vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Surveillance & Data Analytics
CDC COVID-19 Information Management Resources (VADS)
CDC develops and maintains the COVID-19 data interoperability standards and regulations repository that is based on communication and collaboration with standard development and standard implementation organizations.
eCR Now: COVID-19 Electronic Case Reporting
Electronic Case Reporting (eCR) is the automated generation and transmission of case reports from the electronic health record (EHR) to public health agencies for review and action.
Calculating Percent Positivity
For the federal COVID-19 response reporting purposes, laboratory test percent positivity represents the percentage of all RT-PCR tests conducted that are positive.

National COVID-19 reporting: CDC works with state and territorial public health partners to coordinate COVID-19 case reporting nationally.

Standardized Surveillance Case Definition [PDF – 19 pages]
The COVID-19 case definition is standardized with the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE), which approved an interim COVID-19 position statement on August 5, 2020. This position statement, Interim 20-ID-02, [309 KB, 19 Pages] supersedes the first CSTE COVID-19 interim position statement, Interim 20-ID-01, which was approved on April 5, 2020. The August position statement updated the standardized case definition for COVID-19, including asymptomatic infections caused by SARS-CoV-2, and retained COVID-19 as a nationally notifiable condition. The updates clarified clinical, laboratory, epidemiologic linkage, and vital records criteria for case ascertainment and case classification based on the continued evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the probable case classification was updated, and a suspected case classification was added.
Information for Reporting Cases
To better understand the virus and its impact on health outcomes, CDC has developed a form that provides a standardized approach to reporting COVID-19 cases (individuals with at least one respiratory specimen that tested positive for the virus that causes COVID-19).
National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS)
Case-based surveillance (which includes mechanisms to securely receive case data and share with CDC partners and technical assistance with onboarding new HL7 message mapping guides).
National Syndromic Surveillance Program (NSSP)
Pregnancy and HIV
What's my viral load?
When should I start HIV medicines?
How should I take my HIV medicines?
Can I take other medicine with my HIV medicines?
Should I have a C-section delivery?
When should my baby be tested for HIV?
How should I choose a doctor for my baby?

Here are some things you can do for yourself and your baby:

Get early and regular prenatal care.
Take HIV medicines at the right dose and the right time, everyday.
Take your prenatal vitamins.
Exercise and be sure to eat well.
Stay away from cigarettes, alcohol and any drugs not given to your by your doctor. All of these may harm your baby.
Do not breastfeed.

To learn more about having a healthy pregnancy call: Growing Up Healthy Hotline at 1-800-522-5006.
To learn about HIV and AIDS, call the New York State HIV/AIDS Hotline at 1-800-541-AIDS (English) or 1-800-233-SIDA (Spanish), TDD 1-800-369-AIDS.
 
 
 

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Información para entender cómo actúan las vacunas contra el COVID-19 | CDC
Muchos de los efectos secundarios de vacunarse son signos normales de que el organismo está generando protección.

HOJA INFORMATIVACómo funcionan las vacunas con subunidades de proteínas contra el COVID-19
PDF de una infografía que explica cómo funcionan las vacunas con subunidades de proteínas contra el COVID-19.

Inglés [953 KB, 1 página]

Desarrollo de vacunas contra el COVID-19

Si bien el proceso de desarrollo de las vacunas contra el COVID-19 fue rápido, se han tomado todas las medidas necesarias para garantizar su seguridad y efectividad. Poner una nueva vacuna a disposición del público implica varios pasos, incluidos:

desarrollo de la vacuna,
ensayos clínicos,
autorización o aprobación de la Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de EE. UU. (FDA),
y elaboración y aprobación de las recomendaciones de vacunación por parte del Comité Asesor sobre Prácticas de Inmunización (ACIP) y los CDC.

Cuando se empiezan a distribuir vacunas por fuera del entorno de los ensayos clínicos, se implementan sistemas de monitoreo para garantizar que las vacunas contra el COVID-19 sean seguras.

Desarrollo inicial

Las vacunas nuevas primero se desarrollan en laboratorios. Los científicos han estado trabajando durante muchos años para desarrollar vacunas contra diversos coronavirus, como los que provocan el síndrome respiratorio agudo grave (SARS) y el síndrome respiratorio de Oriente Medio (MERS).
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所有 6 个月及以上的 New Yorkers 现在都可以在 您附近的地点接种更新的疫苗。如果您出现症状或接触过病毒，请接受检测。如果您的检测结果呈阳性，请待在家里并与您的医疗保健提供者讨论治疗问题。 

美国疾病预防控制中心关于呼吸道病毒的最新建议
美国疾病预防控制中心最近发布了最新建议，指导人们如何保护自己和社区免受包括 COVID-19 在内的呼吸道病毒的感染。 

疾病预防控制中心呼吸道病毒指南

疾病预防控制中心新闻稿

 

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不要等待接受治疗。 COVID-19 药物现已广泛使用。 

寻找治疗（所有纽约人）
Guidance on “Long COVID” as a Disability Under the ADA, Section | HHS.gov
Long COVID is a physical or mental impairment
A physical impairment includes any physiological disorder or condition affecting one or more body systems, including, among others, the neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular, and circulatory systems.  A mental impairment includes any mental or psychological disorder, such as an emotional or mental illness.11

Long COVID is a physiological condition affecting one or more body systems.  For example, some people with long COVID experience:

Lung damage
Heart damage, including inflammation of the heart muscle
Kidney damage
Neurological damage
Damage to the circulatory system resulting in poor blood flow
Lingering emotional illness and other mental health conditions

Accordingly, long COVID is a physical or mental impairment under the ADA, Section 504, and Section 1557.12

b. Long COVID can substantially limit one or more major life activities
“Major life activities” include a wide range of activities, such as caring for oneself, performing manual tasks, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, sitting, reaching, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, writing, communicating, interacting with others, and working.  The term also includes the operation of a major bodily function, such as the functions of the immune system, cardiovascular system, neurological system, circulatory system, or the operation of an organ.
The term “substantially limits” is construed broadly under these laws and should not demand extensive analysis.  The impairment does not need to prevent or significantly restrict an individual from performing a major life activity, and the limitations do not need to be severe, permanent, or long-term.  Whether an individual with long COVID is substantially limited in a major bodily function or other major life activity is determined without the benefit of any medication, treatment, or other measures used by the individual to lessen or compensate for symptoms.  Even if the impairment comes and goes, it is considered a disability if it would substantially limit a major life activity when the impairment is active.
Long COVID can substantially limit a major life activity.  The situations in which an individual with long COVID might be substantially limited in a major life activity are diverse.  Among possible examples, some include:
About COVID-19 Vaccines | Veterans Affairs
The COVID-19 vaccines are safe. Scientists studied all the original Food and Drug Administration (FDA) authorized vaccines in at least 3 phases of clinical trials to ensure they are safe and effective. They continue to study the updated vaccines. Hundreds of millions of people have safely received COVID-19 vaccines in the U.S.
There is no cure for COVID-19 at this time. There are treatments for COVID-19. But the risk of severe illness and death are still high in certain groups of people. Talk to your health care provider before taking any medications to prevent or treat COVID-19. 
Learn more about COVID-19 treatments on the CDC website
Some people report long-term effects of COVID-19. Most people get better in weeks. But some people have effects that last for a longer time. These effects may include symptoms like dizziness, depression, or feeling very tired. They may also include effects on vital organs like your heart or lungs. The effects can happen even after a mild illness.
Learn more about long-term COVID-19 effects on the CDC website
When you’re up to date on your COVID-19 vaccines, you can do more. This may include visiting with family and friends or going to different activities. Staying up to date with your vaccines reduces your risk of severe illness or death from COVID-19. 
You can get a free COVID-19 vaccine—even if you don’t have health insurance.
Find out how to get a COVID-19 vaccine at VA
Find COVID-19 vaccines near you on the CDC website

Vaccine effectiveness
Scientists studied the original FDA authorized COVID-19 vaccines in tens of thousands of people in clinical trials. The trials included people of all ages, genders, races, and ethnicities. Scientists continue to monitor the effectiveness of the vaccines over time.  
Results show that the vaccines work well in these ways:

The vaccines help protect you from getting COVID-19. Vaccines help train your body’s natural immune system to recognize and fight a specific disease by stimulating a response to the virus that causes that disease. Over time, this protection decreases.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) | CDC
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Clinical Care Quick Reference for COVID-19 | CDC
Overview and MethodsCOVID-19 Data SourcesForecastingplus iconHospital ForecastsVariant Surveillanceplus iconGenomic SurveillanceTracking VariantsHealthcare Workersplus iconClinical Careplus iconQuick ReferenceClinical Care ConsiderationsOutpatient Treatment OverviewUnderlying Medical ConditionsChildrenPost-COVID Conditions: Healthcare ProvidersPost-COVID Conditions: CDC ScienceTestingplus iconTesting OverviewAntibody TestingInfection Control Guidanceplus iconPostmortem GuidancePotential Exposure at WorkPandemic Planning ScenariosCOVID-19SurgeStaff ShortagesElectronic Case ReportingTrainingNon-US Healthcare Settingsplus iconCOVID-19 & IPC OverviewTriaging Sick PatientsOutpatient FacilitiesAdditional Tools and ResourcesLab Professionalsplus iconTestingplus iconAntigen Testing GuidelinesNucleic Acid Amplification TestsPoint-of-Care & Rapid TestingOther Diagnostic TestsFlu SARS-CoV-2 Multiplex AssayReporting Lab Dataplus iconReporting SARS-CoV-2 Sequencing ResultsBiosafety for Specimen HandlingSpecimen CollectionHealth Departmentsplus iconSurveillance & Data Analyticsplus iconReporting COVID-19 CasesElectronic Case ReportingCOVIDTracer & COVIDTracer AdvancedSprayers Safety PrecautionsCommunication Resourcesplus iconPrint ResourcesVideosPeople with Intellectual & Developmental Disabilitiesplus iconResources for People with IDDEasy to ReadBraille 

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Tungkol Sa Bakuna Laban Sa COVID-19 | Veterans Affairs
Bakit magpapabakuna laban sa COVID-19
Nasa sa inyo kung nais ninyong mabakunahan o hindi. Hindi makakaapekto ang inyong desisyon sa iyong pangangalaga ng kalusugan sa VA at sa inyong mga benepisyo sa kahit anong paraan. 
Narito ang ilang dahilan para makakuha ng bakuna para sa COVID-19:

Ang pagbabakuna ay ang pinakaligtas na paraan upang maprotektahan ka at ang iyong pamilya mula sa matinding sakit at kamatayan mula sa COVID-19. Ang pagbabakuna ay nagbibigay ng mas ligtas at mas mahuhulaan na epekto sa immune system kaysa sa impeksyon. Ang pagkakasakit ng COVID-19 ay maaaring mag-alok ng ilang proteksyon laban sa karamdaman sa hinaharap, ngunit maaaring mag-iba ang antas ng proteksyon. Ang mga bakuna sa COVID-19 ay maaaring magbigay ng karagdagang proteksyon, kahit na sa mga taong nahawaan na ng COVID-19.
Ligtas ang mga bakunang COVID-19 Pinag-aralan ng mga siyentipiko ang lahat ng orihinal na bakuna na pinahintulutan ng Food and Drug Administration (FDA) sa hindi bababa sa 3 yugto ng mga klinikal na pagsubok upang matiyak na ligtas at epektibo ang mga ito. Patuloy nilang pinag-aaralan ang mga na-update na bakuna. Daan-daang milyong tao ang ligtas na nakatanggap ng mga bakuna sa COVID-19 sa U.S.

Walang lunas ang COVID-19 sa ngayon.
Long COVID
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) as well as Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Adults (MIS-A) are rare conditions that sometimes occur in persons who have had COVID-19 infection. Symptoms of MIS-C/MIS-A typically develop two or more weeks following infection with COVID-19 and involve inflammation of different parts of the body, such as the heart, lungs, kidneys, brain, skin, eyes, or gastrointestinal system. What causes some people to develop MIS-C/MIS-A is not known. MIS-C/MIS-A can be serious or even deadly, but most people recover with medical care. New Yorkers can learn more at NYSDOH's dedicated webpage here.
If I have long COVID, can I give it to others?
No, long COVID cannot be passed from one person to another. Having long COVID does not mean that you are still contagious. Even though you may feel sick, other people cannot "catch" long COVID from you.
Can children get long COVID?
Children, even young children, who contract COVID-19 may be at risk of long COVID. That's why NYSDOH recommends all children—including babies and toddlers down to 6 months of age—stay up to date with all recommended COVID-19 vaccine doses. Vaccination will help protect your little one from getting very sick from COVID-19 and may also help to prevent long COVID.
What should I do if I have long COVID? Are there treatments or medications that can help?
Yes! If you are struggling with long COVID symptoms or suspect you have long COVID, don't wait to seek care. Reach out to a health care provider as early as possible.
If you do not have a health care provider, use the NYS Provider & Health Plan Look-Up tool to find one that works with your health plan.
Because management of long COVID may require a team approach, a healthcare provider can help you get referrals to other providers who offer focused care.
FAQs • COVID Vaccine Myths
COVID-19 vaccines do not contain ingredients that can produce an electromagnetic field at the site of your injection. All COVID-19 vaccines are free from metals. 

3.
Do any of the COVID-19 vaccines authorized for use in the United States shed or release any of their components?

No. Vaccine shedding is the term used to describe the release or discharge of any of the vaccine components in or outside of the body. Vaccine shedding can only occur when a vaccine contains a weakened version of the virus. None of the vaccines authorized for use in the U.S. contain a live virus. mRNA and viral vector vaccines are the two types of currently authorized COVID-19 vaccines available. 

4.
Is it safe for me to get a COVID-19 vaccine if I would like to have a baby one day?

Yes. If you are trying to become pregnant now or want to get pregnant in the future, you may get a COVID-19 vaccine when one is available to you.There is currently no evidence that COVID-19 vaccination causes any problems with pregnancy, including the development of the placenta. In addition, there is no evidence that female or male fertility problems are a side effect of any vaccine, including COVID-19 vaccines. 

5.
Will getting a COVID-19 vaccine cause me to test positive for COVID-19 on a viral test?

No. None of the authorized and recommended COVID-19 vaccines cause you to test positive on viral tests, which are used to see if you have a current infection.If your body develops an immune response to vaccination, which is the goal, you may test positive on some antibody tests. Antibody tests indicate you had a previous infection and that you may have some level of protection against the virus. 

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Coronavirus FAQs: What Veterans Need To Know | Veterans Affairs
If you live outside the U.S., the option of an in-person exam will depend on local COVID-19 guidance. We’ll work with you to schedule your exam and tell you what to expect.
We’re also still doing telehealth exams by phone or video. And we’re doing more Acceptable Clinical Evidence (ACE) exams. This means we’ll review your existing medical records and contact you for more information if needed, instead of requiring an in-person or telehealth exam.
Learn more about claim exams

 What if I had or need an in-person appointment for VA benefits or services? 
 

We temporarily closed our regional offices and stopped in-person appointments due to COVID-19. At this time, some offices have reopened with limited hours and services. These offices may be screening visitors for COVID-19 symptoms. We require everyone entering a VA facility to wear a mask that covers their mouth and nose.
For your safety and convenience, we continue to offer help online and by phone. Please call first to confirm services or ask about getting help by phone or video.
Find a VA regional office
Getting help online or by phone
We’re using virtual services to hold appointments for some benefit activities by telephone or online video through VA Video Connect or other approved video meeting tools. Once your video appointment is scheduled, you’ll receive a VA Video Connect link.
Get VA Video Connect for virtual appointments
We’ll work with you to change your in-person appointment to a virtual appointment for benefits and services such as:

Veteran Readiness and Employment (VR&E)

Chapter 36 educational and career counseling

Military service coordinators

Home loans: We’re working with lenders and appraisers to offer temporary options to continue processing and closing loans remotely. You can continue to work with your lender to follow state and local laws for notarizing documents. And you can designate an attorney-in-fact to use a Power of Attorney to sign documents on your behalf at closing.

Specially Adapted Housing grants: Our staff can help you complete the grant application process by phone, video, and email.
Information for Providers | Department of Health
Please refer to the Commercialization section for more information regarding this transition. EligibilityThe FDA authorized two oral antivirals, Pfizer's Paxlovid and Merck's molnupiravir, for the treatment of COVID-19 in certain patients who: Have tested positive for COVID-19 and have had symptoms for 5 days or less. Are at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. Meet certain criteria depending on the antiviral. The FDA also expanded approval of Veklury (remdesivir) to include pediatric patients 28 days of age and older weighing at least 3 kilograms (about 7 pounds) with positive results of direct SARS-CoV-2 viral testing who are: Hospitalized, or Not hospitalized and have mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and are at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19, including hospitalization or death. Health care providers should discuss the risks and benefits of treatment with their patients. CommercializationAs of November 1st, 2023, both Lagevrio and Paxlovid will begin their transition from United State Government distribution to traditional commercial channels. Wholesale distributors anticipate having commercial orders filled within one to two weeks. Any supply of U.S. government-issued therapeutics, including Paxlovid, must remain available to patients at no cost. Paxlovid should be dispensed to patients until the provider has commercial supply stocked. Moreover, Lagevrio should be dispensed to patients until depletion or expiration, whichever comes first. Once commercialized, programs will be established to ensure that Paxlovid is available to uninsured and underinsured individuals. Please refer to the Programs for Underinsured and Uninsured Individuals section for more information regarding these programs. Paxlovid Disposal Management Any expired product should be disposed of through the manufacturers return process or on site in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations.  Lagevrio Disposal Management Product cannot be returned or disposed of unless expired (first expiry is in 2024). Once expired, product should be disposed of through the manufacturers return process or on site in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations.