vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Not really.  There are rules against subsidizing markets that inflict injury on like industries among WTO nations.  Bombardier is violating that rule by getting subsidies for commercial airliners.   Boeing gets government loans for Department Of Defense contracts, but not for commercial jets.  Canada has a bad habit of side stepping NAFTA and WTO guidelines and they're upset someone is finally calling them on it.  If Canada wants to subsidize markets that fellow WTO nations do not participate in, fine. They have that opportunity. Bombardier was not that.
The 2 and 20 rule is a premium arrangement that hedge funds offer and venture capital funds offer, and they also offer different variations of it. The 2 is the management fee as percent of assets under management, the 20 is the profit cut, which they only get if they are profitable. There are 0/20, 1/15, and many variations. You're assuming that nobody offers this arrangement because it isn't offered to you, but that's because nobody offers it to people that aren't wealthy enough to legally qualify for their fund. When you park 6 or 7 figure amounts in bank accounts, they'll send your information out to the funds that operate the way you wish they operated.
I don't really have anything to add, but I've been looking for a study subreddit for International Business, where people can share resources.  There doesn't seem to be one however, I wonder if that would be something worth starting. /r/InternationalBusiness is currently banned, so we could claim that from the admins if they'd let us, and start a study sub.
"This is the best tl;dr I could make, [original](http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/a-global-progressive-tax-on-individual-net-worth-would-offer-the-best-solution-to-the-worlds-spiralling-levels-of-inequality/?.com) reduced by 94%. (I'm a bot) ***** &gt; He argues that with disparities in income and wealth rising substantially over recent decades, a global progressive tax on individual net worth would offer the best option for keeping inequality under control.  &gt; Even if wage inequality could be brought under control, history tells us of another malign force, which tends to amplify modest inequalities in wealth until they reach extreme levels.  &gt; A global wealth tax would require international co-operation.   ***** [**Extended Summary**](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/6j9s10/a_global_progressive_tax_on_individual_net_worth/) | [FAQ](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/31b9fm/faq_autotldr_bot/ ""Version 1.65, ~151703 tl;drs so far."") | [Feedback](http://np.reddit.com/message/compose?to=%23autotldr ""PM's and comments are monitored, constructive feedback is welcome."") | *Top* *keywords*: **wealth**^#1 **inequality**^#2 **World**^#3 **tax**^#4 **income**^#5"
If you sell your home and it has equity, meaning the price you sell at is higher than the mortgage remaining on the property, then the money the purchaser pays you for the propery goes to pay off the remaining mortgage and any other fees owing (including commissions), and any balance left over (equity) is what you receive from the sale.
"This is the best tl;dr I could make, [original](https://qz.com/1029925/if-youre-renting-a-city-apartment-without-a-car-16-of-your-rent-pays-for-parking-you-dont-need/) reduced by 76%. (I'm a bot) ***** &gt; Since the 1940s, many US cities introduced minimum parking rules: for every new unit of housing, developers must also build a certain number of parking spaces.  &gt; Parking should be thought of as an equity issue, argues researchers Gregory Pierce and C.J. Gabbe in the journal Housing Policy Debate, Why? The average price of building a garage parking space is passed on to people whether they own a car or not, and distort the true demand for urban parking.  &gt; &amp;quot;The lack of rental housing without bundled parking imposes a steep cost on carless renters-commonly the lowest income households-who may be paying for parking that they do not need or want,&amp;quot; write the authors.   ***** [**Extended Summary**](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/6o5ro3/if_youre_renting_a_city_apartment_without_a_car/) | [FAQ](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/31b9fm/faq_autotldr_bot/ ""Version 1.65, ~170156 tl;drs so far."") | [Feedback](http://np.reddit.com/message/compose?to=%23autotldr ""PM's and comments are monitored, constructive feedback is welcome."") | *Top* *keywords*: **Parking**^#1 **housing**^#2 **price**^#3 **car**^#4 **new**^#5"
#####&amp;#009; ######&amp;#009; ####&amp;#009; [**Double Irish Arrangement**](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double%20Irish%20Arrangement): [](#sfw) --- &gt;The __double Irish arrangement__ is a [tax avoidance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_avoidance) strategy that [multinational corporations](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multinational_corporation) use to lower their [corporate tax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_tax) liability. The strategy uses payments between related entities in a corporate structure to shift income from a higher-tax country to a lower-tax country. It relies on the fact that [Irish tax law](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxation_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland) does not include US [transfer pricing](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transfer_pricing) rules. Specifically, Ireland uses [territorial taxation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Taxation), and hence does not levy taxes on income booked at subsidiaries of Irish companies that are outside of the state. In the late 1980s, [Apple Inc.](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Apple_Inc.#Tax_practices) was among the pioneers in creating this tax structure.
Those are some of the least useful regulations. Kills legitimate market making function in less liquid transactions.  The whole of the regulatory framework should have been leverage, capital and liquidity testing for too big to fail banks. The rest of the rules are overkill and compliance jobs bills. Unless your a compliance professional working in these fields you won't even notice.
First, this was never an arrangement for you to build equity, this was an arrangement for them to speculate on another house under the guise of teaching you a life lesson like responsibility or something contrived. The only way you profit from this is if the value of the house goes up and you sell it. You get 25% of the proceeds, maybe. If this was an equitable arrangement then they would be paying 75% of the property taxes and a little more for your maintenance efforts.
This article gives the very good advice to simply contact one of the schools in question and ask how to apply for financial aid as an international applicant.  Most Ivy League schools admit so many international students that they will have answers to any financial question you can imagine.  They may even already explain the financial aid process online.
This isn't complicated. You either pay her a full wage and take the cost on your end or you pay her less of a wage and give her equity. You're trying to have your cake and eat it too. It's called greed. As long as you are aware of your stance feel free to screw her over as much as you're comfortable with.
Michael Moojan Mavaddat is the Managing Director of International Land Developments Pty Ltd (ILD) and with over two decades of extensive experience in both Residential and Commercial developments, ILD is a specialist property development company dealing with large scale land acquisitions and developments.
The real problem is the international bubble. China for one pegs their currency against the dollar and it's banks use even more leverage than ours do. There is no safe haven for money, because everyone is printing the shit out of their money.
"This is the best tl;dr I could make, [original](https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economic-sciences/laureates/2017/advanced-economicsciences2017.pdf) reduced by 99%. (I'm a bot) ***** &gt; Implications of mental accounting Following Thaler (1985), a large amount of work by Thaler and by others has explored and documented the consequences of mental accounting. &gt; Real-world examples of commitment devices include the &amp;quot;Christmas Clubs&amp;quot; mentioned by Strotz (1956) and Thaler (1981), where individuals commit to saving for Christmas; the drugs Xenical or Antabuse (that makes you sick if you drink alcohol); and commonly used rules of thumb like &amp;quot;Do not shop when you are hungry&amp;quot; or &amp;quot;Do not keep alcohol at home.&amp;quot; 3.2 The planner-doer model Motivated by the observed deviations from exponential discounting, Thaler and his collaborator Hersh Shefrin proposed the planner-doer model (Thaler and Shefrin 1981, Shefrin and Thaler 1988). &gt; Together with Kahneman and Knetsch, Thaler also invented novel experiments and uncovered three important manifestations of fairness preferences in interactions between individuals: first, some individuals will behave fairly towards others even in anonymous settings without reputational concerns; second, some individuals are willing to forego resources to punish individuals that behaved unfairly towards them; and third, some individuals are willing to forego resources to punish unfair behavior and norm violations even if the unfair behavior was directed towards someone else. ***** [**Extended Summary**](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/75882u/richard_thaler_wins_2017_nobel_prize_advanced/) | [FAQ](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/31b9fm/faq_autotldr_bot/ ""Version 1.65, ~224768 tl;drs so far."
Stockpiled as treasuries, which are a debt security, they are liabilities.  You're making the case that as the gov't spends it's ability to spend increases as the economy grows? It's not like we're flipping a switch and turning on a light bulb  Edit: it's more like walking out on a tight-rope while people are yelling at you haha
&gt; Stockpiled as treasuries, which are a debt security, they are liabilities.  When they put their US dollars into treasuries it's no different than moving a balance from checking to savings.   &gt;You're making the case that as the gov't spends it's ability to spend increases as the economy grows? It's not like we're flipping a switch and turning on a light bulb  It's like we're carrying out public purpose and also provisioning the money to accommodate growth.
Put options are basically this. Buying a put option gives you the right but not the obligation to sell the underlying security at a certain date for a fixed price, no matter its current market value at that time. However, markets are largely effective, and the price of put options is such that if you bought them to cover you the whole time, you would on average pay more than you'd gain from the underlying security. There is no such thing as a risk-free investment.
"Writing options means ""selling"" options and ""put"" options are contracts to sell a defined security (the underlying), at a specific date (expiration date) and at a specific price (strike price). So, writing put options simply mean selling to others contracts to sell. Your profit is limited to the premium but your loss may be unlimited in a falling market."
"Mathematically it's arbitrary - you could just as easily use the bid or the midpoint as the denominator, so long as you're consistent when comparing securities.  So there's not a fundamental reason to use the ask.  The best argument I can come up with is that most analysis is done from the buy side, so looking at liquidity costs (meaning how much does the value drop instantaneously purely because of the bid-ask spread) when you buy a security would be more relevant by using the ask (purchase price) as the basis. Meaning, if a stock has a bid-ask range of $95-$100, if you buy the stock at $100 (the ask), you immediately ""lose"" 5% (5/100) of its value since you can only sell it for $95."
Stock is ownership. And whether the thing you own is a good or service irrelevant. The ownership itself is all that matters. Ownership = service ??? Ownership = good ??? Maybe the problem is your trying to fit a verb into a noun-based categories?
Securities (things you can buy on the stock market)  that pay dividends usually pay every quarter (every three months), but some pay every month. (For example: PGF pays dividends each month.) IF you reinvest your dividends back into the stock then you will be compounding your return.  I use the feature at Scottrade to automatically reinvest the dividend each month. Using this feature at Scottrade incurs no commission for the purchases of the stock from the dividend. (saving on commissions and fees is, likely, the most important aspect of investing).  US Treasuries (usually) pay interest twice a year. There is no commission when using Treasury Direct.
I think the definition of overcollateralization on investopedia will answer this question for you.  Namely this part: For example, in the case of a mortgage backed security, the principal amount of an issue may be $100 million while the principal value of the mortgages underlying the issue may be equal to $120 million. The bond is packed with more mortgages than the face value indicates.  It's effectively sold at a discount to underlying value.
"Systemic and well know patterns in sales are priced in to the security.  Typically companies with very cyclical earnings like this will issue guidance of earnings per share within a range.  These expected earnings are priced in before the earnings are actually booked.  If a company meets these expectations the stock will likely stay relatively flat.  If the company misses this expectation, the stock, generally, will get slammed.   This kind of Wall Street behavior typically mystifies media outlets when a company's stock declines after reporting a record high level of whatever metric.  The record high is irrelevant if it misses the expectation. There is no crystal ball but if something is both well known and expected it's already been ""priced in.""  If the well known expected event doesn't occur, maybe it's a new normal."
"Covered calls, that is where the writer owns the underlying security, aren't the only type of calls one can write. Writing ""uncovered calls,"" wherein one does NOT own the underlying, are a way to profit from a price drop. For example, write the call for a $5 premium, then when the underlying price drops, buy it back for $4, and pocket the $1 profit."
"A straddle is an options strategy in which one ""buys"" or ""sells"" options of the same maturity (expiry date) that allow the ""buyer"" or ""seller"" to profit based on how much the price of the underlying security moves, regardless of the direction of price movement. IE: A long straddle would be: You buy a call and a put at the same strike price and the same expiration date. Your profit would be if the underlying asset(the stock) moves far enough down or up(higher then the premiums you paid for the put + call options) (In case, one waits till expiry) Profit = Expiry Level - Strike Price - (Premium Paid for Bought Options) Straddle"