vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
New Jersey
Average high and low temperatures in various cities of New Jersey ° C ( ° F ) City Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Sussex 1 / − 9 ( 34 / 16 ) 3 / − 8 ( 38 / 18 ) 8 / − 4 ( 47 / 26 ) 15 / 2 ( 59 / 36 ) 21 / 7 ( 70 / 45 ) 25 / 12 ( 78 / 55 ) 28 / 16 ( 82 / 60 ) 27 / 14 ( 81 / 58 ) 23 / 10 ( 73 / 50 ) 17 / 4 ( 62 / 38 ) 11 / − 1 ( 51 / 31 ) 4 / − 6 ( 39 / 22 ) Newark 4 / − 4 ( 39 / 24 ) 6 / − 3 ( 42 / 27 ) 10 / 1 ( 51 / 34 ) 17 / 7 ( 62 / 44 ) 22 / 12 ( 72 / 53 ) 28 / 17 ( 82 / 63 ) 30 / 20 ( 86 / 69 ) 29 / 20 ( 84 / 68 ) 25 / 15 ( 77 / 60 ) 18 / 9 ( 65 / 48 ) 13 / 4 ( 55 / 39 ) 6 / − 1 ( 44 / 30 ) Kinnelone 0 / − 8 ( 35 / 15 ) 2 / − 8 ( 37 / 18 ) 7 / - 4 ( 46 / 26 ) 16 / 2 ( 60 / 36
Gun laws in North Carolina
( c ) For purposes of this section , the term `` recreational facilities '' includes only the following :
Oklahoma
Over almost all of Oklahoma , winter is the driest season . Average monthly precipitation increases dramatically in the spring to a peak in May , the wettest month over most of the state , with its frequent and not uncommonly severe thunderstorm activity . Early June can still be wet , but most years see a marked decrease in rainfall during June and early July . Mid-summer ( July and August ) represents a secondary dry season over much of Oklahoma , with long stretches of hot weather with only sporadic thunderstorm activity not uncommon many years . Severe drought is common in the hottest summers , such as those of 1934 , 1954 , 1980 and 2011 , all of which featured weeks on end of virtual rainlessness and high temperatures well over 100 ° F ( 38 ° C ) . Average precipitation rises again from September to mid-October , representing a secondary wetter season , then declines from late October through December .
Lithuania
Lithuania 's climate , which ranges between maritime and continental , is relatively mild . Average temperatures on the coast are − 2.5 ° C ( 27.5 ° F ) in January and 16 ° C ( 61 ° F ) in July . In Vilnius the average temperatures are − 6 ° C ( 21 ° F ) in January and 17 ° C ( 63 ° F ) in July . During the summer , 20 ° C ( 68 ° F ) is common during the day while 14 ° C ( 57 ° F ) is common at night ; in the past , temperatures have reached as high as 30 or 35 ° C ( 86 or 95 ° F ) . Some winters can be very cold . − 20 ° C ( − 4 ° F ) occurs almost every winter . Winter extremes are − 34 ° C ( − 29 ° F ) in coastal areas and − 43 ° C ( − 45 ° F ) in the east of Lithuania .
Climate of the United Kingdom
The climate in the United Kingdom is defined as a temperate oceanic climate , or Cfb on the Köppen climate classification system , a classification it shares with most of north - west Europe . Regional climates are influenced by the Atlantic Ocean and latitude . Northern Ireland , Wales and western parts of England and Scotland , being closest to the Atlantic Ocean , are generally the mildest , wettest and windiest regions of the UK , and temperature ranges here are seldom extreme . Eastern areas are drier , cooler , less windy and also experience the greatest daily and seasonal temperature variations . Northern areas are generally cooler , wetter and have slightly larger temperature ranges than southern areas .
Earth
Proximity to oceans moderates the climate . For example , the Scandinavian Peninsula has more moderate climate than similarly northern latitudes of northern Canada . The wind enables this moderating effect . The windward side of a land mass experiences more moderation than the leeward side . In the Northern Hemisphere , the prevailing wind is west - to - east , and western coasts tend to be milder than eastern coasts . This is seen in Eastern North America and Western Europe , where rough continental climates appear on the east coast on parallels with mild climates on the other side of the ocean . In the Southern Hemisphere , the prevailing wind is east - to - west , and the eastern coasts are milder . The distance from the Earth to the Sun varies . The Earth is closest to the Sun ( at perihelion ) in January , which is summer in the Southern Hemisphere . It is furthest away ( at aphelion ) in July , which is summer in the Northern Hemisphere , and only 93.55 % of the solar radiation from the Sun falls on a given square area of land than at perihelion . Despite this , there are larger land masses in the Northern Hemisphere , which are easier to heat than the seas . Consequently , summers are 2.3 ° C ( 4 ° F ) warmer in the Northern Hemisphere than in the Southern Hemisphere under similar conditions . The climate is colder at high altitudes than at sea level because of the decreased air density .
Baja California
The east side of the mountains produce a rain shadow , creating an extremely arid environment . The Sonoran Desert region of Baja California experiences hot summers and nearly frostless mild winters . The Mexicali Valley ( which is below sea level ) , experiences the highest temperatures in Mexico , that frequently surpass 47 ° C ( 116.6 ° F ) in mid-summer , and have exceeded 50 ° C ( 122 ° F ) on some occasions .
Climate of the Arctic
In summer , the coastal regions of Greenland experience temperatures similar to the islands in the Canadian Archipelago , averaging just a few degrees above freezing in July , with slightly higher temperatures in the south and west than in the north and east . The interior ice sheet remains snow - covered throughout the summer , though significant portions do experience some snow melt ( Serreze and Barry , 2005 ) . This snow cover , combined with the ice sheet 's elevation , help to keep temperatures here lower , with July averages between − 12 ° C and 0 ° C ( 10 ° F and 32 ° F ) . Along the coast , temperatures are kept from varying too much by the moderating influence of the nearby water or melting sea ice . In the interior , temperatures are kept from rising much above freezing because of the snow - covered surface but can drop to − 30 ° C ( − 22 ° F ) even in July . Temperatures above 20 ° C are rare but do sometimes occur in the far south and south - west coastal areas .
Climate of the United Kingdom
Coastal areas in the southern half of England have on average the warmest autumns , with mean temperatures of 10.7 to 13.0 ° C ( 51.3 to 55.4 ° F ) . Mountainous areas of Wales and northern England , and almost all of Scotland , experience mean temperatures between 1.7 and 7.5 ° C ( 35.1 and 45.5 ° F ) .
Geography of Florida
The climate of Florida is tempered by the fact that no part of the state is very distant from the ocean . North of Lake Okeechobee , the prevalent climate is humid subtropical , while coastal areas south of the lake ( including the Florida Keys ) have a true tropical climate . Mean high temperatures for late July are primarily in the low 90s Fahrenheit ( 32 -- 34 ° C ) . Mean low temperatures for early to mid January range from the low 40s Fahrenheit ( 4 -- 7 ° C ) in northern Florida to the mid-50s ( ≈ 13 ° C ) in southern Florida . Fall
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Fall sees less rain than summer , though the weather can be more unsettled closer to winter .
Climate of the Arctic
In winter , the Canadian Archipelago experiences temperatures similar to those in the Arctic Basin , but in the summer months of June to August , the presence of so much land in this region allows it to warm more than the ice - covered Arctic Basin . In the station - climatology figure above , the plot for Resolute is typical of this region . The presence of the islands , most of which lose their snow cover in summer , allows the summer temperatures to rise well above freezing . The average high temperature in summer approaches 10 ° C ( 50 ° F ) , and the average low temperature in July is above freezing , though temperatures below freezing are observed every month of the year .
Season
Any point north of the Arctic Circle or south of the Antarctic Circle will have one period in the summer when the sun does not set , and one period in the winter when the sun does not rise . At progressively higher latitudes , the maximum periods of `` midnight sun '' and `` polar night '' are progressively longer .
Season
The tropical and subtropical regions see little annual fluctuation of sunlight . However , seasonal shifts occur along a rainy , low - pressure belt called the Intertropical Convergence Zone ( ICZ ) . As a result , the amount of precipitation tends to vary more dramatically than the average temperature . When the Zone is north of the Equator , the northern tropics experience their wet season while the southern tropics have their dry season . This pattern reverses when the Zone migrates to a position south of the Equator .
North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball
Students at UNC are only allowed to play on the team for two years , and then they are given a chance to try out for the varsity . The J.V. team also serves as a way for coaches to evaluate players for two years on the J.V. so they will better know what to expect when they try out for varsity later in their careers .
Gun laws in North Carolina
In accordance to North Carolina Law , no county or local government can require handgun registration .
Sahara
The constantly high position of the sun , the extremely low relative humidity , and the lack of vegetation and rainfall make the Great Desert the hottest continuously large area worldwide , and the hottest place on Earth during summer in some spots . The average high temperature exceeds 38 to 40 ° C or 100.4 to 104.0 ° F during the hottest month nearly everywhere in the desert except at very high altitudes . The highest officially recorded average high temperature was 47 ° C or 116.6 ° F in a remote desert town in the Algerian Desert called Bou Bernous with an elevation of 378 metres ( 1,240 ft ) above sea level . It is the world 's highest recorded average high temperature and only Death Valley , California rivals it . Other hot spots in Algeria such as Adrar , Timimoun , In Salah , Ouallene , Aoulef , Reggane with an elevation between 200 and 400 metres ( 660 and 1,310 ft ) above sea level get slightly lower summer average highs around 46 ° C or 114.8 ° F during the hottest months of the year . Salah , well known in Algeria for its extreme heat , has average high temperatures of 43.8 ° C or 110.8 ° F , 46.4 ° C or 115.5 ° F , 45.5 ° C or 113.9 ° F and 41.9 ° C or 107.4 ° F in June , July , August and September respectively . There are even hotter spots in the Sahara , but they are located in extremely remote areas , especially in the Azalai , lying in northern Mali . The major part of the desert experiences around three to five months when the average high strictly exceeds 40 ° C or 104 ° F. The southern central part of the desert experiences up to six or seven months when the average high temperature strictly exceeds 40 ° C or 104 ° F which shows the constancy and the length of the really hot season in the Sahara . Some examples of this are : Bilma , Niger and Faya - Largeau , Chad . The annual average daily temperature exceeds 20 ° C or 68 ° F everywhere and can approach 30 ° C or 86 ° F in the hottest regions year - round . However , most of the desert has a value in excess of 25 ° C or 77 ° F .
Climate of India
Remote regions of Jammu and Kashmir such as Baramulla district in the east and the Pir Panjal Range in the southeast experience exceptionally heavy snowfall . In southern areas around Jammu the climate is typically monsoonal , though the region is sufficiently far west to average 40 -- 100 mm ( 2 -- 4 in ) of rain monthly from January and March . In the hot season , Jammu city is very hot and can reach up to 40 ° C ( 104 ° F ) while in July and August , very heavy -- though erratic -- rainfall occurs with monthly extremes of up to 650 millimetres ( 26 in ) . Rainfall declines in September ; by October conditions are extremely dry , with temperatures of around 29 ° C ( 84 ° F ) . Across from the Pir Panjal range , the South Asian monsoon is no longer a factor and most precipitation falls in the spring from southwestern cloudbands . Because of its closeness to the Arabian Sea , Srinagar receives as much as 25 inches ( 635 mm ) of rain from this source , with the wettest months being March to May with around 85 mm ( 3.3 inches ) per month .
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom has a temperate climate , with plentiful rainfall all year round . The temperature varies with the seasons seldom dropping below − 11 ° C ( 12 ° F ) or rising above 35 ° C ( 95 ° F ) . The prevailing wind is from the south - west and bears frequent spells of mild and wet weather from the Atlantic Ocean , although the eastern parts are mostly sheltered from this wind since the majority of the rain falls over the western regions the eastern parts are therefore the driest . Atlantic currents , warmed by the Gulf Stream , bring mild winters ; especially in the west where winters are wet and even more so over high ground . Summers are warmest in the south - east of England , being closest to the European mainland , and coolest in the north . Heavy snowfall can occur in winter and early spring on high ground , and occasionally settles to great depth away from the hills . England
Climate of India
2 ) Most of western Rajasthan experiences an arid climatic regime ( Hot desert climate ) . Cloudbursts are responsible for virtually all of the region 's annual precipitation , which totals less than 300 millimetres ( 11.8 in ) . Such bursts happen when monsoon winds sweep into the region during July , August , and September . Such rainfall is highly erratic ; regions experiencing rainfall one year may not see precipitation for the next couple of years or so . Atmospheric moisture is largely prevented from precipitating due to continuous downdrafts and other factors . The summer months of May and June are exceptionally hot ; mean monthly temperatures in the region hover around 35 ° C ( 95 ° F ) , with daily maxima occasionally topping 50 ° C ( 122 ° F ) . During winters , temperatures in some areas can drop below freezing due to waves of cold air from Central Asia . There is a large diurnal range of about 14 ° C ( 25.2 ° F ) during summer ; this widens by several degrees during winter . Dust
North Carolina
Besides slaves , there were a number of free people of color in the state . Most were descended from free African Americans who had migrated along with neighbors from Virginia during the 18th century . The majority were the descendants of unions in the working classes between white women , indentured servants or free , and African men , indentured , slave or free . After the Revolution , Quakers and Mennonites worked to persuade slaveholders to free their slaves . Some were inspired by their efforts and the language of the Revolution to arrange for manumission of their slaves . The number of free people of color rose markedly in the first couple of decades after the Revolution .
Santiago de Compostela
Under the Köppen climate classification , Santiago de Compostela has a temperate oceanic ( Cfb ) climate , with mild to warm and somewhat dry summers and mild , wet winters . The prevailing winds from the Atlantic and the surrounding mountains combine to give Santiago some of Spain 's highest rainfall : about 1,545 millimetres ( 60.8 in ) annually . The climate is mild : frosts are common only in December , January and February , with an average of just 8 days per year , while snow is rare ; temperatures over 30 ° C ( 86 ° F ) are exceptional .
The impact of geography on colonial America
Located between 40 degrees and 30 degrees latitude , the physiographic makeup of the southern colonies is generally divided into three regions . The Atlantic Coastal Plain ( divided into two parts ; the Inner Coastal Plain and the Tidewater ) , the Piedmont , and the Blue Ridge Mountains and Appalachian mountain regions .
Kenya
Kenya 's climate varies from tropical along the coast to temperate inland to arid in the north and northeast parts of the country . The area receives a great deal of sunshine every month , and summer clothes are worn throughout the year . It is usually cool at night and early in the morning inland at higher elevations .
Great Lakes
The lakes also moderate seasonal temperatures to some degree , but not with as large an influence as do large oceans ; they absorb heat and cool the air in summer , then slowly radiate that heat in autumn . They protect against frost during transitional weather , and keep the summertime temperatures cooler than further inland . This effect can be very localized and overridden by offshore wind patterns . This temperature buffering produces areas known as `` fruit belts '' , where fruit can be produced that is typically grown much farther south . For instance , Western Michigan has apple and cherry orchards , and vineyards cultivated adjacent to the lake shore as far north as the Grand Traverse Bay and Nottawasaga Bay in central Ontario . The eastern shore of Lake Michigan and the southern shore of Lake Erie have many successful wineries because of the moderating effect , as does the Niagara Peninsula between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario . A similar phenomenon allows wineries to flourish in the Finger Lakes region of New York , as well as in Prince Edward County , Ontario on Lake Ontario 's northeast shore . Related to the lake effect is the regular occurrence of fog over medium - sized areas , particularly along the shorelines of the lakes . This is most noticeable along Lake Superior 's shores .
New Jersey
Within those regions are five distinct areas , based upon natural geography and population concentration . Northeastern New Jersey lies closest to Manhattan in New York City , and up to 1 million residents commute daily into the city for work , often via public transportation . Northwestern New Jersey , is more wooded , rural , and mountainous . The Jersey Shore , along the Atlantic Coast in Central and South Jersey , has its own unique natural , residential , and cultural characteristics owing to its location by the ocean . The Delaware Valley includes the southwestern counties of the state , which reside within the Philadelphia Metropolitan Area . The Pine Barrens region is in the southern interior of New Jersey . Covered rather extensively by mixed pine and oak forest , it has a much lower population density than much of the rest of the state .
Climate of the United Kingdom
England generally has higher maximum & minimum temperatures than the other areas of the UK , though Wales has higher minima from November to February , and Northern Ireland has higher maxima from December to February . England is also sunnier throughout the year , but unlike Wales , Northern Ireland & Scotland , the sunniest month is July , totalling 193.5 hours . It rains on fewer days in every month throughout the year than the rest of the UK , and rainfall totals are less in every month , with the driest month , May , averaging 58.4 mm ( 2.30 in ) . The climate of south - west England displays a seasonal temperature variation , although it is less extreme than most of the United Kingdom . Gales are less common in England compared to Scotland ; however on some occasions there can be strong winds , and rarely , the remains of Atlantic hurricanes and tropical storms . Some events such as the Great Storm of 1987 occurred near to the UK and caused damage in England . The prevailing wind direction for England is from the south - west .
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Spring is windy , sometimes unsettled with some rain , though spring is usually the driest part of the year in Albuquerque . March and April tend to see many days with the wind blowing at 20 to 30 mph ( 32 to 48 km / h ) , and afternoon gusts can produce periods of blowing sand and dust . In May , the winds tend to subside .
Climate of the United Kingdom
Wales has warmer temperatures throughout the year than Scotland , and has milder winter minima than England , but cooler winter maxima than Northern Ireland . Wales is wetter throughout the year than Northern Ireland and England , but has fewer rainy days than Northern Ireland ; meaning that rainfall tends to be more intense . Wales is also drier than Scotland in every month apart from May , June and December , and there are fewer days with rain than in Scotland . Sunshine totals throughout the year are more than that of Scotland and Northern Ireland , but less than that of neighbouring England . May is the sunniest month , averaging 186.8 hours .
Climate of the United Kingdom
Generally the United Kingdom has cool to mild winters and warm summers with moderate variation in temperature throughout the year . In England the average annual temperature varies from 8.5 ° C ( 47.3 ° F ) in the north to 11 ° C ( 51.8 ° F ) in the south , but over the higher ground this can be several degrees lower . This small variation in temperature is to a large extent due to the moderating effect the Atlantic ocean has -- water has a much greater specific heat capacity than air and tends to heat and cool slowly throughout the year . This has a warming influence on coastal areas in winter and a cooling influence in summer .
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Albuquerque 's climate is usually sunny and dry , with an average of 3,415 sunshine hours per year . Brilliant sunshine defines the region , averaging 278 days a year ; periods of variably mid and high - level cloudiness temper the sun at other times . Extended cloudiness is rare . The city has four distinct seasons . Downtown
Albuquerque, New Mexico
Traveling to the west , north and east of Albuquerque , one quickly rises in elevation and leaves the sheltering effect of the valley to enter a noticeably cooler and slightly wetter environment . One such area is still considered part of metro Albuquerque , commonly called the `` East Mountain '' area ; it is covered in savannas or woodlands of low juniper and piñon trees , reminiscent of the lower parts of the southern Rocky Mountains , which do not actually contact Albuquerque proper . Most rain occurs during the summer monsoon season ( also called a chubasco in Mexico ) , typically starting in early July and ending in mid-September .
Climate of India
Winter , occurring from December to March . The year 's coldest months are December and January , when temperatures average around 10 -- 15 ° C ( 50 -- 59 ° F ) in the northwest ; temperatures rise as one proceeds towards the equator , peaking around 20 -- 25 ° C ( 68 -- 77 ° F ) in mainland India 's southeast . Summer or pre-monsoon season , lasting from April to June ( April to July in northwestern India ) . In western and southern regions , the hottest month is April ; for northern regions of India , May is the hottest month . Temperatures average around 32 -- 40 ° C ( 90 -- 104 ° F ) in most of the interior . Monsoon or rainy season , lasting from July to September . The season is dominated by the humid southwest summer monsoon , which slowly sweeps across the country beginning in late May or early June . Monsoon rains begin to recede from North India at the beginning of October . South India typically receives more rainfall . Post-monsoon or autumn season , lasting from October to November . In the northwest of India , October and November are usually cloudless . Tamil Nadu receives most of its annual precipitation in the northeast monsoon season .
Segovia
The climate is hot - summer Mediterranean ( Csa in the Koeppen climate classification ) near the boundaries of Csb and BSk , resulting from the high altitude and the distance from the coast . The average annual temperature is 12.42 ° C ( 54.4 ° F ) , with a minimum in December of − 14 ° C ( 6.8 ° F ) and maximum in August of 39 ° C ( 102.2 ° F ) . The annual precipitation range from 400 to 500 mm per year in the lower plains , and can reach up to 800 mm right in the mountain area of `` Sierra de Guadarrama '' , as rainfalls and snowfalls are more frequent , and decent showers coming from summer thunderstorms help the mountain area of the province to be rainier than average for the entire central Spain area . All of this make the province a damp corner in the context of the region . The predominant forms of vegetation in the mountainous areas include pine , evergreen , oak , beech and juniper .