vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Hurricane Katrina
The storm also brought a dramatic rise in the role of Internet sites -- especially blogging and community journalism . One example was the effort of NOLA.com , the web affiliate of New Orleans ' Times - Picayune . A group of reporters were awarded the Breaking News Pulitzer Prize , and shared the Public Service Pulitzer with the Biloxi - based Sun Herald . The newspaper 's coverage was carried for days only on NOLA 's blogs , as the newspaper lost its presses and evacuated its building as water rose around it on August 30 . The site became an international focal point for news by local media , and also became a vital link for rescue operations and later for reuniting scattered residents , as it accepted and posted thousands of individual pleas for rescue on its blogs and forums . NOLA was monitored constantly by an array of rescue teams -- from individuals to the Coast Guard -- which used information in rescue efforts . Much of this information was relayed from trapped victims via the SMS functions of their cell phones , to friends and relatives outside the area , who then relayed the information back to NOLA.com . The aggregation of community journalism , user photos and the use of the internet site as a collaborative response to the storm attracted international attention , and was called a watershed moment in journalism . In the wake of these online - only efforts , the Pulitzer Committee for the first time opened all its categories to online entries .
Water supply and sanitation in Abu Dhabi
Production of electricity and desalinated water was to be the responsibility of private companies , Transmission of bulk water to Al Ain and Liwa oasis was to be done by a public asset holding company and a private operating company , Distribution was to be in the hands of two public companies , one for Abu Dhabi and Liwa , and the other for Al Ain .
2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami
Radar satellites recorded the heights of tsunami waves in deep water : at two hours after the earthquake , the maximum height was 60 centimetres ( 2 ft ) . These are the first such observations ever made . These observations could not be used to provide a warning , since the satellites were not built for that purpose and the data took hours to analyze .
USS Maine (ACR-1)
Had a mine been the cause of the explosion , a column of water would have been observed . The wind and the waters were calm on that date and hence a mine could not have been detonated by contact , but only by using electricity , but no cables had been found . No dead fish were found in the harbor , as would be expected following an explosion in the water . Munition stores do not usually explode when a ship is sunk by a mine .
Journey to the Center of the Earth
A lightning storm again threatens to destroy the raft and its passengers , but instead throws them onto the coastline . This part of the coast , Axel discovers , is alive with prehistoric plant and animal life forms , including giant insects and a herd of mastodons . On a beach covered with bones , Axel discovers an oversized human skull . Axel and Lidenbrock venture some way into the prehistoric forest , where Professor Lidenbrock points out , in a shaky voice , a prehistoric human , more than twelve feet in height , leaning against a tree and watching a herd of mastodons . Axel can not be sure if he has really seen the man or not , and he and Professor Lidenbrock debate whether or not a proto - human civilization actually exists so far underground . The three wonder if the creature is a man - like ape , or an ape - like man . The sighting of the creature is considered the most alarming part of the story , and the explorers decide that it is better not to alert it to their presence as they fear it may be hostile .
GEICO advertising campaigns
Family : At the dinner table , a mother tells her family that they can `` thank the savings '' . During the freeze - frame , the family dog starts eating from the father 's plate . High Five : Two friends celebrate saving money by performing a jumping high - five . During the freeze - frame , the stunt wires become visible and one of the actors ' feet catches fire . Cleaning Crew : A janitor mishears a businessman saying `` savings '' . He loses control of the vacuum cleaner which runs over the cord and causes the electricity to short out . Elevator : Two businessmen shake hands in an elevator . A woman enters the elevator asking to get off at the second floor , but the men are in a freeze - frame so she must press the button herself .
Eugene Porter
In the episode `` Them '' , Eugene is with the group on their long trek . When ' a friend ' leaves them water and the others do not want to risk it being poison , Eugene tries to drink some but Abraham swats it away . He later helps keep the barn doors closed when walkers attack . In the episode `` The Distance '' , Eugene watches as the group deal with Aaron , then goes out to guard the perimeter . He rides the RV on both legs of the journey to Alexandria , playing cards on the table . In the episode `` Remember '' , Eugene enters Alexandria with the rest of his group . He can be seen residing in the house with everyone during the first few nights of their stay in Alexandria . In the episode `` Spend '' , Glenn , Noah , Tara , Eugene , Aiden , and Nicholas head to a warehouse to scavenge parts to repair Alexandria 's solar power system . Eugene is reluctant to go , but he is needed to identify the parts they need . As the group enters , they encounter a zombified soldier wearing body armor and grenades and Aiden shoots it , causing an explosion . Tara is critically wounded , and walkers enter the warehouse . Eugene carries Tara out of the warehouse . Eugene arrives in the van and lures the walkers on the outside away . Nicholas goes to the van and tells Eugene they must leave immediately . When Eugene refuses , Nicholas pulls him out of the van and tries to leave without him . Glenn arrives and knocks Nicholas out . In the season finale `` Conquer '' , Abraham visits Tara and talks with Eugene . Eugene credits Abraham for getting them to Alexandria , and apologizes for lying to him about Washington , D.C. ; Abraham also apologizes for nearly beating Eugene to death . Season
Eric Northman
In Season 4 , we see the relationship of Sookie and Eric develop after he loses his memory to the witch coven ; first , Sookie shelters him in her house from Bill ( though the house is technically Eric 's ) . Endeared by the new Eric 's innocence and his regret over his previous crimes as a vampire , Sookie eventually enters a sexual relationship with him , though in the Season 4 finale , Sookie is choosing between Eric and Bill , and chooses neither . Sources have said of Season 5 that Sookie 's `` independent streak '' will continue ( as Alan Ball , executive producer ) claimed in an interview concerning the upcoming season . By the end of the season , Eric has regained his memories , though he retains his memory and part of the gentler personality he had when he was with Sookie .
Waste minimisation
Most proponents of waste minimisation consider that the way forward may be to view any manufactured product at the end of its useful life as a resource for recycling and reuse rather than waste . Recycling a product is easier if it is constructed of fewer materials . Car manufacturers have recently reduced the number of plastics used in their cars from twenty or more to three or four , hence simplifying the recovery of plastics from scrapped cars . However , exceptions ( like having a combination of paper and plastic or plastic coating on glass ) do exist , and might enable a product to fulfill its role with the minimum of resources .
Gun laws in Texas
Texas has no laws regarding possession of any firearm regardless of age , without felony convictions ; all existing restrictions in State law mirror Federal law . A person of any age , except certain Felons , can possess a firearm such as at a firing range . Texas and Federal law only regulate the ownership of all firearms to 18 years of age or older , and regulate the transfer of handguns to 21 years or older by FFL dealers . However , a private citizen may sell , gift , lease etc. a handgun to anyone over 18 who is not Felon . NFA weapons are also only subject to Federal restrictions ; no State regulations exist . Municipal and county ordinances on possession and carry are generally overridden ( preempted ) due to the wording of the Texas Constitution , which gives the Texas Legislature ( and it alone ) the power to `` regulate the wearing of arms , with a view to prevent crime '' . Penal Code Section 1.08 also prohibits local jurisdictions from enacting or enforcing any law that conflicts with State statute . Local ordinances restricting discharge of a firearm are generally allowed as State law has little or no specification thereof , but such restrictions do not preempt State law concerning justification of use of force and deadly force .
Recycling
Comparing the market cost of recyclable material with the cost of new raw materials ignores economic externalities -- the costs that are currently not counted by the market . Creating a new piece of plastic , for instance , may cause more pollution and be less sustainable than recycling a similar piece of plastic , but these factors will not be counted in market cost . A life cycle assessment can be used to determine the levels of externalities and decide whether the recycling may be worthwhile despite unfavorable market costs . Alternatively , legal means ( such as a carbon tax ) can be used to bring externalities into the market , so that the market cost of the material becomes close to the true cost .
Recycling
The amount of money actually saved through recycling depends on the efficiency of the recycling program used to do it . The Institute for Local Self - Reliance argues that the cost of recycling depends on various factors , such as landfill fees and the amount of disposal that the community recycles . It states that communities begin to save money when they treat recycling as a replacement for their traditional waste system rather than an add - on to it and by `` redesigning their collection schedules and / or trucks . ''
Electric bicycle laws
As of 18 September 2012 , the Victorian road rules have changed to enable a pedelec to be used as a bicycle in Victoria . The change will allow more options of power assisted pedal cycles under bicycle laws .
Recycling
For some waste materials such as plastic , recent technical devices called recyclebots enable a form of distributed recycling . Preliminary life - cycle analysis ( LCA ) indicates that such distributed recycling of HDPE to make filament of 3 - D printers in rural regions is energetically favorable to either using virgin resin or conventional recycling processes because of reductions in transportation energy .
Recycling
Economist Steven Landsburg has suggested that the sole benefit of reducing landfill space is trumped by the energy needed and resulting pollution from the recycling process . Others , however , have calculated through life - cycle assessment that producing recycled paper uses less energy and water than harvesting , pulping , processing , and transporting virgin trees . When less recycled paper is used , additional energy is needed to create and maintain farmed forests until these forests are as self - sustainable as virgin forests .
Recycling
In some countries , recycling is performed by the entrepreneurial poor such as the karung guni , zabbaleen , the rag - and - bone man , waste picker , and junk man . With the creation of large recycling organizations that may be profitable , either by law or economies of scale , the poor are more likely to be driven out of the recycling and the remanufacturing market . To compensate for this loss of income , a society may need to create additional forms of societal programs to help support the poor . Like the parable of the broken window , there is a net loss to the poor and possibly the whole of a society to make recycling artificially profitable e.g. through the law . However , in Brazil and Argentina , waste pickers / informal recyclers work alongside the authorities , in fully or semi-funded cooperatives , allowing informal recycling to be legitimized as a paid public sector job .
Naming in the United States
Despite the freedom that Americans have regarding names , controversies do exist . In 2013 , Tennessee judge Lu Ann Ballew ruled that a baby boy named Messiah must change his name to Martin stating `` it 's a title that has only been earned by one person ... Jesus Christ . '' The decision was overturned in chancery court a month later and the child retained his birth name . Ballew was fired and a disciplinary hearing was scheduled on the basis that the name change order violated Tennessee 's code of Judicial Conduct . No laws exist banning the use of religious names and judges are required to perform their duties without regard to religious bias .
Recycling
Although consumer electronics such as the television have been popular since the 1920s , recycling of them was almost unheard of until early 1991 . The first electronic waste recycling scheme was implemented in Switzerland , beginning with collection of old refrigerators but gradually expanding to cover all devices . After these schemes were set up , many countries did not have the capacity to deal with the sheer quantity of e-waste they generated or its hazardous nature . They began to export the problem to developing countries without enforced environmental legislation . This is cheaper , as recycling computer monitors in the United States costs 10 times more than in China . Demand in Asia for electronic waste began to grow when scrap yards found that they could extract valuable substances such as copper , silver , iron , silicon , nickel , and gold , during the recycling process . The 2000s saw a large increase in both the sale of electronic devices and their growth as a waste stream : in 2002 , e-waste grew faster than any other type of waste in the EU . This caused investment in modern , automated facilities to cope with the influx of redundant appliances , especially after strict laws were implemented in 2003 .
List of alcohol laws of the United States
In land or property that is being rented or owned by the federal government , state , territory , and federal district alcohol laws do not apply . Instead , only laws made by the federal government apply .
Copper in architecture
Recyclability is a key factor of a sustainable material . It reduces the need to mine new resources and requires less energy than mining . Copper and its alloys are virtually 100 % recyclable and can be recycled infinitely without any loss of quality ( i.e. , copper does not degrade ( i.e. , downcycle ) after each recycling loop as do most non-metallic materials , if they are recyclable at all ) . Copper retains much of its primary metal value : premium - grade scrap normally contains at least 95 % of the value of primary metal from newly mined ore . Scrap values for competing materials range from about 60 % down to 0 % . And copper recycling requires only around 20 % of the energy needed to extract and process primary metal .
Flint water crisis
A new federal lawsuit filed on January 27 , 2016 , seeks the replacement of all lead service lines in Flint at no cost to residents following claims city and state leaders violated federal laws designed to protect drinking water . It is also asking the court to force city and state officials to provide safe drinking water to Flint residents and require them to follow federal regulations for testing and treating water to control for lead .
Health care in the United States
State governments maintain state health departments , and local governments ( counties and municipalities ) often have their own health departments , usually branches of the state health department . Regulations of a state board may have executive and police strength to enforce state health laws . In some states , all members of state boards must be health care professionals . Members of state boards may be assigned by the governor or elected by the state committee . Members of local boards may be elected by the mayor council . The McCarran -- Ferguson Act , which cedes regulation to the states , does not itself regulate insurance , nor does it mandate that states regulate insurance . `` Acts of Congress '' that do not expressly purport to regulate the `` business of insurance '' will not preempt state laws or regulations that regulate the `` business of insurance . '' The Act also provides that federal anti-trust laws will not apply to the `` business of insurance '' as long as the state regulates in that area , but federal anti-trust laws will apply in cases of boycott , coercion , and intimidation . By contrast , most other federal laws will not apply to insurance whether the states regulate in that area or not .
Electric bicycle laws
A response to an inquiry made to the Mass DOT / RMV indicates that Massachusetts does recognize the federal low speed electric bicycle Federal Law ( 15 U.S.C. § 2085 ) and interprets that to mean these ebikes do not require license or registration . However , some of the materials available on the RMV website do not distinguish between `` Motorized Bicycle '' and low power ebikes . One form , Bicycle Conversion to Motorized Bike , does document the exemption of low power ebikes . Michigan
Doctor of Physical Therapy
`` To provide accurate information to consumers , the American Physical Therapy Association has taken a proactive approach and provides clear guidelines for physical therapists regarding the use of the title `` Doctor . '' These guidelines state that physical therapists , in all clinical settings , who hold a Doctor of Physical Therapy degree ( DPT ) shall indicate they are physical therapists when using the title `` Doctor '' or `` Dr , '' and shall use the titles in accord with jurisdictional law . ''
Parliamentary sovereignty
In this context , parliamentary supremacy has two meanings : one is that parliament ( the legislature ) can make and unmake any law ; another meaning is that as long as parliament ( legislature ) has the power to make laws regarding a subject matter , the exercise of that power can not be challenged or reviewed by judiciary . The second meaning is more consistent with the federal system and the practice of judicial review , as judiciary can not review on the merits of the parliament ( legislature ) 's exercise of power .
Supremacy Clause
The Supremacy Clause of the United States Constitution ( Article VI , Clause 2 ) establishes that the Constitution , federal laws made pursuant to it , and treaties made under its authority , constitute the supreme law of the land . It provides that state courts are bound by the supreme law ; in case of conflict between federal and state law , the federal law must be applied . Even state constitutions are subordinate to federal law . In essence , it is a conflict - of - laws rule specifying that certain federal acts take priority over any state acts that conflict with federal law . In this respect , the Supremacy Clause follows the lead of Article XIII of the Articles of Confederation , which provided that `` Every State shall abide by the determination of the United States in Congress Assembled , on all questions which by this confederation are submitted to them . '' A constitutional provision announcing the supremacy of federal law , the Supremacy Clause assumes the underlying priority of federal authority , at least when that authority is expressed in the Constitution itself . No matter what the federal government or the states might wish to do , they have to stay within the boundaries of the Constitution . This makes the Supremacy Clause the cornerstone of the whole American political structure .
Bachelor's degree
The Bachelor of Tourism Studies ( B.T.S. ) degree is awarded to those who complete the four - or five - year course of study in tourism , laws regarding tourism , planning and development , marketing , economics , sociology , anthropology , arts and world history ( dependent on the country in which one takes the course ) , ticketing , hospitality , computer applications , and much more . The course would have an interdisciplinary approach with a vast range of units so the tourismologist professional would be able to identify necessary actions toward a sustainable touristic environment focus on local community uniqueness , values and traditions . As tourism is a growing industry , in India there is a lot of opportunity for those who complete this course of study . It is available in select universities of India .
Recycling
Because the social support of a country is likely to be less than the loss of income to the poor undertaking recycling , there is a greater chance the poor will come in conflict with the large recycling organizations . This means fewer people can decide if certain waste is more economically reusable in its current form rather than being reprocessed . Contrasted to the recycling poor , the efficiency of their recycling may actually be higher for some materials because individuals have greater control over what is considered `` waste . ''
Water tank
By design a water tank or container should do no harm to the water . Water is susceptible to a number of ambient negative influences , including bacteria , viruses , algae , changes in pH , and accumulation of minerals , accumulated gas . The contamination can come from a variety of origins including piping , tank construction materials , animal and bird feces , mineral and gas intrusion . A correctly designed water tank works to address and mitigate these negative effects .
False Claims Act
There is case law where claims may be prejudiced if disclosure of the alleged unlawful act has been reported in the press , if complaints were filed to an agency instead of filing a lawsuit , or if the person filing a claim under the act is not the first person to do so . Individual states in the U.S. have different laws regarding whistleblowing involving state governments .
Florida Keys
In 1935 , new bridges were under construction to connect a highway through the entire Keys . Hundreds of World War I veterans working on the roadway as part of a government relief program were housed in non-reinforced buildings in three construction camps in the Upper Keys . When the evacuation train failed to reach the camps before the storm , more than 200 veterans perished . Their deaths caused anger and charges of mismanagement that led to a Congressional investigation .
Recycling
Recycling of plastics is more difficult , as most programs are not able to reach the necessary level of quality . Recycling of PVC often results in downcycling of the material , which means only products of lower quality standard can be made with the recycled material . A new approach which allows an equal level of quality is the Vinyloop process . It was used after the London Olympics 2012 to fulfill the PVC Policy .
Recycling
The Energy Information Administration ( EIA ) states on its website that `` a paper mill uses 40 percent less energy to make paper from recycled paper than it does to make paper from fresh lumber . '' Some critics argue that it takes more energy to produce recycled products than it does to dispose of them in traditional landfill methods , since the curbside collection of recyclables often requires a second waste truck . However , recycling proponents point out that a second timber or logging truck is eliminated when paper is collected for recycling , so the net energy consumption is the same . An Emergy life - cycle analysis on recycling revealed that fly ash , aluminum , recycled concrete aggregate , recycled plastic , and steel yield higher efficiency ratios , whereas the recycling of lumber generates the lowest recycle benefit ratio . Hence , the specific nature of the recycling process , the methods used to analyse the process , and the products involved affect the energy savings budgets .