New Product Development (NPD) Process in the Context of Industry 4.0 Industry 4.0 consisting of smart, connected and autonomous manufacturing systems is fast becoming a reality. In view of this, industries are making radical changes in their manufacturing systems to adapt to new and evolving climate of manufacturing. Secondly, the Industry 4.0 implementation is bridging the differences between product design and design of product service systems (PSS). One can see a strong and inevitable coupling among product design, process design and production system design. All these aspects call for revisiting new product development (NPD) processes and to modify the same in the context of new manufacturing settings. This paper identifies key changes needed in NPD process and proposes a new structure to derive value accrued by embracing Industry 4.0 technologies. The research has been carried out in the context of machine tool industry and proposed changes have been ratified by industry experts.

Towards the Management of the Development of ProductService Systems in Business Ecosystems  StateoftheArt The mechanical engineering industry faces major challenges due to digital transformation. Business model innovation is needed to uncover new sales potential and sustain a competitive advantage. A trend towards servitization is gaining traction  products and services are merging into integrated ProductService Systems (PSS), providing a higher added value to customers. By cooperating with companies of different sizes and branches that bring novel competencies, resources and market channels, a holistic development over the entire PSS lifecycle is enabled. Business ecosystems emerge if this defined value proposition materializes through the interaction of its actors. The increased organizational and technological interdependencies within this system calls for adequate management. The aim of this paper is to present a stateoftheart literature research related to the management of the development of a PSS within business ecosystems. Literature from six databases and one search engine was reviewed systematically. The result of the paper is the derivation of 18 fields of action formulating the basis for the design of a management concept.