Reference Model of Elearning and Quality to Establish Interoperability in Higher Education Systems this is the extended research work where we tried to add more sections in Quality instruments to their role in achieving interoperability in elearning and quality. In this paper we included more reference models such as experiences of Quality instruments affected by demographic criteria. In Higher education systems ELearning faces two major challenges, first to ensure the interoperability of ELearning (IEL) and secondly, developing quality learning through eLearning. This research studies the concept, scope and dimensions of interoperability of ELearning in education with special reference to King Khalid University then the connection and interdependence between with quality development. To impart learning and teaching through Elearning, KKU has adopted Learning Management Services (LMS) through Blackboard. The university has three types of learning and teaching methods; full online, Blended and Supportive. In this paper we have described the dimensions of quality and the standards of E Learning for the objectives of IEL and quality development (QD) in KKU. The research is based principally on secondary data observed from KKU ELearning deanship. Also sample of 20 ELearning experts at KKU were given closed ended as well as semi closed questionnaires for evaluating the assurance of IEL and QD. These experts are mainly certified online facilitators and admin staff. Results provide the verification of application and presence of IEL and assured the QD process in KKU in imparting knowledge.

Indicators of Quality Assurance in Higher Learning Institutions: A Review Changes in the provision of education and the drive to meet the sustainable development goals in education has contributed to the establishment of higher learning institutions. To support these developments, the emphasis on quality assurance (QA) in these higher learning institutions has triggered QA assessments and monitoring. The purpose of this study was to review the indicators of QA in higher learning institutions. Based on the concepts on which QA is examined in higher learning institutions, a methodology was adopted. A number of key indicators at the input, process and outcome concept of QA examination have been revealed. These indicators are relevant to implement in existing and new QA systems of higher learning institutions. To policy makers, government and regulators, the study provides insights on the development of QA assessment and monitoring tools. The identified indicators of QA and the proposed QA framework can be reengineered in QA systems of higher learning institutions of different contexts.