vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Education News & Blogs – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
The DSN is made up of an array of giant antennas situated around the globe (in California, Spain, and Australia) that allow us to keep in contact with distant spacecraft as Earth rotates. When scientists and engineers want to send commands to a spacecraft in deep space, they turn to the Deep Space Network, NASA’s international array of giant antennas. | Watch on YouTubeAlthough sending transmissions using radio frequencies works well, advances in spacecraft technology mean we're collecting and transmitting a lot more data than in the past. The more data a spacecraft collects and needs to transmit to Earth, the more time it takes to transmit that data. And with so many spacecraft waiting to take their turn transmitting via the DSN's antennas, a sort of data traffic jam is on the horizon. This interactive shows a real-time simulated view of communications between spacecraft and the DSN. Explore more on DSN NowTo alleviate the potential traffic jam, NASA is testing technology known as optical communications, which allows spacecraft to send and receive data at a higher information rate so that each transmission takes less of the DSN’s time.The technology benefits scientists and engineers – or anyone who is fascinated by space – by allowing robotic spacecraft exploring planets we can't yet visit in person to send high-definition imagery and stream video to Earth for further study. Optical communications could also play an important role in upcoming human missions to the Moon and eventually to Mars, which will require a lot of data transmission, including video communication.But why transmit a video of a cat? For a test of this kind, engineers would normally send randomly generated test data. But, in this case, to mark what was a significant event for the project, the team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory worked with the center's DesignLab to create a fun video featuring the pet of a JPL employee – a now famous orange tabby named Taters – chasing a laser. The video was also a nod to the project's use of lasers (more on that in a minute) and the first television test broadcast in 1928 that featured a statue of the cartoon character Felix the Cat. This 15-second ultra-high-definition video featuring a cat named Taters was streamed via laser from deep space by NASA on Dec. 11, 2023.
Guides | NASA eClips
A rubric is included to assist with evaluation. These open-ended packets can be applied to any design project and can be used to enhance existing curriculum.
 

Interactive Lessons use a variety of digital technologies and hands-on activities to bring about conceptual change and deepen scientific knowledge.
 

 Educator Guides (Grades K-5)
 

 Educator Guides (Grades 6-8)
 

 Educator Guides (Grades 9-12)
 

 Guide Lites (3-18 years old) 

 Engineering Design Packets 

 Spotlite Interactive Lessons 

 NASA Launchpad: Analyzing Spectra 

 Analyzing Spectra introduces students to the concept of line spectra and how they can be used as an analysis tool. Students are first introduced to the concept of visible light and the fact that white light is made up of different colors. Working in teams, students construct a spectroscope and observe and analyze different light sources. They are then challenged to apply their knowledge to identify the composition of an unknown. 

 Download Full Guide 

 NASA Launchpad: Biomes 

 NASA Biomes teaches students about the Earth's ecosystems or biomes. Students explore the six spheres within the Earth system and discuss how they are inter-related. Next they focus on the individual biomes within the biosphere. Finally, students examine coral reefs and investigate how they are affected by water temperature. 

 Download Full Guide 

 NASA Launchpad: Cooling Off 

 NASA Cooling Off introduces students to the challenge of maintaining temperatures while in space. Thinking and acting like scientists and engineers, students learn to measure specific heat capacity and design an improved cooling system like those used in spacesuits. Students utilize a design process to create and evaluate their designs. 

 Download Full Guide 

 NASA Launchpad: In Case of Emergency 

 NASA In Case of Emergency introduces students to NASA technology and how basic laws of motion relate to spacecraft safety. Working in teams, students conduct an experiment and analyze data to explore projectile motion. Then, students are challenged to apply their knowledge to develop a working model of the Orion launch abort system. 

 Download Full Guide 

 NASA Launchpad: Lunar Habitats - Home on the Moon
Real World: Using Math and New Tech to Study Lunar Rocks | Real World | NASA eClips
Real World: Tools for Construction - NASA's Lunar Crane [Archived] 

 Real World: Lessons in Heavy Metal [Archived] 

 Real World: Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Resources [Archived] 

 Real World: Lunar Landing Test Designs [Archived] 

 Real World: The Math Involved in ARES[Archived] 

 Real World: Space Shuttle Thermal Protection System [Archived] 

 Real World: Moon Dirt [Archived] 

 Real World: Scarab, NASA's Newest Lunar Exploration Rover [Archived] 

Real World: Using Math and New Tech to Study Lunar Rocks

Description

Lunar rock samples, gathered more than 50 years ago, continue to reveal mysteries about our nearest neighbor, the Moon. This Real World video explores techniques used to protect and preserve the Moon rock samples, and showcases the role mathematics plays in this process.
Published on: February 07, 2024 

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YouTube 

Download Narrated Video 

NOTE: Download Caption file and link it in your player to get caption in the video.
 

Related Links

Related NASA eClips Resources 

 NASA eClips Ask SME: Lunar Sample Curator - Dr. Ryan Zeigler. K-5, 6-8, 9-12 

 NASA eClips Ask SME: Senior Sample Processor, Lab Manager - Andrea Mosie. K-5, 6-8, 9-12 

 NASA eClips Guide Lites: Crater Maps. K-5, 6-8, 9-12 

 NASA eClips Our World: Crater Maps and Earth Landforms Educator Guide. K-5 

 NASA eClips Our World: Dirt Educator Guide. K-5 

 NASA eClips Our World: The Stories Moon Rocks Tell. K-5 

Background Information 

 Lunar and Planetary Institute Apollo 11 Lunar Samples. K-5, 6-8, 9-12 

 Lunar and Planetary Institute Collecting Moon Rocks. K-5, 6-8, 9-12 

 NASA Astromaterials. K-5, 6-8, 9-12 

 NASA Lunar Rocks and Soils from Apollo Missions.
Lunar Discovery and Exploration - NASA Science
It also helps us understand the influence the Moon has had on the Earth, the record of the ancient Sun, and it serves as a platform to study the rest of the universe.Read MoreNASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) team released this topographical image of the Moon’s surface which was achieved by using the LRO Wide Angle Camera (WAC) and the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA). The pixel scale is about 100 meters which means a single measure of elevation (one pixel) is about two football fields side-by-side. This map is a near-globe representation of the moon with an elevation color chart on the right measured in meters. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/DLR/Arizona State UniversityElementsThe Lunar Discovery and Exploration Program (LDEP) has several coordinated and focused elements to facilitate study and exploration of the Moon.DEP supports industry partnerships and innovative approaches to accomplishing exploration and science goals, including the Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS).Read MoreTim Crain, second from the right, speaks with Thomas Zurbuchen, second from the left, about the lunar lander pictured. Crain is the vice president of Research and Development of Intuitive Machines which is one of three companies that will provide the first lunar landers for the Artemis program’s lunar surface exploration. Zurbuchen is the NASA Associate Administrator for the Science Mission Directorate (SMD) and he met Crain at Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland. Image credit: NASA/Aubrey GemignaniCLPS OverviewCommercial Lunar Payload Services DeliveriesCLPS deliveries and lunar surface destinations that are planned for the near-term and represent the deliveries for which there are selected instruments/payloads.Read MoreArtist’s infographic of planned flights through CLPS and their approximate landing locations on the Moon; includes name and image likeness of commercial CLPS landers.
Build a Bubble-Powered Rocket! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
Build a Bubble-Powered Rocket! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids

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Build a Bubble-Powered Rocket!

Build a Bubble-Powered Rocket!

 Build your own rocket using paper and fizzing tablets! Watch it lift off. How high does your rocket go? Print this page for the instructions.

Suggestion: Find a grown-up to do this activity with you.

Materials:

Paper, regular 8-1/2- by 11-inch paper, such as computer printer paper or even notebook paper.
Plastic 35-mm film canister (see hints below)
Cellophane tape
Scissors
Effervescing (fizzing) antacid tablet (the kind used to settle an upset stomach)
Paper towels
Water
Eye protection (like eye glasses, sun glasses, or safety glasses)

Hints: 

 The film canister MUST be one with a cap that fits INSIDE the rim instead of over the outside of the rim. Sometimes photography shops have extras of these and will be happy to donate some for such a worthy cause.


	Keep in mind:
 Just like with real rockets, the less your rocket weighs and the less air resistance (drag) it has, the higher it will go.

 Making the Rocket
You must first decide how to cut your paper. You may cut it the short way or the long way to make the body of the rocket. There is no one right way to make a paper rocket. Try a long, skinny rocket or a short, fat rocket. Try a sharp nosecone or a blunt nosecone. Try it with fins or without fins. Experiment!
Here's just one idea for how you might cut your whole rocket from one piece of paper:

Here are the basic steps: 

Cut out all the pieces for your rocket.
Wrap and tape a tube of paper around the film canister.
Activities for Students – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Activities for Students – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

 

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Education News & Blogs – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Start by watching our video series How to Do a Science Fair Project. A scientist and an engineer from JPL walk your students through all the steps they will need to create an original science fair project by observing the world around them and asking questions. You can also explore our science fair starter pack of lessons and projects to get students generating ideas and thinking like scientists and engineers.Learning Resources Video Series How to Do a Science Fair Project Learn all the ins and outs of crafting your very own science fair project. Collection Science Fair Lessons for Educators Teach students how to craft their own science and engineering fair project with these video tutorials and lessons featuring NASA missions and science. Collection Science Fair Activities for Students Learn how to design a science and engineering fair project and get inspired with our catalog of student projects featuring NASA missions and science. JanuaryJanuary 4 - Take a Closer Look at Jupiter's 'Pizza Moon'Everyone's favorite pizza moon is getting another series of close-ups from NASA's Juno mission. Now that Juno has completed its primary science goals, mission planners are tweaking the spacecraft's orbit to send it past some of Jupiter's most fascinating moons. Io – notable for the more than 150 active volcanoes that splotch its surface like a bubbling cheese pizza – is next on the docket with two planned flybys this school year. Keep an eye on the mission website for updates and images from the first flyby on Dec. 30, 2023 that you can use to engage students before the second flyby on Feb. 3, 2024.While on the topic of Juno, which holds the title of the most distant solar-powered spacecraft, it's a great opportunity to segue into math lessons involving pi, exponents, and the inverse square law. Or, highlight another record-holder: Rosaly Lopes, the JPL scientist who discovered 71 active volcanoes on Io, for which she was given the 2006 Guiness World Record for her discovery of the most active volcanoes anywhere.Learning Resources Collection Juno Lessons for Educators Explore classroom activities to bring the excitement of STEM and NASA's Juno mission to students. Collection Juno Activities for Students Learn all about NASA's Juno mission with these projects, slideshows, and videos for students.
Imagine the Universe! Lesson Plans


Imagine the Universe! Lesson Plans

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Imagine the Universe!

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Imagine the Universe! Lesson Plans

 

Imagine the Universe! Lesson Plans

The following Lesson Plans are available:
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according to that column.  Clicking the same column again will
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Title & Topic
Subject
Grade Level
Math Standard
Science Standard

What's the Frequency, Roy G. Biv?
Wavelengths & frequencies in the EM spectrum
Math
6-8
Patterns & FunctionsAlgebraStatistics
Science as Inquiry

Time That Star!
Measuring periodic behavior
Math
7-12
AlgebraStatisticsFunctions
Science as InquiryMotions & Forces

X-ray Spectroscopy
Multi-lesson unit on the origin of the elements and their
    identification in supernova remnants

Math/Sp Sci
9-12
Problem SolvingCommunicationConnectionsAlgebra
    Statistics
Science as InquiryPhysical ScienceEarth and Space
    ScienceScience as TechnologyHistory and Nature of Science

Supernova Chemistry!
Identifying elements using spectroscopy
Chemistry
11-12
Pattern Recognition
Struct./Prop. of MatterOrigin/Evol.of Univ.

How Far... How Powerful
Find out how far away and how powerful gamma-ray bursts truly are
PhysicsChemistry
11-12
AlgebraRepresentation
Unifying ConceptsPhysical ScienceScience & Tech.History & Nature of Science

   Our lesson plans are being developed by both teachers and the Imagine the Universe! Team. If you have an idea you'd like to contribute, be sure
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A service of the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC), Dr. Andy Ptak (Director), within the Astrophysics Science Division (ASD) at NASA/GSFC

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Missions
Euclid will investigate the profound cosmic mysteries of dark matter and dark energy.
 . Launch date: July 2023 Mission Category: Mission. | future Category: future. Mission Category: Mission. | future Category: future. Lunar Trailblazer 
 NASA’s Lunar Trailblazer mission will provide new insights into the lunar water cycle.
 . Launch date: 2023 Mission Category: Mission. | current Category: current. Mission Category: Mission. | current Category: current. Surface Water and Ocean Topography 
 Designed to make the first-ever global survey of Earth's surface water, the Surface Water and Ocean Topography, or SWOT, satellite will collect detailed measurements of how water bodies on Earth change over time.
 . Launch date: Dec. 16, 2022 Mission Category: Mission. | current Category: current. Mission Category: Mission. | current Category: current. Lunar Flashlight 
 Roughly the size of a briefcase, Lunar Flashlight is a very small satellite being developed and managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory that will use near-infrared lasers and an onboard spectrometer to map ice in permanently shadowed regions near the Moon's south pole.
 . Launch date: Dec. 11, 2022 
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Make No-Bake Moon Cookies! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
We would like to thank the Daniel Boone Regional Library in Columbia, Missouri, for sharing this recipe for delicious Moon Cookies!

 Download a PDF of this activity.

Fun Moon Facts:

Scientists think the moon formed when a Mars-sized object crashed into Earth.
When the moon formed, it was much closer to Earth. It must have looked giant in the sky!
The moon is getting about 1-1/2 inch farther away from Earth every year.
The moon is bright because it reflects sunlight.
There is no air on the moon. The Apollo astronauts had to bring their own!
The moon's gravity is only about 1/6 as strong as Earth's. When Apollo astronaut Alan Shepard hit a golf ball on the moon in 1971, it probably landed over two miles away!

 	article last updated April 15, 2020
 

More about the Moon!

How far away is the moon?

Why is the moon so scarred with craters?

If you liked this, you may like:

Make Oreo Moon Phases!

Make a Planet Mask!

Why Does the Moon Have Craters?

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Education News & Blogs – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Infographic: Planet Pi This poster shows some of the ways NASA scientists and engineers use the mathematical constant pi (3.14) and includes common pi formulas. Downloads Can't get enough pi? Download this year's NASA Pi Day Challenge graphics, including mobile phone and desktop backgrounds:	 Pi in the Sky 10 Poster (PDF, 11.3 MB) Perseverance Mars Rover Background: Phone | Desktop James Webb Space Telescope Background: Phone | Desktop Psyche Mission Background: Phone | Desktop 2023 Eclipse Background: Phone | 	Desktop National Council of Teachers of Mathematics: Notice and Wonder Creative brainstorming through noticing and wondering encourages student participation, engagement, and students' understanding of the NASA Pi Day Challenge. Subject Mathematics Pi Day: What's Going 'Round Tell us what you're up to this Pi Day and share your stories and photos on our showcase page. Plus, join the conversation using the hashtag #NASAPiDayChallenge on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.Related Lessons for Educators Robotic Arm Challenge In this challenge, students will create a model robotic arm to move items from one location to another. They will engage in the engineering design process to design, build and operate the arm. Grades K-8 Time 30 min to 1 hour NASA's Mission to Mars Student Challenge Take part in the exploration of Mars and bring students along for the ride with NASA's Perseverance rover. Grades K-12 Time Varies Moon Phases Students learn about the phases of the moon by acting them out. Grades 1-6 Time 30 min to 1 hour Modeling the Earth-Moon System Students learn about scale models and distance by creating a classroom-size Earth-Moon system. Grades 6-8 Time 30 min to 1 hour Math of the Expanding Universe Students will learn about the expanding universe and the redshift of lightwaves, then perform their own calculations with a distant supernova. Grades 9-12 Time 30 min to 1 hour The Expanded Universe: Playing with Time Activity Guide In this activity, participants use balloons to model the expansion of the universe and observe how expansion affects wavelengths of light and distance between galaxies James Webb Space Telescope STEM Toolkit Find a collection of resources, activities, videos, and more for your students to learn about NASA’s newest space observatory.
Charlene Pfeifer - NASA Science
I would participate in running races, and if I wasn’t going for a personal record and was running with friends, we would go running in costume.My early costumes were very “crafts-y” because I didn’t own a sewing machine at the time. I started feeling frustrated at my costumes being mangled after running 13 miles in them, and I started looking up how to make costumes that were beyond pieces bought on Amazon, at Michael’s, or JoAnns and superglued together. That was when I started to see how awesome building costumes and props could be. I find it a lot of fun to bring what people think of as imaginary to life.How do you make your costumes? What have been some of your favorites?When I decide on a costume or prop to make, I start aggregating a lot of reference material that I can find online. This can be anything from artist concepts of the character and in-game screenshots or movie stills. I figure out what parts are feasible to make, as well as how ambitious I want to go with adding effects beyond lighting. The materials I use vary greatly, but my general go-to is foam and my 3D printer. Foam is great for large pieces such as armor, or general base structures. I use my own 3D printer for printing out detailed pieces I’d model. It’s funny looking back, considering that my first start with 3D modeling was when I modeled and fabricated parts for private aircraft!My favorite costume that I’ve made is a character called Mei from the game “Overwatch” by Blizzard Entertainment. She is a scientist who has a little robotic sidekick named Snowball. I was entering the BlizzCon Costume Contest for the first time, and I thought that this would be a character who was both fun and challenging to make.