Integration of UAV and FogEnabled Vehicle: Application in PostDisaster Relief In addition to military applications, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have attracted more and more attention in civilian applications such as the postdisaster relief assistance. Indeed, advantages including better lineofsight (LOS), wider communication range and more flexible ondemand deployment make UAVs play a unique role in rescue and disaster scenarios. Emergency tasks assigned to UAVs such as people search and rescue usually require realtime responses, since it is a lifeanddeath matter regarding the postdisaster relief. Considering the limited computing resources and harsh energy supply replenishment for UAVs in the postdisaster relief operations, we in this paper propose a hybrid fog computing paradigm called HFVFC that integrates UAVs and vehicular fog computing (VFC) to run the highly demanding tasks with strict latency requirements. An architecture of HFVFC consisting of three layers is proposed and investigated in this paper, with hope to explore the possibilities of applying this computing paradigm to postdisaster relief operations. Experiments are carried out to evaluate the task offloading in HFVFC compared to UAVtoCloud scheduling strategy. The results show that task offloading in the UAVtoVehicle way can significantly reduce the response latency. Issues not addressed in this paper are also discussed with purpose of providing some insights to the application of integration of UAV and fogenabled vehicle in the postdisaster relief.

Optimizing InterCluster Flights of PostDisaster Communication Support UAVs In the aftermath of largescale disasters, critical communication infrastructure is often destroyed. Ad hoc networks can restore wireless communication with basic functionalities, especially for civilians in the affected areas. However, as humans form groups and tend to stay around important locations like shelters in such situations, the network is highly intermittent. Autonomous Unmanned Aerial Vehicles can act as controllable and highly mobile data carriers between separated network clusters to enable delaytolerant intercluster communication. A possible heterogeneous set of usable aerial vehicles and the necessity to adapt the system to various environments requires the system to be highly flexible. Combined with severe constraints in energy usage or number of available vehicles, there is a need to increase the efficiency of intercluster flights. In this paper, we present approaches to optimize intercluster flights based on communication performance and energy efficiency. The resulting optimization model is a powerful tool for operators to adjust system settings to match required demands.