vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Minnesota Twins
Cronin , Goslin , Griffith , Harris , Johnson , Killebrew and Wynn are listed on the Washington Hall of Stars display at Nationals Park ( previously they were listed at Robert F. Kennedy Stadium ) . So are Ossie Bluege , George Case , Joe Judge , George Selkirk , Roy Sievers , Cecil Travis , Mickey Vernon and Eddie Yost .
NBA post-season records
7 by Robert Horry , Los Angeles Lakers at Utah Jazz on May 6 , 1997
2018 NBA Playoffs
TD Garden , Boston , Massachusetts Attendance : 18,624 Referees : Mike Callahan , Brian Forte , Jason Phillips
Demographics of Mexico
Mexican diaspora Americas Belize Canada Chile Costa Rica Cuba Panama United States Uruguay Asia Philippines Europe France Germany Spain United Kingdom
NBA post-season records
29 points - The Los Angeles Lakers overcame a 29 - point deficit to beat the Seattle SuperSonics on May 14 , 1989 . 27 points - The Los Angeles Clippers overcame a 27 - point deficit to beat the Memphis Grizzlies on the road on April 29 , 2012 with less than 2 minutes left in the 3rd quarter .
Tax protester statutory arguments
Under the following tax protester argument , the term `` state '' is used in an international meaning of `` nation '' or `` sovereign . '' The argument is that this meaning refers to the foreign status of each state to every other state including the federal state , under private international law . Under this argument , all court opinions on the subject of states being foreign to each other ( and also to the federal state and possessions ) have upheld this concept , and have distinguished between meanings of foreignness by using the terms private international law and public international law . Under this argument , the latter term deals with the authority the 50 States delegated to the United States government to represent American interests outside of America , grouping all those that are bound by the United States Constitution as one body , relative to those that are not bound , such as France or Britain . Under this argument , the term `` private international law '' signifies the foreignness of the sovereign states , or nations , of the United States system to each other , within the system .
NBA post-season records
15 by Moses Malone , Houston Rockets vs. Washington Bullets on April 21 , 1977 ( OT )
2018 NBA Playoffs
TD Garden , Boston , Massachusetts Attendance : 18,624 Referees : Mike Callahan , Derrick Stafford , Sean Wright
2013 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament
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Lebanon
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Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe
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Mario Party
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Mariana Trench
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Sahara
This article contains Arabic text . Without proper rendering support , you may see question marks , boxes , or other symbols . Play
Seneca Falls Convention
Starting at 11 o'clock , Elizabeth Cady Stanton spoke first , exhorting each woman in the audience to accept responsibility for her own life , and to `` understand the height , the depth , the length , and the breadth of her own degradation . '' Lucretia Mott then spoke , encouraging all to take up the cause . Stanton read the Declaration of Sentiments in its entirety , then re-read each paragraph so that it could be discussed at length , and changes incorporated . The question of whether men 's signatures would be sought for the Declaration was discussed , with the vote looking favorable for including men , but the motion was tabled until the following day when men themselves could participate . The first session adjourned at 2 : 30 p.m.
Chernobyl disaster
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Elections in Canada
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Maryland Toleration Act
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Shofar
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State Board of Equalization (California)
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Salt Lake City
A 2008 study by the magazines Men 's Health and Women 's Health found Salt Lake City to be the healthiest city for women by looking at 38 different factors , including cancer rates , air quality , and the number of gym memberships .
All Woman
Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1991 -- 92 ) Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) 52 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 28 Canada Top Singles ( RPM ) 50 Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) 9 Italy ( Hit Parade ) 16 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 21 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 21 Spain Radio ( PROMUSICAE ) 38 Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 38 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 20 US Billboard Hot 100 56 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) 21 US Hot R&B / Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1992 ) Position Canada Adult Contemporary ( RPM ) 74 Italy ( Hit Parade ) 83 Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) 210 US Hot R&B / Hip - Hop Songs ( Billboard ) 11
Seneca Falls Convention
anthropology archaeology architecture art art criticism literary criticism film theory biology composition studies criminology pathways perspective economics fpda geography international relations constructivism legal theory pedagogy philosophy aesthetics empiricism epistemology ethics justice ethics existentialism metaphysics political ecology political theory pornography psychology revisionist mythology science fiction sex wars sexology sociology technoscience theology thealogy womanist theology By country ( show ) Albania Australia Bangladesh Canada China Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Egypt Ethiopia Finland France Germany Ghana Greece Hong Kong India Indonesia Iran Iraq Republic of Ireland Feminism in Israel Italy Japan Latin America Argentina Brazil Chile Haiti Honduras Mexico Feminism in Paraguay Trinidad and Tobago Lebanon Malaysia Mali Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Nigeria Northern Cyprus Norway Pakistan Philippines Poland Russia Syria South Africa South Korea Sweden Taiwan Thailand Turkey Vietnam Ukraine United Kingdom United States History of women Lists and categories ( show ) Lists Articles Feminists by nationality Literature American feminist literature Feminist comic books Conservative feminisms Countries by women 's average years in school Ecofeminist authors Feminist art critics Feminist economists Feminist philosophers Feminist poets Feminist rhetoricians Jewish feminists Muslim feminists Feminist parties Suffragists and suffragettes Women 's rights activists Women 's studies journals Women 's suffrage organizations Categories Women 's rights by country Feminists by nationality Feminism portal
Hijab
In a 2014 survey of men and women in seven Muslim - majority countries , the Afghan burqa was the preferred form of woman 's dress for 11 % of respondents in Saudi Arabia , 4 % in Iraq , 3 % in Pakistan , 2 % in Lebanon , and 1 % or less in Egypt , Tunisia , and Turkey . The niqab face veil was the preferred option for 63 % of respondents in Saudi Arabia , 32 % in Pakistan , 9 % in Egypt , 8 % in Iraq , and 2 % or less in Lebanon , Tunisia , and Turkey .
Gossip Girl
Merchants , designers and trend consultants say that `` Gossip Girl '' ... is one of the biggest influences on how young women spend . Fans stride into boutiques bearing magazine tear sheets that feature members of the cast and ask for their exact outfits . Or they order scoop - neck tops and hobo bags by following e-commerce links from the show 's Web site . --
Hijab
An opinion poll conducted in 2014 by The University of Michigan 's Institute for Social Research asked residents of seven Muslim - majority countries ( Egypt , Iraq , Lebanon , Tunisia , Turkey , Pakistan , and Saudi Arabia ) which style of women 's dress they considered to be most appropriate in public . The survey found that the headscarf ( in its tightly - or loosely - fitting form ) was chosen by the majority of respondents in Egypt , Iraq , Tunisia and Turkey . In Saudi Arabia 63 % gave preference to the niqab face veil ; in Pakistan the niqab , the full - length chador robe and the headscarf , received about a third of the votes each ; while in Lebanon half of the respondents in the sample ( which included Christians and Druze ) opted for no head covering at all . Muslim
Cigarette
Smoking prevalence by sex ( 2000 ) Percent smoking Region Men Women Africa 29 % 4 % United States 35 % 22 % Eastern Mediterranean 35 % 4 % Europe 46 % 26 % Southeast Asia 44 % 4 % Western Pacific 60 % 8 %
Business
The English word company has its origins in the Old French military term campaign ( first recorded in 1150 ) , meaning a `` body of soldiers '' , and originally from the Late Latin word companio `` companion , one who eats bread ( pane ) with you '' , first attested in the Lex Salica as a calque of the Germanic expression * gahlaibo ( literally , `` with bread '' ) , related to Old High German galeipo `` companion '' and Gothic gahlaiba `` messmate '' . By 1303 , the word referred to trade guilds . Usage of company to mean `` business association '' was first recorded in 1553 , and the abbreviation `` co . '' dates from 1769 .
History of West Africa
The Aro Confederacy was a political union orchestrated by the Igbo subgroup , the Aro people , centered in the Arochukwu Kingdom in present - day south - eastern Nigeria . It was founded at the end of the 16th century , and their influence and presence was across Eastern Nigeria into parts of the Niger Delta and Southern Igala during the 18th and 19th centuries .
Wikipedia:Reference desk/Archives/Entertainment/2012 July 7
( after EC ) The hymn tune is known today as `` Ellacombe '' and is first found in the Wurttemberg Gesangbuch ( 1784 ) , thus predating AAF by a good century . I suspect the bawdy version has its origins around World War 1 but I 've found nothing to back that up , just a hunch . -- TammyMoet ( talk ) 08 : 52 , 7 July 2012 ( UTC ) Right on . The two tunes have identical rhythmic patterns and are close enough melodically that one could easily morph into the other mid-song . Footballers etc are not exactly known for their musical skills , so it 's very easy to see how `` Ellacombe '' could get distorted in Australia to something very similar that they knew better , the tune of Advance Australia Fair . For my money , that 's as good as we 're going to get on the tune . That still leaves the words : who first dreamt them up , under what circumstances , and what was the original version ? -- ♬ Jack of Oz ♬ 09 : 22 , 7 July 2012 ( UTC ) I 've found a couple of mentions of Winston Churchill , upon arrival at Bristol in 1929 ( to take up the position of University Chancellor ) being greeted at Temple Meads station by students singing `` Why was he born so beautiful , why was he born at all ? '' The 1979 Australian film Dimboola included the song to the tune of `` Ellacombe '' at a wedding reception as seen in this you tube clip. -- Melburnian ( talk ) 14 : 22 , 7 July 2012 ( UTC )
Middle Ages
In central and northern Italy and in Flanders , the rise of towns that were to a degree self - governing stimulated economic growth and created an environment for new types of trade associations . Commercial cities on the shores of the Baltic entered into agreements known as the Hanseatic League , and the Italian Maritime republics such as Venice , Genoa , and Pisa expanded their trade throughout the Mediterranean . Great trading fairs were established and flourished in northern France during the period , allowing Italian and German merchants to trade with each other as well as local merchants . In the late 13th century new land and sea routes to the Far East were pioneered , famously described in The Travels of Marco Polo written by one of the traders , Marco Polo ( d . 1324 ) . Besides new trading opportunities , agricultural and technological improvements enabled an increase in crop yields , which in turn allowed the trade networks to expand . Rising trade brought new methods of dealing with money , and gold coinage was again minted in Europe , first in Italy and later in France and other countries . New forms of commercial contracts emerged , allowing risk to be shared among merchants . Accounting methods improved , partly through the use of double - entry bookkeeping ; letters of credit also appeared , allowing easy transmission of money .
Medieval household
The aristocratic society centered on the castle originated , as much of medieval culture in general , in Carolingian France , and from there spread over most of Western Europe . In other parts of Europe , the situation was different . On the northern and western fringes of the continent , society was kin - based rather than feudal , and households were organised correspondingly .
Society of the United States
According to Fischer , the foundation of American culture was formed from four mass migrations from four different regions of the British Isles by four distinct socio - religious groups . New England 's earliest settlement period occurred between 1629 - 1640 when Puritans , mostly from East Anglia in England , settled there , forming the New England regional culture . The next mass migration was of southern English cavaliers and their Irish and Scottish domestic servants to the Chesapeake Bay region between 1640 - 1675 , producing the Southern American culture . Then , between 1675 - 1725 , thousands of Irish , English and German Quakers , led by William Penn , settled in the Delaware Valley .
Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation , formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union , was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution . It was approved , after much debate ( between July 1776 and November 1777 ) , by the Second Continental Congress on November 15 , 1777 , and sent to the states for ratification . The Articles of Confederation came into force on March 1 , 1781 , after being ratified by all 13 states . A guiding principle of the Articles was to preserve the independence and sovereignty of the states . The federal government received only those powers which the colonies had recognized as belonging to king and parliament .
Afrikaans
The Afrikaner religion had stemmed from the Protestant practices of the Reformed church of Holland during the 17th century , later on being influenced in South Africa by British ministries during the 1800s `` Afrikaner '' . South African History Online . South African History Online ( SAHO ) ( online ) . Retrieved 20 October 2017 ... A major landmark in the development of the language was the translation of the whole Bible into Afrikaans . Before this , most Cape Dutch - Afrikaans speakers had to rely on the Dutch Statenbijbel . This Statenvertaling had its origins with the Synod of Dordrecht of 1618 and was thus in an archaic form of Dutch . This was hard for Dutch and Cape Dutch speakers to understand , and increasingly unintelligible for Afrikaans speakers .
Gilded Age
The new American Federation of Labor , headed by Samuel Gompers , found the solution . The AFL was a coalition of unions , each based on strong local chapters ; the AFL coordinated their work in cities and prevented jurisdictional battles . Gompers repudiated socialism and abandoned the violent nature of the earlier unions . The AFL worked to control the local labor market , thereby empowering its locals to obtain higher wages and more control over hiring . As a result , the AFL unions spread to most cities , reaching a peak membership in 1919 .
Articles of Confederation
To transform themselves from outlaws into a legitimate nation , the colonists needed international recognition for their cause and foreign allies to support it . In early 1776 , Thomas Paine argued in the closing pages of the first edition of Common Sense that the `` custom of nations '' demanded a formal declaration of American independence if any European power were to mediate a peace between the Americans and Great Britain . The monarchies of France and Spain in particular could not be expected to aid those they considered rebels against another legitimate monarch . Foreign courts needed to have American grievances laid before them persuasively in a `` manifesto '' which could also reassure them that the Americans would be reliable trading partners . Without such a declaration , Paine concluded , `` ( t ) he custom of all courts is against us , and will be so , until , by an independence , we take rank with other nations . ''
National Football League on television
DuMont Television Network 1951 -- 1955 : Saturday Night Football TNT 1990 -- 1997 : several Sunday night games ( first half of season ) ABC 1948 , 1950 , 1953 -- 1955 : ( NFL ) 1960 -- 1964 : ( AFL ) 1970 -- 2005 : Monday Night Football 2003 -- 2005 : Kickoff game
Flag of France
Many areas in the United States have substantial French - speaking and ancestral communities :
American Pie (song)
Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2000 ) Peak position Australia ( ARIA ) Austria ( Ö3 Austria Top 40 ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 6 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Wallonia ) 7 Canadian Singles ( Nielsen ) European Hot 100 Singles Finland ( Suomen virallinen lista ) France ( SNEP ) 8 Germany ( Official German Charts ) Hungary ( Mahasz ) Iceland ( Íslenski Listinn Topp 40 ) Ireland ( IRMA ) Italy ( FIMI ) Netherlands ( Dutch Top 40 ) Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 6 New Zealand ( Recorded Music NZ ) Norway ( VG - lista ) Romania ( Romanian Top 100 ) Scotland ( Official Charts Company ) Spain ( PROMUSICAE ) Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 29 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) 21 US Adult Top 40 ( Billboard ) 20 US Dance Club Songs ( Billboard ) US Mainstream Top 40 ( Billboard ) 16 Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 2000 ) Position Australia ( ARIA ) 66 Austria ( Ö3 Austria Top 40 ) 32 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 46 Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Wallonia ) 44 France ( SNEP ) 44 Germany ( Official German Charts ) 16 Italy ( FIMI ) 9 Netherlands ( Single Top 100 ) 46 Romania ( Romanian Top 100 ) 50 Sweden ( Sverigetopplistan ) 9 Switzerland ( Schweizer Hitparade ) 11 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 19
Pizza cheese
Significant amounts of pizza cheese are used in Europe , Australia , New Zealand and the United States . Whole milk mozzarella is popular in pizzas in the East and Southwest regions of the U.S. , while one survey showed that Provolone was more popular on the east and west coast . Cheddar may be used more in the Eastern and Southern regions of the U.S. Provel cheese is typically used in the preparation of St. Louis - style pizza in the U.S.
American popular music
The Motown Record Corporation in Detroit , Michigan became successful with a string of heavily pop - influenced soul records , which were palatable enough to white listeners so as to allow R&B and soul to crossover to mainstream audiences . An important center of soul music recording was Florence , Alabama , where the FAME Studios operated . Jimmy Hughes , Percy Sledge and Arthur Alexander recorded at Fame ; later in the 1960s , Aretha Franklin would also record in the area . Fame Studios , often referred to as Muscle Shoals , after a town neighboring Florence , enjoyed a close relationship with Stax , and many of the musicians and producers who worked in Memphis also contributed to recordings done in Alabama .
Michigan
The large majority of Michigan 's population is Caucasian . Americans of European descent live throughout Michigan and most of Metro Detroit . Large European American groups include those of German , British , Irish , Polish and Belgian ancestry . People of Scandinavian descent , and those of Finnish ancestry , have a notable presence in the Upper Peninsula . Western Michigan is known for the Dutch heritage of many residents ( the highest concentration of any state ) , especially in Holland and metropolitan Grand Rapids .
University of Alabama traditions
A Dixieland jazz version of the song appeared on the 1950 Percy Faith album Football Songs ( later re-released as Touchdown ! ) and was played extensively across the state in the 1960s and 1970s as the music bed of radio commercials for sporting goods stores . It was also used as the theme music for The Bear Bryant Show .
American Pie (song)
Weekly charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1971 -- 1972 ) Peak position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) Belgium ( Ultratop 50 Flanders ) 26 Canadian RPM Top Singles Canadian RPM Adult Contemporary Germany ( Official German Charts ) 9 Ireland ( IRMA ) 7 New Zealand Singles Chart Norway ( VG - lista ) 9 UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) US Billboard Hot 100 US Adult Contemporary ( Billboard ) Year - end charts ( edit ) Chart ( 1972 ) Position Australia ( Kent Music Report ) UK Singles ( Official Charts Company ) 11 US Billboard Hot 100
Carambola
The fruit is popular throughout Southeast Asia , the South Pacific , Micronesia , and parts of East Asia . The tree is also cultivated throughout non-indigenous tropical areas .
Midwestern United States
The Midwestern cities of Milwaukee , Cincinnati , St. Louis , and Chicago were favored destinations of German immigrants . By 1900 , the populations of the cities of Cleveland , Milwaukee , Hoboken , and Cincinnati were all more than 40 percent German American . Dubuque and Davenport , Iowa , had even larger proportions ; in Omaha , Nebraska , the proportion of German Americans was 57 percent in 1910 . In many other cities of the Midwest , such as Fort Wayne , Indiana , German Americans were at least 30 percent of the population . Many concentrations acquired distinctive names suggesting their heritage , such as the `` Over-the - Rhine '' district in Cincinnati and `` German Village '' in Columbus , Ohio .
Naming in the United States
Baby name trends change frequently for girls and somewhat less frequently for boys . Boys ' names tend to be more traditional , but Liam , Aiden , Logan , and Jayden , are currently seeing a spike in popularity . One recent trend is place names . Names like London , Brooklyn , Sydney , Alexandria , Paris , and Phoenix are all seeing a spike in popularity as of the 2012 report by the Social Security Administration . Most place names are used for girls , but some are used for boys as well , such as Dallas . Other place names like Kenya , China , and Asia have been used by African Americans for years .