vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Jewish wedding
Yichud ( Hebrew for `` togetherness '' or `` seclusion '' ) refers to the Ashkenazi practice of leaving the bride and groom alone for 10 -- 20 minutes after the wedding ceremony . The couple retreats to a private room . Yichud can take place anywhere , from a rabbi 's study to a synagogue classroom . The reason for yichud is that according to several authorities , standing under the canopy alone does not constitute chuppah , and seclusion is necessary to complete the wedding ceremony . However , Sephardic Jews do not have this custom , as they consider it a davar mechoar , a `` repugnant thing '' , compromising the couple 's modesty .
Jewish wedding
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Toast (honor)
A toast is a ritual in which a drink is taken as an expression of honor or goodwill . The term may be applied to the person or thing so honored , the drink taken , or the verbal expression accompanying the drink . Thus , a person could be `` the toast of the evening , '' for whom someone `` proposes a toast '' to congratulate and for whom a third person `` toasts '' in agreement . The ritual forms the basis of the literary and performance genre , of which Mark Twain 's `` To the Babies '' is a well - known example .
Toast (honor)
According to various apocryphal stories , the custom of touching glasses evolved from concerns about poisoning . By one account , clinking glasses together would cause each drink to spill over into the others ' ( though there is no real evidence for such an origin ) . According to other stories , the word toast became associated with the custom in the 17th century , based on a custom of flavoring drinks with spiced toast . The word originally referred to the lady in whose honor the drink was proposed , her name being seen as figuratively flavoring the drink . The International Handbook on Alcohol and Culture says toasting `` is probably a secular vestige of ancient sacrificial libations in which a sacred liquid was offered to the gods : blood or wine in exchange for a wish , a prayer summarized in the words ' long life ! ' or ' to your health ! ' ''
Toast (honor)
In Germany , toasting , not necessarily by words but usually just by touching each other 's drinking vessels , is usually a very closely observed part of drinking culture . In private company , no one should drink a sip of alcohol before having toasted all the other people at the table . In doing this , it is very important to look directly into the other drinker 's eyes . Not practising this is considered rude and often , humorously , believed to attract all kinds of bad luck ( e.g. `` seven years of bad luck '' and the like ) .
Alcohol in the Bible
The banquet hall was called a `` house of wine , '' and wine was used as the usual drink at most secular and religious feasts , including feasts of celebration and hospitality , tithe celebrations , Jewish holidays such as Passover , and at burials . Jesus instituted the Eucharist at the Last Supper , which took place at a Passover celebration , and set apart the bread and `` fruit of the vine '' that were present there as symbols of the New Covenant . Saint Paul later chides the Corinthians for becoming drunk on wine served at their celebrations of the Lord 's Supper .
Toast (honor)
The toast as described here is rooted in Western culture , but certain cultures outside that sphere have their own traditions in which consuming a drink is connected with ideas of celebration and honor . While the physical and verbal ritual of the toast may be elaborate and formal , merely raising one 's glass towards someone or something and then drinking is essentially a toast as well , the message being one of goodwill towards the person or thing indicated .
Plate smashing
The custom probably derives from an ancient practice of ritually `` killing '' plates on mourning occasions , as a means of dealing with loss . Breaking plates may also be related to the ancient practise of conspicuous consumption , a display of one 's wealth , as plates or glasses are thrown into a fireplace following a banquet instead of being washed and reused .
Alcohol in the Bible
Drinking a cup of strong wine to the dregs and getting drunk are sometimes presented as a symbol of God 's judgement and wrath , and Jesus alludes this cup of wrath , which he several times says he himself will drink . Similarly , the winepress is pictured as a tool of judgement where the resulting wine symbolizes the blood of the wicked who were crushed . Connected also to the cup of judgement is the wine of immorality , which the evil drink and which both brings and is part of the wrath of God . Detail
Alcohol in the Bible
Greek Transliteration Strong 's no . Instances in NT Biblical appearances Meaning Hebrew equivalent ( s ) οίνος oinos 3631 33 NT and Septuagint the common word translated `` wine '' in the New Testament and Septuagint . ( corresponding to masoretic yayin , tirosh , chemer , shekar , sobhe , shemarim , and ' asis ) οἶνον νέον oinos neos 3631 , 3501 8 NT and Septuagint new wine - it was put into new wine - skins and both were preserved . ' asis γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου genematos tes ampelou 1081 3588 288 NT and Septuagint `` fruit of the vine '' - the only New Testament term to describe the contents of the cup at the Last Supper . pri ha'gafen γλευκος gleukos 1098 NT and Septuagint `` sweet wine '' ( sometimes rendered `` new wine '' ) , a beverage mentioned to be intoxicating in Acts 2 : 13 . yayin , mathaq , mamtaq ( for `` fresh '' water , sweet ) . όξος oxos 3690 7 NT and Septuagint vinegar , sour wine ; could be made from grape wine or other fermented beverages ; when mixed with water , it was a common , cheap drink of the poor and of the Roman army chomets σίκερα sikera 4608 NT and Septuagint a Hebrew loanword from shekar meaning `` strong drink . '' shekar μέθυσμα methusma - - Septuagint only an intoxicating drink ( corresponding to masoretic tirosh on a single occasion , and to shekar on all others ) οἰνοπότης oinopotes 3630 NT and Septuagint `` a wine drinker '' ( oinos , and potes , `` a drinker '' ) , is used in Matt 11 : 19 ; Luke 7 : 34 . In the Sept. , Prov 23 : 20 . sawbaw yayin
Toast (honor)
Toasts may be solemn , sentimental , humorous , even bawdy or insulting . The practice of announcing one 's intention to make a toast and signalling for quiet by rapping on the wineglass , while common , is nonetheless regarded by some authorities as rude . Except in very small and informal gatherings , a toast is offered standing . At a gathering , none should offer a toast to the guest of honor until the host has had the opportunity to do so . In English - speaking countries , guests may signal their approval of the toast by saying `` hear hear . '' The person honored should neither stand nor drink , but after the toast should rise to thank the one who has offered the toast , perhaps but not necessarily offering a toast in turn . As toasts may occur in long series , experienced attendees often make sure to leave enough wine in the glass to allow participation in numerous toasts .
Alcohol in the Bible
Hebrew Transliteration Strong 's no . Instances in OT Biblical appearances Meaning Greek equivalent ( s ) יין yayin 3196 140 the common word translated `` wine '' gleukos ( see below ) , oinos ( see below ) . תירוש tirosh 8492 38 properly `` must '' ; sometimes rendered as `` wine , '' `` new wine , '' or `` sweet wine . '' It can represent juice at any stage in the fermentation process , and in some places it `` represents rather wine made from the first drippings of the juice before the winepress was trodden . As such it would be particularly potent . '' methusma ( see below ) , oinos ( all other references ; see below ) שכר shekar 7941 23 `` strong drink '' ; `` denotes any inebriating drink with about 7 -- 10 percent alcoholic content , not hard liquor , because there is no evidence of distilled liquor in ancient times ... It was made from either fruit and / or barley beer '' ; the term can include wine , but generally it is used in combination with it ( `` wine and strong drink '' ) to encompass all varieties of intoxicants methê ( `` strong drink , drunkenness '' ) , methusma ( see below ) , oinos ( see below ) , sikera ( see below ) חמר chemer , corresponding to the Aramaic chamar 2561 , 2562 7 `` wine '' ; the word `` conveys the idea of ' foaming , ' as in the process of fermentation , or when poured out .
Wedding cake
The wedding cake is surrounded by superstitions . In a traditional American wedding , maidens would be invited to pull ribbons that are attached to the bottom layer of the wedding cake . Out of all the ribbons , only one contains a charm or a ring , and whoever gets the charm will be the next person to marry . In other countries , the wedding cake is broken over the bride 's head to ensure fertility and bring good fortune to the couple . Also , some people today think that eating the crumbs of the wedding cake would give them good luck because the wedding cake symbolizes happiness and good life to the newlywed couple .
Bar and Bat Mitzvah
Bar Mitzvah ( Hebrew : בַּר מִצְוָה ‬ ) is a Jewish coming of age ritual for boys . Bat Mitzvah ( Hebrew : בַּת מִצְוָה ‬ ; Ashkenazi pronunciation : Bas Mitzvah ) is a Jewish coming of age ritual for girls . The plural is B'nai Mitzvah for boys , and B'not Mitzvah ( Ashkenazi pronunciation : B'nos Mitzvah ) for girls .
Glass (surname)
Jump up ^ Muraskin , Bennett ( 2014 - 01 - 08 ) . `` ( CORRECTED ) Jewish Surnames Explained '' . Slate . ISSN 1091 - 2339 . Retrieved 2017 - 04 - 25 . Jump up ^ `` Glass Surname , Family Crest & Coats of Arms '' . HouseOfNames . Retrieved 2017 - 04 - 25 . Retrieved
Toast (honor)
Toasting traditionally involves alcoholic beverages . Champagne ( or at least some variety of sparkling wine ) is regarded as especially festive and is widely associated with New Year 's Eve and other celebrations . Many people nowadays substitute sparkling fruit juice ( often packaged in champagne - style bottles ) , and many authorities consider it perfectly acceptable to participate in a toast while drinking water . Toasting with an empty glass may be viewed by some as acceptable behavior for the non-drinker , though feigning to drink from such a glass would likely be seen as ridiculous . The person giving the toast should never do so with an empty glass , even if the glass contains nothing more than water .
Toast (honor)
It is a superstition in the United States Navy that a toast is never to be made with water , since the person so honored will be doomed to a watery grave . During a United States Air Force Dining In , all toasts are traditionally made with wine except for the final toast of the night made in honor of POWs / MIAs ; because these honorees did not have the luxury of wine while in captivity , the toast is made with water . Some versions of the protocol prescribe a toast in water for all deceased comrades .
Bar and Bat Mitzvah
Bar and bat mitzvah parties in America are often lavish affairs held at hotels and country clubs with hundreds of guests . The trend has been mocked , most notably in the movie Keeping Up with the Steins . In the 1950s , Rabbi Harold Saperstein of New York described them as too often being `` more bar than mitzvah '' . Rabbi Shmuley Boteach says that over-the - top bar mitzvah parties were already common when he was growing up in Miami in the 1970s .
Alcohol in the Bible
The commonness and centrality of wine in daily life in biblical times is apparent from its many positive and negative metaphorical uses throughout the Bible . Positively , free wine is used as a symbol of divine grace , and wine is repeatedly compared to intimate love in the Song of Solomon . Negatively , wine is personified as a mocker ( `` ( t ) he most hardened apostate '' in the Book of Proverbs whose chief sin is pride ) and beer a brawler ( one who is `` mocking , noisy , and restless '' ) . Meeting
The Deer Hunter
Later , Steven and Angela drink from conjoined goblets , a traditional part of the Orthodox wedding ceremony . It is believed that if they drink without spilling any wine , they will have good luck for life . Two drops of blood - red wine unknowingly spill on her wedding gown . After Linda catches the bride 's bouquet , Nick asks her to marry him , and she agrees . Later that night , a drunken Mike runs through the town , stripping himself naked along the way . After Nick chases him down , he begs Mike not to leave him `` over there '' if anything happens in combat . The next day , Mike , Nick , Stan , John , and Axel go deer hunting one last time . Mike is exasperated by his friends , especially Stan , who drinks and clowns , showing little respect for the ritual of hunting , which to Mike is a nearly sacred experience . Only Nick understands Mike 's attitude , but he is more indulgent toward his friends . Mike goes hunting afterwards and kills a deer with one clean shot .
Call Me by Your Name (film)
During Hanukkah , Elio receives a phone call from Oliver , who tells Elio and his family that he is engaged to be married . Oliver tells Elio that he remembers everything as they call each other by their names a final time . After the phone call , a pained Elio sits by the fireplace . A parade of emotions crosses his face as his parents and the house staff prepare a holiday dinner .
Bar and Bat Mitzvah
Bar mitzvah festivities typically include a joyous seudat mitzvah , a celebratory meal with family , friends , and members of the community , the Bar Mitzvah boy delivering on this occasion a learned discourse or oration at the table before the invited guests , who offer him presents , while the rabbi or teacher gives him his blessing , accompanying it at times with an address . Others may celebrate in different ways such as taking the bar or bat mitzvah on a special trip or organizing some special event in the celebrant 's honor . In many communities , the celebrant is given a certificate . According to the Orthodox view , the bar mitzvah boy is so happy to be commanded to do mitzvoth and earn reward in the next world for his efforts , that he throws a party and has a festive meal .
Alcohol in the Bible
The Hebrew scriptures prescribed wine for use in festal celebrations and sacrificial rituals . In particular , fermented wine was presented daily as a drink offering , as part of the first Fruits offering , and as part of various supplementary offerings . Wine was kept in the Temple in Jerusalem , and the king had his own private stores . The
Bar and Bat Mitzvah
Bar mitzvah is mentioned in the Mishnah ( Ethics of the Fathers , 5 : 21 ) and in the Talmud . In some classic sources the age of 13 appears for instance as the age from which males must fast on the Day of Atonement , while females fast from the age of 12 . The age of b'nai mitzvah roughly coincides with physical puberty . The bar or bat mitzvah ceremony is usually held on the first Shabbat after a boy 's thirteenth and a girl 's twelfth birthday ( or thirteenth in Reform congregations ) .
Toast (honor)
Teetotalers may view the drinking of toasts to be abominable and incompatible with their stand , as witnessed by this narrative from The Teetotaler ( 1840 ) :
Alcohol in the Bible
The consequences of the drunkenness of Noah and Lot `` were intended to serve as examples of the dangers and repulsiveness of intemperance . '' The title character in the Book of Judith uses the drunkenness of the Assyrian general Holofernes to behead him in a heroic victory for the Jewish people and an embarrassing defeat for the general , who had schemed to seduce Judith .
Jewish wedding
In Yemen , the Jewish practice was not for the groom and his bride to be secluded in a canopy ( chuppah ) , as is widely practiced today in Jewish weddings , but rather in a bridal chamber that was , in effect , a highly decorated room in the house of the groom . This room was traditionally decorated with large hanging sheets of colored , patterned cloth , replete with wall cushions and short - length mattresses for reclining . Their marriage is consummated when they have been left together alone in this room . This ancient practice finds expression in the writings of Isaac ben Abba Mari ( c. 1122 -- c. 1193 ) , author of Sefer ha - ' Ittur , concerning the Benediction of the Bridegroom : `` Now the chuppah is when her father delivers her onto her husband , bringing her into that house wherein is some new innovation , such as the sheets ... surrounding the walls , etc . For we recite in the Jerusalem Talmud , Sotah 46a ( Sotah 9 : 15 ) , ' Those bridal chambers , ( chuppoth hathanim ) , they hang within them patterned sheets and gold - embroidered ribbons , ' etc . ''
High Holy Days
Rosh Hashanah ( ראש השנה rōsh hashānāh , beginning of the year ) is the Jewish New Year , and falls on the first and second days of the Jewish month of Tishri ( September / October ) . The Mishnah , the core work of the Jewish Oral Torah , sets this day aside as the new year for calculating calendar years and Sabbatical and jubilee years .
Bar and Bat Mitzvah
According to the archivist at the Great Synagogue in Rome , the custom of a young woman being called up in synagogue before the entire community dates back to the early years of the Roman Jewish community approximately 2,300 years ago . The community recognized her as `` being of age '' and acknowledged her in a public fashion . This would support more modern documents that record an Orthodox Jewish Italian rite for becoming bat mitzvah ( which involved an `` entrance into the minyan '' ceremony , in which boys of thirteen and girls of twelve recited a blessing ) since the mid-19th century . There were also bat mitzvah rituals held in the 19th century in Iraq . All this may have influenced the American rabbi Mordecai M. Kaplan , who held the first public celebration of a bat mitzvah in the United States , for his daughter Judith , on March 18 , 1922 , at the Society for the Advancement of Judaism , his synagogue in New York City . Judith Kaplan recited the preliminary blessing , read a portion of that week 's Torah portion in Hebrew and English , and then intoned the closing blessing . Kaplan , who at that time claimed to be an Orthodox rabbi , joined Conservative Judaism and then became the founder of Reconstructionist Judaism , influenced Jews from all branches of non-Orthodox Judaism , through his position at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America . At the time , most Orthodox rabbis strongly rejected the idea of a bat mitzvah ceremony .
Alcohol in the Bible
Alcoholic beverages appear in the Hebrew Bible , after Noah planted a vineyard and became inebriated . In the New Testament , Jesus miraculously made copious amounts of wine at the marriage at Cana . Wine is the most common alcoholic beverage mentioned in biblical literature , where it is a source of symbolism , and was an important part of daily life in biblical times . Additionally , the inhabitants of ancient Israel drank beer , and wines made from fruits other than grapes , and references to these appear in scripture .
Alcohol in the Bible
Wine was also used as a symbol of blessing and judgement throughout the Bible . Melchizedek blessed and refreshed Abraham 's army with bread and wine ; Isaac blessed Jacob by saying , `` May God give you of heaven 's dew and of earth 's richness -- an abundance of grain and new wine '' ; and when Jacob blessed his sons , he used a great abundance of wine as a symbol of Judah 's prosperity . The nation of Israel was promised abundant wine and other central crops such as grain and oil if they kept God 's covenant commandments , and their wine would be taken away as a curse if the Israelites failed to keep the covenant .
Alcohol in the Bible
Certain persons were forbidden in the Hebrew Bible to partake of wine because of their vows and duties . Kings were forbidden to abuse alcohol lest their judgments be unjust . It was forbidden to priests on duty , though the priests were given `` the finest new wine '' from the first fruits offerings for drinking outside the tabernacle and temple .
Unity candle
When the ceremony is alternatively performed to symbolize simply the joining together of the bride and groom , the tapers may be blown out , to indicate that the two lives have been permanently merged , or they may leave them lit beside the central candle , symbolizing that the now - married partners have not lost their individuality .
Bar and Bat Mitzvah
The first mention of a party associated with a synagogue bar mitzvah was in the 13th century , so throwing some sort of party is traditional and frequently seen as necessary .
Bar and Bat Mitzvah
In 1979 , the Responsa Committee of the Central Conference of American Rabbis addressed the Reform attitude toward bar / bat mitzvah : `` Every effort should be exerted to maintain the family festivities in the religious mood at the bar / bat mitzvah . Some of the efforts of early Reform in favor of confirmation against bar mitzvah were prompted by the extravagant celebration of bar mitzvah , which had removed its primary religious significance . We vigorously oppose such excesses , as they destroy the meaning of bar / bat mitzvah . ''
Alcohol in the Bible
Ben Sira discusses the use of wine in several places , emphasizing joy , prudence , and common sense .
Bar and Bat Mitzvah
Reaching the age of bar or bat Mitzvah signifies becoming a full - fledged member of the Jewish community with the responsibilities that come with it . These include moral responsibility for one 's own actions ; eligibility to be called to read from the Torah and lead or participate in a minyan ; the right to possess personal property and to be legally married according to Jewish law ; the duty to follow the 613 laws of the Torah and keep the halakha ; and the capacity to testify as a witness in a Beth Din ( Rabbinical court ) case .
Alcohol in the Bible
Biblical literature displays an ambivalence toward intoxicating drinks , considering them both a blessing from God that brings joy and merriment and potentially dangerous beverages that can be sinfully abused . The relationships between Judaism and alcohol and Christianity and alcohol have generally maintained this same tension , though some modern Christian sects , particularly American Protestant groups around the time of Prohibition , have rejected alcohol as evil . The original versions of the books of the Bible use several different words for alcoholic beverages : at least 10 in Hebrew , and five in Greek . Drunkenness is discouraged and not infrequently portrayed , and some biblical persons abstained from alcohol . Alcohol is used symbolically , in both positive and negative terms . Its consumption is prescribed for religious rites or medicinal uses in some places .
Coffee
For a time , there had been controversy in the Jewish community over whether the coffee seed was a legume and therefore prohibited for Passover . Upon petition from coffeemaker Maxwell House , the coffee seed was classified in 1923 as a berry rather than a seed by orthodox Jewish rabbi Hersch Kohn , and therefore kosher for Passover .
Shofar
At the inception of the Diaspora , during the short - lived ban on playing musical instruments , the shofar was enhanced in its use , as a sign of mourning for the destruction of the temple . The declaration of the ban 's source was in fact set to music itself as the lamentation ' Al Naharoth Bavel ' within a few centuries of the ban . ( It is noted that a full orchestra played in the temple , the ban was so that this would not be taken for granted , hence the wording of the ban ' if I forget thee O Jerusalem , over my chiefest joy etc . ' . ) The shofar continues to announce the Jewish Year , and the sighting of the new moon , to introduce Shabbat , to carry out the commandment to sound it on Rosh Hashanah , and to mark the end of the day of fasting on Yom Kippur , once the services have been completed in the evening . Secular uses have been discarded ( see a notable exception in a section further down ) .