vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
"Your question indicates that you might have a little confusion about put options and/or leveraging.  There's no sense I'm aware of in which purchasing a put levers a position.  Purchasing a put will cost you money up front.  Leveraging typically means entering a transaction that gives you extra money now that you can use to buy other things.  If you meant to sell a put, that will make money up front but there is no possibility of making money later.  Best case scenario the put is not exercised.  The other use of the term ""leverage"" refers to purchasing an asset that, proportionally, goes up faster than the value of the underlying.  For example, a call option. If you purchase a put, you are buying downside protection, which is kind of the opposite of leverage.  Notice that for an American put you will most likely be better off selling the put when the price of the underlying falls than exercising it.  That way you make the money you would have made by exercising plus whatever optional value the put still contains.  That is true unless the time value of money is greater than the optional (insurance) value.  Since the time value of money is currently exceptionally low, this is unlikely.  Anyway, if you sell the option instead of exercising, you don't need to own any shares at all.  Even if you do exercise, you can just buy them on the market and sell right away so I wouldn't worry about what you happen to be holding. The rules for what you can trade with a cash instead of a margin account vary by broker, I think.  You can usually buy puts and calls in a cash account, but more advanced strategies, such as writing options, are prohibited.  Ask your broker or check their help pages to see what you have available to you."
Try to find out (online) what 'the experts' think about your stock. Normally, there are some that advise you to sell, some to hold and some to buy. Hold on to your stock when most advise you to buy, otherwise, just sell it and get it over with. A stock's estimated value depends on a lot of things, the worst of these are human emotions... People buy with the crowd and sell on panic. Not something you should want to do.  The 'real' value of a stock depends on assets, cash-flow, backlog, benefits, dividends, etc. Also, their competitors, the market position they have, etc. So, once you have an estimate of how much the stock is 'worth', then you can buy or sell according to the market value. Beware of putting all your eggs in one basket. Look at what happened to Arthur Andersen, Lehman Brothers, Parmalat, Worldcom, Enron, etc.
It all boils down to this: If you don't have a record of what you own before a fire happens, you can't get it after the fire happens. The more records you have, the better.  Proof of sales price.  Proof of authenticity.  Condition.  Quantity.  If you have to prove value, you'll be glad you have the records. It makes sense also to see what kind of things are not covered.  Is art covered?  How about coins or jewelry?  A stamp collection?  Antiques?  If replacing these kinds of things is important to you, then make sure you (a) have insurance for it, and (b) can demonstrate its value with your records (purchase receipt, appraisal, etc.)
&gt;Would you take on somebody if you seriously thought this was going to happen? Would any small enterprise ever hire anyone? Equality is a nice idea but it will stifle small and slow growing businesses to the point where the only way to get started will be to take a big loan. And that is not in the interests of the economy at large.  Don't worry, there is a large number of people out there who, if they get their way, would make it illegal not to hire these people. I'm all for workers' rights, but once the pendulum swings so far in favor of the employee that it becomes detrimental to hire them unemployment is going to go up.
"Nonsense. I am not saying the Elon and Tesla are perfect, but all companies have delays. Especially those inventing things nobody did before them.  And some companies have production capacity issues. Especially those experiencing super high demand on their products. Big deal!  Tesla got 0.5 million pre-orders. With approx 2-3 years of waiting time, and people had to pay 1000 USD upfront, out of their pockets. And they did.  Tesla is seeing an extreme demand for their high-priced product. Every entrepreneur and enterprise would love to be in Musk's shoes.   **So, delayed deliveries and shaking liquidity should be considered only ""logistics"" issues, not ""will he fail!"" discussion.**"
"These are all virtual meetings.   The reasons are varied. For a lot of the best people, they are simply too busy to be that proactive - they are constantly in fire fighting mode, but want to be involved and help, so they dial in, and multitask. I get that, but in the end it is a poor use of everyone's time and focus.    I try and suggest things to people like booking time on their calendars for catching up on paperwork or emails (and avoiding all day meetings), but in the end I have no control on how they manage their time and work.   My peers are also at fault in that - there are way too many managers that think any topic over three emails must have a meeting, or have massive meetings every week just to read a powerpoint.    I would love to have some enterprise rules on meetings, like - ""meetings should only be between 9-11, 1-4."" Or ""no more than 10 people per meeting,"" - think about the per hour cost of a 30 person meeting."
I agree that college doesn't or shouldn't have to be all about job prep.   However, the caveat I will add is that if you go into DEBT for your education, you should certainly be thinking about the economic value your education can provide you.   The last point about subsidized college being cheaper than the current system.. I don't know.. I'd have to see these reports you speak of, and who made them, and for what incentive.  At the end of the day though, these findings are all moot unless we can have a conversation about the hyperinflation in college costs directly related to 'free' aka subsidized education.
If you want to look at it in terms of the public markets, turnarounds in PE are essentially levered value investments. It is likely that you aren't going to change the business much, but are actually just buying an out-of-favor business and waiting on the industry to bounce back.  Hmm, that sucks. Not nearly as cool as what I was thinking PE was about =/
Value investing is just an investment strategy, it's an alternative to technical investing. Buffet made money picking stocks.  It's not obvious how that adds value, but it does. Everything about the stock market is ultimately about IPOs. Without active trading, of stocks after issue, no one would buy at the IPO.  The purpose of an IPO is to finance the long-term growth of a business, which is the point in the process where the value to the people gets created.  There is a group of elites that needs to be dealt with, you're correct, but I worry that your definition of this group is overly broad.
Assuming US,but the principles apply in many (not all) places: If the bills are legitimate and issued by the federal government, they're legal tender and you can spend or deposit them. Old bills, especially silver certificates,  may be worth more than their face value to collectors (or may not).  Bills issued by banks, by the confederate states, or something like that have only collector's value (which will vary depending on exactly what they are and their condition). The value of money from another country will depend on the issuing country and exchange rates, of course. There's nothing wrong with windfall cash. The IRS may ask some nosy questions about it to make sure you aren't trying to hide something, but if you aren't deliberately trying to cheat them or hide something illegal that's generally harmless at worst.
There are software programs out there to do an inventory, but I haven't used them.  My wife works for an insurance company, and they have forms and specific documentation for your valuable things.  You certainly know what your big ticket items are.  For myself, I simply use my video camera and walk around the house as if I was taking a walking tour.  On the way I describe what is in each cupboard and chat about it.  If I have any idea of what it cost I say so, otherwise I don't Then I upload the video to a website I own for safe keeping.  (I have never looked at the videos a second time or told my insurance company about them.)  I don't really have much in the way of expensive items.  Mostly I take a video of my computers, electronics and my wife's jewelry box. The big point is to get an idea of what is in each room if my house burns down.  The video is supposed to make it easy for me to review and remember should a tragedy happen and I need to justify costs to my insurance company.   From my understanding, they will replace the value of the contents of my home up to a certainly value, regardless of what it is.  So I just want a quick list.
"Fair enough. FB extends out quite a bit from its core as billing software, but I don't know if it'd do the kind of inventory management you want. SAP, on the other hand, is as pricey as it is because it's *powerful* and ""enterprise ready"" ... probably way more than you need (or enough rope to hang yourself with, as they say). I wonder if the best solution might be to hire a competent contractor to fix / upgrade whatever your current system is lacking.   I still recommend taking FreshBooks for a test run; it might just do the trick for you. Care to elaborate on why you're looking to replace the 10-year-old custom solution you've got?"
&gt;$1,000 worth of electricity to generate  The cost of Bitcoin always tracks the price of Bitcoin.   There is a fixed amount of Bitcoin available to be mined every day.  The cost to mine bitcoin rises because of competition (they increase the difficulty of the problems to maintain a fixed supply of Bitcoin).  The electricity cost to mine Bitcoin is directly related to the amount of miners, which is directly related to the current cost of Bitcoin. More people want to mine when the price is high.  If you really think about it, what you are really saying is that the intrinsic value of bitcoin is the value of Bitcoin. Its a completely circular mirage.
Sigh... this is what irritates me about democrats. They say that they are scared that African Americans are not going to have good enough access to healthier foods and they want to impede on the market. African Americans have just the same opportunities as any other race, so why is that an issue?  So then they go further saying that a higher percentage of minorities are at the lower income range. My answer is free market competition. The more competition, the higher output of innovation and value the market produces. This lowers prices while increasing value.  Not trying to get too political, but I really think we should keep the chains off of business and let them innovate
Through the simple act of cancelling her $99.99 order, Alice is once again casting a vote that she no longer thinks that's AAPL's fair value. She is (very slightly) altering the collective opinion of the entire market as to what a share of AAPL is worth. And if her cancellation then frees her up to place another order closer to her perceived fair value (say, at $100.00), then that's another vote for her honest optinion about AAPL's price. Since the whole goal of the market is to get a bunch of particpants to figure out the fair value of some financial instrument (or commodity, or smart phone, or advertising time, etc.), cancellations of honest votes from the past in order to replace them with new, better-informed honest votes in the present can only be a good thing for the market's effectiveness and perceived effectiveness. It's only when participants start sending non-honest votes (non bona fide orders) that things start to go off the rails. That's what @DumbCoder was referring to in his comment on your original question."
One reason this happens is due to dividends. If the dividend amount is greater than the time value left on a call, it can make sense to exercise early to collect the dividend.  Deep in the money puts also may get exercised early. There's usually little premium on a deep in the money put and the spread on the bid-ask might erase what little premium there is. If you have stock worth $5,000 but own puts on them that will give you $50,000 upon exercise (and no spread to worry about), the interest you can gain on the $50k might be more than the little to no time value left on the position... even at several weeks to expiration.
Rails: http://www.cuppadev.co.uk/dev/double-entry-accounting-in-rails/ Joda-Money: http://joda-money.sourceforge.net/ Joda-Money Notes: http://joda-money.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/joda-money/JodaMoney/trunk/Notes.txt?revision=75&view=markup Blog entry with good comments: http://www.jroller.com/scolebourne/entry/joda_money Related Blog Entry: http://www.jroller.com/scolebourne/entry/serialization_shared_delegates JMoney: http://jmoney.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Main_Page JMoney QIF Plugin: http://jmoney.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/Qif_plug-in Ledger on GitHub: https://github.com/jwiegley/ledger/tree/master/src/ Implementing Money class in Java: http://www.objectivelogic.com/resources/Java%20and%20Monetary%20Data/Java%20and%20Monetary%20Data.pdf Martin Fowler's implementation in Patterns of Enterprise Application Architecture page 489, View partial content in Google Books: http://books.google.com/books?id=FyWZt5DdvFkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Patterns+of+Enterprise+Application+Architecture&source=bl&ots=eEFp4xYydA&sig=96x5ER64m5ryiLnWOgGMKgAsDnw&hl=en&ei=Kr_wTP6UFJCynweEpajyCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CEQQ6AEwBg#v=onepage&q&f=false XML based API for an accounting service, might get some ideas from it: http://www.objacct.com/Platform.aspx
I know you've already lost interest, but i just wanted to respond to this:  &gt;money is a store of value  No, it is not. Money is a very poor store of value. Money is intended as a means to transfer value from one to another.   &gt;You appear to be afraid of what would happen if people were allowed to voluntarily choose what money to use, without government interference.  I repeatedly encouraged you to use alternative currencies, i don't know where you get this from.
Bid and ask prices of stocks change not just daily, but continuously.  They are, as the names suggest, what price people are asking for to be willing to sell their stock, and how much people are bidding to be willing to buy it at that moment. Your equation is accurate in theory, but doesn't actually apply.  The bid and ask prices are indicators of the value of the stock, but the only think you care about as a trader are what you actually pay and sell it for.  So regardless of the bid/ask the equation is: Since you cannot buy an index directly (index, like indicator) it doesn't make sense to discuss how much people are bidding or asking for it.  Like JoeTaxpayer said, you can buy (and therefore bid/ask) for ETFs and funds that attempt to track the value of the S&P 500.
Couple of thoughts...  Opposition research is valuable to campaigns.  They spend millions of dollars developing it.  So it definitely has value.  I don't believe it has to be cash or equivalents to be illegal.  Foreign governments could just buy air time for candidates.  It's the same thing.  Don Jr may *not* have actually gotten anything of value.   That is uncertain.  No one knows what happened in the room.  He *did* demonstrate an intent to get that thing, and collude in the process.   We don't know, so that's why you investigate.  It's entirely possible that Don Jr tried to collude, but failed.    I also think there's reason for suspicion about the content of the meeting.  First it was about adoption.  Then it was something else (I can't remember the exact timeline of explanations).  If it was innocuous, there would have been one unchanging story.
Sure, they put millions into developing it, but how much value would you assign information passed between two parties if no money changed hands afterwards? How would you concretely define the transaction in court? Especially since the substance of the information itself is completely unverified!  &gt; That is uncertain.  All of these allegations are uncertain! There's no evidence, (edit) no (\edit) concrete foundation to any of it. He spent 20 minutes in a room with a Russian.  &gt; He did demonstrate an intent to get that thing  What he demonstrated was the desire of any campaign employee, to gather opposition research.  What concrete value does a piece of information have, however potentially damaging, if it goes unused?  Between the gathering of the information and its use, there is an approval process that must be undergone to determine whether the information should be used passed. What evidence do you have that information was passed, that it cleared Trumps desk, and was used?   For that matter, what evidence exists that Don Jr isn't telling the truth about what was discussed? That the lawyer did want to speak only about adoption law? She was an assistant DA for crying out loud. High government secrets are simply not within her scope.  The media has had a continuous stream of consciousness about Trump from the start. First he's a robber barron, then he's a baffoon, then he's a racist, next he's a tyrant, then he's a spy, now he's a racist again. Their story's changed so many times it's impossible to keep proper track.
I estimated that the mean expected cash value of a $ 1.00 MegaMillions ticket in the July 5, 2016 drawing was about $ 1.23 = $ 0.18 consolation prizes + 258,890,850:1 chance of winning part of a cash jackpot that increased from about $ 289.6 million to about $ 313.3 million. I estimated that the mean expected cash value of a $ 2.00 Powerball ticket in the January 13, 2016 drawing was about $ 1.65.  I estimated this as follows: 17.= (9).          Chance of another roll-over:       15.4 %    .    (about two-thirteenths).   This estimate does not take taxes into account.  (There are ways to minimize the tax bill.)  And of course, almost 96% of tickets win nothing. Notes: . . Updated for July 5, 2016 MegaMillions draw.
The thing about business is, it isn't engineering, medicine, or law. What value does inventing a whole other language add? When it's a shortcut, fine, but too often these phrases sprout up because MBAs want everyone to think they know something arcane and precious, and that's when cliches are a symptom of obfuscation, something engineers, doctors, and lawyers are certainly guilty of, albeit with more justification.
My motivation was to see what other people thought. I know I have my own bias so I would rather see what other people thought.   One of the points I took from Ferguson was that money not being used is less valuable than money being used. In that sense a bank creates real value in an economy by allocating money to people who need it at a specific moment from those who do not need it at that moment.  I see so many threads and comments on reddit about how banks are purely evil institutions that have no benefit to society so I guess I just hoped to see some insight from the finance community, but also to see a discussion about banking from people with opposing opinions.  Thanks!
There's a cool calculator at Money Chimp that lets you plug in a start and end year and see what the compound annual growth rate of the S&P 500.  The default date range of 1871 through 2010 gives a rate of 8.92% for example. Something you need to take into account when comparing returns to a whole life policy is what happens to the cash value in your policy when you die.  Many of these policies are written so that your beneficiaries only get the face value of the policy, and the insurance company keeps the cash value.
government regulations are and have been killing off American enterprise, e.g.  The Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) is divided into **50 titles** representing broad areas subject to Federal regulation. Each Title is divided into chapters that are assigned to agencies issuing regulations pertaining to that broad subject area. Each chapter is divided into parts and each part is then divided into sections -- the basic unit of the CFR.  Those interested in a specific topic, such as Telecommunications, need only purchase a specific volume or groups of volumes that pertain to the desired topic.   A full set of the CFR consists of approximately **200 volumes**. The approximately 200 CFR volumes are revised at least once a year on a quarterly basis as follows:  [full link is here](http://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/laws-regulations/code-federal-regulations-cfrs-print)
diamonds are intrinsically worthless -- and therefore have quite little resale value It may be true that De Beers has a near monopoly on diamond supply, but they are still a scarce resource, so their supply is still very limited.  They do have resale value - that's one reason why diamond jewelry is stolen so often. There's just not a huge secondary market for diamonds that I know of (unlike cars, for example).  You can sell diamond jewelry at pawn shops or online brokers, but you probably only get a fraction of their retail value. They are not intrinsically worthless.  They do have value in the industrial sector as powerful cutters, although synthetic diamonds are much more prevalent in this market.  Their value in industry is much lower than their worth as jewelry. Think about gold - it does not have a monopolic supplier but it still has a relatively very high value.
Although this is off-topic since it is about economics I'm going to write a short answer in case it is decided that it is on topic. I will remove this if it gets migrated. The key to why printing extra money causes inflation and a change in exchange rate has nothing at all to do with whether or not it is announced or done in secret. The quantity of money in circulation (by whichever measure) is what informs the value of the currency not whether you tell people that it has changed or not. Announcing it should increase the volatility somewhat around the time of the announcement but the long term effects will be the same no matter what. Whether or not they announce it printing more money will mean that there is more in circulation which will reduce the value of each unit of the currency by the dilution amount which in turn will increase inflation and decrease the exchange rate.
What would they be trying to predict?  The value YNAB and Mint provide is objective truth about what you've spent. They can force you to think about the tradeoffs inherent in budgeting by showing that you've overspent one category, and making you decide where to find the money to cover it. They can call your attention to a credit card swipe that's larger than you intended, to a subscription you didn't intend to keep, etc. by just generally getting you to read and think about your transaction history and the sums of transactions per category and overall. Prediction doesn't really enter into it. One way to understand Mint's business model is as a service that collects training data for machine learning models that do try to predict things, such as how stock prices will move or whether users will click on certain ads.
Setting a precedence with demands at the beginning should not be undervalued. Agreed that you emphasize long term value but establishing your requests ( not in demand form) also plays into your long term value because it is retribution to what you offer.