vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Blond
The male figure of the Etruscan sarcophagus known as the Sarcophagus of the Spouses ( Louvre , Paris ) , 520 - 510 BC The goddess Hera ( according to the description on the cup ) ; tondo of an Attic white - ground kylix from Vulci , c. 470 BC Terracotta vase in the shape of Dionysus ' head , c. 410 BC ; on display in the Ancient Agora Museum in Athens , housed in the Stoa of Attalus Pottery vessel of Aphrodite in a shell ; from Attica , Classical Greece , discovered at Phanagoria , Taman Peninsula ( Bosporan Kingdom , southern Russia ) , early 4th century BC , Hermitage Museum , Saint Petersburg Remnants of a statue of Dionysos , Roman copy of a 4th - century BC Greek original , Palatine Museum , Rome An ancient Greek pottery ( terracotta ) figurine from Taras ( modern Taranto ) , Magna Graecia , Altes Museum A red - figure pottery ( terracotta ) `` kerch '' style lekythos depicting a nymph and satyr playing a game of knucklebones , with two Eros figures ( standing between Aphrodite ) offering laurel wreaths of victory too the nymph and to a youth , c. 350 BC A mosaic of the Kasta Tomb in Amphipolis depicting the abduction of Persephone by Pluto , 4th century BC A youth pours a libation to a dead man sitting in a naiskos ; from an Apulian red - figure volute - krater pelike , 340 -- 320 BC Stag Hunt Mosaic , possibly depicting Alexander the Great , Pella , Greece , 4th century BC .
Banksy
On 18 February , BBC News reported that a recent Banksy mural , known as the Slave Labour mural portraying a young child sewing Union Flag bunting ( created around the time of the Diamond Jubilee of Elizabeth II ) had been removed from the side of a Poundland store in Wood Green , north London , and soon appeared for sale in Fine Art Auctions Miami 's catalogue ( a US auction site based in Florida ) . News of this has reportedly caused `` lots of anger '' in the local community and is considered by some to be a theft . Fine Art Auctions Miami has rejected claims of theft , saying it had signed a contract with a `` well - known collector '' and that `` everything was above board '' ; despite this , the local Councillor for Wood Green is campaigning for the work 's return .
Elgin Marbles
As early as 1838 , scientist Michael Faraday was asked to provide a solution to the problem of the deteriorating surface of the marbles . The outcome is described in the following excerpt from the letter he sent to Henry Milman , a commissioner for the National Gallery .
Vinegar
Vinegar has been made and used by people for thousands of years . Traces of it have been found in Egyptian urns from around 3000 BC .
Ocean color
There are other substances that may be found dissolved in the water that can also absorb light . Since these substances are usually composed of organic carbon , researchers generally refer to these substances as colored dissolved organic matter .
Maple syrup
Buckets began to be replaced with plastic bags , which allowed people to see at a distance how much sap had been collected . Syrup producers also began using tractors to haul vats of sap from the trees being tapped ( the sugarbush ) to the evaporator . Some producers adopted motor - powered tappers and metal tubing systems to convey sap from the tree to a central collection container , but these techniques were not widely used . Heating methods also diversified : modern producers use wood , oil , natural gas , propane , or steam to evaporate sap . Modern filtration methods were perfected to prevent contamination of the syrup . Two
Elgin Marbles
The issue of firmans of this nature , along with universally required bribes , was not unusual at this time : In 1801 for example , Edward Clarke and his assistant Cripps , obtained an authorisation from the governor of Athens for the removal of a statue of Demeter which was at Eleusis , with the intervention of Italian artist Giovanni Lusieri who was Lord Elgin 's assistant at the time . Prior to Clarke , the statue had been discovered in 1676 by the traveller George Wheler and since then several ambassadors had submitted unsuccessful applications for its removal , but Clarke had been the one to remove the statue by force , after bribing the waiwode of Athens and obtaining a firman , despite the objections and a riot , of the local population who unofficially , and against the traditions of the iconoclastic Church , worshiped the statue as the uncanonised Saint Demetra ( Greek : Αγία Δήμητρα ) . The people would adorn the statue with garlands , and believed that the goddess was able to bring fertility to their fields and that the removal of the statue would cause that benefit to disappear . Clarke also removed other marbles from Greece such as a statue of Pan , a figure of Eros , a comic mask , various reliefs and funerary stelæ , amongst others . Clarke donated these to the University of Cambridge and subsequently in 1803 the statue of Demeter was displayed at the library . The collection was later moved to the Fitzwilliam Museum where it formed one of the two main collections of the institution .
Haiku
inazuma no 稲妻 の kaina wo karan 腕 を 借 らん kusamakura 草枕 lend me your arms , fast as thunderbolts , for a pillow on my journey .
USS Maine (ACR-1)
The Maine had been outfitted with Worthington steam pumps . Although lying on the bottom of Havana Harbor for fourteen years these pumps were found to be still operational , and were subsequently used to raise the ship . USS
Albuquerque, New Mexico
The Sandia foothills , on the west side of the mountains , have soils derived from that same rock material with varying sizes of decomposed granite , mixed with areas of clay and caliche ( a calcium carbonate deposit common in the arid southwestern USA ) , along with some exposed granite bedrock .
Manhattan Project
As at Oak Ridge , the most difficulty was encountered while canning the uranium slugs , which commenced at Hanford in March 1944 . They were pickled to remove dirt and impurities , dipped in molten bronze , tin , and aluminum - silicon alloy , canned using hydraulic presses , and then capped using arc welding under an argon atmosphere . Finally , they were subjected to a series of tests to detect holes or faulty welds . Disappointingly , most canned slugs initially failed the tests , resulting in an output of only a handful of canned slugs per day . But steady progress was made and by June 1944 production increased to the point where it appeared that enough canned slugs would be available to start Reactor B on schedule in August 1944 .
Statue of Liberty
In 1984 , the statue was closed to the public for the duration of the renovation . Workers erected the world 's largest free - standing scaffold , which obscured the statue from view . Liquid nitrogen was used to remove layers of paint that had been applied to the interior of the copper skin over decades , leaving two layers of coal tar , originally applied to plug leaks and prevent corrosion . Blasting with baking soda powder removed the tar without further damaging the copper . The restorers ' work was hampered by the asbestos - based substance that Bartholdi had used -- ineffectively , as inspections showed -- to prevent galvanic corrosion . Workers within the statue had to wear protective gear , dubbed `` moon suits '' , with self - contained breathing circuits . Larger holes in the copper skin were repaired , and new copper was added where necessary . The replacement skin was taken from a copper rooftop at Bell Labs , which had a patina that closely resembled the statue 's ; in exchange , the laboratory was provided some of the old copper skin for testing . The torch , found to have been leaking water since the 1916 alterations , was replaced with an exact replica of Bartholdi 's unaltered torch . Consideration was given to replacing the arm and shoulder ; the National Park Service insisted that they be repaired instead . The original torch was removed and replaced in 1986 with the current one , whose flame is covered in 24 - carat gold . The torch reflects the sun 's rays in daytime and is lighted by floodlights at night . Liberty
Pluto (mythology)
Within the Pythagorean and Neoplatonic traditions , Pluto was allegorized as the region where souls are purified , located between the moon ( as represented by Persephone ) and the sun . Neoplatonists sometimes interpreted the Eleusinian Mysteries as a fabula of celestial phenomena :
Lundy
In 1957 a message in a bottle from one of the seamen of the HMS Caledonia was washed ashore between Babbacombe and Peppercombe in Devon . The letter , dated 15 August 1843 read : `` Dear Brother , Please e God i be with y against Michaelmas . Prepare y search Lundy for y Jenny ivories . Adiue William , Odessa '' . The bottle and letter are on display at the Portledge Hotel at Fairy Cross , in Devon , England . The Jenny was a three - masted schooner reputed to be carrying ivory and gold dust that was wrecked on Lundy ( at a place thereafter called Jenny 's Cove ) on 20 February 1797 . The ivory was apparently recovered some years later but the leather bags supposed to contain gold dust were never found .
Mark and recapture
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Siege of Yorktown
By October 5 , Washington was almost ready to open the first parallel . That night the sappers and miners worked , putting strips of pine on the wet sand to mark the path of the trenches .
Ancient Egypt
By the Second Dynasty at latest , ancient Egyptian trade with Byblos yielded a critical source of quality timber not found in Egypt . By the Fifth Dynasty , trade with Punt provided gold , aromatic resins , ebony , ivory , and wild animals such as monkeys and baboons . Egypt relied on trade with Anatolia for essential quantities of tin as well as supplementary supplies of copper , both metals being necessary for the manufacture of bronze . The ancient Egyptians prized the blue stone lapis lazuli , which had to be imported from far - away Afghanistan . Egypt 's Mediterranean trade partners also included Greece and Crete , which provided , among other goods , supplies of olive oil . In exchange for its luxury imports and raw materials , Egypt mainly exported grain , gold , linen , and papyrus , in addition to other finished goods including glass and stone objects .
Planck's law
In 1858 , Balfour Stewart described his experiments on the thermal radiative emissive and absorptive powers of polished plates of various substances , compared with the powers of lamp - black surfaces , at the same temperature . Stewart chose lamp - black surfaces as his reference because of various previous experimental findings , especially those of Pierre Prevost and of John Leslie . He wrote `` Lamp - black , which absorbs all the rays that fall upon it , and therefore possesses the greatest possible absorbing power , will possess also the greatest possible radiating power . ''
Money for Nothing (song)
This article contains a list of miscellaneous information . Please relocate any relevant information into other sections or articles . ( February 2017 )
Polygonum perfoliatum
Polygonum perfoliatum contains phenylpropanoid esters such as 6 ' - acetyl - 3 , 6 - diferuloylsucrose ( helonioside B ) , 2 ' , 4 ' , 6 ' - triacetyl - 3 , 6 - diferuloylsucrose , 1 , 2 ' , 4 ' , 6 ' - tetraacetyl - 3 , 6 - diferuloylsucrose , 1 , 2 ' , 6 ' - triacetyl - 3 , 6 - diferuloylsucrose , 2 ' , 6 ' - diacetyl - 3 , 6 - diferuloylsucrose , 1 , 3 , 6 - tri-p - coumaroyl - 6 ' - feruloylsucroses , vanicoside A and vanicoside B .
Llano Uplift
Possible reworked Middle Ordovician conodonts ( Chirognathus ) have been found in younger strata and a pocket of Upper Ordovician limestone , the Burnam Limestone , is preserved in a collapse structure in Burnet County . The reworked conodonts and the Burnam Limestone indicate that that the region of the Llano Uplift was likely either partially and briefly submerged during the Middle and Upper Ordovician only to have the sediments deposited during these inundations removed by later erosion .
Lundy
By the 1980s the eastern side of the island had become overgrown by rhododendrons ( Rhododendron ponticum ) which had spread from a few specimens planted in the garden of Millcombe House in Victorian times , but eradication of this non-native plant has been undertaken by volunteers over the past fifteen years in an operation known on the island as `` rhody - bashing '' . The vegetation on the plateau is mainly dry heath , with an area of waved Calluna heath towards the northern end of the island , which is also rich in lichens , such as Teloschistes flavicans and several species of Cladonia and Parmelia .
National Convention
All material resources were subjected to requisitioning . Farmers surrendered their grain , fodder , wool , flax , and hemp . Artisans and merchants gave up their manufactured products . Raw materials were carefully sought out -- metal of all kinds , church bells , old paper , rags and parchments , grasses , brushwood , and even household ashes for manufacturing of potassium salts , and chestnuts for distilling . All businesses were placed at the disposal of the nation -- forests , mines , quarries , furnaces , forges , tanneries , paper mills , large cloth factories and shoe making workshops . The labor of men and the value of things were subject to price controls . No one had a right to speculate at the cost of Patrie while it was in danger . Armaments caused more concern . As early as September 1793 efforts were made to create a large factory in Paris for rifles and sidearms . A special appeal was made to scientists . Monge , Vandermonde , Berthollet , Darcet , Fourcroy perfected metallurgy and manufacture of arms .
Mycenaean Greece
Trade over vast areas of the Mediterranean was essential for the economy of Mycenaean Greece . The Mycenaean palaces imported raw materials , such as metals , ivory and glass , and exported processed commodities and objects made from these materials , in addition to local products : oil , perfume , wine , wool and pottery . International trade of that time was not only conducted by palatial emissaries but also by independent merchants .
Desert
Deserts contain substantial mineral resources , sometimes over their entire surface , giving them their characteristic colors . For example , the red of many sand deserts comes from laterite minerals . Geological processes in a desert climate can concentrate minerals into valuable deposits . Leaching by ground water can extract ore minerals and redeposit them , according to the water table , in concentrated form . Similarly , evaporation tends to concentrate minerals in desert lakes , creating dry lake beds or playas rich in minerals . Evaporation can concentrate minerals as a variety of evaporite deposits , including gypsum , sodium nitrate , sodium chloride and borates . Evaporites are found in the USA 's Great Basin Desert , historically exploited by the `` 20 - mule teams '' pulling carts of borax from Death Valley to the nearest railway . A desert especially rich in mineral salts is the Atacama Desert , Chile , where sodium nitrate has been mined for explosives and fertilizer since around 1850 . Other desert minerals are copper from Chile , Peru , and Iran , and iron and uranium in Australia . Many other metals , salts and commercially valuable types of rock such as pumice are extracted from deserts around the world .
Washington quarter
As part of the series , the Mint sold collector 's versions in proof , including pieces struck in . 900 silver . The Mint also sold a large number of numismatic items , including rolls and bags of coins , collector 's maps , and other items designed to encourage coin collecting among the general public . The Mint estimated that the government profited by $3 billion through seignorage on coins saved by the public and through other revenues , over what it would otherwise have earned .
Triangular trade
The first leg of the triangle was from a European port to Africa , in which ships carried supplies for sale and trade , such as copper , cloth , trinkets , slave beads , guns and ammunition . When the ship arrived , its cargo would be sold or bartered for slaves . On the second leg , ships made the journey of the Middle Passage from Africa to the New World . Many slaves died of disease in the crowded holds of the slave ships . Once the ship reached the New World , enslaved survivors were sold in the Caribbean or the American colonies . The ships were then prepared to get them thoroughly cleaned , drained , and loaded with export goods for a return voyage , the third leg , to their home port , from the West Indies the main export cargoes were sugar , rum , and molasses ; from Virginia , tobacco and hemp . The ship then returned to Europe to complete the triangle .
Methanogen
Some scientists have proposed that the presence of methane in the Martian atmosphere may be indicative of native methanogens on that planet .
Dominican Republic–Haiti relations
Raeside , Rob , ed . `` Haiti : Historical Flags '' . Flags of the World . OCLC 39626054 . Archived from the original on 2015 - 09 - 28 . Jump up ^ Gates , Henry Louis ; Appiah , Anthony ( 1999 ) . `` Dominican - Haitian Relations '' . Africana : The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience . Retrieved 2007 - 12 - 24 . Jump up ^ Terrenos comuneros arose because of `` scarce population , low value of the land , the absence of officials qualified to survey the lands , and the difficulty of dividing up the ranch in such a way that each would receive a share of the grasslands , forests , streams , palm groves , and small agricultural plots that , only when combined , made possible the exploitation of the ranch . '' ( Hoetink , The Dominican People : Notes for a Historical Sociology transl . Stephen Ault Pg. 83 ( Johns Hopkins Press : Baltimore , 1982 ) Jump up ^ The members of La Trinitaria . Jump up ^ Dominican War of Independence Jump up ^ Haitian occupation of Santo Domingo Jump up ^ Moya , Pons Frank . 1977 . Historia Colonial de Santo Domingo . 3rd ed . Santiago : Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra . Jump up ^ Dove , Rita ( 1997 ) . `` Writing ' Parsley ' '' . In Pack , Robert ; Parini , Jay . Introspections : American Poets on One of Their Own Poems . Bread Loaf Anthology ( 1st ed . ) . Middlebury , Vermont : Middlebury College Press . p. 78 . ISBN 978 - 0 - 87451 - 773 - 6 . LCCN 97 - 19542 . OCLC 36842447 . On October 2 , 1937 , ( Raphael ) Trujillo had ordered 20,000 Haitian cane workers executed because they could not roll the ' R ' in perejil , the Spanish word for parsley . Jump up ^ Cambeira , Alan ( 1996 ) . `` The Era of Trujillo : 1930 -- 1961 '' . Quisqueya la Bella : The Dominican Republic in Historical and Cultural Perspective .
Holy Chalice
The Chalice of Doña Urraca is an artifact kept in the Basilica of San Isidoro in León , Spain . The connection of this artifact to the Holy Grail was made in the 2014 book Los Reyes del Grial , which develops the hypothesis that this artifact had been taken by Egyptian troops following the invasion of Jerusalem and the looting of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , then given by the Emir of Egypt to the Emir of Denia , who in the 11th century gave it to the Kings of Leon in order for them to spare his city in the Reconquista .
Blond
410 BC ; on display in the Ancient Agora Museum in Athens , housed in the Stoa of Attalus Pottery vessel of Aphrodite in a shell ; from Attica , Classical Greece , discovered at Phanagoria , Taman Peninsula ( Bosporan Kingdom , southern Russia ) , early 4th century BC , Hermitage Museum , Saint Petersburg Remnants of a statue of Dionysos , Roman copy of a 4th - century BC Greek original , Palatine Museum , Rome An ancient Greek pottery ( terracotta ) figurine from Taras ( modern Taranto ) , Magna Graecia , Altes Museum A red - figure pottery ( terracotta ) `` kerch '' style lekythos depicting a nymph and satyr playing a game of knucklebones , with two Eros figures ( standing between Aphrodite ) offering laurel wreaths of victory too the nymph and to a youth , c. 350 BC A mosaic of the Kasta Tomb in Amphipolis depicting the abduction of Persephone by Pluto , 4th century BC A youth pours a libation to a dead man sitting in a naiskos ; from an Apulian red - figure volute - krater pelike , 340 -- 320 BC Stag Hunt Mosaic , possibly depicting Alexander the Great , Pella , Greece , 4th century BC . Alexander the Great ( left ) , wearing a kausia and fighting an Asiatic lion with his friend Craterus ( detail ) ; late 4th - century BC mosaic from Pella Female acrobat shooting an arrow with a bow in her feet ; Gnathia style pelike ; 4th century BC A lekythos bottle in the Gnathia style depicting the winged goddess of victory , Nike , armed and dancing Gnathia ware , southern Italy ( Magna Graecia ) , Apulian vase painting , 310 - 260 BC , Kinský Palace ( Prague ) Apulian red - figure Oinochoe with Lid by the Ganymed Painter ( Oinochoe ) and Armidale Painter ( Lid ) : head in a calyx between tendrils . About 340 - 310 BC . Antikensammlung Kiel . Detail of a krater with volutes in terracotta ; Greek art from Southern Italy , c. 330 - 320 BC . Two women bringing offerings to the dead woman sitting in a naiskos .
Space Shuttle retirement
Hardware developed for the Space Shuttle met various ends with conclusion of the program , including donation , disuse and / or disposal , or reuse . An example of reuse , is that one of the three Multi-Purpose Logistics Module ( MPLM ) was converted to a permanent module for the International Space Station .
Indian Rebellion of 1857
In the UK and parts of the Commonwealth it is commonly called the `` Indian Mutiny '' , but terms such as `` Great Indian Mutiny '' , the `` Sepoy Mutiny '' , the `` Sepoy Rebellion '' , the `` Sepoy War '' , the `` Great Mutiny '' , the `` Rebellion of 1857 '' , `` the Uprising '' , the `` Mahomedan Rebellion '' , and the `` Revolt of 1857 '' have also been used . `` The Indian Insurrection '' was a name used in the press of the UK and British colonies at the time .
Causes of the Indian Rebellion of 1857
Jump up ^ https://www.academia.edu/7205642/The_Greased_Cartridge_Affair_Re-Examining_the_Pattern_1853_Enfield_Cartridge_and_Its_Role_in_the_Indian_Mutiny_of_1857 Jump up ^ National Army Museum Jump up ^ Priyadarshini , S. `` History of India '' . HistoryDiscussion.Net . Retrieved 10 February 2016 . Jump up ^ Nayar , Pramod ( 2005 ) . 1857 Reader . Penguin . p. 4 . ^ Jump up to : Dalrymple ( 2006 ) , pp. 22 -- 23 Jump up ^ Dalrymple ( 2006 ) , p. 153 Jump up ^ Stokes ( 1973 ) Jump up ^ Achyut Yagnik ( 24 August 2005 ) . Shaping Of Modern Gujarat . Penguin Books Limited . pp. 105 -- 109 . ISBN 978 - 81 - 8475 - 185 - 7 . Jump up ^ Mason , Philip ( 1974 ) , pages 203 - 204 A Matter of Honour `` , London : Holt , Rhinehart & Winston , ISBN 0 - 03 - 012911 - 7 Jump up ^ Mason , Philip ( 1974 ) , page 190 `` A Matter of Honour '' , London : Holt , Rhinehart & Winston , ISBN 0 - 03 - 012911 - 7 Jump up ^ Mason , Philip ( 1974 ) , page 225 `` A Matter of Honour '' , London : Holt , Rhinehart & Winston , ISBN 0 - 03 - 012911 - 7 Jump up ^ Alavi ( 1998 ) , p. 5 Jump up ^ Mason , Philip ( 1974 ) , page 226 `` A Matter of Honour '' , London : Holt , Rhinehart & Winston , ISBN 0 - 03 - 012911 - 7 Jump up ^ Edwardes , p.