Incorporating Worker Awareness in the Generation of Hazard Proximity Warnings Proximity warning systems for construction sites do not consider whether workers are already aware of the hazard prior to issuing warnings. This can generate redundant and distracting alarms that interfere with worker ability to adopt timely and appropriate avoidance measures; and cause alarm fatigue, which instigates workers to habitually disable the system or ignore the alarms; thereby increasing the risk of injury. Thus, this paper integrates the fieldofview of workers as a proxy for hazard awareness to develop an improved hazard proximity warning system for construction sites. The research first developed a rulebased model for the warning generation, which was followed by a virtual experiment to evaluate the integration of worker fieldofview in alarm generation. Based on these findings, an improved hazard proximity warning system incorporating worker fieldofview was developed for field applications that utilizes wearable inertial measurement units and localization sensors. The systemxe2x80x99s effectiveness is illustrated through several case studies. This research provides a fresh perspective to the growing adoption of wearable sensors by incorporating the awareness of workers into the generation of hazard alarms. The proposed system is anticipated to reduce unnecessary and distracting alarms which can potentially lead to superior safety performance in construction.

Proof of concept of a projectionbased safety system for humanrobot collaborative engine assembly In the past years humanrobot collaboration has gained interest among industry and production environments. While there is interest towards the topic, there is a lack of industrially relevant cases utilizing novel methods and technologies. The feasibility of the implementation, worker safety and production efficiency are the key questions in the field. The aim of the proposed work is to provide a conceptual safety system for contextdependent, multimodal communication in humanrobot collaborative assembly, which will contribute to safety and efficiency of the collaboration. The approach we propose offers an addition to traditional interfaces like push buttons installed at fixed locations. We demonstrate an approach and corresponding technical implementation of the system with projected safety zones based on the dynamically updated depth map and a graphical user interface (GUI). The proposed interaction is a simplified twoway communication between human and the robot to allow both parties to notify each other, and for the human to coordinate the operations.