vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Battle of Hampton Roads
The Confederate chain of command was anomalous . Lieutenant Catesby ap Roger Jones had directed much of the conversion of Merrimack to Virginia , and he was disappointed when he was not named her captain . Jones was retained aboard Virginia , but only as her executive officer . Ordinarily , the ship would have been led by a captain of the Confederate States Navy , to be determined by the rigid seniority system that was in place . Secretary Mallory wanted the aggressive Franklin Buchanan , but at least two other captains had greater seniority and had applied for the post . Mallory evaded the issue by appointing Buchanan , head of the Office of Orders and Detail , flag officer in charge of the defenses of Norfolk and the James River . As such , he could control the movements of Virginia . Technically , therefore , the ship went into the battle without a captain .
Physics of magnetic resonance imaging
The magnet is the largest and most expensive component of the scanner , and the remainder of the scanner is built around it . The strength of the magnet is measured in teslas ( T ) . Clinical magnets generally have a field strength in the range 0.1 -- 3.0 T , with research systems available up to 9.4 T for human use and 21 T for animal systems . In the United States , field strengths up to 4 T have been approved by the FDA for clinical use .
Dutch East India Company
The 1741 Battle of Colachel by Nair warriors of Travancore under Raja Marthanda Varma defeated the Dutch . The Dutch commander Captain Eustachius De Lannoy was captured . Marthanda Varma agreed to spare the Dutch captain 's life on condition that he joined his army and trained his soldiers on modern lines . This defeat in the Travancore - Dutch War is considered the earliest example of an organised Asian power overcoming European military technology and tactics ; and it signalled the decline of Dutch power in India . Natives
Runaway (Kanye West song)
According to Pusha T , the song was recorded in either March or April 2010 . Most of the recording crew on the project had forgotten and or forgiven West for the incident with Swift , including Pusha T , who described the event as `` old news '' . By the time Pusha T was supposed to record his verse for the song , West had already recorded a majority of the song . Pusha T had to record his verse several times , because West did n't think Pusha T was being mean enough for the concept of the song the first few times . Pusha T commented that re-doing a verse was something he very rarely did . Generally , Pusha T would write his verses very quickly , and noted that he made the exception for West who he had described as a perfectionist . During the recording process , the two had collaborated on several songs together . Pusha T called the recording process of the song `` interesting '' , and stated : West
Circular motion
where the direction of the change must be perpendicular to u ^ R ( t ) ( \ displaystyle ( \ hat ( u ) ) _ ( R ) ( t ) ) ( or , in other words , along u ^ θ ( t ) ( \ displaystyle ( \ hat ( u ) ) _ ( \ theta ) ( t ) ) ) because any change d u ^ R ( t ) ( \ displaystyle d ( \ hat ( u ) ) _ ( R ) ( t ) ) in the direction of u ^ R ( t ) ( \ displaystyle ( \ hat ( u ) ) _ ( R ) ( t ) ) would change the size of u ^ R ( t ) ( \ displaystyle ( \ hat ( u ) ) _ ( R ) ( t ) ) . The sign is positive , because an increase in dθ implies the object and u ^ R ( t ) ( \ displaystyle ( \ hat ( u ) ) _ ( R ) ( t ) ) have moved in the direction of u ^ θ ( t ) ( \ displaystyle ( \ hat ( u ) ) _ ( \ theta ) ( t ) ) . Hence the velocity becomes :
Oia, Greece
The grand sea captain 's houses from the 1800s stand out in Oia due to their location and architecture . Two prime examples are located nearby one another . Directly on the caldera with a panoramic view position only a sea captain could select , is the two storey Venetian Renaissance inspired 1864 Mansion . Originally built by the Sigouras Sarris family in 1864 , it was converted in 2002 to a private luxury hotel `` 1864 The Sea Captain 's House & Spa '' . The original features were maintained and guests all feel like the captain of the house . A second example is located on the main village pathway and was renovated in 1986 by the architect Loannis Zaggelidis into the restaurant `` Oia 1800 '' . The architecture of all the Oia sea captain 's mansions is distinctive with high vaulted ceilings , exteriors of hand carved volcanic stone mixed with marble , imported wood planked floors , flat terraced rooftops in place of the arched roofs of the cave homes and are always situated in the best locations .
LL Cool J
While LL Cool J first appeared as a rapper in the movie Krush Groove ( performing `` I Ca n't Live Without My Radio '' ) , his first acting part was a small role in a high school football movie called Wildcats . He continued to pursue acting , landing the role of Captain Patrick Zevo in the 1992 film Toys in which he shared the silver screen with Robin Williams . In 1995 , he landed his own television sitcom , In the House . He starred as an ex-Oakland Raiders running back who finds himself in financial difficulties and is forced to rent part of his home out to a single mother and her two children .
T cell
Cancer of T cells is termed T - cell lymphoma , and accounts for perhaps one in ten cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma . The main forms of T cell lymphoma are :
Loyalist (American Revolution)
Captain Benjamin Hallowell , who as Mandamus Councilor in Massachusetts served as the direct representative of the Crown , was considered by the insurgents as one of the most hated men in the Colony , but as a token of compensation when he returned from England in 1796 , his son was allowed to regain the family house .
T-Dog (The Walking Dead)
The fate of T - Dog garnered favorable reviews from television commentators . Erik Kain from Forbes magazine found Lori 's death especially difficult to watch , and was shocked by T - Dog 's `` sudden '' death despite the fact that he `` was never as prominent a figure '' on the program . `` As hard as these deaths were to watch , '' Kain wrote , `` they also give me faith in the show . '' Even though he stated that T - Dog died `` a hero 's death '' , Michael Rapoport of the Wall Street Journal concluded that Lori 's `` gut - churning '' demise was the more memorable . Ted Pigeon of Slant Magazine felt that the episode 's `` strong emotional undercurrents '' were `` a result of the sacrifice in both T - Dog 's ( IronE Singleton ) final stand and Lori 's decision to give birth despite the certainty that she wo n't survive the delivery '' . Time 's Nate Rawlings called T - Dog 's death `` the most grusome ( sic ) human death in quite some time '' , after noting that `` the only one willing to give the two inmates a chance was T - Dog . His character has been a frustrating part of the story . Last season , during the height of the languid days on the farm , T - Dog went entire episodes without speaking a line . He 's more than proven his worth as a loyal soldier , and he 's the only one who stands up to Rick and encourages him to bring the two inmates into the group .
Lagrangian mechanics
Since the lengths and times have been scaled , the trajectories of the particles in the system follow geometrically similar paths differing in size . The length l traversed in time t in the original trajectory corresponds to a new length l ′ traversed in time t ′ in the new trajectory , given by the ratios
Prison Break: The Final Break
Michael comes up with a new plan to parachute into the prison and rescue Sara . Lincoln is sent to offer T - Bag $5,000 to light a fire and set off the fire alarm at 7 : 00 the night of the escape . T - Bag demands $100,000 , and suggests they can get it by robbing the General of the money he has to pay the bounty on Sara . T - Bag did this to settle grudges with the General , including the General 's refusal to pay T - Bag for favors in jail . T - Bag provides Lincoln with the name and phone number of Joe Daniels , ( Richmond Arquette ) the General 's agent . Lincoln agrees to steal the money and put it in T - Bag 's account by 7 : 00 . Lincoln and Sucre then steal the $100,000 from Daniels .
T cell
Central memory T cells ( T cells ) express CD45RO , C-C chemokine receptor type 7 ( CCR7 ) , and L - selectin ( CD62L ) . Central memory T cells also have intermediate to high expression of CD44 . This memory subpopulation is commonly found in the lymph nodes and in the peripheral circulation . ( Note - CD44 expression is usually used to distinguish murine naive from memory T cells ) . Effector memory T cells ( T cells and T cells ) express CD45RO but lack expression of CCR7 and L - selectin . They also have intermediate to high expression of CD44 . These memory T cells lack lymph node - homing receptors and are thus found in the peripheral circulation and tissues . T stands for terminally differentiated effector memory cells re-expressing CD45RA , which is a marker usually found on naive T cells . Tissue resident memory T cells ( T ) occupy tissues ( skin , lung , etc ... ) without recirculating . One cell surface marker that has been associated with T is the integrin αeβ7 . Virtual memory T cells differ from the other memory subsets in that they do not originate following a strong clonal expansion event . Thus , although this population as a whole is abundant within the peripheral circulation , individual virtual memory T cell clones reside at relatively low frequencies . One theory is that homeostatic proliferation gives rise to this T cell population . Although CD8 virtual memory T cells were the first to be described , it is now known that CD4 virtual memory cells also exist .
United States
After having arrived in the Hawaiian islands in 1778 , Captain Cook sailed north and then northeast to explore the west coast of North America north of the Spanish settlements in Alta California . He made landfall on the Oregon coast at approximately 44 ° 30 ′ north latitude , naming his landing point Cape Foulweather . Bad weather forced his ships south to about 43 ° north before they could begin their exploration of the coast northward . In March 1778 , Cook landed on Bligh Island and named the inlet `` King George 's Sound '' . He recorded that the native name was Nutka or Nootka , apparently misunderstanding his conversations at Friendly Cove / Yuquot ; his informant may have been explaining that he was on an island ( itchme nutka , a place you can `` go around '' ) . There may also have been confusion with Nuu - chah - nulth , the natives ' autonym ( a name for themselves ) . It may also have simply been based on Cook 's mispronunciation of Yuquot , the native name of the place . Effects
Exponential function
In this expansion , the rearrangement of the terms into real and imaginary parts is justified by the absolute convergence of the series . The real and imaginary parts of the above expression in fact correspond to the series expansions of cos ⁡ t ( \ displaystyle \ cos t ) and sin ⁡ t ( \ displaystyle \ sin t ) , respectively .
T-Dog (The Walking Dead)
Theodore `` T - Dog '' Douglas is a fictional character from the horror drama television series The Walking Dead , which airs on AMC in the United States and is based on the comic book series of the same name . He was created by series developer Frank Darabont and portrayed by IronE Singleton . The character was first introduced in the first season as a member of the group that series protagonist Rick Grimes encounters in Atlanta . T - Dog was portrayed as a well - intentioned and kindhearted man towards his fellow survivors , although he struggles to prove his worth in the group . The character eventually adapts to the group and becomes one of Rick 's right - hand men .
List of The Last Ship characters
Lieutenant Commander Cameron Burk , is the older brother of Lt. Carlton Burk and the new Tactical Actions Officer of the USS Nathan James . Behind the Captain and XO , Lt. Burk is third in the chain of command on the ship . He previously served as a Lieutenant ) In S04E01 he is wounded in action on an attack on the naval base in Rota , Spain , and flown to Germany for medical treatment . His position is taken over by LCDR Kara Green . He is portrayed by LaMonica Garrett .
Atlantic slave trade
( T ) o see Africans as partners implies equal terms and equal influence on the global and intercontinental processes of the trade . Africans had great influence on the continent itself , but they had no direct influence on the engines behind the trade in the capital firms , the shipping and insurance companies of Europe and America , or the plantation systems in Americas . They did not wield any influence on the building manufacturing centers of the West .
State of Origin series
The 2010 State of Origin series was also the second televised program in Australia to be shot in 3D 1080i DVB - T as well as being simultaneously broadcast in regular 576i and 1080i DVB - T and PAL .
Flying Dutchman (Pirates of the Caribbean)
Nearly all the crew members ' time in servitude is spent toiling on board the ship . For amusement , the crew play a game called Liar 's Dice , in which they gamble years of service . In one scene of Dead Man 's Chest , the crew works on well into the night , and even in the rain , while Davy Jones plays on with his pipe organ . When Will is wrongly blamed for causing a work disruption , the boatswain proclaims that he is to be punished with a whip . In a later scene , the crew is excited when Jones commands the ship to submerge , and others continue on their duties unhampered . However , it is likely that , as Will is now captain , things have changed on board the ship , and after he becomes captain , the crew are all returned to human form .
T-Dog (The Walking Dead)
Starlee Kine of New York commented in her review of `` Secrets '' that with the mid-season finale as the next episode , there was `` One episode to go and T - Dog has barely spoken all season '' . With `` Pretty Much Dead Already '' , more reviewers began to comment on T - Dog not having a very prominent role on the show : Mark Maurer of The Star - Ledger noted that all the characters have `` slim chances , even slimmer than T - Dog 's role this season '' ; Zack Halden of The A.V. Club quipped , `` Oh hey , T - Dog is on this show ! I forgot about him , much as the writers apparently did '' ; Time journalist Nate Rawlings said that he would `` like to see T - Dog play a more active role in the next half season and perhaps learn a little bit about his past '' ; and Starlee Kine hoped that new writing staff on the show would bring `` perhaps even a sentence or two for T - Dogg '' ( sic ) . Nate Rawlings , in his review of `` Judge , Jury , Executioner '' , added : `` Until the writers give T - Dog something interesting to say , we 're going to track how long it 's been since he 's had anything but a throw away line . As of last night , the count stands at 7 episodes . The last time T - Dog said anything that remotely added to the plot was Episode 4 of this season , `` Cherokee Rose '' when he helped pull the disgustingly bloated walker out of the well . '' Digital Spy 's Morgan Jeffrey noted in his review of the season finale `` Beside the Dying Fire '' that each of the major characters `` gets their moment to shine - even T - Dog ( Irone Singleton ) , who 's barely said a word for the past six weeks '' .
History of Australia (1788–1850)
Among the first true works of Australian literature produced over this period was the accounts of the settlement of Sydney by Watkin Tench , a captain of the marines on the First Fleet to arrive in 1788 . In 1819 , poet , explorer , journalist and politician William Wentworth published the first book written by an Australian : A Statistical , Historical , and Political Description of the Colony of New South Wales and Its Dependent Settlements in Van Diemen 's Land , With a Particular Enumeration of the Advantages Which These Colonies Offer for Emigration and Their Superiority in Many Respects Over Those Possessed by the United States of America , in which he advocated an elected assembly for New South Wales , trial by jury and settlement of Australia by free emigrants rather than convicts . In 1838 The Guardian : a tale by Anna Maria Bunn was published in Sydney . It was the first Australian novel printed and published in mainland Australia and the first Australian novel written by a woman . It is a Gothic romance .
Seafloor spreading
We now use the assumption that v ( \ displaystyle v ) is large compared to other scales in the problem ; we therefore neglect the last term in the equation , and get a 1 - dimensional diffusion equation : ∂ T ∂ t = κ ∂ 2 T ∂ 2 z ( \ displaystyle ( \ frac ( \ partial T ) ( \ partial t ) ) = \ kappa ( \ frac ( \ partial ^ ( 2 ) T ) ( \ partial ^ ( 2 ) z ) ) ) with the initial conditions T ( t = 0 ) = T 1 ⋅ Θ ( − z ) ( \ displaystyle T ( t = 0 ) = T_ ( 1 ) \ cdot \ Theta ( - z ) ) .
T cell
The thymus contributes fewer cells as a person ages . As the thymus shrinks by about 3 % a year throughout middle age , a corresponding fall in the thymic production of naïve T cells occurs , leaving peripheral T cell expansion to play a greater role in protecting older subjects .
Edelweiss (song)
Although the stage production uses the song only during the concert sequence , Ernest Lehman 's screenplay for the film adaptation uses the song twice . Lehman created a scene that makes extra use of the song . This scene , inspired by a line in the original script by Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse , calls for Captain von Trapp to sing this song with his children in their family drawing room and rediscover the love he felt for them , with Liesl accompanying him . Lehman also expanded the scope of the song when it was sung in the Salzburg Festival concert scene so that Captain von Trapp and his family would call the crowds to join in the song with him , in defiance of the Nazi soldiers posted around the arena .
SS Great Britain
In her second season of service in 1846 , Great Britain successfully completed two round trips to New York at an acceptable speed , but was then laid up for repairs to one of her chain drums , which showed an unexpected degree of wear . Embarking on her third passage of the season to New York , her captain made a series of navigational errors that resulted in her being run hard aground in Dundrum Bay on the northeast coast of Ireland . There was no formal inquiry but it has been recently suggested that it was mainly due to the captain not having updated charts , so that he mistook the new St John 's light for the Calf light on the Isle of Man .
Physics of magnetic resonance imaging
The recovery of longitudinal magnetization is called longitudinal or T relaxation and occurs exponentially with a time constant T . The loss of phase coherence in the transverse plane is called transverse or T relaxation . T is thus associated with the enthalpy of the spin system , or the number of nuclei with parallel versus anti-parallel spin . T on the other hand is associated with the entropy of the system , or the number of nuclei in phase .
Outside Edge
Roger : Roger is the team captain who seems to enjoy being the leader more than actually playing cricket . Likes to think of himself as a great leader of men and organiser but in reality most of the organising is done by his wife . Outwardly he and Miriam have a perfect marriage but there is in fact very little in the way of affection between the two and when he says I Love You it 's usually just to keep her happy and not because he really means it .
Joseph McCarthy
He served as an intelligence briefing officer for a dive bomber squadron in the Solomon Islands and Bougainville for 30 months ( August 1942 -- February 1945 ) , and held the rank of captain by the time he resigned his commission in April 1945 . He volunteered to fly twelve combat missions as a gunner - observer , acquiring ( or perhaps giving himself ) the nickname `` Tail - Gunner Joe '' . McCarthy remained in the Marine Corps Reserve after the war , attaining the rank of major .
White blood cell
B cells make antibodies that can bind to pathogens , block pathogen invasion , activate the complement system , and enhance pathogen destruction . T cells : CD4+ helper T cells : T cells displaying co-receptor CD4 are known as CD4+ T cells . These cells have T - cell receptors and CD4 molecules that , in combination , bind antigenic peptides presented on major histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) class II molecules on antigen - presenting cells . Helper T cells make cytokines and perform other functions that help coordinate the immune response . In HIV infection , these T cells are the main index to identify the individual 's immune system integrity . CD8+ cytotoxic T cells : T cells displaying co-receptor CD8 are known as CD8+ T cells . These cells bind antigens presented on MHC I complex of virus - infected or tumour cells and kill them . Nearly all nucleated cells display MHC I . γδ T cells possess an alternative T cell receptor ( different from the αβ TCR found on conventional CD4+ and CD8+ T cells ) . Found in tissue more commonly than in blood , γδ T cells share characteristics of helper T cells , cytotoxic T cells , and natural killer cells . Natural killer cells are able to kill cells of the body that do not display MHC class I molecules , or display stress markers such as MHC class I polypeptide - related sequence A ( MIC - A ) . Decreased expression of MHC class I and up - regulation of MIC - A can happen when cells are infected by a virus or become cancerous .
Ice Cold in Alex
As they depart they come across an Afrikaner South African officer , Captain van der Poel ( Anthony Quayle ) , who carries a large pack , to which he seems very attached . After the South African shows Anson two bottles of gin in his backpack , van der Poel persuades Anson to let him join them in their drive to the safety of the British lines in Alexandria , Egypt .
List of Black Sails episodes
No . overall No. in season Title Directed by Written by Original air date US viewers ( millions ) `` I . '' Neil Marshall Jonathan E. Steinberg & Robert Levine January 25 , 2014 ( 2014 - 01 - 25 ) 0.846 John Silver joins Captain Flint 's crew as the ship 's new cook while holding a highly valuable page of the Captain 's Log which he takes from the ship 's first cook who has stolen it from the captain . Meanwhile Captain Flint faces a potential mutiny from his crew and must work to secure their support and recruits his first mate Billy Bones 's help to overthrow the mutineer 's leader Singleton . Also Eleanor Guthrie tries to keep order on the lawless island of New Providence conducting her father 's business as the Royal Navy 's suspicions of the pirates grow stronger . `` II . '' Sam Miller Jonathan E. Steinberg & Robert Levine February 1 , 2014 ( 2014 - 02 - 01 ) 0.840 After Captain Flint reveals Singleton as the thief in front of his crew , he has Gates convince Billy who knows the truth about his captain that this is for the good of the ship . Meanwhile , Silver and Max are forced to hide in the brothel when they put themselves in danger as Captain Vane and his new partners Jack Rackham and Anne Bonny are determined to get a hold of the missing page in the hunt for the Spanish galleon , Urca de Lima . Also , Eleanor is given an ultimatum by Max and has to decide on wealth or love . `` III . '' Neil Marshall Jonathan E. Steinberg & Robert Levine February 8 , 2014 ( 2014 - 02 - 08 ) 0.671 Flint asks Gates to seek additional help from Captain Hornigold to borrow his ship , Royal Lion , in search of the Urca de Lima . Meanwhile , Silver and Billy tackle a morale problem when they work together on the finding out the remaining mutineers . During a captains meeting to strike a deal , Eleanor is impressed by Vane 's voice of reason and calm demeanor , which leads to them having an intimate encounter . However , once she finds out Max is raped by his crew , she punishes Vane by giving them an ultimatum . Also Gates is promoted from quartermaster to captaining his own ship . `` IV .