Implementation of IoT Networks Based on MQTT for Wildlife Monitoring System With the widespread use of the Internet of Things (IoT), use cases in IoT have been considered for solving social problems in various fields such as agriculture, welfare, disaster prevention, and transportation infrastructure. Additionally, crop damage caused by animals is a common occurrence all over the world. An example of such damage is the damage to agricultural crops and threat to elderly people owing to animals in Hakusan city, Ishikawa prefecture, where the Hakusan campus of the authorsu0027 university is located. Presently, measures against damage caused by animals are being implemented by installing animal traps and cages; however, it is necessary to patrol the conditions of capture, thereby increasing human effort. To solve this problem, the authors considered a wildlife monitoring system to remotely manage a cage by using a sensor or camera with Internet connectivity. Assuming that a large number of IoT devices would be used in such a system, the authors visualize a high network load problem. Therefore, the authors aim to reduce the load on the IoT network. In this paper, the part of the wildlifemonitoring system that is concerned the evaluation and consideration of network using MQTT is described.

A Wearable Device Network to Track Animal Behavior and Relationships in the Wild The advancements in sensor technology have made it possible to design wearable devices specifically designed for animals. These wearable devices can be used for locating individual animals, monitor their status, and track their trajectories in the wild. Some animal groups (such as chimpanzees) exhibit complex group behavior and these group dynamics play an important role in the physical and mental health of the animals. Scientists have traditionally been monitoring group dynamics manually in the wild. This requires extensive field trips, costing a lot of time and money. This calls for using the recent developments in technology, such as smart wearable devices for this purpose. However, lack of infrastructure support (limited connectivity, limited power, etc.) in the wilderness makes this a tedious task. In this workinprogress paper, we present our technological approach and how we address the issues of wilderness to study animal behavior. We demonstrate how we build a network of lightweight wearable devices, and how the digital output of these devices can be used to analyze animal relationship. We show an initial, exploratory experiment, outlining the capabilities of the devices and technologies used in terms of communication efficiency, and the potential of the devices that can be used in the wilderness. Our initial results show that up to 90% of the proximitybased interactions can be captured.