vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
I wrote about the dynamic of why either of a lower or higher exchange rate would be good for economies in Would dropping the value of its currency be good for an economy? A strong currency allows consumers to   import goods cheaply from the rest of   the world.  A weak currency allows   producers to export goods cheaply to   the rest of the world.  People are   both consumers and producers.    Clearly, there have to be trade-offs. Strong or weak mean relative to Purchasing Power Parity (i.e. you can buy more or less of an equivalent good with the same money). Governments worrying about unemployment will try and push their currencies weaker relative to others, no matter the cost.  There will be an inflationary impact (imported inputs cost more as a currency weakens) but a country running a major surplus (like China) can afford to subsidise these costs.
The Federal Central Tax Office says you may not have to pay taxes in germany for capital gains. You may have to apply for a tax relief to prevent the tax from being collected. You very likely will have to pay whatever taxes there are in Hong Kong on capital gains. Since you use an US broker withholding tax may apply to you but this is a different question that has nothing to do with Germany or german stocks. To be sure you should contact a local expert on this topic. EDIT: I missed some informations that I found on the english site of the german Federal Central Tax Office homepage.
"Trust me, the business model is pure Aldi and thus pure German. I mean that with respect, actually -- Germany has the lowest priced groceries in Western Europe thanks to Aldi and its competitors. Google ""Aldi business model"" and judge for yourself."
[Po­li­zei­li­che Kri­mi­nal­sta­tis­tik und Fall­zah­len Po­li­tisch Mo­ti­vier­te Kri­mi­na­li­tät 2015 vor­ge­stellt](http://www.bmi.bund.de/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/DE/2016/05/pks-und-pmk-2015.html)  Bottom line: without migrants considered, crime rates in Germany would have remained roughly static since 2014. But, in fact, the country recorded an extra 402,741 crimes committed by migrants.
You need to find a good balance for exactly that reason and with Germany having nearly full employment and many people still having to relying on the government, it is something we have to address. Especially if we want to get rid of our import deficit.   I agree with the notion though that the US has many problems that we would consider basic.
"Sry for getting -73.   It is fact that we don't have a minimum wage in Germany and that we developed a pretty large low income sector over the last ten years that often pays wages that are, in fact illegal in the US. And there are cases which involve workers receiving state benefits and essentially working for free in order to get back into the ""primary job market"". This last sector has a lot of fraud, often times to the sole disadvantage of the person working.  But Germany also has a tradition of less transparency compared to the US. This includes all aspects of life and has benefits. Much more privacy for example. But also severe drawbacks. Like this one. Where a lot of people simply choose to ignore a huge part of the population. Though it isn't 25% of the workforce that gets such low wages. It's still big though.  Your karma is outrageous."
"This is the best tl;dr I could make, [original](https://www.thefiscaltimes.com/2017/05/30/Trump-Says-Trade-Deficit-Germany-Very-Bad-It-Really) reduced by 86%. (I'm a bot) ***** &gt; That&amp;#039;s the difference between the $80.4 billion worth of U.S. exports to Germany and the $148.1 billion in German imports to the U.S. So, how does Germany stack up compared to the United States&amp;#039; other trading partners? Well, there is no question that the trade imbalance with Germany accounts for a significant chunk of the U.S. trade deficit - about 14 percent in 2016.  &gt; Even if the Trump administration were to somehow completely eliminate the U.S. trade deficit with Germany, it would mark a relatively small overall change in the total trade deficit.  &gt; Trade economists take a far more nuanced view of the impact a trade deficit has on a country.   ***** [**Extended Summary**](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/6el1e4/trump_says_the_trade_deficit_with_germany_is_very/) | [FAQ](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/31b9fm/faq_autotldr_bot/ ""Version 1.65, ~133768 tl;drs so far."") | [Theory](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/31bfht/theory_autotldr_concept/) | [Feedback](http://np.reddit.com/message/compose?to=%23autotldr ""PM's and comments are monitored, constructive feedback is welcome."") | *Top* *keywords*: **trade**^#1 **U.S.**^#2 **Germany**^#3 **deficit**^#4 **billion**^#5"
Isn't Germany better able to handle population loss, though? The EU allows freedom of movement, so whatever jobs Germans can't fill, a Spaniard, Italian, or Bulgarian can fill instead. Japan doesn't have anything like that and is actually very xenophobic from what I've heard.
China's GDP and foreign investment are an increasing portion of real growth, including massive infrastructure investments, from Africa to Asia  to Latin America. That is what makes their financial system and currency strong. The US is still stuck with financial bubbles. We would be better cooperating with China on their Belt and Road plans, joining the AIIB, and giving up the Neocon dreams of world hegemon. THEN, the dollar might be restored to some greater real value.
Singapore does well because?  Zurich does well because?  London is already a much larger and more versatile financial centre than anywhere you have cited (bar New York) or the above.  Not all financial services require passporting and, as I mentioned,'it remains to be seen whether some arrangement can be reached that allows firms UK firms similar passport privileges within the EU that they currently enjoy. Finance is very different from trade and the City is far less vulnerable to this political divorce than British importers and exporters.   Never mind that London is a much greater cultural hub than any would be pretenders. I work in finance, no one I know has the slightest inclination to move to Frankfurt.  It'll take a generation for any city to build up the institutional knowledge, infrastructure and talent pool that exists in Greater London.
It's a combination of neutrality, economic power, economic freedom, a history of stability, and tradition. In the case of the Japanese yen, it's obviously economic power that is the determining factor, as Japan is the world's third largest economy. Switzerland, on the other hand, is only the 19th largest economy, but ranks very high in all the other criteria.
Which is why outside of Germany, you have abysmal unemployment rates. 23.6% in Greece. 19.6% in Spain. 11.7% in Italy. 10% in France. 11.2% in Portugal. The US unemployment rate during the Great Recession peaked at 10%.   You can have labor that is controlled like you mention and high unemployment or lower controls and less unemployment. Is it better to have high unemployment but workers that are better off or lower unemployment and workers that aren't as well off?   The Euro zone is forgetting how to be competitive. We live in an economy where price matters. The price of labor determines the prices of goods and services. And supply and demand of products and services are determined by prices. Its a cold hard truth.
&gt; outside of Germany, you have abysmal unemployment rates  Europe has a higher unemployment rate, but that's OK - they have a strong social safety net. Unemployed people still get excellent free healthcare, unemployment benefits, university is still free. Europe does not optimize for full employment.  &gt; The US unemployment rate during the Great Recession peaked at 10%  [Factually incorrect. 25%](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression)  &gt; You can have labor that is controlled like you mention and high unemployment or lower controls and less unemployment. Is it better to have high unemployment but workers that are better off or lower unemployment and workers that aren't as well off?  Life is better in Europe. You know The State has got your back. You cannot lose your pension because your company went bankrupt (the pension funds are independent of the employer), healthcare is great and free at point of consumption, your kids will go to the best collage they can get into, because all collages are free.   &gt; The Euro zone is forgetting how to be competitive. We live in an economy where price matters. The price of labor determines the prices of goods and services. And supply and demand of products and services are determined by prices. Its a cold hard truth.  You are optimizing for the wrong target. If you push price of labor down, you push standards of living down. That's not good. That's missing the point of having a State and an economy. We build our society to make out life better, not to generate shareholder value.
&gt;mid-sized resource-based economies  From Wikipedia:  [Australia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Australia):  &gt;The Australian economy is dominated by its service sector, representing 68% of GDP.  [Canada](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Canada):  &gt;As with other developed nations, the Canadian economy is dominated by the service industry, which employs about three quarters of Canadians.  I'm no economist, but wouldn't that make these two service-based?
You're free to provide services, but if you stay in one country for more than half a year - you're generally considered to be its resident for tax purposes. Germany is no exception to the rule, in fact - this is true to almost any country in the world. If you provide the services from Poland, and never set foot in Germany - they won't say a word.
"This is the best tl;dr I could make, [original](http://news.sky.com/story/japans-economy-posts-longest-unbroken-growth-streak-in-more-than-a-decade-10988359) reduced by 71%. (I'm a bot) ***** &gt; It was the strongest quarter of growth since the first quarter of 2015.  &gt; It means Japan is growing faster than the likes of the United States, whose economy grew by just 2.6% on an annualised basis during the same period, and appreciably faster than the UK. Japan&amp;#039;s economy has now grown for sixth successive quarters, the longest growth streak it has enjoyed since 2006, representing a triumph for Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, who took office in 2012 promising a revival.  &gt; Toshimitsu Motegi, Japan&amp;#039;s new economic and fiscal policy minister, said the stronger-than-expected growth reflected continued strength in consumer spending and business investment.   ***** [**Extended Summary**](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/6ttbyy/japans_economy_beats_the_forecasts_growing_by_4/) | [FAQ](http://np.reddit.com/r/autotldr/comments/31b9fm/faq_autotldr_bot/ ""Version 1.65, ~191182 tl;drs so far."") | [Feedback](http://np.reddit.com/message/compose?to=%23autotldr ""PM's and comments are monitored, constructive feedback is welcome."") | *Top* *keywords*: **Japan**^#1 **growth**^#2 **quarter**^#3 **economy**^#4 **year**^#5"
"one of the good things about berlin is that you can find cheap apartments. with the money you pay for yours you wouldn´t get a lot of living space in other german urban areas (maybe ""east germany"") EDIT: just saying, that if you live by yourself with 8 eur/h, it´ll be a very basic style of living, considering rents are usually higher."
Price in the US are more expensive than Germany when you include tax and when you take into account paying the same in pounds versus kilos. Bread is not even a fair fight since the price is jacked up in the states. Germany has great bread at very reasonable prices.
Yes this! Unions are what ruined the German economy and put them at the bottom of the list of world manufacturers. They are bleeding so many jobs to China  and south east Asia experts are predicting they won't have any manufacturing sector jobs left within the year. This is going to exacerbate Germany's already sky high unemployment rate and god knows how they are going to pay off their enormous national debt.  On another point I just don't understand how we allow police and fire unions as they don't make those jobs any safer and just end up costing the tax payers more money. If it weren't for them we could pay our police and fire fighters minimum wages. That would equate to about a hundred dollars in tax savings for each and every property owner in a municipality.  Furthermore the rights of the workers are best represented by their employers and not an expensive, corrupt union. You can clearly see the efficiency with which large employers like Flour Daniels takes care of their non-union employees. Sure the non-union people have a much higher medical debt load, less home ownership and more frequent bankruptcies due to unpaid medical debt but that is not without its advantages.
It is totally a demand problem.  Why aren't people buying things in Greece?  Because everyone's poor and there is no demand?  Why are people buying things in Germany?  Because the German Government spent their way out of their recession by spreading money around to the people that needed it.  Why did we get out of the great depression?  Because those without money were given some, which they then spent.  Companies aren't making stuff because no one is buying.  Historically, higher taxes on higher income people and businesses equate with a better economy.  I don't see any data, o. your side, just lots of hand-waving.  http://www.angrybearblog.com/2011/05/optimal-tax-rates-for-generating.html
This doesnt happen in Germany, why? Labor gets half the board seats.  When corps cut, everyone gets cuts. Everyone shares the pain. When corps do well, EVERYONE does better. They dont chop up a corp and sell it off for parts. They dont send all the jobs to china.   This is also how you get things like this  [How Germany Builds Twice as Many Cars as the U.S. While Paying Its Workers Twice as Much](http://www.forbes.com/sites/frederickallen/2011/12/21/germany-builds-twice-as-many-cars-as-the-u-s-while-paying-its-auto-workers-twice-as-much/)  just remember it is the unions keeping american autoworkers from competeting and yet they get paid less than their german counterparts that live in an economy the fraction of our size.   [If you look at gdp per person, WE are 6th on the planet, and germany 17th](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita)   what does all this mean? Everyone is getting part of the economic growth and the meme that the right go off on that unions are destroying business in the US is BS. WE have a much richer country than germany. WE should be paying our workers even more than them. WE CAN AFFORD TO. They sure as shit can afford to with less money per person to go arround.
Karriere in einem innovativen und expandierenden Unternehmen. TELIS FINANZ ist ein deutschlandweit tätiges Beratungsunternehmen mit Sitz in Regensburg. Unsere Unternehmensberater für den privaten Haushalt betreuen derzeit über 1.000.000 Verträge. Sie sind Ansprechpartner in allen Bereichen privater Finanz- und Wirtschaftsplanung. TELIS FINANZ steht für Professionalität, Verantwortung und Mehrwert. Auf den folgenden Seiten finden Sie den TELIS-Stellenmarkt.
Last I checked, Argentina had a growing economy.   [Argentina 1991-2011 GDP Per Capita](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Latin_America_GDP_per_capita_1991-2011.png)  * Foreign direct investment in Argentina is divided nearly evenly between manufacturing (36%), natural resources (34%), and services (30%). The chemical and plastics sector (10%) and the automotive sector (6%) lead foreign investment in local manufacturing; oil and gas (22%) and mining (5%), in natural resources; telecommunications (6%), finance (5%), and retail trade (4%), in services. Spain was the leading source of foreign direct investment in Argentina, accounting for US$22 billion in 2009; the U.S. was the second leading source, with $13 billion (17%). Investments from the Netherlands, Brazil, Chile, and Canada have also been significant. In all, foreign nationals hold around US$86 billion in direct investment.  * Argentina's economy grew by 9% in 2010, and officially, income poverty declined to 8% by 2011; an alternative measurement conducted by CONICET found that income poverty declined to 22.6%.[Argentina's unemployment rate in the fourth quarter of 2011 was reportedly down to 6.7% from 8.4% in the fourth quarter of 2009, according to INDEC data. The jobless rate has declined from 25% in 2002 largely because of both growing global demand for Argentine commodities and strong growth in domestic activity.  Argentina proves my theory.
Its pretty simple why BMW and other German companies have thrived and its that they've delivered cars that consumers want.  GM failed at this and Ford is at least producing high quality cars, but not necessarily conveying the kind of brand value that the Germans have been so successful at.  Keeping a cap on costs is just one element of business.  Augmenting revenues is another.  If you're exceptional at selling the product and have great brand value (Apple, Coca-Cola, BMW) you don't have to pay attention to the costs as much.
Germany is substantially cheaper than the London . You would need at least double your current income to maintain the same lifestyle in London.  Even then, you will likely have to settle for a cramped housing or a long commute. Java developers are largely contractors in the UK.  Typical wages and rates can be found at www.itjobswatch.co.UK Wages go up and down depending on supply and demand. Don't quit till you have another offer.
"I am a female that works for a photo studio in berlin. I work ""part time"" (as in, I started at four hours per day and now I can work up to 8 if there is enough work). I make 8 euro per hour (not a lot but I don't speak fluent German and I scan photos), I have health insurance, I have sick and vacation time (24 days).  I am married to a German with a full time job so, of course, I have it better. However, if we didn't make enough money you can go and apply to get help from the government. My husband said they would give him at least 300euro per month.  Trick is that since I am a US citizen and looking for a permanent visa in three years they check to make sure you haven't gotten any government aid. They don't want to support more people that can't or don't want to work.  That being said my mother-in-law cannot work due to medical reasons and she lives very comfortably in a good apartment.  Our last apartment was a studio/one room apartment and we paid 230 euro per month. Even making the money I do without my husband I could afford the basics.  Even now we pay 57 euro for electricity. About 20 euro a month for our phones. 20 euro a month for internet.  It is way less expensive than the USA. My mom pays about $90 per month (my aunt sometimes has $1,000 electricity bills). Water is another $30. Cellphone another $60, cable and internet another $120.   I would say that living in the USA is far more expensive.  Edit: to put it very simply. I used to make on my own in the USA about what my husband and I both make, combined, in Germany. In the USA I could barely make ends meet. I lived with my mom and sister. Paid as little rent as I could, barely had enough for food. I had a good job! I was lucky to have health insurance but it was still really expensive to go to the doctor.  Here, in berlin, we have a large apartment in a nice neighborhood. With paying rent and all of our must haves every month we have over 500 euro left. That is pretty good. In the USA I was lucky if I had $20 by the end of the pay period."
The total size of the eurozone economy is $13 trillion, whereas Switzerland'd GDP is about $0.5 trillion, so the eurozone is about 26 times larger.  As such, I would not expect this move to have a large effect on the eurozone economy.  On the margins, this may decrease somewhat eurozone exports to Switzerland and increase imports from Switzerland, so this would be a slight negative for eurozone growth.  Switzerland accounts for 5.2% of the EU's imports, and these imports will now be slightly cheaper, which puts some deflationary pressure on the EU, particularly in the Swiss-specialized industries of chemicals, medicinal products, machinery, instruments and time pieces.  But overall, 5.2% is a rather small proportion. Bottom line, most common eurozone countries' people should probably not fret too much about this announcement. What it means for Switzerland and Swiss citizens, however, is a totally different (and much more interesting) question.
"Eh - no problem at all. Wait a decade or two and they'll train up the best engineers in the world.    Remember that Germany began its process of industrialization by making cheap knock-offs of British goods, and that Japanese products were considered sub-par crap as recently as the 1960's (integral to one of the most memorable jokes in the first ""Back to the Future"" movies.)"
I am myself from Scandinavia. We had low taxes until WW2 and were largely spared the horrors of WW2 which is the main reason we are still rich. As we have increased taxes, our growth rates have stagnated in Scandinavia. We still, however, do a lot of things right, we have high taxes, but also our governments are quite efficient, we have very free markets, free trade, very little labour regulation, etc. There are many more reasons Scandinavia is succesful - it is because we are so succesful that we have been able to have high taxes and support a welfare state, not the other way around... http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/03585522.2013.836985
"&gt; but the buying power of that money can be significantly reduced to the point where it's fundamentally useless, i.e. inter-war Germany and many countries in South and Central America. That's true, but *how* does that come about? The effect on buying power stems from the level of spending in the present period. Too little leaves you anywhere from outright deflation and contraction to weaker growth falling short of capacity. Too much reaches capacity and keeps spending, bidding up prices and driving down purchasing power. It has nothing to do with debt:GDP or interest payments. &gt; Germany managed to skate by by creating a new Deutschmark in a confidence trick, and it worked because Germany is a solid, iron clad manufacturing powerhouse of a lot of stuff. There are two important differences between inter-war Germany and the US. First is that inter-war Germany *lost a war*. This real shock is kind of important. When you're talking about buying power of money, one side of it is the amount of money in circulation but the other side of it is how much real output there is to buy and German real output capacity collapsed after the war. Their most productive regions were occupied territory and they were no longer a powerhouse manufacturing a lot of stuff, driving down the value of their currency. So lesson number one from Germany: real output collapse harms your currency. The second problem is that losing a war left Germany saddled with war reparations denominated in foreign currency. When you're on the hook for something you don't print you're in a situation where you can run out of money and that's exactly what happened to them. They tried printing more of their own currency to buy the foreign stuff with but that quickly drove down the value of German currency. So lesson number two from Germany is you don't want to be on the hook for a currency you don't issue. Put the two together and you have a real supply shock + foreign-denominated debt eviscerating the buying power of German currency. It wasn't debt:GDP but the real basis for their economy collapsing out from under them pushed along by a need for foreign currency.