vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Pulitzer Prize
Public Service -- for a distinguished example of meritorious public service by a newspaper , magazine or news site through the use of its journalistic resources , including the use of stories , editorials , cartoons , photographs , graphics , videos , databases , multimedia or interactive presentations or other visual material . Often thought of as the grand prize , and mentioned first in listings of the journalism prizes , the Public Service award is only given to the winning news organization . Alone among the Pulitzer Prizes , it is awarded in the form of a gold medal . Breaking News Reporting -- for a distinguished example of local , state or national reporting of breaking news that , as quickly as possible , captures events accurately as they occur , and , as time passes , illuminates , provides context and expands upon the initial coverage . Investigative Reporting -- for a distinguished example of investigative reporting , using any available journalistic tool . Explanatory Reporting -- for a distinguished example of explanatory reporting that illuminates a significant and complex subject , demonstrating mastery of the subject , lucid writing and clear presentation , using any available journalistic tool . Local Reporting -- for a distinguished example of reporting on significant issues of local concern , demonstrating originality and community expertise , using any available journalistic tool . National Reporting -- for a distinguished example of reporting on national affairs , using any available journalistic tool . International Reporting -- for a distinguished example of reporting on international affairs , using any available journalistic tool . Feature Writing -- for distinguished feature writing giving prime consideration to quality of writing , originality and concision , using any available journalistic tool . Commentary -- for distinguished commentary , using any available journalistic tool . Criticism -- for distinguished criticism , using any available journalistic tool . Editorial Writing -- for distinguished editorial writing , the test of excellence being clearness of style , moral purpose , sound reasoning , and power to influence public opinion in what the writer conceives to be the right direction , using any available journalistic tool . Editorial Cartooning -- for a distinguished cartoon or portfolio of cartoons , characterized by originality , editorial effectiveness , quality of drawing and pictorial effect , published as a still drawing , animation or both . Breaking News Photography , previously called Spot News Photography -- for a distinguished example of breaking news photography in black and white or color , which may consist of a photograph or photographs . Feature Photography -- for a distinguished example of feature photography in black and white or color , which may consist of a photograph or photographs .
List of Madagascar (franchise) characters
In `` Nighty Night Ninja '' , he watches a martial arts film with the penguins while he waits for his home to air out , due to a fish bomb . This causes him to start attacking the other animals in a sleep - walking state the next day . The penguins cure him by making him watch The Lunacorns , and save him from the sewer rats , whom he had attacked earlier .
Japanese cuisine
Japanese noodles often substitute for a rice - based meal . Soba ( thin , grayish - brown noodles containing buckwheat flour ) and udon ( thick wheat noodles ) are the main traditional noodles , while ramen is a modern import and now very popular . There are also other , less common noodles .
Capital punishment in the United States
A similar process is available for prisoners sentenced to death by the judgment of a federal court .
Dipping tobacco
Dipping tobacco is packaged in `` tins '' , although they are not typically completely metal anymore . Dipping tobacco is also available in `` rolls '' , `` logs '' , or `` sleeves '' , which is a package of 5 tins of tobacco , a similar concept to that of a carton of cigarettes . Ten tin rolls were also available in the past . Another package of dipping tobacco is the `` tub '' , available in only select brands , equivalent to 6 , 10 , or 12 tins .
Hyde Park, London
During the late 20th century , over 9,000 elm trees in Hyde Park were killed by Dutch elm disease . This included many trees along the great avenues planted by Queen Caroline , which were ultimately replaced by limes and maples . The park now holds 4 acres ( 1.6 ha ) of greenhouses which hold the bedding plants for the Royal Parks . A scheme is available to adopt trees in the park , which helps fund their upkeep and maintenance . A botanical curiosity is the weeping beech , which is known as `` the upside - down tree '' . A rose garden , designed by Colvin & Moggridge Landscape Architects , was added in 1994 .
File Explorer
When moving or copying files from one folder to another , if two files have the same name , an option is now available to rename the file ; in previous versions of Windows , the user was prompted to choose either a replacement or cancel moving the file . Also , when renaming a file , Explorer only highlights the filename without selecting the extension . Renaming multiple files is quicker as pressing Tab automatically renames the existing file or folder and opens the file name text field for the next file for renaming . Shift + Tab allow renaming in the same manner upwards .
Technical drawing tool
An architect 's scale is a scaled , three - edged ruler which has six different scales marked to its sides . A typical combination for building details is 1 : 20 , 1 : 50 , 1 : 100 , 1 : 25 , 1 : 75 and 1 : 125 . There are separate rulers for zoning work as well as for inch units . Today scale rulers are made of plastic , formerly they were made of hardwood . A pocket - sized version is also available , with scales printed on flexible plastic strips . View
Serial killer
Mission - oriented killers typically justify their acts as `` ridding the world '' of a certain type of person perceived as undesirable , such as gay or lesbian people , prostitutes , or people of different ethnicity or religion ; however , they are generally not psychotic . Some see themselves as attempting to change society , often to cure a societal ill .
The Rite of Spring
The opening melody is played by a solo bassoon in a very high register , which renders the instrument almost unidentifiable ; gradually other woodwind instruments are sounded and are eventually joined by strings . The sound builds up before stopping suddenly , Hill says , `` just as it is bursting ecstatically into bloom '' . There is then a reiteration of the opening bassoon solo , now played a semitone lower .
Virus
Attachment is a specific binding between viral capsid proteins and specific receptors on the host cellular surface . This specificity determines the host range of a virus . For example , HIV infects a limited range of human leucocytes . This is because its surface protein , gp120 , specifically interacts with the CD4 molecule -- a chemokine receptor -- which is most commonly found on the surface of CD4+ T - Cells . This mechanism has evolved to favour those viruses that infect only cells in which they are capable of replication . Attachment to the receptor can induce the viral envelope protein to undergo changes that results in the fusion of viral and cellular membranes , or changes of non-enveloped virus surface proteins that allow the virus to enter .
A Cure for Wellness
Writing for TheWrap , Alonso Duralde praised the film 's production design but criticized its narrative , saying : `` While the movie is about people who are happy to remain removed from the world , not realizing that they are involved in something truly dreadful , many viewers will be all too willing to head for the exits . ''
New Jersey
While municipalities retain their names derived from types of government , they may have changed to one of the modern forms of government , or further in the past to one of the other traditional forms , leading to municipalities with formal names quite baffling to the general public . For example , though there are four municipalities that are officially of the village type , Loch Arbour is the only one remaining with the village form of government . The other three villages -- Ridgefield Park ( now with a Walsh Act form ) , Ridgewood ( now with a Faulkner Act Council - Manager charter ) and South Orange ( now operates under a Special Charter ) -- have all migrated to other non-village forms .
Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scales
The fifth edition incorporated a new scoring system , which can provide a wide range of information such as four intelligence score composites , five factor indices , and ten subtest scores . Additional scoring information includes percentile ranks , age equivalents , and a change - sensitive score ( Janzen , Obrzut , & Marusiak , 2003 ) . Extended IQ scores and gifted composite scores are available with the SB5 in order to optimize the assessment for gifted programs ( Ruf , 2003 ) . To reduce errors and increase diagnostic precision , scores are obtained electronically through the use of computers now .
pH
There are 3 non-linear simultaneous equations in the three unknowns , ( A ) , ( B ) and ( H ) . Because the equations are non-linear , and because concentrations may range over many powers of 10 , the solution of these equations is not straightforward . However , many computer programs are available which can be used to perform these calculations . There may be more than three reagents . The calculation of hydrogen ion concentrations , using this formalism , is a key element in the determination of equilibrium constants by potentiometric titration .
A Song of Ice and Fire
There are a lot of dark chapters right now ... I 've been telling you for 20 years that winter was coming . Winter is the time when things die , and cold and ice and darkness fill the world , so this is not going to be the happy feel - good that people may be hoping for . Some of the characters ( are ) in very dark places . A
Sustainability
To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger To achieve universal primary education To promote gender equality and empower women To reduce child mortality To improve maternal health To combat HIV / AIDS , malaria , and other diseases To ensure environmental sustainability ( one of the targets in this goal focuses on increasing sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation ) To develop a global partnership for development
Kerosene heater
There has been a technological advance in kerosene heaters : some now use electricity to power a fan to force the heated air out , making it possible to heat up rooms faster . There is also thermostat controlled operation installed in modern kerosene heaters as well . However , most kerosene heaters require no electricity to operate . Most heaters contain a battery - operated or piezo - electric ignitor to light the heater without the need for matches . If the ignitor should fail the heater can still be started manually .
Federalist No. 10
Madison states , `` The latent causes of faction are thus sown in the nature of man '' , so the cure is to control their effects . He makes an argument on how this is not possible in a pure democracy but possible in a republic . With pure democracy , he means a system in which every citizen votes directly for laws , and , with republic , he intends a society in which citizens elect a small body of representatives who then vote for laws . He indicates that the voice of the people pronounced by a body of representatives is more conformable to the interest of the community , since , again , common people 's decisions are affected by their self - interest .
Glock
The Glock pistol accessories available from the factory include several devices for tactical illumination , such as a series of front rail - mounted `` Glock tactical lights '' featuring a white tactical light and an optional visible laser sight . An alternate version of the tactical light using an invisible infrared light and laser sight is available , designed to be used with an infrared night vision device . Another lighting accessory is an adapter to mount a flashlight onto the bottom of a magazine .
Arthur Phillip
Phillip had a very difficult time assembling the fleet which was to make the eight - month sea voyage to Australia . Everything a new colony might need had to be taken , since Phillip had no real idea of what he might find when he got there . There were few funds available for equipping the expedition . His suggestion that people with experience in farming , building and crafts be included was rejected . Most of the 772 convicts ( of whom 732 survived the voyage ) were petty thieves from the London slums . Phillip was accompanied by a contingent of marines and a handful of other officers who were to administer the colony .
Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act
BAPCPA also limited the applicability of the automatic stay in eviction proceedings . The stay does not stop an eviction proceeding if the landlord has already obtained a judgment of possession prior to the bankruptcy case being filed , § 362 ( b ) ( 22 ) . The stay also would not apply in a situation where the eviction is based on `` endangerment '' of the rented property or `` illegal use of controlled substances '' on the property , § 362 ( b ) ( 23 ) . In either situation the landlord must file with the court and serve on the debtor a certificate of non-applicability of the stay spelling out the facts giving rise to one of the exceptions . There is a process for the debtor to contest the assertions in the landlord 's certificate or if state law gives the debtor an additional right to cure the default even after an order for possession is entered , § 362 ( l ) & ( m ) .
Religious affiliations of Presidents of the United States
Four presidents are affiliated with Unitarian churches , and a fifth ( Jefferson ) was an exponent of ideas now commonly associated with Unitarianism . Unitarians fall outside of Trinitarian Christianity , and the question arises as to the degree to which the presidents themselves held Christian precepts . The information is generally available in the statements of the presidents themselves ; for example , John Quincy Adams left detailed statements of his beliefs . William Howard Taft , a Unitarian , is noted to have said in a letter to a friend , `` I am interested in the spread of Christian civilization , but to go into a dogmatic discussion of creed I will not do whether I am defeated or not ... If the American electorate is so narrow as not to elect a Unitarian , well and good . I can stand it . ''
Welsh language
The language has greatly increased its prominence since the creation of the television channel S4C in November 1982 , which until digital switchover in 2010 broadcast 70 % of Channel 4 's programming along with a majority of Welsh language shows during peak viewing hours . The all - Welsh - language digital station S4C Digidol is available throughout Europe on satellite and online throughout the UK . Since the digital switchover was completed in South Wales on 31 March 2010 , S4C Digidol became the main broadcasting channel and fully in Welsh . The main evening television news provided by the BBC in Welsh is available for download . There is also a Welsh - language radio station , BBC Radio Cymru , which was launched in 1977 .
Lego Mindstorms
There is a strong community of professionals and hobbyists of all ages involved in the sharing of designs , programming techniques , creating third - party software and hardware , and contributing of other ideas associated with Lego Mindstorms . The Lego Mindstorms system / website is organized much like a wiki , harnessing the creative potential and collaborative efforts of participants . Lego also encourages sharing and peering by making software code available for downloading and by holding various contests and events .
Hard disk drive
Features such as biometric security or multiple interfaces ( for example , Firewire ) are available at a higher cost . There are pre-assembled external hard disk drives that , when taken out from their enclosures , can not be used internally in a laptop or desktop computer due to embedded USB interface on their printed circuit boards , and lack of SATA ( or Parallel ATA ) interfaces .
List of The Vampire Diaries characters
Professor Atticus Shane mentors Bonnie in regaining her powers . However , unknown to her , this ' Art of Expression ' draws magic from the spirits of a massacre . It is revealed that Bonnie is a key component to finding the cure , as she was a descendant of the witch who entombed Silas , and is the only one who can open the tomb . During the course of the fourth season , she becomes closer to Jeremy again , hinting at a possible reunion between the two . However , upon finding the cure , Jeremy is killed by Silas . Feeling unimaginable grief , Silas , posing as Shane , manipulates Bonnie into believing that she can bring him back from the dead , but only if she brings back every supernatural creature who has died . When Bonnie drops the veil to the Other Side , she is overpowered by Silas . Bonnie manages to petrify Silas . Afterwards , Bonnie is determined to bring Jeremy back to life , despite Sheila 's warning . The spell ends up killing Bonnie , who awakens as a spirit . She eventually brings the veil back up , leaving Jeremy ( who she resurrected ) as the only one who can see her .
List of The Last Ship characters
While on board the Nathan James and suffering from survivor 's guilt , Michener slit his wrists in a suicide attempt . After being freed from the Ramseys ' brainwashing , Michener became a staunch ally and supporter of the Nathan James and its crew , helping the American public gain back the trust the ship needed in order to spread the cure .
Human Again (song)
Kirk Wise explained the motivation behind the song 's removal from the film and reinstatement in the stage version thus : `` Back when it was originally written and storyboarded it was initially 11 minutes long , which is a pretty heavy milieu for an animated feature that already had a lot of songs . Length was one problem and the structure of the song was also a problem at the time because it indicated the passage of time , months of time , leaves falling . That presented a couple story problems for us because we kept asking , ' Well what ? Is Maurice wandering around in the woods all this time ? Is Gaston just sitting around in a tavern drinking beer after beer growing a long white beard ? ' we could n't quite figure out what to do with the other characters during this time that Belle 's at the castle and keep the motor of the story running . Those were the reasons for cutting it at the time . It was n't until we saw the Broadway version where Alan ( Menken ) had made a substantial edit in the music and had found a slightly different place for the song to sit , so we realized there was a way to make this work . The bridge which was all about time passing was removed ... so that issue went away . And Alan did a couple of additional edits for us when we were tailoring it for the movie , and now it works . There 's a great little suite of music now that starts with `` Something There , '' the song that B&B sing while they 're having a little snowball fight , which segues into `` Human Again '' which gives the object perspective on what they hope for when B&B fall in love and that transitions into `` Beauty and the Beast '' the ballad , which is the culmination of their relationship . So , it 's a nice little story within a story now . ''
Salt Lake City
The city has experienced significant demographic shifts in recent years . Hispanics now account for approximately 22 % of residents and the city has a significant gay community . There is also a large Pacific Islander population , mainly made up of Samoans and Tongans ; they compose roughly 2 % of the population of the Salt Lake Valley area .
Japanese cuisine
In most of Japan , rice used to be consumed for almost every meal , and although a 2007 survey showed that 70 % of Japanese still eat it once or twice a day , its popularity is now declining . In the 20th century there has been a shift in dietary habits , with an increasing number of people choosing wheat based products ( such as bread and noodles ) over rice .
Black Sabbath
Black Sabbath never used to write a structured song . There 'd be a long intro that would go into a jazz piece , then go all folky ... and it worked . Tony Iommi -- and I have said this a zillion times -- should be up there with the greats . He can pick up a guitar , play a riff , and you say , ' He 's got ta be out now , he ca n't top that . ' Then you come back , and I bet you a billion dollars , he 'd come up with a riff that 'd knock your fucking socks off .
National identification number
Prior to 2007 , the last digit was also a check digit such that less than 240 SSSS values were available for any given combination of gender and date of birth , but due to an administrative practice of assigning Jan 1 and similar dates for immigrants with unknown date of birth , any SSSS value consistent with gender and century of birth may now be issued , even for birth dates prior to 2007 .
Nissan Maxima
Nissan 's flagship Maxima sedan entered the 2014 model year in late August 2013 with the addition of a new S Value Package . This has smoked appearance HID Xenon headlights , a compass in the rearview mirror , rear spoiler , fog lights , outside mirrors with integrated turn signals and metallic trim treatment . The Monitor and HID Xenon Packages were no longer available , while the SV received most of the Monitor package as standard . There were two new exterior colors : Gun Metallic ( replaces Dark Gray ) and Midnight Garnet ( replaces Tuscan Sun ) ; for eight available exterior colors total . The 3.5 S and 3.5 SV were the available models , each powered by a 290 hp ( 216 kW ) 3.5 - liter V6 engine mated to an Xtronic CVT. 2014 was the last year for this generation Nissan Maxima , despite it carrying over into 2015 as a 2014 model year . Nissan has stated `` they will have plenty 2014 Nissan Maximas on dealer lots until the all - new 2016 Nissan Maxima arrives '' in calendar year 2015 .
Friday Night Lights (TV series)
In addition to the free ad - support offerings , every episode of Friday Night Lights became available for download on the iTunes Store on February 10 , 2007 for $1.99 per episode . As a special promotion , the pilot was initially offered as a free download . The series is also available on Netflix .
Eastern Orthodox Church
There have been a number of times when alternative theological ideas arose to challenge the Orthodox faith . At such times the Orthodox communion deemed it necessary to convene a general or `` great '' council of all available bishops throughout the world . The Orthodox Church holds that seven ecumenical councils , held between the 4th and the 8th centuries , are authoritative . Oldest
Hair of the dog
A similar usage is encountered in Romanian , in the phrase `` Cui pe cui se scoate '' ( A nail ( fastener ) pulls out a nail ) ; in Bulgarian , in the phrase `` Клин клин избива '' ; in Italian , in the phrase `` Chiodo schiaccia chiodo '' ; in Spanish , in the phrase `` Un clavo saca otro clavo '' ( A nail pulls out another nail ) ; and in Turkish , in the phrase `` Çivi çiviyi söker '' . In all five cases , the English translation is `` a nail dislodges a nail '' , though these phrases are not exclusively used to refer to the hangover cure .
Cladogram
This measures the amount of homoplasy observed on a tree relative to the maximum amount of homoplasy that could theoretically be present -- 1 − ( observed homoplasy excess ) / ( maximum homoplasy excess ) . A value of 1 indicates no homoplasy ; 0 represents as much homoplasy as there would be in a fully random dataset , and negative values indicate more homoplasy still ( and tend only to occur in contrived examples ) . The HER is presented as the best measure of homoplasy currently available .