vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
NASA
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	<div class="subheading margin-bottom-1">4 min read</div>
	<div class="margin-bottom-1"><h3 class="related-article-title">NASA Instruments Will Listen for Supersonic X-59’s Quiet ‘Thump’</h3></div>
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Juno - NASA Science
This was a contribution of the Italian Space Agency (ASI) Magnetometer (MAG): To map Jupiter’s magnetic field and determine the dynamics of the planet’s interior, and map the magnetic field in the vicinity of Jupiter’s moons Gravity Science (GS): To map the distribution of mass inside Jupiter by measuring its effect on the spacecraft’s radio signals to and from Earth  Jovian Auroral Distributions Experiment (JADE): To measure aspects of ions and electrons at low energy present in the auroras of Jupiter, and in the vicinity of Jupiter’s moons Jovian Energetic Particle Detector Instrument (JEDI): To measure aspects of ions and electrons at high energy present in the auroras of Jupiter, and in the vicinity of Jupiter’s moons Radio and Plasma Wave Sensor (Waves): To identify the regions of auroral currents that define Jovian radio emissions and acceleration of the auroral particles, and make similar observations around Jupiter’s moons Ultraviolet Spectrograph (UVS): To provide spectral images of the ultraviolet auroral emissions in the planet’s polar magnetosphere, as well as measure ultraviolet auroral emissions from Ganymede JunoCam: A visible-light camera/telescope to study the dynamics of Jupiter’s clouds and surface features of Jupiter’s moons, and to facilitate education and outreach Stellar Reference Unit (SRU): This engineering camera is used to help orient Juno in space by taking images of the stars, but has also been employed to take low-light images used to gather information on Jupiter’s radiation, atmosphere and lightning, dust rings, and the surfaces of Jupiter’s moons Juno spacecraft and its science instruments.NASA/JPL-CaltechSolar SailorJuno is the first solar-powered spacecraft designed by NASA to operate at such a great distance from the Sun. Jupiter’s orbit is five times farther from the Sun than Earth’s, so the giant planet receives 4% as much sunlight as Earth does. To generate adequate power, Juno’s solar arrays needed to be quite large; each of its three solar arrays extend about 29.5 feet (9 meters) from the main body. But each expansive array was built as multiple hinged segments, so the panels could fold up before launch, and the spacecraft could fit into the payload fairing of its rocket. With Juno pioneering the use of solar power at the outer planets, NASA’s next mission to Jupiter will carry even larger arrays.
How We Find and Characterize - NASA Science
These images look different because of the ways the different Webb instruments capture light. A set of masks within each instrument, called a coronagraph, blocks out the host star’s light so that the planet can be seen. The small white star in each image marks the location of the host star HIP 65426, which has been subtracted using the coronagraphs and image processing. The bar shapes in the NIRCam images are artifacts of the telescope’s optics, not objects in the scene. NASA/ESA/CSA, A Carter (UCSC), the ERS 1386 team, and A. Pagan (STScI)So far, such "direct images" of exoplanets have been mainly confined to giant planets still so hot from their fresh creation that they remain self-luminous.One of the most striking is a movie of four exoplanets in orbit around the star HR 8799, created by astronomers using images from Hawaii's Keck Observatory.A movie of four exoplanets in orbit around the star HR 8799, composed of seven years worth of images from the W.M. Keck Observatory in Hawaii.Jason Wang and Christian MaroisThe next generation of space telescopes would seek direct images of exoplanets using technology that is now under development: the coronagraph. The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, set to launch in 2027, will test a coronagraph in space as a technology demonstration.CoronagraphThe coronagraph is meant to dim the overwhelming glare of stars to reveal the planets in orbit around them. And it all takes place inside the telescope: a system of masks, prisms and detectors that combine to suppress the starlight. It includes self-flexing mirrors, with thousands of tiny, piston-like actuators that flex in real time as the telescope captures light that has traveled tens of light years from an exoplanet. These "deformable mirrors" compensate for subtle flaws in telescope optics to squelch starlight and make the planet's light clearer.When NASA's Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope opens its eyes in the mid 2020s, it will peer at the universe through some of the most sophisticated sunglasses ever designed.
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Step By Step: Backyard Observation | Terra
Step By Step: Backyard Observation | Terra

Step By Step: Backyard Observation – Terra

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NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Details
A later attempt to contact the spacecraft on 10 December 2002 was unsuccessful.

Spacecraft and Subsystems

The spacecraft has the shape of an octagonal prism, approximately 1.7 m on a side, with four fixed gallium arsenide solar panels in a windmill arrangement, a fixed 1.5 m X-band high-gain radio antenna with a magnetometer mounted on the antenna feed, and an X-ray solar monitor on one end (the forward deck), with the other instruments fixed on the opposite end (the aft deck). Most electronics are mounted on the inside of the decks. The propulsion module is contained in the interior.

The craft is three-axis stabilized and uses a single bipropellant (hydrazine / nitrogen tetroxide) 450 Newton (N) main thruster, and four 21 N and seven 3.5 N hydrazine thrusters for propulsion, for a total delta-V potential of 1450 m/s. Attitude control is achieved using the hydrazine thrusters and 4 reaction wheels. The propulsion system carries 209 kilograms of hydrazine and 109 kilograms of NTO oxidizer in two oxidizer and three fuel tanks.

Power is provided by four 1.8 by 1.2 meter gallium arsenide solar panels which can produce 400 W at 2.2 AU (NEAR's maximum distance from the Sun) and 1800 W at 1 AU. Power is stored in a 9 amp-hour, 22-cell rechargeable super nickel-cadmium battery.

Spacecraft guidance is achieved through the use of a sensor suite of five digital solar attitude detectors, an inertial measurement unit, (IMU) and a star tracker camera pointed opposite the instrument pointing direction. The IMU contains hemispherical resonator gyros and accelerometers. Four reaction wheels (arranged so that any three can provide complete three-axis control) are used for normal attitude control. The thrusters are used to dump angular momentum from the reaction wheels, as well as for rapid slew and propulsive maneuvers. Attitude control is to 0.1 degree, line-of-sight pointing stability is within 50 microradians over 1 second, and post-processing attitude knowledge is to 50 microradians.
Mars Audio Log #10 - NASA
They’re able to think about the functionality of what we have to do, the usability of it to get stuff done. And then also we can think about the psychology of how do we get things done where people are not stressed out about getting it done right? Is it easy to use? So if you walk up to a system, it’s hard to use, you’re probably not going to want to use it. So we can measure the psychological stress part of it. They can measure the usability part of it, and then we get this really good integrated picture of what the design issues may be or like what parts are working really well, so that then we can capitalize on that later.
And then there’s also, of course, cost and launching materials is very costly. And so we can also think about if we need a standard or a requirement, maybe we don’t outline all the nuances of every specific detail, but we can talk about basic needs. So I mentioned privacy before. So if we have privacy for the crew quarters, there’s probably different ways to achieve privacy. You can have a door, you can have a curtain, maybe people can just, you know, put on some headphones and achieve some sort of privacy that way. And then the engineers can come back on top of that requirement and use their knowledge of perhaps materials and think about an innovative way that kind of meets the psychological need. But also, they can engineer and do really interesting things. I think that’s where this interdisciplinary nature of research and applied research is really important. We can think about it from different fields altogether.
Host: So then let’s take that angle of research, right, and talk about your role specifically with CHAPEA, right? You look at the habitat that is CHAPEA and the way that it’s designed, and you’re working to understand the habitability function of that specific habitat. So when you are looking at CHAPEA as an investigator, what exactly is it that you’re doing? What is it that you’re evaluating as part of this mission in terms of the design of that habitat and how it affects performance?
The CHAPEA habitat includes separate areas for living and working.
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California Fish and Wildlife Journal - Contents

Jeff A. Alvarez, Mikhela Aiken, and Jeffery T. Wilcox
Comparison of San Joaquin kit fox den and California ground squirrel burrow attributes. Brian Cypher, Alyse Gabaldon, Francisco Ruiz Ponce, and Erica Kelly
A simple genetic method to distinguish mule deer and bighorn sheep fecal pellets and its application to detecting bighorn sheep colonization events in California. John Wehausen
Habitat suitability assessment for tule elk in the San Francisco Bay and Monterey Bay areas. Thomas Connor, Thomas J. Batter, Cristen O. Langer, Jeff Cann, Cynthia McColl, and Richard B. Lanman
Book Review – Cougars on the Cliff: One Man’s Pioneer Quest to Understand the Mythical Mountain Lion—a Memoir. Vernon C. Bleich

Volume 109 Issue 3

Notes from the Editor. Ange Darnell Baker, Editor-in-Chief
Utilizing the time-to-event framework to estimate elk abundance over a large spatial scale in the Klamath Mountains of California. Sara Moriarty-Graves, Erin Zulliger, Thomas Batter, and Christine Found-Jackson
Human dimensions of angler nonresponse in California’s recreational steelhead fishing report card program. Vanessa M. Gusman Costa and Colby L. Hause
Central Valley anadromous salmonid habitat suitability criteria. Mark Gard
Spatial relationships and mesoscale habitat variance in co-occurring populations of Church’s sideband and Trinity bristle snail in the Greater Trinity Basin, northern California. Robert M. Sullivan
Development of habitat suitability criteria for macroinvertebrate community metrics for use in habitat restoration projects. Mark Gard
Book Review – George Meléndez Wright: The Fight for Wildlife and Wilderness in the National Parks. Vernon C. Bleich

Volume 109 Issue 2

Notes from the Editor. Ange Darnell Baker, Editor-in-Chief
Assessing impacts of oil and ingested plastic in black skimmers from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Erica Donnelly-Greenan, Corinne Gibble, and Jessie Beck
Documentation of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tracts of terrestrial raptors in central California, USA.
Planetary Exploration Test Facilities | Glenn Research Center | NASA
A dust enclosure with HEPA filter air exchange surrounds the APEX and soil bins to protect operators from respiratory hazards.  The soil bin sits on a shaker table used to compact the simulant.
Test Capabilities

Test duration: User defined
Power to experiments: Excavation tools can be tethered (wall AC power) or powered from APEX (nominally 300 VDC)
Data: force, torque, mass of soil dug, depth, velocity, data from tool, power
Thermal environment of test hardware: Lab ambient (air conditioned)
Operation: Joy-stick control and designed planned trajectories for repeatability

Advanced Planetary Excavator (APEX) Specifications

APEX can rotate 360 degrees.
3-meter maximum swing around radius with bucket and load cell.
APEX has electrically powered linear actuators.

Joint
Max Speed
Full Throw

Shoulder
4.67 cm/s
5.42 sec

Elbow
9.37 cm/s
2.71 sec

Wrist
11.71 cm/s
1.31 sec

Max vertical force = 1165 lbf / 5184 N
As installed in Excavation Lab:

Max vertical force controlled to 900 lbf / 4005 N
Max horizontal force controlled to 400 lbf / 1780 N

6 axis load cell:
Range:  1300 N Fx, Fy and 3900 N Fz; 203 N-m Tx, Ty, Tz
FS uncertainty:  1.25%  Fx, Fy, Tx, Ty;  2.00 % Fz and Tz
Diameter:  156.5 mm

Other Specifications

Facility 208 VAC – 3 phase power is converted to 325 VDC, 100 amps to power the actuators.
Pea Gravel bin:  61cm W x 91cm L x 51cm H
GRC-3B soil bin:  76.2cm W x 183cm L x 76cm H – sits on shaker table
Dump bin sits on 61cm x 61cm platform scale to weigh delivered load.
Shaker table:  81cm W x 188cm L x 36cm H, 22.24 kN Max. load.
Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO) | Danville, CA
Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO) | Danville, CA

 

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Town of Danville, Calif. – Official WebsiteLive LocallyEnvironment & Sustainability Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO)



Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO)	

What is the Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (MWELO)?MWELO is a statewide water efficiency law for new and renovated landscapes in California. It sets limits on high water use plants and irrigation equipment and incentivizes a holistic approach to landscaping that incorporates alternative water supplies like gray water, harvested rainwater, and recycled water.Why is MWELO needed?Traditionally designed landscapes incorporate plants and irrigation that waste water; contribute to polluted water runoff into streams, lakes and the ocean; overspray causing water damage to buildings, fences, and streets; and create a lot of plant and trimming green waste.Water-efficient landscapes can be beautiful and functional. Research has shown that creating and maintaining landscapes that meet MWELO use 80% less water; require 60% less maintenance; produce 50% less yard waste.Does this mean the landscapes need to be rocks and cactus?No, the ordinance encourages the use of a variety of plants, including natives, climate-appropriate plants. Limited size lawns and non-adapted plants can also be planted.Who needs to comply?Follow the Compliance Pathway Flowchart (PDF) for information about projects that need to comply.Any single-family or multi-family residential, public, institutional, or commercial project that requires a permit, plan review, or check from the local review agency AND meets one of these size thresholds needs to comply:New construction project with a total landscape area* greater than 500 sq. ft.Rehabilitation of existing landscape with a total landscape area* greater than 2,500 sq.ft.* Total landscape area includes swimming pools, fountains, and other water features.What is the Submittal, review, and approval process?Projects that meet the criteria above must comply with the  Town’s MWELO ordinance (which adopts the California MWELO ordinance) and  Bay-Friendly Basic Landscape Checklist (PDF).