas , near the harbour entrance , contains a circle of sandstone blocks of unknown origin or purpose . Curved blocks of marble that were incorporated into the Fortress structure , but are considered too intricately cut to have been quarried for that purpose , have been posited as the remnants of a marble base for the Colossus , which would have stood on the sandstone block foundation . Stone
Cahokia
The Cahokia Woodhenge was a series of large timber circles located roughly 850 metres ( 2,790 ft ) to the west of Monks Mound . They are thought to have been constructed between 900 and 1100 CE ; with each one being larger and having twelve more posts than its predecessor . The site was discovered during salvage archaeology undertaken by Dr. Warren Wittry in the early 1960s interstate highway construction boom . Although the majority of the site contained village house features ; a number of unusually shaped large post holes were also discovered . When the holes were plotted out it was realized that they formed several arcs of equally spaced holes . Detailed analytical work supported the hypothesis that the placement of these posts was by design , and Wittry hypothesized that the arcs could be whole circles . He began referring to the circles as `` woodhenges '' ; comparing the structures to England 's well - known circles at Woodhenge and Stonehenge .
Xhosa language
Xhosa has an inventory of ten vowels : ( a ) , ( ɛ ~ e ) , ( i ) , ( ɔ ~ o ) and ( u ) written as a , e , i , o and u in order , all occurring in both long and short .
Period (periodic table)
Seven periods of elements occur naturally on Earth . For period 8 , which includes elements which may be synthesized after 2016 , see the extended periodic table .
Nickel
Naturally occurring nickel is composed of five stable isotopes ; Ni , Ni , Ni , Ni and Ni , with Ni being the most abundant ( 68.077 % natural abundance ) . Isotopes heavier than Ni can not be formed by nuclear fusion without losing energy .
Battle of Long Island
Stirling ordered all of his troops to cross the creek , except a contingent of Maryland troops under the command of Gist . This group became known to history as the `` Maryland 400 '' , although they numbered about 260 -- 270 men . Stirling and Gist led the troops in a rear - guard action against the overwhelming numbers of British troops , which surpassed 2,000 supported by two cannons . Stirling and Gist led the Marylanders in two attacks against the British , who were in fixed positions in and in front of the Vechte - Cortelyou House ( known today as the Old Stone House ) . After the last assault , the remaining troops retreated across the Gowanus Creek . Some of the men who tried to cross the marsh were bogged down in the mud and under musket fire , and others who could not swim were captured . Stirling was surrounded and , unwilling to surrender , broke through the British lines to von Heister 's Hessians and surrendered to them . Two hundred fifty six Maryland troops were killed in the assaults in front of the Old Stone House , and fewer than a dozen made it back to the American lines . Washington watched from a redoubt on nearby Cobble Hill ( intersection of today 's Court Street and Atlantic Avenue ) and reportedly said , `` Good God , what brave fellows I must this day lose . ''
Hail Mary
The Hail Mary is the essential element of the Rosary , a prayer method in use especially among Roman Rite ( Western ) Catholics . The Eastern Catholic Churches say a similar version . The Rosary consists traditionally of three sets of five Mysteries , each mystery consisting of one `` decade '' or ten Ave Marias . The 150 Ave Marias of the Rosary thus echo the 150 psalms . These meditate upon events of Jesus ' life during his childhood ( Joyful Mysteries ) , Passion ( Sorrowful Mysteries ) , and from his Resurrection onwards ( Glorious Mysteries ) . Another set , the Luminous Mysteries , is of comparatively recent origin , having been proposed by Pope John Paul II in 2002 . Each of these Mysteries is prayed as a decade ( a unit of ten ) , consisting of one Our Father ( Pater Noster or The Lord 's Prayer ) , ten Hail Marys , and one ' Glory Be ' ( Gloria Patri ) ( Doxology ). The repetition of the `` Our Father '' , `` Hail Mary '' , and `` Glory Be '' is conducive to meditation , as several Popes have pointed out , especially Pope Leo XIII . The restatement of the prayers locks one into fixed language , having the effect of freeing the conscious mind so that the recitation may come more from the heart and not the head . During the apparitions at Fatima , Mary placed singular emphasis on the importance of praying the Rosary every day to bring the world to conversion . Pope Paul V said that `` the Rosary is a treasure of graces '' and Sister Lúcia of Fátima explained `` the Rosary helps to preserve that flickering flame of faith that has not yet been completely extinguished from many consciences . Even for those souls who pray without meditating , the simple act of taking the beads in hand to pray is already a remembrance of God -- of the supernatural '' . Lúcia also said `` there is no problem , no matter how difficult it is , whether temporal or above all spiritual , in the personal life of each one of us , of our families , of the families in the world , or of the religious communities , or even of the life of peoples and nations that can not be solved by the Rosary '' .
Sinking of the RMS Titanic
Lucy , Lady Duff - Gordon , recalled after the disaster that `` the very last cry was that of a man who had been calling loudly : ' My God ! My God ! ' He cried monotonously , in a dull , hopeless way . For an entire hour there had been an awful chorus of shrieks , gradually dying into a hopeless moan , until this last cry that I speak of . Then all was silent . '' Lowe and his crew found four men still alive , one of whom died shortly afterwards . Otherwise , all they could see were `` hundreds of bodies and lifebelts '' ; the dead `` seemed as if they had perished with the cold as their limbs were all cramped up '' .
The Twelve Days of Christmas (song)
4 Calling Birds 5 Gold Rings 6 Geese a-Laying 7 Swans a-Swimming 8 Maids a-Milking 9 Ladies Dancing 10 Lords a-Leaping 11 Pipers Piping 12 Drummers Drumming
Cahokia
Additional excavations in the 1960s , 70s , and 80s used predictions based on verified posthole locations and spacing to locate other postholes and confirm the existence of five separate timber circles in the general vicinity . The circles are now designated Woodhenges I through V in Roman numerals . In 1985 a reconstruction of Woodhenge III was built with the posts being placed into the original excavated post positions . The circle , which has 48 posts in the circle and a 49th central post , has been used to investigate archaeoastronomy at Cahokia . The Illinois Historic Preservation Division that oversees the Cahokia site hosts public sunrise observations at the vernal and autumnal equinoxes and the winter and summer solstices . Out of respect for Native American beliefs these events do not feature ceremonies or rituals of any kind .
Carthage
`` ( Carthage ) each day produced one hundred and forty finished shields , three hundred swords , five hundred spears , and one thousand missiles for the catapults ... Furthermore , ( Carthage although surrounded by the Romans ) built one hundred and twenty decked ships in two months ... for old timber had been stored away in readiness , and a large number of skilled workmen , maintained at public expense . ''
Book of Revelation
John of Patmos The angel who reveals the Revelation of Jesus Christ The One who sits on the Throne Twenty - four crowned elders Four living creatures The Lion of Judah who is the seven horned Lamb with seven eyes Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse the souls of those who had been slain for the word of God , each given a white robe Four angels holding the four winds of the Earth The seal - bearer angel ( 144,000 of Israel sealed ) A great multitude from every nation Seven angelic trumpeters The star called Wormwood Angel of Woe Scorpion - tailed Locusts Abaddon Four angels bound to the great river Euphrates Two hundred million lion - headed cavalry The mighty angel of Seven thunders The Two witnesses Beast of the Sea having seven heads and ten horns The woman and her child The Dragon , fiery red with seven heads Saint Michael the Archangel Lamb - horned Beast of the Earth Image of the Beast of the sea Messages of the three angels The angelic reapers and the grapes of wrath Seven plague angels Seven bowls of wrath The False Prophet Whore of Babylon The rider on a white horse The first resurrection and the thousand years Gog and Magog Death and Hades
Recursion (computer science)
At most two recursive calls will be made for any given call to tree_contains as defined above . /
Santiago de Compostela Cathedral
The four pillars of the portico are based on strong foundations which represent various groups of animals and human heads with beards . For some historians , these figures are images of demons and symbolize the weight of glory ( the portico in this case ) crushing sin . Other sources give an apocalyptic interpretation , with wars , famine and death ( represented by the beasts ) with situations that can only be saved by human intelligence ( the heads of older men ) . Side
Nickel
Nickelocene is known ; it has an electron count of 20 , making it relatively unstable . Nickel
Cardinal direction
These eight directional names have been further compounded , resulting in a total of 32 named points evenly spaced around the compass : north ( N ) , north by east ( NbE ) , north - northeast ( NNE ) , northeast by north ( NEbN ) , northeast ( NE ) , northeast by east ( NEbE ) , east - northeast ( ENE ) , east by north ( EbN ) , east ( E ) , etc .
Great Lakes
In August 2007 , the Great Lakes Shipwreck Historical Society announced that it had found the wreckage of Cyprus , a 420 - foot ( 130 m ) long , century - old ore carrier . Cyprus sank during a Lake Superior storm on October 11 , 1907 , during its second voyage while hauling iron ore from Superior , Wisconsin , to Buffalo , New York . The entire crew of 23 drowned , except one , Charles Pitz , who floated on a life raft for almost seven hours .
Easter Island
Easter Island is a volcanic high island , consisting mainly of three extinct coalesced volcanoes : Terevaka ( altitude 507 metres ) forms the bulk of the island , while two other volcanoes , Poike and Rano Kau , form the eastern and southern headlands and give the island its roughly triangular shape . Lesser cones and other volcanic features include the crater Rano Raraku , the cinder cone Puna Pau and many volcanic caves including lava tubes . Poike used to be a separate island until volcanic material from Terevaka united it to the larger whole . The island is dominated by hawaiite and basalt flows which are rich in iron and show affinity with igneous rocks found in the Galápagos Islands .
Trinity
Scripture does not contain the word Trinity , yet , an indication of three distinct persons can be found in 1 John 5 : 7 for the validity of which exist a controversy known as Johannine Comma . Early Christian belief in the deity of Jesus Christ existed since the first century in the writings of John the Apostle . ( John 1 : 1 ) Jesus is also quoted as attesting to being equal with the Father . ( John 10 : 30 )
Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
The Book of Zechariah twice mentions colored horses ; in the first passage there are three colors ( red , speckled / brown , and white ) , and in the second there are four teams of horses ( red , black , white , and finally dappled / `` grisled and bay '' ) pulling chariots . The second set of horses are referred to as `` the four spirits of heaven , going out from standing in the presence of the Lord of the whole world . '' They are described as patrolling the earth , and keeping it peaceful . It may be assumed that when the tribulation begins , the peace is taken away , so their job is to terrify the places in which they patrol .
Iliad
Nostos ( νόστος , `` homecoming '' ) occurs seven times in the poem . Thematically , the concept of homecoming is much explored in Ancient Greek literature , especially in the post-war homeward fortunes experienced by the Atreidae ( Agamemnon and Menelaus ) , and Odysseus ( see the Odyssey ) . Thus , nostos is impossible without sacking Troy -- King Agamemnon 's motive for winning , at any cost .
Michigan
State nicknames : Wolverine State , Great Lake State , Mitten State , Water - Winter Wonderland State motto : Si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice ( Latin : `` If you seek a pleasant peninsula , look about you '' ) adopted in 1835 on the coat - of - arms , but never as an official motto . This is a paraphrase of the epitaph of British architect Sir Christopher Wren about his masterpiece , St. Paul 's Cathedral . State song : `` My Michigan '' ( official since 1937 , but disputed amongst residents ) , `` Michigan , My Michigan '' ( Unofficial state song , since the civil war ) State bird : American robin ( since 1931 ) State animal : wolverine ( traditional ) State game animal : white - tailed deer ( since 1997 ) State fish : brook trout ( since 1965 ) State reptile : painted turtle ( since 1995 ) State fossil : mastodon ( since 2000 ) State flower : apple blossom ( adopted in 1897 , official in 1997 ) State wildflower : dwarf lake iris ( since 1998 ) a federally listed threatened species State tree : white pine ( since 1955 ) State stone : Petoskey stone ( since 1965 ) . It is composed of fossilized coral ( Hexagonaria pericarnata ) from long ago when the middle of the continent was covered with a shallow sea . State gem : Isle Royale greenstone ( since 1973 ) . Also called chlorastrolite ( literally `` green star stone '' ) , the mineral is found on Isle Royale and the Keweenaw peninsula . State quarter : U.S. coin issued in 2004 with the Michigan motto `` Great Lakes State '' . State soil : Kalkaska sand ( since 1990 ) , ranges in color from black to yellowish brown , covers nearly 1,000,000 - acre ( 4,000 km ) in 29 counties .
Agenda 21
Agenda 21 is a 350 - page document divided into 40 chapters that have been grouped into 4 sections :
Colossus of Rhodes
The base pedestal was said to be at least 18 metres ( 59 feet ) in diameter , and either circular or octagonal . The feet were carved in stone and covered with thin bronze plates riveted together . Eight forged iron bars set in a radiating horizontal position formed the ankles and turned up to follow the lines of the legs while becoming progressively smaller . Individually cast curved bronze plates 60 inches ( 1,500 mm ) square with turned - in edges were joined together by rivets through holes formed during casting to form a series of rings . The lower plates were 1 inch ( 25 mm ) in thickness to the knee and 3 / 4 inch thick from knee to abdomen , while the upper plates were 1 / 4 to 1 / 2 inch thick except where additional strength was required at joints such as the shoulder , neck , etc .
Book of Enoch
There is also mention of 59 of 70 shepherds with their own seasons ; there seems to be some debate on the meaning of this section , some suggesting that it is a reference to the 70 appointed times in 25 : 11 , 9 : 2 , and 1 : 12 . Another interpretation is the 70 weeks in Daniel 9 : 24 . However , the general interpretation is that these are simply angels . This section of the book and another section near the end describe the appointment by God of the 70 angels to protect the Israelites from enduring too much harm from the `` beasts and birds '' . The later section ( 110 : 14 ) describes how the 70 angels are judged for causing more harm to Israel than he desired , found guilty , and `` cast into an abyss , full of fire and flaming , and full of pillars of fire . ''
Ranger's Apprentice
The Lost Stories consists of 10 different short stories . It contains a foreword set in July 1896 in Redman County ( Formerly Castle Redmont ) situated in The Republic of Aralan States ( Formerly the medieval Kingdom of Araluen ) where Professor Giles MacFarlane has set up a digging expedition to uncover any important pieces of history . They had unearthed a granite plaque , carved with the likeness of a tusked boar , signifying that the area was once Castle Redmont . In the third season of digging , they had not found anything as important as that first one . The professor was losing hope until one of the young volunteers named Audrey rushed up to him and informed him of a cabin they had found outside the village limits . They discovered a secret compartment in the floor containing an ancient wood and brass chest . The chest contained The Lost Stories of Araluen , which picked up the stories of the Rangers after their return from Nihon - Ja .
Recursion (computer science)
The code above specifies a list of strings to be either empty , or a structure that contains a string and a list of strings . The self - reference in the definition permits the construction of lists of any ( finite ) number of strings .
History of the Isle of Wight
The island has over 240 bronze age burial mounds or round barrows , nearly all on the chalk downs . One plough - damaged barrow on Gallibury Down was excavated during 1979 - 80 and dated to between 1600 - 1400 BCE . There is also evidence from aerial photographs of ring ditches ( the remains of barrows ) on the limestone near Bembridge . The only significant Iron Age find is at Chillerton Down , where there was a hill fort . However three of the Roman villa sites have also produced late Iron Age pottery , which suggests a continuity of occupation .
The Rite of Spring
The duration of the work is about 35 minutes . The score calls for one piccolo , three flutes ( third doubling second piccolo ) , one alto flute , four oboes ( fourth doubling second English horn ) , English horn , three clarinets in B ♭ and A ( third doubling second bass clarinet ) , clarinet in E ♭ and D , one bass clarinet , four bassoons ( fourth doubling second contrabassoon ) , one contrabassoon ; eight horns ( seventh and eighth doubling tenor Wagner tubas ) , trumpet in D , four trumpets in C ( fourth doubling bass trumpet in E ♭ ) , two trombones , one bass trombone , two bass tubas ; a percussion section with 5 timpani ( requiring two players ) , bass drum , tam - tam , triangle , tambourine , cymbals , antique cymbals in A ♭ and B ♭ , güiro ; and strings . Despite the large orchestra , much of the score is written chamber - fashion , with individual instruments and small groups having distinct roles .
Lincoln Memorial
The exterior of the Memorial echoes a classic Greek temple and features Yule marble from Colorado . The structure measures 189.7 by 118.5 feet ( 57.8 by 36.1 m ) and is 99 feet ( 30 m ) tall . It is surrounded by a peristyle of 36 fluted Doric columns , one for each of the 36 states in the Union at the time of Lincoln 's death , and two columns in - antis at the entrance behind the colonnade . The columns stand 44 feet ( 13 m ) tall with a base diameter of 7.5 feet ( 2.3 m ) . Each column is built from 12 drums including the capital . The columns , like the exterior walls and facades , are inclined slightly toward the building 's interior . This is to compensate for perspective distortions which would otherwise make the memorial appear to bulge out at the top when compared with the bottom , a common feature of Ancient Greek architecture . Detail
List of animals of Yellowstone
Yellowstone is home for four species of amphibians . Glacial activity and current cool and dry conditions are likely responsible for their relatively low numbers in Yellowstone .
Trinity
Augustine , in contrast , held that the three visitors to Abraham were the three persons of the Trinity . He saw no indication that the visitors were unequal , as would be the case in Justin 's reading . Then in Genesis 19 , two of the visitors were addressed by Lot in the singular : `` Lot said to them , ' Not so , my lord . ' '' Augustine saw that Lot could address them as one because they had a single substance , despite the plurality of persons .
Red Sea
Fe - montmorillonite , goethite , hematite , siderite , rhodochrosite , pyrite , sphalerite , anhydrite .
Big Ben
The quarter bells play a once - repeating , 20 - note sequence of rounds and four changes in the key of E major : 1 -- 4 at quarter past , 5 -- 12 at half past , 13 -- 20 and 1 -- 4 at quarter to , and 5 -- 20 on the hour ( which sounds 25 seconds before the main bell tolls the hour ) . Because the low bell ( B ) is struck twice in quick succession , there is not enough time to pull a hammer back , and it is supplied with two wrench hammers on opposite sides of the bell . The tune is that of the Cambridge Chimes , first used for the chimes of Great St Mary 's church , Cambridge , and supposedly a variation , attributed to William Crotch , based on violin phrases from the air `` I know that my Redeemer liveth '' in Handel 's Messiah . The notional words of the chime , again derived from Great St Mary 's and in turn an allusion to Psalm 37 : 23 -- 24 , are : `` All through this hour / Lord be my guide / And by Thy power / No foot shall slide '' . They are written on a plaque on the wall of the clock room .