Consortium BlockchainBased Architecture for Cyberattack Signatures and Features Distribution One of the effective ways of detecting malicious traffic in computer networks is intrusion detection systems (IDS). Though IDS identify malicious activities in a network, it might be difficult to detect distributed or coordinated attacks because they only have single vantage point. To combat this problem, cooperative intrusion detection system was proposed. In this detection system, nodes exchange attack features or signatures with a view of detecting an attack that has previously been detected by one of the other nodes in the system. Exchanging of attack features is necessary because a zeroday attacks (attacks without known signature) experienced in different locations are not the same. Although this solution enhanced the ability of a single IDS to respond to attacks that have been previously identified by cooperating nodes, malicious activities such as fake data injection, data manipulation or deletion and data consistency are problems threatening this approach. In this paper, we propose a solution that leverages blockchainu0027s distributive technology, tamperproof ability and data immutability to detect and prevent malicious activities and solve data consistency problems facing cooperative intrusion detection. Focusing on extraction, storage and distribution stages of cooperative intrusion detection, we develop a blockchainbased solution that securely extracts features or signatures, adds extra verification step, makes storage of these signatures and features distributive and data sharing secured. Performance evaluation of the system with respect to its response time and resistance to the featuressignatures injection is presented. The result shows that the proposed solution prevents stored attack features or signature against malicious data injection, manipulation or deletion and has low latency.

Snort Based Collaborative Intrusion Detection System Using Blockchain in SDN Due to the rapid increment of the cyber attacks, intrusion detection system (IDS) is shifting towards collaborative approaches. There is a huge demand for securing larger networking environments for providing a safeguard against threats. In order to optimize the feasible detection performance, Collaborative Intrusion Detection Networks (CIDN) approaches have been adopted in practical scenarios, which enables a group of IDS nodes to mutually share and exchange mandatory information with each other, for example, IDSsignatures, attacks alarms. However, CIDN networks are distributed in nature, such networks still face plenty of implementation problems, especially, insider intruder can easily dominate any of security node and leave the entire security system vulnerable. To achieve the trustbased communication between each of IDS node, the recent advancement in blockchain applications is considered as a good fit to create trustbased communication in CIDN networks. This work converges CIDN network and blockchain in SDN context. Firstly, we investigated existing related work and highlighted challenges and research gap towards blockchain in CIDN networks. Secondly, we utilised three collaborated Snort IDS to receive the latest signature update from Ryu and then to securely share such signatures updates to all other Snort nodes within testbed. Our work is motivated to detect seven types of common attacks with collaborated signaturebased IDS, which feasibly processes more packets to achieve satisfactory detection results. Overall the evaluation results show that with the adoption of blockchain protocols, the proposed CIDN network achieves 96% of TP rate detection rate for TCP, UDP and ICMP packets.