Using Open Source Data to Identify Transit Deserts in Four Major Chinese Cities The concept of transit deserts stems from the concept of food deserts. There is substantial research on transit deserts in developed countries. However, there is no known research that has studied this subject in Chinese cities. Using opensource data, this paper identified transit desert areas in four major Chinese cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan, Chengdu). The results show that: (1) In these four cities, the transit desert areas are mainly concentrated in city centers and hardly occur in any suburban areas, which is very different from the cases in the US. (2) Shanghai has the largest transitdependent population living in transit deserts, followed by Beijing, Chengdu, and Wuhan. Chengdu has the smallest transit desert areas, followed by Shanghai, Wuhan, and Beijing. (3) An oversized transitdependent population and incomplete transit systems in these cities might contribute to the transit desertsxe2x80x99 occurrences. (4) Different distribution of population density, traveling preference, and transportation investment policy in Chinese and American cities might contribute to the different findings. By examining transit desert problems in major Chinese cities, this study brought peoplexe2x80x99s attention to the gap between transit demand and supply in China.

Chinaxe2x80x99s prefectural digital divide: Spatial analysis and multivariate determinants of ICT diffusion Abstract   Much research has made efforts to elaborate upon different dimensions to the digital divide, including informational and communications technology (ICT) access, ICT usage, and ICT outcomes. We assess the utility of such perspectives for studying digital inequality across prefectural cities in China. China is the worldu0027s largest ICT market in terms of the number of mobile devices in use, internet users, and broadband subscriptions, yet it has notable digital inequality within and between provinces, prefectural cities, and counties. In this study, we built a conceptual framework of digital divides for prefectural cities in China, examined spatial agglomeration using cluster analysis, and explored the leading correlates using a geographicallyweighted regression (GWR) model. A large digital divide among the prefectural cities in China was revealed, with cities with a high administrative level having a relatively high digital development index(DDI) score. Prefectural cities with high DDI levels are mainly agglomerated in large metropolitan areas, such as Beijingxe2x80x93Tianjinxe2x80x93Hebei, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the West Coast Economic Zone of the Taiwan Straits. Prefectural cities with low DDI levels are concentrated in the ruralmountainous regions in southwest China and povertystricken areas in central and western China. This study also found that the leading determinants of the digital divide are urban residential income, the secondary education gross enrollment ratio, rural residential income, and the working age population ratio, which indicates that socioeconomic problems, rather than institution and innovation aspects, have to be solved for improving ICT use and outcomes.