Effect of Cation on Efficiency of Aspegillus flavus Bioflocculant Produced from Chicken Viscera Hydrolysate Abstractxe2x80x94  The cations are needed as stimulants for effective flocculation by the cationdependent bioflocculants. Addition of metal ions (cations) can counterbalance anionic functional groups of both bioflocculant and solid particles thereby increasing the bioflocculant adsorption to suspended particles. In the present study, addition of all dose of both Ca 2  and Mg 2  stimulated the efficiency of the bioflocculant with optimum flocculation efficiency of 95% recorded with 5 mL of 1% Ca 2  .  While lower dose (1 xe2x80x93 2 mL) of Al 3  also stimulated the bioflocculant to about 94%, Na   and Fe 3  inhibited flocculation at all doses tested. K   slightlyenhanced the flocculation at 4  10mL of 1%. The present cationic bioflocculant can be suggested as a substitute for chemical flocculants.

Colloidal Influence Factor of Bioflocculant in Coagulation of Chromium and Nitrobenzene The aim of this study is to investigate the flocculation capacity of activated sludge flocculant in chromium ion and nitrobenzene solutions. Besides comparing with activated carbon, we changed some potential factors which may influence the flocculation, such as solution pH value, reaction time, flocculant dosage, and solution initial concentration, and tested the flocculation capacity of this bioflocculant for both chromium and nitrobenzene. In addition, the flocculation of activated sludge after acidic or alkali modification for double solutions was also estimated. Compared with activated carbon, the activated sludge flocculant showed a good flocculation capacity for nitrobenzene, but poor flocculation for chromium following the initial concentration increase. The flocculation for nitrobenzene or chromium increased at initial stage and decreased gradually following the primary dosage of flocculant increase. The flocculation for nitrobenzene increased at the primary stage and decreased after peak, while the flocculation for chromium increased following the pH increase of both solutions. Although the flocculation for nitrobenzene decreased, the flocculation for chromium increased obviously, when we prolonged the reaction time. The flocculant showed a gradual increasing trend in double kinds of solution when they were heating. The flocculation for both nitrobenzene and chromium decreased after acid modification of activated sludge flocculant, while the flocculation increased after basic modification. The present research provided further theoretical basis of the biosorption of heavy metal waste water and nitrobenzene organic toxicants.