A LoRaWANbased Camel Crossing Alert and Tracking System Vehicle accidents caused by camel crossing is a serious problem in regions where there is a large population of camels. This paper presents a camel alert and tracking system that tracks the locations of camels and warns drivers whenever the camels approach the road. The proposed system consists of four components: collars that are attached to the camels, a control unit located in the area where the system is deployed, warning signs that are fixed along the road, and a system server. In this system, the collar unit will periodically obtain the camel location using GPS and transmit it to the control unit using LoRaWAN. The control unit will process the received data and activate, via a LoRaWAN broadcast, the warning signs if there are camels approaching the road. The control unit will also forward the received data to the server where it will be stored in a database that can be accessed by authorized personals to track and locate camels. A prototype has been built and tested to validate the proposed system. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the system in terms of functionality, safety, and cost.

LoRaWAN for Smart City IoT Deployments: A Long Term Evaluation LoRaWAN is a LowPowerWide Area Network (LPWAN) technology designed for Internetof Things (IoT) deployments; this paper presents experiences from deploying a cityscale network across Southampton, UK. This network was deployed to support an installation of air quality monitors and to explore the capabilities of . This deployment uses a mixture of commercial offtheshelf gateways and custom gateways. These gateway locations were chosen based on network access, site permission and accessibility, and are not necessarily the best locations theoretically. Over 135,000 messages have been transmitted by the twenty devices analysed. Over the course of the complete deployment,     72 . 4     of the messages were successfully received by the data server. Of the messages that were received, 99 were received within 10   s    of transmission. We conclude that is an applicable communication technology for cityscale air quality monitoring and other smart city applications.