vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Upper Deck Company
In April 2006 , Upper Deck created Upper Deck Kids with the slogan `` Get More Than Lucky '' . Codes printed on the back of cards can be entered on the website to get points which can be redeemed for prizes . In April 2007 , a monthly limit of 1000 codes was installed and adults were made ineligible to sign up . New prizes are usually added weekly . Prizes available in the past included autographed memorabilia , sports card boxes , screensavers , desktop wallpapers , video games & systems , among others. The website also encourages you to buy sports cards . Each prize is worth a different amount . Upper Deck Kids also has message boards where kids can talk about sports , trade codes , and gossip , etc . Also , a limit has been put on how many invalid codes you can enter . This due to multiple hackers that wrote code cracking programs in order to guess all of the possible codes and take all of the prizes for themselves . Additionally , 2006 Upper Deck product 's codes may no longer be redeemed for points on the kids website due to avoid `` code sharing '' amongst members . These 06 ' codes are often referred to as `` accident codes '' . Code sharing is massive lists of free codes posted on third party sites that can be used to redeem huge amounts of points . Trading codes also takes place on the website as well . Also , in order to encourage kids to buy the most recent Upper Deck products , codes from the backs of cards that are older than six months now are worth half of their original rewards points value
Women in Vietnam
In Vietnam during the 1960s and 1970s , the newly - powerful socialists promoted equal access to education for men and women . The reunification of North and South Vietnam after the Vietnam war , in 1976 , also allowed women to take on leadership roles in politics . One author said that Vietnam during the 1980s was `` a place where , after exhausting work and furious struggle , women can be confident that they travel the path which will some day arrive at their liberation . ''
Human rights in the Philippines
Facilities for Women Article 132 of the Labor Code of the Philippines requires employers to : Provide seats proper for women and let them use these seats when they are free from work or during work hours provided that they can perform their duties in this position without sacrificing efficiency . Establish separate toilet rooms for men and women and provide at least a dressing room for women . Establish a nursery in a workplace for the benefit of women employees . Determine appropriate minimum age and other standards for retirement or termination in special occupations such as those of flight attendants and the like . Discrimination Article 134 of the Labor Code of the Philippines states that a woman can not be paid a lesser compensation than a man for work of equal value . Favoring a male employee over a female employee with regard to promotion , training opportunities , study , scholarship grants based on only their sexes is also illegal . Prohibited Acts Based on Article 137 the employer is not allowed to : Deprive any woman employee of any of the benefits mentioned above and in Articles 130 - 136 of the Labor Code or to terminate any woman employee for the purpose of stopping her from enjoying said benefits . Terminate a woman because of her pregnancy while on leave or in confinement due to it . Discharge or refuse the admission of such woman from returning to her work for fear that she may again be pregnant . Employment
Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
During the war , a serious shortage of able - bodied men ( `` manpower '' ) occurred , and women were required to take on many of the traditional male roles . With the approval of the labour unions , `` dilution '' was agreed upon . Complicated factory jobs handled by skilled men were diluted or simplified so that they could be handled by less skilled men and women . The result was a large increase in women workers , concentrated in munitions industries of highest priority to winning the war . This led to a new view of what a woman was capable of doing , at the same time the anti-suffrage hostility caused by pre-war militant tactics declined . All the major women 's groups strongly supported the war effort . Pacifism existed on the left of politics , especially in the trade unions , but did not play a major role in creating opposition to women 's suffrage . Until now suffrage was based on occupational qualifications of men . Millions of women were now meeting those occupational qualifications , which in any case were so old - fashioned that the consensus was to remove them . For example , a male voter who joined the Army might lose the right to vote , which was an intolerable result . In early 1916 , suffragist organizations privately agreed to downplay their differences , and resolve that any legislation increasing the number of votes should also enfranchise women . Local government officials proposed a simplification of the old system of franchise and registration , and the Labour cabinet member in the new coalition government , Arthur Henderson , called for universal suffrage , with an age cutoff of 21 for men and 25 for women . Most male political leaders showed anxiety about having a female majority in the new electorate . Parliament turned over the issue to a new Speakers Conference , a special committee from all parties from both houses , chaired by the Speaker . They began meeting in October 1916 , in secret . A majority of 15 to 6 supported votes for some women ; by 12 to 10 , it agreed on a higher age cut off for women . Women leaders accepted a cutoff age of 30 in order to get the vote for most women .
Waiting for Godot
Beckett was not open to most interpretative approaches to his work . He famously objected when , in the 1980s , several women 's acting companies began to stage the play . `` Women do n't have prostates , '' said Beckett , a reference to the fact that Vladimir frequently has to leave the stage to urinate .
Indigenous Australians
Using a new method based on tracing the deaths of people identified as Indigenous at the 2006 census , in 2009 the ABS estimated life expectancy at 67.2 years for Indigenous men ( 11.5 years less than for non-Indigenous ) and 72.9 years for Indigenous women ( 9.7 years less than for non-Indigenous ) . Estimated life expectancy of Indigenous men ranges from 61.5 years for those living in the Northern Territory to a high of 69.9 years for those living in New South Wales , and for Indigenous women , 69.2 years for those living in the Northern Territory to a high of 75.0 years for those living in New South Wales .
American Equal Rights Association
The abolitionist movement was sensitive to attacks on the Republican Party , with which it collaborated closely , serving in some ways as its left wing . The women 's rights movement depended heavily on abolitionist resources , with its articles published in their newspapers and some of its funding provided by abolitionists . After the Kansas debacle , women 's suffragists who distanced themselves from abolitionist and Republican leadership found those resources increasingly unavailable . Wendell Phillips worked to prevent discussion of women 's suffrage at abolitionist meetings , and abolitionist journals began to downplay those issues as well .
PGA European Tour
Professional golf began in Europe , specifically in Scotland . The first professionals were clubmakers and greenkeepers who also taught golf to the wealthy men who could afford to play the game ( early handmade equipment was expensive ) and played `` challenge matches '' against one another for purses put up by wealthy backers . The first multi-competitor stroke play tournament was The Open Championship , which was introduced in 1860 . That year it was for professionals only , and it attracted a field of eight . The following year , amateurs were permitted to enter . In contrast to many other sports which originated in the United Kingdom , the amateur - professional divide never created major problems in golf , at least at the elite competitive level .
One-drop rule
Blacks in the United States are more racially mixed than whites , reflecting historical experience here , including the close living and working conditions among the small populations of the early colonies , when indentured servants , both black and white , and slaves , married or formed unions . Mixed - race children of white mothers were born free , and many families of free people of color were started in those years . 80 percent of the free African - American families in the Upper South in the censuses of 1790 to 1810 can be traced as descendants of unions between white women and African men in colonial Virginia , not of slave women and white men . In the early colony , conditions were loose among the working class , who lived and worked closely together . After the American Revolutionary War , their free mixed - race descendants migrated to the frontiers of nearby states along with other primarily European Virginia pioneers . The admixture also reflects later conditions under slavery , when white planters or their sons , or overseers , frequently raped African women . There were also freely chosen relationships among individuals of different or mixed races .
Android (operating system)
In 2012 , Google began decoupling certain aspects of the operating system ( particularly its core applications ) so they could be updated through the Google Play store independently of the OS . One of those components , Google Play Services , is a closed - source system - level process providing APIs for Google services , installed automatically on nearly all devices running Android 2.2 `` Froyo '' and higher . With these changes , Google can add new system functionality through Play Services and update apps without having to distribute an upgrade to the operating system itself . As a result , Android 4.2 and 4.3 `` Jelly Bean '' contained relatively fewer user - facing changes , focusing more on minor changes and platform improvements .
Reservation in India
The Women 's Reservation Bill was passed by the Rajya Sabha on 9 March 2010 by a majority vote of 186 members in favour and 1 against . As of March 2013 , the Lok Sabha has not voted on the bill . Critics say gender can not be held as a basis for reservation alone other factors should also be considered e.g. economic , social conditions of woman candidate especially when applying reservation for educated women . There also is a growing demand for women reservation in pre-existing reservations like OBC , SC / ST , physically handicapped etc . Some groups still demand that reservation for women should be at least 50 per cent as they comprise 50 per cent of the population .
Replay review in gridiron football
During a scoring play ( starting in 2011 ) , turnovers ( starting in 2012 ) , or after the two - minute warning of each half , and in overtime , reviews can only take place if the replay assistant , who sits in the press box and monitors the network broadcast of the game , determines that a play needs review ; coaches may not challenge during these times . In those cases , the replay assistant will contact the referee by a specialized electronic pager with a vibrating alert . If a review takes place during that time while the clock is running , the clock will stop for the review , and then it will start running once the ball is set and ready for play . Starting with the 2010 season , any reviews with the clock running inside one minute will have a 10 - second rundown , which can be voided if either team uses a timeout .
Women's suffrage in the United Kingdom
There is a poll book from 1843 which clearly shows thirty women 's names among those who voted . These women were playing an active role in the election . On the roll , the wealthiest female elector was Grace Brown , a butcher . Due to the high rates that she paid , Grace Brown was entitled to four votes .
Warsaw
There are many sports centres in the city as well . Most of these facilities are swimming pools and sports halls , many of them built by the municipality in the past several years . The main indoor venue is Hala Torwar , used for all kinds of indoor sports ( it was a venue for the 2009 EuroBasket but it is also used as an indoor skating rink ) . There is also an open - air skating rink ( Stegny ) and a horse racetrack ( Służewiec ) .
The Yellow Wallpaper
In The Yellow Wallpaper Gilman portrays the narrator 's insanity as a way to protest the medical and professional oppression against women at the time . While under the impression that husbands and male doctors were acting with their best interests in mind , women were depicted as mentally weak and fragile . At the time women 's rights advocates believed that the outbreak of women being diagnosed as mentally ill was the manifestation of their setbacks regarding the roles they were allowed to play in a male - dominated society . Women were even discouraged from writing , because their writing would ultimately create an identity and become a form of defiance for them . Gilman realized that writing became one of the only forms of existence for women at a time where they had very few rights .
Victorian morality
Verbal or written communication of emotion or sexual feelings was also often proscribed so people instead used the language of flowers . However , they also wrote explicit erotica , perhaps the most famous being the racy tell - all My Secret Life by the pseudonym Walter ( allegedly Henry Spencer Ashbee ) , and the magazine The Pearl , which was published for several years and reprinted as a paperback book in the 1960s . Victorian erotica also survives in private letters archived in museums and even in a study of women 's orgasms . Some current historians now believe that the myth of Victorian repression can be traced back to early twentieth - century views , such as those of Lytton Strachey , a member of the Bloomsbury Group , who wrote Eminent Victorians .
Thermoregulation
There are three avenues of heat loss : convection , conduction , and radiation . If skin temperature is greater than that of the surroundings , the body can lose heat by radiation and conduction . But , if the temperature of the surroundings is greater than that of the skin , the body actually gains heat by radiation and conduction . In such conditions , the only means by which the body can rid itself of heat is by evaporation . So , when the surrounding temperature is higher than the skin temperature , anything that prevents adequate evaporation will cause the internal body temperature to rise . During intense physical activity ( e.g. sports ) , evaporation becomes the main avenue of heat loss . Humidity affects thermoregulation by limiting sweat evaporation and thus heat loss . Play
Seneca Falls Convention
Starting in 1832 , abolitionist and journalist William Lloyd Garrison organized anti-slavery associations which encouraged the full participation of women . Garrison 's ideas were not welcomed by a majority of other abolitionists , and those unwilling to include women split from him to form other abolitionist societies .
Hijab
In 2015 authorities in Uzbekistan organized a `` deveiling '' campaign in the capital city Tashkent , during which women wearing hijab were detained and taken to a police station . Those who agreed to remove their hijab were released `` after a conversation '' , while those who refused were transferred to the counterterrorism department and given a lecture . Their husbands or fathers were then summoned to convince the women to obey the police . This followed an earlier campaign in the Fergana Valley .
Houston Astros
As of 2018 , the Astros ' flagship radio station is KBME , Sportstalk 790 AM ( a Fox Sports Radio affiliate ) . Previously , the team had a partnership with KTRH ( 740 AM ) which went from 1999 to 2012 ( both stations are owned by iHeartMedia ) . This change suddenly made it difficult for listeners outside of Houston itself to hear the Astros , as KTRH runs 50 kilowatts of power day and night , and KBME runs only five kilowatts . As a result , KTRH is audible across much of Central , East , and South Texas , whereas KBME can only be heard in Houston , especially after dark . Milo Hamilton , a veteran voice who was on the call for Hank Aaron 's 715th career home run in 1974 , retired at the end of the 2012 season , after broadcasting play - by - play for the Astros since 1985 . Dave Raymond and Brett Dolan shared play - by play duty for road games , while Raymond additionally worked as Hamilton 's color analyst ( while Hamilton called home games only for the past few seasons before his retirement ) ; they were not retained and instead brought in Robert Ford and Steve Sparks to begin broadcasting for the 2013 season .
History of women in the United States
American women achieved several firsts in the professions in the second half of the 1800s . In 1866 Lucy Hobbs Taylor became the first American woman to receive a dentistry degree . In 1878 Mary L. Page became the first woman in America to earn a degree in architecture when she graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana - Champaign . In 1879 Belva Lockwood became the first woman allowed to argue before the Supreme Court ; the first case in which she did so was the 1880 case `` Kaiser v. Stickney '' . Arabella Mansfield had previously become America 's first female lawyer when she was admitted to the bar in 1869 . In 1891 Marie Owens , born in Canada , was hired in Chicago as America 's first female police officer . Due to women 's greater involvement in law and law enforcement , in 1871 the first state laws specifically making wife beating illegal were passed , though proliferation of laws to all states and adequate enforcement of those laws lagged very far behind . One of the first female photojournalists , Sadie Kneller Miller used her initials , SKM , as a byline , which hid her gender . She covered sports , disasters , diseases , and was recognized as the first female war correspondent .
Norman conquest of England
Many of the free peasants of Anglo - Saxon society appear to have lost status and become indistinguishable from the non-free serfs . Whether this change was due entirely to the conquest is unclear , but the invasion and its after - effects probably accelerated a process already under way . The spread of towns and increase in nucleated settlements in the countryside , rather than scattered farms , was probably accelerated by the coming of the Normans to England . The lifestyle of the peasantry probably did not greatly change in the decades after 1066 . Although earlier historians argued that women became less free and lost rights with the conquest , current scholarship has mostly rejected this view . Little is known about women other than those in the landholding class , so no conclusions can be drawn about peasant women 's status after 1066 . Noblewomen appear to have continued to influence political life mainly through their kinship relationships . Both before and after 1066 aristocratic women could own land , and some women continued to have the ability to dispose of their property as they wished .
The Coquette
In Redefining the Political Novel , Sharon M. Harris responds to Cathy Davidson 's work by arguing that The Coquette can be understood as a political novel ; she writes , `` By recognizing and satirizing , first , the political systems that create women 's social realisms and , second , the language used to convey those systems to the broader culture , Foster exposes the sexist bases of the new nation 's political ideologies . ''
History of women in the United States
Nor did the New Deal make much more than a symbolic effort to address problems of gender equality ... New Deal programs ( even those designed by New Deal women ) continued most mostly to reflect traditional assumptions about women 's roles and made few gestures toward the aspirations of women who sought economic independence and professional opportunities . The interest in individual and group rights that became so central to the postwar liberalism ... was faint , and at times almost invisible , within the New Deal itself .
Hijab
A hijab ( / hɪˈdʒɑːb / , / hɪˈdʒæb / , / ˈhɪ. dʒ æb / or / hɛˈdʒɑːb / ; Arabic : حجاب ‎ ḥijāb , pronounced ( ˈħɪˌdʒæːb ) or ( ˈħeˌɡæːb ) ( dialectal ) ) is a veil worn by some Muslim women in the presence of any male outside of their immediate family , which usually covers the head and chest . The word ḥijāb in the Quran refers not to women 's clothing , but rather a spatial partition or curtain . The term can refer to any head , face , or body covering worn by Muslim women that conforms to a certain standard of modesty . Hijab can also be used to refer to the seclusion of women from men in the public sphere , or it may denote a metaphysical dimension , for example referring to `` the veil which separates man or the world from God '' .
Masters Tournament
WestwoodOne ( previously Dial Global and CBS Radio ) has provided live radio play - by - play coverage in the United States since 1956 . This coverage can also be heard on the official Masters website . The network provides short two - or three - minute updates throughout the tournament , as well as longer three - and four - hour segments towards the end of the day .
Leading and lagging current
In electric power flow , it is important to know whether current is leading or lagging because they can be used to describe how much circulating current or reactive power flow is occurring in the system . They can also play an important role in the operation of three - phase power systems .
The Herd with Colin Cowherd
The Herd with Colin Cowherd is a sports talk radio show hosted by Colin Cowherd on Fox Sports Radio and Fox Sports 1 . The show features commentary on the day 's sports news , perspective on other news stories , and interviews with celebrities , sports analysts and sports figures .
Klondike (solitaire)
Time can also play a factor in Windows Solitaire , if the Timed game option is selected . For every 10 seconds of play , 2 points are taken away . Bonus points are calculated with the formula of 700,000 / ( seconds to finish ) if the game takes more than 30 seconds . If the game takes less than 30 seconds , no bonus points are awarded .
Santería
Priests are commonly known as Santeros or Olorichas . Once those priests have initiated other priests , they become known as babalorichás , `` fathers of orichá '' ( for men ) , and as iyalorichás , `` mothers of orichá '' ( for women ) . Priests can commonly be referred to as Santeros ( male ) and Santeras ( female ) , and if they function as diviners ( using cowrie - shell divination known as Dilogun ) of the Orichás they can be considered Italeros , or if they go through training to become leaders of initiations , Obas or Oriates .
Call of Duty: Black Ops
Players can play alone or with friends against AI opponents in `` Combat Training '' with a separate progression system . Online split - screen is re-introduced on Xbox 360 and PS3 . The guest account can rank up but is reset after each sign out . Only on Xbox 360 , a second Gold Xbox Live account can be used to keep the second player 's progression . Aside from the Combat Training mode , Xbox users can also have up to four players in split - screen mode play against AI opponents even without having an Xbox Live account . This is done by configuring the Local Split Screen settings and setting the number of enemies to a value greater than zero .
Samurai
Though women of wealthier samurai families enjoyed perks of their elevated position in society , such as avoiding the physical labor that those of lower classes often engaged in , they were still viewed as far beneath men . Women were prohibited from engaging in any political affairs and were usually not the heads of their household . Hangaku
Creon
Seamus Heaney 's 2004 play The Burial at Thebes includes a note from the writer comparing Creon 's actions to those of the Bush administration .