vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Bacterial conjugation
Bacterial conjugation is often regarded as the bacterial equivalent of sexual reproduction or mating since it involves the exchange of genetic material . However , it is not sexual reproduction , since no exchange of gamete occurs . During conjugation the donor cell provides a conjugative or mobilizable genetic element that is most often a plasmid or transposon . Most conjugative plasmids have systems ensuring that the recipient cell does not already contain a similar element .
Humanism
Humanism was not an ideological programme but a body of literary knowledge and linguistic skill based on the `` revival of good letters '' , which was a revival of a late - antique philology and grammar , This is how the word `` humanist '' was understood by contemporaries , and if scholars would agree to accept the word in this sense rather than in the sense in which it was used in the nineteenth century we might be spared a good deal of useless argument . That humanism had profound social and even political consequences of the life of Italian courts is not to be doubted . But the idea that as a movement it was in some way inimical to the Church , or to the conservative social order in general is one that has been put forward for a century and more without any substantial proof being offered . The
History of laptops
By the end of the 1980s , laptop computers were becoming popular among business people . The COMPAQ SLT / 286 debuted in October 1988 , being the first battery - powered laptop to support an internal hard disk drive and a VGA compatible LCD screen . It weighed 14 lbs .
Ganesha
Ganesha is worshipped on many religious and secular occasions , especially at the beginning of ventures such as buying a vehicle or starting a business . K.N. Somayaji says , `` there can hardly be a ( Hindu ) home ( in India ) which does not house an idol of Ganapati ... Ganapati , being the most popular deity in India , is worshipped by almost all castes and in all parts of the country '' . Devotees believe that if Ganesha is propitiated , he grants success , prosperity and protection against adversity .
The Lion Guard
Kulinda ( voiced by Elise Allen ) -- A hamerkop who leaves her egg in Ono 's nest while she builds a new nest that is safe from predators . She later names her baby Ona , in honor of Ono .
Japanese cuisine
Soy sauce ( shōyu ) is not usually poured over most foods at the table ; a dipping dish is usually provided . Soy sauce is , however , meant to be poured directly onto tōfu and grated daikon dishes , and in the raw egg when preparing tamago kake gohan ( `` egg on rice '' ) . In particular , soy sauce should never be poured onto rice or into soup .
Bootstrapping
The development of compilers for new programming languages first developed in an existing language but then rewritten in the new language and compiled by itself , is another example of the bootstrapping notion . Using an existing language to bootstrap a new language is one way to solve the `` chicken or the egg '' causality dilemma . Installers
Under the Dome (TV series)
Over the next six weeks , many events happen within the dome . Joe and Norrie find the mini-dome and the egg within it . The Kinship chooses Joe , Norrie , James , and Angie to be `` the four hands , '' people who protect the dome , the mini dome , and the egg and interact with them . Pink stars , a visible energy source , appear many times throughout the life of the dome , most noticeably on the egg .
Repatriation (cultural heritage)
The Haisla totem Pole of Kitimat , British Columbia was originally prepared for chief G'psgoalux in 1872 . This aboriginal artifact was donated to a Swedish museum in 1929 . According to the donor , he had purchased the pole from the Haisla people while he lived on the Canadian west coast and served as Swedish consul . After being approached by the Haisla people , the Swedish government decided in 1994 to return the pole , as the exact circumstances around the acquisition were unclear . The pole was returned to Kitimat in 2006 after a building had been constructed in order to preserve the pole .
Cross of Gold speech
We say to you that you have made the definition of a business man too limited in its application . The man who is employed for wages is as much a business man as his employer ; the attorney in a country town is as much a business man as the corporation counsel in a great metropolis ; the merchant at the cross-roads store is as much a business man as the merchant of New York ; the farmer who goes forth in the morning and toils all day , who begins in spring and toils all summer , and who by the application of brain and muscle to the natural resources of the country creates wealth , is as much a business man as the man who goes upon the Board of Trade and bets upon the price of grain ; the miners who go down a thousand feet into the earth , or climb two thousand feet upon the cliffs , and bring forth from their hiding places the precious metals to be poured into the channels of trade are as much business men as the few financial magnates who , in a back room , corner the money of the world . We come to speak of this broader class of business men .
Under the Dome (TV series)
After a while , the dome begins to deteriorate because the egg is being destroyed . As a result , The Kinship and The Resistance must work together to escape ; otherwise , the dome will turn to stone , and everyone will suffocate and die . They work together , eventually bringing down the dome . However , The Resistance plans to capture and kill The Kinship . Once the dome comes down , the government enters Chester 's Mill and imprisons everyone , letting the non-infected people ( The Resistance ) remain free .
List of Shameless (U.S. TV series) characters
In season 5 , episode 6 , Fiona encounters Jimmy at her diner job . She sleeps with him , cheating on her husband , but later comes clean . They all agree to meet at the diner to discuss the affair but Gus immediately punches Jimmy in the face . Fiona talks to Jimmy and he offers to whisk her away to Dubai but she decides it 's better to end their relationship and she still does n't know his real identity . Jimmy 's business partner Angela then tells Fiona the truth that their business dealings in Dubai actually fell through and tells her that `` Jack '' is a good thief but a terrible person .
IS–LM model
Although generally accepted as being imperfect , the model is seen as a useful pedagogical tool for imparting an understanding of the questions that macroeconomists today attempt to answer through more nuanced approaches . As such , it is included in most undergraduate macroeconomics textbooks , but omitted from most graduate texts due to the current dominance of real business cycle and new Keynesian theories .
Air New Zealand
Business Premier is the highest available class on Air New Zealand flights , available on both 777 variants and the 787 aircraft . The seating is configured in a herringbone layout in a 1 - 2 - 1 configuration on the 777s and 1 - 1 - 1 on the 787 , allowing direct access for every passenger to an aisle . Each seat is 22 inches ( 560 mm ) wide leather and comes with an ottoman footrest that doubles as a visitor seat . The seat converts to a full length ( 79.5 in or 2,020 mm ) lie - flat bed , for which a pillow , duvet and sheet are provided . Business Premiere cabins can lie flat 6 feet 6 inches i.e. the longest in any airline . Long Haul Business Class : Pitch 79.5 inches Width 22 inches Seat Type Lie Flat , Short Haul Business Class : Pitch 50 inches , Seat Width 22 inches , Seat Type Angle Lie Flat .
Ready Player One (film)
In 2045 , due to various geopolitical events , many of Earth 's cities have become slums ; its inhabitants regularly escape into the virtual reality world of the OASIS . Its co-founder , the late James `` Anorak '' Halliday , announces a contest in which players must find an Easter egg inside a gate that requires three keys hidden in the worlds ; the winner to receive full ownership and control of the OASIS . This attracts a number of Gunters ( `` egg hunters '' ) as well as the video game conglomerate Innovative Online Industries ( IOI ) , headed by their new CEO Nolan Sorrento , who employs researchers of Halliday , as well as top gamers and indentured servants called `` Sixers '' .
The Great Gatsby
Nick Carraway -- a New Haven College graduate originating from the Midwest , a World War I veteran , and , at the start of the plot , a newly arrived resident of West Egg , who is aged 29 ( later 30 ) . He also serves as the first - person narrator of the novel . He is Gatsby 's next - door neighbor and a bond salesman . He is easy - going , occasionally sarcastic , and somewhat optimistic , although this latter quality fades as the novel progresses . He is a more grounded character than the others , and more practical , and is always in awe of other characters ' lifestyles and morals . Jay Gatsby ( originally James `` Jimmy '' Gatz ) -- a young , mysterious millionaire with shady business connections ( later revealed to be a bootlegger ) , originally from North Dakota . He is obsessed with Daisy Buchanan , a beautiful debutante from Louisville , Kentucky whom he had met when he was a young military officer stationed at the Army 's Camp Taylor in Louisville during World War I . The character is based on the bootlegger and former World War I officer , Max Gerlach , according to Some Sort of Epic Grandeur , Matthew J. Bruccoli 's biography of F. Scott Fitzgerald . Gatsby is said to have briefly studied at Trinity College , Oxford in England after the end of World War I . Daisy Fay Buchanan -- an attractive though shallow and self - absorbed , young Louisville , Kentucky debutante and socialite , identified as a flapper . She is Nick 's second cousin , once removed , and the wife of Tom Buchanan . Daisy once had a romantic relationship with Gatsby , before she married Tom . Her choice between Gatsby and Tom is one of the central conflicts in the novel . Daisy is believed to have been inspired by Fitzgerald 's own youthful romances with Ginevra King . Thomas `` Tom '' Buchanan -- a millionaire who lives on East Egg , and Daisy 's husband . Tom is an imposing man of muscular build with a `` husky tenor '' voice and arrogant demeanor . He is a former football star at New Haven College . Buchanan has parallels with William Mitchell , the Chicagoan who married Ginevra King .
Hurricane Harvey
On August 27 , 2017 KSL - TV , KSL Newsradio , FM100. 3 , and 103.5 The Arrow created a fundraiser to help Texas residents impacted by Hurricane Harvey . Because of an anonymous donor willing to match $2 for every $1 raised up to a total of $100,000 , Peter Huntsman also agreed to match donations up to $100,000 . The combined total of $200,000 was met by August 31 , 2017 . Their new goal is $1 million .
Artemis
A scholium of Servius on Aeneid iii. 72 accounts for the island 's archaic name Ortygia by asserting that Zeus transformed Leto into a quail ( ortux ) in order to prevent Hera from finding out about his infidelity , and Kenneth McLeish suggested further that in quail form Leto would have given birth with as few birth - pains as a mother quail suffers when it lays an egg .
Above-the-line deduction
Internal Revenue Code Section 62 ( a ) ( 1 ) allows above - the - line deductions for most ordinary and necessary business expenses which are attributable to a trade or business carried on by the taxpayer , if such trade or business does not consist of the performance of services by the taxpayer as an employee . I.R.C. 162 ( a ) . This includes reasonable allowance for salaries or other compensation for personal services rendered , traveling expenses ( including amounts expended for meals and lodging other than amounts which are lavish or extravagant under the circumstances ) while away from home in the pursuit of a trade or business ; and rentals or other payments required to be made as a condition to the continued use or possession , for purposes of the trade or business , of property to which the taxpayer has not taken or is not taking title or in which he has no equity .
Polar bear
The polar bear has an extremely well developed sense of smell , being able to detect seals nearly 1.6 km ( 1 mi ) away and buried under 1 m ( 3 ft ) of snow . Its hearing is about as acute as that of a human , and its vision is also good at long distances .
ISO 9000
Pickrell argues that ISO systems merely gauge whether the processes are being followed . It does not gauge how good the processes are or whether the correct parameters are being measured and controlled to ensure quality . Furthermore , when unique technical solutions are involved in the creation of a new part , ISO does not validate the robustness of the technical solution which is a key part of advanced quality planning . It is not unheard of for an ISO - certified plant to display poor quality performance due to poor process selection and / or poor technical solutions .
Impeachment
Jefferson 's Manual , which is integral to the Rules of the House of Representatives , states that impeachment is set in motion by charges made on the floor , charges proferred by a memorial , a member 's resolution referred to a committee , a message from the president , or from facts developed and reported by an investigating committee of the House . It further states that a proposition to impeach is a question of high privilege in the House and at once supersedes business otherwise in order under the rules governing the order of business . Process
Euthanasia
The third element incorporated into many definitions is that of intentionality -- the death must be intended , rather than being accidental , and the intent of the action must be a `` merciful death '' . Michael Wreen argued that `` the principal thing that distinguishes euthanasia from intentional killing simpliciter is the agent 's motive : it must be a good motive insofar as the good of the person killed is concerned . '' Similarly , Heather Draper speaks to the importance of motive , arguing that `` the motive forms a crucial part of arguments for euthanasia , because it must be in the best interests of the person on the receiving end . '' Definitions such as that offered by the House of Lords Select Committee on Medical Ethics take this path , where euthanasia is defined as `` a deliberate intervention undertaken with the express intention of ending a life , to relieve intractable suffering . '' Beauchamp and Davidson also highlight Baruch Brody 's `` an act of euthanasia is one in which one person ... ( A ) kills another person ( B ) for the benefit of the second person , who actually does benefit from being killed '' .
Glycolysis
The same reaction can also be catalyzed by pyrophosphate - dependent phosphofructokinase ( PFP or PPi - PFK ) , which is found in most plants , some bacteria , archea , and protists , but not in animals . This enzyme uses pyrophosphate ( PPi ) as a phosphate donor instead of ATP . It is a reversible reaction , increasing the flexibility of glycolytic metabolism . A rarer ADP - dependent PFK enzyme variant has been identified in archaean species .
Labour Party (UK)
Support for the LRC was boosted by the 1901 Taff Vale Case , a dispute between strikers and a railway company that ended with the union being ordered to pay £ 23,000 damages for a strike . The judgement effectively made strikes illegal since employers could recoup the cost of lost business from the unions . The apparent acquiescence of the Conservative Government of Arthur Balfour to industrial and business interests ( traditionally the allies of the Liberal Party in opposition to the Conservative 's landed interests ) intensified support for the LRC against a government that appeared to have little concern for the industrial proletariat and its problems . Labour
Business
Business process management ( BPM ) is a holistic management approach focused on aligning all aspects of an organization with the wants and needs of clients . BPM attempts to improve processes continuously . It can , therefore , be described as a `` process optimization process '' . It is argued that BPM enables organizations to be more efficient , effective and capable of change than a functionally focused , traditional hierarchical management approach .
Franchising
The word `` franchise '' is of Anglo - French derivation -- from franc , meaning free -- and is used both as a noun and as a ( transitive ) verb . For the franchiser , use of a franchise system is an alternative business growth strategy , compared to say expansion through corporate owned outlets or `` chain stores '' . Adopting a franchise system business growth strategy for the sale and distribution of goods and services minimizes the franchiser 's capital investment and liability risk .
The Fate of the Furious
While The Fate of the Furious 's debut is 34 % less than its predecessor 's opening , critics have noted that the debut is still considered a massive success and not a big let down given how it is the eighth installment in an action franchise . Universal Pictures was well aware that the robust debut of Furious 7 could not be duplicated due to the wave of good reviews and publicity over the death of star Paul Walker , as well as the notion that the installment was both a farewell to said actor and a kind of coronation for the franchise as a whole . Nevertheless , the film benefited from Easter holiday business with 74 % of all K - 12 schools off on Good Friday as well as a third of the nation 's colleges . The film comes out in the wake of its parent franchise celebrating 16 years of availability in cinemas . To wit , few film franchises which are close to 20 years old have demonstrated a box office ability to increase their openings with each installment over time or maintain them in close proximity in terms of debut numbers ; James Bond film series , Batman film series , Jurassic Park franchise , and Star Wars franchise .
Agatha Christie: And Then There Were None
Reactions to the game were mixed , with many reviewers polarized in their opinions : some calling it a good adaptation of the novel ; others , an extremely poor adventure game . Several reviews harshly criticized the game 's character design and graphics as being archaic and outdated , whereas others praised aspects such as character dialogue and a captivating story .
Human rights in the Philippines
Tripartite Action for the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrant Workers in the ASEAN Region ( 1 May 2012 -- 31 March 2016 ) is an ongoing ASEAN TRIANGLE project that aims to significantly reduce the exploitation of labour migrants in the region through increased legal and safe migration and improved labour protection . This is a donor project from the Government of Canada . Building the Capacity of the Philippines Labour Inspectorate ( 15 December 2014 -- 14 December 2017 ) is a collaborative project with DOLE to strengthen its Labour Law Compliance System ( LLCS ) by promoting a positive mindset towards work .
Franchising
A franchise usually lasts for a fixed time period ( broken down into shorter periods , which each require renewal ) , and serves a specific territory or geographical area surrounding its location . One franchisee may manage several such locations . Agreements typically last from five to thirty years , with premature cancellations or terminations of most contracts bearing serious consequences for franchisees . A franchise is merely a temporary business investment involving renting or leasing an opportunity , not the purchase of a business for the purpose of ownership . It is classified as a wasting asset due to the finite term of the license .
Lobbying in the United States
Access is vital in lobbying . If you ca n't get in your door , you ca n't make your case . Here we had a hostile senator , whose staff was hostile , and we had to get in . So that 's the lobbyist safe - cracker method : throw fundraisers , raise money , and become a big donor . -- Lobbyist Jack Abramoff in 2011
Internet privacy
Device fingerprinting is a fairly new technology that is useful in fraud prevention and safeguarding any information from one 's computer . Device fingerprinting uses data from the device and browser sessions to determine the risk of conducting business with the person using the device . This technology allows companies to better assess the risks when business is conducted through sites that include , e-commerce sites , social networking and online dating sites and banks and other financial institutions . ThreatMetrix is one of the leading vendors of device fingerprinting . This company employs a number of techniques to prevent fraud . For example , ThreatMetrix will pierce the proxy to determine the true location of a device . Due to the growing number of hackers and fraudsters using ' botnets ' of millions of computers that are being unknowingly controlled , this technology will help not only the companies at risk but the people who are unaware their computers are being used .
Muhammad Yunus
For his work with Grameen , Yunus was named an Ashoka : Innovators for the Public Global Academy Member in 2001 . In the book Grameen Social Business Model , its author Rashidul Bari said that Grameen 's social business model ( GSBM ) has gone from being theory to an inspiring practice adopted by leading universities ( e.g. , Glasgow ) , entrepreneurs ( e.g. , Franck Riboud ) and corporations ( e.g. , Danone ) across the globe . Through Grameen Bank , Rashidul Bari claims that Yunus demonstrated how Grameen Social Business Model can harness the entrepreneurial spirit to empower poor women and alleviate their poverty . One conclusion Bari suggested to draw from Yunus ' concepts is that the poor are like a `` bonsai tree '' , and they can do big things if they get access to the social business that holds potential to empower them to become self - sufficient .
Athenian democracy
We do not say that a man who takes no interest in politics is a man who minds his own business ; we say that he has no business here at all .
Millennials
Data also suggests millennials are driving a shift towards the public service sector . In 2010 , Myers and Sadaghiani published research in the Journal of Business and Psychology stating heightened participation in the Peace Corps and AmeriCorps as a result of millennials , with volunteering being at all - time highs . Volunteer activity between 2007 and 2008 show the Millennial age group experienced almost three - times the increase of the overall population , which is consistent with a survey of 130 college upperclassmen depicting an emphasis on altruism in their upbringing . This has led , according to a Harvard University Institute of Politics , six out of ten millennials to consider a career in public service .
Idealization and devaluation
Otto Kernberg has provided an extensive discussion of idealization , both in its defensive and adaptive aspects . He conceptualised idealization as involving a denial of unwanted characteristics of an object , then enhancing the object by projecting one 's own libido or omnipotence on it . He proposed a developmental line with one end of the continuum being a normal form of idealization and the other end a pathological form . In the latter , the individual has a problem with object constancy and sees others as all good or all bad , thus bolstering idealization and devaluation . At this stage idealization is associated with borderline pathology . At the other end of the continuum , idealization is said to be a necessary precursor for feelings of mature love .