vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Families and Children - CFCC
This series of briefings provides an introduction to juvenile collaborative courts, including what types of courts exist, how they work, and how they can be replicated, as well as an overview of various juvenile collaborative court models, information about starting a juvenile collaborative court model, and potential impacts of new laws on juvenile collaborative courts.

Family Law

Access to Visitation
Child Support 
Family Court Services
Unified Courts for Families/ Court Coordination

Juvenile Law
 

Delinquency
Dependency

 
Historical Documents

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Historical Documents

Center for Families, Children & the Courts Journal
Volume 1 — 1999

Volume 2 — 2000
Volume 3 — 2001
Volume 4 — 2003
Volume 5 — 2004
Volume 6 — 2005

Quick Links

Families Change
Publications
What's Happening in Court?

Contact Info

Center for Families, Children & the Courts
 
 
 Operations & Programs Division
Judicial Council of California 
 
455 Golden Gate Avenue, 6th Floor
San Francisco, California
94102-3688

E-mail: CFCC@jud.ca.gov

Families and Children

Family Law
Juvenile Law
Mental Health
Conferences & Trainings

Video

Juvenile Dependency Court Orientation

 An introduction to the court process for parents who have had children removed from their care.
 
 13:43
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Related Links

California Legislature 
California Department of Social Services - Children and Family Services Division
California Child Support Services
Positive Youth Justice

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Child Protective Services (CPS) | Sierra County, CA - Official Website
If it is determined that a child cannot remain in the home, even with family preservation and support services, then an alternative living arrangement is established. CPS must first consider placing the child with a non-custodial parent, a close relative, or a close friend before considering a foster home placement. Foster placement is arranged in the most family-like setting that is located close to the parent's home consistent with the best interests of the child.In most cases, 18 months of services are provided to children and their families when a child has been removed from the home and the family is making progress toward reunification. When a child cannot be returned to a safe home after services have been delivered, the child must be provided with a family-like living arrangement as soon as possible.For WhomThese services are available to children and their families when children are victims of, or at risk of, abuse, neglect, exploitation, or parental absence.California law defines child abuse as any of the following:A child is physically injured by other than accidental means.A child is subjected to willful cruelty or unjustifiable punishment.A child is abused or exploited sexually.A child is neglected by a parent or caretaker who fails to provide adequate food, clothing, shelter, medical care or supervision.How to Report Child AbuseCommunity members have an important role in protecting children from abuse and neglect. If abuse is suspected, a report should be filed with qualified and experienced agencies that will investigate the situation. The California State Child Abuse Reporting Law provides the legal basis for action to protect children and to allow intervention by public agencies if a child is being abused.You may report abuse in person or by phone at the address and phone numbers listed to the right.Please contact law enforcement by dialing 911 if the abuse you are reporting immediately threatens the life of a child.You may report anonymously. CPS makes every effort to protect the identity of reporters, however you may face criminal charges for making false reports of child abuse.Mandated reporters have absolute immunity both civilly and criminally for making reports of child abuse. Mandated reporters include, but are not limited to:Teacher, teachers aids, and school administratorsChild care providersDoctors, nurses, and other health care providersPolice officers, firefighters, and other law enforcement officersPastors, priests, rabbis, and other members of the clergy
Cancele una Declaración voluntaria de filiación o paternidad | California Courts | Self Help Guide
Cancele una Declaración voluntaria de filiación o paternidad | California Courts | Self Help Guide

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Cancele una Declaración voluntaria de filiación o paternidad firmada
Hay dos formas de cancelar una Declaración voluntaria de filiación o paternidad (VDOP, por sus siglas en inglés). Cancelar (o rescindir) la VDOP finaliza la relación legal padre-hijo creada por la VDOP.

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Opciones para cancelar una VDOP
Petition and Summons (forms FL-260 and FL-210) | California Courts | Self Help Guide
Petition and Summons (forms FL-260 and FL-210) | California Courts | Self Help Guide

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What do these papers mean?
Petition and Summons (forms FL-260 and FL-210) 
If you received these forms, your child's other parent is asking a judge to make orders about the care and support of your child. 
 
This page will help you understand what the form means and your options for what to do next.

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Enter your mobile number 

Ten digit mobile number starting with the area code (e.g. 4158654200)
 

Select your mobile carrier
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What these forms tell you

Who is asking
 The person who filed the case is the Petitioner. This is typically the child's other parent. You will be listed as the Respondent.

What the other person wants the court to decide
 On the Petition, the petitioner will have checked boxes to say what they want the court to decide. 

Child custody and visitation (parenting time)
Item 4, and any attachments, state what custody and visitation (parenting time) orders they want the court to make

Child support
Civil Self Help Services: Sacramento Superior Court

of Revenue Recovery.
You were convicted of violating 
	VC 2800 - external link, 
	2801 - external link, or 
	2803 - external link.
Probation was revoked in a case and not later reinstated.
You were arrested and convicted of a crime within one year of judgment.
You cannot dismiss any misdemeanor that is within the provisions of 
	VC 42001(b) - external link; or any violation of the
	following: 
	PC 286(c) - external link; 
	PC 288 - external link; 
	PC 288a(c) - external link; 
	PC 288.5 - external link; 
	PC 289(j) - external link.

Record Clearance for Fire Crew Members (PC 1203.4b)


 	California State Assembly Bill 2147 - external link was signed into law in 2020. This law amends the Penal Code to add 
 	Section 1203.4b - external link, speeding up the
 	expungement process for former inmates who participated in conservation camps or county hand crews. If you participated in one of these
 	programs, you do not need to wait to complete parole, probation or supervised release to apply for dismissal.

 	You may qualify under Penal Code §1203.4b if:


 	You successfully participated in a Conservation Camp or as a member of the County incarcerated individual hand crew.

Successful participation means that you “adequately performed [your] duties without any conduct that warranted removal from the program”.


	You have been released from custody.

	You have not violated any terms of your probation, parole, or supervised release.

	You have not been charged with another offense.


	You are not eligible for relief under this section if you have been convicted of any of the following crimes:

Murder
Kidnapping
Rape as defined in paragraph (2) or (6) of subdivision (a) of 
	PC 261 - external link or paragraph (1) or (4) of subdivision (a)
	 	of PC 262
Lewd acts on a child under 14 years of age, as defined in 
	 	PC 288 - external link
Any felony punishable by death or imprisonment in the state prison for life
Any sex offense requiring registration pursuant to 
	 	PC 290 - external link
Basics of Criminal Court - criminal_selfhelp
In criminal cases, defendants almost always have the right to a trial by jury, except in infraction cases. In civil matters, there are many types of cases where there is no right to a trial by jury. 
 

Types of Criminal Cases

There are 3 types of criminal cases:

Infractions 
An infraction is a minor violation. Many traffic violations are infractions. The punishment for infractions is usually a fine, and if the defendant pays the fine, there is no jail time. Click for information on traffic cases.

 Misdemeanors 

A misdemeanor is a crime with a maximum punishment of:

o   Either 6 months or 1 year in a county jail, and/oro   A $1,000 fine (for most misdemeanors). 
Examples of misdemeanors are:

o    Petty thefto    Vandalismo    Driving with a suspended licenseo    Drunk driving (also known as “DUI” or “driving under the influence”)

Felonies 

A felony is the most serious kind of crime. If found guilty, the defendant can be sent to jail or prison for a year or more, or even receive the death penalty for very serious crimes. Defendants convicted of felonies are usually sent to state prison for sentences of 16 months or more. 

Examples of felonies are:

o   Robberyo   Murdero   Rapeo   Possession of illegal drugs (called “controlled substances”) for sale

Lawyers in Criminal Court

In any misdemeanor or felony criminal case (and any infraction where you have been arrested and NOT released on your written notice to appear, on your own recognizance, or after a deposit of bail), you should have a lawyer. You have the right to represent yourself in criminal court in California. BUT because the consequences of a criminal conviction can be so serious and you can end up in jail or prison, it is best if you have a lawyer represent you. 
If you cannot afford your own lawyer, the court will appoint a lawyer for you, often a public defender. Make sure you tell the judge at your arraignment that you cannot afford a lawyer.
Guide to criminal court in California | California Courts | Self Help Guide
The traffic court section covers traffic tickets and other infractions. This section only covers what happens when someone is charged with a misdemeanor or felony, which are more serious types of crimes.
Criminal court
When someone is charged with a crime, their case is handled in criminal court
Only the government — not another person or private agency — can file criminal charges against someone. Generally, the District Attorney’s Office represents the state and files the charges. They are called the prosecution.
The person accused of the crime is called the defendant. In criminal court, a defendant is presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt. 
There are 3 types of criminal charges, infractions, misdemeanors, and felonies 
Infractions: Infractions are the least serious type of crime. Infractions, like speeding tickets, are usually handled in traffic court. Someone convicted only of an infraction cannot be punished with jail time. Typically, the punishment is a fine. A person charged with an infraction does not have a right to a court-appointed lawyer or a jury trial.
Misdemeanors: Someone convicted of a misdemeanor could face time in county jail, from up to 6 months to a year depending on the crime. There could be other penalties with, or instead of, time in jail. For example, probation or a fine. 
Felonies: Someone convicted of a felony could be sentenced to time in state prison, including life in prison. There could be other penalties with, or instead of, time in jail or prison. For example, probation or a fine.
Anyone charged with a misdemeanor or felony has a right to a court-appointed lawyer if they can't afford one. They also have a right to a jury trial.

If you are facing felony or misdemeanor charges, talk to a lawyer. 
The consequences of a criminal conviction can be very serious. In addition to jail or prison, there are other possible penalties. For example, a conviction can have immigration consequences for noncitizens. Some convictions will prevent someone from having certain types of jobs.
Criminal | Superior Court of California | County of Tuolumne
A misdemeanor is punishable by a fine, imprisonment in the county jail or both.
A felony is punishable by fines, imprisonment in state prison or county jail, and in some cases by death.
If you received a Pay or Appear Notice for your criminal case and are electing to pay your fine in lieu of appearing in Court you can use the Criminal Pay or Appear System.

Contact Us
Justice Center Courthouse
12855 Justice Center Drive
Sonora, CA  95370
Phone:  (209) 533-5563
RELATED LINKS
Addresses and Directions
Fee Schedule
Local Forms
Local Rules

Find Information About

Calendaring a Hearing

Hearings are calendared when your documents are presented for filing at the Clerk’s Office windows.

Ex-Parte Hearings

To schedule an ex-parte hearing, you must submit an  Application for Ex-Parte Hearing to the criminal/traffic division. Forms must be submitted in person or by a Certified Fax Filing Agency.

Expungements

An expungement allows you to reopen your criminal case, set aside the conviction and dismiss the case. As a result, your criminal record will no longer show the conviction. However the expungement will continue to appear on your record. It is important to note that the expungement does not clear from your record the fact that you were arrested or that charges were filed.
If you are applying for a government job, a job that requires security clearance, or a job that requires a government-issued license, certificate or permit, the conviction will likely be discovered during the standard background check. You should disclose the conviction and expungement in these situations.
If you are applying for a government-issued license, certificate, or permit, you must disclose your conviction and expungement.
The conviction can still be used against you in future criminal proceedings and by the DMV for purposes of suspending or restricting your license. A successful expungement does not relieve you of any prohibition on the ownership or possession of firearms resulting from the conviction.
To begin the process you must file a “Petition for Dismissal”.
Criminal | Superior Court of California | County of Tulare
The defendant may either be released on his/her own recognizance or remain in custody if they are unable to post bail. If the defendant is released on their own recognizance, they are bound by promise to appear in court.
Defendant enters a plea of either guilty, not guilty, or no contest:
Not Guilty: The defendant states that he/she did not commit the crime. The case is set for a future hearing.
Guilty: The defendant admits that he/she committed the crime.
No Contest: The defendant will not contest the charge. This has the same effect as a guilty plea except that the conviction, in certain cases, may not be used against the defendant in a civil suit. If the defendant pleads guilty or no contest, the case may be resolved at the time of arraignment. This will include any fines/fees and/or court-ordered programs imposed by the judge.

Pre-Trial Proceedings After a Not Guilty Plea:
Discovery is exchanged between the prosecution and the defense attorneys. This includes police reports, blood test results, photographs, etc.
Motions may be filed to set aside the complaint, to dismiss the case, or to suppress evidence, etc.
Defendant may change his/her plea to guilty or no contest.
A hearing will be held to attempt to settle the case without going to trial.
Case doesn't settle and proceeds to trial. (See: What Occurs at Trial, below.)
What Occurs in a Felony Case?
Arrest:
Police take defendant to jail/defendant remains in custody/defendant taken to court for arraignment.
If no charges are filed, the defendant is released.
Upon posting of bail, or if the defendant is released on his/her own recognizance (which means the defendant is bound by a promise to appear in court), an arraignment date is scheduled.
Arraignment on Complaint:
Defendant is either brought to court or, if he/she is not in custody, he/she appears in court.
Defendant is either represented by their own attorney,or, if the defendant cannot afford to hire an attorney, an attorney will be appointed.
2001 Budget Analysis:Department of Child Support Services
In previous analyses, we have shown that the principal goal of the child support program—the collection of
support—is strongly related to the amount of fiscal resources committed to the program (that is, administrative expenditures). (For further detail, see our April
1999 report entitled The Child Support Enforcement Program From a Fiscal Perspective: How Can Performance Be Improved?) We concluded that
administrative effort has a particularly strong relationship to collections—explaining about 70 percent of the variation in collections between counties. In other
words, counties that did poorly in making child support collections generally had invested less in administrative effort. Conversely, counties that did well in
child support collections had made higher administrative expenditures.
We note that until the statewide child support automation system is fully implemented increased administrative spending in the child support program will
result in increased penalties. This is because the federal penalty is based on administrative expenditures. Thus, any net direct fiscal benefit (that is, increase in
collections) to government from increased administrative spending is reduced significantly. We note that the collection of child support is essential for families.
Child Support Automation Penalties Overbudgeted 
We recommend that proposed spending for child support administration be reduced by $7.9 million from the General Fund because historic spending
trends indicate the federal penalty will be less than budgeted. (Reduce Item 5175-101-0001 by $7,900,000.) 
As noted previously, future federal child support automation penalties will be levied as a 30 percent reduction in federal funds to support administrative costs of
the child support program. The Governor's budget estimates a 2001-02 penalty of $163 million from the General Fund. This estimate assumes a 21 percent
increase in total administrative spending in the FFY 2001 (October 2000 through September 2001), based on the actual increase in spending between 1998-99
and 1999-00. We believe this estimate is inflated because it has not been adjusted downward to reflect a number of one-time expenses in 1999-00. In addition,
our examination of historic trends in the "core" administrative functions of the program found that expenditures increased at a lower rate of approximately
14 percent.
Self-Help Glossary - selfhelp
verdict: The final decision about the guilt or innocence of a criminal defendant made by a judge or jury. In a civil case, can be: (1) general: a jury verdict in a civil case in favor of the plaintiff or in favor of the defendant; (2) special/directed: a judge's verdict in a civil case, after considering applicable law and after the jury states its conclusions on specific factual issues.
verification: An oral or written statement, usually made under oath, saying that something is true.
violation: A breach of a right, duty, or law.
Visitation: A plan for how the parents will share time with their children. Also called time-share.
voir dire: The process by which judges and lawyers select members of the jury by questioning them to make sure they can fairly decide the case.
voluntary declaration of parentage or paternity (VDOP): A form parents sign to establish that they are both a child's legal parents and to be listed on the child's birth certificate. Once filed with the State, it is equal to a court order.
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W
wage assignment: A legal procedure that requires the employer of a judgment debtor to withhold a portion of the judgment debtor's wages to satisfy a judgment.  Also used to order an employer to transfer (or assign) parts of future wage payments to pay a debt, like child support. Click for links to information on various types of wage assignments or garnishments in civil cases.
wage attachment: An involuntary transfer of a portion of an employee's wage payment to repay a debt. (See also income withholding, wage withholding, wage garnishment.)
wage garnishment: A legal procedure that requires the employer of a judgment debtor to withhold a portion of the judgment debtor's wages to satisfy a judgment. Also used to order an employer to transfer (or assign) parts of future wage payments to pay a debt, like child support.