vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church
In 2010 , Archbishop of New Orleans Gregory Michael Aymond clarified that alligator is also considered seafood , saying `` Yes , the alligator 's considered in the fish family , and I agree with you -- God has created a magnificent creature that is important to the state of Louisiana , and it is considered seafood . '' This was in response to a letter from a local alligator wrangler .
The Spirit Catches You and You Fall Down
Ralph Jennings of The Modesto Bee said `` Hmong , including some among the 2,000 in Modesto , say the book typified conflicts between their culture and American institutions . But some say it did n't capture the complexity of the Hmong culture . ''
Missouri Compromise
`` Representative Thomas W. Cobb of Georgia : `` You have kindled a fire which all the waters of the ocean can not put out , which seas of blood can only extinguish . '' Representative James Tallmadge Jr. of New York : `` If a dissolution of the Union must take place , let it be so ! If civil war , which gentlemen so much threaten , must come , I can only say , let it come ! '' ''
Citizenship
Scholars suggest that the concept of citizenship contains many unresolved issues , sometimes called tensions , existing within the relation , that continue to reflect uncertainty about what citizenship is supposed to mean . Some unresolved issues regarding citizenship include questions about what is the proper balance between duties and rights . Another is a question about what is the proper balance between political citizenship versus social citizenship . Some thinkers see benefits with people being absent from public affairs , since too much participation such as revolution can be destructive , yet too little participation such as total apathy can be problematic as well . Citizenship can be seen as a special elite status , and it can also be seen as a democratizing force and something that everybody has ; the concept can include both senses . According to sociologist Arthur Stinchcombe , citizenship is based on the extent that a person can control one 's own destiny within the group in the sense of being able to influence the government of the group . One last distinction within citizenship is the so - called consent descent distinction , and this issue addresses whether citizenship is a fundamental matter determined by a person choosing to belong to a particular nation -- -- by his or her consent -- -- or is citizenship a matter of where a person was born -- -- that is , by his or her descent .
Mali Empire
The Kouroukan Fouga also put in place social and economic reforms including prohibitions on the maltreatment of prisoners and slaves , installing documents between clans which clearly stated who could say what about whom . Also , Sundiata divided the lands amongst the people assuring everyone had a place in the empire and fixed exchange rates for common products . Mari
One-drop rule
Someone with Sidney Poitier 's deep chocolate complexion would be considered white if his hair were straight and he made a living in a profession . That might not seem so odd , Brazilians say , when you consider that the fair - complexioned actresses Rashida Jones ( ' Parks and Recreation ' and ' The Office ' ) and Lena Horne are identified as black in the United States .
The Thin Line Between Chuck and Nate
Meanwhile , Dan attempts to say a proper `` I love you '' by having a romantic picnic in the park , only to get derailed when Serena 's English paper gets blown away . Everyone see the news about Blair when school lets out . Nate initially believes that it must be a lie , but Jenny , who overheard Serena 's conversation with Dan the previous night , tells him the truth . Nate gets into a fight with Chuck over the whole thing , then tells Blair he wants nothing to do with her . She is quickly overthrown as the queen bee , with Jenny joining the popular group . Serena asks Dan if he told Jenny anything relating to Blair , so he says he would n't do something like that to her because he loves her .
Battle of Badr
By 11 March both armies were about a day 's march from Badr . Several Muslim warriors ( including , according to some sources , Ali ) who had ridden ahead of the main column captured two Meccan water carriers at the Badr wells . Expecting them to say they were with the caravan , the Muslims were horrified to hear them say they were with the main Quraishi army . Some traditions also say that , upon hearing the names of all the Quraishi nobles accompanying the army , Muhammad exclaimed `` Mecca hath thrown unto you the best morsels of her liver . '' The next day Muhammad ordered a forced march to Badr and arrived before the Meccans .
Alex Karev
The American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) characterized Karev as `` honest '' , `` always tells it like it is '' , while also citing his mouth , his punctuality and him being a `` smart - ass '' as his weaknesses . Shonda Rhimes said of Karev : `` I love that we have a character who can do something wonderful but still be a selfish cranky ass about it . Alex gets to be complex in ways most characters do n't because even though he 's got a moral code , his moral code is totally twisted and dark . But he 's essentially good -- deep down inside . '' Carolina Paiz , one of the writers of the series , wrote : `` He has so much going on inside ... you think you 've got him figured out but then he just reveals this whole other side to him . ''
The Last House on the Left (2009 film)
When casting for the film , Iliadis wanted to find actors who would not portray these characters in a stereotypical way . As Craven explains , they wanted someone who would take these characters in a direction that most actors would not -- they wanted originality . Craven states , `` You need an actor who can bring a complete sense of commitment to that character without making it silly and not be afraid to go in there to the point where someone might say , ' Oh , you got bad in you ? ' You have to be brave enough and mature enough to know we 've all got it , and you 're not afraid of putting it out there and if you 've got a problem with seeing that , tough . '' For instance , Iliadis wanted to avoid casting some superficially sexy actress in the role of Mari , because he did not want the rape sequence to appear enjoyable to the viewers in any possible way . Iliadis notes that when Sara Paxton came in her audition was `` good '' , but it was this sense of intelligence and intensity that Paxton brought with her . The actress also had the `` innocent face '' the director was looking for , someone who had this `` wholesomely American look '' that would not allow anyone to enjoy watching her go through these intense events .
American popular music
Rock has had a formative influence on popular music , which had the effect of transforming `` the very concept of what popular music '' is . while Charlie Gillett has argued that rock and roll `` was the first popular genre to incorporate the relentless pulse and sheer volume of urban life into the music itself '' .
13 Reasons Why
The NASP statement also criticized the show 's suggestion that bullying alone led Hannah to take her life , noting that while it may be a contributing factor , suicidal ideations far more often result from the bullied person having a treatable mental illness without adequate coping mechanisms . Alex Moen , a school counselor in Minneapolis , took issue with the show 's entire plotline as `` ... essentially a fantasy of what someone who is considering suicide might have -- that once you commit suicide , you can still communicate with your loved ones , and people will suddenly realize everything that you were going through and the depth of your pain ... That the cute , sensitive boy will fall in love with you and seek justice for you , and you 'll be able to orchestrate it , and in so doing kind of still be able to live . '' Other counselors criticized the depiction of Hannah 's attempt to reach out to Mr. Porter as dangerously misleading , since not only does he miss obvious signs of her suicidal ideations , but says he can not report her sexual assault to the police without her identifying the assailant . School counselors are often portrayed as ineffective or clueless in popular culture , Moen says , but Porter 's behavior in the series goes beyond that , to being unethical and possibly illegal . `` It 's ridiculous ! Counselors are not police . We do n't have to launch an investigation . We bring whatever information we do have to the police '' , she told Slate .
Heart
Fish have what is often described as a two - chambered heart , consisting of one atrium to receive blood and one ventricle to pump it , However , the fish heart has entry and exit compartments that may be called chambers , so it is also sometimes described as three - chambered or four - chambered , depending on what is counted as a chamber . The atrium and ventricle are sometimes considered `` true chambers '' , while the others are considered `` accessory chambers '' .
Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom
In his initial film treatment , Trevorrow had included story elements that Marshall and Crowley considered excessive for a single film , as the producers felt it was also important to include details about Owen and Claire 's lives after the events of Jurassic World . Although the original ending was the same as the final film , Trevorrow had wanted to include more details about the integration of dinosaurs into the world , before choosing to remove such details to keep the story focused . For the script 's structure , Trevorrow said he had been inspired by Spielberg 's 2015 film Bridge of Spies , in which two seemingly unrelated stories `` collide in the middle , and move on together . '' Trevorrow was also inspired by the 1975 film Three Days of the Condor , stating , `` It 's one of those places where you think you know what the score is , and then everything changes , and then suddenly you do n't know who to trust . '' Having directed Jurassic World , Trevorrow became familiar with how animatronics worked and wrote scenes into the sequel in a way that would allow for their use , as animatronics are incapable of certain actions such as running .
The Beatles
According to Gould , the Beatles changed the way people listened to popular music and experienced its role in their lives . From what began as the Beatlemania fad , the group 's popularity grew into what was seen as an embodiment of sociocultural movements of the decade . As icons of the 1960s counterculture , Gould continues , they became a catalyst for bohemianism and activism in various social and political arenas , fuelling movements such as women 's liberation , gay liberation and environmentalism . According to Peter Lavezzoli , after the `` more popular than Jesus '' controversy in 1966 , the Beatles felt considerable pressure to say the right things and `` began a concerted effort to spread a message of wisdom and higher consciousness '' .
Git
In many ways you can just see git as a filesystem -- it 's content - addressable , and it has a notion of versioning , but I really really designed it coming at the problem from the viewpoint of a filesystem person ( hey , kernels is what I do ) , and I actually have absolutely zero interest in creating a traditional SCM system .
Pride & Prejudice (2005 film)
`` The first time we see him he 's at Meriton ( sic ) , where he has a very stiffly tailored jacket on and he 's quite contained and rigid . He stays in that rigid form for the first part of the film . By the time we get to the proposal that goes wrong in the rain , we move to a similar cut , but a much softer fabric . And then later he 's got a completely different cut of coat , not interlined and he wears it undone . The nth degree is him walking through the mist in the morning , completely undressed by 18th - century standards . It 's absolutely unlikely , but then Lizzie 's in her nightie , so what can you say ? ''
Marco Polo (game)
The game has similar traits with blind man 's buff ( essentially the same game played on dry land ) and can be considered an offshoot . Wisegeek notes , `` Blind man 's buff dates back to at least the 1500s , and it was once a very popular parlor game , especially with ladies . '' Marco Polo was known as a water game in America by the 1960s . Between 1965 and 1970 , some respondents to a Dictionary of American Regional English survey , when asked to name a game played in the water , responded with `` Marco Polo . ''
List of Madagascar (franchise) characters
Masikura ( voiced by Debra Wilson ) is a psychic chameleon who appears once you call her . She sticks her tongue on your head and analyzes you for predictions or reading thoughts . He told Julien 's uncle that the king of the lemurs would be eaten by the Foosa . With that , Uncle King Julien hands over the crown to his nephew and leaves . At the coronation , the Foosa interrupted and take some lemurs with them . Masikura told King Julien , Maurice , and Clover about what happened . King Julien goes to the Foosa territory to save the lemurs , he got bitten on the butt , he shouts and the boulders fall down , scaring the Foosa . Julien was relieved that Masikura was wrong about the Foosa eating him . Masikura appears and say she did n't say the Foosa would n't eat all of him completely and points at his butt .
PlayStation 3
Tech media website CNET gave new Super Slim 4 out of 5 stars ( `` Excellent '' ) , saying `` The Super Slim PlayStation 3 shrinks a powerful gaming machine into an even tinier package while maintaining the same features as its predecessors : a great gaming library and a strong array of streaming services ( ... ) '' , whilst also criticising the `` cheap '' design and disc - loader , stating : `` Sometimes ( the cover ) does n't catch and you feel like you 're using one of those old credit card imprinter machines . In short , it feels cheap . You do n't realize how convenient autoloading disc trays are until they 're gone . Whether it was to cut costs or save space , this move is ultimately a step back . '' The criticism also was due to price , stating the cheapest Super Slim model was still more expensive than the cheapest Slim model , and that the smaller size and bigger hard drive should n't be considered an upgrade when the hard drive on a Slim model is easily removed and replaced . They did praise that the hard drive of the Super Slim model is `` the easiest yet . Simply sliding off the side panel reveals the drive bay , which can quickly be unscrewed . '' They also stated that whilst the Super Slim model is not in any way an upgrade , it could be an indicator as to what 's to come . `` It may not be revolutionary , but the Super Slim PS3 is the same impressive machine in a much smaller package . There does n't seem to be any reason for existing PS3 owners to upgrade , but for the prospective PS3 buyer , the Super Slim is probably the way to go if you can deal with not having a slot - loading disc drive . ''
Star Wars
The Star Wars saga has had a significant impact on modern popular culture . Star Wars references are deeply embedded in popular culture ; Phrases like `` evil empire '' and `` May the Force be with you '' have become part of the popular lexicon . The first Star Wars film in 1977 was a cultural unifier , enjoyed by a wide spectrum of people . The film can be said to have helped launch the science fiction boom of the late 1970s and early 1980s , making science fiction films a blockbuster genre or mainstream . This very impact also made it a prime target for parody works and homages , with popular examples including Spaceballs , Family Guy 's Laugh It Up , Fuzzball , Robot Chicken 's `` Star Wars Episode I '' , `` Star Wars Episode II '' and `` Star Wars Episode III '' , and Hardware Wars by Ernie Fosselius .
Electoral College (United States)
The elections of 1876 , 1888 , 2000 , and 2016 produced an Electoral College winner who did not receive at least a plurality of the nationwide popular vote . In 1824 , there were six states in which electors were legislatively appointed , rather than popularly elected , so it is uncertain what the national popular vote would have been if all presidential electors had been popularly elected . When no candidate received a majority of electoral votes in 1824 , the election was decided by the House of Representatives and so could be considered distinct from the latter four elections in which all of the states had popular selection of electors . The true national popular vote was also uncertain in the 1960 election , and the plurality for the winner depends on how votes for Alabama electors are allocated .
Cuban Americans
Cuban coffee is popular in the Cuban - American community . Cubans often drink cafe cubano : a small cup of coffee called a cafecito ( or a colada ) , which is traditional espresso coffee , sweetened with sugar , with a little foam on top called espumita . It is also popular to add milk , which is called a cortadito for a small cup or a cafe con leche for a larger cup .
Look What You Made Me Do
ABC used the song in a promotional video for its Shonda Rhimes ' Thursday line - up an hour after its release . Sister network ESPN used it in its college football telecast advertisements for the season opening game between Alabama and Florida State , which was aired on ABC on September 2 .
.380 ACP
The . 380 ACP is compact and light , but has a relatively short range and less stopping power than other modern pistol cartridges . According to gun author Massad Ayoob , `` Some experts will say it 's barely adequate , and others will say it 's barely inadequate . '' Even so , it remains a popular self - defense cartridge for shooters who want a lightweight pistol with manageable recoil and / or smaller pistol . It is slightly less powerful than a standard - pressure . 38 Special and uses 9 mm (. 355 in ) diameter bullets . The heaviest bullet that can be safely loaded into the . 380 ACP is 115 grains ( 7.5 g ) , though the standard has long been 85 , 90 or 95 grains ( 5.5 , 5.8 or 6.2 g ) .
American popular music
The earliest songs that could be considered American popular music , as opposed to the popular music of a particular region or ethnicity , were sentimental parlor songs by Stephen Foster and his peers , and songs meant for use in minstrel shows , theatrical productions that featured singing , dancing and comic performances . Minstrel shows generally used African instruments and dance , and featured performers with their faces blackened , a technique called blackface . By the middle of the 19th century , touring companies had taken this music not only to every part of the United States , but also to the UK , Western Europe , and even to Africa and Asia . Minstrel shows were generally advertised as though the music of the shows was in an African American style , though this was often not true . Sheet
Rory McIlroy
In May 2009 , McIlroy described the Ryder Cup as an `` exhibition '' . McIlroy said : `` It 's not a huge goal of mine . In the big scheme of things it 's not that important an event for me . It 's an exhibition at the end of the day . '' McIlroy went on to say : `` Golf is an individual sport . You have individual goals and my goals are to win tournaments for myself . '' European Ryder Cup captain Colin Montgomerie responded by saying that the contest `` is not an exhibition and it never will be . It 's a very unique , special event . '' The following year , in 2010 , McIlroy said that he regretted his earlier comments and said that the Ryder Cup is `` definitely not an exhibition '' .
Football helmet
One innovation from the early 1900s period was hardened leather . 1917 marked the first time helmets were raised above the head in an attempt to direct blows away from the top of the head . Ear flaps also had their downfall during this period as they had little ventilation and made it difficult for players to hear . The 1920s marked the first time that helmets were widely used in the sport of football . These helmets were made of leather and had some padding on the inside , but the padding was insufficient and provided little protection . In addition , they lacked face masks . As a result , injuries were very common . Early helmets also absorbed a lot of heat , making them very uncomfortable to wear . A
We Wish You a Merry Christmas
`` We Wish You a Merry Christmas '' is a popular English Christmas carol from the West Country of England .
Sarah
There was a severe famine in the land of Canaan , so that Abram and Lot and their households , travelled south to Egypt . On the journey to Egypt , Abram instructed Sarai to identify herself only as his sister , fearing that the Egyptians would kill him in order to take his wife , saying , `` I know what a beautiful woman you are . When the Egyptians see you , they will say , ' this is his wife . ' Then they will kill me but will let you live . Say you are my sister , so that I will be treated well for your sake and my life will be spared because of you . '' When brought before Pharaoh , Sarai said that Abram was her brother , and the king thereupon took her into his palace and bestowed upon the latter many presents and marks of distinction . It is possible that Sarai acquired her Egyptian handmaid Hagar during this stay . However , God afflicted Pharaoh 's household with great plagues . Pharaoh then realized that Sarai was Abram 's wife and demanded that they leave Egypt immediately .
Steven Hill
After appearing in Mission : Impossible , Hill did no acting work for the following 10 years . Hill had what he calls `` tremendous periods of unemployment '' in his career . `` What we have here is a story of profound instability and impermanence , '' he said of his own career . `` This is what you learn at the beginning in show business ; then it gets planted in you forever . '' Hill left acting in 1967 and moved to a Jewish community in Rockland County , New York , where he worked in writing and real estate . Patrick J. White , in The Complete `` Mission : Impossible '' Dossier , quoted Hill as having said later , `` I do n't think an actor should act every single day . I do n't think it 's good for the so - called creative process . You must have periods when you leave the land fallow , let it revitalize itself . '' After 10 years , he was ready to begin acting again . `` They say you ca n't quit show business , '' he said in 1977 . `` It took 10 years , but I could n't get it out of my system . So I called an agent and put him to work . ''
Japanese cuisine
Traditional Japanese sweets are known as wagashi . Ingredients such as red bean paste and mochi are used . More modern - day tastes includes green tea ice cream , a very popular flavor . Almost all manufacturers produce a version of it . Kakigōri is a shaved ice dessert flavored with syrup or condensed milk . It is usually sold and eaten at summer festivals . A dessert very popular among the children in Japan are dorayaki . They are sweet pancakes filled with a sweet red bean paste . They are mostly eaten at room temperature but are also considered very delicious hot .
List of players in the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame
The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame , located in Springfield , Massachusetts , honors players who have shown exceptional skill at basketball , all - time great coaches , referees , and other major contributors to the sport . It is named after Dr. James Naismith , who conceived the sport in 1891 ; he was inducted into the Hall as a contributor in 1959 . The Player category has existed since the beginning of the Hall of Fame . For a person to be eligible on the ballot for Hall of Fame honors as a player , he or she must be fully retired for three years . If a player retired for a short period , then `` his / her case and eligibility is reviewed on an individual basis '' .
Christmas decoration
In many countries a representation of the Nativity scene is very popular , and people are encouraged to compete and create the most original or realistic ones . Within some families , the pieces used to make the representation are considered a valuable family heirloom . Some churches also perform a live Nativity with volunteers and even live animals .