vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
List of Olympic Games scandals and controversies
During the 1st tournament for the Women 's Volleyball World Olympic qualification tournament , the match between Japan and Thailand caused controversy over the Thailand team being given two red cards during the final set . Japan finished the tournament third and qualified for the Olympics , while Thailand finished fifth and did not qualify . The FIVB declined to review the match . Islam El Shehaby , an Egyptian , refused to shake hands and bow to his opponent after being defeated by the Israeli Or Sasson . Hope Solo of the US Soccer Team generated controversy after making comments that the Swedish Soccer Team , who had defeated the US in the quarterfinals , were ' cowards ' because they had chosen a defensive posture during the match . Four U.S. swimmers , Ryan Lochte , Jimmy Feigen , Gunnar Bentz , and Jack Conger , allegedly vandalized a gas station bathroom , and were forced to pay for the damage by two security men who brandished a gun at the swimmers before a translator arrived . The swimmers later claimed to have been pulled over and robbed by a gunman or gunmen wearing police uniforms . The Federal Police of Brazil detained Feigen , Bentz , and Conger ( Lochte having already left the country ) after it was determined that the swimmers had made false reports to the police of being robbed . All of the swimmers involved would receive various punishments and suspensions relating to their conduct during the incident . During the Weightlifting tournament , Iran 's Behdad Salimi broke the world record in the snatch weightlifting of the Men 's over 105 - kilogram class , but was later disqualified in the clean and jerk stage following a controversial decision by the jury . The Iranian National Olympic Committee filed an appeal to the Court of Arbitration for Sport ( CAS ) against the International Weightlifting Federation ( IWF ) , and the IWF 's website was hacked by protestors . The CAS dismissed the appeal due to a lack of evidence that the disqualification was made or applied in bad faith . Nine Australian athletes had their passports seized by Brazilian police and were fined R $10,000 ( US $3,000 ) after it was revealed they had falsified their credentials in order to watch a basketball game between Serbia and Australia .
2018 FIFA World Cup
Kaliningrad : Kaliningrad Stadium . The first piles were driven into the ground in September 2015 . On 11 April 2018 the new stadium hosted its first match . Kazan : Kazan Arena . The stadium was built for the 2013 Summer Universiade . It has since hosted the 2015 World Aquatics Championship and the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup . The stadium serves as a home arena to FC Rubin Kazan . Moscow : Luzhniki Stadium . The largest stadium in the country was closed for renovation in 2013 . The stadium was commissioned in November 2017 . Moscow : Spartak Stadium . The stadium is a home arena to its namesake FC Spartak Moscow . In accordance with the FIFA requirements , during the 2018 World Cup it is called Spartak Stadium instead of its usual name Otkritie Arena . The stadium hosted its first match on 5 September 2014 . Nizhny Novgorod : Nizhny Novgorod Stadium . The construction of the Nizhny Novgorod Stadium commenced in 2015 . The project was completed in December 2017 . Rostov - on - Don : Rostov Arena . The stadium is located on the left bank of the Don River . The stadium construction was completed on 22 December 2017 . Saint Petersburg : Saint Petersburg Stadium . The construction of the stadium commenced in 2007 . The project was officially completed on 29 December 2016 . The stadium has hosted games of the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup and will serve as a venue for UEFA Euro 2020 . Samara : Samara Arena . The construction officially started on 21 July 2014 . The project was completed on 21 April 2018 . Saransk : Mordovia Arena . The stadium in Saransk was scheduled to be commissioned in 2012 in time for the opening of the all - Russian Spartakiad , but the plan was revised . The opening was rescheduled to 2017 . The arena hosted its first match on 21 April 2018 . Sochi : Fisht Stadium . The stadium hosted the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2014 Winter Olympics . Afterwards , it was renovated in preparation for the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup and 2018 World Cup . Volgograd : Volgograd Arena . The main arena of Volgograd was built on the demolished Central Stadium site , at the foot of the Mamayev Kurgan memorial complex . The stadium was commissioned on 3 April 2018 . Yekaterinburg : Ekaterinburg Arena . The Central Stadium of Yekaterinburg has been renovated for the FIFA World Cup . The arena 's stands have a capacity of 35,000 spectators . The renovation project was completed in December 2017 .
List of Olympic Games scandals and controversies
The Romanian team doctor who gave her the medication was expelled from the Games and suspended for four years . The gold medal was finally awarded to Răducan 's teammate Simona Amânar , who had obtained silver . Răducan was allowed to keep her other medals , a gold from the team competition and a silver from the vault . Chinese gymnast Dong Fangxiao was stripped of a bronze medal in April 2010 . Investigations by the sport 's governing body ( FIG ) found that she was only 14 at the 2000 Games . ( To be eligible the gymnastic athletes must turn 16 during the Olympic year ) . Dong also lost a sixth - place result in the individual floor exercises and seventh in the vault . FIG recommended the IOC take the medal back as her scores aided China in winning the team bronze . The US women 's team , who had come fourth in the event , then moved up to third ( bronze medal ) .
Lithuania
Lithuania has won a total of 25 medals at the Olympic Games , including 6 gold medals in athletics , modern pentathlon , shooting , and swimming . Numerous other Lithuanians won Olympic medals representing Soviet Union . Discus thrower Virgilijus Alekna is the most successful Olympic athlete of independent Lithuania , having won gold medals in the 2000 Sydney and 2004 Athens games , as well as a bronze in 2008 Beijing Olympics and numerous World Championship medals . More recently , the gold medal won by a then 15 - year - old swimmer Rūta Meilutytė at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London sparked a rise in popularity for the sport in Lithuania . Druskininkai
India
The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna and the Arjuna Award are the highest forms of government recognition for athletic achievement ; the Dronacharya Award is awarded for excellence in coaching .
Stanley Cup
The regulations set down by Lord Stanley call for two Trustees , who had the sole , joint right to govern the Cup and the conditions of its awarding until 1947 , when they ceded control to the NHL . While the original regulations allow for a Trustee to resign , to date , all Cup Trustees have served until their deaths . In the event of a vacancy , the remaining trustee names the replacement for the deceased or resigned Trustee .
Chronology of Stanley Cup engravings
This has not always been the case . When he first donated the Cup in 1892 , one of Lord Stanley of Preston 's original conditions was that each team could , at their own expense , add a ring on the Cup to commemorate their Cup victory ( the first year being an exception ) . Lord Stanley 's original trophy was simply a silver bowl minted with the words `` Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup '' on one side of the outside rim , and `` From Stanley of Preston '' with his family 's coat of arms on the other side .
List of Rugby World Cup finals
The Rugby World Cup is an international rugby union competition established in 1987 . It is contested by the men 's national teams of the member unions of the sport 's governing body , World Rugby , and takes place every four years . The winners of the first final were New Zealand , who beat France 29 -- 9 . They are also the current champions , beating Australia 34 -- 17 in the 2015 final in London . The next Rugby World Cup in 2019 , will be hosted in Japan .
Chronology of Stanley Cup engravings
During the Challenge Cup Era from 1893 -- 1914 , the Stanley Cup was a `` challenge trophy '' ; the champions held onto the Cup until they either lost their league title to another club , or a champion from another league issued a formal challenge and subsequently defeated the reigning Cup champion in a special game or series .
History of tennis
Wightman 's original idea for a worldwide women 's team tournament would bear fruit more than 40 years later in 1962 , when Nell Hopman persuaded the ITF to begin sponsoring such an event . The first Federation Cup was played in 1963 as part of the ITF 's 50th anniversary celebrations ; it involved 16 countries and was played over one week . By the 1990s , over 70 nations competed each year , and regional qualifiers were introduced in 1992 . In 1995 , the ITF introduced a new Davis Cup - style format for the competition and rechristened it the Fed Cup .
America's Cup
The cup was originally awarded in 1851 by the Royal Yacht Squadron for a race around the Isle of Wight in England , which was won by the schooner America . The trophy , originally named the ' £ 100 Cup ' , was renamed the America 's Cup after the yacht and was donated to the New York Yacht Club ( NYYC ) under the terms of the Deed of Gift , which made the cup available for perpetual international competition .
List of Olympic Games scandals and controversies
The North Korean women 's football team delayed their game against Colombia for an hour after the players were introduced on the jumbo screen with the South Korean flag . Greek triple jumper and long jumper Paraskevi Papachristou was expelled by the Greek Olympic Committee after posting a racially insensitive comment on the social media website Twitter . South Korean fencer Shin A-lam lost the semifinal match in the individual épée to Germany 's Britta Heidemann , after a timekeeping error allowed Heidemann to score the winning point before time expired . Shin A-lam had to remain on the piste for over an hour while her appeal was being considered , but the appeal was ultimately rejected and Germany advanced to play for the Gold Medal . Shin A-Lam was offered a consolation medal but declined the offer . In the men 's team artistic gymnastics , Japan was promoted to the silver medal position after successfully lodging an appeal over Kōhei Uchimura 's final pommel horse performance . His fall on the last piece of apparatus had initially relegated the Japanese to fourth , and elevated hosts Great Britain to silver , and Ukraine to bronze . Although the decision to upgrade the Japanese score was greeted with boos in the arena ( where the reasoning for the appeal was not fully known ) , the teams involved accepted the correction . Swiss footballer Michel Morganella was expelled from the Olympics after a racist comment on Twitter about Koreans after Switzerland lost 2 -- 1 to South Korea . In the Men 's Light Fly Gold Medal match between Kaeo Pongprayoon of Thailand and Zou Shiming of China , the Chinese fighter won on a controversial decision . The Thai boxer was hit with a two - point penalty for an unclear offence with 9 seconds left in the bout to give the Chinese boxer the clear advantage in the point system . The crowd showed an unappreciated outcome after the Chinese boxer beat the Thai boxer 13 -- 10 . Zou 's second gold made him the first man to win three medals in the light flyweight . He took bronze at the 2004 Athens Games , Gold in the 2008 Beijing Games and Gold in 2012 London Games .
History of tennis
That same year , tennis withdrew from the Olympics after the 1924 Games but returned 60 years later as a 21 - and - under demonstration event in 1984 . This reinstatement was credited by the efforts by the then ITF President Philippe Chatrier , ITF General Secretary David Gray and ITF Vice President Pablo Llorens , and support from IOC President Juan Antonio Samaranch . The success of the event was overwhelming and the IOC decided to reintroduce tennis as a full medal sport at Seoul in 1988 . The
Curling
The delivery stick was specifically invented for elderly curlers in Canada in 1999 . In early 2016 an international initiative started to allow use of the delivery sticks by players over 60 years of age in World Curling Federation Senior Championships , as well as in any projected Masters ( 60 + ) Championship that develops in the future .
List of Arsenal F.C. records and statistics
Winners ( 13 ) : 1929 -- 30 , 1935 -- 36 , 1949 -- 50 , 1970 -- 71 , 1978 -- 79 , 1992 -- 93 , 1997 -- 98 , 2001 -- 02 , 2002 -- 03 , 2004 -- 05 , 2013 -- 14 , 2014 -- 15 , 2016 -- 17 ( record ) Runners - up ( 7 ) : 1926 -- 27 , 1931 -- 32 , 1951 -- 52 , 1971 -- 72 , 1977 -- 78 , 1979 -- 80 , 2000 -- 01
Obstructing the field
In One Day Internationals , Rameez Raja ( for Pakistan against England at Karachi in 1987 ) was given out for hitting the ball away with his bat to avoid being run out going for his century off the last ball of the innings , and Mohinder Amarnath ( for India against Sri Lanka at Ahmedabad in 1989 ) was given out for kicking the ball away to avoid being run out . Another batsman to be given out this way is Inzamam - ul - Haq of Pakistan in the first ODI of India vs Pakistan Hutch Cup on 6 February 2006 . After Inzamam drove the ball to mid off , Indian Suresh Raina threw it back to the striker 's end , Inzamam stopping it with his bat . Umpire Simon Taufel gave him out as he was in the line of the stumps and out of his crease ( and thus would have been run out had the ball hit the stumps ) .
Wembley Stadium
The first club game , competitive game , and cup final held at the new Wembley took place on 12 May 2007 when Kidderminster Harriers met Stevenage Borough in the FA Trophy final . Kidderminster striker James Constable was the first player to score a goal in a final at the new Wembley . Kidderminster became the first team to play at both the old and new stadium . Stevenage Borough were the first team to win a final at the new Wembley beating Kidderminster 3 -- 2 , despite trailing 2 -- 0 at half time . The first players to play at both the old and new Wembley Stadiums were Steve Guppy ( for Stevenage Borough ) and Jeff Kenna ( for Kidderminster Harriers ) . Ex-England international Guppy was the first player to win a final at both stadia ( with Leicester City , Wycombe Wanderers and Stevenage ) . Ronnie Henry was the first ever player to lift a competitive club trophy at the new Wembley . Tottenham
1998 FIFA World Cup Final
On their way to the final , defending champions Brazil , coached by their former player Mário Zagallo , recorded victories over Scotland ( 2 -- 1 ) and Morocco ( 3 -- 0 ) to top their group with six points from three matches , suffering a surprise 2 -- 1 defeat at the hands of Norway in their final group game . After a 4 -- 1 win over Chile and a 3 -- 2 success against Denmark , they reached the final with a penalty shoot - out victory over the Netherlands . As for France , they won their three group matches and defeated Paraguay in the knockout stages on golden goals . They had a penalty shoot - out with Italy in the quarter - finals , and defeated recently formed Croatia to reach the final .
State of Origin series
Players are selected to represent the Australian state in which they played their first senior rugby league game , hence the name ' state of origin ' . Prior to 1980 players were only selected for interstate matches on the basis of where they were playing their club football at the time . In both 1980 and 1981 there were two interstate matches under the old selection rules and one experimental `` State of Origin '' match . From 1982 onwards a best - of - three match series has been played around the middle of the rugby league season for the State of Origin shield . During the early years , the results were extraordinarily even . However , since 2006 , Queensland has won every series except in 2014 .
Russian culture
During the Soviet era , the national Olympic team placed first in the total number of medals won at 14 of its 18 appearances ; with these performances , the USSR was the dominant Olympic power of its era . Since the 1952 Olympic Games , Soviet and later Russian athletes have always been in the top three for the number of gold medals collected at the Summer Olympics .
Indigenous Australians
In sport Evonne Goolagong Cawley became the world number - one ranked tennis player in 1971 and won 14 Grand Slam titles during her career . In 1973 Arthur Beetson became the first Indigenous Australian to captain his country in any sport when he first led the Australian National Rugby League team , the Kangaroos . In 1982 , Mark Ella became Captain of the Australian National Rugby Union Team , the Wallabies . In 1984 , a group of Pintupi people who were living a traditional hunter - gatherer desert - dwelling life were tracked down in the Gibson Desert in Western Australia and brought in to a settlement . They are believed to have been the last uncontacted tribe in Australia . In 1985 , the Australian government returned ownership of Uluru ( formerly known as Ayers Rock ) to the Pitjantjatjara Aboriginal people . Picture
Olympic symbols
The Olympic medals awarded to winners are another symbol associated with the Olympic games . The medals are made of gold - plated silver ( commonly described as gold medals ) , silver , or bronze , and awarded to the top 3 finishers in a particular event . Each medal for an Olympiad has a common design , decided upon by the organizers for the particular games . From 1928 until 2000 , the obverse side of the medals contained an image of Nike , the traditional goddess of victory , holding a palm in her left hand and a winner 's crown in her right . This design was created by Giuseppe Cassioli . For each Olympic games , the reverse side as well as the labels for each Olympiad changed , reflecting the host of the games .
History of tennis
The tournament was initially known as the `` International Lawn Tennis Challenge '' . It was renamed the Davis Cup following the death of Dwight Davis in 1945 . The tournament has vastly expanded and , on its 100th anniversary in 1999 , 130 nations competed . International
Penn State Nittany Lions football
Lambert Trophy -- 1947 , 1961 , 1962 , 1964 , 1967 , 1968 , 1969 , 1971 , 1972 , 1973 , 1974 , 1975 , 1977 , 1978 , 1981 , 1982 , 1985 , 1986 , 1989 , 1990 , 1991 , 1994 , 1996 , 1997 , 1998 , 2005 , 2008 , 2009 , 2013 , 2016
Karachi
In 2005 , the city hosted the SAFF Championship at this ground , as well as the Geo Super Football League 2007 , which attracted capacity crowds during the games . The popularity of golf is increasing , with clubs in Karachi like Dreamworld Resort , Hotel & Golf Club , Arabian Sea Country Club , DA Country & Golf Club . The city has facilities for field hockey ( the Hockey Club of Pakistan , UBL Hockey Ground ) , boxing ( KPT Sports Complex ) , squash ( Jahangir Khan Squash Complex ) , and polo . There are marinas and boating clubs . National Bank of Pakistan Sports Complex is First - class cricket venue and Multi-purpose sports facility in Karachi ,
Masters Tournament
In addition to the green jacket , winners of the tournament receive a gold medal . They have their names engraved on the actual silver Masters trophy , introduced in 1961 , which depicts the clubhouse . This trophy remains at Augusta National ; since 1993 winners have received a sterling silver replica . The runner - up receives a silver medal , introduced in 1951 . Beginning in 1978 , a silver salver was added as an award for the runner - up .
United Kingdom
The modern game of tennis originated in Birmingham , England , in the 1860s , before spreading around the world . The world 's oldest tennis tournament , the Wimbledon championships , first occurred in 1877 , and today the event takes place over two weeks in late June and early July .
2019 AFC Asian Cup
India , Syria , Thailand and Turkmenistan qualified to the tournament after being absent in several Asian Cup tournaments spanning from 2004 to 2015 . Lebanon and Vietnam both qualified for the first time after hosting the tournaments , in 2000 and 2007 respectively . For Vietnam , this was the first time they qualified for the AFC Asian Cup as a unified nation , having participated as South Vietnam in the first two editions ( 1956 and 1960 ) , outside of hosting the 2007 edition . This was also the first time Yemen qualified for the AFC Asian Cup as a unified country , due to FIFA and AFC categorizing the participation of South Yemen in the 1976 as a distinct record not related to Yemen , whom succeeding North Yemen . In addition to Yemen , the Philippines and Kyrgyzstan also marked this edition as their first times to qualify for an Asian Cup .
South Africa
In 2004 , the swimming team of Roland Schoeman , Lyndon Ferns , Darian Townsend and Ryk Neethling won the gold medal at the Olympic Games in Athens , simultaneously breaking the world record in the 4x100 freestyle relay . Penny Heyns won Olympic Gold in the 1996 Atlanta Olympic Games . In 2012 Oscar Pistorius became the first double amputee sprinter to compete at the Olympic Games in London . In golf , Gary Player is generally regarded as one of the greatest golfers of all time , having won the Career Grand Slam , one of five golfers to have done so . Other South African golfers to have won major tournaments include Bobby Locke , Ernie Els , Retief Goosen , Tim Clark , Trevor Immelman , Louis Oosthuizen and Charl Schwartzel .
Chronology of Stanley Cup engravings
This article lists a chronology of Stanley Cup engravings . A unique feature of the Stanley Cup is that , with few exceptions in the past , it is the only trophy in professional sports that has the name of the winning players , coaches , management , and club staff engraved on it .
2018 FIFA World Cup qualification
, Group stage ( 1990 ) Iceland UEFA Group I winners 9 October 2017 1st -- -- Serbia UEFA Group D winners 9 October 2017 12th Fourth place ( 1930 , 1962 ) Portugal UEFA Group B winners 10 October 2017 7th 2014 5 Third place ( 1966 ) France UEFA Group A winners 10 October 2017 15th 2014 6 Winners ( 1998 ) Uruguay CONMEBOL Round Robin runners - up 10 October 2017 13th 2014 Winners ( 1930 , 1950 ) Argentina CONMEBOL Round Robin third place 10 October 2017 17th 2014 12 Winners ( 1978 , 1986 ) Colombia CONMEBOL Round Robin fourth place 10 October 2017 6th 2014 Quarter - finals ( 2014 ) Panama CONCACAF Fifth Round third place 10 October 2017 1st -- -- Senegal CAF Third Round Group D winners 10 November 2017 2nd 2002 Quarter - finals ( 2002 ) Morocco CAF Third Round Group C winners 11 November 2017 5th 1998 Round of 16 ( 1986 ) Tunisia CAF Third Round Group A winners 11 November 2017 5th 2006 Group stage ( 1978 , 1998 , 2002 , 2006 ) Switzerland UEFA Second Round winners 12 November 2017 11th 2014 Quarter - finals ( 1934 , 1938 , 1954 ) Croatia UEFA Second Round winners 12 November 2017 5th 2014 Third place ( 1998 ) Sweden UEFA Second Round winners 13 November 2017 12th 2006 Runners - up ( 1958 ) Denmark UEFA Second Round winners 14 November 2017 5th Quarter - finals ( 1998 ) Australia CONCACAF v AFC play - off winners 15 November 2017 5th 2014 Round of 16 ( 2006 ) Peru OFC v CONMEBOL play - off winners 15 November 2017 5th 1982 Quarter - finals ( 1970 ) , Second round ( 1978 )
Pierre de Coubertin
Coubertin 's advocacy for the Games centred on a number of ideals about sport . He believed that the early ancient Olympics encouraged competition among amateur rather than professional athletes , and saw value in that . The ancient practice of a sacred truce in association with the Games might have modern implications , giving the Olympics a role in promoting peace . This role was reinforced in Coubertin 's mind by the tendency of athletic competition to promote understanding across cultures , thereby lessening the dangers of war . In addition , he saw the Games as important in advocating his philosophical ideal for athletic competition : that the competition itself , the struggle to overcome one 's opponent , was more important than winning . Coubertin expressed this ideal thus :