vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Akbar
Having established Mughal rule over northern India , Akbar turned his attention to the conquest of Rajputana . No imperial power in India based on the Indo - Gangetic plains could be secure if a rival centre of power existed on its flank in Rajputana . The Mughals had already established domination over parts of northern Rajputana in Mewat , Ajmer , and Nagor . Now , Akbar was determined to drive into the heartlands of the Rajput kings that had never previously submitted to the Muslim rulers of the Delhi Sultanate . Beginning in 1561 , the Mughals actively engaged the Rajputs in warfare and diplomacy . Most Rajput states accepted Akbar 's suzerainty ; the rulers of Mewar and Marwar , Udai Singh and Chandrasen Rathore , however , remained outside the imperial fold . Rana Udai Singh was descended from the Sisodia ruler , Rana Sanga , who had died fighting Babur at the Battle of Khanwa in 1527 . As the head of the Sisodia clan , he possessed the highest ritual status of all the Rajput kings and chieftains in India . Unless Udai Singh was reduced to submission , the imperial authority of the Mughals would be lessened in Rajput eyes . Furthermore , Akbar , at this early period , was still enthusiastically devoted to the cause of Islam and sought to impress the superiority of his faith over the most prestigious warriors in Brahminical Hinduism .
Axis powers
Montenegro was an Italian dependency from 1941 to 1943 known as the Governorate of Montenegro that was under the control of an Italian military governor . Initially , the Italians intended that Montenegro would become an `` independent '' state closely allied with Italy , reinforced through the strong dynastic links between Italy and Montenegro , as Queen Elena of Italy was a daughter of the last Montenegrin king Nicholas I . The Italian - backed Montenegrin nationalist Sekula Drljević and his followers attempted to create a Montenegrin state . On 12 July 1941 , they proclaimed the `` Kingdom of Montenegro '' under the protection of Italy . In less than 24 hours , that triggered a general uprising against the Italians . Within three weeks , the insurgents managed to capture almost all the territory of Montenegro . Over 70,000 Italian troops and 20,000 of Albanian and Muslim irregulars were deployed to suppress the rebellion . Drljevic was expelled from Montenegro in October 1941 . Montenegro then came under full direct Italian control . With the Italian capitulation of 1943 , Montenegro came directly under the control of Germany .
St. Augustine, Florida
Desiring to protect its claimed territories in North America against such incursions , the Spanish Crown issued an asiento to Menéndez , signed by King Philip II on March 20 , 1565 , granting him expansive trade privileges , the power to distribute lands , and licenses to sell 500 slaves , as well as various titles , including that of adelantado of Florida . This contract directed Menéndez to sail for La Florida , reconnoitre it from the Florida Keys to present - day Canada , and report on its coastal features , with a view to establishing a permanent settlement for the defense of the Spanish treasure fleet . He was ordered as well to drive away any intruders who were not subjects of the Spanish crown .
Akbar
Akbar accepted the offer of diplomacy , but the Portuguese continually asserted their authority and power in the Indian Ocean ; in fact Akbar was highly concerned when he had to request a permit from the Portuguese before any ships from the Mughal Empire were to depart for the Hajj pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina . In 1573 , he issued a firman directing Mughal administrative officials in Gujarat not to provoke the Portuguese in the territory they held in Daman . The Portuguese , in turn , issued passes for the members of Akbar 's family to go on Hajj to Mecca . The Portuguese made mention of the extraordinary status of the vessel and the special status to be accorded to its occupants .
Separation of powers under the United States Constitution
Throughout America 's history dominance of one of the three branches has essentially been a see - saw struggle between Congress and the president . Both have had periods of great power and weakness such as immediately after the Civil War when republicans had a majority in Congress and were able to pass major legislation and shoot down most of the president 's vetoes . They also passed acts to essentially make the president subordinate to Congress , such as the Tenure of Office Act . Johnson 's later impeachment also cost the presidency much political power . However the president has also exercised greater power largely during the 20th century . Both Roosevelts greatly expanded the powers of the president and wielded great power during their terms .
War Powers Resolution
Congress invoked the War Powers Resolution in the Multinational Force in Lebanon Act ( P.L. 98 - 119 ) , which authorized the Marines to remain in Lebanon for 18 months during 1982 and 1983 . In addition , the Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 1991 ( Pub. L. 102 -- 1 ) which authorized United States combat operations against Iraqi forces during the 1991 Gulf War , stated that it constituted specific statutory authorization within the meaning of the War Powers Resolution .
War Powers Resolution
The War Powers Resolution was passed by both the House of Representatives and Senate but was vetoed by President Richard Nixon . By a two - thirds vote in each house , Congress overrode the veto and enacted the joint resolution into law on November 7 , 1973 .
War Powers Resolution
The War Powers Resolution ( also known as the War Powers Resolution of 1973 or the War Powers Act ) ( 50 U.S.C. 1541 -- 1548 ) is a federal law intended to check the president 's power to commit the United States to an armed conflict without the consent of the U.S. Congress . The Resolution was adopted in the form of a United States Congress joint resolution . It provides that the U.S. President can send U.S. Armed Forces into action abroad only by declaration of war by Congress , `` statutory authorization , '' or in case of `` a national emergency created by attack upon the United States , its territories or possessions , or its armed forces . ''
Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India
The 42nd Amendment granted power to the President , in consultation with the Election Commission , to disqualify members of State Legislatures . Prior to the Amendment , this power was power vested in the Governor of the State . Article 105 was amended so as to grant each House of Parliament , its members and committees the right to `` evolve '' their `` powers , privileges and immunities '' , `` from time to time '' . Article 194 was amended to grant the same rights as Clause 21 to State Legislatures , its members and committees . Two new clauses 4A and 26A were inserted into article 366 of the Constitution , which defined the meaning of the terms `` Central Law '' and `` State Law '' by inserting two new clauses 4A and 26A into article 366 of the Constitution .
Timon and Pumbaa
It is revealed in the series that before Timon met Pumbaa , he had a best friend named Fred , who enjoys pulling practical jokes . In the episode `` Isle of Manhood '' , it is shown that Timon attempts to pass the test of manhood in order to become brave and manly instead of the cowardly meerkat he sometimes claims himself to be . In Pumbaa 's case , it is revealed that he was once a member of a warthog sounder , but by the time he was fully grown , the warthogs banished him because of his smell , which was appalling even by warthog standards . It is also stated that years before the episode `` Madagascar About You '' , an arranged marriage has been set up for Pumbaa before he was even born .
Themistocles
Themistocles also now returned to his naval policy , and more ambitious undertakings that would increase the dominant position of his native state . He further extended and fortified the port complex at Piraeus , and `` fastened the city ( Athens ) to the Piraeus , and the land to the sea '' . Themistocles probably aimed to make Athens the dominant naval power in the Aegean . Indeed , Athens would create the Delian League in 478 BC , uniting the naval power of the Aegean Islands and Ionia under Athenian leadership . Themistocles introduced tax breaks for merchants and artisans , to attract both people and trade to the city to make Athens a great mercantile centre . He also instructed the Athenians to build 20 triremes per year , to ensure that their dominance in naval matters continued . Plutarch reports that Themistocles also secretly proposed to destroy the beached ships of the other Allied navies to ensure complete naval dominance -- but was overruled by Aristides and the council of Athens .
List of The 100 episodes
Elsewhere at the lab , Raven pushes herself to make a tough choice due to both Becca and Sinclair 's hallucinations over how to cure her damaged brain and to continue building the space rocket . 57 12 `` The Chosen '' Alex Kalymnios Aaron Ginsburg & Wade McIntyre May 17 , 2017 ( 2017 - 05 - 17 ) T27. 13262 0.83 Jaha and Kane disagree over how to handle their grim reality when they must choose only 100 out of their 400 people to shelter at the Second Dawn bunker to make room for the rest of the 1,200 grounders that want to place their own survivors there as well . It all leads to holding a lottery which threatens to tear the fragile plans apart . Abby asks Kane to let her give up her place to make space for others . Meanwhile , Clarke leads Bellamy , Murphy , and Emori , to save Raven , who still is at the lab . However , they run into a grounder clan , which wreck their truck until Echo appears to save them . With no time to return to Polis , Monty and Harper are called to transport the group to the lab , where they decide to go to space before the death wave reaches them . 58 13 `` Praimfaya '' Dean White Jason Rothenberg May 24 , 2017 ( 2017 - 05 - 24 ) T27. 13263 0.91 As the death wave hits Polis and the Second Dawn bunker , Clarke , Bellamy , Murphy , Emori , Monty , Harper and Echo gather at the lab along with Raven to get the rocket ready to travel to the remains of the Ark in its decaying orbit to resettle . Monty is incapacitated after going out along with Murphy to obtain an oxygen generator to install in the Ark . Bellamy stops Echo from committing suicide by persuading her to make a difference with their work . With only 90 minutes before the radioactive pyroclastic wave of the death wave hits , Clarke decides to stay behind to climb to the top of a 300 - foot antenna tower to realign the dish in order to program power for the Ark prior to launch . The rocket 's launch is successful , and Raven spacewalks to the Ark to dock the rocket pod .
Battle of Drepana
Meanwhile , on the flagship , some sources state that Pulcher , as the senior magistrate in command , took the auspices before battle , according to Roman religious requirements . The prescribed method was observing the feeding behaviour of the sacred chickens , on board for that purpose . If the chickens accepted the offered grain , then the Roman gods would be favourable to the battle . However , on that particular morning of 249 BC , the chickens refused to eat -- a horrific omen . Confronted with the unexpected and having to deal with the superstitious and now terrified crews , Pulcher quickly devised an alternative interpretation . He threw the sacred chickens overboard , saying , `` Let them drink , since they do n't wish to eat . '' ( Latin `` Bibant , quoniam esse nolunt . )
Central Powers
Jabal Shammar was an Arab state in the Middle East that was closely associated with the Ottoman Empire .
War Powers Resolution
In spite of the prohibition , President Obama , and later President Trump , introduced ground forces into Syria and the United States became fully engaged in the country . On April 6 , 2017 , the United States launched 59 BGM - 109 Tomahawk missiles at Shayrat airbase in Syria in response to Syria 's alleged use of chemical weapons . Constitutional scholar and law professor Stephen Vladeck has noted that the strike potentially violated the War Powers Resolution .
Ecuador
Before the arrival of the Spaniards , the Inca Empire was involved in a civil war . The untimely death of both the heir Ninan Cuchi and the Emperor Huayna Capac , from a European disease that spread into Ecuador , created a power vacuum between two factions . The northern faction headed by Atahualpa claims that Huayna Capac gave a verbal decree before his death about how the empire should be divided . He gave the territories pertaining to present - day Ecuador and northern Peru to his favorite son Atahualpa , who was to rule from Quito ; and he gave the rest to Huáscar , who was to rule from Cuzco . He willed that his heart be buried in Quito , his favorite city , and the rest of his body be buried with his ancestors in Cuzco .
War Powers Resolution
It is generally agreed that the commander - in - chief role gives the President power to repel attacks against the United States and makes the President responsible for leading the armed forces . The President has the right to sign or veto congressional acts , such as a declaration of war , and Congress may override any such presidential veto . Additionally , when the president 's actions ( or inactions ) provide `` Aid and Comfort '' to enemies or levy war against the United States , then Congress has the power to impeach and remove ( convict ) the president for treason . For actions short of treason , they can remove the president for `` Bribery , or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors '' , the definition of which the Supreme Court has left up to Congress . Therefore , the war power was intentionally split between Congress and the Executive to prevent unilateral executive action that is contrary to the wishes of Congress .
Axis powers
The Axis powers ' primary goal was territorial expansion at the expense of their neighbors . In ideological terms , the Axis described their goals as breaking the hegemony of the plutocratic Western powers and defending civilization from communism . The Axis championed a number of variants on fascism , militarism , and autarky .
Constitution of the United Kingdom
The monarch formerly enjoyed the power to dissolve Parliament ( normally on the request of the prime minister ) . However , this power was explicitly removed from the monarch by the Fixed - term Parliaments Act 2011 . The last monarch to dismiss a prime minister who had not suffered a defeat on a motion of confidence in the House of Commons , or to appoint a prime minister who clearly did not enjoy a majority in that House , was William IV who in 1834 dismissed the Government of Lord Melbourne , replacing him with Robert Peel ( the Duke of Wellington briefly heading a caretaker ministry as Peel was on holiday in Italy at the time ) . Peel resigned after failing to win the 1835 General Election -- prior to the 1832 Reform Act , which abolished many rotten and pocket boroughs , it would have been very unusual for a government with Royal backing to be defeated in this way .
Federal Reserve Act
Preceding the creation of the Federal Reserve , no U.S. central banking systems lasted for more than 25 years . Some of the questions raised include : whether Congress has the Constitutional power to delegate its power to coin money or issue paper money ( an obvious reference to Article 1 , Sec. 8 , Clause 5 , which states : `` The Congress shall have power To coin Money , regulate the Value thereof , and of foreign Coin , and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures '' ) , whether the structure of the federal reserve is transparent enough , whether the Federal Reserve is a public Cartel of private banks ( also called a private banking cartel ) established to protect powerful financial interests , fears of inflation , high government deficits , and whether the Federal Reserve 's actions increased the severity of the Great Depression in the 1930s ( and / or the severity or frequency of other boom - bust economic cycles , such as the late 2000s recession ) . However , the debate over the right to coin money was minimal due to the fact the US government had already done this in the past .
United States Congress
The Senate has an important check on the executive power by confirming Cabinet officials , judges , and other high officers `` by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate . '' It confirms most presidential nominees but rejections are not uncommon . Furthermore , treaties negotiated by the President must be ratified by a two - thirds majority vote in the Senate to take effect . As a result , presidential arm - twisting of senators can happen before a key vote ; for example , President Obama 's secretary of state , Hillary Clinton , urged her former senate colleagues to approve a nuclear arms treaty with Russia in 2010 . The House of Representatives has no formal role in either the ratification of treaties or the appointment of federal officials , other than in filling a vacancy in the office of the vice president ; in such a case , a majority vote in each House is required to confirm a president 's nomination of a vice president .
Sensitivity and specificity
In the traditional language of statistical hypothesis testing , the sensitivity of a test is called the statistical power of the test , although the word power in that context has a more general usage that is not applicable in the present context . A sensitive test will have fewer Type II errors .
Gospel of Mark
A third important title , `` Son of Man '' , has its roots in Ezekiel , the Book of Enoch , ( a popular Jewish apocalyptic work of the period ) , and especially in Daniel 7 : 13 -- 14 , where the Son of Man is assigned royal roles of dominion , kingship and glory . Mark 14 : 62 combines more scriptural allusions : before he comes on clouds ( Daniel 7 : 13 ) the Son of Man will be seated on the right hand of God ( psalm 110 : 1 ) , pointing to the equivalence of the three titles , Christ , Son of God , Son of Man , the common element being the reference to kingly power .
Rick Grimes
Before the zombie apocalypse , Rick was a police officer in the small town of Cynthiana , Kentucky . While in a shootout against an escaped convict with his partner and best friend , Shane Walsh , Rick is wounded and subsequently awakens from a coma some time later . After Duane Jones mistakes Rick for a zombie and hits him over the head with a shovel , Duane 's father Morgan takes Rick in and informs him about what unfolded during his coma . In search of his wife , Lori , and son , Carl , Rick heads to Atlanta , where it is said people were taken for protection . Rick runs out of gas and stops at a farm . Rick finds the owners inside who have committed suicide . Rick throws up outside and searches their barn where he finds a horse . Upon arrival , Rick is rescued from a large group of zombies by a fellow survivor named Glenn , who takes him to a camp where Rick is reunited with his wife Lori and son Carl , as well as Shane . Tension between Rick and Shane over leadership of the group and Lori 's affections boils over in a confrontation which ends with Carl shooting Shane to protect his father . Afterwards , Rick leads the group away from Atlanta , trying to find shelter and safe haven from the undead . Rick 's early settlement plan proves to be disastrous , as the abandoned planned community he thought to be safe is ultimately found to be zombie infested , resulting in a death of one of their own . Lori Grimes , Rick 's wife , shamefully admits to Rick that she is pregnant ( presumably with Shane 's baby ) , but Rick plans to care for it . Carl Grimes , Rick 's son , is accidentally shot in the back by a man named Otis , who escorts Rick and another survivor , Tyreese , a recently joined member of Rick 's group to the farm of Hershel Greene and his family . The group stays there for a brief amount of time before Rick is held at gunpoint by Hershel and forced to move out . While on the road again , two other members of the survivors discover a prison , where everyone seeks refuge and settles down . Prison
The Six Million Dollar Man
Peter Pan Records and its sister company Power Records published several record albums featuring original dramatized stories ( including an adaptation of the pilot film ) , several of which were also adapted as comic books designed to be read along with the recording . Three albums ' worth of stories were released , one of which featured Christmas - themed stories . Individual stories were also released in other formats , including 7 in ( 18 cm ) singles .
Ship
Middle Age Swahili Kingdoms are known to have had trade port bullship and trade routes with the Islamic world and Asia and were described by Greek historians as `` metropolises '' . Famous African trade ports such as Mombasa , Zanzibar , and Kilwa were known to Chinese sailors such as Zheng He and medieval Islamic historians such as the Berber Islamic voyager Abu Abdullah ibn Battua . In the 14th century AD , King Abubakari I , the brother of King Mansa Musa of the Mali Empire , is thought to have had a great armada of ships sitting on the coast of West Africa . This is corroborated by ibn Battuta himself who recalls several hundred Malian ships off the coast . This has led to great speculation , with historical evidence , that it is possible that Malian sailors may have reached the coast of Pre-Columbian America under the rule of Abubakari II , nearly two hundred years before Christopher Columbus and that black traders may have been in the Americas before Columbus . Fifty years before Christopher Columbus , Chinese navigator Zheng He traveled the world at the head of what was for the time a huge armada . The largest of his ships had nine masts , were 130 metres ( 430 ft ) long and had a beam of 55 metres ( 180 ft ) . His fleet carried 30,000 men aboard 70 vessels , with the goal of bringing glory to the Chinese emperor .
War Powers Resolution
The War Powers Resolution requires the President to notify Congress within 48 hours of committing armed forces to military action and forbids armed forces from remaining for more than 60 days , with a further 30 - day withdrawal period , without a Congressional authorization for use of military force ( AUMF ) or a declaration of war by the United States . The resolution was passed by two - thirds of Congress , overriding the veto of the bill from President Nixon .
Axis powers
The `` Axis powers '' formally took the name after the Tripartite Pact was signed by Germany , Italy , and Japan on 27 September 1940 , in Berlin . The pact was subsequently joined by Hungary ( 20 November 1940 ) , Romania ( 23 November 1940 ) , Slovakia ( 24 November 1940 ) , and Bulgaria ( 1 March 1941 ) .
Cole Turner
In `` Power Outage '' , Cole 's superiors , the demonic Triad , learn that he may have developed genuine romantic feelings for Phoebe ; Cole responds by killing them , forcing him into hiding . Meanwhile , the sisters acquire a target in the red - and - black - skinned demon Belthazor ( Michael Bailey Smith ) . In `` Sleuthing with the Enemy '' , the Charmed Ones discovers Cole and Belthazor are one and the same , but when Cole convinces Phoebe that he , being half human , truly loves her , she fakes his death so that her sisters Piper ( Holly Marie Combs ) and Prue will not hunt for him .
War Powers Resolution
On Friday , June 3 , 2011 , the US House of Representatives voted to rebuke President Obama for maintaining an American presence in the NATO operations in Libya , which they considered a violation of the War Powers Resolution . In The New York Times , an opinion piece by Yale Law Professor Bruce Ackerman stated that Obama 's position `` lacks a solid legal foundation . And by adopting it , the White House has shattered the traditional legal process the executive branch has developed to sustain the rule of law over the past 75 years . ''