vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
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Observatories
How do astronomers do the work they do? Where does the data come from? Follow the links below to learn more about some of the observatories and instruments our scientists use.

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The mini-websites contain background information and educational resources to about selected satellites. Click through to learn more about XMM-Newton, Swift, Fermi, and NASA and JAXA's collaborations in X-ray astronomy.
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Learning about our universe takes a diverse set of telescopes and satellites to capture information at many wavelengths and in many different ways. This page collects in-depth articles about selected satellites that we've written over the years.
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How Scientists Get Data

The information about our universe measured by instruments on satellites is transferred to the ground and analyzed by scientists. The data can arrive in many forms and much processing is usually required before it can be used to "do science." This section will discuss the data, the typical processing, the final data archive, the scientific analysis process, and the final scientific results.
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Technology for X-ray and Gamma-ray Detection

To capture the highest energy light – X-rays and gamma rays – astronomers must use telescopes and detectors specifically designed for the task. This section discusses telescopes, detectors and observing platforms for X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy.
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History of High Energy Observatories
Seeing, Believing: 15 Years of Exoplanet Images – Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System
Ygouf is part of the project science team for the Roman telescope’s coronagraph instrument, which will block the glare from a parent star so the light from its planets can be detected. Meant to be a technology demonstration, the instrument includes two flexible mirrors to correct distortions in the light caused by the instrument and by the telescope itself.
She says the direct imaging techniques that caught fire with Beta Pictoris could someday solve one of the ultimate mysteries.
“With this technique, we may be able to answer that very fundamental question: Is there any life in the universe outside of Earth?” she said. “It’s astonishing, incredible, that from a few pixels we’ll be able to learn so many things about a planet: whether those planets are terrestrial or gaseous, whether they have an atmosphere or not. If it’s done right, in the future we may be able to create pretty maps of those planets, seeing potential clouds. It may be a few pixels, but [there’s] so much information you can get from that.”

Exoplanet Travel Bureau

Take a trip outside our solar system and see the creative posters for the real planets we've discovered. Worlds like 55 Cancri e, where skies sparkle above a never-ending ocean of lava. 

Travel Bureau

Related Stories

Stars and their planets make their own eclipses – important scientific tools for detecting and characterizing exoplanets.

April 2, 2024

That Starry Night Sky? It's Full of Eclipses

Two recently discovered exoplanets, gas giants possibly similar to Saturn, could be candidates for further atmospheric investigation.

March 7, 2024

Discovery Alert: a Long Year for a 'Cold Saturn' 

A newly discovered 'super-Earth' dwells in the habitable zone of its parent star – and might have a roughly Earth-sized companion.

January 31, 2024

Discovery Alert: A 'Super-Earth' in the Habitable Zone 

In a system with two known planets, astronomers spotted something new: a small object transiting across the Sun-sized star. This turned out to be another planet: extra hot and Earth-sized.
NASA Tool Gets Ready to Image Faraway Planets - NASA
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News and Events | Terra
Data from the Terra satellite, including this processed 2007 image from Terra’s ASTER instrument, aided researchers in their work to better determine the impact of this environmental shift in a rapidly warming Arctic region.

Happy Valentine’s Day 2024

Posted on February 14, 2024 by Nyssa Rayne 
	Posted in News and Events 

Another year, another cheesy Valentine’s Day card from the Terra mission! 

Happy 24th Birthday, Terra!

Posted on December 18, 2023 by Nyssa Rayne 
	Posted in News and Events 

Happy 24th Birthday to the Terra mission, launched December 18, 1999! 

(Terra)-fying Tales

Posted on October 31, 2023 by Nyssa Rayne 
	Posted in News and Events 

Happy Halloween 2023, from the Terra mission! Enjoy this ‘spooky’ set of (Terra)-fying imagery that highlights some of Earth’s strangest costumes (as well as past NASA Earth Observatory images featuring Terra!) 

Frightening Foliage: The bright colors of Fall in New England (USA) take center stage in this October imagery from 2015. For more information, view “Fall Color Arrives in the U.S. and Canada” (linked here). 
Spirit Trails: Terra imagery illuminates what are thought to be walking trails once used for religious ceremonies by the ancient Nazca people. Check out the Earth Observatory series on Nazca lines in Peru (linked here). 
Paranormal Plankton: Terra captured this eerie swirling eddy of blooming phytoplankton off the coast of South Africa (learn more in “The Eddy and the Plankton” article, linked here!). 
Spooky Sunglint: A dark spirit-like intrusion breaks into the bright glint of reflected sunlight off the coast of Oman, in an optical illusion caused by the less-reflective current of turbulent waters. (Featured in both Earth Observatory and a major news outlet, both linked here.)
Ancient Graveyards: From above, Terra views what appear to be emerald key holes, but that are actually massive ancient burial sites in Japan! For more information on these incredible tombs, check out “A Burial Site Fit for an Emperor,” linked here.
Guides | NASA eClips
Students then design their own capsule and transform a 2-D drawing into a 3-D model using recycled materials. Students utilize a design process to create and evaluate their designs. 

 Download Full Guide 

 Our World: Rose Colored Glasses - A New Camera for Hubble 

 Rose Colored Glasses - A New Camera for Hubble teaches fifth and sixth grade students about visible light, wavelengths of different colored light and the electromagnetic spectrum. Working in teams, students observe images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope through different colored filters and analyze how the filters affect what they can see. This models one of the processes used by Wide Field Camera 3 on board Hubble Space Telescope to collect information about the universe and how NASA scientists use this information to learn more about the universe. 

 Download Full Guide 

 Crater Maps 

 In this activity participants will make a crater map and compare the geologic features of the moon to those on Earth. 

 Download Crater Maps 

 Distance to the Moon 

 In this activity participants will use sports balls as scale models of Earth and the moon and use string to demonstrate the mathematical relationship between the size of Earth and the moon and the distance between the two. 

 Download Distance to the Moon 

 Exploring Craters 

 In this activity students will use ultraviolet light to observe materials that cannot be seen with the naked eye. 

 Download Exploring Craters 

 Mapping Earth's Surface with ICESat-2 

 Objective: To understand how a satellite in space can accurately measure Earth's surface. 

 Download Mapping Earth's Surface with ICESat-2 

 Revealing Magnetic Fields 

 Objective: To observe the magnetic field around a bar magnet. 

 Download Revealing Magnetic Fields 

 Rose Colored Glasses 

 In this activity participants use colored filters to learn more about the electromagnetic spectrum to understand how the new camera on the Hubble Space Telescope helps scientist explore the universe. 

 Download Rose Colored Glasses 

 Solar Images 

Interactive Lesson: In this activity participants will create a picture of the sun that can then be examined with colored filters to simulate how specialized instruments enable scientists to capture images and view different features of the sun. 

 Download Solar Images 

 Testing... 1, 2, 3... Testing 

 Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) is the process of evaluating materials to detect and measure the presence of defects without causing damage to the material being tested.
Catch NASA's JPL at the Clippers SciFest This Weekend
NASA’s NEOWISE Extends Legacy With Decade of Near-Earth Object Data
 
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 Cheers! NASA’s Webb Finds Ethanol, Other Icy Ingredients for Worlds
 
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 Peering Into the Tendrils of NGC 604 With NASA’s Webb
 
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 Webb Finds Evidence for Neutron Star at Heart of Young Supernova Remnant
 
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 Coronagraph Team Signs Flag Farewell
 
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 Coronagraph Prepared for Shipping
 
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 Roman Coronagraph Digging the Dark Hole
 
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Eyes - NASA Science
Explore now by clicking on the "Start Exploring" buttons below, each of which launch a separate window in your browser.5 cool things to do in Eyes01Land a RoverLand the Perseverance rover on Mars, step by step.View in Mars 2020 EDL02Track AsteroidsSee the next 5 asteroids approaching Earth.View in Eyes on Asteroids03Pluto First PicSee the first flyby of Pluto in 2015.View in Eyes on the Solar System04Grand FinaleSee the Cassini mission fly between the rings of Saturn and the planet itself, in the famous Grand Finale.View in Eyes on the Solar System05Phone HomeCheck out all of the missions transmitting data to Earth, live.View in DSN NowFeatured appsEyes on the Solar SystemThis simulated live view of the solar system allows you to explore the planets, their moons, asteroids, comets and the spacecraft interacting with them in 3D. You can also fast-forward or rewind time, and explore the solar system as it looked from 1950 to 2050, complete with past and future NASA missions.You can follow over 150 NASA missions from start to finish with this browser-based 3D simulation that uses the most accurate data and imagery possible. Watch the Voyager spacecraft from launch in 1977 until today, see the Cassini mission fly through the ice plumes of Enceladus, ride along as OSIRIS-REx lands on an asteroid to scoop up material, see the New Horizons mission take the first close pictures of Pluto, witness the first Artemis mission circle the moon, or preview the Europa Clipper mission. You are free to roam and discover. Explore the Solar SystemEyes on AsteroidsTrack over 30,000 asteroids that are near Earth’s orbit, see the next 5 closest approaches to Earth, and learn about current and historic NASA asteroid and comet missions in this real-time 3D simulation of the solar system. Try out the interactive "scrolly-telling" that lets you learn about how we define a close approach or how we determine if an asteroid or comet is categorized as a "Potentially Hazardous Object." Or ride along with NASA missions as we make historical discoveries about asteroids and comets, such as the first time we landed on an asteroid, or impacted a comet. See the DART mission impact with a binary asteroid system, and much more.
Stars and Galaxies
The Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx) mission will provide the first all-sky spectral survey. Over a two-year planned mission, the SPHEREx Observatory will collect data on more than 450 million galaxies along with more than 100 million stars in the Milky Way in order to explore the origins of the universe.
 Explore Image 
 May 23, 2024
 . Coronagraph Team Signs Flag Farewell News 
 May 21, 2024
 . NASA Tool Gets Ready to Image Faraway Planets News 
 May 9, 2024
 . NASA Images Help Explain Eating Habits of Massive Black Hole News 
 May 8, 2024
 . NASA’s Webb Hints at Possible Atmosphere Surrounding Rocky Exoplanet 
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The April 8 Total Solar Eclipse: Through the Eyes of NASA - NASA Science
It’s rare to be able to spot prominences from the ground unaided by a telescope, so seeing these prominences with just your eyes was a unique opportunity for those on the ground.Baily’s Beads and solar prominences are seen just after totality in Dallas on Monday, April 8, 2024.NASA/Keegan BarberWhile we were watching the eclipse from the ground, a NASA spacecraft was watching from above. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) captured this image of the Sun a few minutes before totality in Dallas at 1:37 p.m. CDT (18:37 UTC). From SDO’s position in space, the Sun was completely visible, while for people on Earth, the Sun was blocked by the Moon. The prominences seen in this image were what viewers on the ground were able to see with the naked eye.NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) captured this image of the Sun on April 8, 2024, a few minutes before totality in Dallas.NASA/SDOAstronauts on the International Space Station also had an exclusive view of the eclipse from 261 miles above Earth. Due to their place in space, they could see the Moon’s shadow travel across Earth. While those of us on Earth watched the Moon pass in front of the Sun, astronauts on the International Space Station watched its shadow pass over Earth.The Moon's shadow, or umbra, is pictured covering portions of the Canadian provinces of Quebec and New Brunswick and the American state of Maine in this photograph from the International Space Station as it soared into the solar eclipse from 261 miles above. NASANASA’s Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) imager on the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite captured these views of Earth between 12:02 and 4:32 p.m. EDT (16:02 and 20:32 UTC) from about 1 million miles from Earth. DSCOVR is a joint NASA, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and U.S. Air Force satellite.NASA’s Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) imager on the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) satellite captured these views of Earth during the total solar eclipse on April 8, 2024.
View a Launch from NASA Wallops Visitor Center - NASA
Can’t make it to these locations?
Check out these six places to watch a launch from Wallops.
An infographic showing six places on the Delmarva Peninsula to see a Wallops launch.NASA/Jamie Adkins
Live Coverage on NASA TV and YouTube
If you cannot visit in person, stream a rocket launch live through the NASA Wallops YouTube channel! Occasionally, NASA TV covers some launches and mission briefings happening at Wallops. View their program schedule to see the times of coverage.

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Antares rocket rolls out to Pad 0A for CRS-12.NASA/Bill Ingalls
FAQs for Launch Viewing at the Wallops Visitor Center

Do I need to purchase a ticket for a launch?
All launch viewing experiences at Wallops are free of charge and currently do not operate on a ticketed system. Launch viewing space is limited and visitors are allowed entry on a first-come, first-served basis. Visitor Center staff cannot guarantee parking or entry to individual visitors or groups. We recommend carefully timing your arrival to within 30 minutes of the Visitor Center opening for launch viewing. It’s also recommended to identify a backup viewing location in case the Visitor Center fills to capacity before your arrival. 

When is the next launch after this one?
Rocket launches are scheduled based on mission needs, environmental conditions, other launch schedules, and more. Because of the many variables impacting launch schedules, launch dates are typically not released more than 2 months in advance. 

Can I bring my dog to a launch viewing event?
No; all animals (except service dogs) are prohibited on the Visitor Center grounds, including the launch viewing area and in your vehicle. Please review our launch viewing tips as you prepare for your visit. 

Is the launch still happening? / Is there a hold?
Stay connected on and leading up to launch day through our social media pages: NASA Wallops Facebook Page and the NASA Wallops X Page
Check the status of a scheduled launch regularly as the date approaches because launch dates and times are subject to change or cancellation in advance or at the last minute. 

What time should I arrive? / Can I park on Route 175?