vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
I skimmed the paper rather quickly.  It's interesting I guess, but if you haven't taken a junior level college course in finance you'll be lost.    I fail to see any actionable advice from the article however.    It simply goes over how pretty much how most of how we perceive WACC, Betas, and Equity Premiums are wrong.  We are wrong in their actual definitions and we are wrong in how they are calculated.    I'm disappointed the author did not propose a solution though.  Even if he is right, you can't rewrite 'wrong' textbooks if you have no idea what the right answer is.
So what exactly is the difference between an ITT mill and a shitty public school? Because I am not really seeing one. How does one prove that a school is a mill? And why are only private colleges considered? I know of several public schools that may as well be called diploma mills.
One theory I've heard on INTC is that it's part of a widely held pair trade with [QCOM](http://www.google.com/finance?q=QCOM), which does appear near the top of the list on the [opposite list of GS VIP long holdings](http://www.marketfolly.com/2012/05/goldman-sachs-vip-list-most-important.html). I don't own INTC or QCOM, but this trade doesn't make much sense to me. While INTC is lagging in mobile, it still has exposure to it, and its [valuation is at the lowest level in 10 years](http://ycharts.com/companies/INTC/price#series=type:company,id:INTC,calc:price,,id:INTC,type:company,calc:pe_ratio&amp;zoom=10&amp;startDate=&amp;endDate=&amp;format=real&amp;recessions=false). A pure long play on QCOM or even AAPL seems like it makes much more sense for this thesis, and avoids having to pay INTC's 3.3% dividend. Disclosure: I don't own INTC, QCOM. Long AAPL.
&gt;if publicly-traded companies (including JPMorgan, Goldman Sachs, and Morgan Stanley) are deemed to be integral to U.S. national security (meaning protecting the integrity of the dollar), they can legally be excused from reporting their true financial condition.  They are allowed to keep two sets of books.  Is this actually true? WTF-worthy if it is.
You are describing a corporation.  You can set up a corporation to perform business, but if you were using the money for any personal reasons the courts could Pierce the corporate veil and hold you personally liable.  Also, setting up a corporation for purely personal reasons is fraud.
Uhhhh Huge miscommunication here. I think he was saying he went to community college or his college awarded him an associates. I have an associates degree from a community college and then I'm going to receive a bachelors from a university. I assumed that's what he was saying he did.  Otherwise, yeah, that's dumb.
I went to one of those seminars, some huge HUGE bullshit scheme. I like what RDPD does with inspiring you, but they were riding on his name to make you increase your credit limit, put things on the card, take a trip to some other country to learn more about real estate, all the while giving them thousands of dollars. Total bullshit.  I now have more rental properties, doing it my way, and I made money with each purchase.  Was the one you went to from the Tigris company or something like that?
my background is in computational bio, which is close to economics math-wise. Let me do a play-by-play takedown of those things, and their dependency on context. 1) communicating with stakeholders How is this different from communication skills generally? stakeholders are not a homogenous group, so the statement is a derp. 2)negotiating goals much like the first, this is some ""communications"" herpderp. Key point is that understanding goal feasibility is dependent on experience with the system those goals measure, so this fake skill splits between expertise(as I mentioned) and bullshitting(aka ""communications""). 3)Developing a strategy falls under expertise because it is most essential to understand technical feasibility. You cannot delegate tasks well unless you understand exactly how to perform those tasks. 4)**leading** an organization to accomplish said goals. the first word made your definition recursive, sweetie"
Um, wut?  It took a failure for the SIFI to be defined in the first place.  It took the failure of Lehman and Bear Stearns for the US goverments to actively attempt precluding *any more failures* of what were yet-to-be-called, SIFI's.  Is this really such a hard concept to grasp?  Largely unforeseen failure first, further failure avoidance second.
"The blurb from the law site is accurate. I'm not going to say any other info from them is or isn't accurate though as I have not read their site at all. If you check the public resources from Fair Issac directly you will get similar wording to that of the law firm: Presence of adverse public records   (bankruptcy, judgements, suits, liens,   wage attachments, etc.), collection   items, and/or delinquency (past due   items) Once the items are on your report they will weigh the score down (though less over time). Also, paying the accounts off, other than a successful Pay For Delete (PFD), can have a negative impact on your score. By paying the account off you'll trigger a status change that will allow the account record to stick around for up to 7 more years (10 for medical debts). Which is why it is a better idea to let accounts fall off than it is to pay them once they are over a certain age. Be aware that paying off a collection   account on which you previously missed   a payment, will not remove it from   your credit report. Your FICO score   will still consider this information,   because it reflects your past credit   pattern. Source: Fair Issac: Understanding your FICO Score [PDF] Paying an account off and getting it marked ""Paid in Full"" or ""Settled"" or anything else really won't help you at all. The adverse account record drags on your score just for being there."
"The common way to frame the ""should I sell"" question is ask yourself ""would you buy it today at the current price"".  If you wouldn't,  sell it. Is sounds like this may be a paper certificate.  You will have to research how to present the certificate to a broker to trade it, or if the company has a direct shareholder program.  I have periodically been offered to sell ""odd lots"" to shareholder programs which, if one exists, may be less hassle than other options.  As a part of this, your mother's estate administrator should decide if the estate is selling it's interest, or giving it's interest to heirs before the sale."
Wells Fargo’s investment-banking, securities and markets division, known as Wells Fargo Securities, is a fraction of the size of its U.S. big-bank peers. Its U.S. investment-banking market share is just about 4% as of September, according to research firm Dealogic. And Wells Fargo’s foreign-exchange desk doesn’t do as much business as other banks, industry participants have said. Wells Fargo doesn’t break out financial results or metrics for that group. Unlike many other big banks, Wells Fargo’s foreign-exchange operations weren’t caught up in investigations into collusion between market participants to move foreign-currency rates for their own financial benefit. Those investigations led to more than $5 billion in combined penalties at U.S. and European banks and a guilty plea to criminal charges. In regard to the retail-bank problems, the report sent to the bank by the OCC this week said Wells Fargo was too slow to identify and correct problems related to auto-insurance products known as collateral protection insurance, a person familiar with the matter said. The OCC report was first reported by the New York Times . The OCC did acknowledge that the bank has ended the auto-insurance practices, changed management and restructured the group responsible for the sales. An OCC spokesman declined to comment on ongoing supervisory matters. Another Wells Fargo spokeswoman reiterated that the bank discontinued the product at issue. “We will continue to work with regulators on the remediation and will make improvements to our auto lending business,” the spokeswoman said.
&gt;My issue understanding this is I've been told that banks actually don't hold 10% of the cash and lend the other 90% but instead hold the full 100% in cash and lend 900%. Is this accurate? That's the money multiplier effect being poorly described.  Okay, then it makes total sense as long as that description is not accurate/ poorly described.  That description is what just *effectively* happens, spread out between all the banks, assuming that everything legally possible is loaned out?  Another way of saying it would be a bank can loan $9 out for every $10 deposited to it.  It *cannot* loan out $90 for every $10 deposited.
"&gt; “It’s hard to explain simply why and how it works"". If that's the case, why would I give you money?  There are plenty of forms of machine learning where the results can't be fully comprehended by humans - neural networks come to mind as a good popular example."
The EITC is not binary - its not something you have or don't have. Thats like saying we *have* minimum wage so we don't *need* to raise it.  We have a limited version of the EITC. It could be vastly expanded and paid monthly for starters.
"just curious what qualifies this as a ""hedge fund"".  is it structured as an LLC?  are they charging Apple 2%/20% fees?  are they shorting or using derivatives or leverage to manage risk or amplify returns?  are they employing sophisticated investment strategies?  are they managing funds for outside investors?  sounds to me like a standard cash management and tax avoidance operation of a (very large) corporation that somebody is calling a ""hedge fund"" to claim it is the world's largest.  I'm sure most major corporations are running something similar to this and nobody calls them hedge funds."
That's actually pretty close to what the original goal for arbitration was. Arbitration was envisioned as a way to resolve disputes between two businesses in a niche industry by an expert in that industry, rather than by an inexpert court. The idea being that someone in the chicken processing industry, for example, would know more about a chicken processing-related dispute than a judge would.  But then somewhere along the way, the courts and Congress got a hard on for arbitration clauses and started allowing them everywhere. Somehow they continue to overlook the fact that letting an industry expert resolve a dispute between someone else in the industry and an unaffiliated customer is profoundly unfair.  And that's how arbitration became yet another good idea that got perverted.
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See my post listing Trumps failures.  Clearly lenders/investors/people get sucked into things all the time.  P.S. Established Corps and LLC are granted credit all the time.  In my example I never mentioned how old or established, or well funded any of these Corps were.
How long will that transition take? And why did you get into construction?  I ask because I'm curious about how geography, the number of jobs in your area in that particular field, your perception of job options, why you chose that occupation at the time, and how long you expect your transition from one job to another to take. Those things factor into other arguments going on about this article and I'm curious how that information relates to myself and others.  You mentioned CC debt as building the trade deficit and that isn't entirely true, at least from what I've read about the deficit. The deficit is a symptom/outcome of some of which you know, but the decisions businesses make to outsource doesn't just add to that, but builds a skill deficit. Manufacturing is a good example of businesses outsourced and that skill seeing less and less entry level work due to it, which inhibits choice of income.  As for wages, a lot of countries have minimum wage laws, but to suggest one or another is disastrous for an entire country ignores a variety of economic factors that lead to a crap economy.
The short term loan that accept any credit score is really merchant cash advance. They call it loan because clients do have options to pay as direct deposit but most of the times they would make clients switch to their credit card terminals so they can get percentage of daily sales as payment as well as percentage from their partner credit card company. And that kind of payment (percentage of daily credit card sales) is merchant cash advance.
Haha the work conditions in NYC sound kind of fun actually, I like all nighters. I work better under stress. ADD is a contributing factor to that, but that's a story for another day folks! But I'm wondering... Does it matter if I get my diploma from Canada and not the US if I go to WS? Will WS HR people look down on a UofT degree? Not everyone has 100k in their bank account!  I'm wondering also what's the HEC Montreal's reputation when it comes to their MFE? Any opinions on that? We here very good things about them in Montreal, but does the reputation transfer elsewhere?
"The big reason why this is hard to wrap your head around via analogy is because we think of ""money"" as printed paper cash. Now, that stuff *is* money, but it's not the only kind of money. In fact, it's not even close to the majority of money in the system. When you charge dinner to a credit-card, your credit-card company sends an electronic ""promise"" to the restaurant, which based on your ""promise"" to re-pay the credit-card company, which is in turn based on your employer's promise to pay you for wages that you earned this past week, and so on... Similarly, the restaurant pays their landlord and employees and suppliers with checks and electronic-funds funds transfers, which are promises that the restaurant's bank will pay the check-holder's bank and so on. It's not like there are gnomes running around with bags of cash or gold behind the scenes: these ""promises"" are money that is actually being spent and re-spent, usually *without ever getting reconciled as actual cash withdrawals of printed currency.* It's promises all the way down: You can pay off a mortgage without ever once handing anyone a single printed dollar-- it's just checks and bank-transfers from your employers/investments, passed along to the creditor. And that's *real money*, even if it never gets printed. This can be pretty cleanly described mathematically (that's the kind of stuff where econ is pretty genuinely a ""science"", as opposed to the messier market-prediction and public-policy stuff). But it is very hard to make sense of via ""analogy"". That's why I used a fictional world where money doesn't exist. If you set aside your preconceptions, don't try to second-guess or think ahead to the conclusions, but just read through the story as it is written, you will see that there is *no meaningful difference at all* between the apple-certificates, the merchant-cartel-printed loddars, and a personal IOU handwritten from one person to another, except for the credibility of the issuer.
"Sorry but, I have to disagree. The USDA has very strict guidelines around what can and cannot be labeled ""Organic"". There is certainly an obligation to understand what the various labels mean but, I would be very surprised if Walmart or other major organiztions were not compliant. Where a mom &amp; pop grocery store may be able to get away with mislabeling simply because the USDA/FDA may not get around to checking I think we can be pretty certain that Walmart and other Major chains get checked often. For information about what ""Organic"" labels entail look here:  http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?navid=ORGANIC_CERTIFICATIO"
"Summary: The corporation pays 33.3% tax on dividends it receives and gets a tax refund at the same rate when it pays dividends out. According to http://www.kpmg.com/Ca/en/IssuesAndInsights/ArticlesPublications/TaxRates/Federal-and-Provincial-Territorial-Tax-Rates-for-Income-Earned-CCPC-2015-Dec-31.pdf the corporate tax rates for 2015 are: According to page 3: The federal and provincial tax rates shown in the tables apply to investment income   earned by a CCPC, other than capital gains and dividends received from Canadian   corporations. The rates that apply to capital gains are one-half of the rates shown in   the tables. Dividends received from Canadian corporations are deductible in computing   regular Part I tax, but may be subject to Part IV tax, calculated at a rate of 33 1/3%. If I understand that correctly, this means that a Corporation in Quebec pays 46.6% on investment income other than capital gains and dividends, 23.3% on capital gains and 33.33% on dividends. I'm marking this answer as community wiki so anyone can correct these numbers if they are incorrect. UPDATE: According to http://www.pwc.com/ca/en/tax/publications/pwc-facts-figures-2014-07-en.pdf page 22 the tax rate on taxable dividends received from certain Canadian corporations is 33 1/3%. Further, this is refunded to the corporation through the ""refundable dividend tax on hand"" (RDTOH) mechanism at a rate of $1 for every $3 of taxable dividends paid. My interpretation is as follows: if the corporation receives $100 of dividends from another company, it pays $33.33 tax. If that corporation then pays out $100 of dividends at a later time, it receives a tax refund of $33.33. Meaning, the original tax gets refunded. Note the first line is for the 2015 tax year while the second link is for the 2014 tax year. The numbers might be a little different but the tax/refund process remains the same."
"What is actually a halal investment? Your definition of halal investment is loose and subject to interpretation. On one hand, nothing is fixed in the financial world. You might get a 10 Year Germany Bund with a fixed coupon rate of 1%, but the real rate of return of this investment is far from fixed. It depends on the market environment, the inflation, etc. (Also, you can trade this investment on the secondary market at any time.) Moreover, the country can default. For example, nothing is ""fixed"" if you hold the Argentina bonds. You might think a saving account in the bank is a fixed investment. But again, what about the inflation? And if you talk with the account holders in Cyprus, you will understand there is no such thing that you are ""guaranteed to profit a fixed amount each month or year"". So, from this point of view, everything is ""halal"", because nothing is fixed and the risk of losing the principle is alway there.  On the other hand, if you assume that investing a government bond and having a saving account is not halal by definition, you will end up with a situation that every investment is not halal. Suppose you invest in a company. What does the company do with your money? Sure, they will use some of your money to buy equipments, hire new people, and so on. But they will always save some money as cash reserves to meet the short-term and emergency funding needs. Those cash reserves are usually in the form of highly liquid investment, such as short-term bonds, money market funds, savings in a bank account, etc. Because those investments are not halal per definition, is your investment in the company still halal? So in the end, you might just do whatever you want depending on your interpretation."
"Not having seen the movie, I don't know what you mean by ""fraudulent options buys."" But there are two possibilities: 1) Someone placed buy orders on the account without authorization. In which case it comes down to a protracted lawsuit to determine whether the broker exercised due diligence, or whether Bruce foolishly gave someone his password. 2) The options themselves were fraudulent. In which case the OCC is responsible for making everyone whole."
Probing for hidden limit orders usually involves sending the orders and then cancelling them before they get filled if they don't get filled. With trades actually going through multiple times for small amounts it looks more like a VWAP strategy where the trader is feeding small volumes into the market as part of a larger trade trying to minimize average cost. It could be probing but without seeing the orders and any cancels it would be difficult to tell. edit: I just had another thought; it could possibly be a market maker unwinding a bad position caused by other trading. Sometimes they drip trades into the market to prevent themselves from hitting big orders etc. that might move back against them. This is probably not right but is just another thought. source: I work for an organization that provides monitoring for these things to many large trading organizations.
I compared it to NJ, NY and various other states through a database that escapes me now.  It's an independent database that was partially funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates foundation and I cannot find it now.  I also went through the arbitration opinion between CPS and the union, as another datapoint.  I'm sorry.  I will try to find it and get back to you.
Is used cmc markets application (via my bank at the time) to gain leveraged exposure to the financial markets, with no tax payable as its classed as gambling.  I am sure there are other websites/application offering the same. The results weren't particularly pretty for me, but the concept is sound imo.
"It sounds like maybe you want an ""investment club"".  As defined by the SEC: An investment club is a group of people who pool their money to make investments. Usually, investment clubs are organized as partnerships and, after the members study different investments, the group decides to buy or sell based on a majority vote of the members. Club meetings may be educational and each member may actively participate in investment decisions. These ""typically"" do not need to register: Investment clubs usually do not have to register, or register the offer and sale of their own membership interests, with the SEC. But since each investment club is unique, each club should decide if it needs to register and comply with securities laws. There's more information from the SEC here: http://www.sec.gov/investor/pubs/invclub.htm The taxes depend on how you organized the club, i.e. if you organize as a partnership, I believe that you will be taxed as a partnership. (Not 100% sure.)  Some online brokerages have special accounts specifically for investment clubs.  Check around."
I've already worked for a major broker dealer. I came to ask this question on Reddit for unbiased advice. I've asked multiple people the same question in industry and they always tell me something different. Since I will be registering in my home state of New York, I looked up what the regulations are and was even further confused. One website says  &gt;Licensing Requirements: Series 65, Series 66 and Series 7 combined, or one of the following acceptable professional designations: CFA, CFP, CIC, ChFC, PFS.  Whereas another says  &gt; If you have taken the Series 65 or both the Series 66 and Series 7 within the last two years, you do not have to do anything.  My confusion is the part where the first website says Series 65, Series 66, and Series 7 combined.
It seems like there is a really good reason for that code  &gt;In July, Chief Executive John Mackey apologized to shareholders for posting messages on a Yahoo Inc chat forum under an alias for years. The postings talked up Whole Foods while criticizing rival Wild Oats Markets Inc, which it later bought.  http://mobile.reuters.com/article/idUSN0742771620071107