Design of a control system for a miniautomatic transplanting machine of plug seedling Abstract   In China, vegetable production system has been dominated by small and mediumsized agricultural facilities over the openfield cultivational practices. Low ceiling height and narrow width are dimensional attributes associated with most of these facilities. Due to these dimensional parametric constraints, the application of available field transplanting machinery in such facilities is a problematic subject which leads the vegetable growers towards manual transplanting. In order to meet the needs of small and mediumsized agricultural facilities for automatic vegetable transplanting, a smaller size wireless remotecontrolled automatic transplanting machine was designed, which can transplant seedlings quickly in the greenhouse and by considering the stainability of environment electric power was adopted to drive all the mechanisms. In the process of agricultural production, the control system of agricultural machinery plays an important role in the degree of automation of mechanical equipment. Therefore, this paper focuses on the design of the control system of the newly premeditated automatic transplanting machine. The hardware of the control system is separated into three portions: the sensors for signal acquisition, the programmable controller for signal processing, and the driving elements for specific actions. PLC (Programmable logic controller) is adopted as the central control system of the transplanting machines which controls the automatic movement of seedlings tray carrier, seedlings extraction and feeding, and seedlings transmission to the planting units automatically. In order to control the overall movement of seedling transplanting machine, a microcontroller is adapted to control the hub and steering motor. The key driving elements of the control system are solenoid valves and electric motors which controls the action of pneumatic air cylinders and linear movement of different parts of machine respectively. The overall software design of the control system is accomplished, together with coordinated motion between components, control flow design and control program writing. In order to test the motion coordination of each component and the rationality of the control system of the MiniAutomatic transplanting machine, different planting frequencies were set to record the success rate of seedling collection and transplanting. The results of the trials exhibited that at the planting frequencies of 40, 50 and 60 plantsrowmin the overall success rates were noted 98.6%, 97.2% and 96.5% respectively. It shows that the key parts of the transplanting machine are synchronized in motion, accurate in positioning, reasonable in assembling the control system and stable in operation, which meets the requirements of transplanting seedlings in the dry land.

Interactive Cultivation System for the Future IoTBased Agriculture As initiatives to increase Japanu0027s declining food selfsufficiency rate and revitalize the field of agriculture, the concept of smart agriculture and urban agriculture are currently being implemented. Automation via Artificial Intelligence is expected to overcome the labor shortage in the agricultural industry. However, the number of skilled farmers who can contribute to gathering crop growth data required for machine learning is restricted, and these data are also limited to localand environmentalbased conditions. In this paper, we propose a system for obtaining composite growth data in various environments and crops targeted for home gardens and paddy fields. An interactive cultivation sensing system consisting of IoTbased technologies is designed and realized to ensure the continuous growth of crops in optimum conditions daily. With this, progress will be made in determining the efficient cultivation conditions for machine learning, and in finding solutions to future problems of agriculture.