vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
River Song (Doctor Who)
When the Doctor next encounters River , in `` The Husbands of River Song '' ( 2015 ) , as the Twelfth Doctor ( Peter Capaldi ) , she does not initially recognise him and he is able to learn more about what she is like when he is not around . The Doctor accompanies River ( from her perspective , shortly after `` The Angels Take Manhattan '' ) on a scheme to obtain a rare diamond . He learns that in addition to him , River has had several spouses , both male and female , and is not above ruthless behaviour as she goes about her work . He also discovers that she truly loves him , but that she also genuinely believes that he does not love her back . She feels that the Doctor is above such petty emotions as love , and that he would never willingly jeopardise himself simply to help her . River ultimately discovers that the man she 's been having this adventure with is actually the Doctor , with a new face she does n't have a record of , thinking he only had 12 regenerations and that she 'd already seen his last one . The pair later crash - land on the planet Darillium , where River had told the Doctor in `` Forest of the Dead '' that they would have their last night together . He uses time travel to ensure a perfect date , gifts her the sonic screwdriver that she had in `` Silence in the Library '' , and comforts her by revealing that the nights on Darillium last `` 24 years '' , giving River a happy life spent with the Doctor before her impending death in the Library .
Operation Barbarossa
On 22 June , Army Group North attacked the Soviet Northwestern Front and broke through its 8th and 11th Armies . The Soviets immediately launched a powerful counterattack against the German 4th Panzer Group with the Soviet 3rd and 12th Mechanized Corps , but the Soviet attack was defeated . On 25 June , the 8th and 11th Armies were ordered to withdraw to the Western Dvina River , where it was planned to meetup with the 21st Mechanized Corps and the 22nd and 27th Armies . However , on 26 June , Erich von Manstein 's LVI Panzer Corps reached the river first and secured a bridgehead across it . The Northwestern Front was forced to abandon the river defenses , and on 29 June Stavka ordered the Front to withdraw to the Stalin Line on the approaches to Leningrad . On 2 July , Army Group North began its attack on the Stalin Line with its 4th Panzer Group , and on 8 July captured Pskov , devastating the defenses of the Stalin Line and reaching Leningrad oblast . The 4th Panzer Group had advanced about 450 kilometres ( 280 mi ) since the start of the invasion and was now only about 250 kilometres ( 160 mi ) from its primary objective Leningrad . On 9 July it began its attack towards the Soviet defenses along the Luga River in Leningrad oblast .
Ranma ½
Takahashi purposefully aimed the series to be popular with women and children . In 1993 , an Animerica interviewer talking with Takahashi asked her if she intended the sex - changing theme `` as an effort to enlighten a male - dominated society . '' Takahashi said that she does not think in terms of societal agendas and that she created the Ranma 1⁄2 concept from simply wanting `` a simple , fun idea '' . She added that she , as a woman and while recalling what manga she liked to read as a child , felt that `` humans turning into animals might also be fun and märchenhaft ... you know , like a fairy tale . '' In 2013 , she revealed that at the start of Ranma her editor told her to make it more dramatic , but she felt that was something she could not do . However , she admitted that drama did start to appear at the end . She also sat in on the voice actor auditions for the anime , where she insisted that male and female Ranma be voiced by different actors whose gender corresponded to that of the part .
River Thames
The East End of London , also known simply as the East End , was the area of London east of the medieval walled City of London and north of the River Thames , although it is not defined by universally accepted formal boundaries ; the River Lea can be considered another boundary . Most of the local riverside was also marshland . The land was drained and became farmland ; it was built on after the Industrial Revolution . Use of the term `` East End '' in a pejorative sense began in the late 19th century ,
Tom Bombadil
Tolkien 's 1934 poem `` The Adventures of Tom Bombadil '' depicts Bombadil as a `` merry fellow '' living in a small valley close to the Withywindle river , where he wanders and explores nature at his leisure . Several of the valley 's mysterious residents , including the River - spirit Goldberry ( also known as the `` River - woman 's daughter '' ) , the malevolent tree - spirit Old Man Willow , the Badger - folk and a Barrow - wight , attempt to capture Bombadil for their own ends , but quail at the power of Tom 's voice , which defeats their enchantments and commands them to return to their natural existence . At the end of the poem , Bombadil captures and marries Goldberry . Throughout the poem , Bombadil is unconcerned by the attempts to capture him and brushes them off with the power in his words .
Summer Time in Europe
France follows EU rules regarding the start and end times and dates for summer time .
Summer Time in Europe
Germany follows EU rules regarding the start and end times and dates for summer time .
River Welland
Trade on the lower river was carried in barges and keels . During the early 1800s as trade was increasing , so the river was simultaneously silting up . Around 1800 , vessels carrying 60 tons could reach the port facilities at Spalding ; however , by the 1820s , ships could only be loaded with 40 tons each as the river silting had worsened . Trade records indicate that in 1829 , vessels carried just under 20,000 tons to and from Spalding , and by 1835 this had increased to over 34,000 tons . There was pressure from merchants to cater for larger vessels , and with later improvements , carried out under an act of parliament obtained in 1837 , barges and sloops of up to 120 tons could use the port . Because the river was maintained for drainage , some commercial traffic continued despite the railways , and tolls of £ 478 were collected on 11,690 tons in 1888 . Coal for Spalding gasworks arrived by boat until the early 1900s , and the last regular trade was the carriage of corn , hay and straw from Spalding to Fosdyke , where the cargo was transferred to larger ships . All commercial carrying had ceased by the end of the Second World War . Spalding
River Thames
Jessie Matthews sings `` My river '' in the 1938 film Sailing Along , and the tune is the centrepiece of a major dance number near the end of the film .
Nephron
Cortical nephrons ( the majority of nephrons ) start high in the cortex and have a short loop of Henle which does not penetrate deeply into the medulla . Cortical nephrons can be subdivided into superficial cortical nephrons and midcortical nephrons .
Season
The Bengali Calendar is similar but differs in start and end times . It has the following seasons or ritu :
2018 Formula One World Championship
In the event that a race is suspended due to a red flag , it will be restarted with a standing start . Drivers will return to the starting grid in the positions they held at the time of the suspension and the race director will repeat the race start procedure . If circuit conditions are suitable for racing but the race director deems a standing start inappropriate , the race will resume with a rolling start where the safety car returns to pit lane and drivers proceed around the circuit in single file until they are shown the green flag .
Battle of the Hornburg
Bakshi does not elaborate on different kinds of Orcs through dialogue ( as is true for the whole film ) , though some Orcs are clearly visually different from others . Aragorn and Gimli repel a battering - ram crew by themselves , instead of Aragorn and Éomer leading a sortie against the ram . Directly after this sequence , the `` blasting - fire '' is used to breach the wall . It is turned into magical projectiles resembling comets coming from Isengard ( Aragorn , seeing them , calls out `` Fire of Isengard ! '' ) . While Tolkien does not give detailed descriptions , `` blasting fire '' is clearly different in the book ( as Orcs are said to have `` brought '' it ) . More importantly , Éomer is not present at the start of the battle . Gandalf rides off to find him and his Riders ( and explicitly says so ) , and returns with them at the end .
British Army during World War I
Italy joined the war on the Allies ' side on 5 May 1915 , declaring war on Austria - Hungary on 23 May 1915 and on Germany on 28 August 1916 . The British Army 's involvement in the Italian campaign did not start until late 1917 , when troops were sent to help prevent a defeat on the Italian front . On 24 October 1917 in the battle of Caporetto the Second Italian Army collapsed and the Italians were forced to retreat to the Piave River , where they could be reinforced with five British and six French Divisions from the Western Front , complete with supporting arms and commanded by General Herbert Plumer . The reinforced Italians successfully managed to halt the Austro - Hungarian advance at the battle of the Piave river . During the Allied counter-attack in October 1918 , the Austro - Hungarian Army collapsed after taking heavy losses at the battle of Vittorio Veneto . An armistice was signed shortly afterwards on 3 November 1918 .
Starbucks
On January 27 , 2017 , President Donald Trump signed an executive order to indefinitely suspend the entry of Syrian refugees into the United States and suspended entry into the United States of nearly all citizens of seven countries until proper vetting measures could be implemented . The same day , Starbucks ' Chairman and CEO Howard Schultz wrote a letter to Starbucks ' employees , stating in part , `` There are more than 65 million citizens of the world recognized as refugees by the United Nations , and we are developing plans to hire 10,000 of them over five years in the 75 countries around the world where Starbucks does business . And we will start this effort here in the U.S. by making the initial focus of our hiring efforts on those individuals who have served with U.S. troops as interpreters and support personnel in the various countries where our military has asked for such support . ''
HTML
Tags may also enclose further tag markup between the start and end , including a mixture of tags and text . This indicates further ( nested ) elements , as children of the parent element .
River Thames
Two songs by the Kinks feature the Thames as the setting of the first song 's title and , for the second song , arguably in its mention of ' the river ' : `` Waterloo Sunset '' is about a couple 's meetings on Waterloo Bridge , London and starts : `` Dirty old river , must you keep rolling , flowing into the night ? '' and continues `` Terry meets Julie , Waterloo station '' and `` ... but Terry and Julie cross over the river where they feel safe and sound ... '' . `` See My Friends '' continually refers to the singer 's friends `` playing ' cross the river '' instead of the girl who `` just left '' . Furthermore , Ray Davies as a solo artist refers to the river Thames in his `` London Song '' .
A Series of Unfortunate Events
There is a full page picture at the end of each book , showing a hint or clue about the content of the next book . This may be showing a flyer or piece of paper drifting by , though sometimes by a significant object : a snake appears at the end of The Bad Beginning , referring to Montgomery 's snake collection in the following book . The same picture is used at the start of the succeeding book . This practice continued at the end of The End which shows a boat sailing off into the sunset and at the start of Chapter Fourteen . The picture at the end of Chapter Fourteen includes a shape of a question mark .
History of Fort Worth, Texas
The Treaty of Bird 's Fort between the Republic of Texas and several Indian tribes was signed in 1843 at Bird 's Fort in present - day Euless , Texas . Article XI of the treaty provided that no one may `` pass the line of trading houses '' ( at the border of the Indians ' territory ) without permission of the President of Texas , and may not reside or remain in the Indians ' territory . These `` trading houses '' were later established at the junction of the Clear Fork and West Fort of the Trinity River , where Fort Worth was later built by the US Army . At this river junction , the U.S. War Department established Fort Worth in 1849 as the northernmost of a system of forts for protecting the American Frontier after the end of the Mexican -- American War . The City of Fort Worth continues to be known as `` where the West begins . ''
First Transcontinental Railroad
The Union Pacific Railroad did not start construction for another 18 months until July 1865 . They were delayed by difficulties obtaining financial backing and the unavailability of workers and materials due to the Civil War . Their start point in the new city of Omaha , Nebraska was not yet connected via railroad to Council Bluffs , Iowa . Equipment needed to begin work was initially delivered to Omaha and Council Bluffs by paddle steamers on the Missouri River . The Union Pacific was so slow in beginning construction during 1865 that they sold two of the four steam locomotives they had purchased .
List of The League of Gentlemen characters
In the 2017 specials , Ollie has a dream where he has won an award for the production of one of his shows . In reality , he is a teacher of a year 9 secondary school drama class . The students reveal that Phil and Dave have returned as they and the students want him to perform one of his plays for them , which he does . However , this is also a dream , and he is eventually shown to still be stuck in his dead - end teacher job where he has no respect from any of the students .
Paul Revere
At age 41 , Revere was a prosperous , established and prominent Boston silversmith . He had helped organize an intelligence and alarm system to keep watch on the British military . Revere later served as a Massachusetts militia officer , though his service ended after the Penobscot Expedition , one of the most disastrous campaigns of the American Revolutionary War , for which he was absolved of blame .
Red River War
The Red River War officially ended in June 1875 when Quanah Parker and his band of Quahadi Comanche entered Fort Sill and surrendered ; they were the last large roaming band of southwestern Indians . Combined with the extermination of the buffalo , the war left the Texas Panhandle permanently open to settlement by farmers and ranchers . It was the final military defeat of the once powerful Southern Plains tribes and brought an end to the Texas -- Indian Wars .
Recruitment in the British Army
At the start of the Second World War , the British Army Strength stood at 897,000 men including reserves . By the end of 1939 , the strength of the British Army stood at 1.1 million men , and further increased to 1.65 million men during June 1940 . By the end of the war and the final demobilisations in 1946 , over 3.5 million men had been enlisted in the British Army .
Great Depression in the United States
On the other hand , according to economist Robert Higgs , when looking only at the supply of consumer goods , significant GDP growth only resumed in 1946 . ( Higgs does not estimate the value to consumers of collective goods like victory in war ) To Keynesians , the war economy showed just how large the fiscal stimulus required to end the downturn of the Depression was , and it led , at the time , to fears that as soon as America demobilized , it would return to Depression conditions and industrial output would fall to its pre-war levels . The incorrect prediction by Alvin Hansen and other Keynesians that a new depression would start after the war failed to take account of pent - up consumer demand as a result of the Depression and World War .
New Amsterdam
A pen - and - ink view of New Amsterdam , drawn on - the - spot and discovered in the map collection of the Austrian National Library in Vienna in 1991 , provides a unique view of New Amsterdam as it appeared from Capske ( small Cape ) Rock in 1648 . Capske Rock was situated in the water close to Manhattan between Manhattan and Noten Eylant , and signified the start of the East River roadstead .
Vehicle registration plates of France
The SIV system does not provide special plates for the government , army , police or any other organisation that did have such plates under the previous system . Their vehicles display regular registration plates . The only exception concern temporary plates , which start with WW , and demonstration cars at car dealers , whose plates start with W .
Summer Time in Europe
Since 1981 each directive has specified a transition time of 01 : 00 UTC and a start date of the last Sunday in March , but the end dates have differed . Successive Directives laid down two dates for the end : one on the last Sunday in September applied by the continental Member States , and the other on the fourth Sunday in October for the United Kingdom and Ireland . In 1996 the end date was changed to the fourth Sunday in October for all countries . In 1998 the end date was adjusted to be the last Sunday in October ; this happened to be the same as the previous rule for 1996 and 1997 . The ninth directive , currently in force , has made this permanent .
River Thames
Henley Royal Regatta takes place over five days at the start of July in the upstream town of Henley - on - Thames . Besides its sporting significance the regatta is an important date on the English social calendar alongside events like Royal Ascot and Wimbledon .
Adams–Onís Treaty
East of the Continental Divide , the Spanish Empire claimed all land south of the Arkansas River that was west of the Medina River and all land south of the Red River that was west of the Calcasieu River . The vast disputed region between the territorial claims of the United States and Spain was occupied primarily by native peoples with very few traders of either Spain or the United States . In the south , the disputed region between the Calcasieu River and the Sabine River encompassed Los Adaes , the first capital of Spanish Texas . The region between the Calcasieu and Sabine rivers become a lawless no man 's land . The United States saw great potential in these western lands , and hoped to settle their borders . Spain , seeing the end of New Spain , hoped to employ its territorial claims before it would be forced to grant Mexico its independence ( later in 1821 ) . Spain hoped to regain much of its territory after the regional demands for independence subsided .
Dead Sea
The Dead Sea is an endorheic lake located in the Jordan Rift Valley , a geographic feature formed by the Dead Sea Transform ( DST ) . This left lateral - moving transform fault lies along the tectonic plate boundary between the African Plate and the Arabian Plate . It runs between the East Anatolian Fault zone in Turkey and the northern end of the Red Sea Rift offshore of the southern tip of Sinai . It is here that the Upper Jordan River / Sea of Galilee / Lower Jordan River water system comes to an end .
Fahrenheit 451
Montag leaves the river in the countryside , where he meets the exiled drifters , led by a man named Granger . They have each memorized books should the day come that society comes to an end , then rebuilds itself anew ; this time , with the survivors learning to embrace the literature of the past . While learning the philosophy of the exiles , Montag and the group watch helplessly as bombers fly overhead and annihilate the city with nuclear weapons . While Faber would have left on the early bus , everyone else ( including Mildred ) was immediately killed . Montag and the group are injured and dirtied , but manage to survive the shock wave .
OSI model
The design of protocols in the TCP / IP model of the Internet does not concern itself with strict hierarchical encapsulation and layering . RFC 3439 contains a section entitled `` Layering considered harmful '' . TCP / IP does recognize four broad layers of functionality which are derived from the operating scope of their contained protocols : the scope of the software application ; the end - to - end transport connection ; the internetworking range ; and the scope of the direct links to other nodes on the local network .
Frank Worsley
After he arrived in Russia , Worsley was selected to go to Archangel where he organised equipment and supplies for the British forces stationed there . He provided extensive advice , derived from his polar experience , to soldiers on how to best make use of their resources and trained them in the use of skis . He participated in several patrols and due to a shortage of officers , occasionally took command of platoons of British infantry . In April 1919 , he was posted back to Murmansk , where he took command of the gunboat HMS Cricket . He took her up the Dvinia River and targeted Bolshevik gunboats and villages along the river . He also provided support to British and White Russian units moving along the banks of the river in operations to seize ground lost to the Bolsheviks in the winter months .
River Thames
The Thames through Oxford is sometimes called the Isis . Historically , and especially in Victorian times , gazetteers and cartographers insisted that the entire river was correctly named the Isis from its source down to Dorchester on Thames and that only from this point , where the river meets the Thame and becomes the `` Thame - isis '' ( supposedly subsequently abbreviated to Thames ) should it be so called . Ordnance Survey maps still label the Thames as `` River Thames or Isis '' down to Dorchester . However , since the early 20th century this distinction has been lost in common usage outside of Oxford , and some historians suggest the name Isis is nothing more than a truncation of Tamesis , the Latin name for the Thames .
Ghaggar-Hakra River
Because most of the Indus Valley sites known so far are actually located on the Ghaggar - Hakra river and its tributaries and not on the Indus river , some Indian archaeologists , such as S.P. Gupta , have proposed to use the term `` Indus Sarasvati Civilization '' to refer to the Harappan culture which is named , as is common in archaeology , after the first place where the culture was discovered .
Mali Empire
Mansa Mahmud III 's reign ended around 1559 . There seems to have been either a vacancy or unknown ruler between 1559 and the start of the last mansa 's reign . A vacancy or rule by a court official seems the most likely , since the next ruler takes the name of Mahmud IV . By 1560 , the once powerful empire was not much more than the core of the Manden Kurufaba . The next notable mansa , Mahmud IV , does n't appear in any records until the end of the 16th century . However , he seems to have the distinction of being the last ruler of a unified Manden . His descendants are blamed for the breakup of the Manden Kurufaba into north , central and southern realms .
History of the Islamic Republic of Iran
`` It is the duty of the judiciary to start from higher echelons of power in this challenging but sacred drive . It does not make a difference whether the suspect is a high - ranking official or kith and kin of the officialdom . The legislators assure the people that they will endorse this Jihad of the judiciary alongside the Leader and people . '' Controversies