vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Exoplanets - NASA Science
We’ve confirmed more than 5,200 out of the billions of exoplanets that we believe exist.OverviewMost of the exoplanets discovered so far are in a relatively small region of our galaxy, the Milky Way. ("Small" meaning within thousands of light-years of our solar system; one light-year equals 5.88 trillion miles, or 9.46 trillion kilometers.) Even the closest known exoplanet to Earth, Proxima Centauri b, is still about 4 light-years away. We know there are more planets than stars in the galaxy.By measuring exoplanets’ sizes (diameters) and masses (weights), we can see compositions ranging from rocky (like Earth and Venus) to gas-rich (like Jupiter and Saturn). Some planets may be dominated by water or ice, while others are dominated by iron or carbon. We’ve identified lava worlds covered in molten seas, puffy planets the density of Styrofoam and dense cores of planets still orbiting their stars.Exoplanet Stories Explore All Exoplanet StoriesArticle5 min readNASA’s TESS Finds Intriguing World Sized Between Earth, VenusArticle4 min readDiscovery Alert: Mini-Neptune in Double Star System is a Planetary Puzzle7 min readNASA Tool Gets Ready to Image Faraway PlanetsArticle4 days ago7 min readWebb Cracks Case of Inflated ExoplanetArticle5 days ago4 min readDiscovery Alert: An Earth-sized World and Its Ultra-cool StarArticle1 week agoExoplanets17 ImagesGo To GalleryGo To GalleryUnable to render the provided sourceGet set for launch. “Eyes on Exoplanets” will fly you to any planet you wish—as long as it's far beyond our solar system.
What Is the Sun's Corona? | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
We can view these features in detail with special telescopes.

How does the corona cause solar winds?
The corona extends far out into space. From it comes the solar wind that travels through our solar system. The corona's temperature causes its particles to move at very high speeds. These speeds are so high that the particles can escape the Sun's gravity.

Conceptual animation (not to scale) showing the Sun's corona and solar wind. Image credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Lisa Poje

 	article last updated March 29, 2024
 

More about the Sun!

What is a solar eclipse?

Why does the Sun burn us, anyway?

What are auroras?

If you liked this, you may like:

What Is Space Weather?

Lunar Eclipses and Solar Eclipses

Glossary

	 Games	 

	 Crafts	 

	 Activities	 

	 Videos	 

	 Glossary	 

	 Mystery	 

About Us
Privacy Policy
Image Use
Accessibility

Contact NASA Space Place

 Last Updated: May 6th, 2024 

 

More
Less

By Subject

Space
Sun
Earth
Solar System
People & Technology
Parents & Educators

By Type

Explore
Do
Play

More
Less

More about the Sun!

What is a solar eclipse?

Why does the Sun burn us, anyway?

What are auroras?
Why Does the Sun Burn Us? | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
It’s this energy that can hurt us.

Feel the Burn
If too much ultraviolet light hits our skin, over time it can hurt our skin cells. The cells can die, and our bodies react. The skin gets red, and it can hurt a lot.

Ultraviolet light comes from the Sun, but it can also bounce off of other surfaces like water, snow, and concrete. That means that even if you’re under an umbrella, you can still get a sunburn. Ultraviolet light can also go through clouds, so you can get burned on an overcast day. No fair!

You can protect your skin by doing things that keep ultraviolet waves from reaching you. Clothing and hats are a great way to keep away those waves. Sunblock contains chemicals that can reflect or absorb the ultraviolet light, leaving your skin sunburn free. 

That way you can enjoy the other energy from the Sun, visible light and infrared warmth. 

 	article last updated July 23, 2021
 

More Fun in the Sun
How old is the Sun?

Why does it shine?

If you liked this, you may like:

Glossary

What Is Space Weather?

Make Handprint Art Using Ultraviolet Light!

	 Games	 

	 Crafts	 

	 Activities	 

	 Videos	 

	 Glossary	 

	 Mystery	 

About Us
Privacy Policy
Image Use
Accessibility

Contact NASA Space Place

 Last Updated: May 6th, 2024 

 

More
Less

By Subject

Space
Sun
Earth
Solar System
People & Technology
Parents & Educators

By Type

Explore
Do
Play

More
Less

More Fun in the Sun
How old is the Sun?

Why does it shine?
NASA's Sun-Earth Day
NASAs Sun-Earth Connection Education Forum
Audio Voyage #2: The fantastic launch of Space Shuttle Endeavor STS-118.
20:52
Join Troy Cline as he witnesses the launch of Space Shuttle STS-118 from the Banana Creek viewing area in Florida.

Barbara Morgan, Barbara, Morgan, Space Shuttle, NASA, Sun-Earth Day, space, Earth, astronomy, science, math, Sun, atmosphere of the Sun, Estonia, Milky Way, Northern Lights, Marriage
no

Tech Through Time Highlight: Why is the Sun's Corona So Hot?
In today's podcast we'll be hearing from Dr. Sten Odenwald. Sten is the chief author and editor of the Technology Through Time series. Sten is going to fill us in on this year's first Technology Through Time mystery, "Why is the Sun's Corona So Hot?"
http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/podcasts/media/SED2008/hot_corona.mp3
 
http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/podcasts/media/SED2008/hot_corona.mp3
Mon, 22 Oct 2007 24:00:00 EDT
NASAs Sun-Earth Connection Education Forum
Tech Through Time Highlight: Why is the Sun's Corona So Hot?
17:44
Dr. Sten Odenwald. Sten fills us in on this year's first Technology Through Time mystery, "Why is the Sun's Corona So Hot?"

Sten Odenwald, Sten, Odenwald, Technology Through Time, Tech Through Time, TTT, NASA, Sun-Earth Day, space, Earth, astronomy, science, math, Sun, atmosphere of the Sun, Estonia, Milky Way, Northern Lights, Marriage
no

Halloween Special: The Spirit of the Aurora!
For this Halloween we've Decided to give you a very special treat! Jordan Hill is back with a creepy story about the Aurora, and a spooky shack
http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/podcasts/media/SED2008/halloween.mp3
NASA - Sun-Earth Day 2010
On March 20, 2010, join us for a live Sun-Earth Day Webcast from the exhibit floor of the National Science Teachers Association (NSTA) conference in Philadelphia, PA. For this webcast our team will combine forces with the award winning NASA EDGE team known for their offbeat, funny and informative look behind the NASA curtain. Our guests will include scientists, educators and students who will demonstrate the power of magnetism and why we care about magnetic storms! If you've ever wanted to learn about NASA but thought you needed to be a rocket scientist, wait no longer.
Sun-Earth Day Resources:
In collaboration with partners that include science centers and museums around the world, Sun-Earth Connection missions, NASA Edge, NSTA and others, we produce webcasts, other multi-media, and print resources for use by school and informal educators nation-wide and internationally. We provide training and professional development to K-12 educators, museum personnel, amateur astronomers, Girl Scout leaders, etc., so they can implement their own outreach programs taking advantage of our resources. A coordinated approach promotes multiple programs occurring each year under a common theme.
Register to receive a monthly update from us about Sun-Earth Day events.

About Sun-Earth Day

The Sun-Earth Day Team
Frequently Asked Questions

 

NASA Fact

 Solar flares can sometimes heat the solar surface to temperatures of 80 million °F - far hotter that the sun's core!
 

More NASA facts...

Privacy Policy & Important Notices

Contact Us


 NASA Official: Alex Young
 

 Curator: Bryan Stephenson
Sun-Earth Days 2013 Multimedia


Sun-Earth Days 2013 Multimedia

Sun-Earth Days 2013

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Goddard Space Flight Center

Visit NASA.gov
Sun-Earth Days Home
Register

 
 

Sun-Earth Days 2013
 

 
HomeSolar MaximumMultimediaArticlesGet InvolvedAbout SEDPromotional Materials
 

 

Featured Multimedia

Sun-Earth Days Videos
Sun-Earth Days now has its own YouTube channel, don't forget to subscribe!

Mission Videos
Transit of Venus Videos
Past Web Casts
Solar Storms Series
Fun Videos

Space Weather Media Viewer
This Flash-based viewer allows you to view real-time NASA satellite images of the Sun and the Earth. Near real-time images from a variety of NASA satellites and ground-based observatories are presented. Enjoy zooming and panning the images! A scale tool with the size of the Earth is also presented with the solar images.

Go to the Viewer

Audio Podcasts
The Sun-Earth Days team will keep you updated and informed with the latest news and events through the Sun-Earth Days podcasts subcription.

Audio Podcast page
(help)

Traditions of the Sun
This new experiential Web site lets you explore Chaco Canyon and the Yucatan to learn about NASA research on the Sun and solar practices within a larger historical and cultural context.

Visit this Website

Sun Watchers Through Time - Interactive Timeline
Take a solar walk through time with this Flash-based Interactive Timeline.

Visit this Website

 
 
 

Facebook
Twitter
YouTube

Multimedia
 

Featured Multimedia
Mobile Apps
Audio Podcasts
Video / Animation

Interactive / Games
Children's Books
Broadcasts
NASA EDGE
Video Podcasts

 
NASA Fact

The strongest magnetic field in nature is from the magnetar star   SGR 1806-20, which has been estimated as 800 trillion Gauss.
        

More NASA facts...

 

 
 
 
 

 


          NASA Official: Alex Young
        

          Curator: Bryan Stephenson
        

 

Privacy Policy & Important Notices

Contact Us
Mercury - NASA Science
Travel TechnologyTechnology Living in SpaceManufacturing and MaterialsRoboticsScience InstrumentsComputingThe Universe ExoplanetsThe Search for Life in the UniverseStarsGalaxiesBlack HolesThe Big BangDark Matter &amp; Dark EnergyThe Solar System The SunMercuryVenusEarthThe MoonMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto &amp; Dwarf PlanetsAsteroids, Comets &amp; MeteorsThe Kuiper BeltThe Oort CloudSkywatchingEspañol CienciaAeronáuticaCiencias TerrestresSistema SolarUniversoScience All NASA ScienceEarth SciencePlanetary ScienceAstrophysics & Space ScienceThe Sun & HeliophysicsBiological & Physical SciencesLunar ScienceCitizen ScienceAstromaterialsAeronautics ResearchHuman Space Travel ResearchExploreSearchSubmitNews & EventsMultimediaNASA+Mercury OverviewFactsExplorationStoriesGalleryAll PlanetsMercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto & Dwarf PlanetsOur Solar SystemExplore This SectionMercury OverviewFactsExplorationStoriesGalleryAll PlanetsOur Solar SystemMercuryMercury is the closest planet to the Sun, and the smallest planet in our solar system - only slightly larger than Earth's Moon. All about mercuryRead MoreSmall WorldIt is a little bigger than Earth's Moon.Inside TrackMercury orbits closest to the Sun.Fast TimesA year on Mercury is 88 Earth days.Rough SurfaceMercury is cratered like the Moon.Bring a SpacesuitMercury has a thin exosphere.MoonlessMercury has no moons.RinglessMercury has no rings.No LifeMercury can't support life as we know it.Wear Eye ProtectionSunlight is 11 times brighter on Mercury.Greatest HitThe Caloris Basin is a Texas-sized impact site.Planet Mercury OverviewMercury—the smallest planet in our solar system and nearest to the Sun—is only slightly larger than Earth's Moon.
Sun-Earth Days Registration


Sun-Earth Days Registration

Sun-Earth Days 2013

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Goddard Space Flight Center

Visit NASA.gov
Sun-Earth Days Home
Register

 
 

Sun-Earth Days 2013
 

 
HomeSolar MaximumMultimediaArticlesGet InvolvedAbout SEDPromotional Materials
 

 

Sun-Earth Days Registration

We're Sorry!
The Sun-Earth Days Online Registration is temporarily down. Please check back again soon.
 

 
 

Facebook
Twitter
YouTube

 
Sun-Earth Days Registration
 

Register for Sun-Earth Days

NASA Fact

The August 4, 1972 solar flare was so powerful that, by some estimates, a spacesuited astronaut would have received a lethal does of radiation.
            

More NASA facts...

 

 
 
 
 

 


          NASA Official: Alex Young
        

          Curator: Bryan Stephenson
        

 

Privacy Policy & Important Notices

Contact Us
Collection - Earth from Afar
Collection - Earth from Afar

Atmosphere
Heat
Human Presence
Land
Life

Natural
 Events

All
Drought
Dust and Haze
Earthquakes
Fires
Floods
Landslides
Man-made
Sea and Lake Ice
Severe Storms
Temperature Extremes
Unique Imagery
Volcanoes
Water Color

Remote Sensing
Snow & Ice
Water

Collections

ABCs from Space
Air Quality
Amazon Deforestation
Applied Sciences
Astronaut Photography
Backgrounders
Blue Marble
Earth at Night
Earth from Afar
Fall Colors
Food and Agriculture
International Parks and UNESCO Sites
Renewable and Alternative Energy
Sea Level Rise
U.S. National Parks
World of Change

EO Explorer

Topics

Search

Images
Global Maps
Articles
Blogs
EO Explorer

Earth from Afar

Image

Total Solar Eclipse Darkens North America
Satellites gathered striking views of the Moon’s shadow from above as observers on the ground were awed by the Sun’s corona.
Published Apr 9, 2024
 

Image of the Day
Atmosphere
Land
Unique Imagery

Image

Darkened by the Moon’s Shadow
As the Moon crossed between the Sun and Earth during the 2023 annular eclipse, its shadow darkened skies across the United States.
Published Oct 17, 2023
 

Image of the Day
Atmosphere
Land

Image

Small Gray Dots
A spacecraft designed to explore asteroids near Jupiter also looked back at Earth, acquiring distant views of our Moon and home planet.
Published Jan 1, 2023
 

Image of the Day
Remote Sensing

Image

Orion Views Earth from Afar
Fifty years after Apollo 17 astronauts photographed the iconic “blue marble” image, cameras in space have again captured distant views of our home planet.
Published Dec 7, 2022
 

Image of the Day
Life

Image

Looking Around the Neighborhood
Two spacecraft designed to study the Sun also got some recent peeks at Earth and other planets.
Published Jan 29, 2021
 

Image of the Day
Remote Sensing

Image
About Terra | Terra
Dr. Kurtis Thome
      Dr. David J. Diner
      Dr. James R. Drummond
      Dr. Michael D. King
      Mr. Michael J. Abrams
      Dr. Norman G. Loeb
      Dr. Si-Chee Tsay
      Mr. Robert Wolfe
      Mr. Wynn J. Watson
      Dr. Nyssa Rayne

Terra Instruments:
 

ASTER

CERES

MISR

MODIS

MOPITT

About Terra
Mission
Terra Instruments

ASTER
CERES
MISR
MODIS
MOPITT

Terra’s New Orbit

Terra Orbital Drift Information

A Message from the Project Scientist
Communications Toolkit
Impacts from Orbital Drift
Terra, Aqua, and Aura Drifting Orbits Workshop (2022)

Terra Orbital Maneuvers Information

Terra’s Lower Orbit Virtual Community Forum (2022)

Features

Home › About Terra

About Terra

Approximately the size of a small school bus, the Terra satellite carries five instruments that take coincident measurements of the Earth system:
Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER)Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES)Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR)Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT)Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)
Terra is in a circular sun-synchronous polar orbit that takes it from north to south (on the daylight side of the Earth) every 99 minutes.

Spacecraft Quick Facts:
Launch Date: December 18,1999Size: the spacecraft bus is 6.8 m long and 3.5 m across.Weight: 5,190 kg (11,442 lbs.) at launch.

Orbit Quick Facts: 
Altitude: 705 kilometers (438 miles) above Earth’s surfaceInclination: 98.5 degreesPeriod: 99 minutes (14 complete orbits per day)Ground track repeat: 16 daysEquatorial crossing: 10:30 a.m., descending mode

Terra Status:
Operating instruments: ASTER, CERES, MODIS, MISR, and MOPITT are operating well.
About Sun-Earth Days 2013
About Sun-Earth Days 2013

Sun-Earth Days 2013

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Goddard Space Flight Center

Visit NASA.gov
Sun-Earth Days Home
Register

 
 

Sun-Earth Days 2013
 

 
HomeSolar MaximumMultimediaArticlesGet InvolvedAbout SEDPromotional Materials
 

 

Celebrate Sun-Earth Days: Solar Max, Storm Warning
Annual Equinox Celebration: March 22, 2013

Figure 1: Students wearing solar beads on Sun-Earth Day.

"Sun-Earth Day is comprised of a series of programs and events that occur throughout the year culminating with a celebration on or near the Spring Equinox. Each year we wrap a fresh new thematic approach around Sun-Earth science while highlighting Heliophysics scientists, their missions, and research."
This year's theme is 'Solar Max – Storm Warning!' We will prepare you to explore the violent nature of our Sun at the peak of solar activity and share discoveries that come from NASA's heliophysics missions during this exciting period.
This website will continue to be populated with the latest information about our upcoming programs, background resources, and sample activities. Be sure to join our social media network for the latest information and images
Other celestial events to observe will include:

1/3 - 1/4: Quadrantids Meteor Shower.
3/20: March Equinox
4/21 - 4/22: Lyrids Meteor Shower.
4/25: Partial Lunar Eclipse.
4/28: Saturn at Opposition.
5/5 - 5/6: Eta Aquarids Meteor Shower.
5/10: Annular Solar Eclipse.
5/25: Penumbral Lunar Eclipse.
5/28: Conjunction of Venus and Jupiter.

View more upcoming events!
Educational programs will include:
Over the past twelve years, the Sun-Earth Day Team has coordinated education and public outreach events that highlight NASA Heliophysics research and discoveries. The team's strategy involves using celestial events, such as total solar eclipses and the Transit of Venus, as well as Sun-Earth Day during the March equinox, to engage K-12 schools and the public in space science activities, demonstrations, and interactions with space scientists.
NASA - Sun-Earth Day 2010
NASA - Sun-Earth Day 2010

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Goddard Space Flight Center

Visit NASA.gov
Sun-Earth Day Home

HOMEGET INVOLVEDABOUT SUN-EARTH DAYPAST SUN-EARTH DAYSREGISTER 

Sun-Earth Day 2010: Magnetic Storms
 
News and EventsMultimediaTechnology Through TimePromotional Materials

EDUCATORS

All Educator Lesson Plans

K-5 Lesson Plans
6-8 Lesson Plans
9-12 Lesson Plans

This collection of lesson plans and 'easy to do' activities are just the hook you need to bring the science of Space Weather to your students. Here you can do everything from building an edible model of the sun to learning how to make a real space weather broadcast!
To enhance your lessons visit the Multimedia Center where you can find a variety of exciting materials including interactive children's books, multimedia viewers, games and our interactive timeline called, "Sun Watchers Through Time".
Magnetic Activities
This is a list of activities and information about magnetism and magnetic connections. The list includes information about the Earth�s magnetic field and the Sun�s magnetic field. Each item has a short description. This section is recommended for students in middle school and above.

NASA activities on magnetisim

National Science Teachers Association (NSTA):
The Learning Center is NSTA's e-professional development portal designed to help teachers address their content and classroom needs. With over 4,500 resources, 25% of which are free, and a suite of tools to organize, personalize, and document teachers'' professional development growth, NSTA can help!
Visit NSTA's Sun-Earth Day 2010 page to access one or more of the Learning Center's FREE resources and enhance your knowledge about the Sun and magnetic forces.
http://learningcenter.nsta.org/sun_earth_day/
SUN-EARTH LINKS

Safe Solar Viewing Video
Tracking a Solar Storm
Space Weather Center
Stanford Solar Center
Listen to "The Sun Song" by the Chromatics
ISTP Puzzles and Games
From Stargazers to Starships

Space Weather Viewer V3

Go to the Space Weather Viewer

Concentration Game

Play Concentration

Register
NASA's Sun-Earth Day
NASA, space, Earth, astronomy, science, solar eclipses, math, Sun, atmosphere of the Sun, Transit, Mercury, Technology through Time, Native American, Culture
no

Technology Through Time Highlights.
Dr. Sten Odenwald, the chief author and editor of the Sun-Earth Day Technology Though Time series, discusses the last four articles in the series.
http://sunearthday.gsfc.nasa.gov/podcasts/audio/SED09_tttrecap.mp3
 
http://sunearthday.gsfc.nasa.gov/podcasts/audio/SED09_tttrecap.mp3
Wed, 13 May 2009 01:25:00 -0500
NASA's Sun-Earth Connection Education Forum
Technology Through Time Highlights.
9:56
Dr. Sten Odenwald, the chief author and editor of the Sun-Earth Day Technology Though Time series, discusses the last four articles in the series.

NASA, space, Earth, astronomy, science, solar eclipses, math, Sun, atmosphere of the Sun, Transit, Mercury, Technology through Time,
no

Sun-Earth Day Alert!
Over the past week we have seen an increase in activity on the surface of the Sun. Join us with Joe Gurman, a NASA Solar Physicist, as he explains what is happening in these active regions.
http://sunearthday.gsfc.nasa.gov/podcasts/audio/SED09_alert2.mp3
 
http://sunearthday.gsfc.nasa.gov/podcasts/audio/SED09_alert2.mp3
Sun, 17 May 2009 01:25:00 -0500
NASA's Sun-Earth Connection Education Forum
Sun-Earth Day Alert!
9:56
Over the past week we have seen an increase in activity on the surface of the Sun. Join us with Joe Gurman, a NASA Solar Physicist, as he explains what is happening in these active regions.

NASA, space, Earth, astronomy, science, solar eclipses, math, Sun, atmosphere of the Sun, Joe Gurman, Active Regions, Sunspots
no

Answers to your Questions
NASA - Sun-Earth Day 2010


NASA - Sun-Earth Day 2010

National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Goddard Space Flight Center

Visit NASA.gov
Sun-Earth Day Home

HOMEGET INVOLVEDABOUT SUN-EARTH DAYPAST SUN-EARTH DAYSREGISTER 

Sun-Earth Day 2010: Magnetic Storms
 
News and EventsMultimediaTechnology Through TimePromotional Materials

Promotional Materials
Throughout the year we will be updating this page to include the latest promotional materials. These materials can be used to help organize and support your events, or to just spread the word about Sun-Earth Day. In the coming months we will post the 2010 folder, screen savers, various items from the Sun-Earth Day Kit, and much more for download. So be sure to check back often.
Downloadables

2010 Sun-Earth Day Bookmark
This year�s Bookmark is now ready for you to download, print out, and use. Enjoy reading while providing great information about magnetic storms.
                  
High Resolution Bookmark (30 MB)
Low Resolution Bookmark (17 MB)

2010 Sun-Earth Day Wallpaper
This year�s desktop wall paper will certainly bring a magnetic feel to your environment! The composition includes fractal art and imagery from the SOHO, THEMIS and the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab). We've also included room for your icons at the top and bottom of the image! See the �Credits� page for more information.
                  
1920 x 1080 Wallpaper
1600 x 1200 Wallpaper
1280 x 1024 Wallpaper
1024 x 768 Wallpaper
800 x 600 Wallpaper

2010 Sun-Earth Day Flyer
Use this flyer to provide your audience with Sun-Earth Day's purpose, key understandings and website information.
                    
View the flyer 

 

Space Weather Viewer V3

Go to the Space Weather Viewer

NASA Fact

                            Over $2 billion in satellite technology was damaged or destroyed during the last sunspot cycle.
                        

More NASA facts...

Privacy Policy & Important Notices

Contact Us


                            NASA Official: Alex Young
                        

                            Curator: Bryan Stephenson