The nested structure of urban business clusters Although the cluster theory literature is bountiful in economics and regional science, there is still a lack of understanding of how the geographical scales of analysis (neighbourhood, city, region) relate to one another and impact the observed phenomenon, and to which extent the clusters are industrially bound or geographically consistent. In this paper, we cluster spatial economic activities through a multiscalar approach following percolation theory. We consider both the industrial similarity and the geographical proximity of firms, through their joint probability function which is constructed as a copula. This gives rise to an emergent nested hierarchy of geoindustrial clusters, which enables us to analyse the relationships between the different scales, and specific industrial sectors. Using longitudinal business microdata from the Office for National Statistics, we look at the evolution of clusters which spans from very local groups of businesses to the metropolitan level, in 2007 and in 2014, so that the changes stemming from the financial crisis can be observed.

Detecting IntraUrban Housing Market Spillover through a Spatial Markov Chain Model This study analyzed the spillovers among intraurban housing submarkets in Beijing, China. Intraurban spillover imposes a methodological challenge for housing studies from the spatial and temporal perspectives. Unlike the interurban spillover, the range of every submarket is not naturally defined; therefore, it is impossible to evaluate the intraurban spillover by standard timeseries models. Instead, we formulated the spillover effect as a Markov chain procedure. The constrained clustering technique was applied to identify the submarkets as the hidden states of Markov chain and estimate the transition matrix. Using a daybyday transaction dataset of secondhand apartments in Beijing during 2011xe2x80x932017, we detected 16 submarketsregions and the spillover effect among these regions. The highest transition probability appeared in the overlapped region of urban core and Tongzhou district. This observation reflects the impact of urban planning proposal initiated since early 2012. In addition to the policy consequences, we analyzed a variety of spillover xe2x80x9ctypesxe2x80x9d through regression analysis. The latter showed that the xe2x80x9cripplexe2x80x9d form of spillover is not dominant at the intraurban level. Other types, such as the spillover due to the existence of price depressed regions, play major roles. This observation reveals the complexity of intraurban spillover dynamics and its distinct drivingforce compared to the interurban spillover.