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Governor Gavin Newsom
Gavin Newsom is the Governor of California. He previously served as Lieutenant Governor of California and Mayor of San Francisco. He was sworn into office on January 7, 2019.
About the Governor

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Jennifer Siebel Newsom is the First Partner of California. She is an award-winning filmmaker, advocate, and mother of four. She chose the title First Partner instead of First Lady to reflect California’s spirit of inclusivity.
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 Email UpdatesKeep up to date with the latest press releases and media advisories.Subscribe FeaturedNewsNov 16, 2023CARB approves incentive funding plan that invests in equitable transition to zero-emission futureNewsOct 26, 2023CARB approves first 5-year strategy update for its equity-driven Community Air Protection Program NewsOct 23, 2023California meets its target for zero-emissions truck sales two years ahead of schedule
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The California Department of Technology leads the state’s drive to deliver clear, fast, dependable, and equitable public services. It provides for the delivery of digital government services through the oversight of statewide IT strategic planning, project delivery, procurement, policy and standards, and enterprise architecture.
CDT is tasked with securing statewide information assets by providing oversight and infrastructure for many state departments and serves as the custodian of information for mission-critical and essential business applications. Home to the State Data Center, CDT provides infrastructure services for government customers that include on-premises and cloud-based services.
CDT is leading statewide broadband planning and execution to deliver digital equity and reliability for all Californians. The Director of CDT is also the State Chief Information Officer (CIO), and advises the Governor on the strategic management and direction of the state’s IT resources and policies.

Mission
Partner with state, local government, and educational entities to advance California’s technology and ensure secure, equitable, and reliable solutions through effective policy and oversight, statewide strategies, and innovative services.
Role, Responsibility, and Authority
CDT serves as the custodian of public data, an innovator in IT services and solutions, overseeing policy development, facilitating collaboration across agencies, ensuring effective IT project management, safeguarding information integrity, delivering technological services, and championing advocacy efforts.

Bridge to the Future CDT Strategic Plan: 2023-2026
Outlines CDT’s commitment to being the guardian of public data, a leader in IT services and solutions, with broad responsibility and authority over all aspects of technology in California state government, including

Policy formation
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The 2024-25 Budget: Initial Comments on the Governor’s May Revision
Under these rules, the state can make withdrawals from the constitutionally required balance of the BSA in a fiscal emergency, which occurs when estimated resources for the upcoming year are insufficient to cover the costs of the previous three enacted budgets, adjusted for inflation and population. Although the Governor has not officially declared a budget emergency for 2024-25 (or any other year in the budget window), we agree that the conditions for a declaration exist. After a budget emergency is declared, the state can withdraw up to half of the constitutional balance of the BSA. (The Legislature also can withdraw the entire “discretionary” balance of the BSA at any time, which are amounts that were deposited into the fund on top of Proposition 2 requirements.) In the May Revision, the Governor proposes withdrawing about $3 billion from the BSA—significantly less than the roughly $12 billion withdrawal proposed in January.
Safety Net Reserve. Similar to January, the Governor also proposes withdrawing the entire balance of the Safety Net Reserve—$900 million. The Safety Net Reserve was designed to help cover costs of increasing caseload in Medi-Cal and the California Work Opportunity and Responsibility to Kids program in the event of an economic downturn.
Cost Shifts
The May Revision includes about $1 billion in cost shifts. We define cost shifts as budget actions that achieve savings in the present, but result in a binding obligation or higher cost for the state in a future year. In that way, these actions can be similar to borrowing, but are often not explicitly structured as such. For example, major categories of cost shifts include: an additional $607 million in special fund loans to the General Fund, and a proposal to shift funding for the Capitol Annex project from cash to bond debt service that provides $450 million in budget savings within the budget window.
Revenue-Related Solutions
We estimate the May Revision includes about $2 billion in revenue-related solutions. The largest revenue solution is a proposal to not allow businesses with more than $1 million in income to claim NOL deductions on their taxes in 2025, 2026, and 2027. This proposal provides $900 million in additional revenue in 2024-25 and over $5 billion in future years.
The 2024-25 Budget: Department of Health Care Access and Information
delay spending on HCAI workforce initiatives to the future, the Governor
implicitly assumes the state will have adequate budget capacity to
resume spending on these initiatives in 2025‑26. With regard to the
General Fund, such an assumption may not be realistic. This is because
we estimate the General Fund is likely to have significant operating
deficits in the future. With lower revenues and higher ongoing spending
obligations projected beyond the budget year, it may be difficult to
resume support for delayed initiatives.
Further General Fund Actions Likely Will Be Needed in
May. Since the release of the Governor’s budget in
January, the state has received more data on tax payments. These data
indicate that General Fund revenue estimates will be lower in May,
relative to what the administration assumed in January. Given the
state’s deteriorating budget situation, the Legislature will need to
identify more solutions than those proposed by the Governor. Within
HCAI, $284 million in one-time General Fund spending remains in 2024‑25
for workforce initiatives under the Governor’s budget. Also, some
previously enacted one-time funds—such as the loan repayment initiative
for county psychiatrists ($7 million General Fund and $7 million Mental
Health Services Fund)—have not yet been spent. While pulling back
funding for these initiatives could disrupt future plans, they also
could avoid having to enact more significant reductions to core programs
and services down the road.
Mental Health Services Fund Delays Also
Warranted. Similar to the General Fund, the Mental Health
Services Fund is experiencing a deteriorated condition. In particular,
the fund’s revenues in 2022‑23, which primarily come from a tax on
incomes over $1 million, are 21 percent lower than what was assumed in
last year’s budget. This lower level of revenues results in less funding
available to the state and counties over the budget window and fewer
resources in the fund’s reserve. For this reason, the Mental Health
Services Fund no longer appears to have the capacity to support HCAI’s
Europa Mission to Probe Magnetic Field and Chemistry – NASA's Europa Clipper
"Habitability is hard to assess -- you have to not only know what is there but how the system works," said the instrument's principal investigator, Diana Blaney of JPL. "By mapping the composition of specific surface features with MISE, we can understand not only what Europa is made of, but also the processes that link the ocean to the surface."
MISE is built in collaboration with the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) in Laurel, Maryland, overseen by Deputy Principal Investigator Karl Hibbitts. APL will develop the MISE scanning mirror and the instrument electronics.
JPL will also build a third instrument for the Europa mission, called Radar for Europa Assessment and Sounding: Ocean to Near-surface, or REASON. This investigation is led by Principal Investigator Donald Blankenship of the Institute for Geophysics at the University of Texas, Austin.
JPL built and managed NASA's Galileo mission, and continues to manage NASA's Voyager mission, for the agency's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. JPL is currently formulating a concept for a future NASA mission to Europa. The California Institute of Technology in Pasadena manages JPL for NASA.

Featured Resources

2021 Europa Clipper Spacecraft (Artist's Concept)

Europa Ridges, Plains and Mountains

Europa Clipper Vault Plate - Poem Close-Up

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[19]

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NASA has selected 40 undergraduate students for the first year of its Europa ICONS (Inspiring Clipper: Opportunities for Next-generation Scientists) internship program.

NASA Selects Students for Europa Clipper Intern Program

The Europa Clipper magnetometer has completed its rigorous testing and calibration at JPL and is ready for integration onto the Europa Clipper spacecraft.

Europa Clipper's Magnetometer Testing is Complete, Ready for Integration

A new NASA study offers an explanation of how quakes could be the source of the mysteriously smooth terrain on moons circling Jupiter and Saturn. 

Icy Moonquakes: Surface Shaking Could Trigger Landslides
Radiation Maps of Europa: Key to Future Missions – NASA's Europa Clipper
“The radiation that bombards Europa’s surface leaves a fingerprint,” said Kevin Hand, co-author of the new research and project scientist for the potential Europa Lander mission. “If we know what that fingerprint looks like, we can better understand the nature of any organics and possible biosignatures that might be detected with future missions, be they spacecraft that fly by or land on Europa.
Europa Clipper’s mission team is examining possible orbit paths, and proposed routes pass over many regions of Europa that experience lower levels of radiation, Hand said. “That’s good news for looking at potentially fresh ocean material that has not been heavily modified by the fingerprint of radiation.”
JPL, a division of Caltech in Pasadena, California, manages the Europa Clipper mission for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington.
For more information about NASA's Europa Clipper mission, visit:
https://www.nasa.gov/europa 
News Media Contacts:
Gretchen McCartney
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.
818-393-6215
gretchen.p.mccartney@jpl.nasa.gov
Dwayne Brown / JoAnna Wendel
NASA Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1726 / 202-358-1003
dwayne.c.brown@nasa.gov / joanna.r.wendel@nasa.gov

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To interpret what future space missions find on the surface of Europa we must first understand how material has been modified by radiation.

Full Image and Caption

Featured Resources

Spacecraft Makers: Introducing Europa Clipper

Deep Dive on Jupiter's Moon Europa Infographic

Europa Clipper Rolls Into KSC's Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility

More resources ›

[19]

Related News

NASA has selected 40 undergraduate students for the first year of its Europa ICONS (Inspiring Clipper: Opportunities for Next-generation Scientists) internship program.

NASA Selects Students for Europa Clipper Intern Program

A new NASA study offers an explanation of how quakes could be the source of the mysteriously smooth terrain on moons circling Jupiter and Saturn. 

Icy Moonquakes: Surface Shaking Could Trigger Landslides
Vault Plate | Spacecraft – NASA's Europa Clipper
Sign up to get mission updates and NASA news

How were the languages selected? 
NASA worked with a group of professional linguists to identify a set of languages from a broad range of language families to be engraved in the limited space available on the Europa Clipper vault plate. The goal was to identify a diverse set of language families to represent humanity on a global scale. 
Can I suggest a language that's not included?
Didn’t find the language you were looking for? Share your own on social media and use the #GoEuropaClipper hashtag!
Did you notice a mistake? 
Let us know! Reach out to us here.

Learn more about the design of Europa Clipper’s vault plate. The plate, made of tantalum metal about 1 millimeter thick and about 7 by 11 inches (18 by 18 centimeters), is part of the structure that will protect Europa Clipper’s electronics from Jupiter’s harmful radiation. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

"In Praise of Mystery: A Poem for Europa"
"In Praise of Mystery: A Poem for Europa"

The lower half of Europa Clipper’s vault plate, showing the poem by U.S. Poet Laureate Ada Limón (lower right), a drawing representing the Jovian system that will host the names of 2.6 million people flying with mission on a microchip (top right), a tribute to planetary scientist Ron Greeley (bottom left), and the radio emission lines known a the ‘Water Hole’ (center). Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech 

This original poem, written by U.S. Poet Laureate Ada Limón, is engraved on the vault plate in her own handwriting. The poem connects the two water worlds — Earth, yearning to reach out and understand what makes a world habitable, and Europa, waiting with secrets yet to be explored.
The poem was revealed at the Library of Congress on June 1, 2023. From that date until December 31, 2023, people around the world were invited to sign their names to the poem as part of NASA’s Message in a Bottle campaign.
Europa-UVS | Instruments – NASA's Europa Clipper
Una voz entre las estrellas: Poema de la poetisa laureada estadounidense Ada Limón viajará a Europa en una nave espacial de la NASA

U.S. Poet Laureate Ada Limón, who is known for work that explores the human connection to the natural world, is crafting a new poem dedicated to NASA’s Europa Clipper mission.

A Voice Among the Stars: Poem by U.S. Poet Laureate Ada Limón Will Ride to Europa on NASA Spacecraft

The enormous spacecraft that will head to Jupiter’s moon Europa uses four large reaction wheels to help keep it oriented.

NASA's Europa Clipper Gets Its Wheels for Traveling in Deep Space

The spacecraft will occupy the main production facility of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory as it prepares for its 2024 launch to Jupiter’s moon Europa.

NASA's Europa Clipper Spacecraft Kicks Assembly Into High Gear

Carlisa Drew went from being a commercial electrician to wiring the electrical system for NASA’s Europa Clipper propulsion module. 

Mission Dispatch: Wiring Europa Clipper's Propulsion Module

The agency’s mission to explore Jupiter’s icy moon takes a big step forward as engineers deliver a major component of the spacecraft.

NASA's Europa Clipper Mission Completes Main Body of the Spacecraft

The instrument to measure the surface temperature of Jupiter’s moon Europa has arrived at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 

Europa Clipper's Thermal Imager Delivered to JPL

The MISE team recently achieved a milestone for any telescope: first light.

Mission Dispatch: Imaging Spectrometer's First Light

The instrument collects ultraviolet light with a telescope and creates images to help determine the composition of Europa’s atmospheric gases and surface materials. 

Europa Clipper's Ultraviolet Spectrograph Delivered to JPL

Science instruments and other hardware for the spacecraft will come together in the mission’s final phase before a launch to Jupiter’s icy moon Europa in 2024.

NASA Begins Assembly of Europa Clipper Spacecraft

Here are ten things to know about how Europa Clipper’s instruments will achieve the mission’s science objectives. 

10 Things to Know About Europa Clipper's Science Instruments
Europa Clipper Toy Bricks Model – NASA's Europa Clipper
Europa Clipper Toy Bricks Model – NASA's Europa Clipper

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Europa Clipper Toy Bricks Model

About the Europa Clipper Toy Bricks Model
The Europa Clipper mission has collaborated with the award-winning Mountaineer Area RoboticS (MARS) team to design and build a model of the Europa Clipper spacecraft with toy bricks. (“Toy bricks” refers to plastic interlocking construction toys, such as LEGOs, commonly combined with gears and other parts to represent vehicles, buildings, robots…and spacecraft!)
Middle school and high school students from the MARS team worked on a design under the guidance of physicists, roboticists, engineers, and outreach specialists from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California.
Build Your Own Europa Clipper Toy Bricks Model 
Enjoy this 1/48th scale model of the Europa Clipper spacecraft made out of toy bricks! You can find instructions and a list of parts in the downloadable PDFs. 

Download the Instructional Guide 

Download the Parts List

Share Your Europa Clipper Toy Bricks Model
Have you finished building your Europa Clipper toy bricks model? Feel free to share your creation on social media and tag the Europa Clipper mission using @EuropaClipper on Twitter, @NASAEuropaClipper on Facebook, and @NASASolarSystem on Instagram! 
About the Mountaineer Area Robotics (MARS) Team
The Mountaineer Area RoboticS (MARS) program is committed to advancing STEM education in Appalachia by mentoring kindergarten through undergraduate youth in FIRST (For Inspiration and Recognition of Science and Technology) robotics programs. It works with a dozen FIRST LEGO League teams in north-central West Virginia and operates a high-school program that includes youth from four counties. Of the 30 to 40 high school students who participate in Mountaineer Area Robotics, nearly half were members of FIRST LEGO League teams. Working with the middle and high school students are over 30 adult volunteer mentors, including Mountaineer Area Robotics alumni who are pursuing STEM degrees in higher education. Learn more about the MARS team at http://marsfirst.org.
Vault Plate | Spacecraft – NASA's Europa Clipper
The reverse side of Europa Clipper’s vault plate, featuring a handwritten poem by U.S. Poet Laureate Ada Limón, the Drake Equation handwritten by astrophysicist Frank Drake, a drawing of the Jovian system, a tribute to planetary scientist Ron Greeley, and the radio emission lines known as the ‘Water Hole’. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech 

Tribute to Planetary Scientist Ron Greeley
Tribute to Planetary Scientist Ron Greeley
Ron Greeley (1939–2011) was a founder of the field of planetary science, helping to lay the groundwork for visits to the Moon by the Apollo astronauts. Greeley worked on a broad array planetary science missions, studying the similarities and differences of far-flung landscapes, with fundamental comparisons to Earth. As a member of the Galileo spacecraft imaging team, he led and developed the strategy for imaging Europa. His early efforts to develop a Europa mission beginning two decades ago laid the foundation for the Europa Clipper mission. He mentored many researchers, including some who are now Europa Clipper science team members. This hand-drawn sketch and signature of Ron Greeley carried with the mission to Europa is a reminder of his tireless and inspirational dedication to planetary exploration.
Credits
Credits
Development of the vault plate was managed by Preston Dyches (Senior Public Engagement Specialist) and Dan Goods (Visual Strategist) at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, with support from NASA Creative Director David Rager. 
Additional support for the vault plate design process came from Bob Pappalardo (Europa Clipper Project Scientist), Cynthia Phillips (Europa Clipper Project Staff Scientist), Heather Doyle (Solar System Public Engagement Manager), and Laurance Fauconnet (Europa Clipper Public Engagement Lead) at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory. 
Outward-Facing Side: Water Words
Linguistics researchers Dr. Sheri Wells-Jensen, Dr. Laura Buszard-Welcher, and interstellar message researcher Dr. Doug Vakoch of METI International contributed to the development of this project and collected the recorded languages. The design was created by writer/designer Debbie Millman. Creative collaborators Larry Guterman and Arthur Salvetti contributed the American Sign Language symbol.