vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Coffee
The Arabic word qahwah was traditionally held to refer to a type of wine whose etymology is given by Arab lexicographers as deriving from the verb qahiya ( قَهِيَ ) , `` to lack hunger '' , in reference to the drink 's reputation as an appetite suppressant . It has also been proposed that the source may be the Proto - Central Semitic root q-h-h meaning `` dark '' .
Chinese marriage
It is also to ensure the relatives on each side meet the relatives on the other side . Thus out of respect for the elders , wedding banquets are usually done formally and traditionally , which the older generation is thought to be more comfortable with . On the night of the wedding day , there was a custom in some places for relatives or friends to banter the newlyweds . Though this seemed a little noisy , both of them dropped shyness and got familiar with each other . On the third day of the marriage , the new couple would go back to the bride 's parents ' home . They would be received with also a dinner party including relatives .
Star of David
Star in the Schneider Synagogue , Istanbul Star in the Ari Ashkenazi Synagogue , Safed The Magen David Adom emblem A synagogue in Karlsruhe , Germany , with the outline of a Star of David A recruitment poster published in American Jewish magazines during WWI . Daughter of Zion ( representing the Jewish people ) : Your Old New Land must have you ! Join the Jewish regiment . Roundel displayed on Israeli Air Force aircraft , 1948 - today Stained glass Star of David USVA headstone emblem 3 USVA headstone emblem 44 Morocco fly mask embroidery
Reconstructive memory
A week later , all of the participants were asked whether of not there had been any broken glass in the video . A statistically significant number of participants in group B answered that they remembered seeing broken glass in the video ( p < -. 05 ) . However , there was not any broken glass in the video . The difference between this group and the others was that they were primed with the word `` smashed '' in the questionnaire , one week prior to answering the question . By changing one word in the questionnaire , their memories were re-encoded with new details .
Yahweh
Second Temple Judaism was centered not on synagogues , which began to appear only in the 3rd century BCE , and the reading and study of scripture , but on the Temple itself , and on a cycle of continual blood sacrifice ( meaning the sacrifice of live animals ) . Torah , or ritual law , was also important , and the Temple priests were responsible for teaching it , but the concept of scripture developed only slowly . While the written Torah ( the Pentateuch ) and the Prophets were accepted as authoritative by the 1st century CE , beyond this core the different Jewish groups continued to accept different groups of books as authoritative .
Japanese cuisine
Even in informal situations , drinking alcohol starts with a toast ( kanpai , 乾杯 ) when everyone is ready . Do not start drinking until everybody is served and has finished the toast . It is not customary to pour oneself a drink ; rather , people are expected to keep each other 's drinks topped up . When someone moves to pour one 's drink , one should hold one 's glass with both hands and thank the pourer .
Elephant in the room
The idiom is commonly used in addiction recovery terminology to describe the reluctance of friends and family of an addicted person to discuss the person 's problem , thus aiding the person 's denial . Especially in reference to alcohol abuse , the idiom is sometimes coupled with that of the pink elephant , q.v. `` the pink elephant in the room . ''
Doves as symbols
Before the Peace of Constantine ( 313 AD ) , in which Rome ceased its persecution of Christians following Constantine 's conversion , Noah was normally shown in an attitude of prayer , a dove with an olive branch flying toward him or alighting on his outstretched hand . According to Graydon Snyder , `` The Noah story afforded the early Christian community an opportunity to express piety and peace in a vessel that withstood the threatening environment '' of Roman persecution . According to Ludwig Budde and Pierre Prigent , the dove referred to the descending of the Holy Spirit rather than the peace associated with Noah . After the Peace of Constantine , when persecution ceased , Noah appeared less frequently in Christian art .
Apple of my eye
In Zechariah 2 : 8 , the Hebrew phrase used is bava ' ayin ( בבה עין ) . The meaning of bava is disputed . It may mean `` apple '' ; and if so , the phrase used in Zechariah 2 : 8 literally refers to the `` apple of the eye . '' However , Hebrew scholars generally regard this phrase as simply referring to the `` eyeball '' ( E.g. , The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament
Israel
The city of Jerusalem is of special importance to Jews , Muslims and Christians as it is the home of sites that are pivotal to their religious beliefs , such as the Old City that incorporates the Western Wall and the Temple Mount , the Al - Aqsa Mosque and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre . Other locations of religious importance in Israel are Nazareth ( holy in Christianity as the site of the Annunciation of Mary ) , Tiberias and Safed ( two of the Four Holy Cities in Judaism ) , the White Mosque in Ramla ( holy in Islam as the shrine of the prophet Saleh ) , and the Church of Saint George in Lod ( holy in Christianity and Islam as the tomb of Saint George or Al Khidr ) . A number of other religious landmarks are located in the West Bank , among them Joseph 's Tomb in Nablus , the birthplace of Jesus and Rachel 's Tomb in Bethlehem , and the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron . The administrative center of the Bahá'í Faith and the Shrine of the Báb are located at the Bahá'í World Centre in Haifa ; the leader of the faith is buried in Acre . Apart from maintenance staff , there is no Bahá'í community in Israel , although it is a destination for pilgrimages . Bahá'í staff in Israel do not teach their faith to Israelis following strict policy . A few miles south of the Bahá'í World Centre is Mahmood Mosque affiliated with the reformist Ahmadiyya movement . Kababir , Haifa 's mixed neighbourhood of Jews and Ahmadi Arabs is the only one of its kind in the country .
Alcohol in the Bible
`` Alcohol , Drinking of '' . In Walter A. Elwell . Evangelical Dictionary of Theology . Grand Rapids , MI : Baker Book House . ISBN 0 - 8010 - 3413 - 2 . Pratt , Richard L. ( 2003 ) . The Spirit of the Reformation Study Bible . Zondervan . ISBN 978 - 0 - 310 - 92360 - 2 . I.W. Raymond ( 1970 ) ( 1927 ) . The Teaching of the Early Church on the Use of Wine and Strong Drink . AMS Press . ISBN 978 - 0 - 404 - 51286 - 6 . Heinrich Seesemann ( 1967 ) . `` οινος '' . In Gerhard Kittel and Ronald E. Pitkin . Theological Dictionary of the New Testament . V. trans . Geoffrey W. Bromiley . Wm . B. Eerdmans . ISBN 0 - 8028 - 2247 - 9 . Joseph Henry Thayer ( 1977 ) ( 1901 ) . A Greek - English Lexicon of the New Testament . Baker . ISBN 0 - 8010 - 8872 - 0 . `` Tractate Berakoth 6.1 '' . Retrieved 2007 - 03 - 15 . Bruce Waltke ( 2004 ) . The Book Of Proverbs : Chapters 1 -- 15 . New International Commentary on the Old Testament . Wm . B. Eerdmans . ISBN 978 - 0 - 8028 - 2545 - 2 . Bruce Waltke ( 2005 ) . The Book of Proverbs : Chapters 15 -- 31 . New International Commentary on the Old Testament . Wm . B. Eerdmans . ISBN 978 - 0 - 8028 - 2776 - 0 .
Ash Wednesday
Ashes were used in ancient times to express grief . When Tamar was raped by her half - brother , `` she sprinkled ashes on her head , tore her robe , and with her face buried in her hands went away crying '' ( 2 Samuel 13 : 19 ) . The gesture was also used to express sorrow for sins and faults . In Job 42 : 3 -- 6 , Job says to God : `` I have heard of thee by the hearing of the ear : but now mine eye seeth thee . Wherefore I abhor myself , and repent in dust and ashes . '' The prophet Jeremiah calls for repentance by saying : `` O daughter of my people , gird on sackcloth , roll in the ashes '' ( Jer 6 : 26 ) . The prophet Daniel recounted pleading to God : `` I turned to the Lord God , pleading in earnest prayer , with fasting , sackcloth and ashes '' ( Daniel 9 : 3 ) . Just prior to the New Testament period , the rebels fighting for Jewish independence , the Maccabees , prepared for battle using ashes : `` That day they fasted and wore sackcloth ; they sprinkled ashes on their heads and tore their clothes '' ( 1 Maccabees 3 : 47 ; see also 4 : 39 ) .
Coffee
Coffee was initially used for spiritual reasons . At least 1,100 years ago , traders brought coffee across the Red Sea into Arabia ( modern - day Yemen ) , where Muslim dervishes began cultivating the shrub in their gardens . At first , the Arabians made wine from the pulp of the fermented coffee berries . This beverage was known as qishr ( kisher in modern usage ) and was used during religious ceremonies .
Jordan River
Because , according to Jewish tradition , the Israelites made a difficult and hazardous journey from slavery in Egypt to freedom in the Promised Land , the Jordan can refer to freedom . The actual crossing is the final step of the journey , which is then complete .
Magic in Harry Potter
The Unbreakable Vow is a voluntary agreement made between two witches or wizards . It must be performed with a witness ( `` Bonder '' ) on hand , holding their wand on the agreeing persons ' linked hands to bind them with magic as a tongue of flame . The Vow is not literally `` unbreakable '' as the person taking it is still able to go back on his or her word , but doing so will cause instant death . The Unbreakable Vow was first introduced in Half - Blood Prince , in which Snape made a promise to Narcissa Malfoy to protect Draco , with Bellatrix as the `` Bonder '' , as her son attempted to fulfil the Dark Lord 's task , and for Snape to fulfil the task if something should prevent Draco from doing it . Another example in Half - Blood Prince occurs when Ron tells Harry how Fred and George tried to make him undertake an Unbreakable Vow , but because of their father 's intervention , they did not succeed .
Matthew 5:22
While some scholars have searched for one , the offenses in the verse do not seem to increase in severity . By contrast the verse contains an escalating scale of punishment . Those that are angry with their brother are said to be subject to judgement . This is often interpreted as the judgement of the local council , which would mete out justice in a community . The council is generally seen as a reference to the Sanhedrin , the council of leading religious thinkers that acted as the central court in Jerusalem . Most controversial is what fate is implied by the third punishment . In Greek the word used is Gehenna , it refers to a valley south of Jerusalem where there was an ever - burning rubbish fire , and where in the past human sacrifices had been cremated .
Sabbath in Christianity
Jewish Shabbat is a weekly day of rest cognate to Christian Sabbath , observed from sundown on Friday until the appearance of three stars in the sky on Saturday night ; it is also observed by a minority of Christians . Customarily , Shabbat is ushered in by lighting candles shortly before sunset , at halakhicallly calculated times that change from week to week and from place to place . Main
List of The Big Bang Theory characters
In season seven , he was unknowingly married to Penny for three years after the two were intoxicated and attended a wedding chapel in Las Vegas ( they were not aware that weddings in Las Vegas are real ) . Penny invites him to Mrs. Wolowitz 's house for Thanksgiving , where they get the marriage annulled .
Sabbath in Christianity
An Eastern body of Christian Sabbath - keepers mentioned from the 8th century to the 12th is called Athenians ( `` touch - not '' ) because they abstained from uncleanness and intoxicating drinks , called Athinginians in Neander : `` This sect , which had its principal seat in the city of Armorion , in upper Phrygia , where many Jews resided , sprung out of a mixture of Judaism and Christianity . They united baptism with the observance of all the rites of Judaism , circumcision excepted . We may perhaps recognize a branch of the older Judaizing sects .
Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events
Klaus manages to escape and finds a hidden tower in Olaf 's house , with a large lens which , if positioned correctly , can focus the rays of the sun . He discovers this way that it was Olaf who set the fire to their old house . He uses this window to burn the marriage certificate before the marriage is officially complete , leading to Olaf 's arrest . However , a jury of his peers overturn his sentence and Olaf vanishes .
Holy Chalice
And He took a cup and when He had given thanks He gave it to them saying `` Drink this , all of you ; for this is My blood of the covenant , which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins . I tell you , I shall not drink again of the fruit of the vine until I drink it new with you in My Father 's kingdom . ''
The Raven That Refused to Sing (And Other Stories)
`` The Pin Drop '' addresses `` the concept that you can be with someone because it 's comfortable and convenient , not because there 's any love or empathy . '' Wilson explains that `` The song is basically sung by the wife . She 's dead , she 's been thrown in the river by the husband , and she 's floating down in the river while singing this song -- from beyond death , beyond the grave , as it were . '' The song considers `` The idea ... that sometimes in a relationship there can be so much tension , so much unspoken resentment and hatred , that the tiniest thing can set off a violent episode , and in this case , one that ends in tragedy . The sound of a pin dropping on a floor can be the thing that instigates the fury . ''
Seeley Booth
In the Season 9 episode `` The Woman in White '' , Booth and Bones prepare for their wedding . Bones agreed to a church wedding after realizing the sacrifice Booth had made as the Catholic church does not condone co-habitation ; Aldo had told her that Booth was willing to sacrifice his soul and `` live in sin '' if it meant being with her . She rationalized the decision , saying that she could see the `` beauty '' behind the ceremony and tradition associated with a Catholic wedding and added that she also knew Latin . However , their plans are ruined by a cold case and a fire in the church in which they were to be married . With Angela 's help , they hold a last - minute simple garden ceremony outside the Jeffersonian . Aldo presided over the ceremony in the presence of Booth 's mother Marianne , grandfather Hank and son Parker , Bones ' father Max and their close friends from the Jeffersonian . They spent their honeymoon in Buenos Aires , Argentina .
Hajj
After the casting of stones , animals are slaughtered to commemorate the story of Abraham and Ishmael . Traditionally the pilgrims slaughtered the animal themselves , or oversaw the slaughtering . Today many pilgrims buy a sacrifice voucher in Mecca before the greater Hajj begins , which allows an animal to be slaughtered in the name of God ( Allah ) on the 10th , without the pilgrim being physically present . Modern abattoirs complete the processing of the meat , which is then sent as charity to poor people around the world . At the same time as the sacrifices occur at Mecca , Muslims worldwide perform similar sacrifices , in a three - day global festival called Eid al - Adha . Hair
Christmas traditions
Boxing Day , or tapaninpäivä ( St. Stephen 's Day ) is traditionally set aside for driving around the village ( tapaninajot ) , to counterbalance the solemn and family - oriented part of Christmas . Iceland
Brave New World
Jaded with his new life , John moves to an abandoned hilltop tower , near the village of Puttenham , where he intends to adopt a solitary ascetic lifestyle in order to purify himself of civilization , practising self - flagellation . This soon draws reporters and eventually hundreds of amazed sightseers , hoping to witness his bizarre behaviour ; one of them is implied to be Lenina . At the sight of the woman he both adores and loathes , John attacks her with his whip . The onlookers are wildly aroused by the display and John is caught up in the crowd 's soma - fueled frenzy . The next morning , he remembers the previous night 's events and is stricken with remorse . Onlookers and journalists who arrive that evening discover John dead , having hanged himself .
Star of David
In the Renaissance Period , in the 16th - century Land of Israel , the book Ets Khayim conveys the Kabbalah of Ha - Ari ( Rabbi Isaac Luria ) who arranges the traditional items on the seder plate for Passover into two triangles , where they explicitly correspond to Jewish mystical concepts . The six sfirot of the masculine Zer Anpin correspond to the six items on the seder plate , while the seventh sfira being the feminine Malkhut corresponds to the plate itself .
High Holy Days
The term High Holy Days most probably derives from the popular English phrase , `` high days and holydays '' . The Hebrew equivalent , `` Yamim Noraim '' ( Hebrew : ימים נוראים ‎ ‎ ) , is neither Biblical nor Talmudic . Professor Ismar Elbogen , author of `` Jewish Liturgy in its Historical Development '' , avers that it was a medieval usage , reflecting a change in the mood of Rosh Hashanah from a predominantly joyous celebration to a more subdued day that was a response to a period of persecution .
John Steinbeck
In 1966 , Steinbeck traveled to Tel Aviv to visit the site of Mount Hope , a farm community established in Israel by his grandfather , whose brother , Friedrich Grosssteinbeck , was murdered by Arab marauders in 1858 in what became known as the Outrages at Jaffa .
Toast (honor)
In many cultures , toasting is common and to not do so may be a breach of etiquette . The general theme of the common brief toast is `` good luck '' or `` good health '' . At formal meals in certain countries of the Commonwealth of Nations , the first toast to be proposed is traditionally the Loyal Toast ( `` The Queen '' ) . This may be adapted in other countries to give a loyal toast to the appropriate Head of State . Pre-meal
Doves as symbols
According to the biblical story ( Genesis 8 : 11 ) , a dove was released by Noah after the flood in order to find land ; it came back carrying a freshly plucked olive leaf ( Hebrew : עלה זית alay zayit ) , a sign of life after the Flood and of God 's bringing Noah , his family and the animals to land . Rabbinic literature interpreted the olive leaf as `` the young shoots of the Land of Israel '' or the dove 's preference for bitter food in God 's service , rather than sweet food in the service of men .
Jephthah
Israel Finkelstein has suggested that the story of Jephthah 's vow may have been added into the story as late as the Hellenistic period .
Jumping the broom
In Wales , Romani couples would get married by eloping , when they would `` jump the broom , '' or over a branch of flowering common broom or a besom made of broom . Welsh Kale and English Romanichal Gypsies and Romanichal populations in Scotland practised the ritual into the 1900s .
Wedding cake
Fruit cakes were a sign of fertility and prosperity , which helped them gain popularity because married men wanted to have plenty of children . The bride 's cake would transform into the modern wedding cake we know today . In the 17th century , two cakes were made , one for the bride and one for the groom . The groom 's cake would die out and the bride 's cake become the main cake for the event . When the two cakes were served together , the groom 's cake was typically the darker colored , rich fruit cake and generally much smaller than the bride 's cake . The bride 's cake was usually a simple pound cake with white icing because white was a sign of virginity and purity . In the early 19th century , sugar became easier to obtain during the time when the bride 's cakes became popular . The more refined and whiter sugars were still very expensive . so only wealthy families could afford to have a very pure white frosting . This display would show the wealth and social status of the family . When Queen Victoria used white icing on her cake it gained a new title , royal icing .
Holy Chalice
The iconic significance of the Chalice grew during the Early Middle Ages . Depictions of Jesus praying in the Garden of Gethsemane , such as that in the fourteenth - century frescoes of the church at the Öja , Gotland ( illustration , right ) , show a prefigured apparition of the Holy Chalice that stands at the top of the mountain , illustrating the words `` Let this cup be taken from me '' . Together with the halo - enveloped Hand of God and the haloed figure of Jesus , the halo image atop the chalice , as if of a consecrated communion wafer , completes the Trinity by embodying the Holy Spirit .
Christmas traditions
Other Czech and Slovak Christmas traditions involve predictions for the future . Apples are always cut crosswise : if a perfect star appears in the core , the next year will be successful , distorted star means a bad year or illness , while a cross may suggest death . Girls throw shoes over their shoulders -- if the toe points to the door , the girl will get married soon . Another tradition requires pouring some molten lead into water and guessing a message from its shapes .
Birthday cake
A reference to the tradition of blowing out the candles was documented in Switzerland in 1881 . Researchers for the Folk - Lore Journal recorded various `` superstitions '' among the Swiss middle class . One statement depicted a birthday cake as having lighted candles which correspond to each year of life . These candles were required to be blown out , individually , by the person who is being celebrated .
Photo booth
Photo booth rental companies allow a person to rent a photo booth for a short period of time ( usually in hours ) for a fee . Photo booth rentals have become popular in the United States primarily for wedding receptions , sweet sixteen parties , Bar and Bat Mitzvah parties , along with a growing number of other public and private events . In addition to the photo booth and the printing of unlimited photo strips , rental companies usually include a photo booth attendant to service the photo booth and to help guests construct the guest book of photo strips . Online image hosting , compact disks containing the images and related merchandise are readily available . Celebrities are frequent users of photo booths in parties , A
History of the Jews in Egypt
The 1954 Lavon Affair was an Israeli sabotage operation designed to discredit and overthrow the then Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser and to end secret negotiations with Egypt being pursued by then Israeli prime minister Moshe Sharett , who did not know nor approve of the operation . Sharett did not learn of the truth before he had denounced the charges by the Egyptian government in a speech in the Knesset as a blood libel , which caused him to feel deep humiliation that he had lied to the world and was one factor in Sharett 's resignation as prime minister . The operation also blew up Western targets ( without causing deaths ) , led to deeper distrust of Jews , from whose community key agents in the operation had been recruited and led to sharply increased emigration of Jews from Egypt . In his summing up statement Fu'ad al - Digwi , the prosecutor at their trial , repeated the official government stance :
High Holy Days
Observant Jews will fast throughout Yom Kippur and many attend synagogue for most of the day . There are five prayer services , one in the evening ( sometimes known as `` Kol Nidre '' from one of the main prayers ) and four consecutively on the day .
Belshazzar's feast
The king 's banquet and the mysterious oracle : the king desecrates the sacred vessels , the hand writes on the wall ( verses 1 -- 6 ) Attempts to interpret the oracle : the Chaldean sages fail , the queen recommends Daniel ( verses 7 -- 12 ) Daniel appears before Belshazzar : Daniel addresses and rebukes the king , interprets the oracle , and is rewarded ( verses 10 -- 12 ) Conclusion : Belshazzar 's death , Darius ' accession ( verses 30 -- 31 )