vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Medical glove
To facilitate donning of gloves , powders have been used as lubricants . Early powders derived from pines or club moss were found to be toxic . Talcum powder was used for decades but linked to postoperative granuloma and scar formation . Corn starch , another agent used as lubricant , was also found to have potential side effects such as inflammatory reactions and granuloma and scar formation .
Nutella
In 1963 , Ferrero 's son Michele Ferrero revamped Supercrema with the intention of marketing it throughout Europe . Its composition was modified and it was renamed `` Nutella '' . The first jar of Nutella left the factory in Alba on April 20 , 1964 . The product was an instant success and remains widely popular .
History of McDonald's
There were further black eyes as well . McDonald 's was sued in 2001 after it was revealed that for flavoring purposes a small amount of beef extract was being added to the vegetable oil used to cook the french fries . The company had cooked its fries in beef tallow until 1990 , when it began claiming in ads that it used 100 percent vegetable oil . McDonald 's soon apologized for any `` confusion '' that had been caused by its use of the beef flavoring , and in mid-2002 it reached a settlement in the litigation , agreeing to donate $10 million to Hindu , vegetarian , and other affected groups . Also in 2001 , further embarrassment came when 51 people were charged with conspiring to rig McDonald 's game promotions over the course of several years . It was revealed that $24 million of winning McDonald 's game tickets had been stolen as part of the scam . McDonald 's was not implicated in the scheme , which centered on a worker at an outside company that had administered the promotions .
Metrication in the United Kingdom
By the beginning of 1980 , 95 % of the `` basic shopping basket '' of foods were sold in metric quantities , with only a few products not being sold in prescribed metric quantities . The final report of the Metrication Board catalogues dried vegetables , dried fruit , flour and flour products , oat products , cocoa and chocolate powder , margarine , instant coffee , pasta , biscuits , bread , sugar , corn flakes , salt , white fats , dripping and shredded suet as being sold by prescribed metric quantities while no agreement had been reached with the industry regarding jam , marmalade , honey , jelly preserves , syrup , cereal grain and starches .
Tea culture
The tea is said to cure headaches , stomach problems , and stress , among many other ailments . The tea set is commonly decorated with an East Friesian Rose design . As a guest , it is considered impolite to drink fewer than three cups of tea . Placing your cup upside down on the saucer or your spoon in the cup signals that you are finished and want no more tea .
Tree of life
The sacred plant haoma and the drink made from it . The preparation of the drink from the plant by pounding and the drinking of it are central features of Zoroastrian ritual . Haoma is also personified as a divinity . It bestows essential vital qualities -- health , fertility , husbands for maidens , even immortality . The source of the earthly haoma plant is a shining white tree that grows on a paradisiacal mountain . Sprigs of this white haoma were brought to earth by divine birds .
Cocoa butter
Some food manufacturers substitute less expensive materials such as vegetable oils and fats in place of cocoa butter . Several analytical methods exist for testing for diluted cocoa butter . Adulterated cocoa butter is indicated by its lighter color and its diminished fluorescence upon ultraviolet illumination . Unlike cocoa butter , adulterated fat tends to smear and have a higher non-saponifiable content .
Castoreum
In the United States , the Food and Drug Administration lists castoreum extract as a generally recognized as safe ( GRAS ) food additive . In 1965 , the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association 's GRAS program ( FEMA 2261 and 2262 ) added castoreum extract and castoreum liquid . Product ingredient lists often refer to it simply as a `` natural flavoring . '' While it is mainly used in foods and beverages as part of a substitute vanilla flavor , it is less commonly used as a part of a raspberry or strawberry flavoring . The annual industry consumption is very low , around 300 pounds , whereas vanillin is over 2.6 million pounds annually .
Japanese cuisine
The o - hitashi or hitashi - mono ( おひたし ) is boiled green - leaf vegetables bunched and cut to size , steeped in dashi broth , eaten with dashes of soy sauce . Another item is sunomono ( 酢の物 , `` vinegar item '' ) , which could be made with wakame seaweed , or be something like a kōhaku namasu ( 紅白 な ます , `` red white namasu '' ) made from thin toothpick slices of daikon and carrot . The so - called vinegar that is blended with the ingredient here is often sanbaizu ( 三杯酢 , `` three cupful / spoonful vinegar '' ) which is a blend of vinegar , mirin , and soy sauce . A tosazu ( 土佐 酢 , `` Tosa vinegar '' ) adds katsuo dashi to this . Note sparing use of oil , compared with Western salads .
Salvadoran cuisine
Salvadorans also eat fried crabs and lobsters or fried fish with garlic and lemon . Shrimps are also eaten roasted , al ajillo ( aal - aheejo : means in garlic ) , or in butter . There is also a type of seafood soup called mariscada ( maareescaadaa ) , which contains fish , clams , octopus , squid , shrimp , and crab .
Tapioca balls
In Taiwan , it is more common for people to refer to bubble tea as pearl milk tea ( zhēn zhū nǎi chá , 珍珠 奶茶 ) because originally small 1 / 12 '' tapioca pearls were used . It was only when one tea shop owner -- in an attempt to make his tea stand out -- decided to use larger tapioca balls and chose a more provocative name , `` boba , '' to represent the difference . In Chinese , the word boba , 波霸 , is a combination of a word for bubble and a word for big , which , when found together , is slang for `` big breasts '' or `` buxom lady . '' When used to describe the drink , the characters 波霸 奶茶 directly translate to boba milk tea , and loosely to bubble milk tea . This translation is commonly used by English speakers and refers to the variant with 1 / 4 '' tapioca pearls .
Thar Desert
Prosopis cineraria wood is reported to contain high calorific value and provide high quality fuel wood . The lopped branches are good as fencing material . Its roots also encourage nitrogen fixation , which produces higher crop yields . Tecomella
Dipping tobacco
Extra Long cuts are a little longer than long cut . Wide cuts are long cut , just a little wider . Long cuts are the most widely available cut size . Fine cuts / snuffs are slightly larger than sand or coffee grounds . Pouches hold fine cut or snuff tobacco in a small , teabag - like pouch . They are initially less messy because the tobacco wo n't fall out of the user 's fingers and mouth . Dipping tobacco in pouches resemble snus `` portions '' , but the difference between these two products lies in the way the tobacco is processed . Dipping tobacco ( including pouched products ) undergoes fermentation , whereas tobacco in snus is pasteurized . In addition to regular sized pouches , smaller sized pouches , known as Bandits , are also available in the Skoal brand , Grizzly brand , and Copenhagen brand .
Culture of San Diego
Mexican ( carne asada , street tacos , California burritos , fish tacos , enchiladas , carne asada fries , and ceviche ) Wood - fired , California - style pizza Southeast Asian specialties of all kinds Seafood of all kinds Local wines ( San Pasqual Valley , Rancho Bernardo , Julian ) Locally produced ( from the mountains near Julian ) hard and sweet apple cider and Julian apple pie Various fruits and vegetables ( including avocados , tomatoes , mushrooms , olives , eggplant , oranges , lemons , limes , strawberries , grapefruit , grapes , apples , pomegranates , persimmons , and melons )
Maharashtrian cuisine
Marathi Hindu people fast on this day . Fasting food includes chutney prepared with pulp of the kavath fruit ( Limonia ) .
Olive oil extraction
The decanter is a large capacity horizontal centrifuge rotating approximately 3,000 rpm , the high centrifugal force created allows the phases to be readily separated according to their different densities ( solids > vegetation water > oil ) . Inside the decanter 's rotating conical drum there is a coil that rotates more slowly , pushing the solid materials out of the system . Diagram
Tea culture
In Sri Lanka , usually black tea is served with milk and sugar , but the milk is always warmed . Tea is a hugely popular beverage among the Sri - Lankan people , and part of its land is surrounded by the many hills of tea plantations that spread for miles . Drinking tea has become part of the culture of Sri Lanka and it is customary to offer a cup of tea to guests . Many working Sri Lankans are used to having a mid-morning cup of tea and another in the afternoon . Black tea is sometimes consumed with ginger . In rural areas some people still have their tea with a piece of sweet jaggery
Angular cheilitis
Habits or conditions that keep the corners of the mouth moist might include chronic lip licking , thumb sucking ( or sucking on other objects such as pens , pipes , lollipops ) , dental cleaning ( e.g. flossing ) , chewing gum , hypersalivation , drooling and mouth breathing . Some consider habitual lip licking or picking to be a form of nervous tic , and do not consider this to be true angular cheilitis , instead calling it perlèche ( derived from the French word pourlècher meaning `` to lick one 's lips '' ) , or `` factitious cheilitis '' is applied to this habit . The term `` cheilocandidiasis '' describes exfoliative ( flaking ) lesions of the lips and the skin around the lips , and is caused by a superficial candidal infection due to chronic lip licking . Less severe cases occur during cold , dry weather , and is a form of chapped lips . Individuals may lick their lips in an attempt to provide a temporary moment of relief , only serving to worsen the condition .
Libya
A very common snack eaten by Libyans is known as khubs bi ' tun , literally meaning `` bread with tuna fish '' , usually served as a baked baguette or pita bread stuffed with tuna fish that has been mixed with harissa ( chili sauce ) and olive oil . Many snack vendors prepare these sandwiches and they can be found all over Libya . Libyan restaurants may serve international cuisine , or may serve simpler fare such as lamb , chicken , vegetable stew , potatoes and macaroni . Due to severe lack of infrastructure , many under - developed areas and small towns do not have restaurants and instead food stores may be the only source to obtain food products . Alcohol consumption is illegal in the entire country .
Alaska
Hunting for subsistence , primarily caribou , moose , and Dall sheep is still common in the state , particularly in remote Bush communities . An example of a traditional native food is Akutaq , the Eskimo ice cream , which can consist of reindeer fat , seal oil , dried fish meat and local berries .
Mars, Incorporated
ADVANCE ( Australia and New Zealand only ) Aquarium Pharmaceuticals Buckeye Nutrition Cesar Chappi Dreamies Eukanuba Exelpet Frolic Good - o Greenies Iams James Wellbeloved Kit - e-kat My Dog Natura Nutro Products Pedigree Optimum Pill Pockets Royal Canin Schmackos Sheba Spillers Teasers Techni - Cal Whiskas Winergy Wisdom Panel MX Mixed Breed DNA Test
Drink can
In South Korea 250 ml cans are the most common for soft drinks . However , when accompanying take out food ( such as pizza or chicken ) , a short 245 ml can is standard . Recently , some 355 ml cans which are similar to North American cans are increasingly available , but limited mostly to Coca - Cola and Dr Pepper . Finally , beer cans also come in 500 ml forms .
Water buffalo
Water buffalo milk presents physicochemical features different from that of other ruminant species , such as a higher content of fatty acids and proteins . The physical and chemical parameters of swamp and river type water buffalo milk differ . Water buffalo milk contains higher levels of total solids , crude protein , fat , calcium , and phosphorus , and slightly higher content of lactose compared with those of cow milk . The high level of total solids makes water buffalo milk ideal for processing into value - added dairy products such as cheese . The conjugated linoleic acid ( CLA ) content in milk ranged from 4.4 mg / g fat in September to 7.6 mg / g fat in June . Seasons and genetics may play a role in variation of CLA level and changes in gross composition of the water buffalo milk .
Maharashtrian cuisine
Wheat flatbread such as chapati or ghadichi poli Boiled rice Salad or koshimbir based on onions , tomatoes or cucumber Papadum or related snacks such as sandge , kurdaya and sabudana papdya Dry or fresh chutney , mango or lemon pickles Aamti or varan soup based on toor dal , other dals or kadhi . When usal is part of the menu , the aamti may be omitted . Vegetables with gravy based on seasonal availability such as egg plants , okra , potatoes , or cauliflower Dry leafy vegetables such as spinach Usal based on sprouted or unsprouted whole legumes
Salvadoran cuisine
Salvadoran desserts include pan dulce , semita , Salvadoran quesadilla ( a type of cheese - based pastry , similar to the Honduran rosquillo and unrelated to the Mexican quesadilla ) , torta de yema , marquezote , salpores , poleada ( vanilla custard ) , arroz con leche ( rice pudding ) , atol de elote , atol de piña , empanadas de platano ( plantain patties ) , and many others . The dulce de leche of El Salvador has a soft , crumbly texture , with an almost crystallized form . Fruits are widely consumed , the most popular being mangoes , coconuts , papayas , and bananas . Sometimes fruit with ice cream and cinnamon sprinkled on top is served .
Digestive enzyme
lingual lipase : Lipid digestion initiates in the mouth . Lingual lipase starts the digestion of the lipids / fats . Salivary amylase : Carbohydrate digestion also initiates in the mouth . Amylase , produced by the salivary glands , breaks complex carbohydrates to smaller chains , or even simple sugars . It is sometimes referred to as ptyalin . lysozyme : Considering that food contains more than just essential nutrients , e.g. bacteria or viruses , the lysozome offers a limited and non-specific , yet beneficial antiseptic function in digestion .
Venezuela
The Venezuelan cuisine , one of the most varied in the region , reflects the climatic contrasts and cultures coexisting in Venezuela . Among them are hallaca , pabellón criollo , arepas , empanadas , pisca andina , tarkarí de chivo , jalea de mango , patacón , and fried camiguanas .
Mercury in fish
Elemental mercury often comes from coal power plants , and oxidized mercury often comes from incinerators . Oil - fired power plants also contribute mercury to the environment . The energy industry therefore is a key player in the introduction of mercury into the environment . When addressing the issue of reducing seafood mercury bioaccumulation on a global scale , it is important to pinpoint major energy producers and consumers whose exchange of energy may be the root of the problem .
Cell nucleus
Clastosomes are small nuclear bodies ( 0.2 - 0.5 m ) described as donut shaped due to the peripheral capsule around these bodies . Clastosomes are not typically present in normal cells , making them hard to detect . They form under high proteolysis conditions within the nucleus and degrade once there is a decrease . Osmotic stress has also been shown to cause the formation of clastosomes .
Coal
Finely ground bituminous coal , known in this application as sea coal , is a constituent of foundry sand . While the molten metal is in the mould , the coal burns slowly , releasing reducing gases at pressure , and so preventing the metal from penetrating the pores of the sand . It is also contained in ' mould wash ' , a paste or liquid with the same function applied to the mould before casting . Sea coal can be mixed with the clay lining ( the `` bod '' ) used for the bottom of a cupola furnace . When heated , the coal decomposes and the bod becomes slightly friable , easing the process of breaking open holes for tapping the molten metal .
Retail design
Retail design is a creative and commercial discipline that combines several different areas of expertise together in the design and construction of retail space . Retail design is primarily a specialized practice of architecture and interior design , however it also incorporates elements of interior decoration , industrial design , graphic design , ergonomics , and advertising .
Economy of Mexico
Mexico has a MXN 4.027 billion retail sector ( 2013 , about 300m USD at the 2013 exchange rate ) including an estimated $12 billion USD ( 2015 ) in e-commerce . The largest retailer is WalMart , while the largest Mexico - based retailers are Soriana super / hypermarkets , FEMSA incl . its OXXO convenience stores , Coppel ( department store ) , Liverpool department stores , Chedraui super / hypermarkets , and Comercial Mexicana super / hypermarkets .
Health insurance in India
The health insurance sector hovers around 10 % in density calculations . One of the main reasons for the low penetration and coverage of health insurance is the lack of competition in the sector . The Insurance Regulatory and Developement Authority of India ( IRDA ) which is responsible for insurance policies in India can create health circles , similar to telecom circles to promote competition .
Sales taxes in the United States
The definition of retail sales and what goods and services are taxable vary among the states . Nearly all jurisdictions provide numerous categories of goods and services that are exempt from sales tax , or taxed at reduced rates . The purchase of goods for further manufacture or for resale is uniformly exempt from sales tax . Most jurisdictions exempt food sold in grocery stores , prescription medications , and many agricultural supplies .
Retail design
Retail design is a very specialized discipline due to the heavy demands placed on retail space . Because the primary purpose of retail space is to stock and sell product to consumers , the spaces must be designed in a way that promotes an enjoyable and hassle - free shopping experience for the consumer . For example , research shows that male and female shoppers who were accidentally touched from behind by other shoppers left a store earlier than people who had not been touched and evaluated brands more negatively . The space must be specially - tailored to the kind of product being sold in that space ; for example , a bookstore requires many large shelving units to accommodate small products that can be arranged categorically while a clothing store requires more open space to fully display product .
India
According to the Worldwide Cost of Living Report 2017 released by the Economist Intelligence Unit ( EIU ) which was created by comparing more than 400 individual prices across 160 products and services , four of the cheapest cities were in India : Bangalore ( 3rd ) , Mumbai ( 5th ) , Chennai ( 5th ) and New Delhi ( 8th ) .
Forestry in India
According to those who critique the ecological awareness and similar theories , Chipko had nothing to do with protecting forests , rather it was an economic struggle using the traditional Indian way of non-violence . These scientists point out that very little is left of the Chipko movements today in its region of origin save for its memory , even though the quality of forests and its use remains a critical issue for India . To explain the cause of Chipko movement , they find that government officials had ignored the subsistence issues of the local communities , who depended on forests for fuel , fodder , fertiliser and sustenance resources . These researchers claim that local interviews and fact finding confirms that local communities had filed complaints requesting the right to commercially exploit the forests around them . Their requests were denied , while permits to fell trees and exploit those same forests were granted to government - favoured non-resident contractors including a sporting company named Symonds . A protest that became Chipko movement followed . The movement grew and Indian government responded by imposing a 15 - year ban on felling all trees above 1000 metres in the region directly as a result of the Chipko agitations . This legislation was deeply resented by many communities supporting Chipko because , the regulation further excluded the local people from the forest around them . Opposition to the legislation resulted in so - called ' Ped Katao Andolan ' in the same region , a movement to cut the trees down in order to defy the new legislation . The people behind Chipko movement felt that the government did not understand or care about their economic situation .
Automotive industry in India
TVS Motor -- Hosur Royal Enfield -- Chennai India Yamaha Motor -- Oragadam , Chennai
Fundamental rights in India
Freedom to practice any profession or to carry on any occupation , trade or business on which the State may impose reasonable restrictions in the interest of the general public . Thus , there is no right to carry on a business which is dangerous or immoral . Also , professional or technical qualifications may be prescribed for practising any profession or carrying on any trade .
Metrication in the United Kingdom
The retail industry proved difficult for the Metrication Board . The sector saw little benefit in metrication -- competition was fierce and margins low . The opinions of the trade organisations with which the Metrication Board could negotiate were fragmented .
Poverty in India
There are several definitions of poverty , and scholars disagree as to which definition is appropriate for India . Inside India , both income - based poverty definition and consumption - based poverty statistics are in use . Outside India , the World Bank and institutions of the United Nations use a broader definition to compare poverty among nations , including India , based on purchasing power parity ( PPP ) , as well as nominal relative basis . Each state in India has its own poverty threshold to determine how many people are below its poverty line and to reflect regional economic conditions . These differences in definition yield a complex and conflicting picture about poverty in India , both internally and when compared to other developing countries of the world .
Education in India
Modern education in India is often criticised for being based on rote learning rather than problem solving . New Indian Express says that Indian Education system seems to be producing zombies since in most of the schools students seemed to be spending majority of their time in preparing for competitive exams rather than learning or playing . BusinessWeek criticises the Indian curriculum , saying it revolves around rote learning and ExpressIndia suggests that students are focused on cramming . Preschool for Child Rights states that almost 99 % of pre-schools do not have any curriculum at all . Also creativity is not encouraged or is considered as a form of entertainment in most institutions .
Economy of India
I can not decide how much to borrow , what shares to issue , at what price , what wages and bonus to pay , and what dividend to give . I even need the government 's permission for the salary I pay to a senior executive . --