vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
The Catcher in the Rye
When his mother returns home , Holden slips out and visits his former and much - admired English teacher , Mr. Antolini , who is now a New York University professor . Mr. Antolini expresses concern that Holden is headed for `` a terrible fall '' and advises him to begin applying himself . Although Holden is exhausted , he is courteous and considers his advice . Mr. Antolini also provides Holden a place to sleep . Holden is upset when he wakes up in the night to find Mr. Antolini patting his head , which he interprets as a homosexual advance . Confused and uncertain , he leaves and spends the rest of the night in a waiting room at Grand Central Station , where he sinks further into despair and expresses regret over leaving Mr. Antolini . He spends most of Monday morning wandering Fifth Avenue .
Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day
A running gag throughout the book is Alexander repeating several times that he wants to move to Australia because he thinks it 's better there . It ends with his mother 's assurance that everybody has bad days , even those who live there . In the Australian and New Zealand versions , he wants to move to Timbuktu instead . Alexander says tomorrow things must not get any worse .
Apollo
The Vedic Rudra has some similar functions with Apollo . The terrible god is called `` The Archer '' , and the bow is also an attribute of Shiva . Rudra could bring diseases with his arrows , but he was able to free people of them , and his alternative Shiba is a healer physician god . However the Indo - European component of Apollo does not explain his strong relation with omens , exorcisms , and with the oracular cult .
Artemis
Artemis punished Agamemnon after he killed a sacred stag in a sacred grove and boasted that he was a better hunter than the goddess . When the Greek fleet was preparing at Aulis to depart for Troy to begin the Trojan War , Artemis becalmed the winds . The seer Calchas advised Agamemnon that the only way to appease Artemis was to sacrifice his daughter Iphigenia . Artemis then snatched Iphigenia from the altar and substituted a deer . Various myths have been told about what happened after Artemis took her . Either she was brought to Tauros and led the priests there or became Artemis ' immortal companion .
French Revolution
On 26 August , the Assembly decreed the deportation of refractory priests in the west of France , as `` causes of danger to the fatherland '' , to destinations like French Guiana . In reaction , peasants in the Vendée took over a town , in another step toward civil war . What remained of a national government depended on the support of the insurrectionary Commune . With enemy troops advancing , the Commune looked for potential traitors in Paris .
Treaty of Versailles
On 29 April , the German delegation under the leadership of the Foreign Minister Ulrich Graf von Brockdorff - Rantzau arrived in Versailles . On 7 May , when faced with the conditions dictated by the victors , including the so - called `` War Guilt Clause '' , von Brockdorff - Rantzau replied to Clemenceau , Wilson and Lloyd George : `` We know the full brunt of hate that confronts us here . You demand from us to confess we were the only guilty party of war ; such a confession in my mouth would be a lie . '' Because Germany was not allowed to take part in the negotiations , the German government issued a protest against what it considered to be unfair demands , and a `` violation of honour '' , soon afterwards withdrawing from the proceedings of the peace conference .
Indian painting
The literary critic Ranjit Hoskote while reviewing the works of contemporary artist Atul Dodiya writes , `` The exposure to Santinketan , through a literary detour , opened Dodiya 's eyes to the historical circumstances of what the art historian R Siva Kumar has called a `` contextual modernism '' developed in eastern India in the 1930s and ' 40s during the turbulent decades of the global Depression , the Gandhian liberation struggle , the Tagorean cultural renaissance and World War II . ''
Wicked (musical)
At the party that evening , Boq tries to tell Nessarose the real reason he invited her , but is unable to hurt her feelings . She is becoming infatuated with him . Madame Morrible arrives to tell Galinda that she can join her sorcery class , at Elphaba 's request . Elphaba herself arrives , wearing the hat Galinda gave her , a witch 's hat . The other students laugh and stare while Elphaba awkwardly dances on her own . Galinda feels terrible , and goes to dance with Elphaba . Soon everyone joins them , and the two girls look at each other in a new light .
You're a Grand Old Flag
The original lyric for this perennial George M. Cohan favorite came , as Cohan later explained , from an encounter he had with a Civil War veteran who fought at Gettysburg . The two men found themselves next to each other and Cohan noticed the vet held a carefully folded but ragged old flag . The man reportedly then turned to Cohan and said , `` She 's a grand old rag . '' Cohan thought it was a great line and originally named his tune `` You 're a Grand Old Rag . '' So many groups and individuals objected to calling the flag a `` rag , '' however , that he `` gave ' em what they wanted '' and switched words , renaming the song `` You 're a Grand Old Flag '' . --
Military history of Australia during World War I
At the start of the war , Australia 's military forces were focused upon the militia and what Regular forces existed were mostly serving in the artillery or engineers and were assigned in most part to the task of coastal defence . Due to the provisions of the Defence Act 1903 , which precluded sending conscripts overseas , upon the outbreak of war it was realised that a totally separate , all volunteer force would need to be raised . This force was known as the Australian Imperial Force ( AIF ) .
The Twelve Days of Christmas (song)
The 12 things are : one delicious cookie ( Cookie Monster ) , two baby frogs ( Hardhead Henry Harris , Elmo in the 1995 version ) , three footballs ( Prairie Dawn ) , four wooly bears ( Grover ) , five argyle socks ( Bert ) , six rubber duckies ( Ernie ) , seven rusty trashcans ( Oscar the Grouch ) , eight counts a ' counting ( Count von Count ) , nine pounds of birdseed ( Big Bird ) , ten wind - up rabbits ( Smart Tina , later replaced by ten triangles Telly Monster ) , eleven broken buildings ( Herry Monster ) and `` Twelve ... I ca n't remember ! '' ( Mr. Snuffleupagus ) . A Māori / New Zealand version , titled `` A Pukeko in a Ponga Tree , '' written by Kingi Matutaera Ihaka , appeared as a picture book and cassette recording in 1981 . On the late - night sketch - comedy program Second City TV in 1982 , the Canadian - rustic characters Bob & Doug McKenzie ( Rick Moranis and Dave Thomas ) released a version on the SCTV spin - off album Great White North . Roger Whittaker recorded the traditional version with Angus ' format in 1984 . The Twelve Days of Christmas ( TV 1993 ) , an animated tale which aired on NBC , features the voices of Marcia Savella , Larry Kenney , Carter Cathcart , Donna Vivino and Phil Hartman . Walt Kelly did a number of takes on the carol in Pogo . In one of them , the various characters , in fantastic hats , bring the gifts to Miz Beaver . By the 11th day , she , having run out of room - and patience - , calls a halt to the proceedings and speaks to Mr. Miggle , the general store proprieter , about taking them all off her hands . Christian rock band Relient K released a recording of the song on their 2007 album Let It Snow , Baby ... Let It Reindeer . This version known for its slightly satirical refrain : `` What 's a partridge ? What 's a pear tree ? I do n't know , so please do n't ask me . But I can bet those are terrible gifts to get .
Costa Maya
Due to the lack of access to Chetumal Bay , Brigadier Angel Ortiz Monasterio , the Mexican consulate , commissioned engineer Rebolledo to find a suitable place to build a port in this area . Rebolledo selected Xcalak because two natural entrances through the barrier reef would permit navigation . The port was established in an effort to permanently occupy this area . From this site , Mexico intended to direct a military campaign to stop the supply of arms to the Maya rebels of Quintana Roo , who were participating in what is known as the Caste War . This led to the establishment of a base on the southern limits of Xcalak peninsula .
Owen Hunt
`` Not only is McKidd an immediately likeable and engaging actor , his struggle with PTSD throughout the season -- and especially how it impacted his burgeoning relationship with Cristina -- proved both relevant and dramatically gripping . His interactions with Cristina were perfectly balanced for optimum drama , never together and never apart for so long that the back - and - forth became frustrating . Viewers could clearly see a softening of the typically hard - edged Cristina , a pleasant change for what had become something of a one - note character , as well as relate to Owen 's internal struggles , shared by many a real - life war vet . ''
Grey Beard
He was a leader of the Hotamitaneo ( `` Dog soldier '' ) society of young warriors . He was involved in a skirmish with Edwin Vose Sumner 's troops at the Kansas River in 1857 , and gained recognition among whites in 1867 for battling soldiers under Winfield Scott Hancock and George Armstrong Custer in an attempt to prevent the building of the Kansas Pacific Railroad across tribal lands . He refused to sign the failed Medicine Lodge Treaty , and continued fighting until 1871 , when his people settled on a reservation in Indian Territory . In what is known as the Red River War , he and other chiefs began raiding settlements again in 1874 out of frustration with poaching of buffaloes . After participating in the Second Battle of Adobe Walls , Grey Beard and his followers went into hiding in what is now the Oklahoma Panhandle .
Military history of Italy during World War II
The Allied armies continued to advance through Italy despite increasing opposition from the Germans . The Allies soon controlled most of southern Italy , and Naples rose against and ejected the occupying German forces . The Allies organized some Italian troops in the south into what were known as `` co-belligerent '' or `` royalist '' forces . In time , there was a co-belligerent army ( Italian Co-Belligerent Army ) , navy ( Italian Co-Belligerent Navy ) , and air force ( Italian Co-Belligerent Air Force ) . These Italian forces fought alongside the Allies for the rest of the war . Other Italian troops , loyal to Mussolini and his RSI , continued to fight alongside the Germans ( among them were the Esercito Nazionale Repubblicano , the National Republican Army ) . From this point on , a large Italian resistance movement located in northern Italy fought a guerilla war against the German and RSI forces . Mussolini
What a Man (song)
`` What a Man '' 2002 UK vinyl re-release Single by Linda Lyndell Released 1968 ( United States ) Format 7 - inch single Genre Soul Label Volt VOA - 4001 Songwriter ( s ) David Crawford
Apollo
The Late Bronze Age ( from 1700 to 1200 BCE ) Hittite and Hurrian Aplu was a god of plague , invoked during plague years . Here we have an apotropaic situation , where a god originally bringing the plague was invoked to end it . Aplu , meaning the son of , was a title given to the god Nergal , who was linked to the Babylonian god of the sun Shamash . Homer interprets Apollo as a terrible god ( δεινὸς θεός ) who brings death and disease with his arrows , but who can also heal , possessing a magic art that separates him from the other Greek gods . In Iliad , his priest prays to Apollo Smintheus , the mouse god who retains an older agricultural function as the protector from field rats . All these functions , including the function of the healer - god Paean , who seems to have Mycenean origin , are fused in the cult of Apollo .
John C. Calhoun
Calhoun labored to raise troops , provide funds , speed logistics , rescue the currency , and regulate commerce to aid the war effort . One colleague hailed him as `` the young Hercules who carried the war on his shoulders . '' Disasters on the battlefield made him double his legislative efforts to overcome the obstructionism of John Randolph , Daniel Webster , and other opponents of the war . In December 1814 , with the armies of Napoleon Bonaparte apparently defeated , and the British invasions of New York and Baltimore thwarted , British and American diplomats signed the Treaty of Ghent . It called for a return to the borders of 1812 with no gains or losses . Before the treaty reached the Senate for ratification , and even before news of its signing reached New Orleans , a massive British invasion force was utterly defeated in January 1815 at the Battle of New Orleans , making a national hero of General Andrew Jackson . Americans celebrated what they called a `` second war of independence '' against Britain . This led to the beginning of the `` Era of Good Feelings '' , an era marked by the formal demise of the Federalist Party and increased nationalism .
God of War (2018 video game)
McCreary 's initial efforts focused on writing the new main theme , or what he called the Kratos Theme . He spent several months working with Barlog , Scaturro , Leary , Sony music director Chuck Doud , and the rest of the development team in making this new theme . McCreary described the Kratos Theme as `` arguably one of my most structurally satisfying and catchy melodies . '' The main theme features low orchestral instruments , Icelandic choir , deep male vocals , powerful female vocals ( in particular Faroese singer Eivør Pálsdóttir ) , folk percussion , and Nordic stringed instruments , such as the nyckelharpa and hurdy gurdy . When it was decided that God of War would be revealed at E3 2016 , Sony wanted McCreary to perform his original score with a live orchestra at the press conference . McCreary opened the show with the new main theme before the unveiling of God of War , and performed the gameplay demo 's music live during the presentation . On January 13 , 2017 , a live recording from E3 2016 of God of War 's overture was released for free for a limited time . Barlog released the overture as a thank you to fans for God of War 's E3 2016 trailer reaching fifteen million views on YouTube .
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
The U.S. became polarized over the war . Many supporters of U.S. involvement argued for what was known as the domino theory , a theory that believed if one country fell to communism , then the bordering countries would be sure to fall as well , much like falling dominoes . This theory was largely held due to the fall of eastern Europe to communism and the Soviet sphere of influence following World War II . However , military critics of the war pointed out that the Vietnam War was political and that the military mission lacked any clear idea of how to achieve its objectives . Civilian critics of the war argued that the government of South Vietnam lacked political legitimacy , or that support for the war was completely immoral .
United States news media and the Vietnam War
As the war went on , the U.S. media began to change its main source of information . Journalists began to focus more on research , interviews and analytical essays to obtain information instead of press conferences , official news releases and reports of official proceedings . With an increase in American households that obtained a television set , more and more citizens were able to keep up with the war . Although it was useful to have all information acquired during the war , the media played a huge role in what the American people saw and believed . Journalists that visited Vietnam during the war were not interested in the culture of Vietnam or any aspect of the way of life practiced in that area . Instead , they only focused on the negative and reinforced the American people with the worst of Vietnam . The media played the information to look like Vietnam was in the wrong and the only one at fault .
Aztec religion
The main deity in the Mexica religion was the sun god and war god , Huitzilopochtli . He directed the Mexicas to found a city on the site where they would see an eagle , devouring ( not all chronicles agree on what the eagle was devouring , one says it was a precious bird , and though Father Duran says it was a snake , this is not mentioned in any pre-Hispanic source ) perched on a fruit bearing nopal cactus . According to legend , Huitzilopochtli had to kill his nephew , Cópil , and throw his heart on the lake . But , since Cópil was his relative , Huitzilopochtli decided to honor him , and caused cactus to grow over Cópil 's heart which became a sacred place .
Dow Jones Industrial Average
At the start of the 1910s , the decade would begin with the Panic of 1910 -- 1911 stifling economic growth for a lengthy period of time . History would later take its course on July 30 , 1914 ; as the average stood at a level of 71.42 when a decision was made to close down the New York Stock Exchange , and suspend trading for a span of four and a half months . Some historians believe the exchange closed because of a concern that markets would plunge as a result of panic over the onset of World War I. An alternative explanation is that the Secretary of the Treasury , William Gibbs McAdoo , closed the exchange because he wanted to conserve the U.S. gold stock in order to launch the Federal Reserve System later that year , with enough gold to keep the United States at par with the gold standard . When the markets reopened on December 12 , 1914 , the index closed at 74.56 , a gain of 4.4 percent . This is frequently reported as a large drop , due to using a later redefinition . Reports from the time say that the day was positive . Following World War I , the United States would experience another downturn in economic activity in what became known as the post-World War I recession . The Dow 's performance would remain virtually unchanged from the closing value of the previous decade , adding only 8.26 % , from 99.05 points at the beginning of 1910 , to a level of 107.23 points at the end of 1919 .
Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc came from an obscure village and rose to prominence when she was a teenager , and she did so as an uneducated peasant . The French and English kings had justified the ongoing war through competing interpretations of inheritance law , first concerning Edward III 's claim to the French throne and then Henry VI 's . The conflict had been a legalistic feud between two related royal families , but Joan transformed it along religious lines and gave meaning to appeals such as that of squire Jean de Metz when he asked , `` Must the king be driven from the kingdom ; and are we to be English ? '' In the words of Stephen Richey , `` She turned what had been a dry dynastic squabble that left the common people unmoved except for their own suffering into a passionately popular war of national liberation . '' Richey also expresses the breadth of her subsequent appeal :
Sinner's prayer
Many Christians make the cataclysmic and unbiblical mistake of giving the other person a false sense of assurance of salvation , by asserting the person is saved because he prayed a prayer . So , many people walk away from such a conversation still dead in their sins , but believing what they 've been told . `` I believed what my friend told me , and I prayed a prayer . So , now I 'm a Christian ! '' --
What a Man (song)
The original `` What A Man '' was performed in the movie The Sapphires and appears on the soundtrack album . It was used as Dan Wilson 's intro music when he came up to bat for the Seattle Mariners . The Salt - N - Pepa version appears in a 2016 television commercial for Walmart .
Planet of the Apes (1968 film)
Taylor and Nova , at last free , follow the shoreline and discover the remains of the Statue of Liberty , revealing that this `` alien '' planet is actually Earth long after a nuclear war . Realizing what Zaius meant earlier , Taylor falls to his knees in despair and anger while condemning humanity for destroying the world .
Federalist Era
Realizing the need for broad political support for his programs , Hamilton formed connections with like - minded nationalists throughout the country . He used his network of treasury agents to link together friends of the government , especially merchants and bankers , in the new nation 's major cities . What had begun as a faction in Congress supportive of Hamilton 's economic policies emerged into a national faction and then , finally , as the Federalist Party . The Federalist Party supported Hamilton 's vision of a strong centralized government , and agreed with his proposals for a national bank and government subsidies for industries . In foreign affairs , they supported neutrality in the war between France and Great Britain .
In-N-Out Burger
In - N - Out 's first location was opened in the Los Angeles suburb of Baldwin Park , California in 1948 by the Snyders at the southwest corner of what is now the intersection of Interstate 10 and Francisquito Avenue . The restaurant was the first drive - thru hamburger stand in California , allowing drivers to place orders via a two - way speaker system . This was a new and unique idea , since in post-World War II California , carhops were used to take orders and serve food .
Vietnam War
During the course of the Vietnam War a large segment of the American population came to be opposed to U.S. involvement in Southeast Asia . Public opinion steadily turned against the war following 1967 and by 1970 only a third of Americans believed that the U.S. had not made a mistake by sending troops to fight in Vietnam . Nearly a third of the American population were strongly against the war , a position which lasted through subsequent decades . Anti-Vietnam
Southwestern United States
Of the states of which at least a portion make up the Southwest , Texas was the first to achieve statehood . On December 29 , 1846 the Republic of Texas was annexed , bypassing becoming a territory , and immediately becoming a state . Initially , its borders included parts of what would become several other states : almost half of New Mexico , a third of Colorado , and small portions of Kansas , Oklahoma , and Wyoming . Texas current borders were set in the Compromise of 1850 , where Texas ceded land to the federal government in exchange for $10 million , which would go to paying off the debt Texas had accumulated in its war with Mexico .
It Takes a Village
In 2006 , It Takes a Village was republished as a 10th Anniversary Edition with a new cover design and an introduction by the author . Clinton did not shy away from its conclusions ; during her own presidential campaign during 2007 she said `` I still believe it takes a village to raise a child . '' And during her second presidential campaign during 2015 she said `` Fundamentally , ( Republicans ) reject what it takes to build an inclusive economy . It takes an inclusive society . What I once called ' a village ' that has a place for everyone . ''