vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Population pyramid
To reverse the effects of youth bulges , specific policies such as creating more jobs , improving family planning programs , and reducing over all infant mortality rates should be a priority .
Terror management theory
On the other hand , death and thoughts of death can serve as a way of empowering the self , not as threats . Researchers , Cooper et al. ( 2011 ) explored TMHM in terms of empowerment , specifically using BSEs under two conditions ; when death thoughts were prompted , and when thoughts of death were non-conscious . According to TMHM , people 's health decisions , when death thoughts are not conscious , should be based on their motivations to act appropriately , in terms of the self and identity . Cooper et al. ( 2011 ) found that when mortality and death thoughts were primed , women reported more empowerment feelings than those who were not prompted before performing a BSE .
Primary election
The European think - tank Notre Europe also evokes the idea that European political parties should designate their candidate for Vice-president / High representative of the Union for foreign affairs . This would lead European parties to have `` presidential tickets '' on the American model .
The Gambia
Recently , Riders for Health , an international aid group focused on sub-Saharan countries in Africa , was noted for providing enough health - care vehicles for the entire country . Riders for Health manage and maintain vehicles for the government . The initiative addresses a major barrier to universal health care -- transport -- and allows health workers to visit three times as many villages every week .
GEICO advertising campaigns
A man who tries to cut his wife 's hair , while she sleeps , instead of going to the hairstylist . A man who can only rely on toll - free numbers . A man consolidating his 5 daughters ' weddings into one day . A woman carpooling with her daughter 's school bus . An umpire who can not pay for his contacts , using the lost pair of eyeglasses he found . A man turning his bathroom shower into an amusement attraction , instead of taking his family to an amusement park . A man using carrier pigeons to send letters because of the high cost of postage stamps . A man who ca n't spend money on the Internet for his home , thus using his neighbor 's unprotected connection . A woman who is dreaming of being in Machu Picchu because she can not buy airline tickets .
Tariff
For economic efficiency , free trade is often the best policy , however levying a tariff is sometimes second best .
Waste minimisation
Improving product durability , such as extending a vacuum cleaner 's useful life to 15 years instead of 12 , can reduce waste and usually much improves resource optimisation .
Ganesh Chaturthi
Why should n't we convert the large religious festivals into mass political rallies ? --
Lobbying in the United States
My style of lobbying is not to have big formal meetings , but to catch members on the fly as they 're walking between the House and the office buildings . -- a lobbyist commenting on access
Euthanasia
That in all cases of hopeless and painful illness , it should be the recognized duty of the medical attendant , whenever so desired by the patient , to administer chloroform or such other anaesthetic as may by - and - bye supersede chloroform -- so as to destroy consciousness at once , and put the sufferer to a quick and painless death ; all needful precautions being adopted to prevent any possible abuse of such duty ; and means being taken to establish , beyond the possibility of doubt or question , that the remedy was applied at the express wish of the patient . --
Star of David
We have no flag , and we need one . If we desire to lead many men , we must raise a symbol above their heads . I would suggest a white flag , with seven golden stars . The white field symbolizes our pure new life ; the stars are the seven golden hours of our working - day . For we shall march into the Promised Land carrying the badge of honor .
Marshall Plan
That BLS productivity personnel should serve on American - European councils for productivity ; that productivity targets ( based on American productivity standards ) can and should be implemented to increase productivity ; that there should be a general exchange and publication of information ; and that the `` technical abstract '' service should be the central source of information .
Talk:Mode (statistics)
Hi . I would like to see a section on how to effectively compute the mode of a list of numbers . That would be useful . -- Spoon ! 02 : 03 , 9 February 2007 ( UTC )
Terror management theory
According to Goldenberg and Arndt ( 2008 ) , certain health behaviors such as breast self - exams ( BSEs ) can consciously activate and facilitate people to think of death , especially their own death . While death can be instrumental for individuals , in some cases , when breast self - exams activate people 's death thoughts an obstacle can present itself , in terms of health promotion , because of the experience of fear and threat . Abel and Kruger ( 2009 ) have suggested that the stress caused by increased awareness of mortality when celebrating one 's birthday might explain the birthday effect , where mortality rates seem to spike around these days .
Shoplifting
When concealing , it is often best to conceal in a blind spot to avoid detection .
Quality of life
Improving quality of life involves action not only by NGOs , but also by governments . Global health has the potential to achieve greater political presence if governments were to incorporate aspects of human security into foreign policy . Stressing individuals ' basic rights to health , food , shelter , and freedom addresses prominent inter-sectoral problems negatively impacting today 's society and may lead to greater action and resources . Integration of global health concerns into foreign policy may be hampered by approaches that are shaped by the overarching roles of defense and diplomacy .
Education reform
Creativity is of the utmost importance when improving education . The `` creative teachers '' must have the confidence through training and availability of support and resources . These creative teachers are strongly encouraged to embrace a person - centered approach that develops the psychology of the educator ahead or in conjunction with the deployment of machines . Creative teachers have been also been inspired through Crowd - Accelerated Innovation . Crowd - Accelerated Innovation has pushed people to transition between media types and their understanding thereof at record - breaking paces . This process serves as a catalyst for creative direction and new methods of innovation . Innovation without desire and drive inevitably flat lines .
Necessity is the mother of invention
Russian : `` Голь на выдумки хитра . '' , which literally means `` poor people are crafty '' .
Education reform
Some of the methods and reforms have gained permanent advocates , and are widely utilized .
Ring size
Before accepting the equations and values in the article , consider the multiple dissenting opinions listed in the talk page and other sites .
The Gospel of Wealth
`` I should consider the best thing to do which is nothing but let my steel factory get ruined '' - Andrew Carnegie .
Truancy
There are experiences that show that thanks to the incorporation of Successful Educational Actions ( SEAs ) in schools with high absenteeism they have managed to reduce truancy and thus contribute to the improvement of academic success .
Mount Everest
A gormet pop - up restaurant at Everest Base camp was planned this year , making international news . A group of chefs planned a seven course meal featuring local ingredients , and one of the challenges of serving gourmet food at high altitude is that people 's sense of taste is altered . The Chef noted he planned to use the style of cooking Sous - vide on the expedition .
Birth control in the United States
Access to Most Effective Birth Control Could Save $12 Billion a Year : Study ... The cost savings from that drop ? About $12 billion in public health care costs each year , according to the new analysis .
Utilitarianism
Robert Goodin takes yet another approach and argues that the demandingness objection can be `` blunted '' by treating utilitarianism as a guide to public policy rather than one of individual morality . He suggests that many of the problems arise under the traditional formulation because the conscientious utilitarian ends up having to make up for the failings of others and so contributing more than their fair share .
California Smog Check Program
Air is susceptible to the Tragedy of the Commons , but that can be overcome with policy tools . In their book Environmental Law and Policy , Salzman and Thompson describe these policy tools as the `` 5 P 's '' - Prescriptive Regulation , Property Rights , Penalties , Payments , and Persuasion .
Lobbying in the United States
When getting access is difficult , there are ways to wear down the walls surrounding a legislator . Jack Abramoff explained :
Ring Up!
This article 's lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents . Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article . Please discuss this issue on the article 's talk page . ( December 2015 )
Terror management theory
The mortality salience hypothesis ( MS ) states that if indeed one 's cultural worldview , or one 's self - esteem , serves a death - denying function , then threatening these constructs should produce defenses aimed at restoring psychological equanimity ( i.e. , returning the individual to a state of feeling invulnerable ) . In the MS paradigm , these `` threats '' are simply experiential reminders of one 's own death . This can , and has , taken many different forms in a variety of study paradigms ( e.g. , asking participants to write about their own death ; conducting the experiment near funeral homes or cemeteries ; having participants watch graphic depictions of death , etc . ) . Like the other TMT hypotheses , the literature supporting the MS hypothesis is vast and diverse . For a meta analysis of MS research , see Burke et al. ( 2010 ) .
Timon and Pumbaa
Wild About Safety : Safety Smart At Home ! Wild About Safety : Safety Smart Healthy and Fit ! Wild About Safety : Safety Smart About Fire ! Wild About Safety : Safety Smart Goes Green ! Wild About Safety : Safety Smart In The Water ! Wild About Safety : Safety Smart Online ! Wild About Safety : Safety Smart Honest & Real ! Wild About Safety : Safety Smart On The Go !
Decline of Detroit
Milliken was perhaps the greatest missed opportunity of that period ... Had that gone the other way , it would have opened the door to fixing nearly all of Detroit 's current problems ... A deeply segregated city is kind of a hopeless problem . It becomes more and more troubled and there are fewer and fewer solutions. :
Scientific management
Furthermore , it can be observed that many companies try to make the workplace as comfortable as possible for the employees . This is achieved by light flooded rooms , Feng Shui methods in the workplace or even by creative jobs . The efficiency and creativity of the employees is to be promoted by a pleasant atmosphere at the workplace . Approaches of the Scientific Management , in which attempts are also made to make the work environment pleasant , are partly recognizable here .
Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church
The leaflet suggests ways of fulfilling Friday penance such as abstaining from meat or alcohol , visiting the Blessed Sacrament or helping the poor , sick and lonely as well as other suggestions . United
Pillow
The choice of bed pillow depends to some extent upon sleeping positions : one manufacturer recommends a thinner and softer pillow for sleeping face down , medium support for sleeping on one 's back , and a thicker and firmer pillow for sleeping on the side .
Poudre School District
This year , a female undergrad student attending Colorado State University started an engineering club just for girls at Zach Elementary School , to provide the kind of hands - on engineering experiences she wished she 'd had growing up .
James Stockdale
This is a very important lesson . You must never confuse faith that you will prevail in the end -- which you can never afford to lose -- with the discipline to confront the most brutal facts of your current reality , whatever they might be .
Sadness
Being attentive to , and patient with , one 's sadness may also be a way for people to learn through solitude ; while emotional support to help people stay with their sadness can be further helpful . Such an approach is fueled by the underlying belief that loss ( when felt wholeheartedly ) can lead to a new sense of aliveness , and to a re-engagement with the outside world .
Wonder Woman
Not even girls want to be girls so long as our feminine archetype lacks force , strength , and power . Not wanting to be girls , they do n't want to be tender , submissive , peace - loving as good women are . Women 's strong qualities have become despised because of their weakness . The obvious remedy is to create a feminine character with all the strength of Superman plus all the allure of a good and beautiful woman .
Demand curve
A number of business publications have published opinion pieces on the actions that raise demand .
Waste minimisation
Many choices involve trade - offs of environmental impact , and often there is insufficient information to make informed decisions .
Indirect rule
The condition of a protected dependency is more acceptable to the half civilized races , and more suitable for them than direct dominion . It is cheaper , simpler , less wounding to their self - esteem , gives them more career as public officials , and spares of unnecessary contact with white men .
GEICO advertising campaigns
Painting : A man is showing a woman his new painting and asks for her opinion . Instead , she tells him that switching to GEICO could save money on car insurance . Call - in Show : A woman is hosting a talk radio show , until the guy she once dated calls in asking why she never called back , so she says switching to GEICO could save hundreds on car insurance . Trivia Contest : The question being asked is `` What color is the White House ? '' When the contestant does not know the answer to this simple question , he says that switching to GEICO could save money on car insurance . Love Advice :
Waste minimisation
In some cases , it may be best not to minimise the volume of raw materials used to make a product , but instead reduce the volume or toxicity of the waste created at the end of a product 's life , or the environmental impact of the product 's use . ( See section Durability ) . Fitting
Lobbying in the United States
Access is important and often means a one - on - one meeting with a legislator . Getting access can sometimes be difficult , but there are various avenues : email , personal letters , phone calls , face - to - face meetings , meals , get - togethers , and even chasing after congresspersons in the Capitol building :
Note-taking
However , computerized note - taking , whether with a word processor , an outliner like Workflowy , or a digital notebook program such as OneNote , Evernote or TiddlyWiki , provides the opportunity to revise easily and add more entries or rows to the outline .
Positron emission tomography
Research has shown that Bayesian methods that involve a Poisson likelihood function and an appropriate prior probability ( e.g. , a smoothing prior leading to total variation regularization or a Laplacian distribution leading to l 1 ( \ displaystyle \ ell _ ( 1 ) ) - based regularization in a wavelet or other domain ) , such as via Ulf Grenander 's Sieve estimator or via Bayes penalty methods or via I.J. Good 's roughness method , may yield superior performance to expectation - maximization - based methods which involve a Poisson likelihood function but do not involve such a prior .
Education reform
Another barrier to reform is assuming that schools are like businesses -- when in fact they are very different .
Friend of Dorothy
Such meetings have expanded in popularity and frequency over the years . Now , many cruise lines will have multiple FOD events , sometimes as many as one each night . Despite this , many FOD meetings have low turnout rates .
Sun path
This section is too long . Consider splitting it into new pages , adding subheadings , or condensing it . ( June 2017 )
Birth control in the United States
This article 's lead section does not adequately summarize key points of its contents . Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article . Please discuss this issue on the article 's talk page . ( June 2013 ) Margaret
Bias of an estimator
A far more extreme case of a biased estimator being better than any unbiased estimator arises from the Poisson distribution . Suppose that X has a Poisson distribution with expectation λ . Suppose it is desired to estimate
Lobbying in the United States
Lobbying is no more perfect than is the practice of law or the practice of medicine . --
Think globally, act locally
The phrase `` Think globally , act locally '' or `` Think global , act local '' has been used in various contexts , including planning , environment , education , mathematics , and business .
Women's empowerment
Economic empowerment increases women 's agency , access to formal government programs , mobility outside the home , economic independence , and purchasing power . Policy makers are suggested to support job training to aid in entrance in the formal markets . One recommendation is to provide more formal education opportunities for women that would allow for higher bargaining power in the home . They would have more access to higher wages outside the home ; and as a result , make it easier for women to get a job in the market .
California High-Speed Rail
Develop bold , long - term visions for the HSR corridors and stations . Where possible site HSR stations in central city locations . In rural areas emphasize train speed , in urban areas emphasize transit connectivity . Plan for and encourage the non-transit roles of the HSR stations .
Context effect
Firms looking to increase product resale can use these context effects to construct more profitable marketing strategies . The idea of these context effects in the marketing industry is to allow for more profitable items a boost in optional sharing ; a productivity boost based on contextual effects for and against certain items .
Child care
A 2001 report showed that children in high - quality care scored higher on tests of language , memory and other skills than did children of stay - at - home mothers or children in lower - quality day care .
Serial killer
A common strategy , already employed by many departments for other reasons , is the conference , in which departments get together and focus on a specific set of topics . With serial murders , the focus is typically on unsolved cases , with evidence thought to be related to the case at hand .
Talk:Wifebeater (shirt)
I think Wifebeater ( shirt ) would be a more appropriate title for the article . Does anyone agree ? Coffee 18 : 26 , 6 February 2006 ( UTC )
Terror management theory
It has been suggested that culture provides meaning , organization , and a coherent world view that diminishes the psychological terror caused by the knowledge of eventual death . The terror management theory can help to explain why a leader 's popularity can grow substantially during times of crisis . When a follower 's mortality is made prominent they will tend to show a strong preference for iconic leaders . An example of this occurred when George W. Bush 's approval rating jumped almost 50 percent following the September 11 attacks in the United States . As Forsyth ( 2009 ) posits , this tragedy made U.S. citizens aware of their mortality , and Bush provided an antidote to these existential concerns by promising to bring justice to the terrorist group responsible for the attacks .
Income inequality in the United States
General limitations on and taxation of rent - seeking is popular with large segments of both Republicans and Democrats .
The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson
Example : Johnny , dressed as a doctor , starting to talk about some intimate topic ( just as in the real ad ) and then being hit by cream pies from several directions at once .
Area of a circle
We can also consider analogous measurements in higher dimensions . For example , we may wish to find the volume inside a sphere . When we have a formula for the surface area , we can use the same kind of `` onion '' approach we used for the disk .
Indigenous Australians
To combat the problem , a number of programs to prevent or mitigate alcohol abuse have been attempted in different regions , many initiated from within the communities themselves . These strategies include such actions as the declaration of `` Dry Zones '' within Indigenous communities , prohibition and restriction on point - of - sale access , and community policing and licensing .
Terror management theory
In these initial studies ( i.e. , Greenberg et al. ( 2004 ) ; Arndt et al. ( 1997 ) ) , and in numerous subsequent DTA studies , the main measure of DTA is a word fragment task , whereby participants can complete word fragments in distinctly death - related ways ( e.g. , coff_ _ as coffin , not coffee ) or in non death - related ways ( e.g. , sk_ _l as skill , not skull ) . If death - thoughts are indeed more available to consciousness , then it stands to reason that the word fragments should be completed in a way that is semantically related to death .
Mach Five
Auto Jacks Grip Tires ( Not as belt tires but as crampon tire spikes . ) Deflector Rotary Saws Homing Robot
Internet privacy
In this noise society , the collective expectation of privacy will increase , but the individual expectation of privacy will decrease . In other words , not everyone can be analyzed in detail , but one individual can be . Also , in order to stay unobserved , it can hence be better to blend in with the others than trying to use for example encryption technologies and similar methods . Technologies for this can be called Jante - technologies after the Law of Jante , which states that you are nobody special . This view offers new challenges and perspectives for the privacy discussion .
Internet privacy
Some solutions to being able to protect user privacy on the Internet can include programs such as `` Rapleaf '' which is a website that has a search engine that allows users to make all of one 's search information and personal information private . Other websites that also give this option to their users are Facebook and Amazon . Privacy
Talk:Wifebeater (shirt)
But having the article under the title Wifebeater is so much more interesting , and seems to set up the best tone for the article . Most of the material also revolves around the wifebeater meaning . A proposed move to `` A-shirt '' is controversial , and we should at the least vote on it before any move is made . Alexander 007 19 : 19 , 6 February 2006 ( UTC )
Social development theory
On top of all this the government established 100,000 demonstration plots across the country to prove to the farmers that the hybrid varieties were indeed more productive .
Arizona Robbins
I totally understand why Arizona would n't want to date a newborn . It 's like getting a Freshman as your Physics lab partner even though you 're a Senior who not only knows the Laws of Motion but has mastered them in ways that would rock that Freshman 's world . Which is not to say the Freshman wo n't grow to be really good at Physics , or that Callie wo n't catch up to Arizona on the lesbian front , it 's simply that Arizona might not have the patience to wait that long . --