vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Licence to Kill
The Licence to Kill screenplay was novelised by the then - novelist of the Bond series John Gardner . It was the first Bond novelisation since Moonraker in 1979 .
New Deal
Stimulated the growth of class consciousness among farmers and workers ( Billington and Ridge ) Raised the issue of how far economic regulation could be extended without sacrificing the liberties of the people ( Billington and Ridge )
Iran hostage crisis
Months before the revolution , on New Year 's Eve 1977 , President Carter further angered anti-Shah Iranians with a televised toast to Pahlavi , declaring how beloved the shah was by his people . After the revolution culminated in February 1979 with the return of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini from France , the American Embassy was occupied and its staff held hostage briefly . Rocks and bullets had broken so many of the embassy 's front - facing windows that they had been replaced with bulletproof glass . The embassy 's staff was reduced to just over 60 from a high of nearly one thousand earlier in the decade .
Priesthood in the Catholic Church
The Old Testament describes how God made his people `` a kingdom of priests and a holy nation , '' and within the twelve tribes of Israel , the tribe of Levi was chosen to be set apart for the liturgical service of offering sacrifice as priests . The priest was understood as a mediator between God and human beings who offers sacrifices and intercedes for the people .
Jacques-Louis David
In the beginning , David was a supporter of the Revolution , a friend of Robespierre and a member of the Jacobin Club . While others were leaving the country for new and greater opportunities , David stayed to help destroy the old order ; he was a regicide who voted in the National Convention for the Execution of Louis XVI . It is uncertain why he did this , as there were many more opportunities for him under the King than the new order ; some people suggest David 's love for the classical made him embrace everything about that period , including a republican government .
State of nature
Hobbes ' view was challenged in the eighteenth century by Jean - Jacques Rousseau , who claimed that Hobbes was taking socialized people and simply imagining them living outside of the society in which they were raised . He affirmed instead that people were neither good nor bad , but were born as a blank slate , and later society and the environment influence which way we lean . In Rousseau 's state of nature , people did not know each other enough to come into serious conflict and they did have normal values . The modern society , and the ownership it entails , is blamed for the disruption of the state of nature which Rousseau sees as true freedom .
Electric chair
In 1946 , the electric chair failed to kill Willie Francis , who reportedly shrieked , `` Take it off ! Let me breathe ! '' , after the current was applied . It turned out that the portable electric chair had been improperly set up by an intoxicated prison guard and inmate . A case was brought before the U.S. Supreme Court ( Louisiana ex rel . Francis v. Resweber ) , with lawyers for the condemned arguing that although Francis did not die , he had , in fact , been executed . The argument was rejected on the basis that re-execution did not violate the double jeopardy clause of the 5th Amendment of the United States Constitution , and Francis was returned to the electric chair and successfully executed in 1947 .
Gunfight at the O.K. Corral
Ike Clanton had been publicly threatening to kill the Earps for several months , including very loud threats on the day before . Wyatt told the court afterward that Clanton had bragged that he would kill the Earps or Doc Holliday at his first opportunity . But when the gunfight broke out , Clanton ran forward and grabbed Wyatt , exclaiming that he was unarmed and did not want a fight . To this protest Wyatt said he responded , `` Go to fighting or get away ! '' Clanton ran through the front door of Fly 's boarding house and escaped , unwounded . Other accounts say that Ike drew a hidden pistol and fired at the Earps before disappearing . Like Ike , Billy Claiborne was unarmed . He and Cowboy Wes Fuller , who had been at the rear of the lot , also ran from the fight as soon as the shooting began .
Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire
Some older Nahua men said they remembered the attack . They said they remembered people in the city grabbing their children and trying to get on canoes to leave before the Spanish arrived . They remembered the cannons being used by their enemies to knock down their city walls , dumping sand into their canals as well as the complex weapons the Spanish had used that were so unfamiliar and new to the indigenous people of Mexico . Even when the Nahua men got a hold of the European weapons , they did n't know how to use them . They decided it was best to just make the weapon unable to be regained . They threw it in the lake and they sank to the bottom , this way the enemy could no longer use it . Hernan Cortes and the rest of his men decided to build a catapult . They wanted to scare the Mexica into surrendering , but it ended up failing and causing a commotion on the Spanish side . The indigenous men were sort of impressed with their enemy for two reasons. They distinctly remember the way iron was manipulated by the Europeans . These men wore iron armor , had iron shields , swords , and crossbows , which meant that their bodies were well protected and that their weapons were strong . And what also stood out was the information network among the Spaniards . It surprised them how swiftly information circulated .
Social exchange theory
People develop patterns of exchange to cope with power differentials and to deal with the costs associated with exercising power . These patterns describe behavioral rules or norms that indicate how people trade resources in an attempt to maximize rewards and minimize costs . Three different matrices have been described by Thibaut and Kelley to illustrate the patterns people develop . These are given matrix , the effective matrix and the dispositional matrix .
CCR5
The tyrosine sulfated amino terminus of this co-receptor is the `` essential determinant '' of binding to the gp120 glycoprotein . Co-receptor recognition also include the V1 - V2 region of gp120 , and the bridging sheet ( an antiparallel , 4 - stranded β sheet that connects the inner and outer domains of gp120 ) . The V1 - V2 stem can influence `` co-receptor usage through its peptide composition as well as by the degree of N - linked glycosylation . '' Unlike V1 - V2 however , the V3 loop is highly variable and thus is the most important determinant of co-receptor specificity . The normal ligands for this receptor , RANTES , MIP - 1β , and MIP - 1α , are able to suppress HIV - 1 infection in vitro . In individuals infected with HIV , CCR5 - using viruses are the predominant species isolated during the early stages of viral infection , suggesting that these viruses may have a selective advantage during transmission or the acute phase of disease . Moreover , at least half of all infected individuals harbor only CCR5 - using viruses throughout the course of infection .
List of Game of Thrones characters
She is almost killed by Arya Stark , who poisons her rum but briefly speaks with her , realizing she is an innocent women who is a mere victim of someone else 's selfishness , and thwarts the assassination , warning her about Bianca . Crane subsequently mutilates Bianca 's face and has her expelled from the troupe . Shortly after , she finds Arya severely wounded as retribution for the assassination and cares for her , but is herself killed by the Waif , who was sent to kill Arya . The Waif ( season 5 -- 6 ) portrayed by Faye Marsay . Faye Marsay The Waif is a sadistic young woman who lives in the House of Black and White , a temple to the Many - faced God , in Braavos . She participates in Arya 's training but repeatedly deems her unfit to become a Faceless Man ( assassin ) . After Arya is struck blind for her unsanctioned killing of Ser Meryn Trant , the Waif repeatedly beats and abuses Arya , though Arya learns how to fight without her eyesight and her vision is soon returned to her . When Arya refuses to kill an innocent target , Lady Crane , the Waif is sent to kill her . Though she stabs Arya multiple times , Arya survives . The Waif then kills Lady Crane and pursues the wounded Arya all over Braavos before cornering her in her hideout . Arya , however , extinguishes the room 's only candle and manages to kill the Waif in the ensuing fight . Arya rips her face off and adds it to the Hall of Faces . Yezzan zo Qaggaz ( season 5 -- 6 ) portrayed by Enzo Cilenti . Enzo Cilenti Yezzan zo Qaggaz is a slave - trader from the city of Meereen , on the coast of Slaver 's Bay , and one of the Great Masters , the former ruling elite of the city . He buys Jorah Mormont and Tyrion Lannister after they are captured by Malko and takes them to a fighting pit to train as gladiators , though he loses both Tyrion and Jorah when they are accepted into Daenerys Targaryen 's inner circle .
Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries)
Kol compels Damon to kill Jeremy so that they can not find Silas , but Stefan locks Damon away so that he can not . Elena and Jeremy decide to try and kill Kol because he is trying to stop them from getting the cure . Since Jeremy needs to kill vampires to complete the map to the cure , they conclude that if they kill Kol , which also kills his whole line of vampires , the map will be complete .
List of To Kill a Mockingbird characters
Atticus Finch is the middle - aged father of Jem and Scout Finch . He is a lawyer and was once known as `` the deadliest shot in Maycomb County '' . Although he was a good shot , he does not like to mention the fact as he does not like the thought of having an advantage over people . He appears to support racial equality and was appointed to represent Tom Robinson , a black man who has been accused of raping a young white woman , Mayella Ewell . The town disapproves of him defending Tom especially when he makes clear his intent to defend Tom Robinson to the best of his abilities . He is portrayed by Gregory Peck in the film adaptation of To Kill a Mockingbird .
Loyalist (American Revolution)
The largest number of loyalists were found in the middle colonies : many tenant farmers of New York supported the king , for example , as did many of the Dutch in the colony and in New Jersey . The Germans in Pennsylvania tried to stay out of the Revolution , just as many Quakers did , and when that failed , clung to the familiar connection rather than embrace the new . Highland Scots in the Carolinas , a fair number of Anglican clergy and their parishioners in Connecticut and New York , a few Presbyterians in the southern colonies , and a large number of the Iroquois stayed loyal to the king . Johnson
Chartism
Chartism did not directly generate any reforms . It was not until 1867 that urban working men were admitted to the franchise under the Reform Act 1867 , and not until 1918 that full manhood suffrage was achieved . Slowly the other points of the People 's Charter were granted : secret voting was introduced in 1872 and the payment of MPs under the Parliament Act of 1911 . Annual elections remain the only Chartist demand not to be implemented . Participation in the Chartist Movement filled some working men with self - confidence : they learned to speak publicly , to send their poems and other writings off for publication , to be able , in short , to confidently articulate the feelings of working people . Many former Chartists went on to become journalists , poets , ministers , and councillors .
War of the Worlds (2005 film)
Spielberg kept most of the parts secret in the filmmaking , as the cast and crew were left confused about how the aliens looked . When asked about the secrecy of the screenplay , David Koepp answered , `` ( Spielberg ) would n't give ( the screenplay ) to anybody '' . Koepp explained he would e-mail it to him , and he would give a section of the script that was relating to whatever somebody was doing . Miranda Otto thought of not even discussing the story with her family and friends . Otto said , `` I know some people who always say , ' Oh , everything 's so secret . ' I think it 's good . In the old days people did n't get to know much about movies before they came out and nowadays there 's just so much information . I think a bit of mystery is always really good . You do n't want to blow all of your cards beforehand . ''
Filipino values
One can note how Hiya ( propriety / dignity ) , Pakikisama ( companionship / esteem ) , and Utang na loob ( gratitude / solidarity ) , are merely Surface Values - readily seen and observed values exhibited and esteemed by many Filipinos . These three values are considered branches from a single origin - the actual Core Value of the Filipino Personality - Kapwa . It means ' togetherness ' , and refers to community , or not doing things alone . Kapwa has two categories , Ibang Tao ( other people ) and Hindi Ibang Tao ( not other people ) . The Surface Values spin off of the Core Value through the Pivotal Aspect of Pakikiramdam , or shared inner perception ( `` Feeling for another '' ) .
Incredibles 2
One challenge in writing Incredibles 2 was how to deal with the large number of superhero films and television series that had been released since the first film , such as the Marvel Cinematic Universe . To try to differentiate the sequel , Bird wanted to avoid tropes related to the superhero genre : `` I do n't think that kind of idea stays interesting for very long . For me , the interesting thing was never the superhero part of it . It was more the family dynamic , and how do superhero things play into that . '' He said he wanted to include some unused ideas that `` did n't fit '' in the first film , and that the new story would focus on Helen Parr / Elastigirl . Even though the sequel was released fourteen years after the first , Bird did not want to use a narrative element like a timeskip or to come up with new characters , and instead continued from where the first film left off . This allowed him to keep characters with the same superpowers and not have to develop new ones , nor did he need to figure out how to deal with Violet and Dash being adults . This also allowed him to keep Jack - Jack as an infant with a variable array of powers , which Bird likened to how infants are able to understand numerous languages . While the plot of the 2005 follow - up video game to The Incredibles , The Incredibles : Rise of the Underminer , begins at that same point of time , the film discards the game 's continuity . The film was produced with a production budget of $200 million .
Licence to Kill
The initial outline of what would become Licence to Kill was drawn up by Wilson and Maibaum . Before the pair could develop the script , the Writers Guild of America ( WGA ) went on strike and Maibaum was unable to continue writing , leaving Wilson to work on the script on his own . Although both the main plot and title of Licence to Kill owe nothing to any of the Fleming novels , there are elements from the books that are used in the storyline , including a number of aspects of the short story `` The Hildebrand Rarity '' , such as the character Milton Krest . The novel Live and Let Die provided the material surrounding Felix Leiter 's mauling by a shark , whilst the film version of the book provided the close similarity between the main villain , Mr. Big , and Licence to Kill 's main villain Sanchez . The screenplay was not ready by the time casting had begun , with Carey Lowell being auditioned with lines from A View to a Kill .
I Can Only Imagine (MercyMe song)
A music video was released for `` I Can Only Imagine '' . Millard recalled the video 's inspiration : `` I just kept seeing all these people holding picture frames ( at MercyMe concerts ) that are empty because we all carry these people with us in some way . I 've had so many people after a show pull out a picture of someone they 've lost . These people embrace these photos and I just thought how can we tap into that '' . The video features everyday people as well as several music artists including Michael Tait , Tammy Trent , Bob Herdman , and Jesse Katina , each holding an empty picture frame to signify their loss of a loved one ; as the video progresses , they are holding pictures of their loved ones including Millard with his father 's photograph .
Licence to Kill
The 2012 video game 007 Legends features a level based on Licence to Kill with Carey Lowell reprising her role by providing the voice for the character .
Tea culture
In the past 15 years fast food coffee chains have made a huge impact on how Americans are exposed to herbal and exotic teas . Once considered a rarity , chai , based on Indian masala chai , has actually become a popular option for people who might drink a caffè latte . Although not as commercialized , Taiwanese - style Bubble tea has also become popular in the United States in recent years , often served in small local cafes in the same style as many coffee drinks .
Ciompi Revolt
The 21 guilds , however , did not include the whole of Florence 's working population and many people were excluded from the system , thus limiting their protection from exploitation and ability to be involved in city politics . Few of those in the textile industry , including the Ciompi wool workers , were eligible for guild membership , with around only 200 of the approximately 14,000 people in wool manufacture qualifying , and the remainder named the Sotto posti who were designated ineligible for entry to the guild system or for creating a guild for their own benefit . The Ciompi 's exclusion from this system reinforced unequal power relations within the city , reducing the rights and protections available for these unfortunate workers unlike those assigned to members in other guilds . It was a highly unequal society allowing Florence 's wool trade to thrive and set the stage for the Ciompi 's revolt .
Race and ethnicity in the United States
Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders numbered 427,810 in 2008 , or 0.1 % of the population . Additionally , nearly as many individuals identify as having partial Native Hawaiian ancestry , for a total of 829,949 people of full or part Native Hawaiian ancestry . This group constitutes the smallest minority in the United States . More than half identify as `` full - blooded '' , but historically most Native Hawaiians on the island chain of Hawaii are believed to have admixture with Asian and European ancestries . But , the Census takes reporting by individuals as to how they identify .
Nominative determinism
New Scientist coined the term nominative contradeterminism for people who move away from their name , creating a contradiction between name and occupation . Examples include Andrew Waterhouse , a professor of wine , would - be doctor Thomas Edward Kill , who subsequently changed his name to Jirgensohn , and the Archbishop of Manila , Cardinal Sin . The synonym inaptronym is also sometimes used .
Separation of church and state in the United States
The American separation of church and state rests upon respect for the church ; the ( European anticlerical ) separation , on indifference and hatred of the church , and of religion itself ... . The constitution did not create a nation , nor its religion and institutions . It found them already existing , and was framed for the purpose of protecting them under a republican form of government , in a rule of the people , by the people , and for the people .
Licence to Kill
Roger Ebert for the Chicago Sun - Times gave the film 31⁄2 stars out of 4 , saying `` the stunts all look convincing , and the effect of the closing sequence is exhilarating ... Licence to Kill is one of the best of the recent Bonds . '' Jack Kroll , writing in Newsweek described Licence to Kill as `` a pure , rousingly entertaining action movie '' . Kroll was mixed in his appraisal of Dalton , calling him `` a fine actor who has n't yet stamped Bond with his own personality '' , observing `` Director John Glen is the Busby Berkeley of action flicks , and his chorus line is the legendary team of Bond stunt - persons who are at their death - defying best here '' . For Time magazine , Richard Corliss bemoaned that although the truck stunts were good , it was `` a pity nobody -- not writers Michael G. Wilson , and Richard Maibaum nor director John Glen -- thought to give the humans anything very clever to do . '' Corliss found Dalton `` misused '' in the film , adding that `` for every plausible reason , he looks as bored in his second Bond film as Sean Connery did in his sixth . ''
Wonder Woman
Marc DiPaolo introduces us to Wonder Woman 's creator and history and he demonstrates how she is a `` WWII veteran , a feminist icon , and a sex symbol '' all throughout her `` career '' . Wonder Woman stars in multiple films and is most commonly known for her red , white and blue one piece , and her tall , sexy assertiveness . What many people do n't know is that she is a big part of history in the comic and superhero world because of how her character influences real life people of all ages , sexes , ethnicities , and races . `` Marston created the comic book character Wonder Woman to be both strong and sexy , as a means of encouraging woman to emulate her unapologetic assertiveness . ''
Australian Army during World War II
Throughout the fighting in Papua , most of the Australian personnel captured by Japanese troops were murdered . In response , for the remainder of the war Australian soldiers generally did not attempt to capture Japanese personnel and aggressively sought to kill their Japanese opponents including some that had surrendered . Following the defeats in Papua and Guadalcanal the Japanese withdrew to a defensive perimeter in the Territory of New Guinea . Meanwhile , during the fighting in 1942 -- 43 the Australian Army increasingly developed a tactical superiority over the Japanese in jungle warfare .
One-drop rule
People in many other countries have tended to treat race less rigidly , both in their self - identification and how they regard others . Just as a person with physically recognizable African ancestry can claim to be black in the United States , someone with recognizable Caucasian ancestry may be considered white in Brazil , even if mixed race .
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
`` Hell , no , we wo n't go ! '' was heard in antidraft and antiwar protests throughout the country . `` Bring the troops home now ! '' was heard in mass marches in Washington D.C. , Seattle , San Francisco , Berkeley , New York , and San Diego . `` Dow shall not kill '' and `` Making money burning babies ! '' were two slogans used by students at UCLA and other colleges to protest the Dow Chemical Company , the maker of napalm and Agent Orange . `` Stop the war , feed the poor '' was a popular slogan used by socially conscious and minority antiwar groups , protesting that the war diverted funds that struggling Americans desperately needed . `` Girls say yes to men who say no '' was an antidraft slogan used by the SDS and other organizations . `` War is not healthy for children and other living things '' was a slogan of Another Mother for Peace , and was popular on posters . `` End the nuclear race , not the human race '' was first used by the WSP in antinuclear demonstrations and became incorporated into the antiwar events . `` Not my son , not your son , not their sons '' was an antiwar and antidraft slogan used by the WSP during protests . `` Ho , Ho , Ho Chi Minh , the Viet Cong are gon na win '' was a common anti-war chant during anti-war marches and rallies in the later sixties . `` Hey , hey , LBJ ! How many kids did you kill today ? '' was especially chanted by students and other marchers and demonstrators in opposition to Lyndon B. Johnson . `` One , two , three , four , we do n't want your fucking war '' was chanted in marches from Brisbane to Boston . `` Fuck , fuck , fuck it all we do n't want this anymore '' this was also chanted in marches from Brisbane to Boston