vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Iodine-131
Treatment of thyrotoxicosis ( including Graves ' disease ) with 600 -- 2,000 mg potassium perchlorate ( 430 -- 1,400 mg perchlorate ) daily for periods of several months or longer was once common practice , particularly in Europe , and perchlorate use at lower doses to treat thryoid problems continues to this day . Although 400 mg of potassium perchlorate divided into four or five daily doses was used initially and found effective , higher doses were introduced when 400 mg / day was discovered not to control thyrotoxicosis in all subjects .
Chickenpox
Treatment of chickenpox in children is aimed at symptoms while the immune system deals with the virus . With children younger than 12 years , cutting nails and keeping them clean is an important part of treatment as they are more likely to scratch their blisters more deeply than adults .
Battle of Gettysburg
As Longstreet 's left division , under Maj. Gen. Lafayette McLaws , advanced , they unexpectedly found Maj. Gen. Daniel Sickles 's III Corps directly in their path . Sickles had been dissatisfied with the position assigned him on the southern end of Cemetery Ridge . Seeing ground better suited for artillery positions a half mile ( 800 m ) to the west -- centered at the Sherfy farm 's Peach Orchard -- he violated orders and advanced his corp to the slightly higher ground along the Emmitsburg Road , moving away from Cemetery Ridge . The new line ran from Devil 's Den , northwest to the Peach Orchard , then northeast along the Emmitsburg Road to south of the Codori farm . This created an untenable salient at the Peach Orchard ; Brig. Gen. Andrew A. Humphreys 's division ( in position along the Emmitsburg Road ) and Maj. Gen. David B. Birney 's division ( to the south ) were subject to attacks from two sides and were spread out over a longer front than their small corps could defend effectively . The Confederate artillery was ordered to open fire at 3 : 00 p.m. After failing to attend a meeting at this time of Meade 's corps commanders , Meade rode to Sickles ' position and demanded an explanation of the situation . Knowing a Confederate attack was imminent and a retreat would be endangered , Meade refused Sickles ' offer to withdraw .
Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church
In the Eastern Catholic churches , the sacrament ( or `` sacred mystery '' ) of Anointing the Sick is administered using various liturgies often identical with forms used by non-Catholic Eastern churches . Adaptation or development of the liturgical forms used in the Eastern Catholic churches is overseen by the Congregation for the Oriental Churches , part of the Roman Curia .
Neuron
Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disease leading to fluctuating muscle weakness and fatigability during simple activities . Weakness is typically caused by circulating antibodies that block acetylcholine receptors at the post-synaptic neuromuscular junction , inhibiting the stimulative effect of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine . Myasthenia is treated with immunosuppressants , cholinesterase inhibitors and , in selected cases , thymectomy .
Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church
The chief Biblical text concerning anointing of the sick is James 5 : 14 -- 15 : `` Is any man sick among you ? Let him bring in the priests of the church and let them pray over him , anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord . And the prayer of faith shall save the sick man . And the Lord shall raise him up : and if he be in sins , they shall be forgiven him . '' Matthew 10 : 8 , Luke 10 : 8 -- 9 and Mark 6 : 13 are also quoted in this regard .
Provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
Insurers are prohibited from imposing lifetime dollar limits on essential benefits , like hospital stays , in new policies issued . Dependents , mostly children , will be permitted to remain on their parents ' insurance plan until their 26th birthday , and regulations implemented under the ACA include dependents that no longer live with their parents , are not a dependent on a parent 's tax return , are no longer a student , or are married . Insurers are prohibited from excluding pre-existing medical conditions ( except in grandfathered individual health insurance plans ) for children under the age of 19 . All new insurance plans must cover preventive care and medical screenings rated Level A or B by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force . Insurers are prohibited from charging co-payments , co-insurance , or deductibles for these services . Individuals affected by the Medicare Part D coverage gap will receive a $250 rebate , and 50 % of the gap will be eliminated in 2011 . The gap will be eliminated by 2020 . Insurers ' abilities to enforce annual spending caps will be restricted , and completely prohibited by 2014 . Insurers are prohibited from dropping policyholders when they get sick . Insurers are required to reveal details about administrative and executive expenditures . Insurers are required to implement an appeals process for coverage determination and claims on all new plans . Enhanced methods of fraud detection are implemented . Medicare is expanded to small , rural hospitals and facilities . Medicare patients with chronic illnesses must be monitored / evaluated on a 3 - month basis for coverage of the medications for treatment of such illnesses . Companies that provide early retiree benefits for individuals aged 55 -- 64 are eligible to participate in a temporary program that reduces premium costs . A new website installed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services will provide consumer insurance information for individuals and small businesses in all states . A temporary credit program is established to encourage private investment in new therapies for disease treatment and prevention . All new insurance plans must cover childhood immunizations and adult vaccinations recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices ( ACIP ) without charging co-payments , co-insurance , or deductibles when provided by an in - network provider .
Entamoeba histolytica
Intestinal infection : Usually nitroimidazole derivatives are used because they are highly effective against the trophozoite form of the amoeba . Since they have little effect on amoeba cysts , usually this treatment is followed by an agent ( such as paromomycin or diloxanide furoate ) that acts on the organism in the lumen .
Angular cheilitis
Treatment for angular cheilitis is typically based on the underlying causes along with the use of a barrier cream . Frequently an antifungal and antibacterial cream is also tried . Angular cheilitis is a fairly common problem , with estimates that it affects 0.7 % of the population . It occurs most often in the 30s to 60s , although is also relatively common in children . In the developing world , iron and vitamin deficiencies are a common cause .
Telangiectasia
Many patients who suffer with spider veins seek the assistance of physicians who specialize in vein care or peripheral vascular disease . These physicians are called vascular surgeons or phlebologists . More recently , interventional radiologists have started treating venous problems .
The Big Sick
The Big Sick is a 2017 American romantic comedy film directed by Michael Showalter and written by Emily V. Gordon and Kumail Nanjiani . It stars Nanjiani , Zoe Kazan , Holly Hunter , Ray Romano , Adeel Akhtar , and Anupam Kher , and follows an interracial couple that has to deal with their cultural differences , loosely based on the real - life romance between Nanjiani and Gordon .
Izzie Stevens
Izzie 's cancer storyline received a mixed response from the medical community . Otis Brawley , chief medical officer at the American Cancer Society , commented that Izzie 's treatment options were unrealistic . Whereas in the show she was offered the drug interleukin - 2 , in reality the drug is never recommended to patients when melanoma has spread to the brain , as it can cause bleeding and strokes . Brawley explained that such patients would instead be offered radiosurgery . Conversely however , Tim Turnham , executive director of the Melanoma Research Foundation , praised Grey 's Anatomy for bringing about greater public awareness of melanoma , stating : `` We welcome the national spotlight Grey 's Anatomy has created for melanoma and its efforts to encourage viewers to learn more about the importance of prevention , early detection and research . ''
Chipotle Mexican Grill
In December 2015 , eighty students at Boston College were sickened after eating at a single Chipotle restaurant . Affected students had been tested for both E. coli and norovirus in order to determine the cause of the illnesses . Although it would take as long as two days before the results of more definitive tests became known , public health investigators reported that preliminary tests pointed to the presence of norovirus . The health inspectors for the City of Boston had since closed this particular location on December 7 for a number of health violations that included maintaining meats at a too low of a temperature on the serving line and for allowing a sick employee to work at the time of the inspection .
Cracked nipple
Cracked nipples can be treated with 100 % lanolin . Glycerin nipple pads can be chilled and placed over the nipples to help soothe and heal cracked or painful nipples . If the cause of cracked nipples is from thrush , treatment is usually begun with nystatin . If the mother is symptomatic then the mother and the baby can be treated . Continuing to breastfeed will actually help the nipples heal . A little breast milk or purified lanolin cream or ointment helps the healing process . Breastfeeding professionals that include nurses , midwives and lactation consultants are able to assist in the treatment of cracked nipples .
The Big Sick
The Big Sick premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 20 , 2017 . Shortly after , Amazon Studios acquired distribution rights to the film , after bids from Sony Pictures and Fox Searchlight Pictures . The $12 million acquisition marked the second - largest deal of the 2017 festival . Lionsgate partnered with Amazon on the U.S. release , and spent around $20 million on marketing the film . It also screened at South by Southwest on March 16 , 2017 , where it won an Audience Award in the category Festival Favorites . The film began a limited release on June 23 , 2017 , before going wide on July 14 , 2017 .
Scabies
Moxidectin is being evaluated as a treatment for scabies . It is established in veterinary medicine to treat a range of parasites , including sarcoptic mange . Its advantage over ivermectin is its longer duration of action .
Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church
The Catholic Church sees the effects of the sacrament as follows : As the sacrament of Marriage gives grace for the married state , the sacrament of Anointing of the Sick gives grace for the state into which people enter through sickness . Through the sacrament a gift of the Holy Spirit is given , that renews confidence and faith in God and strengthens against temptations to discouragement , despair and anguish at the thought of death and the struggle of death ; it prevents the believer from losing Christian hope in God 's justice , truth and salvation . Because one of the effects of the sacrament is to absolve the recipient of any sins not previously absolved through the sacrament of penance , only an ordained priest or bishop may administer the sacrament .
The Big Sick
The screenplay for The Big Sick is written by Emily V. Gordon and her husband Kumail Nanjiani and is loosely based on the real - life courtship between them before their marriage in 2007 . According to Nanjiani , the idea to make a script about them was first inspired by the film 's eventual co-producer Judd Apatow when the two met while appearing in a 2012 episode of the You Made It Weird podcast . Developed over the course of three years , the script has been called semi-autobiographical because , in addition to the two lead characters modeled after them , many of the events occurring during Gordon and Nanjiani 's relationship are noted as being portrayed to an extent in the film .
Ancient Egypt
Wounds were treated by bandaging with raw meat , white linen , sutures , nets , pads , and swabs soaked with honey to prevent infection , while opium thyme and belladona were used to relieve pain . The earliest records of burn treatment describe burn dressings that use the milk from mothers of male babies . Prayers were made to the goddess Isis . Moldy bread , honey and copper salts were also used to prevent infection from dirt in burns . Garlic and onions were used regularly to promote good health and were thought to relieve asthma symptoms . Ancient Egyptian surgeons stitched wounds , set broken bones , and amputated diseased limbs , but they recognized that some injuries were so serious that they could only make the patient comfortable until death occurred . Documented
The Big Sick
In a review for the Toronto Star , Peter Howell gave The Big Sick four stars out of four , praising the film as `` hilarious and heartbreaking '' , as well as applauding the performances of the entire cast . Richard Roeper similarly gave the film four stars out of four in his review for the Chicago Sun - Times , labeling it as `` without a doubt one of the best romantic comedies I have seen in a long time . '' The Big Sick was also selected as an `` NYT Critic 's Pick '' by Manohla Dargis of The New York Times . In her review , Dargis praised Michael Showalter 's direction and the screenplay by Emily V. Gordon and Kumail Nanjiani for `` revitalizing an often moribund subgenre with a true story of love , death and the everyday comedy of being a 21st - century American .
Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church
An extensive account of the teaching of the Catholic Church on Anointing of the Sick is given in Catechism of the Catholic Church , 1499 -- 1532 .
Health care in the United States
The treatment given to a patient can vary significantly depending on which health care providers they use . Research suggests that some cost - effective treatments are not used as often as they should be , while overutilization occurs with other health care services . Unnecessary treatments increase costs and can cause patients unnecessary anxiety . The use of prescription drugs varies significantly by geographic region . The overuse of medical benefits is known as moral hazard -- individuals who are insured are then more inclined to consume health care . The way the Health care system tries to eliminate this problem is through cost sharing tactics like co-pays and deductibles . If patients face more of the economic burden they will then only consume health care when they perceive it to be necessary . According to the RAND health insurance experiment , individuals with higher Coinsurance rates consumed less health care than those with lower rates . The experiment concluded that with less consumption of care there was generally no loss in societal welfare but , for the poorer and sicker groups of people there were definitely negative effects . These patients were forced to forgo necessary preventative care measures in order to save money leading to late diagnosis of easily treated diseases and more expensive procedures later . With less preventative care , the patient is hurt financially with an increase in expensive visits to the ER. The Health Care costs in the U.S will also rise with these procedures as well . More expensive procedures lead to greater costs .
The Big Sick
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes , the film holds an approval rating of 98 % based on 227 reviews , with an average rating of 8.2 / 10 . The site 's critical consensus reads , `` Funny , heartfelt , and intelligent , The Big Sick uses its appealing leads and cross-cultural themes to prove the standard romcom formula still has some fresh angles left to explore . '' On Metacritic , which assigns a normalized rating to reviews , the film received an average score of 86 out of 100 , based on 47 critics , indicating `` universal acclaim . '' Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of `` A '' on an A+ to F scale . According to a poll conducted by AwardsDaily in July 2017 , polling one hundred critics , The Big Sick was voted the second best film of 2017 so far , behind Get Out .
The Big Sick
The film had its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 20 , 2017 . It began a limited theatrical release on June 23 , 2017 , by Amazon Studios and Lionsgate , before going wide on July 14 , 2017 . It received positive reviews , becoming one of the most critically acclaimed films of 2017 . With a budget of $5 million , it grossed over $53 million worldwide , becoming one of the highest - grossing independent films of 2017 .
LASIK
Treatments include artificial tears , prescription tears and punctal occlusion . Punctal occlusion is accomplished by placing a collagen or silicone plug in the tear duct , which normally drains fluid from the eye . Some patients complain of ongoing dry eye symptoms despite such treatments and dry eye symptoms may be permanent .
Statin
A link between cholesterol and cardiovascular disease , known as the lipid hypothesis , had already been suggested . Cholesterol is the main constituent of atheroma , the fatty lumps in the wall of arteries that occur in atherosclerosis and , when ruptured , cause the vast majority of heart attacks . Treatment consisted mainly of dietary measures , such as a low - fat diet , and poorly tolerated medicines , such as clofibrate , cholestyramine , and nicotinic acid . Cholesterol researcher Daniel Steinberg writes that while the Coronary Primary Prevention Trial of 1984 demonstrated cholesterol lowering could significantly reduce the risk of heart attacks and angina , physicians , including cardiologists , remained largely unconvinced .
Psychiatric hospital
At the beginning of the nineteenth century there were a few thousand `` sick people '' housed in a variety of disparate institutions throughout England , but by 1900 that figure had grown to about 100,000 . This growth coincided with the growth of alienism , later known as psychiatry , as a medical specialism . The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes very brutal and focused on containment and restraint .
Cell cycle
Synthetic inhibitors of Cdc25 could also be useful for the arrest of cell cycle and therefore be useful as antineoplastic and anticancer agents .
Iran hostage crisis
Allegations that the Reagan administration negotiated a delay in the release of the hostages until after the 1980 presidential election have been numerous but unproven . Gary Sick , principal White House aide for Iran and the Persian Gulf on the Carter administration 's National Security Council , claimed in his book October Surprise : America 's Hostages in Iran and the Election of Ronald Reagan that CIA Director William Casey and possibly Vice President George H.W. Bush went to Paris to negotiate such a delay . Many others have made the same allegations .
Lead poisoning
Lead poisoning is preventable . This includes by individual efforts such as removing lead - containing items from the home , workplace efforts such as improved ventilation and monitoring , and nationwide policies such as laws that ban lead in products such as paint and gasoline , reduce allowable levels in water or soil , and provide for cleanup of contaminated soil . The major treatments are removal of the source of lead and the use of medications that bind lead so it can be eliminated from the body , known as chelation therapy . Chelation therapy in children is recommended when blood levels are greater than 40 -- 45 μg / dl . Medications used include dimercaprol , edetate calcium disodium , and succimer .
Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church
When administered to those on the point of death , the sacraments of Penance , Anointing of the Sick and Viaticum ( Holy Communion administered to someone who is dying ) are sometimes mistakenly called the last rites .
Appendix cancer
Small carcinoids ( < 2 cm ) without features of malignancy may be treated by appendectomy if complete removal is possible . Other carcinoids and adenocarcinomas may require right hemicolectomy . Note : the term `` carcinoids '' is outdated : these tumors are now more accurately called `` neuroendocrine tumors . ''
Survivor (franchise)
If a contestant becomes seriously injured or sick , the player , fellow contestants , the host , or even the crew filming the players may call in a medical team for help . In some cases , the player can be treated at their camp , but the player may also be deemed unable to participate further by the medical team and then be taken from camp to a medical facility , and removed from the game . Often , the players may decide for themselves whether their health will allow them to continue . Contestants deciding to quit the contest for any reason not health - or other - emergency - related may or may not be called back for the final jury , pending the producers ' decision , and may or may not get their closing speech aired , if their reasons are sufficient enough . ( This rule was added after the end of Survivor : Nicaragua . ) If a player decides to quit prior to Redemption Island , they are allowed to keep their buff instead of throwing it in the fire pit upon exiting ( as was the case in Survivor : Blood vs. Water ) . Depending on which country the show takes place in , contestants may be barred from killing local wildlife .
Corrosion
Various treatments are used to slow corrosion damage to metallic objects which are exposed to the weather , salt water , acids , or other hostile environments . Some unprotected metallic alloys are extremely vulnerable to corrosion , such as those used in neodymium magnets , which can spall or crumble into powder even in dry , temperature - stable indoor environments unless properly treated to discourage corrosion .
Alpha hydroxy acid
At low concentrations ( 5 - 10 % ) , as found in many over-the - counter products , glycolic acid ( GA ) reduces cell adhesion in the epidermis and promotes exfoliation . Low concentration makes possible daily application as a monotherapy or as part of a broader skin care management for such conditions as acne , photo - damage , wrinkling as well as melasma . Care should be taken to avoid irritation to avoid the worsening of melasma or other pigmentary problems . Newer formulations combine glycolic acid with an amino acid such as arginine and time - release formulations that reduces the risk of irritation without affecting glycolic acid efficacy . Supplemental use of an anti-irritant such as allantoin may also be helpful in reducing irritation .
Hormonal contraception
Hormonal birth control methods such as birth control pills , the contraceptive patch , vaginal ring , contraceptive implant , and hormonal IUD are used to treat cramping and pain associated with primary dysmenorrhea .
Apoptosis
Membrane blebbing : The cell membrane shows irregular buds known as blebs . Initially these are smaller surface blebs . Later these can grow into larger so - called dynamic membrane blebs . An important regulator of apoptotic cell membrane blebbing is ROCK1 ( rho associated coiled - coil - containing protein kinase 1 ) . Formation of membrane protrusions : Some cell types , under specific conditions , may develop different types of long , thin extensions of the cell membrane called membrane protrusions . Three types have been described : microtubule spikes , apoptopodia ( feet of death ) , and beaded apoptopodia ( the latter having a beads - on - a-string appearance ) . Pannexin 1 is an important component of membrane channels involved in the formation of apoptopodia and beaded apoptopodia . Fragmentation : The cell breaks apart into multiple vesicles called apoptotic bodies , which undergo phagocytosis . The plasma membrane protrusions may help bring apoptotic bodies closer to phagocytes .