vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Documentary Series: JPL and the Space Age
A tight budget, threats of cancellation, and friction between what scientists want and engineers can do are just some of the obstacles that have to be worked out by an international team of scientists and engineers from 27 nations. Time and again the project is forced to compromise, including even the flight path to Saturn. It requires first flying in towards the Sun to Venus. Twice. Finally, after a journey of seven long years, the fate of the mission depends on what happens in just three hours. Will Cassini’s rarely used main engine light up and slow down the spacecraft enough to be captured by Saturn’s gravity? Or will the spacecraft be destroyed as it flies through a gap in Saturn’s rings? Find out in Part One of Triumph at Saturn.View episode ›Episode 14: Triumph at Saturn (Part II)With the Cassini spacecraft, built by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, safely in orbit around Saturn, science takes center stage, beginning with the dramatic descent of the European Space Agency’s Huygens probe to the surface of Saturn’s shrouded moon Titan. For some scientists, Titan has been a higher priority for exploration than even Saturn itself. That’s because Titan may resemble what Earth was like billions of years ago. Huygens and Cassini will find there lakes and seas of liquid methane and signs of volcanos gushing out icy water from an ocean hidden beneath Titan’s icy shell. And whenever water is mentioned, it’s not long before the question is raised: “Is this a place that could possibly support life?” The same question will be asked about Saturn’s moon Enceladus, where geysers were found to be spewing water ice particles out into space. These are but two of the unexpected discoveries made by this international mission that won over the hearts of millions world-wide while fundamentally altering the way we view our solar system.View episode ›Episode 15: Sky HighThink "NASA," and what comes to mind? Astronauts? Mars rovers? Voyager and the Golden Record? How about Earth?In fact, NASA has been studying and monitoring the health of our home planet for decades, using balloons, aircraft, satellites, and even the International Space Station in the effort.
Virtual Vocabulary | NASA eClips
topmagnetic field - The magnetic field is the region around a magnet where its force attracts or repels materials. topmagnitude - Magnitude is the size (or amount or quantity) of a measurement or object. topmare - Mare are the large, dark areas of the moon that are made of basalt. topMars - Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun. Mars is about one-sixth the size of Earth. It is sometimes called the "Red Planet" because of its reddish color, which it gets from the iron in its soil. Mars is extremely cold (average temperature is -80?F). Mars is rocky and has canyons, volcanoes and craters all over its surface. topMars 2020 Rover - The Mars 2020 Rover is part of the Mars 2020 mission looking at potential for life on Mars. The Mars rover is car-sized (about 10 feet long, 9 feet wide, and 7 feet tall) and weighs less than a compact car (2,314 pounds). The Mars 2020 Rover will look for signs of habitable conditions in the past, signs of past microbial life, and use its drill to collect core samples of Mars' surface. topMars helicopter - The Mars Helicopter is a planned robotic helicopter that will travel to Mars with the Mars 2020 rover. It will test the technology necessary for a controlled flight in Mars' thin atmosphere, scouting out possible interesting targets for future studies on the Red Planet and the best driving routes for future Mars rovers. topMars Reconnaissance Orbiter - The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter is a multipurpose spacecraft that was launched on Aug. 12, 2005 to advance our understanding of Mars. The purpose of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter was to make detailed observations about the planet and to examine potential landing sites for future surface missions. topmass - The amount of matter in an object is the object's mass. Objects are made up of atoms containing varying numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons which determine their mass. topmatter - Matter is often defined as anything that has mass and takes up space (has volume), and it is the generic term for the substance of which all physical objects are composed. Matter can be in several different states, including solids, liquids or gases.
Mars Science Laboratory: Curiosity Rover - NASA Science
Curiosity's large size allows it to carry an advanced kit of 10 science instruments. It has tools including 17 cameras, a laser to vaporize and study small pinpoint spots of rocks at a distance, and a drill to collect powdered rock samples. It hunts for special rocks that formed in water and/or have signs of organics.The Curiosity rover has taught us a lot about the history of Mars and its potential to support life. Take a tour of its landing site, Gale Crater. Credit NASA/JPL-CaltechWatchScienceCuriosity is seeking evidence of organics, the chemical building blocks of life.Raw ImagesView raw images sent back by Curiosity from its explorations on Mars.ResourcesVisit the one-stop-shop for all Curiosity media.Mission UpdatesRead updates provided by self-selected Mars Science Laboratory mission team members who love to share what Curiosity is doing with the public.News and FeaturesAll Curiosity Rover NewsArticle6 min readNASA Scientists Gear Up for Solar Storms at MarsArticle5 min readWhy is Methane Seeping on Mars? NASA Scientists Have New Ideas5 min readNASA’s Curiosity Searches for New Clues About Mars’ Ancient WaterArticle2 months ago4 min readNASA’s Curiosity Rover Captures a Martian Day, From Dawn to DuskArticle5 months ago5 min readNASA’s Curiosity Rover Clocks 4,000 Days on MarsArticle7 months agoKeep ExploringDiscover More Topics From NASAJames Webb Space TelescopePerseverance RoverParker Solar ProbeJunoReturn to topThe National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA explores the unknown in air and space, innovates for the benefit of humanity, and inspires the world through discovery.About NASA's MissionJoin UsHomeNews & EventsMultimediaNASA+MissionsHumans in SpaceEarth & ClimateThe Solar SystemThe UniverseScienceAeronauticsTechnologyLearning ResourcesAbout NASANASA en EspañolFollow NASAMore NASA Social AccountsNASA NewslettersSitemapFor MediaPrivacy PolicyFOIANo FEAR ActOffice of the IGBudget & Annual ReportsAgency Financial ReportsContact NASAAccessibilityPage Last Updated:3 weeks agoPage Editor:SMD Content EditorsResponsible NASA Official for Science:Dana Bolles
NASA’s Webb Finds Carbon Source on Surface of Jupiter’s Moon Europa - NASA
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Mission to Mars Student Challenge - NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
30-60 mins 

 Student Video 

 Mars in a Minute: Is Mars Really Red? 
This 60-second video answers one of the most frequently asked questions about our planetary neighbor.

 Science |
 
 K-12 |
 
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 Student Video 

 Mars in a Minute: Is Mars Red Hot? 
What would it feel like if you could stand on Mars – toasty warm, or downright chilly?

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 Student Video 

 Mars in a Minute: How Long is a Year on Mars? 
How long is does it take Mars to make one trip around the Sun?

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 Student Video 

 Mars in a Minute: How Did Mars Get Such Enormous Mountains? 
Why are the tallest peaks in the solar system found on one of its smallest worlds? Like any planet, how Mars looks outside is tied to what goes on inside.

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 Student Video 

 Mars in a Minute: What's Inside Mars? 
We know what the Red Planet looks like from the outside – but what's going on under the surface of Mars?

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 Mars in a Minute: Are There Quakes on Mars? 
Are there earthquakes on Mars – or rather, "marsquakes"? What could they teach us about the Red Planet?

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 Educator Guide 

 Art and the Cosmic Connection 
Students use art to describe and recognize the geology on Mars.

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 Educator Guide 

 Solar System Bead Activity 
Students create a scale model of the solar system using beads and string.

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 Whip Up a Crater 
Use baking ingredients to whip up a Mars-like crater as a demonstration for students.

 Science |
 
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 Student Project 

 Make a Moon Crater
Mars News & Features - NASA Science
BangDark Matter &amp; Dark EnergyThe Solar System The SunMercuryVenusEarthThe MoonMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto &amp; Dwarf PlanetsAsteroids, Comets &amp; MeteorsThe Kuiper BeltThe Oort CloudSkywatchingEspañol CienciaAeronáuticaCiencias TerrestresSistema SolarUniversoScience All NASA ScienceEarth SciencePlanetary ScienceAstrophysics & Space ScienceThe Sun & HeliophysicsBiological & Physical SciencesLunar ScienceCitizen ScienceAstromaterialsAeronautics ResearchHuman Space Travel ResearchExploreSearchSubmitNews & EventsMultimediaNASA+Mars HomeFactsMars ExplorationMissionsRover BasicsMars Exploration Science GoalsMission Timeline SummaryNews & FeaturesMultimediaAll PlanetsMercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto & Dwarf PlanetsOur Solar SystemExplore This SectionMars HomeFactsMars ExplorationNews & FeaturesMultimediaAll PlanetsOur Solar SystemMars News & FeaturesSearch Search Clare Luckey: Shaping the Future of Mars Missions and Inspiring the Artemis Generation 5 min readAs a member of the Mars Architecture Team, Clare Luckey is one of the people at the forefront of designing the first crewed mission to the Red Planet. Her current work involves helping to develop the vision for the initial…Article1 day agoNASA, European Space Agency Unite to Land Europe’s Rover on Mars2 min readNASA and ESA (European Space Agency) announced Thursday they signed an agreement to expand NASA’s work on the ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover, an ESA-led mission launching in 2028 that will search for signs of ancient life on the Red Planet.…News ReleaseNASA Technology Grants to Advance Moon to Mars Space Exploration2 min readNASA has awarded nearly $1.5 million to academic, non-profit, and business organizations to advance state-of-the-art technology that will play a key role in the agency’s return to the Moon under Artemis, as well as future missions to Mars.
Mars News & Features - NASA Science
Mars News & Features - NASA Science

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Education News & Blogs – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Grades 6-12 Time 30 min to 1 hour Tracking Water Using NASA Satellite Data Using real data from NASA’s GRACE satellites, students will track water mass changes in the U.S. Grades 4-8 Time 30 min to 1 hour Modeling the Water Budget Students use a spreadsheet model to understand droughts and the movement of water in the water cycle. Grades 5-8 Time 30 min to 1 hour Related Activities for Students NASA's Earth Minute: Mission to Earth? NASA doesn't just explore outer space! It studies Earth, too, with a fleet of spacecraft and scientists far and wide. Type Video Subject Science Look at the Moon! Journaling Project Draw what you see in a Moon Journal and see if you can predict the moon phase that comes next. Type Project Subject Science Mars in a Minute: Are There Quakes on Mars? Are there earthquakes on Mars – or rather, "marsquakes"? What could they teach us about the Red Planet? Type Video Subject Science Explore MoreInfographic Mars Quick FactsFacts and Figures Earth's Moon Mars Earth Exoplanet Discoveries DashboardMissions and Instruments Mars InSight Lander TESS Mission SWOT Mission Lunar FlashlightWebsites Exoplanets Exploration Mars Exploration NASA Climate NASA Science: Earth's Moon Artemis
TAGS: Pi Day, Pi, Math, NASA Pi Day Challenge, Moon, Lunar Flashlight, Mars, InSight, Earth, Climate, SWOT, Exoplanets, Universe, TESS, Teachers, Educators, Parents, Students, Lessons, Activities, Resources, K-12

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Lyle Tavernier, Educational Technology Specialist, NASA-JPL Education Office

Lyle Tavernier is an educational technology specialist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. When he’s not busy working in the areas of distance learning and instructional technology, you might find him running with his dog, cooking or planning his next trip.

READ MORE

Edu News | 
	December 6, 2021

The Best New STEM Education Resources from NASA-JPL in 2021
By Kim Orr

In 2021, we added nearly 80 STEM education resources to our online catalog of lessons, activities, articles, and videos for educators, students, and families.
Education News & Blogs – NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Solar System Size and DistanceThis video offers a short and simple answer to two of students' most enduring questions: How do the sizes of planets compare and how far is it between them? Plus, it gets at why we don't often (or ever) see images that show all the planets' sizes and distances to scale. Spoiler alert: It's pretty much impossible to do.Get students exploring solar system size and distance in more detail and even making their own scale models with this student project. Code a Mars Helicopter Video GameAs you'll soon see from the rest of this list, coding projects were a big draw this year. This one took off along with Ingenuity, the first helicopter designed to fly on Mars, which made its historic first flight in April. Designed as a test of technology that could be used on future missions, Ingenuity was only slated for a few flights, but it has far exceeded even that lofty goal.In this project, students use the free visual programming language Scratch to create a game inspired by the helicopter-that-could. Make a Moon Phases Calendar and CalculatorJust updated for 2022, this project is part educational activity and part art for your walls. Students learn about moon phases to complete this interactive calendar, which shows when and where to see moon phases throughout the year, plus lists moon events such as lunar eclipses and supermoons. The art-deco inspired design might just have you wanting to make one for yourself, too. The NASA Pi Day ChallengeThis year marked the eighth installment of our annual Pi Day Challenge, a set of illustrated math problems featuring pi (of course) and NASA missions and science. Don't let the name fool you – these problems are fun to solve year round.Students can choose from 32 different problems that will develop their math skills while they take on some of the same challenges faced by NASA scientists and engineers. New this year are puzzlers featuring the OSIRIS-REx asteroid mission, Mars helicopter, Deep Space Network, and aurora science. Educator guides for each problem and problem set are also available here. And don't miss the downloadable posters and virtual meeting backgrounds.
Requests for Exhibits, Artifacts, or Speakers - NASA
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Mars Resources - NASA Science
Search for Life in the UniverseStarsGalaxiesBlack HolesThe Big BangDark Matter &amp; Dark EnergyThe Solar System The SunMercuryVenusEarthThe MoonMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto &amp; Dwarf PlanetsAsteroids, Comets &amp; MeteorsThe Kuiper BeltThe Oort CloudSkywatchingEspañol CienciaAeronáuticaCiencias TerrestresSistema SolarUniversoScience All NASA ScienceEarth SciencePlanetary ScienceAstrophysics & Space ScienceThe Sun & HeliophysicsBiological & Physical SciencesLunar ScienceCitizen ScienceAstromaterialsAeronautics ResearchHuman Space Travel ResearchExploreSearchSubmitNews & EventsMultimediaNASA+Mars HomeFactsMars ExplorationMissionsRover BasicsMars Exploration Science GoalsMission Timeline SummaryNews & FeaturesMultimediaAll PlanetsMercuryVenusEarthMarsJupiterSaturnUranusNeptunePluto & Dwarf PlanetsOur Solar SystemExplore This SectionMars HomeFactsMars ExplorationNews & FeaturesMultimediaAll PlanetsOur Solar SystemMars ResourcesExplore this page for a curated collection of Martian resources, including activities that can be done at home, as well as videos, animations, printable graphics, and online interactives.