vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Well-defined
In particular , the term well - defined is used with respect to ( binary ) operations on cosets . In this case one can view the operation as a function of two variables and the property of being well - defined is the same as that for a function . For example , addition on the integers modulo some n can be defined naturally in terms of integer addition .
Institution
While institutions tend to appear to people in society as part of the natural , unchanging landscape of their lives , study of institutions by the social sciences tends to reveal the nature of institutions as social constructions , artifacts of a particular time , culture and society , produced by collective human choice , though not directly by individual intention . Sociology traditionally analyzed social institutions in terms of interlocking social roles and expectations . Social institutions created and were composed of groups of roles , or expected behaviors . The social function of the institution was executed by the fulfillment of roles . Basic biological requirements , for reproduction and care of the young , are served by the institutions of marriage and family , for example , by creating , elaborating and prescribing the behaviors expected for husband / father , wife / mother , child , etc .
Medical device
Medical machine , contrivance , implant , in vitro reagent , or other similar or related article , including a component part , or accessory that is :
Tax protester statutory arguments
The Internal Revenue Code general definition of the terms `` includes '' and `` including '' is as follows :
Expenditures in the United States federal budget
Expenditures are classified as mandatory , with payments required by specific laws , or discretionary , with payment amounts renewed annually as part of the budget process . Expenditures averaged 20.3 % GDP over the 1967 - 2016 period , generally ranging + / - 2 % GDP from that level . The 2016 spend was 20.9 % GDP , versus 2015 spend of 20.6 % GDP and a recent 2009 peak of 24.4 % GDP .
Well-defined
Let A 0 , A 1 ( \ displaystyle A_ ( 0 ) , A_ ( 1 ) ) be sets , let A = A 0 ∪ A 1 ( \ displaystyle A = A_ ( 0 ) \ cup A_ ( 1 ) ) and `` define '' f : A → ( 0 , 1 ) ( \ displaystyle f : A \ rightarrow \ ( 0 , 1 \ ) ) as f ( a ) = 0 ( \ displaystyle f ( a ) = 0 ) if a ∈ A 0 ( \ displaystyle a \ in A_ ( 0 ) ) and f ( a ) = 1 ( \ displaystyle f ( a ) = 1 ) if a ∈ A 1 ( \ displaystyle a \ in A_ ( 1 ) ) .
Chinese marriage
Finally , the husband may unilaterally declare a divorce . To be legally recognized , it must be based on one of the following seven reasons ( 七 出 ) :
Society of the United States
Year Families ( 69.7 % ) Non-families ( 31.2 % ) Married couples ( 52.5 % ) Single Parents Other blood relatives Singles ( 25.5 % ) Other non-family Nuclear family Without children Male Female 2000 24.1 % 28.7 % 9.9 % 7 % 10.7 % 14.8 % 5.7 % 1970 40.3 % 30.3 % 5.2 % 5.5 % 5.6 % 11.5 % 1.7 %
One-drop rule
The social and legal concept of the `` one - drop rule '' does not exist outside the United States . The `` one - drop rule '' is defunct in the United States and was never codified into federal law .
Priesthood in the Catholic Church
The state of consecrated life or monasticism is a separate , third distinct vocational state from the clergy and the laity . As an overview , there are the members of the laity -- who are married or unmarried , and the clergy -- the bishops , priests , and deacons . Deacons are male and usually belong to the diocesan clergy , but , unlike almost all Latin - rite ( Western Catholic ) priests and all bishops from Eastern or Western Catholicism , they may marry as laymen before their ordination as clergy .
Lobbying in the United States
Sometimes defining clearly who is a `` lobbyist '' and what precisely are lobbying activities can be difficult . According to the Lobbying Disclosure Act , several authorized definitions include :
Hawaii (island)
There were 64,382 households out of which 32.20 % had children under the age of 18 living with them , 50.60 % were married couples living together , 13.20 % had a woman whose husband did not live with her , and 30.40 % were non-families. 23.10 % of all households were made up of individuals and 8.00 % had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older . The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.24 .
Trinity
For Trinitarians , emphasis in Genesis 1 : 26 is on the plurality in the Deity , and in 1 : 27 on the unity of the divine Essence . A possible interpretation of Genesis 1 : 26 is that God 's relationships in the Trinity are mirrored in man by the ideal relationship between husband and wife , two persons becoming one flesh , as described in Eve 's creation later in the next chapter .
Health care in the United States
The American College of Physicians , uses the term physician to describe all medical practitioners holding a professional medical degree . In the U.S. , however , most physicians have either a Doctor of Medicine ( M.D. ) or a Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine ( D.O. ) degree .
Official bilingualism in Canada
`` A bilingual country is not one where all the inhabitants necessarily have to speak two languages ; rather it is a country where the principal public and private institutions must provide services in two languages to the citizens , the vast majority of whom may well be unilingual . '' ''
Republic
However , the term republic is not synonymous with the republican form . The republican form is defined as one in which the powers of sovereignty are vested in the people and are exercised by the people , either directly , or through representatives chosen by the people , to whom those powers are specially delegated . In re Duncan , 139 U.S. 449 , 11 S. Ct. 573 , 35 L. Ed . 219 ; Minor v. Happersett , 88 U.S. ( 21 Wall . ) 162 , 22 L. Ed . 627 .
Well-defined
In order to avoid the apostrophes around `` define '' in the previous simple example , the `` definition '' of f ( \ displaystyle f ) could be broken down into two simple logical steps :
Lexicographical order
Specifically , given two partially ordered sets A and B , the lexicographical order on the Cartesian product A × B is defined as
Society of the United States
Today , family arrangements in the United States reflect the diverse and dynamic nature of contemporary American society . Although for a relatively brief period of time in the 20th century most families adhered to the nuclear family concept ( two - married adults with a biological child ) , single - parent families , childless / childfree couples , and fused families now constitute the majority of families .
United States budget process
The federal budget is divided into categories known as budget functions . These functions include all spending for a given topic , regardless of the federal agency that oversees the individual federal program . Both the President 's budget , and Congress ' budget resolution provide summaries by function .
Procedures of the United States Congress
Act of Congress : `` Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled . '' Joint resolution : `` Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled . ''
United States budget process
A conference committee is typically required to resolve differences between House and Senate appropriation bills . Once a conference bill has passed both chambers of Congress , it is sent to the President , who may sign the bill or veto it . If he signs , the bill becomes law . Otherwise , Congress must pass another bill to avoid a shutdown of at least part of the federal government .
Well-defined
Whereas the definition in step 1 . is formulated with the freedom of any definition and is certainly effective ( without the need to classify it as `` well - defined `` ) , the assertion in step 2 . has to be proved : If and only if A 0 ∩ A 1 = ∅ ( \ displaystyle A_ ( 0 ) \ cap A_ ( 1 ) = \ emptyset ) , we get a function f ( \ displaystyle f ) , and the f ( \ displaystyle f ) of `` definition '' is well - defined ( as a function ) .
Tax protester statutory arguments
The Internal Revenue Code general definition of the term `` state '' in section 7701 is as follows :
Well-defined
Then f ( \ displaystyle f ) is well - defined if A 0 ∩ A 1 = ∅ ( \ displaystyle A_ ( 0 ) \ cap A_ ( 1 ) = \ emptyset ) . This is e. g . the case when A 0 : = ( 2 , 4 ) , A 1 : = ( 3 , 5 ) ( \ displaystyle A_ ( 0 ) : = \ ( 2 , 4 \ ) , A_ ( 1 ) : = \ ( 3 , 5 \ ) ) ( then f ( a ) happens to be mod ⁡ ( a , 2 ) ( \ displaystyle \ operatorname ( mod ) ( a , 2 ) ) ) .
Well-defined
Despite these subtle logical problems , it is quite common to anticipatorily use the term definition ( without apostrophes ) for `` definitions '' of this kind , firstly because it is sort of a short - hand of the two - step approach , secondly because the relevant mathematical reasoning ( step 2 . ) is the same in both cases , and finally because in mathematical texts the assertion is `` up to 100 % '' true .
Tax protester statutory arguments
Other subparts of the Internal Revenue Code list the District of Columbia and territories of the United States in response to the definition of `` State , '' or geographically , the `` United States '' ( 26 C.F.R § 31.3132 ( e ) - 1 )
Tax protester statutory arguments
Regarding Federal income tax returns for single ( unmarried ) individuals , 26 U.S.C. § 6012 provides ( in part ) :
Impeachment
The Constitution defines impeachment at the federal level and limits impeachment to `` The President , Vice President , and all civil officers of the United States '' who may be impeached and removed only for `` treason , bribery , or other high crimes and misdemeanors '' . Several commentators have suggested that Congress alone may decide for itself what constitutes a `` high crime or misdemeanor '' , especially since Nixon v. United States stated that the Supreme Court did not have the authority to determine whether the Senate properly `` tried '' a defendant . In 1970 , then - House Minority Leader Gerald R. Ford defined the criterion as he saw it : `` An impeachable offense is whatever a majority of the House of Representatives considers it to be at a given moment in history . '' Officials
Medical device
This includes devices that do not achieve their principal intended action in or on the human body by pharmacological , immunological , or metabolic means -- but may be assisted in their function by such means .
Year and a day rule
The phrase `` year and a day rule '' is associated with the former common law standard that death could not be legally attributed to acts or omissions that occurred more than a year and a day before the death .
Morpheme
Every morpheme can be classified as either free or bound . These categories are mutually exclusive , and as such , a given morpheme will belong to exactly one of them .
Tax protester statutory arguments
The term `` State '' shall be construed to include the District of Columbia , where such construction is necessary to carry out provisions of this title .
Twelve Tables
Table V ( Estates and Guardianship ) : `` Female heirs should remain under guardianship even when they have attained the age of majority , but exception is made for the Vestal Virgins . '' Table VI ( Ownership and Possession ) : `` Where a woman , who has not been united to a man in marriage , lives with him for an entire year without an interruption of three nights , she shall pass into his power as his legal wife . '' Table X ( Religion ) : `` Women shall not during a funeral lacerate their faces , or tear their cheeks with their nails ; nor shall they utter loud cries bewailing the dead . ''
Expenditures in the United States federal budget
Discretionary spending requires an annual appropriation bill , which is a piece of legislation . Discretionary spending is typically set by the House and Senate Appropriations Committees and their various subcommittees . Since the spending is typically for a fixed period ( usually a year ) , it is said to be under the discretion of the Congress . Some appropriations last for more than one year ( see Appropriation bill for details ) . In particular , multi-year appropriations are often used for housing programs and military procurement programs .
Expenditures in the United States federal budget
The Congressional Budget Office ( CBO ) reports the costs of mandatory spending programs in a variety of annual and special topic publications . Congress can affect spending on entitlement programs by changing eligibility requirements or the structure of programs . Certain entitlement programs , because the language authorizing them are included in appropriation bills , are termed `` appropriated entitlements . '' This is a convention rather than a substantive distinction , since the programs , such as Food Stamps , would continue to be funded even if the appropriation bill were to be vetoed or otherwise not enacted .
Public administration
The North American Industry Classification System definition of the Public Administration ( NAICS 91 ) sector states that public administration `` ... comprises establishments primarily engaged in activities of a governmental nature , that is , the enactment and judicial interpretation of laws and their pursuant regulations , and the administration of programs based on them '' . This includes `` Legislative activities , taxation , national defense , public order and safety , immigration services , foreign affairs and international assistance , and the administration of government programs are activities that are purely governmental in nature '' .
Cousin marriage
Charles Darwin and his wife Emma were first cousins . Part of a series on the Anthropology of kinship Basic concepts ( hide ) Affinity Consanguinity Marriage Incest taboo Endogamy Exogamy Moiety Monogamy Polygyny Polygamy Concubinage Polyandry Bride price Bride service Dowry Parallel / cross cousins Cousin marriage Levirate Sororate Ghost marriage Joking relationship Family Lineage Clan Cohabitation Fictive / Milk / Nurture kinship Descent Cognatic / Bilateral Matrilateral House society Avunculate Linealities Ambilineality Unilineality Matrilineality Patrilineality Household forms and residence Extended Matrifocal Matrilocal Nuclear Patrilocal Terminology ( show ) Kinship terminology Classificatory terminologies By group Iroquois Crow Omaha Eskimo Hawaiian Sudanese Dravidian Case studies ( show ) Australian Aboriginal Burmese Chinese Philippine Polyandry in Tibet / in India Feminist Chambri Mosuo Sexuality Coming of Age in Samoa Major theorists ( show ) Diane Bell Tom Boellstorff Jack Goody Gilbert Herdt Don Kulick Roger Lancaster Louise Lamphere Eleanor Leacock Claude Lévi - Strauss Bronisław Malinowski Margaret Mead Henrietta Moore Lewis H. Morgan Stephen O. Murray Michelle Rosaldo David M. Schneider Marilyn Strathern Related articles ( show ) Alliance theory Matrilineal / matrilocal societies Feminist anthropology Sex and Repression in Savage Society Social Bonding and Nurture Kinship Social anthropology Cultural anthropology
Lobbying in the United States
Lobbying activities means `` lobbying contacts and efforts in support of such contacts , including preparation and planning activities , research and other background work that is intended , at the time it is performed , for use in contacts , and coordination with the lobbying activities of others . '' Lobbying contact means `` any oral or written communication ( including an electronic communication ) to a covered executive branch official or a covered legislative branch official '' .
United States budget process
After both houses pass a budget resolution , selected Representatives and Senators negotiate a conference report to reconcile differences between the House and the Senate versions . The conference report , in order to become binding , must be approved by both the House and Senate .
Diff'rent Strokes
Phillip proposed to Maggie , and they married . Several past characters attended the wedding ceremony including Dudley , Aunt Sophia , Adelaide and Mrs. Garrett .
Dan in Real Life
The film ends with Dan and Marie celebrating their wedding at his parents ' Rhode Island home , and Mitch happily dancing with Ruthie .
Archie Marries Veronica/Archie Marries Betty
The wedding goes smoothly . Mr. and Mrs. Lodge walk Veronica down the aisle as all of Riverdale watches . Archie and Veronica become husband and wife as Betty looks on tearfully , but happily . At the reception , Archie and Veronica share their first dance to `` Sugar , Sugar '' , speeches are made , the cake is cut , and the bouquet is tossed . Betty catches it and walks away trying to hide her tears . Veronica catches up to her to make sure she 's okay . Archie and Veronica then depart on their honeymoon to a remote island in the Caribbean owned by the Lodges .
Jumping the broom
In the 2016 film The Birth of a Nation , a couple getting betrothed is seen jumping a broom .
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
In addition to these regularly scheduled meetings , additional meetings are frequently held at the meetinghouse . Auxiliary officers may conduct leadership meetings or host training sessions and classes . The ward or branch community may schedule social activities at the meetinghouse , including dances , dinners , holiday parties and musical presentations . The church 's Young Men and Young Women organizations meet at the meetinghouse once a week , where the youth participate in activities and work on Duty to God , Scouting , or Personal Progress . Other popular activities are basketball , family history conferences , youth and singles conferences , dances , and various personal improvement classes . Church members may also reserve meetinghouses at no cost for weddings , receptions , and funerals .
Unity candle
The use of unity candles is a very recent tradition , though the meaning assigned to the candles can vary .
Jumping the broom
The custom of a marrying couple literally jumping over a broom is now most widespread among African Americans , popularized in the 1970s by the novel and miniseries Roots but originating in the mid 19th century as a practice in antebellum slavery in the United States .
Pomp and Circumstance Marches
In the wedding of Charles , Prince of Wales , and Lady Diana Spencer , Pomp and Circumstance No. 4 served as the recessional . As Diana 's veil was lifted and the couple bowed and curtsied to Queen Elizabeth II , the opening notes sounded and continued as they walked down the aisle of St Paul 's Cathedral out to the portico and the waiting crowds . Description
Jumping the broom
Other sources have stepping over a broom as a test of chastity , while putting out a broom was also said to be a sign `` that the housewife 's place is vacant '' and a way , therefore , of advertising for a wife .
Australia Day
In response , official celebrations have tried to include Indigenous people , holding ceremonies such as the Woggan - ma - gule ceremony , held in Sydney , which honours the past and celebrates the present .
Chinese marriage
first bow - Heaven and Earth second bow - ancestors third bow - parents fourth bow - spouse
Wedding cake
In modern society , the most popular wedding cake is called `` traditional stack cake '' . This consists of layers of tiers - which can be a different flavors -- positioned directly on top of the last `` . The traditional stack wedding cake is similar to the tiered cake . Often they are filled with flowers or columns to add visual impact and height . Separators can include jewels , shells , flowers and the like or can be completely separated by using traditional chrome stands .
Wedding cake
Wedding cake A three - layer wedding cake with pillar supports and `` topper '' figures Type Cake Cookbook : Wedding cake Media : Wedding cake
Celebratory gunfire
April 6 , 2014 : A 20 - year - old pregnant mother of two , Wadia Baidawi , was struck in the head and killed by a stray bullet from her neighbor 's wedding in Sidon , Lebanon . November 21 , 2012 : Following a cease - fire ending fighting with Israel , celebratory gunfire in the Gaza Strip killed a man and wounded three others . October 30 , 2012 : Twenty - three people were electrocuted after celebratory gunfire brought down a power cable during a wedding party in eastern Saudi Arabia . August 2012 : A Kuwaiti bridegroom was killed when a friend of his accidentally shot him as he charged his gun to fire into the air in celebration . August 2010 : 2 people were killed and 13 were injured in Jordan , as part of the yearly celebration of the announcement of the result of Tawjihi . July 29 , 2007 : At least four people were killed and 17 others wounded by celebratory gunfire in the capital city of Baghdad , Iraq , following the victory of the national football team in the AFC Asian Cup . Celebratory gunfire occurred despite warnings issued by Iraqi security forces and the country 's leading Shiite cleric , Grand Ayatollah Ali al - Sistani , who forbade the gunfire with a religious fatwā . July 22 , 2003 : More than 20 people were killed in Iraq from celebratory gunfire following the deaths of Saddam Hussein 's sons Uday and Qusay in 2003 .
Gender reveal
A gender reveal party is a celebration where either the guests , the expecting parents , or both find out the gender of the baby .
Godparent
The Spanish and Portuguese words for the godparent roles are used for members of the wedding party -- padrino / padrinho meaning `` godfather '' or `` best man '' and madrina / madrinha meaning `` godmother '' or `` matron of honor '' , reflecting the custom of baptismal sponsors acting in this role in a couple 's wedding .
Jumping the broom
There have been occasional speculations to the effect that the custom may have origins in West Africa , but there is no direct evidence for this , although Dundes points to a custom of Ghana where brooms were waved above the heads of newlyweds and their parents . Among southern Africans , who were largely not a part of the Atlantic slave trade , it represented the wife 's commitment or willingness to clean the courtyard of the new home she had joined . Tyler D. Parry argues the Ghanaian connection is a weak case for its origins , especially considering the ritual used by slaves bears far more similarities to the custom in the British Isles . Parry argues that , despite the racial animus that characterized the US South in the nineteenth century , poor white southerners ( many of them descendants of people who used irregular forms of matrimony in Britain ) and enslaved people exchanged their cultures between one another at far greater rates than commonly acknowledged . Enslaved people who mentioned
The Bahamas
Regattas are important social events in many family island settlements . They usually feature one or more days of sailing by old - fashioned work boats , as well as an onshore festival .
Wedding cake
White cake is currently the most traditional wedding cake flavor , but different flavors of filling can be added between layers . Chocolate , carrot , Italian Rum and Italian Cream are also popular choices . Frosting can be a classic smooth surface or combined with drizzle , swirls , or chips .
Jumping the broom
Dundes ( 1996 ) notes the unusual development of how `` a custom which slaves were forced to observe by their white masters has been revived a century later by African Americans as a treasured tradition '' .
Wedding cake
Wedding cakes come in several types , such as traditional wedding cakes , wedding cakes based on flavor , smaller cakes or individual cakes , frosted cakes , and cupcakes . Traditional wedding cakes are white , including decoration and icing varieties such as buttercream , almond . etc . Wedding cakes based on flavor include chocolate , vanilla , or strawberry . Smaller cakes or individual cakes can be more efficient in terms of price . Frosted cakes are popular due to the large amount of cream .
Baptism
The word `` baptism '' or `` christening '' is sometimes used to describe the inauguration of certain objects for use . Boats