vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Civil Rights Act of 1991
Patterson v. McLean Credit Union , 491 U.S. 164 ( 1988 ) , which held that an employee could not sue for damages caused by racial harassment on the job because even if the employer 's conduct were discriminatory , the employer had not denied the employee the `` same right ... to make and enforce contracts ... as is enjoyed by white citizens , '' the language that Congress chose in passing the law in 1866 . Wards Cove Packing Co. v. Atonio , 490 U.S. 642 ( 1989 ) , which made it more difficult for employees of Wards Cove Packing Company to prove that an employer 's personnel practices , neutral on their face , had an unlawful disparate impact on them by requiring that they identify the particular policy or requirement that allegedly produced inequalities in the workplace and show that it , in isolation , had that effect . Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins , 490 U.S. 228 ( 1989 ) , which held that the burden of proof shifted , once an employee had proved that an unlawful consideration had played a part in the employer 's personnel decision , to the employer to prove that it would have made the same decision if it had not been motivated by that unlawful factor , but such proof by the employer would constitute a complete defense for the employer . Martin v. Wilks , 490 U.S. 755 ( 1989 ) , which permitted white firefighters who had not been party to the litigation , establishing a consent decree governing hiring and promotion of black firefighters in the Birmingham , Alabama , Fire Department , to bring suit to challenge the decree .
Right of self-defense in Maryland
The General Assembly enacted the statute nine years after an incident that occurred on the night of March 19 , 2001 , in which one or both of the co-owners of a cement company in Glyndon , Maryland opened fire on three intruders on the company 's premises , killing one of them and wounding the other two . The company 's premises had also been burglarized the two previous nights , and the two co-owners ( who were brothers ) were staying overnight at the business to guard it . In February 2004 , the estate and young son of the deceased intruder sued the two brothers and their company for damages . According to online records of the Maryland court system , the plaintiffs dropped the lawsuit on January 28 , 2005 . It is not stated in the online records whether or not the case was settled .
Incorporation of the Bill of Rights
This right has been incorporated against the states . Described as a fundamental and individual right that will necessarily be subject to strict scrutiny by the courts , see McDonald v. City of Chicago ( 2010 ) . Self Defense is described as `` the central component '' of the Second Amendment in McDonald , supra. , and upheld District of Columbia v. Heller 554 U.S ( 2008 ) concluding the Fourteenth Amendment incorporates the Second Amendment right , recognized in Heller , to keep and bear arms for the purpose of self - defense . The 14th Amendment makes the 2nd Amendment right to keep and bear arms fully applicable to the States , see , McDonald vs. City of Chicago ( 2010 ) . `` The right to keep and bear arms must be regarded as a substantive guarantee , not a prohibition that could be ignored as long as the States legislated in an evenhanded manner , '' McDonald , supra ...
Chinese marriage
In Mandarin Chinese , a mang nian `` 盲 年 `` , or ' blind year ' , when there are no first days of spring , such as in year 2010 , a Year of the Tiger , is considered an ominous time to marry or start a business . In the preceding year , there were two first days of spring .
Corazon Aquino
Initially , she named Ramon V. Mitra , a friend of her husband Ninoy and then Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives , as her candidate for the presidential race in 1992 . However , she later on backtracked and instead threw her support behind the candidacy of her defense secretary and EDSA Revolution hero , General Fidel V. Ramos , who constantly stood by and defended her government from the various coup attempts and rebellions that were launched against her . Her sudden change of mind and withdrawal of support from Mitra drew criticism not only from her supporters in the liberal and social democratic sectors but also from the Roman Catholic Church , which questioned her anointing of Ramos since the latter was a Protestant . Nevertheless , Aquino 's candidate eventually won the 1992 elections , albeit with only 23.58 % of the total votes in a wide - open campaign , and was sworn in as the 12th President of the Philippines on June 30 , 1992 .
Send In the Clowns
A few months before the play begins , Fredrik married a beautiful woman who at 18 years old was much younger than he . In Act One , Fredrik meets Desirée again , and is introduced to her daughter , a precocious adolescent suggestively named Fredrika . Fredrik explains to Desirée that he is now married to the young woman , whom he loves , but who is still a virgin and refuses to have sex with him . Desirée and Fredrik then make love .
Gun laws in Canada
In 1995 , the Criminal Code was amended to include Bill C - 68 , the Firearms Act . It implemented a new central licensing system to replace the FAC system . It also required registration of all firearms and firearm licence holders ; banned short - barrelled and small - calibre handguns ( `` grandfathering '' in previous owners ) ; and required a licence to buy ammunition . Most of the bill 's provisions came into force in 1998 , and the registration of long guns became mandatory in 2003 .
Copyright
Later acts amended US Copyright law so that for certain purposes making 10 copies or more is construed to be commercial , but there is no general rule permitting such copying . Indeed , making one complete copy of a work , or in many cases using a portion of it , for commercial purposes will not be considered fair use . The Digital Millennium Copyright Act prohibits the manufacture , importation , or distribution of devices whose intended use , or only significant commercial use , is to bypass an access or copy control put in place by a copyright owner . An appellate court has held that fair use is not a defense to engaging in such distribution .
United States embargo against Cuba
The embargo was reinforced in October 1992 by the Cuban Democracy Act ( the `` Torricelli Law '' ) and in 1996 by the Cuban Liberty and Democracy Solidarity Act ( known as the Helms -- Burton Act ) which penalizes foreign companies that do business in Cuba by preventing them from doing business in the U.S. Justification provided for these restrictions was that these companies were trafficking in stolen U.S. properties , and should , thus , be excluded from the United States . However , Obama has tried to lift the embargo , but congress will not allow it .
The Way of the World
Act 2 is set in St. James ' Park . Mrs. Fainall and Mrs. Marwood are discussing their hatred of men . Fainall appears and accuses Mrs. Marwood ( with whom he is having an affair ) of loving Mirabell ( which she does ) . Meanwhile , Mrs. Fainall ( Mirabell 's former lover ) tells Mirabell that she hates her husband , and they begin to plot to deceive Lady Wishfort into giving her consent to the marriage . Millamant appears in the park and , angry about the previous night ( when Mirabell was confronted by Lady Wishfort ) , she tells Mirabell of her displeasure in his plan , which she only has a vague idea about . After she leaves , the newly wed servants appear and Mirabell reminds them of their roles in the plan .
Grand juries in the United States
The Jencks Act , 18 U.S.C. § 3500 , requires the government to disclose to the defense any statements made by the accused to the grand jury , and , with respect to non-party witnesses , that after a witness has testified on direct examination at trial , any statement made to the grand jury by such witness be disclosed to the defense .
Jim E. Mora
After two 7 -- 9 seasons in 1994 and 1995 , Mora appeared increasingly frustrated with his team 's situation in New Orleans . The Saints ' defense went into a steep decline , negating the passing heroics of quarterback Jim Everett , acquired from the division rival Los Angeles Rams in 1994 for a seventh - round draft choice . Everett came to the Saints shortly before his infamous incident with Jim Rome on ESPN2 when Rome insulted the quarterback by calling him Chris Evert , a reference to Jim Everett 's lack of toughness .
Pride and Prejudice (1995 TV series)
Episode 6 -- Part Six : After Lydia carelessly mentions Darcy 's involvement in her wedding , Mrs Gardiner enlightens Elizabeth how Darcy found the errant couple and paid for all the expenses . When Bingley and Darcy return to Netherfield in the autumn , Darcy apologises to Bingley for intervening in his relationship with Jane and gives his blessing for the couple to wed . Lady Catherine de Bourgh , who has heard rumours of an engagement between Darcy and Elizabeth but wants him to marry her sickly daughter Anne , pays Elizabeth an unannounced visit . She insists that Elizabeth renounce Darcy , but Elizabeth does not rule out a future engagement . When Elizabeth thanks Darcy for his role in Lydia 's marriage , Lady Catherine 's story encourages Darcy to reconfirm his feelings for Elizabeth . Elizabeth admits the complete transformation of her feelings and agrees to an engagement , which takes her family by surprise . The series ends with a double wedding in the winter months : Jane with Bingley , and Elizabeth to Fitzwilliam Darcy .
Wheel of Fortune (U.S. game show)
Sajak and White have starred on the syndicated version continuously as host and hostess , respectively , since it began , except for very limited occasions . During two weeks in January 1991 , Tricia Gist , the girlfriend and future wife of Griffin 's son Tony , filled in for White when she and her new husband , restaurateur George San Pietro , were honeymooning . Gist returned for the week of episodes airing March 11 through 15 , 1991 , because White had a cold at the time of taping . On an episode in November 1996 , when Sajak proved unable to host the bonus round segment because of laryngitis , he and White traded places for that segment . On the March 4 , 1997 episode , Rosie O'Donnell co-hosted the third round with White after O'Donnell's name was used in a puzzle .
Steve Trevor
Bringing the unconscious Trevor to the island , Diana recognized his American flag insignia on his uniform mirrored her own armor 's color motif and took this as a sign of where she had to go to begin her fight against Ares . Thus inspired , Diana took Trevor to ' Man 's World ' in the city of Boston and began her calling . Since then , Trevor and Diana have been close friends despite him being old enough to be her father . This version of Steve Trevor went on to marry Etta Candy and became the Deputy Secretary of Defense for the U.S. government .
Philadelphia Eagles
After All Pro defensive tackle Jerome Brown was killed in an automobile accident , the team and fanbase became dedicated to `` bring it home for Jerome '' in the 1992 season . Kotite did lead the Eagles to a playoff victory against the New Orleans Saints during the 1992 season , but they lost all - time sacks leader Reggie White to free agency in the offseason . Kotie 's contract was not renewed after a disappointing 1994 season in which the Eagles went 7 -- 9 , losing their last seven games after starting the season 7 -- 2 . From 1988 to 1996 , the Eagles qualified for the playoffs during six out of those nine seasons , but they won the NFC East only once , in 1988 . Among the team 's offensive stars during that period were quarterback Randall Cunningham , tight end Keith Jackson , and running back Herschel Walker . But the `` Gang Green '' defense is possibly what defined the team , led by Reggie White , Jerome Brown , Clyde Simmons , Seth Joyner , Wes Hopkins , Mike Golic , Byron Evans , Eric Allen , Andre Waters and Mark McMillian .
Olivia Benson
In the season 13 episode `` Child 's Welfare '' , Simon reveals to Benson that she has a niece and a step - nephew named Olivia and Ty , and that he is planning to marry a woman named Tracy . When the children are taken by the City because of Simon 's criminal background , Benson calls Defense Attorney Bayard Ellis ( Andre Braugher ) , with whom she has become good friends , to help Simon and Tracy get the children back . When a judge denies the Marsdens their children back , Simon kidnaps them . Ellis makes a deal to have Simon serve a 60 - day sentence , knocking his charge down from kidnapping to a misdemeanor , custodial interference . One of the conditions of the reduced charges is that he must give up his custody petition and agree to visit his daughter only in a supervised setting for the next three years . Simon is reluctant , but Benson tells him that the deal is better than his daughter visiting him in jail .
Katherine LaNasa
On May 19 , 1998 , she married comedic actor French Stewart . They met when she made a guest appearance on a 1996 episode ( `` Green - Eyed Dick '' ) of 3rd Rock from the Sun . The two later divorced . In July 2012 , LaNasa became engaged to actor Grant Show , marrying him a few weeks later , on August 18 . She gave birth to the couple 's first child , daughter Eloise McCue , on March 21 , 2014 .
Chinese marriage
Even though Muslim women are forbidden to marry non-Muslims in Islamic law , from 1880 - 1949 it was frequently violated in Xinjiang since Chinese men married Muslim Turki ( Uyghur ) women , a reason suggested by foreigners that it was due to the women being poor , while the Turki women who married Chinese were labelled as whores by the Turki community , these marriages were illegitimate according to Islamic law but the women obtained benefits from marrying Chinese men since the Chinese defended them from Islamic authorities so the women were not subjected to the tax on prostitution and were able to save their income for themselves . Chinese men gave their Turki wives privileges which Turki men 's wives did not have , since the wives of Chinese did not have to wear a veil and a Chinese man in Kashgar once beat a mullah who tried to force his Turki Kashgari wife to veil . The Turki women also benefited in that they were not subjected to any legal binding to their Chinese husbands so they could make their Chinese husbands provide them with as much their money as she wanted for her relatives and herself since otherwise the women could just leave , and the property of Chinese men was left to their Turki wives after they died . Turki women considered Turki men to be inferior husbands to Chinese and Hindus . Because they were viewed as `` impure '' , Islamic cemeteries banned the Turki wives of Chinese men from being buried within them , the Turki women got around this problem by giving shrines donations and buying a grave in other towns . Besides Chinese men , other men such as Hindus , Armenians , Jews , Russians , and Badakhshanis intermarried with local Turki women . The local society accepted the Turki women and Chinese men 's mixed offspring as their own people despite the marriages being in violation of Islamic law . Turki women also conducted temporary marriages with Chinese men such as Chinese soldiers temporarily stationed around them as soldiers for tours of duty , after which the Chinese men returned to their own cities , with the Chinese men selling their mixed daughters with the Turki women to his comrades , taking their sons with them if they could afford it but leaving them if they could n't , and selling their temporary Turki wife to a comrade or leaving her behind .
Kobe Bryant
They married on April 18 , 2001 , at St. Edward the Confessor Catholic Church in Dana Point , California . The wedding was not attended by Bryant 's parents , his two sisters , his longtime advisor and agent Arn Tellem , or his Laker teammates . Bryant 's parents were opposed to the marriage for a number of reasons . Reportedly Bryant 's parents had problems with him marrying so young , especially to a woman who was not African - American . This disagreement resulted in an estrangement period of over two years , which ended when the couple 's first daughter was born .
Right of self-defense in Maryland
The Court of Appeals said in the case that , even if the plaintiff had struck the defendant 's employees first , the plaintiff would still be entitled to prevail in an action for battery if the defendant 's employees , in repelling the plaintiff 's acts , `` used unreasonable and excessive force , meaning such force as prudent men would not have used under all the circumstances of the case . '' Id. , 179 Md. at 600 , 20 A. 2d at 487 .
Gun laws in Canada
The issue of the legality of self - defence with a firearm in Canada has been the subject of controversy . While self - defence is legal , it is very restricted . The Criminal Code recognizes self - defence with a firearm . The Firearms Act provides a legal framework wherein an individual may acquire , possess and carry a restricted or ( a specific class of ) prohibited firearm for protection from other individuals when police protection is deemed insufficient . This situation is extremely rare : the ( publicly available version of the ) RCMP authorization to carry application refers only to protection of life during employment that involves handling of valuable goods or dangerous wildlife .
Cousin marriage
Early Medieval Europe continued the late Roman ban on cousin marriage ; under the law of the Catholic Church , couples were forbidden to marry if they were within four degrees of consanguinity . In the ninth century , the church raised the number of prohibited degrees to seven and changed the method by which they were calculated . Eventually , the nobility became too interrelated to marry easily as the local pool of unrelated prospective spouses became smaller ; increasingly , large payments to the church were required for exemptions ( `` dispensations '' ) , or retrospective legitimizations of children , in what amounted to a ' protection racket ' by the church . In 1215 , the Fourth Lateran Council reduced the number of prohibited degrees of consanguinity from seven to four . The method of calculating prohibited degrees was changed also . Instead of the former practice of counting up to the common ancestor then down to the proposed spouse , the new law computed consanguinity by counting back to the common ancestor . In the Roman Catholic Church , unknowingly marrying a closely consanguineous blood relative was grounds for a declaration of nullity , but during the 11th and 12th centuries , dispensations were granted with increasing frequency due to the thousands of persons encompassed in the prohibition at seven degrees and the hardships this posed for finding potential spouses . After 1215 , the general rule was that while fourth cousins could marry without dispensation , the need for dispensations was reduced .
Mr. Big (Sex and the City)
Four years later , Carrie and Big decide to marry , after Carrie brings it up when she starts to feel anxious about her relationship 's status . She has just returned from an auction of jewelry from the collection of a woman ( who was the long - time girlfriend of a wealthy man ) who was abruptly dumped and thrown out of the apartment she 'd shared with him for many years . The cautionary tale worries Carrie , so Big proposes in order for Carrie to have legal rights to the fabulous penthouse they are purchasing together . However , their plans for a simple wedding balloon out of control after Vogue decides to feature her in a wedding gown in the magazine . The twice - divorced Big feels it has degenerated into a `` circus '' , with hundreds of guests , unwanted publicity , and a tremendous designer wedding gown taking over the original plan for a small , private ceremony . An ill - thought comment from the just - separated and upset Miranda rattles him further . Just before the ceremony Big gives in to cold feet and bails , but rethinks the decision minutes later and rushes back . He intercepts Carrie as she is leaving the ceremony . A broken - hearted and humiliated Carrie attacks him with her bouquet , shrieking `` I knew you would do this ! '' He repeatedly attempts to apologize and explain then and after , but Carrie ignores his letters and emails , and they spend months apart ( close to a year ) with no contact whatsoever .
Fair Debt Collection Practices Act
The FTC has authority to issue formal opinions regarding debt collectors ' conduct under the FDCPA , but the Dodd - Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act transfers authority for rule making to the new Consumer Financial Protection Bureau ( CFPB ) effective between January 21 , 2011 and July 21 , 2011 . The FTC will retain FDCPA enforcement authority , but the CFPB will take over the FTC 's advisory opinion function . Good faith conformity with a formal opinion of the FTC constitutes a second statutory defense under the FDCPA . The FTC has only rarely exercised its authority to issue advisory opinions , however . Prior to 2000 , the FTC had not issued any advisory opinions regarding the FDCPA , it has issued only four such opinions through 2009 .
Wreck of the RMS Titanic
The 2000 expedition by RMS Titanic Inc. carried out 28 dives during which over 800 artefacts were recovered , including the ship 's engine telegraphs , perfume vials and watertight door gears . In 2001 , an American couple -- David Leibowitz and Kimberly Miller -- caused controversy when they were married aboard a submersible that had set down on the bow of Titanic , in a deliberate echo of a famous scene from James Cameron 's 1997 film . The wedding was essentially a publicity stunt , sponsored by a British company called SubSea Explorer which had offered a free dive to Titanic that Leibowitz had won . He asked whether his fiancée could come too and was told that she could -- but only if she agreed to get married during the trip . The same company also brought along Philip Littlejohn , the grandson of one of Titanic 's surviving crew members , who became the first relative of a Titanic passenger or crew member to visit the wreck . Cameron himself also returned to Titanic in 2001 to carry out filming for Walt Disney Pictures ' Ghosts of the Abyss , filmed in 3D .
Right of self-defense in Maryland
( 1 ) The person reasonably believes that force or deadly force is necessary to repel an attack by the individual ; and
Chinese marriage
Some juries in China consider married people who leave home to live with their lovers to have committed bigamy .
Chinese marriage
In more ancient writings for the word 婚姻 , the former has the radical 昏 ( pinyin : hūn , literally `` dusk , nightfall , twilight , dark '' ) beside the radical 女 ( pinyin : nǚ , literally `` a female '' ) . This implies that the wedding ceremony is performed in the evening , which is deemed as a time of fortune . Similarly , 姻 ( pinyin : yīn ) has the same pronunciation as 因 ( pinyin : yīn ) . According to Zhang Yi 's ( 張 揖 ) Guangya Shigu ( 廣 雅 釋 詁 ) , a dictionary of ancient Chinese characters , 因 ( pinyin : yīn ) means `` friendliness '' , `` love '' and `` harmony '' , indicating the correct way of living for a married couple .