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Home › 2014 › OctoberMonth: October 2014

Measuring Earth’s Albedo

Posted on October 21, 2014 by Tassia Owen 
	Posted in News and Events 

NASA Earth Observatory images by Robert Simmon based on data from CERES. Caption by Mike Carlowicz.
Sunlight is the primary driver of Earth’s climate and weather. Averaged over the entire planet, roughly 340 watts per square meter of energy from the Sun reach Earth. About one-third of that energy is reflected back into space, and the remaining 240 watts per square meter is absorbed by land, ocean, and atmosphere. Exactly how much sunlight is absorbed depends on the reflectivity of the atmosphere and the surface.
As scientists work to understand why global temperatures are rising and how carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are changing the climate system, they have been auditing Earth’s energy budget. Is more energy being absorbed by Earth than is being lost to space? If so, what happens to the excess energy?
For seventeen years, scientists have been examining this balance sheet with a series of space-based sensors known as Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System, or CERES. The instruments use scanning radiometers to measure both the shortwave solar energy reflected by the planet (albedo) and the longwave thermal energy emitted by it. Read more

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Voyager 1 Distance from Sun

 This is a real-time indicator of Voyager 1's straight-line distance from the sun in astronomical units (AU) and either miles (mi) or kilometers (km).
 

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 This meter depicts readings by Voyager 1's cosmic ray instrument. The instrument detects charged particles that dominate inside the bubble our sun blows around itself (green) and charged particles that dominate outside our solar bubble (orange). Data from this instrument suggested that Voyager 1 entered interstellar space on Aug. 25, 2012, when the inside particles (green) dipped closer to 0.0 and the outside particles (orange) rose to above 2.0.
 

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Voyager 2 Distance from the Earth

 This is a real-time indicator of Voyager 2's distance from Earth in astronomical units (AU) and either miles (mi) or kilometers (km). Note: Because Earth moves around the sun faster than Voyager 2 is speeding away from the inner solar system, the distance between Earth and the spacecraft actually decreases at certain times of year.
 

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Voyager 2 Distance from the Sun

 This is a real-time indicator of Voyager 2's distance from the sun in astronomical units (AU) and either miles (mi) or kilometers (km). 
 

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Dwarf PlanetsOur Solar SystemExplore This SectionNeptune OverviewFactsExplorationMoonsStoriesGalleryAll PlanetsOur Solar SystemNeptuneNeptune is the eighth, and most distant planet from the Sun. It’s the fourth-largest, and the first planet discovered with math.All About NeptuneSee AllBig BlueNeptune is about four times wider than Earth.Number EightNeptune is 30 AU from the Sun. Earth = 1 AU.A Neptunian YearNeptune takes 165 Earth years to go around the Sun.Ice GiantThe most dense of the giant planets.16 MoonsNamed for sea gods and nymphs in Greek mythology.Rings and ArcsNeptune has five rings and four more ring arcs,Solo VoyagerVoyager 2 is the only spacecraft to visit Neptune.Bring a SpacesuitAtmosphere: molecular hydrogen and atomic helium with a bit of methane.No Life SignsNeptune cannot support life as we know it.Orbit CrossingPluto sometimes comes closer to the Sun than Neptune.Planet Neptune OverviewDark, cold and whipped by supersonic winds, giant Neptune is the eighth and most distant major planet orbiting our Sun. More than 30 times as far from the Sun as Earth, Neptune is not visible to the naked eye. In 2011, Neptune completed its first 165-year orbit since its discovery.The planet’s rich blue color comes from methane in its atmosphere, which absorbs red wavelengths of light, but allows blue ones to be reflected back into space.Neptune was the first planet located through mathematical calculations. Using predictions sent to him by French astronomer Urbain Le Verrier, based on disturbances in the orbit of Uranus, German astronomer Johann Galle was the first to observe the planet in 1846. The planet is named after the Roman god of the sea, as suggested by Le Verrier.Unable to render the provided sourceEyes on the Solar System lets you explore planets, moons, asteroids, comets, and the spacecraft exploring them from 1950 to 2050. Pop CultureEven though Neptune is the farthest planet from our Sun, it's a frequent stop in pop culture and fiction. The planet served as the backdrop for the 1997 science fiction horror film "Event Horizon," while in the cartoon series "Futurama," the character Robot Santa Claus has his home base on Neptune's north pole.
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The inner edge of the Oort Cloud, however, is thought to be between 2,000 and 5,000 AU from the Sun. The outer edge might be 10,000 or even 100,000 AU from the Sun – that's one-quarter to halfway between the Sun and the nearest neighboring star.Though long-period comets observed among the planets are thought to originate in the Oort Cloud, no object has been observed in the distant Oort Cloud itself, leaving it a theoretical concept for the time being. But it remains the most widely-accepted explanation for the origin of long-period comets.Solar System NewsMore Solar System StoriesArticle4 min readNASA’s Psyche Fires Up Its Sci-Fi-Worthy ThrustersArticle5 min readHow NASA Tracked the Most Intense Solar Storm in Decades5 min readNASA’s Juno Provides High-Definition Views of Europa’s Icy ShellArticle1 week ago19 min readThe Next Full Moon is the Flower, Corn, or Corn Planting MoonArticle1 week ago1 min readGood Night, MoonImage ArticleFast FactEven though Voyager 1 travels about a million miles per day, the spacecraft will take about 300 years to reach the inner boundary of the Oort Cloud and probably another 30,000 years to exit the far side.A short video guide to distance in the cosmos. NASA/JPL-CaltechLearn MoreFor Kids: About the Oort CloudExplore more about Oort CloudKeep ExploringDiscover More Topics From NASAAsteroids, Comets & MeteorsKuiper BeltSkywatchingPlutoReturn to topThe National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNASA explores the unknown in air and space, innovates for the benefit of humanity, and inspires the world through discovery.About NASA's MissionJoin UsHomeNews & EventsMultimediaNASA+MissionsHumans in SpaceEarth & ClimateThe Solar SystemThe UniverseScienceAeronauticsTechnologyLearning ResourcesAbout NASANASA en EspañolFollow NASAMore NASA Social AccountsNASA NewslettersSitemapFor MediaPrivacy PolicyFOIANo FEAR ActOffice of the IGBudget & Annual ReportsAgency Financial ReportsContact NASAAccessibilityPage Last Updated:5 months agoPage Editor:SMD Content EditorsResponsible NASA Official for Science:Dana Bolles
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¿Qué es el clima espacial?

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