Blockchain and IoT Based Formal Model of Smart Waste Management System Using TLA The mechanism of integrating smart nodes with each other using a network to communicate, share information is known as Internet of Things (IoT). The usage and simulation of IoT infrastructure in every field is increasing rapidly. Blockchain technology refers to as the interconnected nodes within a network which are independent of each other work as a network. Any node can be a part of blockchain by the permission granted from blocks of blockchain. Blockchain technology is one of the most popular technologies which is used to make processes secured and enhance security of the system. There are many components of smart city which are based on IoT and blockchain technology such as smart water monitoring, sewerage, parking, homes, street lightening, offices, campuses and waste management. We have addressed smart waste management system in which we have integrated different techniques for providing modeling of smart waste management system using IoT and blockchain. The integrated technologies include blockchain, IoT, Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Temporal Logic of Actions (TLA) for modeling and automating waste management system. There are many operations defined in our model include identification of waste material, trace location, send to trash, categorize waste, transfer waste, recycling and decisionmaking process. Blockchain based UML model represents the system working in detail. Further UML models are converted into formal model to validate the proposed model formally. The proposed model provides the proof of correctness, preciseness and completeness of our proposed model using TLA specification language.

Trusted collection, management and sharing of data based on blockchain and IoT devices This paper takes the Internet of Things(lot) and Blockchain technology as the research direction, and makes a comprehensive analysis of the trusted data collection, management and sharing at the device end of the Internet of Things. It mainly solves the problems of data acquisition, data protocol, data application and data security, and provides solutions. The Internet of Things (IOT) technology is used to solve the problems of mass data information collection, multicommunication protocol integration, directional data acquisition and analysis, sensor direct acquisition and application, and wireless Internet of Things integration. Block chain technology is used to solve multicenter data acquisition and storage, data traceability can not be tampered with, data sharing is safe and reliable.