vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Campfire Program: Santa Barbara Botanic Garden


Campfire Program: Santa Barbara Botanic Garden

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 6/1/2024                                El Capitán State Beach

Campfire Program: Santa Barbara Botanic Garden
This summer's Campfire Programs are bigger and better than ever! Guest speakers from around Santa Barbara County are joining us to share their expertise on native plants, wildlife and local history. You won't want to miss out!We will kick-off our Speaker Series with Scot Pipkin, the Director of Education and Engagement at the Santa Barbara Botanic Garden.
 
Where: Campfire Programs meet at the El Capitán State Beach Amphitheater, located in 'A Loop'.
Time: 8:00 PM
 
California State Parks supports equal access. Prior to arrival, visitors with disabilities who need assistance should contact the Refugio State Beach Office at (805)-968-1033.

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Tracking Canada’s Extreme 2023 Fire Season
The second-largest fire as of September 19, 2023 (below), raged throughout much of June and July near Fort Nelson, where the borders of British Columbia, the Northwest Territories, and Alberta intersect. It stopped spreading for a time in August after charring 802,575 hectares as of September. Late in September and October, winds reinvigorated the fire and it grew rapidly to become the largest fire of the year. The other three largest fires in the database as of September 19 (visible below), charred parts of Northwest Territories, Alberta, and Saskatchewan.

May 12 - September 19, 2023MPEG

“The thing that really sets FEDS apart is that the system excels at tracking the daily, incremental spread of fires at 12-hour intervals,” said Yang Chen, an atmospheric scientist at the University of California, Irvine. “That makes near real-time monitoring possible and allows us to generate much more detailed views of fire progression than we have been able to do in the past.”
Sensors on an earlier generation of satellites called MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer), first launched in 1999, have coarser spatial resolution that limit their ability to track a fire’s behavior. Data from sensors on Landsat satellites, which have been in orbit since the 1970s, can also be used to identify active fires and map fire perimeters, but there are often lengthy gaps—up to 16 days—between Landsat observations of a certain fire.
More frequent maps of fire perimeters open an array of new research possibilities and practical applications. “The FEDS system could help fire crews pinpoint the parts of a fire perimeter that are actively burning and might need attention—especially in remote areas where monitoring by aircraft or other means is limited,” said Douglas Morton of the Biospheric Sciences Laboratory at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center. “It could also help fire crews identify areas of residual heat behind the main fire front that may pose a hazard for fire crews on the ground.”
The FEDS system also offers a trove of information that could help advance scientists’ understanding of fire. For example, how do factors such as vegetation type, terrain, weather conditions, and firefighting tactics affect the rate that fires spread and the volume of emissions they produce?
Finding Fires in Peru
Finding Fires in Peru

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Finding Fires in Peru

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 This page contains archived content and is no longer being updated. At the time of publication, it represented the best available science.

November 20, 2016JPEG
November 20, 2016TIFF

Before the rains arrived, Peru faced an intense fire season that lasted through 2016. Fires burned 6,594 acres (2,668 hectares) and encroached into 11 protected areas, according to an assessment by researchers with the Monitoring of the Andean Amazon Project (MAAP).
Such estimates of the location and extent of areas burned are common in populous places with established monitoring networks. In remote areas, the details can be harder to tease out. That’s where satellites can help. But you still need someone to receive the data, analyze it, and make it available to fire resource managers.
On November 20, 2016, the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on the Suomi NPP satellite captured this image of fires in northern Peru, where there fire activity was particularly intense. Red outlines indicate hot spots where VIIRS detected warm surface temperatures associated with fires. Most of the fires are burning in relatively remote areas along the western branch of the Andes and near headwaters that feed the Amazon basin.
Links for Schools
Join the USDA Forest Service in introducing children to this fanciful creature.USDA Forest Service - Smokey the BearThe new Smokeybear.com site features a redesigned children's area, including Smokejumpers! an online game honoring the famed wildland firefighter's who parachute out of plans to fight wildfires. The site's overarching goal is to further educate the public and promote Smokey's message of wildfire safety and prevention.
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Use this Teacher's Guide to help plan educational field trips by exploring school programs offered in the redwoods.
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Making Sense of Amazon Deforestation Patterns
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Finding Gold Mining Hotspots in Peru
Researchers have created a satellite-based tool to help officials identify new activity.

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Fires and Deforestation on the Amazon Frontier, Rondonia, Brazil
In 2007, the Amazon fire season was the worst of this decade. This pair of images shows deforestation and the smoke from intense fires in the 2007 dry season in northwest Rondônia, Brazil. 

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CAL FIRE Encourages Residents to Plan and Practice Fire Safety during National Fire Prevention Week (October 6-12, 2019)!


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Applications | Terra
ASTER produced over 200 high-resolution images to help determine the impact to surrounding wetlands; it also showed thermal images of man-made fires.  MISR produced multi-angle view of the oil spill that showed the difference between the oil spill and false sun glint areas.  MODIS provided an image every two days and a bird’s eye view of the oil spill.
Volcanic Eruptions
In April and May 2010, the Eyjafjallajökull volcano in Iceland erupted that caused major distress to the environment and air traffic.  Gas, liquid, and solids are emitted when volcanoes erupt and one of the most common gases emiited is silicate ash (SO2).  ASTER’s thermal infrared bands are sensitive to SO2 absorption and during the eruption, it was able to capture chemical components, including SO2. MISR was able to produce 3D image of the plume after multiple overpasses.
Floods
Floods affect more people than any other natural hazards.  Lives are lost and infrastructures need to be rebuilt, damages can range in billions.  Heavy rain and other weather phenomena contribute to floods. In the summer of 2010, Pakistan saw one of the worse floods in its history.  Over half of its land was underwater.  ASTER responded by rapidly scheduling acquisition data over the region.  The data acquired by ASTER helped emergency personnel and relief workers mitigate the effects of the floods by improving logistical deployment of aid and materials.
Wildfires
Wildfires are caused by human activities and by natural phenomena such as lightning or volcanoes.  Every year millions of acres of pristine land are scorched by wildfires.  From 2000-2010, over 850,000 wildfires were reported in the U.S. with over 72 millions of acres in damages.  Recent wildfire activities include Wallow and Horseshoe 2 fires, which occurred in the U.S. Midwest region.  These two wildfires destroyed 700,000 acres of land and millions in damages. MODIS Rapid Response System played an active role by providing daily images in near real-time to emergency personnel such as the U.S. Forest Service who monitor and track fires.
Terra Science Applications in the News

 

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Collection - Air Quality
Even with fewer fires than normal in fall 2023, poor air quality plagued the region.
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A Wall of Dust in the Tarim Basin
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A Smoky May for North America
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How Dust Affects the World’s Health
NASA research finds that a combination of windblown dust and human-caused particle pollution was associated with nearly 3 million premature deaths in 2019.
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Nitrogen Dioxide in the Neighborhood
A team of scientists mapped nitrogen dioxide in California’s air at the neighborhood scale and found hotspots of the air pollutant near high-rise buildings and food processing facilities.
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Dust Blows Across the U.S. Southwest
In the wake of a cold front, strong winds lofted dust into the air over northern Mexico, eastern New Mexico, and northwestern Texas.
Published Mar 1, 2023
 

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Snow and Haze in Utah
Snowy surfaces increase the chance of temperature inversions, which contribute to air quality problems in the Salt Lake City area.
Published Feb 16, 2023
 

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Sichuan’s Smoggy Basin
The waters of an ancient lake once pooled in this basin in southwestern China. Now haze and air pollution do the same.
Collection - Amazon Deforestation
Several worrisome signs have emerged.
Published Aug 19, 2020
 

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Reflecting on a Tumultuous Amazon Fire Season
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Making Sense of Amazon Deforestation Patterns
Decades of satellite data make it possible to map how deforestation has evolved over time.
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Detecting Invisible Plant Stress
A new tool helped detect water-stressed vegetation near some 2019 Amazon rainforest fires.
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Human Activities Are Drying Out the Amazon
The atmosphere above the rainforest has become drier, increasing the demand for water and leaving ecosystems vulnerable to fires and drought.
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Mapping the Amazon
In spite of its clear significance to the planet, the expansive region is a complex and challenging place for remote sensing scientists to study.
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Uptick in Amazon Fire Activity in 2019
Satellites have detected an increase in fire activity early in the 2019 dry season in the southern Amazon.
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Tracking Peruvian Forest Loss from Space
Collection - Amazon Deforestation
A remote oil and logging road first established in eastern Peru in the 1980s has become a hub for forest clearing.
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Sizing Up How Agriculture Connects to Deforestation
Using satellite data from the past two decades, scientists are starting to pinpoint which crops and farming styles have lasting impacts on forests.
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Finding Gold Mining Hotspots in Peru
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Satellite Senses Subtle Amazon Seasonality
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Fires Raged in the Amazon Again in 2020
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Gold Rush in the Peruvian Amazon
Gold mining pits line the rivers and cut into the rainforest.
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A New Tool for Tracking Amazon Fires
Following a notable increase in fire activity in August 2019 and a gradual rise in deforestation, scientists have been watching for signs of how 2020 might shape up. Several worrisome signs have emerged.
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