vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Self-Help Glossary - selfhelp
asked to plead "guilty" or "not guilty."

arrearage: Child support that is overdue or unpaid. A parent that has arrearages is "in arrears."

arrest: The legal capture of a person that is charged with a crime.

ascertained: Proved to be true.

assault: When someone tries or threatens to hurt you. Can include violence, but is not battery. (See battery.)

assignee: A person or business that is put in the place of the original creditor, such as a collection agency. You can assign your judgment to another person or business.

assignment: Choosing someone to do something. Usually used in:
(1) Cases — when the court uses a calendar to give (or "assign") cases to judges;
(2) Lawyers — when lawyers are chosen (or "appointed") to represent juveniles, conservatees, or poor defendants; and
(3) Judges — when judges are sent (or "assigned") to different courts to fill in while other judges are on vacation, sick, etc., or to help with cases in a court.
assignment of support rights: When a person that gets public assistance (money from the government) agrees to give the state any child support they get in the future. The person gets money and other benefits from the state. So the state can use part of the child support to pay for the cost of that public assistance.

assignment order: A court order (made after a motion) that says a judgment debtor must assign certain rights to the judgment creditor. Useful for payments that the judgment debtor would usually get, like rent from tenants, wages from the federal government, sales commissions, royalties, a business’s accounts receivable, or installment payments on IOUs (also called "promissory notes") or judgments.

at-issue memorandum: A legal paper filed in a civil case that says the case is ready to go to trial. (See memorandum to set.)

attachment: (1) Document attached to court papers to give more information; (2) A way to collect a judgment: by getting a court order that says you can take a piece of property.
Tax form changes | FTB.ca.gov
Taxpayers may elect to include or exclude Medicaid waiver payments or IHSS payments that are nontaxable for federal purposes as wages/CA earned income for purposes of qualifying for CA EITC.

2020
109 Booklet, Exempt Organization Business Income Tax Booklet
05/18/2021
PDF

Page 2, Column 2, Whatâs New, Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) Loan Forgiveness paragraphs.
Page 2, Column 3, Whatâs New, after PPP Loan Forgiveness paragraphs.

The existing Whatâs New paragraph, Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) Loan Forgiveness, was modified.
A Whatâs New paragraph, Advance Grant Amount, was added.

1.
 AB 80, which chaptered on April 29, 2021, provides modified conformity to the federal provision under the Consolidated Appropriation Act, 2021, which allows taxpayer to deduct eligible expenses paid for with covered loan amounts, except for an ineligible entity. As a result, adjustments may be needed for eligible expenses under the PPP.
Revenue Procedure 2021-20 allows taxpayers to make an election to report the eligible expense deductions related to a PPP loan on a timely filed original 2021 tax return including extensions. If a taxpayer makes an election for federal purposes, California will follow the federal treatment for California tax purposes.
 2.
Per AB 80, California law conforms to the federal law regarding the treatment for an emergency Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) grant under the federal CARES Act or a targeted EIDL advance under the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021.

2020
Form 3853 Instructions, Health Coverage Exemptions and Individual Shared Responsibility Penalty
04/29/2021
Page 4, Types of Minimum Essential Coverage table, Individual market coverage, Bullet #4.
We are replacing the language for catastrophic plans to reflect that all catastrophic plans are considered as Minimum Essential Coverage.
Prior language for catastrophic plans is incorrect because all catastrophic plans are considered as Minimum Essential Coverage.

2020
Publication 3895B, California Instructions for Filing Federal Forms 1094-B and 1095-B
04/23/2021
PDF
 
Page 2 of Pub. 3895B, column 2, Who Must File, paragraph 2.
Page 2 of Pub.
How to collect your money | California Courts | Self Help Guide
How to collect your money | California Courts | Self Help Guide

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How to collect your money
If the 30 days to appeal or vacate has passed, you can try to collect the money they owe you. To collect, you'll need to know where they have money and then figure out the best way to collect it. As you go, keep track of what you spend trying to collect so you can ask to add it to the total they owe you.

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Find out what the other person earns and owns
To collect money, you need to know about what the other person owns, where they bank, and what they earn.
If they gave you their Judgment Debtor's Statement of Assets (form SC-133), you can use the information they listed on that form. 
If you need more information or they didn't give you a Judgment Debtor's Statement of Assets, you can ask for a court date where you can ask for this information. This is called a debtor's exam.
Serve your Defendant's Claim | California Courts | Self Help Guide
The person who delivers the Claim is your server. Your server must fill out a form and give it to you to file with the court to prove they delivered the Claim. 

How to serve the Claim in person

Figure out who to serve

A person
 If you're suing a person (or people)—not a business or government—serve each person you are suing. They have to be served in California.

A business or government
If you're suing a business or government, there is a specific person you must serve, not just any employee. Find out who in How to Serve a Business or Public Entity (form SC-104C). They have to be served in California.

Your landlord
If you're suing your landlord you can serve them in California or out of state if they live there.

An out-of-state driver
If you're suing about a car accident, and the owner or driver of the other car lives out of state, serve the driver, owner, and the Director of the Department of Motor Vehicles.

Choose a server
You can't serve the papers yourself. Ask another adult to serve them. This is your server.
Your server must be: 
18 or older
Not part of your case
Your server can be: 

Someone you know or a family member

The county sheriff (in some counties) 

The sheriff charges to serve papers unless you have a fee waiver

A professional process server you pay for 

Someone you don't know who agrees to deliver the Claim and follow all the service laws

Figure out the deadline to serve
Your server must deliver the Defendant's Claim at least 5 days before your court date if you were served with the Plaintiff's Claim more than 10 days before your court date. 
Or, your server must deliver the Defendant's Claim at least 1 day before your court date if you were served the Plaintiff's Claim 10 days or less before the court date.  
How do I calculate the  deadline? 

Look at a calendar.
Find the court date the court clerk put on Page 1 of your Claim form. Start counting from that day back.
Bill Text - SB-225 Health care coverage: timely access to care.
(ii) An insurer that arranges for the provision of triage or screening services through contracted primary care and mental health care and substance use disorder providers who are unable to meet the time-elapsed standards established in subparagraph (A) shall also provide or arrange for the provision of insurer-contracted or operated triage or screening services, which shall, at a minimum, be made available to insureds affected by that portion of the insurer’s network.(iii) An unlicensed staff person handling insured calls may ask questions on behalf of a licensed staff person to help ascertain the condition of an insured so that the insured may be referred to licensed staff.
	However, an unlicensed staff person shall not, under any circumstances, use the answers to those questions in an attempt to assess, evaluate, advise, or make a decision regarding the condition of an insured or determine when an insured needs to be seen by a licensed medical professional.(9) A health insurance policy providing coverage for the pediatric oral and vision essential health benefit, and a specialized health insurance policy that provides coverage for dental care expenses only, shall require that contracted providers employ an answering service or a telephone answering machine during nonbusiness hours, which provides instructions regarding how an insured may obtain urgent or emergency care, including, if applicable, how to contact another provider who has agreed to be on call to triage or screen by phone, or if needed, deliver urgent or
	emergency care.(10) An insurer shall ensure that, during normal business hours, the waiting time for an insured to speak by telephone with an insurer customer service representative knowledgeable and competent regarding the insured’s questions and concerns shall not exceed 10 minutes, or that the covered person will receive a scheduled call-back within 30 minutes.(c) Notwithstanding subdivision (b), a specialized health insurance policy, as defined in subdivision (c) of Section 106, other than a specialized mental health insurance policy, is exempt from this section, except as specified in this subdivision. A specialized health insurance policy that provides coverage for dental care expenses only shall comply with paragraphs (1), (3), (4), (6), (7), (9), and (10) of
	subdivision (b).
Wills, Estates, and Probate - probate_selfhelp
Sometimes, it is not clear who should be estate representative, like, if the will does not name an executor and more than one person has the same priority, or there is a disagreement between heirs as to who should serve, or the person with the higher propriety has a conflict of interest, and many more. Talk to a lawyer if this may be your situation.
If you are the estate representative, keep in mind that:

You must be trustworthy, very organized, and act diligently and responsibly.
You must always stay informed of your responsibilities, keep good records, and communicate with everyone involved.
Until the property goes to the right beneficiary, you are responsible for managing it in everyone’s best interests. This is called a “fiduciary duty.”
You have a duty to act responsibly and honestly. If you break your duty, you may end up being personally responsible for any loss to the value of the estate.

Step 2: As estate representative, start gathering information and fulfilling your duties.

As an estate representative, there are a number of preliminary duties you have:

Take possession of the property and safeguard it until everything is distributed and any debts are paid. For example, if the assets are in the decedent’s house, make sure the house is secure, and store any important papers and valuables in a safe place.
Find the will, if there is one.
Get certified copies of the death certificate. You will need them for many of your duties.
Collect any assets and death benefits, if you can, such as bank account funds, life insurance proceeds, annuity benefits, Social Security death and survivor benefits, veteran’s benefits, etc.
Figure out who all the heirs and beneficiaries may be.
Check out any safe-deposit boxes for important papers or other valuables.
Collect the decedent’s mail, to make sure you don’t miss anything important.
Cancel credit cards and subscriptions.
Manage “digital assets” (like online accounts, photos and documents stored on line, etc.). You may need to get email access for important information.
Notify the Franchise Tax Board
FTB Publication 1017 | FTB.ca.gov
We do not expect exactness in determining what portion, or ratio, of the services is performed in California. A good faith eï¬ort by the withholding agent to comply with the withholding rules will satisfy this requirement. Withholding agents may use other reasonable methods approved by us. For assistance in this area, call us at 916-845-4900. 
48. How much reliance can be placed on allocations provided by payees on Form 587, Nonresident Withholding Allocation Worksheet?
Withholding agents may rely on allocations provided by payees on a properly completed and signed Form 587. No additional verification eï¬orts are needed. If the withholding agent has actual knowledge that the Nonresident Income Allocation Worksheet is incorrect, then they should not rely on it and should withhold at 7 percent. The withholding agent should not rely upon an incomplete, unsigned, or fraudulent worksheet.
49. How long should withholding agents keep Form 587, Nonresident Withholding Allocation Worksheet, completed by a payee?
Retain the form for a minimum of five years.
50. When using an allocation based on time, what is the appropriate denominator for the ratio?
Compensation for personal services performed by nonresident independent contractors will normally be allocated to California based on working days in California to total working days in and out of California. The denominator is the total number of days actually worked on the particular job. The number of days covered by the vendorâs contract can only be used when the vendor is:

Hired for the exclusive use of the withholding agent for the entire contract period.
Required to be available to work each day at the discretion of the withholding agent during the contract period.
Paid whether or not they provide services.

Days spent acquiring knowledge, skills, or experiences necessary as a condition of employment are not considered work days (Marc Wilson v. Franchise Tax Board (1993) 20 Cal. App. 4th 1441).
Before you sue the other side back | California Courts | Self Help Guide
Figuring out the answers will help you when you need to fill out forms to start a case against the other side, and going through this process may even help you figure out if you should file a small claims case at all.

What to figure out before you sue the other side back

Do you have a legal reason to sue the other side?
If you think the other side owes you money, you need to learn whether there is a legal reason they owe you money. And, if there is, what that reason is.
You’ll need to be able to tell the judge at your court date if you go to court. Legal reasons (“the law”) may be different from the reasons you feel someone owes you money.

Example: Tree Trimming
You trim the branches on a tree whose trunk is on your neighbor's side of the fence. But, the branches overhang onto your side of the fence. Your neighbor may feel you can’t trim the tree because it’s their tree. But, the law allows you to trim what’s on your side of the property line (there are exceptions to this you can research). So if they sued you for trimming their tree the law says you could sue them back.

Figure out if the other side owes you money
Sometimes who owes you money is clear. But sometimes there are other people who should also be sued in your lawsuit that you may not have thought of.

Example: who to sue in a car accident
If you are in a car accident it’s clear you would sue the person who hit your car if it was their fault. But you can also sue the owner of the car if that’s a different person than the driver, even if they weren’t in the car with the driver during the accident. On the other hand, you don’t sue the other driver’s insurance company. If you were sued by another driver but not the owner of their car and want to sue the driver and owner back, you'd need to start a new court case.

When you sue the other side back in your small claims case you can only sue Plaintiffs who are already in your case.
Debt Case Intro | California Courts | Self Help Guide
Debt Case Intro | California Courts | Self Help Guide

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Court Information

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Debt lawsuits in California
When a company claims you didn’t pay back a debt, the company (creditor) can file a lawsuit against you in court.
 
This guide has information about your options if you are sued for a debt in California, and things you can do to avoid having your debt issue end up in court.

Need more help?
You may need legal help if you're sued. There are also government agencies that can help if the debt collector is breaking the law.
 
Find legal resources

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You may be able to take action before getting sued
Before filing a lawsuit, a creditor will often charge late fees, send you a series of notices, or contact you by phone. There are laws in California that limit what the creditor can do when contacting you. 
Negotiating with the creditor to settle a debt before a lawsuit is filed is often the least expensive way to resolve a debt.
Economic Justice Division | New York State Attorney General
The Taxpayer Protection Bureau, often working with whistleblowers, conducts civil investigations and prosecutes civil enforcement actions against individuals who knowingly make or use false or fraudulent claims, records, or statements to obtain or withhold money or property that belongs to the government. Critically, violators of the New York False Claims Act are liable for up to three times the damages incurred by the misconduct, as well as civil penalties assessed per violation.
Whistleblowers are private citizens who have evidence of fraud committed by persons or companies against New York State or local governments. The New York False Claims Act encourages whistleblowers to come forward by protecting them from retaliation, authorizing them to bring actions on behalf of the state or local governments, and rewarding their courage by making them eligible for a share of the sums recovered as a result of the actions they file.  Whistleblowers are often represented by private lawyers who can ensure that their clients’ rights are protected.  

Letitia James
New York State Attorney General

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Internal Revenue Bulletin: 2008-12 | Internal Revenue Service
Situation 1 In Situation 1, the premiums paid by U.S. Corporation on the policies of casualty insurance issued by Foreign Insurer are subject to the four-percent excise tax imposed by section 4371(1), because the policies were issued by Foreign Insurer, a foreign corporation, to U.S. Corporation, an “insured” for purposes of section 4372(d). In addition, premiums paid by Foreign Insurer on the policies of reinsurance issued by Foreign Reinsurer with respect to the foregoing insurance policies are subject to the one-percent excise tax imposed by section 4371(3) because section 4371(3) imposes an excise tax on reinsurance policies issued by a foreign reinsurer with respect to risks covered by contracts described in section 4371(1). Situation 2 In Situation 2, the reinsurance premiums paid by Domestic Insurer to Foreign Reinsurer A covering casualty insurance contracts issued by Domestic Insurer are subject to the one-percent excise tax imposed by section 4371(3), because the policies of reinsurance cover contracts described in section 4371(1). The premiums paid by Foreign Reinsurer A to Foreign Reinsurer B are also subject to the one-percent excise tax imposed by section 4371(3) based on the same analysis. Situation 3 In Situation 3, the premiums paid by U.S. Corporation on the policies of casualty insurance issued by Foreign Insurer would generally be exempt from the section 4371(1) excise tax under the U.S.-X Treaty. However, the U.S.-X Treaty also provides that such premiums are not exempt to the extent that the risks covered by such premiums are reinsured with a foreign reinsurer not entitled to the benefits of a treaty that provides an exemption from insurance excise taxes. Therefore, because the risks are reinsured with Foreign Reinsurer, who is not entitled to the benefits of a treaty that provides an exemption from insurance excise taxes, the insurance premiums received by Foreign Insurer from U.S. Corporation are subject to the four-percent excise tax as of the date the reinsurance premiums are paid by Foreign Insurer to Foreign Reinsurer.
Restraining Order (DV-109, DV-100, DV-110) | California Courts | Self Help Guide
If the other side asked for child support, spousal support, lawyer's fees, or for you to pay debts, you need to complete a form called an Income and Expense Declaration (form FL-150). This form asks how much money you earn and what your expenses are. Complete this form and attach proof of your income (like paystubs) from the past two months to the form. 

Do not attach or include sensitive information, like your social security number on your court papers. Most papers you file with the court can be viewed by anyone who asks to see them at the courthouse.
 

Tell the judge your side of the story, in writing
While you wait for your court date, you also have the option of explaining what you want to happen in the case and why. If you need help, you can go to your local Self-Help Center.

Responding to a request for a restraining order
What's Next?

Obey gun orders
 Learn how to comply with order to get rid of your guns and firearms
 

Respond in Writing (Optional)
 Get step-by-step instructions for how to respond in writing to explain what you want to happen in the case and why
 

Prepare for your court date
 Learn how to prepare for your restraining order court date
 

 

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