vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
History of India
The famous emperor Akbar the Great , who was the grandson of Babar , tried to establish a good relationship with the Hindus . Akbar declared `` Amari '' or non-killing of animals in the holy days of Jainism . He rolled back the jizya tax for non-Muslims . The Mughal emperors married local royalty , allied themselves with local maharajas , and attempted to fuse their Turko - Persian culture with ancient Indian styles , creating a unique Indo - Persian culture and Indo - Saracenic architecture . Akbar married a Rajput princess , Mariam - uz - Zamani , and they had a son , Jahangir , who was part - Mughal and part - Rajput , as were future Mughal emperors . Jahangir more or less followed his father 's policy . The Mughal dynasty ruled most of the Indian subcontinent by 1600 . The reign of Shah Jahan was the golden age of Mughal architecture . He erected several large monuments , the most famous of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra , as well as the Moti Masjid , Agra , the Red Fort , the Jama Masjid , Delhi , and the Lahore Fort .
Qazi Muhammad Essa
Qazi Muhammad Essa Qazi Muhammad Essa 1913 Pishin , Balochistan , Pakistan 19 June 1976 at age 62 Known for one of the Leaders of the Pakistan Movement Lifelong member of Muslim League Children Qazi Faez Isa ( son )
Samurai
Jan Joosten van Lodensteijn ( c. 1556 -- c. 1623 ) , a Dutch colleague of Adams ' on their ill - fated voyage to Japan in the ship De Liefde , was also given similar privileges by Tokugawa Ieyasu . Joosten likewise became a hatamoto samurai and was given a residence within Ieyasu 's castle at Edo . Today , this area at the east exit of Tokyo Station is known as Yaesu ( 八重洲 ) . Yaesu is a corruption of the Dutchman 's Japanese name , Yayousu ( 耶 楊子 ) . Also in common with Adams , Joostens was given a Red Seal Ship ( 朱印船 ) allowing him to trade between Japan and Indo - China . On a return journey from Batavia Joosten drowned after his ship ran aground .
List of Death Note characters
Tsukuru Mishima ( 三島 創 , Mishima Tsukuru ) is recruited by Soichiro Yagami to serve as the leader of the Death Note task force that is created in response to the killings made by a surge of new Death Note users . In 2015 , Mishima kills Mikami in order to claim the notebook Light entrusted to his son , Hikari . From then on , Mishima acts as the new Kira , intending to surpass Light and establish world peace . In order to hide his identity , he passes the notebook onto cyber-terrorist Yuki Shien and loses his memories of being Kira . When Mishima meets Shien in 2016 , he touches the notebook he gave to Shien and regains his memories . After being imprisoned for his crimes , Mishima is freed from confinement by a dying Ryuzaki , who appoints a remorseful Mishima as his successor . He is portrayed by Masahiro Higashide . Ryuzaki
John C. Calhoun
John Quincy Adams concluded in 1821 that `` Calhoun is a man of fair and candid mind , of honorable principles , of clear and quick understanding , of cool self - possession , of enlarged philosophical views , and of ardent patriotism . He is above all sectional and factious prejudices more than any other statesman of this Union with whom I have ever acted . '' Historian Charles Wiltse noted Calhoun 's evolution , `` Though he is known today primarily for his sectionalism , Calhoun was the last of the great political leaders of his time to take a sectional position -- later than Daniel Webster , later than Henry Clay , later than Adams himself . ''
Latin America
Colombian sculptor and painter Fernando Botero is also widely known by his works which , on first examination , are noted for their exaggerated proportions and the corpulence of the human and animal figures .
Silk Road
Central Eurasia has been known from ancient times for its horse riding and horse breeding communities , and the overland Steppe Route across the northern steppes of Central Eurasia was in use long before that of the Silk Road . Archeological sites such as the Berel burial ground in Kazakhstan , confirmed that the nomadic Arimaspians were not only breeding horses for trade but also great craftsmen able to propagate exquisite art pieces along the Silk Road . From the 2nd millennium BCE , nephrite jade was being traded from mines in the region of Yarkand and Khotan to China . Significantly , these mines were not very far from the lapis lazuli and spinel ( `` Balas Ruby '' ) mines in Badakhshan , and , although separated by the formidable Pamir Mountains , routes across them were apparently in use from very early times . Chinese
Seeley Booth
A skilled marksman , Booth is well - known within the Bureau as a `` legendary shot '' . While in the Army he achieved the `` Expert '' Marksmanship Badge and is still proficient with a sniper rifle . It is indirectly stated in `` Fire in the Ice '' that he is equally capable of using his weapon with his `` wrong hand '' ( his left hand ) . In the episode `` Proof in the Pudding '' , he demonstrates the double tap technique with a replica World War II - era Carcano for one of Hodgins ' experiments . He is also a skilled knife thrower and is familiar with various types of explosives and weapons .
History of the United Kingdom
In foreign policy he is best known for battling and besting Russia . Disraeli 's second term was dominated by the Eastern Question -- the slow decay of the Ottoman Empire and the desire of Russia , to gain at its expense . Disraeli arranged for the British to purchase a major interest in the Suez Canal Company ( in Ottoman - controlled Egypt ) . In 1878 , faced with Russian victories against the Ottomans , he worked at the Congress of Berlin to maintain peace in the Balkans and made terms favourable to Britain which weakened Russia , its longstanding enemy .
Puerto Rican cuisine
Edgardo Noel -- Famous television chef , known for `` Cocina al Dia '' and `` Cocinando y Cantando '' Dora Romano -- author of `` Cocine Conmigo '' written in 1970 Carmen Valldejuli -- author of Cocina Criolla / Puerto Rican Cookery written in 1954 Berta Canabillas -- author of Puerto Rican Dishes written in 1993 Daisy Martinez -- author of Daisy Cooks : Latin Flavors That Will Rock Your World written in 2005 and Daisy : Morning , Noon and Night written in * of Daisy Cooks ! on PBS and ¡ Viva Daisy ! on the food network Oswald Rivera -- author of Puerto Rican Cuisine in America : Nuyorican and Bodega Recipes written in 2002 Yvonne Ortiz -- author of A Taste of Puerto Rico : Traditional and New Dishes from the Puerto Rican Community written in 1997 Maria Perez -- author of Tropical Cooking Made Easy written in 2007 Elizabeth B.K. Dooley -- author of Puerto Rican Cook Book written in 1948 Wilo Benet -- author of Puerto Rico True Flavors written in 2007 . Competed on Top Chef Masters Giovanna Huyke -- Famous television chef Luis Antonio Cosme -- Famous Puerto Rican actor and television chef
Hellenistic period
Bolos of Mendes made developments in alchemy and Theophrastus was known for his work in plant classification . Krateuas wrote a compendium on botanic pharmacy . The library of Alexandria included a zoo for research and Hellenistic zoologists include Archelaos , Leonidas of Byzantion , Apollodoros of Alexandria and Bion of Soloi .
Qing dynasty
The early Qing military was rooted in the Eight Banners first developed by Nurhaci to organize Jurchen society beyond petty clan affiliations . There were eight banners in all , differentiated by color . The yellow , bordered yellow , and white banners were known as the `` Upper Three Banners '' and were under the direct command of the emperor . Only Manchus belonging to the Upper Three Banners , and selected Han Chinese who had passed the highest level of martial exams could serve as the emperor 's personal bodyguards . The remaining Banners were known as the `` Lower Five Banners '' . They were commanded by hereditary Manchu princes descended from Nurhachi 's immediate family , known informally as the `` Iron cap princes '' . Together they formed the ruling council of the Manchu nation as well as high command of the army . Nurhachi 's son Hong Taiji expanded the system to include mirrored Mongol and Han Banners . After capturing Beijing in 1644 , the relatively small Banner armies were further augmented by the Green Standard Army , made up of those Ming troops who had surrendered to the Qing , which eventually outnumbered Banner troops three to one . They maintained their Ming era organization and were led by a mix of Banner and Green Standard officers . A
Frederica Wilson
Wilson is known for her large and colorful hats , of which she owns several hundred . She has gone through efforts to get Congress to lift its ban on head coverings during House sessions , which dates back to 1837 .
Vermont
Pearl S. Buck , author Evans Carlson , United States Marine Corps general officer and leader of `` Carlson 's Raiders '' during World War II Jake Burton Carpenter , inventor of the modern snowboard John Deere , inventor of steel plow , founder of agricultural equipment manufacturer Deere & Company George Dewey , Admiral of the Navy , best known for his victory at the Battle of Manila Bay during the Spanish -- American War John Dewey , philosopher , psychologist , and educator Stephen Douglas , represented Illinois in the House of Representatives , the United States Senate , and was the Democratic Party nominee for president in the 1860 election Carlton Fisk , Baseball Hall of Fame catcher James Fisk , financier Richard Morris Hunt , architect Rudyard Kipling , author Bill McKibben , environmentalist Samuel Morey , steam - powered paddle wheel boat inventor Norman Rockwell , painter , author , and illustrator Bernie Sanders , United States senator and representative from Vermont , and 2016 presidential candidate Joseph Smith , founder of the Latter Day Saint movement Alexander Solzhenitsyn , Russian author and Soviet dissident Rudy Vallée , singer and actor Brigham Young , second prophet and president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - day Saints
Music of the Netherlands
Ton de Leeuw ( born Rotterdam , 16 November 1926 - died Paris , 31 May 1996 ) is known for his experiments with microtonality . He wrote one opera , Antigone ( 1990 -- 1991 ) .
Joseph McCarthy
Joseph Raymond McCarthy ( November 14 , 1908 -- May 2 , 1957 ) was an American politician who served as U.S. Senator from the state of Wisconsin from 1947 until his death in 1957 . Beginning in 1950 , McCarthy became the most visible public face of a period in the United States in which Cold War tensions fueled fears of widespread Communist subversion . He is known for alleging that numerous Communists and Soviet spies and sympathizers had infiltrated the United States federal government , universities , film industry , and elsewhere . Ultimately , the smear tactics he used led him to be censured by the U.S. Senate . The term `` McCarthyism '' , coined in 1950 in reference to McCarthy 's practices , was soon applied to similar anti-communist activities . Today , the term is used in reference to what are considered demagogic , reckless , and unsubstantiated accusations , as well as public attacks on the character or patriotism of political opponents .
History of chemistry
New Zealand - born chemist and physicist Ernest Rutherford is considered to be `` the father of nuclear physics . '' Rutherford is best known for devising the names alpha , beta , and gamma to classify various forms of radioactive `` rays '' which were poorly understood at his time ( alpha and beta rays are particle beams , while gamma rays are a form of high - energy electromagnetic radiation ) . Rutherford deflected alpha rays with both electric and magnetic fields in 1903 . Working with Frederick Soddy , Rutherford explained that radioactivity is due to the transmutation of elements , now known to involve nuclear reactions . Top
List of Game of Thrones characters
After Joffrey 's death , Mace serves as one of the judges at the trial of his accused murderer , Tyrion Lannister . He is later present at Tywin Lannister 's funeral and at Tommen and Margaery 's wedding , and , in spite of offering himself as Hand of the King to Tommen , he is instead named Master of Coin by Cersei who , in the aim of keeping him away from the capital while she schemes against his daughter , sends him to renegotiate the royal debt with the Iron Bank of Braavos . He later arrives in Braavos , and is unsuccessful in his attempt to win over Tycho Nestoris , who is unimpressed with his buffoonish ways . In the sixth season , he returns to King 's Landing with the Tyrell army to free Margaery from the Faith Militant alongside Jaime Lannister , but is foiled when Tommen forges an alliance with the High Sparrow . He is later killed in the destruction of the Great Sept of Baelor after being horrified , but unable to protect his son as he was mutilated by the Faith Militant . Loras Tyrell ( season 1 -- 6 ) portrayed by Finn Jones . Finn Jones Ser Loras Tyrell , known as the `` Knight of Flowers , '' is a highly skilled knight and jouster . Known across Westeros for his beauty , he is Renly Baratheon 's former squire and secretly his lover . He is widely known throughout Westeros for defeating Jaime Lannister in a jousting match . In Season 1 , he charms Sansa Stark before his jousting match with Ser Gregor `` The Mountain '' Clegane , but even though he wins , Clegane attacks him in a blind rage and he is only saved by Clegane 's brother , Sandor , who Loras names as the champion in gratitude . In private , while shaving Renly , Loras makes it clear that he disapproves of both Joffrey and Stannis as Robert 's closest heirs , and tells Renly that he would make a great king .
Jacob Lawrence
Lawrence is among the best - known 20th - century African - American painters . He was 25 years old when he gained national recognition with his 60 - panel Migration Series , painted on cardboard . The series depicted the Great Migration of African - Americans from the rural South to the urban North . A part of this series was featured in a 1941 issue of Fortune . The collection is now held by two museums : the odd - numbered paintings are on exhibit in the Phillips Collection in Washington , D.C. , and the even - numbered are on display at MOMA in New York . Lawrence 's works are in the permanent collections of numerous museums , including the Philadelphia Museum of Art , the Museum of Modern Art , the Whitney Museum , the Phillips Collection , Metropolitan Museum of Art , the Brooklyn Museum , and Reynolda House Museum of American Art . He is widely known for his modernist illustrations of everyday life as well as epic narratives of African American history and historical figures .
History of Vietnam
The Lý dynasty had two major wars with Song China , and a few invasive campaigns against neighboring Champa in the south . The most notable battle took place on Chinese territory in 1075 . Upon learning that a Song invasion was imminent , the Lý army and navy totaling about 100,000 men under the command of Lý Thường Kiệt , and Tông Đản used amphibious operations to preemptively destroy three Song military installations at Yongzhou , Qinzhou , and Lianzhou in present - day Guangdong and Guangxi , and killed 100,000 Chinese . The Song dynasty took revenge and invaded Đại Việt in 1076 , but the Song troops were held back at the Battle of Như Nguyệt River commonly known as the Cầu river , now in Bắc Ninh province about 40 km from the current capital , Hanoi . Neither side was able to force a victory , so the Lý dynasty proposed a truce , which the Song emperor accepted . Champa and the powerful Khmer Empire took advantage of the Lý dynasty 's distraction with the Song to pillage Đại Việt 's southern provinces . Together they invaded Vietnam in 1128 and 1132 . Further invasions followed in the subsequent decades . Trần
Chinese Buddhism
An 8th - century Chinese fresco at Mogao Caves near Dunhuang in Gansu portrays Emperor Wu of Han ( r . 141 -- 87 BCE ) worshiping statues of a golden man ; `` golden men brought in 121 BCE by a great Han general in his campaigns against the nomads '' . However , neither the Shiji nor Book of Han histories of Emperor Wu mentions a golden Buddhist statue ( compare Emperor Ming above ) . The
First voyage of James Cook
The Endeavour then visited the island of Savu , staying for three days before continuing on to Batavia , the capital of the Dutch East Indies , to put in for repairs . Batavia was known for its outbreaks of malaria , and before they returned home in 1771 many in Cook 's company succumbed to the disease and other ailments such as dysentery , including the Tahitian Tupaia , Banks ' Finnish secretary and fellow scientist Herman Spöring , astronomer Charles Green , and the illustrator Sydney Parkinson . Cook named Spöring Island off the coast of New Zealand to honour Herman Spöring and his work on the voyage .
Second Sino-Japanese War
Imperial Japanese Army ( edit ) Shōwa Emperor ( 昭和 天皇 ) Hirohito ( 裕仁 ) Nobuyuki Abe ( 阿部 信行 ) Korechika Anami ( 阿南 惟幾 ) Prince Asaka Yasuhiko ( 朝香 宮 ) Prince Chichibu Yasuhito ( 秩父宮 ) Kenji Doihara ( 土肥 原 賢二 ) Prince Fushimi Hiroyasu ( 伏見 宮 博恭 王 ) Kingoro Hashimoto ( 橋本 欣五郎 ) Shunroku Hata ( 畑 俊六 ) Prince Higashikuni Naruhiko ( 東 久邇 宮 稔彦 王 ) Masaharu Honma ( 本間 雅晴 ) Shiro Ishii ( 石井 四郎 ) Rensuke Isogai ( 磯谷 廉 介 ) Seishirō Itagaki ( 板垣 征四郎 ) Prince Kan'in Kotohito ( 閑院 宮 載 仁 親王 ) Konoe Fumimaro ( Kyūjitai : 近 衞 文麿 , Shinjitai : 近衛 文麿 ) Kanji Ishiwara ( 石原 莞爾 ) Kuniaki Koiso ( 小磯 國昭 , 小磯 国昭 ) Iwane Matsui ( 松井 石根 ) Renya Mutaguchi ( 牟田 口 廉 也 ) Kesago Nakajima (
List of Death Note characters
Sidoh ( シドウ , Shidō ) is the Shinigami whose Death Note was stolen by Ryuk . By the time he realizes this , however , the note has already changed hands several times , ending up in the hands of Mello 's gang ( more specifically , Mello 's subordinate , Jack Neylon whose real name is Kal Snyder ) . After repeatedly hounding Ryuk for its return , he tracks down the gang to get it back . He discovers his notebook is in Los Angeles , California and upon arrival takes the notebook out of Mello 's hands ( making it look as if it just floated in mid-air ) and touches it to the notebook 's current owner , Kal Snyder ( a.k.a. Jack Neylon ) . After Snyder freaks out , he gets Mello and the others to touch the notebook . To regain his Note , Sidoh agrees to help Mello 's gang against Near 's SPK and the Kira investigation team . Snyder is forced to make the eye trade with Sidoh , who exposes the fake 13 - day rule . He wears heavy clothing , obscuring most of his features , and his head is wrapped in bandages . He is voiced by Kazuki Yao in the Japanese anime and Sam Vincent in the English dub .
Gupta Empire
The last known inscription by a Gupta emperor is from the reign of Vishnugupta ( the Damodarpur copper - plate inscription ) , in which he makes a land grant in the area of Kotivarsha ( Bangarh in West Bengal ) in 542 / 543 CE . This follows the occupation of most of northern and central India by the Aulikara ruler Yashodharman circa 532 CE .
List of Death Note characters
The King of Death , also known as the Shinigami King ( 死神 大王 , Shinigami Daiō ) , is the ruler of the Shinigami . An unseen character in the main series , the Shinigami King governs the Shinigami and controls distribution of the Death Notes . It is not made clear if he creates them or just has a certain supply , as he is unwilling to replace lost ones . He appears to at least write the rules for the Death Notes , but whether or not he enforces them himself is unclear . The Shinigami King is regarded as a sort of father figure by lesser Shinigami , and is said to be almost immortal . Chapter 109 depicts the King as a large mass suspended in the air with chains . He has a skull for a head , which is surrounded by a larger , skull - like formation . He has four tentacle - like arms , each with only three fingers on the hands , which hang from his body .
Jacob Lawrence
Jacob Lawrence ( September 7 , 1917 -- June 9 , 2000 ) was an African - American painter known for his portrayal of African - American life . As well as a painter , storyteller , and interpreter , he was an educator . Lawrence referred to his style as `` dynamic cubism '' , though by his own account the primary influence was not so much French art as the shapes and colors of Harlem . He brought the African - American experience to life using blacks and browns juxtaposed with vivid colors . He also taught and spent 15 years as a professor at the University of Washington .
The Famous Five (Canada)
Opinions on the Famous Five vary considerably . Many laud them as trailblazers for women . Others are disturbed by the opinions of some of the women on other issues , such as opposition to non-white immigration and their successful campaigns to have eugenics legislation introduced in Canadian provinces , which resulted in the sterilization of thousands of those deemed `` mentally deficient '' or `` insane '' in Alberta and elsewhere . Emily Murphy was not shy with her opinions and her outspoken nature had a tendency to give her a negative reputation . She wrote letters of her opinions to police chiefs , government officials , social service agencies and judicial officials about the extent of drug traffic and possible cures . Nellie McClung was known as the most memorable and popular of the famous five . Her causes included women 's right to vote , prohibition , women in the church and women in public life . Henrietta Muir Edwards was described as `` tenacious '' with her work with prohibition .
Golden Horde
Mengu - Timur was succeeded in 1281 by his brother Töde Möngke , who was a Muslim . He made peace with Kublai , returned his sons to him , and acknowledged his supremacy . Nogai and Köchü , Khan of the White Horde and son of Orda Khan , also made peace with the Yuan dynasty and the Ilkhanate . According to Mamluk historians , Töde Möngke sent the Mamluks a letter proposing to fight against their common enemy , the unbelieving Ilkhanate . This indicates that he might have had an interest in Azerbaijan and Georgia , which were both ruled by the Ilkhans .
Golden Horde
After Mengu - Timur died , rulers of the Golden Horde withdrew their support from Kaidu , the head of the House of Ögedei . Kaidu tried to restore his influence in the Golden Horde by sponsoring his own candidate Kobeleg against Bayan ( r . 1299 -- 1304 ) , Khan of the White Horde . After taking military support from Toqta , Bayan asked help from the Yuan dynasty and the Ilkhanate to organize a unified attack on the Chagatai Khanate under the leadership of Kaidu and his number two Duwa . However , the Yuan court was unable to send quick military support .
Golden Horde
This decree also allowed Novgorod 's merchants travel throughout the Suzdal lands without restraint . Mengu Timur honored his vow : when the Danes and the Livonian Knights attacked the north - western lands of the Rus in 1269 , the Khan 's great basqaq ( darughachi ) , Amraghan , and many Mongols assisted the Russian army assembled by the Grand duke Yaroslav . The Germans and the Danes were so cowed that they sent gifts to the Mongols and abandoned the region of Narva . The Mongol Khan 's authority extended to all Russian principalities , and in 1274 -- 75 the census took place in all Rus ' cities , including Smolensk and Vitebsk .
Music of the Netherlands
Misha Mengelberg ( born June 5 , 1935 ) is a jazz pianist and composer . He was the pianist on Eric Dolphy 's last album , Last Date ( 1964 ) . Also featuring on that record was the drummer Han Bennink , and together with Piet Noordijk they formed a quartet which had a number of different bassists . They played at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1966 . In 1967 he co-founded the Instant Composers Pool , an organisation which promoted avant garde Dutch jazz performances and recordings , with Han Bennink and Willem Breuker .