vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
List of Madagascar (franchise) characters
A long time ago , the Amarillo Kid challenged Private to a game of mini golf , back when Private was one of the best mini golf players and was known as Mr. Tux . Private quit after the game , which ended in a tie , because he had to hit a little possum girl 's ice cream cone ( it was a double scoop ) to tie it up . Though Private admitted that the pressure made him quit after all . Several years later in `` Mr. Tux , '' he arrived at the Central Park Zoo to challenge Private to a game to prove he 's the best . At first , Private refuses to fight him . Enraged by this , the Kid locked down the entire zoo and threatened to blow it up with a thermonuclear reactor . Private battles him , and though the game is close , Private wins with the help of a cricket he had saved early . Ashamed , the Amarillo Kid leaves .
Spice trade
It was during this time that Spanish and Portuguese explorers first set foot on the New World . Christopher Columbus was the first to do so in 1492 while sailing westward across the Atlantic Ocean on an expedition to the indies . Instead of reaching Asia , Colombus discovered the Americas , landing on an island in what is now the Bahamas . Believing to have in fact reached India , the crew named the natives `` Indians '' , a name which has continued in use to this day , to describe the indigenous peoples of the Americas . Just eight years later in 1500 , the Portuguese navigator , Pedro Álvares Cabral while attempting to reproduce Vasco da Gama 's Atlantic route to the Cape and India was blown westwards to what is today Brazil . After taking possession of the new land , Cabral resumed his voyage across the Atlantic to the southern tip of Africa and India , finally arriving there in September 1500 -- opening for the first time a route from the New World to Asia -- and returning to Portugal by 1501 .
History of Mexico
The capture of Tenochtitlan marked the beginning of a 300 - year colonial period , during which Mexico was known as `` New Spain '' ruled by a viceroy in the name of the Spanish monarch . Colonial Mexico had key elements to attract Spanish immigrants : ( 1 ) dense and politically complex indigenous populations ( especially in the central part ) that could be compelled to work , and ( 2 ) huge mineral wealth , especially major silver deposits in the northern regions Zacatecas and Guanajuato . The Viceroyalty of Peru also had those two important elements , so that New Spain and Peru were the seats of Spanish power and the source of its wealth , until other viceroyalties were created in Spanish South America in the late 18th century .
Seneca Falls Convention
The convention 's Declaration of Sentiments became `` the single most important factor in spreading news of the women 's rights movement around the country in 1848 and into the future '' , according to Judith Wellman , a historian of the convention . By the time of the National Women 's Rights Convention of 1851 , the issue of women 's right to vote had become a central tenet of the United States women 's rights movement . These conventions became annual events until the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861 .
History of the United States Constitution
On July 2 , the Convention for the fourth time considered a `` senate '' with equal state votes . This time a vote was taken , but it stalled again , tied at 5 yes , 5 no , 1 divided . The Convention elected one delegate out of the delegation of each state onto a Committee to make a proposal ; it reported July 5 . Nothing changed over five days . July 10 , Lansing and Yates ( NY ) quit the Convention in protest over the big state majorities repeatedly overrunning the small state delegations in vote after vote . No direct vote on the basis of ' senate ' representation was pushed on the floor for another week .
Spanish–American War
While tension increased among the Cubans and Spanish Government , popular support of intervention began to spring up in the United States , due to the emergence of the `` Cuba Libre '' movement and the fact that many Americans had drawn parallels between the American Revolution and the Cuban revolt , seeing the Spanish Government as the tyrannical colonial oppressor . Historian Louis Pérez notes that `` The proposition of war in behalf of Cuban independence took hold immediately and held on thereafter . Such was the sense of the public mood . '' At the time many poems and songs were written in the United States to express support of the `` Cuba Libre '' movement . At the same time , many African Americans , facing growing racial discrimination and increasing retardation of their civil rights , wanted to take part in the war because they saw it as a way to advance the cause of equality , service to country hopefully helping to gain political and public respect amongst the wider population .
Dada
There is no consensus on the origin of the movement 's name ; a common story is that the Austrian artist Richard Huelsenbeck plunged a knife at random into a dictionary , where it landed on `` dada '' , a colloquial French term for a hobby horse . Others note that it suggests the first words of a child , evoking a childishness and absurdity that appealed to the group . Still others speculate that the word might have been chosen to evoke a similar meaning ( or no meaning at all ) in any language , reflecting the movement 's internationalism .
Prime Minister of India
The 7 , Lok Kalyan Marg ( earlier name was Race Course Road ) in New Delhi , serves as the official place of residence for the Prime Minister of India . For ground travel , the Prime Minister uses the highly modified armoured BMW 7 Series ( F01 ) , while for air travel , an aircraft designated by the call sign Air India One is used . The Special Protection Group is charged with protecting the sitting Prime Minister and his / her family .
Swadeshi movement
The action of the authorities led to a movement among the students to boycott the Calcutta University which they described as Gulamkhana ( House of manufacturing slaves ) . At a conference attended by a large number of very eminent men of Bengal in different walks of life held on 10 November 1905 , it was decided to establish at once a National Council of Education in order to organize a system of education -- literary , scientific and technical -- on national lines and under national control . The number of national schools also grew apace with time .
New Spain
The crown created the first mainland high court , or Audiencia , in 1527 to regain control of the administration of New Spain from Cortés , who as the premier conqueror of the Aztec empire , was ruling in the name of the king but without crown oversight or control . An earlier Audiencia had been established in Santo Domingo in 1526 to deal with the Caribbean settlements . That court , housed in the Casa Reales in Santo Domingo , was charged with encouraging further exploration and settlements with the authority granted it by the crown . Management by the Audiencia , which was expected to make executive decisions as a body , proved unwieldy . Therefore , in 1535 , King Charles V named Don Antonio de Mendoza as the first Viceroy of New Spain .
One World Trade Center
A report in September 2013 revealed that , at the time of the report , the World Trade Center Association ( WTCA ) was negotiating with regard to the `` World Trade Center '' name , as the WTCA had purchased the rights to the name in 1986 . The WTCA sought $500,000 worth of free office space in the tower in exchange for the use of `` World Trade Center '' in the tower 's name and associated souvenirs .
Dutch East India Company
However , the writing was on the wall . Other companies , like the French East India Company and the Danish East India Company also started to make inroads on the Dutch system . The VOC therefore closed the heretofore flourishing open pepper emporium of Bantam by a treaty of 1684 with the Sultan . Also , on the Coromandel Coast , it moved its chief stronghold from Pulicat to Negapatnam , so as to secure a monopoly on the pepper trade at the detriment of the French and the Danes . However , the importance of these traditional commodities in the Asian - European trade was diminishing rapidly at the time . The military outlays that the VOC needed to make to enhance its monopoly were not justified by the increased profits of this declining trade .
Federalism in India
States are at liberty to manage their finances as long it is not leading to financial emergency per Article 360 . Instead , the Government of India is trying to impose uniform taxation laws throughout India and trying to take over of tax collection mechanism of states without regards for the positive and negative inherent aspects of each state which are to be addressed by each state from time to time . Recently Supreme court upheld the constitutional right of states to impose Entry Tax which is against the principle of GST .
Climate of India
Tectonic movement by the Indian Plate caused it to pass over a geologic hotspot -- the Réunion hotspot -- now occupied by the volcanic island of Réunion . This resulted in a massive flood basalt event that laid down the Deccan Traps some 60 -- 68 Ma , at the end of the Cretaceous period . This may have contributed to the global Cretaceous -- Paleogene extinction event , which caused India to experience significantly reduced insolation . Elevated atmospheric levels of sulphur gases formed aerosols such as sulphur dioxide and sulphuric acid , similar to those found in the atmosphere of Venus ; these precipitated as acid rain . Elevated carbon dioxide emissions also contributed to the greenhouse effect , causing warmer weather that lasted long after the atmospheric shroud of dust and aerosols had cleared . Further climatic changes 20 million years ago , long after India had crashed into the Laurasian landmass , were severe enough to cause the extinction of many endemic Indian forms . The formation of the Himalayas resulted in blockage of frigid Central Asian air , preventing it from reaching India ; this made its climate significantly warmer and more tropical in character than it would otherwise have been .
Institute of Chartered Accountants of India
In the year 1930 it was decided that the Government of India should maintain a register called the Register of Accountants . Any person whose name was entered in such register was called a Registered Accountant . Later on a board called the Indian Accountancy Board was established to advise the Governor General of India on accountancy and the qualifications for auditors . However it was felt that the accountancy profession was largely unregulated , and this caused lots of confusion as regards the qualifications of auditors . Hence in the year 1948 , just after independence in 1947 , an expert committee was created to look into the matter . This expert committee recommended that a separate autonomous association of accountants should be formed to regulate the profession . The Government of India accepted the recommendation and passed the Chartered Accountants Act in 1949 even before India became a republic . Under section 3 of the said Act , ICAI is established as a body corporate with perpetual succession and a common seal .
Wikipedia:Citing sources
name of the composer ( s ) , songwriter ( s ) , script writer ( s ) or the like name of the performer ( s ) title of the song or individual track in quotation marks title of the album in italics ( if applicable ) name of the record label year of release medium ( for example : LP , audio cassette , CD , MP3 file ) approximate time at which event or point of interest occurs , where appropriate
Labour in India
The labour laws of India originated and express the socio - political views of leaders such as Nehru from pre-1947 independence movement struggle . These laws were expanded in part after debates in Constituent Assemblies and in part from international conventions and recommendations such as of International Labour Organisation . The current mosaic of Indian laws on employment are thus a combination of India 's history during its colonial heritage , India 's experiments with socialism , important human rights and the conventions and standards that have emerged from the United Nations . The laws cover the right to work of one 's choice , right against discrimination , prohibition of child labour , fair and humane conditions of work , social security , protection of wages , redress of grievances , right to organise and form trade unions , collective bargaining and participation in management .
Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War
Opposition to the war arose during a time of unprecedented student activism , which followed the free speech movement and the Civil Rights Movement . The military draft mobilized the baby boomers , who were most at risk , but it grew to include a varied cross-section of Americans . The growing opposition to the Vietnam War was partly attributed to greater access to uncensored information through extensive television coverage on the ground in Vietnam .
Mount Everest
Waugh argued that because there were many local names , it would be difficult to favour one name over all others , so he decided that Peak XV should be named after Welsh surveyor Sir George Everest , his predecessor as Surveyor General of India . Everest himself opposed the name suggested by Waugh and told the Royal Geographical Society in 1857 that `` Everest '' could not be written in Hindi nor pronounced by `` the native of India '' . Waugh 's proposed name prevailed despite the objections , and in 1865 , the Royal Geographical Society officially adopted Mount Everest as the name for the highest mountain in the world . The modern pronunciation of Everest ( / ˈɛv ( ə ) rɪst / ) is different from Sir George 's pronunciation of his surname ( / ˈiːvrɪst / EEV - rist ) .
Swadeshi movement
The original conception of Boycott was mainly an economic one . It had two distinct , but allied purposes in view . The first was to bring pressure upon the British public by the pecuniary loss they would suffer by the boycott of British goods , particularly the Manchester cotton goods for which Bengal provided the richest market in India . Secondly , it was regarded as essential for the revival of indigenous industry which being at its infant stage could never grow in the face of free competition with foreign countries which had highly developed industry .
Indus River
Megasthenes 's book Indica derives its name from the river 's Greek name , `` Indós '' ( Ἰνδός ) , and describes Nearchus 's contemporaneous account of how Alexander the Great crossed the river . The ancient Greeks referred to the Indians ( people of present - day northwest India and Pakistan ) as `` Indói '' ( Ἰνδοί ) , literally meaning `` the people of the Indus '' .
Qing dynasty
The Qing organization of provinces was based on the fifteen administrative units set up by the Ming dynasty , later made into eighteen provinces by splitting for example , Huguang into Hubei and Hunan provinces . The provincial bureaucracy continued the Yuan and Ming practice of three parallel lines , civil , military , and censorate , or surveillance . Each province was administered by a governor ( 巡撫 , xunfu ) and a provincial military commander ( 提督 , tidu ) . Below the province were prefectures ( 府 , fu ) operating under a prefect ( 知府 , zhīfǔ ) , followed by subprefectures under a subprefect . The lowest unit was the county , overseen by a county magistrate . The eighteen provinces are also known as `` China proper '' . The position of viceroy or governor - general ( 總督 , zongdu ) was the highest rank in the provincial administration . There were eight regional viceroys in China proper , each usually took charge of two or three provinces . The Viceroy of Zhili , who was responsible for the area surrounding the capital Beijing , is usually considered as the most honorable and powerful viceroy among the eight .
Chennai
Being the capital of the Madras Province that covered a vast area of the Deccan region , Chennai remained the centre of politics in the southern region of India during the British colonial era . After Independence , it remained the centre of political activities of the state of Tamil Nadu . Chennai is the birthplace of the idea of the Indian National Congress , commonly known as the Congress Party . Founded by Indian and British members of the Theosophical Society movement , most notably A.O. Hume , the idea was originally conceived in a private meeting of 17 men after a Theosophical Convention held in the city in December 1884 . During the first 50 years of the Indian National Congress , the city played host to its conferences seven times in 1887 , 1894 , 1898 , 1903 , 1908 , 1914 and 1927 , becoming one of the strong bases for the Indian independence movement . After independence , the city hosted the Congress in 1955 in its suburb of Avadi .
Sanjay Leela Bhansali
He is an alumnus of the Film and Television Institute of India . He is the founder of the production house Bhansali Productions . Bhansali has adopted the middle name `` Leela '' as a tribute to his mother ,
Supreme Court of India
The Supreme Court of India came into being on 28 January 1950 . It replaced both the Federal Court of India and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council which were then at the apex of the Indian court system .
Independence Day (India)
Independence Day , one of the three National holidays in India ( the other two being the Republic Day on 26 January and Mahatma Gandhi 's birthday on 2 October ) , is observed in all Indian states and union territories . On the eve of Independence Day , the President of India delivers the `` Address to the Nation '' . On 15 August , the prime minister hoists the Indian flag on the ramparts of the historical site Red Fort in Delhi . Twenty - one gun shots are fired in honour of the solemn occasion . In his speech , the prime minister highlights the past year 's achievements , raises important issues and calls for further development . He pays tribute to the leaders of the Indian independence movement . The Indian national anthem , `` Jana Gana Mana '' , is sung . The speech is followed by march past of divisions of the Indian Armed Forces and paramilitary forces . Parades and pageants showcase scenes from the independence struggle and India 's diverse cultural traditions . Similar events take place in state capitals where the Chief Ministers of individual states unfurl the national flag , followed by parades and pageants .
History of India
For two and a half centuries from the mid 13th century , politics in Northern India was dominated by the Delhi Sultanate , and in Southern India by the Vijayanagar Empire , which originated as a political heir of the Hoysala Empire and Pandyan Empire . However , there were other regional powers present as well . The Reddy dynasty successfully defeated the Delhi Sultanate ; and extended their rule from Cuttack in the north to Kanchi in the south , eventually being absorbed into the expanding Vijayanagara Empire . In the north , the Rajput kingdoms remained the dominant force in Western and Central India . Their power reached its zenith under Rana Sanga , during whose time Rajput armies were constantly victorious against the Sultanate armies . In the south , the Bahmani Sultanate was the chief rival of the Vijayanagara , and frequently created difficulties for the Vijayanagara . In the early 16th century Krishnadevaraya of the Vijayanagar Empire defeated the last remnant of Bahmani Sultanate power , after which the Bahmani Sultanate collapsed . It was established either by a Brahman convert or patronised by a Brahman and from that source it was given the name Bahmani . In the early 16th century , it collapsed and split into five small Deccan sultanates .
History of India
A disaster of the first magnitude for the Dutch , the battle of Colachel shattered for all time their dream of the conquest of Kerala .
Military history of Italy during World War II
Fought from February to March , the outcome of the Battle of Keren determined the fate of Italian East Africa . In early April , after Keren fell , Asmara and Massawa followed . The Ethiopian capital of Addis Ababa also fell in April 1941 . The Viceroy of Ethiopia , Amedeo , Duke of Aosta , surrendered at the stronghold of Amba Alagi in May . He received full military honours . The Italians in East Africa made a final stand around the town of Gondar in November 1941 .
Solicitor General of India
The Solicitor General of India is below the Attorney General for India , who is the Indian government 's chief legal advisor , and its primary lawyer in the Supreme Court of India . The Solicitor General of India is appointed for the period of 3 years . The Solicitor General of India is the secondary law officer of the country , assists the Attorney General , and is himself assisted by several Additional Solicitors General of India . Ranjit Kumar is the present Solicitor General who was appointed so on 7 June 2014 Like the Attorney General for India , the Solicitor General and the Additional Solicitors General advise the Government and appear on behalf of the Union of India in terms of the Law Officers ( Terms and Conditions ) Rules , 1972 . However , unlike the post of Attorney General for India , which is a Constitutional post under Article 76 of the Constitution of India , the posts of the Solicitor General and the Additional Solicitors General are merely statutory . Appointments Committee of the Cabinet appoints the Solicitor General . Whereas Attorney General for India is appointed by the President under Article 76 ( 1 ) of the Constitution , the solicitor general of India is appointed to assist the attorney general along with four additional solicitors general by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet . The proposal for appointment of Solicitor General , Additional Solicitor General is generally moved at the , level of Joint secretary / Law Secretary in the Department of Legal Affairs and after obtaining the approval of the Minister of Law & Justice , the proposal is sent to the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet for its approval . He resigned from his position on 20 October 2017 .
Freedom of religion in the United States
Anti-Catholic animus in the United States reached a peak in the 19th century when the Protestant population became alarmed by the influx of Catholic immigrants . Some American Protestants , having an increased interest in prophecies regarding the end of time , claimed that the Catholic Church was the Whore of Babylon in the Book of Revelation . The resulting `` nativist '' movement , which achieved prominence in the 1840s , was whipped into a frenzy of anti-Catholicism that led to mob violence , the burning of Catholic property , and the killing of Catholics . This violence was fed by claims that Catholics were destroying the culture of the United States . The nativist movement found expression in a national political movement called the Know - Nothing Party of the 1850s , which ( unsuccessfully ) ran former president Millard Fillmore as its presidential candidate in 1856 .
Allies of World War II
The Chetniks , the short name given to the movement titled the Yugoslav Army of the Fatherland , were initially a major Allied Yugoslav resistance movement . However , due to their royalist and anti-communist views , Chetniks were considered to have begun collaborating with the Axis as a tactical move to focus on destroying their Partisan rivals . The Chetniks presented themselves as a Yugoslav movement , but were primarily a Serb movement . They reached their peak in 1943 with 93,000 fighters . Their major contribution was Operation Halyard in 1944 . In collaboration with the OSS , 413 Allied airmen shot down over Yugoslavia were rescued and evacuated .