Information Trading in Internet of Things for Smart Cities: A MarketOriented Analysis IoT technology is a fundamental infrastructure for information transmission and integration in smart city implementations to achieve effective finegrained city management, efficient operations, and improved life quality of citizens. Smartcity IoT systems usually involve high volume and a variety of information circulation. The information lifecycle also involves many parties, stakeholders, and entities such as individuals, businesses, and government agencies with their own objectives which needed to be incentivized properly. As such, recent studies have modeled smartcity IoT systems as a market, where information is treated as a commodity by market participants. In this work, we first present a general informationcentric system architecture to analyze smartcity IoT systems. We then discuss features of marketoriented approaches in IoT, including market incentive, IoT service pattern, information freshness, and social impacts. System design challenges and related works are also reviewed. Finally, we optimize information trading in smartcity IoT systems, considering direct and indirect network externalities in a social domain.

Blockchain for Managing Heterogeneous Internet of Things: A Perspective Architecture IoT has the potential to transform the way we think about information and communication technology. IoT has been studied extensively across many disciplines such as the networking, communication, security, business, and management communities. However, many unsolved challenges, especially in managing heterogeneous IoTs, remain to be discussed. Recent studies propose using blockchain, an emerging technology that enables decentralized coordination, to address inherent challenges in IoT. This article presents a preliminary study on an architecture that implements blockchain in managing heterogeneous IoT systems. We start by pointing out the limitations of prior IoT systems and the difficulties of integrating IoT and blockchain. Then we outline an architecture to manage a largescale heterogeneous IoT system. Our main goal is to stimulate further effort and crossdisciplinary collaboration by providing guidance and reference for future studies.