vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
New Spain
The Cortés haciendas in Tehuantepec were key components of the province 's economy , and they were directly linked to other Marquesado enterprises in greater Mexico in an integrated fashion . The Dominicans also had significant holdings in Tehuantepec , but there has been little research on these . However important the Marquesado and the Dominican enterprises were , there were also other economic players in the region , including individual Spaniards as well as existing indigenous communities . Ranching emerged as the dominant rural enterprise in most of Tehuantepec with a ranching boom in the period 1580 -- 1640 . Since Tehuantepec experienced significant indigenous population loss in the sixteenth century conforming to the general pattern , ranching made possible for Spaniards to thrive in Tehuantepec because ranching was not dependent on significant amounts of indigenous labor .
Santiago de Compostela
Possibly raided from 711 to 739 by the Arabs , the bishopric of Iria was incorporated into the Kingdom of Asturias c. 750 . At some point between 818 and 842 , during the reign of Alfonso II of Asturias , bishop Theodemar of Iria ( d . 847 ) claimed to have found some remains which were attributed to Saint James the Greater . This discovery was accepted in part because the Pope and Charlemagne -- who had died in 814 -- had acknowledged Asturias as a kingdom and Alfonso II as king , and had also crafted close political and ecclesiastic ties . Around the place of the discovery a new settlement and centre of pilgrimage emerged , which was known to the author Usuard in 865 and which was called Compostella by the 10th century .
Area of a circle
Suppose that the area C enclosed by the circle is greater than the area T = ⁄ cr of the triangle . Let E denote the excess amount . Inscribe a square in the circle , so that its four corners lie on the circle . Between the square and the circle are four segments . If the total area of those gaps , G , is greater than E , split each arc in half . This makes the inscribed square into an inscribed octagon , and produces eight segments with a smaller total gap , G. Continue splitting until the total gap area , G , is less than E. Now the area of the inscribed polygon , P = C − G , must be greater than that of the triangle .
Mexico City
The above municipalities are located in the state of Mexico but are part of the Greater Mexico City area . Approximately 75 % ( 10 million ) of the state of México 's population live in municipalities that are part of Greater Mexico City 's conurbation .
American Pie (song)
On March 14 , 2015 , the National Museum of Mathematics announced that one of two winners of its songwriting contest was `` American Pi '' by mathematics education professor Dr. Lawrence M. Lesser . The contest was in honor of `` Pi Day of the Century '' because `` 3 / 14 / 15 '' would be the only day in the 21st - century showing the first five digits of π ( pi ) .
Something New (How I Met Your Mother)
Although The Mother only says one line , the scene was filmed in secrecy , with scripts only kept on hardcopy that were destroyed , Milioti being driven to the studio very late at night , and members of the production staff serving as extras during the train station scene . They welcomed Milioti to the stage like `` Jesus has risen '' , show creators Carter Bays and Craig Thomas said , with the latter describing it as `` a very surreal moment . It was a moment we pictured for a lot of years '' .
Potentiality and actuality
In essence this means that Aristotle did not see things as matter in motion only , but also proposed that all things have their own aims or ends . In other words , for Aristotle ( unlike modern science ) there is a distinction between things with a natural cause in the strongest sense , and things that truly happen by accident . He even says that for any possibility ( dunamis ) to be become real and not just possible , requires reason , and desire or deliberate choice . Because of this style of reasoning , Aristotle is often referred to as having a teleology , and sometimes as having a theory of forms .
Vespers
On weekdays that are not major feasts Vespers features hardly any ceremonies and the celebrant wears the usual choir dress . However , on Sundays and greater feasts Vespers may be solemn . Solemn Vespers differ in that the celebrant wears the cope , he is assisted by assistants also in copes , incense is used , and two acolytes , a thurifer , and at least one master of ceremonies are needed . On ordinary Sundays only two assistants are needed while on greater feasts four or six assistants may be used . The celebrant and assistants vest in the surplice and the cope , which is of the color of the day . The celebrant sits at the sedile , in front of which is placed a lectern , covered with a cloth in the color of the day . The assistants sit on benches or stools facing the altar , or if there are two assistants , they may sit at the sedile next to the celebrant ( the first assistant in the place of the deacon and the second assistant in place of the subdeacon ) .
Soil erosion
Wind erosion is much more severe in arid areas and during times of drought . For example , in the Great Plains , it is estimated that soil loss due to wind erosion can be as much as 6100 times greater in drought years than in wet years .
Where the Wild Things Are (film)
Vincent Crowley as Carol Alice Parkinson as K.W. John Leary as Douglas Sam Longley as Ira Nick Farnell as Judith Sonny Gerasimowicz as Alexander Angus Sampson as Bernard the Bull
Transport in London
A 1938 report , The Highway Development Survey , by Sir Charles Bressey and Sir Edwin Lutyens for the Ministry of Transport and Sir Patrick Abercrombie 's 1943 County of London Plan and 1944 Greater London Plan all recommended the construction of many miles of new roads and the improvement of existing routes and junctions but little was done to implement the recommendations . In the 1960s the Greater London Council prepared a drastic plan for a network of London Ringways including the construction of the London Motorway Box which would have involved massive demolition and huge cost to bring motorways into the heart of the city . Resistance from Central Government over the costs and campaigns of objection from local residents caused the cancellation of most of the plans in 1973 . By the end of the 20th century policy swung towards a preference for public transport improvements , although the 118 - mile ( 190 km ) M25 orbital motorway was constructed between 1973 and 1986 to provide a route for traffic to bypass the London urban area .
Millennials
Over half of millennials polled in the United Kingdom in 2013 said they had `` no religion nor attended a place of worship '' , other than for a wedding or a funeral . 25 % said they `` believe in a God '' , while 19 % believed in a `` spiritual greater power '' and 38 % said they did not believe in God nor any other `` greater spiritual power '' . The poll also found 41 % thought religion was `` the cause of evil '' in the world more often than good . The British Social Attitudes Survey found that 71 % of British 18 - 24 year - olds were not religious , with just 3 % affiliated to the once - dominant Church of England .
Dodo
One of the most detailed descriptions is by Sir Thomas Herbert in A Relation of Some Yeares Travaille into Afrique and the Greater Asia from 1634 :
Stranger Things
Set in the fictional town of Hawkins , Indiana , in the 1980s , the first season focuses on the investigation into the disappearance of a young boy amid supernatural events occurring around the town , including the appearance of a girl with psychokinetic abilities who helps the missing boy 's friends in their own search . The second season , titled Stranger Things 2 , is set a year after the first , and deals with attempts of the characters to return to normal and consequences that linger from the first season .
Returns to scale
Constant returns to scale if ( for any constant a greater than 0 ) F ( a K , a L ) = a F ( K , L ) ( \ displaystyle \ F ( aK , aL ) = aF ( K , L ) ) Increasing returns to scale if ( for any constant a greater than 1 ) F ( a K , a L ) > a F ( K , L ) , ( \ displaystyle \ F ( aK , aL ) > aF ( K , L ) , ) Decreasing returns to scale if ( for any constant a greater than 1 ) F ( a K , a L ) < a F ( K , L ) ( \ displaystyle \ F ( aK , aL ) < aF ( K , L ) )
Normal distribution
If X ( \ displaystyle X ) has a normal distribution , these moments exist and are finite for any p ( \ displaystyle p ) whose real part is greater than − 1 . For any non-negative integer p ( \ displaystyle p ) , the plain central moments are :
Referendums in the United Kingdom
Greater London Authority referendum , 1998 , on whether there should be a Mayor of London and Greater London Authority ( yes ) North East England devolution referendum , 2004 , on an elected regional assembly ( no )
Femur
In primitive tetrapods , the main points of muscle attachment along the femur are the internal trochanter and third trochanter , and a ridge along the ventral surface of the femoral shaft referred to as the adductor crest . The neck of the femur is generally minimal or absent in the most primitive forms , reflecting a simple attachment to the acetabulum . The greater trochanter was present in the extinct archosaurs , as well as in modern birds and mammals , being associated with the loss of the primitive sprawling gait . The lesser trochanter is a unique development of mammals , which lack both the internal and fourth trochanters . The adductor crest is also often absent in mammals or alternatively reduced to a series of creases along the surface of the bone .
Characters of God of War
Theseus -- A servant of the Sisters of Fate guarding the Steeds of Time . Theseus challenged Kratos to determine who was the greatest warrior in all of Greece , but was killed in battle . The character was voiced by Paul Eiding in God of War II .
Titanic II
Greater beam for enhanced stability Welded , not riveted , hull Reduced draught ( draft ) Bulbous bow for higher fuel efficiency , although moderately sized compared to ships of newer designs A
Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
Members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - day Saints believe their first prophet , Joseph Smith , revealed that the book described by John `` contains the revealed will , mysteries , and the works of God ; the hidden things of his economy concerning this earth during the seven thousand years of its continuance , or its temporal existence '' and that the seals describe these things for the seven thousand years of the Earth 's temporal existence , each seal representing 1,000 years .
Original sin
St. Anselm refers : `` the sin of Adam was one thing but the sin of children at their birth is quite another , the former was the cause , the latter is the effect '' In a child original sin is distinct from the fault of Adam , it is one of its effects . The effects of Adam 's sin according to the Catholic Encyclopedia are :
Abomination (Bible)
The common but slighty different Hebrew term , tōʻēḇā , is also translated as abomination in the Authorized King James Version , and sometimes in the NASB . Many modern versions of the Bible ( including the NIV and NET ) translate it detestable ; the NAB translates it loathsome . It is mainly used to denote idolatry ; and in many other cases it refers to inherently evil things such as illicit sex , lying , murder , deceit , etc. ; and for unclean foods .
Helsinki
83 of the 100 largest Finnish companies have their headquarters in Greater Helsinki . Two - thirds of the 200 highest - paid Finnish executives live in Greater Helsinki and 42 % in Helsinki . The average income of the top 50 earners was 1.65 million euro .
Stranger Things
The Duffer Brothers developed the series as a mix of investigative drama alongside supernatural elements with childlike sensibilities , establishing its time frame in the 1980s and creating a homage to pop culture of that decade . Several themes and directorial aspects were inspired and aesthetically informed by the works of Steven Spielberg , John Carpenter , and Stephen King , among others , including several films , anime and video games .
Gospel of Mark
Mark also calls Jesus `` christos '' ( Christ ) , translating the Hebrew `` messiah , '' ( anointed person ) . In the Old Testament the term messiah ( `` anointed one '' ) described prophets , priests and kings ; by the time of Jesus , with the kingdom long vanished , it had come to mean an eschatological king ( a king who would come at the end of time ) , one who would be entirely human though far greater than all God 's previous messengers to Israel , endowed with miraculous powers , free from sin , ruling in justice and glory ( as described in , for example , the Psalms of Solomon , a Jewish work from this period ) . The most important occurrences are in the context of Jesus ' death and suffering , suggesting that , for Mark , Jesus can only be fully understood in that context .
Stranger Things
As part of its release on Netflix on April 14 , 2017 , the cast of the rebooted version of Mystery Science Theater 3000 riffed on the first part of `` Chapter 1 '' of Stranger Things . Google used augmented reality ( AR ) `` stickers '' of Stranger Things characters to introduce its ARCore technology announced alongside its Pixel 2 phone in October 2017 . Sesame Street created a young audience - appropriate spoof of Stranger Things , called Sharing Things , released in November 2017 ; it featured Cookie Monster as the `` Cookiegorgon '' , Grover as Lucas , Ernie as Dustin , and included several nods to the narrative of the second season .
America's Got Talent (season 12)
Act Order Performance Type Buzzes and judges ' choices Result Cowell Klum Brown Mandel DaNell Daymon & Greater Works Gospel Choir Won Judges ' Choice Junior and Emily Alabi Salsa Dance Duo Eliminated Final Draft Vocal Group Eliminated Oscar Hernandez Dancer Eliminated Angelina Green 5 Singer Lost Judges ' Choice Colin Cloud 6 Mentalist Dunkin ' Save Mike Yung 7 Singer Advanced Oskar and Gaspar 8 Videomapping Act Eliminated Sara and Hero 9 Dog Act Advanced Chase Goehring 10 Singer - Songwriter / Guitarist Advanced Diavolo 11 Acrobatic Dance Group Advanced Kechi Okwuchi 12 Singer Advanced
Transport in London
Train operator Franchise / services Parent company / owner Abellio Greater Anglia East Anglia franchise - Local and regional / commuter services to Essex , Hertfordshire and Cambridgeshire , serving Liverpool Street Abellio Arriva Rail London London Overground metro service across London Arriva c2c Essex Thameside - local and regional / commuter services in East London and South Essex serving Fenchurch Street Trenitalia Chiltern Railways London to Aylesbury Line - local and regional / commuter services to North West London , Buckinghamshire serving Marylebone Arriva East Midlands Trains Regional services to Corby serving St Pancras Stagecoach Group Thameslink Great Northern Thameslink and Great Northern Route provides local , commuter and regional services to North London , South London , Hertfordshire , Cambridgeshire , Bedfordshire , Kent and Sussex serving King 's Cross , St Pancras , Moorgate , Blackfriars , and London Bridge Govia Gatwick Express Express service to Gatwick Airport , part of Southern franchise serving Victoria Govia Great Western Railway Local and regional / commuter services to West London and the Thames Valley region serving Paddington FirstGroup Heathrow Connect Stopping service to Heathrow Airport serving Paddington Heathrow Express / Great Western Railway joint venture Heathrow Express Non-stop service to Heathrow Airport serving Paddington Heathrow Airport Holdings London Midland Local and regional / commuter services to Hertfordshire , Buckinghamshire and Northamptonshire , Warwickshire and Staffordshire serving Euston Govia South West Trains Waterloo to Reading line , Local services to South West London and regional / commuter services to Surrey , Hampshire , Dorset & Berkshire serving Waterloo Stagecoach Group Southeastern Local metro services across South East London and commuter and regional services to Kent serving London Charing Cross , London Victoria , London Cannon Street and London Blackfriars . Southeastern High Speed commuter services to Kent serving London St Pancras Govia Southern Local / commuter services in South London and commuter / regional services to Sussex ; stopping service to Gatwick Airport ; the cross-London route to Milton Keynes serving London Bridge and Victoria Govia Stansted Express Express service to Stansted Airport , part of Abellio Greater Anglia serving Liverpool Street Abellio TfL Rail Local and commuter services to Gidea Park and Shenfield serving Liverpool Street MTR Corporation
Transport in London
Two other airports are at the edge of the city but within the Greater London boundary : Biggin Hill , around 23 km southeast of the centre , and London 's principal airport , Heathrow , 20 -- 25 km from central London .
Mental calculation
Find the cube root of 456533 . The cube root ends in 7 . After the last three digits are taken away , 456 remains . 456 is greater than all the cubes up to 7 cubed . The first digit of the cube root is 7 . The cube root of 456533 is 77 .
Polygon
A simple polygon is convex , planar , more easily handled by algorithms and hardware . a concave polygon is a simple polygon having at least one interior angle greater than 180 ° . A complex polygon may have arbitrary topology including holes , requiring more advanced algorithms ( often systems will tesselate these into simple polygons ) .
Lance Franklin
Prior to the 2014 season , his first as a Swan , Franklin opted to continue wearing the number 23 guernsey that he previously wore for Hawthorn . He made his debut for the Sydney Swans in the round 1 Sydney Derby against cross-town rivals Greater Western Sydney at Spotless Stadium , and finished the game with one goal in a shock loss . After a slow start for both Franklin and the Swans , when they lost three of their first four matches , Franklin returned to form against Fremantle at the SCG , kicking four second - half goals in what would be the first of a club record - equalling twelve successive wins , during which he twice narrowly avoided suspension . In round 8 against Hawthorn at ANZ Stadium , Franklin kicked seven successive behinds in the first three quarters , before kicking two fourth - quarter goals to seal an upset victory in Franklin 's first match against his former side .
Flint water crisis
Dave Chappelle donated $50,000 to the Community Foundation of Greater Flint after performing standup comedy at Flint 's Whiting Auditorium .
New Deal
The nation came through its greatest depression without undermining the capitalist system ( Billington and Ridge ) Making the capitalist system more beneficial by enacting banking and stock market regulations to avoid abuses and providing greater financial security through , for example the introduction of Social Security or the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ( David M. Kennedy ) Created a better balance among labor , agriculture and industry ( Billington and Ridge ) Produced a more equal distribution of wealth ( Billington and Ridge ) Help conserve natural resources ( Billington and Ridge ) Permanently established the principle that the national government should take action to rehabilitate and preserve America 's human resources ( Billington and Ridge )
United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine
Ben - Gurion said `` I know of no greater achievement by the Jewish people ... in its long history since it became a people . ''
Treaty of Waitangi
The English - language version recognises Māori rights to `` properties '' , which seems to imply physical and perhaps intellectual property . The Māori version , on the other hand , mentions `` taonga '' , meaning `` treasures '' or `` precious things '' . In Māori usage the term applies much more broadly than the English concept of legal property , and since the 1980s courts have found that the term can encompass intangible things such as language and culture . Even where physical property such as land is concerned , differing cultural understandings as to what types of land are able to be privately owned have caused problems , as for example in the foreshore and seabed controversy of 2003 -- 04 .
Stranger Things
Kai L. Greene as Funshine , a member of Kali 's crew James Landry Hébert as Axel , a member of Kali 's crew Anna Jacoby - Heron as Dottie , a member of Kali 's crew Gabrielle Maiden as Mick , a member of Kali 's crew Aaron Muñoz as Mr. Holland , Barbara 's father Karen Ceesay as Mrs. Sinclair , Lucas and Erica 's mother Drew Scheid as Nancy , Steve and Jonathan 's classmate Pruitt Taylor Vince as Ray , a technician at Hawkins Laboratory who performed forcible electroshock therapy on Terry Ives , contributing to her deteriorated mental state Arnell Powell as Mr. Sinclair , Lucas and Erica 's father Will Chase as Neil Hargrove , Billy 's abusive father , Max 's stepfather , and Susan 's husband Jennifer Marshall as Susan Hargrove , Max 's mother , Billy 's stepmother , and Neil 's wife Introduced
Duffer Brothers
From their experience in television , they began pitching their idea for Stranger Things , which Dan Cohen eventually brought to Shawn Levy . With Levy 's 21 Laps production company on board , the show was quickly picked up by Netflix . The show is set in 1983 Indiana and is an homage to ' 80s pop culture , inspired and aesthetically informed by the works of Steven Spielberg , John Carpenter , Stephen King , and George Lucas , among others .
Iliad
The Achaeans ( Ἀχαιοί ) -- also called Hellenes ( Greeks ) , Danaans ( Δαναοί ) , or Argives ( Ἀργεĩοι ) . Agamemnon -- King of Mycenae , leader of the Greeks . Achilles -- son of Peleus , foremost warrior , leader of the Myrmidons and King of Phthia , son of a divine mother , Thetis . Odysseus -- King of Ithaca , Greek commander . Ajax the Greater -- son of Telamon and king of Salamis . Menelaus -- King of Sparta , husband of Helen and brother of Agamemnon . Diomedes -- son of Tydeus , King of Argos . Ajax the Lesser -- son of Oileus , commander of the Locrians . Patroclus -- Achilles ' closest companion . Nestor -- King of Pylos , and trusted advisor to Agamemnon . Achilles
Pragmatism
Joseph Margolis , in Historied Thought , Constructed World ( California , 1995 ) , makes a distinction between `` existence '' and `` reality '' . He suggests using the term `` exists '' only for those things which adequately exhibit Peirce 's Secondness : things which offer brute physical resistance to our movements . In this way , such things which affect us , like numbers , may be said to be `` real '' , although they do not `` exist '' . Margolis suggests that God , in such a linguistic usage , might very well be `` real '' , causing believers to act in such and such a way , but might not `` exist '' .
Flint water crisis
Jimmy Fallon donated $10,000 to the Community Foundation of Greater Flint while a group made up of actor Mark Wahlberg and rappers Sean Combs , Eminem , and Wiz Khalifa donated 1 million bottles of water to Flint .
American Revolution
The Declaration also referred to the `` Laws of Nature and of Nature 's God '' as justification for the Americans ' separation from the British monarchy . Most eighteenth - century Americans believed that nature , the entire universe , was God 's creation . Therefore , he was `` Nature 's God . '' Everything , including man , was part of the `` universal order of things '' , which began with God and was pervaded and directed by his providence . Accordingly , the signers of the Declaration professed their `` firm reliance on the Protection of divine Providence . '' And they appealed to `` the Supreme Judge ( God ) for the rectitude of ( their ) intentions . '' Like most of his countrymen , George Washington was firmly convinced that he was an instrument of providence , to the benefit of the American people and of all humanity .
Slope
The steepness , incline , or grade of a line is measured by the absolute value of the slope . A slope with a greater absolute value indicates a steeper line . The direction of a line is either increasing , decreasing , horizontal or vertical .