Coverage and Routing Hole Detection in Cyberphysical Network Paradigm A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a key enabler of the Internet of Things (IoT), a cyberphysical network paradigm. It provides a powerful tool to monitor a wide range of arenas including hazardous fields of interest. In view of random deployment of nodes in the sensing field and limited resource constraints, existence of coverage and routing holes in WSNs drastically degrades the network performance and quality of service. This paper focuses on detecting dead zones or holes in the network and also helps the network administrators to mitigate the problem before it hampers the whole network functioning. The feedback based proposed protocol performs multicast routing and supports the presence of multiple sinks in the network. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed algorithm in identifying holes.

A distributed coverage hole recovery approach based on reinforcement learning for Wireless Sensor Networks Abstract   In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), various anomalies may arise and reduce their reliability and efficiency. For example, Coverage Hole can occur in such networks due to several causes, such as damaging events, sensors battery exhaustion, hardware failure, and software bugs. Modern trends to use relocation of deployed sensor nodes when the manual addition of nodes is neither doable nor economical in many applications have attracted attention. The lack of central supervision and control in harsh and hostile environments have encouraged researchers to shift from centralized to distributed node relocation schemes. In this paper, a new game theory approach based on reinforcement learning to recover Coverage Holes in a distributed way is proposed. For the formulated potential game, sensor nodes can recover Coverage Holes using only local acquaintances. To reduce the coverage gaps, the combined action of node reposition and sensing range adjustment is chosen by each sensor node. The simulation results prove that, unlike previous methods, the proposed approach can sustain a network overall coverage in the presence of random damage events.