vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
1. Rebate  2. Bid-Ask spread  3. Tactically increasing/decreasing inventory based on their view of the market  4. Picking off idiot traders (OTC markets, basically not passing orders on to the market when the counterparty has a low performance history).
The offering price is the price at which that IPO is, well, offered. Think of it as a suggested retail price. The opening price is the actual price at which trading begins, on a particular day, for a stock. That price depends on demand/overnight-orders/what-have-you. Think of this as the actual price in the store.
The original investors and founders own them. Think about it this way - When you hear that an IPO priced at $10 opened at $50, is that 'good or 'bad'? Of course, it depends who you are. If you are the guy that got them at $10, you're happy. If you are the founder of the company, you are thinking the banker you paid to determine a market price for the IPO failed. Big. He blew it, basically as you just sold your company for 20% of the perceived value. But, instead of selling all the shares, just sell, say, 5%. Now, the IPO opening price is just a way to understand the true value of your company while keeping 95% of the upside once the market settles down to a regular trading pattern. You can slowly sell these shares into the market or you can use them as cash to take over other companies by buying with these shares instead of actual cash.  Either way, the publicly traded shares should trade based on the total value of the company and the fraction they represent.
"The expected holiday sales are ""known"" or actually guessed at beforehand, and stock prices move in line with these expectations before the holiday. If the actual post holiday sales are more or less in line with the ""guess,"" little stock price movement takes place. It's when the actual sales differ (materially) from the ""guessed"" sales that prices move up or down in the appropriate direction.  What happens is that the market ""anticipates"" or ""guesses"" first and ""reacts"" later, if necessary."
When a stock is going to become public there's a level of analysis required to figure out the range of IPO price that makes sense. For a company that's somewhat mature, and has a sector to compare it to, you can come up with a range that would be pretty close. For the recent linkedin, it's tougher to price a somewhat unique company, running at a loss, in a market rich with cash looking for the next great deal. If one gives this any thought, an opening price that's so far above the IPO price represents a failure of the underwriters to price it correctly. It means the original owners just sold theirvshares for far less than the market thought they were worth on day one. The day of IPO the stock opens similar to how any stock would open at 9:30, there are bids and asks and a price at which supply (the ask) and demand (bid) balance. For this IPO, it would appear that there were enough buyers to push the price to twice the anticipated open and it's maintained that level since.  It's possible to have a different system in which a Dutch auction is used to make the shares public, in theory this can work, it's just not used commonly.
I believe there are electronic exchanges that run continuously,  but the older ones don't want to change their practices since some people may have strategies which  (claim they) are based on this behavior so there would be a lot of unhappy people if it was altered. The pause doesn't seem to do any harm. There are alternatives if you dislike it. Don't try to fix what isn't broken.
"The gap up/down and rapid movement immediately following market open is due to overnight futures activity. In your example, SP500 on June 20, 2016 saw a 20-point gap up at market open. This was because the SP500 futures were trading 20 points higher at 9:30 AM than at its close on Friday. The index will always ""catch up"" with futures at market open. You can see that below. The top chart is the E-mini SP500 futures from Sunday night to Monday. Beneath it is the SP500 index."
I would refrain from commenting on market timing strategy, but please don't park extra AUD cash in IB.  Park cash in your local bank high interest savings, and get a Margin account at IB.  When you want to pull the trigger, use margin loan to buy stocks immediately, then transfer cash from local bank to IB afterwards.
The money goes to the seller.  There are a lot of behind the scenes things that happen, and some transactions are very complicated with many parties involved (evidenced by all the comments on @keshlam's perfectly reasonable high-level answer), but ultimately the money goes to the seller.  Sometimes the seller is the company.  The billions of shares that change hands each day are moving between other individuals like you and investment funds; these transactions have no direct impact on the company's financials, in general.
That's true the system does effectively give HFT a right of first refusal to everything it sees. If HFT is willing to take all comers at your price for longer than you are willing to wait then you are indeed out of luck.  OK it's cheating :)
3) Isn't strictly true, as off market swaps do trade quite regularly. For example, if the company has a bad credit rating, an off market swap is often executed to cover the credit costs (and essentially the cost of the bank's capital Under BASEL III.) Hence a bank shouldn't trade at mid.
Yes, orders like this are very possible.  There are nearly endless possibilities for structuring a trade.  It all comes down to whether you have the money to make the trade at the find you find a counterparty.  If you don't, the order is cancelled. Trades like this happen all day long at Goldman, BAML, Merril, UBS, etc.  And on eBay.
[Brute Force](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brute-force_attack) Sending random hits to a server over and over again.  Three order books. One happens earlier, the other two simultaneously.  Bid ABT   105.00x1000   **Cancelled**   Bid APPL  105.00x1000   **Cancelled**  Bid AET   105.00x1000    **Cancelled**  Bid ACT   105.00x1000     **Filled**  The aforementioned happens before all else. Act's current value is 100.01.*   Ask Act 100.00x1000 **Limit order denied**  Ask Act 109.00x1000 **Filled**   The third order book is simply testing the waters to see what the guy making the ask is willing to pay.  *As well as all the cancelled orders, for the illustration.
It has a more complicated order book, enabling both ordinary buyers and sellers to list if they wish, but market makers are separated out at the top. Here you can see that three market makers are providing liquidity on this stock, Peel Hunt (PEEL), Numis (NUMS) and Winterflood (WINS). They have a very unpalatable spread of over 5% between their bid and offer prices. Further in each case the sum total that they are willing to trade is 3000 shares. If you have more than three thousand Dirunal Group shares to sell, you would have to wait for the market makers to come back with a new quote after you'd sold the first 3000.
Wikipedia is your friend: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_stock_exchanges
I have done this last year. Just open an account with an online brocker and buy a couple of Apple shares (6 I think, for 190$ each or something like that :) ). If this is just to test how stock exchange works, I think this is a good idea. I am also in Europe (France), and you'r right the charge to buy on NasDaq are quite expensive but still reasonnable. Hope this helps.
You find a broker who handles futures accounts. Search on the word Forex and you'll find a number of companies happy to take your money. I trust you understand how futures work, the contract values, margin requirements, etc? You just don't have an account yet, right?
"In China, people are using Litecoin and Bitcoin to circumvent capital controls. OKCoin, Huobi are the biggest exchanges of smart money. Disclaimer: This is not advice, this is the answer. On a question and answer site. The exchange rate of smart money is very volatile. You will experience very brief exposure to those networks. Although Litecoin is popular for speculation in China, Bitcoin gives you and your trading partners the most flexibility, as the United States does not have robust and liquid exchanges for Litecoin, only Bitcoin. You buy smart money on one of the exchanges in China, you send all of it to an exchange in the United States, you sell all of it on that exchange for USD. If it isn't clear, smart money's flexibility comes the fact that it doesn't use banks to work/exist and can be transferred to valid ""addresses"" over the internet.  Current regulated, liquid and FDIC insured US exchanges are Coinbase and Circle. Other exchanges use private insurance, such as Bitstamp and Coinsetter.  So in the course of 30 minutes you should have converted all of your funds from Yuan back to stable US dollars in a regulated and insured US banking account. To make it usuable for goods and services you need to transfer it out of the exchange to a US bank account. This has very little exposure to the bitcoin or litecoin network. You don't need any friends or mules for this. The Chinese government has issued many many circulars on smart money such as Litecoin and Bitcoin, so it is hard to keep up, because they have made half hearted efforts to prevent banks from directly servicing those networks, while retaining the legality of their operations within China (Party members have been waiting for ways to get their wealth out of the country too without risk of blowback!). So you will need to see what hoops you need to jump through to move your funds to one of those exchanges to begin with. This is faster and only uses one transaction instead of broken up ones and there are no tax consequences for sending money to yourself."
There is a way I discovered of finding the current exchange rate before committing to buy, go to send payments, put in your own second email, pay 1gbp as the amount and it will give you the exchange rate and fees in your own currency, in my case euro, before you have to click on send payment
Am I missing something or is the author?  EUP5  USP5  SUP5  PUS5  EDIT: Its not just currency pairs either, 5DEL; EU5L; 5UKL; EU5S; 5DES.  Unless I misunderstood something, the authors worst nightmare has already arrived in Europe.
You can use www.etfdb.com and search on geography.
We have it in the UK, it’s amazing. My wife (on ticketmaster) and I (on amazon) both tried to buy tickets for Ed Sheran - needless to say, it took 30 seconds for me to buy on Amazon, and my wife was still in the Ticketmaster queue 3 hours later.
Thanks for starting this thread. Interesting to see I'm not the only one that is thinking about this. There's a lot of exchanges out there. I found that coinmarketcap.com gives quite a decent overview.  I found this great website: https://www.coincheckup.com For a complete crypto analysis on every single tradable crypto out there.
In some countries, including the [US](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States) and the [UK](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom), a [corporation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporation) can repurchase its own [stock](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stock) by distributing [cash](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cash) to existing [shareholders](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shareholder) in exchange for a fraction of the company's outstanding [equity](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shareholders%27_equity); that is, cash is exchanged for a reduction in the number of [shares outstanding](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shares_outstanding). The company either retires the repurchased shares or keeps them as [treasury stock](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treasury_stock), available for re-[issuance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issued_capital). &gt;Under US [corporate law](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporations_law) there are five primary methods of stock repurchase: open market, private negotiations, repurchase '[put](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Put_option)' rights and two variants of self-tender repurchase: a fixed price [tender offer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tender_offer) and a [Dutch auction](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_auction). In the late 20th and early 21st centuries, there was a sharp rise in the volume of share repurchases in the US: [US$](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar)5 [billion](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1000000000_(number\)) in 1980 rose to US$349 billion in 2005.
What if Kirtsaeng were only acting as a foreign agent of the purchaser?  Seems like that would be an easy work around.  Instead of selling the book, he could charge a service fee for making the purchase for someone else.
Find a Bank of China branch in the United States.  They have them in Canada!   This link is to the Bank of China website, along with branch locations.  They are in New York and L.A.  http://www.boc.cn/en/aboutboc/ab6/200812/t20081216_494260.html And the Bank of China USA website:  http://www.bocusa.com/portal There are a number of Bank of China Branches in Canada due to the high numbers of Chinese people.  I'm sure a phone call or an email to them will help.
"I think you should start here https://www.tastytrade.com/tt/ and learn about equity options. Its a lot more accessible for you to get hands on experience. Start with learning about put/call spreads and maybe put on some SPY trades. Options are essentially the same in every market; I would start here.    I think this idea you have of not having to use ""margin"" is coming from people running spread strategies that have limited downside/upside"
I'm sorry I guess what i meant to say was, what's the downside here? Why isn't everyone doing this, what am i missing? Someone clarified that i'm completely exposed to FX risk if I bring it back.   What if I am IN australia, how would I do this, short USD's?
Just signed up to them recently myself.  Still not sure if I want to delete my account now, or wait and see if they can get more western European documents on line.   Just haven't had time to find out who this Primera is, and if I need to worry about them selling my data.
Not sure about US. In India all Demat shares have a unique identity. Incase of splits or merging of shares, new ID's are created maintaining the linking of older ID's. The Demat holding entity would have all the history of a particular stock. It is mandatory to disclose the name of the person / entity who has purchased the shares. Of Course if shares are purchased by Fund houses or other aggregators then its the aggregators name that would be available. All this data is confidential and not meant for common consumption.
I have only found solution for UK residents so far, see the article on This Is Money: Cheapest index-tracking funds: Trackers with the lowest charges - and the best ways to invest in them
I don't know how fast are wire transfers between bank accounts in the US, but here in Europe we can have them in under an hour usually for an extra fee (during bank working hours) - so you could take a laptop with Internet connection to the transaction, make a wire transfer and wait that hour drinking coffee for the transfer to arrive before handing the keys and papers and the buyer driving away.
To get access, you'll need to sign up for an API developer account, which I believe requires an NDA. I don't believe there is an official Python implementation of the API, but if you're a capable Python writer, you shouldn't have trouble hooking up to the published interfaces. Some caveats: as when doing any strategy backtesting, you'll want to be sure to be pessimistic when doing so, so your optimism doesn't make your trades look more successful than they would be in the real world. At a minimum, you'll want to ensure that your simulations transact at the posted bid/ask prices, not necessarily the last trade's price, as well as any commissions and fees associated with the trade. A more robust scheme would also take into account the depth of the order book (also known as level 2 quotes), which can cause additional slippage in the prices at which you buy/sell your security. An even more robust scheme would take into account the potential latency of trade execution, looking at all prices over some time period that covers the maximum expected latency and simulating the trade at the worst-possible price."
&gt;Pyramid schemes are illegal in many countries or regions including Albania, Australia,[20][21] Austria,[22] Belgium,[23] Brazil, Canada, China,[24] Colombia,[25] Denmark, the Dominican Republic,[26] Estonia,[27] Finland,[28] France, Germany, Hong Kong,[29] Hungary, Iceland, Iran,[30] the Republic of Ireland,[31] Italy,[32] Japan,[33] Malaysia, Maldives, Mexico, Nepal, the Netherlands,[34] New Zealand,[35] Norway,[36] Peru, Philippines,[37] Poland, Portugal, Romania,[38] Russian Federation, Serbia,[39] South Africa,[40] Spain, Sri Lanka,[41] Sweden,[42] Switzerland, Taiwan, Thailand,[43] Turkey,[44] Ukraine,[45] the United Kingdom,[46] and the United States.[7]  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramid_scheme
I super appreciate too giving me so much time. I'm in England so, no GameStop here - we have game.net and they're like a monopoly at the moment. My marketing strategy will be VERY innovative and I'll be using American e-commerce style affiliate system to have organic growth. (America is always a step ahead from the world and what ever gets big there, gets big everywhere sooner or later)
The workaround that I use in a recent time is very simple, effective and it is spreading very quickly - Payoneer. What you will need is http://www.payoneer.com/USPService.aspx which will get you US bank account that you can link to your paypal account.
As a beginner to cryptocurrencies, I would recommend that you sign up for an account at gemini.com. Once you get verified - and understand, that getting verified will take multiple weeks, unfortunately, considering the large amount of traffic that these web apps still have to scale for - you will be able to make daily deposits of $500 to buy either bitcoin (BTC) or ethereum (ETH). Any other currencies (altcoins, usually built on another network or entirely separate networks) will require you to sign up for an altcoin exchange like Kraken or Poloniex.  Speaking of which, another user that commented on this post mentioned Kraken, but the issue with Kraken is that it only allows you to buy currencies using other currency, which is why I recommend gemini (you could even use coinbase, but coinbase is EXTREMELY popular and it takes forever to get verified). After purchasing crypto, you can transfer to other accounts on other exchanges to speculate on altcoin.  Please be secure when using these exchanges. Consider also using a wallet (I personally recommend exodus.io), as many exchanges suffer from occasional attacks.  As for /u/beat_tapes questioning your motives, I totally agree with that sentiment, as no one REALLY knows what's going to happen tomorrow, which is why I implore you to evaluate your financial situation and only speculate with what you're entirely comfortable with losing. You're entering casino doors, and yeah, I'm a personal believer that at this casino you'll win big, but it's still a gamble. Just keep that in mind.
There are several Excel spreadsheets for downloading stock quotes (from Yahoo Finance), and historical exchange rates at http://investexcel.net/financial-web-services-kb
"&gt;You are just being weirdly semantic and also failing to distinguish between North and South America. They are not both collectively called America. Nobody groups 2 continents together like that. Stop embarrassing yourself. You are trying to save face by saying America is a country. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americas &gt;What point? I said Canada was protectionist and Canada is in the top to protectionist countries in the list you provided. Because of your cognitive dissonance, you couldn't even understand the chart. LOL. it is 10 biggest country. And all of them have low tariff and shows is not protectionist. Again, I showed that you made completely big fool out of yourself multiple times. http://www.businessinsider.com/wef-countries-with-highest-trade-tarrifs-2016-10/#t11-sierra-leone-138--sierra-leone-has-high-customs-tariffs-which-account-for-about-45-of-government-revenue-according-to-the-world-trade-organisation-9 **Yea. 28% to 14%.** **Nowhere near 1-3% I showed where Canada was.** LOLOL. Just sad. A trumper says all those countries are protectionist. Yet, all the data says opposite. Are all trumpers argue like this? This is pretty sad man. You cant even follow this, you got pretty rough life ahead of you. &gt;What data would you like? America being increasingly protectionist and the stock market being at an all time high? https://www.cnbc.com/2017/07/26/us-stocks-boeing-earnings-fed.html I already used your own data against you so in a way that is me using data and you've presented none. Lol. None of that data says anything about protectionism. Are you joking? This is pathetic, mate. So lets recap Makes absurd claim. that Russia, China, US(calling it America), Canada are all protectionist.
Buy Data products from NSE. You will get historical order book. The Live order book may not be available. https://www.nseindia.com/supra_global/content/dotex/data_products.htm This link has all the data products that NSE can provide
Not a problem because people in the US are all borderline braindead and ruled over by profit-crazed maniacs.  In contrast with the unblemished Europeans who shit rainbows and prance around on unicorns smiting the rich and handing out money to the poor.    If you think there is any fundamental difference in the way giant corporations do things, anywhere, you are beyond naive.
I think the tradition within the country would outweigh any convenience it would have for the rest of the world.  The US hasn't even been able to switch to the Metric system, even though it's taught in school and used in math / science.  The costs involved with changing price tags, and re-organizing everything in their world would be pretty crazy.
a true free market wouldnt have these issues.. the wealthy are protected, the curtency inflated, national debt in the trillions.. there is no flexibility for these systems to auto correct.. so they will get shittier and shittier till they crash, badly.. only a free society un urdened by top down structures can build sustainable societies, its how nature works, our bodies, life.
No.  Because the person deciding this was the way to do things failed to account for the counter pressures, and just forced it down peoples’ throats.  Just like your economic views fail to account for the counter pressures.  What would be counter pressures in these previous situations?  Other economic systems in proximity, social values, economic bullies who have the financial clout to push their way harder, crime that now has an easier avenue of gain, and on and on.  Edit:  Let’s make a point to not forget about entrenched management.
I'll forgive your ignorance in that the competition is between countries' tax rates, not burger sales. If you can run a company from country B and be taxed less than running the same company from country A, country B is more competitive than country A.
How do you manage things like right of way? Duplication of services etc?  Are we to assume that all actors will build in good faith and allow all to access these pieces of infrastructure. What happens if we clog up all the first few meters of underground with network cable and the one water company needs to upgrade piping to meet population needs?  Who co-ordinates all these kinds of things to ensure it works well? How are these people paid? Where do their interests lie? In the event of a big highway project tearing through a neighborhood who represents the people of the neighborhood and ensures their interests are heard as well?  What about public services that are in no way profitable for a company to run or manage?  I would love to just let the perfect free market reign however it completely ignores all kinds of physical and logistic realities.