vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Cold and Hot Yellowstone Lake
U.S. Geological Survey (2022, July 11) How hot are Yellowstone’s Boiling Waters? Accessed December 23, 2022.
U.S. Geological Survey (2002) Bathymetric map of Yellowstone Lake Accessed December 23, 2022.
U.S. Geological Survey Questions About Yellowstone Volcanic History. Accessed December 23, 2022.
U.S. Geological Survey Yellowstone Lake Geology. Accessed December 23, 2022.
U.S. Geological Survey (2019, February 11) The remarkable diversity of hot springs on the bottom of Yellowstone Lake. Accessed December 23, 2022.
Wyoming Water Resources Data System (2022) Lake Yellowstone. Accessed December 23, 2022.

You might also be interested in    (view all)

Subscribe to our newsletters
 

Image

Yellowstone Lake, Wyoming
This astronaut photograph is centered on Yellowstone Lake, a popular camping and fishing location within the National Park. The lake basin includes part of the youngest caldera and has an area of 352 square kilometers (136 square miles).

Image of the Day
Land

Image

Deepest Lake in North America
Roughly the same size of Belgium, Canada’s Great Slave Lake runs nearly 2,000 feet deep.

Image of the Day
Land
Snow and Ice

Image

The Floating Logs of Spirit Lake
More than 40 years after the explosive eruption of Mount St. Helens, relics from the blast continue to haunt a nearby lake.

Image of the Day
Water

Image

A Mesovortex Over Lake Michigan
Warmth and moisture from the Great Lakes fueled lake-effect snow, as frigid air from the Arctic flowed south. 

Atmosphere
Water
Unique Imagery

Subscribe
to our newsletters

Feeds
Contact
About
Image Use Policy
Privacy Policy
Accessibility

 Webmaster Paul Przyborski

 NASA Official Robert Levy

 The Earth Observatory is part of the EOS Project Science Office at NASA Goddard Space
 Flight Center
Collection - U.S. National Parks
Collection - U.S. National Parks

Atmosphere
Heat
Human Presence
Land
Life

Natural
 Events

All
Drought
Dust and Haze
Earthquakes
Fires
Floods
Landslides
Man-made
Sea and Lake Ice
Severe Storms
Temperature Extremes
Unique Imagery
Volcanoes
Water Color

Remote Sensing
Snow & Ice
Water

Collections

ABCs from Space
Air Quality
Amazon Deforestation
Applied Sciences
Astronaut Photography
Backgrounders
Blue Marble
Earth at Night
Earth from Afar
Fall Colors
Food and Agriculture
International Parks and UNESCO Sites
Renewable and Alternative Energy
Sea Level Rise
U.S. National Parks
World of Change

EO Explorer

Topics

Search

Images
Global Maps
Articles
Blogs
EO Explorer

U.S. National Parks

Image

Capitol Reef National Park, Utah
Sixty million years of erosion have exposed folded layers of rock. 
Published Oct 3, 2007
 

Image of the Day
Land

Image

Valley Forge, Pennsylvania
No battles were fought here, but it was still one of the most important landmarks of the American Revolution.
Published May 27, 2007
 

Image of the Day
Land

Image

Voyageurs National Park
Established in 1975, the park saw fur traders nearly two centuries earlier, and it supported human inhabitants thousands of years before that. Today, almost a third of the park is water, and travel through the park is usually by boat.
Published Oct 1, 2006
 

Image of the Day
Land
Life

Image

Crater Lake, Oregon
Crater Lake is formed from the caldera of Mount Mazama. Part of the Cascades volcanic chain, Mount Mazama sits between the Three Sisters volcanoes to the north and Mount Shasta to the south. The catastrophic eruption of Mount Mazama that occurred approximately 7,700 years ago destroyed the volcano while simultaneously forming the basin for Crater Lake. Eruptive activity continued in the region for perhaps a few hundred years after the major eruption.
April | 2012 | Terra
August 2014
May 2014
April 2014
March 2014
February 2014
January 2014
December 2013
November 2013
October 2013
September 2013
August 2013
July 2013
June 2013
May 2013
April 2013
March 2013
February 2013
January 2013
September 2012
June 2012
May 2012
April 2012
March 2012
February 2012
January 2012

News By InstrumentASTERCERESMISRMODISMOPITTNews By ScienceAir qualityApplicationsAtmosphereCarbon Cycle and EcosystemsClimate Variability and ChangeDataEarth ObservatoryEarth's Surface and InteriorEducationEnergy CycleEventsHuman DimensionsLAADS DAACLandsatOrbital ChangesPlatformResourcesTerra Talent SeriesTerra Visits Camp LandsatVIIRSWater CycleWeatherWildfire
Features

Home › 2012 › AprilMonth: April 2012

CERES Researcher: Dr. Sundar Christopher

Posted on April 18, 2012 by Tassia Owen 
	Posted in News and Events 

Dr. Sundar Christopher is a Professor in the Department of Atmospheric Sciences at the University of Alabama in Huntsville.  Other positions he hold at the University include Associate Director of the Earth System Science Center and Department Chairman of the Atmospheric Science.  He also hosts a professional development and career guide website, which he freely dispenses valuable advice to graduate students. 
What do you study?
SC: Using satellite data, I study the role of aerosols on climate and air quality.
One of your titles at the University of Alabama is an Associate Director of the Earth System Science.  What is Earth System Science Center (ESSC)? 
SC: At UAHuntsville ,ESS is a broad term for the organization that houses scientists who study Earth-atmosphere processes.
You use CERES and other remote sensing satellites to study aerosols, can you talk about the role it plays on the Earth’s atmosphere system and the importance of the study? 
SC: Aerosols are a key component of the earth’s atmosphere. How aerosols affect climate is still a source of uncertainty. Satellite remote sensing is the only viable method for providing global, reliable measurements of aerosols.
Water Cycle | Terra
August 2014
May 2014
April 2014
March 2014
February 2014
January 2014
December 2013
November 2013
October 2013
September 2013
August 2013
July 2013
June 2013
May 2013
April 2013
March 2013
February 2013
January 2013
September 2012
June 2012
May 2012
April 2012
March 2012
February 2012
January 2012

News By InstrumentASTERCERESMISRMODISMOPITTNews By ScienceAir qualityApplicationsAtmosphereCarbon Cycle and EcosystemsClimate Variability and ChangeDataEarth ObservatoryEarth's Surface and InteriorEducationEnergy CycleEventsHuman DimensionsLAADS DAACLandsatOrbital ChangesPlatformResourcesTerra Talent SeriesTerra Visits Camp LandsatVIIRSWater CycleWeatherWildfire
Features

Home › Posts tagged Water CycleTag: Water CycleWater Cycle News and Events

NASA Features from AGU: Terra

Posted on December 21, 2015 by Tassia Owen 
	Posted in News and Events 

The American Geophysical Union recently concluded its Fall meeting in San Fransisco, California from December 14 – 18, 2015.  As part of the meeting contributions to science were featured on NASA.gov.  Data from Terra’s instruments played important roles in collecting data to further research in each of these featured areas.  Read the full features from NASA.gov available at the links below.
El Niño

NASA: Observing the 2015 El Niño – The strongest El Niño since 1997 – 1998 is being monitored for the first time by a host of satellites, including Terra. This video (above) features global data sets from Terra’s instruments and their contribution to El Niño research.
How NASA Sees El Niño Effects From Space – The Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) contributes to data collection on fires and hurricane monitoring
NASA Examines Global Impact of the 2015 El Niño – El Niño research pulls from data from Terra’s 16 years of data collection, monitoring Earth’s systems from Space
Warming Lakes
Study Shows Climate Change Rapidly Warming World’s Lakes – The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) contributed to this study.
Earthquakes
Collection - U.S. National Parks
The landscape was formed as wind, water, and earthquakes carved away a 23-million-year-old volcano.
Published May 14, 2006
 

Image of the Day
Land

Image

North Cascades National Park
Over 300 glaciers, about one-third of the glaciers in the Lower 48 states, lie within the park boundaries. 
Published May 7, 2006
 

Image of the Day
Land
Life

Image

Death Valley National Park
At 86 meters (282 feet) below sea level, Death Valley, California, is one of the hottest, driest places on the planet.
Published Apr 16, 2006
 

Image of the Day
Land

Image

Canyon de Chelly National Monument
Canyon de Chelly National Monument was created in 1931 to protect the cultural heritage of the canyon lands of Arizona.
Published Apr 2, 2006
 

Image of the Day
Land

Image

Lassen Volcanic National Park
Although nearly a century has passed since its last eruption, signs of volcanic activity are still visible in this false-color image. 
Published Jan 29, 2006
 

Image of the Day
Land
Life

Image

Lava Beds National Monument
The landscape is a recently formed set of basaltic lava flows that creates a foreboding landscape of sharp obsidian, cinder and spatter cones, twisted rivers of solidified rock, pit craters, and a network of caves from lava tubes. 
Published Oct 16, 2005
 

Image of the Day
Land
Life

Image

Black Canyon
Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park is a small park that encompasses the steep-walled canyons of the Gunnison River, which drains snowmelt from the Rocky Mountains in western Colorado.
Published Oct 2, 2005
 

Image of the Day
Land

Image

Mt. Rainier, Washington
A clear summer day over Washington state provided the International Space Station crew the chance to observe Mt. Rainier—a volcano that overlooks the Seattle metropolitan area and the 2.5 million people who live there. In addition to its presence on the Seattle skyline, Mt. Rainier also looms large among volcanoes in the United States.
Published Sep 26, 2005
 

Image of the Day
Land

Image
Measuring Vegetation (NDVI & EVI)
Measuring Vegetation (NDVI & EVI)

Atmosphere
Heat
Human Presence
Land
Life

Natural
 Events

All
Drought
Dust and Haze
Earthquakes
Fires
Floods
Landslides
Man-made
Sea and Lake Ice
Severe Storms
Temperature Extremes
Unique Imagery
Volcanoes
Water Color

Remote Sensing
Snow & Ice
Water

Collections

ABCs from Space
Air Quality
Amazon Deforestation
Applied Sciences
Astronaut Photography
Backgrounders
Blue Marble
Earth at Night
Earth from Afar
Fall Colors
Food and Agriculture
International Parks and UNESCO Sites
Renewable and Alternative Energy
Sea Level Rise
U.S. National Parks
World of Change

EO Explorer

Topics

Search

Images
Global Maps
Articles
Blogs
EO Explorer

×
 This page contains archived content and is no longer being updated. At the time of publication, it represented the best available science.

by John Weier and David HerringAugust 30, 2000
Though we often take the plants and trees around us for granted,
almost every aspect of our lives depends upon them. They feed us, clothe
us, absorb carbon dioxide, provide us with oxygen, and give us building
materials and medications. When drastic changes occur to the vegetation
around us, our health, economy, and environment are all affected. 
Twenty-five years ago, for instance, thousands of people starved when
the vegetation in the Sahel region of Africa dried up during an extended
drought. Over the past five decades deforestation in South America has
left thousands of acres fallow and has destroyed many species including
possible valuable medications.
Satellite 
maps of vegetation show the density of plant growth over the entire globe. 
The most common measurement is called the Normalized Difference Vegetation 
Index (NDVI). Very low values of NDVI (0.1 and below) correspond to barren 
areas of rock, sand, or snow. Moderate values represent shrub and grassland
October | 2019 | Terra
August 2014
May 2014
April 2014
March 2014
February 2014
January 2014
December 2013
November 2013
October 2013
September 2013
August 2013
July 2013
June 2013
May 2013
April 2013
March 2013
February 2013
January 2013
September 2012
June 2012
May 2012
April 2012
March 2012
February 2012
January 2012

News By InstrumentASTERCERESMISRMODISMOPITTNews By ScienceAir qualityApplicationsAtmosphereCarbon Cycle and EcosystemsClimate Variability and ChangeDataEarth ObservatoryEarth's Surface and InteriorEducationEnergy CycleEventsHuman DimensionsLAADS DAACLandsatOrbital ChangesPlatformResourcesTerra Talent SeriesTerra Visits Camp LandsatVIIRSWater CycleWeatherWildfire
Features

Home › 2019 › OctoberMonth: October 2019

Terra@20 sessions at AGU

Posted on October 30, 2019 by Tassia Owen 
	Posted in News and Events 

In celebration of Terra’s 20 years in orbit three sessions (two
oral and one poster) are being held at the American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Fall Meeting, December 9 – 14, 2019 in San Francisco. 
IN13A Terra@20: Data System Evolution to Advance Climate Research I
Oral presentations Moscone West – 2018, L2December 9 1:40 pm – 3:40 pm
On December 19, 1999, NASA launched the Terra spacecraft, a unique mission to explore the connections between Earth’s atmosphere, land, snow and ice, ocean and energy balance to understand Earth’s climate and climate change. No other Earth science mission has been as productive as Terra; its exponential increase in data distribution has driven many changes in science data systems.  This session will address the 20 years of advances in algorithm and data production, data maturity and quality, and data discovery and access.  Special interest topics include improvements in access to Terra data that subsequently resulted in advancing climate research and applications which would not have been achieved otherwise. The convening committee will request oral presentations representing data management from each of the five instruments on Terra.
June | 2017 | Terra
On the left, an animation made from the images from the nine MISR cameras, captured between 2:19 and 2:26 p.m., demonstrates how the angled views give a glimpse of the underside of the growing plume of volcanic ash, showing the eruption column widening into the cloud at the top.
Data from MISR’s nine cameras can also be used to calculate the height of the plume, based on the apparent movement of the cloud from one camera to another. On the right, a map of plume height is plotted over the downward-looking image. The top of the cloud was approximately 10,000 feet (3 kilometers) high at this time. Below the image is a scatterplot of the heights, with blue points representing heights corrected by the northwesterly winds reported by the Alaskan Volcano Observatory during the eruption, and red points representing uncorrected heights. Lower points at either side of the plume represent retrievals of the eruption column.
These data were captured during Terra orbit 92786. The stereoscopic analysis was performed using the MISR INteractive eXplorer (MINX) software tool, which is publicly available through the Open Channel Foundation at https://www.openchannelsoftware.com/projects/MINX. Other MISR data are available through the NASA Langley Research Center; for more information, go to https://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/project/misr/misr_table. MISR was built and is managed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington, D.C. The Terra spacecraft is managed by NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The MISR data were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Science Data Center in Hampton, Virginia. JPL is a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena.
Credit: NASA/GSFC/LaRC/JPL-Caltech, MISR Team, article by Abbey Nasten

 

NASA Official: Kurtis Thome  
 Webmaster: 610WebDev

 Curator: Nyssa Rayne  
 Last Updated: May 26, 2024

Accessibility
  |  

 Privacy Policy & Important Notices
  |  
Contact Us
Landsat 8 Detects New Deforestation in Peru
Landsat 8 Detects New Deforestation in Peru

Atmosphere
Heat
Human Presence
Land
Life

Natural
 Events

All
Drought
Dust and Haze
Earthquakes
Fires
Floods
Landslides
Man-made
Sea and Lake Ice
Severe Storms
Temperature Extremes
Unique Imagery
Volcanoes
Water Color

Remote Sensing
Snow & Ice
Water

Collections

ABCs from Space
Air Quality
Amazon Deforestation
Applied Sciences
Astronaut Photography
Backgrounders
Blue Marble
Earth at Night
Earth from Afar
Fall Colors
Food and Agriculture
International Parks and UNESCO Sites
Renewable and Alternative Energy
Sea Level Rise
U.S. National Parks
World of Change

EO Explorer

Topics

Search

Images
Global Maps
Articles
Blogs
EO Explorer

Landsat 8 Detects New Deforestation in Peru

×
 This page contains archived content and is no longer being updated. At the time of publication, it represented the best available science.

August 28, 2013JPEG

 

October 5, 2012JPEG
Google Earth - October 5, 2012 - August 28, 2013KML

 

August 28, 2013

October 5, 2012

August 28, 2013JPEGOctober 5, 2012JPEG

View Image Comparison
View Both Images

Tropical forests are threatened by many types of farming, ranching, and human activity. One of the best ways to track those threats is through the Landsat series of satellites, developed by NASA and operated by the U.S. Geological Survey. The accessible and free archive of Landsat data makes it possible for scientists to monitor changes in remote landscapes without leaving their offices and labs.
Remote sensing scientist Clinton Jenkins of North Carolina State University had just such an opportunity earlier this year. In July 2013, he received a tip from colleagues in South America about some possible deforestation in the Loreto region of Peru. Jenkins and colleagues then began combing through recently acquired Landsat images for signs of change.
June | 2017 | Terra
Posted in News and Events 

The tiny Aleutian island of Bogoslof in Alaska, erupting regularly since December 2016, produced fresh activity on Sunday, May 28, 2017. Bogoslof is a stratovolcano fueled by the subduction of the Pacific Plate under the North American Plate and forms part of the larger Aleutian Arc, which includes more than 60 volcanoes on the Aleutian Islands and the Aleutian Range on the Alaska mainland. Previous to its recent period of activity, Bogoslof had last erupted in 1992, and its above-water surface area was a mere 0.11 square miles (0.29 square kilometers). As of March 11, the most recent data available, the area of the island had tripled to 0.38 square miles (0.98 square kilometers). The event on May 28 produced an ash cloud that reached 40,000 feet (12 km) in altitude, causing the Alaskan Volcano Observatory to issue a red alert for air travel in the area. Volcanic ash can cause major damage to aircraft engines, and the region is close to several major air routes between North America and Asia.

On May 28, 2017, at approximately 2:23 p.m. local time, NASA’s Terra satellite passed over Bogoslof, less than 10 minutes after the eruption began. MISR has nine cameras that view Earth at different angles. It takes slightly less than seven minutes for all nine cameras to view the same location on Earth. On the left, an animation made from the images from the nine MISR cameras, captured between 2:19 and 2:26 p.m., demonstrates how the angled views give a glimpse of the underside of the growing plume of volcanic ash, showing the eruption column widening into the cloud at the top.
Data from MISR’s nine cameras can also be used to calculate the height of the plume, based on the apparent movement of the cloud from one camera to another. On the right, a map of plume height is plotted over the downward-looking image. The top of the cloud was approximately 10,000 feet (3 kilometers) high at this time.
Terra | The EOS Flagship
Terra explores the connections between Earth’s atmosphere, land, snow and ice, ocean, and energy balance to understand Earth’s climate and climate change and to map the impact of human activity and natural disasters on communities and ecosystems

Connecting Earth’s Systems with Terra’s Observations

ASTER

CERES

MISR

MODIS

MOPITT

Examples of each instrument’s capabilities (clockwise): land composition (ASTER), reflected energy (CERES), aerosols (MISR), vegetation snow and ice (MODIS), carbon monoxide (MOPITT)
 
Important Terra Updates and Information

The Terra and Aqua Flight Operation Team (FOT) transitioned fully to Light-Out-Operations (LOOps) on July 7th 2023 at 6am EDT, following successful testing and Ops Readiness Review.
In the LOOps configuration there will not be an on-console engineer working the 12-hour night shift (6pm-6am), but instead system support engineers will be on call during lights out period to respond to red limit alarms as needed.
FOT will no longer attempt to fill science data gaps via Solid State Recorder replays so additional data losses and larger data gaps are expected, though estimated data capture is expected to remain above mission data capture guideline of 95%.
For more information and a list of known Terra and Aqua data gaps due to LOOps, visit this informational page located on the MODIS Adaptive Processing System (MODAPS) website.

Terra data users have expressed the need for weekly updates on Terra’s equator crossing time (in Mean Local Time), as well as orbital altitude. Starting this month, we’ll be adding this information to the Terra homepage and updating it weekly using data provided by the Operations Team. Move your cursor over the chart below to view both Terra’s Mean Local Equator Crossing Time in UTC and orbital altitude for each month through 2026.

Terra’s orbit has changed, but the data quality hasn’t! Visit this link to learn more about Terra’s new orbit.

Update on Terra’s New Orbit: Since 2020, Terra has been drifting to an earlier equator crossing time, and in October 2022 was lowered by ~5km in altitude.
Making Sense of Amazon Deforestation Patterns
This NASA campaign examined how Amazon ecosystems were interconnected and how they were reacting to rapid deforestation, global warming, and cycles of drought. One of Arima’s projects, conducted with Robert Walker of the University of Florida, involved using Landsat to map roads and deforestation patterns, piecing together how those patterns related to what was happening on the ground. 

December 15, 2000JPEG
January 19, 2017JPEG

In Peru, Colombia, and other Amazon countries, deforestation has tended to follow rivers, which are often the main transportation routes to remote parts of the rainforest. Prior to the 1970s, Arima explained, this was the case for Brazil as well. (Brazil holds about 60 percent of all the Amazon rainforest within its borders.)
By the 1970s, that began to change dramatically, as forest clearing spread from federal highways in a way that Arima and other scholars call a “fishbone pattern.” The pattern was the product of a major infrastructure and settlement initiative launched by the Brazilian government to develop the rainforest. It was partly an attempt to secure the nation’s borders and stimulate the economy, but it also aimed to provide land and a better life for people living in poverty in the crowded cities of northeastern Brazil. The government unveiled this ambitious road-building and development plan as hundreds of thousands of people were at risk of famine from a severe drought.
“Families were typically given 100 hectares of land and told they could clear 50 percent of it,” explained NASA forest ecologist Douglas Morton. “People would go out with axes or chainsaws and clear a few hectares by hand each year to grow subsistence crops.” However, a few dozen hectares was not enough for most families, given the marginal soil in many areas, and most settlers ended up clearing more than 50 percent or abandoning their small farms for nearby cities.
The highways and 100-hectare plots led to an unmistakable orthogonal pattern on the landscape. The fishbones became particularly common in northern Para state, growing out from Altimira, Uruará, Rur&oacutepolis, and other towns along the Trans-Amazonian Highway. Secondary roads, or travessões, were often built perpendicular to the main arteries, and deforestation spread outward in an ordered way as authorities handed out parcels to new settlers.