vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
The Beatles
Their hairstyle , unusually long for the era and mocked by many adults , became an emblem of rebellion to the burgeoning youth culture . Their popularity generated unprecedented interest in British music , and a number of other UK acts subsequently made their own American debuts , successfully touring over the next three years in what was termed the British Invasion . The Beatles ' success in the US opened the door for a successive string of British beat groups and pop acts such as the Dave Clark Five , the Animals , Petula Clark , the Kinks , and the Rolling Stones to achieve success in America . During the week of 4 April 1964 , the Beatles held twelve positions on the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart , including the top five . A
Tina Turner
In 1969 , the Revue 's profile in their home country was raised after opening for the Rolling Stones on their US tour . In 1970 , they performed on The Ed Sullivan Show . The tour 's success resulted in the Revue signing with Liberty Records , where they released two albums , Come Together and Workin ' Together , released in 1970 and 1971 respectively . Come Together produced the duo 's first top 40 single with their cover of Sly and the Family Stone 's `` I Want to Take You Higher '' . Come Together marked a turning point in their careers in which they switched from their usual R&B repertoire to incorporate more rock tunes . In early 1971 , their cover of Creedence Clearwater Revival 's `` Proud Mary '' became their biggest hit , reaching number 4 on the Hot 100 and selling over a million copies , winning them a Grammy for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group . Later in 1971 , their live album , What You Hear Is What You Get , taken from a performance at Carnegie Hall , was their first to be certified gold . In 1972 , Ike Turner created the studio , Bolic Sounds , near their home in Inglewood . After Liberty was bought by United Artists Records , the duo was assigned to that label , releasing ten albums in a three - year period . The duo 's final major hit single , `` Nutbush City Limits '' , was released in 1973 , reaching number 22 on the Hot 100 , and peaking at number 4 in the UK . In 1974 , Tina released her first solo album , Tina Turns the Country On ! , winning a Grammy nomination .
Ural Mountains
The Ural Mountains contain about 48 species of economically valuable ores and economically valuable minerals . Eastern regions are rich in chalcopyrite , nickel oxide , gold , platinum , chromite and magnetite ores , as well as in coal ( Chelyabinsk Oblast ) , bauxite , talc , fireclay and abrasives . The Western Urals contain deposits of coal , oil , natural gas ( Ishimbay and Krasnokamsk areas ) and potassium salts . Both slopes are rich in bituminous coal and lignite , and the largest deposit of bituminous coal is in the north ( Pechora field ) . The specialty of the Urals is precious and semi-precious stones , such as emerald , amethyst , aquamarine , jasper , rhodonite , malachite and diamond . Some of the deposits , such as the magnetite ores at Magnitogorsk , are already nearly depleted .
We Belong Together
I had the chills . I had a great feeling about it when we finished writing the song , and I was flying back from Atlanta at some crazy hour of the morning ... But we were listening to it on the plane ride on the way home , and even from the demo version , I really felt something very special .
The House of the Rising Sun
Preceded by `` Where Did Our Love Go '' by The Supremes Billboard Hot 100 number - one single 5 September 1964 -- 19 September 1964 Succeeded by `` Oh , Pretty Woman '' by Roy Orbison Preceded by `` It 's Over '' by Roy Orbison UK Singles Chart number - one single 9 July 1964 -- 15 July 1964 Succeeded by `` It 's All Over Now '' by The Rolling Stones
Thermal comfort
While air movement can be pleasant and provide comfort in some circumstances , it is sometimes unwanted and causes discomfort . This unwanted air movement is called `` draft '' and is most prevalent when the thermal sensation of the whole body is cool . People are most likely to feel a draft on uncovered body parts such as their head , neck , shoulders , ankles , feet , and legs , but the sensation also depends on the air speed , air temperature , activity , and clothing . Vertical
Elena Gilbert
After Elena became a vampire , she became sired to Damon and they slept together . According to Plec during an interview with TVLine , Elena `` really believes what she feels is 100 percent genuine and real '' , and the couple `` wants to be together and realizes that they should n't , yet really wants to . So what do they do ? '' Stefan became heartbroken , feeling angry and betrayed , and lashed out at Damon and Elena . In the season 4 finale , an unsired Elena confirms that she is in love with Damon , and the two kiss passionately . At the end of season 6 , the two plan to become human , get married , and have children together , but their dream is abruptly compromised by Kai , who puts Elena into a magical coma . Damon remains entirely devoted to Elena throughout the remaining two seasons as Elena sleeps peacefully . In the season 8 finale , she is revealed to be happily married to Damon . Elena considers Damon to be the love of her life and her soulmate .
Lynyrd Skynyrd
The junior Gaines , who led his own band , Crawdad ( which occasionally would perform Skynyrd 's `` Saturday Night Special '' in their set ) , was invited to audition onstage with Skynyrd at a concert in Kansas City on May 11 , 1976 . Liking what they heard , the group also jammed informally with the Oklahoma native several times , then invited him into the group in June . With Gaines on board , the newly reconstituted band recorded the double - live album One More from the Road at the Fox Theatre ( Atlanta , Georgia ) in Atlanta , and performed at the Knebworth festival , which also featured the Rolling Stones . Coincidentally , Gaines shared the same birth date as his predecessor Ed King . Lynyrd
Heart
When the sinoatrial cells are resting , they have a negative charge on their membranes . However a rapid influx of sodium ions causes the membrane 's charge to become positive . This is called depolarisation and occurs spontaneously . Once the cell has a sufficiently high charge , the sodium channels close and calcium ions then begin to enter the cell , shortly after which potassium begins to leave it . All the ions travel through ion channels in the membrane of the sinoatrial cells . The potassium and calcium only start to move out of and into the cell once it has a sufficiently high charge , and so are called voltage - gated . Shortly after this , the calcium channels close and potassium channels open , allowing potassium to leave the cell . This causes the cell to have a negative resting charge and is called repolarization . When the membrane potential reaches approximately − 60 mV , the potassium channels close and the process may begin again .
Cool jazz
Ted Gioia has noted that some of the artists associated with the ECM label during the 1970s are direct stylistic heirs of cool jazz . While these musicians may not sound similar to earlier cool artists , they share the same values :
United Kingdom
The Beatles have international sales of over one billion units and are the biggest - selling and most influential band in the history of popular music . Other prominent British contributors to have influenced popular music over the last 50 years include ; The Rolling Stones , Pink Floyd , Queen , Led Zeppelin , the Bee Gees , and Elton John , all of whom have worldwide record sales of 200 million or more . The Brit Awards are the BPI 's annual music awards , and some of the British recipients of the Outstanding Contribution to Music award include ; The Who , David Bowie , Eric Clapton , Rod Stewart and The Police . More recent UK music acts that have had international success include Coldplay , Radiohead , Oasis , Spice Girls , Robbie Williams , Amy Winehouse and Adele .
Eyepiece
Elements are the individual lenses , which may come as simple lenses or `` singlets '' and cemented doublets or ( rarely ) triplets . When lenses are cemented together in pairs or triples , the combined elements are called groups ( of lenses ) .
Evidence of common descent
As an animal dies , the organic materials gradually decay , such that the bones become porous . If the animal is subsequently buried in mud , mineral salts infiltrate into the bones and gradually fill up the pores . The bones harden into stones and are preserved as fossils . This process is known as petrification . If dead animals are covered by wind - blown sand , and if the sand is subsequently turned into mud by heavy rain or floods , the same process of mineral infiltration may occur . Apart from petrification , the dead bodies of organisms may be well preserved in ice , in hardened resin of coniferous trees ( figure 3a ) , in tar , or in anaerobic , acidic peat . Fossilization can sometimes be a trace , an impression of a form . Examples include leaves and footprints , the fossils of which are made in layers that then harden .
Indian painting
The colours extracted from certain minerals , plant sources , conch shells , and were even derived by processing precious stones , gold and silver were used . The preparation of desired colours was a lengthy process , sometimes taking weeks . Brushes used were very fine .
Liz Parker
At the start of season three , viewers can only see flashes of some moments of the summer when Liz and Max reconcile in order to understand what happened after departure and what brought them to `` busted '' and then together again . They arrange to go out on a date , a way to start things over from the beginning . They are on their date when Max decides to go skinny dipping . As Liz is about to join him , Max gets a vision from his son and begins to drown . Liz saves him . Max realizes that his son is in trouble . They search for a ship that they believe is held in a storage facility in the basement of a convenience store in Utah . Liz and Max come up with a plan to hold up the store and when Liz is holding the shop clerk hostage , Max will go down and check to see whether the ship is there . Max gives Liz a gun and when they hold up the convenience store , Max finds that there is a ship and it is still working , but his time is cut short as the police arrive . They try to escape , but they fail . They are caught after a police chase , and both are arrested and held in the local jail . Max is let out after the police find that nothing was taken from the shop . They could n't find the weapon , but due to a witness seeing Liz with the gun , Liz is kept in jail .
Gimme Shelter
`` Gimme Shelter '' has been played in a variety of movies and television shows / commercials . The 1970 documentary film Gimme Shelter , directed by Albert and David Maysles and Charlotte Zwerin , chronicling the last weeks of the Stones ' 1969 US tour and culminating in the disastrous Altamont Free Concert , took its name from the song . A live version of the song played over the documentary 's credits .
LL Cool J
In October 2014 , he announced his upcoming 14th studio album will be called G.O.A.T. 2 with a release window of 2015 . LL Cool J stated about the album `` the concept behind the album was to give upcoming artists an opportunity to shine , and put myself in the position where I have to spit bars with some of the hardest rhymers in the game '' ; however , the album was put on hold . LL Cool J explained the reason for it , saying , `` It was good but I did n't feel like it was ready yet . ''
The Open House
A repairman is called to inspect the faulty hot water tank . He reveals that Martha 's husband really did die and Martha has Alzheimer 's . This leads to her sometimes forgetting what has happened , but she is harmless . The repairman finds Logan 's missing phone near the water heater , leading Naomi to believe that Logan had been messing with her . The two have a heated argument . That night , it is revealed that there is someone else lurking in the home . One day , Naomi and Logan find that their home has been broken into , but the police found nothing . Unable to afford a hotel , the mother and son are forced to remain in the house .
SS Great Britain
After being trapped in the harbour for more than a year , Great Britain was at last floated out in December 1844 , but not before causing more anxiety for her proprietors . After passing successfully through the first set of lock gates , she jammed on her passage through the second , which led to the River Avon . Only the seamanship of Captain Claxton ( who after Naval service held the position of Quay Warden ( Harbour Master ) at Bristol ) enabled her to be pulled back and severe structural damage avoided . The following day an army of workmen , under the direct control of Brunel , took advantage of the slightly higher tide and removed coping stones and lock gate platforms from the Junction Lock , allowing the tug Samson , again under Claxton 's supervision , to tow the ship safely into the Avon that midnight .
John Steinbeck
Steinbeck complained publicly about government harassment . Thomas Steinbeck , the author 's eldest son , said that J. Edgar Hoover , director of the FBI at the time , could find no basis for prosecuting Steinbeck and therefore used his power to encourage the U.S. Internal Revenue Service to audit Steinbeck 's taxes every single year of his life , just to annoy him . According to Thomas , a true artist is one who `` without a thought for self , stands up against the stones of condemnation , and speaks for those who are given no real voice in the halls of justice , or the halls of government . By doing so , these people will naturally become the enemies of the political status quo . ''
Computer
Program execution might be likened to reading a book . While a person will normally read each word and line in sequence , they may at times jump back to an earlier place in the text or skip sections that are not of interest . Similarly , a computer may sometimes go back and repeat the instructions in some section of the program over and over again until some internal condition is met . This is called the flow of control within the program and it is what allows the computer to perform tasks repeatedly without human intervention .
Hajj
Pilgrim numbers have greatly increased in recent years , which has led to numerous accidents and deaths due to overcrowding . The first major accident during Hajj in modern times occurred in 1990 , when a tunnel stampede led to the death of 1,462 people . Afterwards , various crowd - control techniques were adopted to ensure safety . Because of large crowds , some of the rituals have become more symbolic . For example , it is no longer necessary to kiss the Black Stone . Instead , pilgrims simply point at it on each circuit around the Kaaba . Also , the large pillars used for pebble throwing were changed into long walls in 2004 with basins below to catch the stones . Another example is that animal sacrifice is now done at slaughterhouses appointed by the Saudi authorities , without the pilgrims being present there .
List of The Land Before Time characters
The character was originally conceived as a male Triceratops named `` Bambo '' , but was changed to a female named `` Cera '' at the suggestion of producer George Lucas midway through animation of the first movie . Hal Hinson of The Washington Post called Cera `` a fiercely cute and rambunctious little dynamo '' in his review of the 1988 original , with critic Mark R. Leeper likewise calling her `` cute and pugnacious . '' She was the main character of the 2001 children 's book The Land Before Time : Cera 's Big Day Out by Molly Goode , Judy Freudeberg , and Tony Geiss , as well as the 2007 book Cera 's Shiny Stone based on the TV series episode `` The Canyon of Shiny Stones '' .
Cahokia
Excavations near Mound 34 from 2002 to 2010 revealed a copper workshop . This unique find was originally discovered in the 1950s by archaeologist Gregory Perino but its exact location was lost for 60 years . It is the only known copper workshop to be found at a Mississippian culture site . The area contains the remains of three tree stumps thought to have been used to hold anvil stones . Analysis of copper found during excavations showed that it had been annealed , a technique involving repeatedly heating and cooling the metal as it is worked , as blacksmiths do with iron .
Moss
After fertilisation , the immature sporophyte pushes its way out of the archegonial venter . It takes about a quarter to half a year for the sporophyte to mature . The sporophyte body comprises a long stalk , called a seta , and a capsule capped by a cap called the operculum . The capsule and operculum are in turn sheathed by a haploid calyptra which is the remains of the archegonial venter . The calyptra usually falls off when the capsule is mature . Within the capsule , spore - producing cells undergo meiosis to form haploid spores , upon which the cycle can start again . The mouth of the capsule is usually ringed by a set of teeth called peristome . This may be absent in some mosses .
Mental calculation
Secondly , this method uses negative numbers as necessary , even when multiplying two positive integers , in order to quicken the rate of multiplication via subtraction . This means two positive integers can be multiplied together to get negative intermediate steps , yet still the correct positive answer in the end . These negative numbers are actually automatically derived from the multiplication steps themselves and are thus unique to a particular problem . Again , such negative intermediate steps are designed to help hasten the mental math .
List of The Mortal Instruments characters
Kitty ( revealed in The Bane Chronicles : What Really Happened in Peru ) . Kitty was a mundane who had a fling with Magnus in 1962 . Presumably Latina , Kitty met Magnus at Cuzco in Peru . Kitty was a con artist , and the couple went on a magical crime spree during the summer they were together .
Black Sabbath
In 1997 , Tony Iommi disbanded the current line - up to officially reunite with Ozzy Osbourne and the original Black Sabbath line - up . Vocalist Tony Martin claimed that an original line - up reunion had been in the works since the band 's brief reunion at Ozzy Osbourne 's 1992 Costa Mesa show , and that the band released subsequent albums to fulfill their record contract with I.R.S. Records . Martin later recalled Forbidden ( 1995 ) as a `` filler album that got the band out of the label deal , rid of the singer , and into the reunion . However I was n't privy to that information at the time '' . I.R.S. Records released a compilation album in 1996 to fulfill the band 's contract , titled The Sabbath Stones , which featured songs from Born Again ( 1983 ) to Forbidden ( 1995 ) .
Nuclear fusion
The situation is similar if two nuclei are brought together . As they approach each other , all the protons in one nucleus repel all the protons in the other . Not until the two nuclei actually come close enough for long enough so the strong nuclear force can take over ( by way of tunneling ) is the repulsive electrostatic force overcome . Consequently , even when the final energy state is lower , there is a large energy barrier that must first be overcome . It is called the Coulomb barrier .
Chola dynasty
The Chola rulers built several palaces and fortifications to protect their cities . The fortifications were mostly made up of bricks but other materials like stone , wood and mud were also used . According to the ancient Tamil text Silappadikaram , the Tamil kings defended their forts with catapults that threw stones , huge cauldrons of boiling water or molten lead , and hooks , chains and traps .
Aria Montgomery
On another interview with ClevverTV.com , Lucy Hale said , `` She 's like an old soul with an espectacular body and she knows what she wants ... she 's very cool , she 's got it put together . '' While also commenting on her style : `` She 's sort of all over the place ... she 's the quirkiest one and just put miss - match pieces together and mixes vintage stuff with modern things ... very funky ... very creative . '' .
Castillo de San Marcos
The Castillo de San Marcos is the oldest masonry fort in the continental United States . Located on the western shore of Matanzas Bay in the city of St. Augustine , Florida , the fort was designed by the Spanish engineer Ignacio Daza . Construction began in 1672 , 107 years after the city 's founding by Spanish Admiral and conquistador Pedro Menéndez de Avilés , when Florida was part of the Spanish Empire . The fort 's construction was ordered by Governor Francisco de la Guerra y de la Vega after the destructive raid by the English privateer Robert Searles in 1668 . Work proceeded under the administration of Guerra 's successor , Manuel de Cendoya in 1671 , and the first coquina stones were laid in 1672 . The construction of the core of the current fortress was completed in 1695 , though it would undergo many alterations and renovations over the centuries .
Aihole
The Durga temple complex houses the Aihole Museum and Art Gallery , managed by the Archaeological Survey of India . The museum has outdoor display of excavated statues , artwork , hero stones , and temple parts demolished in past . It also has an indoor collection with best preserved pieces of statues and temple parts found in the region . The collection includes images of Shiva , Parvati , Vishnu , Lakshmi , Brahma , Saraswati , Durga , Saptamatrika , Surya , Indra and others . The life size Lajja Gauri with lotus head , found in Aihole , is a part of the indoor collection .
LL Cool J
LL Cool J worked behind the scenes with the mid-1980s hip - hop sportswear line TROOP . LL Cool J launched a clothing line ( called `` Todd Smith '' ) . The brand produces popular urban apparel . Designs include influences from LL 's lyrics and tattoos , as well as from other icons in the hip - hop community . LL Cool J has written four books , including 1998 's I Make My Own Rules , an autobiography cowritten with Karen Hunter . His second book was the children - oriented book called And The Winner Is ... published in 2002 . In 2006 , LL Cool J and his personal trainer , Dave `` Scooter '' Honig , wrote a fitness book titled The Platinum Workout . His fourth book , LL Cool J ( Hip - Hop Stars ) was cowritten in 2007 with hip - hop historian Dustin Shekell and Public Enemy 's Chuck D .
List of The Vampire Diaries characters
To make Anna reveal the location of Mikael , Katherine and Damon kidnap and begin hurting Jeremy . Anna and Jeremy seem to be talking again , working together to stop Vicki . Anna 's re-appearances indicate that Jeremy is thinking about her , even when he 's with Bonnie . When the doorway to the Other Side is opened , they are able to touch and secretly hang out . Elena sees them as they kiss , and Bonnie is influenced to close the doorway when she learns of this .