vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
List of Good Witch episodes
No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date Prod . code U.S. viewers ( millions ) 10 `` Second Time Around '' Craig Pryce Sue Tenney April 17 , 2016 ( 2016 - 04 - 17 ) 2.19 Cassie and Sam seem ready to move their relationship forward , but Sam 's ex-wife , Linda ( Gabrielle Miller ) , wishes to repair their fractured family for Nick 's sake . Grace is nervous about her first driving test . She searches for the perfect teacher to help ace her test . Cassie hangs a help - wanted sign at Bell , Book & Candle . At the Bistro , Abigail approaches Stephanie with a business proposition , before scheming a startling betrayal . A seemingly happy couple arrives at Grey House to celebrate their upcoming nuptials , but Cassie sees beyond their façade , which leads to a confession . Elsewhere , Tara and Brandon have a difference of opinion on an important milestone , which could affect their future ; and an intriguing visitor from Cassie 's past arrives in Middleton . 11 `` Driven '' Craig Pryce Sue Tenney April 24 , 2016 ( 2016 - 04 - 24 ) 2002 1.96 Cassie is surprised to learn her old college friend John ( Dan Payne ) has arrived in Middleton for a teaching job , but , as they reminisce , it seems John may have an ulterior motive behind his move to town . Meanwhile , Grace believes that Sam is the perfect person to help her master her driving skills before the road test . However , manipulative Linda is determined to keep Cassie and her family away , considering them as competition for Sam 's attention . Cassie plans a fresh and honest start for her heartbroken Grey House guests , before helping her new shop assistant to follow her true passion . As Brandon and Tara come to an impasse after their pregnancy false alarm , Martha is forced to go silent to cure her laryngitis , which may be a gift unto itself . Abigail charms her way into a surprising solo business plan , as Stephanie is angry until she discovers the truth behind Abigail 's betrayal . Lastly , just as Sam stands up to Linda to keep Cassie in his life , Cassie 's rekindled friendship with John appears to head down a romantic path .
English contract law
In three main situations , English law allows people who lack legal capacity to contract to escape from enforcement of agreements and recover property that was conveyed , to reverse unjust enrichment . First , a person may be too young to be bound by large or onerous contracts . Minors , under 18 years , can bind themselves to contracts for `` necessaries '' to pay a reasonable price , but only unusual contracts , such as for eleven luxury waistcoats will not be deemed `` necessaries '' . While the adult contracting party is bound , the minor has the option to rescind the contract , so long as one of the four equitable bars ( lapse of time , affirmation , third party rights , counter-restitution possible ) is not present . Second , people who are mentally incapacitated , for instance because they are sectioned under the Mental Health Act 1983 or they are completely intoxicated , are in principle bound to agreements when the other person could not or did not know they lacked mental capacity . But if the other person did know or should have known , then the mentally incapacitated individual may no longer have agreements for non-necessaries enforced upon them . Third , companies can generally bind themselves to any agreement , even though many ( particularly older ) companies have a limited range of objects that their members ( in most companies this means shareholders ) have consented that the business is for . Under the Companies Act 2006 sections 39 and 40 , if a third party contracting with the company in bad faith takes advantage of a director or officer to procure an agreement , that contract will be wholly void . This is a high threshold , and in practice no longer relevant , particularly since 2006 companies may elect to have unrestricted objects . It is more likely that a contract ceases to be enforceable because , as a matter of the law of agency the third party should have reasonably known that the person contracting lacked authority to enter an agreement . In this situation a contract is voidable at the instance of the company , and could only be enforced against the ( probably less solvent ) employee .
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Section 602 directs each Federal agency administering a program of Federal financial assistance by way of grant , contract , or loan to take action pursuant to rule , regulation , or order of general applicability to effectuate the principle of section 601 in a manner consistent with the achievement of the objectives of the statute authorizing the assistance . In seeking the effect compliance with its requirements imposed under this section , an agency is authorized to terminate or to refuse to grant or to continue assistance under a program to any recipient as to whom there has been an express finding pursuant to a hearing of a failure to comply with the requirements under that program , and it may also employ any other means authorized by law . However , each agency is directed first to seek compliance with its requirements by voluntary means .
English contract law
Generally a contract forms when one person makes an offer , and another person accepts it by communicating their assent or performing the offer 's terms . If the terms are certain , and the parties can be presumed from their behaviour to have intended that the terms are binding , generally the agreement is enforceable . Some contracts , particularly for large transactions such as a sale of land , also require the formalities of signatures and witnesses and English law goes further than other European countries by requiring all parties bring something of value , known as `` consideration '' , to a bargain as a precondition to enforce it . Contracts can be made personally or through an agent acting on behalf of a principal , if the agent acts within what a reasonable person would think they have the authority to do . In principle , English law grants people broad freedom to agree the content of a deal . Terms in an agreement are incorporated through express promises , by reference to other terms or potentially through a course of dealing between two parties . Those terms are interpreted by the courts to seek out the true intention of the parties , from the perspective of an objective observer , in the context of their bargaining environment . Where there is a gap , courts typically imply terms to fill the spaces , but also through the 20th century both the judiciary and legislature have intervened more and more to strike out surprising and unfair terms , particularly in favour of consumers , employees or tenants with weaker bargaining power .
Central Intelligence Agency
This Directorate is known to be organized by geographic regions and issues , but its precise organization is classified .
Lobbying in the United States
Lobbying is a practical necessity for firms that `` live and die '' by government decisions , such as large government contractors such as Boeing . A study done in 2006 by Bloomberg News suggested that lobbying was a `` sound money - making strategy '' for the 20 largest federal contractors . The largest contractor , Lockheed Martin Corporation , received almost $40 billion in federal contracts in 2003 - 4 , and spent $16 million on lobbying expenses and campaign donations . For each dollar of lobbying investment , the firm received $2,517 in revenues , according to the report . When the lobbying firm Cassidy & Associates began achieving results with earmarks for colleges and universities and medical centers , new lobbying firms rose to compete with them to win `` earmarks of their own '' , a clear sign that the lobbying was exceedingly effective .
Plant development
The properties of organization seen in a plant are emergent properties which are more than the sum of the individual parts . `` The assembly of these tissues and functions into an integrated multicellular organism yields not only the characteristics of the separate parts and processes but also quite a new set of characteristics which would not have been predictable on the basis of examination of the separate parts . ''
English contract law
Law of obligations , tort , unjust enrichment and trusts Economic tort , Lumley v Gye ( 1853 ) 2 El & Bl 216 , tort of interference with a contract Assumption of responsibility and pure economic loss Freedom of contract and regulation Autonomy Bargaining power and inequality of bargaining power Will theory , promise `` Promise '' in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Arthur Linton Corbin Adverse selection , moral hazard , information asymmetry Complete contract and default rule Agency cost , principal -- agent problem Codification , common law and the European civil code Specific contracts : Agency . Arbitration clauses . Bailment . Bills of exchange and banking . Building contracts . Carriage by air . Carriage by land . Construction contracts . Credit and security . Employment . Gaming and wagering . Insurance . Restrictive agreements and covenants . Sale of goods . Suretyship .
Central Intelligence Agency
CIA Crime and Narcotics Center researches information on international narcotics trafficking and organized crime for policymakers and the law enforcement community . Since CIA has no domestic police authority , it sends its analytic information to the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) , Immigration and Customs Enforcement ( ICE ) and other law enforcement organizations , such as the Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) and the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the United States Department of the Treasury ( OFAC ) .
Sociology
Utilitarianism is often referred to as exchange theory or rational choice theory in the context of sociology . This tradition tends to privilege the agency of individual rational actors and assumes that within interactions individuals always seek to maximize their own self - interest . As argued by Josh Whitford , rational actors are assumed to have four basic elements , the individual has ( 1 ) `` a knowledge of alternatives , '' ( 2 ) `` a knowledge of , or beliefs about the consequences of the various alternatives , '' ( 3 ) `` an ordering of preferences over outcomes , '' ( 4 ) `` A decision rule , to select among the possible alternatives '' Exchange theory is specifically attributed to the work of George C. Homans , Peter Blau and Richard Emerson . Organizational sociologists James G. March and Herbert A. Simon noted that an individual 's rationality is bounded by the context or organizational setting . The utilitarian perspective in sociology was , most notably , revitalized in the late 20th century by the work of former ASA president James Coleman .
History of democracy
Modern representative democracies attempt to bridge the gulf between the Hobbesian ' state of nature ' and the grip of authoritarianism through ' social contracts ' that enshrine the rights of the citizens , curtail the power of the state , and grant agency through the right to vote . While they engage populations with some level of decision - making , they are defined by the premise of distrust in the ability of human populations to make a direct judgement about candidates or decisions on issues .
Central Intelligence Agency
different standards for government employees and contractors ; contractors providing similar services to government workers ; analysis of costs of contractors vs. employees ; an assessment of the appropriateness of outsourced activities ; an estimate of the number of contracts and contractors ; comparison of compensation for contractors and government employees ; attrition analysis of government employees ; descriptions of positions to be converted back to the employee model ; an evaluation of accountability mechanisms ; an evaluation of procedures for `` conducting oversight of contractors to ensure identification and prosecution of criminal violations , financial waste , fraud , or other abuses committed by contractors or contract personnel '' ; and an `` identification of best practices of accountability mechanisms within service contracts . ''
Medicare (United States)
Since the beginning of the Medicare program , CMS ( that was not always the name of the responsible bureaucracy ) has contracted with private insurance companies to operate as intermediaries between the government and medical providers to administer Part A and Part B benefits . Contracted processes include claims and payment processing , call center services , clinician enrollment , and fraud investigation . Beginning in 1997 and 2005 respectively , these and other insurance companies also began administering Part C and Part D plans .
Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development
In Stage five ( social contract driven ) , the world is viewed as holding different opinions , rights , and values . Such perspectives should be mutually respected as unique to each person or community . Laws are regarded as social contracts rather than rigid edicts . Those that do not promote the general welfare should be changed when necessary to meet `` the greatest good for the greatest number of people '' . This is achieved through majority decision and inevitable compromise . Democratic government is ostensibly based on stage five reasoning .
April 2015 Nepal earthquake
Summary of international aid to Nepal for earthquake relief ( Details in the article Humanitarian response to the 2015 Nepal earthquake ) Aid agency / Country Cash donation ( US $ ) Humanitarian aid and supplies Other aid Source International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies $535,664.55 emergency fund activated Volunteers ( first - aid , search - & - rescue ) Blood - bank supplies to areas in the capital Médecins Sans Frontières ( Doctors Without Borders ) Rapid intervention surgical kit with 11 - member team left Kathmandu for Ghorka ( 200 km north - west ) ( 61 staff deployed ) Water and sanitation -- makeshift camps -- Tudikhel ( Kathmandu ) , Bhaktapur ( 14 km east of Kathmandu ) , first - aid material to Bhaktapur hospital European Union $3.3 million Aid , first - response teams and civil - protection experts Algeria $1 million 70 relief workers , medicines , and other supplies Australia $15.86 million $3,568,500 to the United Nations relief effort , $793,000 to the World Health Organization , $793,000 to the Australian Red Cross , $396,500 to the RedR Australia relief organisation , $3.172 million for other Australian NGOs . Two Boeing C - 17 aircraft carrying 15 tons of Australian aid and two RAAF aero medical evacuation teams . The Government of Tasmania donated $7,930 to Rotary Tasmania 's Nepal Earthquake Appeal . 2 humanitarian experts and a crisis - response team initially . 70 defence personnel , immigration and other federal government officials to distribute aid and help with evacuation efforts . Austria $835,000 Austrian Red Cross search - & - rescue staff Azerbaijan 1 ton of medical supplies , tents , blankets and water ( Ministry of Emergency Situations ) Bangladesh BAF Lockheed C - 130B aircraft with 10 tonnes of relief materials -- tents , dry food , water , blankets , etc . Four cargo trucks carrying approximately 25 tonnes of essential relief materials for earthquake victims in Nepal left Dhaka . The cargoes will travel through Banglabandh - Fulbari - Panitanki - Kakarbhitta land route . The relief materials include 3000 cartons ( 12 tonne ) of dry food and fruit juice donated by PRAN , and 5000 pieces of blankets donated by Brac , according to a press release of the Embassy of Nepal in Bangladesh .
Major League Baseball transactions
Players eligible for neither free agency nor salary arbitration are very seldom offered contracts for much more than the league minimum salary , as the player has no recourse to try to obtain a better salary elsewhere . For this reason , in the first three major league years of their careers ( except for the `` Super Two '' exception above ) , it is standard practice for players to accept comparatively low salaries even when their performance is stellar . Occasionally , a team may wish to sign a player in his second or third year to a long - term contract , and the resulting negotiations can involve salaries significantly higher than minimum . A recent example is the contract Ryan Braun signed barely a year into his major league career , which would have taken him through 2015 . However , in April 2011 , he and the Milwaukee Brewers extended that contract through 2020 .
Interstate compact
Frequently , these agreements create a new governmental agency which is responsible for administering or improving some shared resource such as a seaport or public transportation infrastructure . In some cases , a compact serves simply as a coordination mechanism between independent authorities in the member states .
A Song of Ice and Fire
Regarding A Song of Ice and Fire as his magnum opus , Martin is certain never to write anything on this scale again and would only return to this fictional universe in the context of stand - alone novels . He prefers to write stories about characters from other Ice and Fire periods of history such as his Tales of Dunk and Egg project , instead of continuing the series directly . A possible future side project is a prequel set during Aegon 's conquest of Westeros . Martin said he would love to return to writing short stories , novellas , novelettes , and stand - alone novels from diverse genres such as science fiction , horror , fantasy , or even a murder mystery . However , he will see if his audience follows him after publishing his next project .
Trafficking of children
Many NGOs have initiated movements focusing on informing the public on the dangers of donations . As recently reported by UNICEF `` certain behaviors , such as giving money to child beggars can also indirectly motivate traffickers and controller to demand children . '' The Mirror Foundation 's Stop Child Begging Project of Thailand is one such organization that emphasizes eliminating the demand . Their initiatives are focused on educating passersby on the forced begging of trafficked Cambodians within their country to decrease the likelihood of donations . Other
Social development theory
At a particular stage , organizations mature into institutions that become part of society . Beyond this point , an organization does not need laws or agencies to foster growth or ensure a continued presence . The transformation of an organization into an institution signifies society 's total acceptance of that new organization .
Time
This linguistic evidence that abstract concepts are based in spatial concepts also reveals that the way humans mentally organize time events varies across cultures -- -- that is , a certain specific mental organization system is not universal . So , although Western cultures typically associate past events with the left and future events with the right according to a certain MTL , this kind of horizontal , egocentric MTL is not the spatial organization of all cultures . Although most developed nations use an egocentric spatial system , there is recent evidence that some cultures use an allocentric spatialization , often based on environmental features .
Free clinic
Free clinics can be granted medical malpractice coverage through the Federal Tort Claims Act ( FTCA ) . FTCA coverage includes health care professionals who are acting as volunteers . In addition it covers officers , board members , clinic employees , and individual contractors . Medical malpractice coverage does not occur automatically , each organization must be `` deemed '' eligible by the US Department of Health and Human Services . To be eligible the clinic must be an IRS recognized nonprofit , that does not accept payments from insurance companies , the government , or other organizations for the services it performs . It also must not charge patients for services . It may receive donations from anyone and any organization ; the stipulation is that it may not receive financial reimbursement for service rendered , which by definition a free clinic does not .
Law firm
Law firms are typically organized around partners , who are joint owners and business directors of the legal operation ; associates , who are employees of the firm with the prospect of becoming partners ; and a variety of staff employees , providing paralegal , clerical , and other support services . An associate may have to wait as long as 11 years before the decision is made as to whether the associate `` makes partner . '' Many law firms have an `` up or out policy '' ( pioneered around 1900 by partner Paul Cravath of Cravath , Swaine & Moore ) : associates who do not make partner are required to resign and join another firm , do it alone as a solo practitioner , go to work in - house in a corporate legal department , or change professions ( burnout rates are very high in law ) .
Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Manny Pacquiao
On January 7 , 2014 , Fighthype.com published an interview with Mayweather in which he called Pacquiao a `` desperate dog '' who is chasing a megabout due to his tax problems . In response , Pacquiao challenged Mayweather to a fight for charity . `` I challenge him to include in our fight contract that both of us will not receive anything out of this fight , '' Pacquiao said . `` We will donate all the proceeds from the fight -- guaranteed prize , should there be any , gate receipts , pay - per - view and endorsements -- to charities around the world . '' He added , `` Floyd , if you 're a real man , fight me . Let 's do it for the love of boxing and for the fans . Let 's do it not for the sake of money . Let 's make the boxing fans happy . ''
Hurricane Katrina
In the year following Katrina 's strike on the Gulf Coast , The Salvation Army allocated donations of more than $365 million to serve more than 1.7 million people in nearly every state . The organization 's immediate response to Hurricane Katrina included more than 5.7 million hot meals and about 8.3 million sandwiches , snacks , and drinks served in and around New Orleans . Its SATERN network of amateur radio operators picked up where modern communications left off to help locate more than 25,000 survivors . Salvation Army pastoral care counselors were on hand to comfort the emotional and spiritual needs of 277,000 individuals . As part of the overall effort , Salvation Army officers , employees , and volunteers contributed more than 900,000 hours of service .
Human sacrifice in Aztec culture
Within the system of organization based on hierarchy , there was also a social expectation contributing to the status of an individual at the time of their sacrifice . An individual was punished if unable to confidently address their own sacrifice , i.e. the person acted cowardly beforehand instead of brave . Then , instead of being sacrificed honorably , their lowly death paralleled their new lowly status . Where one 's body traveled in the afterlife also depended on the type of death awarded to the individual . Those who died while being sacrificed or while battling in war went to the second - highest heaven , while those who died of illness were the lowest in the hierarchy . Those going through the lowest hierarchy of death were required to undergo numerous torturous trials and journeys , only to culminate in a somber underworld . Additionally , death during Flower Wars was considered much more noble than death during regular military endeavors .
Real estate contract
Notarization by a notary public is normally not required for a real estate contract , but many recording offices require that a seller 's or conveyor 's signature on a deed be notarized to record the deed . The real estate contract is typically not recorded with the government , although statements or declarations of the price paid are commonly required to be submitted to the recorder 's office .
Smooth muscle tissue
Smooth muscle cells have been observed contracting in a spiral corkscrew fashion , and contractile proteins have been observed organizing into zones of actin and myosin along the axis of the cell .