vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
PGConnect icd = new PGConnect();

try {
Connection connection = icd.connect();
Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();

ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery("SELECT * from pg_database");
while (rs.next()) {
System.out.println("DB Name: " + rs.getString(1));
}

} catch (SQLException e) {
System.out.println(e.getMessage());
}
}
}
Show more

This next example uses the information from your connection string and the Python driver [Psycopg2](https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Psycopg2_Tutorial) to connect to your database. This is just a simple connection example, without error handling or retry logic and might not be suitable for production.

import psycopg2

try:
conn = psycopg2.connect(
host="hostname.databases.appdomain.cloud",
port= 31525,
user="username",
password="password",
sslmode="verify-full",
sslrootcert="/path/to/cert/ca-certificate.crt",
database="ibmclouddb")
except:
print("Unable to connect to database")

cur = conn.cursor()
cur.execute("SELECT datname FROM pg_database")
rows = cur.fetchall()

print("List of databases:")
for row in rows:
print(" ",row[0])
Show more

This final example uses the information from your connection string and the Node driver [node-postgres](https://node-postgres.com/) to connect to your database.

const pg = require("pg");
const fs = require("fs");
* [expression](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referenceexpression)
* [identifier](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referenceidentifier)







 Related references - values clause 

A values clause is referenced by the following clauses:



* [fullselect](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referencefullselect)
* [relationPrimary](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referencerelationPrimary)







 Lateral views 

A lateral view is a component of a simpleselect. With lateral views, you can build virtual tables at query execution time by using table-generating functions. Examples of table-generating functions are explode(), posexplode(), and posexplode_outer(). The explode()-style functions take an array or map as input and return a row for each element in the array. For more information, see [SQL functions](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sqlfunctionssqlfunctions).





 lateralView 

The syntax of a lateral view clause is described by the following syntax diagram.

The semantics of the entities in order of appearance in the syntax diagrams is as follows:



* OUTER: Specifying this keyword ensures that the lateral view contains at least one row with null values in case the table-generating function does not return any rows.
* qualifiedName: Name of a table-generating function.
* expression: An expression that resolves to an array.
* identifier: Lateral view name, which is the name of the new virtual table.
* identifier: Lateral view column names.







 Examples - lateralView 

Lateral views are useful when you deal with repeating groups within a table that is not normalized tables. The examples show how to deal with tables that represent a 1-n relation and an n-m relation.
translate(input, from, to)
: Converts the input string by replacing the characters present in the from string with the corresponding characters in the to string.
: Example of an SQL function usage fragment

> SELECT translate('AaBbCc', 'abc', '123')
: Result value

A1B2C3





 trim 

trim(str)
: Removes the leading and trailing space characters from str.

trim(BOTH trimStr FROM str)
: Removes the leading and trailing trimStr characters from str.

trim(LEADING trimStr FROM str)
: Removes the leading trimStr characters from str.

trim(TRAILING trimStr FROM str)
: Removes the trailing trimStr characters from str.
: Arguments



* str - A string expression.
* trimStr - The trim string characters to trim, the default value is a single space.
* BOTH, FROM - Keywords to specify trimming string characters from both ends of the string.
* LEADING, FROM - Keywords to specify trimming string characters from the left end of the string.
* TRAILING, FROM - Keywords to specify trimming string characters from the right end of the string.



: Example of an SQL function usage fragment

> SELECT trim(' SparkSQL ')
: Result value

SparkSQL
: Example of an SQL function usage fragment

> SELECT trim('SL', 'SSparkSQLS')
: Result value

parkSQ
: Example of an SQL function usage fragment

> SELECT trim(BOTH 'SL' FROM 'SSparkSQLS')
: Result value

parkSQ
: Example of an SQL function usage fragment

> SELECT trim(LEADING 'SL' FROM 'SSparkSQLS')
: Result value

parkSQLS
: Example of an SQL function usage fragment

> SELECT trim(TRAILING 'SL' FROM 'SSparkSQLS')
: Result value

SSparkSQ





 trunc 

trunc(date, fmt)
: Returns date with the time portion of the day truncated to the unit specified by the format model fmt.
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $API_BEARER_TOKEN" -X POST "$SERVICE_URL/users/_design/allusers/_view/getVerifiedEmails/queries" -H "Content-Type: application/json" --data '{ "queries": [ { "include_docs": true, "limit": 5 },{ "descending": true, "skip": 1 } ]}'

import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.Cloudant;
import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.model.PostViewQueriesOptions;
import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.model.ViewQueriesResult;
import com.ibm.cloud.cloudant.v1.model.ViewQuery;

import java.util.Arrays;

Cloudant service = Cloudant.newInstance();

ViewQuery query1 = new ViewQuery.Builder()
.includeDocs(true)
.limit(5)
.build();

ViewQuery query2 = new ViewQuery.Builder()
.descending(true)
.skip(1)
.build();

PostViewQueriesOptions queriesOptions =
new PostViewQueriesOptions.Builder()
.db("users")
.ddoc("allusers")
.queries(Arrays.asList(query1, query2))
.view("getVerifiedEmails")
.build();

ViewQueriesResult response =
service.postViewQueries(queriesOptions).execute()
.getResult();

System.out.println(response);

from ibmcloudant.cloudant_v1 import CloudantV1, ViewQuery

service = CloudantV1.new_instance()

query1 = ViewQuery(
include_docs=True,
limit=5
)
query2 = ViewQuery(
descending=True,
skip=1
)
5. Install the PHP

apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-mysql php-common php-cli -y







 Step 3: Verify the installation and configuration 

In this section, you'll verify that Apache, MySQL and PHP are up to date and running on the Ubuntu image. You'll also implement the recommended security settings for MySQL.



1. Verify Ubuntu by opening the Floating IP address in the browser. You should see the Ubuntu welcome page.

Zoom

![Verify Ubuntu](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/f84e2238288b7f0355715a4c355609ce7ac48fb0/solution-tutorials/images/solution56-lamp-stack-on-vpc/VerifyUbuntu.png)

Verify Ubuntu
2. Review the Apache, MySQL and PHP versions installed by using the following commands.

apache2 -v

mysql -V

php -v
3. Open a mysql prompt.

mysql
4. Run the following commands substituting your password for yourPassword.

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'yourPassword';
5. Exit the mysql prompt.

exit
6. Run the following script to secure the MySQL database.

mysql_secure_installation
7. Additionally you can quickly create a PHP info page with the following command.

echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/info.php
8. View the PHP info page you created: open a browser and go to http://{FloatingIPAddress}/info.php. Substitute the floating IP address of your VSI. It will look similar to the following image.



Zoom

!
"query": "(($default:Pacino) AND (year_3anumber:2010))",
"sort": "relevance"
}
Show more

To instruct a query to use a specific index, add the use_index parameter to the query.

The value of the use_index parameter takes one of the following formats:



* "use_index": "$DDOC"
* "use_index": ["$DDOC","$INDEX_NAME"]



See the following example query with instructions to use a specific index:

{
"selector": {
"$text": "Pacino",
"year": 2010
},
"use_index": "_design/32372935e14bed00cc6db4fc9efca0f1537d34a8"
}
create view <viewname> as (<select or extract statement>) union all (<select or extract statement>)...;

create view <viewname> as (<select or extract statement>) minus (<select or extract statement>);





 Description 



* <viewname>

The <viewname> can be a simple identifier or a double-quoted identifier. It cannot contain the period character.
* <select or extract statement>

The select or extract statement creates output that is used to compute the tuples of the containing view.







 Usage notes 



* View names are case-sensitive. For example, Person, PERSON, and person are different view names
* Two views within the same AQL module cannot share a name, which would make them duplicates. However, two views with same name can exist in two different modules, since their fully qualified names are unique.
* By default, a view that is defined by the create view statement is a non-output view until it is specified as an output view.
* The select or extract statements of the union all and the minus forms, must have a compatible output schema. Two schemas are considered compatible for a union or minus operation if they have the same number of columns, the column names are in the same order, and they have compatible data types:



* Fields of the same data type are union or minus compatible.
* The Span and Text data types are union or minus compatible. In the case of a union between a Span and a Text type, the output type is a Span. However, objects of Text type are not automatically converted into a Span type – the automatic conversion happens only when required by function calls.
* Two ScalarLists are union or minus compatible regardless of the underlying scalar type.









 Examples 

Example 1: Creating a view with a select or extract statement

In the example below, the view Phone uses an extract statement to prepare its tuples. The view PhoneNumber uses a select statement to pick specific fields from the view Phone.

create view Phone as extract
regexes /+?([1-9]d{2})d{3}-d{4}/
For more information, see [Default query settings](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/discovery-data?topic=discovery-data-query-defaults).

Discovery does not log query request data. You cannot opt in to request logging.





 Choosing the right query type 

The following table summarizes the capabilities that are supported for each query type. Use it to help you determine which type of query to submit.



Query types comparison
This table has row and column headers. The row headers identify query types. The column headers identify different goals you might have when you submit a query. To understand which query to use to support your goal, go to the row that describes the goal, and find the column that identifies the query type that supports your goal.

 Goal Natural Language Query (NLQ) Discovery Query Language (DQL) 

 Return passages from documents ![checkmark icon](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/f16b1f78a92498247223b337bd9303c2758b9ba8/icons/checkmark-icon.svg) ![checkmark icon](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/f16b1f78a92498247223b337bd9303c2758b9ba8/icons/checkmark-icon.svg) 
 Highlight terms in responses (unless passages per document is enabled) ![checkmark icon](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/f16b1f78a92498247223b337bd9303c2758b9ba8/icons/checkmark-icon.svg) ![checkmark icon](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/f16b1f78a92498247223b337bd9303c2758b9ba8/icons/checkmark-icon.svg)
The mysql command has many options; [see the official documentation](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysqldump.htmlmysqldump-syntax) and [command reference](https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/mysqldump.htmlmysqldump-option-summary) for a fuller view of its capabilities.



 Restoring mysqldump's output 

The resulting output of mysqldump can then be uploaded into a new Databases for MySQL deployment. As the output is SQL, it can simply be sent to the database through the mysql command. We recommend that imports be performed with the admin user.

See the [Connecting with mysql](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/databases-for-mysql?topic=databases-for-mysql-connecting-mysql) documentation for details on connecting as admin by using mysql. To connect with the mysql command, you need the admin user's connection string and the TLS certificate, which can both be found in the UI. The certificate needs to be decoded from the base64 and stored as an arbitrary local file. To import the previously created dump.sql into a database deployment named example-mysql, the mysql command can be called with -f dump.sql as a parameter. The parameter tells mysql to read and run the SQL statements in the file.

As noted in the [Connecting with mysql](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/databases-for-mysql?topic=databases-for-mysql-connecting-mysql) documentation, the Cloud Databases CLI plug-in simplifies connecting. The previous mysql import can be run using a command like:
* [booleanExpression](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referencebooleanExpression)
* [COSURI](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referenceCOSURI)
* [expression](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referenceexpression)
* [fullselect](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referencefullselect)
* [identifier](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referenceidentifier)
* [joinType](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referencejoinType)
* [sample](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referencesample)
* [valuesClause](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referencevaluesClause)







 Related references - Clauses in a relation clause 

A relation is referenced by the following clause:



* [simpleselect](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-sql-referencesimpleselect)







 Values clause 

A values clause is a component of a fullselect or represents a primary relation. Its syntax is defined by the following syntax diagram.





 valuesClause 

With a values clause, you can define a result set by specifying actual values for each column of a row by using expressions.

Each expression in the list of expressions represents a row of the result set that is defined.

In a single-column result set, each expression represents the value of this column in a row.
* [IBM Cloud Data Engine introduction](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-videovideo_samples_notebooks_api).
* [How to connect to IBM Cloud Object Storage through the Command Line](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-videovideo_command_line).
* [How to use the Data Engine REST API](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-videovideo_rest_api).
* [How to operationalize SQL code and call it from an application](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/sql-query?topic=sql-query-videovideo_samples_notebooks_api).
SELECT * FROM FLIGHT_BAK FOR SYSTEM_TIME AS OF '2022-11-01 11:30:00';
DROP TABLE FLIGHT_BAK; -- or, keep it for diagnostics
COMMIT;

In this example, you suspected that incorrect bulk changes were made to the PRODUCT table, and you wanted to revert them.





 Restoring updated rows 

UPDATE <table> SET <col> = <expression> [, <col> = <expression>...]
FROM (SELECT <col> [, <col> ...] FROM <fromlist> WHERE <condition> FOR SYSTEM_TIME <temporal_clause>) AS <alias>;

Example:

UPDATE PRODUCT SET PRICE=P.PRICE
FROM (SELECT PRICE FROM PRODUCT WHERE PRODUCTID=’1002’ FOR SYSTEM_TIME BEFORE ‘2022-11-01 09:22:41’) AS P;

In this example, a product’s price was incorrectly updated and needed to be restored.

See also [Time travel query syntax and timestamps](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/netezza?topic=netezza-runningqueries_tt).





 Restoring deleted rows 

INSERT INTO <table>
SELECT * FROM <table>
WHERE <condition> FOR SYSTEM_TIME <temporal_clause>;

Example:

INSERT INTO PRODUCT
SELECT * FROM PRODUCT
WHERE PRODUCTID=’1004’ FOR SYSTEM_TIME BEFORE ‘2022-11-01 12:45:07’;

In this example, a product was incorrectly deleted and needed to be restored.

[Time travel query syntax and timestamps](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/netezza?topic=netezza-runningqueries_tt).
"connection.user": "user1",
"connection.password": "secret",
"dialect.name": "GenericDatabaseDialect",
"topics": "TEST_TABLE",
"insert.mode": "insert",
"name": "test-sink"
},
"tasks": [],
"type": "sink"
}
Show more



6. Verify whether the registration was successful.

a) List the connectors.

curl -s http://localhost:8083/connectors/ | jq
[
"test-source-jdbc",
"test-sink"
]

b) Check the status of the connectors.

curl -s http://localhost:8083/connectors/test-source-jdbc/status | jq
{
  "name": "test-source-jdbc",
  "connector": {
    "state": "RUNNING",
    "worker_id": "10.11.112.15:8083"
},
  "tasks": [
    {
      "id": 0,
     "state": "RUNNING",
     "worker_id": "10.11.112.15:8083"
    }
  ],
  "type": "source"
}
Show more



You can verify whether the connectors work correctly by checking the Netezza Performance Server logs.



* For the source connector:

2022-06-29 04:13:09.057046 PDT [27743]  DEBUG:  QUERY: SELECT 1
2022-06-29 04:13:09.061443 PDT [27743]  DEBUG:  QUERY: SELECT * FROM "DB1"."USER1"."TEST_TABLE"
ANALYZE
2022-06-29 04:13:09.064209 PDT [27743]  DEBUG:  QUERY: SELECT * FROM "DB1"."USER1"."
Select Everything or a view.







 Step 2. Select the set of events to display through a view by applying a search query 

To search for specific events, you can apply a search query.



* You can do simple searches (single term string search), compound search (multiple search terms and operators), field searches if the log line can be parsed, and others.
* AND and OR operators are case-sensitive and must be capitalized.
* Use FieldName:==FieldValue to search for a specific field value.
* Use FieldName:Value to search for field values that start with that value.



You can only search events for the number of days that is specified through the instance's service plan.

Complete the following steps:



1. Enter a search query.
2. Press Enter.



As you apply a query, notice that the name of the view changes to Unsaved View.



 Query for events that are generated by a service 

To filter out events for a specific service, you need to enter the following query:

_platform:==SERVICENAME

Where SERVICENAME is the name of the service in the IBM Cloud.

The following table lists core services:



Table 2. Query by service name

 Events that are generated by Value Sample query 

 [IAM Access Management service](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/services/activity-tracker?topic=activity-tracker-at_events_iamat_events_iam_policies) iam-am _platform:==iam-am 
 [IAM Identity service](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/services/activity-tracker?topic=activity-tracker-at_events_iamat_events_iam_login) iam-identity _platform:==iam-identity 
 [IAM Access Groups service](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs/services/activity-tracker?topic=activity-tracker-at_events_iamat_events_iam_access) iam-groups _platform:==iam-groups
[label](https://cloud.ibm.com/docs-content/v1/content/ca9232b3702768f24bb897f48f10778fcda28718/watson-assistant/images/dynamic-options-complex-example.png)

Remember that you can use expression methods to manipulate values from the source variable in various ways. For example, you might have an action customers use to select a credit card for payment, but for security reasons you don't want to show the entire card number. You could write an expression that uses the substring() method to include only the last four digits of each card number (for example, "Card ending in " + ${item}.card_number.substring(16, 20)).





 Referencing the selected item 

After the customer has selected one of the dynamically generated options, you will probably need to reference the selected item in a subsequent step.

If you reference the action variable representing the customer response, the default is to use the value of the selected option. However, in some situations, you might not want to use the same value that was used to display the option to the customer. Instead, you might need to use a unique identifier or other property that unambiguously identifies the selected option.

For example, if the customer selects a pet to show more information about, you probably need to use a unique identifier (the id property in our example) to query the database, since the pet's name, age, and breed might not be unique. Or if the customer is selecting a credit card from options that show only the last four digits, you will need to use the full credit card number to access the account details or complete a transaction.

In this situation, you can write an expression to access the original properties of the selected item:



1. Create or edit a step that comes after the step in which the customer selects from the dynamic options.
2. In the Variable values section, write an expression to assign a value to a session variable.
The following table show examples of queries for different actions:



Table 4. Samples of queries by action type

 Action Sample query 

 Provision a service action instance.create 
 Remove an instance action instance.delete 
 Add a user action user-management.user.create 







 Query for events with a specific reason code 

You can enter the following query to search for events with a specific reason code:

reason.reasonCode:VALUE

Where VALUE represents the reason code value.

For example, to filter events with reason code 500, you can enter the following query:

reason.reasonCode:500





 Query for events whose action fails 

When an action requested fails, the field outcome is set to failure. You can enter the following query to search for these type of events:

outcome:failure





 Query by event criticallity 

Each event has a severity field that defines the level of threat an action may have on the Cloud.

Valid values are normal, warning, and critical.



* Normal is set for routine actions in the Cloud. For example, starting an instance, or refreshing a token.
* Warning is set for actions where a Cloud resource is updated or its metadata is modified. For example, updating the version of a worker node, renaming a certificate, or renaming a service instance.
* Critical is set for actions that affect security in the Cloud. For example, changing credentials of a user, deleting data, unauthorized access to work with a Cloud resource.



You can enter the following query to search for these type of events:

severity:VALUE

Where VALUE can be set to normal, warning, or critical

For example, to query for critical events, you can run the following query:

severity:critical







 Step 3. Create a custom view 

After you apply the search query to the Everything view or to an existing custom view, complete the following steps to save the outcome as a custom view:



1. In the web UI, click Unsaved View.
2. Select Save as new view / alert. The Create new view page opens.
3. Enter a name for the view in the Name field.
4. Optionally, add a category.