vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Hindu temple
The Silpa Prakasa of Odisha , authored by Ramacandra Bhattaraka Kaulacara sometime in ninth or tenth century CE , is another Sanskrit treatise on Temple Architecture . Silpa Prakasa describes the geometric principles in every aspect of the temple and symbolism such as 16 emotions of human beings carved as 16 types of female figures . These styles were perfected in Hindu temples prevalent in eastern states of India . Other ancient texts found expand these architectural principles , suggesting that different parts of India developed , invented and added their own interpretations . For example , in Saurastra tradition of temple building found in western states of India , the feminine form , expressions and emotions are depicted in 32 types of Nataka - stri compared to 16 types described in Silpa Prakasa . Silpa Prakasa provides brief introduction to 12 types of Hindu temples . Other texts , such as Pancaratra Prasada Prasadhana compiled by Daniel Smith and Silpa Ratnakara compiled by Narmada Sankara provide a more extensive list of Hindu temple types .
Factor analysis
Note that , since any rotation of a solution is also a solution , this makes interpreting the factors difficult . See disadvantages below . In this particular example , if we do not know beforehand that the two types of intelligence are uncorrelated , then we can not interpret the two factors as the two different types of intelligence . Even if they are uncorrelated , we can not tell which factor corresponds to verbal intelligence and which corresponds to mathematical intelligence without an outside argument .
Cluedo
There is also a second deck of cards -- the Intrigue cards . In this deck , there are two types of cards , Keepers and Clocks . Keepers are special abilities ; for example , `` You can see the card '' . There are eight clocks -- the first seven drawn do nothing -- whoever draws the eighth is killed by the murderer and out of the game .
Local government in the United States
Local government in the United States refers to governmental jurisdictions below the level of the state . Most states have at least two tiers of local government : counties and municipalities . In some states , counties are divided into townships . There are several different types of jurisdictions at the municipal level , including the city , town , borough , and village . The types and nature of these municipal entities varies from state to state .
Christmas decoration
A Christmas decoration is any of several types of ornamentation used at Christmastime . The traditional colours of Christmas are pine green ( evergreen ) , snow white , and heart red . Blue and white are often used to represent winter , or sometimes Hanukkah , which occurs around the same time . Gold and silver are also very common , as are other metallic colours . Typical images on Christmas decorations include Baby Jesus , Father Christmas , Santa Claus , and the star of Bethlehem . Typical winter icons include snowflakes , snowmen , icicles , and even penguins and polar bears .
Curling
There are two current types of delivery , the common flat - foot deliver as well as the Manitoba tuck delivery where the curler slides on the front ball of his foot .
Communications satellite
Communications satellites usually have one of three primary types of orbit , while other orbital classifications are used to further specify orbital details .
Mental calculation
Mental calculation comprises arithmetical calculations using only the human brain , with no help from any supplies ( such as pencil and paper ) or devices such as a calculator . People use mental calculation when computing tools are not available , when it is faster than other means of calculation ( such as conventional educational institution methods ) , or even in a competitive context . Mental calculation often involves the use of specific techniques devised for specific types of problems .
Mitochondrion
Some mitochondrial functions are performed only in specific types of cells . For example , mitochondria in liver cells contain enzymes that allow them to detoxify ammonia , a waste product of protein metabolism . A mutation in the genes regulating any of these functions can result in mitochondrial diseases .
Curling
The score is marked on a scoreboard , of which there are two types ; the baseball type and the club scoreboard .
Command-line interface
An application program may support none , any , or all of these three major types of command line interface mechanisms :
History of democracy
These types of democracy are commonly identified as tribalism , or primitive democracy . In this sense , a primitive democracy usually takes shape in small communities or villages when there are face - to - face discussions in a village council or with a leader who has the backing of village elders or other cooperative forms of government . This becomes more complex on a larger scale , such as when the village and city are examined more broadly as political communities . All other forms of rule -- including monarchy , tyranny , aristocracy , and oligarchy -- have flourished in more urban centers , often those with concentrated populations .
Taste bud
The taste buds on the tongue sit on raised protrusions of the tongue surface called papillae . There are three types of lingual papillae that contain taste buds present on the human tongue :
Pillow
A pillow is a support of the body at rest for comfort , therapeutic , decoration or play . Pillows are used by many species including humans . Some types of pillows include throw pillows and decorative pillows . Pillows that aid sleeping are a form of bedding that supports the head and neck . Other types of pillows are designed to support the body when lying down or sitting . Decorative pillows used on beds , couches or chairs are also referred to as cushions .
Environmental impact of mining
There are also many occupational health hazards . Most of the miners suffer from various respiratory and skin diseases . Miners working in different types of mines suffer from asbestosis , silicosis , or black lung disease ... Humans are also affected by the occurrence of landslides and floods .
Ocean color
If there are any particles suspended in the water , they will increase the scattering of light . In coastal areas , runoff from rivers , resuspension of sand and silt from the bottom by tides , waves and storms and a number of other substances can change the color of the near - shore waters . Some types of particles can also contain substances that absorb certain wavelengths of light , which alters its characteristics . For example , microscopic marine algae , called phytoplankton , have the capacity to absorb light in the blue and red region of the spectrum owing to specific pigments like chlorophyll . Accordingly , as the concentration of phytoplankton increases in the water , the color of the water shifts toward the green part of the spectrum . Fine mineral particles like sediment absorb light in the blue part of the spectrum , causing the water to turn brownish in case of massive sediment load .
Standardized test
There are two types of standardized test score interpretations : a norm - referenced score interpretation or a criterion - referenced score interpretation .
Neuron
There are a number of other receptor types that are called quickly adapting or phasic receptors , where firing decreases or stops with steady stimulus ; examples include : skin when touched by an object causes the neurons to fire , but if the object maintains even pressure against the skin , the neurons stop firing . The neurons of the skin and muscles that are responsive to pressure and vibration have filtering accessory structures that aid their function .
Clay court
A clay court is one of many different types of tennis court . Clay courts are made of crushed shale , stone , brick , or other unbound mineral aggregates . The French Open uses clay courts , making it unique among the Grand Slam tournaments . Clay courts are more common in Continental Europe and Latin America than in the United States , Canada or Britain . Two main types exist : red clay , the more common variety , and green clay , also known as `` rubico '' , which is a harder surface . Although less expensive to construct than other types of tennis courts , the maintenance costs of clay are high as the surface must be rolled to preserve flatness . The water content must also be balanced ; green courts are often sloped in order to allow water run - off .
Radioactive decay
Early researchers found that an electric or magnetic field could split radioactive emissions into three types of beams . The rays were given the names alpha , beta , and gamma , in increasing order of their ability to penetrate matter . Alpha decay is observed only in heavier elements of atomic number 52 ( tellurium ) and greater , with the exception of beryllium - 8 which decays to two alpha particles . The other two types of decay are produced by all of the elements . Lead , atomic number 82 , is the heaviest element to have any isotopes stable ( to the limit of measurement ) to radioactive decay . Radioactive decay is seen in all isotopes of all elements of atomic number 83 ( bismuth ) or greater . Bismuth - 209 , however , is only very slightly radioactive , with a half - life greater than the age of the universe ; radioisotopes with extremely long half - lives are considered effectively stable for practical purposes . Transition
History of photography
Around 1717 German polymath Johann Heinrich Schulze accidentally discovered that a slurry of chalk and nitric acid into which some silver particles had been dissolved was darkened by sunlight . After experiments with threads that had created lines on the bottled substance after he placed it in direct sunlight for a while , he applied stencils of words to the bottle . The stencils produced copies of the text in dark red , almost violet characters on the surface of the otherwise whitish contents . The impressions persisted until they were erased by shaking the bottle or until overall exposure to light obliterated them . Schulze named the substance `` Scotophorus '' , when he published his findings in 1719 . He thought the discovery could be applied to detect whether metals or minerals contained any silver and hoped that further experimentation by others would lead to some other useful results . Schulze 's process resembled later photogram techniques and is sometimes regarded as the very first form of photography .
Electric bicycle laws
Vehicles exceeding any of the criteria above must be registered and titled as a motorcycle . Other types of vehicles , such as electric scooters , `` pocket rockets '' and mini-choppers , may fit the definition of a moped or a motorcycle , but can not be registered by the Department of State if they lack the equipment required by law to legally drive on public roads . Minnesota
Neuron
There are many types of specialized neurons . Sensory neurons respond to one particular type of stimulus such as touch , sound , or light and all other stimuli affecting the cells of the sensory organs , and converts it into an electrical signal via transduction , which is then sent to the spinal cord or brain . Motor neurons receive signals from the brain and spinal cord to cause everything from muscle contractions and affect glandular outputs . Interneurons connect neurons to other neurons within the same region of the brain or spinal cord in neural networks .
Caesarean section
There are several types of caesarean section ( CS ) . An important distinction lies in the type of incision ( longitudinal or transverse ) made on the uterus , apart from the incision on the skin : the vast majority of skin incisions are a transverse suprapubic approach known as a Pfannenstiel incision but there is no way of knowing from the skin scar which way the uterine incision was conducted .
Italian language
There are three types of adjectives : descriptive , invariable and form - changing . Descriptive adjectives are the most common , and their endings change to match the number and gender of the noun they modify . Invariable adjectives are adjectives whose endings do not change . The form changing adjectives `` buono ( good ) , bello ( beautiful ) , grande ( big ) , and santo ( saint ) '' change in form when placed before different types of nouns . Italian has three degrees for comparison of adjectives : positive , comparative , and superlative .
Nuclear weapon
There are two basic types of nuclear weapons : those that derive the majority of their energy from nuclear fission reactions alone , and those that use fission reactions to begin nuclear fusion reactions that produce a large amount of the total energy output .
Electric car
Other battery types include lead acid batteries which are still the most used form of power for most of the electric vehicles used today . The initial construction costs are significantly lower than for other battery types , but the power to weight ratio is poorer than other designs , Nickel metal hydride ( NiMH ) which are somewhat heavier and less efficient than lithium ion , but also cheaper . Several other battery chemistries are in development such as zinc - air battery which could be much lighter , and liquid batteries that might be rapidly refilled , rather than recharged , are also under development .
Republic
The modern type of `` republic '' itself is different from any type of state found in the classical world . Nevertheless , there are a number of states of the classical era that are today still called republics . This includes ancient Athens , Sparta and the Roman Republic . While the structure and governance of these states was very different from that of any modern republic , there is debate about the extent to which classical , medieval , and modern republics form a historical continuum . J.G.A. Pocock has argued that a distinct republican tradition stretches from the classical world to the present . Other scholars disagree . Paul Rahe , for instance , argues that the classical republics had a form of government with few links to those in any modern country .
APA Ethics Code
The ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct put forth by the APA consists of ten ethical standards . The ethical standards are enforceable rules applicable for psychologists in academia and practice . These are written broadly to guide psychologists in varied areas and roles , addressing situations most psychologists may encounter in their professional roles . The types of situations include those related to resolving ethical issues , competence , human relations , privacy and confidentiality , advertising and public statements , record keeping and fees , education and training , research and publication , assessment , and therapy . The ethical standards are enforced for the benefit of the psychologists , clients , students , and other individuals that work with psychologists . Any psychologist that is a member of the APA is expected to adhere to the ethical standards . Any violation of an ethical standard may result in sanctions ranging from termination of APA membership to loss of licensure . Resolving
Hippocampus
Age - related conditions such as Alzheimer 's disease and other forms of dementia ( for which hippocampal disruption is one of the earliest signs ) have a severe impact on many types of cognition , but even normal aging is associated with a gradual decline in some types of memory , including episodic memory and working memory ( or short - term memory ) . Because the hippocampus is thought to play a central role in memory , there has been considerable interest in the possibility that age - related declines could be caused by hippocampal deterioration . Some early studies reported substantial loss of neurons in the hippocampus of elderly people , but later studies using more precise techniques found only minimal differences . Similarly , some MRI studies have reported shrinkage of the hippocampus in elderly people , but other studies have failed to reproduce this finding . There is , however , a reliable relationship between the size of the hippocampus and memory performance ; so that where there is age - related shrinkage , memory performance will be impaired . There are also reports that memory tasks tend to produce less hippocampal activation in the elderly than in the young . Furthermore , a randomized control trial published in 2011 found that aerobic exercise could increase the size of the hippocampus in adults aged 55 to 80 and also improve spatial memory .
Cell wall
There are broadly speaking two different types of cell wall in bacteria , called Gram - positive and Gram - negative . The names originate from the reaction of cells to the Gram stain , a test long - employed for the classification of bacterial species .
Internet privacy
Evercookies , created by Samy Kamkar , are JavaScript - based applications which produce cookies in a web browser that actively `` resist '' deletion by redundantly copying themselves in different forms on the user 's machine ( e.g. , Flash Local Shared Objects , various HTML5 storage mechanisms , window.name caching , etc . ) , and resurrecting copies that are missing or expired . Evercookie accomplishes this by storing the cookie data in several types of storage mechanisms that are available on the local browser . It has the ability to store cookies in over ten types of storage mechanisms so that once they are on one 's computer they will never be gone . Additionally , if evercookie has found the user has removed any of the types of cookies in question , it recreates them using each mechanism available . Evercookies are one type of zombie cookie . However , modern browsers and anti-malware software can now block or detect and remove such cookies . Anti-fraud
Biomass
There is research involving algae or algae - derived biomass , as this non-food resource can be produced at rates five to ten times those of other types of land - based agriculture , such as corn and soy . Once harvested , it can be fermented to produce biofuels such as ethanol , butanol , and methane , as well as biodiesel and hydrogen . Efforts are being made to identify which species of algae are most suitable for energy production . Genetic engineering approaches could also be utilized to improve microalgae as a source of biofuel .
Salt Lake City
There are 75,177 households , out of which 27.0 % have children under the age of 18 living with them , 41.1 % are married couples living together , 10.2 % have a female householder with no husband present , and 44.3 % are other types of households . Of the 75,177 households , 3,904 were reported to be unmarried partner households : 3,047 heterosexual , 458 same - sex male , and 399 same - sex female. 33.2 % of all households are made up of individuals , and 9.7 % have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older . The average household size is 2.48 , and the average family size is 3.24 .
Nervous system
There are literally hundreds of different types of synapses . In fact , there are over a hundred known neurotransmitters , and many of them have multiple types of receptors . Many synapses use more than one neurotransmitter -- a common arrangement is for a synapse to use one fast - acting small - molecule neurotransmitter such as glutamate or GABA , along with one or more peptide neurotransmitters that play slower - acting modulatory roles . Molecular neuroscientists generally divide receptors into two broad groups : chemically gated ion channels and second messenger systems . When a chemically gated ion channel is activated , it forms a passage that allows specific types of ions to flow across the membrane . Depending on the type of ion , the effect on the target cell may be excitatory or inhibitory . When a second messenger system is activated , it starts a cascade of molecular interactions inside the target cell , which may ultimately produce a wide variety of complex effects , such as increasing or decreasing the sensitivity of the cell to stimuli , or even altering gene transcription .
Vermont
There are three types of incorporated municipalities in Vermont : towns , cities , and villages . Like most of New England , there is slight provision for autonomous county government . Counties and county seats are merely convenient repositories for various government services such as state courts , with several elected officers such as a state 's Attorney and sheriff . All county services are directly funded by the state of Vermont . The next effective governmental level below state government are municipalities . Most of these are towns .
Radioactive decay
The relationship between the types of decays also began to be examined : For example , gamma decay was almost always found to be associated with other types of decay , and occurred at about the same time , or afterwards . Gamma decay as a separate phenomenon , with its own half - life ( now termed isomeric transition ) , was found in natural radioactivity to be a result of the gamma decay of excited metastable nuclear isomers , which were in turn created from other types of decay .
Ship
For a ship to float , its weight must be less than that of the water displaced by the ship 's hull . There are many types of hulls , from logs lashed together to form a raft to the advanced hulls of America 's Cup sailboats . A vessel may have a single hull ( called a monohull design ) , two in the case of catamarans , or three in the case of trimarans . Vessels with more than three hulls are rare , but some experiments have been conducted with designs such as pentamarans . Multiple hulls are generally parallel to each other and connected by rigid arms .
Certified teacher
There are two types of recognised teacher statuses in Hong Kong : Registered teacher ( the higher qualification ) and permitted teacher ( the temporary , lower qualification ) . Private schools may be exempted from having teachers of either statuses .
House of Lords
If there is an equality of votes , the motion is decided according to the following principles : legislation may proceed in its present form , unless there is a majority in favour of amending or rejecting it ; any other motions are rejected , unless there is a majority in favour of approving it . The quorum of the House of Lords is just three members for a general or procedural vote , and 30 members for a vote on legislation . If fewer than three or 30 members ( as appropriate ) are present , the division is invalid .
Electromagnetic radiation
Electromagnetic radiation composed of photons that carry minimum - ionization energy , or more , ( which includes the entire spectrum with shorter wavelengths ) , is therefore termed ionizing radiation . ( Many other kinds of ionizing radiation are made of non-EM particles ) . Electromagnetic - type ionizing radiation extends from the extreme ultraviolet to all higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths , which means that all X-rays and gamma rays qualify . These are capable of the most severe types of molecular damage , which can happen in biology to any type of biomolecule , including mutation and cancer , and often at great depths below the skin , since the higher end of the X-ray spectrum , and all of the gamma ray spectrum , penetrate matter .
Comparison of Star Trek and Star Wars
Although both Star Trek and Star Wars populate various forms of media , not all types have been produced that are mutual to both franchises . Star Wars has not produced any live - action television series while Star Trek has produced six live - action television series .