vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Judge Kevin M. Seibert Biography | Superior Court of California | County of Tuolumne
He was a partner in the law firm of Downey Brand, LLP from 2000 – 2015 and was a partner at the Stockton law firm of Steinheimer, Riggio, Haydel & Mordaunt from 1990 – 2000 He was elected an Associate Member of the American Board of Trial Advocates in 2014.    
He holds a Juris Doctorate degree from the University of the Pacific, McGeorge School of Law, Sacramento, California, as well as a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Brigham Young University. 
Judge Seibert is a California native.  He has lived in Tuolumne County since 1999. 

 

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Midwest Farmers Using Cover Crops Take Small Yield Hit
Planting cover crops has been found to protect soil, improve soil carbon sequestration, reduce nitrogen and phosphorous runoff, and reduce the need for chemical weed control. But the practice has hindered yields of primary cash crops, a recent study has found. The study, led by NASA Harvest researchers, analyzed the productivity of farm fields across the U.S. Midwest and found that cover crop adoption was associated with an average yield hit of 5.5 percent for corn fields and 3.5 percent for soybean fields.
The map shows the yield impacts for cover crop adoption for corn (maize) fields in 2019 and 2020 in six states: Iowa, Indiana, Missouri, Ohio, Illinois, and Michigan. Red and orange areas on the map show fields with yield reductions in response to cover crop adoption. Yields were reduced the most in dark red areas.
The study identified farm fields which used cover crops for three or more years by using a recently developed dataset of cover crop presence between 2000 to 2021. The dataset fused vegetation greenness data from Landsat and NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) to identify fields using cover crops. Cover crop adoption in the six states has increased fourfold during the past decade, the analysis revealed: from 1.8 percent of total crop acreage in 2011 to 7.2 percent in 2021. 

2000 - 2021JPEG

The researchers then calculated farm-level yields on fields using cover crops, and used a machine learning method to compare those fields to similar fields that went without cover crops. They found that almost all farmers using cover crops for three or more years saw reduced yields compared to those who let the soil lay bare. Yields were especially hindered on corn fields and on drier fields; this may be because cover crops compete with primary crops for water and nutrients.
“I’ve observed similar sentiments among farmers—many things need to go just right to avoid yield impacts, and that’s difficult to do,” said Jillian Deines, lead author of the study and now an earth scientist at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. “This study is a rare, quantitative look at how agricultural conservation practices perform in the real-world, versus in tightly controlled experimental plots,” Deines added.
2001 Budget Analysis: Department of Finance (8860)
As a result of its investigation, DOF proposed the elimination of 1,736 positions in 2000-01.
The DOF Conducts Second Vacancy Report. Between July and October 2000, DOF conducted a second vacancy study which examined budgets in 50 departments. The findings from the
second DOF study, also summarized in Figure 1, were presented to the Legislature in January 2001.

Figure 1

Findings From DOF Vacancy Reports

Reason Position Vacant

Percent of Positions
 Reported Vacant

 

Spring 2000 Report

January 2001 Report

Salary savings

47%

47%

Meet higher salary cost

18

20

Fund overtime

15

16

Cover federal funds shortfall

11

7

Other purposes

9

10

Totals

100%

100%

The data confirmed the earlier findings that departments are meeting their day-to-day operating needs—such as paying employee salaries and covering federal fund shortfalls—by holding
positions vacant. In addition, the DOF reported it would abolish an additional 837 vacant positions in 2001-02.
The DOF Has Taken Some Steps to Address Vacancy and Under-Funding Issues. As a result of the Legislature's focus on this issue, the DOF has eliminated positions (as discussed
earlier) and taken some steps to fund activities that previously had been unfunded. For example, DOF has allowed departments to budget new positions at midstep instead of first step, where
appropriate. Others, such as the Department of Social Services, have received funding for MSAs in the proposed 2001-02 budget plan. The administration has also funded department costs
for various salary adjustments resulting from collective bargaining agreements. These are positive steps that should reduce pressure on some departments to leave positions vacant for budget
balancing purposes. We would note, however, these steps have been selectively applied, making it difficult for the Legislature to ascertain how much "forced" salary savings for budgetary
purposes remains.
What Additional Steps Can the Administration Take? We believe there are additional steps the administration could take to address the vacancy and under-funding issues. Some of these
2024 Public Comments to Preliminary Applications
This agency is dependent on these grants, so please approve them. Greg Weirick - 5/5/2024

My comments/input apply to the requests made for the South portion of the INF’s Grant Request. As a CA Green Sticker vehicle owner/user and a landowner in the South portion of the Inyo NF I am supportive of the Inyo’s OHV Grant request. However, after reviewing their request I find several potential errors in their request. Their request (pg. 9: 1 Staff 2.) to increase the GS level of the OHV Techs to a GS-7 level is valid as they have not been able to staff the Monache Meadow area for over 5+ years. The bulk, if not all, of the OHV activity in their “South Zone” is within the Monache Meadow area. Their proposal to have 2 OHV Techs in this area would be welcomed by ALL property owners and Range Permitees as this area has been over run and abused by OHV Users coming in from the Sequoia NF to the south of Monache . The Inyo NF request in Staff Line Item 1. 2 (pg.9). appears to be over stated. Their request is for 2,078 man-hours, which is equivalent to 1 man-year. Assuming their proposal to assign 2 OHV Techs, that would equate to a 6-month duty cycle. In the past, although many years ago, their typical presence has only been June thru Sept – 4 months. - I recommend this request be reduced to actual needs. Their request for “Per Diem” is incorrectly stated (pg. 16 Others 1). Their request is for 200 hours at a $/hr. Per Diem is usually stated as $/day. As Monache is a remote site/assignment this is an appropriate request if stated correctly. ADDITIONAL COMMENT: In the past the INF Monache OHV patrol has used overnight lodging at the Blackrock Fire Station of the Sequoia National Forest. The Inyo National Forest OWNS or has ACCESS to 3 cabins in the Monache Meadow Area.
LGBTQ Val-Kill - Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)
The narrative at Val-Kill continued without recognition or exploration of Eleanor Roosevelt’s emotional and erotic life. Any resemblance of passion in the life of Eleanor was reserved for clichés—she was admired as an outspoken stateswoman who loved all people, championing their civil or human rights.
Eleanor’s romantic affection was not limited to women. Her relationships with two younger men—Earl Miller and David Gurewitsch—were also among the most important of her life. Eleanor’s son, James, believed “there may have been one real romance in mother’s life outside of marriage. Mother may have had an affair with Earl Miller.” Without any surviving documents to characterize the precise nature of her relationship with Miller, it remains a mystery. In later years, friends referred to rumors that Eleanor wanted to leave FDR after his election to the presidency and marry Earl. Later, there was David Gurewitsch. Over the fifteen years she knew him, Gurewitsch was Eleanor’s friend, confidant, personal physician, traveling companion, and the object of an intense romantic affection. Among the hundreds of personal letters between them, many reveal the longing and tender, unrequited love of an aging woman in the twilight of her life.
The absence of this history at Val-Kill has been a long-standing concern for LGBTQ people and scholars. The ambiguity of evidence, as is often the case with historic LGBTQ lives, has been championed as a rationale for denying the history. Today, a broader, more rich understanding of Val-Kill’s significance and meaning has benefited from LGBTQ scholarship and biographies published over the past twenty-five years.
LGBTQ people are defined almost exclusively by their sexuality and gender expression usually marked by others as deviant behavior. Thus, historians tended to obscure this aspect of famous LGBTQ lives. But to ignore it, is in effect rewriting history by leaving out important aspects of their lives. Why should we care to know anything about Eleanor Roosevelt’s intimate life? Eleanor tells us herself, in a letter she wrote to Gurewitsch in 1948:
Internal Revenue Bulletin: 2008-12 | Internal Revenue Service
Finally, the court rejected the argument that light-duty trucks are acquired by the same class of consumers and are used interchangeably for the same purposes as cars. “While economy and light-duty trucks are certainly closer to automobiles than are heavy-duty trucks, and it is always difficult to draw a fine line, we believe that smaller trucks have more in common with other types of trucks than they do with [cars]. In any event, if light-duty trucks are a hybrid, they are far from fully interchangeable with [cars]. The line is difficult to draw, but is more appropriately drawn between trucks and cars than between different classes of trucks.” 76 T.C. at 726. In Richardson Investments, the Tax Court, citing Fox Chevrolet as controlling authority, rejected a Ford dealer’s argument that it may assign cars and trucks to a single “transportation” pool. Noting that this taxpayer did not include used vehicles and recreational vehicles in the same pool, the court also noted that Ford Motor Company’s advertising campaign distinguished between the commercial nature of Ford trucks (“built tough”) and the personal nature of Ford Granadas (“look and ride like a Mercedes”). .11 The Treasury Department and the Internal Revenue Service recognize that the distinctions between cars and light-duty trucks have diminished significantly since Fox Chevrolet and Richardson Investments were decided. For example, during the 1970s, most cars were purchased to transport people for personal purposes, and most trucks were purchased to transport property for business purposes. Today, however, manufacturers advertise that their light-duty trucks offer the ride, handling, and amenities of cars plus the additional seating and cargo capacity that larger families need to transport themselves and their personal-use property. Furthermore, people do not need a special operator’s license to drive light-duty trucks on highways. Moreover, the distinctions between cars and light-duty trucks that existed during the 1970s have been reduced significantly by the creation of “crossover” vehicles, which share some characteristics of both cars and light-duty trucks (e.g., SUVs, minivans, and similar vehicles, formerly denoted as “hybrid”). Because of these changes, sales of light-duty trucks have greatly increased relative to sales of cars.
Mars - NASA Science
It’s the only planet we know of inhabited entirely by robots.All About MarsRead MoreSmall WorldMars is 53% smaller than Earth.Fourth RockMars is 1.52 AU from the Sun. Earth = 1.More TimeA Martian day is a little longer than Earth's; a Mars year is almost two Earth years.Rocky PlanetMars' surface has been altered by volcanoes, impacts, winds, and crustal movement.Bring a SpacesuitMars' atmosphere is mostly carbon dioxide, argon, and nitrogen.Two MoonsPhobos and Deimos are small compared to the planet.RinglessMars has no rings.Many MissionsThe first success was NASA's Mariner 4 flyby in 1965,The Search for LifeMissions are determining Mars' past and future potential for life.The Red PlanetIron minerals in the Martian soil oxidize, or rust, causing the soil and atmosphere to look red.Mars OverviewMars is no place for the faint-hearted. It’s dry, rocky, and bitter cold. The fourth planet from the Sun, Mars, is one of Earth's two closest planetary neighbors (Venus is the other). Mars is one of the easiest planets to spot in the night sky – it looks like a bright red point of light.Despite being inhospitable to humans, robotic explorers – like NASA's Perseverance rover – are serving as pathfinders to eventually get humans to the surface of the Red Planet.Why Do We Go?Mars is one of the most explored bodies in our solar system, and it's the only planet where we've sent rovers to explore the alien landscape. NASA missions have found lots of evidence that Mars was much wetter and warmer, with a thicker atmosphere, billions of years ago.Explore with UsEarth-Mars Comparison: This composite image, from NASA Galileo and Mars Global Survey orbiters, of Earth and Mars was created to allow viewers to gain a better understanding of the relative sizes of the two planets.JPLMars Relay NetworkUnable to render the provided sourceSee the current, past, and future communication between Mars orbiters, Mars landers and rovers, using real data from the Mars missions themselves.
The White House
Additional aid from the U.S. and other countries continues to arrive in Cyprus, where it will be loaded onto ships for delivery via the pier.

In recent days, there has also been progress in the number of trucks entering Gaza via the land crossings. Yesterday, over 360 trucks moved into Gaza. Between April 5 and May 16, an average of 176 trucks entered Gaza daily. We know that is nowhere near enough and much more lifesaving aid is needed.

The pier is a temporary solution to surge humanitarian assistance to Gaza to meet urgent needs. Even with the surge in aid made possible by this pier, the U.S. will continue to work with Israel to further increase the amount of lifesaving aid getting into Gaza via land – because innocent civilians should never go without food, water, medicine, shelter, sanitation, or other basic necessities.

 

	Class of 2024, you made it to commencement – to a new beginning.	

 

	Last night, we welcomed guests to the White House in honor of Jewish American Heritage Month and celebrated the rich heritage and legacy of Jewish Americans who enrich every part of American life.	

 

	Infrastructure Decade has a nice ring to it.	

 

	NEW: 200 federal judges have now been confirmed under President Biden.	

NEW: 200 federal judges have now been confirmed under President Biden.

Of the 200 confirmations, 64% are women and 62% are people of color.

Our Administration is committed to nominating diverse judges who are committed to the rule of law.

 

	There’s no greater responsibility of government than ensuring the safety of the American people and those who sacrifice to protect us all.	

Our nation’s police officers run toward danger when others run away from it.

You run toward cries of help, knowing you can offer it.

There’s no greater responsibility of government than ensuring the safety of the American people and those who sacrifice to protect us all.

 

	After I signed the PACT Act into law, I handed the pen to the widow and daughter of the late Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson.	

After I signed the PACT Act into law, I handed the pen to the widow and daughter of the late Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson.

They fought for years to see it passed.

A family that suffered the greatest loss turned its pain into purpose to help others.
Rising car prices means more auto loan debt | Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
While the chip shortage has caused new cars to grow more expensive, the price increase of used cars has been sharper. Data show that the CPI for used cars and trucks increased 40 percent since January 2021 while the CPI for new cars increased 12 percent. As car prices continue to rise, loan amounts are rising, and loan lengths are growing to make those larger loans seem affordable.As a result, we expect that both the total amount of debt and the average loan size will continue to increase and that larger car loans will put increased pressure on some consumers’ budgets for much of the next decade. Auto loans are already the third largest consumer credit market in the United States at over $1.4 trillion outstanding , double the amount from 10 years ago and expected to grow further. We are also concerned that current high auto prices, especially for used cars, might create incentives for lenders to repossess cars more quickly than would have occurred before.For many, their car or truck is essential to get to work or to do their work. Therefore, as the economic recovery continues, we will focus on ensuring a fair, transparent, and competitive auto lending market in the following ways.Ensuring affordable credit for auto loansWhen loans are affordable, consumers can repay the loan and continue to use their car. When loans are made at the edge of (or beyond) a consumer’s ability to repay, any economic disruption in the consumer’s life can result in repossession. Given the increase in loan amounts, the rising length of loan terms, and the uncertainty around the ongoing economic recovery, we will be closely monitoring lender practices and consumer outcomes. In particular, we continue to evaluate lending structures where lenders seem to rely on high interest rates and fees to profit even when consumers fail.We are also concerned about loan-to-value (LTV) ratios in the auto loan market. While LTV ratios have dropped in the past year for consumers who already had cars due to high used vehicle prices, LTVs were climbing prior to the global vehicle shortage. We expect that trend to resume once price pressures abate. We will continue to monitor the market as pricing issues persist.Monitoring practices in auto loan servicing and collectionsThe current economic recovery is uneven, and some consumers have been hit harder economically due to the pandemic.
CDFW Guidelines for Public Records Act Requests

Personnel, medical, or similar files, the disclosure of which would constitute an unwarranted invasion of privacy.
Records relating to investigations conducted for law enforcement purposes.
Contents of real estate appraisals relative to the acquisition of property, until all of the property has been acquired.
Records that are privileged under the California Evidence Code, including but not limited to attorney-client communications and attorney work product.
Records the disclosure of which is prohibited by federal or state law.
Correspondence from or to the Governor's Office, or in the custody of or maintained by the Governor's Legal Affairs Secretary.

The PRA also allows agencies to withhold records that do not fall within a specific exemption if the public interest served by not disclosing the record clearly outweighs the public interest served by disclosure.
Employees who are uncertain about whether records are exempt from disclosure should consult with the Office of the General Counsel. Any person may challenge a decision to withhold documents by seeking injunctive or declarative relief in any court of competent jurisdiction, although they are encouraged, but not required, to consult with the Office of General Counsel prior to doing so.

What are "Public Records"?

The PRA broadly defines “public records” to include all written and recorded records in CDFW, the Fish and Game Commission (FGC) and the Wildlife Conservation Board's (WCB) possession, unless the PRA or other law exempts the records from disclosure. Printed and photocopied documents, internal and external correspondence, handwritten notes, computer data, electronic files, and audio and video recordings are all public records subject to disclosure unless they fall within an exemption. The PRA provides for public access to non-exempt records CDFW, FGC and WCB generate, as well as records created by others that they have in their possession.
The PRA provides for the disclosure of existing identifiable records. CDFW, FGC and WCB are not required to prepare new records in response to a request, or to compile, synthesize, summarize, or index information or records in a form that does not exist at the time of the request.

I’m seeking documents from the Wildlife Conservation Board, so why am I using this CDFW site?
Bill Text - AB-132 Postsecondary education trailer bill.
The level of funding shall be adjusted to include a basic allocation based on the number of colleges and comprehensive centers in the district consistent with the basic allocation rates used in the 2017–18 fiscal year.(3) (A) From the 2019–20 fiscal year to the 2025–26 fiscal year, inclusive, for the San Francisco Community College District and the Compton Community College District, the rates for computing the hold harmless provisions pursuant to paragraphs (1) and (2) shall be multiplied each year by the cost-of-living adjustment identified in the annual Budget Act and adjusted for increases to FTES.
	The level of funding for the San Francisco Community College District and the Compton Community College District shall be adjusted to include a basic allocation based on the number of colleges and comprehensive centers in the district consistent with the basic allocation rates used in the 2017–18 fiscal year multiplied by the 2018–19 fiscal year cost-of-living adjustment, and adjusted for changes in the cost-of-living in subsequent annual budget acts. The intent of these adjustments is to provide the San Francisco Community College District and the Compton Community College District with the greater of the amount that would have been calculated pursuant to the requirements of Section 84750.5, as that section read on January 1, 2018, adjusted for annual changes in the cost-of-living adjustment identified in the annual Budget Act and adjusted for increases in FTES, or the amount computed pursuant to the funding formula established in this section.(B) For purposes of computing the FTES attributable to this paragraph and subdivision (d), for seven fiscal years beginning in the 2017–18 fiscal year, the San Francisco Community College District shall be entitled to restoration of any reduction in apportionment revenue due to decreases in FTES, up to the level of attendance of FTES funded in the 2012–13 fiscal year, if there is a subsequent increase in FTES.