vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Moose
Female moose have an eight - month gestation period , usually bearing one calf , or twins if food is plentiful , in May or June . Newborn moose have fur with a reddish hue in contrast to the brown appearance of an adult . The young will stay with the mother until just before the next young are born . The life span of an average moose is about 15 -- 25 years .
Android (operating system)
Despite its success on smartphones , initially Android tablet adoption was slow . One of the main causes was the chicken or the egg situation where consumers were hesitant to buy an Android tablet due to a lack of high quality tablet applications , but developers were hesitant to spend time and resources developing tablet applications until there was a significant market for them . The content and app `` ecosystem '' proved more important than hardware specs as the selling point for tablets . Due to the lack of Android tablet - specific applications in 2011 , early Android tablets had to make do with existing smartphone applications that were ill - suited to larger screen sizes , whereas the dominance of Apple 's iPad was reinforced by the large number of tablet - specific iOS applications .
Postterm pregnancy
An ultrasound scan evaluates the amount of amniotic fluid around the baby . If the placenta is deteriorating , then the amount of fluid will be low , and induced labor is highly recommended . However , ultra sounds are not always accurate since they also monitor the fetus 's development , and if the fetus is smaller than normal , the doctor 's guess at the age can be quite off . The actual placenta wo n't start to deteriorate until about 46 weeks . Because of the risks , doctors favour induction by 42 weeks .
Female reproductive system
The uterus or womb is the major female reproductive organ . The uterus provides mechanical protection , nutritional support , and waste removal for the developing embryo ( weeks 1 to 8 ) and fetus ( from week 9 until the delivery ) . In addition , contractions in the muscular wall of the uterus are important in pushing out the fetus at the time of birth .
Peripheral chemoreceptors
Increased base rate of ventilation and sensitivity to both hypoxia and hypercapnia occur in pregnant women after gestation week 20 , and studies suggest this is due at least in part to changes in peripheral chemoreceptor sensitivity . Similar changes in sensitivity have been found in women administered levels of hormones that mimic the stage of the pregnancy in which these effects being to appear , suggesting that carotid and aortic body sensitivity is modulated by neuroendocrine processes . However , findings tying peripheral chemoreceptors to pregnancy - induced variations in breathing could just be correlational , so further studies are needed to identify the cause behind this relation .
Income inequality in the United States
There is significant and ongoing debate as to the causes , economic effects , and solutions regarding income inequality . While before - tax income inequality is subject to market factors ( e.g. , globalization , trade policy , labor policy , and international competition ) , after - tax income inequality can be directly affected by tax and transfer policy . U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed nations before taxes and transfers , but is among the worst after taxes and transfers . Income inequality may contribute to slower economic growth , reduced income mobility , higher levels of household debt , and greater risk of financial crises and deflation .
Caesarean section
Women who have caesareans can recognize the signs of fever that indicate the possibility of wound infection . Taking antibiotics before skin incision rather than after cord clamping reduces the risk for the mother , without increasing adverse effects for the baby . Whether a particular type of skin cleaner improves outcomes is unclear .
April 2015 Nepal earthquake
Single women have had very little access to relief , according to a report by the Inter-party Women 's Alliance ( IPWA ) . The report also found that violence and rapes against women and minors has increased after the earthquake . Additionally , the earthquake has significantly affected certain groups of people . Tibeto - Burman peoples were hardest hit as they tend to inhabit the higher slopes of mountains as opposed to the central valleys and are less educated and connected . All of these factors make them harder to access . According to a government survey , malnutrition in children has worsened considerably some 3 months after the quake , with the most undernourished being Tamang and Chepang peoples . Before the quake , 41 percent of children under five were stunted , 29 percent were underweight and 11 percent were emaciated , according to the World Food Programme .
Poverty in the United Kingdom
Reports on poverty also tend to take housing costs in to account , distinguishing between Before Housing Costs ( BHC , where housing costs such as rent and mortgage interest payments have not been deducted ) and After Housing Costs ( AHC ) . Different social groups in the UK tend to have vastly different costs for housing , affecting available income .
Fundal massage
Fundal massage , also called uterine massage , is a technique used to reduce bleeding and cramping of the uterus after childbirth or after an abortion . As the uterus returns to its nonpregnant size , its muscles contract strongly , which can cause pain . Fundal massage can be performed with one hand over the pubic bone , firmly massaging the uterine fundus ( the top of the uterus ) , or with the addition of one hand in the vagina compressing the two uterine arteries . Routine use of fundal massage can prevent postpartum or post-abortion hemorrhage and can reduce pain ; it may also reduce the need for uterotonics , medications that cause the uterus to contract . It is used to treat uterine atony , a condition where the uterus lacks muscle tone and is soft to the touch instead of firm .
Caesarean section
Women who had just one previous caesarean section are more likely to have problems with their second birth . Delivery after previous Caesarean section is by either of two main options :
Caesarean section
Vaginal birth after caesarean ( VBAC ) is the practice of birthing a baby vaginally after a previous baby has been delivered by caesarean section ( surgically ) . According to The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists ( ACOG ) , successful VBAC is associated with decreased maternal morbidity and a decreased risk of complications in future pregnancies . According to the American Pregnancy Association , 90 % of women who have undergone caesarean deliveries are candidates for VBAC . Approximately 60 - 80 % of women opting for VBAC will successfully give birth vaginally , which is comparable to the overall vaginal delivery rate in the United States in 2010 . Twins
Myocardial infarction
The prognosis after myocardial infarction varies greatly depending on the extent and location of the affected heart muscle , and the development and management of complications . Prognosis is worse with older age , and social isolation . Anterior infarcts , persistent ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation , development of heart blocks , and left ventricular impairment are all associated with poorer prognosis . Without treatment , about a quarter of those affected by MI die within minutes , and about forty percent within the first month . Morbidity and mortality from myocardial infarction has however improved over the years due to earlier and better treatment : in those who have an STEMI in the United States , between 5 and 6 percent die before leaving the hospital and 7 to 18 percent die within a year .
Caesarean section
Mothers can experience increased incidence of postnatal depression , and can experience significant psychological trauma and ongoing birth - related post-traumatic stress disorder after obstetric intervention during the birthing process . Factors like pain in first stage of labor , feelings of powerlessness , intrusive emergency obstetric intervention are important in the subsequent development of psychological issues related to labour and delivery . Subsequent
Caesarean section
Non-medically indicated ( elective ) childbirth before 39 weeks gestation `` carry significant risks for the baby with no known benefit to the mother . '' Complications from elective caesarean before 39 weeks include : newborn mortality at 37 weeks may be up to 3 times the number at 40 weeks , and was elevated compared to 38 weeks gestation . These `` early term '' births were associated with more death during infancy , compared to those occurring at 39 to 41 weeks ( `` full term '' ) . Researchers in one study and another review found many benefits to going full term , but `` no adverse effects '' in the health of the mothers or babies .
Pub
A `` lock - in '' is when a pub owner lets drinkers stay in the pub after the legal closing time , on the theory that once the doors are locked , it becomes a private party rather than a pub . Patrons may put money behind the bar before official closing time , and redeem their drinks during the lock - in so no drinks are technically sold after closing time . The origin of the British lock - in was a reaction to 1915 changes in the licensing laws in England and Wales , which curtailed opening hours to stop factory workers from turning up drunk and harming the war effort . Since 1915 , the UK licensing laws had changed very little , with comparatively early closing times . The tradition of the lock - in therefore remained . Since the implementation of Licensing Act 2003 , premises in England and Wales may apply to extend their opening hours beyond 11 pm , allowing round - the - clock drinking and removing much of the need for lock - ins . Since the smoking ban , some establishments operated a lock - in during which the remaining patrons could smoke without repercussions but , unlike drinking lock - ins , allowing smoking in a pub was still a prosecutable offence .
The Gambia
The total fertility rate ( TFR ) was estimated at 3.98 children / woman in 2013 .
Caesarean section
Wound infections occur after cesarean sections at a rate of 3 - 15 % . Some women are at greater risk for developing a surgical site infection after delivery . The presence of choriamnionitis and obesity predisposes the woman to developing a surgical site infection .
Income inequality in the United States
Economists have proposed a variety of solutions for addressing income inequality . For example , Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen described four `` building blocks '' that could help address income and wealth inequality in an October 2014 speech . These included expanding resources available to children , affordable higher education , business ownership , and inheritance . While before - tax income inequality is subject to market factors , after - tax income inequality can be directly affected by tax and transfer policy . U.S. income inequality is comparable to other developed nations before taxes and transfers , but is among the worst after taxes and transfers . This suggests that more progressive tax and transfer policies would be required to align the U.S. with other developed nations . The Center for American Progress recommended a series of steps in September 2014 , including tax reform , subsidizing and reducing healthcare and higher education costs , and strengthening labor influence .
April Kepner
At first April and Jackson do not tell their friends about their marriage , but later they do because of a new rule at the hospital . Catherine Avery is not at all happy about her son 's elopement with April , and the fact that there was n't a prenuptial agreement . They soon make up after April signs a postnuptial agreement . Jackson and April soon hit a rough patch when they realize that they have different views in the way their children should be raised religious . Not long after their fight , April realizes she is pregnant . April and Jackson 's baby is diagnosed during pregnancy with Osteogenesis Imperfecta type 2 , and learn that the baby will not survive long after birth . Jackson believes that termination is the best option , however April would rather give birth to the baby knowing it will not live very long . They scheduled an induction for the next day , at the beginning of the appointment they are asked to sign their baby 's death certificate , which is too hard for the couple to bear . April does n't sign the papers and returns to work the same day praying for a miracle , while at work she has a heart to heart with a lady who lost her fiancé the night before . They decide to give birth to the baby via induction at 24 weeks gestation having it baptized right then . She gave birth to Samuel Norbert Avery , and he died a few hours after birth . In the following weeks after Samuel 's death , April and Jackson find it hard to be around each other and be intimate with one another . After April tries to seduce Jackson in a supply closet , Jackson asks if she is sure she wants this so soon after the death of their son , leaving April to storm out in anger . In the series 11 finale April decides to join Owen Hunt for 3 months as a trauma surgeon with the army ; this not being well received by Jackson . But after April states she needs this in order to grieve Samuel - Jackson lets her leave . Over the following months April lengthens her stay in the army , this having a strain on her and Jackson 's marriage as Jackson can rarely get a hold of her or talk to her over the phone .
Abu Simbel temples
Due to the displacement of the temple and / or the accumulated drift of the Tropic of Cancer during the past 3,280 years , it is widely believed that each of these two events has moved one day closer to the Solstice , so they would be occurring on October 22 and February 20 ( 60 days before and 60 days after the Solstice , respectively ) .
List of Six Feet Under characters
Brenda reconciles with Nate and becomes pregnant . On the night before their wedding , Brenda suffers a miscarriage . Brenda eventually becomes pregnant again and begins an internship as a cognitive therapist . About this time , Nate begins spending a lot of time with his step - sister Maggie and becomes interested in her religion . After Nate 's collapse and admission to hospital , he breaks up with Brenda but dies before divorce proceedings begin . Six weeks after Nate 's death , Brenda delivers a premature baby girl named Willa .
Carbon dioxide
The respiratory centers try to maintain an arterial CO pressure of 40 mm Hg . With intentional hyperventilation , the CO content of arterial blood may be lowered to 10 -- 20 mm Hg ( the oxygen content of the blood is little affected ) , and the respiratory drive is diminished . This is why one can hold one 's breath longer after hyperventilating than without hyperventilating . This carries the risk that unconsciousness may result before the need to breathe becomes overwhelming , which is why hyperventilation is particularly dangerous before free diving .
LASIK
Up to 46 percent of participants , who had no visual symptoms before surgery , reported at least one visual symptom at three months after surgery . Participants who developed new visual symptoms after surgery , most often developed halos . Up to 40 percent of participants with no halos before LASIK had halos three months following surgery . Up to 28 percent of participants with no symptoms of dry eyes before LASIK , reported dry eye symptoms at three months after their surgery . Less than 1 percent of study participants experienced `` a lot of '' difficulty with or inability to do usual activities without corrective lenses because of their visual symptoms ( halos , glare , et al . ) after LASIK surgery . Participants who were not satisfied with the LASIK surgery reported all types of visual symptoms the questionnaire measured ( double vision / ghosting , starbursts , glare , and halos ) .
Rovers Return Inn
23 January 2012 : During the wedding reception of Tracy Barlow ( Kate Ford ) and Steve McDonald ( Simon Gregson ) , Steve 's ex-wife Becky ( Katherine Kelly ) reveals that Tracy suffered a miscarriage the day before she blamed Becky for the miscarriage , thus meaning that Tracy was lying . Steve subsequently leaves Tracy . 9 September 2012 : Kirsty Soames ( Natalie Gumede ) goes into labour after a fight with barmaid Tina McIntyre ( Michelle Keegan ) . She later gives birth to her daughter Ruby Dobbs in the back room . 18 March 2013 : In an attempt to frame Jason Grimshaw ( Ryan Thomas ) for arson , Karl Munro ( John Michie ) sets fire to The Rovers , leaving Stella Price ( Michelle Collins ) and Sunita Alahan ( Shobna Gulati ) hospitalised , and killing Toni Griffiths ( Tara Moran ) and later Sunita . 26 May 2013 : After telling Izzy Armstrong ( Cherylee Houston ) that Gary Windass ( Mikey North ) had made a pass at her , Tina McIntyre ( Michelle Keegan ) goes into labour with their child two months early . 14 October 2013 : After accusing barmaid Tina McIntyre ( Michelle Keegan ) of having an affair with her husband David ( Jack P. Shepherd ) , Kylie Platt ( Paula Lane ) attacks her in The Rovers , leading to an explosive catfight . During the fight , Liz McDonald ( Beverley Callard ) returns to Coronation Street and announces that she is now co-owner of The Rovers . 25 December 2013 : A drunken Kylie Platt ( Paula Lane ) makes a pass at Rob Donovan ( Marc Baylis ) and ends up brawling with Tina McIntyre ( Michelle Keegan ) yet again outside of The Rovers . 22 January 2014 : Anna Windass ( Debbie Rush ) walks into The Rovers and reveals the news of Hayley Cropper 's ( Julie Hesmondhalgh ) death to the regulars . 27 May 2014 : Peter Barlow ( Chris Gascoyne ) tells his wife Carla Connor ( Alison King ) about his affair with Tina McIntyre ( Michelle Keegan ) in the backroom . She storms into the pub , shouting that she wants to `` kill '' Tina . When Tina is later attacked and dies , Carla becomes the prime suspect .
Heart
Before the fifth week , there is an opening in the fetal heart known as the foramen ovale . The foramen ovale allowed blood in the fetal heart to pass directly from the right atrium to the left atrium , allowing some blood to bypass the lungs . Within seconds after birth , a flap of tissue known as the septum primum that previously acted as a valve closes the foramen ovale and establishes the typical cardiac circulation pattern . A depression in the surface of the right atrium remains where the foramen ovale once walls , called the fossa ovalis .
Lead poisoning
People receiving dimercaprol need to be assessed for peanut allergies since the commercial formulation contains peanut oil . Calcium EDTA is also effective if administered four hours after the administration of dimercaprol . Administering dimercaprol , DMSA ( Succimer ) , or DMPS prior to calcium EDTA is necessary to prevent the redistribution of lead into the central nervous system . Dimercaprol used alone may also redistribute lead to the brain and testes . An adverse side effect of calcium EDTA is renal toxicity . Succimer ( DMSA ) is the preferred agent in mild to moderate lead poisoning cases . This may be the case in instances where children have a blood lead level > 25μg / dL . The most reported adverse side effect for succimer is gastrointestinal disturbances . It is also important to note that chelation therapy only lowers blood lead levels and may not prevent the lead - induced cognitive problems associated with lower lead levels in tissue . This may be because of the inability of these agents to remove sufficient amounts of lead from tissue or inability to reverse preexisting damage . Chelating agents can have adverse effects ; for example , chelation therapy can lower the body 's levels of necessary nutrients like zinc . Chelating agents taken orally can increase the body 's absorption of lead through the intestine .
Rafe Hernandez
EJ gave full custody of the kids to Sami . Rafe was fired from the Salem Police Department by Roman . After being fired Rafe wrongly believe Austin got him fired which cause problems between Austin and Rafe and Sami and Carrie . Later there was a shooting at the Brady pub and Johnny went missing but Rafe would find him later on with Will . After Rafe and Carrie started working in John 's case after that Rafe and Carrie would started an investigation business . The two started develop feelings for each other and was getting closer . Rafe and Carrie would share a kiss that Sami would walk in on them . Which cause even more problems between Rafe and Sami than Rafe would found out EJ and Sami slept together . Rafe attack EJ and told Nicole , Rafe would leave Sami after his marriage ended . Rafe pursue a relationship with Carrie who was still married to Austin . However Rafe found out Nicole was pregnant with EJ child . Rafe volunteer to help keep EJ from Nicole 's baby and did n't waste anytime getting involved . Even Rafe lied and said the baby was his which was n't too long after Rafe discovery that Sami cheat on him with EJ . However Carrie overhear Rafe 's clam and would go back to Austin . However Rafe continue to pursue Carrie which lead to them be tapped in a safe house with a bomb . Where Rafe admit that Nicole 's baby was EJ . Carrie ask why he lied and Rafe said , because he hates EJ . The two kissed passionately before escaping . But Carrie end up being pregnant with Austin 's baby and two ended up leaving town . Meanwhile , Rafe would conspire with Daniel and Nicole to keep EJ away from the baby . Daniel switch DNA test results to fool EJ but EJ would give up . However Stefano be killed which lead to Rafe getting rehire at the Salem Police Department and as soon as Rafe got his job back he pursue EJ during the investigation . EJ became the prime suspect in the case of the murder of Stefano Dimera while Rafe target EJ and went after him . EJ and Sami went on the run but Rafe would find them in one of Stefano 's safe . Later EJ would return to find Rafe who was there to arrest him but Rafe find out that Stefano was still alive however Rafe still arrested EJ and Sami .
Battle of the Hornburg
In an earlier scene , Gandalf is skeptical towards the Hornburg and suggests that the forces of Rohan should meet Saruman 's army in the open field , an idea immediately rejected by Théoden . The opposite happens in the book : Théoden rides to reinforce Erkenbrand at the Fords of Isen ; when it is learned that Erkenbrand was defeated and driven from the fords , Gandalf advises Théoden to divert his force to the Hornburg . Before and during the battle , Jackson shows women and children of Rohan being sheltered within the Deeps , overseen by Éowyn . Later , he shows all boys able to carry weapons arming for battle . Aragorn comforts a boy named Haleth son of Háma ( already dead at this point in the movie , but who dies before the gates of the Hornburg in the novel ) . In the text , the women and children of Edoras are sheltered at Dunharrow . However many of the folk from the Westfold had taken shelter in the Deeps after the defeat of Erkenbrand at the ford of Isen . In the novel , the Orcs are temporarily delayed at Helm 's Dike , while in the movie they march unhindered until they reach the walls . In the novel , there are no other Elven archers besides Legolas present . Legolas merely wishes that they had a hundred archers of Mirkwood with them , and tells Gimli that his folk are busy with their own troubles . The Elves of Lothlórien and Mirkwood do withstand assaults by Sauron 's armies ; but these battles occur off stage . In his commentary on the Extended DVD version , Jackson said he wanted to show the sacrifice of the Elves in a visible fashion . Craig Parker , the actor who portrayed Haldir , suggested on his commentary his character was killed to show the consequences of battle as opposed to `` boys running around hitting sticks together and wandering off at the end . '' The ambiguous `` blasting - fire '' of the novel is interpreted as bombs containing a form of black powder , detonated by an Uruk carrying a torch with a glittering white flame . Aragorn 's parley is not featured .
Caesarean section
Wound infections occur after caesarean sections at a rate of 3 - 15 % .