vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Pluto (mythology)
The name Pluto for the classical ruler of the underworld was further established in English literature by Arthur Golding , whose translation of Ovid 's Metamorphoses ( 1565 ) was of great influence on William Shakespeare , Christopher Marlowe , and Edmund Spenser . Golding translates Ovid 's Dis as Pluto , a practice that prevails among English translators , despite John Milton 's use of the Latin Dis in Paradise Lost . The Christian perception of the classical underworld as Hell influenced Golding 's translation practices ; for instance , Ovid 's tenebrosa sede tyrannus / exierat ( `` the tyrant ( Dis ) had gone out of his shadowy realm '' ) becomes `` the prince of fiends forsook his darksome hole '' .
Anthony Eden
Eden was heavily influenced by Stanley Baldwin when he first entered Parliament . After earlier combative beginnings , he cultivated a low - key speaking style which relied heavily on rational argument and consensus - building rather than rhetoric and party point - scoring , and which was often highly effective in the House of Commons . However , he was not always an effective public speaker , and his parliamentary performances sometimes disappointed many of his followers , e.g. , after Eden 's resignation from Chamberlain 's government . Churchill once even commented on one of Eden 's speeches that the latter had used every cliché except `` God is love '' . This was deliberate : Eden often struck out original phrases from speech drafts and replaced them with clichés .
Lake District
The Lake District , also known as the Lakes or Lakeland , is a mountainous region in North West England . A popular holiday destination , it is famous for its lakes , forests and mountains ( or fells ) , and its associations with William Wordsworth and other Lake Poets and also with Beatrix Potter and John Ruskin . The National Park was established in 1951 and covers an area of 2,362 square kilometres . It was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2017 .
Brontë family
Patrick Branwell was born in Thornton on 26 June 1817 . Known as Branwell , he was a painter , writer and casual worker . He became addicted to alcohol and laudanum and died at Haworth on 24 September 1848 at the age of 31 .
Humanism
Eliot and her circle , who included her companion George Henry Lewes ( the biographer of Goethe ) and the abolitionist and social theorist Harriet Martineau , were much influenced by the positivism of Auguste Comte , whom Martineau had translated . Comte had proposed an atheistic culte founded on human principles -- a secular Religion of Humanity ( which worshiped the dead , since most humans who have ever lived are dead ) , complete with holidays and liturgy , modeled on the rituals of what was seen as a discredited and dilapidated Catholicism . Although Comte 's English followers , like Eliot and Martineau , for the most part rejected the full gloomy panoply of his system , they liked the idea of a religion of humanity . Comte 's austere vision of the universe , his injunction to `` vivre pour altrui '' ( `` live for others '' , from which comes the word `` altruism '' ) , and his idealisation of women inform the works of Victorian novelists and poets from George Eliot and Matthew Arnold to Thomas Hardy .
E. E. Cummings
Edward Estlin `` E.E. '' Cummings ( October 14 , 1894 -- September 3 , 1962 ) , often styled as e e cummings , as he sometimes signed his name , was an American poet , painter , essayist , author , and playwright . He wrote approximately 2900 poems , two autobiographical novels , four plays , and several essays .
E. E. Cummings
According to his testimony in EIMI , Cummings had little interest in politics until his trip to the Soviet Union in 1931 , after which he shifted rightward on many political and social issues . Despite his radical and bohemian public image , he was a Republican , and later , an ardent supporter of Joseph McCarthy .
E. E. Cummings
Cummings was married briefly twice , first to Elaine Orr , then to Anne Minnerly Barton . His longest relationship lasted more than three decades , a common - law marriage to Marion Morehouse .
E. E. Cummings
Edward Estlin Cummings was born on October 14 , 1894 , in Cambridge , Massachusetts to Edward Cummings and the former Rebecca Haswell Clarke , a well - known Unitarian couple in the city . His father was a professor at Harvard University and later became nationally known as the minister of South Congregational Church in Boston , Massachusetts . His mother , who loved to spend time with her children , played games with Cummings and his sister , Elizabeth . From an early age , Cummings 's parents supported his creative gifts . Cummings wrote poems and also drew as a child , and he often played outdoors with the many other children who lived in his neighborhood . He grew up in the company of such family friends as the philosophers William James and Josiah Royce . Many of Cummings ' summers were spent on Silver Lake in Madison , New Hampshire , where his father had built two houses along the eastern shore . The family ultimately purchased the nearby Joy Farm where Cummings had his primary summer residence .
E. E. Cummings
E.E. Cummings E.E. Cummings in 1953 Edward Estlin Cummings ( 1894 - 10 - 14 ) October 14 , 1894 Cambridge , Massachusetts , U.S. September 3 , 1962 ( 1962 - 09 - 03 ) ( aged 67 ) Madison , New Hampshire , U.S. Cause of death Stroke Occupation Author Signature
E. E. Cummings
In 1934 , after his separation from his second wife , Cummings met Marion Morehouse , a fashion model and photographer . Although it is not clear whether the two were ever formally married , Morehouse lived with Cummings in a common - law marriage until his death in 1962 . She died on May 18 , 1969 , while living at 4 Patchin Place , Greenwich Village , New York City , where Cummings had resided since September 1924 .
E. E. Cummings
Cummings spent the last decade of his life traveling , fulfilling speaking engagements , and spending time at his summer home , Joy Farm , in Silver Lake , New Hampshire . He died of a stroke on September 3 , 1962 , at the age of 67 in North Conway , New Hampshire at the Memorial Hospital .
E. E. Cummings
Cummings 's first marriage , to Elaine Orr , began as a love affair in 1918 while she was still married to Scofield Thayer , one of Cummings 's friends from Harvard . During this time he wrote a good deal of his erotic poetry . After divorcing Thayer , Elaine married Cummings on March 19 , 1924 . The couple had a daughter together out of wedlock . However , the couple separated after two months of marriage and divorced less than nine months later .
E. E. Cummings
During his lifetime , Cummings received numerous awards in recognition of his work , including :
E. E. Cummings
During his lifetime , Cummings published four plays . HIM , a three - act play , was first produced in 1928 by the Provincetown Players in New York City . The production was directed by James Light . The play 's main characters are `` Him '' , a playwright , and `` Me '' , his girlfriend .
E. E. Cummings
During the rest of the 1920s and 1930s , Cummings returned to Paris a number of times , and traveled throughout Europe , meeting , among others , artist Pablo Picasso . In 1931 Cummings traveled to the Soviet Union , recounting his experiences in Eimi , published two years later . During these years Cummings also traveled to Northern Africa and Mexico . He worked as an essayist and portrait artist for Vanity Fair magazine ( 1924 -- 1927 ) .
E. E. Cummings
In the 1930s Samuel Aiwaz Jacobs was Cummings ' publisher ; he had started the Golden Eagle Press after working as a typographer and publisher .
E. E. Cummings
Tom , A Ballet is a ballet based on Uncle Tom 's Cabin . The ballet is detailed in a `` synopsis '' as well as descriptions of four `` episodes '' , which were published by Cummings in 1935 . It has never been performed .
E. E. Cummings
In 1952 , his alma mater , Harvard University , awarded Cummings an honorary seat as a guest professor . The Charles Eliot Norton Lectures he gave in 1952 and 1955 were later collected as i : six nonlectures .
E. E. Cummings
Cummings married his second wife Anne Minnerly Barton on May 1 , 1929 , and they separated three years later in 1932 . That same year , Anne obtained a Mexican divorce ; it was not officially recognized in the United States until August 1934 . Anne died in 1970 aged 72 .
E. E. Cummings
Buffalo Bill 's defunct who used to ride a watersmooth - silver stallion and break onetwothreefourfive pigeonsjustlikethat Jesus he was a handsome man and what i want to know is how do you like your blueeyed boy Mister Death From
E. E. Cummings
Cummings returned to the United States on New Year 's Day 1918 . Later in 1918 he was drafted into the army . He served in the 12th Division at Camp Devens , Massachusetts , until November 1918 .
E. E. Cummings
Cummings 's publishers and others have often echoed the unconventional orthography in his poetry by writing his name in lowercase and without periods ( full stops ) , but normal orthography for his name ( uppercase and periods ) is supported by scholarship and preferred by publishers today . Cummings himself used both the lowercase and capitalized versions , though he most often signed his name with capitals .
E. E. Cummings
Cummings 's papers are held at the Houghton Library at Harvard University and the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas at Austin .
E. E. Cummings
In 1926 , Cummings 's parents were in a car accident ; only his mother survived , although she was severely injured . Cummings later described the accident in the following passage from his i : six nonlectures series given at Harvard ( as part of the Charles Eliot Norton Lectures ) in 1952 and 1953 :
E. E. Cummings
During their service in the ambulance corps , the two young writers sent letters home that drew the attention of the military censors . They were known to prefer the company of French soldiers over fellow ambulance drivers . The two openly expressed anti-war views ; Cummings spoke of his lack of hatred for the Germans . On September 21 , 1917 , five months after starting his belated assignment , Cummings and a friend , William Slater Brown , were arrested by the French military on suspicion of espionage and undesirable activities . They were held for 31⁄2 months in a military detention camp at the Dépôt de Triage , in La Ferté - Macé , Orne , Normandy .
E. E. Cummings
In 1917 , with the First World War ongoing in Europe , Cummings enlisted in the Norton - Harjes Ambulance Corps , along with his college friend John Dos Passos . Due to an administrative mix - up , Cummings was not assigned to an ambulance unit for five weeks , during which time he stayed in Paris . He fell in love with the city , to which he would return throughout his life .
E. E. Cummings
The use of lowercase for his initials was popularized in part by the title of some books , particularly in the 1960s , printing his name in lower case on the cover and spine . In the preface to E.E. Cummings : The Growth of a Writer by Norman Friedman , critic Harry T. Moore notes Cummings `` had his name put legally into lower case , and in his later books the titles and his name were always in lower case . '' According to Cummings 's widow , however , this is incorrect . She wrote to Friedman : `` You should not have allowed H. Moore to make such a stupid & childish statement about Cummings & his signature . '' On February 27 , 1951 , Cummings wrote to his French translator D. Jon Grossman that he preferred the use of upper case for the particular edition they were working on . One Cummings scholar believes that on the rare occasions that Cummings signed his name in all lowercase , he may have intended it as a gesture of humility , not as an indication that it was the preferred orthography for others to use .
E. E. Cummings
A locomotive cut the car in half , killing my father instantly . When two brakemen jumped from the halted train , they saw a woman standing -- dazed but erect -- beside a mangled machine ; with blood spouting ( as the older said to me ) out of her head . One of her hands ( the younger added ) kept feeling her dress , as if trying to discover why it was wet . These men took my sixty - six year old mother by the arms and tried to lead her toward a nearby farmhouse ; but she threw them off , strode straight to my father 's body , and directed a group of scared spectators to cover him . When this had been done ( and only then ) she let them lead her away .
E. E. Cummings
He also sometimes included ethnic slurs in his writing . For instance , in his 1950 collection Xaipe : Seventy - One Poems , Cummings published two poems containing words that caused outrage in some quarters .
E. E. Cummings
Many of Cummings ' poems are satirical and address social issues but have an equal or even stronger bias toward romanticism : time and again his poems celebrate love , sex , and the season of rebirth .
E. E. Cummings
Anthropos , or the Future of Art is a short , one - act play that Cummings contributed to the anthology Whither , Whither or After Sex , What ? A Symposium to End Symposium . The play consists of dialogue between Man , the main character , and three `` infrahumans '' , or inferior beings . The word anthropos is the Greek word for `` man '' , in the sense of `` mankind '' .
E. E. Cummings
Relax and give the play a chance to strut its stuff -- relax , stop wondering what it is all ' about ' -- like many strange and familiar things , Life included , this play is n't ' about , ' it simply is ... Do n't try to enjoy it , let it try to enjoy you . DON 'T TRY TO UNDERSTAND IT , LET IT TRY TO UNDERSTAND YOU . ''
E. E. Cummings
anyone lived in a pretty how town ( with up so floating many bells down ) spring summer autumn winter he sang his did n't he danced his did Women and men ( both little and small ) cared for anyone not at all they sowed their is n't they reaped their same sun moon stars rain From
E. E. Cummings
HE IS GOOD NOW , IT IS NOT GOOD TO SEE IT RAIN , FATHER DEAR IS , IT , DEAR , NO FATHER DEAR , LOVE , YOU DEAR , ESTLIN
E. E. Cummings
a kike is the most dangerous machine as yet invented by even yankee ingenu ity ( out of a jew a few dead dollars and some twisted laws ) it comes both prigged and canted
E. E. Cummings
i thank You God for most this amazing day : for the leaping greenly spirits of trees and a blue true dream of sky ; and for everything which is natural which is infinite which is yes From
Cakewalk
`` Cakewalk King '' Charles E. Johnson , who , with his wife Dora Jean , achieved fame cakewalking throughout the United States and Europe described his kind of dance as `` simple , dignified and well - dressed '' .
E. E. Cummings
Dial Award ( 1925 ) Guggenheim Fellowship ( 1933 ) Shelley Memorial Award for Poetry ( 1944 ) Harriet Monroe Prize from Poetry magazine ( 1950 ) Fellowship of American Academy of Poets ( 1950 ) Guggenheim Fellowship ( 1951 ) Charles Eliot Norton Professorship at Harvard ( 1952 -- 1953 ) Special citation from the National Book Award Committee for his Poems , 1923 -- 1954 ( 1957 ) Bollingen Prize in Poetry ( 1958 ) Boston Arts Festival Award ( 1957 ) Two - year Ford Foundation grant of $15,000 ( 1959 )
E. E. Cummings
one day a nigger caught in his hand a little star no bigger than not to understand `` i 'll never let you go until you 've made me white '' so she did and now stars shine at night .
Scooby-Doo! Mystery Incorporated
In addition to the traditional cases they always solve , the team finds itself being nudged into the uncovering of a dark secret that is hidden in the past of Crystal Cove . Following cryptic hints from a faceless mystery - man known only as `` Mr. E . '' ( a play on `` mystery '' ) , the gang unearths the legend of a cursed Conquistador treasure , the secret history of Crystal Cove 's founding Darrow Family , and the mysterious , unsolved disappearance of four mystery - solving youths and their pet bird -- the original Mystery Incorporated . Standing in the way of solving this mystery , however , there are the romantic entanglements pulling the kids apart : Shaggy finds himself unable to put his new romance with Velma ahead of his longtime friendship with Scooby , while Daphne pines for a trap - obsessed Fred , who obliviously struggles to realize he shares her feelings , too .
Phryne Fisher
Cecil Yates , known as ' Cec ' and Albert Johnson , known as ' Bert ' together run and operate a taxi cab in Melbourne , Australia . Phryne Fisher first meets them when her ship docks at Melbourne , and they transport her luggage as well as Dr. Elizabeth Macmillan 's to their respective hotels . Cec is described as being tall and blonde - haired , with brown eyes and a taciturn , quiet manner . Bert , on the other hand , is short , darker and older than Cec , as well as more voluble . Cec and Bert are both described as ' red - raggers ' i.e. Communists . Cec , in particular , is a gifted navigator with a keen memory for the streets of Melbourne , and is also described as having a soft spot for any animal or person in trouble . Cec and Bert eventually join Phryne as investigative assistants . Phryne Fisher pays them enough money to enable them to buy a new taxi to replace their old one .
E. E. Cummings
He expressed transcendental leanings his entire life . As he matured , Cummings moved to an `` I , Thou '' relationship with God . His journals are replete with references to `` le bon Dieu , '' as well as prayers for inspiration in his poetry and artwork ( such as `` Bon Dieu ! may I some day do something truly great . amen . '' ) . Cummings `` also prayed for strength to be his essential self ( ' may I be I is the only prayer -- not may I be great or good or beautiful or wise or strong ' ) , and for relief of spirit in times of depression ( ' almighty God ! I thank thee for my soul ; & may I never die spiritually into a mere mind through disease of loneliness ' ) . ''
E. E. Cummings
Friends begged Cummings to reconsider publishing these poems , and the book 's editor pleaded with him to withdraw them , but he insisted that they stay . All the fuss perplexed him . The poems were commenting on prejudice , he pointed out , and not condoning it . He intended to show how derogatory words cause people to see others in terms of stereotypes rather than as individuals . `` America ( which turns Hungarian into ' hunky ' & Irishman into ' mick ' and Norwegian into ' square - head ' ) is to blame for ' kike , ' '' he said .
Incandescent light bulb
US Department of Energy research at Sandia National Laboratories initially indicated the potential for dramatically improved efficiency from a photonic lattice filament . However , later work indicated that initially promising results were in error .
Quantum mechanics
Among the first to study quantum phenomena in nature were Arthur Compton , C.V. Raman , and Pieter Zeeman , each of whom has a quantum effect named after him . Robert Andrews Millikan studied the photoelectric effect experimentally , and Albert Einstein developed a theory for it . At the same time , Ernest Rutherford experimentally discovered the nuclear model of the atom , for which Niels Bohr developed his theory of the atomic structure , which was later confirmed by the experiments of Henry Moseley . In 1913 , Peter Debye extended Niels Bohr 's theory of atomic structure , introducing elliptical orbits , a concept also introduced by Arnold Sommerfeld . This phase is known as old quantum theory .
Eduard Khil
His name is connected to an era in the history of Russian music . Eduard Khil was unique in his extraordinary charm and lyricism , and constant in his professionalism , vocal culture and creative taste . Many of the songs he performed became part of the golden fund of the Russian stage .
List of Ed, Edd n Eddy characters
Like the other two Eds , Edd 's personality is largely based upon series creator Danny Antonucci , who has said `` there 's my Edd side , neurotic , analytical , must be organized . Also if Eddy and Ed ( single D ) were not around , Edd would be happy with his own company , something that works for me too . '' Antonucci has also explained that the habit of Double Dee 's parents to communicate with him through sticky notes was based on a habit of his own parents .
Ernest Darby
Darby was arrested for questioning about the shootings . He was hit by the police chief Wayne Unser , after making a derisive remark about Unser 's brown wife . Clay Morrow , who was also in the station for questioning , told him not to retaliate against the Mayans because it would start a war on the streets of Charming .
Agatha Christie
In 1993 , Hicks founded the Agatha Christie Society and became its first president . In 2004 her obituary in The Telegraph commented that Hicks had been `` determined to remain true to her mother 's vision and to protect the integrity of her creations '' and disapproved of `` merchandising '' activities . Upon Hicks 's death on 28 October 2004 , both this and the Greenway Estate passed to Christie 's grandson , Mathew Prichard . After his parents ' deaths , Prichard donated Greenway -- both the house and its contents -- to the National Trust .
List of Ed, Edd n Eddy characters
Eddy ( Tony Sampson ) is the self - appointed leader of the Eds . He is arrogant , selfish , loud - mouthed , immature , greedy , and hot - tempered . He loves money , jawbreakers ( which he likes to spend his ill - earned money on ) , dirty magazines ( as hinted in `` Luck of the Ed '' ) , his room , and Chunky Puffs . Eddy ordinarily comes up with the plans for scamming people , but they usually fail , much to his frustration . Eddy will often , especially in the early seasons , slack off by suntanning or drinking a soda while his fellow Eds do all the work . His prized possessions include his magazines , king - sized bed , and disco ball . He also has a Barry White album and is a fan of Tom Jones . Eddy is the shortest of the Eds and takes this very seriously , hating the thought of people calling him short , suggesting he may have a Napoleon complex . Eddy sometimes boasts about his older brother and uses this to his advantage to gain respect . Like Kevin , Eddy can be cruel and acerbic , with a tendency to tease his peers , but deep down , Eddy only wants to be liked by everyone .
List of Ed, Edd n Eddy characters
Ed is kindhearted , good - natured , and has a positive attitude towards almost everything and everyone , even to those who are not accommodating to him . He cares about the welfare of the other two Eds . He often sacrifices himself for his two best friends , the other cul - de-sac children , and even Sarah , for whom he cares deeply , though she treats him badly . He is absentminded and naive , making him the perfect candidate to help Eddy with his scams , as Ed hardly ever questions them . Even so , Ed never feels abused by Eddy .
History of United States prison systems
Phrenology also became a popular `` science '' among prison officials ; at the height of the study 's popularity , the influential Reconstruction Era matron of Sing Sing Prison , Elizabeth W. Farnham , was one of its adherents , and officials at Eastern State Penitentiary maintained phrenological data on all inmates during the post-war years .
Ed Whitlock
Ed Whitlock ( March 6 , 1931 -- March 13 , 2017 ) was an English - born Canadian long - distance runner , and the first person over 70 years old to run a marathon in less than three hours with a time of 2 : 59 : 10 in 2003 .
Dear Evan Hansen
The musical tells the story of Evan Hansen , a high school senior with severe social anxiety , which inhibits his ability to connect with other people and make friends . After the suicide of one of his classmates , he fabricates a lie that inadvertently brings him closer to the classmate 's family , while also allowing him to gain his own sense of purpose .