Integrated thermal management of a 150kW pilot Open Compute Project style data center Data centers are core to modern digital society, however their growth and increased enduse energy demand has brought them under focus from both the electrical energy providers and governments. This paper presents operational monitoring of a publicly funded energy and cost efficient pilot data center built in the north of Sweden, which has one pod populated with legacy Open Compute Project (OCP) information technology (IT) hardware, that is cooled and powered in a similar vein to the large scale OCP data centers that are operating today, using direct air with evaporative function for both cooling and humidification and no centralised Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS). The function of the data center POD1 is achieved via the use of a chain of opensource software that monitors and orchestrates IT workload in a predefined approach to measure and deploy its operation. The first stage of the data center development effort has concentrated on a unified approach to environmental control that effectively combines both the direct fresh air with the IT level cooling control that demonstrates a consistently low Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) of less than 1.04.

GreenFlowing: A Green Way of Reducing Electricity Cost for Cloud Data Center Using Heterogeneous ESDs In this paper, we propose a scheduling scheme called GreenFlowing to reduce the electricity cost for a cloud data center by leveraging heterogeneous ESDs. In our model, the data center can be powered by intermittent green energy like wind and solar, and the electricity with timevarying prices from the power grid. The energy from different sources can also choose to flow into longterm or shortterm ESDs for later use. Note that, the former can sustain energy for a long time but with low chargingdischarging rate, while the latter can chargedischarge very fast but with high energy leakage that can sustain energy only for a few hours. By combining them together, the energy cost can further be reduced. However, it is hard to decide when and how much energy from different sources should be used to power the data center directly or charged into different types of ESDs. We formulate our scheduling into a largescale linear programming (LP) problem, which can be solved using CPLEX. Numerical experiments show that our scheduling can significantly reduce the total electricity cost for a cloud data center.