vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Holmes on Homes
When the tiles start cracking down the middle in straight lines , Mike and the crew strip it down to the sub-floor and build a new kitchen ' from the ground up ' . Wall of Sound - The Holmes crew investigates why the homeowners could hear their neighbors from across the common wall of a new semi-detached house . It 's discovered that there was a walkway in that shared wall , initially for construction purposes only , which was improperly sealed off and would have been a major fire hazard . Mike also discovers that the insulation in the garage is improperly installed . What a Mesh - The contractor 's initial work was up to standard , although using old methods . However , the task of tiling the entire ground floor overwhelmed him , and the standard deteriorated until he quit . Mike is impressed with the tile company ( and their delivery vehicle ) when they invite him to redo the whole job with products they offer to donate , if he applies them using the correct methods . Holmes Inspection ( Two 1 - hour parts ) - Homeowners learn the value of doing your homework and verifying the credentials of a home inspector . Having been told that their 1940s - era home was `` fine '' in all respects , they move in only to encounter problem after problem . Mike spots nearly all the glaringly obvious issues immediately and brings in his crew to fix what turns into a gigantic electrical / plumbing / HVAC nightmare created by previous attempts at renovation . Among other things , the crew discovers tree roots in the clay basement pipes , a laundry room full of mould , carpenter ants , and an electrical fire that fortunately burned itself out without igniting anything else . One interesting surprise is the discovery of an old and extremely well - constructed well buried in the front yard .
Warsaw
In many places in the city the Jewish culture and history resonates down through time . Among them the most notable are the Jewish theater , the Nożyk Synagogue , Janusz Korczak 's Orphanage and the picturesque Próżna Street . The tragic pages of Warsaw 's history are commemorated in places such as the Monument to the Ghetto Heroes , the Umschlagplatz , fragments of the Ghetto wall on Sienna Street and a mound in memory of the Jewish Combat Organization . New
Hurdling
As soon as the lead leg begins its descent , a strong downward push is exerted to enable the trailing leg 's knee to come up under the armpit and in front of the chest . This enables recovery of some of the energy expended in the flight . As the lead leg touches down to the ground , it 's critical that the runner remains in a sprint . As soon as his or her lead leg touches down , the trail leg arm drives the rest of the body forward .
Leopard
A pumapard is a hybrid animal resulting from a mating between a leopard and a puma ( a member of the genus Puma , not the genus Panthera ) . Three sets of these hybrids were bred in the late 1890s and early 1900s by Carl Hagenbeck at his animal park in Hamburg , Germany . While most of these animals did not reach adulthood , one of these was purchased in 1898 by the Berlin Zoo . A similar hybrid in the Berlin Zoo purchased from Hagenbeck was a cross between a male leopard and a female puma . A specimen in the Hamburg Zoo ( in the photo at right ) was the reverse pairing , fathered by a puma bred to an Indian leopardess . The pumapard is characterised by a long body like the puma 's , but with shorter legs . The hybrid is in general a dwarf , smaller than either parent . The coat is variously described as sandy , tawny or greyish with brown , chestnut or faded rosettes .
War of the Austrian Succession
The war in the Alps and the Apennines had already been keenly contested before the Prince of Conti and the Gallispan army had come down out of the Alps . Villefranche and Montalbán had been stormed by Conti on 20 April 1744 . After coming down out of the Alps , Prince Conti began his advance into Piedmont on 5 July 1744 . On 19 July 1744 , the Gallispan army engaged the Sardinian army in some desperate fighting at Peyre - Longue on 18 July 1744 . As a result of the battle , the Gallispan army took control of Casteldelfino in the second Battle of Casteldelfino . Conti then moved on to Delmonte where on the night of 8 -- 9 August 1744 , ( a mere 36 hours before the Spanish army in south of Italy fought the second Battle of Velletri , ( as noted above ) ) the Gallispan army took the city of Delmonte from the Sardinians in the Battle of Delmonte . The King of Sardinia was defeated yet again by Conti in a great Battle at Madonna dell'Olmo on 30 September 1744 near Coni ( Cuneo ) . Conti did not , however , succeed in taking the huge fortress at Coni and had to retire into Dauphiné for his winter quarters . Thus , the Gallispan army never did combine with the Spanish army under Count of Gages in the south and now the Austro - Sardinian army lay between them .
Middle Ages
Romanesque art , especially metalwork , was at its most sophisticated in Mosan art , in which distinct artistic personalities including Nicholas of Verdun ( d . 1205 ) become apparent , and an almost classical style is seen in works such as a font at Liège , contrasting with the writhing animals of the exactly contemporary Gloucester Candlestick . Large illuminated bibles and psalters were the typical forms of luxury manuscripts , and wall - painting flourished in churches , often following a scheme with a Last Judgement on the west wall , a Christ in Majesty at the east end , and narrative biblical scenes down the nave , or in the best surviving example , at Saint - Savin - sur - Gartempe , on the barrel - vaulted roof . The
Cell wall
In most cells , the cell wall is flexible , meaning that it will bend rather than holding a fixed shape , but has considerable tensile strength . The apparent rigidity of primary plant tissues is enabled by cell walls , but is not due to the walls ' stiffness . Hydraulic turgor pressure creates this rigidity , along with the wall structure . The flexibility of the cell walls is seen when plants wilt , so that the stems and leaves begin to droop , or in seaweeds that bend in water currents . As John Howland explains :
Tommy (1975 film)
Elton John initially turned down the role of the Pinball Wizard and among those considered to replace him was David Essex , who recorded a test audio version of the `` Pinball Wizard '' song . However , producer Robert Stigwood held out until John agreed to take the part , reportedly on condition that he could keep the gigantic Dr. Martens boots he wore in the scene . Russell also recalled that Townshend initially balked at Russell 's wish to have The Who performing behind Elton in the sequence ( they did not perform the audio here ) , and also objected to wearing the pound - note suits , which were in fact stitched together from novelty pound - note tea - towels . On The Who 's involvement with the film , members Daltrey played the title character ; Moon played , in essence , a dual role as both Uncle Ernie and as himself along with Entwistle and Townshend lip - synching on their respective instruments in the `` Eyesight to the Blind '' and `` Pinball Wizard '' segments . About his role as the Specialist , Jack Nicholson stated : `` In my whole career there was only one time when a director said to me , ' OK , come right down the pike and just look beautiful , Jack . ' That was Ken Russell on Tommy . ''
2018 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series
Kurt Busch started on pole after qualifying was cancelled just after the first round due to rain . As soon as the race began , Alex Bowman spun and collected Aric Almirola , Austin Dillon , and Paul Menard . At the end of the first stage , Martin Truex Jr. had a tire go down and got into the wall as Kevin Harvick scored the stage win as it ended under caution . In the second stage , Kyle Larson had a tire go down and he got into the wall . Kyle Busch was able to win the second stage . Early in the final stage , Denny Hamlin spun and collected David Ragan , Brad Keselowski , and Jimmie Johnson . Menard and Ryan Newman both got into the wall . Kyle Busch and Harvick , both with older tires , were able to stay out front and Busch was able to hold Harvick off for his first win of the year and third at Texas .
The Wolf of Wall Street (2013 film)
The film marks a change in film history when Paramount became the first major studio to distribute movies to theaters in digital format , eliminating 35mm film entirely . Anchorman 2 : The Legend Continues was the last Paramount production to include a 35mm film version , while The Wolf of Wall Street was the first major movie distributed entirely digitally .
Lobbying in the United States
Lobbying firms can serve as mentors and guides . For example , after months of protesting by the Occupy Wall Street , one lobbying firm prepared a memo to its clients warning that Republicans may `` turn on big banks , at least in public '' which may have the effect of `` altering the political ground for years to come . '' Here are parts of the memo which were broadcast on the MSNBC network .
Battle of Hampton Roads
Monitor likewise did not survive the year . She was ordered to Beaufort , North Carolina , on Christmas Day , to take part in the blockade there . While she was being towed down the coast ( under command of her fourth captain , Commander John P. Bankhead ) , the wind increased and with it the waves ; with no high sides , the Monitor took on water . Soon the water in the hold gained on the pumps , and then put out the fires in her engines . The order was given to abandon ship ; most men were rescued by USS Rhode Island , but 16 went down with her when she sank in the early hours of December 31 , 1862 .
History of evolutionary thought
`` If the orthodoxy of Augustine had remained the teaching of the Church , the final establishment of Evolution would have come far earlier than it did , certainly during the eighteenth instead of the nineteenth century , and the bitter controversy over this truth of Nature would never have arisen ... Plainly as the direct or instantaneous Creation of animals and plants appeared to be taught in Genesis , Augustine read this in the light of primary causation and the gradual development from the imperfect to the perfect of Aristotle . This most influential teacher thus handed down to his followers opinions which closely conform to the progressive views of those theologians of the present day who have accepted the Evolution theory . ''
Dance
Hip Hop originated in New York , specifically in the area known as the Bronx . It was created for those who struggled in society and did n't seem to have a voice in the community that surrounded them because of their lack of wealth . It helped those in the same situation come together and speak about difficult topics by using movement and feeling .
Statue of Liberty
Despite its initial focus on the elites , the Union was successful in raising funds from across French society . Schoolchildren and ordinary citizens gave , as did 181 French municipalities . Laboulaye 's political allies supported the call , as did descendants of the French contingent in the American Revolutionary War . Less idealistically , contributions came from those who hoped for American support in the French attempt to build the Panama Canal . The copper may have come from multiple sources and some of it is said to have come from a mine in Visnes , Norway , though this has not been conclusively determined after testing samples . According to Cara Sutherland in her book on the statue for the Museum of the City of New York , 90,800 kilos ( 200,000 pounds ) was needed to build the statue , and the French copper industrialist Eugène Secrétan donated 58,100 kilos ( 128,000 pounds ) of copper .
List of Still Game characters
Big Innes ( 2004 ) Played by Clive Russell . A large man who is friendly with the Craiglang locals . He is so big , he drinks four pints at a time and eats cornflakes from a soup pot . When he lived in Craiglang , he did not stand for any nonsense from Neds and would sort them out . However , he moved away up north to Elgin . Recently , the Neds in Craiglang have become worse than ever . Jack decided to phone Innes up in Elgin and ask him if he could come down and sort out the Neds . Innes ' wife agrees to let Innes go down , but makes Jack promise not to give him any Midori . Innes likes to drink Midori , but it has a strange effect on him . Jack lets Innes stay at his house and Innes sets to work . After two days of Innes ' arrival , the neds never bother anyone again . Not for a while . Unfortunately , Isa unwittingly gives Innes a bottle of Midori causing him to go mental in the Clansman .
History of Australia (1788–1850)
In 1847 , Western Australian barrister E.W. Landor stated : `` We have seized upon the country , and shot down the inhabitants , until the survivors have found it expedient to submit to our rule . We have acted as Julius Caesar did when he took possession of Britain . '' In most cases , Reynolds says , Aborigines initially resisted British presence . In a letter to the Launceston Advertiser in 1831 , a settler wrote :
Jacques-Louis David
In 1787 , David did not become the Director of the French Academy in Rome , which was a position he wanted dearly . The Count in charge of the appointments said David was too young , but said he would support him in 6 to 12 years . This situation would be one of many that would cause him to lash out at the Academy in years to come .
Grateful Dead
The 1969 live album Live / Dead did capture the band in - form , but commercial success did not come until Workingman 's Dead and American Beauty , both released in 1970 . These records largely featured the band 's laid - back acoustic musicianship and more traditional song structures . With their rootsy , eclectic stylings , particularly evident on the latter two albums , the band pioneered the hybrid Americana genre . Phil
History of rail transport in the United States
America developed a love -- hate relationship with railroads . Boosters in every city worked feverishly to make sure the railroad came through , knowing their urban dreams depended upon it . The mechanical size , scope and efficiency of the railroads made a profound impression ; people would dress in their Sunday best to go down to the terminal to watch the train come in . David Nye argues that :
Cell wall
The mode of formation of the cell wall was controversial in the 19th century . Hugo von Mohl ( 1853 , 1858 ) advocated the idea that the cell wall grows by apposition . Carl Nägeli ( 1858 , 1862 , 1863 ) believed that the growth of the wall in thickness and in area was due to a process termed intussusception . Each theory was improved in the following decades : the apposition ( or lamination ) theory by Eduard Strasburger ( 1882 , 1889 ) , and the intussusception theory by Julius Wiesner ( 1886 ) .
Pierre de Coubertin
The 1906 Summer Olympics revived the momentum , and the Olympic Games have come to be regarded as the world 's foremost sports competition . Coubertin created the modern pentathlon for the 1912 Olympics , and subsequently stepped down from his IOC presidency after the 1924 Olympics in Paris , which proved much more successful than the first attempt in that city in 1900 . He was succeeded as president , in 1925 , by Belgian Henri de Baillet - Latour .
History of United States prison systems
Very few women , black or white , were imprisoned in the antebellum South . But for those women who did come under the control of Southern prisons , conditions were often `` horrendous , '' according to Edward L. Ayers . Although they were not made to shave their heads like male convicts , female inmates in the antebellum South did not live in specialized facilities -- as was the case in many antebellum Northern prisons -- and sexual abuse was common .
Muscles of respiration
During quiet breathing , there is little or no muscle contraction involved in exhalation ; this process is simply driven by the elastic recoil of the thoracic wall . When forceful exhalation is required , or when the elasticity of the lungs is reduced ( as in emphysema ) , active exhalation can be achieved by contraction of the abdominal wall muscles ( rectus abdominis , transverse abdominis , external oblique muscle and internal oblique muscle ) . These press the abdominal organs cranially ( upward ) into the diaphragm , reducing the volume of the thoracic cavity .
Circular motion
In non-uniform circular motion , normal force and weight may point in the same direction . Both forces can point down , yet the object will remain in a circular path without falling straight down . First let 's see why normal force can point down in the first place . In the first diagram , let 's say the object is a person sitting inside a plane , the two forces point down only when it reaches the top of the circle . The reason for this is that the normal force is the sum of the tangential force and centripetal force . The tangential force is zero at the top ( as no work is performed when the motion is perpendicular to the direction of force applied . Here weight force is perpendicular to the direction of motion of the object at the top of the circle ) and centripetal force points down , thus normal force will point down as well . From a logical standpoint , a person who is travelling in the plane will be upside down at the top of the circle . At that moment , the person 's seat is actually pushing down on the person , which is the normal force .
Lake District
The growth in tourist numbers continued into the age of the motor car , when railways began to be closed or run down . The formation of the Lake District National Park in 1951 recognised the need to protect the Lake District environment from excessive commercial or industrial exploitation , preserving that which visitors come to see , without any restriction on the movement of people into and around the district . The M6 Motorway helped bring traffic to the Lake District , passing up its eastern flank . The narrow roads present a challenge for traffic flow and , from the 1960s , certain areas have been very congested .
New Amsterdam
The layout of the streets was winding , as in a European city . Only starting from Wall Street going toward uptown did the typical grid become enforced long after the town ceased to be Dutch . Most of the Financial District overlaps New Amsterdam and has retained the original street layout .
List of Attack on Titan characters
Rod Reiss ( ロッド ・ レイス , Roddo Reisu ) The father of Frieda and his illegitimate daughter Historia along with four other legitimate children Dirk , Abel , Urklyn and Florian . As descendants of Karl Fritz , Rod 's family have been power behind the throne in Wall Sheena for generations with each family head bestowed the power of the Founding Titan . When Historia was born , Rod send her and her mother to live on a land he leased to the latter 's parents . But when his entire family was slaughtered by Grisha Yeager when he stole the Founding Titan during the Wall Maria incident , Rod attempts to bring Historia to live with him as he intended to use her to quickly restore the order Grisha disrupted . But the Wall Cult were unaware of his true intentions and sent Kenny Ackerman to kill Historia , with Rod convincing the soldier to let her join the Survey Corps under the alias of Krista Lenz . Reunited with his daughter , Rod reveals to Eren the truth of how his father made him a Titan before convincing Historia to eat Eren . But Historia 's refusal forces Rod to transform himself into a massive and crawling Abnormal Titan that is 120 - meter ( 390 ft ) tall and 40 - meter ( 130 ft ) wide while continuously burning , threatening the Orvud Distict . After being heavily crippled by the Levi Squad and Eren using a cache of barrels filled with gunpowder , Rod is killed when Historia personally makes the death blow on the nape . In his final moments , Rod transmits some of his memories into his daughter to better understand the situation that would soon come to Paradis with his death . Rod is voiced by Yusaku Yara in the Japanese version , and by Kenny Green in the English version .
Warped wall
The warped wall is used in various Ninja Warrior franchises , such as Sasuke , Kunoichi , American Ninja Warrior , Team Ninja Warrior , Ninja Warrior UK , Sasuke Ninja Warrior Indonesia , and Australian Ninja Warrior . The height of the warped wall varies depending on the competition . American Ninja Warrior utilized a 14 ft ( 4.3 m ) warped wall for its first 7 seasons , before switching to a 14.5 ft ( 4.4 m ) wall in season 8 . American Ninja Warrior also uses a `` mega wall '' for its all - star skills competition , where the height of the wall increases until no one can climb it . For its 2018 season 10 , American Ninja Warrior introduced a 18 ft ( 5.5 m ) `` mega warped wall '' . If they are successful in climbing it , they would win $10,000 . Competitors who choose the mega warped wall , have only one attempt to reach the top . If unsuccessful , the competitor will only get one shot at the warped wall . Those who do not wish to attempt the Mega Wall have three chances to reach the top of the warped wall . The mega wall will only be featured in the city qualifiers . In American Ninja Warrior Junior , the warped wall measures 13 ft , and will be completed at that height but the 13 - 14 year olds . The unique wall is equipped with two pocket levels which will provide assistance to the other age groups . 9 - 10 year olds have a pocket at 10 feet . 11 - 12 year olds have a pocket at 11.5 feet .
The Wolfman (2010 film)
Danny Elfman was reported to have written a dark , melodic , and moody score for The Wolfman , which was rejected by the studio after the film was cut down half an hour in length and the music became too `` wall - to - wall , '' creating what Johnston called too much repetition . Due to his not being able to come back and re-score ( because he was contractually obligated to work on Tim Burton 's Alice in Wonderland feature film ) , the producers decided that , rather than expand on his ideas with a new composer - a path that they would eventually take - they would instead attempt a completely different approach with a different composer , which would include extensive re-shooting of scenes . The idea was to quicken the pace and strike a similar tone to the successful Underworld film series , turning a slow - paced story into a much faster one . Paul Haslinger subsequently wrote an electronic contemporary incarnation of The Wolfman score , which the studio quickly realised was not appropriate for the late 19th - century Gothic setting . Elfman 's previously recorded original score is , as a result , the one that is used in the final film . Although Elfman 's original recording was used in the final film , several additional composers ( Conrad Pope , Edward Shearmur and Thomas Lindgren ) were brought in to shape Elfman 's score to fit the final cut of the film , as well as compose new material .
History of mobile phones
Before the devices existed that are now referred to as mobile phones or cell phones , there were some precursors . In 1908 , a Professor Albert Jahnke and the Oakland Transcontinental Aerial Telephone and Power Company claimed to have developed a wireless telephone . They were accused of fraud and the charge was then dropped , but they do not seem to have proceeded with production . Beginning in 1918 , the German railroad system tested wireless telephony on military trains between Berlin and Zossen . In 1924 , public trials started with telephone connection on trains between Berlin and Hamburg . In 1925 , the company Zugtelephonie AG was founded to supply train telephony equipment and , in 1926 , telephone service in trains of the Deutsche Reichsbahn and the German mail service on the route between Hamburg and Berlin was approved and offered to first - class travelers . Karl