vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
It (novel)
It can also manipulate people and use them as pawns in doing its bidding , either by assuming a form most familiar to them , promising them their desires or through subliminal influence . Because of this control over what happens in Derry , many of the child murders It commits are never solved ; the adults of Derry act as though either nothing is happening or they have forgotten about It . Its true form as perceived by the human eye is that of a giant spider that houses Its essence : namely writhing orange lights ( termed `` Deadlights '' ) , looking directly into which can either kill a person or drive them insane .
Where the Wild Things Are (film)
Michelle Williams was originally cast as the female Wild Thing K.W. only to leave the project after her voice `` did n't match the original vision of how the Wild Thing should sound '' . She was replaced by Lauren Ambrose , and filming continued .
To Kill a Mockingbird
The second part of the novel deals with what book reviewer Harding LeMay termed `` the spirit - corroding shame of the civilized white Southerner in the treatment of the Negro '' . In the years following its release , many reviewers considered To Kill a Mockingbird a novel primarily concerned with race relations . Claudia Durst Johnson considers it `` reasonable to believe '' that the novel was shaped by two events involving racial issues in Alabama : Rosa Parks ' refusal to yield her seat on a city bus to a white person , which sparked the 1955 Montgomery Bus Boycott , and the 1956 riots at the University of Alabama after Autherine Lucy and Polly Myers were admitted ( Myers eventually withdrew her application and Lucy was expelled , but reinstated in 1980 ) . In writing about the historical context of the novel 's construction , two other literary scholars remark : `` To Kill a Mockingbird was written and published amidst the most significant and conflict - ridden social change in the South since the Civil War and Reconstruction . Inevitably , despite its mid-1930s setting , the story told from the perspective of the 1950s voices the conflicts , tensions , and fears induced by this transition . ''
Original Vampires (The Vampire Diaries)
She was not a vampire , but was a powerful witch . She was the apprentice of a very powerful Bennett witch , Ayanna , during her first years in the New World . Esther was responsible for turning her family into vampires . She did so by summoning life from the sun and immortality from a white oak tree , then making them drink the blood of Tatia , one of Amara 's doppelgängers , before having Mikael kill them .
Dust Bowl
The Dust Bowl exodus was the largest migration in American history within a short period of time . Between 1930 and 1940 , approximately 3.5 million people moved out of the Plains states ; of those , it is unknown how many moved to California . In just over a year , over 86,000 people migrated to California . This number is more than the number of migrants to that area during the 1849 Gold Rush . Migrants abandoned farms in Oklahoma , Arkansas , Missouri , Iowa , Nebraska , Kansas , Texas , Colorado , and New Mexico , but were often generally referred to as `` Okies '' , `` Arkies '' , or `` Texies '' . Terms such as `` Okies '' and `` Arkies '' came to be known in the 1930s as the standard terms for those who had lost everything and were struggling the most during the Great Depression .
Siege of Yorktown
In August , Admiral Sir Thomas Graves led a fleet from New York to attack de Grasse 's fleet . Graves did not realize how large the French fleet was , and neither did Cornwallis . The British fleet was defeated by de Grasse 's fleet in the Battle of the Chesapeake on September 5 , and forced to fall back to New York . On September 14 , Washington arrived in Williamsburg , Virginia .
List of Death Note characters
Raye Penber ( レイ ・ ペンバー , Rei Penbā ) is an American investigator from the FBI , sent to Japan with eleven other agents to aid in tracking down Kira early in the story . Described by How to Read It as a `` talented '' agent , Raye is assigned to investigate the Yagami family for any suspicious behavior ; but he eventually stops suspecting Light after he appears to be one of the victims of a bus - jacking . However , Light staged the event to get Raye 's name so he could kill him . He has a fiancée , retired FBI agent Naomi Misora , whom he tells not to involve herself in the investigation for her own safety . Light manages to track him down and use him `` as a pawn '' to kill the other eleven members of his team ( he unknowingly used a page of Light 's notebook to kill them ) . Light kills Raye soon after . Before Raye dies , he sees Light , realizing that he is indeed Kira . Raye is voiced by Hideo Ishikawa in the Japanese anime and Michael Adamthwaite in the English dub . Played by Shigeki Hosokawa in the film , his name was changed to Raye Iwamatsu ( レイ ・ イワマツ , Rei Iwamatsu ) , due to not being able to find an actor in Japan that resembled Raye in the anime and manga . This is because he was also described by How to Read It as a `` cross between Japanese and American '' . The artist , Takeshi Obata , even had trouble drawing him initially due to this ( pictured right ) . In the first film he is a counter-terrorism agent headquartered in Dallas , Texas .
Cali Cartel
During the narco - terror war waged by Pablo Escobar on the Colombian government , it is believed a hired assassin attempted to kill Herrera while he was attending a sports event . The gunman opened fire using a machine gun on the crowd where Herrera was sitting , killing 19 . However , he did not hit Herrera . Herrera is believed to be a founding member of Los Pepes , a group who operated alongside authorities with the intention of killing or capturing Pablo Escobar .
Licence to Kill
John Barry was not available at the time due to throat surgery , so the soundtrack 's score was composed and conducted by Michael Kamen , who was known for scoring many action films at the time , such as Lethal Weapon and Die Hard . Glen said he picked Kamen , feeling he could give `` the closest thing to John Barry . ''
History of women in the United States
Women received symbolic recognition under the New Deal ( 1933 -- 43 ) but there was no effort to deal with their special needs . In relief programs , they were eligible for jobs only if they were the breadwinner in the family . Nevertheless , relief agencies did find jobs for women . The WPA employed about 500,000 . The largest number , 295,000 , worked on sewing projects , producing 300 million items of clothing and mattresses for people on relief and for public institutions such as orphanages . Many other women worked in school lunch programs .
Civil–military relations
The Vietnam War opened deep arguments about civil - military relations that continue to exert powerful influences today . One centered on a contention within military circles that the United States lost the war because of unnecessary civilian meddling in military matters . It was argued that the civilian leadership failed to understand how to use military force and improperly restrained the use of force in achieving victory . Among the first to analyze the war critically using Clausewitz as the theoretical basis , Harry Summers argued that the principal reason for the loss of the Vietnam War was a failure on the part of the political leadership to understand the goal , which was victory . The Army , always successful on the battlefield , ultimately did not achieve victory because it was misused and misunderstood . Summers demonstrated how the conduct of the war violated many classical principals as described by Clausewitz , thereby contributing to failure . He ended his analysis with a `` quintessential strategic lesson learned '' : that the Army must become `` masters of the profession of arms , '' thus reinforcing an idea along the lines of Huntington 's argument for strengthening military professionalism .
Ryukyuan religion
Places are determined to be haunted if people in contact with the areas encounter severe misfortunes . In this case , a yuta , or several yuta , are usually contracted to contact the offended spirit and determine both how the offending individual can recompensate for his trespass , and whether or not the spirit can be brought to terms with the aims of the individual for the spirit 's area . Though the spirit can almost always be pacified , it many times can not accept the disturbance of its space , and thus the area is marked by the community as forbidden territory for development or travel . A yuta , a Buddhist monk , or a Shinto priest may be called upon to banish the spirit .
Government of South Africa
Magistrates ' Courts -- The court where civil cases involving less than R100 000 , and cases involving minor crimes , are heard . High Courts -- The court of appeal for cases from the magistrates courts , as well as the court where major civil and criminal cases are first heard . Supreme Court of Appeal -- The final court of appeal for matters not pertaining to the constitution . Constitutional Court -- The final court of appeal for matters related to the constitution
Seneca Falls Convention
Local newspapers printed reports of the convention , some positive , others not . The National Reformer reported that the convention `` forms an era in the progress of the age ; it being the first convention of the kind ever held , and one whose influence shall not cease until woman is guaranteed all the rights now enjoyed by the other half of creation -- Social , Civil and POLITICAL . '' The Oneida Whig did not approve of the convention , writing of the Declaration : `` This bolt is the most shocking and unnatural incident ever recorded in the history of womanity . If our ladies will insist on voting and legislating , where , gentleman , will be our dinners and our elbows ? Where our domestic firesides and the holes in our stockings ? ''
Chipotle Mexican Grill
On November 20 , the CDC reported that the number of STEC O26 cases , as determined by DNA fingerprinting , had increased to 45 with 16 persons requiring hospitalization and the total number states being affected had increased to six . Besides Oregon and Washington , new cases were reported in the states of Minnesota , California , New York , and Ohio . 43 out of 45 of the affected individuals had reported that they had eaten at a Chipotle in the week before they had become sick .
Abduwali Muse
As mentioned earlier , there was some confusion as to his age . According to the New York Daily News , he was at the time 17 to 19 years old . Muse was charged , and was to stand trial in New York because of the local FBI office 's expertise in handling cases where major crimes were perpetrated against Americans in Africa , such as the 1998 United States embassy bombings in Kenya and Tanzania . CBC News also reported that U.S. authorities had considered transferring him to authorities in Kenya per international agreement to prosecute pirate suspects .
Consumption of Tide Pods
Following the meme 's popularization on Twitter and Reddit , many media publications wrote articles discussing the phenomenon , while warning against eating Tide Pods . During the first two weeks of 2018 , the number of cases of detergent pod ingestion reported to the American Association of Poison Control Centers ( AAPCC ) spiked . On January 13 , 2018 , The Washington Post reported that the AAPCC reported 37 cases of pod ingestion among teenagers in 2018 , with half of them being intentional .
History of immigration to the United States
The colonial frontier was mainly settled from about 1717 to 1775 . These were mostly Presbyterian settlers from North England border lands , Scotland , and Ulster , fleeing hard times and religious persecution . The fourth major center of settlement was the Western frontier , located in the Western parts of Pennsylvania and in the South , which was settled during the early to late 18th century by mostly Scots - Irish , with others mostly from North England border lands . Some French Huguenots and Germans were also present . Between 250,000 and 400,000 Scotch - Irish migrated to America in the 18th century . The Scotch - Irish soon became the dominant culture of the Appalachians from Pennsylvania to Georgia . Areas where people reported ' American ' ancestry were the places where , historically , northern English , Scottish and Scotch - Irish Protestants settled : in the interior of the South , and the Appalachian region . Scotch - Irish American immigrants , were made up of people from the southernmost counties of Scotland who had initially settled in Ireland . They were heavily Presbyterian , largely self - sufficient , and generally hostile to Native Americans and Catholics . The Scotch - Irish arrived in large numbers during the early 18th century and they often preferred to settle in the back country and the frontier from Pennsylvania to Georgia , where they mingled with second generation and later English settlers . They enjoyed the very cheap land and independence from established governments common to frontier settlements . Often , the main port of entry for these immigrants was Philadelphia , after which they ( or , in many cases , their descendants ) migrated west and south .
Stamp Act 1765
Christopher Gadsden of South Carolina had proposed that the Congress ' petition should go only to the king , since the rights of the colonies did not originate with Parliament . This radical proposal went too far for most delegates and was rejected . The `` Declaration of Rights and Grievances '' was duly sent to the king , and petitions were also sent to both Houses of Parliament .
Bill (law)
While mechanisms exist to allow other members of the legislature to introduce bills , these are subject to strict timetables and usually fail unless a consensus is reached . In the US system , where the executive is formally separated from the legislature , all bills must originate from the legislature . Bills can be introduced using the following procedures :
Sympathetic nervous system
There are two kinds of neurons involved in the transmission of any signal through the sympathetic system : pre-ganglionic and post-ganglionic . The shorter preganglionic neurons originate from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord specifically at T1 to L2 ~ L3 , and travel to a ganglion , often one of the paravertebral ganglia , where they synapse with a postganglionic neuron . From there , the long postganglionic neurons extend across most of the body .
Cali Cartel
Included in the list of government officials and officers on the Cali Cartel payroll were a reported 5,000 taxi drivers . The taxi drivers would allow the cartel to know who was arriving in the city and when , as well as where they were staying . By having numerous taxi drivers on the payroll , the cartel was able to monitor the movements of officials and dignitaries . It is reported by Time magazine , in 1991 , DEA and U.S. Customs Service ( now ICE ) agents were monitoring a shipment being offloaded in Miami , only to find out later that the DEA agents were the target of Cali surveillance at the same time .
Indian Rebellion of 1857
Photograph entitled , `` The Hospital in General Wheeler 's entrenchment , Cawnpore . '' ( 1858 ) The hospital was the site of the first major loss of European lives in Cawnpore 1858 picture of Sati Chaura Ghat on the banks of the Ganges River , where on 27 June 1857 many British men lost their lives and the surviving women and children were taken prisoner by the rebels . Bibigarh house where European women and children were killed and the well where their bodies were found , 1858 . The Bibighar Well site where a memorial had been built . Samuel Bourne , 1860 . A
Chipotle Mexican Grill
On December 4 , the CDC reported that the number of STEC O26 cases , as determined by DNA fingerprinting , had increased to 52 with 20 persons requiring hospitalization and the total number states being affected had increased to nine . New cases were reported in the states of California ( 1 ) , Illinois ( 1 ) , Maryland ( 1 ) , Ohio ( 2 ) , Pennsylvania ( 1 ) , and Washington ( 1 ) .
Egocentrism
In addition , a more well - known experiment by Wimmer and Perner ( 1983 ) called the false - belief task demonstrates how children show their acquisition of theory of mind ( ToM ) as early as 4 years old . In this task , children see a scenario where one character hides a marble in a basket , walks out of the scene , and another character that is present takes out the marble and put it in a box . Knowing that the first character did not see the switching task , children were asked to predict where the first character would look to find the marble . The results show that children younger than 4 answer that the character would look inside the box , because they have the superior knowledge of where the marble actually is . It shows egocentric thinking in early childhood because they thought that even if the character itself did not see the entire scenario , it has the same amount of knowledge as oneself and therefore should look inside the box to find the marble . As children start to acquire ToM , their ability to recognize and process others ' beliefs and values overrides the natural tendency to be egocentric .
House of Lords
The twelve Law Lords did not all hear every case ; rather , after World War II cases were heard by panels known as Appellate Committees , each of which normally consisted of five members ( selected by the Senior Lord ) . An Appellate Committee hearing an important case could consist of more than five members . Though Appellate Committees met in separate committee rooms , judgement was given in the Lords Chamber itself . No further appeal lay from the House of Lords , although the House of Lords could refer a `` preliminary question '' to the European Court of Justice in cases involving an element of European Union law , and a case could be brought at the European Court of Human Rights if the House of Lords did not provide a satisfactory remedy in cases where the European Convention on Human Rights was relevant .
Human sacrifice in Aztec culture
To appease Huehueteotl , the fire god and a senior deity , the Aztecs had a ceremony where they prepared a large feast , at the end of which they would burn captives ; before they died they would be taken from the fire and their hearts would be cut out . Motolinía and Sahagún reported that the Aztecs believed that if they did not placate Huehueteotl , a plague of fire would strike their city . The sacrifice was considered an offering to the deity .
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
The tsunami 's immense power was even detected as far away as Africa , where rough seas were reported , specifically on the eastern and southern coasts that faces the Indian Ocean . Countries apart from Somalia that were majorly affected with deaths include South Africa ( the furthest ) - 2 , Kenya - 1 , The Seychelles - 3 and Tanzania - 10 .
New Jersey
More serious criminal and civil cases are handled by the Superior Court for each county . All Superior Court judges are appointed by the Governor with the advice and consent of a majority of the membership of the State Senate . Each judge serves an initial seven - year term , after which he or she can be reappointed to serve until age 70 . New Jersey 's judiciary is unusual in that it still has separate courts of law and equity , like its neighbor Delaware but unlike most other U.S. states . The New Jersey Superior Court is divided into Law and Chancery Divisions at the trial level ; the Law Division hears both criminal cases and civil lawsuits where the plaintiff 's primary remedy is damages , while the Chancery Division hears family cases , civil suits where the plaintiff 's primary remedy is equitable relief , and probate trials .
United States antitrust law
In many cases large US companies tend to deal with overseas antitrust within the overseas jurisdiction , autonomous of US laws , such as in Microsoft Corp v Commission and more recently , Google v European Union where the companies were heavily fined . Questions have been raised with regards to the consistency of antitrust between jurisdictions where the same antitrust corporate behaviour , and similar antitrust legal environment , is prosecuted in one jurisdiction but not another .
Spanish Inquisition
Nearly all of almost 500 cases of sodomy between persons concerned the relationship between an older man and an adolescent , often by coercion , with only a few cases where the couple were consenting homosexual adults . About 100 of the total involved allegations of child abuse . Adolescents were generally punished more leniently than adults , but only when they were very young ( under ca . 12 years ) or when the case clearly concerned rape did they have a chance to avoid punishment altogether . As a rule , the Inquisition condemned to death only those sodomites over the age of 25 years . As about half of those tried were under this age , it explains the relatively small percentage of death sentences . Freemasonry
Taxicabs of New York City
TLC - licensed drivers self - reported 167 different countries as their place of birth in the 2000 United States Census , and of all TLC drivers in 2000 , 84 % were immigrants , up from the 64 % figure reported in 1990 and the 38 % reported in 1980 . That year , about 18 % of drivers identified their place of birth as Bangladesh , the country where the most taxi drivers reported themselves as having been born . Drivers providing app - based services identify most commonly as being born in South Asia and the Caribbean / West Indies . Additionally , 97 % of New York City taxi drivers self - reported as male and only 2.5 % to 3 % self - reported as female . This still held mostly true in 2015 , where the greatest number of TLC drivers , about 14 % , identified their place of birth as Bangladesh , followed by 12 % the Dominican Republic ; 9 % each from the United States and Pakistan ; and 6 % from India . As of 2015 , about half of traditional for - hire vehicle drivers were from the Dominican Republic , and nearly a quarter of medallion drivers were from Bangladesh . Additionally , the vast majority of TLC drivers were still male , with female TLC drivers making up from 1 % of medallion taxi drivers to 4 % of app - based for - hire vehicle drivers . The average TLC driver was middle - aged , with app - based drivers having a median age of 39 and all other drivers having a median age of 46 -- 47 .
Euthanasia
Robert Ingersoll argued for euthanasia , stating in 1894 that where someone is suffering from a terminal illness , such as terminal cancer , they should have a right to end their pain through suicide . Felix Adler offered a similar approach , although , unlike Ingersoll , Adler did not reject religion . In fact , he argued from an Ethical Culture framework . In 1891 , Alder argued that those suffering from overwhelming pain should have the right to commit suicide , and , furthermore , that it should be permissible for a doctor to assist -- thus making Adler the first `` prominent American '' to argue for suicide in cases where people were suffering from chronic illness . Both Ingersoll and Adler argued for voluntary euthanasia of adults suffering from terminal ailments . Dowbiggin argues that by breaking down prior moral objections to euthanasia and suicide , Ingersoll and Adler enabled others to stretch the definition of euthanasia .