Preliminary Design of a WaveguideFed Milimeter Wave Metasurface Antenna with LCD Controlled Array Factor for 5G User Equipment The millimeter wave (mmW) band in 5G communication promises wide bandwidth for high data rate throughput, however the available area on cellular user equipment (UE) is quite limited, and 2 dimensional phased array occupies a large area and is fairly complicated. In this article we explore the possibility a waveguidefed millimeter wave metasurface antenna for 28 GHz band. The element is a generic Tmetasurface, and LCD control of array factor is suggested with a glass lens to focus the beam. A fan shape beam is generated from this antenna with maximum gain around 16.7 dB. This design may serve the 5G mmW communication with simpler structure to nearby small cell station.

DoA Estimation Using Reconfigurable Antennas in MillimiterWave Frequency 5G Systems To achieve low latency and high throughputs, future 5G systems will have to utilize complex antenna systems able to provide beamforming and directionofarrival (DoA) estimation capabilities. Most of the concepts available in the literature rely on analog or digital beamforming, which is well developed and can be used both at a base station and in a user terminal. However, in applications, in which energyefficiency or cost is one of the key concerns, the use of traditional beamforming systems is limited. To overcome this limitation, reconfigurable antennas can be used as they rely on a simple but effective concept, in which a transceiver is connected to a single input port and beamforming capabilities are enabled by a number of passive elements electronically switched via transceiveru0027s digital inputoutput ports. In the article, we show how simple singleinput mmwave reconfigurable antenna can be used to provide not only beamforming but also DoA capabilities relying on received signal strength measurements. Therefore, the proposed approach can be applied in future 5G millimeterwave nodes or gateways, in which lowcost and powerefficiency are important.