vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Arizona
Arizona was the site of German POW camps during World War II and Japanese - American internment camps . Because of wartime fears of Japanese invasion of the West Coast , the government authorized the removal of all Japanese - American residents from western Washington , western Oregon , all of California , and western Arizona . From 1942 to 1945 , they were forced to reside in internment camps built in the interior of the country . Many lost their homes and businesses in the process . The camps were abolished after World War II .
Brad Dourif
In 2013 , after a three - decade absence from the stage , Dourif chose to star alongside Amanda Plummer in the Off - Broadway revival of Tennessee Williams ' The Two - Character Play that played to critical acclaim at the New World Stages . He explained , in a filmed interview released by the producers , why he broke his 29 - year hiatus from acting in live theater : `` I hated the stage , did not want to do it . And then somebody said , ' Will you do a play ? It 's with Amanda Plummer ' , and I said , ' Oh shit ! No . Oh God , I 'm gon na have to do this ... ' '' . It opened on June 10 , 2013 and closed on September 29 , 2013 . The play was subject to a number of performance cancellations , one relating to Dourif 's absence , due to a death in the family . Plummer refused to perform without Dourif , notwithstanding the presence of an understudy .
Look What You Made Me Do
In the United Kingdom , `` Look What You Made Me Do '' sold 20,000 copies and was streamed 2.4 million times in less than a week . The song debuted at the top the UK Singles Chart on September 1 , 2017 - for the week ending date September 7 , 2017 - with opening sales of 30,000 copies and 5.3 million streams within the week and becoming Swift 's first chart - topping song in Britain . After two weeks at the top spot , it was displaced by Sam Smith 's `` Too Good at Goodbyes '' .
Arizona
The Federal government declared a new U.S. Arizona Territory , consisting of the western half of earlier New Mexico Territory , in Washington , D.C. , on February 24 , 1863 . These new boundaries would later form the basis of the state . The first territorial capital , Prescott , was founded in 1864 following a gold rush to central Arizona .
Grey's Anatomy (season 13)
Caterina Scorsone said that Amelia would be `` the middle - person between her sisters should the Riggs news come out . '' She confirmed that the season premiere will pick up right after where the finale ended and that Justin Chambers ' character Alex and his storyline with girlfriend Jo would play a bigger part of the premiere , in addition that Amelia and Kevin McKidd 's character Owen would not be much in the premiere . Jessica Capshaw will not be in the first two episodes , confirmed by Rhimes , because of wanting to be a little more with her kids . Rhimes reported that Capshaw 's character Dr. Arizona Robbins will have a new love interest .
Southwestern United States
There is a large contingent of snakes native to the region . Among them include : the rosy boa ( Lichanura trivirgata ) ; several sub-species of the glossy snake ( Arizona elegans ) ; the Trans - Pecos ratsnake ( Bogertophis subocularis ) ; several sub-species of shovel - nosed snakes ; several sub-species of kingsnake , including the desert kingsnake ( Lampropeltis getula splendida ) and the Arizona mountain kingsnake ( Lampropeltis pyromelana ) ; the Arizona coral snake ( Micruroides euryxanthus ) ; the western diamondback rattlesnake ( Crotalus atrox ) ; the Trans - Pecos copperhead ( Agkistrodon contortrix pictigaster ) ; the Sonoran sidewinder ( Crotalus cerastes cercobombus ) ; the Arizona black rattlesnake ( Crotalus oreganus cerberus ) ; the western rattlesnake ( Crotalus viridis ) ; the Grand Canyon rattlesnake ( Crotalus oreganus abyssus ) , found only in Arizona ; several sub-species of the ridge - nosed rattlesnake ( Crotalus willardi ) , the most recent rattlesnake species to be discovered in the United States , including the New Mexico ridge - nosed rattlesnake ( Crotalus willardi obscurus ) , and the Arizona ridge - nosed rattlesnake , the state reptile of Arizona ; and the desert massasauga ( Sistrurus catenatus edwardsii ) .
The Raven
In the summer of 1844 , when the poem was likely written , Poe , his wife , and mother - in - law were boarding at the farmhouse of Patrick Brennan . The location of the house , which was demolished in 1888 , has been a disputed point and , while there are two different plaques marking its supposed location on West 84th Street , it most likely stood where 206 West 84th Street is now .
List of locations in Pirates of the Caribbean
Isla de Muerta is an island featured in The Curse of the Black Pearl . It is a mysterious land where the Black Pearl 's pirate crew hide their looted treasure . It is the location of the Aztec treasure that has cursed Hector Barbossa and the other members of his crew .
Education reform
It has been shown that some school districts do not use their funds in the most productive way . For example , according to a 2007 article in the Washington Post , the Washington , D.C. public school district spends $12,979 per student per year . This is the third highest level of funding per student out of the 100 biggest school districts in the United States . Despite this high level of funding , the school district provides outcomes that are lower than the national average . In reading and math , the district 's students score the lowest among 11 major school districts -- even when poor children are compared only with other poor children . 33 % of poor fourth graders in the United States lack basic skills in math , but in Washington , D.C. , it 's 62 % . According to a 2006 study by the Goldwater Institute , Arizona 's public schools spend 50 % more per student than Arizona 's private schools . The study also says that while teachers constitute 72 % of the employees at private schools , they make up less than half of the staff at public schools . According to the study , if Arizona 's public schools wanted to be like private schools , they would have to hire approximately 25,000 more teachers , and eliminate 21,210 administration employees . The study also said that public school teachers are paid about 50 % more than private school teachers .
Arizona
As of the year 2010 , the Association of Religion Data Archives reported that the three largest denominational groups in Arizona were the Catholic Church , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - Day Saints and non-denominational Evangelical Protestants . The Catholic Church has the highest number of adherents in Arizona ( at 930,001 ) , followed by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - day Saints with 410,263 members reported and then non-denominational Evangelical Protestants , reporting 281,105 adherents . The religious body with the largest number of congregations is The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter - day Saints ( with 836 congregations ) followed by the Southern Baptist Convention ( with 323 congregations ) .
Internet privacy
There is controversy over where the line should be drawn on the use of this technology . Cookies store unique identifiers on a person 's computer that are used to predict what one wants . Many advertisement companies want to use this technology to track what their customers are looking at online . Evercookies enable advertisers to continue to track a customer regardless of if one deletes their cookies or not . Some companies are already using this technology but the ethics are still being widely debated . Criticism
No-hitter
The New York Mets , who began play in 1962 , went without a no - hitter until Johan Santana pitched one on the night of June 1 , 2012 , against the St. Louis Cardinals at home at Citi Field . The 8 -- 0 victory closed out their era as the oldest franchise without a no - hitter and ended a drought that lasted 8,019 regular - season and 74 post-season games . Mets pitchers have thrown 39 one - hitters .
Centrifugal force
In a rotating reference frame , all objects , regardless of their state of motion , appear to be under the influence of a radially ( from the axis of rotation ) outward force that is proportional to their mass , to the distance from the axis of rotation of the frame , and to the square of the angular velocity of the frame . This is the centrifugal force .
Albuquerque, New Mexico
`` Hungry , Hungry Homer '' , the 15th episode of the twelfth season of The Simpsons , features Albuquerque as the location where the owners of the Springfield Isotopes baseball team wish to relocate . The real Albuquerque Isotopes Minor League team 's name was inspired by the episode .
Philippines
The earliest legendary date mentioning the Rajahnate of Maynila ( c. 1258 -- 1571 ) on the island of Luzon across the Pasig River from Tondo has to do with the naval victory of the Bruneian Rajah Ahmad over the Majapahit Rajah Avirjirkaya , who ruled a prior pre-Muslim settlement in the same location . Chinese records of this period also mention a polity called `` Luzon . '' This is believed to be a reference to Maynila since Portuguese and Spanish accounts from the 1520s explicitly state that `` Luçon '' and `` Maynila '' were `` one and the same '' , although some historians argue that since none of these observers actually visited Maynila , `` Luçon '' may simply have referred to all the Tagalog and Kapampangan polities that rose up on the shores of Manila Bay . Either way , from the early 1500s to as late as the 1560s , this seafaring people was referred to in Portuguese Malacca as Luções , and they participated in trading ventures and military campaigns in Myanmar , Malacca and East Timor where they were employed as traders and mercenaries .
History of the Buffalo Bills
On March 7 , 2009 the Buffalo Bills made a major splash in the free agency market when it acquired veteran wide receiver Terrell Owens , who had recently been released by the Dallas Cowboys and is known as much for his elaborate touchdown celebrations as he is for his on - the - field play . Owens was signed to a one - year deal . In addition , former starting quarterback J.P. Losman , by this point relegated to third string behind Trent Edwards and Gibran Hamdan , was allowed to become a free agent . In the first round of the 2009 NFL Draft , the Bills selected defensive end / linebacker Aaron Maybin from Penn State with the 11th overall pick and center Eric Wood of Louisville with the 28th overall pick . Buffalo also selected free safety Jarius Byrd of Oregon , guard Andy Levitre of Oregon State , tight end Shawn Nelson of Southern Mississippi , and cornerbacks Cary Harris of USC and Ellis Lankster of West Virginia . As the season began , Terrell Owens proved to disappoint for most of the season , and the offensive line suffered from severe turnover , leading the team to stumble to a 3 -- 6 start , after which the Bills fired head coach Dick Jauron midseason . Overall , Owens ' stats for 2009 were modest : 829 yards and five TDs . The season opener against New England was a loss , although Buffalo 's morale was raised by the fact that it was only by a single point . Other notable games included a 16 -- 13 OT victory over the Jets in Week 6 , and the Week 10 game against Tennessee , where that team 's owner Bud Adams made an obscene gesture at Bills fans and was fined $250,000 . The Week 13 game against the Jets was an international series match held across the border in Toronto . In Week 15 , the Bills hosted New England , but despite optimistic predictions , fell 17 -- 10 , marking the fifth season in a row where they lost both matches against the Patriots . This completely eliminated Buffalo from playoff contention and marked their tenth consecutive season without a playoff appearance . On the season ender , they `` routed '' the 14 -- 1 Indianapolis Colts 30 -- 7 to end the year at 6 -- 10 , however , it should be noted that Peyton Manning was benched early due to this being a meaningless game for the playoff bound Colts .
Child labour
Similarly , in 1996 , member countries of the European Union , per Directive 94 / 33 / EC , agreed to a number of exceptions for young people in its child labour laws . Under these rules , children of various ages may work in cultural , artistic , sporting or advertising activities if authorised by the competent authority . Children above the age of 13 may perform light work for a limited number of hours per week in other economic activities as defined at the discretion of each country . Additionally , the European law exception allows children aged 14 years or over to work as part of a work / training scheme . The EU Directive clarified that these exceptions do not allow child labour where the children may experience harmful exposure to dangerous substances . Nonetheless , many children under the age of 13 do work , even in the most developed countries of the EU . For instance , a recent study showed over a third of Dutch twelve - year - old kids had a job , the most common being babysitting .
How Do You Like Me Now?! (song)
`` How Do You Like Me Now ? ! '' debuted at number 57 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of November 20 , 1999 .
The Piano Lesson
Set in 1936 Pittsburgh during the aftermath of the Great Depression , The Piano Lesson follows the lives of the Charles family in the Doaker Charles household and an heirloom , the family piano . The play focuses on the arguments between a brother and a sister who have different ideas on what to do with the piano . The brother , Boy Willie , is a sharecropper who wants to sell the piano to buy the land ( Sutter 's land ) where his ancestors toiled as slaves . The sister , Berniece , remains emphatic about keeping the piano , which shows the carved faces of their great - grandfather 's wife and son during the days of their enslavement .
Timeline of young people's rights in the United Kingdom
1601 Elizabethan Poor Law The Poor Law was the social security system operating in England and Wales from the 16th century until the establishment of the Welfare State in the 20th century . The Impotent poor was a classification of poverty used to refer to those poor considered deserving of poor relief ; a vagrant was a person who could work , but preferred not to . The law did not distinguish between the impotent poor and the criminal , so both received the same punishments . The law provided for `` the putting out of children to be apprentices '' . 17th century Where an unmarried mother concealed the death of her baby , she was presumed guilty of infanticide unless she could prove that the baby was born dead . This requirement that the defendant prove her innocence was a reversal of the normal practice of requiring the prosecution to prove the defendant 's guilt . Women were acquitted of this charge if they could demonstrate that they had prepared for the birth of the baby , for example by acquiring bedding . In 1678 children aged 10 were deemed able to engage in consensual sex . 1732 -- 1744 Bastardy In 1732 , a woman pregnant with a `` bastard '' was required to declare the fact and to name the father . In 1733 , the putative father became responsible for maintaining his illegitimate child ; failing to do so could result in gaol . The parish would then support the mother and child , until the father agreed to do so , whereupon he would reimburse the parish -- although this rarely happened . In 1744 , a bastard took the ' settlement ' of its mother ( under the Poor Law , a person 's place of origin or later established residence , being the parish responsible for the person if destitute ) regardless of where the child was actually born . Previously , a bastard took settlement from its place of birth . The mother was to be publicly whipped . 1739 The Foundling Hospital Established in London by the philanthropic sea captain Thomas Coram as a home for the `` education and maintenance of exposed and deserted young children . '' Children were seldom taken after they were twelve months old . On reception they were sent to wet nurses in the countryside , where they stayed until they were about four or five years old .
Northern cardinal
The northern cardinal is a territorial song bird . The male sings in a loud , clear whistle from the top of a tree or another high location to defend his territory . He will chase off other males entering his territory . He may mistake his image on various reflective surfaces as an invading male , and will fight his reflection relentlessly . The northern cardinal learns its songs , and as a result the songs vary regionally . Mated pairs often travel together . Also , the songs of a northern cardinal will usually overlap more in syllables when compared to other northern cardinals near it than those far away from it . The
Arizona
Arizona became a U.S. state on February 14 , 1912 . Arizona was the 48th state admitted to the U.S. and the last of the contiguous states to be admitted . Eleanor
Southern United States
The northern Democrats ' support of civil rights issues culminated when Democratic President Lyndon B. Johnson signed into law the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 , which ended legal segregation and provided federal enforcement of voting rights for blacks . In the presidential election of 1964 , Barry Goldwater 's only electoral victories outside his home state of Arizona were in the states of the Deep South where few blacks could vote before the 1965 Voting Rights Act .
Migration in China
In the mid 19th century , arriving with an Amban , a community of Chinese troops from Sichuan who married Tibetan women settled down in the Lubu neighborhood of Lhasa , where their descendants established a community and assimilated into Tibetan culture . Hebalin was the location of where Chinese Muslim troops and their offspring lived , while Lubu was the place where Han Chinese troops and their offspring lived .
Partial melting
Partial melting is an important consideration in geology with respect to the chemical differentiation of crustal rocks . Virtually all rocks on Earth derive from material from the interior of the earth that has been partially melted . The main places where partial melting occurs are subduction zones , mid-ocean ridges and hotspots . In all these places partial melting is often associated with volcanism , although some melts do not make it to the surface . Partial melts are thought to play an important role in enriching old parts of the continental lithosphere in incompatible elements . Partial melts produced at depth move upwards due to the compaction of the surrounding matrix .
Arizona
Arizona 's executive branch is headed by a governor , who is elected to a four - year term . The governor may serve any number of terms , though no more than two in a row . Arizona is one of the few states that does not maintain a governor 's mansion . During office the governors reside within their private residence , and all executive offices are housed in the executive tower at the state capitol . The current governor of Arizona is Doug Ducey ( R ) .
Ablative (Latin)
Ablative of place where marks a location where an action occurred . It usually appears with a preposition , such as in , but not always ; e.g. , hōc locō `` in this place '' Ablative of time when and within which marks the time when or within which an action occurred . E.g. , aestāte , `` in summer '' ; eō tempore , `` at that time '' ; paucīs hōrīs id faciet , `` within a few hours he will do it . '' Compare with the accusative of time , which was used for duration of time and -- in classical Latin , following Greek -- for dates of the form ante diem N. Kal. / Non. / Id . ( In early Latin , such dates were given in the ablative instead . ) Ablative absolute describes the circumstances surrounding an action ; e.g. , urbe captā , cīvēs fūgērunt , `` with the city having been captured , the citizens fled . ''
Guardians of the Galaxy (film)
In January 2013 , filming was scheduled to take place at Shepperton Studios in London , United Kingdom , and Marvel Studios announced that the film would be released in 3D . Victoria Alonso , an executive producer on the film , said that filming would begin in June . She also said that both Rocket Raccoon and Groot would be created through a combination of CGI and motion capture , going on to say that `` You ca n't do any motion capture with a raccoon -- they wo n't let you put the suit on . But we will do rotomation , probably , for some of the behavior ... we definitely will have performers to emulate what James Gunn will lead to be , the behavior and the performance . He 's very clear on where he wants to take the characters . '' In March 2013 , Feige discussed Guardians of the Galaxy in relation to the Marvel Cinematic Universe , saying , `` It 's much more of a standalone film . It takes place in the same universe . And when we 've been on the other side of that universe in other movies , you might see those characteristics in Guardians , but the Avengers are not involved with what 's happening out there at this time . '' Feige also stated that 95 % of the film would take place in space . In mid-March , Dave Bautista was signed to play Drax the Destroyer . Other actors who had been considered for the role included Isaiah Mustafa , Brian Patrick Wade and Jason Momoa . By the following week , sculptor Brian Muir , who sculpted Darth Vader 's mask for the Star Wars films , was revealed to be working on the film .
Agent Orange
The United States local press KPHO - TV in Phoenix , Arizona , alleged ( in 2011 ) that the United States Army had in 1978 buried 250 drums of Agent Orange in Camp Carroll , the U.S. Army base in Gyeongsangbuk - do , Korea .
Carbon dioxide
Liquid and solid carbon dioxide are important refrigerants , especially in the food industry , where they are employed during the transportation and storage of ice cream and other frozen foods . Solid carbon dioxide is called `` dry ice '' and is used for small shipments where refrigeration equipment is not practical . Solid carbon dioxide is always below − 78.5 ° C at regular atmospheric pressure , regardless of the air temperature .
Speed of light
It is generally assumed that fundamental constants such as c have the same value throughout spacetime , meaning that they do not depend on location and do not vary with time . However , it has been suggested in various theories that the speed of light may have changed over time . No conclusive evidence for such changes has been found , but they remain the subject of ongoing research .
Miranda v. Arizona
Berghuis v. Thompkins ( 2010 ) is a ruling where the Supreme Court held that a suspect 's `` ambiguous or equivocal '' statement or no statements do not mean that police must end an interrogation . At least one scholar has argued that Thompkins effectively gutted Miranda . In The Right to Remain Silent , Charles Weisselberg wrote that `` the majority in Thompkins rejected the fundamental underpinnings of Miranda v. Arizona 's prophylactic rule and established a new one that fails to protect the rights of suspects '' and that `` But in Thompkins , neither Michigan nor the Solicitor General were able to cite any decision in which a court found that a suspect had given an implied waiver after lengthy questioning . Thompkins persevered for almost three hours before succumbing to his interrogators . In finding a waiver on these facts , Thompkins gives us an implied waiver doctrine on steroids . ''