vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
MOPITT Search and Subsetting Web Application » Set Search Criteria
MOPITT V9 Derived CO (Near and Thermal Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V9 Derived CO (Near Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V9 Derived CO (Thermal Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V8 Derived CO (Near and Thermal Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V8 Derived CO (Near Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V8 Derived CO (Thermal Infrared Radiances) 

Data variables included in the output file:

APrioriCOMixingRatioProfileAPrioriCOSurfaceMixingRatioAPrioriCOTotalColumnDegreesofFreedomforSignalLatitudeLongitudePressureGridRetrievalAveragingKernelMatrixRetrievedCOMixingRatioProfileRetrievedCOSurfaceMixingRatioRetrievedCOTotalColumnSecondsinDaySurfacePressureTime 

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Retrieved ByproductsAuxiliary DiagnosticsCloud DiagnosticsScene InformationMeasured Radiances 

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The MOPITT instrument began operations on March 3, 2000. The dates reflected in the calendar will represent the range in which the satellite has been in data acquisition mode.
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Modify the geospatial fields to specify your area of interest, or use your mouse directly on the map to draw a bounding box by clicking and dragging.
Terra Instruments | Terra
Dr. Kurtis Thome
      Dr. David J. Diner
      Dr. James R. Drummond
      Dr. Michael D. King
      Mr. Michael J. Abrams
      Dr. Norman G. Loeb
      Dr. Si-Chee Tsay
      Mr. Robert Wolfe
      Mr. Wynn J. Watson
      Dr. Nyssa Rayne

Terra Instruments:
 

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Home › About Terra › Terra Instruments

Terra Instruments

Terra collects data about the Earth’s bio-geochemical and energy systems using five sensors that observe the atmosphere, land surface, oceans, snow and ice, and energy budget. Each sensor has unique features that enable scientists to meet a wide range of science objectives. The five Terra onboard sensors are:

ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer)
CERES (or Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy System)
MISR (Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer)
MODIS (Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)
MOPITT (Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere)

Because all five instruments are on the same satellite making simultaneous observations, scientists are able to compare different aspects of Earth’s characteristics over time.

 

 

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MOPITT Search and Subsetting Web Application » Set Search Criteria
MOPITT Search and Subsetting Web Application » Set Search Criteria

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MOPITT Search and Subsetting Web Application
Set Search Criteria

Step 1:  Select a MOPITT data product and parameter(s)
The data subset options include being able to select data product types and choose a down-selection of parameters to extract. Data parameters have been grouped together based on type and are listed in the left most window.
If you choose not to select additional parameters, then a default package is put into the resulting output file. This default package includes parameters of interest to most MOPITT users including geolocation information, retrieved CO products, a priori CO profiles and retrieval averaging kernels. Any selected additional parameter grouping(s) are shown in the center window. The far right window displays the complete listing of the data parameters that will be included in your output file. For more information about the data parameters, please reference the most recent Product User's Guide.
Users wanting all data parameters in the file must select all parameter groupings.
This subsetting tool currently operates on MOPITT Level 2 products.
In many situations, characteristics of MOPITT daytime and nighttime products are quite different. Over land, retrieval quality is typically greater for daytime overpasses than nighttime overpasses. Users may subset MOPITT daytime and nighttime products using the Solar Zenith Angle Filter.

Choose Solar Zenith Angle Filter:  
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  Choose Data Product:  
 
MOPITT V9 Derived CO (Near and Thermal Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V9 Derived CO (Near Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V9 Derived CO (Thermal Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V8 Derived CO (Near and Thermal Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V8 Derived CO (Near Infrared Radiances)MOPITT V8 Derived CO (Thermal Infrared Radiances) 

Data variables included in the output file:

APrioriCOMixingRatioProfileAPrioriCOSurfaceMixingRatioAPrioriCOTotalColumnDegreesofFreedomforSignalLatitudeLongitudePressureGridRetrievalAveragingKernelMatrixRetrievedCOMixingRatioProfileRetrievedCOSurfaceMixingRatioRetrievedCOTotalColumnSecondsinDaySurfacePressureTime 

Selected Parameter Group(s):

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Choose Parameter Group(s):
E-THEMIS | Instruments – NASA's Europa Clipper
It will seek clues about activity such as cryovolcanos, and regions where the moon’s suspected ocean may be near the surface.

Interact with an isolated view of the instrument.

download options ›

How It Works
How It Works
Objects emit different wavelengths of light depending on their temperatures. E-THEMIS will analyze infrared light from Europa to map the moon’s surface temperature.
Like visible light, infrared is photons. But infrared is outside humans' visual range. E-THEMIS directs infrared light through three filters. Each filter allows only certain wavelengths to pass through. The light then strikes a detector with three segments, each sensitive to one “color,” or wavelength range, of light.
E-THEMIS will use the spacecraft’s motion to scan strips of Europa’s surface. “It’s like the panorama feature on a smart phone,” said Sylvain Piqueux, a JPL planetary scientist on the E-THEMIS science team. “But instead you have three phones next to each other, each observing a different color.”

“One of the things I love about space exploration is that nothing ever looks the way the smartest people think it’s going to look.”

- Sylvain Piqueux, planetary scientist on the E-THEMIS team

How We’ll Use It 
How We’ll Use It
E-THEMIS will scan Europa's surface for relatively warm ice, which may be a sign of recent resurfacing. Other instruments can then target those areas to learn about the moon’s subsurface chemistry. Warmer ice could also mean Europa's suspected ocean is closer to the surface in that location.
Also, when part of Europa rotates out of sunlight, thermal inertia causes granular material to cool faster than large blocks. E-THEMIS will record surface cooling rates to learn about the texture of Europa’s surface. Mapping surface temperature and water near the surface will help to understand Europa’s small-scale properties and might even help to find sites for a possible future lander.
Todos los instrumentos científicos están a bordo para la misión Europa Clipper - NASA Ciencia
Todos los instrumentos científicos están a bordo para la misión Europa Clipper - NASA Ciencia

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MOPITT Data | Terra
MOPITT Data | Terra

MOPITT Data – Terra

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      Dr. Si-Chee Tsay
      Mr. Robert Wolfe
      Mr. Wynn J. Watson
      Dr. Nyssa Rayne

Terra Instruments:
 

ASTER

CERES

MISR
Mission Dispatch: Imaging Spectrometer's First Light – NASA's Europa Clipper
For MISE, this event was the first time that light from a test source in a laboratory traveled through the collection of mirrors, lenses, and detectors in the actual hardware that will fly to Europa in a few short years.
A Legacy of Imaging Spectrometers

The flight model of Europa Clipper’s Mapping Imaging Spectrometer for Europa (MISE) instrument in a cleanroom at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California. 

 
Most of the MISE instrument – including its housing, mirrors, lenses, detectors, shielding, and computer – is custom manufactured. Components come from different institutions, including JPL and APL. However, while the parts may be custom-designed, MISE principal investigator Dr. Diana Blaney notes, “The science of our instrument relies on the science results from the Galileo and Cassini missions’ imaging spectrometers.”
Originally developed by NASA in the 1970s to study Earth from space, imaging spectrometers have grown to play important roles in exploration throughout the solar system. Galileo and Cassini, the first spacecraft to orbit Jupiter and Saturn, respectively, each carried an imaging spectrometer to survey their destination planets, moons, and rings. Especially relevant to Europa Clipper, Galileo provided the most in-depth information about Europa to date, and Cassini revealed that Saturn’s moon Enceladus is an ocean world, just like Europa.
Europa Clipper’s imaging spectrometer also draws on the legacy of the JPL-led M3 (Moon Mineralogy Mapper) instrument on India's Chandrayaan-1 mission, the CRISM (Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars) instrument on NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, and another JPL spectrometer, EMIT (Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation), that will be installed on the International Space Station. EMIT will be the first instrument to comprehensively measure the mineral composition of arid regions on Earth that produce dust.
MISE benefits from this legacy. The engineering team that built the optics and thermal control system for M3, as well as the scanner and electronics for CRISM, also developed MISE. They are familiar with the challenges of building, calibrating, and operating imaging spectrometers for deep space.
MISE | Instruments – NASA's Europa Clipper
How It Works
How It Works
Infrared light enters MISE through a slit. Mirrors direct the light to a calcium fluoride (CaF2) lens, which directs the light to a grating. The grating cuts light into discrete wavelengths, which then strike a detector. But MISE doesn’t produce a picture all at once like a conventional camera.
MISE team member and JPL systems engineer Rick Redick explains further. “With the slit, our observation is only a line, instead of a rectangle,” Redick said. “That way it can measure multiple wavelengths of infrared light in each location.” MISE then captures a second line adjacent to the first, and so on until it has 300 lines. The approach is called push-broom observation. The 300 lines can be combined to make one picture containing the signatures of whatever atoms and molecules are present.
How We'll Use It
How We'll Use It
“We’re looking for salts such as sulfates, carbonates, and other compounds,” said JPL scientist Diana Blaney, principal investigator for MISE. “And we’re looking for organics, which could be coming from the ocean. They would help us understand if Europa is habitable.”
MISE will also detect Europa’s warmest hotspots, which may indicate areas of recent or present plume activity. MISE maps will help scientists understand Europa’s geologic history, and the moon’s suspected ocean. They will also help scientists learn how material circulates between the ocean and Europa’s surface.

“We’re looking for organics, which could be coming from the ocean and could indicate Europa’s habitability.”

- Diana Blaney, JPL scientist and principal investigator for MISE

Meet the Team
Meet the Team

“Europa’s surface composition is how we’ll learn most about its ocean composition,” said Serina Diniega, JPL’s investigation scientist for MISE. The MISE team also collaborates with the mission’s other science teams. They will compare, combine, and synthesize their Europa findings.
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Virtual Vocabulary | NASA eClips
topcompound - A compound is a substance that is formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements. topcompound machine - A compound machine is a machine that consists of more than one simple machine. A wheelbarrow is an example of a compound machine that consists of a lever and a wheel and axle. Scissors, another example of a compound machine, consists of two levers and two wedges. topcompression - Compression is the process of molecules being pressed closer together. topcompression wave - A compression wave is a wave that is propagated by the compression of molecules in a substance. topcomputer model - A computer model is a computer program that uses data, math and computer instructions to predict or simulate events that could occur or have already occurred. topcomputer simulation - A computer simulation is the usage of a computer to imitate a real-world process or system. Computer simulation is a discipline that can assist in the design, creation, and evaluation of complex systems. Designers, program managers, analysts, and engineers use computer simulations to model a real or proposed system using computer software, which is useful when changes to the actual system are difficult to implement, expensive, or are impractical. Some examples of computer simulation familiar to most of us include weather forecasting and flight simulators used for training pilots. topcondensation - Condensation is the process of a gas changing to a liquid. topconduction - Conduction is the transfer of heat between two solid objects that are touching. topconductors - Conductors are materials that easily transfer heat or electricity. topconstellation - The definition of constellation you may be familiar with is a group of stars that can be connected together to form a pattern such as the "Big Dipper." NASA's mission which includes building a new vehicle, the Orion, capable of going to the Moon for lunar exploration and research, is called the Constellation Program. topconstraint - Any limit or restriction given for the design process is called a constraint. topcontinuous - Continuous means going on without stopping or being interrupted. topcontracts - When the heart contracts, or gets smaller, the heart muscle is squeezing a larger space within the heart into a smaller space.