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Student Project: Make a Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator - New for 2024 | NASA/JPL Edu
Student Project: Make a Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator - New for 2024 | NASA/JPL Edu

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ACTIVITIESMake a Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator - New for 2024 

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MaterialsWatch the Tutorial1. Print it out2. Shade it in3. Cut it out4. Punch a hole5. Tape it6. Poke a hole7. Put it together8. Try it out! 

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Make a Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator - New for 2024

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Have you ever wondered when the next full moon will be? How about the first quarter moon? Now you can have all the dates and times for all the moon phases for the year at your fingertips by building your own moon phases calendar and calculator!

Download the 2024 calendar
Now also available as a low-ink printout*
 

Materials Hole punchBrass fastenerScissorsTapePencil, black pen or markerMoon Phases Calendar and Calculator template, printed two-sided, preferably on heavy paper or cardstock – 2024 Calendar (PDF) | 2024 Low-Ink Version (PDF)Replacing last year's calendar? See step 1 below for printing instructions.Previous calendars: 2023 | 2023 Low-Ink | 2022 | 2022 Low-Ink | 2021 | 2021 Low-Ink | 2020 | 2020 Low-Ink | 2019 | 2018
Student Project: Make a Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator - New for 2024 | NASA/JPL Edu
Shade it in Before cutting anything out, use your knowledge of the Moon to shade in the phases on the Moon Phases Wheel according to the labels. If you are unfamiliar with moon phases, make a Moon Journal first.Replacing last year's calendar: Remove and set aside the brass fastener from last year's calendar. Set aside the Moon Phases Wheel. Remove and set aside the Moonset and Moonrise Panels taped to the Viewing Wheel. Recycle the rest! If it's too hard to remove the Moonrise and Moonset Panels from last year's calendar, you may want to replace those with new ones from pages 3-4 of the PDF.

3. Cut it out Cut out the Moon Phases Wheel, the Moonset and Moonrise Panels, and the Viewing Wheel where indicated on the back.Replacing last year's calendar: Cut out the new Viewing Wheel. If necessary, cut out replacement Moonset and Moonrise Panels. At this point, you should have five pieces total:Calendar WheelViewing WheelMoon Phases Wheel (with phases shaded in)Moonset PanelMoonrise PanelBe sure that the year on the Calendar Wheel matches the one on the Viewing Wheel. 

4. Punch a hole Use a hole punch to create the hole for the “view from space” on the Viewing Wheel.

5. Tape it Attach the Moonset and Moonrise Panels to the Viewing Wheel where indicated on the back using tape.

6. Poke a hole Use a pencil to poke a guide hole in the center of all three wheels.

7. Put it together Assemble the Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator by placing the Moon Phases Wheel on top of the Calendar Wheel, then the Viewing Wheel on the very top. Use the brass fastener to connect all three wheels in the center.

8. Try it out! Pick a date for which you would like to know what moon phase will be visible and where to look. (Note: The Calendar Wheel shows the dates when moon phases occur in the Pacific Time Zone.) On the calendar wheel, note the moon phase that will be visible on this date.
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Student Project: Make a Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator - New for 2024 | NASA/JPL Edu
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Do a Science Fair Project! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
How does the phase of the Moon affect the number of stars visible in the sky?

Show how a planet’s distance from the Sun affects its temperature.

Sun topics:
Observe and record changes in the number and placement of sun spots over several days. DO NOT look directly at the Sun!

Make a sundial and explain how it works.

Show why the Moon and the Sun appear to be the same size in the sky.

How effective are automobile sunshades?

Study and explain the life space of the sun relative to other stars.

 	article last updated June 28, 2019
 

Pick a topic.
Try to find out what people already know about it.
Do one of these:
	
State a hypothesis related to the topic. That is, make a cause-and-effect-statement that you can test using the scientific method. 
 Explain something.
 Make a plan to observe something.

Design and carry out your research, keeping careful records of everything you do or see.
Create an exhibit or display to show and explain to others what you hoped to test (if you had a hypothesis) or what question you wanted to answer, what you did, what your data showed, and your conclusions.
Write a short report that also states the same things as the exhibit or display, and also gives the sources of your initial background research.
Practice describing your project and results, so you will be ready for visitors to your exhibit at the science fair.

 Follow these steps to a successful science fair entry!

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Make a Galactic Mobile | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
Note: Instead of covering the cardboard with paper, if you wish, you can paint both sides of the cardboard with flat black spray paint.

Make three pencil marks equally spaced around the edge of the circle, about 1 inch in from the edge.
Cut a length of thread about 2 feet long. Thread the needle, and either tie a fat knot in the end or tie a sequin or small bead to the end (include only one strand of thread).
Poke the needle through one of the pencil marks on the edge of the cardboard circle. Pull the thread through to the knot, sequin, or bead.
Take the 4-holed button and poke the needle up through one hole in the button and down through another.
Now poke the needle back down through another pencil mark on the circle (since the mark will be on the wrong side of the circle, you'll have to poke the needle up the other way first just to mark the hole).
Unthread the needle and tie a fat knot, sequin, or bead in the end of the thread.

Now, cut a length of thread about 3 feet long and rethread the needle. Again, tie a fat knot, sequin, or bead in the end. Poke the needle up through the remaining pencil mark on the circle. (Knots, sequins, or beads should all be on the same side.)
Poke the needle up through one of the remaining holes in the button and then down through the last hole. Unthread the needle and tie a loop in the end of the thread for hanging the mobile from the ceiling.
Hang the galaxies from the mobile frame:
Make pencil marks on the bottom of the cardboard circle where you will be attaching each galaxy. For a 12-inch mobile, you could put eight evenly spaced around the edges and four evenly spaced in the center area. For a smaller mobile, you could put six around the edges and three in the center.
For each galaxy:
Cut a length of thread and thread the needle. Tie a knot, sequin, or bead to the end. Draw the needle through the center of the galaxy.
Student Project: Make a Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator - New for 2024 | NASA/JPL Edu
Materials Hole punchBrass fastenerScissorsTapePencil, black pen or markerMoon Phases Calendar and Calculator template, printed two-sided, preferably on heavy paper or cardstock – 2024 Calendar (PDF) | 2024 Low-Ink Version (PDF)Replacing last year's calendar? See step 1 below for printing instructions.Previous calendars: 2023 | 2023 Low-Ink | 2022 | 2022 Low-Ink | 2021 | 2021 Low-Ink | 2020 | 2020 Low-Ink | 2019 | 2018

Watch the Tutorial Follow along with this video tutorial to create your moon phases calendar and calculator. Scroll below for written step-by-step instructions with photos. Watch en Español: Seleccione subtítulos en Español bajo el ícono de configuración.

1. Print it out Adjust the printer settings to print two-sided, and print out the Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator template, preferably on heavy paper or card stock. Note: Printing is recommended as copying may cause misalignment issues.Replacing last year's calendar: To update last year's calendar, just print out a new Calendar Wheel and Viewing Wheel, pages 1-2 and 5-6 of the PDF. Don't forget to save your Moon Phases Wheel (with the phases shaded in), and Moonrise and Moonset Panels from last year! If it's too hard to remove the Moonrise and Moonset Panels from last year's calendar, you may want to replace those with new ones from pages 3-4 of the PDF. 

2. Shade it in Before cutting anything out, use your knowledge of the Moon to shade in the phases on the Moon Phases Wheel according to the labels. If you are unfamiliar with moon phases, make a Moon Journal first.Replacing last year's calendar: Remove and set aside the brass fastener from last year's calendar. Set aside the Moon Phases Wheel. Remove and set aside the Moonset and Moonrise Panels taped to the Viewing Wheel. Recycle the rest!
Educator Guide: Moon Mappers: A ‘Pi in the Sky’ Math Challenge | NASA/JPL Edu
Pi in the Sky 11 Poster (PDF, 4.0 MB) DART Mission Background: Phone | Desktop CADRE Project Background: Phone | Desktop DSOC Background: Phone | Desktop NISAR Mission Background: Phone | 	Desktop Related Lessons for Educators Moon Phases Students learn about the phases of the moon by acting them out. Grades 1-6 Time 30 min to 1 hour Recursos en español 18 Maneras en Que la NASA Usa Pi Pi nos lleva lejos en la NASA. Estas son solo algunas de las formas en que pi nos ayuda a explorar el espacio. Websites CADRE Project 

Activity Details

Subjects: MATHEMATICS, ENGINEERINGTypes: PROBLEM SETGrade Levels: 9 - 12Primary Topic: GEOMETRYTime Required: Less than 30 minsCommon Core State Standards for Mathematics (Website)
Define trigonometric ratios and solve problems involving right triangles
	HSG.SRT.C
	 
Use trigonometric ratios and the Pythagorean Theorem to solve right triangles in applied problems.
	HSG.SRT.C.8
	 
High School: Functions - Trigonometric Functions
	HSF.TF
	 
Understand solving equations as a process of reasoning and explain the reasoning.
	HSA.REI.A
	 
Explain how the unit circle in the coordinate plane enables the extension of trigonometric functions to all real numbers, interpreted as radian measures of angles traversed counterclockwise around the unit circle.
	HSF.TF.A.2
	 Keywords: EARTH'S MOONPI IN THE SKYPI DAYPIPI DAY CHALLENGENASA PI DAY CHALLENGEMOONCADRE 

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Student Project: Make a Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator - New for 2024 | NASA/JPL Edu
The Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator is designed for use in the northern hemisphere.Find out more about the Moon and the NASA robots and humans who have visited it by visiting:All About the Moon from NASA's Space PlaceNASA Moon website
 

Related TagsEarthEarth's MoonMissionsMoonSupermoonLunar EclipseMoon CalendarMoon PhasesApolloen Españolvideo tutorialBuilding With PaperArtemisMoonsSunJump ToMaterialsWatch the Tutorial1. Print it out2. Shade it in3. Cut it out4. Punch a hole5. Tape it6. Poke a hole7. Put it together8. Try it out! 

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Student Project: Make a Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator - New for 2024 | NASA/JPL Edu
Put it together Assemble the Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator by placing the Moon Phases Wheel on top of the Calendar Wheel, then the Viewing Wheel on the very top. Use the brass fastener to connect all three wheels in the center.

8. Try it out! Pick a date for which you would like to know what moon phase will be visible and where to look. (Note: The Calendar Wheel shows the dates when moon phases occur in the Pacific Time Zone.) On the calendar wheel, note the moon phase that will be visible on this date. Turn the Moon Phases Wheel until the moon phase matches the Calendar Wheel moon phase. Use the “view on Earth” pointer to line up the two matching phases.Center these matching phases above the “S” on the viewing window. The time shown is when that phase is visible while facing south. That phase rises in the eastern sky at the time shown in the window by the “E” and sets in the western sky at the time shown in the window by the “W.”The Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator can tell you approximately what time of day* and where you can see your favorite moon phases! For example, to see the full moon as it sets on the western horizon, you need to be awake before 6 a.m.! It is easier to wait for the full moon to rise in the eastern horizon at about 6 p.m.*Note: All times are approximate and listed in standard time. During daylight saving time, add one hour for a more accurate Moon-viewing time. The Moon Phases Calendar and Calculator is designed for use in the northern hemisphere.Find out more about the Moon and the NASA robots and humans who have visited it by visiting:All About the Moon from NASA's Space PlaceNASA Moon website
 

Related TagsEarthEarth's MoonMissionsMoonSupermoonLunar EclipseMoon CalendarMoon PhasesApolloen Españolvideo tutorialBuilding With PaperArtemisMoonsSunJump ToMaterialsWatch the Tutorial1. Print it out2. Shade it in3. Cut it out4. Punch a hole5. Tape it6.
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Join NASA to learn more about solar eclipses, especially the awe-inspiring phenomenon of total eclipses. Find out about the unique geometry and the distances and sizes of the sun and moon as seen from Earth that allow us to witness the sun's corona or actually be in the path of totality.
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Make a Balloon-powered Nanorover! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
You want to position these holes so that when the drinking straw "wheel axle" is threaded through them, the straw will fit right against the bottom front and back corners.

14.
Thread a straw through the holes in the front struts and another straw through the holes in the back struts. Tape the straws to the bottom edges of the nanorover body. Trim the straws so they stick out about 1/4 inch beyond the struts on both sides.

15.
Look at the picture below as you follow these directions for assembling the wheels:

•
Put two styrofoam wheels together to make a form and wrap one of the paper "tread" strips around it, taping the end.

•
Take the styrofoam wheels out of the tread strip, which we will now call a tread circle. Set the tread circle flat on the table and drop one of the styrofoam wheels into it. The styrofoam wheel should lie flat on the table with the tread circle surrounding it. Tape the wheel to the tread circle from the inside. This makes the outside of one wheel.

•
Poke the sharp end of a bamboo skewer through the exact center of this styrofoam wheel. Cut a small piece (about 3/4 inch) from one of the straws. Slide this piece onto the skewer and into the inside of the wheel you are making. Now slide another styrofoam wheel-through its exact center-onto the skewer and right against the tread circle and drinking straw spacer (to make the inside surface of the wheel). If the spacer is too long and prevents the inside wheel from resting against the tread circle, slide the piece of the straw off the skewer and trim it a bit.

•
Tape this second styrofoam wheel onto the tread circle using four small pieces of tape.

•
Slide the skewer with its wheel through one of the straw axles already attached to the body of the nanorover.

•
Make a Balloon-powered Nanorover! | NASA Space Place – NASA Science for Kids
Now slide another styrofoam wheel-through its exact center-onto the skewer and right against the tread circle and drinking straw spacer (to make the inside surface of the wheel). If the spacer is too long and prevents the inside wheel from resting against the tread circle, slide the piece of the straw off the skewer and trim it a bit.

•
Tape this second styrofoam wheel onto the tread circle using four small pieces of tape.

•
Slide the skewer with its wheel through one of the straw axles already attached to the body of the nanorover.

•
Make the second wheel as you did the first one, sliding it onto the skewer after taping the first styrofoam wheel onto the tread circle, then adding the straw spacer, and the second styrofoam wheel.

•
Put a blob of clay (or Play-doh or a gum drop) onto the blunt end of the skewer.

•
Adjust the spacing of the wheels and straw on the skewer so that there is about 1/4 inch between the ends of the straw and the wheels. Be sure the wheels do not touch the straw, or they will not turn easily. Carefully break or cut off the excess length of skewer on the sharp end, and put another blob of clay or a gum drop on that end.

•
Repeat for the second set of wheels.

16.
Blow up the small balloon once or twice to stretch it out a bit.

17.
Bend the last straw at its flexible neck. Use the rubber band to attach the balloon securely to the end nearest the bend in the straw.

18.
Tape the long part of the straw to the bottom of the nanorover, crosswise to the wheel axles. Tape the short end with the balloon against the front (or back—it makes no difference) of the nanorover.

19.
Color the top "decal" to look like solar cells (dark blue) or any color you like. Tape the decal to the top.