vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details
NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details

Saturday, 25 May 2024

HayabusaNSSDCA/COSPAR ID: 2003-019ADescriptionThe primary scientific objective of the Hayabusa (formerly Muses-C) mission is to collect a surface sample of material from the small (550 x 180 meter) asteroid 25143 Itokawa (1998 SF36) and return the sample to Earth for analysis. It is also a technology demonstration mission. Other scientific objectives of the mission include detailed studies of the asteroid's shape, spin state, topography, color, composition, density, photometric and polarimetric properties, interior and history.

Mission Profile

The spacecraft was launched on 9 May 2003 at 04:29:25 UT (1:29 p.m. local time, 12:29 a.m. EDT) on an M-5 solid fuel booster from the Kagoshima launch center. Following launch, the name Muses-C was changed to Hayabusa (the Japanese word for falcon) and the spacecraft was put into a transfer orbit to bring it to asteroid 25143 Itokawa (1998 SF36), a 0.3 x 0.7 km near-Earth object. The ion engines were successfully test-fired starting on 27 May to the middle of June, 2003. A large solar flare in late 2003 degraded the solar panels. The loss of power available to Hayabusa's ion engines forced the originally planned early summer 2005 rendezvous with Itokawa to be moved back to September. Hayabusa flew by Earth on 19 May 2004 at an altitude of 3725 km at 6:23 UT. On 31 July the X-axis reaction wheel failed. Rendezvous with the asteroid occured in September 2005 with the spacecraft coming to rest relative to the asteroid at a distance of 20 km at 1:17 UT on 12 September. The spacecraft did not go into orbit around the asteroid, but remained in a station-keeping heliocentric orbit close by. On 3 October 2005 Hayabusa lost the use of the Y-axis reaction wheel and was using one reaction wheel and two chemical thrusters to maintain attitude control.
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NASA’s Psyche Fires Up Its Sci-Fi-Worthy Thrusters - NASA
Scientists have evidence that the asteroid, which is about 173 miles (280 kilometers) across at its widest point, may be the partial core of a planetesimal, the building block of an early planet.  
Clean Bill of Health
The flight team used Psyche’s first 100 days in space to conduct a full checkout of all spacecraft systems. All of the engineering systems are working just as expected, and the three science instruments have been operating without a hitch. The magnetometer is working so well that it was able to detect an eruption of charged particles from the Sun, as did the gamma-ray and neutron spectrometer. And this past December, the twin cameras on the imaging instrument captured their first images.
“Until this point, we have been powering on and checking out the various pieces of equipment needed to complete the mission, and we can report they are working beautifully,” said Henry Stone, Psyche project manager at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, which manages the mission. “Now we are on our way and looking forward to an upcoming close flyby of Mars.”

This graphic depicts the path NASA’s Psyche spacecraft is following as it travels to the asteroid Psyche. The key milestones of the prime mission are labeled, including the Mars gravity assist in May 2026.
NASA/JPL-Caltech

That’s because the spacecraft’s trajectory will bring it back toward the Red Planet in the spring of 2026. The spacecraft will power down the thrusters as it coasts toward Mars, using the planet’s gravity to slingshot itself out. From there, the thrusters return to full cruise mode. Next stop: the asteroid Psyche.
In the meantime, the Deep Space Optical Communications technology demonstration aboard the spacecraft will keep on testing its mettle. The experiment already surpassed expectations when, in April, it transmitted test data from over 140 million miles (226 million kilometers) away at a rate of 267 megabits per second to a downlink station on Earth — a bit rate comparable to broadband internet download speeds.
More About the Mission
Arizona State University leads the Psyche mission.
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NASADiscover moreInner Solar SystemExploring our solar system's inner, rocky worlds as NASA develops new missions to extend human presence beyond Earth.Outer Solar SystemUnlocking the secrets of distant worlds to understand more about the formation of our solar system.Small BodiesRevealing the foundational materials of our solar system with asteroids, comets, meteors, and objects in the Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud.AstrobiologyLooking for the origins of life on this planet and signs that it may exist elsewhere in the universe.For ResearchersPlanetary science resources and references for new and experienced researchers.More Planetary Science News from NASARead More Article3 min readNASA Recognizes 5 Early Career Planetary ScientistsArticle2 min readNASA Partner Zooniverse Receives White House Open Science AwardNews Release3 min readNASA Selects BAE Systems to Develop Air Quality Instrument for NOAAArticle1 min readMajor Martian Milestones2 min readNASA SCoPE PI, Meenakshi Wadhwa, inducted to National Academy of SciencesArticle4 weeks ago5 min readNASA Grant Brings Students at Underserved Institutions to the StarsArticle4 weeks ago6 min readPushing the Limits of Sub-Kilowatt Electric Propulsion Technology to Enable Planetary Exploration and Commercial Mission ConceptsArticle1 month ago3 min readNASA’s Dragonfly Rotorcraft Mission to Saturn’s Moon Titan ConfirmedArticle1 month agoKeep ExploringDiscover More Topics From NASASolar System ExplorationAsteroids, Comets & MeteorsMoonKidsReturn to topThe National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA explores the unknown in air and space, innovates for the benefit of humanity, and inspires the world through discovery.About NASA's MissionJoin UsHomeNews & EventsMultimediaNASA+MissionsHumans in SpaceEarth & ClimateThe Solar SystemThe UniverseScienceAeronauticsTechnologyLearning ResourcesAbout NASANASA en EspañolFollow NASAMore NASA Social AccountsNASA NewslettersSitemapFor MediaPrivacy PolicyFOIANo FEAR ActOffice of the IGBudget & Annual ReportsAgency Financial ReportsContact NASAAccessibilityPage Last Updated:4 days agoPage Editor:SMD Content EditorsResponsible NASA Official for Science:Dana Bolles
E.11 Consortium in Biological Sciences Clarification on how to Address Eligibility - NASA Science
E.11 Consortium in Biological Sciences Clarification on how to Address Eligibility - NASA Science

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What Is an Exoplanet? | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
And more will be found by NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission, which is observing the entire sky to locate planets orbiting the nearest and brightest stars.
We now know that exoplanets are very common in the universe. And future NASA missions have been planned to discover many more!

Want to learn even more about exoplanets?
Visit NASA Exoplanets 101.

 	article last updated January 10, 2022
 

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A to Z of NASA Missions - NASA
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OAO (Orbiting Astronomical Observatory)
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Opportunity (Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity (MER-B))
ORACLES (ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their IntEractionS)
O/OREOS (Organism/Organic Exposure to Orbital Stresses)
ORFEUS-SPAS II (Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer-Shuttle PAllet Satellite II)
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PACE (Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, Ocean Ecosystem)
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Q-PACE (CubeSat Particle Aggregation and Collision Experiment)
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RADARSAT-1 (Radar Satellite-1)
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Comet Fact Sheet
55P
Tempel-Tuttle
32.92 yrs.
1998-02-28
0.982 AU
10.33 AU
0.906
162.5 deg.
9.0

67P
Churyumov-Gerasimenko
6.57 yrs.
2002-08-18
1.292 AU
3.51 AU
0.632
7.1 deg.
 

73P
Schwassmann-Wachmann 3
5.36 yrs.
2006-06-02
0.937 AU
3.06 AU
0.694
11.4 deg.
11.7

75P
Kohoutek
6.24 yrs.
1973-12-28
1.571 AU
3.4 AU
0.537
5.4 deg.
12.1

76P
West-Kohoutek-Ikemura
6.46 yrs.
2000-06-01
1.596 AU
3.45 AU
0.540
30.5 deg.
10.6

81P
Wild 2
6.39 yrs.
2003-09-25
1.583 AU
3.44 AU
0.540
3.2 deg.
6.5

95P
Chiron
50.7 yrs.
1996-02-14
8.46 AU
13.7 AU
0.383
7 deg.
 

107P
Wilson-Harrington
4.29 yrs.
2001-03-26
1.000 AU
2.64 AU
0.623
2.8 deg.
9.0

 
Hale-Bopp
4000. yrs.
1997-03-31
0.914 AU
250. AU
0.995
89.4 deg.
-1.0
Discovery Alert: Watch the Synchronized Dance of a 6-Planet System – Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System
The first hints of it came from NASA’s TESS (the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite), which tracks the tiny eclipses – the “transits” – that planets make as they cross the faces of their stars. Combining the TESS measurements, made in separate observations two years apart, revealed an assortment of transits for the host star, called HD 110067. But it was difficult to distinguish how many planets they represented, or to pin down their orbits.
Eventually, astronomers singled out the two innermost planets, with orbital periods – “years” – of 9 days for the closest planet, 14 days for the next one out. A third planet, with a year about 20 days long, was identified with the help of data from CHEOPS, The European Space Agency’s CHaracterising ExOPlanets Satellite.
Then the scientists noticed something extraordinary. The three planets’ orbits matched what would be expected if they were locked in a 3/2 resonance. The next steps were all about math and gravity. The science team, led by Rafael Luque of the University of Chicago, worked through a well-known list of resonances that potentially could be found in such systems, trying to match them to the remaining transits that had been picked up by TESS. The only resonance chain that matched up suggested a fourth planet in the system, with an orbit about 31 days long. Two more transits had been seen, but their orbits remained unaccounted for because they were only single observations (more than one transit observation is needed to pin down a planet’s orbit). The scientists again ran through the list of possible orbits if there were two additional, outer planets that fit the expected chain of resonances across the whole system. The best fit they found: a fifth planet with a 41-day orbit, and a sixth just shy of 55.
At this point the science team almost hit a dead end. The slice of the TESS observations that had any chance of confirming the predicted orbits of the two outer planets had been set aside during processing. Excessive light scattered through the observation field by Earth and the Moon seemed to make them unusable. But not so fast.
Play Bingo While Watching the Psyche Spacecraft Launch! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids


Play Bingo While Watching the Psyche Spacecraft Launch! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids

psyche-launch-bingo

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Play Bingo While Watching the Psyche Spacecraft Launch!

Illustration of the Psyche spacecraft at the asteroid, which is also named Psyche. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech/ASU

In October 2023, NASA will launch the Psyche mission, a journey to a unique metal-rich asteroid orbiting the Sun between Mars and Jupiter. What makes the asteroid Psyche unique is that it may consist largely of metal from the core of a planetesimal–an object that formed early in our solar system that can help us better understand planets like ours.
For Psyche’s launch, we created a launch bingo game. During the launch broadcast, you can mark off the words that you hear!
Download and print the bingo boards below, then check the "Watch Online" page for updates on how and when to watch the Psyche launch broadcast! Cross off each box on the board when you hear any of these words mentioned in the broadcast. When you get a bingo, ask a grownup to share a photo of your board with us on Facebook or Twitter by tagging @NASASolarSystem and using the hashtag #MissionToPsyche!

Download Psyche Launch Bingo Cards
Download Psyche Launch Bingo Cards(black and white)

        	article last updated August 24, 2023
        

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NASA Selects 2 Missions to Study ‘Lost Habitable’ World of Venus - NASA
VERITAS also will map infrared emissions from Venus’ surface to map its rock type, which is largely unknown, and determine whether active volcanoes are releasing water vapor into the atmosphere. Suzanne Smrekar of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, is the principal investigator. JPL provides project management. The German Aerospace Center will provide the infrared mapper with the Italian Space Agency and France’s Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales contributing to the radar and other parts of the mission.
“We’re revving up our planetary science program with intense exploration of a world that NASA hasn’t visited in over 30 years,” said Thomas Zurbuchen, NASA’s associate administrator for science. “Using cutting-edge technologies that NASA has developed and refined over many years of missions and technology programs, we’re ushering in a new decade of Venus to understand how an Earth-like planet can become a hothouse. Our goals are profound. It is not just understanding the evolution of planets and habitability in our own solar system, but extending beyond these boundaries to exoplanets, an exciting and emerging area of research for NASA.”
Zurbuchen added that he expects powerful synergies across NASA’s science programs, including the James Webb Space Telescope. He anticipates data from these missions will be used by the broadest possible cross section of the scientific community.
“It is astounding how little we know about Venus, but the combined results of these missions will tell us about the planet from the clouds in its sky through the volcanoes on its surface all the way down to its very core,” said Tom Wagner, NASA’s Discovery Program scientist. “It will be as if we have rediscovered the planet.”
In addition to the two missions, NASA selected a pair of technology demonstrations to fly along with them. VERITAS will host the Deep Space Atomic Clock-2, built by JPL and funded by NASA’s Space Technology Mission Directorate. The ultra-precise clock signal generated with this technology will ultimately help enable autonomous spacecraft maneuvers and enhance radio science observations. 
DAVINCI+ will host the Compact Ultraviolet to Visible Imaging Spectrometer (CUVIS) built by Goddard.
Activities for Students – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Plus, find tips for learning at home!TAGS:AsteroidsClimate ChangeCometsDIYsProjectsTutorialsVideosEarth DayDwarf PlanetsEarthEarth's MoonExoplanetsJupiterMarsMercuryMissionsMoonsNeptunePlutoRoversSaturnSmall BodiesSpacecraftSunUniverseUranusVenus

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OSIRIS-REx - NASA Science
Search for Life in the UniverseStarsGalaxiesBlack HolesThe Big BangDark Matter &amp; Dark EnergyThe Solar System The SunMercuryVenusEarthThe MoonMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto &amp; Dwarf PlanetsAsteroids, Comets &amp; MeteorsThe Kuiper BeltThe Oort CloudSkywatchingEspañol CienciaAeronáuticaCiencias TerrestresSistema SolarUniversoScience All NASA ScienceEarth SciencePlanetary ScienceAstrophysics & Space ScienceThe Sun & HeliophysicsBiological & Physical SciencesLunar ScienceCitizen ScienceAstromaterialsAeronautics ResearchHuman Space Travel ResearchExploreSearchSubmitNews & EventsMultimediaNASA+OSIRIS-REx OverviewIn DepthMedia ResourcesFAQsExplore This SectionOSIRIS-REx OverviewIn DepthMedia ResourcesFAQsOSIRIS-RExOrigins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security – Regolith Exploreractive MissionLEARN MOREIn-DepthFrequently asked questionsWhy Study Bennu?2023 Sample Delivery updatesVisit OSIRIS-REx BlogOSIRIS-REx is the first U.S. mission to collect a sample from an asteroid. It returned to Earth on Sept. 24, 2023, to drop off material from asteroid Bennu. The spacecraft didn't land, but continued on to a new mission, OSIRIS-APEX, to explore asteroid Apophis. Meanwhile, scientists hope the Bennu sample OSIRIS-REx dropped into the Utah desert will offer clues to whether asteroids colliding with Earth billions of years ago brought water and other key ingredients for life here.Mission TypeSample ReturnDestinationAsteroid Bennusample DELIVEREDSept. 24, 2023ObjectiveCollect asteroid sample and deliver it to EarthOverviewLaunched on Sept. 8, 2016, the Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer, or OSIRIS-REx, spacecraft traveled to a near-Earth asteroid named Bennu (formerly 1999 RQ36) and collected a sample of rocks and dust from the surface. The spacecraft delivered the sample to Earth on Sept. 24, 2023.