vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Renaissance
In 1489 , Bartolomeo della Fonte of Florence wrote that Lorenzo de ' Medici founded his own Greek - Latin library encouraged by the example of the Hungarian king . Corvinus 's library is part of UNESCO World Heritage . Other important figures of Hungarian Renaissance include Bálint Balassi ( poet ) , Sebestyén Tinódi Lantos ( poet ) , Bálint Bakfark ( composer and lutenist ) , and Master MS ( fresco painter ) .
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Cypress Hill The Lemonheads Frank Black Pavement Hole Gang Starr Transglobal Underground The Verve The Flaming Lips Collapsed Lung Primal Scream Ice Cube Manic Street Preachers Radiohead Pulp Terrorvision Senseless Things Fun - Da - Mental Kitchens of Distinction Rev. Horton Heat Luscious Jackson Red Hot Chili Peppers Therapy ? Rollins Band Senser The Afghan Whigs The Wildhearts Helmet The Jesus Lizard Stabbing Westward Cop Shoot Cop
Modern history
Sigmund Freud is renowned for his redefinition of sexual desire as the primary motivational energy of human life , as well as his therapeutic techniques , including the use of free association , his theory of transference in the therapeutic relationship , and the interpretation of dreams as sources of insight into unconscious desires .
The Spectator (1711)
The Spectator was a daily publication founded by Joseph Addison and Richard Steele in England , lasting from 1711 to 1712 . Each `` paper '' , or `` number '' , was approximately 2,500 words long , and the original run consisted of 555 numbers , beginning on 1 March 1711 . These were collected into seven volumes . The paper was revived without the involvement of Steele in 1714 , appearing thrice weekly for six months , and these papers when collected formed the eighth volume . Eustace Budgell , a cousin of Addison 's , and the poet John Hughes also contributed to the publication .
Jenny Lind
Lind is commemorated in Poets ' Corner , Westminster Abbey , London under the name `` Jenny Lind - Goldschmidt '' . Among those present at the memorial 's unveiling ceremony on 20 April 1894 were Goldschmidt , members of the Royal Family , Sullivan , Sir George Grove and representatives of some of the charities supported by Lind . There is also a plaque commemorating Lind in The Boltons , Kensington , London and a blue plaque at 189 Old Brompton Road , London , SW7 , which was erected in 1909 .
Philosophical skepticism
According to Richard P. Hayes , the Buddhist philosopher Dignaga is also a kind of skeptic , which is in line with most early Buddhist philosophy . Hayes writes :
Waiting for Godot
Martin Esslin , in his The Theatre of the Absurd ( 1960 ) , argued that Waiting for Godot was part of a broader literary movement that he called the Theatre of the Absurd , a form of theatre which stemmed from the absurdist philosophy of Albert Camus . Absurdism itself is a branch of the traditional assertions of existentialism , pioneered by Søren Kierkegaard , and posits that , while inherent meaning might very well exist in the universe , human beings are incapable of finding it due to some form of mental or philosophical limitation . Thus humanity is doomed to be faced with the Absurd , or the absolute absurdity of the existence in lack of intrinsic purpose . This interpretation has since been viewed by many scholars as narrow and limiting . Ethical
Samurai
Tadanori was famous for his skill with the pen and the sword or the `` bun and the bu '' , the harmony of fighting and learning . Samurai were expected to be cultured and literate , and admired the ancient saying `` bunbu - ryōdō '' ( 文武 両道 , lit. , literary arts , military arts , both ways ) or `` The pen and the sword in accord '' . By the time of the Edo period , Japan had a higher literacy comparable to that in central Europe .
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
The poem may also have been inspired by the legends of the Wandering Jew , who was forced to wander the earth until Judgement Day for a terrible crime , found in Charles Maturin 's Melmoth the Wanderer , M.G. Lewis ' The Monk ( a novel Coleridge reviewed ) and the Flying Dutchman .
Friedrich Engels
Engels continued his involvement with radical journalism and politics . He frequented areas popular among members of the English labour and Chartist movements , whom he met . He also wrote for several journals , including The Northern Star , Robert Owen 's New Moral World , and the Democratic Review newspaper .
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Iggy Pop The Ramones Fields of the Nephilim The Godfathers Ghost Dance The Wonder Stuff The Lover Speaks The Seers Starship Meat Loaf Uriah Heep Bonnie Tyler Gene Loves Jezebel Quireboys Runrig Bonfire The Name Squeeze The Smithereens John Hiatt Hothouse Flowers Deacon Blue Broken English Ranking Roger Roachford The Lucy Show John Otway
Hellenistic period
Hellenistic poets now sought patronage from kings , and wrote works in their honor . The scholars at the libraries in Alexandria and Pergamon focused on the collection , cataloging , and literary criticism of classical Athenian works and ancient Greek myths . The poet - critic Callimachus , a staunch elitist , wrote hymns equating Ptolemy II to Zeus and Apollo . He promoted short poetic forms such as the epigram , epyllion and the iambic and attacked epic as base and common ( `` big book , big evil '' was his doctrine ) . He also wrote a massive catalog of the holdings of the library of Alexandria , the famous Pinakes . Callimachus was extremely influential in his time and also for the development of Augustan poetry . Another poet , Apollonius of Rhodes , attempted to revive the epic for the Hellenistic world with his Argonautica . He had been a student of Callimachus and later became chief librarian ( prostates ) of the library of Alexandria . Apollonius and Callimachus spent much of their careers feuding with each other . Pastoral poetry also thrived during the Hellenistic era , Theocritus was a major poet who popularized the genre .
Romeo and Juliet
Christopher Marlowe 's Hero and Leander and Dido , Queen of Carthage , both similar stories written in Shakespeare 's day , are thought to be less of a direct influence , although they may have helped create an atmosphere in which tragic love stories could thrive .
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday Unkle Simian Mobile Disco Nero ( DJ set ) Sub Focus SBTRKT ( DJ set ) Devlin Crystal Fighters Mount Kimbie Does It Offend You , Yeah ? Cold Cave D / R / U / G / S The Mighty Mighty Bosstones The King Blues The Bronx Capdown Leftover Crack Comeback Kid Boysetsfire Street Dogs Letlive Teenage Bottlerocket Title Fight Sharks Descendents Flogging Molly Frank Turner Face to Face Hot Water Music Bedouin Soundclash Off ! The Black Pacific The Menzingers Your Demise Spycatcher Fighting Fiction
Saudi Arabia
Censorship has limited the development of Saudi literature , although several Saudi novelists and poets have achieved critical and popular acclaim in the Arab world -- albeit generating official hostility in their home country . These include Ghazi Algosaibi , Abdelrahman Munif , Turki al - Hamad and Rajaa al - Sanea .
Haiku
In English , since kireji have no direct equivalent , poets sometimes use punctuation such as a dash or ellipsis , or an implied break to create a juxtaposition intended to prompt the reader to reflect on the relationship between the two parts .
Romanticism
History writing was very strongly , and many would say harmfully , influenced by Romanticism . In England Thomas Carlyle was a highly influential essayist who turned historian ; he both invented and exemplified the phrase `` hero - worship '' , lavishing largely uncritical praise on strong leaders such as Oliver Cromwell , Frederick the Great and Napoleon . Romantic nationalism had a largely negative effect on the writing of history in the 19th century , as each nation tended to produce its own version of history , and the critical attitude , even cynicism , of earlier historians was often replaced by a tendency to create romantic stories with clearly distinguished heroes and villains . Nationalist ideology of the period placed great emphasis on racial coherence , and the antiquity of peoples , and tended to vastly over-emphasize the continuity between past periods and the present , leading to national mysticism . Much historical effort in the 20th century was devoted to combating the romantic historical myths created in the 19th century .
Zimbabwe
Shona sculpture in has survived through the ages and the modern style is a fusion of African folklore with European influences . World - renowned Zimbabwean sculptors include Nicholas , Nesbert and Anderson Mukomberanwa , Tapfuma Gutsa , Henry Munyaradzi and Locardia Ndandarika . Internationally , Zimbabwean sculptors have managed to influence a new generation of artists , particularly Black Americans , through lengthy apprenticeships with master sculptors in Zimbabwe . Contemporary artists like New York sculptor M. Scott Johnson and California sculptor Russel Albans have learned to fuse both African and Afro - diasporic aesthetics in a way that travels beyond the simplistic mimicry of African Art by some Black artists of past generations in the United States .
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
According to William Wordsworth , the poem was inspired while Coleridge , Wordsworth , and Wordsworth 's sister Dorothy were on a walking tour through the Quantock Hills in Somerset . The discussion had turned to a book that Wordsworth was reading , A Voyage Round The World by Way of the Great South Sea ( 1726 ) by Captain George Shelvocke . In the book , a melancholy sailor , Simon Hatley , shoots a black albatross :
Nun River
The Nun River is immortalised in the poetry of Gabriel Okara . His poem `` The Call of the River Nun '' is a nostalgic ode to the river that passes through his home .
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Denis Leary Frank Sidebottom Richard Herring etc . Gerry Sadowitz etc . Sean Hughes Tommy Cockles Jo Brand etc .
Waiting for Godot
I do n't know who Godot is . I do n't even know ( above all do n't know ) if he exists . And I do n't know if they believe in him or not -- those two who are waiting for him . The other two who pass by towards the end of each of the two acts , that must be to break up the monotony . All I knew I showed . It 's not much , but it 's enough for me , by a wide margin . I 'll even say that I would have been satisfied with less . As for wanting to find in all that a broader , loftier meaning to carry away from the performance , along with the program and the Eskimo pie , I can not see the point of it . But it must be possible ... Estragon , Vladimir , Pozzo , Lucky , their time and their space , I was able to know them a little , but far from the need to understand . Maybe they owe you explanations . Let them supply it . Without me . They and I are through with each other .
Romanticism
António Feliciano de Castilho made the for the Ultra-Romanticism , publishing the poems A Noite no Castelo ( `` Night in the Castle '' ) and Os Ciúmes do Bardo ( `` The Jealousy of the Bard '' ) , both in 1836 , and the drama Camões . He became an inquestionable master for successive Ultra-Romantic generations , whose influence would not be challenged until the famous Coimbra Question . He also caused polemic by translating Goethe 's Faust without knowing German , but using French versions of the play .
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday Wilkinson Live Camo & Krooked Hannah Wants Dillon Francis Porter Robinson Jacob Plant My Nu Leng Toyboy & Robin Hayden James Ferdinand Weber All We Are Cardiknox MK Oliver Dollar Charli XCX Tourist DJ Fresh Secondcity Dimension X Kove Elliphant Ben Khan FTSE The Riptide Movement Boy Better Know Hudson Mohawke Brodinski presents Brava Blonde Live Rustie Evian Christ Maribou State Live Snakehips TCTS 99 Souls Petite Meller The Six
History of Vietnam
The Period of Division with its many tragedies and dramatic historical developments inspired many poets and gave rise to some Vietnamese masterpieces in verse , including the epic poem The Tale of Kiều ( Truyện Kiều ) by Nguyễn Du , Song of a Soldier 's Wife ( Chinh Phụ Ngâm ) by Đặng Trần Côn and Đoàn Thị Điểm , and a collection of satirical , erotically charged poems by a female poet , Hồ Xuân Hương . Many
Romeo and Juliet
Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about two young star - crossed lovers whose deaths ultimately reconcile their feuding families . It was among Shakespeare 's most popular plays during his lifetime and along with Hamlet , is one of his most frequently performed plays . Today , the title characters are regarded as archetypal young lovers .
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday Beady Eye White Lies Noah and the Whale The Vaccines Metronomy Patrick Wolf The Naked and Famous Mona Miles Kane Frankie & The Heartstrings Pulled Apart By Horses Jane 's Addiction ( Cancelled ) Crystal Castles Bombay Bicycle Club Glassjaw Everything Everything The Kills OFWGKTA ( Reading Only ) Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros Yuck Funeral Party 2manydjs The Streets Death From Above 1979 Panic ! At The Disco Warpaint Chapel Club Cage The Elephant Best Coast Fucked Up Dananananaykroyd
Tabula rasa
Part of a series on Philosophy Plato Kant Nietzsche Buddha Confucius Averroes Philosophers Aestheticians Epistemologists Ethicists Logicians Metaphysicians Social and political philosophers Traditions African Analytic Aristotelian Buddhist Chinese Christian Continental Existentialism Hindu Jain Jewish Pragmatism Eastern Islamic Platonic Western Periods Ancient Medieval Modern Contemporary Literature Aesthetics Epistemology Ethics Logic Metaphysics Political philosophy Branches Aesthetics Epistemology Ethics Legal philosophy Logic Metaphysics Political philosophy Social philosophy Lists Index Outline Years Problems Publications Theories Glossary Philosophers Miscellaneous Philosopher Philomath Philalethes Women in philosophy Philosophy portal Roman
Haiku
In 1992 Nobel laureate Czesław Miłosz published the volume Haiku in which he translated from English to Polish haiku of Japanese masters and American and Canadian contemporary haiku authors .
Harry Patch
In February 2008 , the poet laureate of the United Kingdom Andrew Motion , was commissioned by the BBC West television programme Inside Out West , to write a poem in Patch 's honour . Entitled `` The Five Acts of Harry Patch '' it was first read at a special event at the Bishop 's Palace in Wells , where it was introduced by the Prince of Wales and received by Harry Patch .
Grunge
According to The Atlantic , the four most influential grunge singers were : Alice in Chains ' Layne Staley , who was called the `` most memorable voice '' of the genre for his skill at getting across `` power and vulnerability '' , Cobain , who could both scream and sing melodically in the same song like John Lennon , Soundgarden 's Chris Cornell , who could wail and sing high - pitched notes like Robert Plant , and Vedder , who mixed a Jim Morrison - influenced baritone voice with a blend of punk and rock styles . Jeff Stetson praises Cobain and Mark Lanegan for the distinctiveness of their singing voices and he calls Cornell , Staley and Carrie Akre `` ... some of the greatest voices ... to be heard in modern rock '' ; he also states that these singers achieved their vocal level without the 2010s - era `` industry standard air brushing '' of Auto Tune pitch correction . Lyrics
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Arthur Brown Daddy Longlegs Warm Dust Bell & Arc Ricotti / Albuquerque Armada Accrington Stanley Anno Domini East of Eden Sha Na Na Lindisfarne Ralph McTell Hardin & York Wishbone Ash Terry Reid Stud Renaissance Audience Genesis Gillian McPherson Universe Colosseum Rory Gallagher Al Kooper Iain Matthews Medicine Head Van Der Graaf Generator Osibisa Stray Demick & Armstrong Clark Hutchinson Storyteller Country Jug Colonel Bagshot Steel Mill
Rosaline
Scholars generally compare Romeo 's short - lived love of Rosaline with his later love of Juliet . The poetry Shakespeare writes for Rosaline is much weaker than that for Juliet . Scholars believe Romeo 's early experience with Rosaline prepares him for his relationship with Juliet . Later performances of Romeo and Juliet have painted different pictures of Romeo and Rosaline 's relationship , as filmmakers have experimented with making Rosaline a more visible character .
Republic (Plato)
In antiquity , Plato 's works were largely acclaimed , but a few commentators regarded them as too theoretical . Tacitus , commented on such works as The Republic and Aristotle 's Politics in his Ann . ( IV , 33 ) :
Romanticism
Romanticism in Spanish literature developed a well - known literature with a huge variety of poets and playwrights . The most important Spanish poet during this movement was José de Espronceda . After him there were other poets like Gustavo Adolfo Bécquer , Mariano José de Larra and the dramatist José Zorrilla , author of Don Juan Tenorio . Before them may be mentioned the pre-romantics José Cadalso and Manuel José Quintana . The plays of Antonio García Gutiérrez were adapted to produce Giuseppe Verdi 's operas Il trovatore and Simon Boccanegra . Spanish Romanticism also influenced regional literatures . For example , in Catalonia and in Galicia there was a national boom of writers in the local languages , like the Catalan Jacint Verdaguer and the Galician Rosalía de Castro , the main figures of the national revivalist movements Renaixença and Rexurdimento , respectively .
Haiku
江戸 の 雨 何 石 呑ん だ 時 鳥 えど の あめ なん ごく の ん だ ほととぎす Edo no ame nan goku nonda hototogisu
Lake District
The novelist Sir Hugh Walpole lived at `` Brackenburn '' on the lower slopes of Catbells overlooking Derwent Water from 1924 until his death in 1941 . Whilst living at `` Brackenburn '' he wrote The Herries Chronicle detailing the history of a fictional Cumbrian family over two centuries . The noted author and poet Norman Nicholson came from the south west lakes , living and writing about Millom in the 20th century -- he was known as the last of the Lake Poets and came close to becoming the Poet Laureate .
Ramayana
Ramayana ( / rɑːˈmɑːjənə / ; Sanskrit : रामायणम् , Rāmāyaṇam , pronounced ( rɑːˈmɑːjəɳəm ) ) , originally titled as Kaavyam Ramayanam Kritsnam Sitaayaas Charitham Mahat , is an ancient Indian epic poem which narrates the struggle of the divine prince Rama to rescue his wife Sita from the demon king Ravana . Along with the Mahabharata , it forms the Sanskrit Itihasa .
The Happy Prince and Other Tales
The Remarkable Rocket , unlike the other stories in the collection , contains a large number of Wildean epigrams :
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday Babyshambles The Wombats Vampire Weekend MGMT Jack Peñate One Night Only The Duke Spirit Be Your Own Pet Blood Red Shoes Pete & The Pirates Future of the Left Manic Street Preachers Bullet for My Valentine Justice Foals Seasick Steve The Ting Tings Mystery Jets Santigold Joe Lean & The Jing Jang Jong Kids in Glass Houses Bombay Bicycle Club The Cribs The Last Shadow Puppets Conor Oberst and the Mystic Valley Band Pendulum The Music Hadouken ! Lightspeed Champion Cajun Dance Party Adam Green Yeasayer The Metros
Music of France
The greatest Belgian chansonnier was Jacques Brel , whose classic songs have been covered by several international artists . Others such as Salvatore Adamo , Axelle Red , Lara Fabian , Maurane , Selah Sue , Frédéric François and Annie Cordy have also enjoyed some success in France and other French - speaking countries .
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday Bear 's Den Cigarettes After Sex Jagwar Ma The Districts Toothless Off Bloom Cosima The Big Moon Idles Louis Berry The Amazons Prose Yonaka Barns Courtney ( Reading only ) Black Lips Japandroids The View Shame Grouplove Black Honey Eden The Japanese House Pumarosa All Tvvins Superfood Indigo Lo Paris Youth Foundation Wolf Alice ( Secret Set ) The Hunna Tom Grennan Ash Phantogram Vallis Alps Picture This Will Joseph Cook Mondo Cozmo King Nun Otherkin Ten Tonnes Saint PHNX Outlya
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday Jack Ü Twenty One Pilots Crystal Castles The Neighbourhood The Internet Giggs Mura Masa Hinds Hælos Fickle Friends Two Door Cinema Club Nas Krept & Konan Jack Garratt Sigma Netsky Blossoms Whitney Highly Suspect Sunset Sons The 1975 The Wombats Cage The Elephant Savages Rat Boy Half Moon Run Tonight Alive Deaf Havana Spring King Basement Black Foxxes
Haiku
ha - tsu shi - gu - re ( 5 ) sa - ru mo ko - mi - no o ( 7 ) ho - shi - ge na - ri ( 5 )
Lebanon
In literature , Khalil Gibran is particularly known for his book The Prophet ( 1923 ) , which has been translated into more than twenty different languages . Several contemporary Lebanese writers have also achieved international success ; including Elias Khoury , Amin Maalouf , Hanan al - Shaykh , and Georges Schehadé .
Samurai
What a pity ! Tadanori was a great general , pre-eminent in the arts of both sword and poetry .
Ode to the West Wind
There is also a confrontation in this canto : Whereas in line 57 Shelley writes `` me thy '' , there is `` thou me '' in line 62 . This `` signals a restored confidence , if not in the poet 's own abilities , at least in his capacity to communicate with ( ... ) the Wind '' .
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday Oliver Heldens Hannah Wants Alunageorge Philip George Danny L Harle Tkay Maidza Lion Babe 99 Souls Hermitude Draper Duke Dumont Disciples My Nu Leng with DJ Oneman & Dread MC Riton Sophie Birdy Nam Nam Lemaitre Zac Samuel Rag'n'Bone Man The Japanese House DJ EZ David Rodigan Mistajam Friction Jauz Fred V & Grafix Redlight Low Steppa Delta Heavy James Organ
Reading and Leeds Festivals line-ups
Reading Friday Reading Saturday Reading Sunday Leeds Saturday Leeds Sunday Leeds Friday Jimmy Eat World Brody Dalle The Skints Touche Amore Eagulls The Front Bottoms Slaves Dave Haus Misty Miller Munchie Girls Of Mice & Men Architects Issues While She Sleeps We Came As Romans Marmozets Wovenwar Basement Brutality Will Prevail Lesser Key Empress AD The Hell Beasts Gogol Bordello Möngöl Hörde letlive . Every Time I Die The Wonder Years A Wilhelm Scream The Flatliners Neck Deep Baby Godzilla Masked Intruder Pup Emily 's Army Blacklist Royals Vales
Barn swallow
The barn swallow symbolises the coming of spring and thus love in the Pervigilium Veneris , a late Latin poem . In his poem `` The Waste Land '' , T.S. Eliot quoted the line `` Quando fiam uti chelidon ( ut tacere desinam ) ? '' ( `` When will I be like the swallow , so that I can stop being silent ? '' ) This refers to the myth of Philomela in which she turns into a nightingale , and her sister Procne into a swallow . On the other hand , an image of the assembly of swallows for their southward migration concludes John Keats 's ode `` To Autumn '' .
James Russell Lowell
Conversations on the Old Poets ( 1844 ) Fireside Travels ( 1864 ) Among My Books ( 1870 ) My Study Windows ( 1871 ) Among My Books ( second collection , 1876 ) Democracy and Other Addresses ( 1886 ) Political Essays ( 1888 )
Romanticism
Gerald Abraham M.H. Abrams Donald Ault Jacques Barzun Ian Bent Isaiah Berlin Tim Blanning Harold Bloom Friedrich Blume James Chandler Jeffrey N. Cox Carl Dahlhaus Northrop Frye Peter Kitson Philippe Lacoue - Labarthe Paul de Man Jerome McGann Anne K. Mellor Jean - Luc Nancy Ashton Nichols Leon Plantinga Christopher Ricks Charles Rosen René Wellek Susan J. Wolfson