vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
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1.
When do I not need a building permit?

Permits are not required for the following:Fences below eight feet in height, although Planning Division approval is always required before construction.Retaining walls that are not more than three feet in height, measured from the top of the footing to the top of the wall, unless supporting a surcharge or ground slope of 5%. Please note: The presence of a building / structure within five feet or existence of a geogrid is a surcharge.One-story detached accessory buildings with no electrical or plumbing installed, provided the floor area does not exceed 120 square feet, that are less than eight feet in total height and do not block any windows of the dwelling; zoning clearance is required before construction.Awnings over doors and windows, in residential construction, which are entirely supported by the building and do not project more than 54 inches.Raised wood decks, which are less than 30 inches above the ground at all pointsPainting, papering, carpets, and similar finish work.For a complete list, please see our Work Exempt from a Building Permit handout. Building Permits

2.
When do I need a building permit? 

A permit is required for most construction and/or repair projects, including electrical, plumbing, and mechanical work. Permits are necessary for, but not limited to, residential and business additions, alterations, patios, decks, garden and retaining walls, swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, air conditioners (adding or replacing), and all electrical and plumbing installations, including lawn sprinklers, water heaters, and gas lines.  Also, retaining walls that are more than three feet in height, measured from the top of the footing to the top of the wall, unless supporting a surcharge or ground slope of 5%.  Please note the presence of a structure within five feet or geogrid or is a surcharge. Building Permits

3.
How do I schedule an inspection?
HEASARC: Suzaku Guest Observer Facility
Images, Spectra, Light Curves
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StarChild (K-8 EPO)
WebStars: gen. astronomy info/news

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GALLERY

The Suzaku Mission
(formerly Astro-E2)
(2005-2015)
Suzaku is Japan's fifth X-ray astronomy mission, and was developed at the Institute of Space and Astronautical Science of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (ISAS/JAXA) in collaboration with U.S. (NASA/GSFC, MIT) and Japanese institutions. Suzaku covers the energy range 0.2 - 600 keV and its operational scientific payload includes two co-aligned instruments. The X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) consists of four imaging CCD cameras (three working) sensitive in the 0.2-12.0 keV band, each located at the focal plane of a dedicated X-ray telescope (XRT). The second is a non-imaging, collimated Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) sensitive in the 10-600 keV band. Suzaku also carries a third instrument, an X-ray micro-calorimeter (X-ray Spectrometer; XRS), but the XRS lost all of its cryogen before routine scientific observations could begin.
After supplying key flight hardware, Goddard's current role is operating the U.S. Suzaku Guest Observer Facility (GOF). The GOF is located at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland and is part of the Office of General Investigator Programs (OGIP) in the Astrophysics Science Division (ASD).
The primary responsibility of the U.S. Suzaku GOF is to enable U.S. astronomers to make the best use of the Suzaku mission.
HEASARC: Suzaku Guest Observer Facility
Helpdesk
 	Suzaku What's New
  HEASARC Site Map
  NASA Homepage

Search the Suzaku site:

HEASARC Quick Links

---Quick Links---
---Archive Interfaces---
Argus: proposal info
Browse: search HEASARC archives
NVO DataScope
SkyView: virtual observatory
Xamin: powerful archive search
---Software & Tools---
CalDB: Calibration database
Coordinate Converter
Energy Converter
FITS: standard data format
FITSIO: FITS subroutine library
FTOOLS: general s/w for FITS files
fv: FITS file editor
Hera: remote data analysis service
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nH: Column Density
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RXTE ASM weather map
Time/Date Converter (xTime)
Timeline (RXTE, Swift, & HETE-2)
Viewing: possible obs. times
WebPIMMS: flux/count converter
WebSpec: spectral sims
Xanadu: data analysis suite
X-ray Background Tool
X-ray, Gamma-ray, EUV Source Finder
---Resources---
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---Education & Pub. Outreach---
APOD: Astronomy Picture of the Day
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StarChild (K-8 EPO)
WebStars: gen. astronomy info/news

HEASARC HOME

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RELATED SITES

GALLERY
NOAA Weather Radio
NWR includes more than 1000  transmitters, covering all 50 states, adjacent coastal waters, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the U.S. Pacific Territories. NWR requires a special radio receiver or scanner capable of picking up the signal. Broadcasts are found in the VHF public service band at these seven frequencies (MHz):
 

162.400

162.425

162.450

162.475

162.500

162.525

162.550

Special Notices
Click on [+] to see more [-] to see less
 

[+] "Beeping" on certain Midland receivers and the weekly test

NOTE: If your Midland receiver is beeping, the following explanation is the most common, but it is not the ONLY explanation for a beeping receiver.
The Midland WR-120 desktop NOAA weather radio knows it is supposed to receive a weekly test from the National Weather Service every seven days. If the radio goes for ten days without receiving a test, it gives out one beep every ten minutes.
The radio will re-set itself at the next weekly test, or the next watch/warning issuance.
If you do not want to wait, you can cancel the beeping by unplugging the radio from the wall, turning the radio over, and removing one battery. Wait approximately 10-15 seconds, then replace the battery and plug the radio back in. The settings on the radio will NOT be affected by this, as the SAME county code, and all other information is stored on a flash memory chip.
But you WILL need to re-set the clock. To do so:
1) Push MENU. "SET TIME" appears.
2) Push SELECT
3) Use the up/down arrows to adjust the hour up or down. To get from AM to PM, just continue past the hour 12.
4) Use the right button to move to the minutes setting
5) Use the up/down arrows to adjust the minutes up or down. Right arrow to access both of the minute digits.
6) When you have set the clock to the proper time, hit MENU twice. The radio will display "SAVING". You are done setting the clock.
MISR | Terra
Dr. Kurtis Thome
      Dr. David J. Diner
      Dr. James R. Drummond
      Dr. Michael D. King
      Mr. Michael J. Abrams
      Dr. Norman G. Loeb
      Dr. Si-Chee Tsay
      Mr. Robert Wolfe
      Mr. Wynn J. Watson
      Dr. Nyssa Rayne

Terra Instruments:
 

ASTER

CERES

MISR

MODIS

MOPITT

Terra Instruments
ASTER
CERES
MISR
MODIS
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Features

Home › About Terra › Terra Instruments › MISR

MISR

Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer

Most satellite instruments look only straight down, or toward the edge of the planet. To fully understand Earth’s climate, and to determine how it may be changing, we need to know the amount of sunlight that is scattered in different directions under natural conditions. MISR is a new type of instrument designed to address this need — it views the Earth with cameras pointed at nine different angles. One camera points toward nadir, and the others provide forward and aftward view angles, at the Earth’s surface, of 26.1°, 45.6°, 60.0°, and 70.5°. As the instrument flies overhead, each region of the Earth’s surface is successively imaged by all nine cameras in each of four wavelengths (blue, green, red, and near-infrared).
In addition to improving our understanding of the fate of sunlight in the Earth’s environment, MISR data can distinguish different types of clouds, aerosol particles, and surfaces. Specifically, MISR will monitor the monthly, seasonal, and long-term trends in:

the amount and type of atmospheric aerosol particles, including those formed by natural sources and by human activities;
the amount, types, and heights of clouds; and
the distribution of land surface cover, including vegetation canopy structure

MISR Web Site (Jet Propulsion Laboratory)
MISR in the News

 

NASA Official: Kurtis Thome  
 Webmaster: 610WebDev

 Curator: Nyssa Rayne  
 Last Updated: May 26, 2024

Accessibility
  |
HEASARC Help Desk, Feedback, and Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Images sorted by object type and by mission are available, as well as educational
resources like the Imagine the
Universe! site. Our newly-added 
resources for scientists provides links to presentations given by your 
peers and at various x-ray astronomy courses.

How do I get to the HEASARC?

If you wish to visit the HEASARC, send an email message to
visitor@athena.gsfc.nasa.gov. Please let us know when you wish to visit,
if you are a US citizen, and what you hope to accomplish while you're here.

Why wasn't the astronomical name that I entered recognized as valid?

 Many of the HEASARC's on-line tools allow the user to enter either a position or a
name. To `resolve' the name, i.e., to find the position associated with an 
object name, the HEASARC generally uses either the Simbad or the NED
name resolver services. So the question posed above can be rephrased as
`Why can't the name resolvers find the name that I entered?'

 The most likely answer is that you misspelled the name! Try another
alias for your object if you know of one, or avoid using the name
resolvers at all, by using the position rather than the name. In either
case, make sure that you specify a search cone radius around the
specified location which is large enough to account for any possible
positional uncertainty. 

 Another possibility is that the name you used was considered to be
non-standard or ambiguous by the name resolvers. This can happen
sometimes because astronomers don't always adhere to the naming
conventions recommended by the CDS Dictionary of Nomenclature
of Celestial Objects. For example, the names of SNR are often
given in papers using G prefixes, e.g., "G 351.2+0.1", but these are
not the recommended form for SNR, which is in fact "SNR 351.2+00.1".
How Does GPS Work? | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
How Does GPS Work? | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids

gps

Vea en Español

Earth
Sun
Solar System
Universe
Science and Tech
Educators

How Does GPS Work?

The Short Answer:

	GPS is a system of 30+ navigation satellites circling Earth. We know where they are because they constantly send out signals. A GPS receiver in your phone listens for these signals. Once the receiver calculates its distance from four or more GPS satellites, it can figure out where you are.
	

Earth is surrounded by navigation satellites. Credit: NOAA.

Humans have looked to the skies to find their way since ancient times. Ancient sailors used the constellations in the night sky to figure out where they were and where they were going.
Today, all we need is a simple hand-held GPS (short for Global Positioning System) receiver to figure out exactly where we are anywhere in the world. But we still need objects high in the sky to figure out where we are and how we get to other places.
Instead of stars, we use satellites. Over 30 navigation satellites are zipping around high above Earth. These satellites can tell us exactly where we are.

What is GPS?

 The Global Positioning System (GPS) is made up of satellites, ground stations, and receivers.

GPS is a system. It’s made up of three parts: satellites, ground stations, and receivers.
Satellites act like the stars in constellations—we know where they are supposed to be at any given time.
The ground stations use radar to make sure they are actually where we think they are.
A receiver, like you might find in your phone or in your parents car, is constantly listening for a signal from these satellites. The receiver figures out how far away they are from some of them.
Once the receiver calculates its distance from four or more satellites, it knows exactly where you are. Presto! From miles up in space your location on the ground can be determined with incredible precision! They can usually determine where you are within a few yards of your actual location.
NASA Tool Gets Ready to Image Faraway Planets - NASA
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7 min readNASA Tool Gets Ready to Image Faraway PlanetsJet Propulsion LaboratoryMay 21, 2024 Article

Contents

Let the Testing Begin

Habitable Worlds

More About the Mission

News Media Contacts

 

At JPL on May 17, members of the Roman Coronagraph Instrument team use a crane to lift the top portion of the shipping container that the instrument was stored in for its journey to NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.NASA/JPL-Caltech 

Team members at JPL said farewell to the Roman Coronagraph Instrument on May 17 by signing their names to a flag (featuring the mission logo) on the outside of the shipping container that carried the instrument to NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. 

A technology demo on the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will help increase the variety of distant planets scientists can directly image.
The Roman Coronagraph Instrument on NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope will help pave the way in the search for habitable worlds outside our solar system by testing new tools that block starlight, revealing planets hidden by the glare of their parent stars. The technology demonstration recently shipped from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California to the agency’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, where it has joined the rest of the space observatory in preparation for launch by May 2027.
Before its cross-country journey, the Roman Coronagraph underwent the most complete test of its starlight-blocking abilities yet — what engineers call “digging the dark hole.” In space, this process will enable astronomers to observe light directly from planets around other stars, or exoplanets.
Learn To Fish - NYSDEC
Even though a license is not needed, all other fishing regulations apply.Don't have fishing equipment? Borrow fishing gear for the day from one of the many providers statewide!Free Learn to Fish ClinicsParticipate in a Free Fishing ClinicFind a free fishing clinic to attend near you and learn how to fish. These instructor-led sport fishing clinics are conducted by DEC and other organizations to help new anglers become familiar with getting started in this fun sport.Conduct or Co-host a ClinicInterested in running a free fishing clinic? Formal groups or organizations can apply to conduct a free fishing clinic event.I FISH NY ProgramsI FISH NY offers free programs such as the fishing rod loaner program, fishing education programs for in-schools and group organizations, and more. These programs help achieve our goal to increase fishing participation, introduce new anglers to the sport, and bring awareness to the outstanding fishing opportunities in New York State. Get more details about I FISH NY programs.Fishing Tips and SkillsFind helpful information on fishing techniques, skills, and tips for your next fishing adventure, including the equipment and gear you'll need, specific methods to use for the species you're targeting, where to find and look for fish, tips on fishing with kids, and much more.Being a Responsible AnglerPracticing catch and release, using baitfish responsibly, finding alternatives to lead fishing tackle, and cleaning your boat and gear are some of the many ways you can be a good steward and help ensure there will be great fishing for future generations to enjoy. Find out more about how you can be a responsible angler."
Drones and You
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Diez maneras en que los estudiantes pueden prepararse para ser astronautas

article

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Astronauta de la NASA Marcos Berríos

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AeronauticsHomeAeronauticsDrones & YouSupersonic FlightGreen Aviation TechDrones & YouAir Traffic SolutionsMoreFlight InnovationScience in the AirNASA Aircraft 

	Drones & You	

	Look here for updates about NASA research into making it possible for drones of all types and sizes to safely move through the sky. This includes air taxis that promise to provide new personal flight options and robot drones designed to fly in atmospheres elsewhere in the solar system — among many other related areas of research.	

 

 

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NASA Uses Two Worlds to Test Future Mars Helicopter Designs

Engineers will go beyond the ends of the Earth to find more performance for future Mars helicopters. For the first…

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Advanced Air Mobility Mission

	The vast majority of the research detailed on this Drones & You page resides in NASA's Air Mobility (AAM) mission. The AAM vision is to transform our communities by bringing the movement of people and goods off the ground, on demand, and into the sky. This air transportation system of the future will include low-altitude passenger transport, cargo delivery, and public service capabilities.
Unmanned Aircraft System (Drones) in State Parks
Therefore, drone users should always check with their local State Park District for any specific posted orders.
 
Drones in State Wilderness Areas, Natural Preserves, and Cultural Preserves:State Park regulations prohibit the use of motorized equipment (including UASs) within wilderness areas, cultural preserves, and natural preserves (Cal. Code Regs. tit. 14, § 4351.) Therefore, drone users should always check the designation of the park unit before operating a drone.
Recreational Drones:California State Parks recommends that recreational drone users check with their local State Park District before operating a UAS within a State Park. Each park unit may have its own posted orders. Even absent a posted order on drones, it is within the discretion of park staff to contact drone operators when drones threaten visitors, property, wildlife, or privacy. If a drone operator continues to fly in a dangerous or reckless manner, they may be asked to stop flying and remove the drone from park boundaries.It is recommended that recreational drone operators consult the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) rules and regulations on the proper use of recreational drones and use common sense when operating these devices around crowded public areas, wildlife, or historic resources.
DPR requires compliance with the FAA guidelines for recreational Unmanned Aircraft Systems (https://www.faa.gov/uas/recreational_fliers/):

Fly below 400 feet and remain clear of surrounding obstacles;
Keep the aircraft within visual line of sight at all times;
Remain well clear of and do not interfere with manned aircraft operations;
Do not fly within 5 miles of an airport unless you contact the airport and control tower before flying;
Do not fly near people or stadiums;
Do not fly in adverse weather conditions such as in high winds or reduced visibility;
Do not fly under the influence of alcohol or drugs;
Do not fly an aircraft that weighs more than 55 lbs;
Do not fly near or over sensitive infrastructure or property such as power stations, water treatment facilities, correctional facilities, heavily traveled roadways, etc.;
Do not be careless or reckless with your unmanned aircraft – you could be fined for endangering people or other aircraft;
Do not conduct surveillance or photograph persons in areas where there is an expectation of privacy without the individual’s permission.
NASA - NSSDCA - Experiment - Details
NASA - NSSDCA - Experiment - Details

Saturday, 25 May 2024

High Resolution Instrument (HRI)NSSDCA ID: 2005-001A-01Mission Name: Deep Impact/EPOXIPrincipal Investigator:Dr. Michael F. A'HearnDescriptionThe High Resolution Instrument (HRI) is a combination multi-spectral charged-couple device (CCD) camera and infrared (IR) spectrometer. The instrument consists of a 30 cm aperture f/35 telescope and a Spectral Imaging Module (SIM). The telescope is a 35.5 cm diameter graphite composite tube housing light baffles and zerodur glass primary and secondary mirrors. It is a Cassegrain design with a focal length of 10.5 meters. The telescope focuses light into a dichroic beam splitter in the SIM. The beam splitter reflects visible light (0.3 to 1.0 microns) to the camera and transmits near-infrared light (1 to 5 microns) to the IR spectrometer.

The camera has a 1008 x 1008 active pixel split frame transfer CCD with a field of view of 2 milliradians (0.118 degrees or 2 microradians/pixel). It has a filter wheel for multi-spectral capabilities. The wheel contains two clear apertures and seven filters. Five of the filters are centered at 450, 550, 650, 750, and 850 nanometers. A low bandpass filter effectively measures 340 to 400 nm, and a high bandpass filter allows 900 to 960 nm, the low and high ends of the range defined by the beamsplitter reflectivity and the CCD response, respectively. Full frame readout time is 1.8 seconds. At closest approach the camera will be operated in a 128 x 128 pixel sub-frame mode to allow more rapid imaging. The CCD camera will be able to image the comet nucleus with a resolution of about 1.4 meters per pixel when the spacecraft is 700 km away, the approximate distance at final imaging.

The IR spectrometer is designed to measure spectral reflectivity and thermal emission of the nucleus and dust and the emission bands of water, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, the most abundant volatiles.