vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
40 ID Urban Warfare | Cal Guard
“The Battle of Shusha City and The Missed Lessons of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War” 2021
“UWP Case Study #1 – Stalingrad” 2021
“The Vampire Fallacy: Virtual Reality vs Needs Based Strategies” 2021
“Square Peg, Round Hole: Maneuver Warfare and the Urban Battlefield” 2021
“The Eight Rules of Urban Warfare and Why We Must Work to Change Them” 2021
“The Twelve Days of Urban Warfare Christmas” 2020
“The Pentagon thinks urban warfare is obsolete. That’s wrong” 2020
“Four Transformational Steps The US Army Should Take To Get Serious About Urban Operations” 2020
“Proxy Forces Undermine Conventional Strategy” 2020
“The City is Not Neutral: Why Urban Warfare is So Hard” 2020
“War Books: Preparing for Underground Warfare” 2020
“Gangs of Baghdad” 2020
“The Return of Tunnel Bombs: A Medieval Tactic on the Modern Battlefield” 2019
“Difficult Megacity Fight Seen in Mumbai” 2019
“The Dangers of Distracted Fighting” 2019
“Facing Our Underground Nightmares: Casting Light On the Subterranean” 2019
“How our recent Medal of Honor shows a weakness in military power” 2019
“Every City is Different. That’s Why a One-Size-Fits-All Approach to Urban Operations Won’t Work,” 2019
“The Destructive Age of Urban Warfare; Or, How to Kill A City and How to Protect It,” 2019
“My Underground Warfare Wish List” 2019
“Stealing the Enemy’s Urban Advantage: The Battle of Sadr City” 2019
“Why Militaries Must Destroy Cities to Save Them” 2018
“Crossing the Street: Addressing on of Urban Warfare’s Greatest Challenges” 2018
“Getting Beyond Door Kicking: Four Tasks for Urban Warriors” 2018
“While the North Korean Nuclear Button Cools, The Threat of The Underground Lingers” 2018
“Investing in understanding cities is investing in national security” 2018
“The missing link to preparing for military operations in megacities and dense urban areas” 2018
“Prepare the Army for the Future Urban Battlefield,” 2018
“War Books: Preparing for Urban Warfare” 2018
“The Era of Urban Warfare is Already Here” 2018
2024 Public Comments to Preliminary Applications
I have read the grant application for additional patrols at the Chappie-Shasta OHV. I whole heartedly support this effort. The funding of patrols on the trails is greatly needed from a safety standpoint and an educational standpoint. In over 20 years of using the OHV, I have yet to encounter a LEO on a trail. I know they have been on trail, but the size of the Chappie-Shasta OHV makes it difficult to have a visible presence without additional funding dedicated to patrols. It is well known within the Northern California OHV user community that Stonyford/East fork OHV areas are being subjected to many criminal street gang members. The last thing any regular user of Chappie-Shasta would like to see is the same thing happen here. Please fund this grant. The Redding Field Office has a track record of being excellent stewards of the public's money. Thank you, Casey Bokavich Casey Bokavich - 5/5/2024

I request that you add more labor funding to increase law enforcement patrols in Redding Field Office Chappie-Shasta OHV Area. Thank you. Christopher Straub - 5/6/2024

 BLM - Ridgecrest Field Office

I request that you add more labor funding to increase law enforcement patrols in the Ridgecrest Field Office OHV area. Iliana Espinoza - 3/27/2024

Requesting funds are added more towards labor to increase law enforcement patrols in the Ridgecrest Field Office OHV area. Jovanna Troncoso - 3/27/2024

The BLM Barstow and Ridgecrest Field Offices have responsibility for the off-highway motor vehicle routes in the area known as the Western Mojave Route Network Project. I own property in the area and I have concerns related to safety and education of OHV users. The project description focuses on use by OHV riders of public land. The project doesn't discuss at all activities on private property in the area. In the section on "Location of Training/Services - 4970.13(f)(5)" it states that "This project will take place on lands managed and maintained by the Ridgecrest Field Office.
40 ID Urban Warfare | Cal Guard
Pavlov’s House 

Ground Breaking Studies:

Our Soldiers, Their Cities, by Major Ralph Peters, Parameters, Spring 1996, Volume 26, Number 1Our Soldiers, Their Cities, by Major Ralph Peters, Parameters, Spring 1996, Volume 26, Number 1
“Urban Warfare: A Soldier’s View,” by Major-General Robert H. Scales, Military Review, January-February 2005
Block by Block: The Challenges of Urban Operations, edited by William G. Robertson
Future War in Cities: Rethinking a Liberal Dilemma, by Alice Hills
Sharp Corners: Urban Operations at Century’s End, by Roger J. Spiller
“The Eight Rules of Urban Warfare and Why We Must Work to Change Them,” by John Spencer, Modern War Institute, January 2021
City Without Joy: Urban Military Operations Into the 21st Century, by Michael Evans, Australian Defence College Occasional Paper No. 2
“War and the City in the New Urban Century,” by Michael Evans, Quadrant Online, 01 January 2009
Urban Warfare in the Twenty-First Century, by Anthony King
Future Cities: Trends and Implications, by Stuart Lyle, Joseph Bogan and Aimee Feeney, United Kingdom Ministry of Defence, Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (DSTL)
Understanding Urban Warfare, by Liam Collins and John Spencer

“Have Cities Become the Main Battlegrounds in Armed Conflicts?” by Emma Elfversson & Kristine Höglund, October 2021 
“The City Is Neutral: On Urban Warfare in the 21st Century” by David Betz and Hugo Stanford-Tuck, October 2019
“The City Is Not Neutral: Why Urban Warfare Is So Hard” by John Spencer, March
“Urban Warfare, Then and Now” by Bing West, June 2017
“Large-Scale Combat Operations in Urban Terrain” Chapter 18, Large-Scale Combat Operations, The Division Fight, US Army Command and General Staff College Press, 2019
Unpacking the Urban Fight: Introducing the Twelve Challenges – Grounded Curiosity (12 article series), by Dr. Charles Knight
An Attack on Duffer’s Downtown – a twist on “Duffer’s Drift” but in an urban context, 2000
Reimagining the Character of Urban Operations for the U.S. Army (Rand 2017)
Home - Veterans Affairs (VA) History
DARPA’s efforts were spurred by the spike in traumatic injuries resulting from the emergence of improvised explosive devices as the insurgent’s weapon of choice in Iraq in 2003-04. 
Out of that effort came the LUKE/DEKA prosthetic limb, named after the main character from "Star Wars."
Read more
History of VA in 100 Objects
Object 79: VA Study of Former Prisoners of WarAmerican prisoners of war from World War II, Korea, and Vietnam faced starvation, torture, forced labor, and other abuses at the hands of their captors. For those that returned home, their experiences in captivity often had long-lasting impacts on their physical and mental health. Over the decades, the U.S. government sought to address their specific needs through legislation conferring special benefits on former prisoners of war.
In 1978, five years after the United States withdrew the last of its combat troops from South Vietnam, Congress mandated VA carry out a thorough study of the disability and medical needs of former prisoners of war. In consultation with the Secretary of Defense, VA completed the study in 14 months and published its findings in early 1980. Like previous investigations in the 1950s, the study confirmed that former prisoners of war had higher rates of service-connected disabilities. 
Read more
Featured StoriesOur Featured Stories section provides scholarly researched and written content on the people, places, events and innovations that illustrate VA’s remarkable evolution serving Veterans since the start of our nation. These are longer stories, with historical details on the rich lineage of VA and the significant moments in time.
More Featured StoriesFeatured Stories
The Black Diamond Crew and the Hunt for John Wilkes BoothDuring the late evening, early hours of April 23-24, 1865, the Black Diamond, a ship on the Potomac River searching for President Abraham Lincoln's assassin John Wilkes Booth collided with another ship, the USS Massachusetts. The incident was a terrible accident during the frantic mission to locate the fleeing Booth before he escaped into Virginia. Unfortunately many lives were lost, including four civilians who had been summoned from a local fire department by the Army. For their assistance during this military operation, all four were buried in the Alexandria National Cemetery, some of the few civilians to receive that honor.
Read more
Featured Stories
Drs.
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People of NASA Science - NASA Science
Applications, Inc.BioLaura Brandt EdsonProject Manager - New Mexico ConsortiumBioRobert SemperChief Science Officer - ExploratoriumBioClarence E. BosticProgram Specialist - NASA HeadquartersBioJessica SwannProgram Architect - Communities of Practice - Arizona State UniversityBioAngela Des JardinsProfessor - Montana State UniversityBioKatie BoydEducation & Outreach Assistant - Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Science Education & Outreach / University of ColoradoBioTaline KuyumjianResearch Associate - Pacific Research & EvaluationBioVivian WhiteDirector of Free Choice Learning - Astronomical Society of the PacificBioJoan Harper-NeelySTEM Education Specialist - National Institute of Aerospace/ NASA eClipsBioChristopher David AndertWeb User Experience Designer - Arizona State UniverityBioCarolyn NgEducation Specialist - NASA Heliophysics Education Activation Team (NASA HEAT)BioLynn CominskyProfessor and Director - Sonoma State UniversityBioSharon BowersSenior STEM Education Specialist - National Institute of AerospaceBioMichael ConleyNASA Citizen ScientistBioSvetlana ShkolyarVisiting Assistant Research Scientist / Astrobiology Education Team Member - University of Maryland / NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterBioCiera Partyka-WorleyAstronomers in Training Assisting the Community Team Member - Central Idaho Dark Sky Reserve STEM NetworkBioKevin CzajkowskiProfessor - University of ToledoBioRae OstmanResearch Professor - Arizona State UniversityBioRita KarlExecutive Producer/Managing Director - Twin Cities PBSBioLin ChambersDeputy Director, Science Activation - NASABioLauri K. Newman< Back to Leadership Team Lauri K. Newman is the Conjunction Assessment Program Officer within NASA’s Science Mission Directorate (SMD).…BioDr. Mark ClampinDr. Mark Clampin is the Astrophysics Division Director in the Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters in Washington, DC.
California Fish and Wildlife Journal - Contents

H. H. Biswell, A. M. Schultz, and D. W. Hedrick
Progress report on a study of the kelp bass, Paralabrax clathratus. R. D. Collyer and P. H. Young
Aquarium tests of tags on striped bass. A. J. Calhoun
The effect of the commercial canning process upon puffer poison. B. W. Halstead and N. C. Bunker
A preliminary report on the toxicity of the Gulf puffer, Sphoeroides annulatus. D. R. Goe and B. W. Halstead
Observations on the effect of black powder explosions on fish life. D. H. Fry, Jr. and K. W. Cox
The 1952 shark derbies at Elkhorn Slough, Monterey Bay, and at Coyote Point, San Francisco Bay. E. S. Herald
New fishways on the Yuba and Feather rivers. J. A. Aplin
Official common names of certain marine fishes of California. P. M. Roedel
New records of Pacific sardine and Pacific mackerel in the Gulf of California. B. W. Walker
Survival of some fishes recently introduced into the Salton Sea, California. P. A. Douglas
The bramble shark (Echinorhinus brucus) at Guadalupe Island, Mexico. R. D. Collyear
The Miami Conservancy District (Book Review). H. E. Pintler
Freshwater Fishery Biology (Book Review). L. Shapovalov
A Field Guide to Shells of the Pacific Coast and Hawaii (Book Review). J. E. Fitch
The Ocean River (Book Review).
Our Amazing Birds: The Little-known Facts about Their Private Lives (Book Review).

California Fish and Game 39(1). Winter 1953.

The fish populations of Salt Springs Valley Reservoir, Calaveras County, California. D. E. Wohlschlag and C. A. Woodhull
The jack mackerel, Trachurus symmetricus: a review of the California fishery and of current biological knowledge.
Rocky Mountain MIRECC for Suicide Prevention - Talking to Kids (T2K) about Suicide - MIRECC / CoE
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Asian American and Native Hawaiian Pacific Islander Heritage Month - NASA
Kamlesh Lulla, Senior ScientistImage Article1 Min ReadEllison Onizuka: First Asian American in SpaceArticle5 Min Read“Work Hard and Work Smart”: The NASA Career of Vickie Wang
1 Min ReadVance Oyama, Searching for Life in Our Solar SystemImage Article
1 Min ReadKalpana ChawlaImage Article
6 Min ReadHawaii’s role in NASA’s space exploration programsArticle
2 Min ReadFlight Director Pooja JesraniImage Article 

 

STEM Resources

Explore NASA's STEM resources for Asian American and Native Hawaiian Pacific Islander Heritage Month.

STEMonstrations: Newton’s First Law of MotionWatch and learn alongside NASA astronaut Suni Williams as NASA astronauts Mark Vande Hei and Jeff Williams demonstrate Newton’s First Law of Motion in microgravity aboard the International Space Station.Learn MoreSurprisingly STEM: Wind Tunnel EngineersJoin NASA wind tunnel test engineers Sam Zauber and Frank Quinto for a look at some of the fascinating things they've tested in the 14-foot by 22-foot subsonic wind tunnel at NASA's Langley Research Center.Watch the EpisodeA-MAZE-ING Women of STEM: Science PuzzleNASA scientist Jie Gong studies Earth’s atmosphere. She uses data from satellites to understand where and when snow might fall. She also studies ice clouds and hail. Help Jie navigate through the maze to reach the snowflake.Print the PuzzleSurprisingly STEM: Space Food Scientist Xulei WuNASA space food scientist Xulei Wu dishes on what considerations go into preparing food for the astronauts on the International Space Station. Watch the EpisodeA-MAZE-ING Women of STEM: Technology PuzzleNASA technologist Mahmooda Sultana is an award-winning inventor! Mahmooda and her team are working on a new type of sensor that could help when humans go to the Moon and Mars. Help Mahmooda navigate through the maze to reach the 3D-printed sensor.Print the Puzzle 

 

Discover More Topics From NASA

Native American Heritage MonthLGBTQ PrideHispanic Heritage MonthBlack History MonthWomen's History Month 

 

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration
About | NASA eClips
Prior to her current position, Mellissa served as the Director of Children’s Programs and Children’s librarian for a local library, where she created STEM curricula for the area’s youth. Mellissa specializes in curriculum design and education ranging from preschool to early-tertiary levels. Mellissa served as a teaching assistant in social and behavioral science at the U of U. Mellissa has taught homeschool co-op classes in science, Algebra, and English in Utah, Idaho, Nevada, and Illinois. In addition, she worked as a contractor with her local government on the advancement of rural economics and environmental impact projects, collaborating with city, county, and state programs. Mellissa also collaborated with private global organizations as an applied anthropologist, specializing in potential unforeseen consequences of their global development programs. She enjoyed her work as a lab assistant at the Biological Anthropology Stable Isotope Facility in Salt Lake City, processing materials for the Smithsonian Institution. Mellissa has a passion for aerospace, education, and lifelong learning and is currently partnered with her local library, hosting events regarding NASA’s research, missions, launches, and projects, in her role as a NASA/JPL California Institute of Technology Solar System Ambassador.
 

Amelia Tangeman
Educator NASA Nebraska Space Grant 

 Amelia is a nonformal educator for the NASA Nebraska Space Grant, located at the University of Nebraska at Omaha. She holds a master's degree in elementary education with a concentration in STEM education and has previously taught 3rd and 4th grade for Omaha Public Schools. Serving in the interconnected roles of classroom teacher, museum educator, STEM outreach coordinator, adjunct professor in teacher education, and educator with the NASA Nebraska Space Grant has shaped Amelia as an educator. She has participated in numerous NASA educator professional development experiences, including NASA's Pre-Service Teacher Institute in 2010 at Johnson Space Center and the U.S. Space and Rocket Center's Space Academy for Educators in 2011. She participated in the 2013 NASA Spaceflight Explorers cohort, and the Liftoff Summer Institute in 2015. In addition, she is also a NASA Solar System Ambassador, NASA MAVEN Educator Ambassador and NASA Heliophysics Educator Ambassador.
 

Jessica van Son
Middle School Special Education Teacher
40 ID Urban Warfare | Cal Guard
40 ID Urban Warfare | Cal Guard

 

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40ID Urban Warfare

NewsAboutUrban Operations Planner Course 24-01 Case Studies: IndividualCase Studies: Compilations DoctrineWargameSeminal WorksArticles and JournalsFuture Urban Trends and Urban SecuritySpecific TopicsBibliographiesContacts

Latest News 

Risks of Urban Warfare are High in Indo-Pacific
NATO Allies train for urban combat in France during ORION 23
Ukraine War is changing Urban Combat

Upcoming Events

14-20 May 2023, 40th ID Urban Operations Planner Course 2023-01. You can request a seat for the resident or virtual course or ask any additional questions by emailing the 40th ID Urban Operation team at 40ID-urban-warfare@army.mil
25-31 August 2024,  40th ID Urban Operations Planner Course 2024-01. You can request a seat for the resident or virtual course or ask any additional questions by emailing the 40th ID Urban Operation team at 40ID-urban-warfare@army.mil

This page is an effort by 40th ID Urban Warfare Center to offer one-stop shopping for urban warfare history, scholarship, resources, and points of contact for the Urban Operations Community of Interest (COI), including military, academic, and allied/international organizations.
UNT Web Archive
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