vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Special rate is 8% a year, main rate is 18%, and First year allowance is essentially 100%. Then, you look at the Work out what you can claim article. That talks you through the steps. I'll go through your example. You would have a pool for your car, which would end the account period before you bought the vehicle at zero (step 1). You then add the value of the car in the period you bought it (Step 2). You would reduce the value of the pool if you dispose of it in the same year (Step 3). Because the car is worth less than £1,000 (see the section on ""If you have £1,000 or less in your pool""), you would normally be able to claim the whole value of the pool (the value of the car) in the first accounting period, and reduce the value of the pool to zero. As you use the car for personal use, you only claim 95% of the value, but still reduce the pool to zero. See the section on ""Items you use outside your business"". This £1000 is adjusted if your accounting period lasts more or less than 12 months. Once the pool is down to zero that it you don't need to think about it any more for tax purposes, apart from if you are claiming other motoring expenses, or if you sell it. It gets more complicated if the car is more expensive. I'll go through an example for a car worth £2,000. Then, after Step 3, on the year of purchase, you would reduce the value of the pool by 8%, and claim 95% of the reduction. This would be a 160 reduction, and 95%*160 = 152 claim, leaving the value of 1860 in the pool. You then follow the same steps for the next year, start with 1840 in the pool, reduce the value by 8%, then claim 95% of the reduction. This continues until you sell or dispose of the car (Step 3), or the value of the pool is 1000 or less, then you claim all of it in that year. Selling the car, or disposing of the car is discussed in the Capital allowances when you sell an asset article.
There's no magic. Usually these models set out to replace 60-65% of your gross income in retirement.  For example, if you: You'll retire with about $850k. That will let you generate an income stream of around 55k for your expected lifespan. Is 15% the right answer for you? No idea -- it depends on what you want, how you invest, and what you can afford.
&gt; Then I'll pay for those services as I use them. Not before. except for the fact that you need them set up before you use them  &gt;It's not cheaper for me. I don't have kids, no public school. I work from home, no commuting. It's a lose/lose scenario for me.  think about it as an investment in the future for when you do need it, and those kids skills.  &gt;I work for the government. Many of the government services are valuable. It's just seems more logical to pay for them as you use them, like every single other business works.  good luck getting the cashflow with that sorta system to work  &gt;Even more reason to test the experiment. Let's give it a try and see what happens. I'm sure I'll be fine.  the experiment was conducted for hundreds of years it didn't work so we changed it, and then it worked a lot better, if you try that experiment we know it was fail.  &gt;Actually you don't. You just want free shit like everyone else.  honestly I do understand and I also believe in limits to what we expect the Gov to do, but the current rhetoric around it is just stupid, read Bill Clinton's last book it goes into a lot of detail around it.  Now here is something I want you to think about.  A truck causes 50X more damage to the roads than a car does, so according to you a truck should pay 50X the road tax of a car, now after this happens how much more will you be paying for your goods, but thats alright you save a little on your road tax.
I agree with the advice given, but I'll add another angle from which to look at it. It sounds like you are already viewing the money used to either pay off the loan early or invest in the market as an investment, which is great. You are wise to think about opportunity cost, but like others pointed out, you are overlooking the risk factor. The way I would look at this is: I could take a guaranteed 6.4% return by paying off the loan or a possible 7% return by investing the money.  If the risk pays off modestly, all you've done is earned 0.6%, with a huge debt still hanging over you. Personally, I would take the guaranteed 6.4% return by paying off the debt, then invest in the stock market. Now this is looking at the investment as a single, atomic pool of money.  But you can split it up a bit.  Let's say the amount of extra disposable income you want to invest with is $1,000/mo.  Then you could pay an extra $500/mo to your student loan and invest the other $500 in  the stock market, or do a 400/600 split, or whatever suits your risk tolerance. You mentioned multiple loans and 6.4% is the highest loan.  What I would do, based on what I value personally, is put every extra penny into paying off the 6.4% loan because that is high.  Once that is done, if the next loan is 4% of less, then split my income between paying extra to it and investing in the market. Remember, with each loan you pay off, the monthly income that previously went to it is now available, and can be used for the next loan or the other goals.
I'm not entirely sure about some of the details in your question, since I think you meant to use $10,000 as the value of the futures contract and $3 as the value of the underlying stock. Those numbers would make more sense. That being said, I can give you a simple example of how to calculate the profit and loss from a leveraged futures contract. For the sake of simplicity, I'll use a well-known futures contract: the E-mini S&P500 contract. Each E-mini is worth $50 times the value of the S&P 500 index and has a tick size of 0.25, so the minimum price change is 0.25 * $50 = $12.50. Here's an example. Say the current value of the S&P500 is 1,600; the value of each contract is therefore $50 * 1,600 = $80,000. You purchase one contract on margin, with an initial margin requirement1 of 5%, or $4,000. If the S&P 500 index rises to 1,610, the value of your futures contract increases to $50 * 1,610 = $80,500. Once you return the 80,000 - 4,000 = $76,000 that you borrowed as leverage, your profit is 80,500 - 76,000 = $4,500. Since you used $4,000 of your own funds as an initial margin, your profit, excluding commissions is 4,500 - 4,000 = $500, which is a 500/4000 = 12.5% return. If the index dropped to 1,580, the value of your futures contract decreases to $50 * 1,580 = $79,000. After you return the $76,000 in leverage, you're left with $3,000, or a net loss of (3,000 - 4000)/(4000) = -25%. The math illustrates why using leverage increases your risk, but also increases your potential for return. Consider the first scenario, in which the index increases to 1,610. If you had forgone using margin and spent $80,000 of your own funds, your profit would be (80,500 - 80,000) / 80000 = .625%.
Eh, the violent carjacking attempt on Dad, the neighbor's cars getting their rims stolen three different times in one year, and then their car itself getting stolen and stripped, the phone call from Detroit about an old fluorescent shop light someone stole from our house because they could, the hooker squads we used to sit on the porch and watch...  Y'know, list goes on and on, but I think you're right.
"&gt; Without welfare to keep it alive Tesla would've gone under, they had a few near death experiences.  The near death experience was saved by Mercedes, not the government.  Any other prior near death experiences were saved by private financing rounds from various VC firms and Musk himself.  The government loan accelerated release and production ramp of the Model S, it did not save the company.  By the way, Nissan took a loan almost 10x the size of Tesla's, I believe Ford took almost as much as well.  I do not blame either, nor do I blame the government, because the point of these loans is to improve advanced powertrains to get us off of gasoline, which is a plague on the world, and thus these were a fantastic way to spend a small amount of our resources to make a big result - and produce a profit for the country at the same time.  &gt;On top of that, if you're wealthy enough to buy a model S in California, you qualify for nearly $10,000 in state and federal subsidies. The government is all up in there making it happen.  The Model S has routinely destroyed every competitor in just about every way, has won top marks in nearly every review and just about every award it's eligible for, has received the best customer satisfaction numbers recorded, and has outsold the competition despite being new and constrained in many ways and even blocked from selling in multiple states.  And is selling at a price point where $10,000 is nice, but hardly breaks the bank, especially considering the amount of people who buy the upgraded battery pack, which costs them $10,000, even though they don't need it.  So you really think a car which is so much better than anything else anywhere near its price point is going to sell solely because of the tax credit?  If so, I suspect you haven't driven one, because if you had, you would know that it sells because of the driving experience, not the tax credit.  Rich people aren't sitting down with their friends' accountants to tell them to buy one, they're giving their friends test drives and blowing their freaking minds.  Further, the oil industry has accepted subsidies for over 100 years, as have many other automakers, and as referenced before there are some states where the government blocks Tesla from selling cars.  So I suppose ""the gubmint is all up in there making it happen"" for everyone else as well, aren't they?"
Here are the reasons I did not lease my current car. When you lease, you're tied in at a monthly payment for 48 months or more. The only way to get out of that payment is to transfer the lease or buy out the lease. If you buy/finance, you can always sell the car or trade it in to get out of the payments. Or you can pay down more of the vehicle to lower the payments. Most leases calculate the cost of leasing based on the 'residual value' of the vehicle. Often these values are far lower than the actual worth of the vehicle if you owned it for those months and sold it yourself. So when you do the math, the lease costs you more -especially with today's low financing rates.
"If you are just barely scraping by on your current income, then you shouldn't be thinking about buying a car or house unless you can present (at least to yourself) clear evidence that doing so will actually lower your monthly expenses. Yes, there are times when even buying depreciating assets such as a car can lower your expenses, but you need to think hard about whether that is the case or if it is just something you want to get because you feel you ""should"". Remember the old adage that rich people buy themselves income streams (investments that either earn money or reduce expenses), while poor people buy expenses. If you are in the situation of barely scraping by on your current income, then the first step in my mind is to find out exactly what you are spending your money on (do this for a month or two, and then try to include non-regular or rarely-occuring bills such as subscriptions, insurance, perhaps utilities, and so on). Once you know where your money is going right now, outline that in a budget. At this point, you aren't judging your spending, but rather simply looking at the facts. Once you have a decent idea of where your money is going, only then try to think about what you can cut back on. Some things will be easier than others to change (it's much easier to cancel a premium TV channels package than to move to cheaper living quarters, for example, although in some cases simply picking the low-hanging fruit alone won't help you). Make a revised budget for the next month based on the new numbers, and try to live by it. Keep writing down what you actually spend your money on, then rinse and repeat. (Of course, you can make a budget for whatever period of time works for you; if you get paid every two weeks, budgeting per two weeks might be easier than budgeting per month.) The bottom line is that a budget is useless without a follow-up process to see how well your spending actually matches the budgeted amounts, so you need to spend some time following up on it and making adjustments.
&gt;If you don't have a charger and you run out of battery, you're screwed.  I agree. I have this image of a post apocalyptic future: a Henry Bemis-alike sitting on the steps of Amazon HQ, on his knees, with a Kindle that shows the status: 5% battery life remaining.
"Being long the S&P Index ETF you can expect to make money. The index itself will never ""crash"" because the individual stocks in it are simply removed when they begin performing badly. This is not to say that the S&P Index won't lose 80% of its value in an instant (or over a few trading sessions if circuit breakers are considered), but even in the 2008 correction, the S&P still traded far above book value. With this in mind, you have to realize, that despite common sentiment, the indexes are hardly representative of ""the market"". They are just a derivative, and as you might be aware, derivatives can enable financial tricks far removed from reality. Regarding index funds, if a small group of people decide that 401k's are performing badly, then they will simply rebalance the components of the indexes with companies that are doing well. The headline will be ""S&P makes ANOTHER record high today"" So although panic selling can disrupt the order book, especially during periods of illiquidity, with the current structure ""the stock market"" being based off of three composite indexes, can never crash, because there will always exist a company that is not exposed to broad market fluctuations and will be performing better by fundamentals and share price. Similarly, you collect dividends from the index ETFs. You can also sell covered calls on your holdings. The CBOE has a chart through the 2008 crisis showing your theoretical profit and loss if you sold calls 2 standard deviations out of the money, at every monthly interval. If you are going to be holding an index ETF for a long time, then you shouldn't be concerned about its share price at all, since the returns would be pretty abysmal either way, but it should suffice for hedging inflation."
"I'd check the terms of the student loan. It's been a long time since I had a student loan, but when I did it had restrictions that it could only be used for educational expenses, which they pretty clear spelled out meant tuition, books, lab fees, I think some provision for living expenses. If your student loan is subsidized by the government, they're not going to let you use it to start a business or go on vacation ... nor are they likely to let you invest it. Even if it is legal and within the terms of the contract, borrowing money to invest is very risky. What if you invest in the stock market, and then the stock market goes down? You may find you don't have the money to make the payments on the loan. People do this sort of thing all the time -- that's what ""buying on margin"" is all about. And some of them lose a bundle and get in real trouble."
&gt; One of the best news I've heard today. That's the right way JetBlue, awesome gesture.  I don't know on this one. While it gives the warm fuzzies, all it means in reality is the seats will be all be sold out really fast.   The economist in me that I pretend to be while listening to Freakonomics in my car, wants to point to this quote, that I feel turned me around on this:  &gt;LEVITT: And consumer surplus is one of the most important things in economics. One of the incredible beauties of the market system is that for so much of what we buy, we would have been willing to pay way more for it than we actually have to. A great example is water. How much do we pay for water each month? I don’t know what your water bill is. Mine is maybe $40. But think about how much we’d be willing to pay for water. Water is — I mean we’d be willing to pay almost anything for water, but it’s really, really cheap. So in that way, the modern economy has arranged things so that we get things we need — like water and food — much more cheaply than we’d be willing to pay. And that is really important. That is really the magic of the market.   &gt; DUBNER: To me what sounds like the problem is how do you measure that? Because I need to know what you in your head were willing to pay before you came to the store and then were confronted with the actual price. So how typically have economists measured those two numbers — what you pay and what you’re willing to pay?  &gt; LEVITT: So, Dubner, you have never been more right about anything in your life than what you just said because we simply have no good ways to measure consumer surplus. Because we know what people pay, we can sometimes see that, observe how much they buy. But we never see what’s inside their head, what their choice, what they would be willing to pay. If we’re really going to estimate a consumer surplus, what you would want to do is you would want to take a consumer and somehow magically you’d want to reproduce that consumer in 10 parallel universes.  source: http://freakonomics.com/podcast/uber-economists-dream/
22 June 2016 would have been the time to do this. Nobody on here can tell you what GBP/EUR will do in the next few months and years now. Brexit is going to happen, which implies lower UK growth and consequently a lower path for GBP interest rates, but this is all already priced in.  If you believe the UK economy will underperform current forecasts and/or the euro-area economy will outperform current forecasts, that may imply there's scope for further GBP depreciation. If you believe the probability of a further political shock from a 'no deal' Brexit is materially higher than the market thinks, the same is true. But the opposite of these things could happen also.  I would worry less about playing the currency markets as a retail investor and more about what currency your outgoings are denominated in. You live in Spain. Do you have significant GBP expenses or liabilities, or do you expect to have them in the future? If not, why are you taking currency risk by holding GBP balances? Whereas if you do - e.g. if you plan to move (back?) to the UK in the near future - then it makes more sense.
For the lazy: 1. It’s a paradigm shift = I don’t know what’s going on in our business. But we’re not making as much money as we used to. 2. We’re data-driven = We try not to make decisions by the seat of our pants. When possible, we try to base them in facts. 3. We need to wrap our heads around this = Gosh, I never thought of that. We need to discuss that…. 4. It’s a win-win = Hey, we both get something out of this (even though I’m really trying to get the best from you) 5. ROI [used in any sentence] = Look at me, I’m very financially-minded, even if I never took any finance classes in school 6. Let’s blue sky this/let’s ballpark this = Let’s shoot around a bunch of ideas since we have no clue what to do 7. I’m a bit of a visionary = I’m a bit of an egomaniac and narcissist 8. I’m a team player/we only hire team players = I hope everyone on the team thinks this is a meritocracy, even though I’m the dictator in charge 9. Let’s circle back to that/Let’s put that in the parking lot/let’s touch base on that later/let’s take this off-line = Shut up and let’s go back to what I was talking about 10. We think outside the box here/color outside the lines = We wouldn’t know about how to do something innovative if it came up to us and bit us in the behind 11. I/we/you don’t have the bandwidth = Since we cut 60% of our headcount, we’re all doing the job of 3 people, so we’re all burned out 12. This is where the rubber meets the road = Don’t screw up 13. Net net/the net of it is/when you net it out = I never studied finance or accounting but I sound like someone who can make money if I keep talking about another word for profit 14.
"There is no simple answer to that, because no one knows exactly what the probability distribution of S&P 500 returns is. Here is a sketch of one possible way to proceed. Don't forget step 4!  The problem is that the stock market is full of surprises, so this kind of ""backtesting"" can only reliably tell you about what already happened, not what will happen in the future.  People argue about how much you can learn from this kind of analysis.  However, it is at the least a clearly defined and objective process.  I wouldn't advise investing your whole nest egg in anything based just on this, but I do think that it is relevant information."
If you want to buy physical gold, I would suggest pawn shops.  Just have an idea of the price of gold and how to calculate value from carat weight.  Also the type of gold affects resale value.  I would buy the darker colored Indian or Thai gold.  Thai Bot chains are probably the best.
Nope. Both the Nexus 4 and the Motorola Moto E do not have a consumer replaceable battery, unfortunately. While this did concern me in regard to my Nexus 4, obviously it wasn't an issue as my stupid butter fingers rendered the phone inoperable before battery life was reduced to a point where I needed to replace it. With the Moto E, since it was only $129 I suppose I don't mind that I'll most likely just replace the phone after several years regardless of the battery.
&gt;The USA and China are about as close as siamese twins when it comes to preserving the dollar's value.  The dollar should float in reflection to the strength of America's economy. I am not concerned with artificially strengthening the dollar's value. China artificially increases the dollar's value by soft pegging the yuan to the dollar through purchases of currency reserves. I do like that they are inextricably linked to the US economically, so tensions can't escalate. I'd rather not have them able to use the debt as a bargaining chip though.
Incent it = That’s not a verb but I just made it into one because I’m a man/woman of action 42. I’m an agent of change = This makes it sound like I know how to handle the chaos that our business is constantly going through 43. We’ve got to do a little more due diligence there = Don’t have a clue but does that legal term make me sound detail-oriented? 44. Don’t leave money on the table = Be as greedy with them as possible 45. We take a “ready, fire, aim” approach here = We totally operate on a seat-of-the-pants basis 46. Hope is not a strategy = I don’t have a strategy, but this makes it sound like I’m above people who also don’t have a strategy 47. We have to tear down the silos internally = Our organizational structure is such a mess that I’m going to be under-mined by other departments at every turn 48. I don’t think it will move the needle = This won’t get my boss excited 49. Good to put a face to the name = I’d really rather talk to that person behind you 50. Let’s take the 30,000 foot view… = I like to think I see the big picture 51. It’s the old 80-20 rule = I really have no idea what the rule was, but I just want to focus on the things that will make us successful 52. We need to manage expectations = Get ready to start sucking up to people 53. It’s not actionable enough/what’s the deliverable? = You guys do the work on refining the idea. I’m too tired. 54. My 2 cents is… = This opinion is worth a heck of a lot more than 2 cents 55. I’m going to sound like a broken record here… = I want to clearly point out to you idiots that I’ve made this point several times before 56. We’ve got too many chiefs and not enough Indians = I want to be the Chief 57. Going forward = Don’t screw up like this again 58.