Postal Development: Literature Review into Adoption Models The changing postal landscape and rise of digitalization powered by the multiple technology revolutions of the 21st century has prompted Postal Operators across the world to expand their services well beyond the original (traditional) service of merely delivering letters which started more than 100 years ago. However, according to the Postal Development Report of 2018, compiled by the Universal Postal Union (UPU), the majority of Postal Operators are under performing on the Integrated Index for Postal Development (2IPD) that measures four dimensions of postal development: relevance, resilience, reach and reliability. The purpose of the study was to review literature on the 2IPD, Industry 4.0, Technology Adoption and Technology Diffusion as key determinants that could lead to postal excellence. The literature points to postal development as a function of postal excellence. Literature further points to adoption and diffusion variables as key determinants for adoption and diffusion of disruptive technologies.

Towards Industry 4.0? Digital Maturity of the Manufacturing Industry in a Swedish Region The purpose of this paper is to assess the digital maturity of the manufacturing industry in a Swedish region. Data is collected using a survey conducted among the manufacturing industry in the region. Variables are based on prior research on digital maturity and Industry 4.0, and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. An initial finding was that several of the small organizations within the manufacturing industry does not have a basic digital presence in the form of a website, email or social media accounts, which calls for alternative approaches when assessing and developing digital maturity among these actors. The results from the survey reveal that perceived potential of digitalization and organizational enablers are ranked higher than actual operationalizations in the form of technology implementations and projects. Moreover, the digital maturity varies on variables such as organization size, location of customer base, and level of technological output. Organizations with a high degree of female employees perceive a higher digital maturity concerning some variables, which is an interesting subject for further studies. The overall conclusion is that a large part of the industrial sector in the region has not implemented anything that resemble the concept of Industry 4.0 in the literature.