vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
HFT firms are spending millions or billions on network infrastructure and colocation for a reason.  It's arbitrage.  I'll take your word for it that transaction costs are lower today than they were years ago, but HFT front running is happening.  HFT firms are paying for a privileged position in the exchanges that is unavailable to others.  That's not ok.  I don't care how much liquidity they supply or how small the spreads get.  At any rate, *someone* must believe in what IEX is doing because otherwise there would be no volume there.  They're approaching 1% of the market volume after opening a few months ago.  People aren't trading there out of the kindness of their hearts, they are trading there because they believe they are getting ripped off in the other dark pools/exchanges.
That is a such a myopic point-of-view (and one that's typically only found in the valley).  There are millions of family-owned businesses in the country that provide for the owners and their employees for years.  The best companies I've ever worked at are run by people who are doing what they love rather than trying to flip the business and cash out.
"There are likely to be two approaches: An autodialer of any description would be more than capable of sending an SMS or initiating a direct telephone call with any set of telephone numbers.  Such autodialiers can run off a personal computer via VoIP or some such third-party.  As to getting the numbers, it can be either from a purchased list (if they're serious about this and are obeying any call opt-out lists) or simply a number range dialed sequentially, whether they work or not. In a more serious operation, any returns are fed directly to a call centre where real human beings then initiate direct contact.  Otherwise it is simply a fishing expedition and any valid numbers can then be sold to other agencies as a screened list (and, therefore, more valuable). From an SMS perspective, anyone can purchase a vendor-level SMS Gateway subscription (of which there are loads of vendors - and note the number that allow ""web-to-SMS"") which permits you to receive and respond to any SMS received. This is always about the ""law of large numbers"".  If they can get in the hundreds of thousands of valid numbers and a small number respond then they can make money.  Like any spam, because a few are gullible, the rest of us are targets too. Update: A few searches for ""software auto sms"" and similar results in a fair number of prospects.  As I don't wish this to become too much of a ""how-to"" I'm not going to link."
What makes matters rather more difficult for price forecasting is that not only are humans engaging in the market, machines are as well. The machines may not be terribly good at what they do, but they are terribly fast. The machines that work well (i.e. don't loose much) will survive, and the ones that don't will die in short order. Since speed is one of the major benefits of the machines over humans, they tend to make markets even more efficient. Another phenomenon to price forecasting is that of information and entropy. Suppose you found a reliable method to predict a market at a given time. You act on this information and indeed you make a profit. The profit you will be able to achieve will diminish over time until it reaches zero or reverts. The reason for this is that you acted on private information, which you leaked out by engaging in a trade. The more successful you are in exploiting your forecast, the better you train every other market participant to react to their losses. Since for every trade you make successfully, there has to be somebody who lost. People or machines who lose on markets usually exit those markets in some fashion. So even if the other participants are not adjusting their behavior, your success is weeding out those with the wrong behavior. Yet another difficulty in pricing forecasts are black-swan events. Since information can have a huge impact on pricing, the sudden appearance of new information can throw a conservative forecast completely off the rails and incur huge losses (or huge unexpected benefits). You cannot quantify black-swan events in any shape or form. It is my belief that you cannot predict efficient and well working markets. You might be able to predict some very sub-optimal markets, but usually, hedge-funds are always on the hunt for inefficient markets to exploit, so by simple decree of market economics, the inefficient markets tend to be a perpetually dying species."
You're saying that medallions aren't profitable but that they're selling for $1 Million because they're *liquid*!? OK you might need to go read about discounted cash flows or something because you do not know what drives the value of a business  Because that's what Medallions are - they aren't a cost of doing business, they're the price of buying a business. Which is high because the business is profitable  If you're not seeing the profits then you have the city to blame for that: they're going to the medallion owners
Not really. Transfer pricing determines where and at what level you should have profits and what level is considered arm's length. Profits are going to follow where the functions, risks and intangibles are borne under the current regulatory framework. Inverting allows a company to shift intangibles and risk to another country. You cannot just say I want 100% of my profits in Ireland and get away with it. You need to have economic support for why your profits are what they are in each of your jurisdictions.
"That is false that Amazon loses money with ""predatory pricing"".  They are making a bucket load of money.   They are just a hell of a lot more efficient than the department stores that are being replaced by Internet sales and advanced logistics.     You might point out an example of a product sold below cost.  When a department store is running a loss years on year or running a clearance at a loss, isn't that predatory against Amazon?   Retail is a brutal business."
This is not a supply side issue (bank), but a demand side (small business) and there is simply no demand.  Bank CEOs have been repeating that there is just no interest in borrowing right now, they would love to lend, but businesses are not taking the loans.    Businesses are trying to firm up their balance sheets and with concerns of a recession looming most small business owners don't want to borrow and risk defaulting.
"Yeah, I'll take the challenge...:) How trustworthy these are and what are their sources of income? These are in fact two separate questions, but the answers are related. How trustworthy? As trustworthy as they're clear about their own sources of income. If you cannot find any clue as to why, what for and how they're paying you - you probably should walk away. What's too good to be true usually is indeed too good to be true. For those of the sites that I know of their sources of income, it is usually advertisements and surveys. To get paid, you have to watch advertisements and/or answer surveys. I know of some sites who are legit, and pay people (not money, but gift cards, airline miles, etc) for participating in surveys. My own HMO (Kaiser in California) in fact pays (small amounts) to members who participate in enough surveys, so its legit. Are these sites worthwhile to consider for extra income? Not something you could live off, but definitely can get you enough gift cards for your weekly trip to Starbucks. What do I need to consider tax wise? Usually the amounts are very low, and are not paid in cash. While it is income, I doubt the IRS will chase you if you don't report the $20 Amazon gift card you got from there. It should, strictly speaking, be reported (probably as hobby income) on your tax return. Most people don't bother dealing with such small amounts though. In some cases (like the HMO I mentioned), its basically a rebate of the money paid (you pay your copays, deductibles etc. Since the surveys are only for members, you basically get your money back, not additional income). This is in fact similar to credit card rebates. Is there a best practice for handling the income? If we're talking about significant amounts (more than $20-30 a year), then you need to keep track of the income and related expenses, and report it as any other business income on your taxes, Schedule C. Is there a good test to determine what is and isn't a scam?
Move to a small town in an insurance friendly state. - Certian states like Florida are considered high risk for doing business for insurance companies.   Get a (relatively)new midsize sedan in white, tan, or brown.  These colors are the least likely to get stolen and the modern midsized sedan is considered the safest vehicles to drive. Drive less than 100 miles a month - The less you drive the less likely you are to be involved in an accident Go 9 years with no claims, tickets, or late payments and maintain a valid drivers license and Insurance. Drivers who go for long periods with out incident are more likely to be safe drivers. Have an income in upper middle class.  Drivers in this bracket tend to be statistically safer drivers and are the least likely to be involved in fraud.
I don't see why people are up in arms about this.   These distributers have been holding consumers over a barrel for so long, from their Hard Back 3 months then soft cover release bull shit to text book rackets and retarded E-book pricing.     I'm glad Amazon is sticking it to these fucks, at least some one is standing up for the consumer here (Even if its just because if benefits them).   Just like when music went from CD's to Digital and record companies tried to strangle digital music sales to keep their hardware format monopoly alive.   These publishers are running e-books into the dirt by price fixing them to same price as physical books which is just as retarded as Magic the Gathering charging full price for packs on their online game.   Amazon is tired of pushing their over priced shit (that is only that price because of some paranoid business exec's that are afraid of change worrying about their hard back sales) because it hurts their kindle and frankly they dont need them.   For the average consumer books are so easy to pirate we are just skipping all the middle men entirely, but I think a lot of those people would mind spending 4-5$ for a book (At least soft cover prices, paying the Hard cover price for a god damn e-book is extortion).
Short answer: NO, there is no financial benefits for you to expect in a local currency even if some might give tiny discounts on local sales. Local currencies are attractive for small business or communities, they are perfectly legal and starting to be popular in a lot of places. Local currencies encourage individuals and businesses to exchange goods and services locally.  Using them is like investing in your community. It could give you the feeling of doing something good for your community. Check this article for a discussion on the subject.  They should not be considered investments. Local currencies do not offer the same financial security and some could be like monopoly money, but that would be another subject or question to debate.  So, to summarize: no money to be made for your personal use, but some real social and financial benefits for your community. Would'nt that be a kind of personal benefit for you ?
"Are you working for a company that offers a Dependent Care Account? You may be able to withhold up to $5000/yr pre tax for care for you child.  If you cover more than half her expenses, she is your dependent. You can't ""double dip."" If she is your dependent, she cannot be the care provider for purposes of the DCAS, see Pub 503  top of p7 ""Payments to Relatives or Dependents."" How do you think a business would change your situation? The DCA is a small tax break, if you have no business now, this break isn't something that should drive this."
"In case other people arrive at this page wondering whether they should enable automatic reinvestment of dividends and capital gains for taxable (non-retirement) accounts (which is what I was searching for when I first arrived on this page): You might want to review https://www.bogleheads.org/wiki/Reinvesting_dividends_in_a_taxable_account and http://www.fivecentnickel.com/2011/01/26/why-you-shouldnt-automatically-reinvest-dividends/. The general idea is that--assuming you plan to regularly manually rebalance your portfolio to ensure that all of the ""pieces of the pie"" are the relative sizes that you want--there are approaches you can use to minimize taxes (and also fees, although at Vanguard I don't think that's a concern) if you choose a ""SpecID cost basis"" and manual reinvestment. Then you can go to ""Change your dividends and capital gains distribution elections"" at https://personal.vanguard.com/us/DivCapGainAccountSelection."
FNBC Florida is the largest and most independent website of purchase and transfer of companies in Florida. Do you want to sell your business or buy a business? In FNBC Florida you will find a current list of companies for sale, as well as purchase requisitions for the same. Similarly, if you are looking for sell a business in florida in companies or mergers, you are on the right website. In many cases businesses or companies belonging to individual entrepreneurs end their life when the entrepreneur retires, because there are no heirs or those who exist are not interested in their continuity or cannot, for any reason, take over the same.
They are entitled to a benefit for things for survival, This is not a UBI. If they have enough food to be giving it away, the system isn't working properly.  You think because they're (the abusers of the system) are being a useless member of society that they are entitled to have these benefits, which legally they are, but this should not be a long term solution for millions of people, which it is.  Are we talking about a small amount of people, from what google says its a pretty big issue.   We have a military, start your own rant thread about that if you want to talk about that or better yet, go join the military and fix it from the inside out.
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One big advantage that the 529 plan has is that most operate like a target date fund. As the child approaches college age the investment becomes more conservative. While you can do this by changing the mix of investments, you can't do it without capital gains taxes. Many of the issues you are concerned about are addressed: they are usable by other family members, they don't hurt financial aid offers, they address scholarships, they can be used for books or room and board.  Many states also give you a tax break in the year of the contribution.
"&gt;Dick's warned analysts and investors about an ""irrational"" pricing environment in the sporting goods space.     False, it's perfectly rational. When given a choice between a retail store like Dick's, which cannot dynamically change their costs or their prices very quickly, and Amazon, which can, people are choosing Amazon since that's the better option for consumers. The pricing environment is rational too, they just can't compete."
You can save yourself money if you are willing to shift your usage to other times of day, such as cook later in the evening or decide to grill outside, or wait to watch your TV show until later in the evening. If you are someone who is stuck in your ways and doesn't want to adjust the time of day that you do certain things, doing real time pricing may end up costing you more. Some people could argue that it actually should cost you more. Why should someone who is saving the power company money have to pay extra for someone who is costing the power company more money? All of this is viewed from the short term though. You may save some money here or there, or you may end up paying a little extra here or there, but I truly believe that in the long run everything will equalize out such that you will be paying the same anyways, or at least a small enough difference I wouldn't worry about it. If you stick with the flat rate pricing, they are already have to factor in you being a peak rate user when you might not actually be one. In short, if you are willing to adjust your habits, I will almost promise you that you will save money. If you don't want to change and especially like to use energy during Summer afternoons, you might want to just stay where you are at."
Problems do not arise from small individual acts of kindness. Problems arise when you attempt to construct a government and a society around false economic morality.  People very successfully navigate their own internal altruism and greed because they are allowed by society to make the calculation for how much they can give on their own. Once you start mandating altruism, all bets are off.  You mean they aren't paid to build monuments or do science? You mean scientists don't earn patents for their work? You mean science in general has no selfish commercial motive?  What a load of crap, dude. There are plenty of self motivated individualistic rationalizations for someone to work in cooperation with others. Namely, pay.
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"I'm thinking about visiting the UK and I'm wondering which things are affected by the VAT and which are not. Most consumer goods are subject to VAT at the standard rate. Most food sold in shops is zero-rated, with the exception of a handful of luxury foods. Food in cafes/restaurants and some takeaway food is subject to VAT at the standard rate. Most paper books are zero rated (IIRC books that come with CDs are an exception).  Some services are exempt, insurance is a notable one, so are some transactions with charities. Some small buisnesses and sole traders may not be VAT registered in which case there is no VAT for you to pay (but they can't reclaim VAT on the goods and services they buy). (there is a distinction between zero-rated and exempt but it's not relavent to you as a customer). Some goods have special rules, notably second hand goods.  Prices are normally given inclusive of VAT. The exception to this is suppliers who mostly deal in business to business transactions. Also as a non-UK resident is there a way to get a rebate/reimbursement on this tax? There is something called the ""retail export scheme"" which can get you a refund but there are a number of catches."
&gt; Pricing of most books used for university courses looks like this (as many lecturers simply ask for the current edition, even if there were no significant discoveries in the field of study).  Thanks for replying. There's no material difference as far as I can see. It's such a weird pricing strategy though.
"Yes, and the reason for that is because things that are above the market (eg regulators, politicians et al) manipulate it constantly.  I think personally the market is still a price discovery mechanism, the rules of the game have just changed. I.e. risk now has taken on additional dimensions, so a lot of conventional theories of asset pricing can effectively be chucked out the window.   Whether we ever see the return to a more ""econ""-driven reality in market expectations (and by that extent therefore asset pricing) is anyone's guess, for now bye-bye to the established light-touch framework of decades past, hello to interventionist randomness."
In this time of relentless competition where a number of organizations are attempting to make their presence and quality felt, having an edge over your rivals is tremendously basic for survival. Business visionaries are very much aware of the cost ramifications of maintaining a business. For them who are hoping to take their new business to the market, the most extreme cost is the underlying set up. Besides this there are other running costs that can really make them insane
"Usually, the amswer to ""why sell it"" is ""to maintain the specific distribution balance, or to track the index, that this fund was designed to offer."" A ""buy and hold"" fund could only buy when users are actively putting money into it. That limits their ability to follow those approaches.  And I think there would be problems msking withdrawls/redeptions ""fair"", in terms of what shares are sold and how the costs for selling them are distributed, that don't arise for a single buy-and-hold investor. If you're willing to accept the limitations of the former, and can overcome the latter, it's an interesting idea...  But note that one of the places index funds save money is that, since the composition of indexes changes rately, they are already operating mostly in buy-and-hold mode.It's unclear how much your variant would save. Worth exploring in greater depth, though. I think."
"We are exactly where we should be for pricing. We are not over valued.  The largest bull market in history is following the longest stagnation in history, we're merely playing catch up. Of course, it was spurred after Trump won because the business sector assumed he would curtail regulation - one thing we're pretty sure he'll accomplish because his business interests are alligned.  Recommended reading outlining why we are appropriately valued: Stocks for the Long Run by Jeremy Seigel, Prof of finance at Wharton.   I'm all for looking out for people's benefit. As an investment advisor, I have to abide by the fidicuary rule myself. I'm sure there's another side to the argument for them removing the rule. As Robert Shiller, Nobel laureate in economics, put it, ""We need the right regulation, not more or less."" Perhaps it's not correct in it's current state. But I'm not a legislative expert, maybe someone can elaborate.  We need to be wary about how quick we are to judge on these rulings. Many comments are not experts and our confirmation bias will drive people to misinformation. We judge ourselves on our intentions and others on their actions."
Assuming there is actual competition that is what will happen.    If MS offers M&amp;A advisory for $3 MM, their operating expenses for the project is $2 MM . DB has greater technological efficiency, cutting down on analyst and support staff costs. Their operating expenses is only $1 MM, their best choice of action would be to undercut to $2.5 MM. This allows them to boost their operating margins and ROE while the client saves $500,000.   Obviously if they are a monopoly, any technology gain just means fatter margins since they have all the pricing power.
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