vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Active Transportation Program (ATP) | Rebuilding CA
The new bikeway connects the communities of Baldwin Park, El Monte, South El Monte, and West Covina.Key BenefitsIncreased visibility of pedestrians for motorists.Reduced time for pedestrians to cross the street.Improved access to safe facilities for pedestrians, bicyclists, and disabled individuals.Safer pathways for bicyclists.More connected communities.Project Stats2 Through lanes (plus 1 turning lane)36 Pedestrian countdown signals1 New traffic signal2.6 Miles of Class IV bikeway added25 Number of new ADA accessible curb ramps100% Portion of funds spent within a disadvantaged communityShasta Safe Routes to School ProgramThis project sought to encourage more students in Cascade Union Elementary District, Redding School District, and the Shasta Union High School District to walk and bike to school. The program held regular walk-to-school and bike-to-school days and school celebrations. It also offered safety education to students in grades k-12 at 10 elementary and middle schools, along with two high schools.
The 2024-25 Budget: California State University
When the Legislature sets enrollment growth expectations for CSU in the state budget, it intends for CSU to add more students. The majority of the increase in FTE students that CSU is reporting in 2023‑24 is unrelated to adding more students and instead stems from shifting summer courses from self‑supported to state‑supported. This approach to enrollment growth does not appear to align with legislative intent. Moreover, given the state’s projected budget deficits, the state likely cannot afford to begin supporting activities that were previously self‑supported. Based on the decline in self‑supported enrollment from the previous summer, we estimate CSU shifted 4,705 resident FTE students from self‑supported to state‑supported in summer 2023. If not for this shift, we estimate CSU would be enrolling only 363,337 resident FTE students in 2023‑24—23,777 students fewer than its funded enrollment target. 
Enrollment Growth Is Likely to Be Relatively Low in 2024‑25. While the 2024‑25 admissions cycle remains in its early stages, early indicators suggest CSU could see some growth from its current enrollment level. The growth rate likely would not be large, as potential increases in new freshman could be offset by continued challenges related to new transfer students and continuing students. 

New Freshmen. The number of high school graduates in California is projected to increase by 0.7 percent in 2023‑24, potentially leading to an increase in the incoming freshman class for fall 2024. As of January 2024, CSU is reporting a 5 percent year‑over‑year increase in freshman applicants for fall 2024. 
New Transfer Students. In contrast to freshman applicants, transfer applicants for fall 2024 are about flat year over year. This suggests the transfer pipeline has yet to recover from community college enrollment declines during the pandemic. 
Continuing Students. Since fall 2021, CSU’s incoming cohorts (particularly new transfer students) have been smaller than pre‑pandemic levels. Some of these smaller cohorts will remain at CSU in 2024‑25, likely leading to fewer continuing students. In addition, it remains to be seen whether retention rates begin to recover from the declines seen since the start of the pandemic.
Astronaut Exercise - NASA
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Resultados científicos revolucionarios en la estación espacial de 2023

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3 months ago

6 min readAstronaut ExerciseMelissa L. GaskillMay 20, 2024 Article

Science in Space: May 2024

Future missions to the Moon and Mars must address many challenges, including preventing loss of bone and muscle tissue in astronauts. Research on the International Space Station is helping to address this challenge.
Without Earth’s gravity, both bone and muscle atrophy, or become smaller and weaker. Early on, scientists realized that exercise is a critical part of maintaining healthy bones and muscles in space, just as it is on Earth. From simple elastic bands on early missions, exercise hardware has become increasingly advanced. Current equipment includes the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED) weight-lifting system, a second generation-treadmill called T2, and the Cycle Ergometer with Vibration Isolation and Stabilization System (CEVIS) cycling machine. Studies continue to refine this equipment as well as the intensity and duration of how astronauts use it, with crew members now averaging two hours of exercise per day.

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NASA astronauts Bob Hines and Kjell Lindgren work out on the Advanced Resistive Exercise Device (ARED).

NASA

Installed in 2008, ARED uses a piston and flywheel system to provide loading that essentially mimics weightlifting in weightlessness. A current investigation from ESA (European Space Agency), ARED Kinematics analyzes the effect of this type of exercise on the body in microgravity to help determine optimal workout programs before, during, and after spaceflight. Results have shown that preflight exercise training improves an individual’s performance while on the space station just as pre-season training helps athletes in later competition.1
The 2024-25 Budget: California State University
Of the estimated increase of 5,788 resident FTE students in 2023‑24, 5,459 FTE students are attributed to the summer 2023 term. As Figure 9 shows, state‑supported summer FTE students nearly doubled relative to the previous year. CSU explains the increase was due to campuses shifting certain summer courses from self‑supported to state‑supported. The increase in state‑supported students was largely offset by an accompanying decrease in self‑supported students. CSU indicates the courses shifted to state‑supported were generally academic courses that students took to make progress toward their degree. These include courses taken by continuing students as well as new students participating in summer transition programs. Data is not available on the specific courses that were shifted or the number of FTE students enrolled in those courses. 

Figure 9
Total Summer Enrollment Grew Only Modestly in 2023‑24
Summer Resident FTE Studentsa

2021‑22

2022‑23

2023‑24

Change From 2022‑23

Amount

Percent

State‑supported FTE students

5,547

5,836

11,295

5,459

94%

Self‑supported FTE students

14,608

13,050

8,345

‑4,705

‑36

Totals

20,155

18,886

19,640

754

4%

aReflects annualized full‑time equivalent students across all student levels.

FTE = full‑time equivalent.

Fall Enrollment Is About Flat From Previous Year. In contrast to summer 2023, fall 2023 total resident enrollment changed relatively little from the previous year. Fall resident headcount decreased by 3,645 students (0.8 percent). However, fall resident FTE students increased slightly, by 283 students (0.1 percent), because students are taking more units on average. Specifically, average unit load for resident students across all levels was 12.8 units in fall 2023, up from 12.7 units the previous fall. 
Increase in New Freshmen Is Partly Offset by Drop in New Transfer Students.
Teachable Moments – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Powering Through the Solar System with Exponents
Subject Math
Grades 6-8
Time 30 mins - 1 hr

October 23, 2015
Flying Through the Plume on Saturn's Moon Enceladus
A daring feat by NASA’s Cassini mission at Saturn shed new light on the ocean world Enceladus. Get students exploring the math behind the science. 

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Flying Through the Plume on Saturn's Moon Enceladus
Subject Math
Grades 5-9
Time 30 mins - 1 hr

September 3, 2015
The Science of Earth's Rising Seas
How do we know sea level rise is happening and what’s causing it? Learn about the NASA satellites studying the problem and get students exploring the data through math.

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What's Causing Sea-Level Rise? Land Ice Vs. Sea Ice
Subject Science
Grades 2-8
Time 30 mins - 1 hr

Thermal Expansion Model
Subject Science
Grades 4-12
Time 30 mins - 1 hr

Lessons in Sea-Level Rise
Subject Science
Grades 5-12
Time 30 mins - 1 hr

Graphing Sea-Level Trends
Subject Science
Grades 5-12
Time 1-2 hrs

August 17, 2015
Exoplanets and the Search for Habitable Worlds
Scientists have discovered an Earth-like planet orbiting another star much like our sun. But how do they know if no spacecraft or human has ever been there? Math.

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Exploring Exoplanets with Kepler
Subject Math
Grades 6-12
Time 30 mins - 1 hr

July 16, 2015
NASA's New Horizons Mission Flies by Pluto
The New Horizons mission became the first to fly by Pluto in July 2015, sending back more than just pretty pictures. Explore the science that also provided new perspectives on Pluto.

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Sizing Up Pluto
Subject Math
Grades 4-12
Time 30 mins - 1 hr
All News | NHLBI, NIH
May 23, 2024

	|
	
	NHLBI in the Press
	
 

Study: When it comes to moving more for a healthy heart, tracking daily steps can count 

An observational study found that women ages 62 and older who engaged in the most physical activity, measured by moderate-to-vigorous exercise or by logging daily steps, experienced similar associated benefits with offsetting risks for heart disease and living longer.

May 21, 2024

	|
	
	NHLBI in the Press
	
 

Updated lung function evaluation equation predicted to reclassify lung disease status for millions 

A race-neutral Global Lung Function Initiative reference range is projected to recategorize the number of Americans with lung conditions eligible for advanced medical treatment, certain workplace conditions, and military disability.

May 20, 2024

	|
	
News Release

Acetaminophen shows promise in warding off acute respiratory distress syndrome, organ injury in patients with sepsis

 Findings from NIH-supported clinical trial suggests the drug has the greatest benefit in the sickest patients A National Institutes of Health (NIH)-supported clinical trial has found that intravenous acetaminophen reduced sepsis patients' risk of having organ injury or developing acute respiratory distress syndrome, a serious condition that allows...

May 13, 2024

	|
	
	Research Feature
	
 

SBIR spotlight: Bloomer Tech

 A smart bra aims to better detect and prevent heart problems in women When Alicia Chong Rodriguez was an electrical engineering computer science student at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), she became immersed in using large systems and computational datasets for cardiovascular research. She quickly saw how data had the power to...

May 07, 2024

	|
	
	Research Feature
	
 

Tiny bugs and big lung diseases: An emerging link

 Today we know that we co-exist in a world teeming with trillions upon trillions of microbes. They survive on the frozen tundra of the Antarctic, endure the thermal vents in the bottom of the ocean, and thrive in our guts and on our skin. Yet for centuries scientists pushed a theory that at least one part of our body – the lungs – were sterile...

May 07, 2024

	|
	
	NHLBI in the Press
	
 

Pediatric heart pump shows promise to support children’s hearts at home
Outdoors for All Initiative
California State Parks and the California Department of Social Services have made it easier for families who receive CalWORKs, individuals who receive supplemental security income, and income-eligible Californians over the age of 62 to receive a free annual, vehicle day-use pass valid at 200+ state parks.

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To learn more, visit parks.ca.gov/passes or cdss.ca.gov/GoldenBearPass.

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Getting into the outdoors is the perfect way to connect with nature, family and friends but it is important to do so responsibly. Please protect yourself and your family by learning about the park you are visiting before heading out, wearing appropriate clothing, staying prepared by bringing the essentials like enough food and water, and knowing your comfort level to avoid injuries. For additional safety tips, click here.

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What is Service-Learning?
The Education Commission of the States, in their report,Learning That Lasts: How Service-Learning Can Become an Integral Part of Schools, States and Communities, defines service-learning as “a teaching and learning approach that integrates community service with academic study to enrich learning, teach civic responsibility and strengthen communities.”
Successful service-learning programs are built around a core of standards as outlined by the National Youth Leadership Council and the National Service-Learning Cooperative.
 
Meaningful Service - Students engage in service-learning programs that are relevant and valuable to both participants and those being served.
Link to Curriculum - Service-learning is an integral part of the learning process, with direct ties to academic studies and content standards.
Reflection - Service-learning activities should provide opportunities for students to process their learning, and evaluate the effectiveness and success of the program.
About Us | CalFresh Healthy Living

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Our Vision:

	A California where everyone is healthy, active, and nourished.
	

About Us

	Creating a Healthier California CalFresh Healthy Living, California’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program–Education (SNAP-Ed) program, works toward a California where everyone is healthy, active, and nourished. It is the largest nutrition education program in the United States, serving low-resourced Californians by promoting and supporting healthy living through good nutrition, increased physical activity, and healthy community changes. About one-third of all Californians – more than 10.7 million adults, adolescents, and children throughout the state – are eligible for CalFresh Healthy Living services.
	

Our Partners

	The California Department of Social Services oversees the CalFresh Healthy Living program, which collaborates with four State Implementing Agencies
	(SIAs): California Department of Public Health; CalFresh Healthy Living, University of California; Catholic Charities of California, Inc.; and California Department of Aging. These SIAs contract with over 300 Local Implementing Agencies (LIAs) and community partners to deliver program services to CalFresh Healthy Living-eligible Californians where they work, learn, live, shop, eat, and play.
	

Nutrition Education and Physical Activity

Direct Education
	

	CalFresh Healthy Living programming includes Direct Education, interactive classes that engage participants in learning about budget-conscious strategies for healthful eating and staying physically active.
	

10,353 direct education interventions across 2,313 sites
	

271,809 direct education participants reached
	

Evidence-Based Policy, Systems, and Environmental (PSE) Changes
	

CalFresh Healthy Living programming also includes PSE interventions that transform communities by increasing access to healthy food, promoting healthy dietary choices, and expanding opportunities for physical activity.
	

5,930 nutrition and physical activity PSE changes across 1,397 sites
	

1,901,920 Californians reached (estimated)
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Administration

This Administration page features links to important documents and resources created and used by administrators and state and local implementers. You will find access to the State Plan, implementers budgets, work plans, curriculum resources, county profiles and the annual report.

	If there is information that you are seeking that you cannot find on this page, please send questions to CalFreshHealthyLiving@dss.ca.gov.
	

State Plan

	Annually, the California Department of Social Services collaborates with various agency partners to develop a plan outlining SNAP-Ed programming within the state. The plan demonstrates the importance of SNAP-Ed and the promotion of nutrition education and physical activity to improve the health and well-being of Californians with low incomes.
FFY 2020-2022 CA State Plan

CalFresh Healthy Living Budgets

	This section includes detailed budgets for each agency and county/jurisdiction outlined in the State Plan. These reports are submitted annually, showing changes and details for current and upcoming fiscal years.
	For prior year budgets, please email CalFreshHealthyLiving@dss.ca.gov.
	

FFY 23: California Department of Social Services (CDSS)

FFY 23: Catholic Charities of California (CCC/CCC)

FFY 23: California Department Aging (CDA/AAA)

FFY 23: California Department of Public Health (CDPH/LHD)

FFY 23: CalFresh Healthy Living, University of California (CFHL, UC/UCCE)

CalFresh Healthy Living Integrated Work Plans: Section B and Curriculum List

	This section includes specific activity and sub-strategy descriptions for each county/jurisdiction outlined in the State Plan. This plan, in combination with the Site List and Budget, provide details of the work to be performed and results from SNAP-Ed. This section also includes curricula to be used by each county/jurisdiction.
Increasing Transparency of County Office of Education Spending 
The LCAP template includes a “general information” section that provides a space for COEs to describe their schools and the students they serve. COEs sometimes use that section to more broadly describe available services for students. The template also includes a section for COEs to summarize their spending that is not included in the LCAP. COEs are not required to share any specific details in either of those sections, so the level of detail varies by COE. 
Given COE Student Population, Distinction Between Base Program and Increased and Improved Services Seems Arbitrary. The increased and improved services section is intended to demonstrate how a COE plans to use supplemental and concentration grant increases to increase or improve services for students generating the additional funding. Creating a distinction between specific student groups and all students, however, is difficult given the vast majority of COE students are in one of these three categories. All juvenile court school students are categorically considered low income and generate supplemental and concentration funding. For county community schools, 82 percent of students statewide in 2023‑24 are ELs, low income, or foster youth. Moreover, virtually all students in both settings enter COE‑run schools with significant needs. Given the needs of these students, COEs are typically integrating additional supports within their base program. Requiring separate reporting creates an arbitrary distinction that is not consistent with COE operations. COEs also are already required to include goals and actions to address the needs of their lowest‑performing subgroups in other sections of the LCAP. For example, they must set focused goals for the lowest‑performing subgroups in all schools receiving equity multiplier funding. 
Required COE Metrics Not Particularly Relevant for Assessing Quality of Programs. Given the student population that COEs serve, the existing state‑required metrics are not well suited to assessing the quality of their educational programs. Students typically have relatively short stays and can enroll in these schools at any point in the year. In 2022‑23, 75 percent of juvenile court and county community schools were considered “nonstable”—they are enrolled at their school for less than 245 continuous days or leave the school due to truancy or expulsion. This is compared with 8.8 percent of students statewide who are considered nonstable.