vania-janet/multiturn-rag-retrieval-data huggingface dataset:
Flight of the Conchords (TV series)
Filming for the series took place at a variety of locations and landmarks around New York City . Flight of the Conchords has , however , been consistent with its geography with respect to their neighbourhood . Some of the primary locations are listed below . Information on locations specific to particular episodes may be found on the page for that episode . Transition shots and out - of - studio location shoots have been in Brooklyn , Queens , and Manhattan . Most street scenes were filmed in Lower Manhattan or the Williamsburg area of Brooklyn .
iOS 11
On devices with an Apple A10 chip or newer , photos can be compressed in the new High Efficiency Image File Format and videos can be encoded in the new High Efficiency Video Coding video compression format , enabling improved quality while also decreasing size by half .
Fremont Street Experience
Displaying images that looked `` real '' took some innovation . New techniques were developed to make these curved , low - resolution images viewable from the ground . One adjustment was to move images slowly across the display to prevent blurring .
Friday Night Lights (TV series)
This freedom was complemented by filming without rehearsal and without extensive blocking . Camera operators were trained to follow the actors , rather than having the actors stand in one place with cameras fixed around them . The actors knew that the filming would work around them . Executive producer Jeffrey Reiner described this method as `` no rehearsal , no blocking , just three cameras and we shoot . ''
Albatross (metaphor)
Charles Baudelaire 's collection of poems Les Fleurs du mal contains a poem entitled L'Albatros about men on ships who catch the albatrosses for sport . In the final stanza , he goes on to compare the poets to the birds -- exiled from the skies and then weighed down by their giant wings , till death .
Boeing B-29 Superfortress
The Boeing B - 29 Superfortress is a four - engine propeller - driven heavy bomber designed by Boeing , which was flown primarily by the United States during World War II and the Korean War . It was one of the largest aircraft operational during World War II and featured state - of - the - art technology . Including design and production , it was the single most expensive weapons project undertaken by the United States in World War II , exceeding the cost of the Manhattan Project by between $1 and 1.7 billion . Innovations introduced included a pressurized cabin , dual - wheeled , tricycle landing gear , and an analog computer - controlled fire - control system that directed four remote machine gun turrets that could be operated by a single gunner and a fire - control officer . A manned tail gun installation was semi-remote . The name `` Superfortress '' continued the pattern Boeing started with its well - known predecessor , the B - 17 Flying Fortress . Designed for the high - altitude strategic bomber role , the B - 29 also excelled in low - altitude nighttime incendiary bombing missions . One of the B - 29 's final roles during World War II was carrying out the atomic bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki .
Adobe Photoshop
Adobe Camera Raw ( also known as ACR and Camera Raw ) is a special plugin , supplied free by Adobe , used primarily to read and process raw image files so that the resultant images can be processed by Photoshop . It can also be used from within Adobe Bridge .
Studio Backlot Tour
A number of guests in each line were taken into a show area with a large water tank in front of them . In the water tank were props reminiscent of Pearl Harbor : the deck and the engine room of a patrol boat . Cast Members explained how the water tank and props could be used in filming scenes from action films . Using the volunteers from before the guests were shown a special effects demonstration , known as Harbor Attack . One volunteer sat in the engine room and was overcame by a deluge of water ( 1000 Gallons of Water ) coming into the room through a window from two dump tanks . The other three volunteers were standing on the deck when an attack happened . Explosions underwater , simulated torpedo bursts , and fireballs were used to simulate the attack . When filming was finished the footage was put together with previously recorded footage of airplane attacks and dialogue and shown to the guests .
Helsinki
Helsinki 's neoclassical buildings were often used as a backdrop for scenes set to take place in the Soviet Union in many Cold War era Hollywood movies , when filming in the USSR was not possible . Some of them include The Kremlin Letter ( 1970 ) , Reds ( 1981 ) , and Gorky Park ( 1983 ) . Because some streetscapes were reminiscent of Leningrad 's and Moscow 's old buildings , they too were used in movie productions . At the same time the government secretly instructed Finnish officials not to extend assistance to such film projects .
History of photography
Competing screen plate products soon appeared and film - based versions were eventually made . All were expensive and until the 1930s none was `` fast '' enough for hand - held snapshot - taking , so they mostly served a niche market of affluent advanced amateurs .
Red light camera
Red light cameras are typically installed in protective metal boxes attached to poles ( different from the radar guns carried by police officers ) at intersections , which are often specifically chosen due to high numbers of crashes and / or red - light - running violations . Red light camera systems typically employ two closely spaced inductive loops embedded in the pavement just before the limit line , to measure the speed of vehicles . Using the speed measured , the system predicts if a particular vehicle will not be able to stop before entering the intersection , and takes two photographs of the event . The first photo shows the vehicle just before it enters the intersection , with the light showing red , and the second photo , taken a second or two later , shows the vehicle when it is in the intersection .
Yemen
Some news reports have suggested that , on orders from U.S. President Barack Obama , U.S. warplanes fired cruise missiles at what officials in Washington claimed were Al Qaeda training camps in the provinces of Sana'a and Abyan on 17 December 2009 . Instead of hitting Al - Qaeda operatives , it hit a village , killing 55 civilians . Officials in Yemen said that the attacks claimed the lives of more than 60 civilians , 28 of them children . Another airstrike was carried out on 24 December .
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Motion picture company Nippon Eigasha started sending cameramen to Nagasaki and Hiroshima in September 1945 . On October 24 , 1945 , a U.S. military policeman stopped a Nippon Eigasha cameraman from continuing to film in Nagasaki . All Nippon Eigasha 's reels were then confiscated by the American authorities . These reels were in turn requested by the Japanese government , declassified , and saved from oblivion . Some black - and - white motion pictures were released and shown for the first time to Japanese and American audiences in the years from 1968 to 1970 . The public release of film footage of the city post-attack , and some research about the human effects of the attack , was restricted during the occupation of Japan , and much of this information was censored until the signing of the San Francisco Peace Treaty in 1951 , restoring control to the Japanese .
Military history of the United States during World War II
Numerous bombing runs were launched by the United States aimed at the industrial heart of Germany . Using the high altitude B - 17 , it was necessary for the raids to be conducted in daylight for the drops to be accurate . As adequate fighter escort was rarely available , the bombers would fly in tight , box formations , allowing each bomber to provide overlapping machine - gun fire for defense . The tight formations made it impossible to evade fire from Luftwaffe fighters , however , and American bomber crew losses were high . One such example was the Schweinfurt - Regensburg mission , which resulted in staggering losses of men and equipment . The introduction of the revered P - 51 Mustang , which had enough fuel to make a round trip to Germany 's heartland , helped to reduce losses later in the war . In mid-1942 , the United States Army Air Forces ( USAAF ) arrived in the UK and carried out a few raids across the English Channel . The USAAF Eighth Air Force 's B - 17 bombers were called the `` Flying Fortresses '' because of their heavy defensive armament of ten to twelve machine guns , and armor plating in vital locations . In part because of their heavier armament and armor , they carried smaller bomb loads than British bombers . With all of this , the USAAF 's commanders in Washington , DC , and in Great Britain adopted the strategy of taking on the Luftwaffe head on , in larger and larger air raids by mutually defending bombers , flying over Germany , Austria , and France at high altitudes during the daytime . Also , both the U.S. Government and its Army Air Forces commanders were reluctant to bomb enemy cities and towns indiscriminately . They claimed that by using the B - 17 and the Norden bombsight , the USAAF should be able to carry out `` precision bombing '' on locations vital to the German war machine : factories , naval bases , shipyards , railroad yards , railroad junctions , power plants , steel mills , airfields , etc .
Sacramento International Airport
On July 6 , 2013 , the airport was one of ten airports that hosted flights diverted from San Francisco International Airport after Asiana Airlines Flight 214 crashed short of the runway .
Color motion picture film
Practical color in the motion picture business began with Kinemacolor , first demonstrated in 1906 . This was a two - color system created in England by George Albert Smith , and promoted by film pioneer Charles Urban 's The Charles Urban Trading Company in 1908 . It was used for a series of films including the documentary With Our King and Queen Through India , depicting the Delhi Durbar ( also known as The Durbar at Delhi , 1912 ) , which was filmed in December 1911 . The Kinemacolor process consisted of alternating frames of specially sensitized black - and - white film exposed at 32 frames per second through a rotating filter with alternating red and green areas . The printed film was projected through similar alternating red and green filters at the same speed . A perceived range of colors resulted from the blending of the separate red and green alternating images by the viewer 's persistence of vision .
Chroma key
Another challenge for bluescreen or greenscreen is proper camera exposure . Underexposing or overexposing a colored backdrop can lead to poor saturation levels . In the case of video cameras , underexposed images can contain high amounts of noise , as well . The background must be bright enough to allow the camera to create a bright and saturated image .
Spirit in the Sky
It was included on the list of songs deemed `` questionable '' by Clear Channel following the September 11 , 2001 attacks .
iPhone 6
The iPhone 6 's rear - facing camera now has the ability to shoot 1080p video at either 30 or 60 frames per second and slow - motion video at either 120 or 240 frames per second . The camera also includes phase detection autofocus . It can also record . The iPhone 6 Plus camera is nearly identical , but also includes optical image stabilization . The front - facing camera was also updated with a new sensor and f / 2.2 aperture , along with support for burst and HDR modes .
Democratic Republic of the Congo
As of June 2016 , DR Congo had one major national airline ( Congo Airways ) that offered flights inside DR Congo . Congo Airways was based at Kinshasa 's international airport . All air carriers certified by the DRC have been banned from European Union airports by the European Commission , due to inadequate safety standards .
Internet privacy
Similar situations occur when Street View provides high - resolution photographs -- and photographs hypothetically offer compelling objective evidence . But as the case of the Swiss politician illustrates , even supposedly compelling photographic evidence is sometimes subject to gross misinterpretation . This example further suggests that Google Street View may provide opportunities for privacy infringement and harassment through public dissemination of the photographs . Google Street View does , however , blur or remove photographs of individuals and private property from image frames if the individuals request further blurring and / or removal of the images . This request can be submitted , for review , through the `` report a problem '' button that is located on the bottom left - hand side of every image window on Google Street View , however , Google has made attempts to report a problem difficult by disabling the `` Why are you reporting the street view '' icon .
Property Brothers
The brothers have maintained that their shows are not contrived or scripted . Homeowners are not provided with storylines or dialog , and unforeseen construction challenges are real . Additionally , the homebuyers work with real project budgets . However , the brothers concede that conversations may be re-shot and incidents may be reconstructed due to disruptions on set ( e.g. a plane flying overhead ) , to highlight how protracted problems were resolved , or because the cameras did not capture the real - time shot .
Air New Zealand
In late 2009 Air New Zealand started to put up billboard ads showing a body - painted staff member walking into a carwash , ready to go down a water slide , or even ready to jump off a diving board .
April 2015 Nepal earthquake
Imaging technologies such as satellites and smartphones , were instrumental to relief efforts in Nepal . GLIMS , group of volunteer scientists from nine nations , were able to provide rapid , systematic mapping of the damaged area , allowing the investigation of earthquake - induced geo - hazard processes which provided information to relief and recovery officials on the same timeframe as those operations were occurring .
Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima
The photograph was first published in Sunday newspapers on February 25 , 1945 . It was extremely popular and was reprinted in thousands of publications . Later , it became the only photograph to win the Pulitzer Prize for Photography in the same year as its publication , and came to be regarded in the United States as one of the most significant and recognizable images of the war .
Air New Zealand
In 2003 , Air New Zealand added the Airbus A320 airliner to its fleet for use on short - haul international flights . In 2005 , the airline received its first Boeing 777 aircraft ( -- 200ER variant ) , and placed orders for the Boeing 787 Dreamliner in 2004 . The airline later was announced as the launch customer for the - 9 variant of the 787 .
Russian culture
A number of prominent Soviet aerospace engineers , inspired by the theoretical works of Nikolai Zhukovsky , supervised the creation of many dozens of models of military and civilian aircraft and founded a number of KBs ( Construction Bureaus ) that now constitute the bulk of Russian United Aircraft Corporation . Famous Russian airplanes include the first supersonic passenger jet Tupolev Tu - 144 by Alexei Tupolev , MiG fighter aircraft series by Artem Mikoyan and Mikhail Gurevich , and Su series by Pavel Sukhoi and his followers . MiG - 15 is the world 's most produced jet aircraft in history , while MiG - 21 is most produced supersonic aircraft . During World War II era Bereznyak - Isayev BI-1 was introduced as the first rocket - powered fighter aircraft , and Ilyushin Il - 2 bomber became the most produced military aircraft in history . Polikarpov Po - 2 Kukuruznik is the world 's most produced biplane , and Mil Mi - 8 is the most produced helicopter .
iOS 11
The Notes app has a built - in document scanner using the device 's camera , and the feature removes artifacts such as glare and perspective .
Grip (job)
Wrap -- The completion of a shot , a day 's filming or the entire production .
Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport
At about 2 : 30 EST in the morning on February 2 , 2006 , a tornado touched down on the grounds of MSY . The damage from the tornado was significant but primarily confined to Concourse C , where American , United , AirTran Airways , and international arrivals were based . Many temporary repairs dating from Hurricane Katrina failed , including one roof patch , forcing airlines based in the concourse to relocate operations to vacant gates . Jetways and other ground equipment also sustained damage . The damage was confirmed by the National Weather Service as being caused by a tornado rated F1 . By later that year , the tornado related damage had been repaired .
Chroma key
Prior to the introduction of travelling mattes and optical printing , double exposure was used to introduce elements into a scene which were not present in the initial exposure . This was done using black draping where a green screen would be used today . George Albert Smith first used this approach in 1898 . In 1903 , The Great Train Robbery by Edwin S. Porter used double exposure to add background scenes to windows which were black when filmed on set , using a garbage matte to expose only the window areas .
History of photography
The notion that light can affect various substances - for instance the suntanning of skin or fading of textile - must have been around since very early times . Ideas of fixing the image seen in mirrors or other ways of creating images automatically may also have been in people 's mind long before anything like photography was developed . However , there seem to be no historical records of any ideas even remotely resembling photography before 1725 , despite early knowledge of light - sensitive materials and the camera obscura . The
Chroma key
A studio shot taken in front of a green screen will naturally have ambient light the same color as the screen , due to its light scattering . This effect is known as spill . This can look unnatural or cause portions of the characters to disappear , so must be compensated for , or avoided by using a larger screen placed far from the actors . Camera
Photo booth
Once the pictures have been taken , the customers select the pictures that they wish to keep and customize them using a touch screen or pen - sensitive screen . The touch screen then displays a vast array of options such as virtual stamps , pictures , clip art , colorful backdrops , borders , and pens that can be superimposed on the photographs . An
Star Alliance
Member Joined Affiliates Adria Airways 18 November 2004 N / A Aegean Airlines 30 June 2010 Olympic Air Air Canada 14 May 1997 Air Canada Express Air Canada Rouge Air China 12 December 2007 Dalian Airlines Air India 3 July 2014 Alliance Air Air New Zealand 3 May 1999 Air New Zealand Link All Nippon Airways 15 October 1999 Air Japan ANA Wings Asiana Airlines 28 March 2003 Air Seoul Air Busan Austrian Airlines 26 March 2000 N / A Avianca 21 June 2012 Avianca Argentina Avianca Brazil Avianca Costa Rica Avianca Ecuador Avianca El Salvador Avianca Guatemala Avianca Honduras Avianca Peru Brussels Airlines 9 December 2009 N / A Copa Airlines 21 June 2012 Copa Airlines Colombia Croatia Airlines 18 November 2004 N / A EgyptAir 11 July 2008 EgyptAir Express Ethiopian Airlines 13 December 2011 N / A EVA Air 18 June 2013 UNI Air LOT Polish Airlines 26 October 2003 Nordica Airlines Lufthansa 14 May 1997 Air Dolomiti Lufthansa Regional Lufthansa CityLine SunExpress Deutschland Scandinavian Airlines 14 May 1997 Scandinavian Airlines Ireland Shenzhen Airlines 29 November 2012 Kunming Airlines Singapore Airlines 1 April 2000 Silkair South African Airways 10 April 2006 Airlink Mango South African Express Swiss International Air Lines 1 April 2006 Edelweiss Air TAP Air Portugal 14 March 2005 TAP Express Thai Airways 14 May 1997 Thai Smile Turkish Airlines 1 April 2008 AnadoluJet SunExpress United Airlines 14 May 1997 United Express
Color motion picture film
The first color cinematography was by additive color systems such as the one patented by Edward Raymond Turner in 1899 and tested in 1902 . A simplified additive system was successfully commercialized in 1909 as Kinemacolor . These early systems used black - and - white film to photograph and project two or more component images through different color filters .
Boeing B-29 Superfortress
The interned crews of these four B - 29s were allowed to escape into American - occupied Iran in January 1945 but none of the B - 29s were returned after Stalin ordered the Tupolev OKB to examine and copy the B - 29 , and produce a design ready for quantity production as soon as possible .
Artificial turf
Artificial turf has been used at airports . Some artificial turf systems allow for the integration of fiber - optic fibers into the turf . This would allow for runway lighting to be embedded in artificial landing surfaces for aircraft ( or lighting or advertisements to be directly embedded in a playing surface ) .
Iodine-131
Many airports now have radiation detectors to detect the smuggling of radioactive materials that may be used in nuclear weapons manufacture . Patients should be warned that if they travel by air , they may trigger radiation detectors at airports up to 95 days after their treatment with I .
Mohr's circle
The orientation of their planes of action . The maximum shear stresses and orientation of their planes of action . The stress components on a horizontal plane .
Color motion picture film
Film was the dominant form of cinematography until the 2010s , when it was largely replaced by digital cinematography .
San Jose International Airport
San Jose 's first airline flights were Southwest Airways Douglas DC - 3s on the multistop run between San Francisco ( SFO ) and Los Angeles ( LAX ) , starting in 1948 . Southwest then changed its name to Pacific Air Lines which in turn was the only airline serving the airport until 1966 , when Pacific Southwest Airlines ( PSA ) started flying Lockheed L - 188 Electra turboprops nonstop from LAX with this air carrier then adding Boeing 727 - 100 jetliner flights later that year . SJC 's first airline jets were Pacific Air Lines Boeing 727 -- 100 nonstops to LAX earlier in 1966 with the air carrier also operating 727 nonstops to Las Vegas in 1967 . Pacific , which also served the airport with Fairchild F - 27 turboprops , then merged with Bonanza Air Lines and West Coast Airlines to form Air West which was subsequently renamed Hughes Airwest which in turn continued to serve SJC with McDonnell Douglas DC - 9 - 30 jets before it was acquired by and merged into Republic Airlines ( 1979 - 1986 ) . In 1968 United Airlines arrived , with Boeing 727 nonstop flights from Denver , Chicago and LAX , and Douglas DC - 8 jets from New York and Baltimore . 1988
Long jump
There are three major flight techniques for the long jump : the hang , the sail , and the hitch - kick . Each technique is to combat the forward rotation experienced from take - off but is basically down to preference from the athlete . It is important to note that once the body is airborne , there is nothing that the athlete can do to change the direction they are traveling and consequently where they are going to land in the pit . However , it can be argued that certain techniques influence an athlete 's landing , which can affect the distance measured . For example , if an athlete lands feet first but falls back because they are not correctly balanced , a lower distance will be measured .
Red-eye effect
Professional photographers prefer to use ambient light or indirect flash , as the red - eye reduction system does not always prevent red eyes -- for example , if people look away during the pre-flash . In addition , people do not look natural with small pupils , and direct lighting from close to the camera lens is considered to produce unflattering photographs .