vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Ken Jennings
Jennings agreed to a deal with Microsoft to promote its Encarta encyclopedia software ( which was later discontinued ) . He is also engaged in speaking deals through the Massachusetts - based speakers agency American Program Bureau . In 2005 , Cingular Wireless ( now AT&T ) featured Jennings in commercials portraying him as having lots of `` friends and family '' ( coming out of the woodwork , because he is now `` stinking rich '' ) .
Planck's law
Here is used a notation different from Kirchhoff 's . Here , the emitting power E ( T , i ) denotes a dimensioned quantity , the total radiation emitted by a body labeled by index i at temperature T . The total absorption ratio a ( T , i ) of that body is dimensionless , the ratio of absorbed to incident radiation in the cavity at temperature T . ( In contrast with Balfour Stewart 's , Kirchhoff 's definition of his absorption ratio did not refer in particular to a lamp - black surface as the source of the incident radiation . ) Thus the ratio E ( T , i ) / a ( T , i ) of emitting power to absorption ratio is a dimensioned quantity , with the dimensions of emitting power , because a ( T , i ) is dimensionless . Also here the wavelength - specific emitting power of the body at temperature T is denoted by E ( λ , T , i ) and the wavelength - specific absorption ratio by a ( λ , T , i ) . Again , the ratio E ( λ , T , i ) / a ( λ , T , i ) of emitting power to absorption ratio is a dimensioned quantity , with the dimensions of emitting power .
Root mean square
The RMS can be computed in the frequency domain , using Parseval 's theorem . For a sampled signal x ( n ) = x ( t = n T ) ( \ displaystyle x ( n ) = x ( t = nT ) ) , where T ( \ displaystyle T ) is the sampling period ,
T cell
In summary , β - selection is the first checkpoint , where the T cells that are able to form a functional pre-TCR with an invariant alpha chain and a functional beta chain are allowed to continue development in the thymus . Next , positive selection checks that T cells have successfully rearranged their TCRα locus and are capable of recognizing peptide - MHC complexes with appropriate affinity . Negative selection in the medulla then obliterates T cells that bind too strongly to self - antigens expressed on MHC molecules . These selection processes allow for tolerance of self by the immune system . Typical T cells that leave the thymus ( via the corticomedullarly junction ) are self - restricted , self - tolerant , and singly positive .
History of United States foreign policy
The U.S. Navy emerged as a major naval power thanks to modernization programs begun in the 1880s and adopted the sea power theories of Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan . The Army remained small but was reorganized in the Roosevelt Administration along modern lines and no longer focused on scattered forts in the West . The Philippine -- American War was a short operation to suppress insurgents and ensure U.S. control of the islands ; by 1907 , however , interest in the Philippines as an entry to Asia faded in favor of the Panama Canal , and American foreign policy centered on the Caribbean . The 1904 Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine , which proclaimed a right for the United States to intervene to stabilize weak states in the Americas , further weakened European influence in Latin America and further established U.S. regional hegemony .
Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
In several parts of the book , Captain Nemo is depicted as a champion of the world 's underdogs and downtrodden . In one passage , Captain Nemo is mentioned as providing some help to Greeks rebelling against Ottoman rule during the Cretan Revolt of 1866 -- 1869 , proving to Arronax that he had not completely severed all relations with mankind outside the Nautilus after all . In another passage , Nemo takes pity on a poor Indian pearl diver who must do his diving without the sophisticated diving suit available to the submarine 's crew , and who is doomed to die young due to the cumulative effect of diving on his lungs . Nemo approaches him underwater and gives him a whole pouch full of pearls , more than he could have acquired in years of his dangerous work . Nemo remarks that the diver as an inhabitant of British Colonial India , `` is an inhabitant of an oppressed country '' . Model
Peninsular War
In Cartagena , red cockades -- the traditional badge of the Bourbon monarchy -- were handed out to the people , and the garrison supported the rising , whereupon the captain general and the military governor were arrested . A provincial junta was established under a prominent admiral . In Zaragoza , where José Palafox , a brigadier of the elite Royal Guards , had been hiding outside the city , the conspirators ' agents steered the crowds into calling for him to lead them . The captain general was imprisoned , and Palafox was installed as de facto governor of Zaragoza and captain general of Aragon . He wasted no time in declaring war on Napoleon and , with his elder brother , commanded a series of attacks against the French that led to the First Siege of Zaragoza ( 15 June -- 14 August 1808 ) . Most major towns now had emergency administrations -- two exceptions were Cádiz , where the town council held sway , and Zaragoza , which was in the sole charge of Palafox -- but the resultant juntas refused the bourgeois revolution of Marxist legend .
Water potential
where M ( \ displaystyle M ) is the concentration in molarity of the solute , i ( \ displaystyle i ) is the van ' t Hoff factor , the ratio of amount of particles in solution to amount of formula units dissolved , R ( \ displaystyle R ) is the ideal gas constant , and T ( \ displaystyle T ) is the absolute temperature .
Brave New World
The World State is built upon the principles of Henry Ford 's assembly line : mass production , homogeneity , predictability , and consumption of disposable consumer goods . While the World State lacks any supernatural - based religions , Ford himself is revered as the creator of their society but not as a deity , and characters celebrate Ford Day and swear oaths by his name ( e.g. , `` By Ford ! '' ) . In this sense , some fragments of traditional religion are present , such as Christian crosses , which had their tops cut off to be changed to a `` T '' . In England , there is an Arch - Community - Songster of Canterbury , obviously continuing the Archbishop of Canterbury , and in America the Christian Science Monitor continues publication as The Fordian Science Monitor . The World State calendar numbers years in the `` AF '' era -- `` Anno Ford '' -- with the calendar beginning in AD 1908 , the year in which Ford 's first Model T rolled off his assembly line . The novel 's Gregorian calendar year is AD 2540 , but it is referred to in the book as AF 632 .
T-Dog (The Walking Dead)
Theodore `` T - Dog '' Douglas is a muscular and well - intentioned man , yet somewhat clumsy . In the episode `` Guts '' , T - Dog is one of a number of survivors who have come to Atlanta to scavenge for supplies . On the roof of the department store in which they have holed up , Merle Dixon , a virulent racist , attempts to assert his leadership over the group and beats T - Dog . Rick Grimes subdues Merle and handcuffs him to a pipe , leaving him under the watch of T - Dog while the rest of the group look for a way out . Rick and Glenn obtain a box truck , which Rick drives to one of the store 's cargo doors . In the rush to escape , T - Dog accidentally drops the key to the handcuffs down a drainpipe , leaving Merle trapped on the roof . T - Dog tries to apologize to Merle but Merle insists that T - Dog did it on purpose . T - Dog does , however , in an attempt to keep walkers from killing him , padlock a heavy chain to the roof access door . The entire group ( other than Merle ) is able to escape the city in the box truck . In the episode `` Tell It to the Frogs '' , T - Dog and the group return to the camp , where Merle 's brother Daryl becomes enraged to hear that his brother was abandoned . Rick , Glenn , and T - Dog return to Atlanta to save Merle at Daryl 's insistence , but find that Merle is gone , leaving his amputated hand behind . In the episode `` Vatos '' , the four of them search for Merle and the bag of guns that Rick dropped , and Glenn is captured by another group of survivors , along with the bag of guns . Rick , Daryl , and T - Dog confront the other group , and after recovering Glenn they return to camp on the outskirts of Atlanta . That evening , at dinner , the camp is overrun by a horde of zombies . In the episode `` Wildfire '' , T - Dog helps the group clean up after the attack , and the group agrees to seek shelter at the CDC . In the episode `` TS - 19 '' , the group reaches the CDC facility and are allowed in by the only remaining scientist , Edwin Jenner . Jenner eventually reveals that the building will soon self - destruct ; when it explodes , T - Dog barely manages to escape with the others .
Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End
In order to control the oceans , Lord Cutler Beckett executes anyone associated with piracy by ordering Davy Jones to destroy all pirate ships in the seas . Condemned prisoners sing `` Hoist the Colours '' to compel the nine Pirate Lords to convene at Shipwreck Cove to hold the Brethren Court . Because Captain Jack Sparrow , Pirate Lord of the Caribbean Sea , never named a successor before being killed , Captain Barbossa , Will Turner , Elizabeth Swann , Tia Dalma , and the crew of the Black Pearl plot to rescue Jack from Davy Jones ' Locker . Traveling to Singapore , the crew meet Captain Sao Feng ( Pirate Lord of the South China Sea ) , who owns navigational charts to the Locker . Beckett 's soldiers invade , but the crew escape . Will secretly promises to give Jack to Feng in return for the Pearl , which he will use to rescue his father Bootstrap Bill Turner from the Flying Dutchman .
Planck's law
In a second report made in 1859 , Kirchhoff announced a new general principle or law for which he offered a theoretical and mathematical proof , though he did not offer quantitative measurements of radiation powers . His theoretical proof was and still is considered by some writers to be invalid . His principle , however , has endured : it was that for heat rays of the same wavelength , in equilibrium at a given temperature , the wavelength - specific ratio of emitting power to absorption ratio has one and the same common value for all bodies that emit and absorb at that wavelength . In symbols , the law stated that the wavelength - specific ratio E ( λ , T , i ) / a ( λ , T , i ) has one and the same value for all bodies , that is for all values of index i . In this report there was no mention of black bodies .
The Flash (2014 TV series)
On April 19 , 2016 , a four - episode series of shorts , titled Chronicles of Cisco , premiered . The series , which was presented by AT&T , features Valdes and Britne Oldford reprise their role as Cisco Ramon and Shawna Baez / Peek - a-Boo , respectively . Set in the second season of the television series , the series sees Cisco attempting to make the Flash suit bulletproof and body - odor proof . While working on these , he receives a late - night Meta - Human Alert within S.T.A.R. Labs , and learns that Peek - a-Boo triggered the alert . She has come to S.T.A.R. Labs to make Cisco create a weapon for her , as he did for Golden Glider , Captain Cold , and Heatwave . When he does not cooperate , she shoots him . Cisco survives being shot , realizing that the orange soda he spilt on his shirt was the missing catalyst to his bulletproof formula . Cisco tries to bring Peek - a-Boo back to the pipeline , but she locks him in the cell instead . Cisco is then seen being woken up due to a call from Barry . He believes he dreamt the whole experience , until he finds the bullet that shot him on the ground .
47 Meters Down
As they journey out to the cage diving spot , Captain Taylor baits the sharks . Lisa is skeptical about the entire dive , but Captain Taylor dismisses her concerns . The locals dive first in the cage . Unbeknownst to everyone on the boat , the cable supporting the cage starts to fray . The men return to the surface unharmed and Captain Taylor prepares to send Lisa and Kate down . While Lisa and Kate are in the cage , it breaks off of the boat , sending them to the sea floor -- 47 meters down ( 154 ft . ) . This also takes them out of communication range . Kate swims up to forty meters to resume communications with Captain Taylor , who tells her Javier ( Chris J. Johnson ) will be coming down with a spare winch to pull them up . He also advises them to stay in the cage as the sharks are all around . Both women are quickly running out of air , but they wait in the cage until they see a torch in the distance . Thinking that Javier can not see them , Lisa swims out to get him , as Kate 's air is lower due to the previous swim . Lisa swims towards the light , low to the sea floor to avoid shark attacks from the bottom . A shark tries to attack Lisa but she swims into a small grotto to avoid it . Continuing to go towards the light , she comes to a crevasse with no bottom in sight .
Chromolithography
Twyman , Michael . A History of Chromolithography : Printed Colour for All . The British Library / Oak Knoll Press , 2013 . Friedman , Joan M. Colour Printing in England , 1486 - 1859 . Yale Center for British Art , 1978 . Henker , Michael . Von Senefelder zu Daumier : Die Anfange der Lithograpischen Kunst . K.G. Saur , 1988 . Jay , Robert . The Trade Card in Nineteenth - Century America . University of Missouri Press , 1987 . Last , Jay T . The Colour Explosion : Nineteenth - Century American Lithography . Hillcrest Press , 2005 . Marzio , Peter C. The Democratic Art : Pictures for a 19th - century America : Chromolithography , 1840 - 1900 . D.R. Godine , 1979 .
Eyepiece
F O V C ( \ displaystyle FOV_ ( C ) ) is the actual field of view , calculated in degrees . d ( \ displaystyle d ) is the diameter of the eyepiece field stop in mm . f T ( \ displaystyle f_ ( T ) ) is the focal length of the telescope , in mm .
The Gospel of Wealth
As Carnegie tried to live his life in a way that the wealthy and better looking could benefit from his wealth , he decided he needed to share his ideas with the public . In 1880 , he published his controversial views in an article entitled `` Wealth '' in the North American Review , an opinion magazine for America 's establishment . It was later published as `` The Gospel of Gold '' in the Pall Mall Gazette .
Thermal expansion
where Δ V / V ( \ displaystyle \ Delta V / V ) is the fractional change in volume ( e.g. , 0.002 ) and Δ T ( \ displaystyle \ Delta T ) is the change in temperature ( 50 ° C ) .
Andre Gunder Frank
During his career , Frank taught and did research in departments of anthropology , economics , geography , history , international relations , political science , and sociology . He worked at nine universities in North America , three in Latin America , and five in Europe . He gave countless lectures and seminars at dozens of universities and other institutions all around the world in English , French , Spanish , Portuguese , Italian , German and Dutch . Frank wrote widely on the economic , social and political history and contemporary development of the world system , the industrially developed countries , and especially of the Third World and Latin America . He produced over 1,000 publications in 30 languages . His last major article , `` East and West '' , appeared in the volume : `` Dar al Islam . The Mediterranean , the World System and the Wider Europe : The `` Cultural Enlargement '' of the EU and Europe 's Identity '' edited by Peter Herrmann ( University College Cork ) and Arno Tausch ( Innsbruck University ) , published by Nova Science Publishers , New York .
United States
In 1507 , the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a world map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America in honor of the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci ( Latin : Americus Vespucius ) . The first documentary evidence of the phrase `` United States of America '' is from a letter dated January 2 , 1776 , written by Stephen Moylan , Esq. , George Washington 's aide - de-camp and Muster - Master General of the Continental Army . Addressed to Lt. Col. Joseph Reed , Moylan expressed his wish to carry the `` full and ample powers of the United States of America '' to Spain to assist in the revolutionary war effort . The first known publication of the phrase `` United States of America '' was in an anonymous essay in The Virginia Gazette newspaper in Williamsburg , Virginia , on April 6 , 1776 .
List of Madagascar (franchise) characters
Lil ' Arms Magee : Lil ' Arms Magee , voiced by Rob Paulson , was a crocodile that worked for Captain Ethan . Magee , along with One - Eyed Simon and No Name Jack , worked for Ethan 's crew of pirates that operated the waters near Madagascar . Magee was first seen in the episode ' O ' Captain my Captain - Part 1 . ' His crew was sparring while King Julien , who had just gotten captured , watched . At the end , Jimmy was thrown overboard due to his lack of fighting skills . Throughout the three episodes that Magee appeared in , he was shown to have tiny arms just like the rest of his kind , and that resulted in stress . For example , when Julien tried to escape , he told Magee that there was a contest to see who could give Ethan the best hug . Magee is sad because he realizes that he would never win . But Julien offers to coach him only because he thinks he can grab the key to the jail cell . Out of all the pirates , Magee was shown to always have the most support for Julien . When Julien became captain and asked pirates questions about what they did , Magee and the other pirates sang him a song . Later , when Mort and Clover invaded to rescue Julien , Magee attacked them along with his mates . Magee was shown to have been knocked out by Clover along with Simon and jack . But later , the pirates woke up and chased down Julien , Mort , and Clover . Ethan was knocked out though , and Julien charmed the rest of the pirates with mangoes and got them to sail away . In the episode ' The Love Gauntlet , ' , when Karl and Chauncey 's plan to drown Julien and his parents in a volcano failed , Karl recruited the pirates to attack them . But Ethan missed Julien on a charge and drowned in the volcano , and Julien charmed the rest of the pirates with trophies to chase Karl and Chauncey away . Magee and his mates decided to give Julien 's parents a ride back to their island later , and Magee was never seen nor mentioned ever again .
Student's t-test
The t - test is any statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic follows a Student 's t - distribution under the null hypothesis .
Thermal expansion
The above approximation holds for small temperature and dimensional changes ( that is , when Δ T ( \ displaystyle \ Delta T ) and Δ L ( \ displaystyle \ Delta L ) are small ) ; but it does not hold if we are trying to go back and forth between volumetric and linear coefficients using larger values of Δ T ( \ displaystyle \ Delta T ) . In this case , the third term ( and sometimes even the fourth term ) in the expression above must be taken into account .
Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
In the 1960s , Anthony Bonner published a translation of the novel for Bantam Classics . A specially written introduction by Ray Bradbury , comparing Captain Nemo and Captain Ahab of Moby - Dick , was also included .
Time
An Egyptian device that dates to c. 1500 BC , similar in shape to a bent T - square , measured the passage of time from the shadow cast by its crossbar on a nonlinear rule . The T was oriented eastward in the mornings . At noon , the device was turned around so that it could cast its shadow in the evening direction .
Planck's law
The rate q ( ν , T , T ) of accumulation of energy in one sense into the cross-section of the body can then be expressed
Great Scott
It was also used in Legends of Tomorrow by Dr. Martin Stein ( in the episode `` Marooned '' ) , in Peter Pan 2 by Captain Hook , and in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets by Gilderoy Lockhart .
America's Got Talent (season 12)
^ 1 After the judges split evenly in the Judges ' Choice , Eric Jones was announced to have received more of America 's votes than The Masqueraders , and he advanced to the semi-finals .
Latin America
The Venezuelan Armando Reverón , whose work begins to be recognized internationally , is one of the most important artists of the 20th century in South America ; he is a precursor of Arte Povera and Happening . From the 60s the kinetic art emerges in Venezuela , its main representatives are Jesús Soto , Carlos Cruz - Diez , Alejandro Otero and Gego .
Ant-Man and the Wasp
Reed stated in early December that the film may `` call back '' to the heist film genre and tone of Ant - Man , but that Ant - Man and the Wasp would `` have an entirely different genre template '' . He hoped to incorporate additional flashback sequences in the film , as well as explore Pym 's various identities from the comics and his psychology . Reed also said he was `` excited '' about exploring and discovering the film version of the Ant - Man and Wasp relationship that is `` a romantic partnership and a heroic partnership '' in the comics , a `` different dynamic than we 've seen in the rest of the ( MCU ) , an actual partnership . '' Additionally , Reed mentioned that pre-production would `` probably '' start in October 2016 , with filming scheduled for early 2017 . Production writers for the first film , Gabriel Ferrari and Andrew Barrer , signed on to write the script along with Rudd , with writing starting `` in earnest '' in January 2016 . The next month , McKay stated that he would be involved with the film in some capacity . By April , the four writers and Reed had been `` holed up in a room ... brainstorming the story '' , with Reed promising that it would have `` stuff in it that you 've never ever seen in a movie before '' . Feige added that they wanted to `` stay true to what made ( Ant - Man ) so unique and different '' , and teased the potential of seeing the Giant - Man version of Lang that had been introduced in Captain America : Civil War .
Abduwali Muse
Abduwali Muse ( Somali : Cabdiweli Cabdiqaadir Muuse ; pronounced ( ʕɑbdɪwɛli ʕɑbdɪqɑːdɪr muːsɛ ) ; English pronunciation ( help info ) ) is a Somali pirate . He is the sole survivor of four pirates who hijacked the MV Maersk Alabama in April 2009 and then held Captain Richard Phillips for ransom . On February 16 , 2011 , Muse was sentenced to over 33 years in U.S. federal prison .
Speed of sound
T is the temperature in degrees Celsius ; S is the salinity in parts per thousand ; z is the depth in meters .
T cell
While in most cases activation is dependent on TCR recognition of antigen , alternative pathways for activation have been described . For example , cytotoxic T cells have been shown to become activated when targeted by other CD8 T cells leading to tolerization of the latter .
List of The Last Ship characters
Commander Stavros Diomedes is a member of the Hellenic Navy allied with the Vellek family . He commands the Hydra class battle ship HS Proteus , which is used by the Vellek family in their exploits , in addition to helping Giorgio Vellek scout for new fighters for his fight clubs run on islands in the Mediterranean . He is later promoted to Admiral and placed in charge of the navy after Paul Vellek spikes Admiral Demetrius with a concentrated form of the Nostros weed , rendering him docile . When the HS Proteus is destroyed , he takes control of the HS Triton alongside Captain Maroudiss . He is shot and killed by Lieutenant Commander Kara Green whilst shooting at the USS Nathan James with an M2 Browning machine gun . He is portrayed by Christos Vasilopoulos . Demetrius