Digital HRM Model for Process Optimization by Adoption of Industry 4.0 Technologies The 4th Industrial Revolution, the digitalisation of industry, is transforming the operation of industries; automated, autonomous and decentralised. This transformation is changing the roles and responsibilities of personnel, requiring transformation of Human Resource Management (HRM) functionalities. A digital model of all HRM activities is created by simulation of HRM business process models. Business process models graphically detail the steps for execution of all HRM activities from recruitment and development of employees to conflict resolution. To align to the need of digitalisation, the digital HRM model is developed into a HRM optimisation model that analyses the impacts of application of Industry 4.0 technologies. The model identifies the applicable Industry 4.0 technologies for each of the HRM business activities and evaluates the personnel time requirements, energy demand and carbon dioxide emissions of each technology or technology mix towards identification of the optimum business activity execution methodology. The results of the model provides essential information for selection of the business activity for reengineering towards digitalisation and the appropriate Industry 4.0 technology for application for optimum business results.

Approach for Implementing Industry 4.0 Framework in the Steel Industry The advancements of the Steel Industry require a fully integrated manufacturing and business system for realtime decision making. The main challenge in the Steel Industry is the disconnection between the shop floor systems such as Manufacturing Execution System (MES) and business systems such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). The production process of Steel Industries requires visibility of operations, planning and scheduling, lead times, quality management, machine health, maintenance planning, to name but a few aspects. This study investigates current technologies and investments employed by steel companies and how to leverage these existing investments to attain a smart enterprise and subsequently manage current and future steel demands efficiently. Industry 4.0 simplifies the approach to implement complex systems in a structured and logical manner in manufacturing organisations. This paper deliberates the Industry 4.0 framework and the path to implement Industry 4.0 in the steel sector.