Are you hearing or listening? The effect of task performance in verbal behavior with smart speaker * Human has an ability to adjust utterance depending on the state of interlocutor. In this study, we explore the verbal behaviors of human through interaction with two smart speakers that have different level of task competence. We analyzed (1) linguistic behaviors appeared in userxe2x80x99s utterance, (2) length of the uttered speech, and (3) required pragmatics skills to understand the userxe2x80x99s intent. As a result, there were no significant difference in linguistic behaviors and length of the speech while user interacts with speakers with different task competence. In addition, various pragmatics elements were equally utilized and especially, implied intentions were frequently observed in userxe2x80x99s short utterance even under simple interaction scenarios.

A Preliminary Analysis of Learners Social Behavioral Cues When Interacting with Language Learning Robots and IoT Based Toys This paper reports a pilot study of an ongoing project focusing on analyzing learnersu0027 social behavioral cues as learners interact with an English learning environment constructed by language learning robots and IoT based toys. In accordance with Vygotskyu0027s sociocultural perspective that learning process occurs when learners interact with the external world, this study observes and analyzes learning process taking place in the realworld learning situations through the lens of social behavioral cues. A qualitative method of interaction analysis is used to understand learnersu0027 social behavioral cues when they interact with robots, IoT based toys, and other persons or objects present at the English learning environment. With interaction analysis, this study aims at identifying what kind of social behavioral cues observed in the English learning environment. The frequently observed social behavioral cues reflect learnersu0027 learning situation and inform the design of learning activities and the development of learning technologies. With such findings, this study hopes to initiate the awareness and endeavors to facilitate learnersu0027 learning by supporting diverse types of social interaction when they engage in the learning activities with robots and IoT based toys.