vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
River Song (Doctor Who)
An article published in Metro , entitled `` Doctor Who fans love River Song ... '' , noted how praise from fans on Twitter after the airing of `` Day of the Moon '' focused heavily on Song . In 2011 , Laura Pledger of Radio Times listed Kingston as the fourth best Doctor Who guest star , writing , `` For my money we 've seen rather too much of River in the last two series , but there 's no denying Kingston has created a memorable character in Melody Pond . '' Keith Phipps for The A.V. Club compared the Doctor and River 's romantic storyline to The Curious Case of Benjamin Button , based on the F. Scott Fitzgerald short story , `` if a bit more elegantly , for my money -- it echoes the plight of anyone who 's watched a loved one fade into the shadowlands of dementia . This is not a story that ends well for River and she knows it , whatever flirtatious high spirits being around The Doctor stirs in her . '' Emily Nussbaum of The New Yorker felt the character to be the Doctor 's `` soul mate '' and described Alex Kingston as `` badass '' .
Industrial Revolution
In 1700 , 5 / 6 of coal mined worldwide was in Britain , while the Netherlands had none ; so despite having Europe 's best transport , most urbanised , well paid , literate people and lowest taxes , it failed to industrialise . In the 18th century , it was the only European country whose cities and population shrank . Without coal , Britain would have run out of suitable river sites for mills by the 1830s .
River Song (Doctor Who)
River 's characterisation has invited parallels with that of Jack Harkness ( John Barrowman ) , a companion of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors introduced by Steven Moffat in 2005 . According to Moffat in the Doctor Who Confidential episode accompanying `` Forest of the Dead '' , River 's blaster gun is the one previously owned by Jack in the 2005 series of Doctor Who . Upon River 's return in series five , Lyle Masaki of AfterElton felt that viewers had the chance to see the character `` do her best to channel Captain Jack '' by capturing the same `` ' charming rogue ' vibe '' . In May 2012 Moffat stated that River , like Jack , is bisexual . Heather Hogan , a senior editor of AfterEllen felt that Moffat 's ability to create `` fascinating , complicated characters like ... River Song '' is a direct consequence of him abiding by `` Captain Jack 's label - eschewing motto '' : `` You people and your quaint little categories '' . James Cornish of WhatCulture subsequently cited River 's characterisation in a rebuke against claims of misogyny and homophobia in Moffat 's writing . He described her as `` a more sexual , trigger happy version of the Doctor '' and `` the strongest female character seen on Doctor Who for a quite a while '' .
Waikato River
Arsenic is also a major problem and the concentration reaches 0.035 grams of arsenic per cubic metre in places , greatly exceeding the WHO provisional guideline of 0.01 grams of arsenic per cubic metre . The majority of arsenic in the Waikato River comes from the Wairakei Geothermal Power Station . The amount of arsenic gradually declines as the river flows northwards and is at its lowest at the Waikato River Heads .
Mississippi River
The song `` When the Levee Breaks '' , made famous in the version performed by Led Zeppelin on the album Led Zeppelin IV , was composed by Memphis Minnie McCoy in 1929 after the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 . Another song about the flood was `` Louisiana 1927 '' by Randy Newman for the album Good Old Boys . Ferde Grofé composed a set of movements for symphony orchestra entitled `` Mississippi Suite '' , based on the lands the river travels through . The stage and movie musical Show Boat 's central musical piece is the spiritual - influenced ballad `` Ol ' Man River '' . Its composer , Jerome Kern , also composed an orchestral piece entitled `` Mark Twain Suite '' . The musical Big River is based on the travels of Huckleberry Finn down the river . The Johnny Cash song `` Big River '' is about the Mississippi River , and about drifting the length of the river to pursue a relationship that fails . The places mentioned in the song are Saint Paul , Davenport , St. Louis , Memphis , Baton Rouge and New Orleans . `` Louisiana 1927 '' is a 1974 song written and recorded by Randy Newman on the album Good Old Boys . It tells the story of the Great Mississippi River Flood of 1927 which left 700,000 people homeless in Louisiana and Mississippi . Illinois - born singer Lissie has a song called Oh Mississippi dedicated to the river . `` Roll On Mississippi '' and `` Mississippi Cotton Picking Delta Town '' are two classics from Charley Pride that refer to the Mississippi River . The late Conway Twitty and Loretta Lynn collaborated on the song `` Louisiana Woman , Mississippi Man '' . Paul Simon mentions the river and the Mississippi Delta in his song `` Graceland '' .
Jordan River
In the 19th century the River Jordan and the Dead Sea were explored by boat primarily by Christopher Costigan in 1835 , Thomas Howard Molyneux in 1847 , William Francis Lynch in 1848 , and John MacGregor in 1869 . The full text of W.F. Lynch 's 1849 book Narrative of the United States ' Expedition to the River Jordan and the Dead Sea is available online . Colored
River Thames
In the Middle Ages the Crown exercised general jurisdiction over the Thames , one of the four royal rivers , and appointed water bailiffs to oversee the river upstream of Staines . The City of London exercised jurisdiction over the tidal Thames . However , navigation was increasingly impeded by weirs and mills , and in the 14th century the river probably ceased to be navigable for heavy traffic between Henley and Oxford . In the late 16th century the river seems to have been reopened for navigation from Henley to Burcot .
Democratic Republic of the Congo
In the Democratic Republic of the Congo , there are both coal and crude oil resources that were mainly used domestically in 2008 . The Democratic Republic of Congo has infrastructure for hydro - electricity from the Congo River at the Inga dams . The Democratic Republic of Congo also possesses 50 % of Africa 's forests and a river system that could provide hydro - electric power to the entire continent , according to a UN report on the country 's strategic significance and its potential role as an economic power in central Africa .
History of Arkansas
Robert La Salle entered Arkansas in 1681 as part of his quest to find the mouth of the Mississippi River , and thus claim the entire river for New France . La Salle and his partner , Henri de Tonti , succeeded in this venture , claiming the river in April 1682 . La Salle would return to France while dispatching de Tonti to wait for him and hold Fort St. Louis . On the king 's orders , La Salle returned to colonize the Gulf of Mexico for the French , but ran aground in Matagorda Bay . La Salle led three expeditions on foot searching for the Mississippi River , but his third party mutinied near Navasota , Texas in 1687 . de Tonti learned of La Salle 's Texas expeditions and traveled south in an effort to locate him along the Mississippi River . Along this journey south , de Tonti founded Arkansas Post as a waypoint for his searches in 1686 . La Salle 's party , now led by his brother , stumbled upon the Post and were greeted kindly by Quapaw with fond memories of La Salle . The troupe thought it best to lie and say La Salle remained at his new coastal colony .
Pecatonica River
The Pecatonica River is a tributary of the Rock River , 194 miles ( 312 km ) long , in southern Wisconsin and northern Illinois in the United States .
Mississippi River
William Faulkner uses the Mississippi River and Delta as the setting for many hunts throughout his novels . It has been proposed that in Faulkner 's famous story , The Bear , young Ike first begins his transformation into a man , thus relinquishing his birthright to land in Yoknapatawpha County through his realizations found within the woods surrounding the Mississippi River . Many of the works of Mark Twain deal with or take place near the Mississippi River . One of his first major works , Life on the Mississippi , is in part a history of the river , in part a memoir of Twain 's experiences on the river , and a collection of tales that either take place on or are associated with the river . The river was noted for the number of bandits which called its islands and shores home , including John Murrell who was a well - known murderer , horse stealer and slave `` re-trader '' . His notoriety was such that author Twain devoted an entire chapter to him in Life on the Mississippi , and Murrell was rumored to have an island headquarters on the river at Island 37 . Twain 's most famous work , Adventures of Huckleberry Finn , is largely a journey down the river . The novel works as an episodic meditation on American culture with the river having multiple different meanings including independence , escape , freedom , and adventure . Herman Melville 's novel The Confidence - Man portrayed a Canterbury Tales - style group of steamboat passengers whose interlocking stories are told as they travel down the Mississippi River . The novel is written both as cultural satire and a metaphysical treatise . Like Huckleberry Finn , it uses the Mississippi River as a metaphor for the larger aspects of American and human identity that unify the otherwise disparate characters . The river 's fluidity is reflected by the often shifting personalities and identities of Melville 's `` confidence man '' . Much of Edna Ferber 's 1926 novel Show Boat takes place on the Mississippi River . The novel is the basis for the celebrated 1927 musical play by Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II .
Ghaggar-Hakra River
Most of the Mature Harappan sites are located in the middle Ghaggar - Hakra river valley , and some on the Indus and in Kutch - Saurashtra . However , just as in other contemporary cultures , such as the BMAC , settlements move up - river due to climate changes around 2000 BCE . In the late Harappan period the number of late Harappan sites in the middle Ghaggar - Hakra channel and in the Indus valley diminishes , while it expands in the upper Ghaggar - Sutlej channels and in Saurashtra . The abandonment of many sites on the Ghaggar - Hakra between the Harappan and the Late Harappan phase was probably due to the drying up of the Ghaggar - Hakra river .
Colonial history of the United States
In 1763 , Louisiana was ceded to Spain around New Orleans and west of the Mississippi River . In the 1780s , the western border of the newly independent United States stretched to the Mississippi River . The United States reached an agreement with Spain for navigation rights on the river and was content to let the `` feeble '' colonial power stay in control of the area . The situation changed when Napoleon forced Spain to return Louisiana to France in 1802 and threatened to close the river to American vessels . Alarmed , the United States offered to buy New Orleans .
River Mersey
The river empties into Liverpool Bay on the Irish Sea , after a total course of 68 miles ( 109 km ) . From 4 metres ( 13.1 ft ) neap tide to 10 metres ( 32.8 ft ) spring tide , the River Mersey has the second highest tidal range in Britain -- second only to the River Severn . The narrows in the river estuary between Dingle Point on the Liverpool banks to New Brighton on the Wirral , forces water to flow faster creating a deep channel along the section of river .
River Thames
In the past , commercial activities on the Thames included fishing ( particularly eel trapping ) , coppicing willows and osiers which provided wood , and the operation of watermills for flour and paper production and metal beating . These activities have disappeared . A screw turbine hydro - electric plant at Romney Lock to power Windsor Castle using two Archimedes ' screws was opened in 2013 by the Queen .
Godavari River
In 2013 , the river was at its all - time low in the Nizamabad district of Telangana . This had hit the growth of fish , making the life of fishermen miserable. The water - level was so low that people could easily walk into the middle of the river . Shortage in rainfall and closure of the controversial Babli project gates in Maharashtra was thought to have affected the water flow in the river and water availability to the Sriram Sagar Project except during above 20 % excess monsoon ( i.e. one out of four years ) years .
River Welland
In 2015 a common grey seal found its way from the Wash up the river and spent a few weeks sleeping in gardens next to the river in Deeping St James . The seal was spotted further downstream in Spalding as it eventually made its way back to the sea .
Ghaggar-Hakra River
Another reference to the Sarasvati is in the geographical enumeration of the rivers in the late Rigvedic Nadistuti sukta ( 10.75. 5 , this verse enumerates all important rivers from the Ganges in the east up to the Indus in the west in a strict geographical order ) , as `` Ganges , Yamuna , Sarasvati , Shutudri '' , the Sarasvati is placed between the Yamuna and the Sutlej , consistent with the Ghaggar identification . It is clear , therefore , that even if the river had unmistakably lost much of her former prominence , the Sarasvati remained characterized as a river goddess almost throughout the Rigveda .
River Thames
The choral line `` ( I ) ( liaised ) live by the river '' in the song `` London Calling '' by the Clash refers to the River Thames .
River Thames
For merchant seamen , the Thames has long been just the `` London River '' . Londoners often refer to it simply as `` the river '' in expressions such as `` south of the river '' .
Narmada River
Below Handia and Nemawar to Hiran fall ( the deer 's leap ) , the river is approached by hills from both sides . In this stretch the character of the river is varied . The Omkareshwar island , sacred to the Lord Shiva , is the most important river island in Madhya Pradesh . At first , the descent is rapid and the stream , quickening in pace , rushes over a barrier of rocks . The Sikta and the Kaveri join it below the Khandwa plain . At two points , at Mandhar , about 40 km ( 24.9 mi ) below Nemawar , and Dadrai , 40 km ( 24.9 mi ) further down near Punasa , the river falls over a height of about 12 m ( 39.4 ft ) . Narmada
Ghaggar-Hakra River
Between 2500 BCE and 1900 BCE , some tectonic disturbances caused tilt in topography of Northwest India resulting in the migration of rivers . The Sutlej moved westward and became a tributary of the Indus River while the Yamuna moved eastward and became a tributary of the Ganges . The water loss due to these movements caused the river to dry up in the Thar Desert , without reaching the sea . Later Vedic texts record the river as disappearing at Vinasana ( literally , `` the disappearing '' ) or Upamajjana , and in post-Vedic texts as joining both the Yamuna and Ganges as an invisible river at Prayaga ( Allahabad ) . Some claim that the sanctity of the modern Ganges is directly related to its assumption of the holy , life - giving waters of the ancient Saraswati . The identification is also justified by post-Vedic literature like Mahabharata . According to Adi Parvan of the Mahabharata ( 1.90. 25 - 26 ) , it is mentioned that `` Many kings performed yajña ( sacrifice ) in Fire altars at the bank of Sarasvati river , which is connected with the alleged Harappan fire altars at Kalibangan , a town located on the left or southern banks of the Ghaggar River . They are even assumed by some to be Vedic and that the structures may perhaps have been used for ritual purposes .
Indus River
The people living along the Indus river speak Punjabi and Sindhi on the eastern side ( in Punjab and Sindh provinces respectively ) , Pushto plus Balochi as well as Barohi ( in Khyber Pakhtoonkha and Baluchistan provinces ) . In the province of Sindh , the upper third of the river is inhabited by people speaking Saraiki ; which is a somewhat transitional dialect of the Punjabi and Sindhi languages .
Seine
The average depth of the Seine today at Paris is about 9.5 metres ( 31 ft ) . Until locks were installed to raise the level in the 1800s , the river was much shallower within the city most of the time , and consisted of a small channel of continuous flow bordered by sandy banks ( depicted in many illustrations of the period ) . Today the depth is tightly controlled and the entire width of the river between the built - up banks on either side is normally filled with water . The average flow of the river is very low , only a few cubic metres per second , but much higher flows are possible during periods of heavy runoff . Special reservoirs upstream help to maintain a constant level for the river through the city , but during periods of extreme runoff significant increases in river level may occur .
Skillet (band)
Skillet headlined two separate Rock the River tours , run by the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association , and hosted by Franklin Graham . Those tours were Rock the River : Midwest in the summer of 2009 and Rock the River : West in the summer of 2010 .
Amazon River
Paralleling the Amazon River is a large aquifer , dubbed the Hamza River , the discovery of which was made public in August 2011 .
Delaware River
In 1984 , the U.S. Department of the Treasury authorized the creation of a wine region or `` American Viticultural Area '' called the Central Delaware Valley AVA located in southeastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey . The wine appellation includes 96,000 acres ( 38,850 ha ) surrounding the Delaware River north of Philadelphia and Trenton , New Jersey . In Pennsylvania , it consists of the territory along the Delaware River in Bucks County ; in New Jersey , the AVA spans along the river in Hunterdon County and Mercer County from Titusville , New Jersey , just north of Trenton , northward to Musconetcong Mountain . As of 2013 , there are no New Jersey wineries in the Central Delaware Valley AVA .
Osage Nation
Lewis and Clark reported in 1804 that the peoples were the Great Osage on the Osage River , the Little Osage upstream , and the Arkansas band on the Verdigris River , a tributary of the Arkansas River . The Osage then numbered some 5,500 .
River Song (Doctor Who)
River Song is a fictional character created by Steven Moffat and played by Alex Kingston in the British science - fiction series Doctor Who . River Song was introduced to the series as an experienced future companion of series protagonist the Doctor , an alien Time Lord who travels through time in his TARDIS . Because River Song is a time traveller herself , her adventures with the Doctor occur out of synchronisation ; their first meeting ( from the audience 's perspective ) is his first and apparently her last . In later appearances , River is a companion , romantic interest and eventual wife of the Doctor in his eleventh incarnation portrayed by Matt Smith . River Song was created by Doctor Who writer Steven Moffat for the show 's fourth series in 2008 , under the tenure of executive producer Russell T Davies . When Moffat took over Davies ' duties as executive producer , he began expanding on the character 's background , depicting adventures earlier in River 's timeline , upgrading Alex Kingston from a guest star to a recurring actor in the series . Other actresses have subsequently portrayed younger versions of the character .
South Africa
In the south - west corner of the country the Cape Peninsula forms the southernmost tip of the coastal strip which borders the Atlantic Ocean , and ultimately terminates at the country 's border with Namibia at the Orange River . The Cape Peninsula has a Mediterranean climate , making it and its immediate surrounds the only portion of Africa south of the Sahara which receives most of its rainfall in winter . The greater Cape Town metropolitan area is situated on the Cape Peninsula and is home to 3.7 million people according to the 2011 population census . It is the country 's legislative capital . Spring
Ghaggar-Hakra River
Puri and Verma ( 1998 ) have argued that the present - day Tons River was the ancient upper - part of the Sarasvati River , which would then had been fed with Himalayan glaciers . The terrain of this river contains pebbles of quartzite and metamorphic rocks , while the lower terraces in these valleys do not contain such rocks . However , recent studies show that Bronze Age sediments from the glaciers of the Himalayas are missing along the Ghaggar - Hakra , indicating that the river did not or no longer have its sources in the high mountains .
River Mersey
East of Warrington , the M6 motorway crosses the river and the Manchester Ship Canal on the Thelwall Viaduct . When the viaduct opened in 1963 , it was the longest motorway bridge in England . A second viaduct alongside opened in 1995 ; northbound traffic uses the old viaduct and southbound the new .
Republic of Ireland
The western landscape mostly consists of rugged cliffs , hills and mountains . The central lowlands are extensively covered with glacial deposits of clay and sand , as well as significant areas of bogland and several lakes . The highest point is Carrauntoohil ( 1,038 m or 3,406 ft ) , located in the Macgillycuddy 's Reeks mountain range in the southwest . River Shannon , which traverses the central lowlands , is the longest river in Ireland at 386 kilometres or 240 miles in length . The west coast is more rugged than the east , with numerous islands , peninsulas , headlands and bays . Macgillycuddy
Seine
There are 37 bridges within Paris and dozens more spanning the river outside the city . Examples in Paris include the Pont Alexandre III and Pont Neuf , the latter of which dates back to 1607 . Outside the city , examples include the Pont de Normandie , one of the longest cable - stayed bridges in the world , which links Le Havre to Honfleur .
Hersheypark
The newest themed area of the park , the Boardwalk waterpark was officially opened in 2007 and featured five new waterpark attractions along with three already standing rides : Roller Soaker , Tidal Force , and Canyon River Rapids . Canyon River Rapids and Tidal Force were rezoned from Pioneer Frontier to the Boardwalk . In 2009 , the Boardwalk received an expansion known as the Seaquel which replaced Canyon River Rapids with Intercoastal Waterway ( a lazy river ) , the Shore ( a wave pool ) and cabanas . Roller Soaker was removed for the 2013 season , however the station was left up . That same year , the area was renovated and taken up by a kiddie spray ground and some tables . For the 2018 season , Hersheypark announced that 2 new water attractions would be in this area : Breaker 's Edge ; a hydro - magnetic coaster slide that also counts as the park 's 14th coaster , and Whitecap Racer ; the longest mat racer slide in the world which features 2 sets of twisting enclosed tubes . Breaker 's Edge uses the station that was formerly used by Roller Soaker .
Where the Red Fern Grows
When leaving work in Idaho 's Snake River Valley , Billy Colman sees a pack of dogs attacking a stray coonhound . He chases the pack away and takes the stray home to feed it . Once it has rested , Billy sets it free , knowing that it will return home .
Columbus, Georgia
Columbus lies 100 miles ( 160 km ) southwest of Atlanta . Fort Benning , the United States Army 's Maneuver Center of Excellence and a major employer , is located south of the city in Chattahoochee County . Columbus is home to museums and tourism sites , including the National Infantry Museum , dedicated to the United States Army 's Infantry Branch . It has the longest urban whitewater rafting course in the world constructed on the Chattahoochee River .
History of Vietnam
For the most part of its history , the geographical boundary of present - day Vietnam covered 3 ethnically distinct states : a Vietnamese state , a Cham state , and a part of the Khmer Empire . The Vietnamese nation originated in the Red River Delta in present - day Northern Vietnam and expanded over its history to the current boundary . It went through a lot of name changes , with Văn Lang being used the longest . Below is a summary of names :
Quito
Petroecuador , the largest company in the country and one of the largest in Latin America is headquartered in Quito .