vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
a pension is an annuity, and GM is making cuts to the pensions...if you read the article it clears up any confusion, and while the OP editorialized the headline...i dont really give a fuck.  headlines are meant to grab your attention, get you to read articles you otherwise may not.  the only people this seems to upset or affect are the morons who just read headlines and nothing else.
they are, but they aren't regulated so they're great for the people underwriting, brokering, clearing, and facilitating the trading.  doesn't matter that the 50+ yo guys selling it don't understand blockchain, or even the fundamental reason why these coins supposedly have value, the customers don't either.
"Right. There are laws about this stuff though. It's been hard for advertisers to ensure that their paid placements are properly identified. I can tell you as a marketer that has worked with influencers, I want them to do it the right/legal way. ""Subtlety"" might sound nice, but if it means fines from the FTC, I'd prefer a clear label. I also love that it gives me visibility to the stats for the post without relying on the influencer to report (who could inflate their numbers to me to get future business)"
I am not aware of a version of Interac available in the U.S., but there are alternative ways to receive money: Cheque. The problem with mailed cheques is that they take time to deliver, and time to clear. If you ship your wares before the cheque has cleared and the cheque is bad, you're out the merchandise. COD. How this works is you place a COD charge on your item at the post office in the amount you charge the customer. The post office delivers the package on the other end when the customer pays. The post office pays you at the time you send the package. There is a fee for this, talk to your local post office or visit the Canada Post website. Money order. Have your U.S. customers send an International Money Order, not a Domestic Money Order. Domestic money orders can only be cashed at a U.S. post office. The problem here is again delivery time, and verifying your customer sent an International Money Order. It can be a pain to have to send back a Domestic Money Order to a customer explaining what they have to do to pay you, even more painful if you don't catch the error before shipping your wares. Credit Card. There are a number of companies offering credit card processing that are much cheaper than a bank. PayPal, Square, and Intuit are three such companies offering these services. After I did my investigations I found Square to be the best deal for me. Please do your own research on these companies (and banks!) and find out which one makes the most sense for you. Some transaction companies may forbid the processing of payment for e-cig materials as they my be classed as tobacco.
"I don't really see how anyone could possibly look at that graph and conclude that the period from the start of 2013 to now was ""worse"" than the period from late 2008 to early 2010.   Sure, there might be *more months* of lower sales, but for fuck's sake, you kinda got to take the scale of the drops into account too."
Citing the Yahoo Finance Help page, Beta: The Beta used is Beta of Equity. Beta is the monthly price   change of a particular company relative to the monthly price change of   the S&P500. The time period for Beta is 3 years (36 months) when   available. Regarding customised time periods, I do not think so.
from what i understand, which is not much, some companies use some of their own company shares as securitisation for loans. If the share price decreases, the security in the loan decreases, which means the company would need to find new capital. It can create a vicious cycle if the fall in share price is the result of operational concerns.
"And of course the same goes for a ""specific portion"" of profits for Oil companies.  Their ENTIRE profit structure isn't based on weather, but absolutely a specific portion is.  So, if you happen to be the guy in charge of 'oil that heats homes department' you very much want a cold winter..."
"Basically, in any financial system that features fractional reserve banking, the monetary supply expands during times of prosperity. Stable, low inflation of 2-4% keeps capital available while keeping the value of money stable. It also discourages hoarding of wealth. Banks aren't vaults. They take deposits and make an explicit promise to repay the depositor on demand. Since most depositors don't need to withdraw money regularly, the lend out the money you deposited and maintain a reserve sufficient to meet daily cash needs. When times are good, banks lend to people and businesses who need capital, who in turn do things that add value to the overall economy. When times are bad, people and businesses either cannot get capital or pay more for it, which reduces the number of times that money changes hands and has a negative impact on the wider economy. People who are trying to sell you commodities or who have a naive view of how the economy actually works decry the current monetary system and throw around scary words like ""fiat currency"" and ""inflation is theft"". What these people don't realize is that before the present system, where the value of money is based on promises to repay, the gold and silver backed systems also experienced inflation. With gold/silver based money, inflation was driven by discoveries of gold and silver deposits"
Yes, the supply side is probably permanently restricted, and if NIMBY/regulations eased, there might be a temporary dip in prices (possibly even something that could be regarded as a bubble pop, but in reality that is very unlikely.)  The self-regulating system I see is on the demand &amp; employment side; companies can't keep raising wages but still require the workers, so they will have to sort workers by location: executives, creatives, and professionals in large cities; back-office white-collar in suburbs and/or smaller cities and production/manufacturing in rural areas.
"You manage this account just as any other account. ""Petty cash"" refers to accounts where the cash money is intended for ad-hoc purchases, where you store an amount of cash in your drawer and take it out as needed. However, other than naming it ""petty cash"", there's nothing petty about it - it's an account just as any other. Many choose to just ""deduct"" the amount transferred to ""Petty Cash"" account and not manage it at all. Here the amount matters - some smaller amounts can fall under ""de minimis"" rules of the appropriate regulatory authority. Since you told nothing about where you are and what your business is - we can't tell you what the rules are in your case. If you track the usage of this account (and from your description it sounds like you are) - then the name ""Petty Cash"" is meaningless. It's an account just like any other. Since you have an employee dealing with this cash you should establish some internal audit procedures to ensure that there's no embezzlement and everything is accounted for. You will probably want to reconcile this account more often than others and check more thoroughly on what's going on with it. Since its a ""personal finance"" forum, I'm assuming you're a sole proprietor or a very small business, and SEC/SOX rules don't apply to you. If they do - you should have a licensed accountant (CPA or whatever public accountancy designation is regulated in your area) to help you with this."
There are many Shariah compliant investments, so that could direct your resulting searches. Shariah compliance is a very strict interpretation of Islam and for investing offers strict guidelines in what to invest in and excludes investments in companies that engage in certain businesses such as gambling, tobacco, pork and trading of gold and silver on a deferred basis (and more). Many multinational financial service companies such as the Standard & Poors (S&P) offer Shariah Compliant funds and indices, as such, it makes it easier to invest in a variety of different assets through them. You can also look at their fund's constituents and invest in those assets directly. Secondly, going back to your original question about a compound interest equivalent, you can look at the products offered by Shariah Compliant banks. Now, if it is really important for you to adhere to the strictest interpretations of your faith, you should know that most Islamic Banks have interest bearing assets within them and that they disguise that fact. The global financial system is based on interest bearing instruments such as bonds, and Islamic banks are large holders and issuers of those instruments, and all of their consumer products are also based on the interest rates of them. Even convoluted alternatives such as Islamic mortgages, where they are advertised as non-interest bearing equivalents, many times are also the interest bearing version. Unfortunately, these lies are enough for the banks to continue to get business from their target audiences, but outside of Islam this is a very standard and stable business practice. The point is that you should look very carefully at the alternatives you find.
Your suggestion seems a bit too extreme. Handing auditing responsibility to a government body/agency would just create its own set of problems and other conflicts of interest (for example, opinions could be subject to politics, increased bureaucracy, laziness due to monopoly) Hell, if the government audited the statements, they would have the power to authorize only accounting policies that maximized a company's tax payout.  The audit only firm proposal by the European Commission seems to be the more reasonable solution to try to avoid conflicts of interest (firms that audit companies are less likely to issue adverse/qualified opinions on them since those companies were simply following the firms' own consulting advice) which seems to be the heart of the problem even though the SOX nearly eliminated that. But if the audit business was effectively separated from accounting firms' other practices and audit only companies sprung up then other problems would arise. Audit only firms would still be unwilling to piss major clients off by issuing qualified opinions (and lose future business). Also, since the audit business is not really the present firms' money maker, costs to audit would only increase to ensure that audit only firms are profitable.
Shanghai can not be the international financial center of China, or China's inbound/outbound trade, as long as it does not have rule of law.  Even Chinese corporates go to Hong Kong to sign contracts because the commercial legal system is efficient, fair, and predictable.  Shanghai is a city (and a great one, no doubt!) doing business in a restricted, capital-controlled currency, under a legal system which is corrupt and arbitrary.  You wouldn't want to get into a dispute there with, say, Bank of China.  When there is a trusted legal system in China then finance will follow.  Meanwhile, show me anyone who wants to sign an ISDA agreement under Chinese law, subject an international bond indenture to Chinese law (rather than New York or English law), or do a securitization using Chinese law or counterparties.  HK's biggest problem may be that the Mainland is imperiling rule of law in the SAR.  If that is lost, the city has no reason to exist.
There are dogshit parts of every field. Literally, every field. I went to an SEC school and don't know a single person who had good grades in finance that ended up in one though.  Everyone I know is murdering it.  Or, fuck my anecdotes, look at the actual data. Finance and Econ is above every non-science field (and plenty of science fields) which is exactly what I said.  http://www.payscale.com/college-salary-report/majors-that-pay-you-back/bachelors?page=23  So take this dumbass troll shit elsewhere. Not sure your vendetta against Finance - its as good as it gets for business majors.
The United Services Automobile Association has a funny legal structure: it's not a corporation and has no shareholders. Policyholders and account holders are paid any profits. In that respect, it functions very much like a credit union; technically, it's structured as a Texas-based and Texas Department of Insurance regulated unincorporated reciprocal inter-insurance exchange and Fortune 500 financial services company offering banking, investing, and insurance to people and families that serve, or served, in the United States military. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAA Normally a company like this is a corporation so that its owners can benefit from limited liability: otherwise, if the company loses millions or billions, any one of the individual owners / members could be held liable for paying those millions and billions! However, the Texas laws which govern them as a Texas-based inter-insurance exchange also serve to limit the liability of members. The banking services are provided by the USAA Federal Savings Bank, which is structured as a  (drumroll) federal savings bank. They also own a couple of other random businesses.
&gt; Netflix should start laying down infrastructure for their own internet  They could do that.  But it isn't their wheelhouse, any more than Walmart lays down their own freeway system.    &gt; If Comcast wants my steaming business offer a better service than Netflix.   Sure.  In the meantime, I don't see why Comcast must allow Netflix to use its fixed infrastructure.  &gt;You're right it is all business. Which is why we have a government and government regulations  That isn't *quite* how government regulation works.  &gt;The FCC is the government and should be protecting the citizens not the corporations.  Protecting the citizens from whom?  I mean, I can see that you want free shit, but - as you mentioned - *this is business.*
"Mergers do not go through if it's likely to grant monopoly power to the combined corporation. Ever heard of the SEC?  Also, let's indeed use words like ""synergies"" because they accurately describe the topic at hand. The word isn't overly corporate and even if it was, fuck you, I can say what I want on Reddit."
"Arguably, ""because they can"".  Canada's banking industry is dominated by five chartered banks who by virtue of their size, pretty much determine how banking is done in Canada. Yes, they have to abide by government regulation, but they carry enough weight to influence government and to some extent shape the regulation they have to follow. While this situation makes Canada's financial system very stable and efficient, it also permits anti-competitive behavior.  There was a time (when U.S. banks were not permitted to operate across state lines) when the smallest of Canada's ""big 5"" was bigger than the biggest U.S. bank, despite our economy having always been about 1/10 the size of the U.S. That scale and their small number gives the ""big 5"" the ability to invest heavily in and collaborate on whatever they decide to be in their own interest. So, if they want to charge fees, they do."
As Murray Rothbard has said, it is myth that companies can get a monopoly and raise prices by themselves. They require government to do it. Government regulation, like patents, was not created to protect you from corporations, it was to protect corporations from each other. The only solution: less regulation.
&gt;Your arguments aren't your own, and that's what proves you don't know what you're talking about.  I took up to International Macroeconomics and Finance at the Sam Walton School of Business.  &gt;Did you know that in the Middle East for example, they do not have this banking system?  Oh, right.  The banking system in Dubai, for instance, is the hot zone of International Money laundering by criminal syndicates ranging from the Russian Mafia to Dawood's Syndicate in India.  This is because it isn't regulated and nobody gives a fuck where the money comes from.  &gt;Why? Because you're gullible, and anything that seems establishment or widely accepted, that's what you go along with.  Blow me you smug, ignorant motherfucker.  I'm done giving you an Econ 101 lesson.  Maybe when you grow up you'll be ready to learn something.  &gt;Also, we did not abandon the gold standard at Bretton Woods. SERIOUSLY WTF.  Your reading comprehension sucks ass.  Nobody said that.
Yes but think of the poor poor pharma and insurance companies (profits)! They need to make a living as well. The USA system is so broken look at NL they have a private public partnership for healthcare that walks a nice middle road (although personaly I prefer single payer).
"Keep in mind that many checks are being cashed via scanner or photo. These can be home based, business based or ATM based systems. The key requirement is that the software has to be able to distinguish the ""written"" parts from the background parts. If the image doesn't have enough contrast for the edge detection to work, the check can't be easily processed. In that case a human looks at the image and decodes the image and processes the transaction. The image is not in color.  Many businesses scan the check and hand the original back to you after having the Point of Sale system process the image. Post 2001 the checks in the united states are no longer moved through the banking system, only their images. With the roll out of these image based systems, in the future almost no physical checks will be seen by banks. Therefore the actual ink color is not important, only the result."
"&gt;Hence we need agencies like Elizabeth Warren's CPFB that audits and checks the govt.  But Warren's position is that more government is better government. Where's the advocate for ""back the fuck up, get out of the way, leave me alone""? There isn't one!   &gt;you cannot expect exchanges to self regulate so the min. HFT hold time of 5 secs imposed by exchange will likely not happen by the exchange on its own volition  And yet Underwriter's Laboratories does a *great* job with consumer electronics safety *without* governmental regulatory power. Are you aware of this?"
The requirement is to report the highest balance on the account, it has nothing to do with your income.
Most programming for financial engineering will be in C++, Python, R, or MATLAB; some books written by Mark Joshi or Daniel Duffy may be a good place to look for how C++ is used in FE (Duffy also has an online C++ course that's quite good).   If you have a physics/math background then you likely have 90% of the required maths, such as calculus, linear algebra, probability and statistics. I would recommend taking a course/reading a book on advanced probability, real analysis, and stochastic calculus, but these are not trivial subjects. If you are more interested in learning specifically about how math is applied to FE you can take a look at a book such as [a primer for the mathematics of FE](https://www.amazon.com/dp/0979757622/ref=cm_sw_r_cp_api_2KumzbMN6ZPE5).  Also, check out online forums that discuss this such as [quantent](quantnet.com).
"Exactly.  The ""Makes me sick"" comment is a bit dramatic. This is our system, this is how  these test preparation operations work. Gaming the tests is:  1) Basically a requirement because high scores are necessary to access the best schools and scholarships.  2) Proof that the SAT works against the poor because many either can't afford or don't know to access these tricks."
By studying. I wouldn't consider the statistics and math required for finance to be of the most difficult caliber, maybe a statistics major would be a nice extra to set a person ahead but I'd say just a couple intermediate courses would serve well for a finance career.
"http://blog.collegetuitioncompare.com/2015/05/sec-estimated-tuition-2015-2016.html  You keep speaking annually. No one gives a fuck about annual costs. You have to earn the entire degree, so the total cost is what I am concerned with, and what I was speaking to.  Also - grow up a little. Stop calling yourself a ""major""; maybe ""graduate"" would be more appropriate.   The fact that you work in consulting speaks volumes. Everyone else in finance laughs at you. If finance professionals are leeches on industry, you are the parasites on the cocks of leeches.   EDIT: Sorry, everyone in **investment** finance laughs at you. I am sure there are some of those aforementioned fund accountants who would love to suck some leech cock."
I wish that /r/economy had Submission Statement requirements like /r/TrueReddit so that when someone posts an antagonistic title like this would be forced to at least state their stance on the topic.  Of course he also posted this in /r/conspiracy so I'm not sure /u/klmd should be taken terribly seriously to begin with.
Just so you know, the SEC doesn't have criminal authority, they do civil fines.  It's the Department of Justice that sends white collar criminals to jail.  If you'd like to see what they've been up to, [here's a little info from the FBI](http://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/financial-crimes-report-2010-2011)  Also, I could be wrong but I think the government mass settled the claims coming from the financial collapse.     *edit: you don't get to keep the money you made from your illegal activity.  That would just be stupid.  The fines are on top of giving the money back*  *edit 2: remember [these girls?](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihLBCbNIDbI&amp;feature=share).  They didn't get to keep the money they stole.  It's no different in white collar crime.*
Finance at the PhD level requires a pretty complete understanding of linear algebra, multivariate calc (cIII), vector calc, stochastic calc, diff eq, and numerical analysis.  As someone who had math for one of his majors for undergrad, it's not about the intuitive understanding but the abstract as well.  Most of the finance professors that I had and researched under were originally undergrad for math.  Very few of them actually started out in business roles/degrees....
Since you said you're young, consider learning more and getting involved in financial engineering.  You need a VERY strong quant background and good knowledge of coding C++, but there is a lot of money to be had.  Check out Berkeley's program.  http://mfe.berkeley.edu/
[it was 15 to 1 before the SEC decided that big banks needed to be able to risk more.](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Net_capital_rule)  it also started teh distrust between banks. With 15 to 1 you were pretty sure that another bank you were dealing with was leveraged exactly 15 to 1. WHen he removed that requirement, then banks had a much harder time judging the health of other banks they were dealing with.   you just didnt know if they were 20 to 1 or 30 to 1 or higher, without going through all their books.  This was one of the main reasons the recession was so large in scope. Housing would have exploded eventually, but without the leverage regulations they were able to make it hurt far far far far far far worse.. several times worse.
&gt; I wish that /r/economy had Submission Statement requirements like /r/TrueReddit so that when someone posts an antagonistic title like this would be forced to at least state their stance on the topic.  How does it work over there?
You're correct, there's always a conflict of interest in private professions whether you're a CPA, doctor or lawyer. There's always a possibility of backroom dealings.  The only true response is that governmental bodies like the SEC, IRS and otherwise affiliated private organizations like the AICPA can take away your license to practice, send you to jail, or fine you thousands of dollars and ruin your life - if you're caught.  I would personally draw a line between publicly traded corporations, amoral as you said, and public accounting. A CPA firm's responsibility is to the public even though they aren't a governmental body. Accounting records are required to do business with banks and the IRS. Without public confidence in the profession, CPA firms wouldn't exist. It's truly an incentive to do a good job and continually gain confidence. They incidentally make money along the way.