Concept and Validation of a Largescale Humanmachine Safety System Based on Realtime UWB Indoor Localization * In production line, the conventional industrial robots and automatic machines require machinery safety protection to guarantee the safety of human operators. A scalable and easytoconFigure safety system concept called xe2x80x9cRealtime Safety Virtual Positioningxe2x80x9d (RSVP) is proposed, which could act as potentially key enabler for agile production systems by eliminating fixed safety installation and thus increasing productivity and flexibility. The RSVP provides easy access to robots of automatic assembly lines in plants, e.g., automotive OEM, and supports virtualization and transparent to fully automatic and semiautomatic assembly line by knowing the position of persons and relevant objects (e.g., tools, finished andor semifinished goods, and materials). The focus of the paper will discuss the functional safety certification realization (concept approved by TUV (Technical Inspection Association)) and validation details of indoor localizationbased safety system developments. The detailed strategy of the functional safety requirements, danger diagnosis and reaction approach, communication among safety controller, robot and machine, and safe failure reaction are listed and analyzed. The physical hardware framework and software architecture of the safety system are built and developed with the 1oo2architecture according to the Performance Levels (PL d) of ISO 13849 and the Safety Integrity Levels (SIL 2) of IEC 61508. The implicated algorithms and data process of the UWBbased (UltraWide Band) indoor localization system are introduced. The safety system concept is validated and verified in an ABS (Antilock Braking System) production line with humanrobot coexistence environment.

Proof of concept of a projectionbased safety system for humanrobot collaborative engine assembly In the past years humanrobot collaboration has gained interest among industry and production environments. While there is interest towards the topic, there is a lack of industrially relevant cases utilizing novel methods and technologies. The feasibility of the implementation, worker safety and production efficiency are the key questions in the field. The aim of the proposed work is to provide a conceptual safety system for contextdependent, multimodal communication in humanrobot collaborative assembly, which will contribute to safety and efficiency of the collaboration. The approach we propose offers an addition to traditional interfaces like push buttons installed at fixed locations. We demonstrate an approach and corresponding technical implementation of the system with projected safety zones based on the dynamically updated depth map and a graphical user interface (GUI). The proposed interaction is a simplified twoway communication between human and the robot to allow both parties to notify each other, and for the human to coordinate the operations.