vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Afghanistan
Archaeological exploration done in the 20th century suggests that the geographical area of Afghanistan has been closely connected by culture and trade with its neighbors to the east , west , and north . Artifacts typical of the Paleolithic , Mesolithic , Neolithic , Bronze , and Iron ages have been found in Afghanistan . Urban civilization is believed to have begun as early as 3000 BCE , and the early city of Mundigak ( near Kandahar in the south of the country ) may have been a colony of the nearby Indus Valley Civilization . More recent findings established that the Indus Valley Civilisation stretched up towards modern - day Afghanistan , making the ancient civilisation today part of Pakistan , Afghanistan and India . In more detail , it extended from what today is northwest Pakistan to northwest India and northeast Afghanistan . An Indus Valley site has been found on the Oxus River at Shortugai in northern Afghanistan . There are several smaller IVC colonies to be found in Afghanistan as well . One
Area of a circle
This particular proof may appear to beg the question , if the sine and cosine functions involved in the trigonometric substitution are regarded as being defined in relation to circles . However , as noted earlier , it is possible to define sine , cosine , and π in a way that is totally independent of trigonometry , in which case the proof is valid by the change of variables formula and Fubini 's theorem , assuming the basic properties of sine and cosine ( which can also be proved without assuming anything about their relation to circles ) .
GEICO advertising campaigns
The commercials are sometimes presented in an interview fashion , where an unseen narrator speaks to the ambitious go - kart driver . `` What do you think of Mike Wallace ? '' the child is asked , to which he responds , `` Whatever , he 's out there selling car insurance , I 'm out there to win . '' When questioned on his relation to the NASCAR driver , Lauren shakes his head and concludes , `` I did n't say I would n't go fishing with the man , all I 'm saying is if he comes near me , I 'll put him in the wall . '' To which the narrator questions him , `` You do n't race in the Busch Series . '' Lauren replies `` Listen , go - kart track , grocery store , those remote controlled boats ; when it comes to Mike Wallace the story ends with me putting him in the wall . ''
I Want to Hold Your Hand
James was the DJ for WWDC , a radio station in Washington , DC . Eventually he decided to pursue Albert 's suggestion to him and asked the station 's promotion director to get British Overseas Airways Corporation to ship in a copy of `` I Want to Hold Your Hand '' from Britain . Albert related what happened next : `` Carroll James called me up the day he got the record and said ' If you can get down here by 5 o'clock , we 'll let you introduce it . ' '' Albert managed to get to the station in time , and introduced the record with : `` Ladies and gentlemen , for the first time on the air in the United States , here are the Beatles singing ' I Want to Hold Your Hand . ' ''
No Man's Sky
Following `` Next '' , Hello Games plans to be more interactive with the community and provide more frequent updates , including weekly content with special events with community - driven goals that will provide all players with in - game currency to purchase in - game items , but otherwise free to all players and without microtransactions . Additionally , Hello Games launched the Galactic Atlas , a website that players can upload information about interesting discoveries they found in - game for other players to explore themselves .
Taxation in the United States
Commentators Benjamin Page , Larry Bartels and Jason Seawright contend that Federal tax policy in relation to regulation and reform in the United States tends to favor wealthy Americans . They assert that political influence is a legal right the wealthy can exercise by contributing funds to lobby for their policy preference . The
Damon Salvatore
In ' After School Special ' , Damon is at the Lake House training Jeremy , along with Matt Donovan . Klaus shows up and threatens Damon , wanting him to get Jeremy 's mark completed earlier rather than later . Damon is shown to be reluctant , not wanting to hurt innocents for Elena 's sake , but Klaus follows through with his plans regardless . Later in the episode Elena calls Damon and confesses she 's in love with him and it 's the ' most real thing she 's ever felt in her entire life ' , in a moment of weakness Damon tells her to come see him . Afterward Damon is confronted with a bar of newly turned vampires for Jeremy to kill concedes that it 's the quickest way , however balks when Klaus takes control and compels the newly turned vamps to kill Matt Donovan . In Catch Me If You Can Damon tells the boys to run since Jeremy is n't ready to take on all these vampires . Later when Elena arrives her and Damon argue over the killing of innocents and tells her to take Matt home while he and Jeremy take care of Klaus 's newly turned vampires . However Kol shows up and has killed all the vampires , determined to stop them from finding the cure & waking Silas , and threatens Jeremy 's life . Kol compels Damon to stake himself and later to kill Jeremy and to forget what Kol compelled him to do . Upon arriving back in Mystic Falls Damon begins to seek out Jeremy due to the compulsion , however when he sees him in the grill he realizes what Kol compelled him to do and tells Jeremy to run . Damon chases Jeremy throughout Mystic Falls and advises Jeremy that he is compelled and he needs to kill him . Jeremy shoots Damon in the head and when Damon awakens later starts cursing the youngest Gilbert , calling him stupid for not killing him . At the end of the episode Damon catches up with Jeremy Elena follows and urges Damon to fight it because `` You love me and I love you '' , but he tells her that he ca n't , falls to his knees and urges Jeremy to kill him . Stefan shows up just in time to break Damon 's neck and lock him up until they can take care of Kol . Damon spends the next episode locked up and bled dry by a jealous and snarky Stefan and engages in a conversation with Klaus about Caroline , Rebekah and Elena .
Give It to Me (Timbaland song)
The song was released to the internet in November 2006 in a demo version and it was speculated as a possible single from Timbaland 's new studio album . In late January 2007 , it was confirmed as the first single from Timbaland 's new album , which was confirmed to be released in March . Following the release of the single , a rivalry between Timbaland and record producer Scott Storch began to intensify . In the lyrics , Timbaland anonymously backlashes Storch : `` I 'm a real producer and you ( 're ) just the piano man '' . In an interview , Timbaland confirmed that he was talking about Storch . The dispute partly stemmed from controversy regarding writing credits for Justin Timberlake 's `` Cry Me a River '' ( 2003 ) . Following the reported diss , Storch culminated a response song of his own called `` Built Like That '' , where he addresses Timbaland for stealing credit from Danja and claims to be the true producer of `` Cry Me a River '' .
Data model
Generic data models are generalizations of conventional data models . They define standardised general relation types , together with the kinds of things that may be related by such a relation type . Generic data models are developed as an approach to solve some shortcomings of conventional data models . For example , different modelers usually produce different conventional data models of the same domain . This can lead to difficulty in bringing the models of different people together and is an obstacle for data exchange and data integration . Invariably , however , this difference is attributable to different levels of abstraction in the models and differences in the kinds of facts that can be instantiated ( the semantic expression capabilities of the models ) . The modelers need to communicate and agree on certain elements which are to be rendered more concretely , in order to make the differences less significant .
Jack the Giant Slayer
About the performance - capture process Singer stated , `` It 's fascinating ... It takes you back to play - acting as a kid in your living room because you are running around and having to imagine that you are in Gantua and imagine that there are these weapons and all these giant things . But there 's nothing when you are there other than styrofoam and blocks . It forces the actors to regress to when they would play - act as kids or do minimalist theatre . But in that way it 's fascinating - I can see why Robert Zemeckis and James Cameron have started to shoot pictures this way '' .
Call Me by Your Name (film)
Guadagnino has described Call Me by Your Name as a family - oriented film for the purpose of `` transmission of knowledge and hope that people of different generations come to see the film together . '' He never saw it as a `` gay '' movie , but rather calls it a film about the `` beauty of the newborn idea of desire , unbiased and uncynical , '' and reflecting his motto of living `` with a sense of joie de vivre '' , in which `` we should always be very earnest with one 's feelings , instead of hiding them or shielding ourselves '' . The director attempted to avoid the flaws he had seen in most coming - of - age films , in which growth is often portrayed as a result of resolving certain preconceived dilemmas -- such as having to choose between two lovers . He also wanted the story to follow two people in the moment , rather than focus on an antagonist or a tragedy , a specific approach inspired by À nos amours ( 1983 ) , directed by Maurice Pialat . As someone who considers sex in film a representation of the characters ' behavior and identity , Guadagnino was not interested in including explicit sex scenes in the film , in order to keep the tone as planned , saying , `` I wanted the audience to completely rely on the emotional travel of these people and feel first love ... It was important to me to create this powerful universality , because the whole idea of the movie is that the other person makes you beautiful -- enlightens you , elevates you . '' Villa
Death on the Nile
In Chapter 12 , Miss Van Schuyler mentions to Poirot a common acquaintance , Mr Rufus Van Aldin , who is known from The Mystery of the Blue Train . In Part II , Chapter 21 of the novel , Poirot mentions having found a scarlet kimono in his luggage . This refers to the plot in Murder on the Orient Express . When Poirot meets Race , Christie writes : `` Hercule Poirot had come across Colonel Race a year previously in London . They had been fellow - guests at a very strange dinner party -- a dinner party that had ended in death for that strange man , their host . '' It is a reference to the novel Cards on the Table . About to reveal the identity of the murderer , Poirot credits the experience recounted in Murder in Mesopotamia with developing his methods in detection . He muses : `` Once I went professionally to an archaeological expedition -- and I learnt something there . In the course of an excavation , when something comes up out of the ground , everything is cleared away very carefully all around it . You take away the loose earth , and you scrape here and there with a knife until finally your object is there , all alone , ready to be drawn and photographed with no extraneous matter confusing it . This is what I have been seeking to do -- clear away the extraneous matter so that we can see the truth ... ''
Quechuan languages
The direct evidential appears in wh - questions and yes / no questions . By considering the direct evidential in terms of prototypical semantics , it seems somewhat counterintuitive to have a direct evidential , basically an evidential that confirms the speaker 's certainty about a topic , in a question . However , if one focuses less on the structure and more on the situation , some sense can be made . The speaker is asking the addressee for information so the speaker assumes the speaker knows the answer . That assumption is where the direct evidential comes into play . The speaker holds a certain amount of certainty that the addressee will know the answer . The speaker interprets the addressee as being in `` direct relation '' to the proposed content ; the situation is the same as when , in regular sentences , the speaker assumes direct relation to the proposed information .
Hijab
In 1953 Egyptian leader President Gamal Abdel Nasser was told by the leader of the Muslim Brotherhood that they wanted to enforce the wearing of the hijab , to which Nasser responded , `` Sir , I know you have a daughter in college - and she does n't wear a headscarf or anything ! Why do n't you make her wear the headscarf ? So you ca n't make one girl , your own daughter , wear it , and yet you want me to go and make ten million women wear it ? ''
No Man's Sky
No Man 's Sky is primarily designed as a single - player game , though discoveries can be shared to all players via the Steam Workshop , and friends can track each other on the game 's galactic map . Hello Games ' Sean Murray stated that one might spend about forty hours of game - time to reach the centre of the galaxy if they did not perform any side activities , but he also fully anticipated that players would play the game in a manner that suits them , such as having those that might try to catalogue the flora and fauna in the universe , while others may attempt to set up trade routes between planets . Players can track friends on the galactic map and the system maps . Due to limited multiplayer aspects , Sony does not require PlayStation 4 users to have a PlayStation Plus subscription to play the game online .
Main sequence
The mass , radius and luminosity of a star are closely interlinked , and their respective values can be approximated by three relations . First is the Stefan -- Boltzmann law , which relates the luminosity L , the radius R and the surface temperature T. Second is the mass -- luminosity relation , which relates the luminosity L and the mass M. Finally , the relationship between M and R is close to linear . The ratio of M to R increases by a factor of only three over 2.5 orders of magnitude of M . This relation is roughly proportional to the star 's inner temperature T , and its extremely slow increase reflects the fact that the rate of energy generation in the core strongly depends on this temperature , whereas it has to fit the mass -- luminosity relation . Thus , a too high or too low temperature will result in stellar instability .
Mary Alice Young
Paul asks Mary Alice 's neighbors and friends , Susan ( Teri Hatcher ) , Lynette ( Felicity Huffman ) , Bree ( Marcia Cross ) and Gabrielle ( Eva Longoria ) , to go through her clothes and other belongings and then pack them up , as he thinks it will be too hard for him . The women end up finding a letter addressed to Mary Alice , a blackmail note reading , `` I know what you did , it makes me sick , I 'm going to tell . '' Thereafter , the women make a series of discoveries concerning Mary Alice 's past and her possible motives for ending her life ; she was being treated by Dr. Albert Goldfine ( Sam Lloyd ) where she revealed that she once went by the name Angela , and she may have had something to do with a baby that went missing . Paul soon discovers who sent Mary Alice the note , their next - door neighbor struggling with financial difficulty , Martha Huber ( Christine Estabrook ) , whom he ends up strangling to death out of pure rage and burying her body in the nearby forest . Meanwhile , her son Zach begins having flashbacks and is under the impression he killed a baby named Dana , who he believed to be his younger sister and reveals this to Julie Mayer ( Andrea Bowen ) , Susan 's daughter . Paul worries over what Susan is spreading about their family , so he tells Susan in private that Zach accidentally killed his younger sister , Dana , and that he and Mary Alice covered it up to protect him . However , it becomes evident that this is not the case when Paul tells Zach that Dana is still very much alive . Mary
Pragmatism
Both John Dewey in Experience and Nature ( 1929 ) and half a century later Richard Rorty in his Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature ( 1979 ) argued that much of the debate about the relation of the mind to the body results from conceptual confusions . They argue instead that there is no need to posit the mind or mindstuff as an ontological category .
Tyrannosaurus
Currie 's pack - hunting hypothesis has been harshly criticized by other scientists . Brian Switek , writing for The Guardian in 2011 , noted that Currie 's pack hypothesis has not been presented as research in a peer - reviewed scientific journal , but primarily in relation to a television special and tie - in book called Dino Gangs . Switek also noted that Currie 's argument for pack hunting in Tyrannosaurus rex is primarily based on analogy to a different species , Tarbosaurus bataar , and that the supposed evidence for pack hunting in T. bataar itself has not yet been published and subjected to scientific scrutiny . According to Switek and other scientists who have participated in panel discussions about the Dino Gangs television program , the evidence for pack hunting in Tarbosaurus and Albertosaurus is weak , based primarily on the association of several skeletons , for which numerous alternative explanations have been proposed ( e.g. drought or floods forcing numerous specimens together to die in one place ) . In fact , Switek notes that the Albertosaurus bonebed site , on which Currie has based most of the interpretations of supposed pack hunting in related species , preserves geological evidence of just such a flood . Switek said , `` bones alone are not enough to reconstruct dinosaur behaviour . The geological context in which those bones are found -- the intricate details of ancient environments and the pace of prehistoric time -- are essential to investigating the lives and deaths of dinosaurs , '' and noted that Currie must first describe the geological evidence from other tyrannosaur bonebed sites before jumping to conclusions about social behavior . Switek described the sensational claims provided in press releases and news stories surrounding the Dino Gangs program as `` nauseating hype '' and noted that the production company responsible for the program , Atlantic Productions , has a poor record involving exaggerating claims about new fossil discoveries , most notably the controversial claim it published regarding the supposed early human ancestor Darwinius , which soon turned out to be a relative of lemurs instead .
Bobby Munson
In the episode `` Greensleeves '' , Bobby is caught and tortured by August 's crew after SAMCRO attempted to blackmail him with an affidavit linking him to the murder of Pastor Johnathan Haddem . Marks ' enforcer Moses Cartwright gouges out Bobby 's right eye with a grapefruit spoon and sends it to Jax to show them Marks is still in control . In the episode `` The Separation of Crows '' , Marks threatens to continuously cut body parts off of Bobby every 24 hours that they do n't divulge where the construction site is where they buried Haddem 's body . Bobby refuses to tell Moses anything only remarking that Moses can `` suck his big white dick '' . Jax attempts to make a deal with Marks : The location of the body in exchange for Bobby . Moses remarks that Jax and the Sons made a mistake by thinking the deal was negotiable as Moses 's men force Bobby to the ground and sever a number of his fingers on his clutch hand . In the episode `` What A Piece of Work is Man '' an exchange is set up between SAMCRO and August to trade the pastor 's body and footage on a cell phone ( which contained videos that Marks intended to use as leverage against the pastor 's family ) in exchange for Bobby . Jax and the pastor 's son hand the body and phone over to August who brings a bound and gagged Bobby over , who attempts to warn Jax . Before Jax can understand him , August pulls out a gun he hid on Bobby and points it at Jax . He tells the son `` If you or your mother ever get the idea to betray me , this is what happens . '' He then shoots Bobby in the head and leaves . Jax is crushed by Bobby 's death , breaking out in tears and apologizing to his body .
Jurassic World: Fallen Kingdom
Nicholson previsualized each of the sets that he and his team built to ensure they would be large enough for the intended scenes , stating , `` Someone can tell you a Velociraptor is X-feet long , but until you see it in the space , you ca n't appreciate what that means in terms of your set and the action that needs to take place within it . '' The interior of the multi-floor Lockwood Estate was built entirely on sound stages at Pinewood Studios . The estate set included Eli Mills ' office , Dr. Wu 's large underground laboratory , an underground dinosaur containment facility , separate bedrooms belonging to Benjamin and Maisie Lockwood , and a large library with dinosaur skeletons and artifacts . When filming was completed in the Lockwood library , the set was redecorated and converted into the estate 's underground garage , where the dinosaur auction takes place . Pratt stated that the film involved significantly more stunts than its predecessor . An improvised fist fight scene , between Owen and several men during the dinosaur auction , was added late in filming . It was the first such scene to be featured in the film series , and was filmed in a single continuous shot with the use of a dolly track .
United States embargo against Cuba
The Economic impacts of the U.S. embargo on Cuba are the monetary long - term and short - term outcomes that the embargo has had on both countries in relation to trade , industry , and the creation of wealth . The U.S. sanctions on Cuba and their economic impacts can be traced back to when they were first implemented in the 1960s .
GEICO advertising campaigns
If You 're in a Horror Movie , You Make Poor Decisions : Four teenagers representing characters in a generic horror movie are running from a madman near an eerie farmhouse . They argue about whether to hide in the basement or the attic of the house , and when one girl suggests they get into the conveniently running car just behind them , the others call her crazy . Someone else suggests they go into the barn filled with chainsaws , and as they hide there the madman lurking behind them takes off his mask and shakes his head at their stupidity . The advertisement ends with the teenagers running from the madman toward the cemetery . If You 're Salt - N - Pepa , You Tell People to Push It - Salt - N - Pepa sing `` Push It '' to various people , including a businessman at the entrance doors , a woman on an elevator , a pregnant woman practicing the Lamaze technique , football players pushing against tackling dummies , and a man mowing his front lawn . If You 're a Camel , You Put Up with This All the Time - In reference to the viral `` Hump Day '' ad , a bunch of people at the zoo quote the ad to the camels , who are annoyed by it . One camel , named Phil , even complains that it is not even Wednesday . If Something Goes Wrong , You Find a Scapegoat - At a peanut butter factory , the machines act haywire . The boss asks who is to blame , and a worker points to a goat named Rick , who then screams . If You 're a Free Range Chicken , You Roam Free : A chicken travels the world and texts selfie MMS 's to its owners while `` Ride Away '' by Roy Orbison plays . If You 're a Cat , You Ignore People : A guy out in the desert falls into some quicksand , sees a cat and asks it for help , but the cat just stands there . If You 're Dora the Explorer , You Explore : A group of people struggle against harsh polar conditions to travel to the South Pole , but just as they 're about to plant their flag to stake their claim , they find that Dora the Explorer and Boots are already there to greet them . The travelers walk away while Dora and Boots do a dance and say , `` You did it ! Yay !