Title: Suriname Rechtsinstituut

URL: https://www.sris.sr/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/Comprehensive-Nuclear-Test-Ban-Treaty-3.pdf

Content:
Alomvattend Kernstopverdrag, New York, 10-09-1996
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
Preamble
The States Parties to this Treaty (hereinafter referred to as “the States Parties"),
Welcoming the international agreements and other positive measures of recent years in the field of
nuclear disarmament, including reductions in arsenals of nuclear weapons, as well as in the field of
the prevention of nuclear proliferation in all its aspects,
Underlining the importance of the full and prompt implementation of such agreements and measures,
Convinced that the present international situation provides an opportunity to take further effective
measures towards nuclear disarmament and against the proliferation of nuclear weapons in all its
aspects, and declaring their intention to take such measures,
Stressing therefore the need for continued systematic and progressive efforts to reduce nuclear
weapons globally, with the ultimate goal of eliminating those weapons, and of general and complete
disarmament under strict and effective international control,
Recognizing that the cessation of all nuclear weapon test explosions and all other nuclear explosions,
by constraining the development and qualitative improvement of nuclear weapons and ending the
development of advanced new types of nuclear weapons, constitutes an effective measure of nuclear
disarmament and non-proliferation in all its aspects,
Further recognizing that an end to all such nuclear explosions will thus constitute a meaningful step in
the realization of a systematic process to achieve nuclear disarmament,
Convinced that the most effective way to achieve an end to nuclear testing is through the conclusion
of a universal and internationally and effectively verifiable comprehensive nuclear test-ban treaty,
which has long been one of the highest priority objectives of the international community in the field of
disarmament and non-proliferation,
Noting the aspirations expressed by the Parties to the 1963 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in
the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water to seek to achieve the discontinuance of all test
explosions of nuclear weapons for all time,
Noting also the views expressed that this Treaty could contribute to the protection of the environment,
Affirming the purpose of attracting the adherence of all States to this Treaty and its objective to

contribute effectively to the prevention of the proliferation of nuclear weapons in all its aspects, to the
process of nuclear disarmament and therefore to the enhancement of international peace and
security,
Have agreed as follows:
Article I. Basic obligations
1. Each State Party undertakes not to carry out any nuclear weapon test explosion or any other
nuclear explosion, and to prohibit and prevent any such nuclear explosion at any place under its
jurisdiction or control.
2. Each State Party undertakes, furthermore, to refrain from causing, encouraging, or in any way
participating in the carrying out of any nuclear weapon test explosion or any other nuclear
explosion.
Article II. The organization
A. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1. The States Parties hereby establish the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty Organization
(hereinafter referred to as “the Organization”) to achieve the object and purpose of this Treaty, to
ensure the implementation of its provisions, including those for international verification of
compliance with it, and to provide a forum for consultation and cooperation among States Parties.
2. All States Parties shall be members of the Organization. A State Party shall not be deprived of its
membership in the Organization.
3. The seat of the Organization shall be Vienna, Republic of Austria.
4. There are hereby established as organs of the Organization: the Conference of the States Parties,
the Executive Council and the Technical Secretariat, which shall include the International Data
Centre.
5. Each State Party shall cooperate with the Organization in the exercise of its functions in
accordance with this Treaty. States Parties shall consult, directly among themselves, or through
the Organization or other appropriate international procedures, including procedures within the
framework of the United Nations and in accordance with its Charter, on any matter which may be
raised relating to the object and purpose, or the implementation of the provisions, of this Treaty.
6. The Organization shall conduct its verification activities provided for under this Treaty in the least
intrusive manner possible consistent with the timely and efficient accomplishment of their
objectives. It shall request only the information and data necessary to fulfil its responsibilities
under this Treaty. It shall take every precaution to protect the confidentiality of information on civil

and military activities and facilities coming to its knowledge in the implementation of this Treaty
and, in particular, shall abide by the confidentiality provisions set forth in this Treaty.
7. Each State Party shall treat as confidential and afford special handling to information and data that
it receives in confidence from the Organization in connection with the implementation of this
Treaty. It shall treat such information and data exclusively in connection with its rights and
obligations under this Treaty.
8. The Organization, as an independent body, shall seek to utilize existing expertise and facilities, as
appropriate, and to maximize cost efficiencies, through cooperative arrangements with other
international organizations such as the International Atomic Energy Agency. Such arrangements,
excluding those of a minor and normal commercial and contractual nature, shall be set out in
agreements to be submitted to the Conference of the States Parties for approval.
9. The costs of the activities of the Organization shall be met annually by the States Parties in
accordance with the United Nations scale of assessments adjusted to take into account
differences in membership between the United Nations and the Organization.
10. Financial contributions of States Parties to the Preparatory Commission shall be deducted in an
appropriate way from their contributions to the regular budget.
11. A member of the Organization which is in arrears in the payment of its assessed contribution to
the Organization shall have no vote in the Organization if the amount of its arrears equals or
exceeds the amount of the contribution due from it for the preceding two full years. The
Conference of the States Parties may, nevertheless, permit such a member to vote if it is satisfied
that the failure to pay is due to conditions beyond the control of the member.
B. THE CONFERENCE OF THE STATES PARTIES
Composition, Procedures and Decision-making
12. The Conference of the States Parties (hereinafter referred to as “the Conference”) shall be
composed of all States Parties. Each State Party shall have one representative in the Conference,
who may be accompanied by alternates and advisers.
13. The initial session of the Conference shall be convened by the Depositary no later than 30 days
after the entry into force of this Treaty.
14. The Conference shall meet in regular sessions, which shall be held annually, unless it decides
otherwise.
15. A special session of the Conference shall be convened:
a) When decided by the Conference;

b) When requested by the Executive Council; or
c) When requested by any State Party and supported by a majority of the States Parties.

The special session shall be convened no later than 30 days after the decision of the Conference, the
request of the Executive Council, or the attainment of the necessary support, unless specified
otherwise in the decision or request.
16. The Conference may also be convened in the form of an Amendment Conference, in accordance
with Article VII.
17. The Conference may also be convened in the form of a Review Conference, in accordance with
Article VIII.
18. Sessions shall take place at the seat of the Organization unless the Conference decides
otherwise.
19. The Conference shall adopt its rules of procedure. At the beginning of each session, it shall elect
its President and such other officers as may be required. They shall hold office until a new
President and other officers are elected at the next session.
20. A majority of the States Parties shall constitute a quorum.
21. Each State Party shall have one vote.
22. The Conference shall take decisions on matters of procedure by a majority of members present
and voting. Decisions on matters of substance shall be taken as far as possible by consensus. If
consensus is not attainable when an issue comes up for decision, the President of the Conference
shall defer any vote for 24 hours and during this period of deferment shall make every effort to
facilitate achievement of consensus, and shall report to the Conference before the end of this
period. If consensus is not possible at the end of 24 hours, the Conference shall take a decision
by a two-thirds majority of members present and voting unless specified otherwise in this Treaty.
When the issue arises as to whether the question is one of substance or not, that question shall
be treated as a matter of substance unless otherwise decided by the majority required for
decisions on matters of substance.
23. When exercising its function under paragraph 26 k), the Conference shall take a decision to add
any State to the list of States contained in Annex 1 to this Treaty in accordance with the procedure
for decisions on matters of substance set out in paragraph 22. Notwithstanding paragraph 22, the
Conference shall take decisions on any other change to Annex 1 to this Treaty by consensus.
Powers and Functions
24. The Conference shall be the principal organ of the Organization. It shall consider any questions,

matters or issues within the scope of this Treaty, including those relating to the powers and
functions of the Executive Council and the Technical Secretariat, in accordance with this Treaty. It
may make recommendations and take decisions on any questions, matters or issues within the
scope of this Treaty raised by a State Party or brought to its attention by the Executive Council.
25. The Conference shall oversee the implementation of, and review compliance with, this Treaty and
act in order to promote its object and purpose. It shall also oversee the activities of the Executive
Council and the Technical Secretariat and may issue guidelines to either of them for the exercise
of their functions.
26. The Conference shall:
a) Consider and adopt the report of the Organization on the implementation of this Treaty and the
annual programme and budget of the Organization, submitted by the Executive Council, as
well as consider other reports;
b) Decide on the scale of financial contributions to be paid by States Parties in accordance with
paragraph 9;
c) Elect the members of the Executive Council;
d) Appoint the Director-General of the Technical Secretariat (hereinafter referred to as “the
Director-General”);
e) Consider and approve the rules of procedure of the Executive Council submitted by the latter;
f) Consider and review scientific and technological developments that could affect the operation
of this Treaty. In this context, the Conference may direct the Director-General to establish a
Scientific Advisory Board to enable him or her, in the performance of his or her functions, to
render specialized advice in areas of science and technology relevant to this Treaty to the
Conference, to the Executive Council, or to States Parties. In that case, the Scientific Advisory
Board shall be composed of independent experts serving in their individual capacity and
appointed, in accordance with terms of reference adopted by the Conference, on the basis of
their expertise and experience in the particular scientific fields relevant to the implementation
of this Treaty;
g) Take the necessary measures to ensure compliance with this Treaty and to redress and
remedy any situation that contravenes the provisions of this Treaty, in accordance with Article
V;
h) Consider and approve at its initial session any draft agreements, arrangements, provisions,
procedures, operational manuals, guidelines and any other documents developed and
recommended by the Preparatory Commission;
i)

Consider and approve agreements or arrangements negotiated by the Technical Secretariat
with States Parties, other States and international organizations to be concluded by the
Executive Council on behalf of the Organization in accordance with paragraph 38 (h);

j)

Establish such subsidiary organs as it finds necessary for the exercise of its functions in
accordance with this Treaty; and

k) Update Annex 1 to this Treaty, as appropriate, in accordance with paragraph 23.

C. THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL
Composition, Procedures and Decision-making
27. The Executive Council shall consist of 51 members. Each State Party shall have the right, in
accordance with the provisions of this Article, to serve on the Executive Council.
28. Taking into account the need for equitable geographical distribution, the Executive Council shall
comprise:
a) Ten States Parties from Africa;
b) Seven States Parties from Eastern Europe;
c) Nine States Parties from Latin America and the Caribbean;
d) Seven States Parties from the Middle East and South Asia;
e) Ten States Parties from North America and Western Europe; and
f) Eight States Parties from South-East Asia, the Pacific and the Far East.

All States in each of the above geographical regions are listed in Annex 1 to this Treaty. Annex 1 to
this Treaty shall be updated, as appropriate, by the Conference in accordance with paragraphs 23
and 26 k). It shall not be subject to amendments or changes under the procedures contained in Article
VII.
29. The members of the Executive Council shall be elected by the Conference. In this connection,
each geographical region shall designate States Parties from that region for election as members
of the Executive Council as follows:
a) At least one-third of the seats allocated to each geographical region shall be filled, taking into
account political and security interests, by States Parties in that region designated on the basis
of the nuclear capabilities relevant to the Treaty as determined by international data as well as
all or any of the following indicative criteria in the order of priority determined by each region:
(i) Number of monitoring facilities of the International Monitoring System;
(ii) Expertise and experience in monitoring technology; and
(iii) Contribution to the annual budget of the Organization;
b) One of the seats allocated to each geographical region shall be filled on a rotational basis by
the State Party that is first in the English alphabetical order among the States Parties in that
region that have not served as members of the Executive Council for the longest period of time
since becoming States Parties or since their last term, whichever is shorter. A State Party
designated on this basis may decide to forgo its seat. In that case, such a State Party shall
submit a letter of renunciation to the Director-General, and the seat shall be filled by the State
Party following next-in-order according to this sub-paragraph; and

c) The remaining seats allocated to each geographical region shall be filled by States Parties
designated from among all the States Parties in that region by rotation or elections.

30. Each member of the Executive Council shall have one representative on the Executive Council,
who may be accompanied by alternates and advisers.
31. Each member of the Executive Council shall hold office from the end of the session of the
Conference at which that member is elected until the end of the second regular annual session of
the Conference thereafter, except that for the first election of the Executive Council, 26 members
shall be elected to hold office until the end of the third regular annual session of the Conference,
due regard being paid to the established numerical proportions as described in paragraph 28.
32. The Executive Council shall elaborate its rules of procedure and submit them to the Conference
for approval.
33. The Executive Council shall elect its Chairman from among its members.
34. The Executive Council shall meet for regular sessions. Between regular sessions it shall meet as
may be required for the fulfilment of its powers and functions.
35. Each member of the Executive Council shall have one vote.
36. The Executive Council shall take decisions on matters of procedure by a majority of all its
members. The Executive Council shall take decisions on matters of substance by a two-thirds
majority of all its members unless specified otherwise in this Treaty. When the issue arises as to
whether the question is one of substance or not, that question shall be treated as a matter of
substance unless otherwise decided by the majority required for decisions on matters of
substance.
Powers and Functions
37. The Executive Council shall be the executive organ of the Organization. It shall be responsible to
the Conference. It shall carry out the powers and functions entrusted to it in accordance with this
Treaty. In so doing, it shall act in conformity with the recommendations, decisions and guidelines
of the Conference and ensure their continuous and proper implementation.
38. The Executive Council shall:
a) Promote effective implementation of, and compliance with, this Treaty;
b) Supervise the activities of the Technical Secretariat;
c) Make recommendations as necessary to the Conference for consideration of further proposals
for promoting the object and purpose of this Treaty;
d) Cooperate with the National Authority of each State Party;

e) Consider and submit to the Conference the draft annual programme and budget of the
Organization, the draft report of the Organization on the implementation of this Treaty, the
report on the performance of its own activities and such other reports as it deems necessary or
that the Conference may request;
f) Make arrangements for the sessions of the Conference, including the preparation of the draft
agenda;
g) Examine proposals for changes, on matters of an administrative or technical nature, to the
Protocol or the Annexes thereto, pursuant to Article VII, and make recommendations to the
States Parties regarding their adoption;
h) Conclude, subject to prior approval of the Conference, agreements or arrangements with
States Parties, other States and international organizations on behalf of the Organization and
supervise their implementation, with the exception of agreements or arrangements referred to
in sub-paragraph (i);
i)

Approve and supervise the operation of agreements or arrangements relating to the
implementation of verification activities with States Parties and other States; and

j)

Approve any new operational manuals and any changes to the existing operational manuals
that may be proposed by the Technical Secretariat.

39. The Executive Council may request a special session of the Conference.
40. The Executive Council shall:
a) Facilitate cooperation among States Parties, and between States Parties and the Technical
Secretariat, relating to the implementation of this Treaty through information exchanges;
b) Facilitate consultation and clarification among States Parties in accordance with Article IV; and
c) Receive, consider and take action on requests for, and reports on, on-site inspections in
accordance with Article IV.

41. The Executive Council shall consider any concern raised by a State Party about possible
non-compliance with this Treaty and abuse of the rights established by this Treaty. In so doing, the
Executive Council shall consult with the States Parties involved and, as appropriate, request a
State Party to take measures to redress the situation within a specified time. To the extent that the
Executive Council considers further action to be necessary, it shall take,inter alia, one or more of
the following measures:
a) Notify all States Parties of the issue or matter;
b) Bring the issue or matter to the attention of the Conference;
c) Make recommendations to the Conference or take action, as appropriate, regarding measures
to redress the situation and to ensure compliance in accordance with Article V.

D. THE TECHNICAL SECRETARIAT

42. The Technical Secretariat shall assist States Parties in the implementation of this Treaty. The
Technical Secretariat shall assist the Conference and the Executive Council in the performance of
their functions. The Technical Secretariat shall carry out the verification and other functions
entrusted to it by this Treaty, as well as those functions delegated to it by the Conference or the
Executive Council in accordance with this Treaty. The Technical Secretariat shall include, as an
integral part, the International Data Centre.
43. The functions of the Technical Secretariat with regard to verification of compliance with this Treaty
shall, in accordance with Article IV and the Protocol, includeinter alia:
a) Being responsible for supervising and coordinating the operation of the International
Monitoring System;
b) Operating the International Data Centre;
c) Routinely receiving, processing, analysing and reporting on International Monitoring System
data;
d) Providing technical assistance in, and support for, the installation and operation of monitoring
stations;
e) Assisting the Executive Council in facilitating consultation and clarification among States
Parties;
f) Receiving requests for on-site inspections and processing them, facilitating Executive Council
consideration of such requests, carrying out the preparations for, and providing technical
support during, the conduct of on-site inspections, and reporting to the Executive Council;
g) Negotiating agreements or arrangements with States Parties, other States and international
organizations and concluding, subject to prior approval by the Executive Council, any such
agreements or arrangements relating to verification activities with States Parties or other
States; and
h) Assisting the States Parties through their National Authorities on other issues of verification
under this Treaty.

44. The Technical Secretariat shall develop and maintain, subject to approval by the Executive
Council, operational manuals to guide the operation of the various components of the verification
regime, in accordance with Article IV and the Protocol. These manuals shall not constitute integral
parts of this Treaty or the Protocol and may be changed by the Technical Secretariat subject to
approval by the Executive Council. The Technical Secretariat shall promptly inform the States
Parties of any changes in the operational manuals.
45. The functions of the Technical Secretariat with respect to administrative matters shall include:
a) Preparing and submitting to the Executive Council the draft programme and budget of the
Organization;
b) Preparing and submitting to the Executive Council the draft report of the Organization on the
implementation of this Treaty and such other reports as the Conference or the Executive

Council may request;
c) Providing administrative and technical support to the Conference, the Executive Council and
other subsidiary organs;
d) Addressing and receiving communications on behalf of the Organization relating to the
implementation of this Treaty; and
e) Carrying out the administrative responsibilities related to any agreements between the
Organization and other international organizations.

46. All requests and notifications by States Parties to the Organization shall be transmitted through
their National Authorities to the Director-General. Requests and notifications shall be in one of the
official languages of this Treaty. In response the Director-General shall use the language of the
transmitted request or notification.
47. With respect to the responsibilities of the Technical Secretariat for preparing and submitting to the
Executive Council the draft programme and budget of the Organization, the Technical Secretariat
shall determine and maintain a clear accounting of all costs for each facility established as part of
the International Monitoring System. Similar treatment in the draft programme and budget shall be
accorded to all other activities of the Organization.
48. The Technical Secretariat shall promptly inform the Executive Council of any problems that have
arisen with regard to the discharge of its functions that have come to its notice in the performance
of its activities and that it has been unable to resolve through consultations with the State Party
concerned.
49. The Technical Secretariat shall comprise a Director-General, who shall be its head and chief
administrative officer, and such scientific, technical and other personnel as may be required. The
Director-General shall be appointed by the Conference upon the recommendation of the
Executive Council for a term of four years, renewable for one further term, but not thereafter. The
first Director-General shall be appointed by the Conference at its initial session upon the
recommendation of the Preparatory Commission.
50. The Director-General shall be responsible to the Conference and the Executive Council for the
appointment of the staff and for the organization and functioning of the Technical Secretariat. The
paramount consideration in the employment of the staff and in the determination of the conditions
of service shall be the necessity of securing the highest standards of professional expertise,
experience, efficiency, competence and integrity. Only citizens of States Parties shall serve as the
Director-General, as inspectors or as members of the professional and clerical staff. Due regard
shall be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on as wide a geographical basis as possible.
Recruitment shall be guided by the principle that the staff shall be kept to the minimum necessary
for the proper discharge of the responsibilities of the Technical Secretariat.
51. The Director-General may, as appropriate, after consultation with the Executive Council, establish

temporary working groups of scientific experts to provide recommendations on specific issues.
52. In the performance of their duties, the Director-General, the inspectors, the inspection assistants
and the members of the staff shall not seek or receive instructions from any Government or from
any other source external to the Organization. They shall refrain from any action that might reflect
adversely on their positions as international officers responsible only to the Organization. The
Director-General shall assume responsibility for the activities of an inspection team.
53. Each State Party shall respect the exclusively international character of the responsibilities of the
Director-General, the inspectors, the inspection assistants and the members of the staff and shall
not seek to influence them in the discharge of their responsibilities.
E. PRIVILEGES AND IMMUNITIES
54. The Organization shall enjoy on the territory and in any other place under the jurisdiction or control
of a State Party such legal capacity and such privileges and immunities as are necessary for the
exercise of its functions.
55. Delegates of States Parties, together with their alternates and advisers, representatives of
members elected to the Executive Council, together with their alternates and advisers, the
Director-General, the inspectors, the inspection assistants and the members of the staff of the
Organization shall enjoy such privileges and immunities as are necessary in the independent
exercise of their functions in connection with the Organization.
56. The legal capacity, privileges and immunities referred to in this Article shall be defined in
agreements between the Organization and the States Parties as well as in an agreement between
the Organization and the State in which the Organization is seated. Such agreements shall be
considered and approved in accordance with paragraph 26 (h) and (i).
57. Notwithstanding paragraphs 54 and 55, the privileges and immunities enjoyed by the
Director-General, the inspectors, the inspection assistants and the members of the staff of the
Technical Secretariat during the conduct of verification activities shall be those set forth in the
Protocol.
Article III. National implementation measures
1. Each State Party shall, in accordance with its constitutional processes, take any necessary
measures to implement its obligations under this Treaty. In particular, it shall take any necessary
measures:
a) To prohibit natural and legal persons anywhere on its territory or in any other place under its
jurisdiction as recognized by international law from undertaking any activity prohibited to a
State Party under this Treaty;

b) To prohibit natural and legal persons from undertaking any such activity anywhere under its
control; and
c) To prohibit, in conformity with international law, natural persons possessing its nationality from
undertaking any such activity anywhere.

2. Each State Party shall cooperate with other States Parties and afford the appropriate form of legal
assistance to facilitate the implementation of the obligations under paragraph 1.
3. Each State Party shall inform the Organization of the measures taken pursuant to this Article.
4. In order to fulfil its obligations under the Treaty, each State Party shall designate or set up a
National Authority and shall so inform the Organization upon entry into force of the Treaty for it.
The National Authority shall serve as the national focal point for liaison with the Organization and
with other States Parties.
Article IV. Verification
A. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1. In order to verify compliance with this Treaty, a verification regime shall be established consisting
of the following elements:
a) An International Monitoring System;
b) Consultation and clarification;
c) On-site inspections; and
d) Confidence-building measures.

At entry into force of this Treaty, the verification regime shall be capable of meeting the verification
requirements of this Treaty.
2. Verification activities shall be based on objective information, shall be limited to the subject matter
of this Treaty, and shall be carried out on the basis of full respect for the sovereignty of States
Parties and in the least intrusive manner possible consistent with the effective and timely
accomplishment of their objectives. Each State Party shall refrain from any abuse of the right of
verification.
3. Each State Party undertakes in accordance with this Treaty to cooperate, through its National
Authority established pursuant to Article III, paragraph 4, with the Organization and with other
States Parties to facilitate the verification of compliance with this Treaty by,inter alia:
a) Establishing the necessary facilities to participate in these verification measures and
establishing the necessary communication;
b) Providing data obtained from national stations that are part of the International Monitoring

System;
c) Participating, as appropriate, in a consultation and clarification process;
d) Permitting the conduct of on-site inspections; and
e) Participating, as appropriate, in confidence-building measures.

4. All States Parties, irrespective of their technical and financial capabilities, shall enjoy the equal
right of verification and assume the equal obligation to accept verification.
5. For the purposes of this Treaty, no State Party shall be precluded from using information obtained
by national technical means of verification in a manner consistent with generally recognized
principles of international law, including that of respect for the sovereignty of States.
6. Without prejudice to the right of States Parties to protect sensitive installations, activities or
locations not related to this Treaty, States Parties shall not interfere with elements of the
verification regime of this Treaty or with national technical means of verification operating in
accordance with paragraph 5.
7. Each State Party shall have the right to take measures to protect sensitive installations and to
prevent disclosure of confidential information and data not related to this Treaty.
8. Moreover, all necessary measures shall be taken to protect the confidentiality of any information
related to civil and military activities and facilities obtained during verification activities.
9. Subject to paragraph 8, information obtained by the Organization through the verification regime
established by this Treaty shall be made available to all States Parties in accordance with the
relevant provisions of this Treaty and the Protocol.
10. The provisions of this Treaty shall not be interpreted as restricting the international exchange of
data for scientific purposes.
11. Each State Party undertakes to cooperate with the Organization and with other States Parties in
the improvement of the verification regime, and in the examination of the verification potential of
additional monitoring technologies such as electromagnetic pulse monitoring or satellite
monitoring, with a view to developing, when appropriate, specific measures to enhance the
efficient and cost-effective verification of this Treaty. Such measures shall, when agreed, be
incorporated in existing provisions in this Treaty, the Protocol or as additional sections of the
Protocol, in accordance with Article VII, or, if appropriate, be reflected in the operational manuals
in accordance with Article II, paragraph 44.
12. The States Parties undertake to promote cooperation among themselves to facilitate and
participate in the fullest possible exchange relating to technologies used in the verification of this
Treaty in order to enable all States Parties to strengthen their national implementation of
verification measures and to benefit from the application of such technologies for peaceful

purposes.
13. The provisions of this Treaty shall be implemented in a manner which avoids hampering the
economic and technological development of the States Parties for further development of the
application of atomic energy for peaceful purposes.
Verification Responsibilities of the Technical Secretariat
14. In discharging its responsibilities in the area of verification specified in this Treaty and the
Protocol, in cooperation with the States Parties the Technical Secretariat shall, for the purpose of
this Treaty:
a) Make arrangements to receive and distribute data and reporting products relevant to the
verification of this Treaty in accordance with its provisions, and to maintain a global
communications infrastructure appropriate to this task;
b) Routinely through its International Data Centre, which shall in principle be the focal point within
the Technical Secretariat for data storage and data processing:
(i) Receive and initiate requests for data from the International Monitoring System;
(ii) Receive data, as appropriate, resulting from the process of consultation and clarification,
from on-site inspections, and from confidence-building measures; and
(iii) Receive other relevant data from States Parties and international organizations in
accordance with this Treaty and the Protocol;
c) Supervise, coordinate and ensure the operation of the International Monitoring System and its
component elements, and of the International Data Centre, in accordance with the relevant
operational manuals;
d) Routinely process, analyse and report on International Monitoring System data according to
agreed procedures so as to permit the effective international verification of this Treaty and to
contribute to the early resolution of compliance concerns;
e) Make available all data, both raw and processed, and any reporting products, to all States
Parties, each State Party taking responsibility for the use of International Monitoring System
data in accordance with Article II, paragraph 7, and with paragraphs 8 and 13 of this Article;
f) Provide to all States Parties equal, open, convenient and timely access to all stored data;
g) Store all data, both raw and processed, and reporting products;
h) Coordinate and facilitate requests for additional data from the International Monitoring System;
i)

Coordinate requests for additional data from one State Party to another State Party;

j)

Provide technical assistance in, and support for, the installation and operation of monitoring
facilities and respective communication means, where such assistance and support are
required by the State concerned;

k) Make available to any State Party, upon its request, techniques utilized by the Technical
Secretariat and its International Data Centre in compiling, storing, processing, analysing and
reporting on data from the verification regime; and
l)

Monitor, assess and report on the overall performance of the International Monitoring System

and of the International Data Centre.

15. The agreed procedures to be used by the Technical Secretariat in discharging the verification
responsibilities referred to in paragraph 14 and detailed in the Protocol shall be elaborated in the
relevant operational manuals.
B. THE INTERNATIONAL MONITORING SYSTEM
16. The International Monitoring System shall comprise facilities for seismological monitoring,
radionuclide monitoring including certified laboratories, hydroacoustic monitoring, infrasound
monitoring, and respective means of communication, and shall be supported by the International
Data Centre of the Technical Secretariat.
17. The International Monitoring System shall be placed under the authority of the Technical
Secretariat. All monitoring facilities of the International Monitoring System shall be owned and
operated by the States hosting or otherwise taking responsibility for them in accordance with the
Protocol.
18. Each State Party shall have the right to participate in the international exchange of data and to
have access to all data made available to the International Data Centre. Each State Party shall
cooperate with the International Data Centre through its National Authority.
Funding the International Monitoring System
19. For facilities incorporated into the International Monitoring System and specified in Tables 1-A,
2-A, 3 and 4 of Annex 1 to the Protocol, and for their functioning, to the extent that such facilities
are agreed by the relevant State and the Organization to provide data to the International Data
Centre in accordance with the technical requirements of the Protocol and relevant operational
manuals, the Organization, as specified in agreements or arrangements pursuant to Part I,
paragraph 4 of the Protocol, shall meet the costs of:
a) Establishing any new facilities and upgrading existing facilities, unless the State responsible
for such facilities meets these costs itself;
b) Operating and maintaining International Monitoring System facilities, including facility physical
security if appropriate, and application of agreed data authentication procedures;
c) Transmitting International Monitoring System data (raw or processed) to the International Data
Centre by the most direct and cost-effective means available, including, if necessary, via
appropriate communications nodes, from monitoring stations, laboratories, analytical facilities
or from national data centres; or such data (including samples where appropriate) to laboratory
and analytical facilities from monitoring stations; and
d) Analysing samples on behalf of the Organization.

20. For auxiliary network seismic stations specified in Table 1-B of Annex 1 to the Protocol the
Organization, as specified in agreements or arrangements pursuant to Part I, paragraph 4 of the
Protocol, shall meet the costs only of:
a) Transmitting data to the International Data Centre;
b) Authenticating data from such stations;
c) Upgrading stations to the required technical standard, unless the State responsible for such
facilities meets these costs itself;
d) If necessary, establishing new stations for the purposes of this Treaty where no appropriate
facilities currently exist, unless the State responsible for such facilities meets these costs itself;
and
e) Any other costs related to the provision of data required by the Organization as specified in the
relevant operational manuals.

21. The Organization shall also meet the cost of provision to each State Party of its requested
selection from the standard range of International Data Centre reporting products and services, as
specified in Part I, Section F of the Protocol. The cost of preparation and transmission of any
additional data or products shall be met by the requesting State Party.
22. The agreements or, if appropriate, arrangements concluded with States Parties or States hosting
or otherwise taking responsibility for facilities of the International Monitoring System shall contain
provisions for meeting these costs. Such provisions may include modalities whereby a State Party
meets any of the costs referred to in paragraphs 19 (a) and 20 (c) and (d) for facilities which it
hosts or for which it is responsible, and is compensated by an appropriate reduction in its
assessed financial contribution to the Organization. Such a reduction shall not exceed 50 per cent
of the annual assessed financial contribution of a State Party, but may be spread over successive
years. A State Party may share such a reduction with another State Party by agreement or
arrangement between themselves and with the concurrence of the Executive Council.
The agreements or arrangements referred to in this paragraph shall be approved in accordance with
Article II, paragraphs 26 h) and 38 (i).
Changes to the International Monitoring System
23. Any measures referred to in paragraph 11 affecting the International Monitoring System by means
of addition or deletion of a monitoring technology shall, when agreed, be incorporated into this
Treaty and the Protocol pursuant to Article VII, paragraphs 1 to 6.
24. The following changes to the International Monitoring System, subject to the agreement of those
States directly affected, shall be regarded as matters of an administrative or technical nature
pursuant to Article VII, paragraphs 7 and 8:

a) Changes to the number of facilities specified in the Protocol for a given monitoring technology;
and
b) Changes to other details for particular facilities as reflected in the Tables of Annex 1 to the
Protocol (including,inter alia, State responsible for the facility; location; name of facility; type of
facility; and attribution of a facility between the primary and auxiliary seismic networks).

If the Executive Council recommends, pursuant to Article VII, paragraph 8 d), that such changes be
adopted, it shall as a rule also recommend pursuant to Article VII, paragraph 8 g), that such changes
enter into force upon notification by the Director-General of their approval.
25. The Director-General, in submitting to the Executive Council and States Parties information and
evaluation in accordance with Article VII, paragraph 8 b), shall include in the case of any proposal
made pursuant to paragraph 24:
a) A technical evaluation of the proposal;
b) A statement on the administrative and financial impact of the proposal; and
c) A report on consultations with States directly affected by the proposal, including indication of
their agreement.

Temporary Arrangements
26. In cases of significant or irretrievable breakdown of a monitoring facility specified in the Tables of
Annex 1 to the Protocol, or in order to cover other temporary reductions of monitoring coverage,
the Director-General shall, in consultation and agreement with those States directly affected, and
with the approval of the Executive Council, initiate temporary arrangements of no more than one
year’s duration, renewable if necessary by agreement of the Executive Council and of the States
directly affected for another year. Such arrangements shall not cause the number of operational
facilities of the International Monitoring System to exceed the number specified for the relevant
network; shall meet as far as possible the technical and operational requirements specified in the
operational manual for the relevant network; and shall be conducted within the budget of the
Organization. The Director-General shall furthermore take steps to rectify the situation and make
proposals for its permanent resolution. The Director-General shall notify all States Parties of any
decision taken pursuant to this paragraph.
Cooperating National Facilities
27. States Parties may also separately establish cooperative arrangements with the Organization, in
order to make available to the International Data Centre supplementary data from national
monitoring stations that are not formally part of the International Monitoring System.
28. Such cooperative arrangements may be established as follows:

a) Upon request by a State Party, and at the expense of that State, the Technical Secretariat
shall take the steps required to certify that a given monitoring facility meets the technical and
operational requirements specified in the relevant operational manuals for an International
Monitoring System facility, and make arrangements for the authentication of its data. Subject
to the agreement of the Executive Council, the Technical Secretariat shall then formally
designate such a facility as a cooperating national facility. The Technical Secretariat shall take
the steps required to revalidate its certification as appropriate;
b) The Technical Secretariat shall maintain a current list of cooperating national facilities and
shall distribute it to all States Parties; and
c) The International Data Centre shall call upon data from cooperating national facilities, if so
requested by a State Party, for the purposes of facilitating consultation and clarification and the
consideration of on-site inspection requests, data transmission costs being borne by that State
Party.

The conditions under which supplementary data from such facilities are made available, and under
which the International Data Centre may request further or expedited reporting, or clarifications, shall
be elaborated in the operational manual for the respective monitoring network.
C. CONSULTATION AND CLARIFICATION
29. Without prejudice to the right of any State Party to request an on-site inspection, States Parties
should, whenever possible, first make every effort to clarify and resolve, among themselves or
with or through the Organization, any matter which may cause concern about possible
non-compliance with the basic obligations of this Treaty.
30. A State Party that receives a request pursuant to paragraph 29 directly from another State Party
shall provide the clarification to the requesting State Party as soon as possible, but in any case no
later than 48 hours after the request. The requesting and requested States Parties may keep the
Executive Council and the Director-General informed of the request and the response.
31. A State Party shall have the right to request the Director-General to assist in clarifying any matter
which may cause concern about possible non-compliance with the basic obligations of this Treaty.
The Director-General shall provide appropriate information in the possession of the Technical
Secretariat relevant to such a concern. The Director-General shall inform the Executive Council of
the request and of the information provided in response, if so requested by the requesting State
Party.
32. A State Party shall have the right to request the Executive Council to obtain clarification from
another State Party on any matter which may cause concern about possible non-compliance with
the basic obligations of this Treaty. In such a case, the following shall apply:
a) The Executive Council shall forward the request for clarification to the requested State Party

through the Director-General no later than 24 hours after its receipt;
b) The requested State Party shall provide the clarification to the Executive Council as soon as
possible, but in any case no later than 48 hours after receipt of the request;
c) The Executive Council shall take note of the clarification and forward it to the requesting State
Party no later than 24 hours after its receipt;
d) If the requesting State Party deems the clarification to be inadequate, it shall have the right to
request the Executive Council to obtain further clarification from the requested State Party.

The Executive Council shall inform without delay all other States Parties about any request for
clarification pursuant to this paragraph as well as any response provided by the requested State
Party.
33. If the requesting State Party considers the clarification obtained under paragraph 32 d) to be
unsatisfactory, it shall have the right to request a meeting of the Executive Council in which States
Parties involved that are not members of the Executive Council shall be entitled to take part. At
such a meeting, the Executive Council shall consider the matter and may recommend any
measure in accordance with Article V.
D. ON-SITE INSPECTIONS
Request for an On-Site Inspection
34. Each State Party has the right to request an on-site inspection in accordance with the provisions
of this Article and Part II of the Protocol in the territory or in any other place under the jurisdiction
or control of any State Party, or in any area beyond the jurisdiction or control of any State.
35. The sole purpose of an on-site inspection shall be to clarify whether a nuclear weapon test
explosion or any other nuclear explosion has been carried out in violation of Article I and, to the
extent possible, to gather any facts which might assist in identifying any possible violator.
36. The requesting State Party shall be under the obligation to keep the on-site inspection request
within the scope of this Treaty and to provide in the request information in accordance with
paragraph 37. The requesting State Party shall refrain from unfounded or abusive inspection
requests.
37. The on-site inspection request shall be based on information collected by the International
Monitoring System, on any relevant technical information obtained by national technical means of
verification in a manner consistent with generally recognized principles of international law, or on a
combination thereof. The request shall contain information pursuant to Part II, paragraph 41 of the
Protocol.
38. The requesting State Party shall present the on-site inspection request to the Executive Council
and at the same time to the Director-General for the latter to begin immediate processing.

Follow-up After Submission of an On-Site Inspection Request
39. The Executive Council shall begin its consideration immediately upon receipt of the on-site
inspection request.
40. The Director-General, after receiving the on-site inspection request, shall acknowledge receipt of
the request to the requesting State Party within two hours and communicate the request to the
State Party sought to be inspected within six hours. The Director-General shall ascertain that the
request meets the requirements specified in Part II, paragraph 41 of the Protocol, and, if
necessary, shall assist the requesting State Party in filing the request accordingly, and shall
communicate the request to the Executive Council and to all other States Parties within 24 hours.
41. When the on-site inspection request fulfils the requirements, the Technical Secretariat shall begin
preparations for the on-site inspection without delay.
42. The Director-General, upon receipt of an on-site inspection request referring to an inspection area
under the jurisdiction or control of a State Party, shall immediately seek clarification from the State
Party sought to be inspected in order to clarify and resolve the concern raised in the request.
43. A State Party that receives a request for clarification pursuant to paragraph 42 shall provide the
Director-General with explanations and with other relevant information available as soon as
possible, but no later than 72 hours after receipt of the request for clarification.
44. The Director-General, before the Executive Council takes a decision on the on-site inspection
request, shall transmit immediately to the Executive Council any additional information available
from the International Monitoring System or provided by any State Party on the event specified in
the request, including any clarification provided pursuant to paragraphs 42 and 43, as well as any
other information from within the Technical Secretariat that the Director-General deems relevant or
that is requested by the Executive Council.
45. Unless the requesting State Party considers the concern raised in the on-site inspection request to
be resolved and withdraws the request, the Executive Council shall take a decision on the request
in accordance with paragraph 46.
Executive Council Decisions
46. The Executive Council shall take a decision on the on-site inspection request no later than 96
hours after receipt of the request from the requesting State Party. The decision to approve the
on-site inspection shall be made by at least 30 affirmative votes of members of the Executive
Council. If the Executive Council does not approve the inspection, preparations shall be stopped
and no further action on the request shall be taken.
47. No later than 25 days after the approval of the on-site inspection in accordance with paragraph 46,

the inspection team shall transmit to the Executive Council, through the Director-General, a
progress inspection report. The continuation of the inspection shall be considered approved
unless the Executive Council, no later than 72 hours after receipt of the progress inspection report,
decides by a majority of all its members not to continue the inspection. If the Executive Council
decides not to continue the inspection, the inspection shall be terminated, and the inspection team
shall leave the inspection area and the territory of the inspected State Party as soon as possible in
accordance with Part II, paragraphs 109 and 110 of the Protocol.
48. In the course of the on-site inspection, the inspection team may submit to the Executive Council,
through the Director-General, a proposal to conduct drilling. The Executive Council shall take a
decision on such a proposal no later than 72 hours after receipt of the proposal. The decision to
approve drilling shall be made by a majority of all members of the Executive Council.
49. The inspection team may request the Executive Council, through the Director-General, to extend
the inspection duration by a maximum of 70 days beyond the 60-day time-frame specified in Part
II, paragraph 4 of the Protocol, if the inspection team considers such an extension essential to
enable it to fulfil its mandate. The inspection team shall indicate in its request which of the
activities and techniques listed in Part II, paragraph 69 of the Protocol it intends to carry out during
the extension period. The Executive Council shall take a decision on the extension request no
later than 72 hours after receipt of the request. The decision to approve an extension of the
inspection duration shall be made by a majority of all members of the Executive Council.
50. Any time following the approval of the continuation of the on-site inspection in accordance with
paragraph 47, the inspection team may submit to the Executive Council, through the
Director-General, a recommendation to terminate the inspection. Such a recommendation shall be
considered approved unless the Executive Council, no later than 72 hours after receipt of the
recommendation, decides by a two-thirds majority of all its members not to approve the
termination of the inspection. In case of termination of the inspection, the inspection team shall
leave the inspection area and the territory of the inspected State Party as soon as possible in
accordance with Part II, paragraphs 109 and 110 of the Protocol.
51. The requesting State Party and the State Party sought to be inspected may participate in the
deliberations of the Executive Council on the on-site inspection request without voting. The
requesting State Party and the inspected State Party may also participate without voting in any
subsequent deliberations of the Executive Council related to the inspection.
52. The Director-General shall notify all States Parties within 24 hours about any decision by and
reports, proposals, requests and recommendations to the Executive Council pursuant to
paragraphs 46 to 50.
Follow-up After Executive Council Approval of an On-Site Inspection

53. An on-site inspection approved by the Executive Council shall be conducted without delay by an
inspection team designated by the Director-General and in accordance with the provisions of this
Treaty and the Protocol. The inspection team shall arrive at the point of entry no later than six
days following the receipt by the Executive Council of the on-site inspection request from the
requesting State Party.
54. The Director-General shall issue an inspection mandate for the conduct of the on-site inspection.
The inspection mandate shall contain the information specified in Part II, paragraph 42 of the
Protocol.
55. The Director-General shall notify the inspected State Party of the inspection no less than 24 hours
before the planned arrival of the inspection team at the point of entry, in accordance with Part II,
paragraph 43 of the Protocol.
The Conduct of an On-Site Inspection
56. Each State Party shall permit the Organization to conduct an on-site inspection on its territory or at
places under its jurisdiction or control in accordance with the provisions of this Treaty and the
Protocol. However, no State Party shall have to accept simultaneous on-site inspections on its
territory or at places under its jurisdiction or control.
57. In accordance with the provisions of this Treaty and the Protocol, the inspected State Party shall
have:
a) The right and the obligation to make every reasonable effort to demonstrate its compliance
with this Treaty and, to this end, to enable the inspection team to fulfil its mandate;
b) The right to take measures it deems necessary to protect national security interests and to
prevent disclosure of confidential information not related to the purpose of the inspection;
c) The obligation to provide access within the inspection area for the sole purpose of determining
facts relevant to the purpose of the inspection, taking into account sub-paragraph b) and any
constitutional obligations it may have with regard to proprietary rights or searches and
seizures;
d) The obligation not to invoke this paragraph or Part II, paragraph 88 of the Protocol to conceal
any violation of its obligations under Article I; and
e) The obligation not to impede the ability of the inspection team to move within the inspection
area and to carry out inspection activities in accordance with this Treaty and the Protocol.

Access, in the context of an on-site inspection, means both the physical access of the inspection team
and the inspection equipment to, and the conduct of inspection activities within, the inspection area.
58. The on-site inspection shall be conducted in the least intrusive manner possible, consistent with
the efficient and timely accomplishment of the inspection mandate, and in accordance with the

procedures set forth in the Protocol. Wherever possible, the inspection team shall begin with the
least intrusive procedures and then proceed to more intrusive procedures only as it deems
necessary to collect sufficient information to clarify the concern about possible non-compliance
with this Treaty. The inspectors shall seek only the information and data necessary for the
purpose of the inspection and shall seek to minimize interference with normal operations of the
inspected State Party.
59. The inspected State Party shall assist the inspection team throughout the on-site inspection and
facilitate its task.
60. If the inspected State Party, acting in accordance with Part II, paragraphs 86 to 96 of the Protocol,
restricts access within the inspection area, it shall make every reasonable effort in consultations
with the inspection team to demonstrate through alternative means its compliance with this Treaty.
Observer
61. With regard to an observer, the following shall apply:
a) The requesting State Party, subject to the agreement of the inspected State Party, may send a
representative, who shall be a national either of the requesting State Party or of a third State
Party, to observe the conduct of the on-site inspection;
b) The inspected State Party shall notify its acceptance or non-acceptance of the proposed
observer to the Director-General within 12 hours after approval of the on-site inspection by the
Executive Council;
c) In case of acceptance, the inspected State Party shall grant access to the observer in
accordance with the Protocol;
d) The inspected State Party shall, as a rule, accept the proposed observer, but if the inspected
State Party exercises a refusal, that fact shall be recorded in the inspection report.
There shall be no more than three observers from an aggregate of requesting States Parties.

Reports of an On-Site Inspection
62. Inspection reports shall contain:
a) A description of the activities conducted by the inspection team;
b) The factual findings of the inspection team relevant to the purpose of the inspection;
c) An account of the cooperation granted during the on-site inspection;
d) A factual description of the extent of the access granted, including the alternative means
provided to the team, during the on-site inspection; and
e) Any other details relevant to the purpose of the inspection.

Differing observations made by inspectors may be attached to the report.

63. The Director-General shall make draft inspection reports available to the inspected State Party.
The inspected State Party shall have the right to provide the Director-General within 48 hours with
its comments and explanations, and to identify any information and data which, in its view, are not
related to the purpose of the inspection and should not be circulated outside the Technical
Secretariat. The Director-General shall consider the proposals for changes to the draft inspection
report made by the inspected State Party and shall wherever possible incorporate them. The
Director-General shall also annex the comments and explanations provided by the inspected State
Party to the inspection report.
64. The Director-General shall promptly transmit the inspection report to the requesting State Party,
the inspected State Party, the Executive Council and to all other States Parties. The
Director-General shall further transmit promptly to the Executive Council and to all other States
Parties any results of sample analysis in designated laboratories in accordance with Part II,
paragraph 104 of the Protocol, relevant data from the International Monitoring System, the
assessments of the requesting and inspected States Parties, as well as any other information that
the Director-General deems relevant. In the case of the progress inspection report referred to in
paragraph 47, the Director-General shall transmit the report to the Executive Council within the
time-frame specified in that paragraph.
65. The Executive Council, in accordance with its powers and functions, shall review the inspection
report and any material provided pursuant to paragraph 64, and shall address any concerns as to:
a) Whether any non-compliance with this Treaty has occurred; and
b) Whether the right to request an on-site inspection has been abused.

66. If the Executive Council reaches the conclusion, in keeping with its powers and functions, that
further action may be necessary with regard to paragraph 65, it shall take the appropriate
measures in accordance with Article V.
Frivolous or Abusive On-Site Inspection Requests
67. If the Executive Council does not approve the on-site inspection on the basis that the on-site
inspection request is frivolous or abusive, or if the inspection is terminated for the same reasons,
the Executive Council shall consider and decide on whether to implement appropriate measures to
redress the situation, including the following:
a) Requiring the requesting State Party to pay for the cost of any preparations made by the
Technical Secretariat;
b) Suspending the right of the requesting State Party to request an on-site inspection for a period
of time, as determined by the Executive Council; and
c) Suspending the right of the requesting State Party to serve on the Executive Council for a
period of time.

E. CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES
68. In order to:
a) Contribute to the timely resolution of any compliance concerns arising from possible
misinterpretation of verification data relating to chemical explosions; and
b) Assist in the calibration of the stations that are part of the component networks of the
International Monitoring System,

each State Party undertakes to cooperate with the Organization and with other States Parties in
implementing relevant measures as set out in Part III of the Protocol.
Article V. Measures to redress a situation and to ensure compliance, including sanctions
1. The Conference, taking into account,inter alia, the recommendations of the Executive Council,
shall take the necessary measures, as set forth in paragraphs 2 and 3, to ensure compliance with
this Treaty and to redress and remedy any situation which contravenes the provisions of this
Treaty.
2. In cases where a State Party has been requested by the Conference or the Executive Council to
redress a situation raising problems with regard to its compliance and fails to fulfil the request
within the specified time, the Conference may,inter alia, decide to restrict or suspend the State
Party from the exercise of its rights and privileges under this Treaty until the Conference decides
otherwise.
3. In cases where damage to the object and purpose of this Treaty may result from non-compliance
with the basic obligations of this Treaty, the Conference may recommend to States Parties
collective measures which are in conformity with international law.
4. The Conference, or alternatively, if the case is urgent, the Executive Council, may bring the issue,
including relevant information and conclusions, to the attention of the United Nations.
Article VI. Settlement of disputes
1. Disputes that may arise concerning the application or the interpretation of this Treaty shall be
settled in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Treaty and in conformity with the
provisions of the Charter of the United Nations.
2. When a dispute arises between two or more States Parties, or between one or more States
Parties and the Organization, relating to the application or interpretation of this Treaty, the parties
concerned shall consult together with a view to the expeditious settlement of the dispute by
negotiation or by other peaceful means of the parties’ choice, including recourse to appropriate

organs of this Treaty and, by mutual consent, referral to the International Court of Justice in
conformity with the Statute of the Court. The parties involved shall keep the Executive Council
informed of actions being taken.
3. The Executive Council may contribute to the settlement of a dispute that may arise concerning the
application or interpretation of this Treaty by whatever means it deems appropriate, including
offering its good offices, calling upon the States Parties to a dispute to seek a settlement through
a process of their own choice, bringing the matter to the attention of the Conference and
recommending a time-limit for any agreed procedure.
4. The Conference shall consider questions related to disputes raised by States Parties or brought to
its attention by the Executive Council. The Conference shall, as it finds necessary, establish or
entrust organs with tasks related to the settlement of these disputes in conformity with Article II,
paragraph 26 j).
5. The Conference and the Executive Council are separately empowered, subject to authorization
from the General Assembly of the United Nations, to request the International Court of Justice to
give an advisory opinion on any legal question arising within the scope of the activities of the
Organization. An agreement between the Organization and the United Nations shall be concluded
for this purpose in accordance with Article II, paragraph 38 h).
6. This Article is without prejudice to Articles IV and V.
Article VII. Amendments
1. At any time after the entry into force of this Treaty, any State Party may propose amendments to
this Treaty, the Protocol, or the Annexes to the Protocol. Any State Party may also propose
changes, in accordance with paragraph 7, to the Protocol or the Annexes thereto. Proposals for
amendments shall be subject to the procedures in paragraphs 2 to 6. Proposals for changes, in
accordance with paragraph 7, shall be subject to the procedures in paragraph 8.
2. The proposed amendment shall be considered and adopted only by an Amendment Conference.
3. Any proposal for an amendment shall be communicated to the Director-General, who shall
circulate it to all States Parties and the Depositary and seek the views of the States Parties on
whether an Amendment Conference should be convened to consider the proposal. If a majority of
the States Parties notify the Director-General no later than 30 days after its circulation that they
support further consideration of the proposal, the Director-General shall convene an Amendment
Conference to which all States Parties shall be invited.
4. The Amendment Conference shall be held immediately following a regular session of the
Conference unless all States Parties that support the convening of an Amendment Conference
request that it be held earlier. In no case shall an Amendment Conference be held less than 60

days after the circulation of the proposed amendment.
5. Amendments shall be adopted by the Amendment Conference by a positive vote of a majority of
the States Parties with no State Party casting a negative vote.
6. Amendments shall enter into force for all States Parties 30 days after deposit of the instruments of
ratification or acceptance by all those States Parties casting a positive vote at the Amendment
Conference.
7. In order to ensure the viability and effectiveness of this Treaty, Parts I and III of the Protocol and
Annexes 1 and 2 to the Protocol shall be subject to changes in accordance with paragraph 8, if
the proposed changes are related only to matters of an administrative or technical nature. All other
provisions of the Protocol and the Annexes thereto shall not be subject to changes in accordance
with paragraph 8.
8. Proposed changes referred to in paragraph 7 shall be made in accordance with the following
procedures:
a) The text of the proposed changes shall be transmitted together with the necessary information
to the Director-General. Additional information for the evaluation of the proposal may be
provided by any State Party and the Director-General. The Director-General shall promptly
communicate any such proposals and information to all States Parties, the Executive Council
and the Depositary;
b) No later than 60 days after its receipt, the Director-General shall evaluate the proposal to
determine all its possible consequences for the provisions of this Treaty and its implementation
and shall communicate any such information to all States Parties and the Executive Council;
c) The Executive Council shall examine the proposal in the light of all information available to it,
including whether the proposal fulfils the requirements of paragraph 7. No later than 90 days
after its receipt, the Executive Council shall notify its recommendation, with appropriate
explanations, to all States Parties for consideration. States Parties shall acknowledge receipt
within 10 days;
d) If the Executive Council recommends to all States Parties that the proposal be adopted, it shall
be considered approved if no State Party objects to it within 90 days after receipt of the
recommendation. If the Executive Council recommends that the proposal be rejected, it shall
be considered rejected if no State Party objects to the rejection within 90 days after receipt of
the recommendation;
e) If a recommendation of the Executive Council does not meet with the acceptance required
under sub-paragraph d), a decision on the proposal, including whether it fulfils the
requirements of paragraph 7, shall be taken as a matter of substance by the Conference at its
next session;
f) The Director-General shall notify all States Parties and the Depositary of any decision under
this paragraph;

g) Changes approved under this procedure shall enter into force for all States Parties 180 days
after the date of notification by the Director-General of their approval unless another time
period is recommended by the Executive Council or decided by the Conference.

Article VIII. Review of the treaty
1. Unless otherwise decided by a majority of the States Parties, ten years after the entry into force of
this Treaty a Conference of the States Parties shall be held to review the operation and
effectiveness of this Treaty, with a view to assuring itself that the objectives and purposes in the
Preamble and the provisions of the Treaty are being realized. Such review shall take into account
any new scientific and technological developments relevant to this Treaty. On the basis of a
request by any State Party, the Review Conference shall consider the possibility of permitting the
conduct of underground nuclear explosions for peaceful purposes. If the Review Conference
decides by consensus that such nuclear explosions may be permitted, it shall commence work
without delay, with a view to recommending to States Parties an appropriate amendment to this
Treaty that shall preclude any military benefits of such nuclear explosions. Any such proposed
amendment shall be communicated to the Director-General by any State Party and shall be dealt
with in accordance with the provisions of Article VII.
2. At intervals of ten years thereafter, further Review Conferences may be convened with the same
objective, if the Conference so decides as a matter of procedure in the preceding year. Such
Conferences may be convened after an interval of less than ten years if so decided by the
Conference as a matter of substance.
3. Normally, any Review Conference shall be held immediately following the regular annual session
of the Conference provided for in Article II.
Article IX. Duration and withdrawal
1. This Treaty shall be of unlimited duration.
2. Each State Party shall, in exercising its national sovereignty, have the right to withdraw from this
Treaty if it decides that extraordinary events related to the subject matter of this Treaty have
jeopardized its supreme interests.
3. Withdrawal shall be effected by giving notice six months in advance to all other States Parties, the
Executive Council, the Depositary and the United Nations Security Council. Notice of withdrawal
shall include a statement of the extraordinary event or events which a State Party regards as
jeopardizing its supreme interests.
Article X. Status of the Protocol and the Annexes
The Annexes to this Treaty, the Protocol, and the Annexes to the Protocol form an integral part of the

Treaty. Any reference to this Treaty includes the Annexes to this Treaty, the Protocol and the
Annexes to the Protocol.
Article XI. Signature
This Treaty shall be open to all States for signature before its entry into force.
Article XII. Ratification
This Treaty shall be subject to ratification by States Signatories according to their respective
constitutional processes.
Article XIII. Accession
Any State which does not sign this Treaty before its entry into force may accede to it at any time
thereafter.
Article XIV. Entry into force
1. This Treaty shall enter into force 180 days after the date of deposit of the instruments of
ratification by all States listed in Annex 2 to this Treaty, but in no case earlier than two years after
its opening for signature.
2. If this Treaty has not entered into force three years after the date of the anniversary of its opening
for signature, the Depositary shall convene a Conference of the States that have already
deposited their instruments of ratification upon the request of a majority of those States. That
Conference shall examine the extent to which the requirement set out in paragraph 1 has been
met and shall consider and decide by consensus what measures consistent with international law
may be undertaken to accelerate the ratification process in order to facilitate the early entry into
force of this Treaty.
3. Unless otherwise decided by the Conference referred to in paragraph 2 or other such
conferences, this process shall be repeated at subsequent anniversaries of the opening for
signature of this Treaty, until its entry into force.
4. All States Signatories shall be invited to attend the Conference referred to in paragraph 2 and any
subsequent conferences as referred to in paragraph 3, as observers.
5. For States whose instruments of ratification or accession are deposited subsequent to the entry
into force of this Treaty, it shall enter into force on the 30th day following the date of deposit of
their instruments of ratification or accession.
Article XV. Reservations
The Articles of and the Annexes to this Treaty shall not be subject to reservations. The provisions of

the Protocol to this Treaty and the Annexes to the Protocol shall not be subject to reservations
incompatible with the object and purpose of this Treaty.
Article XVI. Depositary
1. The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall be the Depositary of this Treaty and shall
receive signatures, instruments of ratification and instruments of accession.
2. The Depositary shall promptly inform all States Signatories and acceding States of the date of
each signature, the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification or accession, the date of the
entry into force of this Treaty and of any amendments and changes thereto, and the receipt of
other notices.
3. The Depositary shall send duly certified copies of this Treaty to the Governments of the States
Signatories and acceding States.
4. This Treaty shall be registered by the Depositary pursuant to Article 102 of the Charter of the
United Nations.
Article XVII. Authentic texts
This Treaty, of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally
authentic, shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.
Annex 1. to the Treaty
List of States pursuant to Article II, paragraph 28
Africa
Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African
Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia,
Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya,
Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria,
Rwanda, Sao Tome & Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan,
Swaziland, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
Eastern Europe
Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic,
Estonia, Georgia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian
Federation, Slovakia, Slovenia, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Ukraine, Yugoslavia.
Latin America and the Caribbean
Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa

Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana,
Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint
Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela.
Middle East and South Asia
Afghanistan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Israel, Jordan,
Kazakstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Maldives, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Sri
Lanka, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Yemen.
North America and Western Europe
Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Cyprus, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,
San Marino, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern
Ireland, United States of America.
South East Asia, the Pacific and the Far East
Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Cook Islands, Democratic People's Republic of
Korea, Fiji, Indonesia, Japan, Kiribati, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall Islands,
Micronesia (Federated States of), Mongolia, Myanmar, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New
Guinea, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Tonga,
Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Viet Nam.
Annex 2. to the Treaty
List of States pursuant to Article XIV
List of States members of the Conference on Disarmament as at 18 June 1996 which formally
participated in the work of the 1996 session of the Conference and which appear in Table 1 of the
International Atomic Energy Agency's April 1996 edition of “Nuclear Power Reactors in the World”,
and of States members of the Conference on Disarmament as at 18 June 1996 which formally
participated in the work of the 1996 session of the Conference and which appear in Table 1 of the
International Atomic Energy Agency’s December 1995 edition of “Nuclear Research Reactors in the
World”:
Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China,
Colombia, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, India,
Indonesia, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Norway, Pakistan,
Peru, Poland, Romania, Republic of Korea, Russian Federation, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, United
States of America, Viet Nam, Zaire.
Protocol to the Comprehensive Nuclear Test-Ban Treaty

PART I. THE INTERNATIONAL MONITORING SYSTEM AND INTERNATIONAL DATA CENTRE
FUNCTIONS
A. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1
The International Monitoring System shall comprise monitoring facilities as set out in Article IV,
paragraph 16, and respective means of communication.
2
The monitoring facilities incorporated into the International Monitoring System shall consist of those
facilities specified in Annex 1 to this Protocol. The International Monitoring System shall fulfil the
technical and operational requirements specified in the relevant operational manuals.
3
The Organization, in accordance with Article II, shall, in cooperation and consultation with the States
Parties, with other States, and with international organizations as appropriate, establish and
coordinate the operation and maintenance, and any future agreed modification or development of the
International Monitoring System.
4
In accordance with appropriate agreements or arrangements and procedures, a State Party or other
State hosting or otherwise taking responsibility for International Monitoring System facilities and the
Technical Secretariat shall agree and cooperate in establishing, operating, upgrading, financing, and
maintaining monitoring facilities, related certified laboratories and respective means of communication
within areas under its jurisdiction or control or elsewhere in conformity with international law. Such
cooperation shall be in accordance with the security and authentication requirements and technical
specifications contained in the relevant operational manuals. Such a State shall give the Technical
Secretariat authority to access a monitoring facility for checking equipment and communication links,
and shall agree to make the necessary changes in the equipment and the operational procedures to
meet agreed requirements. The Technical Secretariat shall provide to such States appropriate
technical assistance as is deemed by the Executive Council to be required for the proper functioning
of the facility as part of the International Monitoring System.
5
Modalities for such cooperation between the Organization and States Parties or States hosting or
otherwise taking responsibility for facilities of the International Monitoring System shall be set out in
agreements or arrangements as appropriate in each case.

B. SEISMOLOGICAL MONITORING
6
Each State Party undertakes to cooperate in an international exchange of seismological data to assist
in the verification of compliance with this Treaty. This cooperation shall include the establishment and
operation of a global network of primary and auxiliary seismological monitoring stations. These
stations shall provide data in accordance with agreed procedures to the International Data Centre.
7
The network of primary stations shall consist of the 50 stations specified in Table 1-A of Annex 1 to
this Protocol. These stations shall fulfil the technical and operational requirements specified in the
Operational Manual for Seismological Monitoring and the International Exchange of Seismological
Data. Uninterrupted data from the primary stations shall be transmitted, directly or through a national
data centre, on-line to the International Data Centre.
8
To supplement the primary network, an auxiliary network of 120 stations shall provide information,
directly or through a national data centre, to the International Data Centre upon request. The auxiliary
stations to be used are listed in Table 1-B of Annex 1 to this Protocol. The auxiliary stations shall fulfil
the technical and operational requirements specified in the Operational Manual for Seismological
Monitoring and the International Exchange of Seismological Data. Data from the auxiliary stations
may at any time be requested by the International Data Centre and shall be immediately available
through on-line computer connections.
C. RADIONUCLIDE MONITORING
9
Each State Party undertakes to cooperate in an international exchange of data on radionuclides in the
atmosphere to assist in the verification of compliance with this Treaty. This cooperation shall include
the establishment and operation of a global network of radionuclide monitoring stations and certified
laboratories. The network shall provide data in accordance with agreed procedures to the
International Data Centre.
10
The network of stations to measure radionuclides in the atmosphere shall comprise an overall
network of 80 stations, as specified in Table 2-A of Annex 1 to this Protocol. All stations shall be
capable of monitoring for the presence of relevant particulate matter in the atmosphere. Forty of these
stations shall also be capable of monitoring for the presence of relevant noble gases upon the entry
into force of this Treaty. For this purpose the Conference, at its initial session, shall approve a

recommendation by the Preparatory Commission as to which 40 stations from Table 2-A of Annex 1
to this Protocol shall be capable of noble gas monitoring. At its first regular annual session, the
Conference shall consider and decide on a plan for implementing noble gas monitoring capability
throughout the network. The Director-General shall prepare a report to the Conference on the
modalities for such implementation. All monitoring stations shall fulfil the technical and operational
requirements specified in the Operational Manual for Radionuclide Monitoring and the International
Exchange of Radionuclide Data.
11
The network of radionuclide monitoring stations shall be supported by laboratories, which shall be
certified by the Technical Secretariat in accordance with the relevant operational manual for the
performance, on contract to the Organization and on a fee-for-service basis, of the analysis of
samples from radionuclide monitoring stations. Laboratories specified in Table 2-B of Annex 1 to this
Protocol, and appropriately equipped, shall, as required, also be drawn upon by the Technical
Secretariat to perform additional analysis of samples from radionuclide monitoring stations. With the
agreement of the Executive Council, further laboratories may be certified by the Technical Secretariat
to perform the routine analysis of samples from manual monitoring stations where necessary. All
certified laboratories shall provide the results of such analysis to the International Data Centre, and in
so doing shall fulfil the technical and operational requirements specified in the Operational Manual on
Radionuclide Monitoring and the International Exchange of Radionuclide Data.
D. HYDROACOUSTIC MONITORING
12
Each State Party undertakes to cooperate in an international exchange of hydroacoustic data to assist
in the verification of compliance with this Treaty. This cooperation shall include the establishment and
operation of a global network of hydroacoustic monitoring stations. These stations shall provide data
in accordance with agreed procedures to the International Data Centre.
13
The network of hydroacoustic stations shall consist of the stations specified in Table 3 of Annex 1 to
this Protocol, and shall comprise an overall network of six hydrophone and five T-phase stations.
These stations shall fulfil the technical and operational requirements specified in the Operational
Manual for Hydroacoustic Monitoring and the International Exchange of Hydroacoustic Data.
E. INFRASOUND MONITORING
14
Each State Party undertakes to cooperate in an international exchange of infrasound data to assist in

the verification of compliance with this Treaty. This cooperation shall include the establishment and
operation of a global network of infrasound monitoring stations. These stations shall provide data in
accordance with agreed procedures to the International Data Centre.
15
The network of infrasound stations shall consist of the stations specified in Table 4 of Annex 1 to this
Protocol, and shall comprise an overall network of 60 stations. These stations shall fulfil the technical
and operational requirements specified in the Operational Manual for Infrasound Monitoring and the
International Exchange of Infrasound Data.
F. INTERNATIONAL DATA CENTRE FUNCTIONS
16
The International Data Centre shall receive, collect, process, analyse, report on and archive data from
International Monitoring System facilities, including the results of analysis conducted at certified
laboratories.
17
The procedures and standard event screening criteria to be used by the International Data Centre in
carrying out its agreed functions, in particular for the production of standard reporting products and for
the performance of a standard range of services for States Parties, shall be elaborated in the
Operational Manual for the International Data Centre and shall be progressively developed. The
procedures and criteria developed initially by the Preparatory Commission shall be approved by the
Conference at its initial session.
International Data Centre Standard Products
18
The International Data Centre shall apply on a routine basis automatic processing methods and
interactive human analysis to raw International Monitoring System data in order to produce and
archive standard International Data Centre products on behalf of all States Parties. These products
shall be provided at no cost to States Parties and shall be without prejudice to final judgements with
regard to the nature of any event, which shall remain the responsibility of States Parties, and shall
include:
a) Integrated lists of all signals detected by the International Monitoring System, as well as
standard event lists and bulletins, including the values and associated uncertainties calculated
for each event located by the International Data Centre, based on a set of standard
parameters;
b) Standard screened event bulletins that result from the application to each event by the

International Data Centre of standard event screening criteria, making use of the
characterization parameters specified in Annex 2 to this Protocol, with the objective of
characterizing, highlighting in the standard event bulletin, and thereby screening out, events
considered to be consistent with natural phenomena or non-nuclear, man-made phenomena.
The standard event bulletin shall indicate numerically for each event the degree to which that
event meets or does not meet the event screening criteria. In applying standard event
screening, the International Data Centre shall use both global and supplementary screening
criteria to take account of regional variations where applicable. The International Data Centre
shall progressively enhance its technical capabilities as experience is gained in the operation
of the International Monitoring System;
c) Executive summaries, which summarize the data acquired and archived by the International
Data Centre, the products of the International Data Centre, and the performance and
operational status of the International Monitoring System and International Data Centre; and
d) Extracts or subsets of the standard International Data Centre products specified in
sub-paragraphs a) to c), selected according to the request of an individual State Party.

19
The International Data Centre shall carry out, at no cost to States Parties, special studies to provide
in-depth, technical review by expert analysis of data from the International Monitoring System, if
requested by the Organization or by a State Party, to improve the estimated values for the standard
signal and event parameters.
International Data Centre Services to States Parties
20
The International Data Centre shall provide States Parties with open, equal, timely and convenient
access to all International Monitoring System data, raw or processed, all International Data Centre
products, and all other International Monitoring System data in the archive of the International Data
Centre or, through the International Data Centre, of International Monitoring System facilities. The
methods for supporting data access and the provision of data shall include the following services:
a) Automatic and regular forwarding to a State Party of the products of the International Data
Centre or the selection by the State Party thereof, and, as requested, the selection by the
State Party of International Monitoring System data;
b) The provision of the data or products generated in response to ad hoc requests by States
Parties for the retrieval from the International Data Centre and International Monitoring System
facility archives of data and products, including interactive electronic access to the
International Data Centre database; and
c) Assisting individual States Parties, at their request and at no cost for reasonable efforts, with
expert technical analysis of International Monitoring System data and other relevant data

provided by the requesting State Party, in order to help the State Party concerned to identify
the source of specific events. The output of any such technical analysis shall be considered a
product of the requesting State Party, but shall be available to all States Parties.

The International Data Centre services specified in sub-paragraphs a) and b) shall be made available
at no cost to each State Party. The volumes and formats of data shall be set out in the Operational
Manual for the International Data Centre.
National Event Screening
21
The International Data Centre shall, if requested by a State Party, apply to any of its standard
products, on a regular and automatic basis, national event screening criteria established by that State
Party, and provide the results of such analysis to that State Party. This service shall be undertaken at
no cost to the requesting State Party. The output of such national event screening processes shall be
considered a product of the requesting State Party.
Technical Assistance
22
The International Data Centre shall, where required, provide technical assistance to individual States
Parties:
a) In formulating their requirements for selection and screening of data and products;
b) By installing at the International Data Centre, at no cost to a requesting State Party for
reasonable efforts, computer algorithms or software provided by that State Party to compute
new signal and event parameters that are not included in the Operational Manual for the
International Data Centre, the output being considered products of the requesting State Party;
and
c) By assisting States Parties to develop the capability to receive, process and analyse
International Monitoring System data at a national data centre.

23
The International Data Centre shall continuously monitor and report on the operational status of the
International Monitoring System facilities, of communications links, and of its own processing
systems. It shall provide immediate notification to those responsible should the operational
performance of any component fail to meet agreed levels set out in the relevant operational manual.
PART II. ON-SITE INSPECTIONS

A. GENERAL PROVISIONS
1
The procedures in this Part shall be implemented pursuant to the provisions for on-site inspections set
out in Article IV.
2
The on-site inspection shall be carried out in the area where the event that triggered the on-site
inspection request occurred.
3
The area of an on-site inspection shall be continuous and its size shall not exceed 1,000 square
kilometres. There shall be no linear distance greater than 50 kilometres in any direction.
4
The duration of an on-site inspection shall not exceed 60 days from the date of the approval of the
on-site inspection request in accordance with Article IV, paragraph 46, but may be extended by a
maximum of 70 days in accordance with Article IV, paragraph 49.
5
If the inspection area specified in the inspection mandate extends to the territory or other place under
the jurisdiction or control of more than one State Party, the provisions on on-site inspections shall, as
appropriate, apply to each of the States Parties to which the inspection area extends.
6
In cases where the inspection area is under the jurisdiction or control of the inspected State Party but
is located on the territory of another State Party or where the access from the point of entry to the
inspection area requires transit through the territory of a State Party other than the inspected State
Party, the inspected State Party shall exercise the rights and fulfil the obligations concerning such
inspections in accordance with this Protocol. In such a case, the State Party on whose territory the
inspection area is located shall facilitate the inspection and shall provide for the necessary support to
enable the inspection team to carry out its tasks in a timely and effective manner. States Parties
through whose territory transit is required to reach the inspection area shall facilitate such transit.
7
In cases where the inspection area is under the jurisdiction or control of the inspected State Party but
is located on the territory of a State not Party to this Treaty, the inspected State Party shall take all
necessary measures to ensure that the inspection can be carried out in accordance with this Protocol.

A State Party that has under its jurisdiction or control one or more areas on the territory of a State not
Party to this Treaty shall take all necessary measures to ensure acceptance by the State on whose
territory the inspection area is located of inspectors and inspection assistants designated to that State
Party. If an inspected State Party is unable to ensure access, it shall demonstrate that it took all
necessary measures to ensure access.
8
In cases where the inspection area is located on the territory of a State Party but is under the
jurisdiction or control of a State not Party to this Treaty, the State Party shall take all necessary
measures required of an inspected State Party and a State Party on whose territory the inspection
area is located, without prejudice to the rules and practices of international law, to ensure that the
on-site inspection can be carried out in accordance with this Protocol. If the State Party is unable to
ensure access to the inspection area, it shall demonstrate that it took all necessary measures to
ensure access, without prejudice to the rules and practices of international law.
9
The size of the inspection team shall be kept to the minimum necessary for the proper fulfilment of the
inspection mandate. The total number of members of the inspection team present on the territory of
the inspected State Party at any given time, except during the conduct of drilling, shall not exceed 40
persons. No national of the requesting State Party or the inspected State Party shall be a member of
the inspection team.
10
The Director-General shall determine the size of the inspection team and select its members from the
list of inspectors and inspection assistants, taking into account the circumstances of a particular
request.
11
The inspected State Party shall provide for or arrange the amenities necessary for the inspection
team, such as communication means, interpretation services, transportation, working space, lodging,
meals, and medical care.
12
The inspected State Party shall be reimbursed by the Organization, in a reasonably short period of
time after conclusion of the inspection, for all expenses, including those mentioned in paragraphs 11
and 49, related to the stay and functional activities of the inspection team on the territory of the
inspected State Party.
13

Procedures for the implementation of on-site inspections shall be detailed in the Operational Manual
for On-Site Inspections.
B. STANDING ARRANGEMENTS
Designation of Inspectors and Inspection Assistants
14
An inspection team may consist of inspectors and inspection assistants. An on-site inspection shall
only be carried out by qualified inspectors specially designated for this function. They may be assisted
by specially designated inspection assistants, such as technical and administrative personnel, aircrew
and interpreters.
15
Inspectors and inspection assistants shall be nominated for designation by the States Parties or, in
the case of staff of the Technical Secretariat, by the Director-General, on the basis of their expertise
and experience relevant to the purpose and functions of on-site inspections. The nominees shall be
approved in advance by the States Parties in accordance with paragraph 18.
16
Each State Party, no later than 30 days after the entry into force of this Treaty for it, shall notify the
Director-General of the names, dates of birth, sex, ranks, qualifications and professional experience
of the persons proposed by the State Party for designation as inspectors and inspection assistants.
17
No later than 60 days after the entry into force of this Treaty, the Technical Secretariat shall
communicate in writing to all States Parties an initial list of the names, nationalities, dates of birth, sex
and ranks of the inspectors and inspection assistants proposed for designation by the
Director-General and the States Parties, as well as a description of their qualifications and
professional experience.
18
Each State Party shall immediately acknowledge receipt of the initial list of inspectors and inspection
assistants proposed for designation. Any inspector or inspection assistant included in this list shall be
regarded as accepted unless a State Party, no later than 30 days after acknowledgment of receipt of
the list, declares its non-acceptance in writing. The State Party may include the reason for the
objection. In the case of non-acceptance, the proposed inspector or inspection assistant shall not
undertake or participate in on-site inspection activities on the territory or in any other place under the
jurisdiction or control of the State Party that has declared its non-acceptance. The Technical

Secretariat shall immediately confirm receipt of the notification of objection.
19
Whenever additions or changes to the list of inspectors and inspection assistants are proposed by the
Director-General or a State Party, replacement inspectors and inspection assistants shall be
designated in the same manner as set forth with respect to the initial list. Each State Party shall
promptly notify the Technical Secretariat if an inspector or inspection assistant nominated by it can no
longer fulfil the duties of an inspector or inspection assistant.
20
The Technical Secretariat shall keep the list of inspectors and inspection assistants up to date and
notify all States Parties of any additions or changes to the list.
21
A State Party requesting an on-site inspection may propose that an inspector from the list of
inspectors and inspection assistants serve as its observer in accordance with Article IV, paragraph
61.
22
Subject to paragraph 23, a State Party shall have the right at any time to object to an inspector or
inspection assistant who has already been accepted. It shall notify the Technical Secretariat of its
objection in writing and may include the reason for the objection. Such objection shall come into effect
30 days after receipt of the notification by the Technical Secretariat. The Technical Secretariat shall
immediately confirm receipt of the notification of the objection and inform the objecting and
nominating States Parties of the date on which the inspector or inspection assistant shall cease to be
designated for that State Party.
23
A State Party that has been notified of an inspection shall not seek the removal from the inspection
team of any of the inspectors or inspection assistants named in the inspection mandate.
24
The number of inspectors and inspection assistants accepted by a State Party must be sufficient to
allow for availability of appropriate numbers of inspectors and inspection assistants. If, in the opinion
of the Director-General, the non-acceptance by a State Party of proposed inspectors or inspection
assistants impedes the designation of a sufficient number of inspectors and inspection assistants or
otherwise hampers the effective fulfilment of the purposes of an on-site inspection, the
Director-General shall refer the issue to the Executive Council.

25
Each inspector included in the list of inspectors and inspection assistants shall receive relevant
training. Such training shall be provided by the Technical Secretariat pursuant to the procedures
specified in the Operational Manual for On-Site Inspections. The Technical Secretariat shall
co-ordinate, in agreement with the States Parties, a schedule of training for the inspectors.
Privileges and Immunities
26
Following acceptance of the initial list of inspectors and inspection assistants as provided for in
paragraph 18 or as subsequently altered in accordance with paragraph 19, each State Party shall be
obliged to issue, in accordance with its national procedures and upon application by an inspector or
inspection assistant, multiple entry/exit and/or transit visas and other relevant documents to enable
each inspector and inspection assistant to enter and to remain on the territory of that State Party for
the sole purpose of carrying out inspection activities. Each State Party shall issue the necessary visa
or travel documents for this purpose no later than 48 hours after receipt of the application or
immediately upon arrival of the inspection team at the point of entry on the territory of the State Party.
Such documents shall be valid for as long as is necessary to enable the inspector or inspection
assistant to remain on the territory of the inspected State Party for the sole purpose of carrying out the
inspection activities.
27
To exercise their functions effectively, members of the inspection team shall be accorded privileges
and immunities as set forth in sub-paragraphs a) to i). Privileges and immunities shall be granted to
members of the inspection team for the sake of this Treaty and not for the personal benefit of the
individuals themselves. Such privileges and immunities shall be accorded to them for the entire period
between arrival on and departure from the territory of the inspected State Party, and thereafter with
respect to acts previously performed in the exercise of their official functions.
a) The members of the inspection team shall be accorded the inviolability enjoyed by diplomatic
agents pursuant to Article 29 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 18 April
1961;
b) The living quarters and office premises occupied by the inspection team carrying out
inspection activities pursuant to this Treaty shall be accorded the inviolability and protection
accorded to the premises of diplomatic agents pursuant to Article 30, paragraph 1, of the
Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations;
c) The papers and correspondence, including records, of the inspection team shall enjoy the
inviolability accorded to all papers and correspondence of diplomatic agents pursuant to Article
30, paragraph 2, of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. The inspection team shall

have the right to use codes for their communications with the Technical Secretariat;
d) Samples and approved equipment carried by members of the inspection team shall be
inviolable subject to provisions contained in this Treaty and exempt from all customs duties.
Hazardous samples shall be transported in accordance with relevant regulations;
e) The members of the inspection team shall be accorded the immunities accorded to diplomatic
agents pursuant to Article 31, paragraphs 1, 2 and 3, of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic
Relations;
f) The members of the inspection team carrying out prescribed activities pursuant to this Treaty
shall be accorded the exemption from dues and taxes accorded to diplomatic agents pursuant
to Article 34 of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations;
g) The members of the inspection team shall be permitted to bring into the territory of the
inspected State Party, without payment of any customs duties or related charges, articles for
personal use, with the exception of articles the import or export of which is prohibited by law or
controlled by quarantine regulations;
h) The members of the inspection team shall be accorded the same currency and exchange
facilities as are accorded to representatives of foreign Governments on temporary official
missions; and
i)

The members of the inspection team shall not engage in any professional or commercial
activity for personal profit on the territory of the inspected State Party.

28
When transiting the territory of States Parties other than the inspected State Party, the members of
the inspection team shall be accorded the privileges and immunities enjoyed by diplomatic agents
pursuant to Article 40, paragraph 1, of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. Papers and
correspondence, including records, and samples and approved equipment carried by them, shall be
accorded the privileges and immunities set forth in paragraph 27 c) and d).
29
Without prejudice to their privileges and immunities the members of the inspection team shall be
obliged to respect the laws and regulations of the inspected State Party and, to the extent that is
consistent with the inspection mandate, shall be obliged not to interfere in the internal affairs of that
State. If the inspected State Party considers that there has been an abuse of privileges and
immunities specified in this Protocol, consultations shall be held between the State Party and the
Director-General to determine whether such an abuse has occurred and, if so determined, to prevent
a repetition of such an abuse.
30
The immunity from jurisdiction of members of the inspection team may be waived by the
Director-General in those cases when the Director-General is of the opinion that immunity would

impede the course of justice and that it can be waived without prejudice to the implementation of the
provisions of this Treaty. Waiver must always be express.
31
Observers shall be accorded the same privileges and immunities accorded to members of the
inspection team pursuant to this section, except for those accorded pursuant to paragraph 27 d).
Points of Entry
32
Each State Party shall designate its points of entry and shall supply the required information to the
Technical Secretariat no later than 30 days after this Treaty enters into force for it. These points of
entry shall be such that the inspection team can reach any inspection area from at least one point of
entry within 24 hours. Locations of points of entry shall be provided to all States Parties by the
Technical Secretariat. Points of entry may also serve as points of exit.
33
Each State Party may change its points of entry by giving notice of such change to the Technical
Secretariat. Changes shall become effective 30 days after the Technical Secretariat receives such
notification, to allow appropriate notification to all States Parties.
34
If the Technical Secretariat considers that there are insufficient points of entry for the timely conduct
of inspections or that changes to the points of entry proposed by a State Party would hamper such
timely conduct of inspections, it shall enter into consultations with the State Party concerned to
resolve the problem.
Arrangements for Use of Non-Scheduled Aircraft
35
Where timely travel to the point of entry is not feasible using scheduled commercial flights, an
inspection team may utilize non-scheduled aircraft. No later than 30 days after this Treaty enters into
force for it, each State Party shall inform the Technical Secretariat of the standing diplomatic
clearance number for non-scheduled aircraft transporting an inspection team and equipment
necessary for inspection. Aircraft routings shall be along established international airways that are
agreed upon between the State Party and the Technical Secretariat as the basis for such diplomatic
clearance.
Approved Inspection Equipment

36
The Conference, at its initial session, shall consider and approve a list of equipment for use during
on-site inspections. Each State Party may submit proposals for the inclusion of equipment in the list.
Specifications for the use of the equipment, as detailed in the Operational Manual for On-Site
Inspections, shall take account of safety and confidentiality considerations where such equipment is
likely to be used.
37
The equipment for use during on-site inspections shall consist of core equipment for the inspection
activities and techniques specified in paragraph 69 and auxiliary equipment necessary for the
effective and timely conduct of on-site inspections.
38
The Technical Secretariat shall ensure that all types of approved equipment are available for on-site
inspections when required. When required for an on-site inspection, the Technical Secretariat shall
duly certify that the equipment has been calibrated, maintained and protected. To facilitate the
checking of the equipment at the point of entry by the inspected State Party, the Technical Secretariat
shall provide documentation and attach seals to authenticate the certification.
39
Any permanently held equipment shall be in the custody of the Technical Secretariat. The Technical
Secretariat shall be responsible for the maintenance and calibration of such equipment.
40
As appropriate, the Technical Secretariat shall make arrangements with States Parties to provide
equipment mentioned in the list. Such States Parties shall be responsible for the maintenance and
calibration of such equipment.
C. ON-SITE INSPECTION REQUEST, INSPECTION MANDATE AND NOTIFICATION OF
INSPECTION
On-Site Inspection Request
41
Pursuant to Article IV, paragraph 37, the on-site inspection request shall contain at least the following
information:
a) The estimated geographical and vertical co-ordinates of the location of the event that triggered
the request with an indication of the possible margin of error;

b) The proposed boundaries of the area to be inspected, specified on a map and in accordance
with paragraphs 2 and 3;
c) The State Party or States Parties to be inspected or an indication that the area to be inspected
or part thereof is beyond the jurisdiction or control of any State;
d) The probable environment of the event that triggered the request;
e) The estimated time of the event that triggered the request, with an indication of the possible
margin of error;
f) All data upon which the request is based;
g) The personal details of the proposed observer, if any; and
h) The results of a consultation and clarification process in accordance with Article IV, or an
explanation, if relevant, of the reasons why such a consultation and clarification process has
not been carried out.

Inspection Mandate
42
The mandate for an on-site inspection shall contain:
a) The decision of the Executive Council on the on-site inspection request;
b) The name of the State Party or States Parties to be inspected or an indication that the
inspection area or part thereof is beyond the jurisdiction or control of any State;
c) The location and boundaries of the inspection area specified on a map, taking into account all
information on which the request was based and all other available technical information, in
consultation with the requesting State Party;
d) The planned types of activity of the inspection team in the inspection area;
e) The point of entry to be used by the inspection team;
f) Any transit or basing points, as appropriate;
g) The name of the head of the inspection team;
h) The names of members of the inspection team;
i)

The name of the proposed observer, if any; and

j)

The list of equipment to be used in the inspection area.

If a decision by the Executive Council pursuant to Article IV, paragraphs 46 to 49, necessitates a
modification of the inspection mandate, the Director-General may update the mandate with respect to
sub-paragraphs (d), (h) and (j), as appropriate. The Director-General shall immediately notify the
inspected State Party of any such modification.
Notification of Inspection
43

The notification made by the Director-General pursuant to Article IV, paragraph 55 shall include the
following information:
a) The inspection mandate;
b) The date and estimated time of arrival of the inspection team at the point of entry;
c) The means of arrival at the point of entry;
d) If appropriate, the standing diplomatic clearance number for non-scheduled aircraft; and
e) A list of any equipment which the Director-General requests the inspected State Party to make
available to the inspection team for use in the inspection area.

44
The inspected State Party shall acknowledge receipt of the notification by the Director-General no
later than 12 hours after having received the notification.
D. PRE-INSPECTION ACTIVITIES
Entry Into the Territory of the Inspected State Party, Activities at the Point of Entry and
Transfer to the Inspection Area
45
The inspected State Party that has been notified of the arrival of the inspection team shall ensure the
immediate entry of the inspection team into its territory.
46
When a non-scheduled aircraft is used for travel to the point of entry, the Technical Secretariat shall
provide the inspected State Party with a flight plan, through the National Authority, for the flight of the
aircraft from the last airfield prior to entering the airspace of that State Party to the point of entry, no
less than six hours before the scheduled departure time from that airfield. Such a plan shall be filed in
accordance with the procedures of the International Civil Aviation Organization applicable to civil
aircraft. The Technical Secretariat shall include in the remarks section of the flight plan the standing
diplomatic clearance number and the appropriate notation identifying the aircraft as an inspection
aircraft. If a military aircraft is used, the Technical Secretariat shall request prior authorization from the
inspected State Party to enter its airspace.
47
No less than three hours before the scheduled departure of the inspection team from the last airfield
prior to entering the airspace of the inspected State Party, the inspected State Party shall ensure that
the flight plan filed in accordance with paragraph 46 is approved, so that the inspection team may
arrive at the point of entry by the estimated arrival time.

48
Where necessary, the head of the inspection team and the representative of the inspected State Party
shall agree on a basing point and a flight plan from the point of entry to the basing point and, if
necessary, to the inspection area.
49
The inspected State Party shall provide for or arrange parking, security protection, servicing and fuel
as required by the Technical Secretariat for the aircraft of the inspection team at the point of entry
and, where necessary, at the basing point and at the inspection area. Such aircraft shall not be liable
for landing fees, departure tax, and similar charges. This paragraph shall also apply to aircraft used
for overflight during the on-site inspection.
50
Subject to paragraph 51, there shall be no restriction by the inspected State Party on the inspection
team bringing approved equipment that is in conformity with the inspection mandate into the territory
of that State Party, or on its use in accordance with the provisions of the Treaty and this Protocol.
51
The inspected State Party shall have the right, without prejudice to the time-frame specified in
paragraph 54, to check in the presence of inspection team members at the point of entry that the
equipment has been approved and certified in accordance with paragraph 38. The inspected State
Party may exclude equipment that is not in conformity with the inspection mandate or that has not
been approved and certified in accordance with paragraph 38.
52
Immediately upon arrival at the point of entry and without prejudice to the time-frame specified in
paragraph 54, the head of the inspection team shall present to the representative of the inspected
State Party the inspection mandate and an initial inspection plan prepared by the inspection team
specifying the activities to be carried out by it. The inspection team shall be briefed by representatives
of the inspected State Party with the aid of maps and other documentation as appropriate. The
briefing shall include relevant natural terrain features, safety and confidentiality issues, and logistical
arrangements for the inspection. The inspected State Party may indicate locations within the
inspection area that, in its view, are not related to the purpose of the inspection.
53
After the pre-inspection briefing, the inspection team shall, as appropriate, modify the initial inspection
plan, taking into account any comments by the inspected State Party. The modified inspection plan
shall be made available to the representative of the inspected State Party.

54
The inspected State Party shall do everything in its power to provide assistance and to ensure the
safe conduct of the inspection team, the approved equipment specified in paragraphs 50 and 51 and
baggage from the point of entry to the inspection area no later than 36 hours after arrival at the point
of entry, if no other timing has been agreed upon within the time-frame specified in paragraph 57.
55
To confirm that the area to which the inspection team has been transported corresponds to the
inspection area specified in the inspection mandate, the inspection team shall have the right to use
approved location-finding equipment. The inspected State Party shall assist the inspection team in
this task.
E. CONDUCT OF INSPECTIONS
General Rules
56
The inspection team shall discharge its functions in accordance with the provisions of the Treaty and
this Protocol.
57
The inspection team shall begin its inspection activities in the inspection area as soon as possible, but
in no case later than 72 hours after arrival at the point of entry.
58
The activities of the inspection team shall be so arranged as to ensure the timely and effective
discharge of its functions and the least possible inconvenience to the inspected State Party and
disturbance to the inspection area.
59
In cases where the inspected State Party has been requested, pursuant to paragraph 43 e) or in the
course of the inspection, to make available any equipment for use by the inspection team in the
inspection area, the inspected State Party shall comply with the request to the extent it can.
60
During the on-site inspection the inspection team shall have,inter alia :
a) The right to determine how the inspection will proceed, consistent with the inspection mandate

and taking into account any steps taken by the inspected State Party consistent with the
provisions on managed access;
b) The right to modify the inspection plan, as necessary, to ensure the effective execution of the
inspection;
c) The obligation to take into account the recommendations and suggested modifications by the
inspected State Party to the inspection plan;
d) The right to request clarifications in connection with ambiguities that may arise during the
inspection;
e) The obligation to use only those techniques specified in paragraph 69 and to refrain from
activities that are not relevant to the purpose of the inspection. The team shall collect and
document such facts as are related to the purpose of the inspection, but shall neither seek nor
document information that is clearly unrelated thereto. Any material collected and
subsequently found not to be relevant shall be returned to the inspected State Party;
f) The obligation to take into account and include in its report data and explanations on the
nature of the event that triggered the request, provided by the inspected State Party from the
national monitoring networks of the inspected State Party and from other sources;
g) The obligation to provide the inspected State Party, at its request, with copies of the
information and data collected in the inspection area; and
h) The obligation to respect the confidentiality and the safety and health regulations of the
inspected State Party.

61
During the on-site inspection the inspected State Party shall have,inter alia:
a) The right to make recommendations at any time to the inspection team regarding possible
modification of the inspection plan;
b) The right and the obligation to provide a representative to liaise with the inspection team;
c) The right to have representatives accompany the inspection team during the performance of
its duties and observe all inspection activities carried out by the inspection team. This shall not
delay or otherwise hinder the inspection team in the exercise of its functions;
d) The right to provide additional information and to request the collection and documentation of
additional facts it believes are relevant to the inspection;
e) The right to examine all photographic and measurement products as well as samples and to
retain any photographs or parts thereof showing sensitive sites not related to the purpose of
the inspection. The inspected State Party shall have the right to receive duplicate copies of all
photographic and measurement products. The inspected State Party shall have the right to
retain photographic originals and first-generation photographic products and to put
photographs or parts thereof under joint seal within its territory. The inspected State Party shall
have the right to provide its own camera operator to take still/video photographs as requested
by the inspection team. Otherwise, these functions shall be performed by members of the

inspection team;
f) The right to provide the inspection team, from its national monitoring networks and from other
sources, with data and explanations on the nature of the event that triggered the request; and
g) The obligation to provide the inspection team with such clarification as may be necessary to
resolve any ambiguities that arise during the inspection.

Communications
62
The members of the inspection team shall have the right at all times during the on-site inspection to
communicate with each other and with the Technical Secretariat. For this purpose they may use their
own duly approved and certified equipment with the consent of the inspected State Party, to the
extent that the inspected State Party does not provide them with access to other telecommunications.
Observer
63
In accordance with Article IV, paragraph 61, the requesting State Party shall liaise with the Technical
Secretariat to co-ordinate the arrival of the observer at the same point of entry or basing point as the
inspection team within a reasonable period of the arrival of the inspection team.
64
The observer shall have the right throughout the inspection to be in communication with the embassy
of the requesting State Party located in the inspected State Party or, in the case of absence of an
embassy, with the requesting State Party itself.
65
The observer shall have the right to arrive at the inspection area and to have access to and within the
inspection area as granted by the inspected State Party.
66
The observer shall have the right to make recommendations to the inspection team throughout the
inspection.
67
Throughout the inspection, the inspection team shall keep the observer informed about the conduct of
the inspection and the findings.
68

Throughout the inspection, the inspected State Party shall provide or arrange for the amenities
necessary for the observer similar to those enjoyed by the inspection team as described in paragraph
11. All costs in connection with the stay of the observer on the territory of the inspected State Party
shall be borne by the requesting State Party.
Inspection Activities and Techniques
69
The following inspection activities may be conducted and techniques used, in accordance with the
provisions on managed access, on collection, handling and analysis of samples, and on overflights:
a) Position finding from the air and at the surface to confirm the boundaries of the inspection area
and establish co-ordinates of locations therein, in support of the inspection activities;
b) Visual observation, video and still photography and multi-spectral imaging, including infrared
measurements, at and below the surface, and from the air, to search for anomalies or artifacts;
c) Measurement of levels of radioactivity above, at and below the surface, using gamma radiation
monitoring and energy resolution analysis from the air, and at or under the surface, to search
for and identify radiation anomalies;
d) Environmental sampling and analysis of solids, liquids and gases from above, at and below the
surface to detect anomalies;
e) Passive seismological monitoring for aftershocks to localize the search area and facilitate
determination of the nature of an event;
f) Resonance seismometry and active seismic surveys to search for and locate underground
anomalies, including cavities and rubble zones;
g) Magnetic and gravitational field mapping, ground penetrating radar and electrical conductivity
measurements at the surface and from the air, as appropriate, to detect anomalies or artifacts;
and
h) Drilling to obtain radioactive samples.

70
Up to 25 days after the approval of the on-site inspection in accordance with Article IV, paragraph 46,
the inspection team shall have the right to conduct any of the activities and use any of the techniques
listed in paragraph 69 a) to e). Following the approval of the continuation of the inspection in
accordance with Article IV, paragraph 47, the inspection team shall have the right to conduct any of
the activities and use any of the techniques listed in paragraph 69 a) to g). The inspection team shall
only conduct drilling after the approval of the Executive Council in accordance with Article IV,
paragraph 48. If the inspection team requests an extension of the inspection duration in accordance
with Article IV, paragraph 49, it shall indicate in its request which of the activities and techniques listed
in paragraph 69 it intends to carry out in order to be able to fulfil its mandate.

Overflights
71
The inspection team shall have the right to conduct an overflight over the inspection area during the
on-site inspection for the purposes of providing the inspection team with a general orientation of the
inspection area, narrowing down and optimizing the locations for ground-based inspection and
facilitating the collection of factual evidence, using equipment specified in paragraph 79.
72
The overflight shall be conducted as soon as practically possible. The total duration of the overflight
over the inspection area shall be no more than 12 hours.
73
Additional overflights using equipment specified in paragraphs 79 and 80 may be conducted subject
to the agreement of the inspected State Party.
74
The area to be covered by overflights shall not extend beyond the inspection area.
75
The inspected State Party shall have the right to impose restrictions or, in exceptional cases and with
reasonable justification, prohibitions on the overflight of sensitive sites not related to the purpose of
the inspection. Restrictions may relate to the flight altitude, the number of passes and circling, the
duration of hovering, the type of aircraft, the number of inspectors on board, and the type of
measurements or observations. If the inspection team considers that the restrictions or prohibitions on
the overflight of sensitive sites may impede the fulfilment of its mandate, the inspected State Party
shall make every reasonable effort to provide alternative means of inspection.
76
Overflights shall be conducted according to a flight plan duly filed and approved in accordance with
aviation rules and regulations of the inspected State Party. Flight safety regulations of the inspected
State Party shall be strictly observed throughout all flying operations.
77
During overflights landing should normally be authorized only for purposes of staging or refuelling.
78

Overflights shall be conducted at altitudes as requested by the inspection team consistent with the
activities to be conducted, visibility conditions, as well as the aviation and the safety regulations of the
inspected State Party and its right to protect sensitive information not related to the purposes of the
inspection. Overflights shall be conducted up to a maximum altitude of 1,500 metres above the
surface.
79
For the overflight conducted pursuant to paragraphs 71 and 72, the following equipment may be used
on board the aircraft:
a) Field glasses;
b) Passive location-finding equipment;
c) Video cameras; and
d) Hand-held still cameras.

80
For any additional overflights conducted pursuant to paragraph 73, inspectors on board the aircraft
may also use portable, easily installed equipment for:
a) Multi-spectral (including infrared) imagery;
b) Gamma spectroscopy; and
c) Magnetic field mapping.

81
Overflights shall be conducted with a relatively slow fixed or rotary wing aircraft. The aircraft shall
afford a broad, unobstructed view of the surface below.
82
The inspected State Party shall have the right to provide its own aircraft, pre-equipped as appropriate
in accordance with the technical requirements of the relevant operational manual, and crew.
Otherwise, the aircraft shall be provided or rented by the Technical Secretariat.
83
If the aircraft is provided or rented by the Technical Secretariat, the inspected State Party shall have
the right to check the aircraft to ensure that it is equipped with approved inspection equipment. Such
checking shall be completed within the time-frame specified in paragraph 57.
84

Personnel on board the aircraft shall consist of:
a) The minimum number of flight crew consistent with the safe operation of the aircraft;
b) Up to four members of the inspection team;
c) Up to two representatives of the inspected State Party;
d) An observer, if any, subject to the agreement of the inspected State Party; and
e) An interpreter, if necessary.

85
Procedures for the implementation of overflights shall be detailed in the Operational Manual for
On-Site Inspections.
Managed Access
86
The inspection team shall have the right to access the inspection area in accordance with the
provisions of the Treaty and this Protocol.
87
The inspected State Party shall provide access within the inspection area in accordance with the
time-frame specified in paragraph 57.
88
Pursuant to Article IV, paragraph 57 and paragraph 86 above, the rights and obligations of the
inspected State Party shall include:
a) The right to take measures to protect sensitive installations and locations in accordance with
this Protocol;
b) The obligation, when access is restricted within the inspection area, to make every reasonable
effort to satisfy the requirements of the inspection mandate through alternative means.
Resolving any questions regarding one or more aspects of the inspection shall not delay or
interfere with the conduct of the inspection team of other aspects of the inspection; and
c) The right to make the final decision regarding any access of the inspection team, taking into
account its obligations under this Treaty and the provisions on managed access.

89
Pursuant to Article IV, paragraph 57 b) and paragraph 88 a) above, the inspected State Party shall
have the right throughout the inspection area to take measures to protect sensitive installations and
locations and to prevent disclosure of confidential information not related to the purpose of the

inspection. Such measures may include,inter alia :
a) Shrouding of sensitive displays, stores, and equipment;
b) Restricting measurements of radionuclide activity and nuclear radiation to determining the
presence or absence of those types and energies of radiation relevant to the purpose of the
inspection;
c) Restricting the taking of or analysing of samples to determining the presence or absence of
radioactive or other products relevant to the purpose of the inspection;
d) Managing access to buildings and other structures in accordance with paragraphs 90 and 91;
and
e) Declaring restricted-access sites in accordance with paragraphs 92 to 96.

90
Access to buildings and other structures shall be deferred until after the approval of the continuation
of the on-site inspection in accordance with Article IV, paragraph 47, except for access to buildings
and other structures housing the entrance to a mine, other excavations, or caverns of large volume
not otherwise accessible. For such buildings and structures, the inspection team shall have the right
only of transit, as directed by the inspected State Party, in order to enter such mines, caverns or other
excavations.
91
If, following the approval of the continuation of the inspection in accordance with Article IV, paragraph
47, the inspection team demonstrates credibly to the inspected State Party that access to buildings
and other structures is necessary to fulfil the inspection mandate and that the necessary activities
authorized in the mandate could not be carried out from the outside, the inspection team shall have
the right to gain access to such buildings or other structures. The head of the inspection team shall
request access to a specific building or structure indicating the purpose of such access, the specific
number of inspectors, as well as the intended activities. The modalities for access shall be subject to
negotiation between the inspection team and the inspected State Party. The inspected State Party
shall have the right to impose restrictions or, in exceptional cases and with reasonable justification,
prohibitions, on the access to buildings and other structures.
92
When restricted-access sites are declared pursuant to paragraph 89 e), each such site shall be no
larger than 4 square kilometres. The inspected State Party has the right to declare up to 50 square
kilometres of restricted-access sites. If more than one restricted-access site is declared, each such
site shall be separated from any other such site by a minimum distance of 20 metres. Each
restricted-access site shall have clearly defined and accessible boundaries.

93
The size, location, and boundaries of restricted-access sites shall be presented to the head of the
inspection team no later than the time that the inspection team seeks access to a location that
contains all or part of such a site.
94
The inspection team shall have the right to place equipment and take other steps necessary to
conduct its inspection up to the boundary of a restricted-access site.
95
The inspection team shall be permitted to observe visually all open places within the restricted-access
site from the boundary of the site.
96
The inspection team shall make every reasonable effort to fulfil the inspection mandate outside the
declared restricted-access sites prior to requesting access to such sites. If at any time the inspection
team demonstrates credibly to the inspected State Party that the necessary activities authorized in the
mandate could not be carried out from the outside and that access to a restricted-access site is
necessary to fulfil the mandate, some members of the inspection team shall be granted access to
accomplish specific tasks within the site. The inspected State Party shall have the right to shroud or
otherwise protect sensitive equipment, objects and materials not related to the purpose of the
inspection. The number of inspectors shall be kept to the minimum necessary to complete the tasks
related to the inspection. The modalities for such access shall be subject to negotiation between the
inspection team and the inspected State Party.
Collection, Handling and Analysis of Samples
97
Subject to paragraphs 86 to 96 and 98 to 100, the inspection team shall have the right to collect and
remove relevant samples from the inspection area.
98
Whenever possible, the inspection team shall analyse samples on-site. Representatives of the
inspected State Party shall have the right to be present when samples are analysed on-site. At the
request of the inspection team, the inspected State Party shall, in accordance with agreed
procedures, provide assistance for the analysis of samples on-site. The inspection team shall have
the right to transfer samples for off-site analysis at laboratories designated by the Organization only if
it demonstrates that the necessary sample analysis cannot be performed on-site.

99
The inspected State Party shall have the right to retain portions of all samples collected when these
samples are analysed and may take duplicate samples.
100
The inspected State Party shall have the right to request that any unused samples or portions thereof
be returned.
101
The designated laboratories shall conduct chemical and physical analysis of the samples transferred
for off-site analysis. Details of such analysis shall be elaborated in the Operational Manual for On-Site
Inspections.
102
The Director-General shall have the primary responsibility for the security, integrity and preservation
of samples and for ensuring that the confidentiality of samples transferred for off-site analysis is
protected. The Director-General shall do so in accordance with procedures contained in the
Operational Manual for On-Site Inspections. The Director-General shall, in any case:
a) Establish a stringent regime governing the collection, handling, transport and analysis of
samples;
b) Certify the laboratories designated to perform different types of analysis;
c) Oversee the standardization of equipment and procedures at these designated laboratories
and of mobile analytical equipment and procedures;
d) Monitor quality control and overall standards in relation to the certification of these laboratories
and in relation to mobile equipment and procedures; and
e) Select from among the designated laboratories those which shall perform analytical or other
functions in relation to specific investigations.

103
When off-site analysis is to be performed, samples shall be analysed in at least two designated
laboratories. The Technical Secretariat shall ensure the expeditious processing of the analysis. The
samples shall be accounted for by the Technical Secretariat and any unused samples or portions
thereof shall be returned to the Technical Secretariat.
104
The Technical Secretariat shall compile the results of the laboratory analysis of samples relevant to
the purpose of the inspection. Pursuant to Article IV, paragraph 63, the Director-General shall transmit

any such results promptly to the inspected State Party for comments and thereafter to the Executive
Council and to all other States Parties and shall include detailed information concerning the
equipment and methodology employed by the designated laboratories.
Conduct of Inspections in Areas beyond the Jurisdiction or Control of any State
105
In case of an on-site inspection in an area beyond the jurisdiction or control of any State, the
Director-General shall consult with the appropriate States Parties and agree on any transit or basing
points to facilitate a speedy arrival of the inspection team in the inspection area.
106
The States Parties on whose territory transit or basing points are located shall, as far as possible,
assist in facilitating the inspection, including transporting the inspection team, its baggage and
equipment to the inspection area, as well as providing the relevant amenities specified in paragraph
11. The Organization shall reimburse assisting States Parties for all costs incurred.
107
Subject to the approval of the Executive Council, the Director-General may negotiate standing
arrangements with States Parties to facilitate assistance in the event of an on-site inspection in an
area beyond the jurisdiction or control of any State.
108
In cases where one or more States Parties have conducted an investigation of an ambiguous event in
an area beyond the jurisdiction or control of any State before a request is made for an on-site
inspection in that area, any results of such investigation may be taken into account by the Executive
Council in its deliberations pursuant to Article IV.
Post-Inspection Procedures
109
Upon conclusion of the inspection, the inspection team shall meet with the representative of the
inspected State Party to review the preliminary findings of the inspection team and to clarify any
ambiguities. The inspection team shall provide the representative of the inspected State Party with its
preliminary findings in written form according to a standardized format, together with a list of any
samples and other material taken from the inspection area pursuant to paragraph 98. The document
shall be signed by the head of the inspection team. In order to indicate that he or she has taken notice
of the contents of the document, the representative of the inspected State Party shall countersign the
document. The meeting shall be completed no later than 24 hours after the conclusion of the

inspection.
Departure
110
Upon completion of the post-inspection procedures, the inspection team and the observer shall leave,
as soon as possible, the territory of the inspected State Party. The inspected State Party shall do
everything in its power to provide assistance and to ensure the safe conduct of the inspection team,
equipment and baggage to the point of exit. Unless agreed otherwise by the inspected State Party
and the inspection team, the point of exit used shall be the same as the point of entry.
PART III. CONFIDENCE-BUILDING MEASURES
1
Pursuant to Article IV, paragraph 68, each State Party shall, on a voluntary basis, provide the
Technical Secretariat with notification of any chemical explosion using 300 tonnes or greater of
TNT-equivalent blasting material detonated as a single explosion anywhere on its territory, or at any
place under its jurisdiction or control. If possible, such notification shall be provided in advance. Such
notification shall include details on location, time, quantity and type of explosive used, as well as on
the configuration and intended purpose of the blast.
2
Each State Party shall, on a voluntary basis, as soon as possible after the entry into force of this
Treaty provide to the Technical Secretariat, and at annual intervals thereafter update, information
related to its national use of all other chemical explosions greater than 300 tonnes TNT-equivalent. In
particular, the State Party shall seek to advise:
a) The geographic locations of sites where the explosions originate;
b) The nature of activities producing them and the general profile and frequency of such
explosions;
c) Any other relevant detail, if available; and

to assist the Technical Secretariat in clarifying the origins of any such event detected by the
International Monitoring System.
3
A State Party may, on a voluntary and mutually acceptable basis, invite representatives of the
Technical Secretariat or of other States Parties to visit sites within its territory referred to in
paragraphs 1 and 2.

4
For the purpose of calibrating the International Monitoring System, States Parties may liaise with the
Technical Secretariat to carry out chemical calibration explosions or to provide relevant information on
chemical explosions planned for other purposes.
Annex 1. to the Protocol
Table 1-A List of Seismological Stations Comprising the Primary Network
State

Responsible Location

Latitude

Longitude

Type

Paso 40.7 S

70.6 W

3-C

19.9 S

134.3 E

array

Alice 23.7 S

133.9 E

array

Stephens 31.9 S

141.6 E

3-C

67.6 S

62.9 E

3-C

for Station

1

Argentina

PLCA
Flores

2

Australia

WRA
Warramunga, NT

3

Australia

ASAR
Springs, NT

4

Australia

STKA

Creek, SA

5

Australia

MAW
Mawson,Antarctic
a

6

Bolivia

LPAZ La Paz

16.3 S

68.1 W

3-C

7

Brazil

BDFB Brasilia

15.6 S

48.0 W

3-C

8

Canada

ULMC

du 50.2 N

95.9 W

3-C

62.5 N

114.6 W

array

54.8 N

66.8 W

3-C

Lac

Bonnet, Man.

9

Canada

YKAC
Yellowknife,
N.W.T.

10

Canada

SCH
Schefferville,
Quebec

11

Central

African BGCA Bangui

05.2 N

18.4 E

3-C

Republic

12

China

HAI Hailar

49.3 N

119.7 E

3-C > array

13

China

LZH Lanzhou

36.1 N

103.8 E

3-C > array

14

Colombia

XSA El Rosal

04.9 N

74.3 W

3-C

15

Côte d'Ivoire

DBIC Dimbroko

06.7 N

04.9 W

3-C

16

Egypt

LXEG Luxor

26.0 N

33.0 E

array

17

Finland

FINES Lahti

61.4 N

26.1 E

array

18

France

PPT Tahiti

17.6 S

149.6 W

3-C

19

Germany

GEC2 Freyung

48.9 N

13.7 E

array

20

To be determined

To be determined To be determined To be determined

21

Iran (Islamic Republic THR Tehran

To be determined

35.8 N

51.4 E

3-C

of)

22

Japan

MJAR Matsushiro 36.5 N

138.2 E

array

23

Kazakstan

MAK Makanchi

46.8 N

82.0 E

array

24

Kenya

KMBO

01.1 S

37.2 E

3-C

106.8 E

3-C > array

Kilimambogo

25

Mongolia

JAVM Javhlant

48.0 N

26

Niger

New Site

To be determined To be determined

3-C > array

27

Norway

NAO Hamar

60.8 N

10.8 E

array

28

Norway

ARAO Karasjok

69.5 N

25.5 E

array

29

Pakistan

PRPK Pari

33.7 N

73.3 E

array

30

Paraguay

CPUP

Villa 26.3 S

57.3 W

3-C

Florida

31

Republic of Korea

KSRS Wonju

37.5 N

127.9 E

array

32

Russian Federation

KBZ Khabaz

43.7 N

42.9 E

3-C

33

Russian Federation

ZAL Zalesovo

53.9 N

84.8 E

3-C > array

34

Russian Federation

NRI Norilsk

69.0 N

88.0 E

3-C

35

Russian Federation

PDY Peleduy

59.6 N

112.6 E

3-C > array

36

Russian Federation

PET

53.1 N

157.8 E

3-C > array

132.0 E

3-C > array

Petropavlovsk-Ka
mchatskiy

37

Russian Federation

USK Ussuriysk

44.2 N

38

Saudi Arabia

New Site

To be determined To be determined

array

39

South Africa

BOSA Boshof

28.6 S

25.6 E

3-C

40

Spain

ESDC Sonseca

39.7 N

04.0 W

array

41

Thailand

CMTO

Chiang 18.8 N

99.0 E

array

35.6 N

08.7 E

3-C

Belbashi 39.9 N

32.8 E

array

Mai

42

Tunisia

THA Thala

43

Turkey

BRTR
The

array

is

subject

to

relocation

at

Keskin

44

Turkmenistan

GEYT Alibeck

37.9 N

58.1 E

array

45

Ukraine

AKASG Malin

50.4 N

29.1 E

array

46

United

of LJTX Lajitas, TX

29.3 N

103.7 W

array

America

States

47

United

States

of MNV Mina, NV

38.4 N

118.2 W

array

States

of PIWY

Pinedale, 42.8 N

109.6 W

array

Eielson, 64.8 N

146.9 W

array

77.5 S

161.9 E

3-C

America

48

United
America

49

United

WY

States

America

50

United
America

of ELAK
AK

States

of VNDA
Vanda,Antarctica

Key: 3-C > array: Indicates that the site could start operations in the International Monitoring System
as a three-component station and be upgraded to an array at a later time.
Table

1-B State responsible for Location

List

of

Latitude

Longitude

Type

station

Seismologi
cal
Stations
Comprising
the
Auxiliary
Network

1

Argentina

CFA Coronel Fontana

31.6 S

68.2 W

3-C

2

Argentina

USHA Ushuaia

55.0 S

68.0 W

3-C

3

Armenia

GNI Garni

40.1 N

44.7 E

3-C

4

Australia

CTA Charters Towers, 20.1 S

146.3 E

3-C

125.6 E

3-C

117.2 E

3-C

QLD

5

Australia

FITZ Fitzroy Crossing, 18.1 S
WA

6

Australia

NWAO Narrogin, WA

32.9 S

7

Bangladesh

CHT Chittagong

22.4 N

91.8 E

3-C

8

Bolivia

SIV San Ignacio

16.0 S

61.1 W

3-C

9

Botswana

LBTB Lobatse

25.0 S

25.6 E

3-C

10

Brazil

PTGA Pitinga

0.7 S

60.0 W

3-C

11

Brazil

RGNB Rio Grande do 6.9 S

37.0 W

3-C

63.7 N

68.5 W

3-C

Lake, 58.4 N

130.0 W

3-C

Norte

12

Canada

FRB Iqaluit, N.W.T.

13

Canada

DLBC

Dease

B.C.

14

Canada

SADO Sadowa, Ont.

44.8 N

79.1 W

3-C

15

Canada

BBB Bella Bella,B.C.

52.2 N

128.1 W

3-C

16

Canada

MBC

Bay, 76.2 N

119.4 W

3-C

Mould

N.W.T.

17

Canada

INK Inuvik, N.W.T.

68.3 N

133.5 W

3-C

18

Chile

RPN Easter Island

27.2 S

109.4 W

3-C

19

Chile

LVC Limon Verde

22.6 S

68.9 W

3-C

20

China

BJT Baijiatuan

40.0 N

116.2 E

3-C

21

China

KMI Kunming

25.2 N

102.8 E

3-C

22

China

SSE Sheshan

31.1 N

121.2 E

3-C

23

China

XAN Xi'an

34.0 N

108.9 E

3-C

24

Cook Island

RAR Rarotonga

21.2 S

159.8 W

3-C

25

Costa Rica

JTS Las Juntas de 10.3 N

85.0 W

3-C

Abangares

26

Czech Republic

VRAC Vranov

49.3 N

16.6 E

3-C

27

Denmark

SFJ

67.0 N

50.6 W

3-C

SøndreStrømfjord,Gre
enland

28

Djibouti

ATD Arta Tunnel

11.5 N

42.9 E

3-C

29

Egypt

KEG Kottamya

29.9 N

31.8 E

3-C

30

Ethiopia

FURI Furi

8.9 N

38.7 E

3-C

31

Fiji

MSVF Monasavu, Viti 17.8 S

178.1 E

3-C

166.3 E

3-C

52.7 W

3-C

1.7 S

13.6 E

3-C

Station, 71.7 S

2.9 W

3-C

Levu

32

France

NOUC Port Laguerre, 22.1 S
New Caledonia

33

France

KOG Kourou, French 5.2 N
Guiana

34

Gabon

BAMB Bambay

35

Germany/South Africa

---

SANAE

Antarctica

36

Greece

IDI Anogia, Crete

35.3 N

24.9 E

3-C

37

Guatemala

RDG Rabir

15.0 N

90.5 W

3-C

38

Iceland

BORG Borgarnes

64.8 N

21.3 W

3-C

39

To be determined

To be determined

To be determined

To be determined

To be determined

40

Indonesia

PACI Cibinong, Jawa 6.5 S

107.0 E

3-C

140.7 E

3-C

131.3 E

3-C

Barat

41

Indonesia

JAY Jayapura, Irian 2.5 S
Jaya

42

Indonesia

SWI
Jaya

Sorong,

Irian 0.9 S

43

Indonesia

PSI

Parapat, 2.7 N

98.9 E

3-C

Kappang, 5.0 S

119.8 E

3-C

123.6 E

3-C

30.3 N

57.1 E

3-C

31.9 N

49.3 E

3-C

Sumatera

44

Indonesia

KAPI

Sulawesi Selatan

45

Indonesia

KUG

Kupang, 10.2 S

Nusatenggara Timur

46

Iran (Islamic Republic KRM Kerman
of)

47

Iran (Islamic Republic MSN
of)

Masjed-e-Soleyman

48

Israel

MBH Eilath

29.8 N

34.9 E

3-C

49

Israel

PARD Parod

32.6 N

35.3 E

array

50

Italy

ENAS Enna, Sicily

37.5 N

14.3 E

3-C

51

Japan

JNU Ohita, Kyushu

33.1 N

130.9 E

3-C

52

Japan

JOW

Kunigami, 26.8 N

128.3 E

3-C

JHJ Hachijojima, Izu 33.1 N

139.8 E

3-C

142.6 E

3-C

Chichijima, 27.1 N

142.2 E

3-C

Okinawa

53

Japan

Islands

54

Japan

JKA Kamikawa-asahi, 44.1 N
Hokkaido

55

Japan

JCJ
Ogasawara

56

Jordan

--- Ashqof

32.5 N

37.6 E

3-C

57

Kazakstan

BRVK Borovoye

53.1 N

70.3 E

array

58

Kazakstan

KURK Kurchatov

50.7 N

78.6 E

array

59

Kazakstan

AKTO Aktyubinsk

50.4 N

58.0 E

3-C

60

Kyrgyzstan

AAK Ala-Archa

42.6 N

74.5 E

3-C

61

Madagascar

TAN Antananarivo

18.9 S

47.6 E

3-C

62

Mali

KOWA Kowa

14.5 N

4.0 W

3-C

63

Mexico

TEYM

Tepich, 20.2 N

88.3 W

3-C

Tuzandepeti, 18.0 N

94.4 W

3-C

LPBM La Paz, Baja 24.2 N

110.2 W

3-C

Yucatan

64

Mexico

TUVM
Veracruz

65

Mexico

California Sur

66

Morocco

MDT Midelt

32.8 N

4.6 W

3-C

67

Namibia

TSUM Tsumeb

19.1 S

17.4 E

3-C

68

Nepal

EVN Everest

28.0 N

86.8 E

3-C

69

New Zealand

EWZ Erewhon, South 43.5 S

170.9 E

3-C

Island

70

New Zealand

RAO Raoul Island

29.2 S

177.9 W

3-C

71

New Zealand

URZ Urewera, North 38.3 S

177.1 E

3-C

Island

72

Norway

SPITS Spitsbergen

78.2 N

16.4 E

array

73

Norway

JMI Jan Mayen

70.9 N

8.7 W

3-C

74

Oman

WSAR Wadi Sarin

23.0 N

58.0 E

3-C

75

Papua New Guinea

PMG Port Moresby

9.4 S

147.2 E

3-C

76

Papua New Guinea

BIAL Bialla

5.3 S

151.1 E

3-C

77

Peru

CAJP Cajamarca

7.0 S

78.0 W

3-C

78

Peru

NNA Nana

79

Philippines

DAV

12.0 S

76.8 W

3-C

Davao, 7.1 N

125.6 E

3-C

Mindanao

80

Philippines

TGY Tagaytay, Luzon

14.1 N

120.9 E

3-C

81

Romania

MLR Muntele Rosu

45.5 N

25.9 E

3-C

82

Russian Federation

KIRV Kirov

58.6 N

49.4 E

3-C

83

Russian Federation

KIVO Kislovodsk

44.0 N

42.7 E

array

84

Russian Federation

OBN Obninsk

55.1 N

36.6 E

3-C

85

Russian Federation

ARU Arti

56.4 N

58.6 E

3-C

86

Russian Federation

SEY Seymchan

62.9 N

152.4 E

3-C

87

Russian Federation

TLY Talaya

51.7 N

103.6 E

3-C

88

Russian Federation

YAK Yakutsk

62.0 N

129.7 E

3-C

89

Russian Federation

URG Urgal

51.1 N

132.3 E

3-C

90

Russian Federation

BIL Bilibino

68.0 N

166.4 E

3-C

91

Russian Federation

TIXI Tiksi

71.6 N

128.9 E

3-C

92

Russian Federation

YSS

47.0 N

142.8 E

3-C

Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk

93

Russian Federation

MA2 Magadan

59.6 N

150.8 E

3-C

94

Russian Federation

ZIL Zilim

53.9 N

57.0 E

3-C

95

Samoa

AFI Afiamalu

13.9 S

171.8 W

3-C

96

Saudi Arabia

RAYN Ar Rayn

23.6 N

45.6 E

3-C

97

Senegal

MBO Mbour

14.4 N

17.0 W

3-C

98

Solomon Islands

HNR

Honiara, 9.4 S

160.0 E

3-C

Guadalcanal

99

South Africa

SUR Sutherland

32.4 S

20.8 E

3-C

100

Sri Lanka

COC Colombo

6.9 N

79.9 E

3-C

101

Sweden

HFS Hagfors

60.1 N

13.7 E

array

102

Switzerland

DAVOS Davos

46.8 N

9.8 E

3-C

103

Uganda

MBRU Mbarara

0.4 S

30.4 E

3-C

104

United Kingdom

EKA Eskdalemuir

55.3 N

3.2 W

array

105

United

144.9 E

3-C

64.1 W

3-C

83.8 W

3-C

States

America

106

United

United

States

United

of PMSA Palmer Station, 64.8 S
Antarctica

States

America

108

Guam, 13.6 N

Marianas Islands

America

107

of GUMO

of TKL

Tuckaleechee 35.7 N

Caverns, TN

States

of PFCA Piñon Flat, CA

33.6 N

116.5 W

3-C

States

of YBH Yreka, CA

41.7 N

122.7 W

3-C

States

of KDC Kodiak Island, 57.8 N

152.5 W

3-C

106.5 W

3-C

America

109

United
America

110

United
America

111

United

AK

States

America

112

United

of ALQ

Albuquerque, 35.0 N

NM

States

of ATTU Attu Island, AK

52.8 N

172.7 E

3-C

States

of ELK Elko, NV

40.7 N

115.2 W

3-C

America

113

United
America

114

United

States

America

115

United

of SPA

South

Pole, 90.0 S

--

3-C

Antarctica

States

of NEW Newport, WA

48.3 N

117.1 W

3-C

States

of SJG San Juan, PR

18.1 N

66.2 W

3-C

America

116

United
America

117

Venezuela

SDV Santo Domingo

8.9 N

70.6 W

3-C

118

Venezuela

PCRV Puerto la Cruz

10.2 N

64.6 W

3-C

119

Zambia

LSZ Lusaka

15.3 S

28.2 E

3-C

120

Zimbabwe

BUL Bulawayo

to be advised

to be advised

3-C

Table 2-A List of State responsible for Location
Radionuclide

Latitude

Longitude

station

Stations

1

Argentina

Buenos Aires

34.0 S

58.0W

2

Argentina

Salta

24.0 S

65.0 W

3

Argentina

Bariloche

41.1 S

71.3 W

4

Australia

Melbourne, VIC

37.5 S

144.6 E

5

Australia

Mawson, Antarctica

67.6 S

62.5 E

6

Australia

Townsville, QLD

19.2 S

146.8 E

7

Australia

Macquarie Island

54.0 S

159.0 E

8

Australia

Cocos Islands

12.0 S

97.0 E

9

Australia

Darwin, NT

12.4 S

130.7 E

10

Australia

Perth, WA

31.9 S

116.0 E

11

Brazil

Rio de Janeiro

22.5 S

43.1 W

12

Brazil

Recife

8.0 S

35.0 W

13

Cameroon

Douala

4.2 N

9.9 E

14

Canada

Vancouver, B.C.

49.3 N

123.2 W

15

Canada

Resolute, N.W.T.

74.7 N

94.9 W

16

Canada

Yellowknife, N.W.T.

62.5 N

114.5 W

17

Canada

St. John's, N.L.

47.0 N

53.0 W

18

Chile

Punta Arenas

53.1 S

70.6 W

19

Chile

Hanga

Easter 27.1 S

108.4 W

Roa,

Island

20

China

Beijing

39.8 N

116.2 E

21

China

Lanzhou

35.8 N

103.3 E

22

China

Guangzhou

23.0 N

113.3 E

23

Cook Islands

Rarotonga

21.2 S

159.8 W

24

Ecuador

Isla

Cristóbal, 1.0 S

89.2 W

San

Galápagos Islands

25

Ethiopia

Filtu

5.5 N

42.7 E

26

Fiji

Nadi

18.0 S

177.5 E

27

France

Papeete, Tahiti

17.0 S

150.0 W

28

France

Pointe-à-Pitre,

17.0 N

62.0 W

Guadeloupe

29

France

Réunion

21.1 S

55.6 E

30

France

Port-aux-Français,

49.0 S

70.0 E

Kerguelen

31

France

Cayenne, French Guiana 5.0 N

52.0 W

32

France

Dumont

140.0 E

d'Urville, 66.0 S

Antarctica

33

Germany

Schauinsland/Freiburg

47.9 N

7.9 E

34

Iceland

Reykjavik

64.4 N

21.9 W

35

To be determined

To be determined

To be determined

To be determined

36

Iran (Islamic Republic of) Tehran

35.0 N

52.0 E

37

Japan

Okinawa

26.5 N

127.9 E

38

Japan

Takasaki, Gunma

36.3 N

139.0 E

39

Kiribati

Kiritimati

2.0 N

157.0 W

40

Kuwait

Kuwait City

29.0 N

48.0 E

41

Libya

Misratah

32.5 N

15.0 E

42

Malaysia

Kuala Lumpur

2.6 N

101.5 E

43

Mauritania

Nouakchott

18.0 N

17.0 W

44

Mexico

Baja California

28.0 N

113.0 W

45

Mongolia

Ulaanbaatar

47.5 N

107.0 E

46

New Zealand

Chatham Island

44.0 S

176.5 W

47

New Zealand

Kaitaia

35.1 S

173.3 E

48

Niger

Bilma

18.0 N

13.0 E

49

Norway

Spitsbergen

78.2 N

16.4 E

50

Panama

Panama City

8.9 N

79.6 W

51

Papua New Guinea

New Hanover

3.0 S

150.0 E

52

Philippines

Quezon City

14.5 N

121.0 E

53

Portugal

Ponta

São 37.4 N

25.4 W

Delgada,

Miguel, Azores

54

Russian Federation

Kirov

58.6 N

49.4 E

55

Russian Federation

Norilsk

69.0 N

88.0E

56

Russian Federation

Peleduy

59.6 N

112.6 E

57

Russian Federation

Bilibino

68.0 N

166.4 E

58

Russian Federation

Ussuriysk

43.7 N

131.9 E

59

Russian Federation

Zalesovo

53.9 N

84.8 E

60

Russian Federation

Petropavlovsk-Kamchats 53.1 N

158.8 E

kiy

61

Russian Federation

Dubna

56.7 N

37.3 E

62

South Africa

Marion Island

46.5 S

37.0 E

63

Sweden

Stockholm

59.4 N

18.0 E

64

Tanzania

Dar es Salaam

6.0 S

39.0 E

65

Thailand

Bangkok

13.8 N

100.5 E

66

United Kingdom

BIOT/Chagos

7.0 S

72.0 E

16.0 S

6.0 W

Archi-pelago

67

United Kingdom

St. Helena

68

United Kingdom

Tristan da Cunha

37.0 S

12.3 W

69

United Kingdom

Halley, Antarctica

76.0 S

28.0 W

70

United States of America Sacramento, CA

38.7 N

121.4 W

71

United States of America Sand Point, AK

55.0 N

160.0 W

72

United States of America Melbourne, FL

28.3 N

80.6 W

73

United States of America Palmer

Station, 64.5 S

64.0 W

Antarctica

74

United States of America Ashland, KS

37.2 N

99.8 W

75

United States of America Charlottesville, VA

38.0 N

78.0 W

76

United States of America Salchaket, AK

64.4 N

147.1 W

77

United States of America Wake Island

19.3 N

166.6 E

78

United States of America Midway Islands

28.0 N

177.0 W

79

United States of America Oahu, HI

21.5 N

158.0 W

80

United States of America Upi, Guam

13.7 N

144.9 E

Table 2-B List of State responsible for Laboratory

Name and place of laboratory

Radionuclide
Laboratories

1

Argentina

National Board of Nuclear Regulation Buenos Aires

2

Australia

Australian Radiation Laboratory Melbourne, VIC

3

Austria

Austrian Research Center Seibersdorf

4

Brazil

Institute of Radiation Protection and Dosimetry Rio de Janeiro

5

Canada

Health Canada Ottawa, Ont.

6

China

Beijing

7

Finland

Centre for Radiation and Nuclear Safety Helsinki

8

France

Atomic Energy Commission Montlhéry

9

Israel

Soreq Nuclear Research Centre Yavne

10

Italy

Laboratory of the National Agency for the Protection of the
Environment Rome

11

Japan

Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokai,Ibaraki

12

New Zealand

National Radiation Laboratory Christchurch

13

Russian Federation

Central Radiation Control Laboratory, Ministry of Defence Special
Verification Service Moscow

14

South Africa

Atomic Energy Corporation Pelindaba

15

United Kingdom

AWE Blacknest Chilton

16

United States of America

McClellan Central Laboratories Sacramento, CA

Table 3 List State responsible Location
of

Latitude

Longitude

Type

34.4 S

115.1 E

Hydrophone

Charlotte 53.3 N

132.5 W

T-phase

for station

Hydroacousti
c Stations

1

Australia

Cape Leeuwin, WA

2

Canada

Queen

Islands, B.C.

3

Chile

Juan

Fernández 33.7 S

78.8 W

Hydrophone

Island

4

France

Crozet Islands

46.5 S

52.2 E

Hydrophone

5

France

Guadeloupe

16.3 N

61.1 W

T-phase

6

Mexico

Clarión Island

18.2 N

114.6 W

T-phase

7

Portugal

Flores

39.3 N

31.3 W

T-phase

8

United Kingdom

BIOT/Chagos

7.3 S

72.4 E

Hydrophone

37.2 S

12.5 W

T-phase

Archipelago

9

United Kingdom

10

United

Tristan da Cunha

States

of Ascension

8.0 S

14.4 W

Hydrophone

States

of Wake Island

19.3 N

166.6 E

Hydrophone

America

11

United
America

Table 4 List of State responsible for Location
Infrasound

Latitude

Longitude

station

Stations

1

Argentina

Paso Flores

40.7 S

70.6 W

2

Argentina

Ushuaia

55.0 S

68.0 W

3

Australia

Davis Base, Antarctica

68.4 S

77.6 E

4

Australia

Narrogin, WA

32.9 S

117.2 E

5

Australia

Hobart, TAS

42.1 S

147.2 E

6

Australia

Cocos Islands

12.3 S

97.0 E

7

Australia

Warramunga, NT

19.9 S

134.3 E

8

Bolivia

La Paz

16.3 S

68.1 W

9

Brazil

Brasilia

15.6 S

48.0 W

10

Canada

Lac du Bonnet, Man.

50.2 N

95.9 W

11

Cape Verde

Cape Verde Islands

16.0 N

24.0 W

12

Central African Republic

Bangui

5.2 N

18.4 E

13

Chile

Easter Island

27.0 S

109.2 W

14

Chile

Juan Fernández Island

33.8 S

80.7 W

15

China

Beijing

40.0 N

116.0 E

16

China

Kunming

25.0 N

102.8 E

17

Côte d'Ivoire

Dimbokro

6.7 N

4.9 W

18

Denmark

Dundas, Greenland

76.5 N

68.7 W

19

Djibouti

Djibouti

11.3 N

43.5 E

20

Ecuador

Galápagos Islands

0.0 N

91.7 W

21

France

Marquesas Islands

10.0 S

140.0 W

22

France

Port

New 22.1 S

166.3 E

LaGuerre,

Caledonia

23

France

Kerguelen

49.2 S

69.1 E

24

France

Tahiti

17.6 S

149.6 W

25

France

Kourou, French Guiana

5.2 N

52.7 W

26

Germany

Freyung

48.9 N

13.7 E

27

Germany

Georg von Neumayer, 70.6 S

8.4 W

Antarctica

28

To be determined

29

To be determined

To be determined

To be determined

Iran (Islamic Republic of) Tehran

35.7 N

51.4 E

30

Japan

Tsukuba

36.0 N

140.1 E

31

Kazakstan

Aktyubinsk

50.4 N

58.0 E

32

Kenya

Kilimanbogo

1.3 S

36.8 E

33

Madagascar

Antananarivo

18.8 S

47.5 E

34

Mongolia

Javhlant

48.0 N

106.8 E

35

Namibia

Tsumeb

19.1 S

17.4 E

36

New Zealand

Chatham Island

44.0 S

176.5 W

37

Norway

Karasjok

69.5 N

25.5 E

38

Pakistan

Rahimyar Khan

28.2 N

70.3 E

39

Palau

Palau

7.5 N

134.5 E

40

Papua New Guinea

Rabaul

4.1 S

152.1 E

41

Paraguay

Villa Florida

26.3 S

57.3 W

42

Portugal

Azores

37.8 N

25.5 W

43

Russian Federation

Dubna

56.7 N

37.3 E

44

Russian Federation

Petropavlovsk-Kamchats

53.1 N

158.8 E

kiy

45

Russian Federation

Ussuriysk

43.7 N

131.9 E

46

Russian Federation

Zalesovo

53.9 N

84.8 E

47

South Africa

Boshof

28.6 S

25.4 E

48

Tunisia

Thala

35.6 N

8.7 E

49

United Kingdom

Tristan da Cunha

37.0 S

12.3 W

50

United Kingdom

Ascension

8.0 S

14.3 W

51

United Kingdom

Bermuda

32.0 N

64.5 W

52

United Kingdom

BIOT/ChagosArchipelag

5.0 S

72.0 E

o

53

United States of America Eielson, AK

64.8 N

146.9 W

54

United States of America Siple Station, Antarctica

75.5 S

83.6 W

55

United States of America Windless

Bight, 77.5 S

161.8 E

Antarctica

56

United States of America Newport, WA

48.3 N

117.1 W

57

United States of America Piñon Flat, CA

33.6 N

116.5 W

58

United States of America Midway Islands

28.1N

177.2 W

59

United States of America Hawaii, HI

19.6 N

155.3 W

60

United States of America Wake Island

19.3 N

166.6 E

Annex 2. to the Protocol
List of Characterization Parameters for International Data Centre Standard Event Screening
1. The International Data Centre standard event screening criteria shall be based on the standard
event characterization parameters determined during the combined processing of data from all
the monitoring technologies in the International Monitoring System. Standard event screening
shall make use of both global and supplementary screening criteria to take account of regional
variations where applicable.
2. For events detected by the International Monitoring System seismic component, the following

parameters,inter alia may be used:
–

location of the event;

–

depth of the event;

–

ratio of the magnitude of surface waves to body waves;

–

signal frequency content;

–

spectral ratios of phases;

–

spectral scalloping;

–

first motion of the P-wave;

–

focal mechanism;

–

relative excitation of seismic phases;

–

comparative measures to other events and groups of events; and

–

regional discriminants where applicable.

3. For events detected by the International Monitoring System hydroacoustic component, the
following parameters,inter alia, may be used:
–

signal frequency content including corner frequency, wide-band energy, and mean centre
frequency and bandwidth;

–

frequency-dependent duration of signals;

–

spectral ratio; and

–

indications of bubble-pulse signals and bubble-pulse delay.

4. For events detected by the International Monitoring System infrasound component, the
following parameters,inter alia, may be used:
–

signal frequency content and dispersion;

–

signal duration; and

–

peak amplitude.

5. For events detected by the International Monitoring System radionuclide component, the
following parameters,inter alia, may be used:
–

concentration of background natural and man-made radionuclides;

–

concentration of specific fission and activation products outside normal observations; and

–

ratios of one specific fission and activation product to another.