vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Munich Agreement
In the meantime , the British government demanded that Beneš request a mediator . Not wishing to sever his government 's ties with Western Europe , Beneš reluctantly accepted . The British appointed Lord Runciman , the former Liberal cabinet minister , who arrived in Prague on 3 August with instructions to persuade Beneš to agree to a plan acceptable to the Sudeten Germans . On 20 July , French Foreign Minister Georges Bonnet , told the Czechoslovak Ambassador in Paris that while France would declare her support in public to help the Czechoslovak negotiations , it was not prepared to go to war over the Sudetenland question . During August the German press was full of stories alleging Czechoslovak atrocities against Sudeten Germans , with the intention of forcing the Western Powers into putting pressure on the Czechoslovaks to make concessions . Hitler hoped the Czechoslovaks would refuse and that the Western Powers would then feel morally justified in leaving the Czechoslovaks to their fate . In August , Germany sent 750,000 soldiers along the border of Czechoslovakia officially as part of army maneuvers . On 4 or 5 September , Beneš submitted the Fourth Plan , granting nearly all the demands of the Munich Agreement . The Sudeten Germans were under instruction from Hitler to avoid a compromise , and after the SdP held demonstrations that provoked police action in Ostrava on 7 September in which two of their parliamentary deputies were arrested , the Sudeten Germans used this incident and false allegations of other atrocities as an excuse to break off further negotiations . Adolf
Battle of Towton
On reaching the battlefield , the Yorkists found themselves heavily outnumbered . Part of their force under the Duke of Norfolk had yet to arrive . The Yorkist leader Lord Fauconberg turned the tables by ordering his archers to take advantage of the strong wind to outrange their enemies . The one - sided missile exchange , with Lancastrian arrows falling short of the Yorkist ranks , provoked the Lancastrians into abandoning their defensive positions . The ensuing hand - to - hand combat lasted hours , exhausting the combatants . The arrival of Norfolk 's men reinvigorated the Yorkists and , encouraged by Edward , they routed their foes . Many Lancastrians were killed while fleeing ; some trampled each other and others drowned in the rivers , which are said to have made them run red with blood for several days . Several who were taken as prisoners were executed .
Cali Cartel
The Cali Cartel leadership comprised Gilberto Rodriguez Orejuela El Ajedrecista ( `` The Chess Player '' ) , Miguel Rodriguez Orejuela El Señor ( `` The Lord '' ) , José Santacruz Londoño El Estudiante ( `` The Student '' ) or Chepe Santacruz , Jorge Alberto Rodríguez `` Don Cholito '' , and Helmer Herrera Buitrago Pacho . Some top associates were Victor Patiño - Fomeque El Quimico ( `` The Chemist '' ) or La Fiera ( `` The Beast '' ) , Henry Loaiza Ceballos El Alacrán ( `` The Scorpion '' ) , José Fedor Rey ex-guerrilla , and Phanor Arizabaleta - Arzayus .
The Lord of the Rings (film series)
During mid-1997 , Jackson and Walsh began writing with Stephen Sinclair . Sinclair 's partner , Philippa Boyens , was a major fan of the book and joined the writing team after reading their treatment . It took 13 -- 14 months to write the two film scripts , which were 147 and 144 pages respectively . Sinclair left the project due to theatrical obligations . Amongst their revisions , Sam is caught eavesdropping and forced to go along with Frodo , instead of Sam , Merry , and Pippin figuring out about the One Ring themselves and voluntarily going along after confronting Frodo about it , as occurs in the original novel . Gandalf 's account of his time at Orthanc was pulled out of flashback and Lothlórien was cut , with Galadriel doing what she does in the story at Rivendell . Denethor attends the Council with his son . Other changes included having Arwen rescue Frodo , and the action sequence involving the cave troll . The writers also considered having Arwen absorb Éowyn 's role entirely by having her kill the Witch - king .
Mechanism of action of aspirin
Jump up ^ Kerola M , Vuolteenaho K. Effects of nimesulide , acetylsalicylic acid , ibuprofen and nabumetone on cyclooxygenase - 1 - and cyclooxygenase - 2 - mediated prostanoid production in healthy volunteers ex vivo ... Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol . January 2009 ; 104 ( 1 ) : 17 - 21 . PMID 19152549 . Jump up ^ Vane , J. R ; Botting , R. M ( 2003 - 06 - 15 ) . `` The mechanism of action of aspirin '' . Thrombosis Research . In Honour of Sir John Vane , F.R.S. , Nobel laureate , the Discoverer of the Machanism of Action of Aspirin , Krakow , 31 May - 3 June 2003 . 110 ( 5 -- 6 ) : 255 -- 258 . doi : 10.1016 / S0049 - 3848 ( 03 ) 00379 - 7 . Jump up ^ Cyclooxygenase - 3 ( COX - 3 ) : Filling in the gaps toward a COX continuum ? - Warner and Mitchell 99 ( 21 ) : 13371 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ^ Jump up to : ( 1 ) American Heart Association : Aspirin in Heart Attack and Stroke Prevention `` The American Heart Association recommends aspirin use for patients who 've had a myocardial infarction ( heart attack ) , unstable angina , ischemic stroke ( caused by blood clot ) or transient ischemic attacks ( TIAs or `` little strokes '' ) , if not contraindicated . This recommendation is based on sound evidence from clinical trials showing that aspirin helps prevent the recurrence of such events as heart attack , hospitalization for recurrent angina , second strokes , etc. ( secondary prevention ) . Studies show aspirin also helps prevent these events from occurring in people at high risk ( primary prevention ) . '' Jump up ^ Tohgi , H ; S Konno ; K Tamura ; B Kimura ; K Kawano ( 1992 ) .
Erwin Rommel
Taking his opponents by surprise and creating uncertainty in their minds were key elements in Rommel 's approach to offensive warfare : he took advantage of sand storms and the dark of night to conceal the movement of his forces . Rommel was aggressive , often directed battle from the front or piloted a reconnaissance aircraft over the lines to get a view of the situation . When the British mounted a commando raid deep behind German lines in an effort to kill Rommel and his staff on the eve of their Crusader offensive , Rommel was indignant that the British expected to find his headquarters 250 miles behind his front . Friedrich von Mellenthin and Harald Kuhn write that at times in North Africa his absence from a position of communication made command of the battles of the Afrika Korps difficult . Mellenthin lists Rommel 's counterattack during Operation Crusader as one such instance . Butler concurred , saying that leading from the front is a good concept , however Rommel took it so far ( he frequently directed the actions of a single company or battalion ) that he made communication and coordination between units problematic , as well as risking of life to where he could have been easily killed even by one of his own artillery batteries . Kesselring also complained about Rommel cruising about the battlefield like a division or corps commander , but Gause and Westphal supported Rommel and replied that in the African desert only this method would work , and that it was useless to try to restrain Rommel anyway . His staff officers , although admiring towards their leader , complained about the self - destructive Spartan lifestyle that made life harder , diminished his effectiveness and forced them to `` babi ( ed ) him as unobstrusively as possible . ''
Labor history of the United States
As a leader of the anti-Communist center - left , Reuther was a founder of the liberal umbrella group Americans for Democratic Action in 1947 . In 1949 he led the CIO delegation to the London conference that set up the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions in opposition to the communist - dominated World Federation of Trade Unions . He had left the Socialist Party in 1939 , and throughout the 1950s and 1960s was a leading spokesman for liberal interests in the CIO and in the Democratic Party . James B. Carey also helped influence the CIO 's pullout from the WFTU and the formation of the ICFTU dedicated to promoting free trade and democratic unionism worldwide . Carey in 1949 had formed the IUE , a new CIO union for electrical workers , because the old one , the UE , was tightly controlled by the left .
Death on the Nile
When alone with Simon , Poirot reveals him to be his wife 's killer . The murder was not his plan , but Jacqueline 's ; the pair were still lovers . Their scheme was to steal Linnet 's money - the pair staged their break - up , whereupon Simon married Linnet . On the night of the murder , Jacqueline deliberately missed Simon , who faked his injury with red ink . While everyone in the lounge was distracted by Jacqueline , he took her gun that she had deliberately discarded , went to Linnet 's cabin , and shot her . He then returned to the lounge and shot his own leg , to give himself a genuine injury . Louise and Mrs. Otterbourne were murdered by Jacqueline , who was warned by Simon when the plan was going awry - Louise witnessed Simon entering Linnet 's cabin that night , and gave him a coded message when Poirot was interviewing her ; Mrs. Otterbourne witnessed Jacqueline entering Louise 's cabin before stabbing her .
First Battle of Bull Run
For the maneuver to be successful McDowell felt he needed to act quickly . He had already begun to hear rumors that Johnston had slipped out of the valley and was headed for Manassas Junction . If the rumors were true , McDowell might soon be facing 34,000 Confederates , instead of 22,000 . Another reason for quick action was McDowell 's concern that the ninety - day enlistments of many of his regiments were about to expire . `` In a few days I will lose many thousands of the best of this force '' , he wrote Washington on the eve of battle . In fact , the next morning two units of McDowell 's command , their enlistments expiring that day , would turn a deaf ear to McDowell 's appeal to stay a few days longer . Instead , to the sounds of battle , they would march back to Washington to be mustered out of service .
List of Game of Thrones characters
Robin Arryn ( season 1 , 4 -- 6 ) portrayed by Lino Facioli . Lino Facioli Robin Arryn , Lord of the Eyrie and Defender of the Vale , is the only child of Jon and Lysa Arryn and a sickly boy doted on by his mother . He is still breastfed despite being well into pre-adolescence , and is mentally and socially maladjusted . He enjoys seeing people executed by defenestration , whether they are guilty or not ( of note , Robin seems to enjoy seeing anything fall through the moon door , since the first thing he does when Petyr Baelish brings him a toy is to gleefully throw it through the moon door ) . In Season 1 , he is present at Tyrion Lannister 's trial , but shows little to no interest in the details and continuously begs his mother to make the `` little Lannister baby - man '' fly , which would mean Tyrion being executed , although Tyrion is acquitted . In Season 4 , he greets Petyr `` Littlefinger '' Baelish as `` Uncle Petyr '' and meets his cousin , Sansa Stark , for the first time . Lysa later mentions in conversation that Robin and Sansa are to be betrothed . However , tensions arise between them when Robin ruins Sansa 's snow castle of Winterfell and Sansa slaps Robin in retaliation . After Lysa is killed , Petyr proposes that Robin be taken on several tours of the Vale so as to prepare him for ruling it one day as its new Lord , though Petyr implies that his intention is for Robin to be killed in the process . In season 5 , Robin is being trained in the art of fighting , but lacks the skill and determination due to his upbringing . Petyr leaves him in the care of Yohn Royce . In season 6 , Robin is informed of Sansa 's escape from House Bolton , and through Petyr 's manipulations , Robin gives the order for the Knights of the Vale to aid her and Jon Snow against Ramsay Bolton . Yohn Royce ( season 4 -- present ) portrayed by Rupert Vansittart .
List of Sons of Anarchy characters
Henry Lin ( Chinese : 林 亨利 ; played by Kenneth Choi ) was the Chinese - American leader of a San Francisco - based Triad . His gang is after a man named Chuck Marstein , who was a bookkeeper for their illegal businesses but eventually stole from them . In season 7 , he was killed by Juice .
Jenny Lind
After New York , Lind 's party toured the east coast of America , with continued success , and later took in Cuba , the Southern US and Canada . By early 1851 , Lind had become uncomfortable with Barnum 's relentless marketing of the tour , and she invoked a contractual right to sever her ties with him ; they parted amicably . She continued the tour for nearly a year , under her own management , until May 1852 . Benedict left the party in 1851 to return to England , and Lind invited Otto Goldschmidt to replace him as pianist and conductor . Lind and Goldschmidt were married on February 5 , 1852 , near the end of the tour , in Boston . She took the name `` Jenny Lind - Goldschmidt '' , both privately and professionally .
American Revolutionary War
In December 1776 , John Burgoyne returned to London to set strategy with Lord George Germain . Burgoyne 's plan was to establish control of the Champlain - George - Hudson route from New York to Quebec , isolating New England . Efforts could then be concentrated on the southern colonies , where it was believed Loyalist support was in abundance . Howe instead argued capturing Philadelphia and defeating Washington was a priority . Germain approved this plan , leaving Howe unable to assist Burgoyne . Washington himself was baffled by Howe 's choices . Alden argues Howe was influenced by the idea that , upon success , he would not receive credit , but Burgoyne . Controversy persists over whether Germain approved Burgoyne 's plan after reading Howe 's , and whether he shared this information with his subordinates . Howe was not given any explicit orders to assist Burgoyne ; however , a copy Germain sent to Quebec explicitly stated Howe was to assist Burgoyne 's efforts . Another letter stated Howe should launch his campaign against Philadelphia as intended , while allowing enough time to assist Burgoyne . Black argues Germain either left his generals too much latitude , or without a clear direction . ``
List of Sons of Anarchy characters
In season 7 , SAMCRO called upon `` Indian Hills '' , and in turn Jury recruited `` local muscle '' , to help take down Lin 's gun buy ( which turned out to include an exchange of guns for heroin ) in Selma , and kill Lin 's men and customers . Jax , Chibs , and Bobby later killed the `` local muscle '' , and framed them for the takedown in Selma . When Jax later learns one of the murdered `` local muscle '' , Gib O'Leary , was Jury 's son , Jax erroneously assumes Jury took revenge by ratting out SAMCRO to Lin .
Anthony Eden
Rothwell writes that although Eden was capable of acting with ruthlessness ; for instance , over the repatriation of the Cossacks in 1945 , his main concern was to avoid being seen as `` an appeaser '' or over the Soviet reluctance to accept a democratic Poland in October 1944 . Like many people , Eden persuaded himself that his past actions were more consistent than they had in fact been .
Elf (Middle-earth)
After the War of Wrath , the Valar tried to summon the Elves back to Valinor . Many complied , but some stayed . During the Second Age they founded the Realms of Lindon , Eregion and Mirkwood . Sauron , Morgoth 's former servant , made war upon them , but with the aid of the Númenóreans they defeated him .
Australian Army during World War II
After further fighting in which the Commonwealth forces were pushed into a narrow perimeter around the urban area of Singapore , Percival surrendered his forces on 15 February . Although some Australians were able to escape , following the capitulation 14,972 Australians were taken prisoner . Bennett was among those that managed to get out , having left the island the night before the surrender via sampan after handing over command of his division to Brigadier Cecil Callaghan . He later justified his actions saying that he had gained an understanding of how to defeat the Japanese and needed to return to Australia to pass his knowledge on , but two post-war inquiries found that he was unjustified in leaving his command . The loss of almost a quarter of Australia 's overseas soldiers and the failure of the Singapore strategy that had permitted it to accept the sending of the AIF to aid Britain , stunned the country .
List of Game of Thrones characters
Although Stannis was not pleased that Jon interfered with Mance 's execution , he presents Jon an enticing offer . If Jon bends the knee and swears his loyalty to Stannis , the king will legitimize him as Jon Stark , making him the Lord of Winterfell . Stannis , after receiving a message from Lyanna Mormont , knows that having a Stark on his side is the best chance of rallying the Northerners to his cause . Stannis departs from the Wall soon afterward , on a mission to take Winterfell from the Boltons . However , his party is delayed by a large snowstorm that ravages the North , and Ramsay Bolton and his men sabotage his supplies by burning them . He eventually agrees , most reluctantly , to sacrifice his daughter to the Lord of Light , sending Davos to the Wall to find supplies as he knows he would never approve of this most drastic action . Conferring with his daughter before her sacrifice , he admits that he will hate himself forever , but goes through with the act , witnessing tearfully as his daughter succumbs . The next day , the blizzard has lifted , though half his army , including all the sellswords have mutinied , taking all the horses to join the Boltons . Selyse is found hanged in a woods , having broken and relented the sacrifice of their child in the last minute and taken her own life . Stannis decides to finish the march on Winterfell by foot , where his greatly diminished army is greeted by a massive cavalry force led by Ramsay which defeats him . Fending off remaining Bolton soldiers in a nearby grove , Stannis succumbs by a tree , where he is greeted by Brienne of Tarth , reminding him of his fratricide . Stannis accepts responsibility and tells Brienne to fulfil her duty , and she lifts her sword and swings .
Nepanagar
When the dying king accused Akbar of treachery , the emperor replied with that age - old lesson , `` Everything is fair in Politics and government . '' Later Akbar showered gold and silver on Bahadur Shah 's generals and won his way through to the fort . Finally on 17 January 1609 Akbar became the lord of the Asirgarh fort . Since then the fort remained in the hands of the Mughals .
History of the United Kingdom
Historians agree that Lord Salisbury ( 1830 -- 1903 ) as foreign minister and prime minister in the late 19th century was a strong and effective leader in foreign affairs . He had a superb grasp of the issues , and proved :
Dominic Toretto
In The Fast and the Furious , Dominic 's volatile temper stems from a painful incident during his teenage years , when his father , a stock car racer , was killed in a race after a driver named Kenny Linder accidentally sent him to the wall at 120 mph . Distraught by his father 's death , Dominic assaulted Linder a week later with a torque wrench and left him hospitalized with severe head injuries . Dominic served time in juvenile hall and was banned from racing for the attack . He nearly replicates the action while fighting Hobbs in Fast Five , only to ( purposely ) miss Hobbs ' head by an inch when Mia begs him to stop .
Colossus of Rhodes
In 304 BC a relief force of ships sent by Ptolemy arrived , and Antigonus 's army abandoned the siege , leaving most of their siege equipment . To celebrate their victory , the Rhodians sold the equipment left behind for 300 talents and decided to use the money to build a colossal statue of their patron god , Helios . Construction was left to the direction of Chares , a native of Lindos in Rhodes , who had been involved with large - scale statues before . His teacher , the sculptor Lysippos , had constructed a 22 - metre - high ( 72 ft ) bronze statue of Zeus at Tarentum .
List of Game of Thrones characters
After Davos questions his course of action , Stannis has three leeches drawn with Gendry 's blood and throws them into a fire , calling for the death of Robb Stark , Balon Greyjoy and Joffrey Baratheon . Upon the news of Robb 's death , Davos releases Gendry to prevent him from being burned . Stannis subsequently sentences his Hand to death but is swayed by Melisandre , who encourages him to travel North to aid the Night 's Watch against the threat emerging from beyond the Wall . In season 4 , Stannis hears of Joffrey 's death and chastises Davos again for releasing Gendry and not finding him a suitable army , prompting Davos to write to the Iron Bank of Braavos in Stannis 's name to help pay for an army . The Iron Bank very nearly refuses Stannis ' request , even subtly belittling him in the process , but Davos manages to convince them that Stannis is easily the only one they can turn to since Tywin Lannister is nearing old age . Stannis and his army arrive at the Wall shortly after the Battle for Castle Black , interrupting a supposed parley between Jon Snow and Mance Rayder . Stannis learns that Jon is Ned Stark 's son , and on Jon 's advice , he places Mance and his men under arrest . He is later present at the funeral of the Night 's Watch brothers who died during the Battle for Castle Black . In season 5 , Stannis begins plans to retake the North from Roose Bolton , hoping to recruit Mance 's wildling army , if Mance will bend the knee to him . Mance refuses , and Stannis orders him burned at the stake . Although Stannis was not pleased that Jon interfered with Mance 's execution , he presents Jon an enticing offer . If Jon bends the knee and swears his loyalty to Stannis , the king will legitimize him as Jon Stark , making him the Lord of Winterfell . Stannis , after receiving a message from Lyanna Mormont , knows that having a Stark on his side is the best chance of rallying the Northerners to his cause . Stannis departs from the Wall soon afterward , on a mission to take Winterfell from the Boltons .
United Kingdom and the American Civil War
Lord Lyons was appointed as the British minister to the United States in April 1859 . An Oxford graduate , he had two decades of diplomatic experience before being given the American post . Lyons , like many British leaders , had reservations about Seward and shared them freely in his correspondence , which was widely circulated within the British government . As early as January 7 , 1861 , well before the Lincoln administration had even assumed office , Lyons wrote to British Foreign Secretary Lord Russell about Seward :