Transfer and Commercialization of Technologies from Universities to Small Companies in South Africa Worldwide many universities have a significant role in the socioeconomic development of their countries and regions. One avenue for universities to achieve this role is through the transfer and commercialization of their technologies to resourceconstrained small, medium enterprises (SMEs). A surveybased study was conducted to establish the factors that enable and restrain the transfer and commercialization of technology from South African publiclyfunded universities (transferor) to SMEs (transferee), as well as to recommend how the restraining factors could be addressed. The sample consisted of researchers and technology managers drawn from entrepreneurs and six Gauteng universities. Respondents rated each of the ten literaturederived enabling factors and ten literature derived restraining factors to technology transfer and commercialization from universities to SMEs. Results show the top two enabling factors to be absorptive capacity of the transferee; and transferoru0027s attitude towards TT and commercialization. The top two restraining factors are university bureaucracy and the university performance evaluation system. Measures to deal with the top four restraining factors are suggested and useful insights are provided by the research findings.

Framework for Alliance Capabilities: A Study in Malaysian UniversityIndustry R&D Alliances Industry 4.0 radically disrupts manufacturing technologies, and also fundamentally impacts societal wellbeing. In Malaysia, Ru0026D and innovation play a strategic role to ensure a smooth migration into Industry 4.0. However, the current levels of Ru0026D and innovation are still inadequate. Hence, various national polices have called for greater universityindustry Ru0026D alliances. To increase these Ru0026D alliances, further research on xe2x80x98alliance capabilityxe2x80x99 is needed. Alliance capabilities can be analyzed at the macrolevel or microlevel. Currently, there is limited knowledge on how Ru0026D universityindustry alliances operate at the microlevel. Therefore, this study aims to construct a framework on how microlevel alliance capabilities influence Ru0026D alliance success.