vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Due to the ephemeral nature of instance storage, configure the mount entry in the Linux® VM’s /etc/fstab file with the nofail option, or leave the mount entry out entirely. This setting avoids a mount failure during boot.

The following example shows a mount entry with the nofail option.

/dev/vdb1 /mnt/inststg1 ext4 defaults,nofail 0 0





 Looking up instance storage details 

Look for the instance storage column in the web UI or CLI when you filter instance profiles.

The following examples show possible column values and what they mean:



* 1 x 150 GB – A single 150 GB block device is attached to the virtual server instance for instance storage.
* 2 x 600 GB – Two 600 GB (1200 total) block devices are attached.



In some contexts, you might see an Interface Type for an instance profile or for an attached instance disk. The following example shows details that were obtained from the CLI for a specific instance profile.

$ ibmcloud is in-pr bx2d-48x192
Getting instance profile bx2d-48x192 under account YYYYYY as user vpc-user@myco.com...

Name                     bx2d-48x192
Architecture             amd64
Family                   balanced
vCPUs                    48
Memory(G)                192
GPUs                     -
Network(Gbps)            80
Instance Storage Disks   Quantity   Size   Supported Interface Types
                         2          900    virtio_blk

Currently, the only supported Interface Type is virtio_blk. It's the standard virtualization block device, and the disk shows up as a Virtio block device. For more information about Virtio, see Virtio.





 Reporting instance storage information 

You can report instance storage information for your virtual server instance by using the following CLI example.

$ ibmcloud is instance-disks 0716_f8c0fd3b-cada-46c3-91f6-c271937ef488
When new data is written to the volume or LUN, any inaccessible data that still exists is overwritten.





 Can I use a Red Hat Cloud Access subscription to create a virtual server? 

Yes. When you import an image, you can specify that you provide the operating system license. For more information, see [Use Red Hat Cloud Access](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/image-templates?topic=image-templates-using-your-own-os-license-or-subscription). Then, you can order a virtual server from that image template and use your existing [Red Hat Cloud Access](https://www.redhat.com/en/technologies/cloud-computing/cloud-access) subscription.





 What is the difference between a virtual server and a virtual private server (VPS)? 

A virtual server is similar to the virtual private server (VPS) or virtual dedicated server (VDS) platforms that you might already be familiar with. These "virtual server" environments allow for distinct environments to be provisioned privately and securely on a single hardware node, but VDS and VPS are more limited in their capabilities. VPS and VDS options are generally confined to a single-server architecture. The only resources that can be added or divided up between each virtual server on a VDS or VPS are the resources that are physically installed on that single server.

Virtual servers are provisioned on a multi-server cloud architecture that pools all available hardware resources for individual instances to use. Virtual servers can use a shared high-capacity SAN-based primary storage platform or high-performance local disk storage. Because each instance is part of the larger cloud environment, communication between all virtual servers is instantaneous.





 Why do I receive a capacity error when I provision a virtual server? 

When you provision a virtual server, you might receive an insufficient capacity to complete the request error. When provisioning fails, all the virtual server instances within that particular request fail. A capacity error occurs when the data center or router has insufficient resources to fulfill the service request. Resource availability changes frequently, so you might wait and try again later.
Auto scale requires an empty back-end server pool; an empty back-end pool has no servers that are attached to it.





 Step 1: Create Instance templates for virtual server instances 

To create an Auto scale instance template for the virtual server instance, complete the following steps:



1. From the VPC overview page, scroll down to Auto scale and click Instance templates.
2. Click Create +.
3. In the New instance template:

a. Enter vpc-region1-zone1-template for the instance template Name.

b. Select vpc-region1 as the name for your VPC.

c. Select a Resource group.

d. Select Dallas 1 for the Location.

e. Select the appropriate image for Image.

If you select a stock image, you must do post-provisioning for the new virtual server instances to match the same functions as your current production web server. If you select a custom image (for example, snapshot of the web server), you might have minimal or no post-provisioning.
{: note}

f. Select jumphost-vsi for the SSH key.

g. For Network interface:

* Select vpc-region1-zone1-subnet as the Subnet.
* Ensure vpc-region1-webserver-sg is the only item that is selected in Security Groups.
4. Click Create instance template.







 Step 2: Create Instance group 

To create the Auto scale instance groups, complete the following steps:



1. From the VPC overview page, scroll down to Auto scale and click Instance groups.
2. Click Create +.
3. Under New instance group for VPC:

a. Enter vpc-region1-zone1-group for the instance group Name.

b. Select a Resource group.

c. Optionally, add Tags to organize your resources.

d. Select Dallas for your Region.

e. Select vpc-region1-zone1-template for Select instance template.

f.
Planning for Bare Metal Servers on VPC 

When you are planning to create a bare metal server on IBM Cloud® Virtual Private Cloud (VPC) to host your VMware® environments on x86 architecture or your Linux operation systems on s390x architecture, use the following configuration checklist as a guide.



Table 1. Planning checklist to create a bare metal server

 Item Considerations 

 Required IAM permissions ___ Make sure that your account has the required user permissions. You must be assigned the Editor role of the target resource group to create bare metal servers in this resource group.<br><br><br><br> * For x86 architecture, you also need Bare Metal Console Administrator to access the ESXi Direct Console User Interface (DCUI) and Bare Metal Advanced Network Operator to modify IP spoofing and infrastructure NAT configuration on network interfaces.<br> * For s390x architecture, only IP spoofing is supported. <br> If you have authorization as an Editor or Admin for a VPC resource group, then you also inherit authorization to create, delete, and modify servers within that resource group.<br><br><br> 
 Account limits ___ Check your [account limits](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vpc?topic=vpc-quotasservice-limits) for concurrent resources. The maximum number of servers per account is 25. 
 Image <br><br> * For x86 architecture, you can use the VMware ESXi image Licensed ESXi 7.x image.<br> * For s390x architecture, choose an IBM-provided Linux image or select a supported custom image for BYOL (bring your own license).<br><br><br> 
 SSH key ___ Make sure that your [SSH key](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vpc?topic=vpc-ssh-keysssh-keys) is available. 
 Location ___ Determine what region and zone to select. 
 Subnet ___ Determine which subnets that you want the server to connect to.
* The vCenter Server instance can use VMware vSAN or use NFS datastores, see [Physical storage design](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vmwaresolutions?topic=vmwaresolutions-design_physicalinfrastructuredesign_physicalinfrastructure-storage-design).
* The vCenter Server instance does not host production or disaster recovery workloads.
* The vCenter Server instance includes a gateway cluster to host your choice of one of the following to protect vCenter Server instance networks. It also provides a network air gap between the production environment and the isolated recovery environment:



* Juniper® vSRX appliances
* FortiGate® Security Appliance
* FortiGate® Virtual Appliance
* Bring your own gateway appliance



* The solution architecture does not preclude any of the vCenter Server options, such as Caveonix, Entrust, and VMware Aria® Operations™.
* Optionally, you can use encryption with Hyper Protect Crypto Services, Key Protect, and the VMware KMIP service. For more information, see [KMIP for VMware overview](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vmwaresolutions?topic=vmwaresolutions-kmip_standalone_considerations).
* The BYO (Bring Your Own) data mover and immutable repository is your backup technology that you want to instantiate within the isolated recovery environment.
* The management VM is your automation server that can be used to automate a number of cybertasks such as:



* Opening and closing the air-gap
* Automate the mounting of backups and scanning by your cybertoolsets
* Creating sandboxes



* Sandboxes can be provisioned by using VMware NSX-T™ overlay segments, logical routing, distributed firewall, and network address translation to provide network-isolated zones to mount cyber-recovery backups for inspection by your cybertoolsets.
* Cybertoolsets are customer-supplied tools that run as virtual machines in the isolated recovery environment and access your cyber-backups for verification and analysis.
For more information about the bare metal server network, see [Networking overview for Bare Metal Servers on VPC](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vpc?topic=vpc-bare-metal-servers-network).<br><br><br> 





 Next steps 



* If you're ready to get started, you can [create a bare metal server](https://cloud.ibm.com/vpc-ext/provision/bm) on IBM Cloud® Virtual Private Cloud now.
* For more information about creating a bare metal server on VPC, see [Creating bare metal servers on VPC](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vpc?topic=vpc-creating-bare-metal-servers).
Yes, NetScaler VPX appliances support High Availability (HA) configurations.

NetScaler VPX servers are not redundant, unless configured in HA mode with a partner. As part of your back up and recovery strategy, it is highly recommended to deploy an HA environment when using NetScaler VPX.

It is also important to provide redundancy for other hardware and software components. For example, power supplies and local disk drives may not have redundancy. A failure in these components may result in data loss.
* Does the IBM Cloud NetScaler offering include SSL VPN functionality?

Yes, this feature is known as NetScaler Gateway™ and is included in all editions. For more information regarding this feature please visit the [Citrix website")](https://www.citrix.com/products/netscaler-adc/)



Cloud Internet Services (CIS)



* What do I get with a Free Trial Plan?

The Free Trial plan, by design, allows only one zone per account. It is recommended that only one instance be created per account and the zone name be verified. It is critical that the zone name be verified before it is added. If a zone is deleted, another zone or the same zone cannot be added during the Free Trial Plan.
* How many Free Trial instances can I have?

You can have, at most, one Free Trial instance per account, for the lifetime of the account. If you already have a free trial instance, if you delete a free trial instance, or if the free trial expires, you are not allowed to create another free trial instance. You can, however, create instances of other paid plan types (for example, Standard), independent of any free trials you might have created.
* Can I downgrade from Standard to the Free Trial?

No. Downgrading from Standard to a Free Trial plan is not allowed.
* My Free Trial has expired. What are my options?

To avoid any data loss you must upgrade from Free Trial to Standard prior to the expiration date. After that, we only support upgrading the Plan or Deleting the CIS instance.
In some regions, dedicated hosts have a limitation on the number of virtual server instances that can be placed on them at one time. You can try to provision the cluster with a smaller number of virtual server instances to overcome this.
* Why does Spectrum Scale not allow use of the default value of 0.0.0.0/0 for security group creation?

For security reasons, Spectrum Scale does not allow you to provide a default value that would allow network traffice from any external device. Instead, you can provide the address of your user system (for example, by using [https://ipv4.icanhazip.com/](https://ipv4.icanhazip.com/)) or a range of multiple IP addresses.
* Does the Spectrum Symphony offering support multiple key pairs to establish SSH to all of the nodes?

Yes, the Spectrum Symphony offering supports multiple single key pairs that can be provided for access to all of the nodes that are part of the cluster. In addition, Spectrum Symphony has a feature where each node of the cluster can be accessed through passwordless SSH.
* What storage types are available through this offering?

In the Spectrum Symphony offering, you can use Spectrum Scale scratch storage or persistent storage. A scratch storage configuration uses virtual server instances with instance storage. A persistent storage configuration uses bare metal servers with locally attached NVMe storage.
* Which Linux operating system is supported for worker nodes?

The solution supports custom images based on RHEL 8.6 for virtual server instance worker nodes, and it supports the use of the stock RHEL 8.6 VPC images for bare metal worker nodes. At this time, custom images are not supported for use with VPC bare metal servers.
* Can I use a custom resolver that is already associated with a VPC?

Yes, the solution supports the use of a custom resolver that is already associated to a VPC. If a VPC already has a custom resolver, the automation makes uses of it and the DNS service and associates the new DNS domain that is created from the solution for hostname resolution.
* Can I associate a single VPC with multiple DNS zones that have the same name?
Ordering a bare metal server from an image template 

After you create an image template, you are ready to create more bare metal servers by using the template.



  Ordering a bare metal server from an image template 

Use the following steps to order a bare metal server from an image template.



1.  Go to the Image templates page by going to Devices > Manage > Images.
2.  Click the Action menu icon ![Actions menu icon](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/211160e8ccd9679349ee8d97c04d9e21c9533330/icons/action-menu-icon.svg) for the image template that you want to use and select the type of bare metal server that you want to order.
3.  Click Order Bare Metal.
4.  Enter the Quantity of servers to provision.
5.  Hostname is a permanent or temporary name for your servers, for example, baremetal01. Click Information for formatting specifics.
6.  Domain is the identification string that defines administrative control within the internet, for example, Customer-123456.cloud. Click Information for formatting specifics.
7.  Billing is either Hourly or Monthly.
8.  Locations are filtered based on where the image is available. You might see a subset of locations to choose from.
9.  Servers are filtered based on the supported hardware of your image. Select your server from the available options.
10. Select your RAM. For some servers, RAM defaults based on the CPU model and cannot be changed.
11. Enter an optional public key for your SSH key, which you can use to log in to your server after it is provisioned.
12. Expand Add-ons to select options that are related to the image configuration.
13. Your storage selection defaults to the storage disks that were used during the image capture. Note: You can't mix RAID and non-RAID storage disks.
14. Under Network Interface, select the Uplink Port Speeds and Private VLAN options. Expand Add-ons to select the appropriate options or use the default values.
15. Review your order in the Order summary.
16. Click the Third-Party Service Agreement checkbox.
17. Click Create. An email is sent when your bare metal server is provisioned.
* [Step 2: Deploy Satellite with a serverless component to your edge environment](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-edge-usecaseedge-example-serverless)
* [Step 3: Run model inferencing at the edge](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-edge-usecaseedge-example-inferencing)









 Understanding Satellite location and hosts 

[Understanding Satellite location and hosts](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-location-hostlocation-host)



* [Satellite location overview](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-location-hostloc-overview)
* [I created a Satellite location, what comes next?](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-location-hostloc-host-whats-next)







 Understanding Satellite Connector 

[Satellite Connector overview](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-understand-connectorsunderstand-connectors)



* [Minimum requirements](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-understand-connectorsmin-requirements)
* [Next steps](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-understand-connectorsconnector-understand-next-steps)



[Satellite Connector and Secure Gateway](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-connector-and-secure-gatewayconnector-and-secure-gateway)



* [Terminology mapping](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-connector-and-secure-gatewaysecure-gateway-connector-terms)
* [Capabilities](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/satellite?topic=satellite-connector-and-secure-gatewaycapability-comparison)
When you click the 'Inactive' server in Name field, an error message is displayed to indicate that provisioning has failed.

 What’s happening 

You try to create more than five virtual servers within a short period in one data center without any existing virtual server instances.

 Why it’s happening 

The number of virtual servers per data center is limited to five. Creating more than five virtual servers almost all at the same time in one data center leads to the status 'Inactive' (provisioning failed) for the sixth and all subsequent instances.

 How to fix it 

You can either provision more than five virtual servers in different data centers. Or you can provision more than five instances by using different IBM Cloud accounts.





 Generating a new virtual server fails because of exhausted resources 

You can only create a limited number of virtual server instances in each data center.

 What’s happening 

When you provision a new virtual server, you get an error message because the resources (for example, memory) are exhausted.

 Why it’s happening 

The resources for the selected data center are exhausted.

 How to fix it 

Retry the action and select a different data center.





 Can't connect to free virtual server anymore 

I can't connect to a server (for example, via SSH), which is in the free plan although it's visible in the IBM Cloud resource list.

 What’s happening 

You can't connect to a server in the free plan anymore. The server is still visible in the resource list, but the dashboard shows an error message. The message indicates that the server has expired. When a server expires, the server and all data that is stored on the server are deleted.

 Why it’s happening 

All virtual servers in free plans are deleted after 30 days.

 How to fix it 

Virtual servers in paid plans aren't deleted. You can remove the server from the resource list by deleting it from the resource list.





 Can't create new virtual servers because of exhausted resources or plan limitations 

You can't create new virtual servers because of exhausted resources or plan limitations, although you've less than the described limits.

 What’s happening 

You try to create a new server but fail.
--------------------









 Bare metal servers 



 ibmcloud is bare-metal-server 

View details of a bare metal server.

ibmcloud is bare-metal-server SERVER [--output JSON] [-q, --quiet]



 Command options 



* SERVER: ID or name of the server.
* --output: Specify output format, only JSON is supported. One of: JSON.
* -q, --quiet: Suppress verbose output.



--------------------







 ibmcloud is bare-metal-server-console 

Open an interactive console to the bare metal server. By default, this command opens an interactive serial console.

ibmcloud is bare-metal-server-console SERVER [--vnc] [-q, --quiet]



 Command options 



* SERVER: ID or name of the server.
* --vnc: Get the WebSocket URI for the VNC console, it doesn't open the VNC console.
* -q, --quiet: Suppress verbose output.



--------------------







 ibmcloud is bare-metal-server-create 

Create a bare metal server.
However, if port_min and port_max have the same value, the behavior will be unchanged and traffic will arrive on the port specified by the port property of the load balancer pool member.







 1 February 2022 



 For all version dates 

Bare metal servers for VPC. You can now create bare metal servers to host VMware® clusters in IBM Cloud VPC. You can set up VMware management applications and create VMware virtual machines on the bare metal servers. The new [bare metal server](https://cloud.ibm.com/vpclist-bare-metal-servers) APIs use a similar structure and employ the same concepts as the existing [instance](https://cloud.ibm.com/apidocs/vpc?code=golist-instances) APIs. There is also a parallel but separate set of [bare metal server profile](https://cloud.ibm.com/apidocs/vpclist-bare-metal-server-profiles) APIs with similar conventions to the existing [instance profile](https://cloud.ibm.com/apidocs/vpc-scopedlist-instance-profiles) APIs. After you've learned one concept, it will apply to the other. However, be aware that there are some [limitations](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vpc?topic=vpc-known-issuesbare-metal-servers-limitations).

For more information, see [About Bare Metal Servers for VPC](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vpc?topic=vpc-about-bare-metal-servers) and [Bare metal server profiles](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vpc?topic=vpc-bare-metal-servers-profile&interface=api), or dive into the new [API methods](https://cloud.ibm.com/apidocs/vpclist-bare-metal-server-profiles).







 25 January 2022 



 For all version dates 

Security groups for endpoint gateways.
Requirements for vCenter Server instances 

To deploy a flexible and customizable VMware® virtualized platform that best fits your workload needs, order a VMware vCenter Server® instance.

New deployments of vCenter Server multizone instances are not supported.

You can also add services, such as [Zerto](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vmwaresolutions?topic=vmwaresolutions-addingzertodr) for disaster recovery. For more information about the available services, see [Available services for vCenter Server instances](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vmwaresolutions?topic=vmwaresolutions-vc_addingservicesvc_addingservices-available-services).

Price calculations are automatically generated when you access the VMware vCenter Server® instance order page. Default selections include the Data Center SP Professional license for NSX-T, the Dual Intel® Xeon® Platinum 8260 processor / 48 cores, 2.4 GHz CPU model, and 768 GB RAM.

Ensure that you complete the following tasks:



* If you are ordering an instance for the first time, complete the tasks in the Before you begin section on the ordering page. For more information, see [Setting up your environment for your first order](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vmwaresolutions?topic=vmwaresolutions-completing_checklist).
* Review the information in [Planning for vCenter Server instances](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/vmwaresolutions?topic=vmwaresolutions-vc_planning).
* Review the domain name format. The domain name is used to generate the username and server names of the instance.



The subdomain label is used only for existing VMware vSphere® 6.x instances.



Table 1. Value format for instance and domain names

 Name Value format 

 Domain name <root_domain> 
 vCenter Server login username <user_id>@<root_domain> (Microsoft® Active Directory™ user) or administrator@vsphere.local