vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Aragorn
The first mention of Elrond 's daughter , named Finduilas , was made in reference to the banner she made for Aragorn , but Tolkien did not give any hint whether she had any further part to play . The references to her marriage with Aragorn came later , but it was explicitly stated only near the completion of the book . Only in his work on the appendices for The Lord of the Rings did Tolkien record the full tale of Aragorn and Arwen .
Law
However , the system became overly systematized -- overly rigid and inflexible . As a result , as time went on , increasing numbers of citizens petitioned the King to override the common law , and on the King 's behalf the Lord Chancellor gave judgment to do what was equitable in a case . From the time of Sir Thomas More , the first lawyer to be appointed as Lord Chancellor , a systematic body of equity grew up alongside the rigid common law , and developed its own Court of Chancery . At first , equity was often criticized as erratic , that it varied according to the length of the Chancellor 's foot . Over time , courts of equity developed solid principles , especially under Lord Eldon . In the 19th century in England , and in 1937 in the U.S. , the two systems were merged .
Battle of Towton
The country now had two kings -- a situation that could not be allowed to persist , especially if Edward was to be formally crowned . Edward offered amnesty to any Lancastrian supporter who renounced Henry . The move was intended to win over the commoners ; his offer did not extend to wealthy Lancastrians ( mostly the nobles ) . The young king summoned and ordered his followers to march towards York to take back his family 's city and to formally depose Henry through force of arms . The Yorkist army moved along three routes . Warwick 's uncle , Lord Fauconberg , led a group to clear the way to York for the main body , which was led by Edward . The Duke of Norfolk was sent east to raise forces and rejoin Edward before the battle . Warwick 's group moved to the west of the main body , through the English Midlands , gathering men as they went . On 28 March , the leading elements of the Yorkist army came upon the remains of the crossing in Ferrybridge that spanned the River Aire . They were rebuilding the bridge when they were attacked and routed by a small band of Lancastrians , consisting of approximately 500 men led by Lord Clifford .
Breaking the Waves
The film was made using Panavision equipment . The low - res look of the scenes was obtained by transferring the film to video , and then back to film again . According to von Trier , `` what we did was take a style and lay it like a filter over the story . It 's like decoding a television signal when you pay to see a film . Here we encoded the film , and the audience has to decode it . The raw , documentary style that I imposed on the film , which actually dissolves and contradicts it , means that we can accept the story as it is . ''
Quakers
Some Friends are non-Sabbatarians , holding that `` every day is the Lord 's day '' , and that what should be done on a First Day should be done every day of the week , although Meeting for Worship is usually held on a First Day , which has been advised since the first advice issued by elders in 1656 .
Hail Mary
Martin Luther , the founder of Lutheranism , believed that Mary should be held in highest reverence . Although he did not agree with Mary 's veneration , he did advocate the use of the first half of the Hail Mary ( that is , `` Hail Mary , full of grace , the Lord is with thee . Blessed art thou amongst women and blessed is the fruit of thy womb , Jesus . '' ) as a sign of reverence for and devotion to the Virgin .
Victoria Cross
Between 1858 and 1881 the Victoria Cross could be awarded for actions taken `` under circumstances of extreme danger '' not in the face of the enemy . Six such awards were made during this period -- five of them for a single incident during an Expedition to the Andaman Islands in 1867 . In 1881 , the criteria were changed again and the VC was only awarded for acts of valour `` in the face of the enemy '' . Due to this it has been suggested by many historians including Lord Ashcroft that the changing nature of warfare will result in fewer VCs being awarded .
Sinner's prayer
God be merciful to me a sinner , and make me to know and believe in Jesus Christ ; for I see , that if his righteousness had not been , or I have not faith in that righteousness , I am utterly cast away . Lord , I have heard that thou art a merciful God , and hast ordained that thy Son Jesus Christ should be the Savior of the world ; and moreover , that thou art willing to bestow him upon such a poor sinner as I am -- and I am a sinner indeed . Lord , take therefore this opportunity , and magnify thy grace in the salvation of my soul , through thy Son Jesus Christ . Amen .
Home Alone 2: Lost in New York
Kevin , after remembering what the bandits said , returns to the townhouse and rigs it with numerous booby traps . Kevin arrives at the toy store during Harry and Marv 's robbery , throws a brick through the window , setting off the store 's alarm . Kevin then lures the duo to the townhouse , where he springs the traps and Harry and Marv suffer various injuries . When the duo chase Kevin around the townhouse , he escapes and calls the police . Harry and Marv catch him take him down to Central Park to kill him , but the pigeon lady sneaks in and incapacitates the duo with birdseed before they can do anything , and Kevin sets off fireworks he had bought earlier to signal the police . The police arrive and arrest Harry and Marv . At the toy store , Mr. Duncan finds a note from Kevin attached to the brick explaining his actions .
History of the United Kingdom
Prime Ministers of the period included : William Pitt the Younger , Lord Grenville , Duke of Portland , Spencer Perceval , Lord Liverpool , George Canning , Lord Goderich , Duke of Wellington , Lord Grey , Lord Melbourne , and Sir Robert Peel .
Lord
Various other high offices of state in the United Kingdom , Commonwealth and Republic of Ireland are prefixed with the deferential appellation of `` lord '' such as Lord Chancellor , Lord Privy Seal , Lord President of the Council and Lord Mayor . Holders of these offices are not ex officio peers , although the holders of some of the offices were in the past always peers .
Pam Beesly
Heeding the advice , Fischer said little during the auditions , during which she was interviewed in character by show producers , in an improvisational format , to imitate the show 's documentary premise . `` My take on the character of Pam was that she did n't have any media training , so she did n't know how to be a good interview . And also , she did n't care about this interview , '' she told NPR . `` So , I gave very short one - word answers and I tried very hard not to be funny or clever , because I thought that the comedy would come out of just , you know , the real human reactions to the situation ... and they liked that take on it . ''
Jim Thorpe
I hope I will be partly excused by the fact that I was simply an Indian schoolboy and did not know all about such things . In fact , I did not know that I was doing wrong , because I was doing what I knew several other college men had done , except that they did not use their own names ...
Jury trial
The Seventh Amendment does not guarantee or create any right to a jury trial ; rather , it preserves the right to jury trial in the federal courts that existed in 1791 at common law . In this context , common law means the legal environment the United States inherited from England . In England in 1791 , civil actions were divided into actions at law and actions in equity . Actions at law had a right to a jury , actions in equity did not . Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Rule 2 says `` ( t ) here is one form of action -- the civil action '' , which abolishes the legal / equity distinction . Today , in actions that would have been `` at law '' in 1791 , there is a right to a jury ; in actions that would have been `` in equity '' in 1791 , there is no right to a jury . However , Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 39 ( c ) allows a court to use one at its discretion . To determine whether the action would have been legal or equitable in 1791 , one must first look at the type of action and whether such an action was considered `` legal '' or `` equitable '' at that time . Next , the relief being sought must be examined . Monetary damages alone were purely a legal remedy , and thus entitled to a jury . Non-monetary remedies such as injunctions , rescission , and specific performance were all equitable remedies , and thus up to the judge 's discretion , not a jury . In Beacon Theaters v. Westover , 359 U.S. 500 ( 1959 ) , the US Supreme Court discussed the right to a jury , holding that when both equitable and legal claims are brought , the right to a jury trial still exists for the legal claim , which would be decided by a jury before the judge ruled on the equitable claim .
France in the American Revolutionary War
France did consider the landing of 40,000 men in the nearby British Isles but abandoned the idea because of logistical issues . On the continent , France was protected through its alliance with Austria which , even if it did not take part in the American Revolutionary War , affirmed its diplomatic support of France .
2 Fast 2 Furious
Vin Diesel was offered $25 million to return in the sequel as Dominic Toretto . However , he refused after reading the screenplay as he felt that its potential was inferior compared to that of its predecessor ; rather , he chose to appear in The Chronicles of Riddick . According to Variety magazine in 2015 he was less taken with what the screenwriters had in mind for the film , `` They did n't take a Francis Ford Coppola approach to it . They approached it like they did sequels in the ' 80s and ' 90s , when they would drum up a new story unrelated for the most part , and slap the same name on it . '' However , Diesel reflected on his decision in a July 2014 report from Uproxx , saying : `` I would 've said , ' Do n't walk away from it just because the script sucked in 2 Fast 2 Furious because there 's an obligation to the audience to fight , no matter what , to make that film as good as possible . ' ( ... ) I might have had a little bit more patience or belief in the long - term of it . ''
Arthur Phillip
Further , soon after Lord Sydney appointed him governor of New South Wales Arthur Phillip drew up a detailed memorandum of his plans for the proposed new colony . In one paragraph he wrote : `` The laws of this country ( England ) will of course , be introduced in ( New ) South Wales , and there is one that I would wish to take place from the moment his Majesty 's forces take possession of the country : That there can be no slavery in a free land , and consequently no slaves . '' Nevertheless , Phillip believed in discipline ; floggings and hangings were commonplace , although Philip commuted many death sentences .
Quakers
Governance and decision making is conducted at a special meeting for worship -- often called a meeting for worship with a concern for business or meeting for worship for church affairs at which all members can attend , as in a Congregational church . Quakers consider this to be a form of worship , conducted in the manner of meeting for worship . They believe this is the gathering of believers who wait upon the Lord to discover God 's will , believing that they are not making their own decisions . They seek to understand God 's will for the religious community , via the actions of the Holy Spirit within the meeting .
The Governor (The Walking Dead)
In the mid-season premiere `` What Happened and What 's Going On '' , the Governor appears , along with Beth Greene , Bob Stookey , Martin , and Lizzie and Mika Samuels , during Tyreese 's hallucinations after Tyreese is bitten by a walker . While Beth , Bob , and the girls comfort Tyreese , the Governor taunts him about his past actions and inability to do what is `` necessary '' . The Governor , especially , criticizes Tyreese 's choices , particularly in forgiving Carol for murdering Karen . The Governor reminds Tyreese that he promised to do what it took to earn his keep , but he failed to adapt . However , Tyreese stands up and confronts him . However The Governor `` pushes '' Tyreese to the ground while still pressing his point . Tyreese ultimately dies in peace , and the vision of the Governor fades away .
Michael J. Fox
In Lucky Man , Fox wrote that he did not take his medication prior to his testimony before the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee in 1999 ( full C - SPAN video clip ) ; I
Sinking of the RMS Titanic
In the aftermath of the sinking , public inquiries were set up in Britain and the United States . The US inquiry began on 19 April under the chairmanship of Senator William Alden Smith , and the British inquiry commenced in London under Lord Mersey on 2 May 1912 . They reached broadly similar conclusions : the regulations on the number of lifeboats that ships had to carry were out of date and inadequate ; Captain Smith had failed to take proper heed of ice warnings ; the lifeboats had not been properly filled or crewed ; and the collision was the direct result of steaming into a danger area at too high a speed . Both inquiries strongly criticised Captain Lord of Californian for failing to render assistance to Titanic .
Migration in China
Low incidents of labor contracts are a main form of labor standards violations , which allows employers to further violate labor rights in many other aspects . According to a survey conducted by the Ministry of Urban and Rural Development , Ministry of Labor and Social Security and the All - China Federation of Trade Unions in 2004 , only between 10 % and 37.5 % of the migrants working in the construction industry signed labor contracts . A recent research by the Jinan Daily demonstrates that eight out of ten migrant workers did not know what the labor contract was . Many employers thus take advantage of migrant workers ' unawareness and do not fulfill their obligations to sign labor contracts .
South Park: The Fractured but Whole
The levels were designed to allow combat ; when battles take place the player is not taken to an abstract map as in The Stick of Truth . Schroeder said , `` when we have to cut away from a certain background for the fighting it kind of broke the feeling of I 'm fighting where I 'm exploring so we thought about what can we do to make the place I 'm exploring also the combat space ? '' The team considered removing movement from a previously explorable area did not work , so they added movement to combat , which in turn led to the more tactical combat in The Fractured but Whole . Schroeder described the concept as a mixture of Parker 's affection for board games and Stone 's preference for shooter , action , and sports games . The design team retained the turn - based combat system of The Stick of Truth because it better enabled the implementation of timing for jokes . Parker invited Schroeder and lead designer Ken Strickland to play the board game Star Wars : Imperial Assault , which helped them develop a unified jargon language and a common understanding of the game 's campaign . Later in development , Parker and Stone played early builds of the game , helping them visualize their planned changes . They wrote out ideas for changes and feedback on a whiteboard , which the Ubisoft team used to understand what was required of them . Parker and Stone watched Let 's Play videos by PewDiePie of The Stick of Truth to observe a consumer playing it and giving feedback about the game and considering what worked and what did not work .
Buckingham Palace
Smaller ceremonies such as the reception of new ambassadors take place in the `` 1844 Room '' . Here too , the Queen holds small lunch parties , and often meetings of the Privy Council . Larger lunch parties often take place in the curved and domed Music Room , or the State Dining Room . Since the bombing of the palace chapel in World War II , royal christenings have sometimes taken place in the Music Room . The Queen 's first three children were all baptised there . On all formal occasions , the ceremonies are attended by the Yeomen of the Guard in their historic uniforms , and other officers of the court such as the Lord Chamberlain .
Ciompi Revolt
His ascension to the position of Signore and Gonfaloniere was literally a story about a man who went from rags to riches . He walked into the Palace barefooted and took control at the people 's request . This scene inspired awe even in the eyes of some of the Signory ( despite their compromised position ) . Alamanno Acciaioli was quoted saying , `` ... He ( di Lando ) was given the Signory and they ( the people ) wished him to be Standard - Bearer of Justice and lord ( signore ) ... this Michele di Lando , wool comber , was lord of Florence for twenty - eight hours and more . This is the result of quarrelsomeness and innovation ! O dear Lord , what great miracles you show us ! ... '' Upon Michele di Lando 's ascension to power , the `` Eight of War '' ( who thought themselves as effective rulers of Florence ) wanted to appoint replacements for the Signory . Di Lando dismissed them , wanting to show that he could govern without their assistance , and chose the electoral candidates himself . Once he secured his power , di Lando 's government allied with the Popolo di Firenze , infuriating radical members of the Popolo Minuto ( who elected their `` Eight Saints '' to oppose di Lando ) . After the final clash with the radicals , the Signory retook office at the end of Michele di Lando 's term . This regime did not last long , it was overthrown again in 1382 and di Lando was sent into exile as a collaborator with the Signory .
Anaphora (rhetoric)
The voice of the Lord is over the waters ; the God of glory thunders , the Lord , over many waters . The voice of the Lord is powerful ; the voice of the Lord is full of majesty .
Rhode Island
During King Philip 's War ( 1675 -- 1676 ) , the Wampanoag tribe under war - leader Metacomet , whom the colonists called King Philip , invaded and burned down several of the towns in the area -- including Providence , which was attacked twice . A force of Massachusetts , Connecticut , and Plymouth militia under General Josiah Winslow invaded and destroyed the fortified Narragansett Indian village in the Great Swamp in what is now South Kingstown , Rhode Island on December 19 , 1675 . In one of the final actions of the war , an Indian associated with Benjamin Church killed King Philip in what is now Bristol , Rhode Island .
Labor history of the United States
The Republicans exploited public anger at the unions in 1946 , winning a smashing landslide . Labor responded afterwards by taking strong actions . The CIO systematically purged communists and far - left sympathizers from leadership roles in its unions . The CIO expelled some unions that resisted the purge , notably its third - largest affiliate the United Electrical , Radio and Machine Workers of America ( UE ) , and set up a new rival union to take away the UE membership .
History of the Isle of Wight
The first Governor to hold the crown representative title used now of Lord - Lieutenant was Lord Mountbatten of Burma until his murder in 1979 . Lord Mottistone was the last Lord Lieutenant to also hold the title Governor ( from 1992 to 1995 ) . Since 1995 there has been no Governor appointed and Mr Christopher Bland has been the Lord Lieutenant .
The Doctors (talk show)
In Vietnam , the program is called Các Bác sĩ nói gì ? ( lit Vietnamese What did the Doctors say ? )
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
In contrast , others argue that the poem focuses mostly on the opinions , actions , and abilities of men . For example , on the surface , it appears that Bertilak 's wife is a strong leading character . By adopting the masculine role , she appears to be an empowered individual , particularly in the bedroom scene . This is not entirely the case , however . While the Lady is being forward and outgoing , Gawain 's feelings and emotions are the focus of the story , and Gawain stands to gain or lose the most . The Lady `` makes the first move '' , so to speak , but Gawain ultimately decides what is to become of those actions . He , therefore , is in charge of the situation and even the relationship .
Joseph McCarthy
The actions of the junior Senator from Wisconsin have caused alarm and dismay amongst our allies abroad , and given considerable comfort to our enemies . And whose fault is that ? Not really his . He did n't create this situation of fear ; he merely exploited it -- and rather successfully . Cassius was right : `` The fault , dear Brutus , is not in our stars , but in ourselves . ''
Flint water crisis
On January 22 , 2016 , two MDEQ employees ( Liane Shekter Smith , former chief of the department 's Office of Drinking Water and Municipal Assistance ; and Steve Busch , former district supervisor in the division ) were suspended , pending an investigation , as a result of questions regarding actions related to water testing in Flint . In response , Snyder said , `` Michiganders need to be able to depend on state government to do what 's best for them and in the case of the DEQ that means ensuring their drinking water is safe . Some DEQ actions lacked common sense and that resulted in this terrible tragedy in Flint . I look forward to the results of the investigation to ensure these mistakes do n't happen again . '' Smith was fired on February 5 , 2016 .
Rory Gilmore
`` What to me had not been done was a girl who was n't fucking around at 14 . A girl who was not interested in boys , not because of an aversion to boys , but who just was academically goal - oriented and really that 's what made her tick . And a girl who was very comfortable in her skin . Did n't need to be popular , was n't popular , but did n't care . Did n't look longingly at the group over by the soda fountain with the good shoes . Because she had her best friend , her mom , and she had her other friend , and she had her life . And her life is good . ''
Two Treatises of Government
This does not yet say why an individual is allowed to take from the common store of nature . There is a necessity to do so to eat , but this does not yet establish why others must respect one 's property , especially as they labour under the like necessity . Locke assures his readers that the state of nature is a state of plenty : one may take from communal store if one leaves a ) enough and b ) as good for others , and since nature is bountiful , one can take all that one can use without taking anything from someone else . Moreover , one can take only so much as one can use before it spoils . There are then two provisos regarding what one can take , the `` enough and as good '' condition and `` spoilage . ''
Git
Take Concurrent Versions System ( CVS ) as an example of what not to do ; if in doubt , make the exact opposite decision Support a distributed , BitKeeper - like workflow Include very strong safeguards against corruption , either accidental or malicious
Military history of Australia during World War I
The last - ditched effort by the Germans to win the war came to a grinding halt in mid-July and after that there followed a brief period of lull , during which time the Australians undertook a series of small unit actions aimed at capturing parts of the German line with limited support . These actions became known as Peaceful Penetrations and were essentially a cross between trench raids and patrolling . Their success relied heavily upon the leadership and initiative of junior commanders and the ability of soldiers to employ principles of fire and manouevre . This lull did not last long , however , as the Allies were soon ready to launch their own offensive , known as the Hundred Days Offensive , which would ultimately bring about an end to the war .