vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
STEM Lessons for Educators – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Classroom Activity
This lesson uses stacking cubes as a way to graph precipitation data, comparing the precipitation averages and seasonal patterns for several locations.

Classroom Activity
Precipitation Towers: Modeling Weather Data

Classroom Activity

Precipitation Towers: Modeling Weather Data

This lesson uses stacking cubes as a way to graph precipitation data, comparing the precipitation averages and seasonal patterns for several locations.
	TAGS:

	ScienceGrades K - 5Earth and Space Science

Problem Set
In this illustrated problem set, students use pi to detect frost in lunar craters, determine the density of Mars' liquid core, calculate the powered output from a dam, and find out how far a spacecraft travels as it returns data to Earth.

Problem Set
Pi in the Sky 9

Problem Set

Pi in the Sky 9

In this illustrated problem set, students use pi to detect frost in lunar craters, determine the density of Mars' liquid core, calculate the powered output from a dam, and find out how far a spacecraft travels as it returns data to Earth.
	TAGS:

	MathematicsGrades 6 - 12Number and Operations

Classroom Activity
In this activity, students will use sea-level rise data to create models and compare short-term trends to long-term trends. They will then determine whether sea-level rise is occurring based on the data.

Classroom Activity
Graphing Sea-Level Trends

Classroom Activity

Graphing Sea-Level Trends

In this activity, students will use sea-level rise data to create models and compare short-term trends to long-term trends. They will then determine whether sea-level rise is occurring based on the data.
	TAGS:

	ScienceGrades 5 - 12Earth and Space Science

Classroom Activity
Students build a model that demonstrates an important contributor to sea-level rise – how water volume increases when the temperature of the water increases.

Classroom Activity
Thermal Expansion Model

Classroom Activity

Thermal Expansion Model

Students build a model that demonstrates an important contributor to sea-level rise – how water volume increases when the temperature of the water increases.
	TAGS:

	ScienceGrades 4 - 12Physical Sciences

Demonstration
The Space Place Experiment Center | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
Pick the image that most matches the shape of your plant.

finish

 Day N 
Choose an image that looks like each plant! It's OK if they still look the same!

Plant 1
Choose Image

Plant 2
Choose Image

Plant 3
Choose Image

Pick the image that most matches the shape of your plant.

Add any observations you might have:

save

Finish Experiment
Finish

Final Observations
You've been running the experiment for 5 days. We recommend running this experiment for at least 8.
Back to Experiment

Did water affect how much the beans grew?

save

Did all of the lima beans grow?

save

Which lima bean grew the most?

save

Which lima bean grew the least?

save

results

Back to Results
Why do plants need water?

Plants are thirsty. They need water to create food. Plants create their own food in a process called photosynthesis. This process uses the energy from light to combine carbon dioxide (from the air) and water (from the ground) to produce sugar. They use the sugar as food.
Without enough water, there would be no photosynthesis, and plants would be unable to survive. Too much water, though, and the plant will drown. Too much water can block the air from reaching the plant and can cause it to rot.
The amount of water in the soil partly determines how much a plant will grow. This means that water also partly determines how much carbon dioxide plants take in from the air.
Scientists are very interested in figuring out how much carbon dioxide plants take in across different areas because carbon dioxide causes our planet to warm. To figure this out, they need to know how much water is in the soil in different areas—a hard measurement to come by.
NASA has come up with a solution to this problem. Two missions—AirMOSS and UAVSAR—can study soil moisture from the sky. Both AirMOSS and UAVSAR are special kinds of radar attached to a plane.
All Mars Resources - NASA Science
All Mars Resources - NASA Science

 Skip to main content Missions Search All NASA MissionsA to Z List of MissionsUpcoming Launches and LandingsSpaceships and RocketsCommunicating with MissionsArtemisJames Webb Space TelescopeHubble Space TelescopeInternational Space StationOSIRIS-RExHumans in Space Why Go to SpaceAstronautsCommercial SpaceDestinationsSpaceships and RocketsLiving in SpaceEarth &amp; Climate Explore Earth ScienceClimate ChangeEarth, Our PlanetEarth Science in ActionEarth MultimediaEarth DataEarth Science ResearchersAbout NASA NASA's ImpactsCenters and FacilitiesDirectoratesOrganizationsPeople of NASACareersInternshipsOur HistoryDoing Business with NASAGet InvolvedContactLearning Resources For Kids and StudentsFor EducatorsFor Colleges and UniversitiesFor ProfessionalsScience for EveryoneSpace Samples for LearningRequest an Exhibit or SpeakerSTEM Engagement at NASAAeronautics Science in the AirNASA AircraftFlight InnovationSupersonic FlightAir Traffic SolutionsGreen Aviation TechDrones & YouTechnology Technology Transfer & SpinoffsSpace Travel TechnologyTechnology Living in SpaceManufacturing and MaterialsRoboticsScience InstrumentsComputingThe Universe ExoplanetsThe Search for Life in the UniverseStarsGalaxiesBlack HolesThe Big BangDark Matter &amp; Dark EnergyThe Solar System The SunMercuryVenusEarthThe MoonMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto &amp; Dwarf PlanetsAsteroids, Comets &amp; MeteorsThe Kuiper BeltThe Oort CloudSkywatchingEspañol CienciaAeronáuticaCiencias TerrestresSistema SolarUniversoScience All NASA ScienceEarth SciencePlanetary ScienceAstrophysics & Space ScienceThe Sun & HeliophysicsBiological & Physical SciencesLunar ScienceCitizen ScienceAstromaterialsAeronautics ResearchHuman Space Travel ResearchExploreSearchSubmitNews & EventsMultimediaNASA+Mars HomeFactsMars ExplorationMissionsRover BasicsMars Exploration Science GoalsMission Timeline SummaryNews
Explore | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
But did it also have other conditions needed for life? 
explore

The Mars Rovers: Spirit and Opportunity

 What did these twin rovers teach us about the history of water on Mars? 
explore

The Mars Rovers: Sojourner

 Learn more about the first rover to land on Mars! 
explore

The Mars Rovers

 How do rovers help us learn more about the Red Planet? 
explore

Types of Galaxies

 Explore the different types of galaxies! 
explore

How Does Our Sun Compare With Other Stars?

 The Sun is actually a pretty average star! 
explore

What Is the Kuiper Belt?

 The icy bits past Neptune’s orbit 
explore

Where Does the Solar System End?

 The Oort Cloud! 
explore

Exosphere

 The outermost layer 
explore

Thermosphere

 The heat that won’t keep you warm 
explore

Ionosphere

 The active, changing layer 
explore

Mesosphere

 The middle layer 
explore

Stratosphere

 The layer made of layers 
explore

Troposphere

 The layer we call home 
explore

Earth's Atmosphere

 A jacket for the planet 
explore

Why Are Planets Round?

 And how round are they? 
explore

What Is an Aurora?

 What causes this beautiful light show? 
explore

What Is Dark Matter?

 and dark energy, too! 
explore

Why Does the Sun Burn Us?

 Sunburns are no fun. 
explore

Lunar Eclipses and Solar Eclipses

 What’s the difference? 
explore

What Is a Galaxy?

 How many are there? 
explore

All About Neptune

 The coldest planet in our solar system 
explore

All About Uranus

 The planet that spins on its side 
explore

All About Saturn

 The planet with beautiful rings 
explore

All About Jupiter

 The biggest planet in our solar system 
explore

All About Mars

 The red planet 
explore

All About Earth

 The planet with living things 
explore

All About Venus
STEM Lessons for Educators – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
All topicsAeronauticsAircraft Probes, Satellites and/or SpacecraftAlgebraArtsAstrobiologyAstronomyCalculusChemistryComputer ProgrammingComputer ScienceData Collection, Analysis and ProbabilityEarthEarth and Space ScienceEarth ProcessesEarth scienceEarth, Earth Science, Language ArtsEarth, Moon and SunElectricity and MagnetismEnergyEngineering and TechnologyGeologyGeometryHeat and ThermodynamicsImage Processing and VisualizationInertiaLanguage ArtsLife SciencesLight and OpticsMaterials ScienceMeasurementMotion and ForcesNumber and OperationsNumber SensePerforming ArtsPhysical SciencesProblem SolvingRemote SensingSatellites and SpacecraftSize and ScaleSolar SystemStates of MatterStructure and Properties of MatterTeachable MomentsThe Design ProcessThe Nature of Science and TechnologyThe Scientific Process 

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Classroom Activity
Student teams use the engineering design process and everyday materials to design an insulator that will keep a small amount of water from rapidly changing temperature.

Classroom Activity
Mars Thermos

Classroom Activity

Mars Thermos

Student teams use the engineering design process and everyday materials to design an insulator that will keep a small amount of water from rapidly changing temperature.
	TAGS:

	EngineeringGrades 4 - 8Engineering and Technology

Classroom Activity
In this video lesson, students learn to design, build and launch paper rockets, calculate how high they fly and improve their designs.

Classroom Activity
Stomp Rockets

Classroom Activity

Stomp Rockets

In this video lesson, students learn to design, build and launch paper rockets, calculate how high they fly and improve their designs.
	TAGS:

	EngineeringGrades 4 - 9The Design Process

Classroom Activity
In this engineering challenge, students must stay within design limitations while creating a balloon and gondola system that can descend or ascend at a given rate or maintain its altitude.

Classroom Activity
Make a Planetary Exploration Balloon

Classroom Activity

Make a Planetary Exploration Balloon

In this engineering challenge, students must stay within design limitations while creating a balloon and gondola system that can descend or ascend at a given rate or maintain its altitude.
	TAGS:
All Mars Resources - NASA Science
All Mars Resources - NASA Science

 Skip to main content Missions Search All NASA MissionsA to Z List of MissionsUpcoming Launches and LandingsSpaceships and RocketsCommunicating with MissionsArtemisJames Webb Space TelescopeHubble Space TelescopeInternational Space StationOSIRIS-RExHumans in Space Why Go to SpaceAstronautsCommercial SpaceDestinationsSpaceships and RocketsLiving in SpaceEarth &amp; Climate Explore Earth ScienceClimate ChangeEarth, Our PlanetEarth Science in ActionEarth MultimediaEarth DataEarth Science ResearchersAbout NASA NASA's ImpactsCenters and FacilitiesDirectoratesOrganizationsPeople of NASACareersInternshipsOur HistoryDoing Business with NASAGet InvolvedContactLearning Resources For Kids and StudentsFor EducatorsFor Colleges and UniversitiesFor ProfessionalsScience for EveryoneSpace Samples for LearningRequest an Exhibit or SpeakerSTEM Engagement at NASAAeronautics Science in the AirNASA AircraftFlight InnovationSupersonic FlightAir Traffic SolutionsGreen Aviation TechDrones & YouTechnology Technology Transfer & SpinoffsSpace Travel TechnologyTechnology Living in SpaceManufacturing and MaterialsRoboticsScience InstrumentsComputingThe Universe ExoplanetsThe Search for Life in the UniverseStarsGalaxiesBlack HolesThe Big BangDark Matter &amp; Dark EnergyThe Solar System The SunMercuryVenusEarthThe MoonMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto &amp; Dwarf PlanetsAsteroids, Comets &amp; MeteorsThe Kuiper BeltThe Oort CloudSkywatchingEspañol CienciaAeronáuticaCiencias TerrestresSistema SolarUniversoScience All NASA ScienceEarth SciencePlanetary ScienceAstrophysics & Space ScienceThe Sun & HeliophysicsBiological & Physical SciencesLunar ScienceCitizen ScienceAstromaterialsAeronautics ResearchHuman Space Travel
STEM Lessons for Educators – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
All topicsAeronauticsAircraft Probes, Satellites and/or SpacecraftAlgebraArtsAstrobiologyAstronomyCalculusChemistryComputer ProgrammingComputer ScienceData Collection, Analysis and ProbabilityEarthEarth and Space ScienceEarth ProcessesEarth scienceEarth, Earth Science, Language ArtsEarth, Moon and SunElectricity and MagnetismEnergyEngineering and TechnologyGeologyGeometryHeat and ThermodynamicsImage Processing and VisualizationInertiaLanguage ArtsLife SciencesLight and OpticsMaterials ScienceMeasurementMotion and ForcesNumber and OperationsNumber SensePerforming ArtsPhysical SciencesProblem SolvingRemote SensingSatellites and SpacecraftSize and ScaleSolar SystemStates of MatterStructure and Properties of MatterTeachable MomentsThe Design ProcessThe Nature of Science and TechnologyThe Scientific Process 

	list view
	 

	grid view
	 

Classroom Activity
Student teams use the engineering design process and everyday materials to design an insulator that will keep a small amount of water from rapidly changing temperature.

Classroom Activity
Mars Thermos

Classroom Activity

Mars Thermos

Student teams use the engineering design process and everyday materials to design an insulator that will keep a small amount of water from rapidly changing temperature.
	TAGS:

	EngineeringGrades 4 - 8Engineering and Technology

Problem Set
In this illustrated math problem, students use pi to measure the water depth of an area mapped by the CORAL mission.

Problem Set
Coral Calculus: A 'Pi in the Sky' Math Challenge

Problem Set

Coral Calculus: A 'Pi in the Sky' Math Challenge

In this illustrated math problem, students use pi to measure the water depth of an area mapped by the CORAL mission.
	TAGS:

	MathematicsGrades 9 - 12Number and Operations

Classroom Activity
This lesson uses stacking cubes as a way to graph precipitation data, comparing the precipitation averages and seasonal patterns for several locations.

Classroom Activity
Precipitation Towers: Modeling Weather Data

Classroom Activity

Precipitation Towers: Modeling Weather Data

This lesson uses stacking cubes as a way to graph precipitation data, comparing the precipitation averages and seasonal patterns for several locations.
	TAGS:

	ScienceGrades K - 5Earth and Space Science
Mars - NASA Science
Travel TechnologyTechnology Living in SpaceManufacturing and MaterialsRoboticsScience InstrumentsComputingThe Universe ExoplanetsThe Search for Life in the UniverseStarsGalaxiesBlack HolesThe Big BangDark Matter &amp; Dark EnergyThe Solar System The SunMercuryVenusEarthThe MoonMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto &amp; Dwarf PlanetsAsteroids, Comets &amp; MeteorsThe Kuiper BeltThe Oort CloudSkywatchingEspañol CienciaAeronáuticaCiencias TerrestresSistema SolarUniversoScience All NASA ScienceEarth SciencePlanetary ScienceAstrophysics & Space ScienceThe Sun & HeliophysicsBiological & Physical SciencesLunar ScienceCitizen ScienceAstromaterialsAeronautics ResearchHuman Space Travel ResearchExploreSearchSubmitNews & EventsMultimediaNASA+HomeMarsMars HomeFactsMars ExplorationMissionsRover BasicsMars Exploration Science GoalsMission Timeline SummaryNews & FeaturesMultimediaAll PlanetsMercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto & Dwarf PlanetsOur Solar SystemExplore This SectionMars HomeFactsMars ExplorationNews & FeaturesMultimediaAll PlanetsOur Solar SystemMarsMars is the fourth planet from the Sun, and the seventh largest.
Manufacturing and Materials - NASA
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Clare Luckey: Shaping the Future of Mars Missions and Inspiring the Artemis Generation 

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Astronaut Exercise

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NASA, IBM Research to Release New AI Model for Weather, Climate

article

3 days ago

 

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NASA “Wildfire Digital Twin” Pioneers New AI Models and Streaming Data Techniques for Forecasting Fire and Smoke

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5 Things to Know About NASA’s Tiny Twin Polar Satellites

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NASA’s Psyche Fires Up Its Sci-Fi-Worthy Thrusters

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The Next Full Moon is the Flower, Corn, or Corn Planting Moon

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Hubble Captures a Bright Spiral in the Queen’s Hair

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5 min read

Galaxies Actively Forming in Early Universe Caught Feeding on Cold Gas

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Open Science News

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E.11 Consortium in Biological Sciences Clarification on how to Address Eligibility

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Updated Points of Contact for LDAP, MDAP, and DDAP

article
History
With Mars Observer went the Planetary Observer line of missions—no more were built.Magellan's approval built momentum for the Cassini-Huygens mission to Saturn, a more complex and difficult political effort. Cassini-Huygens mission was a joint NASA-European Space Agency (ESA) mission, with NASA providing the launch vehicle and JPL-built orbiter, and ESA providing an atmosphere entry probe targeted at the Saturnian moon Titan. ESA approved the joint mission in 1988, and NASA followed in 1989. But the sudden dissolution of the Warsaw Pact and the Soviet Union over the next few years resulted in NASA's budget unexpectedly shrinking, and Congress threatened to terminate Cassini in 1992 and again in 1994. The international commitment to the mission saved it, though a budget cut forced the cancellation of Cassini's instrument scan platform – ironically increasing the mission's operating cost over its very long life. Cassini-Huygens spacecraft in JPL's 25 foot Space Simulator on January 31, 1997. Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech The Cassini-Huygens mission left Earth on Oct. 15, 1997, and reached Saturn in June 2004. On its third orbit of Saturn, the orbiter released ESA's Huygens probe for its Titan descent, which occurred on Jan. 13, 2005. Huygens recorded the most distant planetary landing to date, and operated for 72 minutes on the moon's frozen surface before its batteries failed.The Cassini orbiter continued to study Saturn, its rings and moons until Sept. 15, 2017, when its fuel ran low and the flight team crashed the spacecraft into Saturn's atmosphere to avoid contaminating moons that could harbor native microscopic life.Cassini circled Saturn for nearly half of the giant planet's 29.5 year orbit around the Sun, studied the seasonal changes in its atmosphere during that time, and made dozens of flybys of its moons. Among its many discoveries was super-low temperature volcanism ("cryovolcanism") on the tiny moon Enceladus, with the spacecraft even flying through a plume of gas and dust to sample it. The plume contained chemicals that could fuel microbial life, exciting scientists interested in the search for life off Earth.
NASA, Industry to Start Designing More Sustainable Jet Engine Core - NASA
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Clare Luckey: Shaping the Future of Mars Missions and Inspiring the Artemis Generation 

article

5 hours ago

 

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Hubble Captures a Bright Spiral in the Queen’s Hair

article

9 hours ago

 

5 min read

Galaxies Actively Forming in Early Universe Caught Feeding on Cold Gas

article

1 day ago

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3 min read

Welcome Back to Planet Earth, Expedition 70 Crew! 

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3 days ago

 

6 min read

Astronaut Exercise

article

4 days ago

 

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Eleasa Kim: Pioneering CLDP Payload Operations and Cultural Integration

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1 week ago

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NASA, IBM Research to Release New AI Model for Weather, Climate

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2 days ago

 

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NASA “Wildfire Digital Twin” Pioneers New AI Models and Streaming Data Techniques for Forecasting Fire and Smoke

article

3 days ago

 

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article

1 week ago

Highlights

 

4 min read

NASA’s Psyche Fires Up Its Sci-Fi-Worthy Thrusters

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2 days ago

 

5 min read

NASA’s Juno Provides High-Definition Views of Europa’s Icy Shell

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1 week ago

 

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The Next Full Moon is the Flower, Corn, or Corn Planting Moon

article

1 week ago

Featured

 

2 min read

Hubble Captures a Bright Spiral in the Queen’s Hair

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9 hours ago

 

5 min read

Galaxies Actively Forming in Early Universe Caught Feeding on Cold Gas

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Learning Space With NASA at Home – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Play Video

Make a Moon Phases Calendar
science | Grades K-12

 

Play Video

Make a Moon Crater
science | Grades K-8

 

Play Video

Make an Astronaut Lander
engineering | Grades 3-8

 

Play Video

Imagine You're an Astronaut
science | Grades K-5

 

Play Video

Make a Cloud Mobile
science | Grades 3-8

 

Play Video

Make a Comet
science | Grades 2-8

Activities

Grades K-2
Grades 3-5
Grades 6-8
Grades 9-12

Grades K-2
Are you interested in space, robots, building and exploring? At NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, we build robots that explore space and you can explore space with us at home! Find projects to build a cardboard rover, watch videos about landing on Mars, build your own space mission and learn something new about the Moon. Plus explore more at the links below!
Explore More

› NASA Space Place
› NASA Learning Resources for Grades K-4
› 10 Things to Do With NASA at Home
› Standards-aligned lessons for educators

project
Make a Scale Solar System
mathematics

 

project
Mission to Mars Student Challenge
engineering

 

project
Build a Rover and More With Shapes
mathematics

 

project
Building With Spaghetti
engineering

 

video
Solar System Size and Distance
science

 

project
Build a Rocket and More With Shapes
mathematics

 

project
Write a Poem About Space
science

 

slideshow
NASA Space Poetry
science

 

project
The Types of Clouds and What They Mean
science

 

project
How Melting Ice Causes Sea Level Rise
science

 

project
Make a Paper Mars Helicopter
engineering

 

project
Make a Moon Crater
science

 

project
Imagine You're an Astronaut
science

 

game
Build Your Own Space Mission
engineering

 

slideshow
The Space We Love
science

 

slideshow
What's That Space Rock?
science

 

slideshow
Can You Spot Mercury?
science

 

project