vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Activities for Students – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Make your own model of this folding NASA space technology designed to help capture the first images of planets outside our solar system!

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Space Origami: Make Your Own Starshade

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Space Origami: Make Your Own Starshade

Make your own model of this folding NASA space technology designed to help capture the first images of planets outside our solar system!TAGS:ExoplanetsSpacecraftSunTechnologyOrigamiSpace TelescopeModelDIYStarshadeTemplateJWSTBuilding With PaperUniverse

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Whether it's sending spacecraft to other planets, driving rovers on Mars, finding out what planets are made of or how deep alien oceans are, pi takes us far at NASA. Find out how pi helps us explore space.

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18 Ways NASA Uses Pi

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18 Ways NASA Uses Pi

Whether it's sending spacecraft to other planets, driving rovers on Mars, finding out what planets are made of or how deep alien oceans are, pi takes us far at NASA. Find out how pi helps us explore space.TAGS:AsteroidsCometsEarthExoplanetsJupiterMarsMissionsPiPi Dayspace travelEuropaIo FlybyDeep Space NetworkDSNPlutoRoversSaturnSmall BodiesSpacecraftSunUniverse

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NASA Selects Commercial Service Studies to Enable Mars Robotic Science - NASA
They include “space tugs” to carry other spacecraft to Mars, spacecraft to host science instruments and cameras, and telecommunications relays. The concepts being sought are intended to support a broad strategy of partnerships between government, industry, and international partners to enable frequent, lower-cost missions to Mars over the next 20 years.
“We’re in an exciting new era of space exploration, with rapid growth of commercial interest and capabilities,” said Eric Ianson, director of NASA’s Mars Exploration Program. “Now is the right time for NASA to begin looking at how public-private partnerships could support science at Mars in the coming decades.”
The selected Mars Exploration Commercial Services studies are divided into four categories:
Small payload delivery and hosting services

Lockheed Martin Corporation, Littleton, Colorado — adapt a lunar-exploration spacecraft

Impulse Space, Inc., Redondo Beach, California — adapt an Earth-vicinity orbital transfer vehicle (space tug)

Firefly Aerospace, Cedar Park, Texas — adapt a lunar-exploration spacecraft

Large payload delivery and hosting services

United Launch Services (ULA), LLC, Centennial, Colorado — modify an Earth-vicinity cryogenic upper stage

Blue Origin, LLC, Kent, Washington — adapt an Earth- and lunar-vicinity spacecraft

Astrobotic Technology, Inc., Pittsburgh — modify a lunar-exploration spacecraft

Mars surface-imaging services

Albedo Space Corporation, Broomfield, Colorado — adapt a low Earth orbit imaging satellite

Redwire Space, Inc., Littleton, Colorado — modify a low Earth orbit commercial imaging spacecraft

Astrobotic Technology, Inc. — modify a lunar exploration spacecraft to include imaging

Next-generation relay services

Space Exploration Technologies Corporation (SpaceX), Hawthorne, California — adapt Earth-orbit communication satellites for Mars

Lockheed Martin Corporation — provide communication relay services via a modified Mars orbiter

Blue Origin, LLC — provide communication relay services via an adapted Earth- and lunar-vicinity spacecraft

The 12-week studies are planned to conclude in August, and a study summary will be released later in the year. These studies could potentially lead to future requests for proposals but do not constitute a NASA commitment.
The Space Place Experiment Center | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
Scientists are very interested in figuring out how much carbon dioxide plants take in across different areas because carbon dioxide causes our planet to warm. To figure this out, they need to know how much water is in the soil in different areas—a hard measurement to come by.
NASA has come up with a solution to this problem. Two missions—AirMOSS and UAVSAR—can study soil moisture from the sky. Both AirMOSS and UAVSAR are special kinds of radar attached to a plane. Scientists can measure how much moisture is in the soil that AirMOSS or UAVSAR flies over. AirMOSS can actually measure how much moisture is in the part of the soil that the plant’s roots are in.
Using this information, scientists may be able to figure out just how much carbon plants take in over all of North America!

A NASA plane flying with UAVSAR attached to its base. Credit: NASA.

Light Experiment
You have selected the light experiment. Here, you will have the opportunity to grow your own lima bean plants. A bean is simply a very large seed. The purpose of this experiment is to see what effect light has on a bean as it grows into a plant. To continue the experiment, please make sure you have the following items ready:

8 Lima Beans
4 toilet paper rolls
Strips of ripped newspaper
Potting soil
A measuring spoon
2 trays or plates
Water

Once you have these items, please press continue.
continue
Try Another Experiment

Your lookup code is:
123456
Please write this down! If you don't write it down you won't be able to continue your experiment later!
Okay
I wrote it down. I promise.

Day One

Note: This experiment suggests that you plant 8 beans (four in the light and four in the dark). This is to make sure you have at least one bean sprout in each group—it's not 100% guaranteed that each bean will sprout. As the experiment progresses, you should record the results from only one plant in each group and stick with that plant for the whole experiment.
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Thirsty? Have a comet! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
Thirsty? Have a comet! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids

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Thirsty? Have a comet!

Thirsty? Have a comet!
Is Earth part comet?

A big comet or asteroid crashed into Earth about 65 million years ago. Scientists think this impact may be why the dinosaurs all died. But much earlier in Earth's history, times were worse. Earth had one bad day after another getting hammered by comets, asteroids, and even bigger chunks of rock. Could these space invaders have brought more than death to dinosaurs? 
Could they have even brought something good?

This artwork shows a rocky planet being bombarded by comets. Image credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech

 There are many really big questions about Earth's history. One of them is . . . 
Where did the ocean come from? 
Earth first formed about 4.5 billion years ago. At first, it was too hot to have an ocean. Any water would have boiled right off. After Earth cooled down, the water would stop boiling off into space. Any water would actually stick around. 


 The rocky material that formed Earth in the first place contained some water. But that probably doesn't account for all the water. 
Comets are mostly water ice. It could be that comets made regular water deliveries to Earth. 
It would take a lot of comets to fill the ocean! But comets could well have made a big contribution. Asteroids contain some water too, so they may have contributed. 
How can we find out?


 There are still lots of comets in the solar system. The Kuiper Belt is a big region of icy objects, including comets, out beyond the orbit of Neptune. Another region with even more comets is the Oort Cloud. This region is way, way out there. It is about 30 - 50 times farther away than the Kuiper Belt.
Education News & Blogs – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
I have always loved teaching science. It is so often left behind or pushed aside. I think a lot of time that happens because teachers feel like they do not have enough background knowledge to teach high-quality science lessons or they think that the lessons will add to the already enormous workload teachers have. My district does not have an adopted or prescribed curriculum for teachers to follow, so we have a lot of freedom for when and how to make the time for STEAM. The education resources [from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory] have made it so easy for me to teach and get kids excited about science, and my kids absolutely love them. Our favorites always seem to be Make a Paper Mars Helicopter and Art and the Cosmic Connection. A student holds a paper Mars helicopter. Image courtesy: Jackie Prosser | + Expand image I also am part of my district’s science pilot program. It has been so cool to be able to decide what curriculum to pilot and watch my students test it out and give feedback on their learning. Last year, I had the amazing opportunity to teach science for two elementary schools’ summer programs. My partner teacher and I got to create the curriculum for them, and we pulled a ton of lessons from the JPL Education website. It was by far the most fun I have ever had at a job. Despite being a new teacher, you’ve already seen so much. How have you navigated the changing landscape? I have an amazing network of teachers supporting me at every turn. My grade-level team and my friends from my credential program are some of the most amazing people and educators I have ever met. There is no way I would be able to get through the more difficult aspects of teaching without them. I am also coaching the boys soccer team, directing the school’s "Lion King Jr." play, contributing to the science pilot program, and serving on the social committee for teachers and staff. I love using these different roles to make connections with not just my students, but also students from all grades. Looking for ways to bring NASA STEM into your classroom or already have a great idea? The Education Office at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory serves educators in the greater Los Angeles area.
Learning Space With NASA at Home – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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Grades 6-8
Calling all middle school students: NASA-JPL uses robots to explore the solar system and learn more about Earth, and you can explore right along with us! Learn how to command a Mars rover by programming your own video game, build a model of a Jupiter-orbiting spacecraft to investigate magnetism, engineer a lunar lander to protect astronauts, observe the changing seasons from space, and a whole lot more. Plus, check out the links below and keep an eye out for more fun stuff.
Explore More

› NASA Space Place
› NASA Learning Resources for Grades 5-8
› 10 Things to Do With NASA at Home
› Standards-aligned lessons for educators

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Clare Luckey: Shaping the Future of Mars Missions and Inspiring the Artemis Generation  - NASA
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Mars Resources - NASA Science
Learn more about the legacy of this historic mission.WatchMars Rock Samples: The Stories They Could TellDiscover the secrets that we could unravel by studying Mars samples in state-of-the-art labs on Earth.WatchWhat NASA's Curiosity Rover Has Learned in Over 10 Years of ExploringNASA's Curiosity Mars rover set out to answer a big question when it landed on the Red Planet more than 10 years ago: Could Mars have supported ancient life?WatchActivitiesTake your exploring to the next level with our hands-on educational resources, coloring pages and more!Explore More ActivitiesA great way to practice classifying rocks is by describing the structures found inside different candy bars. Like rocks and soil, candy bars have features that offer clues about what they're made of and how they formed.NASA/JPLAudioSounds of MarsEver wonder how you would sound on Mars? Grab your headsets, turn up the volume and listen for the subtle differences between the sounds on Earth versus how they would sound on Mars.ListenDigging In: When Rovers Get Dirt on MarsLearn about rover drilling on Mars in this episode of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory's "On a Mission" podcast.ListenAudio from PerseveranceWhat does a Martian dirt devil sound like? Or a rover driving on Mars?
Mars Exploration - NASA Science
Mars Exploration Science GoalsRover BasicsTimelineMissionsMars Exploration Science GoalsThe key to understanding the past, present or future potential for life on Mars can be found in NASA’s four broad, overarching goals for Mars exploration.Learn MoreWater carved channels and transported sediments form fans and deltas within lake basins in this image of Mars' Jezero crater.NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSS/JHU-APLMars is the only planet we know of inhabited entirely by robots.From Robots to HumansRecorded observations of Mars date back more than 4,000 years. Led by our curiosity of the cosmos, NASA has sent a carefully selected international fleet of robotic orbiters, landers and rovers to keep a continuous flow of scientific information and discovery from Mars. The science and technology developed through Mars Exploration missions will enable humans to one day explore the Red Planet in person. Artist's concept depicts astronauts and human habitats on Mars.Rover BasicsEach robotic explorer sent to the Red Planet has its own unique capabilities driven by science. Many attributes of a rover take on human-like features, such as “heads,” “bodies,” and “arms and legs."Learn MoreNASA’s Perseverance Mars rover took a selfie with the Ingenuity helicopter.NASA/JPL-Caltech/MSSSA carefully selected international fleet of robotic orbiters, landers, and rovers keeps a continuous flow of scientific information and discovery from Mars.Unable to render the provided sourceMars MissionsMars 2020: Perseverance RoverThe Mars 2020 mission Perseverance rover is the first step of a journey that would return Mars samples to Earth. (2020-present)Read MoreMars Sample ReturnNASA and ESA (European Space Agency) are planning ways to bring the first samples of Mars material back to Earth for detailed study. Read MoreEXOMars ProgramESA’s (European Space Agency) Exobiology on Mars program consists of two missions: Trace Gas Orbiter and the Rosalind Franklin rover.Read MoreInSightInSight was the first space robotic explorer to study in-depth the "inner space" of Mars: its crust, mantle, and core. (2018-2022)Read MoreMAVENMAVEN is obtaining critical measurements of Mars' atmosphere to help understand dramatic climate change over the planet's history.
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