Communication Aspects of the Integration of Wireless IoT Devices with Distributed Ledger Technology The pervasive need to safely share and store information between devices calls for the replacement of centralized trust architectures with decentralized ones. DLTs are seen as the most promising enabler of decentralized trust, but they still lack technological maturity, and their successful adoption depends on the understanding of the fundamental design tradeoffs and their reflection in the actual technical design. This work focuses on the challenges and potential solutions for an effective integration of DLTs in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). We first introduce the landscape of IoT applications and discuss the limitations and opportunities offered by DLTs. Then we review the technical challenges encountered in the integration of resourceconstrained devices with distributed trust networks. We describe the common traits of lightweight synchronization protocols, and propose a novel classification rooted in the IoT perspective. We identify the need for receiving ledger information at the endpoint devices, implying a twoway data exchange that contrasts with the conventional uplinkoriented communication technologies intended for IoT systems.

Contractconnection:An efficient communication protocol for Distributed Ledger Technology Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is promising to become the foundation of many decentralised systems. However, the unbalanced and unregulated network layout contributes to the inefficiency of DLT especially in Internet of Things (IoT) environments, where nodes connect to only a limited number of peers. The data communication speed globally is unbalanced and does not live up to the constraints of efficient realtime distributed systems. In this paper, we introduce a new communication protocol, which enables nodes to calculate the tradeoff between connectingdisconnecting a peer in a completely decentralised manner. The network layout globally is continuously rebalancing and optimising along with nodes adjusting their peers. This communication protocol weakened the inequality of the communication network. The experiment suggests this communication protocol is stable and efficient.