Smart manufacturing and DVSM based on an Ontological approach Abstract   Smart manufacturing is characterized as transparent shop floor production, rapid and intelligent responses to dynamic changes, and a utilization of highperformance intercooperation networks. Smart manufacturing and a global appetite for personalized products have transitioned industry from mass production into the age of mass customization. Increased autonomy is slowly changing customer expectations as well, enabling customers to modify a product design not only during an order, but sometimes even long after placing an order. In this context, this paper fills a gap by presenting a datacentric infrastructure to enable interaction with a xe2x80x9cglobal, virtual data space,xe2x80x9d which overcomes the problems with traditional direct access methods such as interoperability and compatibility. Using a CyberPhysical System (CPS), resource monitoring on the shopfloor as well as multiple parities beyond the enterprise boundary will be interconnected through this datacentric infrastructure. A semantic knowledge management system, which encompasses product lifecycle knowledge and manufacturing process ontology, is developed as the data schema in the datacentric infrastructure. In comparison to relational databases which are effective at handling paper forms and tabular structure, the flexible schema of graph databases enable these to handle dynamic and uncertain variables. These capabilities are deemed critical for a platform supporting realtime information exchange between customer, manufacturer and collaborators. One advantage of such a system allowing for realtime information exchange is that it enables last minute order changes by the customer, allowing for product design changes even after production has started on the order. The other advantage is that it allows manufacturing managers to monitor the productivity of customerdirected, dynamic manufacturing processes by utilizing Dynamic Value Stream Mapping (DVSM) methods.

An Industrial Marketplace  the Smart Factory Web Approach and Integration of the International Data Space Smart Factory Web is a platform for smart factories to enable flexible sharing and management of assets and resources to maximize efficiency and provide visibility on a global market. To join the Smart Factory Web, participants describe their factory capabilities, which are modelled in an ontology. AutomationML is used to assist with this modelling. OPC UA is used as a communication protocol for factory livedata from the machines. However, factory owners are hesitant to share critical production data. Therefore, the communication has to be secure and in the best case, provide control mechanisms for the data owners. The International Data Space is a peertopeer network that will support secure exchange of data and data usage control. In this paper, the Smart Factory Web approach is discussed and extended by an implementation with the current state of the International Data Space.