A Generic Knowledgebased Model for Commercial Offers: Towards a Unified Model to Configure Products, Services and PSS During Calls for Tenders Today, consumption patterns are changing: firstly, customers (private and industrial ones) want more and more products and services that can be personalized to their needs, and secondly, they are more and more willing to pay for usage of a product rather than ownership. Companies have therefore to adapt their catalog of solutions by putting on the market customizable and suitable solutions going from products to services, including all their possible combinations. The aim of this article is to propose a generic knowledgebased model, dedicated to commercial offers configuration, which can cope with all the diversity of solutions a company can deliver. Up to our knowledge, even if some works on product, service and productservice system exist, none is generic enough to support such commercial offer configuration while bidding. In this paper, after a brief stateoftheart, the need of a generic model is set up. Then, a unified model is proposed and illustrated on usecases coming from industrial situations.

Design a personalised product service system utilising a multiagent system Abstract   To help achieve sustainability, reduce the risk of uncertainty, and fulfil a variety of customer needs, the concept of a Product Service System has evolved for use as a business model. While previous studies have addressed PSS development, there is yet no dynamic methodology enabling a PSS to adjust quickly to external changes and customer response. With that gap in mind, this paper presents a MultiAgentbased Personalised Product Service System (MAPPSS) system. MAPPSS provides a reliable method for analysis which is applicable in various pervasive environments. With this proposed system, users are able to select expected service characteristics, after which service composition is conducted by selecting related products and services from a database. In a comparison of existing systems using different scenarios, we show that customer acceptance, energy utilization, and product utilization generate a twodigit improvement with the proposed system, while profit and costs may increase slightly. When using the proposed method, the competence of an enterprise can be enhanced as a result of these useroriented features. The performance monitoring and iterating elements of the system allow an almost immediate improvement in the generated PSS.