vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Certified teacher
A certified teacher is a teacher who has earned credentials from an authoritative source , such as the government , a higher education institution or a private source . This teacher qualification gives a teacher authorization to teach and grade in pre-schools , primary or secondary education in countries , schools , content areas or curricula where authorization is required . While many authorizing entities require student teaching before earning teacher certification , routes vary from country to country . A teaching qualification is one of a number of academic and professional degrees that enables a person to become a registered teacher . Examples of teaching qualifications include the Postgraduate Certificate in Education ( PGCE ) , the Professional Graduate Diploma in Education ( PGDE ) and the Bachelor of Education . Though teacher certifications are most commonly provided by governments and higher education institutions , there are a few private bodies providing teacher certifications ; for example , the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards in the United States and the Centre for Teacher Accreditation ( CENTA ) in India .
Carburetor
The spread - bore four - barrel carburetor , first released by Rochester in the 1965 model year as the `` Quadrajet '' has a much greater spread between the sizes of the primary and secondary throttle bores . The primaries in such a carburetor are quite small relative to conventional four - barrel practice , while the secondaries are quite large . The small primaries aid low - speed fuel economy and driveability , while the large secondaries permit maximum performance when it is called for . To tailor airflow through the secondary Venturis , each of the secondary throats has an air valve at the top . This is configured much like a choke plate , and is lightly spring - loaded into the closed position . The air valve opens progressively in response to engine speed and throttle opening , gradually allowing more air to flow through the secondary side of the carburetor . Typically , the air valve is linked to metering rods which are raised as the air valve opens , thereby adjusting secondary fuel flow .
Education in India
UGC , NCERT , CBSE and ICSE directives state qualifying ages for candidates who wish to take board exams . Those at least 15 years old by 30 May for a given academic year are eligible to appear for Secondary board exams , and those 17 by the same date are eligible to appear for Higher Secondary certificate board exams . It further states that upon successful completion of Higher Secondary , one can apply to higher education under UGC control such as Engineering , Medical , and Business Administration .
Nepanagar
This town has a number of schools & colleges providing education to students of town and surrounding villages . Prominent among these are Kendriya Vidyalaya , Nepa Higher Secondary School , Citizen Higher Secondary School , St. A.G. Convent School , PJN Government College , ITI college & Government School
Education in Bangladesh
At the school level , in the case of non-government secondary schools , School Management Committees ( SMC ) , and at the intermediate college level , in the case of non-government colleges , Governing Bodies ( GB ) , formed as per government directives , are responsible for mobilising resources , approving budgets , controlling expenditures , and appointing and disciplining staff . While teachers of non-government secondary schools are recruited by concerned SMCs observing relevant government rules , teachers of government secondary schools are recruited centrally by the DSHE through a competitive examination .
DNA replication
Bare single - stranded DNA tends to fold back on itself forming secondary structures ; these structures can interfere with the movement of DNA polymerase . To prevent this , single - strand binding proteins bind to the DNA until a second strand is synthesized , preventing secondary structure formation .
Education in Bangladesh
The government of Bangladesh operates many schools in the primary , secondary , and higher secondary levels . It also subsidises parts of the funding for many private schools . In the tertiary education sector , the government also funds more than 15 state universities through the University Grants Commission .
Education in India
Education Policy is prepared by the Centre Government and State Governments at national and state levels respectively . The National Policy on Education ( NPE ) , 1986 , has provided for environment awareness , science and technology education , and introduction of traditional elements such as Yoga into the Indian secondary school system . A significant feature of India 's secondary school system is the emphasis on inclusion of the disadvantaged sections of the society . Professionals from established institutes are often called to support in vocational training . Another feature of India 's secondary school system is its emphasis on profession based vocational training to help students attain skills for finding a vocation of his / her choosing . A significant new feature has been the extension of SSA to secondary education in the form of the Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan . Curriculum
Helsinki
Helsinki has 190 comprehensive schools , 41 upper secondary schools , and 15 vocational institutes . Half of the 41 upper secondary schools are private or state - owned , the other half municipal . Higher level education is given in eight universities ( see the section `` Universities '' below ) and four polytechnics .
Kerala State Education Board
Schools and colleges are now largely run by the government , private trusts , or individuals . Each school is affiliated with either the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education ( ICSE ) , the Central Board for Secondary Education ( CBSE ) , or the Kerala State Education Board . English is the language of instruction in most private schools , while government run schools offer English or Malayalam as the medium of instruction . After 10 years of secondary schooling , students typically enroll at Higher Secondary School in one of the three streams - liberal arts , commerce or science . Upon completing the required coursework , students can enroll in general or professional degree programmes . Kerala topped the Education Development Index ( EDI ) among 21 major states in India in year 2006 - 2007 . EDI is calculated using indicators such as access , infrastructure , teachers and outcome .
Binary star
The brighter star of a visual binary is the primary star , and the dimmer is considered the secondary . In some publications ( especially older ones ) , a faint secondary is called the comes ( plural comites ; companion ) . If the stars are the same brightness , the discoverer designation for the primary is customarily accepted .
Education in India
At the school level , National Institute of Open Schooling ( NIOS ) provides opportunities for continuing education to those who missed completing school education . 14 lakh students are enrolled at the secondary and higher secondary level through open and distance learning . In 2012 Various state governments also introduced `` STATE OPEN SCHOOL '' to provide distance education .
Spider
Other differences between the principal and secondary eyes are that the latter have rhabdomeres that point away from incoming light , just like in vertebrates , while the arrangement is the opposite in the former . The principal eyes are also the only ones with eye muscles , allowing them to move the retina . Having no muscles , the secondary eyes are immobile .
Segovia
The city of Segovia is home to a large number of primary schools and secondary schools , the oldest of which ( IES Mariano Quintanilla , founded in 1845 ) having been officially declared `` of cultural interest . '' A high proportion of the student population attends state primary and secondary schools , while private schooling in Segovia is mostly religious in nature .
Electromagnetic radiation
By contrast , the EM far - field is composed of radiation that is free of the transmitter in the sense that ( unlike the case in an electrical transformer ) the transmitter requires the same power to send these changes in the fields out , whether the signal is immediately picked up or not . This distant part of the electromagnetic field is `` electromagnetic radiation '' ( also called the far - field ) . The far - fields propagate ( radiate ) without allowing the transmitter to affect them . This causes them to be independent in the sense that their existence and their energy , after they have left the transmitter , is completely independent of both transmitter and receiver . Because such waves conserve the amount of energy they transmit through any spherical boundary surface drawn around their source , and because such surfaces have an area that is defined by the square of the distance from the source , the power of EM radiation always varies according to an inverse - square law . This is in contrast to dipole parts of the EM field close to the source ( the near - field ) , which varies in power according to an inverse cube power law , and thus does not transport a conserved amount of energy over distances , but instead fades with distance , with its energy ( as noted ) rapidly returning to the transmitter or absorbed by a nearby receiver ( such as a transformer secondary coil ) .
Meander
Irrotational flow : From Bernoulli 's equations , high pressure results in low velocity . Therefore , in the absence of secondary flow we would expect low fluid velocity at the outside bend and high fluid velocity at the inside bend . This classic fluid mechanics result is irrotational vortex flow . In the context of meandering rivers , its effects are dominated by those of secondary flow .
Boötes
Kappa Boötis is another wide double star . The primary is 155 light - years away and has a magnitude of 4.5 . The secondary is 196 light - years away and has a magnitude of 6.6 . The two components are separated by 13.4 arcseconds , at an angle of 236 degrees . The primary , with spectral class A7 , appears white and the secondary appears bluish .
Cobalt-60
As a tracer for cobalt in chemical reactions Sterilization of medical equipment . Radiation source for medical radiotherapy . Cobalt therapy , using beams of gamma rays from Co teletherapy machines to treat cancer . Radiation source for industrial radiography . Radiation source for leveling devices and thickness gauges . Radiation source for pest insect sterilization . As a radiation source for food irradiation and blood irradiation .
Polycythemia
Secondary polycythemia in which the production of erythropoietin increases appropriately is called physiologic polycythemia .
New Mexico
The New Mexico Public Education Department oversees the operation of primary and secondary schools .
Test probe
Alternating currents are relatively easy to measure as transformers can be used . A current transformer is commonly used to measure alternating currents . The current to be measured is forced through the primary winding ( often a single turn ) and the current through the secondary winding is found by measuring the voltage across a current - sense resistor ( or `` burden resistor '' ) . The secondary winding has a burden resistor to set the current scale . The properties of a transformer offer many advantages . The current transformer rejects common mode voltages , so an accurate single - ended voltage measurement can be made on a grounded secondary . The effective series resistance R s ( \ displaystyle R_ ( s ) ) of the primary winding is set by the burden resistor on the secondary winding R ( \ displaystyle R ) and the transformer turns ratio N ( \ displaystyle N ) , where : R s = R / N 2 ( \ displaystyle R_ ( s ) = R / N ^ ( 2 ) ) .
Education in India
Secondary education in India is examination - oriented and not course - based : students register for and take classes primarily to prepare for one of the centrally - administered examinations . Senior school or high school is split into 2 parts ( grades 9 - 10 and grades 11 - 12 ) with a standardized nationwide examination at the end of grade 10 and grade 12 ( usually informally referred to as `` board exams '' ) . Grade 10 examination results can be used for admission into grades 11 - 12 at a secondary school , pre-university program , or a vocational or technical school . Passing a grade 12 board examination leads to the granting of a secondary school completion diploma , which may be used for admission into vocational schools or universities in the country or the world . Most reputable universities in India require students to pass college - administered admissions tests in addition to passing a final secondary school examination for entry into a college or university . School grades are usually not sufficient for college admissions in India .
Rainbow
Up to eight separate bows may be distinguished if the reflected and reflection rainbows happen to occur simultaneously : The normal ( non-reflection ) primary and secondary bows above the horizon ( 1 , 2 ) with their reflected counterparts below it ( 3 , 4 ) , and the reflection primary and secondary bows above the horizon ( 5 , 6 ) with their reflected counterparts below it ( 7 , 8 ) .
Education in Bangladesh
Primary Level ( Class 1 -- 8 ) Secondary Level ( Class 9 -- 12 ) Tertiary Level
BuzzFeed
In December 2014 , growth equity firm General Atlantic acquired $50 M in secondary stock of the company .
Kenya
Primary school is for students aged 6 / 7 - 13 / 14 years . For those who proceed to the secondary level , there is a national examination at the end of Form Four -- the Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education ( KCSE ) , which determines those proceeding to the universities , other professional training or employment . Students sit examinations in eight subjects of their choosing . However , English , Kiswahili and mathematics are compulsory subjects .
Computer mouse
The left button usually controls primary fire . If the game supports multiple fire modes , the right button often provides secondary fire from the selected weapon . Games with only a single fire mode will generally map secondary fire to ironsights . In some games , the right button may also invoke accessories for a particular weapon , such as allowing access to the scope of a sniper rifle or allowing the mounting of a bayonet or silencer .
Boötes
Delta Boötis is a wide double star with a primary of magnitude 3.5 and a secondary of magnitude 7.8 . The primary is a yellow giant that has cooled and expanded to 10.4 times the diameter of the Sun . Of spectral class G8IV , it is around 121 light - years away , while the secondary is a yellow main sequence star of spectral type G0V . The two are thought to take 120,000 years to orbit each other .
Bachelor's degree
In Pakistan , arts , commerce and science colleges provide four - year bachelor 's degrees ( BA , BSc , BBA , BCom etc . ) . Generally these programs are of four years duration as elsewhere in the world and begin after completing higher secondary school education by receiving a Higher Secondary School Certificate ( HSSC ) acknowledging one 's twelve years of study by the respective board . After successful completion of these programs , a bachelor 's degree is awarded by the respective university . Engineering and medical colleges provide four and five - year degree programs respectively for bachelor 's degrees ( BE / BS / BSc Eng and MBBS ) that also begin after higher secondary school year 12 . The Bachelor of Architecture ( BArch ) degree program is of five years ' duration . Philippines
History of Mexico
The most important source of wealth in the first years after the conquest of central Mexico was the encomienda , a grant of the labor of a particular indigenous settlement to an individual Spanish and his heirs . Conquerors expected to receive these awards and conqueror Hernán Cortés in his letter to the Spanish king justified his own allocation of these grants . Spaniards were the recipients of traditional indigenous products that had been rendered in tribute to their local lords and to the Aztec empire . The first Spanish viceroy , Don Antonio de Mendoza has his name given to the title of an Aztec manuscript Codex Mendoza , that enumerates in glyphic form the types of tribute goods and amounts rendered from particular indigenous towns under Aztec rule . The earliest holders of encomiendas , the encomenderos were the conquerors involved in the campaign leading to the fall of Tenochtitlan , and later their heirs and people with influence but not conquerors . Forced labor could be directed toward developing land and industry in the area the Spanish encomenderos ' Indians lived . Land was a secondary source of wealth during this immediate conquest period . Where indigenous labor was absent or needed supplementing , the Spanish brought African slaves , often as skilled laborers or artisans , or as labor bosses of encomienda Indians .
Samoa
The Samoan government provides eight years of primary and secondary education that is tuition - free and is compulsory through age 16 .
Field-effect transistor
Even though the conductive channel formed by gate - to - source voltage no longer connects source to drain during saturation mode , carriers are not blocked from flowing . Considering again an n - channel enhancement - mode device , a depletion region exists in the p - type body , surrounding the conductive channel and drain and source regions . The electrons which comprise the channel are free to move out of the channel through the depletion region if attracted to the drain by drain - to - source voltage . The depletion region is free of carriers and has a resistance similar to silicon . Any increase of the drain - to - source voltage will increase the distance from drain to the pinch - off point , increasing the resistance of the depletion region in proportion to the drain - to - source voltage applied . This proportional change causes the drain - to - source current to remain relatively fixed , independent of changes to the drain - to - source voltage , quite unlike its ohmic behavior in the linear mode of operation . Thus , in saturation mode , the FET behaves as a constant - current source rather than as a resistor , and can effectively be used as a voltage amplifier . In this case , the gate - to - source voltage determines the level of constant current through the channel .
Spinal cord
In the dorsal column - medial leminiscus tract , a primary neuron 's axon enters the spinal cord and then enters the dorsal column . If the primary axon enters below spinal level T6 , the axon travels in the fasciculus gracilis , the medial part of the column . If the axon enters above level T6 , then it travels in the fasciculus cuneatus , which is lateral to the fasciculus gracilis . Either way , the primary axon ascends to the lower medulla , where it leaves its fasciculus and synapses with a secondary neuron in one of the dorsal column nuclei : either the nucleus gracilis or the nucleus cuneatus , depending on the pathway it took . At this point , the secondary axon leaves its nucleus and passes anteriorly and medially . The collection of secondary axons that do this are known as internal arcuate fibers . The internal arcuate fibers decussate and continue ascending as the contralateral medial lemniscus . Secondary axons from the medial lemniscus finally terminate in the ventral posterolateral nucleus ( VPLN ) of the thalamus , where they synapse with tertiary neurons . From there , tertiary neurons ascend via the posterior limb of the internal capsule and end in the primary sensory cortex .
Education in India
Education in the Republic of India Department of Education Minister of Human Resource Development Prakash Javadekar National education budget ( 2005 -- 2012 ) Budget ₹ 99,100 crore ( US $15 billion ) General details Primary languages English , or Indian languages System type Federal , State or Private Established Compulsory Education 1 April 2010 Literacy ( 2011 ) Total 74 % Male 82.2 % Female 65.5 % Enrollment Total ( N / A ) Primary 93 % Secondary 69 % Post secondary 25 %
Carbon dioxide
The concentration of secondary metabolites such as phenylpropanoids and flavonoids can also be altered in plants exposed to high concentrations of CO .
Education in Bangladesh
Eight region - based Boards of Intermediate and Secondary Education ( BISE ) are responsible for conducting the two public examinations :
Savannah, Georgia
Notable secondary schools in Savannah - Chatham County include the following . ( Public schools are indicated with an asterisk . )
Seat belt laws in the United States
1 Colorado and Missouri 's law is Secondary for adults but Primary for under the age of 16 .
Cell wall
Secondary walls - especially in grasses - may also contain microscopic silica crystals , which may strengthen the wall and protect it from herbivores .
Boötes
Xi Boötis is a quadruple star popular with amateur astronomers . The primary is a yellow star of magnitude 4.7 and the secondary is an orange star of magnitude 6.8 . The system is 22 light - years away and has an orbital period of 150 years . The primary and secondary have a separation of 6.7 arcseconds at an angle of 319 degrees . The tertiary is a magnitude 12.6 star ( though it may be observed to be brighter ) and the quaternary is a magnitude 13.6 star . Pi Boötis is a close triple star . The primary is a blue - white star of magnitude 4.9 , the secondary is a blue - white star of magnitude 5.8 , and the tertiary is a star of magnitude 10.4 . The primary and secondary components are separated by 5.6 arcseconds at an angle of 108 degrees ; the primary and tertiary components are separated by 128 arcseconds at an angle of 128 degrees . Zeta Boötis is a triple star that consists of a physical binary pair with an optical companion . Lying 205 light - years away from Earth , The physical pair has a period of 123.3 years and consists of a magnitude 4.5 and a magnitude 4.6 star . The two components are separated by 1.0 arcseconds at an angle of 303 degrees . The optical companion is of magnitude 10.9 , separated by 99.3 arcseconds at an angle of 259 degrees . 44 Boötis is an eclipsing variable star . The primary is of variable magnitude and the secondary is of magnitude 6.2 ; they have an orbital period of 225 years . The components are separated by 1.0 arcseconds at an angle of 40 degrees .
Education in Bangladesh
Education in People 's Republic of Bangladesh Ministry of Education Ministry of Primary and Mass Education Minister for Education Minister for Primary and Mass Education Nurul Islam Nahid Mostafizur Rahman National education budget ( 2015 ) Budget US $2.185 billion ( 172.951 billion Taka ) General details Primary languages Bengali , English System type National Established Compulsory Education 4 November 1972 Literacy ( 2015 + ) Total 75.4 % Male 77.1 % Female 71.5 % Enrollment Total 23,907,151 Primary 16,230,000 Secondary 7,400,000 Post secondary 277,151 Attainment Secondary diploma 335,454 Post-secondary diploma 86,948 `` Bangladesh Education Stats '' . NationMaster . Retrieved 12 September 2016 . `` Statistical Pocket Book - 2006 '' ( PDF ) . Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics . 2006 . Archived from the original ( PDF ) on 2007 - 09 - 28 . Retrieved 12 September 2016 . `` Bangladesh '' . World Factbook . CIA . 2016 . Retrieved 12 September 2016 .
Field-effect transistor
The FET controls the flow of electrons ( or electron holes ) from the source to drain by affecting the size and shape of a ' conductive channel ' created and influenced by voltage ( or lack of voltage ) applied across the gate and source terminals . ( For simplicity , this discussion assumes that the body and source are connected . ) This conductive channel is the `` stream '' through which electrons flow from source to drain . N
Phoebe Forrester
It has been suggested that this article be merged into The Bold and the Beautiful secondary characters . ( Discuss ) Proposed since June 2017 .