vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Photo booth
After money has been inserted in the machine , multiple customers can enter the booth and pose for a set number of exposures . Some common options include the ability to alter lighting and backdrops while the newest versions offer features such as cameras from a variety of angles , fans , seats , and blue screen effects . Some establishments even offer costumes and wigs for customers to borrow .
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
While the United States had developed plans for an air campaign against Japan prior to the Pacific War , the capture of Allied bases in the western Pacific in the first weeks of the conflict meant that this offensive did not begin until mid-1944 when the long - ranged Boeing B - 29 Superfortress became ready for use in combat . Operation Matterhorn involved India - based B - 29s staging through bases around Chengdu in China to make a series of raids on strategic targets in Japan . This effort failed to achieve the strategic objectives that its planners had intended , largely because of logistical problems , the bomber 's mechanical difficulties , the vulnerability of Chinese staging bases , and the extreme range required to reach key Japanese cities .
Spirit in the Sky
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Color motion picture film
With color motion picture film , information about the color of the light at each image point is also captured . This is done by analyzing the visible spectrum of color into several regions ( normally three , commonly referred to by their dominant colors : red , green and blue ) and recording each region separately .
Boeing B-29 Superfortress
Some B - 29s were modified to act as test beds for various new systems or special conditions , including fire - control systems , cold - weather operations , and various armament configurations . Several converted B - 29s were used to experiment with aerial refueling and re-designated as KB - 29s . Perhaps the most important tests were conducted by the XB - 29G ; it carried prototype jet engines in its bomb bay , and lowered them into the air stream to conduct measurements .
Color motion picture film
Color motion picture film refers both to unexposed color photographic film in a format suitable for use in a motion picture camera , and to finished motion picture film , ready for use in a projector , which bears images in color .
International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea
31 . Lights for seaplanes Where it is impracticable for a seaplane or a WIG craft to exhibit lights and shapes of the characteristics or in the positions prescribed in the Rules of the Part she shall exhibit lights and shapes as closely similar in characteristics and position as is possible .
Color motion picture film
Each photographed color component , initially just a colorless record of the luminous intensities in the part of the spectrum that it captured , is processed to produce a transparent dye image in the color complementary to the color of the light that it recorded . The superimposed dye images combine to synthesize the original colors by the subtractive color method . In some early color processes ( e.g. , Kinemacolor ) , the component images remained in black - and - white form and were projected through color filters to synthesize the original colors by the additive color method .
Band on the Run
Band on the Run 2010 EPK `` Jet '' -- taken from Good Evening , New York City `` Mrs. Vandebilt '' -- taken from Good Evening , New York City `` Band on the Run '' -- taken from Good Evening , New York City
Civil–military relations
According to Amitai Etzioni of the Institute for Communitarian Policy Studies , the AirSea Battle doctrine is an example of a situation in which the military conceptualizes and develops a plan to counter a perceived threat to the United States without sufficient civilian oversight .
Color motion picture film
The earliest motion picture stocks were orthochromatic , and recorded blue and green light , but not red . Recording all three spectral regions required making film stock panchromatic to some degree . Since orthochromatic film stock hindered color photography in its beginnings , the first films with color in them used aniline dyes to create artificial color . Hand - colored films appeared in 1895 with Thomas Edison 's hand - painted Annabelle 's Dance for his Kinetoscope viewers .
History of photography
In 1816 Nicéphore Niépce , using paper coated with silver chloride , succeeded in photographing the images formed in a small camera , but the photographs were negatives , darkest where the camera image was lightest and vice versa , and they were not permanent in the sense of being reasonably light - fast ; like earlier experimenters , Niépce could find no way to prevent the coating from darkening all over when it was exposed to light for viewing . Disenchanted with silver salts , he turned his attention to light - sensitive organic substances . Robert
Operation Safed Sagar
The first strikes were launched on the 26 May , when the Indian Air Force struck infiltrator positions with fighter aircraft and helicopter gunships . The initial strikes saw MiG - 27s carrying out offensive sorties , with MiG - 21s and ( later ) MiG - 29s providing fighter cover . Mil Mi - 17 gunships were also deployed in the Tololing sector . Srinagar Airport was at this time closed to civilian air - traffic and dedicated to the Indian Air Force .
Logan (film)
Using the image of Logan at a funeral as an example of his stylistic logic , Mangold concluded by mentioning the aspects within modern filmmaking , primarily everything in close - up format . For Logan , his aim was to set frames that are descriptive , and evocative of comic - book panels and classical filmmaking .
Sacramento International Airport
As the nation 's economy was taking a hit in 2008 , commercial aviation was challenged by reduced passenger numbers and increasing fuel and other costs . The airport was a focus city for ExpressJet Airlines which independently operated Embraer ERJ - 145s on point - to - point , `` hub bypass '' routes . In 2008 , ExpressJet ended all independent flying and refocused its business on code shares for major airlines . Also in 2008 , Aloha Airlines ceased operations and Mexicana discontinued operations as well . Air Canada flew to this airport in 2007 -- 2008 to Vancouver , but ended the route in 2008 .
Metrication in the United States
The temperatures in aviation - related weather reports are given in degrees Celsius in the United States .
Furious 7
Principal photography began in early September 2013 in Atlanta , Georgia , with a casting call issued . Abu Dhabi was also a filming location ; the production crew chose it over Dubai , as they would benefit from the Emirate 's 30 % rebate scheme . Pikes Peak Highway in Colorado was closed in September to film some driving sequences .
Color motion picture film
A more common technique emerged in the early 1910s known as film tinting , a process in which either the emulsion or the film base is dyed , giving the image a uniform monochromatic color . This process was popular during the silent era , with specific colors employed for certain narrative effects ( red for scenes with fire or firelight , blue for night , etc . ) .
Color motion picture film
A pioneering three - color additive system was patented in England by Edward Raymond Turner in 1899 . It used a rotating set of red , green and blue filters to photograph the three color components one after the other on three successive frames of panchromatic black - and - white film . The finished film was projected through similar filters to reconstitute the color . In 1902 , Turner shot test footage to demonstrate his system , but projecting it proved problematic because of the accurate registration ( alignment ) of the three separate color elements required for acceptable results . Turner died a year later without having satisfactorily projected the footage . In 2012 , curators at the National Media Museum in Bradford , UK , had the original custom - format nitrate film copied to black - and - white 35 mm film , which was then scanned into a digital video format by telecine . Finally , digital image processing was used to align and combine each group of three frames into one color image . The result is that the whole world can now view brief motion pictures from 1902 in full color . Play
Climate of the United Kingdom
A detailed narrative account of the weather of every year from 1913 to 1942 , with photographs of plants taken on the same day in each of those years , may be found in Willis ( 1944 ) .
Eiffel Tower
At the top , there was a post office where visitors could send letters and postcards as a memento of their visit . Graffitists were also catered for : sheets of paper were mounted on the walls each day for visitors to record their impressions of the tower . Gustave Eiffel described some of the responses as vraiment curieuse ( `` truly curious '' ) .
Grand Canyon
In 2016 , skydiving at the Grand Canyon become possible with the first Grand Canyon Skydiving operation opening up at the Grand Canyon National Park Airport , on the South Rim .
Color motion picture film
The first color systems that appeared in motion pictures were additive color systems . Additive color was practical because no special color stock was necessary . Black - and - white film could be processed and used in both filming and projection . The various additive systems entailed the use of color filters on both the movie camera and projector . Additive color adds lights of the primary colors in various proportions to the projected image . Because of the limited amount of space to record images on film , and later because the lack of a camera that could record more than two strips of film at once , most early motion - picture color systems consisted of two colors , often red and green or red and blue .
Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
Rosenthal 's photograph has been reproduced in a number of other formats . It appeared on 3.5 million posters for the seventh war bond drive . It has also been reproduced with many unconventional media such as Lego bricks , butter , ice , Etch A Sketch and corn mazes .
War Powers Resolution
Precision and Purpose : Airpower in the Libyan Civil War . Rand Corporation . p. 105 . Jump up ^ Dinan , Stephen , `` Bipartisan Congress rebuffs Obama on Libya mission '' . The Washington Times , Saturday , June 4 , 2011 Jump up ^ Steinhauer , Jennifer ( June 3 , 2011 ) . `` House Rebukes Obama for Continuing Libyan Mission Without Its Consent '' . The New York Times . Jump up ^ Ackerman , Bruce . `` Legal Acrobatics , Illegal War '' , The New York Times ( June 21 , 2011 ) . Page A27 . Jump up ^ Barnes , Julian E. ; Entous , Adam ( February 17 , 2015 ) . `` U.S. to Give Some Syria Rebels Ability to Call Airstrikes '' . The Wall Street Journal . Retrieved February 17 , 2015 . Jump up ^ September 19 2014 . Congressional Record . https://www.congress.gov/bill/113th-congress/house-joint-resolution/124/text?overview=closed Jump up ^ `` Was Trump 's Syria Strike Legal ? An Expert Weighs In '' . Retrieved 7 April 2017 . Jump up ^ `` The war powers resolution '' . US Department of State Bulletin . 1988 - 09 - 15 . Retrieved 2008 - 07 - 09 . `` The War Powers Resolution has been controversial from the day it was adopted over President Nixon 's veto . Since 1973 , executive officials and many Members of Congress have criticized various aspects of the law repeatedly . '' Jump up ^ War Powers Joint Resolution , § 2 ( b ) . Jump up ^ `` War Powers : An Essay on John Hart Ely 's War and Responsibility : Constitutional Lessons of Vietnam and Its Aftermath , '' Michigan Law Quarterly 92 , no . 6 ( May 1994 ) : 1364 -- 1400 . Jump up ^ `` Myers v. United States , 272 U.S. 52 ( 1926 ) '' .
Mount Everest
In 2016 the increased use of helicopters was noted for increased efficiency and for hauling material over the deadly Khumbu icefall . In particular it was noted that flights saved icefall porters 80 trips but still increased commercial activity at Everest . After many Nepalis died in the icefall in 2014 , the government had wanted helicopters to handle more transportation to Camp 1 but this was not possible because of the 2015 deaths and earthquake closing the mountain , so this was then implemented in 2016 ( helicopters did prove instrumental in rescuing many people in 2015 though ) . That summer Bell tested the 412EPI , which conducted a series of tests including hovering at 18,000 feet and flying as high as 20,000 feet altitude near Mount Everest .
Missile gap
Beginning with the collection of photo - intelligence by U-2 overflights of the Soviet Union in 1956 , the Eisenhower administration had increasingly - hard evidence that claims of any strategic weapons favoring the Soviets were false . The CIA placed the number of ICBMs to be closer to a dozen . Continued sporadic flights failed to turn up any evidence of additional missiles . Curtis LeMay argued that the large stocks of missiles were in the areas not photographed by the U-2s , and arguments broke out over the Soviet factory capability , in an effort to estimate their production rate .
Great Depression in Canada
One of the areas not affected was bush flying , which , thanks to a mining and exploration boom , continued to thrive throughout this period . Even so , most bush flying companies lost money , impacted by the government 's cancellation of airmail contracts in 1931 - 2 .
Mount Everest
A detailed photogrammetric map ( at a scale of 1 : 50,000 ) of the Khumbu region , including the south side of Mount Everest , was made by Erwin Schneider as part of the 1955 International Himalayan Expedition , which also attempted Lhotse . An even more detailed topographic map of the Everest area was made in the late - 1980s under the direction of Bradford Washburn , using extensive aerial photography .
Titanic (1997 film)
The climactic scene , which features the breakup of the ship directly before it sinks as well as its final plunge to the bottom of the Atlantic , involved a tilting full - sized set , 150 extras , and 100 stunt performers . Cameron criticized previous Titanic films for depicting the liner 's final plunge as a graceful slide underwater . He `` wanted to depict it as the terrifyingly chaotic event that it really was '' . When carrying out the sequence , people needed to fall off the increasingly tilting deck , plunging hundreds of feet below and bouncing off of railings and propellers on the way down . A few attempts to film this sequence with stunt people resulted in some minor injuries , and Cameron halted the more dangerous stunts . The risks were eventually minimized `` by using computer generated people for the dangerous falls '' .
History of photography
The oldest surviving photograph of the image formed in a camera was created by Niépce in 1826 or 1827 . It was made on a polished sheet of pewter and the light - sensitive substance was a thin coating of bitumen , a naturally occurring petroleum tar , which was dissolved in lavender oil , applied to the surface of the pewter and allowed to dry before use . After a very long exposure in the camera ( traditionally said to be eight hours , but now believed to be several days ) , the bitumen was sufficiently hardened in proportion to its exposure to light that the unhardened part could be removed with a solvent , leaving a positive image with the light areas represented by hardened bitumen and the dark areas by bare pewter . To see the image plainly , the plate had to be lit and viewed in such a way that the bare metal appeared dark and the bitumen relatively light .
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Several international airlines service Kinshasa 's international airport and a few also offer international flights to Lubumbashi International Airport .
Grand Canyon
In 1956 , the Grand Canyon was the site of the deadliest commercial aviation disaster in history at the time .
Sacramento International Airport
Between 1990 and 2007 , Sacramento International Airport had a high incidence of bird strikes due to its location in an avian migratory route .
Air New Zealand
Air New Zealand operates five fifth freedom routes ( i.e. between two non-New Zealand destinations ) , the most notable being the daily Los Angeles -- London Heathrow service , operating as an extension of one of its Auckland -- Los Angeles services . The airline operates weekly flights from Rarotonga to Sydney and Los Angeles , in addition to flights connecting via Auckland . In 2012 -- after securing a contract from the Australian government -- Air New Zealand launched twice - weekly services from Sydney and Brisbane to Norfolk Island on its A320 aircraft , complementing its existing direct services from Auckland .
Damage to infrastructure in the 2010 Haiti earthquake
As of January 14 , dozens of cargo planes were landing and taking off , but regular scheduled commercial air service ceased . Meantime , some inbound travelers were reaching Haiti by flying to neighboring Dominican Republic , primarily Las Américas International Airport in Santo Domingo , and then traveling overland .
Jefferson Airplane
In December 1966 , Jefferson Airplane was featured in a Newsweek article about the booming San Francisco music scene , one of the first in a welter of similar media reports that prompted a massive influx of young people to the city and contributed to the commercialization of the hippie culture .
Long jump
The `` correct '' style of takeoff will vary from athlete to athlete . Multi-eventer
Hurricane Irma
From September 12 , NOAA released map - format aerial reconnaissance image data along the length of the Keys , and the coast around Naples and Fort Myers .
Red-tailed hawk
In flight , this hawk soars with wings often in a slight dihedral , flapping as little as possible to conserve energy . Active flight is slow and deliberate , with deep wing beats . In wind , it occasionally hovers on beating wings and remains stationary above the ground . When soaring or flapping its wings , it typically travels from 32 to 64 km / h ( 40 mph ) , but when diving may exceed 190 km / h ( 120 mph ) .
Untitled Film Stills
I suppose unconsciously , or semiconsciously at best , I was wrestling with some sort of turmoil of my own about understanding women . The characters were n't dummies ; they were n't just airhead actresses . They were women struggling with something but I did n't know what . The clothes make them seem a certain way , but then you look at their expression , however slight it may be , and wonder if maybe `` they '' are not what the clothes are communicating . I was n't working with a raised `` awareness , '' but I definitely felt that the characters are questioning something - perhaps being forced into a certain role . At the same time , those roles are in film : the women are n't being lifelike , they 're acting . There are so many levels of artifice . I like that whole jumble of ambiguity . - Cindy Sherman
Long jump
There are four main styles of takeoff : the kick style , double - arm style , sprint takeoff , and the power sprint or bounding takeoff . Kick
iPhone 6
In August 2015 , Apple admitted that some iPhone 6 Plus models may have faulty cameras that could be causing photos to look blurry and initiated a replacement program .
Korean War
The Korean War marked a major milestone not only for fixed - wing aircraft , but also for rotorcraft , featuring the first large - scale deployment of helicopters for medical evacuation ( medevac ) . In 1944 -- 1945 , during the Second World War , the YR - 4 helicopter saw limited ambulance duty , but in Korea , where rough terrain trumped the jeep as a speedy medevac vehicle , helicopters like the Sikorsky H - 19 helped reduce fatal casualties to a dramatic degree when combined with complementary medical innovations such as Mobile Army Surgical Hospitals . The limitations of jet aircraft for close air support highlighted the helicopter 's potential in the role , leading to development of the AH - 1 Cobra and other helicopter gunships used in the Vietnam War ( 1965 -- 75 ) .
iOS 11
The Photos app in iOS 11 gains support for viewing animated GIFs . Users can access GIF images inside an album titled `` Animated '' .
Fuel cell
Boeing researchers and industry partners throughout Europe conducted experimental flight tests in February 2008 of a manned airplane powered only by a fuel cell and lightweight batteries . The fuel cell demonstrator airplane , as it was called , used a proton exchange membrane ( PEM ) fuel cell / lithium - ion battery hybrid system to power an electric motor , which was coupled to a conventional propeller . In 2003 , the world 's first propeller - driven airplane to be powered entirely by a fuel cell was flown . The fuel cell was a stack design that allowed the fuel cell to be integrated with the plane 's aerodynamic surfaces .
Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
However , the photograph was not without controversy . Following the second flag - raising , Rosenthal had the Marines of Easy Company pose for a group shot , the `` gung - ho '' shot . A few days after the photograph was taken , Rosenthal -- back on Guam -- was asked if he had posed the photograph . Thinking the questioner was referring to the ' gung - ho ' photograph , he replied `` Sure . '' After that , Robert Sherrod , a Time - Life correspondent , told his editors in New York that Rosenthal had staged the flag - raising photograph . Time 's radio show , Time Views the News , broadcast a report , charging that `` Rosenthal climbed Suribachi after the flag had already been planted ... Like most photographers ( he ) could not resist reposing his characters in historic fashion . '' As a result of this report , Rosenthal was repeatedly accused of staging the photograph or covering up the first flag - raising . One New York Times book reviewer even went so far as to suggest revoking his Pulitzer Prize . In the following decades , Rosenthal repeatedly and vociferously denied claims that the flag - raising was staged . `` I do n't think it is in me to do much more of this sort of thing ... I do n't know how to get across to anybody what 50 years of constant repetition means . '' Genaust 's film also shows that the flag - raising was not staged .
Night vision
Thermal imaging cameras are excellent tools for night vision . They detect thermal radiation and do not need a source of illumination . They produce an image in the darkest of nights and can see through light fog , rain and smoke ( to a certain extent ) . Thermal imaging cameras make small temperature differences visible . Thermal imaging cameras are widely used to complement new or existing security networks , and for night vision on aircraft , where they are commonly referred to as `` FLIR '' ( for `` forward - looking infrared '' ) . When coupled with additional cameras ( for example , a visible camera or SWIR ) multispectral sensors are possible , which take advantage of the benefits of each detection band capabilities . Contrary to misconceptions portrayed in the media , thermal imagers can not ' see ' through solid objects ( walls for example ) , nor can they see through glass or perspex as both these materials have their own thermal signature and are opaque to long wave infrared radiation .
Cinema of the Philippines
In 1905 , Herbert Wyndham , shot scenes at the Manila Fire Department ; Albert Yearsly shot the Rizal Day Celebration in Luneta 1909 ; in 1910 , the Manila Carnival ; in 1911 , the Eruption of Mayon Volcano ; the first Airplane Flight Over Manila by Bud Mars and the Fires of Tondo , Pandacan and Paco ; and , in 1912 , the Departure of the Igorots to Barcelona and the Typhoon in Cebu . These novelty films , however , did not capture the hearts of the audience because they were about the foreigners .