vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Cardinal direction
The position of the Sun in the sky can be used for orientation if the general time of day is known . In the morning the Sun rises roughly in the east ( due east only on the equinoxes ) and tracks upwards . In the evening it sets in the west , again roughly and only due west exactly on the equinoxes . In the middle of the day it is to the south for viewers in the Northern Hemisphere , who live north of the Tropic of Cancer , and the north for those in the Southern Hemisphere , who live south of the Tropic of Capricorn . This method does not work very well when closer to the equator ( i.e. between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn ) since , in the northern hemisphere , the sun may be directly overhead or even to the north in summer . Conversely , at low latitudes in the southern hemisphere the sun may be to the south of the observer in summer . In these locations , one needs first to determine whether the sun is moving from east to west through north or south by watching its movements -- left to right means it is going through south while right to left means it is going through north ; or one can watch the sun 's shadows . If they move clockwise , the sun will be in the south at midday , and if they move anticlockwise , then the sun will be in the north at midday .
Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Katrina 2005 Atlantic hurricane season General Timeline Meteorological history Tornado outbreak Preparations New Orleans preparedness Impact Economic effects Political effects Criticism of government response Social effects Effects by region Effects on Florida Effects on Mississippi Effects on New Orleans Levee failures New Orleans Hornets New Orleans Saints Superdome Tulane University Infrastructure repairs Reconstruction Relief Disaster relief International response Analysis Global warming Media coverage External links Media related to Hurricane Katrina at Wikimedia Commons News related to Katrina stories at Wikinews Works related to Katrina sources at Wikisource
Timeline of Hurricane Katrina
Hurricane Katrina 2005 Atlantic hurricane season General Timeline Meteorological history Tornado outbreak Preparations New Orleans preparedness Impact Economic effects Political effects Criticism of government response Social effects Effects by region Effects on Florida Effects on Mississippi Effects on New Orleans Levee failures New Orleans Hornets New Orleans Saints Superdome Tulane University Infrastructure repairs Reconstruction Relief Disaster relief International response Analysis Global warming Media coverage External links Media related to Hurricane Katrina at Wikimedia Commons News related to Katrina stories at Wikinews Works related to Katrina sources at Wikisource
Atlantic hurricane season
NOTE : In the following tables , all estimates of damage costs are expressed in contemporaneous US dollars ( USD ) .
Hurricane Katrina
Shortly after the hurricane moved away on August 30 , 2005 , some residents of New Orleans who remained in the city began looting stores . Many were in search of food and water that were not available to them through any other means , as well as non-essential items . Additionally , there were reports of carjacking , murders , thefts and rapes in New Orleans . Some sources later determined that many of the reports were inaccurate , greatly exaggerated or completely false , leading news agencies to print retractions .
Southern Ocean
Sailors know latitudes from 40 to 70 degrees south as the `` Roaring Forties '' , `` Furious Fifties '' and `` Shrieking Sixties '' due to high winds and large waves that form as winds blow around the entire globe unimpeded by any land - mass . Icebergs , especially in May to October , make the area even more dangerous . The remoteness of the region makes sources of search and rescue scarce .
Effects of Hurricane Wilma in Florida
Orange juice futures reached the highest level in six years on Wednesday , October 19 , closing up 2.9 cents at $ 1.118 per pound due to the storm 's expected damage to orange trees which would have compounded problems caused the previous year by Hurricanes Charley , Frances and Jeanne . As dynamic models moved the storm 's track east over Florida , oil futures eased as worries of another direct hit on the oil producing regions of the Gulf of Mexico subsided . There were many robberies reported .
Tropical cyclone
Setting W i n = W o u t ( \ displaystyle W_ ( in ) = W_ ( out ) ) and taking u ≈ v ( \ displaystyle \ mathbf ( u ) \ approx v ) ( i.e. the rotational wind speed is dominant ) leads to the solution for v p ( \ displaystyle v_ ( p ) ) given above . This derivation assumes that total energy input and loss within the system can be approximated by their values at the radius of maximum wind . The inclusion of Q i n : f r i c t i o n ( \ displaystyle Q_ ( in : friction ) ) acts to multiply the total heat input rate by the factor T s T o ( \ displaystyle ( \ frac ( T_ ( s ) ) ( T_ ( o ) ) ) ) . Mathematically , this has the effect of replacing T s ( \ displaystyle T_ ( s ) ) with T o ( \ displaystyle T_ ( o ) ) in the denominator of the Carnot efficiency .
Forecasting
Some forecasting methods try to identify the underlying factors that might influence the variable that is being forecast . For example , including information about climate patterns might improve the ability of a model to predict umbrella sales . Forecasting models often take account of regular seasonal variations . In addition to climate , such variations can also be due to holidays and customs : for example , one might predict that sales of college football apparel will be higher during the football season than during the off season .
North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball
NCAA Men 's Division I Basketball Tournament Consecutive Appearances Most All time Final Four Appearances
Tropical cyclone
Q i n : f r i c t i o n = C d ρ u 3 ( \ displaystyle Q_ ( in : friction ) = C_ ( d ) \ rho \ mathbf ( u ) ^ ( 3 ) )
Season
The timing and feel of the seasons has been noted as having changed due to the current trends in climate change .
Taiga
Evergreen species in the taiga ( spruce , fir , and pine ) have a number of adaptations specifically for survival in harsh taiga winters , although larch , which is extremely cold - tolerant , is deciduous . Taiga trees tend to have shallow roots to take advantage of the thin soils , while many of them seasonally alter their biochemistry to make them more resistant to freezing , called `` hardening '' . The narrow conical shape of northern conifers , and their downward - drooping limbs , also help them shed snow .
Climate of Florida
Florida has experienced 12 major freezes . This includes four `` impact '' freezes , sufficiently severe to kill entire groves of citrus trees , resulting in a noticeable economic effect on citrus growers , prompting them to t groves further south in the state . These impact freezes are indicated by asterisks in the following : Great Freeze of 1894 - 5 * , February 13 -- 14 , 1899 , February 2 -- 6 , 1917 , December 12 -- 13 , 1934 , January 1940 , December 12 -- 13 , 1957 , December 12 -- 13 , 1962 * , January 18 -- 20 , 1977 , January 12 -- 14 , 1981 , December 24 -- 25 , 1983 * , January 20 -- 22 , 1985 , and December 22 -- 26 , 1989 * .
North America
Volcanic eruptions are common in the region . In 1968 the Arenal Volcano , in Costa Rica , erupted and killed 87 people . Fertile soils from weathered volcanic lavas have made it possible to sustain dense populations in the agriculturally productive highland areas .
Alice Springs
Arrernte country is rich with mountain ranges , waterholes and gorges , which create a variety of natural habitats . According to the Arrernte traditional stories , in the desert surrounding Alice Springs , the landscape was shaped by caterpillars , wild dogs , travelling boys , two sisters , euros and other ancestral figures . Alice
List of volcanoes in the United States
Name Elevation Location Last eruption meters feet Coordinates Pawtuckaway Mountains - - 43 ° 06 ′ 39 '' N 71 ° 11 ′ 11 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 43.11083 ° N 71.18639 ° W ﻿ / 43.11083 ; - 71.18639 ﻿ ( Pawtuckaway Mountains ) Cretaceous Ossipee Mountains - - 43 ° 44 ′ 37 '' N 71 ° 16 ′ 26 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 43.74361 ° N 71.27389 ° W ﻿ / 43.74361 ; - 71.27389 ﻿ ( Ossipee Mountains ) Cretaceous
Alaska
Coordinates : 64 ° N 150 ° W ﻿ / ﻿ 64 ° N 150 ° W ﻿ / 64 ; - 150
Catalonia
Pyrenees Pre-Pyrenees Catalan Central Depression Smaller mountain ranges of the Central Depression Catalan Transversal Range Catalan Pre-Coastal Range Catalan Coastal Range Catalan Coastal Depression and other coastal and pre-coastal plains Central
Los Angeles County, California
Angeles National Forest ( part ) Los Padres National Forest ( part ) Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area ( part )
Midwestern United States
Western Pennsylvania , which contains the cities of Erie and Pittsburgh , plus the Western New York cities of Buffalo and possibly Rochester , share history with the Midwest , but overlap with Appalachia and the Northeast as well .
O Brother, Where Art Thou?
The use of dirges and other macabre songs is a theme that often recurs in Appalachian music ( `` O Death '' , `` Lonesome Valley '' , `` Angel Band '' , `` I Am Weary '' ) in contrast to bright , cheerful songs ( `` Keep On the Sunny Side '' , `` In the Highways '' ) in other parts of the film .
Mount Rainier
Hiking , backcountry skiing , photography , and camping are popular in the park . Hiking trails , including the Wonderland Trail -- a 93 - mile or 150 - kilometre circumnavigation of the peak -- provide access to the backcountry . Mount Rainier is also popular for winter sports , including snowshoeing and cross-country skiing .
Atlas Mountains
Atlas Mountains Toubkal Mountain in Toubkal National Park in the High Atlas , Morocco Highest point Peak Toubkal , Morocco Elevation 4,167 m ( 13,671 ft ) Coordinates 31 ° 03 ′ 43 '' N 07 ° 54 ′ 58 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 31.06194 ° N 7.91611 ° W ﻿ / 31.06194 ; - 7.91611 Coordinates : 31 ° 03 ′ 43 '' N 07 ° 54 ′ 58 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 31.06194 ° N 7.91611 ° W ﻿ / 31.06194 ; - 7.91611 Geography Location of the Atlas Mountains ( red ) across North Africa Countries Morocco , Algeria and Tunisia Geology Age of rock Precambrian
Environmental impact of mining
Burning the Future : Coal in America Coal River Mountain Top Removal Moving Mountains : How One Woman and Her Community Won Justice From Big Coal Tar Creek Trou story
Los Angeles County, California
Ridge Route Angeles National Forest Mount Wilson Observatory Malibu Creek State Park Vasquez Rocks Natural Area Park Plant 42 's Blackbird Airpark and Heritage Airpark Antelope Valley California Poppy Reserve Cortes Bank Santa Catalina Island Mojave Desert Saddleback Butte State Park Antelope Valley Indian Museum State Historic Park Arthur B. Ripley Desert Woodland State Park
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Below the foothills , the area usually called the `` Northeast Heights '' consists of a mix of clay and caliche soils , overlaying a layer of decomposed granite , resulting from long - term outwash of that material from the adjacent mountains . This bajada is quite noticeable when driving into Albuquerque from the north or south , due to its fairly uniform slope from the mountains ' edge downhill to the valley . Sand hills are scattered along the I - 25 corridor and directly above the Rio Grande Valley , forming the lower end of the Heights .
Catalonia
The Catalan Mediterranean system is based on two ( more or less ) parallel ranges to the coast , in a Northwest direction towards the Southwest . These two mountain ranges are the Coastal and the Pre-Coastal . The Coastal Range is minor extent and it has lower altitudes , while the Pre-Coastal is larger in both length and height . The most relevant mountains of this area are Montserrat , Montseny and Ports . Within the ranges are a series of plains , the entities over which form the Coastal and the Pre-Coastal Depressions . The Coastal Depression is located on the East of the Coastal Range towards the coast . The Pre-Coastal , on the other hand , is located in the interior , between the two mountain ranges , and constitutes the basis of the plains of Vallès and Penedès .
List of volcanoes in the United States
Name Elevation Location Last eruption meters feet Coordinates Yellowstone caldera 2,805 9,203 44 ° 26 ′ N 110 ° 40 ′ W ﻿ / ﻿ 44.43 ° N 110.67 ° W ﻿ / 44.43 ; - 110.67 ﻿ ( Yellowstone caldera ) 70,000 years ago ( magmatic ) / 1350 BC ± 200 years ( hydrothermal )
Eric Northman
This article describes a work or element of fiction in a primarily in - universe style . Please help rewrite it to explain the fiction more clearly and provide non-fictional perspective . ( September 2010 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message )
Mount Rainier
Mount Rainier ( pronounced : / reɪˈnɪər / ) , is the highest mountain of the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest , and the highest mountain in the U.S. state of Washington . It is a large active stratovolcano located 59 miles ( 95 km ) south - southeast of Seattle , in the Mount Rainier National Park . It is the most topographically prominent mountain in the contiguous United States and the Cascade Volcanic Arc , with a summit elevation of 14,411 ft ( 4,392 m ) .
Baja California
Baja California encompasses a territory , within The Californias region of North America , which exhibits diverse geography for a relatively small area . The Peninsular ranges of the California cordillera run down the geographic center of the state . The most notable ranges of these mountains are the Sierra de Juarez and the Sierra de San Pedro Martir . These ranges are the location of forests reminiscent of Southern California 's San Gabriel Mountains . Picacho del Diablo is the highest peak in the whole peninsula . Valleys between the mountain ranges are located within a climate zone that are suitable for agriculture . Such valleys included the Valle de Guadalupe and the Valle de Ojos Negros , areas that produce citrus fruits and grapes . The mineral - rich mountain range extends southwards to the Gulf of California , where the western slope becomes wider , forming the Llanos del Berrendo in the border with Baja California Sur . The mountain ranges located in the center and southern part of the state include the Sierra de La Asamblea , Sierra de Calamajué , Sierra de San Luis and the Sierra de San Borja . Ensenada
South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut
`` Mountain Town '' ( sample ) `` Mountain Town '' ; the opening number for the film , has been compared to musicals such as Beauty and the Beast and Oklahoma ! As it described the setting of the film . Problems playing this file ? See media help .
Alice Springs
Leisure and entertainment activities include hiking in the nearby MacDonnell Ranges , driving the four - wheel - drive tracks at Finke Gorge National Park and visiting the many art galleries in Todd Mall .
Joshua Tree National Park
Boy Scout Hiking and Equestrian Trail Contact Mine Fortynine Palms Oasis Lost Horse Mine Lost Palms Oasis Ryan Mountain Warren Peak
Black Hills
The northern Black Hills approximate Lawrence and Meade Counties and are roughly equivalent to the Northern Hills District of the Black Hills National Forest . The central Black Hills ( the Mystic District of the Black Hills National Forest ) are located in Pennington County west of Rapid City . The southern Black Hills are in Custer County and are administered in the national forest 's Hell Canyon District . Finally , Wyoming 's Black Hills follow the Bearlodge District , approximately Weston and Crook Counties .
Boston African American National Historic Site
Historical sites along the 1.6 mile ( 2.5 km ) Black Heritage Trail in Beacon Hill include :
List of the highest major summits of the United States
Map this section 's coordinates using : OpenStreetMap Google Maps Download coordinates as : KML GPX See
List of volcanoes in the United States
Name Elevation Location Last eruption meters feet Coordinates Bear Butte 1,349 4,426 44 ° 28 ′ 33 '' N 103 ° 25 ′ 37 '' W ﻿ / ﻿ 44.475833 ° N 103.426944 ° W ﻿ / 44.475833 ; - 103.426944 ﻿ ( Bear Butte ) -
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005
Apart from providing economic security and creating rural assets , NREGA can help in protecting the environment , empowering rural women , reducing rural - urban migration and fostering social equity , among others . ''
New trade theory
Economics A supply and demand diagram , illustrating the effects of an increase in demand Index Outline Category History Branches Classification History of economics Schools of economics Mainstream economics Heterodox economics Economic methodology Economic theory Political economy Microeconomics Macroeconomics International economics Applied economics Econometrics Economic history JEL classification codes Concepts Theory Techniques Economic growth Economic system Experimental economics Mathematical economics Game theory Post-scarcity Market National accounting By application Agricultural Behavioral Business Computational Cultural Demographic Development Digitization Ecological Education Engineering Environmental Evolutionary Expeditionary Economic geography Financial Health Industrial organization Information Institutional Knowledge Labour Law Managerial Monetary Natural resource Organizational Personnel Economic policy Public economics Public / Social choice Regional Rural Service Socioeconomics Economic sociology Economic statistics Urban Welfare Welfare economics Lists Economists Publications ( journals ) Glossary Glossary of economics Business and economics portal
Perfect competition
Economics A supply and demand diagram , illustrating the effects of an increase in demand . Index Outline History Types Classification History of economics Economic history ( academic study ) Schools of economics Microeconomics Macroeconomics Methodology Heterodox economics JEL classification codes Concepts Theory Techniques Econometrics Economic growth Economic system Experimental economics Mathematical economics Game theory Post-scarcity Market National accounting By application Agricultural Behavioral Business Computational Cultural Demographic Development Digitization Ecological Education Environmental Evolutionary Expeditionary Geography Health Industrial organization Information International Knowledge Labour Law Managerial Monetary / Financial Natural resource Organizational Personnel Public / Welfare economics Regional Rural Service Social Urban Welfare Lists Economists Publications ( journals ) Business and economics portal
List of U.S. states and territories by African-American population
1.6 % 0.7 % 0.9 % 1.2 % 1.8 % 1.9 % 1.8 % 2.0 % 1.9 % 2.1 % New York 7.6 % 5.3 % 4.2 % 2.9 % 2.3 % 2.1 % 1.6 % 1.3 % 1.2 % 1.3 % 1.2 % 1.4 % 1.5 % 1.9 % 3.3 % 4.2 % 6.2 % 8.4 % 11.9 % 13.7 % 15.9 % 15.9 % 17.5 % North Carolina 26.8 % 29.4 % 32.2 % 34.4 % 35.9 % 35.6 % 36.4 % 36.4 % 36.6 % 38.0 % 34.7 % 33.0 % 31.6 % 29.8 % 29.0 % 27.5 % 25.8 % 24.5 % 22.2 % 22.4 % 22.0 % 21.6 % 21.5 % North Dakota 1.0 % 0.3 % 0.2 % 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.1 % 0.0 % 0.0 %
Economic history of the Netherlands (1500–1815)
Reasonably pervasive and free markets for both commodities and factors of production An agricultural productivity sufficient to sustain a far - reaching division of labor A political structure that guaranteed property rights , enforcement of contracts , and freedom of movement A level of technology and organization capable of sustained economic development and of supporting a material culture that could sustain market - oriented consumer behavior
Two Treatises of Government
In this way , Locke argues that a full economic system could , in principle , exist within the state of nature . Property could therefore predate the existence of government , and thus society can be dedicated to the protection of property .
Economic history of the Netherlands (1500–1815)
The decline in per capita income growth at the end of the 18th century may appear as a counterargument against the modernity of the Dutch economy . However , at closer inspection this was actually a modern process of restructuring in the face of adverse circumstances , as may be seen in current modern economies , like the United States and European countries , that also undergo major structural upheavals . The 18th - century deindustrialization was in large part a consequence of a too - high real wage level , combined with protectionist policies of foreign governments , closing access to major markets . The agricultural depression was a general European phenomenon . The crisis in foreign trade was answered , and partly parried , with commercial innovations . The financial and fiscal crisis that proved the Republic 's undoing was altogether modern in nature ( unlike the comparable crises that regularly brought the Spanish Crown to its knees ) , but simply happened before the modern means of dealing with it ( expansion of the tax base and / or monetary inflation ) were at hand .
Society of the United States
In the 2013 documentary Inequality for All , Robert Reich argued that income inequality is a defining issue for the United States . He stated that 95 % of post-recession economic gains went to the top 1 % net worth ( HNWI ) since 2009 , when the recovery is agreed to have started .
Mercantilism
Economics A supply and demand diagram , illustrating the effects of an increase in demand Index Outline Category History Types Classification History of economics Economic history ( academic study ) Schools of economics Microeconomics Macroeconomics Methodology Heterodox economics JEL classification codes Concepts Theory Techniques Econometrics Economic growth Economic system Experimental economics Mathematical economics Game theory Post-scarcity Market National accounting By application Agricultural Behavioral Business Computational Cultural Demographic Development Digitization Ecological Education Engineering Environmental Evolutionary Expeditionary Geography Health Industrial organization Information International Knowledge Labour Law Managerial Monetary / Financial Natural resource Organizational Personnel Public / Welfare economics Regional Rural Service Social Urban Welfare Lists Economists Publications ( journals ) Glossary Glossary of economics Business and economics portal
Sustainability
Part of a series about Environmental economics Concepts Green accounting Green economy Green trading Eco commerce Green job Environmental enterprise Fiscal environmentalism Environmental finance Renewable energy Policies Sustainable tourism Ecotax Environmental tariff Net metering Environmental pricing reform Pigovian tax Dynamics Renewable energy commercialization Marginal abatement cost Green paradox Green politics Pollution haven hypothesis Carbon related Low - carbon economy Carbon neutral fuel Carbon neutrality Carbon pricing Emissions trading Carbon credit Carbon offset Carbon emission trading Personal carbon trading Carbon tax Carbon finance Feed - in tariff Carbon diet Food miles 2000 - watt society Carbon footprint
Federalist No. 10
The discussion of the ideal size for the republic was not limited to the options of individual states or encompassing union . In a letter to Richard Price , Benjamin Rush noted that `` Some of our enlightened men who begin to despair of a more complete union of the States in Congress have secretly proposed an Eastern , Middle , and Southern Confederacy , to be united by an alliance offensive and defensive '' .
Two Treatises of Government
Ch. 4 ( `` Of Slavery '' ) and Ch. 16 ( `` Of Conquest '' ) are sources of some confusion : the former provides a justification for slavery , the latter , the rights of conquerors . Because the Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina provided that a master had perfect authority over his slaves , some have taken these chapters to be an apology for the institution of slavery in Colonial America .