vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Environmental issues in Delhi
Air pollution in Delhi is caused mainly by industry and vehicles . As many as 10,000 people a year may die prematurely in Delhi as a result of air pollution . According to one study , Delhi citizens would live on average an extra nine years if Delhi met WHO air quality standards . The 1997 White Paper sponsored by the Ministry of Environment and Forests already proposed various measures to bring down pollution caused by traffic , including smoothing the flow of traffic with parking regulations and bringing down total traffic by mandatory limits on driving . City authorities claim to have had some success in bringing down air pollution ; for instance , during the bidding process for the 2014 Asian Games , the city 's organizing committee had claimed that `` pollution levels had come down drastically in Delhi with the arrival of Metro rail as well as all public transport vehicle being run compulsorily on CNG ( Compressed Natural Gas ) . ''
Air Jordan
The Air Jordan V saw a lot of use in popular sitcom The Fresh Prince of Bel - Air . During many episodes Will Smith wore the ' metallic silver ' , ' grape ' , and ' fire red ' colorway . To pay tribute to his character , Jordan released the Air Jordan 5 Bel Air in 2013 .
Respiratory system
This marked difference between the composition of the alveolar air and that of the ambient air can be maintained because the functional residual capacity is contained in dead - end sacs connected to the outside air by fairly narrow and relatively long tubes ( the airways : nose , pharynx , larynx , trachea , bronchi and their branches down to the bronchioles ) , through which the air has to be breathed both in and out ( i.e. there is no unidirectional through - flow as there is in the bird lung ) . This typical mammalian anatomy combined with the fact that the lungs are not emptied and re-inflated with each breath ( leaving a substantial volume of air , of about 2.5 - 3.0 liters , in the alveoli after exhalation ) , ensures that the composition of the alveolar air is only minimally disturbed when the 350 ml of fresh air is mixed into it with each inhalation . Thus the animal is provided with a very special `` portable atmosphere '' , whose composition differs significantly from the present - day ambient air . It is this portable atmosphere ( the functional residual capacity ) to which the blood and therefore the body tissues are exposed -- not to the outside air .
Events leading to the attack on Pearl Harbor
Nevertheless , because it was believed Pearl Harbor had natural defenses against torpedo attack ( e.g. , the shallow water ) , the Navy did not deploy torpedo nets or baffles , which were judged to inconvenience ordinary operations . As a result of limited numbers of long - range aircraft ( including Army Air Corps bombers ) , reconnaissance patrols were not being made as often or as far out as required for adequate coverage against possible surprise attack ( they improved considerably , with far fewer remaining planes , after the attack ) . The Navy had 33 PBYs in the islands , but only three on patrol at the time of the attack . Hawaii was low on the priority list for the B - 17s finally becoming available for the Pacific , largely because General MacArthur in the Philippines was successfully demanding as many as could be made available to the Pacific ( where they were intended as a deterrent ) . The British , who had contracted for them , even agreed to accept fewer to facilitate this buildup . At the time of the attack , Army and Navy were both on training status rather than operational alert .
The Merchant of Venice
The climax of the play takes place in the court of the Duke of Venice . Shylock refuses Bassanio 's offer of 6,000 ducats , twice the amount of the loan . He demands his pound of flesh from Antonio . The Duke , wishing to save Antonio but unable to nullify a contract , refers the case to a visitor . He identifies himself as Balthazar , a young male `` doctor of the law '' , bearing a letter of recommendation to the Duke from the learned lawyer Bellario . The doctor is Portia in disguise , and the law clerk who accompanies her is Nerissa , also disguised as a man . As Balthazar , Portia repeatedly asks Shylock to show mercy in a famous speech , advising him that mercy `` is twice blest : It blesseth him that gives and him that takes '' ( IV , i , 185 ) . However , Shylock adamantly refuses any compensations and insists on the pound of flesh .
History of women in the United States
In 1966 , at the third National Conference of State Commissions on the Status of Women , the conference organizers did not allow resolutions or actions of any kind meant to abolish discrimination against women , so some women who were attending decided to form an advocacy organization of their own . Cornering a large table at the conference luncheon , so that they could start organizing before they had to rush for planes , each of those women chipped in five dollars , Betty Friedan wrote the acronym NOW on a napkin , and the National Organization for Women was created . Its first meeting was held on June 28 , 1966 in Betty Friedan 's hotel room , with 28 women attending . At its first conference in October 1966 , Friedan was elected NOW 's first president , and her fame as the author of the bestselling book The Feminine Mystique helped attract thousands of women to the organization . Friedan drafted NOW 's original Statement of Purpose , which began , `` The purpose of NOW is to take action to bring women into full participation in the mainstream of American society now , exercising all the privileges and responsibilities thereof in truly equal partnership with men . '' Furthermore , in 1966 , Congresswoman Martha Griffiths admonished the EEOC on the floor of Congress for their failure to enforce the prohibition against sex discrimination in employment .
Tennessee in the American Civil War
The election , be it remembered , takes place on the 9th , and the Delegates meet in Convention on the 25th instant . If you desire to wait until you are tied hand and foot then vote for the men who advocate the ' watch and wait ' policy . If you think you have rights and are the superiors of the black man then vote for the men who will not sell you out , body and soul to the Yankee Republicans - for men who would rather see Tennessee independent out of the Union , then in the Union subjugated . ( emphasis in original )
Air Jordan
In the movie He Got Game , the Air Jordan XIII was worn by Jake Shuttlesworth ( Denzel Washington ) . Ray Allen , who played Jake 's son Jesus in the film , wore them when he broke Reggie Miller 's all - time record for made three - point shots during a game against the Lakers in Boston during the 2011 season . The Jordan Brand re-released the Air Jordan XIII at the end of 2010 , which included the French Blue / Flint Grey , White / Red - Black , `` Playoff '' color way and the Black / Altitude Green color way . In 2017 , Jordan Brand released the `` History of Flight '' colorway . This colorway is from the 2009 World Basketball Festival , where the `` History of Flight '' collection was revealed to celebrate Jordan 's 25th anniversary .
Respiratory system
The volume of air that moves in or out ( at the nose or mouth ) during a single breathing cycle is called the tidal volume . In a resting adult human it is about 500 ml per breath . At the end of exhalation the airways contain about 150 ml of alveolar air which is the first air that is breathed back into the alveoli during inhalation . This volume air that is breathed out of the alveoli and back in again is known as dead space ventilation , which has the consequence that of the 500 ml breathed into the alveoli with each breath only 350 ml ( 500 ml - 150 ml = 350 ml ) is fresh warm and moistened air . Since this 350 ml of fresh air is thoroughly mixed and diluted by the air that remains in the alveoli after normal exhalation ( i.e. the functional residual capacity of about 2.5 -- 3.0 liters ) , it is clear that the composition of the alveolar air changes very little during the breathing cycle ( see Fig. 9 ) . The oxygen tension ( or partial pressure ) remains close to 13 - 14 kPa ( about 100 mm Hg ) , and that of carbon dioxide very close to 5.3 kPa ( or 40 mm Hg ) . This contrasts with composition of the dry outside air at sea level , where the partial pressure of oxygen is 21 kPa ( or 160 mm Hg ) and that of carbon dioxide 0.04 kPa ( or 0.3 mmHg ) .
List of Ed, Edd n Eddy characters
The Ed , Edd n Eddy animated television series , consists of 135 stories , features an extensive cast of characters created by Danny Antonucci . The series takes place in the fictional town of Peach Creek . The number of characters in Ed , Edd n Eddy is fixed at twelve ( thirteen if Plank , a board of wood who acts as one character 's imaginary friend , is included ) .
Air pollution in the United States
Many studies found that both indoor and outdoor air pollution can increase the risk of respiratory cancer . Indoor pollution such as tobacco smoking is responsible to lung cancer . Outdoor air pollution also increases the risk of lung cancer . A study found that the combination of formaldehyde and benzene is responsible for 60 % of cancer related health problems in the United States . Air pollutants can also cause other types of cancer . Another study found that the hazardous air pollutant ( HAP ) can cause cervical cancer and the upper aero - digestive tract cancer .
Two-party system
In the U.S. , forty - eight states have a standard winner - takes - all electoral system for amassing presidential votes in the Electoral College system . The winner - takes - all principle applies in presidential elections , since if a presidential candidate gets the most votes in any particular state , all of the electoral votes from that state are awarded . In all but two states , Maine and Nebraska , the presidential candidate winning a plurality of votes wins all of the electoral votes , a practice called the unit rule .
Office of Inspector General (United States)
Inspector General of the Air Force , established by the U.S. Air Force in 1948 . Inspectors General of the U.S. Army , dating back to 1777 . Naval Inspector General , established by the U.S. Navy in 1942 . Office of the Inspector General , U.S. Department of Defense established 1982 .
Air Jordan
In 1988 , the then - principal of Mumford High School mentioned that clothing - related violence had reached a point where he felt it was necessary to ban certain items of clothing , including the Air Jordan sneaker , from the school grounds . This ban was the first of many dress codes implemented in schools after the wave of robberies , beatings , and shootings over possession of Air Jordan sneakers and other items of clothing .
Air mass
The Bergeron classification is the most widely accepted form of air mass classification , though others have produced more refined versions of this scheme over different regions of the globe . Air mass classification involves three letters . The first letter describes its moisture properties , with c used for continental air masses ( dry ) and m for maritime air masses ( moist ) . The second letter describes the thermal characteristic of its source region : T for Tropical , P for Polar , A for arctic or Antarctic , M for monsoon , E for Equatorial , and S for superior air ( an adiabatically drying and warming air formed by significant downward motion in the atmosphere ) . For instance , an air mass originating over the desert southwest of the United States in summer may be designated `` cT '' . An air mass originating over northern Siberia in winter may be indicated as `` cA '' .
Agent Orange
While in Vietnam , the veterans were told not to worry , and were persuaded the chemical was harmless . After returning home , Vietnam veterans began to suspect their ill health or the instances of their wives having miscarriages or children born with birth defects might be related to Agent Orange and the other toxic herbicides to which they had been exposed in Vietnam . Veterans began to file claims in 1977 to the Department of Veterans Affairs for disability payments for health care for conditions they believed were associated with exposure to Agent Orange , or more specifically , dioxin , but their claims were denied unless they could prove the condition began when they were in the service or within one year of their discharge . In order to qualify for compensation , veterans must have served on or near the perimeters of military bases in Thailand during the Vietnam Era , where herbicides were tested and stored outside of Vietnam , Veterans who were crew members on C - 123 planes flown after the Vietnam War , or were associated with Department of Defense ( DoD ) projects to test , dispose of , or store herbicides in the U.S.
Los Angeles County, California
Portions of Edwards Air Force Base , located at the northern edge of the county . Air Force Plant 42 in Palmdale , sharing runways with LA / Palmdale Regional . The non-flying Los Angeles Air Force Base in El Segundo .
List of United States Air Force installations
. * In 1992 the US government changed the status of three US air bases in South Korea . Kwang Ju Air Base , Suwon Air Base and Taegu Air Base had previously been announced as ending operations , but would instead operate at reduced levels . 15 USAF personnel were assigned to each base , and reside in former officer quarters , which was basically a small apartment . USAF aircraft transit each base , with the personnel providing transient support and maintain USAF equipment stored at each base in case of an emergency for reactivation in which ACC and other units would deploy to them . In addition , the ROK use the airfields as an air base and civil airport
Air New Zealand
In June 2015 , Air New Zealand confirmed the sale of its Safe Air engineering subsidiary to the Australian arm of Airbus .
Air New Zealand
The Air New Zealand Lounge is the name for Air New Zealand 's network of airline lounges around the world . Members of Air New Zealand Koru programme may access the lounges , and also get valet parking , priority wait listing , exclusive check - in , extra checked in baggage , and preferred seating .
Air pollution in the United States
Air pollution in Los Angeles has caused widespread concerns . In 2011 , the Public Policy Institute of California ( PPIC ) Survey on Californians and the Environment showed that 45 % of citizens in Los Angeles consider air pollution to be a `` big problem '' , and 47 % believe that the air quality of Los Angeles is worse than it was 10 years ago . In 2013 , the Los Angeles - Long Beach - Riverside area ranked the 1st most ozone - polluted city , the 4th most polluted city by annual particle pollution , and the 4th most polluted city by 24 - hour particle pollution .
Triangle
In three dimensions , the area of a general triangle A = ( x , y , z ) , B = ( x , y , z ) and C = ( x , y , z ) is the Pythagorean sum of the areas of the respective projections on the three principal planes ( i.e. x = 0 , y = 0 and z = 0 ) :
List of Cars characters
Besides him , there is a similar character named Ripslinger in the 2013 Cars spin - off movie Planes and its 2014 sequel , produced by DisneyToon Studios .
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull
An extra in the film , Tyler Nelson , violated his nondisclosure agreement in an interview with The Edmond Sun on September 17 , 2007 , which was then picked up by the mainstream media . It is unknown if he remained in the final cut . At Nelson 's request , The Edmond Sun subsequently pulled the story from its website . On October 2 , 2007 , a Superior Court order was filed finding that Nelson knowingly violated the agreement . The terms of the settlement were not disclosed . A number of production photos and sensitive documents pertaining to the film 's production budget were also stolen from Spielberg 's production office . The Los Angeles County Sheriff 's Department set up a sting operation after being alerted by a webmaster that the thief might try to sell the photos . On October 4 , 2007 , the seller , 37 - year - old Roderick Eric Davis , was arrested . He pleaded guilty to two felony counts and was sentenced to two years and four months in prison .
Hot air balloon
The density of air at 20 ° C , 68 ° F is about 1.2 kg / m3 . The total lift for a balloon of 100,000 ft3 heated to ( 99 ° C , 210 ° F ) would be 1595 lb , 723.5 kg . This is just enough to generate neutral buoyancy for the total system mass ( not including the heated air trapped in the envelope , of course ) stated in the previous section . Liftoff would require a slightly greater temperature , depending on the desired rate of climb . In reality , the air contained in the envelope is not all the same temperature , as the accompanying thermal image shows , and so these calculations are based on averages .
Air Jordan
In 2009 , the Jordan Brand reintroduced the highly sought after Air Jordan III in the True Blue colorway . It was an international - only release , meaning they were not sold in the US . In 2011 , the brand released a Black History Month ( BHM ) Air Jordan III colorway in commemoration of the 35th anniversary of Black History Month . The sneaker is black with gold trim and stitching as well as laser print around the toe and heel . The BHM III was a very limited release and there was said to have been no more than 3,000 pairs made . Also , the same year saw the release of the `` True Blue '' III on June 4 . The Stealth colorway of the III was released in September and the Black Cements were released in November . The `` Black Flips '' were released on December 3 , 2011 . In 2013 , Jordan released a special edition of the Jordan III this shoe was deemed the Air Jordan III `` Retro ' 88 '' White Cement and were released in February .
Monarchy of the United Kingdom
The sovereign is the Supreme Governor of the established Church of England . Archbishops and bishops are appointed by the monarch , on the advice of the Prime Minister , who chooses the appointee from a list of nominees prepared by a Church Commission . The Crown 's role in the Church of England is titular ; the most senior clergyman , the Archbishop of Canterbury , is the spiritual leader of the Church and of the worldwide Anglican Communion . The monarch takes an oath to preserve Church of Scotland and he or she holds the power to appoint the Lord High Commissioner to the Church 's General Assembly , but otherwise plays no part in its governance , and exerts no powers over it . The Sovereign plays no formal role in the disestablished Church in Wales or Church of Ireland .
Siege of Sarajevo
This War of Mine , 11 bit studios 's video game , is largely based on the Siege of Sarajevo . The second act of Sniper : Ghost Warrior 2 takes place in the besieged Sarajevo in 1993 . Hitman features half a dozen assassination targets who participated in war crimes during the siege and have been wanted ever since . The 1995 real - time strategy game Command & Conquer : Tiberian Dawn features a fictionalized version of the siege , involving the Global Defense Initiative faction in their final mission laying siege to the Temple of Nod , the central headquarters of the Brotherhood of Nod , located in Sarajevo . In EA 's 2012 video game Medal of Honor : Warfighter , one story mission and two multiplayer maps ( Sarajevo Stadium and Novi Grad Warzone , the latter of which is set in the area around the Executive Council Building ) are set in Sarajevo several years after the end of the siege .
How the Grinch Stole Christmas!
The Grinch appears in the animated specials Halloween Is Grinch Night and The Grinch Grinches the Cat in the Hat and he and Max also appear in the puppet children 's show The Wubbulous World of Dr. Seuss . The Grinch , Cindy Lou Who , and Max , appear in Seussical , a musical which takes it plot from several Dr. Seuss books .
Democratic Republic of the Congo
On 17 January 2002 Mount Nyiragongo erupted in Congo , with the lava running out at 64 km / h ( 40 mph ) and 46 m ( 50 yd ) wide . One of the three streams of extremely fluid lava flowed through the nearby city of Goma , killing 45 and leaving 120,000 homeless . Four hundred thousand people were evacuated from the city during the eruption . The lava poisoned the water of Lake Kivu , killing fish . Only two planes left the local airport because of the possibility of the explosion of stored petrol . The lava passed the airport but ruined the runway , trapping several airplanes . Six months after the 2002 eruption , nearby Mount Nyamuragira also erupted . Mount Nyamuragira then erupted in 2006 and again in January 2010 .
Air Jordan
The third Countdown package consisted of the Air Jordan Retro II model in White / Varsity Red . The other Air Jordan in this package was the Air Jordan Retro XXI model in Black / Varsity Red . The package retailed US $310.00 and was released April 26 , 2009 . ``
Three Witches
Geoffrey Wright 's 2006 Macbeth takes place in the midst of a modern Australian gang and drug culture . The Three Witches are replaced by three teenage goth schoolgirls who are knocking down headstones in a graveyard in the opening scene . They whisper their prophecies in Macbeth 's ear as they dance in a deserted nightclub .
Bessemer process
He realised that the technical problem was due to impurities in the iron and concluded that the solution lay in knowing when to turn off the flow of air in his process so that the impurities were burned off but just the right amount of carbon remained . However , despite spending tens of thousands of pounds on experiments , he could not find the answer . Certain grades of steel are sensitive to the 78 % nitrogen which was part of the air blast passing through the steel .
Long jump
In the 1970s some jumpers used a forward somersault , including Tuariki Delamere who used it at the 1974 NCAA Championships , and who matched the jump of the current Olympic champion Randy Williams . The somersault jump has potential to produce longer jumps than other techniques because in the flip , no power is lost countering forward momentum , and it reduces wind resistance in the air . The front flip jump was subsequently banned due to fear of it being unsafe .
Gunfight at the O.K. Corral
John Gilchriese became friends with John Flood , who had been Wyatt Earp 's secretary , confidante , and best friend for many years . When Earp died , Flood inherited many of his personal belongings . Flood in turn willed them to Gilchriese , who amassed over a number of years one of the largest collections of personal items belonging to Wyatt and Virgil Earp , along with many unpublished photos of them and their family . Gilchriese opened the Wyatt Earp Museum in Tombstone in 1966 and commissioned Western artist Don Perceval to paint the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral . The oil on masonite painting titled The Street Fight is 6 feet 4 inches by 4 feet ( 1.93 m by 1.22 m ) . It was the largest work ever executed by Perceval . He referred to original documents in Gilchriese 's collection , including Wyatt Earp 's own diagram of the shootout , and unpublished notes made by John Flood , to create what is regarded as the most accurate depiction of the shootout . Gilchreise had 500 lithographic prints reproduced from the original , which Perceval signed . The prints were sold by the museum for $10 .
Loggerhead sea turtle
The Mediterranean Sea is a nursery for juveniles , as well as a common place for adults in the spring and summer months . Almost 45 % of the Mediterranean juvenile population has migrated from the Atlantic . Loggerheads feed in the Alboran Sea and the Adriatic Sea . Greece is the most popular nesting site along the Mediterranean , with more than 3,000 nests per year . Zakynthos hosts the largest Mediterranean nesting with the second one being in Kyparissia Bay . Because of this , Greek authorities do not allow planes to take off or land at night in Zakynthos due to the nesting turtles . In addition to the Greek coast , the coastlines of Cyprus and Turkey are also common nesting sites .