Traffic FeatureBased Botnet Detection Scheme Emphasizing the Importance of Long Patterns The botnet detection is imperative. Among several detection schemes, the promising one uses the communication sequences. The main idea of that scheme is that the communication sequences represent special feature since they are controlled by programs. That sequence is tokenized to truncated sequences by ngram and the numbers of each patternxe2x80x99s occurrence are used as a feature vector. However, although the features are normalized by the total number of all patternsxe2x80x99 occurrences, the number of occurrences in larger n are less than those of smaller n. That is, regardless of the value of n, the previous scheme normalizes it by the total number of all patternsxe2x80x99 occurrences. As a result, normalized long patternsxe2x80x99 features become very small value and are hidden by others. In order to overcome this shortcoming, in this paper, we propose a traffic featurebased botnet detection scheme emphasizing the importance of long patterns. We realize the emphasizing by two ideas. The first idea is normalizing occurrences by the total number of occurrences in each n instead of the total number of all patternsxe2x80x99 occurrences. By doing this, smaller occurrences in larger n are normalized by smaller values and the feature becomes more balanced with larger value. The second idea is giving weights to the normalized features by calculating ranks of the normalized feature. By weighting features according to the ranks, we can get more outstanding features of longer patterns. By the computer simulation with real dataset, we show the effectiveness of our scheme.

Hybrid Botnet Detection Based on Host and Network Analysis Botnet is one of the most dangerous cybersecurity issues. The botnet infects unprotected machines and keeps track of the communication with the command and control server to send and receive malicious commands. The attacker uses botnet to initiate dangerous attacks such as DDoS, fishing, data stealing, and spamming. The size of the botnet is usually very large, and millions of infected hosts may belong to it. In this paper, we addressed the problem of botnet detection based on networkxe2x80x99s flows records and activities in the host. Thus, we propose a general technique capable of detecting new botnets in early phase. Our technique is implemented in both sides: host side and network side. The botnet communication traffic we are interested in includes HTTP, P2P, IRC, and DNS using IP fluxing. HANABot algorithm is proposed to preprocess and extract features to distinguish the botnet behavior from the legitimate behavior. We evaluate our solution using a collection of real datasets (malicious and legitimate). Our experiment shows a high level of accuracy and a low false positive rate. Furthermore, a comparison between some existing approaches was given, focusing on specific features and performance. The proposed technique outperforms some of the presented approaches in terms of accurately detecting botnet flow records within Netflow traces.