vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Primate
The common chimpanzee eats an omnivorous frugivorous diet . It prefers fruit above all other food items and even seeks out and eats them when they are not abundant . It also eats leaves and leaf buds , seeds , blossoms , stems , pith , bark and resin . Insects and meat make up a small proportion of their diet , estimated as 2 % . The meat consumption includes predation on other primate species , such as the western red colobus monkey . This sometimes involves tool use . Common chimpanzees sharpen sticks to use as weapons when hunting mammals . This is considered the first evidence of systematic use of weapons in a species other than humans . Researchers documented 22 occasions where wild chimpanzees fashioned sticks into `` spears '' to hunt lesser bush babies ( Galago senegalensis ) . In each case , a chimpanzee modified a branch by breaking off one or both ends and , frequently using its teeth , sharpened the stick . The tools , on average , were about 60 cm ( 24 in ) long and 1.1 cm ( 0.4 in ) in circumference . The chimpanzees then jabbed their spears into hollows in tree trunks where bush babies slept . There was a single case in which a chimpanzee successfully extracted a bush baby with the tool . The bonobo is an omnivorous frugivore -- the majority of its diet is fruit , but it supplements this with leaves , meat from small vertebrates , such as anomalures , flying squirrels and duikers , and invertebrates . In some instances , bonobos have been shown to consume lower - order primates .
Camel
Camel meat has been eaten for centuries . It has been recorded by ancient Greek writers as an available dish at banquets in ancient Persia , usually roasted whole . The ancient Roman emperor Heliogabalus enjoyed camel 's heel . Camel meat is still eaten in certain regions , including Eritrea , Somalia , Djibouti , Saudi Arabia , Egypt , Syria , Libya , Sudan , Ethiopia , Kazakhstan , and other arid regions where alternative forms of protein may be limited or where camel meat has had a long cultural history . Camel blood is also consumable , as is the case among pastoralists in northern Kenya , where camel blood is drunk with milk and acts as a key source of iron , vitamin D , salts and minerals . Camel meat is also occasionally found in Australian cuisine : for example , a camel lasagna is available in Alice Springs .
Artificial turf
NFL players overwhelmingly prefer natural grass over synthetic surfaces , according to a league survey conducted in 2010 . When asked , `` Which surface do you think is more likely to shorten your career ? '' , 90 % responded artificial turf .
Normative
For example , `` children should eat vegetables '' , and `` those who would sacrifice liberty for security deserve neither '' are normative claims . On the other hand , `` vegetables contain a relatively high proportion of vitamins '' , and `` a common consequence of sacrificing liberty for security is a loss of both '' are positive claims . Whether a statement is normative is logically independent of whether it is verified , verifiable , or popularly held .
Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church
Every person 14 years of age or older must abstain from meat ( and items made with meat ) on Ash Wednesday , Good Friday , and all the Fridays of Lent . Every person between the age of 18 and 59 ( beginning of 60th year ) must fast on Ash Wednesday and Good Friday . Every person 14 years of age or older must abstain from meat ( and items made with meat ) on all other Fridays of the year , unless he or she substitutes some other form of penance for abstinence .
Heart
Animal hearts are widely consumed as food . As they are almost entirely muscle , they are high in protein . They are often included in dishes with other offal , for example in the pan-Ottoman kokoretsi .
Guinea pig
Guinea pigs benefit from a diet of fresh grass hay , such as timothy hay , in addition to food pellets which are often based on timothy hay . Alfalfa hay is also a popular food choice and most guinea pigs will eat large amounts of alfalfa when offered it , though some controversy exists over offering alfalfa to adult guinea pigs . Some pet owners and veterinary organizations have advised that , as a legume rather than a grass hay , alfalfa consumed in large amounts may lead to obesity , as well as bladder stones from the excess calcium in all animals except for pregnant and very young guinea pigs . However , published scientific sources mention alfalfa as a food source that can replenish protein , amino acids , and fiber .
Red deer
Red deer are held in captivity for a variety of reasons . The meat of the deer , called venison , was until recently restricted in the United Kingdom to those with connections to the aristocratic or poaching communities , and a licence was needed to sell it legally , but it is now widely available in supermarkets , especially in the autumn . The Queen still follows the custom of offering large pieces of venison to members of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom and others . Some estates in the Scottish Highlands still sell deer - stalking accompanied by a gillie in the traditional way , on unfenced land , while others operate more like farms for venison . Venison is widely considered to be both flavourful and nutritious . It is higher in protein and lower in fat than either beef or chicken .
Fitness culture
Besides , sport wear and athletic footwear has become the fastest growing segment in the apparel market . The trend in sport wear frames it not only for sport activities but also as daywear or weekend wear . While classic sport brands continue to expand their market share in the industry , high fashion brands have also joined the competition .
Football player
The rate of suicide among NFL vets has been found to be 59 % lower than in the general population .
U.S. national anthem protests (2016–present)
Former Chicago Bears coach Mike Ditka commented , `` If you do n't respect our country , then you should n't be in this country playing football ... So I would say , adios . '' He added that he was `` not condemning anybody or criticizing anybody '' in his remarks . According to Ditka , `` there has been no oppression in the last 100 years that I know of . ''
Eid al-Adha
The meat from the sacrificed animal is preferred to be divided into three parts . The family retains one third of the share ; another third is given to relatives , friends , and neighbors ; and the remaining third is given to the poor and needy . Though the division is purely optional wherein either all the meat may be kept with oneself or may be given away to poor or needy , the preferred method as per sunnah of Muhammad is dividing it in three parts .
Brisket
In the United States , the whole boneless brisket , based on the Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications ( IMPS ) , as promulgated by the USDA , has the meat - cutting classification IMPS 120 . The North American Meat Processors Association publishes a photographic version of IMPS called the Meat Buyer 's Guide . The brisket muscles are sometimes separated for retail cutting : the lean `` first cut '' or `` flat cut '' is the deep pectoral , while the fattier `` second cut '' , `` point '' , `` fat end '' , or `` triangular cut '' is the superficial pectoral . For food service use , they are IMPS 120A and 120B , respectively .
Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church
Current norms for England and Wales , issued by the Bishops ' Conference in May 2011 , re-introduced the expectation that all Catholics able to do so should abstain from meat on all Fridays of the year , effective Friday , September 16 , 2011 . Ireland
Avocado
The fruit is not sweet , but distinctly and subtly flavored , with smooth texture . It is used in both savory and sweet dishes , though in many countries not for both . The avocado is popular in vegetarian cuisine as a substitute for meats in sandwiches and salads because of its high fat content .
National Football League on television
Generally , the only networks to counterprogram the Super Bowl currently are niche cable networks with no `` sports fan '' appeal such as Animal Planet with their Puppy Bowl and imitation programming , and various marathons by other cable networks . In years when it does not carry the game , Fox has often purposely burned off failed sitcoms and dramas to discourage viewers from tuning away from the game , with other networks generally running marathons of popular reality or drama programs ( for NBC , The Apprentice has filled this role ) merely to fill the evening rather than an actual attempt to counterprogram , and CBS notably runs themed 60 Minutes episodes consisting of past stories featuring figures that fit the episode 's theme .
Camel
Camels are the ultimate pillars that support national economies of many developing countries , because they are useful for transport , and provide food in the form of meat and milk ( Tariq et al. , 2010 ) . A camel carcass can provide a substantial amount of meat . The male dromedary carcass can weigh 300 -- 400 kg ( 661 -- 882 lb ) , while the carcass of a male Bactrian can weigh up to 650 kg ( 1,433 lb ) . The carcass of a female dromedary weighs less than the male , ranging between 250 and 350 kg ( 550 and 770 lb ) . The brisket , ribs and loin are among the preferred parts , and the hump is considered a delicacy . The hump contains `` white and sickly fat '' , which can be used to make the khli ( preserved meat ) of mutton , beef , or camel . On the other hand , camel milk and meat are rich in protein , vitamins , glycogen , and other nutrients making them essential in the diet of many people . From chemical composition to meat quality , the dromedary camel is the preferred breed for meat production . It does well even in arid areas due to its unusual physiological behaviors and characteristics , which include tolerance to extreme temperatures , radiation from the sun , water paucity , rugged landscape and low vegetation ( Aleme , 2013 ) . Camel meat is reported to taste like coarse beef , but older camels can prove to be very tough , although camel meat becomes more tender the more it is cooked . The Abu Dhabi Officers ' Club serves a camel burger mixed with beef or lamb fat in order to improve the texture and taste . In Karachi , Pakistan , some restaurants prepare nihari from camel meat . In Syria and Egypt , there are specialist camel butchers .
Cherry blossom
Since the leaves contain coumarin , which is toxic in large doses , it is not recommended to eat them in great quantities .
Height in sports
A survey of 121 senior player for the Australian Newcastle Knights team , in 2006 , found the average player was 182.1 cm ( range 169.0 - 198.0 cm ) , with an average mass of 93.0 kg ( range : 73.0 - 127.0 kg )
Brown bear
The brown bear is one of the most omnivorous animals in the world and has been recorded consuming the greatest variety of foods of any bear . Throughout life , this species is regularly curious about the potential of eating virtually any organism or object that they encounter . Certainly no other animal in their given ecosystems , short perhaps of other bear species and humans , can claim to feed on as broad a range of dietary opportunities . Food that is both abundant and easily obtained is preferred . Their jaw structure has evolved to fit their dietary habits . Their diet varies enormously throughout their differing areas based on opportunity . In spring , winter - provided carrion , grasses , shoots , sedges and forbs are the dietary mainstays for brown bears from almost every part of their distribution . Fruits , including berries , become increasingly important during summer and early autumn . Roots and bulbs become critical in autumn for some inland bear populations if fruit crops are poor . The dietary variability is illustrated in the western United States , as meat made up 51 % of the average year - around diet for grizzly bears from Yellowstone National Park while it made up only 11 % of the year - around diet for grizzlies from Glacier National Park a few hundred miles to the north .
Statin
The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ( NICE ) recommends statin treatment for adults with an estimated 10 year risk of developing cardiovascular disease that is greater than 10 % . Guidelines by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association recommend statin treatment for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults with LDL cholesterol ≥ 190 mg / dL or those with diabetes , age 40 -- 75 with LDL - C 70 -- 190 mg / dl ; or in those with a 10 - year risk of developing heart attack or stroke of 7.5 % or more . In this latter group , statin assignment was not automatic , but was recommended to occur only after a clinician - patient risk discussion with shared decision making where other risk factors and lifestyle are addressed , the potential for benefit from a statin is weighed against the potential for adverse effects or drug interactions and informed patient preference is elicited . Moreover , if a risk decision was uncertain , factors such as family history , coronary calcium score , ankle - brachial index , and an inflammation test ( hs - CRP ≥ 2.0 mg / L ) were suggested to inform the risk decision . Additional factors that could be used were an LDL - C ≥ 160 or a very high lifetime risk . However , critics such as Steven E. Nissen say that the AHA / ACC guidelines were not properly validated , overestimate the risk by at least 50 % , and recommend statins for patients who will not benefit , based on populations whose observed risk is lower than predicted by the guidelines . The European Society of Cardiology and the European Atherosclerosis Society recommend the use of statins for primary prevention , depending on baseline estimated cardiovascular score and LDL thresholds .
Artificial turf
Rugby also uses artificial surfaces at a professional level . Infill fields are used by English Aviva Premiership teams Saracens F.C. , Newcastle Falcons and Worcester Warriors , as well as Pro14 teams Cardiff Blues and Glasgow Warriors . Some fields , including Twickenham Stadium , have incorporated a hybrid field , with grass and synthetic fibers used on the surface . This allows for the field to be much more hard wearing , making it less susceptible to weather conditions and frequent use .
Artificial turf
There is evidence showing higher rates of player injury on artificial turf . In a study performed by the National Football League Injury and Safety Panel , published in the October 2012 issue of the American Journal of Sports Medicine , Elliott B. Hershman et al. reviewed injury data from NFL games played between 2000 and 2009 . `` ... the injury rate of knee sprains as a whole was 22 % higher on FieldTurf than on natural grass . While MCL sprains did not occur at a rate significantly higher than on grass , rates of ACL sprains were 67 % higher on FieldTurf . '' Metatarsophalangeal joint sprain , known as `` turf toe '' when the big toe is involved , is named from the injury being associated with playing sports on rigid surfaces such as artificial turf and is a fairly common injury among professional American football players . Artificial turf is a harder surface than grass and does not have much `` give '' when forces are placed on it .
Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church
Absent any specification of the nature of `` fasting '' in the current Canon Law , the traditional definition is obviously applicable here which is that on the days of mandatory fasting , Catholics may eat only one full meal during the day . Additionally , they may eat up to two small meals or snacks , known as `` collations '' . Church requirements on fasting only relate to solid food , not to drink , so Church law does not restrict the amount of water or other beverages -- even alcoholic drinks -- which may be consumed .
World Health Organization
The World Health Organization sub-department , the International Agency for Research on Cancer ( IARC ) , has been criticized for the way it analyses the tendency of certain substances and activities to cause cancer and for having a politically motivated bias when it selects studies for its analysis . Ed Yong , a British science journalist , has criticized the agency and its `` confusing '' category system for misleading the public . Marcel Kuntz , a French director of research at the French National Centre for Scientific Research , criticized the agency for its classification of potentially carcinogenic substances . He claimed that this classification did not take into account the extent of exposure : for example , red meat is qualified as probably carcinogenic , but the quantity of consumed red meat at which it could become dangerous is not specified .
Football
William Webb Ellis , a pupil at Rugby School , is said to have `` with a fine disregard for the rules of football , as played in his time ( emphasis added ) , first took the ball in his arms and ran with it , thus creating the distinctive feature of the rugby game . '' in 1823 . This act is usually said to be the beginning of Rugby football , but there is little evidence that it occurred , and most sports historians believe the story to be apocryphal . The act of ' taking the ball in his arms ' is often misinterpreted as ' picking the ball up ' as it is widely believed that Webb Ellis ' ' crime ' was handling the ball , as in modern soccer , however handling the ball at the time was often permitted and in some cases compulsory , the rule for which Webb Ellis showed disregard was running forward with it as the rules of his time only allowed a player to retreat backwards or kick forwards .
Chipotle Mexican Grill
A writer for the North Carolina newspaper The News & Observer called Chipotle 's `` food with integrity '' a `` lucrative farce '' and a `` marketing ploy '' by pointing out that organic food is `` often grown with manure ( an ' all - natural ' fertilizer ) , which can certainly increase the risks of accidentally spreading fecal bacteria like E. coli . ''
Great Salt Lake
The finding of high mercury levels prompted further studies and a health advisory warning hunters not to eat common goldeneye or northern shoveler , two species of duck found in the lake . It has been stated that this does not pose a risk to other recreational users of the lake .
Hudson River
Fishing is allowed in the river , although the state Department of Health recommends eating no fish caught from the South Glens Falls Dam to the Federal Dam at Troy . Women under 50 and children under 15 are not advised to eat any fish caught south of the Palmer Falls Dam in Corinth , while others are advised to eat anywhere from one to four meals per month of Hudson River fish , depending on species and location caught . The Department of Health cites mercury , PCBs , dioxin , and cadmium as the chemicals impacting fish in these areas .
Mercury in fish
According to the US Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) , the risk from mercury by eating fish and shellfish is not a health concern for most people . However , certain seafood might contain levels of mercury that may cause harm to an unborn baby ( and especially its brain development and nervous system ) . In a young child , high levels of mercury can interfere with the development of the nervous system . The FDA provides three recommendations for young children , pregnant women , and women of child - bearing age :
Myocardial infarction
There is a large crossover between the lifestyle and activity recommendations to prevent a myocardial infarction , and those that may be adopted as secondary prevention after an initial myocardial infarct . Recommendations include stopping smoking , a gradual return to exercise , eating a healthy diet , low in saturated fat and low in cholesterol , and drinking alcohol within recommended limits , exercising , and trying to achieve a healthy weight . Exercise is both safe and effective even if people have had stents or heart failure , and is recommended to start gradually after 1 -- 2 weeks . Counselling should be provided relating to medications used , and for warning signs of depression . Previous studies suggested a benefit from omega - 3 fatty acid supplementation but this has not been confirmed . Medications
Carolina Panthers
Pat Yasinskas of ESPN.com observed that while there is `` a bit of a wine - and - cheese atmosphere at Panthers games ... there is a strong core of die - hard fans who bring energy to Bank of America Stadium . Charlotte lives and dies with the Panthers because there are n't a lot of other options in the sports world '' . Sports Illustrated graded the Panthers as having the 10th highest `` NFL Fan Value Experience '' in 2007 , attributing much of the fan atmosphere to the team 's newness when compared to the established basketball fanbase . They also observed that the stadium has scattered parking lots , each of which has a different tailgating style . Some have fried chicken , pork , or Carolina - style barbecue , while others have live bands and televisions . Pickup football games in the parking lots are common , but fans tend to `` behave themselves '' , in part due to blue laws that prevent the sale of alcohol before noon on Sundays .
Super Bowl
The NFL is very active on stopping what it says is unauthorized commercial use of its trademarked terms `` NFL '' , `` Super Bowl '' , and `` Super Sunday '' . As a result , many events and promotions tied to the game , but not sanctioned by the NFL , are asked to refer to it with euphemisms such as `` The Big Game '' , or other generic descriptions . A radio spot for Planters nuts parodied this , by saying `` it would be super ... to have a bowl ... of Planters nuts while watching the big game ! '' and comedian Stephen Colbert began referring to the game in 2014 as the `` Superb Owl '' . In 2015 , the NFL filed opposition with the USPTO Trademark Trial and Appeal Board to a trademark application submitted by an Arizona - based nonprofit for `` Superb Owl '' . The NFL claims that the use of the phrase `` Super Bowl '' implies an NFL affiliation , and on this basis the league asserts broad rights to restrict how the game may be shown publicly ; for example , the league says Super Bowl showings are prohibited in churches or at other events that `` promote a message '' , while venues that do not regularly show sporting events can not show the Super Bowl on any television screen larger than 55 inches . Some critics say the NFL is exaggerating its ownership rights by stating that `` any use is prohibited '' , as this contradicts the broad doctrine of fair use in the United States . Legislation was proposed by Utah Senator Orrin Hatch in 2008 `` to provide an exemption from exclusive rights in copyright for certain nonprofit organizations to display live football games '' , and `` for other purposes '' .
Height in sports
A 2014 CNN survey reported the average NFL player was 1.88 m ( 6 ft 2 in ) and weighed 98 kg ( 216 lb ) .
Major League Baseball transactions
The intent of the rule 5 draft is to prevent teams from holding major league - potential players in the minor leagues when other teams would be willing to have them play in the majors . However , this draft has also become an opportunity for a team to take a top prospect from another team who might not be ready for the major leagues . For example , Cy Young award winner Johan Santana was chosen by the Florida Marlins four years before winning the award , when the Houston Astros declined to put him on their 40 - man roster . The Marlins chose Santana in the 1999 rule 5 draft , and traded him to the Minnesota Twins who kept him on their roster for the 2000 season , in which he toiled to a 6.49 earned run average at only 21 years of age . Two years later , he legitimized himself as a Major League pitcher , with an ERA under 3.00 , and two years after that , he was recognized as one of the best pitchers in the league . Had he not been chosen in the rule 5 draft , he likely would not have made his major - league debut until the 2001 or the 2002 season with the Astros .