vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Caste system in India
A 2003 article in The Telegraph claimed that inter-caste marriage and dating were common in urban India . Indian societal and family relationships are changing because of female literacy and education , women at work , urbanisation , the need for two - income families , and global influences through television . Female role models in politics , academia , journalism , business , and India 's feminist movement have accelerated the change . Caste
Postage stamps and postal history of India
From 1 January 1926 all printing and overprinting of India ' postage stamps was conducted at India Security Press , Nasik . The possibility of printing postage stamps and other security items in India had been enquired into before the First World War but could not be pursued at that time . In 1922 , the feasibility of this issue was explored in England by Lt Col C.H. Willis , C.I.E. , then master of the Bombay Mint , and Mr F.D. Ascoti , I.C.S. , Controller of Printing , Stationery and Stamps . Their favourable report , followed by a successful demonstration of production techniques in Delhi in 1923 , led to the decision of the Government to establish a security press at Nashik . The responsibility of setting up the Press was entrusted to none other than the London firm of Thomas De La Rue which already had a six - decade long association with Indian stamps . The construction began in 1924 at an original estimate of Rs 271⁄2 lakhs and was completed in 1925 with additional costs of Rs 67 and 1 / 400,000 .
Chola dynasty
In the age of the Cholas , the whole of South India was for the first time brought under a single government .
Seneca Falls Convention
In 1870 , Paulina Wright Davis authored a history of the antebellum women 's rights movement , The History of the National Woman 's Rights Movement , and received approval of her account from many of the involved suffragists including Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton . Davis ' version gave the Seneca Falls meeting in 1848 a minor role , equivalent to other local meetings that had been held by women 's groups in the late 1840s . Davis set the beginning of the national and international women 's rights movement at Worcester , Massachusetts in 1850 , at the National Women 's Rights Convention when women from many states were invited , the influence of which was felt across the continent and in Great Britain . Stanton seemed to agree ; in an address to the National Woman Suffrage Association ( NWSA ) convention in 1870 , on the subject of the women 's rights movement , she said `` The movement in England , as in America , may be dated from the first National Convention , held at Worcester , Mass. , October , 1850 . ''
Name change
In India , the person concerned submits a name change request to an appropriate authority , with supporting documents . Subsequently , an application must be made to the Government Printing Press , which issues an Official Gazette Notification certifying the change of name .
History of Palau
Englishman Henry Wilson , captain of the East India Company 's packet ship Antelope , was shipwrecked off the island of Ulong in 1783 . The High Chief of ( Koror ) Palau allowed Captain Wilson to take his son , Prince Lee Boo , to England , where he arrived in 1784 . However , the prince died soon after of smallpox . The East India Company erected a monument over his grave in St Mary 's Churchyard , Rotherhithe . It was Wilson who gave the archipelago the name `` Pelew Islands '' .
Yahweh
During the Second Temple period , speaking the name of Yahweh in public became regarded as taboo . When reading from the scriptures , Jews began to substitute the divine name with the word adonai ( אֲדֹנָי ‬ ) , meaning `` Lord '' . The High Priest was permitted to speak the name once in the Temple during the Day of Atonement , but at no other time and in no other place . During the Hellenistic period , the scriptures were translated into Greek by the Jews of the Egyptian diaspora . Greek translations of the Hebrew scriptures render both the tetragrammaton and adonai as kyrios ( κύριος ) , meaning `` the Lord '' . After the Temple was destroyed in 70 CE , the original pronunciation of the tetragrammaton was forgotten .
Jephthah
The story of Jephthah is found in the Old Testament Book of Judges , chapters 11 -- 12 . The Israelites `` again did what was evil in the sight of the Lord ... they forsook the Lord and did not serve him . So the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel , and he sold them into the hand of the Philistines and into the hand of the Ammonites ... '' .
Trent Affair
Russell was concerned that Lewis and Palmerston might take actions prematurely that would eliminate what chances for peace that there were , so he requested `` a small committee ... ( to ) assist Lewis , & the Duke of Somerset '' with their war plans . The group was created and convened on December 9 . The group consisted of Palmerston , Lewis , Somerset , Russell , Newcastle , Lord Granville ( foreign secretary ) and the Duke of Cambridge ( commander - in - chief of the British Army ) , advised by Earl de Grey ( Lewis ' undersecretary ) , Lord Seaton ( a former commander - in - chief in Canada ) , General John Fox Burgoyne ( the inspector general of fortifications ) and Colonel P.L. MacDougall ( the former commander of the Royal Canadian Rifles ) . The first priority of the committee was Canadian defense , and the committee relied on both plans developed by previous explorations of the issue and information that the committee developed on its own from the testimony of experts .
Stress (linguistics)
I did n't take the test yesterday . ( Somebody else did . ) I did n't take the test yesterday . ( I did not take it . ) I did n't take the test yesterday . ( I did something else with it . ) I did n't take the test yesterday . ( I took a different one . ) I did n't take the test yesterday . ( I took something else . ) I did n't take the test yesterday . ( I took it some other day . )
Colonial history of the United States
Randall Miller points out that `` America had no titled aristocracy ... although one aristocrat , Lord Thomas Fairfax , did take up residence in Virginia in 1734 . '' Lord Fairfax ( 1693 - 1781 ) was a Scottish baron who came to America permanently to oversee his family 's vast land holdings . Historian Arthur Schlesinger says that he `` was unique among the permanent comers in bearing so high a rank as baron . '' He was a patron of George Washington and was not disturbed during the war .
List of The Mortal Instruments characters
At the beginning of City of Fallen Angels , Maia and Simon are casually dating , while Simon , not to her or Isabelle 's knowledge , ends up also casually dating Isabelle . The truth of Simon 's actions comes out just as Maia runs into her ex-boyfriend Jordan Kyle . Jordan , who had recently become acquainted with Simon , was the one who turned Maia into a werewolf . However , Jordan 's actions were not what they seemed to be , as he had just become a new werewolf when he bit her and therefore unable to control his actions . Maia is understandably angry to have him back in her life due to his abusiveness during their relationship and him turning her into a werewolf , but when she learns the truth behind what Jordan did , she understands and even seems to forgive him when realizing he is genuinely regretful of his past actions towards her . Towards the end of the book , after she and Jordan have helped Isabelle and Alec look for Simon , she and Jordan kiss and eventually reaffirm their relationship .
Thermal comfort
In naturally ventilated buildings , occupants take numerous actions to keep themselves comfortable when the indoor conditions drift towards discomfort . Operating windows and fans , adjusting blinds / shades , changing clothing , and consuming food and drinks are some of the common adaptive strategies . Among these , adjusting windows is the most common . Those occupants who take these sorts of actions tend to feel cooler at warmer temperatures than those who do not .
Acts of the Apostles
Luke was written to be read aloud to a group of Jesus - followers gathered in a house to share the Lord 's supper . The author assumes an educated Greek - speaking audience , but directs his attention to specifically Christian concerns rather than to the Greco - Roman world at large . He begins his gospel with a preface addressed to Theophilus , informing him of his intention to provide an `` ordered account '' of events which will lead his reader to `` certainty '' . He did not write in order to provide Theophilus with historical justification -- `` did it happen ? '' -- but to encourage faith -- `` what happened , and what does it all mean ? ''
Original sin
Thus did Adam disobey his Lord , so he went astray . Then his Lord chose him , and turned to him with forgiveness , and gave him guidance . --
Magic in Harry Potter
During the Order of Phoenix Snape is instructed by Dumbledore to give Harry lessons in Occlumency . Whether as a result of Snape 's poor instruction , or poor aptitude on Harry 's part , Harry did not make any progress . ( Only once did Harry manage to overcome Snape with the use of Occlumency . ) In Deathly Hallows , Harry finally masters Occlumency -- shutting his mind to Voldemort -- when Dobby dies . He realises that his grief -- or as Dumbledore calls it , love -- is what can block out the Dark Lord .
Izzie Stevens
People who are so infallible , perfect and moral tend to be the first to slip and fall . But I would love to see how she deals with the consequences of what she 's done , because what 's interesting is when people make decisions that shake their world , they suddenly have to go , ' Woo , I did n't know I was capable of this . ' I 'd like to see Izzie take some culpability .
Symbol
In response to intense public criticism , businesses , organizations , and governments may take symbolic actions rather than , or in addition to , directly addressing the identified problems .
Eagles (band)
In February 2013 , the Eagles released a career - spanning documentary called History of the Eagles and began the supporting tour with 11 US arena concerts in July . Henley said that the tour , which expanded internationally and continued until July 2015 , `` could very well be our last ... we 're gon na include at least one former band member in this tour and kinda go back to the roots , and how we created some of these songs . We 're gon na break it down to the fundamentals and then take it up to where it is now . '' Original Eagles guitarist Bernie Leadon also appeared on the tour . Walsh stated , `` Bernie 's brilliant , I never really got a chance to play with him , but we 've been in contact . We see him from time to time , and I 'm really glad he 's coming because it 's going to take the show up a notch , and I 'm really looking forward to playing with him , finally . '' Former members Randy Meisner and Don Felder did not appear . Meisner had been invited but could not participate for health reasons , while Felder was never asked . Though his lawsuits against the Eagles were settled in 2007 , Henley claimed that Felder continued to `` engage in legal action , of one kind or another '' against the band , but did not state what those actions were .
Articles of Confederation
Nevertheless , the Confederation Congress did take two actions with long - lasting impact . The Land Ordinance of 1785 and Northwest Ordinance created territorial government , set up protocols for the admission of new states and the division of land into useful units , and set aside land in each township for public use . This system represented a sharp break from imperial colonization , as in Europe , and it established the precedent by which the national ( later , federal ) government would be sovereign and expand westward -- as opposed to the existing states doing so under their sovereignty .
Medieval household
The second factor that brought about change was the early modern ascendancy of the individual , and focus on privacy . Already in the later Middle Ages castles had begun to incorporate an increasing number of private chambers , for the use both of the lord and of his servants . Once the castle was discarded to the benefit of palaces or stately homes , this tendency was reinforced . This did not mean an end to the employment of domestic servants , or even in all cases a reduction in household staff . What it did mean , however , was a realignment whereby the family -- in a genealogical sense -- became the cornerstone of the household .
Sabbath in Christianity
Protestant reformers , beginning in the 16th century , brought new interpretations of Christian law to the west . According to Bauckham , while Martin Luther and John Calvin repudiated the idea that Christians are bound to obey the Mosaic law , including the fourth of the Ten Commandments concerning Sabbath , they did follow Aquinas 's concept of natural law . They viewed Sunday rest as a civic institution established by human authority , which provided an occasion for bodily rest and public worship . In his work against the Antinomians , Luther rejected the idea that he had taught the abolition of the Ten Commandments . Another Protestant , John Wesley , stated `` This ' handwriting of ordinances ' our Lord did blot out , take away , and nail to His cross ( Col. 2 : 14 ) . But the moral law contained in the Ten Commandments , and enforced by the prophets , He did not take away ... The moral law stands on an entirely different foundation from the ceremonial or ritual law ... Every part of this law must remain in force upon all mankind and in all ages . ''
List of Death Note characters
Ohba said that he created Matt because when Mello started to act alone Ohba believed that he would find difficulty in explaining the story unless Mello had a character to talk to . Ohba jokingly said that even though Matt may appear to play video games and have no other actions , Matt 's existence was `` important '' . In response to a question inquiring about which characters the creators had the most difficulty creating , Ohba cited Matt and said `` Even I did n't know what kind of character he was ! ''
Great Britain in the Seven Years' War
The war had also brought to an end the `` Old System '' of alliances in Europe , In the years after the war , under the direction of Lord Sandwich , the British did try to re-establish this system but European states such as Austria and the Dutch Republic now saw Britain as a potentially greater threat than France and did not join them , while the Prussians were angered by what they considered a British betrayal in 1762 . Consequently , when the American War of Independence turned into a global war between 1778 -- 83 , Britain found itself opposed by a strong coalition of European powers , and lacking any substantial ally .
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
Yet the poem does leave one wondering what would have happened between Gawain and Lord Bertilak had Gawain been seduced by the Lady .
House of Lords
Traditionally the House of Lords did not elect its own speaker , unlike the House of Commons ; rather , the ex officio presiding officer was the Lord Chancellor . With the passage of the Constitutional Reform Act 2005 , the post of Lord Speaker was created , a position to which a peer is elected by the House and subsequently appointed by the Crown . The first Lord Speaker , elected on 4 May 2006 , was Baroness Hayman , a former Labour peer . As the Speaker is expected to be an impartial presiding officer , Baroness Hayman resigned from the Labour Party . In 2011 , Baroness D'Souza was elected as the second Lord Speaker , replacing Baroness Hayman in September 2011 . Baroness D'Souza was in turn succeeded by Lord Fowler in September 2016 , the incumbent Lord Speaker .
Leo (That '70s Show)
Leo is a permanently stoned hippie ( although he did become briefly cured when the Formans served him a cup of coffee in `` Long Away '' ) , the owner of a Foto Hut shop and Hyde 's employer . His marijuana use has left him quite dimwitted , to the point of doing nothing about misdeeds that are about to be performed by the teenagers that should be brought to the attention of parents or authorities , even if he disapproves of these actions . He has little regard for his major duties as a store owner and would rather take the time to play board games with Hyde than work .
Wonder Woman
In the Golden Age , Wonder Woman adhered to an Amazon code of helping any in need , even misogynistic people , and never accepting a reward for saving someone ; while conversely , the modern version of the character has been shown to perform lethal and fatal actions when left with no other alternative , exemplified in the killing of Maxwell Lord in order to save Superman 's life .
Bulk and Skull
Bulk and Skull are regressed to children due to Master Vile 's Orb of Doom . They would act like the bullies they were in the first season . Unlike what happened when Lord Zedd regressed time , Bulk and Skull did not have their memories altered to believe they were already acquainted with everyone they knew when Master Vile activated the orb . As a result , they did not recognize any of the rangers other than Billy . Bulk is briefly turned into the `` Brat Boy '' monster by Rita and Zedd during the course of the mini-series and battles the Aquitian Rangers , but soon rebels against his masters as his human self surfaces from within , prompting Rita and Zedd to return him to normalacy in retaliation .
(Don't Fear) The Reaper
Mojo described its creation : `` ' Guys , this is it ! ' engineer Shelly Yakus announced at the end of the first take . ' The legendary once - in - a-lifetime groove ! ' ... What evolved in the studio was the extended solo section ; it took them nearly as long to edit the five - minute track down to manageable length as it did to record it . ''
Cultural impact of the Beatles
The Beatles reinvented and expanded the terms of commercial and artistic achievement , treading new ground for their willingness to experiment and take risks . One criticism of the group 's work is that none of it was truly unprecedented . Author Bill Martin objects to this notion : `` There has always been experimentation in rock music ... Rock music is synthesis and transmutation ... ( but ) what was original about the Beatles is that they synthesized and transmuted more or less everything , they did this in a way that reflected their time , they reflected their time in a way that spoke to a great part of humanity , and they did all of this really , really well . '' Unterberger adds : `` they were among the few artists of any discipline that were simultaneously the best at what they did and the most popular at what they did . Relentlessly imaginative and experimental , the Beatles grabbed hold of the international mass consciousness in 1964 and never let go for the next six years , always staying ahead of the pack in terms of creativity but never losing their ability to communicate their increasingly sophisticated ideas to a mass audience . Their supremacy as rock icons remains unchallenged to this day , decades after their breakup in 1970 . ''
Governor General of Canada
An outgoing governor general may leave an eponymous award as a legacy , such as the Stanley Cup , the Clarkson Cup , the Vanier Cup , or the Grey Cup . They may found an institution , as Georges Vanier did with the Vanier Institute of the Family and Adrienne Clarkson with the Institute for Canadian Citizenship . Three former governors general have released memoirs : the Lord Tweedsmuir ( Memory Hold - the - Door ) , Vincent Massey ( On Being Canadian and What 's Past is Prologue ) , and Adrienne Clarkson ( Heart Matters ) .
Arizona Public Service
The outage appears to have been caused by the actions of an APS employee in the North Gila substation , and it is unknown why safeguards did not keep the outage limited to the Yuma area .
Greco-Persian Wars
The aftermath of the siege was to prove troublesome for Pausanias . Exactly what happened is unclear ; Thucydides gives few details , although later writers added plenty of lurid insinuations . Through his arrogance and arbitrary actions ( Thucydides says `` violence '' ) , Pausanias managed to alienate many of the Allied contingents , particularly those that had just been freed from Persian overlordship . The Ionians and others asked the Athenians to take leadership of the campaign , to which they agreed . The Spartans , hearing of his behaviour , recalled Pausanias and tried him on charges of collaborating with the enemy . Although he was acquitted , his reputation was tarnished and he was not restored to his command .
The Other Boleyn Girl (2003 film)
Meanwhile , Anne , portrayed as the younger sister ( despite being the older sister in the book ) falls in love with Lord Henry Percy , heir to the title of Duke of Northumberland . Lord Henry is already betrothed , either without Anne 's knowledge , but it is more likely that she does n't care . Anne and Henry frequently flirt and kiss , and , despite Mary 's warnings , soon consummate their affair when Mary is at the height of her power as the king 's mistress . It takes great courage for Mary to literally run to their parents and their uncle , who belittle Anne and tell her that she 's made a grave mistake and , despite her beliefs that they are betrothed , that the love of her life is already engaged to the daughter of an earl . The match was made by the king 's right - hand man , Cardinal Thomas Wolsey , with the king 's permission . Fearing that Anne will spoil Mary 's relationship with the king , the family plan to send her away , much to Anne 's devastation . George comforts Anne , but later leaves with their parents and uncle , while Mary attempts to explain why she did what she did . Anne screams to Mary that she will never forget what Mary has done , before Anne is exiled to the family seat of Hever Castle .
Pragmatism
Dewey was opposed to other ethical philosophies of his time , notably the emotivism of Alfred Ayer . Dewey envisioned the possibility of ethics as an experimental discipline , and thought values could best be characterized not as feelings or imperatives , but as hypotheses about what actions will lead to satisfactory results or what he termed consummatory experience . A further implication of this view is that ethics is a fallible undertaking , since human beings are frequently unable to know what would satisfy them .
Wonder Woman
One of the events that led to Infinite Crisis was of Wonder Woman killing the villain Maxwell Lord in Wonder Woman ( vol. 2 ) # 219 . Maxwell Lord was mind - controlling Superman , who as a result was near to killing Batman . Wonder Woman tried to stop Superman , Lord ( who was unable to mind control her ) made Superman see her as his enemy Doomsday trying to kill Lois Lane . Superman then attacked Wonder Woman , and a vicious battle ensued . Buying herself time by slicing Superman 's throat with her tiara , Wonder Woman caught Lord in her Lasso of Truth and demanded to know how to stop his control over Superman . As the lasso forced the wearer to speak only the truth , Lord told her that the only way to stop him was to kill him . Left with no choice , Wonder Woman snapped Lord 's neck and ended his control over Superman . Unknown to her , the entire scene was broadcast live around every channel in the world by Brother Eye . The viewers were not aware of the entire situation , and saw only Wonder Woman murdering a Justice League associate . Wonder Woman 's actions put her at odds with Batman and Superman , as they saw Wonder Woman as a cold - blooded killer , despite the fact that she saved their lives .