Automated Well Water Contamination Tester and Web Service Clean water sustains life. Contamination puts health at risk. Municipal water in developed regions is regulated by government environmental protection agencies, but wellwater is not regulated. Wellwater typically has recommended water tests and recommended maximum allowed levels of key contaminants, but the responsibility falls to the owner of the well. Many wellowners do not have the training or resources to coordinate annual water tests, interpret the test results and take appropriate treatment actions, if necessary. The goal of this study was to develop an automatic water testing system and record the results in a web service database accessible by the well owner and appropriate stakeholders. An Arduino based testing system was developed that tested for pH level, coliform bacteria, total dissolved solids (TDS), and lead. These four tests do not cover all the regulated contaminants, but these test values would be affected by many of the other contaminants of interest. Thus, these four water tests can serve a screening function, to warn if water contamination levels may be changing and need closer examination by a certified water testing service. The prototype obtained sampled water from a reservoir, but the envisioned system would have the water intake mechanism directly connected to the plumbing of the building to automatically obtain samples. The function of the prototype appears promising. The test results were sent by WiFi over an HTTP Request to a web service that was developed for this project. The web service received HTTP requests, had a SQL database, and frontend web pages for user system configuration and observation of test results. Further testing and development are necessary toward deployment. Such a homebased automatic testing system would reduce the risk of wellwater being contaminated, but still being consumed because the wellowner did not realize the level of the contamination. Risk to health for many people who rely on wellwater would be reduced.

Testing and Proof of Concept for Automated Leak Detection Using Wireless Sensors: A Pilot Study for Johannesburg Water Company The main objective of automated leak detection is the deployment of wireless sensor network (WSN) system for the continuous monitoring of the urban water supply networks in pursuit to early detection of leaks in order to achieve reduction of real losses within water distribution networks. This research work provides insight on the processes and activities in the run up to the pilot test conducted at Midrand: Johannesburg (Country View) including the findings made on the status of the pipe network. The project is initiated by University of Johannesburg (UJ) and Johannesburg Water (JW) in collaboration with Process Energy u0026 Environmental Technology Station (PEETS) and SMEu0027s as part of digitilising water demand management in pursuit to reduction of high levels of NonRevenue Water. The performance of this innovative automated leak detection monitoring system has been tested and evaluated through a pilot deployment of wireless sensors in a controlled environment under real condition in the City of Johannesburg, Midrand Region. This paper is a continuation of the work done on integration of Small and Medium Enterprises for Industry 4.0 in the South African Water Services Sector specifically looking at business innovative water demand management technologies and entrepreneurship.