vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
Sergeant Genaust , who was standing almost shoulder - to - shoulder with Rosenthal about three feet away , was shooting motion - picture film during the second flag - raising . His film captures the second event at an almost - identical angle to Rosenthal 's shot . Of the six flag - raisers in the picture -- Ira Hayes , Harold Schultz ( identified in June 2016 ) , Michael Strank , Franklin Sousley , Rene Gagnon , and Harlon Block -- only Hayes , Gagnon , and Schultz ( Navy corpsman John Bradley was incorrectly identified in the Rosenthal flag - raising photo ) survived the battle . Strank and Block were killed on March 1 , six days after the flag - raising , Strank by a shell , possibly fired from an offshore American destroyer and Block a few hours later by a mortar round . Sousley was shot and killed by a Japanese sniper on March 21 , a few days before the island was declared secure .
Wind turbine
The key disadvantages include the relatively low rotational speed with the consequential higher torque and hence higher cost of the drive train , the inherently lower power coefficient , the 360 - degree rotation of the aerofoil within the wind flow during each cycle and hence the highly dynamic loading on the blade , the pulsating torque generated by some rotor designs on the drive train , and the difficulty of modelling the wind flow accurately and hence the challenges of analysing and designing the rotor prior to fabricating a prototype .
Korean War
Immediately on his return to Beijing on 18 October 1950 , Zhou met with Mao Zedong , Peng Dehuai , and Gao Gang , and the group ordered two hundred thousand Chinese troops to enter North Korea , which they did on 25 October . UN aerial reconnaissance had difficulty sighting PVA units in daytime , because their march and bivouac discipline minimized aerial detection . The PVA marched `` dark - to - dark '' ( 19 : 00 -- 03 : 00 ) , and aerial camouflage ( concealing soldiers , pack animals , and equipment ) was deployed by 05 : 30 . Meanwhile , daylight advance parties scouted for the next bivouac site . During daylight activity or marching , soldiers were to remain motionless if an aircraft appeared , until it flew away ; PVA officers were under order to shoot security violators . Such battlefield discipline allowed a three - division army to march the 460 km ( 286 mi ) from An - tung , Manchuria , to the combat zone in some 19 days . Another division night - marched a circuitous mountain route , averaging 29 km ( 18 mi ) daily for 18 days .
Battle of Mogadishu (1993)
Repeated attempts by the Somalis to mass forces and overrun the American positions in a series of firefights near the first crash site were neutralized by aggressive small arms fire and by strafing runs and rocket attacks from AH - 6J Little Bird helicopter gunships of the Nightstalkers , the only air unit equipped and trained for night fighting . Relief
Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
There were two American flags raised on top of Mount Suribachi , on February 23 , 1945 . The photograph Rosenthal took was actually of the second flag - raising in which a larger replacement flag was raised by Marines who did not raise the first flag .
Ship
Liners , cruise and Special Trade Passenger ( STP ) ships Cross-channel , coastal and harbour ferries . Luxury & cruising yachts Sail training and multi-masted ships
Shotgun
Flare rounds are sometimes carried by hunters for safety and rescue purposes . They are available in low and high altitude versions . Some brands claim they can reach a height of up to 200 m ( 660 ft ) .
Hot air balloon
The major manufacturers in Canada are Sundance Balloons and Fantasy Sky Promotions . Other manufacturers include Kavanagh Balloons of Australia , Schroeder Fire Balloons of Germany , Kubicek Balloons of the Czech Republic , and LLopis Balloons of France .
Hot air balloon
Further safety equipment may include a first - aid kit , a fire blanket and a strong rescue knife .
Hot air balloon
A fire extinguisher suitable for extinguishing propane fires is useful . Most balloons carry a 1 or 2 kg AB : E type fire extinguisher .
Ship
Cable layers Tugboats , dredgers , salvage vessels , tenders , Pilot boats . Floating dry docks , floating cranes , lightership .
Hot air balloon
An older , and presently less commonly used , style of top vent is called a `` Velcro - style '' vent . This too is a disk of fabric at the top of the balloon . However , rather than having a set of `` vent lines '' that can repeatedly open and close the vent , the vent is secured by `` hook and loop '' fasteners ( such as Velcro ) and is only opened at the end of the flight . Balloons equipped with a Velcro - style vent typically have a second `` maneuvering vent '' built into the side ( as opposed to the top ) of the balloon . Another common type of top design is the `` Smart Vent , '' which , rather than lowering a fabric disc into the envelope as in the `` parachute '' type , gathers the fabric together in the center of the opening . This system can theoretically be used for in - flight maneuvering , but is more commonly used only as a rapid - deflation device for use after landing , of particular value in high winds . Other designs , such as the `` pop top '' and `` MultiVent '' systems , have also attempted to address the need for rapid deflation on landing , but the parachute top remains popular as an all - around maneuvering and deflation system . Shape
Shotgun
For most of the history of the shotgun , the break - action breech loading double was the most common type , typically divided into two subtypes : the traditional `` side by side '' shotgun features two barrels mounted one beside the other ( as the name suggests ) , whereas the `` over and under '' shotgun has the two barrels mounted one on top of the other . Side by side shotguns were traditionally used for hunting and other sporting pursuits ( early long barreled side - by side shotguns were known as `` fowling pieces '' for their use hunting ducks and other birds ) , whereas over and under shotguns are more commonly associated with recreational use ( such as clay pigeon and skeet shooting ) . Both types of double - barrel shotgun are used for hunting and sporting use , with the individual configuration largely being a matter of personal preference .
List of military special forces units
List of non-combat military special units List of defunct special forces units List of paratrooper forces List of marine forces List of police tactical units List of military diving units List of air force infantry and special forces units List of Special reconnaissance units
Special police
Garda Crime & Security Branch Garda Special Detective Unit Garda Emergency Response Unit Garda National Surveillance Unit Garda Regional Support Units Airport Police Service Dublin Harbour Police Dún Laoghaire Harbour Police Military Police Corps
Grip (job)
Hi Roller Stand -- A wide based stand that may extend up to 20 feet , it provides stability when used as support for butterflies and overheads on locations or supports large backdrops in a studio setting .
Hot air balloon
The burner and fuel system must also be kept clean to ensure safe operation on demand . Damaged fuel hoses need to be replaced . Stuck or leaky valves must be repaired or replaced . The wicker basket may require occasional refinishing or repair . The skids on its bottom may require occasional replacement .
Sundial
In another variation of the polar - axis - aligned cylindrical , a cylindrical dial could be rendered as a helical ribbon - like surface , with a thin gnomon located either along its center or at its periphery .
Shotgun
Fully automatic shotguns , such as Auto Assault - 12 ( AA - 12 ) also exist , but they 're still rare . Bolt
Hot rod
Typical of builds from before World War Two were ' 35 Ford wire - spoke wheels .
Ultraviolet
Perennial news feature for many television news organizations involves an investigative reporter 's using a similar device to reveal unsanitary conditions in hotels , public toilets , hand rails , and such . Chemistry
Shotgun
Backpacker shotguns are popular for `` home defense '' purposes and as `` survival '' weapons . Other examples include a variety of . 410 / rifle `` survival '' guns manufactured in over / under designs . In the drilling arrangement , a rimfire or centrefire rifle barrel is located beneath the barrel of a . 410 gauge shotgun . Generally , there is one manually cocked external hammer and an external selection lever to select which caliber of cartridge to fire . A notable example is the Springfield Armory M6 Scout , a . 410 / . 22 issued to United States Air Force personnel as a `` survival '' gun in the event of a forced landing or accident in a wilderness area . Variants have been used by Israeli , Canadian , and American armed forces . Shotgun - rifle combination guns with two , three , and occasionally even four barrels are available from a number of makers , primarily European . These provided flexibility , enabling the hunter to effectively shoot at flushing birds or more distant small mammals while only carrying one gun .
Hot air balloon
In the case of a snag , burn , or rip in the envelope fabric , a patch may be applied or the affected panel completely replaced . Patches may be held in place with glue , tape , stitching , or a combination of these techniques . Replacing an entire panel requires the stitching around the old panel to be removed , and a new panel to be sewn in with the appropriate technique , thread , and stitch pattern .
Hot air balloon
The second largest manufacturer of hot air balloons in the world is Ultramagic company , based in Spain , which produces from 80 to 120 balloons per year . Ultramagic can produce very large balloons , such as the N - 500 that accommodates as many as 27 persons in the basket , and has also produced many balloons with special shapes , as well as cold - air inflatables . One
Photo booth
Animated GIF Flip book printing Virtual props , placed intelligently on the person 's eyes or shoulders etc . Slow - motion video Green - screen background removal Fun costume virtual dressing Games - mostly Kinect body gesture controlled games , and print a photo of the person and his / her scores Facial gesture recognition
Lundy
A grass runway of 435 by 30 yards ( 398 by 27 m ) is available , allowing access to small STOL aircraft skilfully piloted .
Barbados
There is also a helicopter shuttle service , which offers air taxi services to a number of sites around the island , mainly on the West Coast tourist belt . Air and maritime traffic is regulated by the Barbados Port Authority .
Rear-view mirror
The rear - view mirror is augmented by one or more side - view mirrors , which serve as the only rear - vision mirrors on motorcycles and bicycles .
Sundial
The Capuchin sundials are constructed and used graphically , as opposed the direct hour - angle measurements of horizontal or equatorial dials ; or the calculated hour angle lines of some altitude and azimuth dials .
Batmobile
smoke and oil dispensers wheel slasher hubs missile rack , tear gas dispensers ejection seats titanium alloy wheels and body panels reversible jet exhausts shield platings Replicas
Pub
Other subjects that lent themselves to visual depiction included the name of battles ( e.g. Trafalgar ) , explorers , local notables , discoveries , sporting heroes and members of the royal family . Some pub signs are in the form of a pictorial pun or rebus . For example , a pub in Crowborough , East Sussex called The Crow and Gate has an image of a crow with gates as wings . A British Pathe News film of 1956 shows artist Michael Farrar - Bell at work producing inn signs .
Nairobi
Wilson Airport ; A general aviation airport handling smaller aircraft mostly propeller driven . In July 2016 , construction of a new Air Traffic Control Tower commenced at a cost of KES 163 Million ( approximately USD 1.63 Million )
Shotgun
Some of the most common uses of shotguns are the sports of skeet shooting , trap shooting , and sporting clays . These involve shooting clay discs , also known as clay pigeons , thrown in by hand and by machine . Both skeet and trap competitions are featured at the Olympic Games .
Sundial
Many of these dials are portable and simple to use . As is often the case with other sundials , many altitude dials are designed for only one latitude . But the capuchin dial ( described below ) has a version that 's adjustable for latitude .
Sundial
There are various solution approaches , including some using the methods of rotation matrices , and some making a 3D model of the reclined - declined plane and its vertical declined counterpart plane , extracting the geometrical relationships between the hour angle components on both these planes and then reducing the trigonometric algebra .
Model (person)
`` Gravure '' ( グラビア ) is a Wasei - eigo term derived from `` rotogravure '' , which is a type of intaglio printing process that was once a staple of newspaper photo features . The rotogravure process is still used for commercial printing of magazines , postcards , and cardboard product packaging .
Microphone
Various microphone covers Two recordings being made -- a blimp is being used on the left . An open - cell foam windscreen is being used on the right . `` Dead cat '' and a `` dead kitten '' windscreens . The dead kitten covers a stereo microphone for a DSLR camera . The difference in name is due to the size of the fur .
Ship
Dry cargo ships -- tramp freighters , bulk carriers , cargo liners , container vessels , barge carriers , Ro - Ro ships , refrigerated cargo ships , timber carriers , livestock & light vehicle carriers . Liquid cargo ships -- Oil tankers , liquefied gas carriers , chemical carriers . Passenger vessels
Batmobile
Other bat - vehicles soon followed , including the Batcycle , Batboat , and Robin 's Redbird .
Hot air balloon
Propane fuel tanks are usually cylindrical pressure vessels made from aluminium , stainless steel , or titanium with a valve at one end to feed the burner and to refuel . They may have a fuel gauge and a pressure gauge . Common tank sizes are 10 ( 38 ) , 15 ( 57 ) , and 20 ( 76 ) US gallons ( liters ) . They may be intended for upright or horizontal use , and may be mounted inside or outside the basket . Stainless
Sundial
In addition to the ordinary Capuchin dial , there is a universal Capuchin dial , adjustable for latitude .
Batmobile
This section needs expansion . You can help by adding to it . ( August 2015 ) ``
Hot air balloon
A handling or drop line is mandatory safety equipment in many countries . This is a rope or webbing of 20 -- 30 meters in length attached to the balloon basket with a quick release connection at one end . In very calm winds the balloon pilot can throw the handling line from the balloon so that the ground crew can guide the balloon safely away from obstructions on the ground .
Communications satellite
Fixed satellite service ( FSS ) Broadcasting satellite service ( BSS ) Mobile - satellite service Radionavigation - satellite service Meteorological - satellite service Amateur - satellite service
Shotgun
As wing shooting has been a prestige sport , specialty gunsmiths such as Krieghoff or Perazzi have produced fancy double - barrel guns for wealthy European and American hunters . These weapons can cost US $5,000 or more ; some elaborately decorated presentation guns have sold for up to US $100,000 .
Victoria Falls
Klipspringers , honey badgers , lizards and clawless otters can be glimpsed in the gorges , but they are mainly known for 35 species of raptors . The Taita falcon , black eagle , peregrine falcon and augur buzzard breed there . Above the falls , herons , fish eagles and numerous kinds of waterfowl are common .
Red-tailed hawk
The four island forms , jamaicensis , solitudinus , socorroensis , and fumosus , do not overlap in range with any other subspecies .
Shotgun
Bird bombs are low - powered rounds that fire a firecracker that is fused to explode a short time after firing . They are designed to scare animals , such as birds that congregate on airport runways .
Space Shuttle retirement
The runway at KSC is currently used as a normal runway for the center and neighboring Cape Canaveral 's daily operations . It may be used to land the X-37B and Sierra Nevada Dream Chaser spaceplanes . the SLF received its first landing since the Atlantis in June 2017 when the USAF X-37B landed on it at the end of almost 2 years in orbit .
Sundial
When not in use , the equatorial and meridian rings can be folded together into a small disk .
Nuclear weapon
This section is empty . You can help by adding to it . ( July 2017 )
Distinctive unit insignia
The shield shape design is used to identify color bearing organizations ( for example , regiments and battalions ) . Other design patterns will be used for non-color bearing units . The design is based on war service , assignment or accomplishments . Cartoon characters or logos are not authorized as design elements . Symbols are to represent mission rather than actual equipment as equipment becomes out - of - date . Unit designations , numerals , letters , geographical outlines , reproductions of other insignia will not be included as part of the design .
List of military special forces units
Special Operations Air Group 10 Special Operations Air Group 15 Special Operations Air Group 17
Hot air balloon
The lift generated by 100,000 ft3 ( 2831.7 m3 ) of dry air heated to various temperatures may be calculated as follows :
Sundial
Extremely ornate sundials can be composed in this way , by applying a sundial to every surface of a solid object .
Hot air balloon
Envelopes often have a crown ring at their very top . This is a hoop of smooth metal , usually aluminium , and approximately 1 ft ( 0.30 m ) in diameter . Vertical load tapes from the envelope are attached to the crown ring .
Sundial
Some types of sundials are designed with a fixed gnomon that is not aligned with the celestial poles like a vertical obelisk . Such sundials are covered below under the section , `` Nodus - based sundials '' .
List of military special forces units
Commando ( Binh chủng Đặc công ) , including : Land commando ( Đặc công bộ ) Naval commando ( Đặc công nước or Đặc nhiệm Hải quân ) Airborne commando ( Đặc công dù ) Special reconnaissance ( Trinh sát Đặc nhiệm ) : the reconnaissance force is not a separate branch , every armed branch has a reconnaissance team .
Chroma key
There is also a form of color keying that uses light spectrum invisible to human eye . Called Thermo - Key , it uses infrared as the key color , which would not be replaced by background image during postprocessing .
Shotgun
Different gauges have different typical applications . Twelve gauge shotguns are common for hunting geese , large ducks , or other big larger gamebirds ; professional skeet and trap shooting ; military applications ; and home - defense applications . Sixteen gauge shotguns were once common for hunters who wanted to use only a single shotgun for gamebirds normally pursued with twelve or twenty gauge shotguns , but have become rarer in recent years . Twenty gauge shotguns are often used for gamebirds such as doves , smaller ducks , and quail . Twenty - eight gauge shotguns are not common , but are classic quail - hunting guns ... 410 shotguns are typically used for squirrel hunting or for sportsmen seeking the challenge of killing game with a smaller load .
Hot air balloon
A range of envelope sizes is available . The smallest , one - person , basket-less balloons ( called `` Hoppers '' or `` Cloudhoppers '' ) have as little as 600 m ( 21,000 cu ft ) of envelope volume ; for a perfect sphere the radius would be around 5 m ( 16 ft ) . At the other end of the scale , balloons used by commercial sightseeing operations may be able to carry well over two dozen people , with envelope volumes of up to 17,000 m ( 600,000 cu ft ) . The most - used size is about 2,800 m ( 99,000 cu ft ) , and can carry 3 to 5 people . Vents
Grip (job)
Offset Arm -- A stand - mounted lighting fixture that can be extended off center over a wall or other object .
Night vision
Night vision systems can also be installed in vehicles . An automotive night vision system is used to improve a vehicle driver 's perception and seeing distance in darkness or poor weather . Such systems typically use infrared cameras , sometimes combined with active illumination techniques , to collect information that is then displayed to the driver . Such systems are currently offered as optional equipment on certain premium vehicles .
Shotgun
Screechers fire a pyrotechnic whistle that emits a loud whistling sound for the duration of its flight . These are also used to scare animals .
Card throwing
Many magicians commissioned specially printed cards , known as throwing cards , throwouts , scaling cards or souvenir cards to use for these purposes . Generally , such cards featured the image and name of the magician , and often featured optical illusions , mystical images , and text and graphics from other advertisers .
Shotgun
The extremely large caliber of shotgun shells has led to a wide variety of different ammunition .
Barn owl
Other research tools include using GPS trackers fitted onto the barn owl allowing precise location tracking of the owl .
Solar cell
An online simulation tool is available to model the performance of bifacial modules in any arbitrary location across the entire world . It can also optimize bifacial modules as a function of tilt angle , azimuth angle , and elevation above the ground .
Hot air balloon
The fabric ( or at least part of it , the top 1 / 3 for example ) may be coated with a sealer , such as silicone or polyurethane , to make it impermeable to air . It is often the degradation of this coating and the corresponding loss of impermeability that ends the effective life of an envelope , not weakening of the fabric itself . Heat , moisture , and mechanical wear - and - tear during set - up and pack - up are the primary causes of degradation . Once an envelope becomes too porous to fly , it may be retired and discarded or perhaps used as a ' rag bag ' : cold inflated and opened for children to run through . Products for recoating the fabric are becoming available commercially . Sizes
Vietnam War
Two aircraft which were prominent in the war were the AC - 130 `` Spectre '' Gunship and the UH - 1 `` Huey '' gunship . The AC - 130 was a heavily armed ground - attack aircraft variant of the C - 130 Hercules transport plane ; it was used to provide close air support , air interdiction and force protection . The AC - 130H `` Spectre '' was armed with two 20 mm M61 Vulcan cannons , one Bofors 40mm autocannon , and one 105 mm M102 howitzer . The Huey is a military helicopter powered by a single , turboshaft engine , and approximately 7,000 UH - 1 aircraft saw service in Vietnam. The US ' heavily armored , 90 mm M48A3 Patton tank saw extensive action during the Vietnam War and over 600 were deployed with US Forces . At their disposal ground forces had access to B - 52 and F - 4 Phantom II and others to launch napalm , white phosphorus , tear gas and chemical weapons as well .
Shotgun
The unique properties of the shotgun , such as large case capacity , large bore , and the lack of rifling , has led to the development of a large variety of specialty shells , ranging from novelties to high tech military rounds . Hunting
V-weapons
This article is about the offensive use of the V - weapons and the military campaign in which they were employed . For descriptions of the individual weapons , see V - 1 flying bomb , V - 2 rocket and V - 3 cannon . For other German `` superweapons '' , see Wunderwaffe . V
Night vision
Night - useful spectral range techniques can sense radiation that is invisible to a human observer . Human vision is confined to a small portion of the electromagnetic spectrum called visible light . Enhanced spectral range allows the viewer to take advantage of non-visible sources of electromagnetic radiation ( such as near - infrared or ultraviolet radiation ) . Some animals such as the mantis shrimp can see using much more of the infrared and / or ultraviolet spectrum than humans . Spectrum