Sharing Manipulated Heart Rate Feedback in Collaborative Virtual Environments We have explored the effects of sharing manipulated heart rate feedback in collaborative virtual environments. In our study, we created two types of different virtual environments (active and passive) with different levels of interactions and provided three levels of manipulated heart rate feedback (decreased, unchanged, and increased). We measured the effects of manipulated feedback on Social Presence, affect, physical heart rate, and overall experience. We noticed a significant effect of the manipulated heart rate feedback in affecting scariness and nervousness. The perception of the collaboratoru0027s valance and arousal was also affected where increased heart rate feedback perceived as a higher valance and lower arousal. Increased heart rate feedback decreased the real heart rate. The type of virtual environments had a significant effect on social presence, heart rate, and affect where the active environment had better performances across these measurements. We discuss the implications of this and directions for future research.

The Effect of Two Different Types of HumanComputer Interactions on Users Emotion in Virtual Counseling Environment Previous studies have suggested that different types of humancomputer interactions (HCI) have different impact on useu0027s emotional responses in virtual environment. In this study, we investigat the effects of two different types of HCI, including controllerbased interaction and speechbased interaction, on useru0027s emotion in a virtual counseling environment. To achieve this end, we first develop a virtual counseling environment which enable each participant acted as a counselor to help a depressed virtual woman. We then assess the emotional intensity of each participant after they experienced 2030 minutesu0027 consultation in either controllerbased or speechbased interaction condition. Our results show that, although there is no significant difference in emotional intensity between two different interaction conditions, participants in speechbased condition show relatively stronger emotion than these in controllerbased condition.