vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Are you getting a binding_error code when you make a cURL API request? 

If you use single quotes in an API request, the request fails with a binding error.

  What’s happening 

The API request fails and the response returns a binding error.

  Why it’s happening 

When you use single quotes in the header of a cURL request, for example, -H 'Authorization: $ACCESS_TOKEN' -H 'content-type: application/json', you can get the binding_error problem.

{"trace":"70684768-53ae-476f-bec7-2d923bb5f14c","errors":[{"code":"binding_error","message":"The input parameters in the request body are either incomplete or in the wrong format. See detailed error: invalid character 'n' looking for beginning of object key string."}]}curl: (6) Could not resolve host: COS
curl: (6) Could not resolve host: target
curl: (3) [globbing] unmatched close brace/bracket in column 389

  How to fix it 

Check the header in your cURL request is set with double quotes.

-H "Authorization:  $ACCESS_TOKEN"   -H "content-type: application/json"
The HTTP 400 Bad Request response status code indicates that the server cannot or will not process the request due to something that is perceived to be a client error (e.g., malformed request syntax, invalid request message framing, or deceptive request routing).

The client should not repeat this request without modification.





 Context 

If a root key was created with a key material (payload), then a key material must be specified to rotate the key.

 step 1 - create a root key and provide a key material
$ KEY_MATERIAL=$(openssl rand -base64 32)

$ echo $KEY_MATERIAL

HpHM2YG9PMLBo4fZmV2WODZTTWlwaKmy496MoCE7w7U=

$ KEY_ID=$(ibmcloud kp key create rotate-example-key -i $KP_INSTANCE_ID --key-material $KEY_MATERIAL --output json | jq -r '.["id"]')

$ echo $KEY_ID

e52ee578-af71-4cd7-ba19-f1a8020d6a10

 step 2 - rotate the key without a new key material
$ curl -X POST "https://us-south.kms.cloud.ibm.com/api/v2/keys/$KEY_ID/actions/rotate" -H "authorization: Bearer $ACCESS_TOKEN" -H "bluemix-instance: $KP_INSTANCE_ID" -H "content-type: application/vnd.ibm.kms.key_action+json"
Show more



 JSON response 

{
"metadata": {
"collectionType": "application/vnd.ibm.kms.error+json",
"collectionTotal": 1
},
"resources": [
{
"errorMsg": "Bad Request: Action could not be performed on key: Please see reasons for more details (KEY_PAYLOAD_REQ_ERR)",
"reasons":
{
"code": "KEY_PAYLOAD_REQ_ERR",
Authorization: 'AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential={access-key}/{date}/{region}/s3/aws4_request,SignedHeaders=host;x-amz-date;,Signature={signature}'
x-amz-date: {timestamp}
Content-Type: text/plain
Host: s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud

Example response No CORS configuration set

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Wed, 5 Oct 2016 15:20:30 GMT
X-Clv-Request-Id: 0b69bce1-8420-4f93-a04a-35d7542799e6
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Server: Cleversafe/3.9.0.129
X-Clv-S3-Version: 2.5
x-amz-request-id: 0b69bce1-8420-4f93-a04a-35d7542799e6
Content-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 123

<CORSConfiguration xmlns="http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/2006-03-01/">
<CORSRule>
<AllowedMethod>GET</AllowedMethod>
<AllowedMethod>PUT</AllowedMethod>
<AllowedMethod>POST</AllowedMethod>
<AllowedOrigin>http://www.ibm.com</AllowedOrigin>
</CORSRule>
</CORSConfiguration>

--------------------





 Create a cross-origin resource sharing configuration for a bucket 

A PUT issued to a bucket with the proper parameters creates or replaces a cross-origin resource sharing (CORS) configuration for a bucket.

Not all operations are supported in Satellite environments.
Review the Summary page and click Add ordering service.





 Task: Create an ordering service 



Table 6. Create an ordering service

 Display name MSP ID Enroll ID Secret 

 Create ordering service Multiregion Ordering Service mrosmsp 
 CA Multiregion OS CA 
 Ordering Service Identity os1 os1pw 
 Administrator certificate Multiregion OS MSP 
 Associate identity Multiregion OS MSP Admin 



It takes several minutes for the ordering service to be deployed to your Region 1 cluster. After the ordering service has been successfully deployed, you are able to see it on the Nodes panel with a green status indicator. You may need to refresh your browser.







 Add second ordering node in Region 1 

Now we can create a second ordering node in Region 1 and add it to the ordering service. The steps are similar, but this time they are performed from inside the ordering service itself.



1. Navigate to the Nodes tab.
2. Scroll down to the ordering service that you created and click the tile to open it.
3. Click the Ordering nodes tab. Notice a single ordering node was created in the previous section. We add a second node by clicking Add another node.
4. Click Create an ordering node and Next.
5. Provide a name for this ordering node, OS2-Region1.
6. If you want to control which zone the node is created in, select the advanced deployment option that is labeled Deployment zone selection, otherwise you can leave this advanced option unchecked. Click Next.
7. On the Add another node page:



* Select Multiregion OS CA as your CA.
* Then, select os1 as the enroll ID for the node
* Enter the associated secret, os1pw.
* Select your MSP, Multiregion OS MSP from the drop-down list.
* As before, skip the TLS CSR hostname option.
* In the Fabric version drop-down list, select the latest available version, as it will contain the latest bug fixes.
* Click Next.



8. Review the Summary page and click Add another node.





 Task: Add second ordering node 



Table 7. Create second ordering node
For more information about the ordering service, see [The Ordering Service](https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-1.4/orderer/ordering_service.html).





 The Fabric SDKs 

The Hyperledger Fabric SDKs enable application developers to build applications that interact with a blockchain network. These SDKs help facilitate applications to manage the lifecycle of channels and chaincode.

Hyperledger Fabric delivers both a Node.js SDK and Java SDK, and provides the following functions to interact with the blockchain network:



* Register and enroll users
* Create channels
* Join peers to a channel
* Update system channel or application channel configuration
* Install chaincode on peers
* Instantiate chaincode on a channel
* Upgrade chaincode on a channel
* Call chaincode functions to update the ledger
* Query the ledger for specific transactions, blocks or keys
* Monitor events on a channel (for example, successful commitment of a transaction)



For more information about Fabric SDKs, see [Hyperledger Fabric SDKs](https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-1.4/fabric-sdks.html) in [Hyperledger Fabric documentation](https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-1.4/).





 Transaction flow 

To ensure data consistency and integrity, Hyperledger Fabric implements multiple checkpoints throughout the transaction flow, including client authentication, endorsement, ordering, and commitment to the ledger.

Figure 1 depicts the transaction flow on a Hyperledger Fabric blockchain network:

Zoom

![Transaction Flow](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/c5288bed34c3820e3a5251d820ee91adcd2591a3/blockchain/images/v10_txflow.svg)

Figure 1. Transaction flow on a Hyperledger Fabric network
* [Update channel1 to add the Ordering Service2 MSP and the Ordering Service_2 node](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/blockchain?topic=blockchain-ibp-console-add-remove-ordereribp-console-add-remove-orderer-update-channel1)
* [Add Ordering Service2 MSP to channel1](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/blockchain?topic=blockchain-ibp-console-add-remove-ordereribp-console-add-remove-orderer-consenters-org-add)
* [Add the node to the application channel](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/blockchain?topic=blockchain-ibp-console-add-remove-ordereribp-console-add-remove-orderer-consenters-add)
* [Join the node to the application channel](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/blockchain?topic=blockchain-ibp-console-add-remove-ordereribp-console-join-orderer)



* [Removing ordering service nodes](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/blockchain?topic=blockchain-ibp-console-add-remove-ordereribp-console-add-remove-orderer-consenters-remove)



* [Mapping to existing ordering nodes](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/blockchain?topic=blockchain-ibp-console-add-remove-ordereribp-console-add-remove-orderer-mapping)
* [Editing the peer configuration](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/blockchain?topic=blockchain-ibp-console-add-remove-ordereribp-console-add-remove-orderer-mapping-code-snippet)





[Importing nodes, MSPs, and identities](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/blockchain?topic=blockchain-ibp-console-import-nodesibp-console-import-nodes)



* [Why import components?]
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $API_BEARER_TOKEN" -X POST "$SERVICE_URL/orders/_all_docs" -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{ "include_docs": true, "startkey": "abc", "limit": 10}'

import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.Cloudant;
import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.model.AllDocsResult;
import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.model.PostAllDocsOptions;

Cloudant service = Cloudant.newInstance();

PostAllDocsOptions docsOptions =
new PostAllDocsOptions.Builder()
.db("orders")
.includeDocs(true)
.startKey("abc")
.limit(10)
.build();

AllDocsResult response =
service.postAllDocs(docsOptions).execute().getResult();

System.out.println(response);

from ibmcloudant.cloudant_v1 import CloudantV1

service = CloudantV1.new_instance()

response = service.post_all_docs(
db='orders',
include_docs=True,
start_key='abc',
limit=10
).get_result()

print(response)

postAllDocsOptions := service.NewPostAllDocsOptions(
"orders",
)
postAllDocsOptions.SetIncludeDocs(true)
postAllDocsOptions.SetStartKey("abc")
postAllDocsOptions.SetLimit(10)

allDocsResult, response, err := service.PostAllDocs(postAllDocsOptions)
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}

b, _ := json.MarshalIndent(allDocsResult, "", " ")
403 Forbidden 
 ServiceUnavailable Reduce your request rate. 503 Service Unavailable 
 SlowDown Reduce your request rate. 503 Slow Down 
 TemporaryRedirect You are being redirected to the bucket while DNS updates. 307 Moved Temporarily 
 TooManyBuckets You have attempted to create more buckets than allowed. 400 Bad Request 
 UnexpectedContent This request does not support content. 400 Bad Request 
 UserKeyMustBeSpecified The bucket POST must contain the specified field name. If it is specified, check the order of the fields. 400 Bad Request
--------------------





 Upload a part 

A PUT request that is issued to an object with query parameters partNumber and uploadId will upload one part of an object. The parts can be uploaded serially or in parallel, but must be numbered in order.

Personally Identifiable Information (PII): When naming buckets or objects, do not use any information that can identify any user (natural person) by name, location, or any other means.

Not all operations are supported in Satellite environments. For details, see [supported Satellite APIs](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/cloud-object-storage?topic=cloud-object-storage-apis-cos-satellite)

Syntax

PUT https://{endpoint}/{bucket-name}/{object-name}?partNumber={sequential-integer}&uploadId={uploadId}= path style
PUT https://{bucket-name}.{endpoint}/{object-name}?partNumber={sequential-integer}&uploadId={uploadId}= virtual host style

Example request

PUT /some-bucket/multipart-object-123?partNumber=1&uploadId=0000015a-df89-51d0-2790-dee1ac994053 HTTP/1.1
Authorization: Bearer {token}
Content-Type: application/pdf
Host: s3.us.cloud-object-storage.appdomain.cloud
Content-Length: 13374550

Example request

PUT /some-bucket/multipart-object-123?partNumber=1&uploadId=0000015a-df89-51d0-2790-dee1ac994053 HTTP/1.1
Authorization: 'AWS4-HMAC-SHA256 Credential={access-key}/{date}/{region}/s3/aws4_request,SignedHeaders=host;x-amz-date;,Signature={signature}'
(https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/417db917d18067d9dcc4cf2612564a9a87c3ddc8/assistant/images/gs-ass-test-cancel-order-number-provided.png)

Now, try it when you don't know the order number.
4. Click Clear in the "Try it out" pane to start over. Enter, I want to cancel my order.

Your assistant recognizes the cancel_order intent, and responds with, If the pickup time is more than 48 hours from now, you can cancel your order. What is the order number?
5. Enter, I don't know.

Your assistant responds with, I need the order number to cancel the order for you. If you don't know the order number, please call us at 958-234-3456 to cancel over the phone.

![Shows the Try it out pane test of the cancel order number node when the user doesn't know the order number.](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/417db917d18067d9dcc4cf2612564a9a87c3ddc8/assistant/images/gs-ass-test-cancel-order-number-unknown.png)







 Add nodes to clarify order number format 

If you do more testing, you might find that the dialog isn't very helpful in scenarios where the user does not remember the order number format. The user might include only the numbers or the letters too, but forget that they are meant to be uppercase. So, it would be a nice touch to give them a hint in such cases, correct? If you want to be kind, add another node to the dialog tree that checks for numbers in the user input.



1. Find the @order_number node that is a child of the Ask order number node.
2. Click the More!
Why am I not authorized when running TKE CLI plug-in commands? 

You receive an error message after you run a tke CLI command.

  What’s happening 

The message might be similar to the following one:

> ibmcloud tke cryptounits FAILED Error querying service instances. Status code: 401 Message: Unauthorized Your access token is invalid, expired, or does not have the necessary permissions to access this instance.

  Why it’s happening 

To run TKE CLI plug-in commands that send requests to the IBM Cloud, you must have a valid authentication token. An authentication token is created when you log in to the IBM Cloud, but it expires after 1 hour. After 1 hour, you must log in again to continue to send requests to the IBM Cloud.

  How to fix it 

Log in to IBM Cloud again with the ibmcloud login command to refresh the token.
Are you getting a failed to connect message when configuring streaming? 

You are trying to configure streaming and receive a "failure to connect" error.

  What’s happening 

You are trying to configure streaming and receive a message similar to the following: Failed to connect: Port should be >= 0 and < 65536. Received NaN.

  Why it’s happening 

You are attempting to configure multiple Bootstrap Server URLs at the same time.

  How to fix it 

Configure Bootstrap Server URLs one at a time clicking Add another URL to add each new URL. Multiple URLs cannot be specified in a single Bootstrap Server URLs field and the Bootstrap Server URLs cannot include quotes or commas.
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $API_BEARER_TOKEN" "$SERVICE_URL/orders/_all_docs?limit=5&endkey="order00077""
import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.Cloudant;
import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.model.AllDocsResult;
import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.model.PostAllDocsOptions;

Cloudant service = Cloudant.newInstance();

// get me 5 documents from _id order00057 onwards
PostAllDocsOptions docsOptions =
new PostAllDocsOptions.Builder()
.db("orders")
.startKey("order00057")
.limit(5)
.build();
AllDocsResult response1 =
service.postAllDocs(docsOptions).execute().getResult();
System.out.println(response1);

// get me 5 documents between _id order00057 --> order00077
PostAllDocsOptions docsOptions2 =
new PostAllDocsOptions.Builder()
.db("orders")
.startKey("order00057")
.endKey("order00077")
.limit(5)
.build();
AllDocsResult response2 =
service.postAllDocs(docsOptions2).execute().getResult();
System.out.println(response2);

// get me 5 documents up to _id order00077
PostAllDocsOptions docsOptions3 =
new PostAllDocsOptions.Builder()
.db("orders")
.endKey("order00077")
.limit(5)
.build();
AllDocsResult response3 =
service.postAllDocs(docsOptions3).execute().getResult();
From here, you can navigate down to the parameter you want to change, which includes all of the same parameters you specified when creating the channel other than the channel capabilities and the ordering service administrator, which are only available when updating a channel.

If your console is at a build before 2.1.3-104, you will not see the ordering service administrator option. To see the version of your build, click on the support icon in the upper right corner (it resembles a question mark). The version will be listed below IBM Blockchain Platform version on the upper left.

If you are attempting to change any parameter that requires the signature of ordering service admins (for example, the Block cutting parameters or ordering service consenters) and are one of the ordering service admins on this channel, you will see a field for the ordering service organization. Select the MSP of the relevant ordering service organization from the drop-down list. If you are not an admin of the ordering service organization, you can still make a request to change these fields, but the request must be signed by an ordering service admin.

When you are done making your updates, the Review channel information panel will allow you to review your changes and then submit them.



 Anchor peers 

Because cross organizational [gossip](https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.2/gossip.html) must be enabled for service discovery and private data to work, each organization should specify at least one [anchor peer](https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.2/gossip.htmlanchor-peers) on each channel. This anchor peer is not a special type of peer. It is just the peer that bootstraps cross organizational gossip.

Note that while anchor peers are a channel configuration parameter, they are not set through the normal process of creating and editing a channel configuration.

To configure a peer to be an anchor peer, click the Channels tab and open the channel where the smart contract was deployed.



* Click the Channel details tab.
* Scroll down to the Anchor peers table and click Add anchor peer.
* Select at least one peer from each organization in collection definition that you want to serve as the anchor peer for the organization.
Troubleshooting for the IBM Cloud CLI 

See solutions to common problems with using the IBM Cloud® Command Line Interface. In many cases, you can recover from these problems by following a few easy steps.



  Why do I get a failure when updating the CLI, updating a plug-in, or installing a plug-in? 

  What’s happening 

If you are attempting to update the IBM Cloud CLI, or update or install a plug-in with a CLI version lower than 2.0.0, you see an error similar to the following message.

An error occurred when fetching latest CLI info:
invalid character '<' looking for beginning of value

  Why it’s happening 

This error is caused by the older CLI version attempting to reach the deprecated CLI repo infrastructure.

  How to fix it 

Download and install or replace the older CLI with the latest CLI version by using these [instructions](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/cli?topic=cli-install-ibmcloud-cli).





  Why do I get a service broker error when I add the Object Storage capability? 

The following error might be displayed if you use the CLI to create two apps with the Object Storage capability:

  What’s happening 

FAILED
Service broker error: {"description"=>"You can not create this Object Storage instance. Each organization using the Object Storage service is limited to one instance of the Free plan."}

  Why it’s happening 

This error is due to the Object Storage service, which provides only one instance of the free Object Storage plan.

  How to fix it 

Select a different plan.





  Why does the ibmcloud catalog search command fail? 

Running the ibmcloud catalog search command displays the following error:

  What’s happening 

FAILED
'search' is not a registered command. See 'C:Program FilesIBMCloudbinibmcloud.exe catalog help'.

  Why it’s happening 

The ibmcloud catalog search command was moved to a separate plug-in in v1.0.0.

  How to fix it 

To use this command, you must install the catalogs-management plug-in. For more information, see [Catalogs management CLI plug-in](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/cli?topic=cli-manage-catalogs-plugin).
Why can't I perform any actions by using the IBM Cloud console? 

When you access your Hyper Protect Crypto Services instance by using the IBM Cloud console, you can't perform any actions.

  What’s happening 

You might receive an error message similar to one of the following messages:

> The service was not able to retrieve the keystores data. The service was not able to retrieve the key data. The service was not able to retrieve the encryption unit.

  Why it’s happening 

You have left the console open without performing any actions with it for an extended period (for example, 60 minutes), which causes your session timeout.

  How to fix it 

Refresh the page to start a new session, and then you can continue operations with the console.
Step 3: Add two new ordering nodes in Region 3 

In this section, we largely repeat the instructions performed in Region 2. The major difference is that Region 3 will contain two ordering nodes, highlighted in yellow in the following diagram, whereas in Region 2 there is only one ordering node. Along with the two nodes in Region 1 and one node from Region 2, this configuration will complete the recommended minimum number of five ordering nodes for a production ordering service.

Zoom

![Region 3 ordering nodes](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/c5288bed34c3820e3a5251d820ee91adcd2591a3/blockchain/images/mr-ha-os-region3.png)

Figure 4. Create fourth and fifth ordering nodes in Region 3

Because all of the actions in this section are performed from the blockchain console in Region 3, log in to the Region 3 console now.



 Import components 

Repeat the steps to import the console components from Region 1, but this time import them into the Region 3 console:



1. Import the CA.



* From the Nodes tab, click Add a Certificate Authority, then Import an existing Certificate Authority.
* Click Add file and browse to the Multiregion OS CA_ca.json file and click Add Certificate Authority.
* Open the imported Multiregion OS CA tile.
* Click Associate identity.
* Specify the enroll ID and secret we used when we created the CA, admin and adminpw, then Associate identity.



2. Import the Ordering service.



* From the Nodes tab, click Add ordering service, then Import an existing ordering service.
* Click Add file and browse to the Multiregion Ordering Service_orderer.json file and click Add ordering service.



3. Import the orderer organization msp.



* From the Organizations tab, click Import MSP definition and then click Add file.
* Browse to the Multiregion OS MSP_msp.json file and click Import MSP definition.



4. Import the MSP admin identity.



* From the Wallet tab, click Add identity then Upload JSON.